Patent Publication Number: US-2021162387-A1

Title: Catalyst structure and method for producing the catalyst structure

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     The present application is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/994,098, filed May 31, 2018, which claims priority to Japanese Application Nos. 2017-108609, filed May 31, 2017 and 2017-108640, filed May 31, 2017. The entire contents of all of the above applications are incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Technical Field 
     The present disclosure relates to a catalyst structure and a method for producing the catalyst structure. 
     Background 
     In recent years, as a measure against global warming, there is a focus on a technology of bringing carbon dioxide and methane, which are causative substance of global warming into contact with one another, and converting them into a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen (dry reforming). 
     As for a catalyst to be used when producing such a synthesis gas, Patent Document 1, for example, discloses a catalyst that utilizes an oxygen-deficient perovskite-type composite oxide containing Mn, a predetermined alkaline earth metal and the like as a carrier, and utilizes nickel as a carried metal. 
     However, the reaction of bringing carbon dioxide into contact with methane and converting them into a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen needs to be performed at a high temperature of 800° C. or higher. In the catalyst disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid Open No. 2013-255911 (Patent Document 1), since a metal is carried on a surface of a carrier, the catalyst particles aggregate with each other at a high temperature and the catalytic activity tends to decrease, and also the catalytic activity is not necessarily sufficient. 
     As for a method of inhibiting the adhesion among catalyst particles and increasing the specific surface area of the catalyst particles, Japanese Patent Application Laid Open No. 2016-2527, for example, discloses a method of fixing catalyst particles on a substrate surface, and performing oxidation treatment and reduction treatment under predetermined conditions. 
     However, even with the catalyst structure disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid Open No. 2016-2527 in which the catalyst particles are fixed on the surface of the base material, the catalytic activity decreases when the catalyst structure is placed in a reaction field of a high temperature. For this reason, in order to regenerate the catalyst function, the oxidation treatment and the reduction treatment need to be performed again and the operation becomes complicated. 
     In addition, hydrogen is expected as a raw material of new energy and used for production in a hydrogen producing apparatus for a hydrogen station and in a fixed fuel cell system expected to be widely spread to homes and small and medium-sized businesses, and the like, and an on-site production is under consideration. 
     For example, steam reforming of natural gas also referred to as steam methane reforming (SMR) is a major method of producing a large quantity of hydrogen for commercial use, in addition to hydrogen used in an industrial ammonia synthesis. In addition, the method is the most inexpensive method. When a metal catalyst exists at a high temperature (700 to 1100° C.), steam reacts with methane, and carbon monoxide and hydrogen are obtained. 
     Recently, in addition to a fuel reforming apparatus utilizing the above described steam reforming reaction, a reforming apparatus of a type using partial oxidation reaction in combination with steam reforming reaction has been developed (Japanese Patent Application Laid Open No. 2000-323164) mainly targeting on fuel cell power generation apparatuses for electric vehicles and of a portable type that require to be compact and to start up in a short time period. 
     Here, the steam reforming reaction (reaction formula (2) indicated below) is an endothermic reaction in which heat must be given from outside. On the other hand, the partial oxidation reaction (reaction formula (1) indicated below) is an exothermic reaction. 
       CH 4 +½O 2 →2H 2 +CO  (1), and
 
       CH 4 +H 2 O→3H 2 +CO  (2)
 
     Accordingly, in the reforming apparatus as described above, by concomitantly using the partial oxidation reaction in the same reaction vessel, it is possible to supply heat required for the steam reforming reaction and perform the reaction, and thereby an external heating device becomes unnecessary. Accordingly, the apparatus becomes compact, and the start-up period of the reformer can be shortened. 
     However, in the reforming apparatus as described above, since a combustion reaction occurs due to the partial oxidation reaction, even under the presence of a very small amount of oxygen, an aggregation of the catalyst may be caused depending on a temperature history at high temperature, and a catalytic performance may be lost in a short time period. For this reason, according to a conventional apparatus and an operation method thereof, the performance of the reformer deteriorates along with the deterioration of the catalyst, with the lapse of time. 
     In addition, thermodynamically, the steam reforming reaction is more advantageous at a higher temperature, and a reaction temperature of 700° C. or higher is necessary depending on the type of hydrocarbon. Accordingly, a catalyst for steam reforming of hydrocarbons is required to have excellent heat resistance, high temperature stability and a fixed high temperature strength, as well as high activity. Conventionally, transition metal carried on a carrier is generally used as a catalyst for steam reforming of hydrocarbons. The order of activities of metal catalysts in the steam reforming of methane (CH 4 ) is determined to be Rh, Ru&gt;Ir&gt;Ni, Pt, Pd (Masaru Ichikawa, et al., “Advanced Technology of Methane Chemical Conversion”, CMC Publishing Co., Ltd., in 2008). Among the metals, the precious metals Rh and Ru have the highest activity, but the cost is high. In addition, Ni is relatively inexpensive and is widely used industrially, but the activity and heat resistance are not sufficient if fine particles of Ni are merely used as a catalyst having a conventional morphology. 
     The present disclosure is related to providing a catalyst structure with a reduced decrease in a catalytic activity and capable of efficiently producing a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and to providing a method for producing the catalyst structure. 
     The present disclosure is also related to providing a catalyst structure capable of adequately keeping the catalytic activity by inhibiting the aggregation of catalyst particles and efficiently producing a reformed gas containing hydrogen from a reforming feedstock including hydrocarbons, and to providing a method for producing the catalyst structure. 
     SUMMARY 
     A first aspect of the present disclosure is a catalyst structure including: 
     a carrier of a porous structure composed of a zeolite type compound; and 
     at least one catalytic material existing in the carrier, 
     the carrier having channels communicating with each other, 
     the catalytic material being a metal fine particle and existing at least in the channel of the carrier. 
     A second aspect of the present disclosure is a method for producing a catalyst structure including: 
     baking a precursor material (B) having a precursor material (A) for obtaining a carrier of a porous structure composed of a zeolite type compound impregnated with a metal-containing solution; 
     hydrothermally treating a precursor material (C) obtained by baking the precursor material (B); and 
     subjecting the hydrothermally treated precursor material (C) to reduction treatment. 
     According to the present disclosure, the decrease of the catalytic activity is inhibited, and it becomes possible to efficiently produce a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen. 
     In addition, according to the present disclosure, it becomes possible to adequately keep the catalytic activity by inhibiting the aggregation of catalyst particles, and efficiently produce a reformed gas containing hydrogen from a reforming feedstock containing a hydrocarbon. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1A  is a perspective view schematically showing a catalyst structure for producing a synthesis gas according to an embodiment of the present disclosure so that the internal structure can be understood (partly shown in a cross section), and  FIG. 1B  is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the catalyst structure. 
         FIG. 2A  is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view for describing a sieve function which is an example of functions of the catalyst structure for producing the synthesis gas in  FIG. 1A , and  FIG. 2B  is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view for describing a catalytic ability. 
         FIG. 3  is a flow chart showing an example of a method for producing the catalyst structure for producing the synthesis gas in  FIG. 1A . 
         FIG. 4  is a schematic diagram showing a modified example of the catalyst structure for producing the synthesis gas in  FIG. 1A . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Embodiments 
     Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
     [Configuration of Catalyst Structure] 
       FIG. 1A  is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a catalyst structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure (partly shown in a cross section), and  FIG. 1B  is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view. The catalyst structure in  FIG. 1  shows an example of the catalyst structures, and a shape, a dimension and the like of each configuration according to the present disclosure are not limited to the shape and the dimension in  FIGS. 1A and 1B . 
     As is shown in  FIG. 1A , the catalyst structure  1  includes a carrier  10  having a porous structure composed of a zeolite type compound, and at least one catalytic material  20  existing in the carrier  10 . 
     In the catalyst structure  1 , a plurality of the catalytic materials  20 ,  20  and so on are included inside the porous structure of the carrier  10 . The catalytic material  20  may be a substance having a catalytic ability (catalytic activity), and is specifically a metal fine particle. The metal fine particle will be described in detail later. 
     The carrier  10  has a porous structure, and, preferably, as shown in  FIG. 1B , with a plurality of pores  11   a ,  11   a  and so on being formed, has channels  11  communicating with each other. The catalytic material  20  exists at least in the channel  11  of the carrier  10 , and is preferably held at least in the channel  11  of the carrier  10 . 
     Due to such a configuration, the movement of the catalytic material  20  in the carrier  10  is restricted, and the catalytic materials  20  and  20  are effectively prevented from aggregating with each other. As a result, a decrease in an effective surface area of the catalytic material  20  can be effectively inhibited, and the catalytic activity of the catalytic material  20  continues over a long period of time. Specifically, with the catalyst structure  1 , it is possible to inhibit the decrease in the catalytic activity due to aggregation of the catalytic materials  20 , and achieve the extension of the life of the catalyst structure  1 . In addition, due to the extension of the life of the catalyst structure  1 , it becomes possible to reduce the frequency of replacement of the catalyst structure  1 , greatly reduce the amount of waste of the used catalyst structure  1 , and achieve resource saving. 
     Usually, when using the catalyst structure in a fluid, there is a possibility that the catalyst structure receives an external force from the fluid. In this case, if the catalytic material is only attached to an outer surface of the carrier  10 , the catalytic material may easily detach from the outer surface of the carrier  10  due to an influence of the external force applied by the fluid. On the other hand, with the catalyst structure  1 , the catalytic material  20  is held at least in the channel  11  of the carrier  10 , and accordingly, even if subjected to the external force from the fluid, the catalytic material  20  is less likely to detach from the carrier  10 . Specifically, when the catalyst structure  1  is in the fluid, the fluid flows into the channel  11  from the pore  11   a  of the carrier  10 , and accordingly, it is considered that a speed of the fluid flowing in the channel  11  becomes slower than the speed of the fluid flowing on the outer surface of the carrier  10 , due to flow path resistance (frictional force). Due to an influence of such flow path resistance, the pressure from the fluid applied to the catalytic material  20  held in the channel  11  becomes lower than the pressure from the fluid applied to the catalytic material outside the carrier  10 . Because of this, the catalytic material  20  existing in the carrier  11  can be effectively inhibited from being detached, and it becomes possible to stably keep the catalytic activity of the catalytic material  20  for a long period of time. It is considered that the above described flow path resistance becomes greater as the channel  11  of the carrier  10  has a plurality of bends and branches, and the inside of the carrier  10  is more complicated and has a three-dimensional structure. 
     In addition, it is preferable that the channel  11  has any one of a one-dimensional pore, a two-dimensional pore and a three-dimensional pore defined by a framework structure of a zeolite type compound, and an enlarged diameter portion  12  different from any one of the above described one-dimensional pore, the above described two-dimensional pore and the above described three-dimensional pore. It is preferable that the catalytic material  20  exists at least at the enlarged diameter portion  12 , and it is more preferable that the catalytic material  20  is included at least in the enlarged diameter portion  12 . Due to the above configuration, the movement of the catalytic material  20  in the carrier  10  is further restricted, and it is possible to more effectively prevent the catalytic material  20  from detaching and/or the catalytic materials  20  and  20  from aggregating with each other. The inclusion refers to such a state that the catalytic material  20  is included in the carrier  10 . The catalytic material  20  and the carrier  10  do not necessarily come in direct contact with each other, but the catalytic material  20  may be indirectly held by the carrier  10  in such a state that another substance (for example, surface active agent or the like) interposes between the catalytic material  20  and the carrier  10 . Herein, the term “one-dimensional pore” refers to a tunnel-type or cage-type pore forming a one-dimensional channel, or a plurality of tunnel-type or cage-type pores (a plurality of one-dimensional channels) forming a plurality of one-dimensional channels. The two-dimensional pore refers to a two-dimensional channel formed of a plurality of one-dimensional channels that are two-dimensionally connected, and the three-dimensional pore refers to a three-dimensional channel formed of a plurality of one-dimensional channels that are three-dimensionally connected. 
       FIG. 1B  shows a case in which the catalytic material  20  is included in the enlarged diameter portion  12 , but the present disclosure is not limited to this configuration, and the catalytic material  20  may exist in the channel  11  in such a state that a part of the catalytic material  20  extends outside the enlarged diameter portion  12 . In addition, the catalytic material  20  may be partially embedded in a part of the channel  11  (for example, inner wall part of channel  11 ) other than the enlarged diameter portion  12 , or may be held by fixation or the like. 
     In addition, it is preferable that the enlarged diameter portion  12  makes a plurality of pores  11   a  and  11   a  forming any one of the above described one-dimensional pore, the above described two-dimensional pore and the above described three-dimensional pore communicate with each other. By the above configuration, a separate channel different from the one-dimensional pore, the two-dimensional pore or the three-dimensional pore is provided inside the carrier  10 , and accordingly, it is possible to exhibit the function of the catalytic material  20  more. 
     In addition, it is preferable that the channel  11  is three-dimensionally formed in the inside of the carrier  10  so as to include a branched portion or a merging portion, and the enlarged diameter portion  12  is provided in the above described branched portion or the merging portion of the channels  11 . 
     The average inner diameter D F  of the channel  11  formed in the carrier  10  is calculated from the average value of the minor axis and the major axis of the pore  11   a  forming any one of the above described one-dimensional pore, the above described two-dimensional pore and the above described three-dimensional pore, is 0.1 nm to 1.5 nm, for example, and preferably is 0.5 nm to 0.8 nm. In addition, the inner diameter D E  of the enlarged diameter portion  12  is, for example, 0.5 to 50 nm, preferably is 1.1 to 40 nm, and more preferably is 1.1 nm to 3.3 nm. The inner diameter D E  of the enlarged diameter portion  12  depends on, for example, a pore diameter of a precursor material (A) to be described later, and on an average particle diameter D C  of the included catalytic material  20 . The inner diameter D E  of the enlarged diameter portion  12  has a size capable of including the catalytic material  20 . 
     The carrier  10  is composed of a zeolite type compound. Examples of the zeolite type compound include silicate compounds such as zeolite (aluminosilicate), cation exchange zeolite and silicalite, zeolite analogous compounds such as aluminoborate, aluminoarsenate and germanate, and a phosphate-based zeolite analogues such as molybdenum phosphate. Among the compounds, the zeolite type compound is preferably a silicate compound. 
     The framework structure of the zeolite type compound is selected from FAU type (Y type or X type), MTW type, MFI type (ZSM-5), FER type (ferrierite), LTA type (A type), MWW type (MCM-22), MOR type (mordenite), LTL type (L type), BEA type (beta type) and the like, is preferably the MFI type, and is more preferably the ZSM-5. In the zeolite type compound, a plurality of pores having pore diameters corresponding to each of the framework structures are formed. For example, the maximum pore diameter of the MFI type is 0.636 nm (6.36 Å), and the average pore diameter is 0.560 nm (5.60 Å). 
     Hereinafter, the catalytic material  20  will be described in detail. 
     The catalytic material  20  is a metal fine particle. There is a case where the metal fine particle is held in the channel  11  in a state of a primary particle, and a case where the metal fine particle is held in the channel  11  in a state of a secondary particle formed by the aggregation of the primary particles. In any case, the average particle diameter D C  of the metal fine particles is preferably greater than the average inner diameter D F  of the channels  11 , and is equal to or smaller than the inner diameter D E  of the enlarged diameter portion  12  (D F &lt;D C ≤D E ). Such a catalytic material  20  is preferably included in the enlarged diameter portion  12  in the channel  11 , and the movement of the catalytic material  20  in the carrier  10  is restricted. Therefore, even when the catalytic material  20  has received an external force from the fluid, the movement of the catalytic material  20  in the carrier  10  is inhibited, and the catalyst structure can effectively prevent the catalytic materials  20 ,  20  and so on respectively included in the enlarged diameter portions  12 ,  12  and so on dispersed and arranged in the channel  11  of the carrier  10 , from coming in contact with each other. 
     In addition, the average particle diameter D C  of the metal fine particles is, in both cases of the primary particles and the secondary particles, preferably 0.08 nm to 30 nm, is more preferably 0.08 nm or more and less than 25 nm, is further preferably 0.4 nm to 11.0 nm, is particularly preferably 0.8 nm to 2.7 nm, and is most preferably 1.2 nm to 2.6 nm. In addition, a ratio (D C /D F ) of the average particle diameter D C  of the metal fine particles to the average inner diameter D F  of the channels  11  is preferably 0.05 to 300, is more preferably 0.1 to 30, is further preferably 1.1 to 30, and is particularly preferably 1.4 to 3.6. 
     In addition, when the catalytic material  20  is the metal fine particle, it is preferable that the metal element (M) of the metal fine particle is contained in an amount of 0.5 to 2.5 mass % with respect to the catalyst structure  1 , and it is more preferable that the metal element (M) of the metal fine particle is contained in an amount of 0.5 to 1.5 mass % with respect to the catalyst structure  1 . For example, when the metal element (M) is Ni, the content (mass %) of the Ni element is expressed by {(mass of Ni element)/(mass of all elements in catalyst structure  1 )}×100. 
     The metal fine particle may be composed of an unoxidized metal, and for example, may be composed of a single metal or a mixture of two or more metals. In the present specification, “metal” (of a material) forming the metal fine particle is a single metal containing one type of metal element (M) and a metal alloy containing two or more types of metal elements (M), and is a generic term of metal containing one or more metal elements. 
     Examples of such metals include rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), iridium (Ir), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), cerium (Ce), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al) and nickel (Ni), and it is preferable that the metal fine particle contains any one or more of the above described metals as a main component. In particular, it is preferable that the metal fine particle is a fine particle composed of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), iridium (Ir), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni), from the viewpoint of catalytic activity, is more preferable that the metal fine particle is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of the rhodium (Rh), the ruthenium (Ru), the iridium (Ir) and the nickel (Ni), from the viewpoint of catalytic activity, and is particularly preferable that the metal fine particle is the nickel (Ni) among the above metals, from the viewpoint of balance between the price and the performance. 
     In addition, a ratio of silicon (Si) forming the carrier  10  to the metal element (M) forming the metal fine particle (atomic ratio Si/M) is preferably 10 to 1000, and is more preferably 50 to 200. When the above described ratio is greater than 1000, the activity is low and there is a possibility that an action of a catalytic material cannot be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, if the above described ratio is less than 10, the ratio of the metal fine particle becomes too large, and the strength of the carrier  10  tends to decrease. Note that the metal fine particle  20  referred herein means a fine particle existing or carried in the inside of the carrier  10 , and does not include a metal fine particle attached to the outer surface of the carrier  10 . 
     [Function of Catalyst Structure] 
     As described above, the catalyst structure  1  includes a carrier  10  having a porous structure, and at least one catalytic material  20  existing in the carrier. As the catalytic material  20  existing in the carrier  10  comes in contact with a fluid, the catalyst structure  1  exhibits a catalytic ability corresponding to the function of the catalytic material  20 . Specifically, the fluid that have contacted an outer surface  10   a  of the catalyst structure  1  flows into the inside of the carrier  10  through a pore  11   a  formed in the outer surface  10   a  and is guided into the channel  11 , moves through the channel  11 , and exits to the outside of the catalyst structure  1  through another pore  11   a . A catalytic reaction corresponding to the catalytic material  20  occurs as the fluid contacts the catalytic material  20  held in the channel  11 , in a path in which the fluid moves through the channel  11 . In addition, the catalyst structure  1  has a molecular sieving ability since the carrier has a porous structure. 
     Firstly, the molecular sieving ability of the catalyst structure  1  will be described, by taking a case where a fluid is a methane-containing gas and carbon dioxide as an example. The methane-containing gas refers to a mixed gas containing methane and a gas other than methane. In addition, the methane-containing gas and the carbon dioxide may be sequentially brought into contact with the catalyst structure  1 , or may be brought into contact at the same time. 
     As is shown in  FIG. 2A , a compound composed of a molecule having a size equal to or smaller than the pore diameter of the pore  11   a , in other words, having a size equal to or smaller than the inner diameter of the channel  11  (for example, methane and carbon dioxide) is capable of flow into the carrier  10 . On the other hand, a component  15  composed of a molecule having a size exceeding the pore diameter of the pore  11   a  is not capable of flow into the carrier  10 . Thus, when the fluid contains a plurality of types of compounds, a reaction of a compound incapable of flowing into the carrier  10  is restricted, and it is possible for a compound capable of flowing into the carrier  10  to cause a reaction. In the present embodiment, a reaction between methane and carbon dioxide proceeds. 
     Among compounds produced by the reaction in the carrier  10 , only a compound composed of a molecule having a size equal to or less than the pore diameter of the pore  11   a  is capable of exiting to the outside of the carrier  10  through the pore  11   a , and is obtained as a reaction product. On the other hand, a compound incapable of exiting through the pore  11   a  to the outside of the carrier  10  can be exited to the outside of the carrier  10  after being converted into a compound composed of a molecule having a size capable of exiting to the outside of the carrier  10 . Thus, by using the catalyst structure  1 , a specific reaction product can be selectively obtained. In the present embodiment, specifically, methane reacts with carbon dioxide, and a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen is obtained as a reaction product. 
     In addition, as another example, when a fluid is a reforming feedstock containing methane as hydrocarbon, a compound (for example, methane and water) composed of a molecule having a size equal to or smaller than the inner diameter of the channel  11  can flow into the carrier  10  due to the above described molecular sieving ability, and a steam reforming reaction between methane and water proceeds. Note that the reforming feedstock is not limited to materials containing methane, but may be materials including hydrocarbons other than methane, and may be, for example, a mixed gas such as natural gas, or a mixed solution such as petroleum. Examples of the components contained in the reforming feedstock include straight-chain or branched type saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having approximately 1 to 16 carbon atoms such as methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane and decane, alicyclic saturated hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane and cyclooctane, monocyclic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and various hydrocarbons such as city gas, alcohols such as methanol, LPG, naphtha and kerosene. 
     In this case, methane reacts with water, and a reformed gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen is obtained as a reaction product. 
     In the catalyst structure  1 , as is shown in  FIG. 2B , the catalytic material  20  is included in the enlarged diameter portion  12  of the channel  11 . When the average particle diameter D C  of the catalytic materials  20  (metal fine particles) is greater than the average inner diameter D F  of the channels  11  and smaller than the inner diameter D E  of the enlarged diameter portion  12  (D F &lt;D C &lt;D E ), a small channel  13  is formed between the catalytic material  20  and the enlarged diameter portion  12 . Then, as is shown by an arrow in  FIG. 2B , a fluid that have flowed into the small channel  13  comes in contact with the catalytic material  20 . The catalytic materials  20  are each included in the enlarged diameter portion  12 , and thus the movement in the carrier  10  is limited. For this reason, the catalytic materials  20  in the carrier  10  is prevented from being aggregated with each other. As a result, it becomes possible to stably keep a large contact area between the catalytic material  20  and the fluid. 
     In the present embodiment, by using the catalyst structure  1 , it is possible to produce a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen while using a methane-containing gas and carbon dioxide as feedstocks. This catalytic reaction is performed at a high temperature, for example, of 800° C. or higher, and since the catalytic material  20  exists in the carrier  10 , it is less susceptible to heating. As a result, the decrease in the catalytic activity is inhibited, and the extension of the life of the catalyst structure  1  can be achieved. 
     In addition, by using the catalyst structure  1 , it is possible to produce a reformed gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen by causing a reforming feedstock containing a hydrocarbon to react with water. This catalytic reaction is performed at a high temperature, for example, of 800° C. or higher, but since the catalytic material  20  exists in the carrier  10 , it is less susceptible to heating. As a result, the decrease in the catalytic activity is inhibited, and the extension of the life of the catalyst structure  1  can be achieved. 
     In addition, the catalyst structure  1  can be preferably used in the case where a reformed gas containing carbon dioxide and hydrogen is produced by both the partial oxidation reaction and the steam reforming reaction that use a reforming feedstock, for example, containing methanol. In this reaction system, a combustion reaction occurs due to the partial oxidation reaction, and thus, there has been conventionally a problem that the catalytic material tends to easily aggregate depending on a temperature history of high temperature, even under the presence of trace oxygen. However, with to the catalyst structure  1 , since the catalytic material  20  is included in the carrier  10 , it is less susceptible to heating and/or oxidation. Because of the above reason, using the catalyst structure  1 , it is possible to inhibit a decrease in the catalytic activity, and to prevent a decrease in the performance of a reformer that use the partial oxidation reaction and the steam reforming reaction together. 
     [Method for Producing Catalyst Structure] 
       FIG. 3  is a flow chart showing a method for producing the catalyst structure  1  of  FIG. 1A . Hereinafter, one example of methods for producing the catalyst structure will be described by taking a case where the catalytic material  20  existing in the carrier is a metal fine particle, as an example. 
     (Step S 1 : Preparation Step) 
     As is shown in  FIG. 3 , first, a precursor material (A) for obtaining a carrier of a porous structure composed of a zeolite type compound is prepared. The precursor material (A) is preferably a regular mesoporous substance, and can be appropriately selected depending on the type (composition) of the zeolite type compound forming the carrier of the catalyst structure. 
     Here, when the zeolite type compound forming the carrier of the catalyst structure is a silicate compound, it is preferable that the regular mesoporous substance is a compound formed of an Si—O framework. In the Si—O framework, pores having a pore diameter of 1 nm to 50 nm are regularly developed into one-dimensionally, two-dimensionally or three-dimensionally uniform sizes. Such a regular mesoporous substance can be obtained as various synthesized products depending on the synthesis conditions, and specific examples of the synthesized products include SBA-1, SBA-15, SBA-16, KIT-6, FSM-16 and MCM-41, and among the examples, the MCM-41 is preferable. The pore diameter of the SBA-1 is 10 nm to 30 nm, the pore diameter of the SBA-15 is 6 nm to 10 nm, the pore diameter of the SBA-16 is 6 nm, the pore diameter of the KIT-6 is 9 nm, the pore diameter of the FSM-16 is 3 nm to 5 nm, and the pore diameter of the MCM-41 is 1 nm to 10 nm. In addition, examples of such regular mesoporous substances include mesoporous silica, mesoporous aluminosilicate and mesoporous metallosilicate. 
     The precursor material (A) may be any one of a commercial product and a synthetic product. When the precursor material (A) is synthesized, a known method for synthesizing the regular mesoporous substance may be employed. For example, a mixed solution containing a feedstock containing constituent elements of the precursor material (A) and a molding agent for specifying a structure of the precursor material (A) are prepared, the pH is adjusted as needed, and hydrothermal treatment (hydrothermal synthesis) is performed. After the hydrothermal treatment, a precipitate (product) obtained by the hydrothermal treatment is collected (for example, filtrated), is washed and dried as needed, and is further baked to provide a precursor material (A) of a powdery regular mesoporous substance. Here, water, an organic solvent such as alcohol, a mixed solvent of water and the organic solvent, and the like, for example, can be used as a solvent of the mixed solution. In addition, the feedstock is selected depending on the type of the carrier, and includes, for example, a silica agent such as tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), fumed silica and quartz sand. In addition, various surface active agents, block copolymers and the like can be used as the molding agent, and it is preferable to select the molding agent depending on the type of the synthesized product of the regular mesoporous substance. For example, when producing the MCM-41, a surface active agent such as hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide is preferable. The hydrothermal treatment can be performed under treatment conditions, for example, of 80 to 800° C., 5 to 240 hours and 0 to 2000 kPa, in a closed container. The baking treatment can be performed under treatment conditions, for example, of 350 to 850° C. in the air, and 2 to 30 hours. 
     (Step S 2 : Impregnation Step) 
     Thereafter, the prepared precursor material (A) is impregnated with a metal-containing solution, and a precursor material (B) is obtained. 
     The metal-containing solution may be a solution containing a metal component (for example, metal ion) corresponding to a metal element (M) forming the metal fine particle, and can be prepared, for example, by dissolving a metal salt containing the metal element (M) in a solvent. Examples of such metal salts include chloride, hydroxide, oxide, sulfate and nitrate, and among the salts, the nitrate is preferable. As for the solvent, for example, water, an organic solvent such as alcohol, a mixed solvent of water and the organic solvent, or the like can be used. 
     A method for impregnating the precursor material (A) with the metal-containing solution is not limited in particular, but it is preferable, for example, to add the metal-containing solution little by little for a plurality of times while stirring the powdery precursor material (A) before a baking step. The baking step will be described later. In addition, from the viewpoint that the metal-containing solution more easily infiltrates into the insides of the pores of the precursor material (A), it is preferable that a surface active agent is previously added as an additive to the precursor material (A) before the metal-containing solution is added. It is considered that such an additive has a function of covering the outer surface of the precursor material (A) to inhibit the attachment of the metal-containing solution subsequently added to the outer surface of the precursor material (A), and that the metal-containing solution tends to easily infiltrate into the insides of the pores of the precursor material (A). 
     Examples of such additives include nonionic surface active agents such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers like polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, and polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ethers. It is considered that, since these surface active agents are large in a molecular size and cannot infiltrate into the pores of the precursor material (A), they do not attach to the interior of the pores, and do not prevent the metal-containing solution from infiltrating into the pores. As for a method for adding the nonionic surface active agent, it is preferable, for example, to add a nonionic surface active agent in an amount of 50 to 500 mass % with respect to the precursor material (A) before the baking step described below. When an amount of the nonionic surface active agent to be added with respect to the precursor material (A) is less than 50 mass %, the above described inhibiting effect is less likely to be exhibited, and when the nonionic surface active agent is added in an amount more than 500 mass % with respect to the precursor material (A), the viscosity excessively increases. Accordingly, both of the above cases are not preferable. Therefore, the amount of the nonionic surface active agent to be added with respect to the precursor material (A) is determined to be a value within the above described range. 
     In addition, it is preferable that the addition amount of the metal-containing solution to be added to the precursor material (A) is appropriately adjusted in consideration of the amount of the metal element (M) to be contained in the metal-containing solution with which the precursor material (A) is to be impregnated (in other words, amount of metal element (M) to be made to exist in precursor material (B)). For example, before the baking step described below, it is preferable to adjust the addition amount of the metal-containing solution to be added to the precursor material (A) so as to become 10 to 1000 in terms of a ratio (atomic ratio Si/M) of silicon (Si) forming the precursor material (A) with respect to the metal element (M) to be contained in the metal-containing solution to be added to the precursor material (A), and it is more preferable to adjust the addition amount to 50 to 200. For example, when a surface active agent is added to the precursor material (A) as an additive before the metal-containing solution is added to the precursor material (A), the addition amount of the metal-containing solution to be added to the precursor material (A) is set at 50 to 200 in terms of the atomic ratio Si/M, and due to the setting, the metal element (M) of the metal fine particle can be contained in an amount of 0.5 to 2.5 mass % with respect to the catalyst structure  1 . In a state of the precursor material (B), the amount of the metal element (M) existing in the inside of the pores is approximately proportional to the addition amount of the metal-containing solution to be added to the precursor material (A), as long as various conditions are the same, such as a metal concentration in the metal-containing solution, the presence or absence of the above described additives, and in addition, the temperature and pressure. In addition, the amount of the metal element (M) existing in the precursor material (B) is in proportional relation with the amount of the metal element forming the metal fine particle existing in the carrier of the catalyst structure. Accordingly, by controlling the addition amount of the metal-containing solution to be added to the precursor material (A) within the above described range, it is possible to sufficiently impregnate the inside of the pores of the precursor material (A) with the metal-containing solution, and consequently to adjust the amount of metal fine particles to be made to exist in the carrier of the catalyst structure. 
     After the precursor material (A) has been impregnated with the metal-containing solution, cleaning treatment may be performed, as needed. As for a cleaning solution, water, an organic solvent such as alcohol, a mixed solvent of water and the organic solvent, or the like can be used. In addition, after having impregnated the precursor material (A) with the metal-containing solution, and performing cleaning treatment as needed, it is preferable to subject the resultant precursor material (A) further to drying treatment. Examples of the drying treatment include natural drying for approximately one night, and high-temperature drying at 150° C. or lower. When the baking treatment described below is performed in such a state that a water content contained in the metal-containing solution and a water content of the cleaning solution remain much in the precursor material (A), the framework structure formed as the regular mesoporous substance of the precursor material (A) may be destroyed, and accordingly it is preferable to sufficiently dry the precursor material (A). 
     (Step S 3 : Baking Step) 
     Thereafter, the precursor material (A) for obtaining a carrier having a porous structure composed of a zeolite type compound is impregnated with the metal-containing solution to obtain the precursor material (B), and the precursor material (B) is baked to obtain the precursor material (C). 
     It is preferable to perform the baking treatment under treatment conditions, for example, of 350 to 850° C. in the air and 2 to 30 hours. By such baking treatment, the metal component impregnated in the pores of the regular mesoporous substance causes crystal growth, and a metal fine particle is formed in the pore. 
     (Step S 4 : Hydrothermal Treatment Step) 
     Thereafter, a mixed solution is prepared by mixing the precursor material (C) and a structure directing agent, and the precursor material (C) obtained by baking the above described precursor material (B) is subjected to hydrothermal treatment to provide a catalyst structure. 
     The structure directing agent is a molding agent for specifying the framework structure of the carrier of the catalyst structure, and a surface active agent, for example, can be used. It is preferable to select the structure directing agent depending on the framework structure of the carrier of the catalyst structure, and, for example, a surface active agent such as tetramethyl ammonium bromide (TMABr), tetraethyl ammonium bromide (TEABr) and tetrapropyl ammonium bromide (TPABr) is preferable. 
     Mixing of the precursor material (C) and the structure directing agent may be carried out during the present hydrothermal treatment step, or before the hydrothermal treatment step. In addition, a method for preparing the above described mixed solution is not limited in particular. The precursor material (C), the structure directing agent and the solvent may be mixed at the same time, or the precursor material (C) and the structure directing agent may be dispersed in solvents to form individual solutions, respectively, and then the respective dispersion solutions may be mixed with each other. As for the solvent, for example, water, an organic solvent such as alcohol, a mixed solvent of water and the organic solvent, or the like can be used. In addition, it is preferable to adjust the pH of the mixed solution by using an acid or a base before performing the hydrothermal treatment. 
     The hydrothermal treatment may be performed by a known method, and it is preferable to perform the treatment under treatment conditions, for example, of 80 to 800° C., 5 to 240 hours and 0 to 2000 kPa in a closed container. In addition, it is preferable that the hydrothermal treatment is performed in a basic atmosphere. 
     The reaction mechanism here is not necessarily clear. However, by performing the hydrothermal treatment using the precursor material (C) as a feedstock, the framework structure formed as the regular mesoporous substance of the precursor material (C) gradually collapses, but a new framework structure (porous structure) as the carrier of the catalyst structure is formed by an action of the structure directing agent, while the position of the metal fine particle inside the pore of the precursor material (C) is almost kept. The catalyst structure obtained in this manner has a carrier having a porous structure, and a metal fine particle existing in the carrier. Furthermore, due to the porous structure, the carrier has a channel allowing a plurality of pores to communicate with each other, and at least a part of the metal fine particle exists in the channel of the carrier. 
     In addition, in the present embodiment, in the above described hydrothermal treatment step, the mixed solution is prepared by mixing the precursor material (C) and the structure directing agent, and the precursor material (C) is subjected to the hydrothermal treatment. However, it is not limited thereto, and the precursor material (C) may be subjected to the hydrothermal treatment without mixing the precursor material (C) with the structure directing agent. 
     After the precipitate (catalyst structure) obtained after the hydrothermal treatment has been collected (for example, filtrated), it is preferable that the collected precipitate is subjected to cleaning treatment, drying treatment and baking treatment as needed. As for the cleaning solution, water, an organic solvent such as alcohol, a mixed solvent of water and the organic solvent, or the like can be used. Examples of the drying treatment include natural drying for approximately one night, and high-temperature drying at 150° C. or lower. If the baking treatment is performed with much water remaining in the precipitate, the framework structure as the carrier of the catalyst structure may break, and thus, it is preferable to sufficiently dry the precipitate. In addition, the baking treatment can be performed under treatment conditions of, for example, 350 to 850° C. in the air, and 2 to 30 hours. By such baking treatment, the structure directing agent having attached to the catalyst structure is burned off. In addition, depending on the purpose of use, the catalyst structure can be used as it is, without subjecting the precipitate after collection to the baking treatment. For example, when the environment for the catalyst structure to be used is a high-temperature environment of an oxidizing atmosphere, the structure directing agent is burned off by being exposed to the use environment for a certain period of time. In this case, a catalyst structure similar to the case where the precipitate has been subjected to the baking treatment can be obtained, and accordingly it is not necessary to perform the baking treatment. 
     The above described production method is one example in the case where the metal element (M) contained in the metal-containing solution with which the precursor material (A) is to be impregnated is a metal species resistant to oxidation (for example, noble metal). 
     In a case where the metal element (M) contained in the metal-containing solution with which the precursor material (A) is to be impregnated is a metal species that tends to be easily oxidized (for example, Fe, Co, Ni or the like), it is preferable to subject the hydrothermally treated precursor material (C), after the above described hydrothermal treatment step, to reduction treatment (step S 5 : reduction treatment step). In a case where the metal element (M) contained in the metal-containing solution is a metal species that that tends to be easily oxidized, the metal component is oxidized by the heat treatments in the steps (steps S 3  to S 4 ) after the impregnation treatment (step S 2 ). Because of the above reason, the carrier formed in the hydrothermal treatment step (step S 4 ) has a metal oxide fine particle existing therein. Because of the above reason, in order to obtain a catalyst structure having a metal fine particle existing in the carrier, after the hydrothermal treatment, it is desirable to subject the collected precipitate to the baking treatment, and further to subject the resultant precipitate to reduction treatment under an atmosphere of a reducing gas such as a hydrogen gas. By being subjected to the reduction treatment, the metal oxide fine particle existing in the carrier is reduced, and the metal fine particle corresponding to the metal element (M) forming the metal oxide fine particle is formed. As a result, a catalyst structure having the metal fine particle existing in the carrier is obtained. Such reduction treatment may be performed as needed. For example, when an environment where the catalyst structure is used is a reductive atmosphere, the metal oxide fine particle is reduced by being exposed to a use environment for a certain period of time. In this case, a catalyst structure similar to the case where the carrier has been subjected to the reduction treatment can be obtained, and thus, it is not necessary to perform the reduction treatment. 
     Modified Example of Catalyst Structure  1   
       FIG. 4  is a schematic view showing a modified example of the catalyst structure  1  of  FIG. 1A . 
     The catalyst structure  1  of  FIG. 1A  has the carrier  10  and the catalytic material  20  existing in the carrier  10 , but it is not limited to this configuration. For example, as is shown in  FIG. 4 , the catalyst structure  2  may further have at least one other catalytic material  30  held at an outer surface  10   a  of the carrier  10 . 
     The catalytic material  30  is a substance exhibiting one or a plurality of catalytic abilities. The catalytic ability of the other catalytic material  30  may be the same as or different from the catalytic ability of the catalytic material  20 . In addition, when both of the catalytic materials  20  and  30  are substances having the same catalytic ability, a material of the other catalytic material  30  may be the same as or different from a material of the catalytic material  20 . According to the present configuration, it is possible to increase the content of the catalytic material held by the catalyst structure  2 , and to further promote the catalytic activity of the catalytic material. 
     In this case, it is preferable that the content of the catalytic material  20  existing in the carrier  10  is greater than the content of the other catalytic material  30  held at the outer surface  10   a  of the carrier  10 . Due to the above configuration, the catalytic ability of the catalytic material  20  held in the inside of the carrier  10  becomes dominant, and the catalytic ability of the catalytic material is stably exhibited. 
     In the above description, the catalyst structure according to the embodiment of the present disclosure has been described, but the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be modified and changed in various ways on the basis of the technological idea of the present disclosure. 
     For example, a synthesis gas producing apparatus equipped with the above described catalyst structure may be provided. Examples of a producing apparatus include a CO 2  reforming plant by dry reforming. The catalyst structure can be used for a catalytic reaction using such a synthesis gas producing apparatus. 
     Specifically, it is possible to synthesize the synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen by supplying carbon dioxide and methane to the above described catalyst structure, and it is possible to show an effect similar to the above description, for example, by using the above described catalyst structure in the synthesis gas producing apparatus, and subjecting carbon dioxide and methane to synthesis treatment in the above described synthesis gas producing apparatus. 
     In addition, a reforming apparatus equipped with the above described catalyst structure may be provided. Specifically, examples of the reforming apparatus include a fuel reforming apparatus using a steam reforming reaction, a reforming apparatus of a type targeting electric vehicles and portable fuel cell power generators and using the partial oxidation reaction and the steam reforming reaction together, and a stationary fuel cell such as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). The above described catalyst structure can be used for a catalytic reaction using such apparatuses. 
     Specifically, it is possible to synthesize a reformed gas containing hydrogen by supplying a hydrocarbon (for example, reforming feedstock containing hydrocarbon) and steam to the above described catalyst structure, and is possible to show an effect similar to the above description, for example, by using the above described catalyst structure in the above described reforming apparatus, and subjecting the reforming feedstock containing the hydrocarbon to reforming treatment in the above described reforming apparatus. 
     EXAMPLES 
     Examples 1 to 384 
     [Synthesis of Precursor Material (A)] 
     A mixed aqueous solution was prepared by mixing a silica agent (tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), made by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and a surface active agent functioning as a molding agent, appropriately adjusting the pH, and subjecting the resultant solution to hydrothermal treatment at 80 to 350° C. for 100 hours in a closed container. After the hydrothermal treatment, the produced precipitate was filtered off, was cleaned with water and ethanol, and was further baked at 600° C. for 24 hours in the air, and precursor materials (A) having the types and the pore diameters shown in Tables 1-1 to 8-2 were obtained. The following surface active agents were used depending on the type of the precursor material (A) (“type of precursor material (A): surface active agent”).
         MCM-41: hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) (made by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)   SBA-1: Pluronic P123 (made by BASF SE)       

     [Preparation of Precursor Materials (B) and (C)] 
     Thereafter, depending on the metal element (M) forming the metal fine particle of the type shown in Tables 1-1 to 8-2, a metal salt containing the metal element (M) was dissolved in water to prepare a metal-containing aqueous solution. The following metal salts were used depending on the type of the metal fine particle (“metal fine particle: metal salt”).
         Co: cobalt nitrate (II) hexahydrate (made by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)   Ni: nickel nitrate (II) hexahydrate (made by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)   Fe: iron (III) nitrate nonahydrate (made by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)   Pt: chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate (made by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)       

     Thereafter, the precursor material (B) was obtained by adding a metal-containing aqueous solution to the powdery precursor material (A) little by little for a plurality of times, and drying the resultant precursor material at room temperature (20° C.±10° C.) for 12 hours or longer. 
     In the case where the conditions for the presence or absence of additives shown in Tables 1-1 to 8-2 were “present”, the precursor material (A) before the metal-containing aqueous solution was added was subjected to a pretreatment of adding an aqueous solution of polyoxyethylene (15) oleyl ether (NIKKOL BO-15V, made by Nikko Chemicals Co., Ltd.) as an additive, and then the metal-containing aqueous solution was added to the precursor material (A) as described above. When the condition of the presence or absence of the additive was “absent”, the pretreatment by the above described additive was not performed. 
     In addition, the addition amount of the metal-containing aqueous solution to be added to the precursor material (A) was adjusted so that a numeric value in terms of a ratio (atomic ratio Si/M) of silicon (Si) forming the precursor material (A) to the metal element (M) contained in the metal-containing aqueous solution became each value in Tables 1-1 to 8-2. 
     Thereafter, a precursor material (C) was obtained by baking the precursor material (B) impregnated with the metal-containing aqueous solution obtained as described above, at 600° C. for 24 hours in the air. 
     A mixed aqueous solution was prepared by mixing the precursor material (C) obtained as described above and the structure directing agent shown in Tables 1-1 to 8-2, and was subjected to hydrothermal treatment in a closed container on conditions of 80 to 350° C., and a pH and a time period shown in Tables 1-1 to 8-2. After the hydrothermal treatment, the produced precipitate was filtered off, washed, dried at 100° C. for 12 hours or longer, and further baked at 600° C. for 24 hours in the air. In Examples 1 to 384, after the baking treatment, the baked product was collected and subjected to reduction treatment at 500° C. for 60 minutes under a flow of hydrogen gas, and consequently, catalyst structures having carriers and the metal fine particles shown in Tables 1-1 to 8-2 were obtained. 
     Comparative Example 1 
     In Comparative Example 1, a catalyst structure having cobalt fine particles attached on the outer surface of silicalite functioning as the carrier, as the catalytic material, by mixing a cobalt oxide powder (II and III) (made by Sigma-Aldrich Japan) having an average particle diameter of 50 nm or less in MFI type silicalite, and subjecting the mixture to hydrogen reduction treatment in a similar way to those in the Examples. The MFI type silicalite was synthesized according to a method similar to those in Examples 52 to 57, except for the step of adding metal. 
     Comparative Example 2 
     In Comparative Example 2, an MFI type silicalite was synthesized in a similar method to that in Comparative Example 1, except that the step of attaching the cobalt fine particles was omitted. 
     Comparative Example 3 
     In Comparative Example 3, nickel fine particles were carried on Al 2 O 3  by an impregnation method. 
     Specifically, Ni/Al 2 O 3  was obtained by dissolving 0.2477 g of Ni(NO 3 )/6H 2 O (made by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) in 5 g of distilled water, mixing the solution with 5 g of Al 2 O 3  (made by Wako), heating the mixture at 800° C. for 2 hours, and subjecting the resultant mixture to hydrogen reduction treatment in a similar way to that in the Example. 
     [Evaluation] 
     Concerning the catalyst structures of Examples 1 to 384 and the silicalite of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, various characteristics were evaluated under the following conditions. 
     [A-1] Cross Section Observation 
     Concerning the catalyst structures of Examples 1 to 384 and the silicalite of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, observation samples were prepared with a pulverization method, and the respective cross sections were observed using a transmission electron microscope (TEM) (TITAN G2, made by FEI). 
     As a result, it was confirmed that in the catalyst structures of the above described Examples, the catalytic material exists in the inside of the carrier composed of silicalite or zeolite, and was held by the carrier. On the other hand, as for the silica lite of Comparative Example 1, the metal fine particles attached only to the outer surface of the carrier, and did not exist in the inside of the carrier. 
     In addition, concerning the catalyst structure where metal is iron fine particle (Fe), in the above described Examples, the cross section was cut out by FIB (focused ion beam) processing, and elements on a cross section were analyzed using SEM (SU8020, made by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation), and EDX (X-Max, made by Horiba, Ltd.). As a result, Fe element was detected from the inside of the carrier. 
     From the results of the cross section observation by TEM and SEM/EDX, it was confirmed that the iron fine particle exists in the inside of the carrier. 
     [B-1] Average Inner Diameter of Channel in Carrier and Average Particle Diameter of Catalytic Material 
     In the TEM image photographed in the cross section observation performed in the above described evaluation [A-1], 500 channels in the carrier were arbitrarily selected, and respective major and minor axes were measured. From average values thereof, respective inner diameters were calculated (N=500), and further, an average value of the inner diameters was determined and taken as an average inner diameter D F  of the channels in the carrier. In addition, also for the catalytic material, similarly, 500 catalytic materials were arbitrarily selected in the above described TEM image, the respective particle diameters were measured (N=500), and an average value was determined and taken as an average particle diameter D C  of the catalytic materials. The results are shown in Tables 1-1 to 8-2. 
     In addition, in order to check the average particle diameter and dispersed state of the catalytic material, an analysis was performed using SAXS (small angle X-ray scattering). Measurement by SAXS was performed using beam line BL19B2 of Spring-8. The obtained SAXS data was subjected to fitting with a spherical model by the Guinier approximation method, and the particle diameter was calculated. The particle diameter was measured for a catalyst structure where the metal is an iron fine particle. In addition, as a comparison object, iron fine particles (made by Wako) of a commercial product were observed and measured with SEM. 
     As a result, in the commercial product, iron fine particles having various sizes exist at random in a range of particle diameters of approximately 50 nm to 400 nm, but on the other hand, in the catalyst structure of each of the Examples having an average particle diameter of 1.2 nm to 2.0 nm determined from the TEM images, a scattering peak was detected for the particle diameters of 10 nm or less also in the SAXS measurement result. From the measurement results of SAXS and the measurement results of the cross sections by SEM/EDX, it was found that the catalytic materials having particle diameters of 10 nm or less exist in a uniform and very highly dispersed state in the inside of the carrier. 
     [C-1] Relationship Between Addition Amount of Metal-Containing Solution and Amount of Metal Included in Inside of Carrier 
     Catalyst structures including the metal fine particles in the insides of the carriers were prepared with the addition amount of atomic ratios being Si/M=50, 100, 200 and 1000 (M=Co, Ni, Fe and Pt), and then amounts (mass %) of the metals included in the insides of the carriers of the catalyst structures prepared in the above described addition amounts were measured. In the present measurement, the catalyst structures having atomic ratios Si/M=100, 200 and 1000 were prepared by adjusting the addition amount of the metal-containing solution in a similar method to that of the catalyst structures having atomic ratios Si/M=100, 200 and 1000 in Examples 1 to 384, respectively, and the catalyst structure having an atomic ratio Si/M=50 was prepared in a similar method to that of the catalyst structures having atomic ratios Si/M=100, 200 and 1000, except that the addition amount of the metal-containing solution was made to be different. 
     The amount of metal was quantified by ICP (High Frequency Inductively Coupled Plasma) alone or by a combination of ICP and XRF (fluorescent X-ray analysis). The XRF (Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Analyzer “SEA 1200 VX”, made by Hitachi High-Tech Science Corporation) was performed in a vacuum atmosphere on such a condition that an accelerating voltage was 15 kV (using Cr filter) or an accelerating voltage was 50 kV (using Pb filter). 
     The XRF is a method of calculating the abundance of metal by fluorescence intensity, and it is not possible to calculate a quantitative value (in terms of mass %) by the XRF alone. Then, the amount of metal in the catalyst structure whereto metal is added at a ratio of Si/M=100 was quantified by ICP analysis, and the amount of metal in the catalyst structure whereto metal is added at a ratio of Si/M=50 and less than 100 was determined on the basis of the XRF measurement result and the ICP measurement result. 
     As a result, it was confirmed that the amount of the metal included in the catalyst structure has increased along with an increase of the addition amount of the metal-containing solution, at least within such a range that the atomic ratio Si/M is 50 to 1000. 
     [D-1] Performance Evaluation 
     Concerning the catalyst structures of Examples 1 to 384 and the silicalite of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the catalytic ability of the catalytic material was evaluated. The results are shown in Tables 1-1 to 8-2. 
     (1-1) Catalytic Activity 
     The catalytic activity was evaluated under the following conditions. 
     Firstly, 0.2 g of the catalyst structure was filled in a normal pressure flow type reaction apparatus, and using nitrogen gas (N2) as a carrier gas (5 ml/min), a decomposition reaction of butylbenzene (model substance of heavy oil) was performed at 400° C. for 2 hours. 
     After the reaction has finished, the collected produced gas and produced liquid were subjected to a component analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). TRACE 1310 GC (made by Thermo Fisher Scientific K.K., detector: thermal conductivity detector) was used as an analysis apparatus for the produced gas, and TRACE DSQ (made by Thermo Fisher Scientific Co., Ltd., detector: mass detector, and ionization method: EI (ion source temperature of 250° C., MS transfer line temperature of 320° C., and detector: thermal conductivity detector)) was used as the analysis apparatus for the produced liquid. 
     Furthermore, on the basis of the result of the above described component analysis, yields (mol %) of compounds having molecular weights less than that of butylbenzene (specifically, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, styrene, cumene, methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, butane, butene and the like) were determined. The yields of the above described compounds were calculated as a percentage (mol %) of the total amount (mol) of substance quantities of the compounds having molecular weights less than that of butylbenzene contained in the produced liquid, with respect to the substance quantity (mol) of butylbenzene before the start of the reaction. 
     In the present example, the Example was determined to be excellent in the catalytic activity (resolution) when the yield of the compounds having molecular weights less than that of the butylbenzene contained in the produced liquid was 40 mol % or more, and expressed as “Excellent”, the Example was determined to have good catalytic activity when the yield was 25 mol % or more and less than 40 mol %, and expressed as “Good”, the Example was determined not to have good catalytic activity but to have the catalytic activity in a passing level (acceptable) when the yield was 10 mol % or more and less than 25 mol %, and expressed by “Fair”, and the Example was determined to be inferior (unacceptable) in the catalytic activity when the yield was less than 10 mol %, and expressed as “Poor”. 
     (2-1) Durability (Life) 
     Durability was evaluated under the following conditions. 
     Firstly, the catalyst structure used in the evaluation (1-1) was collected, and was heated at 650° C. for 12 hours, and a catalyst structure after heating was prepared. Thereafter, using the obtained catalyst structure after heating, a decomposition reaction of butylbenzene (model substance of heavy oil) was performed according to a method similar to that in the evaluation (1-1), and component analyses of a produced gas and a produced liquid were performed according to methods similar to those in the above described evaluation (1-1). 
     Yields (mol %) of compounds having molecular weights less than that of butylbenzene were determined according to a method similar to that in the evaluation (1), on the basis of the obtained analysis results. Furthermore, it was compared how much the yield of the above described compounds by the catalyst structure after heating was kept as compared to the yield (yield determined in the evaluation (1)) of the above described compounds by the catalyst structure before heating. Specifically, a percentage (%) of the yield (yield determined in evaluation (2-1)) of the above described compounds by the above described catalyst structure after heating, with respect to the yield (yield determined in evaluation (1-1)) of the above described compounds by the catalyst structure before heating was calculated. 
     In the present example, the Example was determined to be excellent in the durability (heat resistance) when the yield of the above described compounds by the catalyst structure after heating (yield determined in evaluation (2-1)) was kept at 80% or more as compared to the yield of the above described compounds by the catalyst structure before heating (yield determined in evaluation (1-1)), and expressed as “Excellent”, the Example was determined to have good durability (heat resistance) when the yield was kept at 60% or more and less than 80%, and expressed as “Good”, the Example was determined not to have good durability (heat resistance) but to have durability in a passing level (acceptable) when the yield was kept at 40% or more and less than 60%, and expressed as “Fair”, and the Example was determined to be inferior (unacceptable) in the durability (heat resistance) when the yield decreased to less than 40%, and expressed as “Poor”. 
     For Comparative Examples 1 and 2, performance evaluations similar to those in the above described evaluations (1-1) and (2-1) were also performed. Comparative Example 2 is a carrier itself, and does not have a catalytic material. Because of the above reason, in the above described performance evaluation, only the carrier of Comparative Example 2 was filled instead of the catalyst structure. The result is shown in Tables 8-1 and 8-2. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1-1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Con-  
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure  
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 version 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                 Catalytic material 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio 
                 treatment 
                 Zeolite type  
                 Metal fine  
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 of 
                 condition 
                 compound 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 amount  
                 using precursor 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Pre- 
                 of added 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 sence 
                 metal- 
                 Type 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 or 
                 containing 
                 of 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 Performance 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 absence 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 diameter 
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 of 
                 (atomic 
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C   
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic  
                   
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 ratio) Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 Durability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 1 
                 MCM- 
                 1.3 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TEABr 
                 12 
                 120 
                 FAU 
                 0.74 
                 Co 
                 0.11 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 2 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.32 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 3 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.53 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 4 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.06 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 5 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.59 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 6 
                   
                 2.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.90 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 7 
                   
                 2.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.11 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 8 
                   
                 3.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.64 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 9 
                   
                 6.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 5.29 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 10 
                 SBA- 
                 13.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 10.57 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 11 
                 1 
                 19.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 15.86 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 12 
                   
                 26.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 21.14 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 13 
                 MCM- 
                 1.3 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.11 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 14 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.32 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 15 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.53 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 16 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.06 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 17 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.59 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 18 
                   
                 2.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.90 
                 2.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 19 
                   
                 2.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.11 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 20 
                   
                 3.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.64 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 21 
                   
                 6.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 5.29 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 22 
                 SBA- 
                 13.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 10.57 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 23 
                 1 
                 19.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 15.86 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 24 
                   
                 26.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 21.14 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1-2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Con-  
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure  
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 version 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                 Catalytic material 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio 
                 treatment  
                 Zeolite type  
                 Metal fine  
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 of 
                 condition 
                 compound 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 amount  
                 using precursor 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Pre- 
                 of added 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 sence 
                 metal- 
                 Type 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 or 
                 containing 
                 of 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 Performance 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 absence 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 diameter 
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 of 
                 (atomic 
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C   
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic  
                   
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 ratio) Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 Durability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 25 
                 MCM- 
                 1.1 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TEABr 
                 11 
                 72 
                 MTW 
                 0.61 
                 Co 
                 0.09 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 26 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.26 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 27 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.44 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 28 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.87 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 29 
                   
                 1.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.31 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 30 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.57 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 31 
                   
                 2.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.74 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 32 
                   
                 2.7 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.18 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 33 
                   
                 5.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.36 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 34 
                 SBA- 
                 10.9 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.71 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 35 
                 1 
                 16.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 13.07 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 36 
                   
                 21.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 17.43 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 37 
                 MCM- 
                 1.1 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.09 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 38 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.26 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 39 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.44 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 40 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.87 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 41 
                   
                 1.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.31 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 42 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.57 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 43 
                   
                 2.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.74 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 44 
                   
                 2.7 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.18 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 45 
                   
                 5.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.36 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 46 
                 SBA- 
                 10.9 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.71 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 47 
                 1 
                 16.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 13.07 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 48 
                   
                 21.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 17.43 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 2-1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Con-  
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure  
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 version 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                 Catalytic material 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio 
                 treatment  
                 Zeolite type  
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 of 
                 condition 
                 compound 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 amount  
                 using precursor 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Pre- 
                 of added 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 sence 
                 metal- 
                 Type 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 or 
                 containing 
                 of 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 Performance 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 absence 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 diameter 
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 of 
                 (atomic 
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C   
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic  
                   
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 ratio) Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 Durability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 49 
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TPABr 
                 12 
                 72 
                 MFI 
                 0.56 
                 Co 
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 50 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 51 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 0.40 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 52 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 0.80 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 53 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 1.20 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 54 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 1.44 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 55 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 1.60 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 56 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 2.00 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 57 
                   
                 5.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 4.00 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 58 
                 SBA- 
                 10.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 8.00 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 59 
                 1 
                 15.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 12.00 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 60 
                   
                 20.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 16.00 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 61 
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 62 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 63 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 0.40 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 64 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 0.80 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 65 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 1.20 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 66 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 1.44 
                 2.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 67 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 1.60 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 68 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 2.00 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 69 
                   
                 5.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 4.00 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 70 
                 SBA- 
                 10.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 8.00 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 71 
                 1 
                 15.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 12.00 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 72 
                   
                 20.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 16.00 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 2-2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Con- 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure  
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 version  
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                 Catalytic material 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio 
                 treatment  
                 Zeolite type  
                 Metal fine  
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 of 
                 condition 
                 compound 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 amount  
                 using precursor 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Pre- 
                 of added 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 sence 
                 metal- 
                 Type 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 or 
                 containing 
                 of 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 Performance 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 absence 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 diameter 
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 of 
                 (atomic 
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C   
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic  
                   
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 ratio) Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 Durability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 73 
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TMABr 
                 12 
                 120 
                 FER 
                 0.57 
                 Co 
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 74 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 75 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 0.41 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 76 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 0.81 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 77 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 78 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 1.47 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 79 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 1.63 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 80 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 2.04 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 81 
                   
                 5.1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 4.07 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 82 
                 SBA- 
                 10.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 8.14 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 83 
                 1 
                 15.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 12.21 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 84 
                   
                 20.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 16.29 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 85 
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 86 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 87 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 0.41 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 88 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 0.81 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 87 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 90 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 1.47 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 91 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 1.63 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 92 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 2.04 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 93 
                   
                 5.1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 4.07 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 94 
                 SBA- 
                 10.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 8.14 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 95 
                 1 
                 15.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 12.21 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 96 
                   
                 20.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 16.29 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 3-1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Con-  
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure  
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 version 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                 Catalytic material 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio 
                 treatment  
                 Zeolite type  
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 of 
                 condition 
                 compound 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 amount  
                 using precursor 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Pre- 
                 of added 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 sence 
                 metal- 
                 Type 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 or 
                 containing 
                 of 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 Performance 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 absence 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 diameter 
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 of 
                 (atomic 
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C   
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic  
                   
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 ratio) Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 Durability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 97 
                 MCM- 
                 1.3 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TEABr 
                 12 
                 120 
                 FAU 
                 0.74 
                 Ni 
                 0.11 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 98 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.32 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 99 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.53 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 100 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.06 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 101 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.59 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 102 
                   
                 2.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.90 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 103 
                   
                 2.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.11 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 104 
                   
                 3.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.64 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 105 
                   
                 6.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 5.29 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 106 
                 SBA- 
                 13.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 10.57 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 107 
                 1 
                 19.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 15.86 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 108 
                   
                 26.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 21.14 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 109 
                 MCM- 
                 1.3 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.11 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 110 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.32 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 111 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.53 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 112 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.06 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 113 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.59 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 114 
                   
                 2.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.90 
                 2.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 115 
                   
                 2.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.11 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 116 
                   
                 3.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.64 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 117 
                   
                 6.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 5.29 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 118 
                 SBA- 
                 13.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 10.57 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 119 
                 1 
                 19.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 15.86 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 120 
                   
                 26.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 21.14 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 3-2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Con-  
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure  
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 version 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                 Catalytic material 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio 
                 treatment  
                 Zeolite type 
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 of 
                 condition 
                 compound 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 amount  
                 using precursor 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Pre- 
                 of added 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 sence 
                 metal- 
                 Type 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 or 
                 containing 
                 of 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 Performance 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 absence 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 diameter 
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 of 
                 (atomic 
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C   
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic  
                   
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 ratio) Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 Durability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 121 
                 MCM- 
                 1.1 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TEABr 
                 11 
                 72 
                 MTW 
                 0.61 
                 Ni 
                 0.09 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 122 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.26 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 123 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.44 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 124 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.87 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 125 
                   
                 1.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.31 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 126 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.57 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 127 
                   
                 2.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.74 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 128 
                   
                 2.7 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.18 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 129 
                   
                 5.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.36 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 130 
                 SBA- 
                 10.9 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.71 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 131 
                 1 
                 16.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 13.07 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 132 
                   
                 21.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 17.43 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 133 
                 MCM- 
                 1.1 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.09 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 134 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.26 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 135 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.44 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 136 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.87 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 137 
                   
                 1.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.31 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 138 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.57 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 139 
                   
                 2.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.74 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 140 
                   
                 2.7 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.18 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 141 
                   
                 5.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.36 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 142 
                 SBA- 
                 10.9 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.71 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 143 
                 1 
                 16.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 13.07 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 144 
                   
                 21.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 17.43 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 4-1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Con-  
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure  
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 version 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                 Catalytic material 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio 
                 treatment  
                 Zeolite type  
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 of 
                 condition 
                 compound 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 amount  
                 using precursor 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Pre- 
                 of added 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 sence 
                 metal- 
                 Type 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 or 
                 containing 
                 of 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 Performance 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 absence 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 diameter 
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 of 
                 (atomic 
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C   
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic  
                   
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 ratio) Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 Durability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 145 
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TPABr 
                 12 
                 72 
                 MFI 
                 0.56 
                 Ni 
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 146 
                 41 
                 1.0 
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 147 
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.40 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 148 
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.80 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 149 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.20 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 150 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.44 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 151 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.60 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 152 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.00 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 153 
                   
                 5.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.00 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 154 
                 SBA- 
                 10.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.00 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 155 
                 1 
                 15.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.00 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 156 
                   
                 20.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.00 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 157 
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 158 
                 41 
                 1.0 
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 159 
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.40 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 160 
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.80 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 161 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.20 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 162 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.44 
                 2.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 163 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.60 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 164 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.00 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 165 
                   
                 5.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.00 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 166 
                 SBA- 
                 10.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.00 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 167 
                 1 
                 15.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.00 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 168 
                   
                 20.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.00 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 4-2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Con-  
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure  
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 version 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                 Catalytic material 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio 
                 treatment  
                 Zeolite type  
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 of 
                 condition 
                 compound 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 amount  
                 using precursor 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Pre- 
                 of added 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 sence 
                 metal- 
                 Type 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 or 
                 containing 
                 of 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 Performance 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 absence 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 diameter 
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 of 
                 (atomic 
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C   
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic  
                   
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 ratio) Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 Durability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 169 
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TMABr 
                 12 
                 120 
                 FER 
                 0.57 
                 Ni 
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 170 
                 41 
                 1.0 
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 171 
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.41 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 172 
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.81 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 173 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 174 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.47 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 175 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.63 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 176 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.04 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 177 
                   
                 5.1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.07 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 178 
                 SBA- 
                 10.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.14 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 179 
                 1 
                 15.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.21 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 180 
                   
                 20.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.29 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 181 
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 182 
                 41 
                 1.0 
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 183 
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.41 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 184 
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.81 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 185 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 186 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.47 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 187 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.63 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 188 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.04 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 189 
                   
                 5.1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.07 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 190 
                 SBA- 
                 10.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.14 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 191 
                 1 
                 15.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.21 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 192 
                   
                 20.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.29 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 5-1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Con- 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure  
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 version  
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                 Catalytic material 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio 
                 treatment 
                 Zeolite type 
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 of 
                 condition 
                 compound 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 amount  
                 using precursor 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Pre- 
                 of added 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 sence 
                 metal- 
                 Type 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 or 
                 containing 
                 of 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 Performance 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 absence 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 diameter 
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 of 
                 (atomic 
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C   
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic  
                   
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 ratio) Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 Durability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 193 
                 MCM- 
                 1.3 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TEABr 
                 12 
                 120 
                 FAU 
                 0.74 
                 Fe 
                 0.11 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 194 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.32 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 195 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.53 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 196 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.06 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 197 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.59 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 198 
                   
                 2.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.90 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 199 
                   
                 2.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.11 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 200 
                   
                 3.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.64 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 201 
                   
                 6.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 5.29 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 202 
                 SBA- 
                 13.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 10.57 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 203 
                 1 
                 19.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 15.86 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 204 
                   
                 26.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 21.14 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 205 
                 MCM- 
                 1.3 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.11 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 206 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.32 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 207 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.53 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 208 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.06 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 209 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.59 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 210 
                   
                 2.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.90 
                 2.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 211 
                   
                 2.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.11 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 212 
                   
                 3.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.64 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 213 
                   
                 6.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 5.29 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 214 
                 SBA- 
                 13.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 10.57 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 215 
                 1 
                 19.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 15.86 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 216 
                   
                 26.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 21.14 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 5-2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Con-  
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure  
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 version 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                 Catalytic material 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio 
                 treatment  
                 Zeolite type 
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 of 
                 condition 
                 compound 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 amount  
                 using precursor 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Pre- 
                 of added 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 sence 
                 metal- 
                 Type 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 or 
                 containing 
                 of 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 Performance 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 absence 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 diameter 
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 of 
                 (atomic 
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C   
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic  
                   
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 ratio) Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 Durability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 217 
                 MCM- 
                 1.1 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TEABr 
                 11 
                 72 
                 MTW 
                 0.61 
                 Fe 
                 0.09 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 218 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.26 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 219 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.44 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 220 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.87 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 221 
                   
                 1.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.31 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 222 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.57 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 223 
                   
                 2.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.74 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 224 
                   
                 2.7 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.18 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 225 
                   
                 5.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.36 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 226 
                 SBA- 
                 10.9 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.71 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 227 
                 1 
                 16.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 13.07 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 228 
                   
                 21.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 17.43 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 229 
                 MCM- 
                 1.1 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.09 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 230 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.26 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 231 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.44 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 232 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.87 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 233 
                   
                 1.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.31 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 234 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.57 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 235 
                   
                 2.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.74 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 236 
                   
                 2.7 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.18 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 237 
                   
                 5.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.36 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 238 
                 SBA- 
                 10.9 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.71 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 239 
                 1 
                 16.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 13.07 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 240 
                   
                 21.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 17.43 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 6-1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to  
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Conversion  
                 treatment 
                 Carrier 
                 Catalytic 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio of 
                 condition 
                 Zeolite type  
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 amount of  
                 using precursor 
                 compound 
                 Metal fine  
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                   
                 added metal 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 Average 
                 particle 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material 
                   
                 contain- 
                 Type of 
                   
                   
                   
                 inner 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                 Performance 
               
               
                   
                 (A) 
                 Presence  
                 ing solu- 
                 struc- 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter  
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 or 
                 tion 
                 ture 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 dia- 
                   
                 Cata- 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 dia- 
                 absence 
                 (atomic 
                 direc- 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 channel  
                   
                 meter  
                   
                 lytic 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 meter 
                 of 
                 ratio) 
                 ting 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C    
                 D C / 
                 acti- 
                   
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D F   
                 vity 
                 Durability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example  
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TPABr 
                 12 
                 72 
                 MFI 
                 0.56 
                 Fe 
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 241 
                 41 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 242 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.40 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 243 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.80 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 244 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.20 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 245 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.44 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 246 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.60 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 247 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.00 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 248 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 5.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.00 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 249 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 SBA- 
                 10.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.00 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 250 
                 1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 15.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.00 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 251 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 20.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.00 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 252 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 253 
                 41 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 254 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.40 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 255 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.80 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 256 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.20 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 257 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.44 
                 2.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 258 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.60 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 259 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.00 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 260 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 5.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.00 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 261 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 SBA- 
                 10.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.00 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 262 
                 1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 15.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.00 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 263 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 20.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.00 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 264 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 6-2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 Hydrothermal treat- 
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Conversion  
                 ment condition  
                 Zeolite type  
                 Catalytic 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio 
                 using precursor 
                 compound 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 of amount 
                 material (C)  
                   
                 Average 
                 Metal fine  
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 of added  
                 Type 
                   
                   
                   
                 inner 
                 particle 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 Pre- 
                 metal- 
                 of 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 sence 
                 containing 
                 struc- 
                   
                   
                   
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 or 
                 solution 
                 ture 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 chan- 
                   
                 dia-  
                   
                 Performance 
               
               
                   
                   
                 dia- 
                 absence 
                 (atomic 
                 direc- 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 nel 
                   
                 meter 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 meter 
                 of 
                 ratio)  
                 ting 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C   
                   
                 Catalytic 
                 Dura- 
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D C /D F   
                 activity 
                 bility 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 265 
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TMABr 
                 12 
                 120 
                 FER 
                 0.57 
                 Fe 
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 266 
                 41  
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 267 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.41 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 268 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.81 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 269 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 270 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.47 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 271 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.63 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 272 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.04 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 273 
                   
                 5.1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.07 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 274 
                 SBA- 
                 10.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.14 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 275 
                 1  
                 15.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.21 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 276 
                   
                 20.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.29 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 277 
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 278 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 279 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.41 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 280 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.81 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 281 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 282 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.47 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 283 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.63 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 284 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.04 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 285 
                   
                 5.1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.07 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 286 
                 SBA- 
                 10.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.14 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 287 
                 1  
                 15.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.21 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 288 
                   
                 20.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.29 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 7-1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precur- 
                 Hydrothermal 
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 sor material (A) 
                 treat- 
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Conversion 
                 ment condition  
                 Zeolite type  
                 Catalytic 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio 
                 using precursor 
                 compound 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 of amount 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 Average 
                 Metal fine  
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Pre- 
                 of added 
                 Type  
                   
                   
                   
                 inner 
                 particle 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 sence 
                 metal- 
                 of 
                   
                   
                   
                 dia- 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 or 
                 containing 
                 struc- 
                   
                   
                   
                 meter 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 ab- 
                 solution 
                 ture 
                   
                   
                   
                 of chan- 
                   
                 dia-  
                   
                 Performance 
               
               
                   
                   
                 dia- 
                 sence 
                 (atomic 
                 direc- 
                   
                 Time 
                 Frame- 
                 nel 
                   
                 meter 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 meter 
                 of 
                 ratio) 
                 ting 
                   
                 period 
                 work 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C   
                   
                 Catalytic 
                   
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 Structure 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D C /D F   
                 activity 
                 Durability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 289 
                 MCM- 
                 1.3 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TEABr 
                 12 
                 120 
                 FAU 
                 0.74 
                 Pt 
                 0.11 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 290 
                 41  
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.32 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 291 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.53 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 292 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.06 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 293 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.59 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 294 
                   
                 2.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.90 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 295 
                   
                 2.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.11 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 296 
                   
                 3.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.64 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 297 
                   
                 6.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 5.29 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 298 
                 SBA- 
                 13.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 10.57 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 299 
                 1  
                 19.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 15.86 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 300 
                   
                 26.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 21.14 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 301 
                 MCM- 
                 1.3 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.11 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 302 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.32 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 303 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.53 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 304 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.06 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 305 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.59 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 306 
                   
                 2.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.90 
                 2.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 307 
                   
                 2.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.11 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 308 
                   
                 3.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.64 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 309 
                   
                 6.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 5.29 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 310 
                 SBA- 
                 13.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 10.57 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 311 
                 1  
                 19.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 15.86 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 312 
                   
                 26.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 21.14 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 7-2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to  
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 precursor 
                 Hydrother-  
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A)  
                 mal 
                 Zeolite  
                 Catalytic  
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Conversion 
                 treatment 
                 type  
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio of  
                 condition 
                 compound 
                 Metal  
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 amount of 
                 using 
                   
                 Average 
                 fine 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 Pre- 
                 added metal- 
                 precursor 
                   
                 inner 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 sence 
                 containing 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 diameter  
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 or 
                 solution 
                 Type of 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 Performance 
               
               
                   
                   
                 dia- 
                 absence 
                 (atomic 
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 channel 
                   
                 diameter  
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 meter 
                 of 
                 ratio) 
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C   
                   
                 Catalytic 
                   
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D C /D F   
                 activity 
                 Durability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 313 
                 MCM- 
                 1.1 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TEABr 
                 11 
                 72 
                 MTW 
                 0.61 
                 Pt 
                 0.09 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 314 
                 41  
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.26 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 315 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.44 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 316 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.87 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 317 
                   
                 1.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.31 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 318 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.57 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 319 
                   
                 2.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.74 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 320 
                   
                 2.7 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.18 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 321 
                   
                 5.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.36 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 322 
                 SBA- 
                 10.9 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.71 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 323 
                 1  
                 16.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 13.07 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 324 
                   
                 21.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 17.43 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 325 
                 MCM- 
                 1.1 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.09 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 326 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.26 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 327 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.44 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 328 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.87 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 329 
                   
                 1.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.31 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 330 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.57 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 331 
                   
                 2.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.74 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 332 
                   
                 2.7 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.18 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 333 
                   
                 5.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.36 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 334 
                 SBA- 
                 10.9 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.71 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 335 
                 1  
                 16.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 13.07 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 336 
                   
                 21.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 17.43 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 8-1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Conversion  
                 treatment 
                 Zeolite type  
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio 
                 condition using  
                 compound 
                 Catalytic 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 of amount  
                 precursor 
                   
                 Average 
                 material 
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                   
                 of added 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material 
                   
                 metal- 
                 Type of 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 (A) 
                 Presence 
                 containing 
                 struc- 
                   
                   
                   
                 of 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 or 
                 solution  
                 ture 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 chan- 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 Performance 
               
               
                   
                   
                 dia- 
                 absence 
                 (atomic 
                 direc- 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 nel 
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 meter 
                 of 
                 ratio) 
                 ting 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C   
                   
                 Catalytic 
                   
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D C /D F   
                 activity 
                 Durability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 337 
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TPABr 
                 12 
                 72 
                 MFI 
                 0.56 
                 Pt 
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 338 
                 41  
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 339 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.40 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 340 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.80 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 341 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.20 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 342 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.44 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 343 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.60 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 344 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.00 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 345 
                   
                 5.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.00 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 346 
                 SBA- 
                 10.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.00 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 347 
                 1  
                 15.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.00 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 348 
                   
                 20.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.00 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 349 
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 350 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 351 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.40 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 352 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.80 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 353 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.20 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 354 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.44 
                 2.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 355 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.60 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 356 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.00 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 357 
                   
                 5.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.00 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 358 
                 SBA- 
                 10.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.00 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 359 
                 1 
                 15.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.00 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 360 
                   
                 20.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.00 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 8-2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Conversion  
                 treatment 
                 Zeolite  
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio of 
                 condition 
                 type 
                 Catalytic 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 amount of 
                 using  
                 compound 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                   
                 added 
                 precursor 
                   
                 Average 
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material 
                 Pre- 
                 metal- 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner  
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 (A) 
                 sence 
                 containing 
                 Type  
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 or 
                 solution  
                 of 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 Performance 
               
               
                   
                   
                 dia- 
                 absence 
                 (atomic 
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 channel 
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 meter 
                 of 
                 ratio)  
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C   
                   
                 Catalytic 
                   
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D C /D F   
                 activity 
                 Durability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 361 
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TMABr 
                 12 
                 120 
                 FER 
                 0.57 
                 Pt 
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 362 
                 41  
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 363 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.41 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 364 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.81 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 365 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 366 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.47 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 367 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.63 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 368 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.04 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 369 
                   
                 5.1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.07 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 370 
                 SBA- 
                 10.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.14 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 371 
                 1  
                 15.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.21 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 372 
                   
                 20.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.29 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 373 
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 374 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 375 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.41 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 376 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.81 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 377 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 378 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.47 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 379 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.63 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 380 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.04 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 381 
                   
                 5.1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.07 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 382 
                 SBA- 
                 10.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.14 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 383 
                 1  
                 15.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.21 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 384 
                   
                 20.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.29 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Comparative 
                 — 
                 MFI type 
                 0.56 
                 Co 
                 ≤50 
                 ≤67.6 
                 Fair 
                 Poor 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 silicalite 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Comparative 
                 — 
                 MFI type 
                 0.56 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 Poor 
                 Poor 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 silicalite 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As is clear from Tables 1-1 to 8-2, it was found that the catalyst structures (Examples 1 to 384) for which cross sectional observation was carried out and confirmed that the catalytic material is held in the inside of the carrier exhibit excellent catalytic activity in the decomposition reaction of butylbenzene and is also excellent in the durability as the catalyst as compared to the catalyst structure (Comparative Example 1) wherein the catalytic material only attaches to the outer surface of the carrier, or the carrier itself (Comparative Example 2) that does not have the catalytic material at all. 
     Further, a relationship between the amount (mass %) of metal included in the inside of the carrier of the catalyst structure measured in the above described evaluation [C], and the yield (mol %) of the compounds having molecular weights less than that of butylbenzene contained in the produced liquid was evaluated. The evaluation method was the same method as the above described evaluation method performed in the “(1-1) catalytic activity” in “performance evaluation” of “D-1”. 
     As a result, it was found that in each of the Examples, when the addition amount of the metal-containing solution to be added to the precursor material (A) is 50 to 200 in terms of the atomic ratio Si/M (M=Fe) (content of metal fine particles with respect to catalyst structure was 0.5 to 2.5 mass %), the yield of the compounds having the molecular weights less than that of the butylbenzene contained in the produced liquid becomes 32 mol % or more, and the catalytic activity in the decomposition reaction of the butylbenzene is in an acceptable level or higher. 
     On the other hand, the catalyst structure of Comparative Example 1 having the catalytic material attached only to the outer surface of the carrier is improved in the catalytic activity in the decomposition reaction of the butylbenzene as compared to the carrier itself in Comparative Example 2 having no catalytic material in itself, but the durability of the catalyst was inferior as compared to those of the catalyst structures in Examples 1 to 384. 
     In addition, the carrier itself having no catalytic material in itself in Comparative Example 2 did not show almost any catalytic activity in the decomposition reaction of the butylbenzene, and both of the catalytic activity and the durability were inferior as compared to those of the catalyst structures of Examples 1 to 384. 
     Thereafter, the catalytic activity in dry reforming was evaluated. A normal pressure flow type reaction apparatus was filled with 50 mg of each of the catalyst structures (Examples 97 to 192) having the Ni fine particle as the catalytic material and Comparative Example 3, CO 2  (7 ml/minute) and CH 4  (7 ml/minute) were supplied to the reaction apparatus, and dry reforming was performed while the resultant substance was heated at 100 to 900° C. A single micro reactor (Rx-3050SR, made by Frontier Laboratories, Ltd.) was used as the normal pressure flow type reaction apparatus. The product was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). TRACE 1310 GC (made by Thermo Fisher Scientific Co., Ltd., detector: thermal conductivity detector) was used as an analysis apparatus for the produced gas. 
     As for the catalytic activity in the dry reforming, the Example was determined to be excellent in the catalytic activity when the production of the carbon monoxide started at 600° C. or lower, and expressed as “Excellent”, the Example was determined to have good catalytic activity when the production started at higher than 600° C. and lower than 700° C., and expressed as “Good”, the Example was determined not to have good catalytic activity but to have the catalytic activity in a passing level (acceptable) when the production started at 700° C. or higher and lower than 800° C., and expressed by “Fair”, and, the Example was determined to be inferior in the catalytic activity (unacceptable) when the production started at 800° C. or higher and lower than 900° C., or when the reaction did not proceed, and expressed by “Poor”. The results are shown in Tables 9-1 to 10-2. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 9-1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to  
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 precursor 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A)  
                 treatment 
                 Zeolite type  
                 Catalytic  
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Conver- 
                 condition 
                 compound 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 sion ratio  
                 using precursor 
                   
                 Average 
                 Metal fine  
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 of amount 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                 particle 
                   
                 Performance 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                   
                 of added 
                 Type  
                   
                   
                   
                 dia-  
                   
                 Ave- 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material 
                 Pre- 
                 metal- 
                 of 
                   
                   
                   
                 meter 
                   
                 rage 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalytic 
               
               
                   
                 (A) 
                 sence 
                 containing 
                 struc- 
                   
                   
                   
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
                 activity 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sence 
                 or 
                 solution  
                 ture 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 chan- 
                   
                 dia- 
                   
                   
                   
                 in 
               
               
                   
                   
                 of 
                 ab- 
                 (atomic 
                 direc- 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 nel 
                   
                 meter  
                   
                   
                   
                 dry 
               
               
                   
                   
                 meter 
                 ad- 
                 ratio) 
                 ting 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C   
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic 
                 Dura- 
                 reform- 
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 ditive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 bility 
                 ing 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 97  
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Pre- 
                 1000 
                 TEABr 
                 12 
                 120 
                 FAU 
                 0.74 
                 Ni 
                 0.11 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 98  
                 41  
                   
                 sent 
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.32 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 99  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.53 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 100 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.06 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 101 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.59 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 102 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.90 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 103 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.11 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 104 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.64 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 105 
                   
                 5.1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 5.29 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 106 
                 SBA- 
                 10.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 10.57 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 107 
                 1  
                 15.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 15.86 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 108 
                   
                 20.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 21.14 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 109 
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Ab- 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.11 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 110 
                 41 
                   
                 sent 
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.32 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 111 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.53 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 112 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.06 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 113 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.59 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 114 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.90 
                 2.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 115 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.11 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 116 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.64 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 117 
                   
                 5.1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 5.29 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 118 
                 SBA- 
                 10.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 10.57 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 119 
                 1  
                 15.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 15.86 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 120 
                   
                 20.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 21.14 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 9-2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to  
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst  
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 structure 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Con- 
                 treatment 
                 Carrier 
                 Catalytic  
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 version 
                 condition 
                 Zeolite 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio of  
                 using precursor 
                 type 
                 Metal 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Pre- 
                 amount  
                 material (C) 
                 compound  
                 fine 
                   
                 Performance 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 sence 
                 of added 
                 Type 
                   
                   
                   
                 Average  
                 particle 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material  
                 or 
                 metal- 
                 of 
                   
                   
                   
                 inner 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalytic 
               
               
                   
                 (A) 
                 ab- 
                 containing 
                 struc- 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
                 activity 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 sence 
                 solution 
                 ture 
                   
                 Time 
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 dia- 
                   
                   
                   
                 in 
               
               
                   
                   
                 dia- 
                 of 
                 (atomic 
                 direc- 
                   
                 pe- 
                 work 
                 channel 
                   
                 meter 
                   
                   
                   
                 dry 
               
               
                   
                   
                 meter 
                 ad- 
                 ratio) 
                 ting 
                   
                 riod 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C   
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic 
                 Dura- 
                 reform- 
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 ditive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 bility 
                 ing 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 121 
                 MCM- 
                 1.1 
                 Pre- 
                 1000 
                 TEABr 
                 11 
                 72 
                 MTW 
                 0.61 
                 Ni 
                 0.09 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 122 
                 41 
                   
                 sent 
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.26 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 123 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.44 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 124 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.87 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 125 
                   
                 1.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.31 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 126 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.57 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 127 
                   
                 2.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.74 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 128 
                   
                 2.7 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.18 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 129 
                   
                 5.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.36 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 130 
                 SBA- 
                 10.9 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.71 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 131 
                 1  
                 16.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 13.07 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 132 
                   
                 21.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 17.43 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 133 
                 MCM- 
                 1.1 
                 Ab- 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 134 
                 41 
                   
                 sent 
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.26 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 135 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.44 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 136 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.87 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 137 
                   
                 1.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.31 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 138 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.57 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 139 
                   
                 2.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.74 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 140 
                   
                 2.7 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.18 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 141 
                   
                 5.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.36 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 142 
                 SBA- 
                 10.9 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.71 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 143 
                 1  
                 16.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 13.07 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 144 
                   
                 21.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 17.43 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 10-1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to  
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 precursor 
                   
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 Hydrothermal 
                 Zeolite type  
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Conver- 
                 treatment 
                 compound 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 sion ratio 
                 condition 
                   
                 Ave- 
                 Catalytic  
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pre- 
                 of amount  
                 using precursor 
                   
                 rage 
                 material 
                   
                 Performance 
               
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 sence 
                 of added 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                 Metal fine 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material 
                 or 
                 metal- 
                 Type 
                   
                   
                   
                 dia- 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalytic 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 (A) 
                 ab- 
                 containing 
                 of 
                   
                   
                   
                 meter 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
                 activity 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 sence 
                 solution 
                 struc-  
                   
                 Time 
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
                 in 
               
               
                   
                   
                 dia- 
                 of 
                 (atomic 
                 ture di- 
                   
                 per- 
                 work 
                 channel 
                   
                 diame- 
                   
                   
                   
                 dry 
               
               
                   
                   
                 meter 
                 ad- 
                 ratio)  
                 recting 
                   
                 iod 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 ter D C   
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic 
                 Dura- 
                 re- 
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 ditive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 bility 
                 forming 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 145 
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Pre- 
                 1000 
                 TPABr 
                 12 
                 72 
                 MFI 
                 0.56 
                 Ni 
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 146 
                 41 
                 1.0 
                 sent 
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 147 
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.40 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 148 
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.80 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 149 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.20 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 150 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.44 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 151 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.60 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 152 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.00 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 153 
                   
                 5.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.00 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 154 
                 SBA- 
                 10.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.00 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 155 
                 1  
                 15.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.00 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 156 
                   
                 20.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.00 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 157 
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Ab- 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 158 
                 41 
                 1.0 
                 sent 
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 159 
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.40 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 160 
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.80 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 161 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.20 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 162 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.44 
                 2.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 163 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.60 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 164 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.00 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 165 
                   
                 5.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.00 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 166 
                 SBA- 
                 10.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.00 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 167 
                 1  
                 15.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.00 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 168 
                   
                 20.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.00 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 10-2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to  
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 precursor 
                   
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Conver-  
                 treatment 
                 Zeolite type  
                 Catalytic  
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 sion ratio 
                 condition 
                 compound 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 of  
                 using 
                   
                 Ave- 
                 Metal fine  
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Pre- 
                 amount of 
                 precursor 
                   
                 rage 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 sence 
                 added 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner  
                   
                 Ave- 
                   
                 Performance evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 or 
                 metal- 
                 Type of  
                   
                   
                   
                 dia- 
                   
                 rage 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalytic 
               
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 ab- 
                 containing 
                 struc- 
                   
                   
                   
                 meter 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
                 activity 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 sence 
                 solution 
                 ture 
                   
                 Time 
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 dia- 
                   
                   
                   
                 in 
               
               
                   
                   
                 dia- 
                 of 
                 (atomic 
                 direc- 
                   
                 per- 
                 work 
                 channel 
                   
                 meter 
                   
                   
                   
                 dry 
               
               
                   
                   
                 meter 
                 ad- 
                 ratio) 
                 ting 
                   
                 iod 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C   
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic 
                 Dura- 
                 re- 
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 ditive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 bility 
                 forming 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 169 
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Pre- 
                 1000 
                 TMABr 
                 12 
                 120 
                 FER 
                 0.57 
                 Ni 
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 170 
                 41  
                 1.0 
                 sent 
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 171 
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.41 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 172 
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.81 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 173 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 174 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.47 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 175 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.63 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 176 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.04 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 177 
                   
                 5.1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.07 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 178 
                 SBA- 
                 10.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.14 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 179 
                 1  
                 15.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.21 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 180 
                   
                 20.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.29 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 181 
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Ab- 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 182 
                 41 
                 1.0 
                 sent 
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 183 
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.41 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 184 
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.81 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 185 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 186 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.47 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 187 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.63 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 188 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.04 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 189 
                   
                 5.1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.07 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 190 
                 SBA- 
                 10.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.14 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 191 
                 1  
                 15.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.21 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 192 
                   
                 20.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.29 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Comparative 
                 — 
                 A 12 O 3   
                 — 
                 Ni 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 Poor 
               
               
                 Example 3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As is clear from Tables 9-1 to 10-2, it was found that when the catalytic material is the Ni fine particle, the catalytic activity in the dry reforming is high. In addition, it is disclosed that in the dry reforming, metals in Groups 8, 9 and 10 excluding Os (Rh, Ru, Ni, Pt, Pd, Ir, Co and Fe) have high activity, and the main order of the activity is Rh, Ru&gt;Ir&gt;Ni, Pt, Pd (Advanced Technology of Methane Chemical Conversion (CMC Publishing Co., Ltd., in 2008). Therefore, it is assumed that at least Rh, Ru, Ir, Pt and Pd showing the activity equal to or higher than that of Ni, and particularly, Rh, Ru and Ir are also excellent in the catalytic activity in the dry reforming. 
     From the above description, it is possible to produce a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, by using the catalyst structure according to the present example for a reaction between a methane-containing gas and carbon dioxide. In addition, also in a case where the catalyst structure is used for producing the synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, it is confirmed that the catalytic activity and the durability are adequate similarly to those in the above described case. 
     Examples 385 to 768 
     Catalyst structures having carriers and metal fine particles of the catalytic material shown in Tables 11-1 to 18-2 were obtained in similar ways to those in Examples 1 to 384, except that the metal salts to be dissolved in the metal-containing solution were replaced with the following substances, in production of the precursor materials (B) and (C).
         Ru: ruthenium chloride (III) hydrate (made by Nacalai Tesque, Inc.)   Ni: nickel nitrate (II) hexahydrate (made by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)   Ir: iridium chloride (III) hydrate (made by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)   Rh: rhodium nitrate (III) solution (made by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)       

     [Evaluation] 
     For the catalyst structures of Examples 385 to 768, various characteristics were evaluated under the following conditions. 
     [A-2] Cross Section Observation 
     For the catalyst structures of Examples 385 to 768, observation samples were prepared with a pulverization method, and the respective cross sections were observed using a transmission electron microscope (TEM) (TITAN G2, made by FEI). 
     As a result, it was confirmed that in the catalyst structures of the above described Examples, the catalytic material exists in the inside of the carrier composed of silicalite or zeolite, and was held by the carrier. 
     In addition, concerning the catalyst structure where the metal is a Ni fine particle, in the above described Examples, the cross section was cut out by FIB (focused ion beam) processing, and elements on a cross section was analyzed using SEM (SU8020, made by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation), and EDX (X-Max, made by Horiba, Ltd.). As a result, Ni element was detected from the inside of the carrier. 
     From the results of the above described cross section observations by TEM and SEM/EDX, it was confirmed that the Ni fine particle exists in the inside of the carrier. 
     [B-2] Average Inner Diameter of Channel of Carrier and Average Particle Diameter of Catalytic Material 
     In the TEM image photographed in the cross section observation performed in the above described evaluation [A-2], 500 channels in the carrier were arbitrarily selected, and the respective major and minor axes were measured. From average values thereof, respective inner diameters were calculated (N=500), and further, an average value of the inner diameters was determined and taken as an average inner diameter D F  of the channels in the carrier. In addition, also for the catalytic material, similarly, 500 catalytic materials were arbitrarily selected in the above described TEM image, the respective particle diameters were measured (N=500), and an average value was taken as an average particle diameter D C  of the catalytic materials. The results are shown in Tables 11-1 to 18-2. 
     In addition, in order to check the average particle diameter and dispersed state of the catalytic material, an analysis was performed using SAXS (small angle X-ray scattering). Measurement by SAXS was performed using beam line BL19B2 of Spring-8. The obtained SAXS data was subjected to fitting according to a spherical model by the Guinier approximation method, and the particle diameter was calculated. The particle diameter was measured for a catalyst structure where the metal is the Ni fine particle. In addition, as a comparison object, iron fine particles (made by Wako) of a commercial product were observed and measured with SEM. 
     As a result, in the commercial product, iron fine particles having various sizes exist at random in a range of particle diameters of approximately 50 nm to 400 nm, but on the other hand, in the catalyst structure of each of the Examples having an average particle diameter of 1.2 nm to 2.0 nm determined from the TEM images, a scattering peak was detected for the particle diameters of 10 nm or less also in the SAXS measurement result. From the measurement results of SAXS and the measurement results of the cross sections by SEM/EDX, it was found that the catalytic materials having particle diameters of 10 nm or less exist in a uniform and very highly dispersed state in the inside of the carrier. 
     [C-2] Relationship Between Addition Amount of Metal-Containing Solution and Amount of Metal Included in Inside of Carrier 
     Catalyst structures including the metal fine particles in the insides of the carriers were prepared with the addition amount of atomic ratios being Si/M=50, 100, 200 and 1000 (M=Ru, Ni, Ir and Rh) and then amounts (mass %) of the metals included in the insides of the carriers of the catalyst structures prepared in the above described addition amounts were measured. In the present measurement, the catalyst structures having atomic ratios Si/M=100, 200 and 1000 were prepared by adjusting the addition amount of the metal-containing solution in a similar method to that of the catalyst structures having atomic ratios Si/M=100, 200 and 1000 in Examples 385 to 768, respectively, and the catalyst structure having an atomic ratio Si/M=50 was prepared in a similar method to that of the catalyst structures having atomic ratios Si/M=100, 200 and 1000, except that the addition amount of the metal-containing solution was made to be different. 
     The amount of metal was quantified by ICP (High Frequency Inductively Coupled Plasma) alone or by a combination of ICP and XRF (fluorescent X-ray analysis). The XRF (Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Analyzer “SEA 1200 VX”, made by S.S.I. Nano Technology Inc.) was performed in a vacuum atmosphere on such a condition that an accelerating voltage was 15 kV (using Cr filter) or an accelerating voltage was 50 kV (using Pb filter). 
     The XRF is a method of calculating the abundance of metal by fluorescence intensity, and it is not possible to calculate a quantitative value (in terms of mass %) by the XRF alone. Then, the amount of metal in the catalyst structure whereto metal is added at a ratio of Si/M=100 was quantified by ICP analysis, and the amount of metal in the catalyst structure whereto metal is added at a ratio of Si/M=50 and less than 100 was determined on the basis of the XRF measurement result and the ICP measurement result. 
     As a result, it was confirmed that the amount of the metal included in the catalyst structure has increased along an increase of the addition amount of the metal-containing solution, at least within such a range that the atomic ratio Si/M is 50 to 1000. 
     [D-2] Performance Evaluation 
     Concerning the catalyst structures of Examples 385 to 768 and the silicalite of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the catalytic ability of the catalytic material was evaluated under the following conditions. The results are shown in Tables 11-1 to 18-2. 
     (1-2) Catalytic activity 
     The catalytic activity was evaluated under the following conditions. 
     Firstly, 0.2 g of the catalyst structure was filled in a normal pressure flow type reaction apparatus, using steam as a carrier gas (5 ml/min), kerosene according to JIS No. 1 was used as a reforming feedstock, and a steam reforming reaction was performed at 580° C. for 2 hours. 
     After the reaction has finished, the collected produced gas was subjected to a component analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). TRACE 1310 GC (made by Thermo Fisher Scientific Co., Ltd., detector: thermal conductivity detector) was used as an analysis apparatus for the produced gas. 
     On the basis of the results of the above described component analysis, the conversion ratio (%) to C1 (CO, CO 2  and CH 4 ) was calculated. The C1 conversion ratio was determined by the calculation according to the following expression (1). 
         C 1 conversion ratio (%)=( A/B )×100  (1)
 
     In the above described expression (1), A represents the total value of the molar flow rate of CO, the molar flow rate of CO 2  and the molar flow rate of CH 4 , at an outlet of the reaction vessel and B represents a molar flow rate of carbon in the kerosene at an inlet side of the reaction vessel. 
     In the present example, the Example was determined to be excellent in the catalytic activity when the C1 conversion ratio was 40% or more, and expressed as “Excellent”, the Example was determined to have good catalytic activity when the Cl conversion ratio was 30% or more and less than 40%, and expressed as “Good”, the Example was determined not to have good catalytic activity but to have catalytic activity in a passing level (acceptable) when the C1 conversion ratio was 20% or more and less than 30%, and expressed by “Fair”, and the Example was determined to be inferior (unacceptable) in the catalytic activity when the C1 conversion ratio was less than 20%, and expressed as “Poor”. 
     (2-2) Durability (Life) 
     Durability was evaluated under the following conditions. 
     Firstly, the catalyst structure used in the above described evaluation (1-2) was collected, and was heated at 650° C. for 12 hours, and a catalyst structure after heating was prepared. Thereafter, using the obtained catalyst structure after heating, the steam reforming reaction of kerosene according to JIS No. 1 determined to be a reforming feedstock was performed according to a method similar to that in the above described evaluation (1-2), and a component analysis of a produced gas was performed with a method similar to that in the above described evaluation (1-2). 
     The C1 conversion ratio (%) was determined according to a method similar to that in the above described evaluation (1-2), on the basis of the obtained analysis results. Furthermore, it was compared how much the C1 conversion ratio caused by the catalyst structure after heating was kept as compared to the C1 conversion ratio caused by the catalyst structure before heating (C1 conversion ratio determined in above described evaluation (1-2)). Specifically, a percentage (%) of the C1 conversion ratio caused by the above described catalyst structure after heating (C1 conversion ratio determined by present evaluation (2-2)) with respect to the C1 conversion ratio caused by the catalyst structure before heating (C1 conversion ratio determined in above described evaluation (1-2)) was calculated. 
     In the present example, the Example was determined to be excellent in durability (heat resistance) when the C1 conversion ratio by the catalyst structure after heating (C1 conversion ratio determined in present evaluation (2-2)) was kept at 80% or more as compared to the C1 conversion ratio by the catalyst structure before heating (C1 conversion ratio determined in above described evaluation (1-2)), and expressed as “Excellent”, the Example was determined to be good in durability (heat resistance) when the C1 conversion ratio was kept at 60% or more and less than 80%, and expressed as “Good”, the Example was determined not to have good durability (heat resistance) but to have durability in a passing level (acceptable) when the Cl conversion ratio was kept at 40% or more and less than 60%, and expressed as “Fair”, and the Example was determined to be inferior (unacceptable) in durability (heat resistance) when the C1 conversion ratio decreased to less than 40%, and expressed as “Poor”. 
     For Comparative Examples 1 and 2, performance evaluations similar to the above described evaluations (1-2) and (2-2) were also performed. The results are shown in Tables 18-1 and 18-2. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 11-1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Conver-  
                 treatment 
                 Zeolite type  
                 Catalytic  
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 sion ratio  
                 condition 
                 compound 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pre- 
                 of amount  
                 using precursor 
                   
                 Average 
                 Metal fine  
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 sence 
                 of added  
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner  
                 particle 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 or 
                 metal- 
                 Type of 
                   
                   
                   
                 dia- 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 ab- 
                 containing 
                 struc- 
                   
                   
                   
                 meter  
                   
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 sence 
                 solution 
                 ture 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 dia- 
                   
                 Performance 
               
               
                   
                   
                 dia- 
                 of 
                 (atomic 
                 direc- 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 channel 
                   
                 meter  
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 meter 
                 ad- 
                 ratio) 
                 ting 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C   
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic 
                 Dura- 
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 ditive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 bility 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 385 
                 MCM- 
                 1.3 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TEABr 
                 12 
                 120 
                 FAU 
                 0.74 
                 Ru 
                 0.11 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 386 
                 41  
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.32 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 387 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.53 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 388 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.06 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 389 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.59 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 390 
                   
                 2.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.90 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 391 
                   
                 2.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.11 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 392 
                   
                 3.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.64 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 393 
                   
                 6.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 5.29 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 394 
                 SBA- 
                 13.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 10.57 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 395 
                 1  
                 19.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 15.86 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 396 
                   
                 26.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 21.14 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 397 
                 MCM- 
                 1.3 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.11 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 398 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.32 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 399 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.53 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 400 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.06 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 401 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.59 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 402 
                   
                 2.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.90 
                 2.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 403 
                   
                 2.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.11 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 404 
                   
                 3.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.64 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 405 
                   
                 6.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 5.29 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 406 
                 SBA- 
                 13.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 10.57 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 407 
                 1  
                 19.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 15.86 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 408 
                   
                 26.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 21.14 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 11-2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                   
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Conver-  
                   
                 Zeolite type  
                 Catalytic  
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 sion ratio  
                 Hydrothermal  
                 compound 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 of amount  
                 treatment 
                   
                 Average 
                 Metal 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Pre- 
                 of added  
                 condition using 
                   
                 inner  
                 fine 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 sence 
                 metal- 
                 precursor 
                   
                 dia-  
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 or 
                 containing 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 meter 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 ab- 
                 solution  
                 Type of 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 Performance  
               
               
                   
                   
                 dia- 
                 sence 
                 (atomic 
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 channel 
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 meter 
                 of 
                 ratio) 
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C   
                   
                 Catalytic 
                 Dura- 
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D C /D F   
                 activity 
                 bility 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 409 
                 MCM- 
                 1.1 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TEABr 
                 11 
                 72 
                 MTW 
                 0.61 
                 Ru 
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 410 
                 41  
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 411 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.41 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 412 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.81 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 413 
                   
                 1.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 414 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.47 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 415 
                   
                 2.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.63 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 416 
                   
                 2.7 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.04 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 417 
                   
                 5.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.07 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 418 
                 SBA- 
                 10.9 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.14 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 419 
                 1  
                 16.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.21 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 420 
                   
                 21.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.29 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 421 
                 MCM- 
                 1.1 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 422 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 423 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.41 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 424 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.81 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 425 
                   
                 1.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 426 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.47 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 427 
                   
                 2.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.63 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 428 
                   
                 2.7 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.04 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 429 
                   
                 5.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.07 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 430 
                 SBA- 
                 10.9 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.14 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 431 
                 1  
                 16.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.21 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 432 
                   
                 21.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.29 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 12-1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst  
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                   
                 structure 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Conversion  
                   
                 Carrier 
                 Catalytic  
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio of  
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Zeolite type 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 amount  
                 treatment 
                 compound 
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 of added  
                 condition using 
                   
                 Average 
                 particle 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 Pre- 
                 metal- 
                 precursor 
                   
                 inner  
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 sence 
                 containing 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 or ab- 
                 solution 
                 Type of 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 dia- 
                   
                 Performance 
               
               
                   
                   
                 dia- 
                 sence 
                 (atomic 
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 channel 
                   
                 meter 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 meter 
                 of ad- 
                 ratio) 
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C   
                   
                 Catalytic 
                 Dura- 
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 ditive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D C /D F   
                 activity 
                 bility 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 433 
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TPABr 
                 12 
                 72 
                 MFI 
                 0.56 
                 Ru 
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 434 
                 41  
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 435 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.40 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 436 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.80 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 437 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.20 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 438 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.44 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 439 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.60 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 440 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.00 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 441 
                   
                 5.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.00 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 442 
                 SBA- 
                 10.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.00 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 443 
                 1  
                 15.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.00 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 444 
                   
                 20.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.00 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 445 
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 446 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 447 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.40 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 448 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.80 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 449 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.20 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 450 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.44 
                 2.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 451 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.60 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 452 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.00 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 453 
                   
                 5.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.00 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 454 
                 SBA- 
                 10.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.00 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 455 
                 1  
                 15.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.00 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 456 
                   
                 20.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.00 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 12-2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to  
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 precursor 
                   
                 Catalyst 
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                   
                 structure 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Conver-  
                   
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 sion ratio 
                 Hydrothermal 
                 Zeolite type  
                 Catalytic 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 of amount  
                 treatment 
                 compound 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 of added 
                 condition 
                   
                 Average 
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 metal- 
                 using precursor 
                   
                 inner 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 Presence 
                 containing 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 or 
                 solution  
                 Type of 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 Performance  
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 absence 
                 (atomic 
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 channel 
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 of 
                 ratio) 
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C   
                   
                 Catalytic 
                   
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D C /D F   
                 activity 
                 Durability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 457 
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TMABr 
                 12 
                 120 
                 FER 
                 0.57 
                 Ru 
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 458 
                 41  
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 459 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.41 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 460 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.81 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 461 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 462 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.47 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 463 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.63 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 464 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.04 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 465 
                   
                 5.1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.07 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 466 
                 SBA- 
                 10.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.14 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 467 
                 1  
                 15.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.21 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 468 
                   
                 20.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.29 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 469 
                 MCM- 
                 1.0 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 470 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 471 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.41 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 472 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.81 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 473 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 474 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.47 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 475 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.63 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 476 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.04 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 477 
                   
                 5.1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.07 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 478 
                 SBA- 
                 10.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.14 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 479 
                 1  
                 15.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.21 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 480 
                   
                 20.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.29 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 13-1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to  
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst  
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                 structure 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                   
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Conver-  
                   
                 Zeolite  
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 sion ratio 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 type 
                 Catalytic 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 of amount  
                 treatment 
                 compound 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 of added 
                 condition 
                   
                 Average 
                 Metal fine  
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 Pre- 
                 metal- 
                 using precursor 
                   
                 inner 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 sence 
                 containing 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 or 
                 solution 
                 Type of 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 Performance  
               
               
                   
                   
                 dia- 
                 absence 
                 (atomic 
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 channel  
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 meter 
                 of 
                 ratio) 
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 D F   
                   
                 D C   
                   
                 Catalytic 
                   
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D C /D F   
                 activity 
                 Durability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 481 
                 MCM- 
                 1.3 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TEABr 
                 12 
                 120 
                 FAU 
                 0.74 
                 Ni 
                 0.11 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 482 
                 41  
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.32 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 483 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.53 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 484 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.06 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 485 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.59 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 486 
                   
                 2.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.90 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 487 
                   
                 2.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.11 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 488 
                   
                 3.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.64 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 489 
                   
                 6.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 5.29 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 490 
                 SBA- 
                 13.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 10.57 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 491 
                 1  
                 19.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 15.86 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 492 
                   
                 26.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 21.14 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 493 
                 MCM- 
                 1.3 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.11 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 494 
                 41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.32 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 495 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.53 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 Example 496 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.06 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 497 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.59 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 Example 498 
                   
                 2.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.90 
                 2.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 499 
                   
                 2.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.11 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 500 
                   
                 3.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.64 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 501 
                   
                 6.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 5.29 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 502 
                 SBA- 
                 13.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 10.57 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 503 
                 1  
                 19.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 15.86 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 Example 504 
                   
                 26.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 21.14 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 13-2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Conversion  
                 treatment 
                 Zeolite type 
                 Catalytic material 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Precursor 
                 ratio of  
                 condition using  
                 compound 
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 amount of 
                 precursor  
                   
                 Average 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Presence 
                 added metal- 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                   
                 Average 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 or 
                 containing 
                 Type of 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter  
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 Performance 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 absence 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 of 
                 (atomic ratio)  
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 work 
                 channel  
                   
                 D C   
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic  
                 Dur- 
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 Structure 
                 D F  (nm) 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 ability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example  
                 MCM 
                 1.1 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TEABr 
                 11 
                 72 
                 MTW 
                 0.61 
                 Ni 
                 0.09 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 505 
                 −41 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.26 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 506 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.44 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 507 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.87 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 508 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.31 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 509 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.57 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 510 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.74 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 511 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.7 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.18 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 512 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 5.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.36 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 513 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 SBA 
                 10.9 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.71 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 514 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 16.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 13.07 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 515 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 21.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 17.43 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 516 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 MCM 
                 1.1 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.09 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 517 
                 −41 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.26 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 518 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.44 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 519 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.87 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 520 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.31 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 521 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.57 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 522 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.74 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 523 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.7 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.18 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 524 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 5.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.36 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 525 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 SBA 
                 10.9 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.71 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 526 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 16.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 13.07 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 527 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 21.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 17.43 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 528 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 14-1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Conversion  
                 treatment 
                 Carrier 
                 Catalytic  
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio of  
                 condition using  
                 Zeolite type compound 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 amount of 
                 precursor  
                   
                 Average 
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 Presence 
                 added metal- 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 or 
                 containing 
                 Type of 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter  
                   
                 Average 
                   
                 Performance 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 absence 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 of 
                 (atomic ratio)  
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 work 
                 channel  
                   
                 diameter 
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic  
                 Dur- 
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 Structure 
                 D F  (nm) 
                 Type 
                 D C  (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 ability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example  
                 MCM 
                 1.0 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TPABr 
                 12 
                 72 
                 MFI 
                 0.56 
                 Ni 
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 529 
                 −41 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 530 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.40 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 531 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.80 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 532 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.20 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 533 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.44 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 534 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.60 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 535 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.00 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 536 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 5.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.00 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 537 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 SBA 
                 10.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.00 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 538 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 15.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.00 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 539 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 20.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.00 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 540 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 MCM 
                 1.0 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 541 
                 −41 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 542 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.40 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 543 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.80 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 544 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.20 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 545 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.44 
                 2.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 546 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.60 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 547 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.00 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 548 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 5.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.00 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 549 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 SBA 
                 10.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.00 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 550 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 15.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.00 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 551 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 20.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.00 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 552 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 14-2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Conversion  
                 treatment 
                 Carrier 
                 Catalytic  
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio of  
                 condition using  
                 Zeolite type compound 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 amount of 
                 precursor  
                   
                 Average 
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 Presence 
                 added metal- 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 or 
                 containing 
                 Type of 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter  
                   
                 Average 
                   
                 Performance 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 absence 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 of 
                 (atomic ratio)  
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 work 
                 channel  
                   
                 diameter 
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic  
                 Dur- 
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 Structure 
                 D F  (nm) 
                 Type 
                 D C  (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 ability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example  
                 MCM 
                 1.0 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TMABr 
                 12 
                 120 
                 FER 
                 0.57 
                 Ni 
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 553 
                 −41 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 554 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.41 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 555 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.81 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 556 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 557 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.47 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 558 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.63 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 559 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.04 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 560 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 5.1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.07 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 561 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 SBA 
                 10.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.14 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 562 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 15.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.21 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 563 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 20.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.29 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 564 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 MCM 
                 1.0 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 565 
                 −41 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 566 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.41 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 567 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.81 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 568 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 569 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.47 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 570 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.63 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 571 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.04 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 572 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 5.1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.07 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 573 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 SBA 
                 10.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.14 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 574 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 15.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.21 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 575 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 20.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.29 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 576 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 15-1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Conversion  
                 treatment 
                 Zeolite  
                 Catalytic  
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio of  
                 condition using  
                 type compound 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 amount of 
                 precursor  
                   
                 Average 
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 Presence 
                 added metal- 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 or 
                 containing 
                 Type of 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter  
                   
                 Average 
                   
                 Performance 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 absence 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 of 
                 (atomic ratio)  
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 work 
                 channel  
                   
                 diameter 
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic  
                 Dur- 
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 Structure 
                 D F  (nm) 
                 Type 
                 D C  (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 ability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example 
                 MCM 
                 1.3 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TEABr 
                 12 
                 120 
                 FAU 
                 0.74 
                 Ir 
                 0.11 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 577 
                 −41 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.32 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 578 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.53 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 579 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.06 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 580 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.59 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 581 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.90 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 582 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.11 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 583 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 3.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.64 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 584 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 6.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 5.29 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 585 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 SBA 
                 13.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 10.57 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 586 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 19.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 15.86 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 587 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 26.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 21.14 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 588 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 MCM 
                 1.3 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.11 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 589 
                 −41 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.32 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 590 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.53 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 591 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.06 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 592 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.59 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 593 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.90 
                 2.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 594 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.11 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 595 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 3.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.64 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 596 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 6.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 5.29 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 597 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 SBA 
                 13.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 10.57 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 598 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 19.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 15.86 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 599 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 26.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 21.14 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 600 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 15-2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Conversion  
                 treatment 
                 Zeolite type 
                 Catalytic  
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio of  
                 condition using  
                 compound 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 amount of 
                 precursor  
                   
                 Average 
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 Presence 
                 added metal- 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 or 
                 containing 
                 Type of 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter  
                   
                 Average 
                   
                 Performance 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 absence 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 of 
                 (atomic ratio)  
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 work 
                 channel  
                   
                 diameter 
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic  
                 Dur- 
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 Structure 
                 D F  (nm) 
                 Type 
                 D C  (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 ability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example  
                 MCM 
                 1.1 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TEABr 
                 11 
                 72 
                 MTW 
                 0.61 
                 Ir 
                 0.09 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 601 
                 −41 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.26 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 602 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.44 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 603 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.87 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 604 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.31 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 605 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.57 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 606 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.74 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 607 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.7 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.18 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 608 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 5.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.36 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 609 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 SBA 
                 10.9 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.71 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 610 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 16.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 13.07 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 611 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 21.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 17.43 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 612 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 MCM 
                 1.1 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.09 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 613 
                 −41 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.26 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 614 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.44 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 615 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.87 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 616 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.31 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 617 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.57 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 618 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.74 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 619 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.7 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.18 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 620 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 5.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.36 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 621 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 SBA 
                 10.9 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.71 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 622 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 16.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 13.07 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 623 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 21.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 17.43 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 624 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 16-1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Conversion  
                 treatment 
                 Zeolite type 
                 Catalytic  
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio of  
                 condition using  
                 compound 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 amount of 
                 precursor  
                   
                 Average 
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 Presence 
                 added metal- 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 or 
                 containing 
                 Type of 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter  
                   
                 Average 
                   
                 Performance 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 absence 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 of 
                 (atomic ratio)  
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 work 
                 channel  
                   
                 diameter 
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic  
                 Dur- 
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 Structure 
                 D F  (nm) 
                 Type 
                 D C  (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 ability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example  
                 MCM 
                 1.0 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TPABr 
                 12 
                 72 
                 MFI 
                 0.56 
                 Ir 
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 625 
                 −41 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 626 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.40 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 627 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.80 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 628 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.20 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 629 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.44 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 630 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.60 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 631 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.00 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 632 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 5.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.00 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 633 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 SBA 
                 10.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.00 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 634 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 15.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.00 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 635 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 20.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.00 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 636 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 MCM 
                 1.0 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 637 
                 −41 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 638 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.40 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 639 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.80 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 640 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.20 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 641 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.44 
                 2.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 642 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.60 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 643 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.00 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 644 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 5.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.00 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 645 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 SBA 
                 10.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.00 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 646 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 15.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.00 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 647 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 20.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.00 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 648 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 16-1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Conversion  
                 treatment 
                 Zeolite type  
                 Catalytic  
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio of  
                 condition using  
                 compound 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 amount of 
                 precursor  
                   
                 Average 
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 Presence 
                 added metal- 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 or 
                 containing 
                 Type of 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter  
                   
                 Average 
                   
                 Performance 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 absence 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 of 
                 (atomic ratio)  
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 work 
                 channel  
                   
                 diameter 
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic  
                 Dur- 
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 Structure 
                 D F  (nm) 
                 Type 
                 D C  (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 ability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example  
                 MCM 
                 1.0 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TMABr 
                 12 
                 120 
                 FER 
                 0.57 
                 Ir 
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 649 
                 −41 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 650 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.41 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 651 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.81 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 652 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 653 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.47 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 654 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.63 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 655 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.04 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 656 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 5.1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.07 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 657 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 SBA 
                 10.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.14 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 658 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 15.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.21 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 659 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 20.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.29 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 660 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 MCM 
                 1.0 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 661 
                 −41 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 662 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.41 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 663 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.81 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 664 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 665 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.47 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 666 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.63 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 667 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.04 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 668 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 5.1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.07 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 669 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 SBA 
                 10.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.14 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 670 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 15.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.21 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 671 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 20.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.29 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 672 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 17-1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Conversion  
                 treatment 
                 Zeolite type 
                 Catalytic  
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio of  
                 condition using 
                 compound 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 amount of 
                 precursor  
                   
                 Average 
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 Presence 
                 added metal- 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 or 
                 containing 
                 Type of 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter  
                   
                 Average 
                   
                 Performance 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 absence 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 of 
                 (atomic ratio)  
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 work 
                 channel  
                   
                 diameter 
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic  
                 Dur- 
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 Structure 
                 D F  (nm) 
                 Type 
                 D C  (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 ability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example  
                 MCM 
                 1.3 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TEABr 
                 12 
                 120 
                 FAU 
                 0.74 
                 Rh 
                 0.11 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 673 
                 −41 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.32 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 674 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.53 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 675 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.06 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 676 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.59 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 677 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.90 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 678 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.11 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 679 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 3.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.64 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 680 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 6.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 5.29 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 681 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 SBA 
                 13.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 10.57 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 682 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 19.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 15.86 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 683 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 26.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 21.14 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 684 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 MCM 
                 1.3 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.11 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 685 
                 −41 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.32 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 686 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.53 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 687 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.06 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 688 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.59 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 689 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.90 
                 2.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 690 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.11 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 691 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 3.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.64 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 692 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 6.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 5.29 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 693 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example 
                 SBA 
                 13.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 10.57 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 694 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 19.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 15.86 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 695 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 26.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 21.14 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 696 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 17-1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Conversion  
                 treatment 
                 Zeolite type 
                 Catalytic  
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio of  
                 condition using  
                 compound 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 amount of 
                 precursor  
                   
                 Average 
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 Presence 
                 added metal- 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 or 
                 containing 
                 Type of 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter  
                   
                 Average 
                   
                 Performance 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 absence 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 of 
                 (atomic ratio)  
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 work 
                 channel  
                   
                 diameter 
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic  
                 Dur- 
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 Structure 
                 D F  (nm) 
                 Type 
                 D C  (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 ability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example  
                 MCM 
                 1.3 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TEABr 
                 11 
                 72 
                 MTW 
                 0.61 
                 Rh 
                 0.9 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 697 
                 −41 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.26 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 698 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.44 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 699 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.87 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 700 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.31 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 701 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.57 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 702 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.74 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 703 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.7 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.18 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 704 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 5.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.36 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 705 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 SBA 
                 10.9 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.71 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 706 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 −1 
                 16.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 13.07 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 707 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 21.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 17.43 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 708 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example 
                 MCM 
                 1.1 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.09 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 709 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 −41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.26 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 710 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.44 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 711 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.87 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 712 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.31 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 713 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.57 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 714 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.74 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 715 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.7 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.18 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 716 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 5.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.36 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 717 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 SBA 
                 10.9 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.71 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 718 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 −1 
                 16.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 13.07 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 719 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 21.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 17.43 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 720 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 18-1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Conversion  
                 treatment 
                 Carrier 
                 Catalytic  
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio of  
                 condition  
                 Zeolite type 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 amount of 
                 using  
                 compound 
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 added  
                 precursor  
                   
                 Average 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 Presence 
                 metal- 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 or 
                 containing 
                 Type of 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter  
                   
                 Average 
                   
                 Performance 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 absence 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 of 
                 (atomic  
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 work 
                 channel  
                   
                 diameter 
                 D C / 
                 Catalytic  
                 Dur- 
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 ratio) Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 Structure 
                 D F  (nm) 
                 Type 
                 D C  (nm) 
                 D F   
                 activity 
                 ability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example  
                 MCM 
                 1.0 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TPABr 
                 12 
                 72 
                 MFI 
                 0.56 
                 Rh 
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 721 
                 −41 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 722 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.40 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 723 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.80 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 724 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.20 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 725 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.44 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 726 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.60 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 727 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.00 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 728 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 5.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.00 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 729 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 SBA 
                 10.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.00 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 730 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 15.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.00 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 731 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 20.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.00 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 732 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 MCM 
                 1.0 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 733 
                 −41 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 734 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.40 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 735 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.80 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 736 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.20 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 737 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.44 
                 2.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 738 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.60 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 739 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.00 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 740 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 5.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.00 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 741 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 SBA 
                 10.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.00 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 742 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 15.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.00 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 743 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 20.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.00 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 744 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 18-2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Conversion  
                 treatment 
                 Zeolite type 
                 Catalytic  
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 ratio of  
                 condition using 
                 compound 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 amount of 
                 precursor  
                   
                 Average 
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 Presence 
                 added metal- 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 or 
                 containing 
                 Type of 
                   
                   
                   
                 diameter  
                   
                 Average 
                   
                 Performance 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 absence 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 Frame- 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 of 
                 (atomic ratio)  
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 work 
                 channel  
                   
                 diameter 
                   
                 Catalytic  
                 Dur- 
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 additive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 Structure 
                 D F  (nm) 
                 Type 
                 D C  (nm) 
                 D C /D F   
                 activity 
                 ability 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example  
                 MCM 
                 1.3 
                 Present 
                 1000 
                 TEABr 
                 12 
                 120 
                 FAU 
                 0.74 
                 Rh 
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 745 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 −41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 746 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.41 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 747 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.81 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 748 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.59 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 749 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 750 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.47 
                 2.9 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 751 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 3.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.63 
                 3.6 
                 Excellent  
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 752 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 6.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.04 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 753 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 SBA 
                 13.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.07 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 754 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 −1 
                 19.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.14 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 755 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 26.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 21.21 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 756 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 MCM 
                 1.3 
                 Absent 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.29 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 757 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 −41 
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.08 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 758 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 759 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.41 
                 1.4 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 760 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.81 
                 2.1 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 761 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.6 
                 Excellent 
                 Good 
               
               
                 762 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 2.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.63 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 763 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 3.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.04 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 764 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 6.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.07 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 765 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 SBA 
                 13.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.14 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 766 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                 −1 
                 19.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.21 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 767 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Example  
                   
                 26.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.29 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 768 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Com- 
                 — 
                 MFI type 
                 0.56 
                 Co 
                 ≤50 
                 ≤67.6 
                 Fair 
                 Poor 
               
               
                 parative 
                   
                 silicate 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Com- 
                 — 
                 MFI type 
                 0.56 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 Poor 
                 Poor 
               
               
                 parative 
                   
                 silicate 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Example  
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 2 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As is clear from Tables 11-1 to 18-2, it was found that the catalyst structures (Examples 385 to 768) for which observation of the cross section was carried out and confirmed that the catalytic material is held in the inside of the carrier exhibits excellent catalytic activity in the steam reforming reaction of the kerosene according to JIS No. 1 determined to be a reforming feedstock and is excellent also in the durability as the catalyst, as compared to the catalyst structure (Comparative Example 1) wherein the catalytic material only attaches to the outer surface of the carrier, or the carrier itself (Comparative Example 2) that does not have the catalytic material at all. 
     On the other hand, the catalyst structure of Comparative Example 1 having the catalytic material attached only to the outer surface of the carrier is improved in the catalytic activity in the steam reforming reaction of kerosene according to JIS No. 1 determined to be a reforming feedstock, as compared to the carrier itself in Comparative Example 2 having no catalytic material in itself, but the durability of the catalyst was inferior as compared to those of the catalyst structures in Examples 385 to 768. 
     In addition, the carrier itself having no catalytic material in itself in Comparative Example 2 did not show almost any catalytic activity in the steam reforming reaction of the kerosene according to JIS No. 1 determined to be a reforming feedstock, and both of the catalytic activity and the durability were inferior as compared to those of the catalyst structures of Examples 385 to 768. 
     Thereafter, in addition to the above described evaluation of the case where hydrogen was produced using a petroleum-based hydrocarbon, the catalytic activity of a case where a natural gas was subjected to steam reforming was evaluated. To a normal pressure flow reaction apparatus, 50 mg of the catalyst structures (Example 481 to 576) having the Ni fine particle as the catalytic material were filled, and reduction treatment was performed by a hydrogen gas at 500° C. for 1 hour before the reaction starts. 
     Thereafter, methane gas (6 ml/min) and pure water (5 μl/min) were supplied and N2 working as a carrier gas was supplied to the apparatus with 10 ml/min, respectively, and the steam reforming reaction was performed while the apparatus heated the substances at 100 to 900° C. A single micro reactor (Rx-3050SR, made by Frontier Laboratory Co., Ltd.) was used as the normal pressure flow type reaction apparatus. The product was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). TRACE 1310 GC (made by Thermo Fisher Scientific Co., Ltd., detector: thermal conductivity detector) was used as an analysis apparatus for the produced gas. 
     As for the catalytic activity in the steam reforming of the methane gas, the Example was determined to be excellent in the catalytic activity when the production of the carbon monoxide started at 600° C. or lower, and expressed as “Excellent”, the Example was determined to have good catalytic activity when the production started at higher than 600° C. and lower than 700° C., and expressed as “Good”, the Example was determined not to have good catalytic activity but to have the catalytic activity in a passing level (acceptable) when the production started at 700° C. or higher and lower than 800° C., and expressed as “Fair”, and the Example was determined to be inferior in the catalytic activity (unacceptable) when the production started at 800° C. or higher and lower than 900° C., or when the reaction did not proceed, and expressed as “Poor”. The results are shown in Tables 19-1 to 20-2. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 19-1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Pres- 
                 Conversion  
                 treatment 
                 Zeolite type 
                 Catalytic  
                   
                 Performance evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 ence 
                 ratio of  
                 condition using  
                 compound 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalytic 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 or 
                 amount of 
                 precursor 
                   
                 Average 
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
                   
                 activity 
               
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 ab- 
                 added metal- 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
                 in steam 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 sence 
                 containing 
                 Type of 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 diameter  
                   
                 Average 
                   
                 Cata-  
                   
                 reforming 
               
               
                   
                   
                 dia- 
                 of 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 lytic 
                   
                 of 
               
               
                   
                   
                 meter 
                 addi- 
                 (atomic ratio)  
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 channel  
                   
                 diameter 
                 D C / 
                 activ- 
                 Dur- 
                 methane 
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 tive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 D F  (nm) 
                 Type 
                 D C  (nm) 
                 D F   
                 ity 
                 ability 
                 gas 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ex- 
                 MCM 
                 1.3 
                 Pre- 
                 1000 
                 TEABr 
                 12 
                 120 
                 FAU 
                 0.74 
                 Ni 
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 ample 
                 −41 
                   
                 sent 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 481 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 ample  
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 482 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.41 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 483 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.81 
                 1.4 
                 Excel- 
                 Good 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                   
                 lent 
               
               
                 484 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.59 
                 2.1 
                 Excel- 
                 Good 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                   
                 lent 
               
               
                 485 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 2.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.6 
                 Excel- 
                 Excel- 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                 lent 
                 lent 
               
               
                 486 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 2.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.47 
                 2.9 
                 Excel-  
                 Excel- 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                 lent 
                 lent 
               
               
                 487 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 3.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.63 
                 3.6 
                 Excel- 
                 Excel- 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                 lent 
                 lent 
               
               
                 488 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 6.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.04 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excel- 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                 lent 
               
               
                 489 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                 SBA 
                 13.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.07 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excel- 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                 lent 
               
               
                 490 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 19.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.14 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excel- 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                   
               
               
                 491 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 26.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 21.21 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excel- 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                   
               
               
                 492 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                 MCM 
                 1.3 
                 Ab- 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.29 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 ample 
                 −41 
                   
                 sent 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 493 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.08 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 494 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample  
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 495 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.41 
                 1.4 
                 Excel- 
                 Good 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                   
                 lent 
               
               
                 496 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.81 
                 2.1 
                 Excel- 
                 Good 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                   
                 lent 
               
               
                 497 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 2.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.6 
                 Good 
                 Excel- 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                 lent 
               
               
                 498 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 2.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.63 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excel- 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                 lent 
               
               
                 499 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 3.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.04 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excel- 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample  
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                 lent 
               
               
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 6.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.07 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excel- 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                 lent 
               
               
                 501 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                 SBA 
                 13.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.14 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excel- 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                 lent 
               
               
                 502 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 19.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.21 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excel- 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                   
               
               
                 503 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 26.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.29 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excel- 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                   
               
               
                 504 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 19-2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Pre- 
                 Conversion  
                 treatment 
                 Zeolite type 
                 Catalytic  
                   
                 Performance evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 sence 
                 ratio of  
                 condition using  
                 compound 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalytic 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 or 
                 amount of 
                 precursor 
                   
                 Average 
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
                   
                 activity 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 ab- 
                 added metal- 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
                 in steam 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 sence 
                 containing 
                 Type of 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 diameter  
                   
                 Average 
                   
                 Cata- 
                   
                 reforming 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 of 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 lytic  
                   
                 of 
               
               
                   
                   
                 diameter 
                 addi- 
                 (atomic ratio)  
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 channel  
                   
                 diameter 
                 D C / 
                 acti- 
                 Dur- 
                 methane 
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 tive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 D F  (nm) 
                 Type 
                 D C  (nm) 
                 D F   
                 vity 
                 ability 
                 gas 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ex-  
                 MCM 
                 1.1 
                 Pre- 
                 1000 
                 TEABr 
                 11 
                 72 
                 MTW 
                 0.61 
                 Ni 
                 0.09 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 ample 
                 −41 
                   
                 sent 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 505 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.26 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 506 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.44 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 507 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.87 
                 1.4 
                 Excel- 
                 Good 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                   
                 lent 
               
               
                 508 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 1.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.31 
                 2.1 
                 Excel- 
                 Good 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                   
                 lent 
               
               
                 509 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.57 
                 2.6 
                 Excel- 
                 Good 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                   
                 lent 
               
               
                 510 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 2.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.74 
                 2.9 
                 Excel- 
                 Excel- 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                 lent 
                 lent 
               
               
                 511 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 2.7 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.18 
                 3.6 
                 Excel- 
                 Excel- 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                 lent 
                 lent 
               
               
                 512 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 5.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.36 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Excel- 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample  
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                 lent 
               
               
                 513 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                 SBA 
                 10.9 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.71 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Excel- 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                 lent 
               
               
                 514 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 16.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 13.07 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excel- 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                   
               
               
                 515 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 21.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 17.43 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excel- 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                   
               
               
                 516 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                 MCM 
                 1.1 
                 Ab- 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.09 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 ample 
                 −41 
                   
                 sent 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 517 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                   
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.26 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 518 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                   
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.44 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 519 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                   
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.87 
                 1.4 
                 Excel- 
                 Good 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                   
                 lent 
               
               
                 520 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 1.6 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.31 
                 2.1 
                 Excel- 
                 Good 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                   
                 lent 
               
               
                 521 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.57 
                 2.6 
                 Excel- 
                 Good 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                   
                 lent 
               
               
                 522 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 2.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.74 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Excel- 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                 lent 
               
               
                 523 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 2.7 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.18 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Excel- 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                 lent 
               
               
                 524 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 5.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.36 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Excel- 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                 lent 
               
               
                 525 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                 SBA 
                 10.9 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.71 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Excel- 
                 Excel- 
               
               
                 ample 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                 lent 
               
               
                 526 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 16.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 13.07 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Excel- 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample  
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                   
               
               
                 527 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 21.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 17.43 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Excel- 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 lent 
                   
               
               
                 528 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 20-1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Pre- 
                 Conversion  
                 treatment 
                 Zeolite type 
                 Catalytic  
                   
                 Performance evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 sence 
                 ratio of  
                 condition using  
                 compound 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalytic 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 or 
                 amount of 
                 precursor 
                   
                 Average 
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
                   
                 activity 
               
               
                   
                 material (A) 
                 ab- 
                 added metal- 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
                 in steam 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 sence 
                 containing 
                 Type of 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 diameter  
                   
                 Average 
                   
                 Cata- 
                   
                 reforming 
               
               
                   
                   
                 dia- 
                 of 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 lytic  
                   
                 of 
               
               
                   
                   
                 meter 
                 addi- 
                 (atomic ratio)  
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 channel  
                   
                 diameter 
                 D C / 
                 activ- 
                 Dur- 
                 methane 
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 tive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 D F  (nm) 
                 Type 
                 D C  (nm) 
                 D F   
                 ity 
                 ability 
                 gas 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ex- 
                 MCM 
                 1.0 
                 Pre- 
                 1000 
                 TPABr 
                 12 
                 72 
                 MFI 
                 0.56 
                 Ni 
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 ample 
                 −41 
                   
                 sent 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 529 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 530 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.40 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 531 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.80 
                 1.4 
                 Ex- 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
                   
               
               
                 532 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.20 
                 2.1 
                 Ex- 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
                   
               
               
                 533 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.44 
                 2.6 
                 Ex- 
                 Ex- 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 534 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.60 
                 2.9 
                 Ex- 
                 Ex- 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 535 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.00 
                 3.6 
                 Ex-  
                 Ex- 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 536 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 5.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.00 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Ex- 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 537 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                 SBA 
                 10.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.00 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Ex- 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 538 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 15.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.00 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Ex- 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 539 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 20.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.00 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Ex- 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 540 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                 MCM 
                 1.0 
                 Ab- 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 ample 
                 −41 
                   
                 sent 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 541 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 542 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.40 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 543 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.80 
                 1.4 
                 Ex- 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
                   
               
               
                 544 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.20 
                 2.1 
                 Ex- 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
                   
               
               
                 545 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.44 
                 2.6 
                 Good 
                 Ex- 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 546 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.60 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Ex- 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 547 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.00 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Ex- 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 548 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 5.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.00 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Ex- 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample  
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 549 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                 SBA 
                 10.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.00 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Ex- 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 550 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 15.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.00 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Ex- 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 551 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 20.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.00 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Ex- 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 552 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 20-2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Production conditions of catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Addition to precursor 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalyst structure 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 material (A) 
                 Hydrothermal  
                 Carrier 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Pre- 
                 Conversion  
                 treatment 
                 Zeolite type 
                 Catalytic  
                   
                 Performance evaluation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Precursor 
                 sence 
                 ratio of  
                 condition using  
                 compound 
                 material 
                   
                   
                   
                 Catalytic 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 material  
                 or 
                 amount of 
                 precursor 
                   
                 Average 
                 Metal fine 
                   
                   
                   
                 activity 
               
               
                   
                 (A) 
                 ab- 
                 added metal- 
                 material (C) 
                   
                 inner 
                 particle 
                   
                   
                   
                 in steam 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Pore 
                 sence 
                 containing 
                 Type of 
                   
                   
                 Frame- 
                 diameter  
                   
                 Average 
                   
                 Cata- 
                   
                 reforming 
               
               
                   
                   
                 dia- 
                 of 
                 solution  
                 structure 
                   
                 Time 
                 work 
                 of 
                   
                 particle 
                   
                 lytic  
                   
                 of 
               
               
                   
                   
                 meter 
                 addi- 
                 (atomic ratio)  
                 directing 
                   
                 period 
                 Struc- 
                 channel  
                   
                 diameter 
                 D C / 
                 activ- 
                 Dur- 
                 methane 
               
               
                 No. 
                 Type 
                 (nm) 
                 tive 
                 Si/M 
                 agent 
                 pH 
                 (h) 
                 ture 
                 D F  (nm) 
                 Type 
                 D C  (nm) 
                 D F   
                 ity 
                 ability 
                 gas 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ex-  
                 MCM 
                 1.0 
                 Pre- 
                 1000 
                 TMABr 
                 12 
                 120 
                 FER 
                 0.57 
                 Ni 
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 ample 
                 −41 
                   
                 sent 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 553 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 554 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.41 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 555 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.81 
                 1.4 
                 Ex- 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
                   
               
               
                 556 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.1 
                 Ex- 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
                   
               
               
                 557 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.47 
                 2.6 
                 Ex- 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
                   
               
               
                 558 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.63 
                 2.9 
                 Ex- 
                 Ex- 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 559 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.04 
                 3.6 
                 Ex-  
                 Ex- 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample  
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 560 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 5.1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.07 
                 7.1 
                 Good 
                 Ex- 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 561 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                 SBA 
                 10.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.14 
                 14.3 
                 Good 
                 Ex- 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 562 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 15.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 21.21 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Ex- 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 563 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 20.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.29 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Ex- 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 564 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                 MCM 
                 1.0 
                 Ab- 
                 1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.08 
                 0.1 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 ample 
                 −41 
                   
                 sent 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 565 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.24 
                 0.4 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
                 Fair 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 566 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.41 
                 0.7 
                 Good 
                 Fair 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 567 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 1.0 
                   
                 100 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.81 
                 1.4 
                 Ex- 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
                   
               
               
                 568 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 1.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.22 
                 2.1 
                 Ex- 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
                   
               
               
                 569 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                   
                 1.8 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.47 
                 2.6 
                 Ex- 
                 Good 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
                   
               
               
                 570 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 2.0 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1.63 
                 2.9 
                 Good 
                 Ex- 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 571 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 2.5 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2.04 
                 3.6 
                 Good 
                 Ex- 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 572 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 5.1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 4.07 
                 7.1 
                 Fair 
                 Ex- 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 573 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex-  
                 SBA 
                 10.2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 8.14 
                 14.3 
                 Fair 
                 Ex- 
                 Excellent 
               
               
                 ample 
                 −1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 574 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 15.3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 12.21 
                 21.4 
                 Fair 
                 Ex- 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 575 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Ex- 
                   
                 20.4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 16.29 
                 28.6 
                 Fair 
                 Ex- 
                 Good 
               
               
                 ample  
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 cellent 
                   
               
               
                 576 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As is clear from Tables 19-1 to 20-2, it was found that when the catalytic material is the Ni fine particles, the catalytic activity in the steam reforming of the methane gas is high. In addition, it is disclosed that in the steam reforming, metals in Groups 8, 9 and 10 excluding Os (Rh, Ru, Ni, Pt, Pd, Ir, Co and Fe) have high activity, and the main order of the activity is Rh, Ru&gt;Ir&gt;Ni, Pt, Pd. Therefore, it is assumed that at least Rh, Ru, Ir, Pt and Pd showing the activity equal to or higher than that of Ni, and particularly, Rh, Ru and Ir are also excellent in the catalytic activity in the steam reforming. 
     From the above description, it is possible to efficiently produce a reformed gas containing hydrogen by using the catalyst structure according to the present example, for a steam reforming reaction using a reforming feedstock such as a natural gas containing a hydrocarbon like methane, and for a partial oxidation reaction and the steam reforming reaction using a reforming feedstock containing a hydrocarbon such as methanol. Specifically, the catalyst structure according to the present example can exhibit adequate catalytic activity and durability similarly to the above description, in the steam reforming reaction (and in combined reaction with partial oxidation reaction) using the reforming feedstock containing various hydrocarbon. 
     OTHER EMBODIMENTS 
     (1) A production method for producing carbon monoxide and hydrogen from carbon dioxide and methane by using a catalyst structure, wherein 
     the catalyst structure comprises a carrier of a porous structure composed of a zeolite type compound, and 
     at least one catalytic material existing in the carrier, wherein 
     the carrier has channels communicating with each other, and 
     the catalytic material is a metal fine particle and exists at least in the channel of the carrier. 
     (2) The production method according to the above embodiment (1), wherein the production method has a step of supplying carbon dioxide and methane to the catalyst structure. 
     (3) The production method according to the above embodiment (1) or (2), wherein the production method includes using the catalyst structure in a synthesis gas producing apparatus, and subjecting carbon dioxide and methane to synthesis treatment in the synthesis gas producing apparatus. 
     (4) A production method for producing a reformed gas containing hydrogen from hydrocarbon and steam by using a catalyst structure wherein 
     the catalyst structure includes a carrier of a porous structure composed of a zeolite type compound, and 
     at least one catalytic material existing in the carrier, wherein 
     the carrier has channels communicating with each other, and 
     the catalytic material is a metal fine particle and exists at least in the channel of the carrier. 
     (5) The production method according to the above embodiment (5), wherein the production method has a step of supplying a reforming feedstock containing hydrocarbon and steam to the catalyst structure. 
     (6) The production method according to the above embodiment (4) or (5), wherein the production method includes using the catalyst structure in a reforming apparatus, and subjecting the reforming feedstock containing hydrocarbon to reforming treatment in the reforming apparatus.