Patent Publication Number: US-2022235846-A1

Title: Vibration damping bracket and electronic device

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/CN2020/092175, filed on May 25, 2020, which claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201910959037.X, filed on Oct. 10, 2019. All of the afore-mentioned patent applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     This application relates to the field of electronic device technologies, and in particular, to a vibration damping bracket and an electronic device. 
     BACKGROUND 
     There are various types of electronic devices. To meet different use requirements of users, electronic devices may be applied to different fields. For example, to monitor a traveling condition (such as a traffic condition or a driver condition) of a vehicle, a surveillance camera is gradually widely used in vehicles. To store image information collected by the surveillance camera, a storage device may be further mounted in the vehicle. For example, the storage device is a mechanical hard disk (Hard Disk Dive, HDD). The mechanical hard disk has advantages such as low costs and a large capacity, and therefore is widely used. However, the mechanical hard disk is relatively sensitive to vibration, and relatively large vibration affects normal working of the mechanical hard disk, and even causes damage to the mechanical hard disk and a data loss. To reduce strength of vibration transmitted to the mechanical hard disk, some manufacturers mount mechanical hard disks in vehicles by using steel wire rope shock dampers. However, the steel wire rope shock damper is expensive and heavy and needs large mounting space, and therefore is not conducive to wide-range use. 
     SUMMARY 
     This application provides a vibration damping bracket with good vibration damping performance, and an electronic device. 
     The vibration damping bracket provided in this application includes a fastening bracket, a first bracket body, a second bracket body, a first vibration damping component, and a second vibration damping component. The first bracket body is elastically connected to the fastening bracket by using the first vibration damping component. The second bracket body is elastically connected to the first bracket body by using the second vibration damping component. The first vibration damping component includes a metal elastic part configured to absorb vibration, and the second vibration damping component includes a rubber elastic part configured to absorb vibration, thereby implementing multi-level vibration absorption. Specifically, when there is vibration on the fastening bracket, in a process of transmitting the vibration from the fastening bracket to the first bracket body, the first vibration damping component absorbs the vibration to first damp the vibration; and in a process of transmitting vibration from the first bracket body to the second bracket body, the second vibration damping component absorbs the vibration to second damp the vibration, thereby implementing multi-level vibration absorption. In addition, considering that vibration usually has a relatively wide vibration frequency, to improve a vibration absorption effect, in the vibration damping bracket provided in this application, the first vibration damping component and the second vibration damping component may pertinently absorb vibration with different frequencies. Specifically, the first vibration damping component includes a metal elastic part configured to absorb vibration with a high frequency (for example, at least 500 Hz), and the second vibration damping component includes a rubber elastic part configured to absorb vibration with a low frequency (for example, below 500 Hz). Under joint action of the first vibration damping component and the second vibration damping component, vibration transmitted to the second bracket body can be effectively damped, so that the vibration damping bracket has a good vibration damping effect. 
     During specific implementation, the fastening bracket may be connected to the first bracket body in a plurality of manners. 
     For example, in an implementation provided in this application, the first bracket body is connected to the fastening bracket in a slidable assembly manner. To damp vibration perpendicular to a sliding direction between the first bracket body and the fastening bracket, the first vibration damping component includes a first vibration stopping part, and the first vibration stopping part is disposed in a sliding gap between the first bracket body and the fastening bracket. When vibration (displacement) perpendicular to the sliding direction exists between the first bracket body and the fastening bracket, the first vibration stopping part can well absorb the vibration through elastic deformation of the first vibration stopping part, to damp vibration transmission. 
     Specifically, the fastening bracket has a guiding groove, and the first bracket body has a guiding rail that slidably fits with the guiding groove. When the first bracket body and the fastening bracket are assembled, the guiding groove may be slidably fitted with the guiding rail, to complete the assembly between the first bracket body and the fastening bracket. To improve connection stability between the fastening bracket and the first bracket body, in some implementations, a plurality of guiding grooves may be disposed on the fastening bracket, a plurality of guiding rails may be disposed on the first bracket body, and the plurality of guiding grooves are disposed in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of guiding rails, to improve the connection stability between the fastening bracket and the first bracket body. 
     To damp vibration transmission between the fastening bracket and the first bracket body, in an implementation solution provided in this application, there is the sliding gap between the guiding rail and the guiding groove, the first vibration stopping part includes a spring plate, and the spring plate has at least one spring arm. The spring plate is disposed in the sliding gap between the guiding groove and the guiding rail, to implement the elastic connection between the first bracket body and the fastening bracket. When displacement (vibration) perpendicular to the sliding direction exists between the first bracket body and the fastening bracket, the spring plate can well absorb the vibration (or reduce a displacement amount) through elastic deformation of the spring plate, to achieve a vibration damping effect. 
     During specific implementation, the spring plate may be fastened to the guiding rail, and the spring arm may elastically abut against an inner wall of the guiding groove. Certainly, alternatively, the spring plate may be fastened into the guiding groove, and the spring arm may elastically abut against the guiding rail, to implement the elastic connection between the fastening bracket and the first bracket body. 
     In addition, because the fastening bracket and the first bracket body are assembled in the slidable assembly manner, to prevent the first bracket body from being detached from the fastening bracket (the guiding rail from sliding out of the guiding groove), in some implementations, the first vibration damping component may further include a limiting component. The limiting component is connected to the fastening bracket and the first bracket body to limit a maximum sliding distance between the fastening bracket and the first bracket body. That is, after the first bracket body and the fastening bracket are slidably assembled (the guiding rail is inserted into the guiding groove), to prevent the first bracket body from being detached from the fastening bracket (the guiding rail from sliding out of the guiding groove), the fastening bracket may be connected to the first bracket body by using the limiting component. In addition, sliding with a relatively small displacement can be allowed between the first bracket body and the fastening bracket. 
     Certainly, to prevent the fastening bracket from rigidly colliding with the first bracket body in the sliding direction, in some specific implementations, the first vibration damping component may further include a second vibration stopping part, to absorb vibration between the first bracket body and the fastening bracket in the sliding direction. 
     During specific implementation, the second vibration stopping part may be a coil spring, a metal spring plate, or another mechanical part that can be elastically deformed, to well absorb vibration. 
     In addition, in some specific implementations, the first bracket body may also be connected to the second bracket body in a plurality of manners. 
     Specifically, in a specific implementation provided in this application, the second vibration damping component includes a first rubber body, the first rubber body is disposed between the first bracket body and the second bracket body, and the first rubber body is fixedly connected to the first bracket body by using a first connecting portion and is fixedly connected to the second bracket body by using a second connecting portion. When vibration in the first bracket body is transmitted to the second bracket body, the vibration can be well absorbed under action of the first rubber body, to damp the vibration transmitted to the second bracket body. 
     During specific implementation, the first rubber body may be connected to the first bracket body in a plurality of manners, and correspondingly, the first rubber body may also be connected to the second bracket body in a plurality of manners. 
     For example, in an implementation provided in this application, the first rubber body is connected to the first bracket body by using a bolt. Specifically, the first connecting portion is structured as a threaded hole, the first bracket body has a through hole, and the bolt is screwed to the threaded hole in the first rubber body after being penetrated through the through hole in the first bracket body, to implement the fastened connection between the first rubber body and the first bracket body. The second connecting portion is structured as a threaded hole, the second bracket body has a through hole, and a bolt is screwed to the threaded hole in the first rubber body after being penetrated through the through hole in the second bracket body, to implement the fastened connection between the first rubber body and the second bracket body. Certainly, in some other specific implementations, the first rubber body may be connected to the first bracket body by using an adhesive such as glue, and correspondingly, the first rubber body may also be connected to the second bracket body by using an adhesive such as glue. 
     During specific implementation, the first rubber body may be a solid structure, or may be a hollow structure. 
     For example, in an implementation provided in this application, the first rubber body may be a centrally expanded columnar structure, the first connecting portion is disposed on one end of the first rubber body, the second connecting portion is disposed on the other end of the first rubber body, and a hollow portion is disposed between the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion. When there is vibration transmission between the first bracket body and the second bracket body, a deformation amount of the first rubber body may be improved due to disposition of the hollow portion. That is, under action of an external force (vibration), the first rubber body is more prone to elastic deformation, thereby improving a vibration absorption effect. During specific implementation, one or more hollow portions may be disposed, and the hollow portion may also have various shapes. 
     Certainly, in some implementations, the second vibration damping component may also have various structural forms. 
     For example, in a specific implementation provided in this application, the second vibration damping component includes a connecting part and a second rubber body, and the first bracket body is connected to the second bracket body by using the connecting part. The second rubber body is located between the second bracket body and the first bracket body and between the second bracket body and the connecting part, to prevent the second bracket body from being in rigid contact with the first bracket body and the connecting part. When vibration is transmitted from the first bracket body to the second bracket body, the second rubber body may effectively absorb the vibration. 
     During specific implementation, the connecting part may be a bolt, a fastening hole configured to fasten the second rubber body may be disposed in the second bracket body, and a threaded hole configured to be connected to the bolt may be disposed in the first bracket body. A through hole through which the bolt is penetrated is disposed in the second rubber body, and the bolt may be screwed to the second bracket body after being penetrated through the through hole in the second rubber body. Specifically, the second rubber body may be a columnar structure, the through hole through which the bolt is penetrated is disposed at an axis of the second rubber body, and an annular groove is disposed on the periphery of the second rubber body. The second rubber body may be inserted into the mounting hole through fitting between the annular groove and the mounting hole in the second bracket body. After the bolt is screwed to the threaded hole in the first bracket body, one end of the second rubber body abuts against a screw cap of the bolt, and the other end of the second rubber body abuts against the second bracket body, to prevent the second bracket body from being in rigid contact with the first bracket body and the bolt. 
     It may be understood that, the first bracket body may be connected to the second bracket body by using a plurality of second vibration damping components described above, to improve connection stability between the first bracket body and the second bracket body, and also effectively improve vibration absorption performance. In addition, in some implementations, more bracket bodies and more vibration damping components may be disposed to improve overall vibration damping performance of the vibration damping bracket. Specifically, in addition to the fastening bracket, the first bracket body, the second bracket body, the first vibration damping component, and the second vibration damping component, a third bracket body and a third vibration damping component may be further disposed in the vibration damping bracket. The third bracket body is elastically connected to the second bracket body by using the third vibration damping component. During specific implementation, a structure of the third vibration damping component may be the same as or approximately the same as the structure of the second vibration damping component. 
     During actual application, the vibration damping bracket in this application may be widely applied to any environment in which vibration needs to be damped. 
     For example, this application further provides an electronic device, including an electrical component and the foregoing vibration damping bracket. During specific implementation, there may be various specific types and quantities of electrical components. For example, the electrical component may be a processor, a removable hard disk, a circuit board, or the like. In addition, the electrical component may also be fastened to various positions on the vibration damping bracket. For example, some electrical components may be fastened to the first bracket body, and some electrical components relatively sensitive to vibration may be fastened to the third bracket body, so that positions of electrical components may be properly adjusted based on different requirements. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic structural diagram of a vibration damping bracket according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG. 2  is a schematic structural diagram of another vibration damping bracket according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG. 3  is a schematic structural diagram of a fastening bracket and a first bracket body according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG. 4  is a schematic structural diagram of another fastening bracket and first bracket body according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG. 5  is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of another fastening bracket and first bracket body according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG. 6  is a schematic partial structural diagram of fitting between another fastening bracket and first bracket body according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG. 7  is a schematic partial structural diagram of fitting between still another fastening bracket and first bracket body according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG. 8  is a schematic structural diagram of a first vibration stopping part according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG. 9  is a schematic structural diagram of another first vibration stopping part according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG. 10  is a schematic partial structural diagram of fitting between another fastening bracket and first bracket body according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG. 11  is a schematic structural diagram of fitting between a fastening bracket and a first bracket body according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG. 12  is a schematic structural diagram of fitting between another fastening bracket and first bracket body according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG. 13  is a schematic structural diagram of some components of a vibration damping bracket according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG. 14  is an exploded diagram of some components of a vibration damping bracket according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG. 15  is a schematic partial cross-sectional structural diagram of a vibration damping bracket according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG. 16  is a schematic structural diagram of a vibration damping bracket according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG. 17  is a schematic structural diagram of a second vibration damping component according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG. 18  is a schematic partial cross-sectional structural diagram of a vibration damping bracket according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG. 19  is a schematic exploded structural diagram of another second vibration damping component according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG. 20  is a schematic structural diagram of still another second vibration damping component according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG. 21  is a schematic structural diagram of another vibration damping bracket according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG. 22  is an exploded diagram of some components of a vibration damping bracket according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG. 23  is an exploded diagram of some other components of a vibration damping bracket according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG. 24  is a schematic structural diagram of another second rubber body according to an embodiment of this application; and 
         FIG. 25  is a schematic exploded structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following further describes this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
     To facilitate understanding of a vibration damping bracket provided in the embodiments of this application, the following first describes an application scenario of the vibration damping bracket. The vibration damping bracket provided in the embodiments of this application may be applied to an electronic device, to fasten and mount a functional component (such as a storage device, a circuit board, or a processor) in the electronic device, and further damp shock. For example, when the electronic device includes a mechanical hard disk, the mechanical hard disk may be fixedly mounted in the electronic device by using the vibration damping bracket, to damp vibration transmitted to the mechanical hard disk, thereby ensuring normal operation of the mechanical hard disk, and effectively preventing a bad condition such as a data loss. Certainly, the vibration damping bracket provided in the embodiments of this application may also be applied to a vehicle. For example, a functional component such as a mechanical hard disk, a photographing apparatus, or a processor may be mounted in the vehicle by using the vibration damping bracket, so that force transmission can be damped when the vehicle is bumped, crashed, or accelerated/decelerated, thereby ensuring normal working of the functional component such as the mechanical hard disk. Certainly, during actual application, the vibration damping bracket is also applicable to another functional component relatively sensitive to vibration. In addition, the vibration damping bracket may also be applied to an environment with obvious vibration (such as a street side or a construction site). 
     To implement a good vibration damping effect, in the vibration damping bracket provided in this application, multi-level filtering and absorption are performed on vibration in a form of multi-level vibration damping, and vibration with different frequencies is pertinently absorbed in cooperation with vibration damping parts with different performance, to improve shock absorption performance of the vibration damping bracket. To facilitate clear understanding of the technical solutions of this application, the following specifically describes, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the vibration damping bracket provided in the embodiments of this application. 
     Terms used in the following embodiments are merely intended to describe specific embodiments, but not intended to limit this application. The singular expressions “one”, “a”, “the foregoing”, “the”, and “this” used in this specification and the appended claims of this application are also intended to include expressions such as “one or more”, unless otherwise specified in the context clearly. It should be further understood that, in the following embodiments of this application, “at least one” or “one or more” means one, two, or more. The term “and/or” is used to describe an association relationship for describing associated objects and represents that three relationships may exist. For example, A and/or B may represent the following three cases: Only A exists, both A and B exist, and only B exists. A and B may be singular or plural. The character “/” generally indicates an “or” relationship between the associated objects. 
     Reference to “an embodiment”, “some embodiments”, or the like described in this specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described with reference to the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of this application. Therefore, statements such as “in an embodiment”, “in some embodiments”, “in some other embodiments”, and “in some other embodiments” that appear in different parts of this specification each do not necessarily mean reference to the same embodiment, but mean reference to “one or more but not all embodiments”, unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms “include”, “comprise” and “have”, and variations thereof all mean “include but not limited to”, unless otherwise specifically emphasized. 
     As shown in  FIG. 1 , in an embodiment provided in this application, a vibration damping bracket  1  includes a fastening bracket  10 , a first bracket body  11 , a second bracket body  12 , a first vibration damping component  13 , and a second vibration damping component  14 . The first bracket body  11  is elastically connected to the fastening bracket  10  by using the first vibration damping component  13 , and the second bracket body  12  is elastically connected to the first bracket body  11  by using the second vibration damping component  14 , to implement multi-level vibration absorption. Specifically, when there is vibration on the fastening bracket  10 , the vibration is transmitted from the fastening bracket  10  to the second bracket body  12  in the following sequence: the fastening bracket  10 →the first vibration damping component  13 →the first bracket body  11 →the second vibration damping component  14 →the second bracket body  12 . That is, when the vibration is transmitted from the fastening bracket  10  to the first bracket body  11 , the first vibration damping component  13  absorbs the vibration to first damp the vibration; and when vibration is transmitted from the first bracket body  11  to the second bracket body  12 , the second vibration damping component  14  absorbs the vibration to second damp the vibration, thereby implementing multi-level vibration absorption. In addition, considering that vibration usually has a relatively wide vibration frequency, to improve a vibration absorption effect, in an embodiment provided in this application, the first vibration damping component  13  and the second vibration damping component  14  may pertinently absorb vibration with different frequencies. Specifically, the first vibration damping component  13  includes a metal elastic part configured to absorb vibration with a high frequency (for example, at least 500 Hz), and the second vibration damping component  14  includes a rubber elastic part configured to absorb vibration with a low frequency (for example, below 500 Hz). Under joint action of the first vibration damping component  13  and the second vibration damping component  14 , vibration transmitted to the second bracket body  12  can be effectively damped, so that the vibration damping bracket  1  has a good vibration damping effect. 
     During specific implementation, the vibration damping bracket  1  is not limited to including one first vibration damping component  13  and one second vibration damping component  14 , and may alternatively include more vibration damping components, to implement multi-level vibration absorption. Specifically, as shown in  FIG. 2 , in an embodiment provided in this application, the vibration damping bracket  1  includes a fastening bracket  10 , a first bracket body  11 , a second bracket body  12 , a first vibration damping component  13 , and a second vibration damping component  14 , and further includes a third bracket body  15  and a third vibration damping component  16 . The first bracket body  11  is elastically connected to the fastening bracket  10  by using the first vibration damping component  13 , the second bracket body  12  is elastically connected to the first bracket body  11  by using the second vibration damping component  14 , and the third bracket body  15  is elastically connected to the second bracket body  12  by using the third vibration damping component  16 , to implement multi-level (three-level) vibration absorption. 
     Specifically, when there is vibration on the fastening bracket  10 , the vibration is transmitted from the fastening bracket  10  to the third bracket body  15  in the following sequence: the fastening bracket  10 →the first vibration damping component  13 →the first bracket body  11 →the second vibration damping component  14 →the second bracket body  12 →the third vibration damping component  16 →the second bracket body  15 . That is, when the vibration is transmitted from the fastening bracket  10  to the first bracket body  11 , the first vibration damping component  13  absorbs the vibration to first damp the vibration; when vibration is transmitted from the first bracket body  11  to the second bracket body  12 , the second vibration damping component  14  absorbs the vibration to second damp the vibration; and when vibration is transmitted from the second bracket body  12  to the third bracket body  15 , the third vibration damping component  16  absorbs the vibration to third damp the vibration, thereby implementing multi-level vibration absorption. During actual application, the third vibration damping component  16  may include a metal elastic part configured to absorb vibration with a high frequency (for example, at least 500 Hz), or may include a rubber elastic part configured to absorb vibration with a low frequency (for example, below 500 Hz). Under joint action of the first vibration damping component  13 , the second vibration damping component  14 , and the third vibration damping component  16 , vibration transmitted to the third bracket body  15  can be effectively damped, so that the vibration damping bracket  1  has a good vibration damping effect. 
     In some specific implementations, the first vibration damping component  13  may have a plurality of structural forms, and the first vibration damping component  13  may be connected to the fastening bracket  10  and the first bracket body  11  in a plurality of manners. 
     As shown in  FIG. 3 , in an embodiment provided in this application, the first bracket body  11  is slidably mounted on the fastening bracket  10 . Specifically, the fastening bracket  10  has an accommodation cavity  101  configured to accommodate the first bracket body  11  (it may be understood that, in some implementations, the first bracket body  11  may be nakedly mounted on the fastening bracket  10 ). When the first bracket body  11  and the fastening bracket  10  are assembled, the first bracket body  11  is slidably assembled into the accommodation cavity  101 . During specific implementation, an outer wall of the first bracket body  11  may slidably fit with an inner wall of the accommodation cavity  101  directly, or slidably fitting structures may be disposed on the first bracket body  11  and the fastening bracket  10  to implement the slidable assembly between the first bracket body  11  and the fastening bracket  10 . 
     Still referring to  FIG. 3 , in an embodiment provided in this application, the outer wall of the first bracket body  11  slidably fits with the inner wall of the accommodation cavity  101 , and there is a sliding gap  102  between the outer wall of the first bracket body  11  and the inner wall of the accommodation cavity  101 . To damp vibration transmission between the first bracket body  11  and the fastening bracket  10 , in an embodiment provided in this application, the first vibration damping component  13  includes a first vibration stopping part  131 , and the first vibration stopping part  131  is disposed in the sliding gap between the first bracket body  11  and the fastening bracket  10 , to maintain a relative position between the first bracket body  11  and the fastening bracket  10 . In addition, when displacement (vibration) perpendicular to a sliding direction exists between the first bracket body  11  and the fastening bracket  10 , the first vibration stopping part  131  can well absorb the vibration through elastic deformation of the first vibration stopping part  131 , to achieve a vibration damping effect. 
     During specific implementation, one end of the first vibration stopping part  131  may be fastened to the first bracket body  11 , and the other end of the first vibration stopping part  131  elastically abuts against the inner wall of the accommodation cavity  101 . Certainly, in some specific implementations, one end of the first vibration stopping part  131  may be fixedly connected to the inner wall of the accommodation cavity  101 , and the other end of the first vibration stopping part  131  elastically abuts against the outer wall of the first bracket body  11 . In addition, to improve connection stability and shockproof performance between the first bracket body  11  and the fastening bracket  10 , in some specific implementations, a plurality of first vibration stopping parts  131  may be disposed, and evenly spaced in the sliding gap  102 . 
     Certainly, in another implementation, slidably fitting structures may be disposed on the first bracket body  11  and the fastening bracket  10  to implement the slidable assembly between the first bracket body  11  and the fastening bracket  10 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 4  and  FIG. 5 , in an embodiment provided in this application, the accommodation cavity of the fastening bracket  10  has a guiding groove  103   a  and a guiding groove  103   b , and the first bracket body  11  has a guiding rail  111   a  and a guiding rail  111   b  that slidably fit with the guiding groove  103   a  and the guiding groove  103   b . When the first bracket body  11  and the fastening bracket  10  are assembled, the guiding groove  103   a  may be slidably fitted with the guiding rail  111   a  and the guiding groove  103   b  may be slidably fitted with the guiding rail  111   b , and then the first bracket body  11  is pushed into the accommodation cavity  101 , to complete the assembly between the first bracket body  11  and the fastening bracket  10  (it may be understood that an assembly manner between the first bracket body  11  and the fastening bracket  10  is similar to a drawer-type structure). To improve connection stability between the fastening bracket  10  and the first bracket body  11 , in an embodiment provided in this application, the guiding groove  103   a  and the guiding groove  103   b  are oppositely disposed in the accommodation cavity  101 , and correspondingly, the guiding rail  111   a  and the guiding rail  111   b  are respectively disposed on opposite left and right side surfaces of the first bracket body  11 . Certainly, in another implementation, a guiding groove structure may be disposed on the first bracket body  11 , or a guiding rail structure may be disposed on the fastening bracket  10 . In addition, there may also be various quantities and structural forms of guiding rails and guiding grooves. 
     To damp vibration transmission between the fastening bracket  10  and the first bracket body  11 , as shown in  FIG. 6 , the guiding rail  111   a  and the guiding groove  103   a  are used as an example. In an embodiment provided in this application, there is the sliding gap  102  between the guiding rail  111   a  and the guiding groove  103   a . Referring to  FIG. 7 , the first vibration stopping part  131  may specifically include a spring plate  1311 , and the spring plate  1311  has spring arms  1312   a ,  1312   b ,  1312   c , and  1312   d . The spring plate  1311  is disposed in the sliding gap  102  between the guiding groove  103   a  and the guiding rail  111   a , to implement the elastic connection between the first bracket body  11  and the fastening bracket  10 . When displacement (vibration) perpendicular to the sliding direction exists between the first bracket body  11  and the fastening bracket  10 , the spring arms  1312   a ,  1312   b ,  1312   c , and  1312   d  can well absorb the vibration (or reduce a displacement amount) through elastic deformation of the spring arms  1312   a ,  1312   b ,  1312   c , and  1312   d , to achieve a vibration damping effect. 
     During specific implementation, the spring plate  1311  may be fastened to the guiding rail  111   a , and the spring arm  1312   a  and the spring arm  1312   b  may elastically abut against an inner wall of the guiding groove  103   a . Certainly, alternatively, the spring plate  1311  may be fastened into the guiding groove  103   a , and the spring arms may elastically abut against the guiding rail  111   a , to implement the elastic connection between the fastening bracket  10  and the first bracket body  11 . 
     In actual application, the spring plate  1311  may have various structural types, and the structural type may be adaptively adjusted based on specific structures of the guiding rail  111   a  and the guiding groove  103   a.    
     In an embodiment provided in this application, the guiding groove  103   a  is structured as an elongated groove structure with a rectangular cross section, and the guiding rail  111   a  is structured as an elongated structure with a rectangular cross section. To implement the elastic connection between the fastening bracket  10  and the first bracket body  11 , as shown in  FIG. 8 , in an embodiment provided in this application, the spring plate  1311  is structured as an elongated sheet-like structure with a roughly Ω-shaped cross section, that is, a shape profile of the spring plate  1311  is approximately the same as a profile of the gap  102  between the guiding groove  103   a  and the guiding rail  111   a , so that a space occupation amount of the spring plate  1311  can be effectively reduced. Referring to  FIG. 7 , the spring plate  1311  is fastened to the first bracket body  11  and buckled on the periphery of the guiding rail  111   a , and the spring plate  1311  has the upward bulged spring arm  1312   a  perpendicular to an upper surface of the guiding rail  111   a  and the downward bulged spring arm  1312   b  perpendicular to a lower surface of the guiding rail  111   a . After the fastening bracket  10  is slidably fitted with the first bracket body  11  (the guiding rail  111   a  is inserted into the guiding groove  103   a ), the spring plate  1311  can elastically abut against the inner wall of the guiding groove  103   a , so that vibration in a vertical direction can be absorbed. In addition, to enable the spring plate  1311  to absorb vibration in a horizontal direction, as shown in  FIG. 7  and  FIG. 8 , the spring plate  1311  further has the outward bulged spring arms  1312   c  and  1312   d  perpendicular to a side surface of the first bracket body  11 . After the fastening bracket  10  is slidably fitted with the first bracket body  11  (the guiding rail  111   a  is inserted into the guiding groove  103   a ), the spring plate  1311  can elastically abut against a side wall close to the guiding groove  103   a  in the fastening bracket  10 , to absorb the vibration in the horizontal direction. 
     Certainly, in some implementations, as shown in  FIG. 9 , the spring arm  1312   c  and the spring arm  1312   d  each may be disposed on a surface between the spring arm  1312   a  and the spring arm  1312   b  of the spring plate  1311 . As shown in  FIG. 10 , after the fastening bracket  10  is slidably fitted with the first bracket body  11  (the guiding rail  111   a  is inserted into the guiding groove  103   a ), the spring arm  1312   c  (and the spring arm  1312   d ) can elastically abut against a bottom wall of the guiding groove  103   a , to absorb the vibration in the horizontal direction. 
     When making the spring plate  1311 , a flat metal sheet may be used as an embryonic material, and then processes such as stamping and cutting are used to mold the spring plate  1311 . Certainly, in another implementation, the spring plate  1311  may be made by using a process such as injection molding. Details are not described in this application. 
     In addition, because the fastening bracket  10  and the first bracket body  11  are assembled in a slidable assembly manner, to prevent the first bracket body  11  from being detached from the fastening bracket  10  (the guiding rail from sliding out of the guiding groove), as shown in  FIG. 11 , in an embodiment provided in this application, the first vibration damping component  13  further includes a limiting component  132 . The limiting component  132  is connected to the fastening bracket  10  and the first bracket body  11  to limit a maximum sliding distance between the fastening bracket  10  and the first bracket body  11 . That is, after the first bracket body  11  and the fastening bracket  10  are slidably assembled (the guiding rail is inserted into the guiding groove), to prevent the first bracket body  11  from being detached from the fastening bracket  10  (the guiding rail from sliding out of the guiding groove), the fastening bracket  10  may be connected to the first bracket body  11  by using the limiting component  132 . In addition, sliding with a relatively small displacement can be allowed between the first bracket body  11  and the fastening bracket  10 . 
     Certainly, to prevent the fastening bracket  10  from rigidly colliding with the first bracket body  11  in the sliding direction, in an embodiment provided in this application, the first vibration damping component  13  further includes a second vibration stopping part  133 , to absorb vibration between the first bracket body  11  and the fastening bracket  10  in the sliding direction. 
     As shown in  FIG. 12 , in an embodiment provided in this application, the second vibration stopping part  133  is specifically a spring, one end of the second vibration stopping part  133  is fixedly connected to the first bracket body  11 , and the other end of the second vibration stopping part  133  is fixedly connected to the fastening bracket  10  (the second vibration stopping part  133  may serve as the limiting component  132 ). Under action of the second vibration stopping part  133 , the maximum sliding distance between the fastening bracket  10  and the first bracket body  11  can be limited, to prevent the fastening bracket  10  from being detached from the first bracket body  11 . In addition, when there is vibration between the fastening bracket  10  and the first bracket body  11  in the sliding direction, the second vibration stopping part  133  can further absorb the vibration through elastic deformation of the second vibration stopping part  133 , to damp vibration transmission between the fastening bracket  10  and the first bracket body  11 . 
     Certainly, in a specific implementation, the second vibration stopping part  133  may be a mechanical part such as a zigzag spring plate or a coil spring, and is not specifically limited in this application. 
     For example, as shown in  FIG. 13 , in another embodiment provided in this application, a captive screw  134 , a coil spring  135 , a screw  136 , and an auxiliary part  137  are combined to implement the elastic connection between the first bracket body  11  and the fastening bracket  10  in the sliding direction. Specifically, with reference to  FIG. 14  and  FIG. 15 , a sliding hole  1371  is disposed in the auxiliary part  137 , one end (a left end in  FIG. 15 ) of the screw  136  is fixedly connected to the first bracket body  11  after being penetrated through the sliding hole  1371  in the auxiliary part  137 , and the other end (a right end in  FIG. 15 ) of the screw  136  abuts against the fastening bracket  10 . When the first bracket body  11  and the fastening bracket  10  are made close to each other (vibrate), the coil spring  135  deforms due to compression, to absorb the vibration. The auxiliary part  137  has a through hole  1372 , and the first bracket body  11  has a through hole (not shown in the figure) coaxially disposed with the through hole  1372 . The captive screw  134  is screwed to a threaded hole  104  in the fastening bracket  10  after being penetrated through the through hole in the first bracket body  11  and the through hole  1372  in the auxiliary part. When the first bracket body  11  and the fastening bracket  10  are made far away from each other (vibrate), a coil spring  1341  in the captive screw  134  deforms due to compression, to absorb the vibration. Therefore, the elastic connection between the fastening bracket  10  and the first bracket body  11  is implemented. 
     Certainly, in another implementation, the position limiting and elastic connection between the first bracket body  11  and the fastening bracket  10  may be implemented in other structural forms. Details are not described in this application. 
     To improve vibration damping performance of the vibration damping bracket  1 , as shown in  FIG. 16 , in an embodiment provided in this application, the vibration damping bracket  1  further includes the second bracket body  12 , and the first bracket body  11  is elastically connected to the second bracket body  12  by using the second vibration damping component  14 . 
     Specifically, as shown in  FIG. 17  and  FIG. 18 , the second vibration damping component  14  includes a first rubber body  141 , the first rubber body is disposed between the first bracket body  11  and the second bracket body  12 , and the first rubber body  141  is fixedly connected to the first bracket body  11  by using a first connecting portion  142  and is fixedly connected to the second bracket body  12  by using a second connecting portion  143 . When vibration in the first bracket body  11  is transmitted to the second bracket body  12 , the vibration can be well absorbed under action of the first rubber body  141 , to damp the vibration transmitted to the second bracket body  12 . 
     During specific implementation, the first rubber body  141  may be connected to the first bracket body  11  in a plurality of manners, and correspondingly, the first rubber body  141  may also be connected to the second bracket body  12  in a plurality of manners. 
     For example, in an embodiment provided in this application, the first rubber body  141  is connected to the first bracket body  11  by using a bolt  144   a . Specifically, the first connecting portion  142  is structured as a threaded hole, the first bracket body  11  has a through hole (not shown in the figure), and the bolt  144   a  is screwed to the first connecting portion  142  in the first rubber body  141  after being penetrated through the through hole in the first bracket body  11 , to implement the fastened connection between the first rubber body  141  and the first bracket body  11 . The second connecting portion  143  is structured as a threaded hole, the second bracket body  12  has a through hole, and a bolt  144   b  is screwed to the second connecting portion  143  in the first rubber body  141  after being penetrated through the through hole in the second bracket body  12 , to implement the fastened connection between the first rubber body  141  and the second bracket body  12 . 
     When the first rubber body  141  is made, the first rubber body  141  may be molded by using a process such as injection molding, and the first connecting portion  142  and the second connecting portion  143  may also be integrally molded to form a threaded structure. 
     In some specific implementations, the first connecting portion  142  and the second connecting portion  143  may be independent mechanical parts. 
     As shown in  FIG. 19 , in an embodiment provided in this application, the first connecting portion  142  is a columnar structure with internal threads, and is embedded in the first rubber body  141 . During specific implementation, the first connecting portion  142  may be made of a metal material (such as stainless steel), so that the first connecting portion  142  has relatively strong structural strength, to improve connection strength between the first connecting portion  142  and the bolt  144   a . Correspondingly, the second connecting portion  143  may also be a columnar structure with internal threads, and is embedded in the first rubber body  141 . During specific implementation, the second connecting portion  143  may also be made of a metal material (such as stainless steel), so that the second connecting portion  143  has relatively strong structural strength, to improve connection strength between the second connecting portion  143  and the bolt  144   b . Therefore, connection strength between the first bracket body  11  and the second bracket body  12  is effectively improved. 
     Certainly, in another implementation, the first connecting portion  142  and the second connecting portion  143  may be structured as pin holes, the first rubber body  141  may be fixedly connected to the first bracket body  11  by using a pin, and the first rubber body  141  may be connected to the second bracket body  12  by using a pin. Certainly, in some specific implementations, the first rubber body  141  may be fixedly connected to the first bracket body  11  by using an adhesive such as glue, and correspondingly, the first rubber body  141  may also be fixedly connected to the second bracket body  12  by using an adhesive such as glue. 
     During specific implementation, the first rubber body  141  may be a solid structure, or may be a hollow structure. 
     As shown in  FIG. 20 , in an embodiment provided in this application, the first rubber body  141  is a centrally expanded columnar structure, the first connecting portion  142  is disposed on one end of the first rubber body  141 , the second connecting portion  143  is disposed on the other end of the first rubber body  141 , and a hollow portion  145  is disposed between the first connecting portion  142  and the second connecting portion  143 . When there is vibration transmission between the first bracket body  11  and the second bracket body  12 , a deformation amount of the first rubber body  141  may be improved due to disposition of the hollow portion  145 . That is, under action of an external force (vibration), the first rubber body  141  is more prone to elastic deformation, thereby improving a vibration absorption effect. 
     During specific implementation, one or more hollow portions  145  may be disposed, and the hollow portion  145  may also have various shapes. 
     In some specific implementations, to improve vibration absorption performance of the vibration damping bracket  1 , in addition to the fastening bracket  10 , the first bracket body  11 , the second bracket body  12 , the first vibration damping component  13 , and the second vibration damping component  14  in the foregoing embodiments, more bracket bodies and vibration damping components may be disposed in the vibration damping bracket  1 . 
     Specifically, as shown in  FIG. 21 , in an embodiment provided in this application, the vibration damping bracket  1  further includes the third bracket body  15  and the third vibration damping component  16 . The third bracket body  15  is elastically connected to the second bracket body  12  by using the third vibration damping component  16 . During specific implementation, as shown in  FIG. 22  and  FIG. 23 , the third vibration damping component  16  may include a connecting part  161  configured to connect the second bracket body  12  and the third bracket body  15 . To damp vibration transmission between the second bracket body  12  and the third bracket body  15 , the third vibration damping component  16  may further include a second rubber body  162 . The second rubber body  162  may be located between the third bracket body  15  and the second bracket body  12  and between the third bracket body  15  and the connecting part  161 , to effectively prevent the third bracket body  15  from being rigidly connected to the connecting part  161  and the second bracket body  12 . When vibration is transmitted from the second bracket body  12  to the third bracket body  15 , the vibration may be absorbed by using the second rubber body  162 . 
     During specific implementation, the second rubber body  162  and the connecting part  161  may have various structures and fitting relationships. 
     Still referring to  FIG. 22  and  FIG. 23 , in an embodiment provided in this application, the connecting part  161  may be specifically a bolt, a fastening hole  151  configured to fasten the second rubber body  162  may be disposed in the third bracket body  15 , and a threaded hole  121  configured to be connected to the connecting part  161  may be disposed in the second bracket body  12 . A through hole (not shown in the figure) through which the connecting part  161  is penetrated is disposed in the second rubber body  162 , and the connecting part  161  may be screwed to the second bracket body  12  after being penetrated through the through hole in the second rubber body  162 . 
     To implement fastening between the third bracket body  15  and the second rubber body  162 , referring to  FIG. 24 , in an embodiment provided in this application, the second rubber body  161  is a columnar structure, a through hole  1621  through which the connecting part  161  is penetrated is disposed at an axis of the second rubber body  161 , and an annular groove  1622  is disposed on the periphery of the second rubber body  161 . The third bracket body  15  has an opening  152  connected to the fastening hole  151 , and the second rubber body  161  may be inserted into the fastening hole  151  through the opening  150 , so that the annular groove  1622  is tightly clamped to the fastening hole  151  in the third bracket body  15  through fitting. After the connecting part  161  is screwed to the threaded hole  121  in the second bracket body  12 , one end (an upper end in  FIG. 24 ) of the second rubber body  161  abuts against a screw cap of the connecting part  161 , and the other end (a lower end in  FIG. 24 ) of the second rubber body  161  abuts against the second bracket body  12 , thereby preventing the third bracket body  15  from being in rigid contact with the second bracket body  12  and the connecting part  161 . 
     In some specific implementations, to improve vibration absorption performance of the second rubber body  162 , as shown in  FIG. 24 , convex structures  1623  may be disposed on both ends of the second rubber body  162  and in the through hole  1621 . Specifically, an upper-end convex structure  1623  may abut against the screw cap of the connecting part  161 , a lower-end convex structure  1623  may abut against the second bracket body  12 , and a convex structure  1623  in the through hole  1621  may abut against a rod portion of the connecting part  161 . When vibration to be transmitted to the third bracket body  15  exists on the second bracket body  12 , the convex structures  1623  are more prone to elastic deformation, to efficiently absorb (relatively slight) vibration, thereby improving the shock absorption performance of the second rubber body  162 . 
     It may be understood that the first bracket body  11  may be alternatively elastically connected to the second bracket body  12  by using the foregoing third vibration damping component  16 , and correspondingly, the second bracket body  12  may be alternatively elastically connected to the third bracket body  15  by using the foregoing second vibration damping component  14 . In addition, in some specific implementations, the vibration damping bracket  1  may further include more levels of bracket bodies and vibration damping components. For example, the vibration damping bracket  1  may further include a fourth bracket body similar to the third bracket body  15  and a fourth vibration damping component similar to the third vibration damping component  16 . The fourth bracket body may be elastically connected to the third bracket body  15  by using the fourth vibration damping component, and the fourth vibration damping component may be a structure similar to the foregoing first vibration damping component  13  or second vibration damping component  14 , or may be a different structure. In addition, a plurality of second bracket bodies  12  may be fastened to the first bracket body  11 , and each second bracket body  12  may be fastened to the first bracket body  11  by using a plurality of second vibration damping components  14 . A plurality of third bracket bodies  15  may also be fastened to the second bracket body  12 , and each third bracket body  15  may be fastened to the second bracket body  12  by using a plurality of third vibration damping components  16 . 
     During actual application, the vibration damping bracket  1  provided in the embodiments of this application may be widely applied to any environment in which vibration needs to be damped. 
     For example, as shown in  FIG. 25 , an embodiment of this application further provides an electronic device  2 , including an electrical component  21  and the vibration damping bracket  1  in any one of the foregoing embodiments. 
     For example, the vibration damping bracket  1  includes a fastening bracket  10 , a first bracket body  11 , a second bracket body  12 , a third bracket body  15 , a first vibration damping component  13 , a second vibration damping component  14 , and a third vibration damping component  16 . The electrical component  21  may be fixedly mounted on the third bracket body  15 , and the fastening bracket  10  may be used as a housing of the electronic device  2  or as a mechanical part having another function. 
     During actual application, there may be various specific types and quantities of electrical components  21 . For example, the electrical component  21  may be a processor, a removable hard disk, a circuit board, or the like. In addition, the electrical component  21  may also be fastened to various positions on the vibration damping bracket  1 . For example, in an embodiment provided in this application, two electrical components  21  are included, and each electrical component  21  is fastened by using two third bracket bodies  15 . 
     In some implementations, some electrical components  21  may be fastened to the first bracket body  11 , and some electrical components  21  relatively sensitive to vibration may be fastened to the third bracket body  15 , so that positions of electrical components  21  may be properly adjusted based on different requirements. 
     In addition, in an embodiment provided in this application, the fastening bracket  10  may further serve as a heat sink to accelerate dissipation of heat in the electrical component  21 . Specifically, a component such as a heat sink fin  105  or a fan may be disposed on the fastening bracket  10 , to improve heat dissipation performance of the fastening bracket  10 , thereby ensuring normal working of the electrical component  21 . Certainly, in some implementations, a structure similar to the heat sink fin  105  may also be disposed on the first bracket body  11 , the second bracket body  12 , or the third bracket body  15  to improve heat dissipation performance. 
     The foregoing descriptions are merely specific implementations of this application, but are not intended to limit the protection scope of this application. Any variation or replacement readily figured out by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application shall fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.