Patent Publication Number: US-11659925-B2

Title: Enhanced storage support platform

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims priority as a division of Ser. No. 17/120,783, filed Dec. 14, 2020, which itself claims priority as a Continuation-in-Part of application Ser. No. 16/943,333, filed Jul. 30, 2020, which itself claims priority to and the benefit of provisional applications 62/882,115, filed Aug. 2, 2019, 62/896,663, filed Sep. 6, 2019, and 62/983,967, filed Mar. 2, 2020. The contents of each of these applications is incorporated herein by reference, in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Storage systems are commonly used in warehouses, department stores, and storage facilities to store products thereon. Storage systems containing a plurality of storage racks may hold and support large amounts and often heavy materials. Often, the goods are stored on pallets, which can weigh 3000 pounds or more when fully loaded. 
     Storage rack systems often employ a number of vertical columns that are sturdily positioned on a base or floor. A plurality of horizontal supporting beams are often fastened to the vertical columns, such as with bolts or rivets. Typically, a number of horizontal support members are positioned directly on and substantially perpendicular to the horizontal supporting beams to provide a supporting surface for shelves, pallets, mesh surfaces, etc. 
     If the support members are not fastened to the horizontal beams, they can become displaced as items are loaded over the support members or as a storage surface is placed on the support members. Attaching the support members to the horizontal beams can be complicated and can result in structures extending past the edge of the beams. This can interfere with the loading and unloading processes, or snare objects passing by, thereby hindering the stability and reliability of the storage rack. 
     Often, pallets and cartons are loaded on the storage surfaces and then additional pallets or cartons are loaded on the same surfaces, by pushing these new containers against the previously loaded containers. If care is not taken, loading the new containers can unintentionally push the existing containers off the rear of the storage surface. 
     Accordingly, it is desirable to provide an improved storage surface and method of securing the surface to horizontal beams that overcomes drawbacks of existing systems and methods. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention relates to a rack support system. The rack can be formed with vertical columns with horizontal support beams thereon. Support members can lay across the beams and support a deck as a storage surface for pallets, cartons and the like. 
     One preferred support member in accordance with the invention can be cold formed. Formed support members in accordance with the invention are constructed to be structurally steady, easy to manufacture and do not interfere with the operations of loading and unloading processes is disclosed herein. The support member can support a storage platform and stay in place as the platform and items are placed thereon. 
     In one embodiment of the invention, the formed support member comprises a downwardly facing U-shaped body, having a dome shaped cross section and an upwardly pointing apex to serve as a load bearing surface. The U-shaped body has a central section, preferably uniform, that is elongated in an axial direction. The member can be formed by cold or hot working metals such as steel or aluminum, such as by pressing or rolling. The member is preferably formed from a single piece of material. Each end of the support member forms a connection flap and extends from the U-shaped body in a downward direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the support member. The transition from the central section should be curved and non-angular. The connection flap can be formed by cold or hot working, such as rolling, pressing or bending. It preferably has a generally pentagon-like shape and at least one bolt receiving hole therethrough. 
     The connection flap should have a slightly curved shape at its top, where it transitions from the central section, to substantially conform to the internal concavity of a horizontal I-beam or C-beam, as the horizontal support beam to which it is attached. A first engaging end of the connection flap should have a substantially flat portion to nest against the flat vertical wall of the horizontal beam and having at least one opening, such as a bolt receiving hole. The engaging end can include multiple holes to correspond to multiple sizes of horizontal beams, such as connection holes in the center of 3 inch, 3.5 inch or 4 inch high horizontal beams. 
     The support member can also include a second end extending from the central section in an opposite direction along the same longitudinal axis as the first end. The second end can have a mirror image of the first end as a curved shape to substantially conform to the internal concavity of another C-beam or I-beam horizontal supporting beam. The second end can also have a second engaging end that is substantially flat for engaging the vertical wall of the horizontal support beam and curved at its top to conform to the upper concave portion of the horizontal C-beam or I-beam. The second engaging end can have at least one hole to overlap a hole formed through the horizontal beam. The second engaging end can have multiple holes for use with multiple sized horizontal beams. These inverted U-shaped support beams are best suited for lengths of about 2-4, more preferably about 2.5-3.5 feet. 
     A storage system in accordance with another embodiment of the invention comprises the formed support member disclosed herein having a storage surface, such as a deck or grating thereon. The deck/grating can comprise a plurality of evenly spaced parallel rods or thick wires that are substantially parallel to the formed support members and a plurality of evenly spaced perpendicular rods or thick wires that are substantially perpendicular to the formed support members. The perpendicular rods/wires should be positioned underneath the parallel rods, so that weight on the parallel rods is directly transmitted to the perpendicular rods, which rest directly across the support members. The system can include 2, 3, 4 or more support members depending on the width of the storage surface. The intersections of the parallel rods and the perpendicular rods may be welded, woven or joined by any other conventional methods. 
     At least the front end or both ends of the deck can be bent downward to form an upper curved shape and preferably a lower flat shape and substantially conform to the internal concavity of the respective horizontal supporting beam and the curvature of the end of the formed support member, so that the end of the parallel rods fit snugly between the horizontal supporting beam and the formed support member. A bolt can extend through a bolt receiving hole in a vertical wall of the horizontal beam, through the space between rods at the end of the deck/grating, then through the hole in the engaging end of the formed support member. The bolt head should be on the outside of the beam. Therefore, no part of the support structure, including the deck, other than the head of a bolt, needs to extend past the outer plane of the horizontal beam. 
     A deck in accordance with an embodiment of the invention can be configured such that the upper surface formed by the parallel rods is substantially in about the same plane as an upper surface of at the horizontal support members, and preferably the upper surface of at least the front horizontal support beam. This facilitates loading goods, pallets and the like onto the deck without obstruction. The support members can be slightly deflected at the transition to the connection flap to lower the load bearing surface at the top of the support member by the approximate thickness of the deck/grating, such that the storage surface is on the same plane as the horizontal beam(s). 
     The perpendicular rods should be substantially in contact with the supporting load bearing surface of the formed support member(s) so that the formed support member(s) provide sufficient support to the deck thereon. 
     The deck can also comprise a set of at least two fastening rods affixed on both ends of the parallel rods. These ends are bent downward, substantially perpendicular to the storage surface. The fastening rods should be substantially parallel to the perpendicular rods and substantially perpendicular to the parallel rods and the formed support member. The fastening rods should be spaced to fit bolts of various sizes between the openings (bolt receiving openings) between the various rods. 
     The formed support member may comprise one, two, three or more holes through the first engaging end and the second engaging end. The horizontal support beams are typically formed with bolt receiving holes therethrough, typically through the vertical wall, midway between the top and bottom edge/flange. The hole(s) through the first or second engaging end of the support member should be positioned to accommodate differently sized horizontal support beams and decks, so that once a deck is positioned above one or more formed support members, at least one hole through the first or second engaging ends of the formed support member is aligned with a space between two adjacent fastening rods and a hole through the horizontal support beam, for insertion of a bolt to extend through the beam, past the rods and through the engaging end. 
     In another embodiment of the invention, the front and rear ends of the deck are not symmetrical. For example, a front end of the deck can be deflected downward, to nest between the front ends of the support members and the front horizontal beam. The top of the deck can be substantially even with the top of the front horizontal beam, to make loading and unloading of objects easier. The rear end of the deck can be deflected upward, to extend up from a storage surface plane defined by the deck. This rear end can function as a pallet stop, to provide resistance against pallets, cartons or other containers being inadvertently pushed off the rear end of the deck. 
     In one embodiment of the invention, the rear end of the deck is substantially flush with a rear horizontal beam. In another embodiment of the invention, the rear end extends out, past the rear horizontal beam, by several inches (e.g., 1-12), in order to provide additional storage space past the rear horizontal beam. The rear end of the deck can be deflected slightly upwards, to extend over the top surface of the horizontal beam for a first length, and then extend upwards, in a direction substantially perpendicular to the deck, for a second length. The rear end of the deck can extend up from the storage surface plane by at least about 2 inches, for example, about 2-5 inches, preferably about 2-4 inches, more preferably about 2.5-3.5 inches. The first deflection can be at an angle of about 5°-40°, preferably about 5°-30°, more preferably about 10°-20. The second deflection should be at an angle of about 85° to 35°, preferably about 85° to about 45°. 
     Deck/storage surface structures in accordance with the invention can comprise a set of three, four or more fastening rods on both ends of the parallel rods, sized and positioned to accommodate differently sized horizontal support beams and formed support members, so that once a deck is positioned above one or more formed support members, at least one space between two adjacent fastening rods is aligned with a hole through the horizontal support beam, between the rods and through the engaging end of the formed support member. 
     An angle shaped support member, generally rolled, in accordance with another embodiment of the invention, has a function similar to the inverted U-shaped support member, but can more easily be constructed to have greater strength, to span greater distances between horizontal support beams. This can more conveniently provide deck surfaces of greater area to accommodate larger areas of goods. For example, angle shaped support members can be used to span beam gaps over 4, 5, and even 6 feet and larger. 
     An angle shaped support member has a generally “L”-shaped cross section. The angle shaped support member can be formed with a top wall, providing a load bearing surface, aligned with a horizontal plane and a vertical wall extending down and perpendicular to the horizontal plane, with a substantially right angle therebetween. 
     The top wall and vertical wall can be symmetric or can have differing lengths from the vertex in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the angle shaped support member. In one embodiment of the invention, the top wall has a width of about 1.5 to 3, preferably about 2 inches perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and the vertical wall has a height of 1.5 to 4 inches, preferably 2, 2.5 or 3 inches perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. 
     In one embodiment of the invention, an engagement end is formed at both ends of the angle shaped support member by slicing the vertex at the first and second ends of the angle shaped support member. The top surface is then bent downward. The endmost portion of the top surface is bent perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, to present a flat surface facing the horizontal support beam. One or more bolt receiving holes can be formed through the flat surface at the engagement end of the angle shaped support member to overlap a bolt receiving hole through the horizontal support beam. The portion of the vertical surface extending past the slice in the vertex can be cut or bent out of the way. 
     In another embodiment of the invention, an angle bracket having an attachment arm and an engagement arm at a right angle to the attachment arm is attached to both ends of the angle shaped support member. In one embodiment of the invention, the attachment arm is welded to the outside surface of the vertical wall and the engagement arm extends across the front end of the support member. The engagement arm includes 1, 2, 3, or 4 or more bolt receiving or other holes therethrough and can nest flat, against the vertical wall of the horizontal beam, with the at least one hole overlapping a hole formed through the horizontal beam, for receiving a connection bolt. 
     Decks/support surfaces in accordance with the invention can be constructed to support more than 3000 pounds. The decks can have a width of about 40-50, preferably 43-47 inches, most preferably about 45⅝ inches and a depth of 37-47 inches, preferably 41-45 inches, most preferably about 43¾ inches. Angle shaped support members can have a top wall of about 1-3 inches, preferably 1.75-2.5 inches, most preferably about 2 inches and a vertical wall about 1.5-3.5, preferably 1.75-3.25 inches, most preferably about 2 or 3 inches. They can have lengths over 30, 40 and even 50 inches. Preferred lengths are 36-48 inches for many applications, although lengths of 4 to 5 feet are acceptable. 
     Angle brackets in accordance with the invention can have a width of about 2.5-3.5, preferably 3 inches, and an attachment surface to the support member of about 2.5-3.5, preferably 3 inches and a height of about 1.75-2.25, preferably 2 inches. The top of the angle bracket should be positioned lower than the top surface of the angle shaped support member, so that it nests under the upper flange of the horizontal support beam. In addition, room should be provided for the rods of the deck. Therefore, the angle bracket should be positioned low enough so that the upper surface of the support member, with deck thereon, is level with the upper surface of the horizontal support beam, to prevent goods from catching during loading or unloading. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    illustrates a first embodiment of a formed support member of the storage rack in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  2    illustrates a second embodiment of a formed support member of the storage rack in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure, wherein  FIG.  2 A  is a top view,  FIG.  2 B  is a front view and  FIG.  2 C  is a side view; 
         FIG.  3    illustrates a third embodiment of a formed support member of the storage rack in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure, wherein  FIG.  3 A  is a top view,  FIG.  3 B  is a side view and  FIG.  3 C  is an end view; 
         FIG.  4 A  illustrates a top view of a deck of a storage rack in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure;  FIGS.  4 B and  4 C  illustrate side views of the deck of the storage rack in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure; and  FIG.  4 D  illustrates a front end view of the deck of the storage rack in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  5 A  illustrates a top plan view of a system comprising a deck of a storage rack positioned on three formed support members in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure;  FIG.  5 B  illustrates a cross sectional view of the deck and one of the three formed support members in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure; and  FIG.  5 C  illustrates a front end view of the deck positioned on three formed support members in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  6    illustrates a front end view of a second embodiment of a system comprising a deck of a storage rack positioned on three formed support members in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure; and 
         FIG.  7    illustrates a front end view of a third embodiment of a system comprising a deck of a storage rack positioned on three formed support members in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  8    is a perspective view of a support member in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG.  9    is a top view of the support member of  FIG.  8   ; 
         FIG.  10    is a side view of the support member of  FIG.  8   ; 
         FIG.  11    is a front end view of the support member of  FIG.  8   ; 
         FIG.  12    is a perspective view of a support member in accordance with another embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG.  13    is a side view of a support member, bolted to a horizontal support beam and having a deck structure resting thereon, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG.  14    is an enlarged partial side view of an end portion of the structure of  FIG.  13   ; 
         FIG.  15    is a perspective partial cut away view of multiple deck structures supported by multiple support members supporting multiple deck structures, attached to horizontal support beams and supported by vertical columns, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG.  16    is an enlarged partial cut away perspective view of the structures depicted in  FIG.  15   ; 
         FIG.  17    is a partial cut away side view of the structure of  FIG.  15   ; 
         FIG.  18    is a side view of a deck structure, formed in accordance with another embodiment of the invention; and 
         FIG.  19    is a side view of the deck structure of  FIG.  18   , on a support member and mounted to a pair of horizontal beams. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The present disclosure may be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description of the disclosure taken in connection with the accompanying figures, which form a part of this disclosure. It is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the specific devices, methods, conditions or parameters described and/or shown herein, and that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments by way of example only and is not intended to be limiting of the claimed disclosure. 
     Also, as used in the specification and including the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include the plural, and reference to a particular numerical value includes at least that particular value, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Ranges may be expressed herein as from “about” or “approximately” one particular value and/or to “about” or “approximately” another particular value. When such a range is expressed, another embodiment includes from the one particular value and/or to the other particular value. Similarly, when values are expressed as approximations, by use of the antecedent “about,” it will be understood that the particular value forms another embodiment. 
     Warehouse support structures are commonly used to support heavy loads of 3000 pounds and more. Some are fastened to the inside surface of a horizontal support beam attached to a vertical column. A structural support member in accordance with the invention can span the horizontal support beams and support a platform, such as a mesh platform. The support member can be an inverted formed U or an angle beam. The angle beam should have an attachment bracket secured to each end, at a height to permit the platform to have the same height as the horizontal beam. The mesh platform should nest in the inside surface of the horizontal beam, between the support member and the beam. 
     The support beam can have a central section having a first end and a second end and an attachment portion extending past and downward from the first or second end. The central section can have a L-shaped cross section, with a top wall extending horizontally from a vertex and a side wall extending vertically from the vertex at a right angle to the top wall. The vertical wall can have a length terminating at the first or second end of the central portion and the attachment portion can comprise an attachment portion of the top wall, at least at the first end of the central section. 
     In one embodiment of the invention, the top wall can extend past the length of the vertical wall and deflect downward from a plane of the top wall at a first bend and deflects further downward at a second bend, such that after the second bend, the portion of the top wall extending past the first end of the central section extends vertically downward at a right angle to the top wall. At least one bolt receiving holes should be is formed through the attachment portion. A mesh platform can rest on the top wall, the platform having a main portion parallel to the plane of the top wall and edges that curl down from the plane of the top wall and conform to the attachment portion. 
     The support member can be secured to a horizontal C-beam having a concave surface defined by a top flange, a vertical wall and a bottom flange, wherein the connection portion conforms to the shape of a surface of the top flange and vertical wall of the C-beam faces the connection portion. A bolt can extend, in sequence, through the C-beam, the edge of the mesh platform and the connection portion. 
     Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. 
       FIG.  1    illustrates a first embodiment of a formed support member of a storage rack in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The formed support member  100  comprises a downwardly facing U-shaped body  110  elongated in an axial direction to form a supporting load bearing surface  101 . A first end  102  extended from a central section of the U-shaped body in one direction along the axis and has a curved portion to substantially conform to the internal concavity of a horizontal supporting beam and a substantially flat first engaging end  103  with at least one hole  104 . On the opposite direction of the first end  102 , a second end  105  extends from the central section of the U-shaped body in an opposite direction along the axis and also has a curved portion to substantially conform to the internal concavity of another horizontal supporting beam and a substantially flat second engaging end  106  being with at least one hole  107 . 
     The length l of the formed support member  100  is defined by the shortest distance between the first engaging end  103  and second engaging end  106 . The length l is in the range of from 20 to 44 inches, preferably, from 30 to 40 inches. The length l can be shorter or longer than the specifically recited ranges depending on the dimensions of the storage rack. 
     The width w of the first engaging end  103  and the width w′ of the second engaging end  106  are preferably in the range of from 3 to 5 inches. The width w and w′ can be shorter or longer than the specifically recited ranges depending on the dimensions of the storage rack, the weight of the load, the material of the formed support member and other unrecited factors. 
     The height h of the first engaging end  103  and the height h′ of the second engaging end  106  are in the range of from 1 to 4 inches. The height h and h′ can be shorter or longer than the specifically recited ranges depending on the dimensions of the storage rack, the weight of the load, the material of the formed support member and other unrecited factors. 
       FIG.  2    illustrates a second embodiment of a formed support member of the storage rack in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The specific dimensions of the formed support member are provided in  FIG.  2 A , which is a top view,  FIG.  2 B , which is a front view and  FIG.  2 C , which is a side view. In particular, the length l of the formed support member can be 38 to 42 inches. In one example, the length is 41 3/16 inches. The width w of the first engaging end  103  can be 2.5 to 4 inches. In one example, 3¼ inches. The height h of the first engaging end  103  can be 1.5 to 2.5 inches, in one example, 1⅞ inches. 
       FIG.  3    illustrates a third embodiment of a formed support member of the storage rack in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The specific dimensions of the formed support member are provided in  FIG.  3 A , which is a top view,  FIG.  3 B , which is a front view and  FIG.  3 C , which is a side view. In particular, the length l of the formed support member is 41 3/16 inches, the width w of the first engaging end  103  is 3¼ inches, and the height h of the first engaging end  103  is 2⅜ inches. 
       FIG.  4 A  illustrates a top view of a deck structure  200 , in the form of a mesh of thick wires for a storage rack in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Deck  200  comprises a plurality of evenly spaced parallel rods (e.g., thick wires), for example,  211 ,  212 ,  213 , etc., that are substantially parallel to the formed support members (not shown) and a plurality of evenly spaced perpendicular rods, for example,  221 ,  222 , etc., that are substantially perpendicular to the formed support members (not shown). The perpendicular rods are positioned underneath the parallel rods to rest on the formed support members, with the parallel rods thereon. The intersections of the parallel rods and the perpendicular rods may be welded or joined by any other conventional methods. The perpendicular rods shown in  FIG.  4 A  can have a length of 46⅛ inches. 
       FIGS.  4 B and  4 C  both illustrate front views of deck  200 .  FIG.  4 D  illustrates a side view of deck  200 . As shown in  FIG.  4 B , both ends of the parallel rods  213  are bent to extend downwardly to form a curved shape and substantially conform to the internal concavity of a horizontal supporting C-beam or I-beam (not shown) and the curvature of a formed support member (not shown) so that at least a portion of the ends of the parallel rods are snugly fitted between the horizontal supporting beam and the connection ends of the formed support member. The perpendicular rods, for example,  221  and  222 , are positioned underneath the parallel rod  213 . 
     As shown in  FIG.  4 D , deck  200  further comprises a set of two or three (or otherwise) fastening rods, for example,  231 ,  232  and  233 , affixed on both ends of the parallel rods. The fastening rods  231 ,  232  and  233  are substantially parallel to the perpendicular rods, for example,  221 , and substantially perpendicular to the parallel rods, for example,  211 ,  212  and  213 . The fastening rods are spaced to fit bolts of various sizes through the gaps therebetween. As shown in  FIG.  4 B , the distance between the fastening rods on both ends of a parallel rod is 41 3/16 inches. 
       FIG.  5 A  illustrates a top view of a system comprising deck  200  positioned on three formed support members  100  in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Deck  200  is positioned on three evenly spaced formed support members  100  as described above. 
       FIG.  5 B  illustrates a cross sectional view along plane “A” of deck  200  and one of the three formed support members  100  in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Both ends of the parallel rods  214  extend downwardly to form a curvature shape and substantially conform to an internal concavity  311  or  321  of a horizontal supporting beam  310  or  320 , respectively, and the curvature of formed support member  100 , so that at least a portion of the end of the parallel rods are snugly fitted between horizontal supporting beam  310  and  320  and connecting ends of formed support member  100 . 
     As shown in  FIG.  5 B , parallel rods, for example,  214 , may comprise a downward slope in a representative length of 2½ inches, so the top surface of the horizontal supporting beams  310  and  320  and the top surface of the parallel rods, for example,  211 ,  212 ,  213  and  214 , of the deck  200 , altogether form a flat surface to support the loads. Since the formed support members  100  are securely fastened and protected by the deck  200  and the horizontal supporting beams  310  and  320 , the system claimed herein is structurally steady and does not interfere with the operations of loading and unloading. 
     The deck is configured such that the upper storage surface formed by the parallel rods is substantially in the same plane as an upper surface of the horizontal support member. 
       FIG.  5 C  illustrates a front end side view of the deck being positioned and supported by three formed support members  100  in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The perpendicular rods, for example,  221 , are substantially in contact with supporting surface  101  of formed support members  100  so that the formed support member provides sufficient support to the deck  200  above. 
     As shown in  FIG.  5 C , all three formed support members  100  have one hole  104 , and deck  200  has three fastening rods  231 ,  232  and  233 . The holes  104  on the formed support members  100  are aligned with the bolt receiving space between fastening rods  232  and  233  to receive a bolt therethrough to fasten member s  100  to a horizontal support beam, not shown. 
       FIG.  6    illustrates a front end side view of a second embodiment of a system comprising a deck of a storage rack positioned on three formed support members  100  in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In this embodiment of the system, holes  104  on formed support members  100  are aligned with the space between fastening rods  231  and  232 . 
       FIG.  7    illustrates a side view of a third embodiment of a system comprising a deck of a storage rack positioned on three formed support members in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In this embodiment of the system, the holes on the formed support members are aligned with the space between fastening rods  232  and  233 . 
     The formed support member  100  may comprise one, two or three (or more) holes on the first engaging end and the second engaging end to accommodate different sized horizontal supporting beams and decks so that once a storage surface deck is positioned above one or more formed support members, at least one hole on the engaging ends of the formed support member is aligned with a space between two adjacent fastening rods for insertion of a bolt. Similarly, the deck may comprise a set of two, three, four or more fastening rods on both ends of the parallel rods to accommodate different sized horizontal supporting beams and formed support members, so that once a deck is positioned above one or more formed support members, at least one space between two adjacent fastening rods is aligned with a hole on the engaging ends of the formed support member. 
     In further embodiments of the invention, a formed support member having two holes on the engaging ends and a deck being assembled in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is provided. The holes are configured to permit proper attachment to and alignment with either a 3″ horizontal support member or a 4″ horizontal support member, while maintaining proper support for the deck. 
     In a further embodiment of the formed support member of the present invention, the width w of the first engaging end  103  and the width w′ of the second engaging end  106  are reduced so that the entire first engaging end  103  and the entire second engaging end  106  are positioned between two parallel rods, for example,  215  and  216  in  FIG.  5 A , so that any possible rotation introduced during the fastening process would be avoided or at least partially reduced. 
     The formed support member and storage surface grating can be fabricated from suitable materials, including, but not limited to, metal(s), including alloy(s), or combinations thereof, etc. Suitable metals include aluminum, copper, iron, tin, lead, titanium, zinc and etc. Suitable alloys including steel, solder, brass, pewter, duralumin, bronze, amalgams and etc. The formed support member may be fabricated from a single material or a combination of materials, including, but not limited to, the above exemplary materials, to achieve various desired characteristics such as strength, rigidity, performance and durability. Preferred support members are formed from a single piece of metal material. 
     The present disclosure is advantageous because the ends of the grating and the ends of the underneath formed support members are embraced by the horizontal supporting beams of a storage rack. As shown in  FIG.  3   , the exposed portion of the grating forms a flat supporting surface substantially in the same plane defined by the top surface of the horizontal supporting beams. Problems of formed support members being interfere with the loading and unloading processes are reduced, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the storage rack. 
     A heavy-duty support member  800  in accordance with another embodiment of the invention is shown generally in  FIGS.  8 - 11   . Heavy-duty support member  800  is more conveniently constructed to support heavier loads and span greater distances between horizontal support beams, as compared to formed supporting member  100 . Support member  800  has the cross section of an angle bracket and a central support section  810  in the form of an angle beam. Central section  810  includes a horizontal top wall  815  and a vertical side wall  817 . Top wall  815  defines a substantially flat, horizontal load bearing surface and side wall  817  depends vertically, and a right angle, from top wall  815 . The cross section of central section  810  has the shape of an “L”, with top wall  815  meeting side wall  817  at a vertex  816 . 
     Support member  800  includes a connection bracket  820  at both ends thereof, to secure support member  800  to a horizontal support beam, as illustrated, for example, in  FIGS.  13 - 15   . Connection bracket  820  has the shape and construction of an angle bracket, and includes a connection arm  821  connected to an engagement arm  823 , joined at a bracket vertex  822 . Connection arm  821  of connection bracket  820  can be welded or otherwise attached to central section  810 . 
     Preferably, connection arm  821  is joined to an outer surface of side wall  817 . An upper edge  825  of connection bracket  820  should be offset from the top surface of horizontal top wall  815 . In addition, connection bracket  820  should be offset from an end  819  of central section  810  with an offset gap  840 . This permits heavy-duty support member  800  to nest in the concave recess of a C-beam (or I-beam) with the top flange of the C-beam extending into the gap, so that engagement arm  823  can be flat with the horizontal wall of the C-beam and top wall  815  can be on the same plane as the top flange of the C-beam. One or more bolt receiving holes  829  is provided to secure support member  800  to the horizontal support beam. 
     Another embodiment of the heavy-duty support member is shown generally as support member  801  in  FIG.  12   . Support member  801  includes a top wall  815  meeting at side wall  817  at a vertex  816 , as in support member  800 . However, rather than attach a separate connection bracket  820 , support member  801  includes a formed engagement end  830 . 
     Support members  800  and  801  are preferably 30 to 50 inches long, preferably 36-48 inches long or more. Lengths of 4 to 5 feet and longer are possible. 
     Engagement end  830  is formed by slicing the ends of vertex  816  to form a horizontal flap  831  of top wall  815  and a vertical flap of side wall  817 . The vertical flap can be trimmed, as in  FIG.  12    or bent out of the way. Horizontal flap  831  is initially bent downward, to conform to the inner concave surface of the C-beam where horizontal flap  831  extends from top wall  815  and is bent further, to form an engagement surface  832  with a bolt receiving hole  833  therethrough. engagement surface  832  is formed to conform to the flat vertical wall of the C-beam, to join heavy-duty support member  801  to the horizontal support beam. 
       FIGS.  13  and  14    depict a support member  800  having a storage surface deck structure  250  thereon. Deck structure  250  includes an array of lower perpendicular rods  260 , with an array of upper parallel rods  270  perpendicular to rods  260 . Rods  260  can be welded or otherwise joined to rods  270  in form a rectangular mash to support pallets, cartons and other merchandise thereon. Each end  280  of deck  250  is bent downward, to conform to the inner concave shape of a horizontal support beam  850 . Ends  280  of deck  250  include a plurality of engagement rods  261 ,  262  and  263 . A bolt  270  is inserted through a bolt receiving hole through horizontal support beam  850 , in a bolt receiving space between two of the engagement rods  261  and  262  and through bolt receiving hole  829  through engagement bracket  820 . The various parts should be sized, arranged and configured, so that an upper surface of parallel rods  270  conforms to an upper surface  851  of horizontal support beam  850 . This will help facilitate loading and unloading of objects from deck  250 . 
     All a fully assembled storage system  900  is shown generally in  FIGS.  15 - 17   . Storage system  900  includes a plurality of vertical columns  910  which are stabley secured to a substrate floor surface. A plurality of horizontal beams  850  are bolted, or otherwise secured to columns  910 . A plurality of support members  800  are secured to horizontal beams  850 . A deck structure  250 ′ rests on support members  800 . The ends of deck structure  250 ′ bend downward, and fit between engagement ends  823  of support members  850 . A bolt  270  extends through a bolt receiving hole through horizontal beam  850 , between engagement rods  261  and  262  of deck  250 ′ and through hole  829  on the engagement surface  823  of engagement bracket  820 . 
     Alternative embodiments of support members having two holes on the engaging ends and a deck being assembled in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The holes can be configured to permit proper attachment to and alignment with either a 3, 3.5, or 4 inch horizontal support member, while maintaining proper support for the deck. 
     In a further embodiment of the formed support member of the present invention, the width w of the first engaging end and the width w′ of the second engaging end are reduced, so that the entire first engaging end  10  and the entire second engaging end are positioned between two parallel rods, for example,  215  and  216  in  FIG.  5 A , so that any possible rotation introduced during the fastening process would be avoided or at least partially reduced. 
     The formed support member and grating can be fabricated from suitable materials, including, but not limited to, metal(s), alloy(s), or combinations thereof, etc. Suitable metals include aluminum, copper, iron, tin, lead, titanium, zinc and etc. Suitable alloys including steel, solder, brass, pewter, duralumin, bronze, amalgams and etc. The formed support member may be fabricated from a single material or a combination of materials, including, but not limited to, the above exemplary materials, to achieve various desired characteristics such as strength, rigidity, performance and durability. 
     Referring to  FIG.  18   , a security deck  1800  is shown in side view. Security deck  1800  is similar to deck  200 , but includes a safety stop  1801  to help prevent containers from being inadvertently pushed off a rear end of deck  1800 . As with deck  200  the front end of the grating and the ends of formed support members  100 , on which it rests, are embraced by a front horizontal supporting beam  1310  and a rear horizontal supporting beam  1320  of a storage rack. As shown in  FIG.  18   , the exposed top portion of the grating forms a flat supporting surface defining a plane A 1 , substantially in the same plane defined by a top surface of the horizontal supporting beams  1310  and  1320 . 
     Deck  1800  comprises a plurality of evenly spaced parallel rods (e.g., thick wires), for example, a rod  1814 , that are substantially parallel to formed support members  100 , shown in  FIG.  19    and a plurality of evenly spaced perpendicular rods, for example,  1822  that are substantially perpendicular to formed support members  100 . Perpendicular rods  1822  are positioned underneath parallel rods  1814  and rest on formed support members  100 , with parallel rods  1814  thereon. The intersections of parallel rods  1814  and perpendicular rods  1822  may be welded or joined by any other conventional methods. The perpendicular rods shown in  FIG.  18    can have a length of about 44-48 inches, preferably about 46⅛ inches. 
     As shown in  FIG.  18   , front ends  1850  of the parallel rods  1814  are bent to extend downwardly, to form a curved shape and substantially conform to the internal concavity of front horizontal supporting C-beam or I-beam  1310  and the curvature of formed support member  100 , so that at least a portion of the ends of parallel rods  1814  fit snugly between horizontal supporting beam  1310  and the front connection end of formed support member  100 . 
     Deck  1800  further comprises a set of two or three (or otherwise) fastening rods  1831 ,  1832  and  1833 , affixed on the front end of parallel rods  1814 . The fastening rods can also be fixed to rear end  1860 . Fastening rods  1831 ,  1832  and  1833  are substantially parallel to perpendicular rods  1822 . Fastening rods  1831 ,  1832  and  1833  can be on the opposite side of parallel rods  1814  as is perpendicular rods  1822 . Fastening rods  1831 ,  1832  and  1833  are spaced to fit bolts of various sizes through the gaps therebetween. The rear end fastening rods can be on the same side of parallel rods  1814  as are perpendicular rods  1822 . Thus, the front and rear fastening rods should both be located on the outside surface of deck  1800 . 
       FIG.  19    illustrates a side view along of deck  1800  and one of the e.g., three formed support members  100  in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Rear ends  1860  of parallel rods  1814  extend upwardly to form safety stop  1800 . Rear end  1860  can be shaped as the mirror image of front end  1850 . 
     It is preferred that plane A 1  be substantially even with the top surface of front beam  1310 . Front end  1850  initially deflects downwards at an angle A 2 , to fit under the top flange of front beam  1310 . Front end  1850  then deflects downward, so as to be about perpendicular to plane A 1  and nest against the web of front beam  1310 . 
     Rear end  1860  first deflects upwards at an angle A 3 , to clear the top flange of rear beam  1320 . The first deflection can be about 5°-40°, preferably about 5°-30°, more preferably about 10°-20°. Angles A 2  and A 3  can be about the same. Rear end  1860  then deflects at a second inflection angle A 4 , to be about substantially perpendicular to plane A 1 , less angle A 3 . Second deflection angle A 4  should be at an angle of about 85° to 35°, preferably about 85° to about 45°. In another embodiment of the invention, safety stop  1801  can extend at least about 2 inches, preferably up to about 10 inches, more preferably about 2-6 inches rearwards from rear beam  1320 . In another embodiment of the invention, safety stop  1801  can extent up to 24 inches or higher to act as a partition and separate sections of the loading surface. 
     Parallel rods  1814  may comprise a downward slope in a representative length of about 2-3 inches, so the top surface of front horizontal beams  1310  the top surface of parallel rods  1814  of deck  1800 , altogether form a flat surface to support the loads. The deck is configured such that the upper storage surface formed by the parallel rods is substantially in the same plane as an upper surface of the horizontal support member. 
     Deck  1800  can be formed from various materials. Steel wire is particularly suitable. Wires in sizes at least as heavy as 7 or 8 gauge are suitable. Preferred decks are formed from wires of about 2-7 gauge, more preferably, 3-5 gauge and most preferably, 4 gauge. 
     While the above description contains many specifics, these specifics should not be construed as limitations of the invention, but merely as exemplifications of preferred embodiments thereof. Those skilled in the art will envision many other embodiments within the scope and spirit of the invention as defined by the claims appended hereto.