Patent Publication Number: US-7213905-B2

Title: Liquid ejecting device

Description:
The subject matter of application Ser. No. 10/807,440 is incorporated herein by reference. The present application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/807,440, filed Mar. 22, 2004, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,880,917, which is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/354,762, filed Jan. 30, 2003, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,749,236, which claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. JP2002-112947, filed Apr. 16, 2002, and Japanese Patent Application No. JP2002-320861, filed Nov. 5, 2002. The present application claims priority to these previously filed applications. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to a technology for controlling flying characteristics of liquid or a position to which liquid is delivered and to liquid ejecting device and method in which liquid in liquid cell is ejected from a nozzle. The present invention specifically relates to, in liquid ejecting device including heads each having a plurality of liquid ejecting portions arranged in parallel and liquid ejecting method using the heads each having the ejecting portions arranged in parallel, a technology for controlling a direction (a direction in which liquid is delivered) in which liquid is ejected from each liquid ejecting portion. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     Inkjet printers have been conventionally known as a type of liquid ejecting device including heads which each have a plurality of liquid ejecting portions arranged in parallel. A thermal method that uses thermal energy to eject ink is known as one of ink ejecting methods for inkjet printers. 
     In an example of printer-head chip structure using the thermal method, ink in an ink cell is heated by a heating element disposed in the ink cell to produce bubbles in the ink on the heating element, and the energy of the production of the bubbles ejects the ink. A nozzle is formed in the upper side of the ink cell. When the bubbles are produced in the ink in the ink cell, the ink is ejected from the ejecting outlet of the nozzle. 
     From the viewpoint of head structure, there are two methods, a serial method and a line method. In the serial method, an image is printed by moving a printer-head chip in the width direction of printing paper. In the line method, many printer-chip heads are arranged in the width direction of printing paper to form a line head for the width of the printing paper. 
       FIG. 18  is a plan view showing a line head  10  of the related art. Although four printer-head chips  1  (N−1, N, N+1, and N+2) are shown in  FIG. 18 , actually, more printer-head chips are arranged. 
     In each printer-head chip  1 , a plurality of nozzles  1   a  having ejecting outlets for ejecting ink are formed. The nozzles la are arranged in parallel in a given direction, and the given direction is identical to the width direction of the printing paper. Also, the printer-head chips  1  are arranged in the given direction. Adjacent printer-head chips  1  are arranged so that their nozzles  1   a  oppose each other, and in a portion in which two printer-head chips  1  are adjacent to each other, the pitch of the nozzles  1   a  is consecutively maintained (see the detail of portion A in  FIG. 18 ). 
     The related art shown in  FIG. 18  has the following problems. 
     When ink is ejected from the printer-head chips  1 , it is ideal that the ink is ejected perpendicularly to the ejection surface of the printer-head chips  1 . However, various factors may cause a case in which an angle at which the ink is ejected is not perpendicular. 
     For example, when a nozzle sheet having the nozzles  1   a  formed thereon is bonded to the upper side of ink cells having heating elements, the problem is that positional shifting occurs between pairs of the ink cells and the heating elements, and the nozzles  1   a . When the nozzle sheet is bonded so that the center of the nozzles  1   a  is positioned in the center of the ink cells and the heating elements, the ink is ejected perpendicularly to the ink ejection surface (the nozzle sheet surface). However, if a shift occurs between the ink cells and the heating elements, and the nozzles  1   a , the ink cannot be ejected perpendicularly to the ejection surface. 
     Also, a positional shift can occur due to a difference in thermal expansion factor between the pairs of the ink cells and the heating elements, and the nozzle sheet. 
     It is assumed that, when the ink is ejected perpendicularly to the ejection surface, an ink droplet is delivered to an ideally exact position. When the angle of ejection of the ink is shifted from perpendicularity by θ, positional shift ΔL in delivery of ink droplet is
 
 ΔL=H ×tan θ
 
with the distance (normally 1 to 2 millimeters in the case of the inkjet method) between the ejection surface and the surface (a surface on which the ink droplet is delivered) of printing paper set to H (H is constant).
 
     When such a shift in angle of ejection of the ink occurs, in the serial method, the shift in angle appears as a shift in delivery of ink between two nozzles  1   a . In the line method, in addition to the shift in delivery of ink, the shift in angle appears as a positional shift in delivery between two printer-head chips  1 . 
       FIGS. 19A and 19B  are respectively a section view and plan view showing the state of printing performed by the line head  10  (in which the printer-head chips  1  are arranged in parallel in a direction in which the nozzles  1   a  are arranged) shown in  FIG. 18 . In  FIGS. 19A and 19B , assuming that printing paper P is fixed, the line head  10  does not move in the width direction of the printing paper P, and performs printing while moving from top to bottom of the plan view in  FIG. 19B . 
     In the section view in  FIG. 19A , among the line head  10 , three printer-head chips  1 , that is, the N-th printer-head chip  1 , the (N+1)-th printer-head chip  1 , and the (N+2)-th printer-head chip  1  are shown. 
     As shown in the section view in  FIG. 19A , in the N-th printer-head chip  1 , ink is slantingly ejected in the left direction as is indicated by the left arrow. In the (N+1)-th printer-head chip  1 , ink is slantingly ejected in the right direction as is indicated by the central arrow. In the (N+2)-th printer-head chip  1 , ink is perpendicularly ejected without a shift in angle of ejection as is indicated by the right arrow. 
     Accordingly, in the N-th printer-head chip  1 , the ink is delivered, being off to the left from a reference position, and in the (N+1)-th printer-head-chip  1 , the ink is delivered, being off to the right from the reference position. Thus, between both, the ink in the N-th printer-head chip  1  and the ink in the (N+1)-th printer-head chip  1  are delivered to opposite directions. As a result, a region in which no ink is delivered is formed between the N-th printer-head chip  1  and the (N+1)-th printer-head chip  1 . In addition, the line head  10  is only moved in the direction of the arrow in the plan view in  FIG. 19B  without being moved in the width direction of the printing paper P. This forms a white stripe B between the N-th printer-head chip  1  and the (N+1) printer-head chip  1 , thus causing a problem of deterioration in printing quality. 
     Similarly to the above case, in the (N+1)-th printer-head chip  1 , the ink is delivered, being off to the right from the reference position. Thus, the (N+1)-th printer-head chip  1  and the (N+2)-th printer-head chip  1  have a common region in which the ink is delivered. This causes a discontinuous image and a stripe C which has a color thicker than the original color, thus causing a problem of deterioration in printing quality. 
     When such a shift in a position to which ink is delivered occurs, the degree to which a stripe looks noticeable depends on an image to be printed. For example, since a document or the like has many blank portions, a stripe will not look noticeable if it is formed. Conversely, in the case of printing a photograph image in almost all the portions of printing paper, if a slight strip is formed, it will look noticeable. 
     For the purpose of preventing the formation of such a stripe, Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-44157 (hereinafter referred to as “Earlier Application 1”) has been filed by the Assignee of the present Patent Application. In the invention of Earlier Application 1, a plurality of heating elements (heaters) which can separately be driven are provided in ink cells, and by separately driving the heating elements, a direction in which each ink droplet is ejected can be changed. Accordingly, it has been thought that the formation of the above stripe (the white stripe B or the stripe C) can be prevented by the Earlier Application 1. 
     However, although Earlier Application 1 deflects the ink droplet by separately controlling the heating elements, the result of further study by the present Inventors has indicated that, when the method of Earlier Application 1 is employed, the ejection of the ink droplet may become unstable and a printed image having high quality cannot stably be obtained. The reason is described below. 
     According to study by the present Inventors, as described in PCT/JP/08535 (hereinafter referred to as “Earlier Application 2”) filed by the Assignee of the present Application, normally, the quantity of ejection of ink from nozzles does not increase in a monotone in accordance with an increase in power applied to heating elements, but tends to rapidly increase when the power exceeds a predetermined value (see Earlier Application 2, page 28, lines 14 to 17, and FIG. 18). In other words, a sufficient quantity of ink droplet cannot be ejected unless power equal to the predetermined value or greater is supplied. 
     Therefore, in the case of separately driving the heating elements, when ink droplets are ejected by performing only driving of only some heating elements, a sufficient amount of heat for ink droplet ejection must be generated only by the driving. Accordingly, in the case of separately driving the heating elements, when some heating elements are used to eject the ink droplets, power supplied to the heating elements must be increased. This situation causes a disadvantageous situation to size reduction in the heating element which is associated with increased resolution in the recent years. 
     In other words, in order to perform stable ejection of ink droplets, the amount of generated energy per unit area of each heating element must be extremely increased than usual. As a result, damage to small-sized heating elements is enhanced. This shortens the life of the heating elements, thus shortening the life of the head. 
     The above problems are similarly found in the case of using the technologies described in Japanese Patent No. 2780648 (hereinafter referred to as “Earlier Application 3”) and Japanese Patent No. 2836749 (hereinafter referred to as “Earlier Application 4”). 
     Although Earlier Application 3 discloses an invention for preventing a satellite (scattering of ink), and Earlier Application 4 discloses an invention for the purpose of realizing stable control of gradations, both are similar to Earlier Application 1 in using a plurality of heating elements and separately driving the heating elements. 
     By driving some heating elements among a plurality of heating elements to eject ink droplets, as in Earlier Applications 3 and 4, the ink droplets can be ejected and deflected as described in Earlier Application 3, or gradation control can be performed as described in Earlier Application 4. However, in the case of using provided heating elements which are small-sized in association with increased resolution in the recent years, when only some heating elements are driven to eject ink droplets, the supply to them of power enabling stable ejection causes a problem of a decrease in the life of the heating elements. 
     In the invention in Earlier Application 4, an increase in the amount of power to each heating element represents an increase in the minimum quantity of ink droplet. Thus, it is difficult to perform gradation control which is the original object of the invention in Earlier Application 4. 
     Conversely, in Earlier Application 4, when the amount of power supplied to each heating element is reduced, there is a possibility that the ink droplets cannot stably be ejected, as described above. 
     As is understood from the above description, in the case of using a head including heating elements which are small-sized in association with increased resolution, it is impossible to prevent the formation of the above stripes by the related art and the technologies in Earlier Applications 1 to 4. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to perform stable ejection of liquid without shortening the life of means of producing bubbles, such as heating elements, and to control the flying characteristic of the liquid or a position to which the liquid is delivered. Specifically, the object is to control a direction in which liquid is ejected, for example, in a liquid ejecting device having heads each including a plurality of liquid ejecting portions arranged in parallel and a liquid ejecting method using heads each including a plurality of liquid ejecting portions arranged in parallel. 
     According to a first aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting device is provided which includes a liquid cell for containing liquid, a plurality of bubble producing units for producing bubbles in the liquid in the liquid cell in response to supply of energy, and a nozzle for ejecting the liquid in the liquid cell by using the bubbles produced by the bubble producing units. The bubble producing units are disposed in the liquid cell, and all the bubble producing units in the liquid cell are supplied with energy, and by setting a difference between a manner of supplying energy to at least one of the bubble producing units and a manner of supplying energy to another one of the bubble producing units, a flying characteristic of the liquid ejected from the nozzle is controlled based on the difference. 
     According to a second aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting device is provided which includes a liquid cell for containing liquid, a plurality of bubble producing units for producing bubbles in the liquid in the liquid cell in response to supply of energy, and a nozzle for ejecting the liquid in the liquid cell by using the bubbles produced by the bubble producing units. The bubble producing units are disposed in the liquid cell, and all the bubble producing units in the liquid cell are supplied with energy, and by performing energy supply so that a difference is set between the time required for generating a bubble in the liquid by at least one of the bubble producing units, and the time required for generating a bubble in the liquid by another one of the bubble producing units, a flying characteristic of the liquid ejected from the nozzle is controlled based on the difference. 
     According to a third aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting device is provided which includes a liquid cell for containing liquid, a bubble producing region which produces a bubble in the liquid in the liquid cell in response to supply of energy and which forms at least part of one internal wall of the liquid cell, and a nozzle for ejecting the liquid in the liquid cell by the bubble produced by the bubble producing region. An energy distribution in the bubble producing region which is obtained when the energy is supplied to the bubble producing region has a difference, and based on the difference, a flying characteristic of the liquid ejected from the nozzle is controlled. 
     According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting device is provided which includes a liquid cell for containing liquid, a plurality of bubble producing units for producing bubbles in the liquid in the liquid cell in response to supply of energy, and a nozzle for ejecting the liquid in the liquid cell by using the bubbles produced by the bubble producing units. The bubble producing units are disposed in the liquid cell, and the bubble producing units comprises: a main operation-control unit for ejecting liquid from the nozzle by supplying the energy to all the bubble producing units; and a sub operation-control unit which supplies the energy to all the bubble producing units and which, by setting a difference between a manner of supplying energy to at least one of the bubble producing units and a manner of supplying energy to another one of the bubble producing units, uses the nozzle to perform ejection based on the difference of liquid having a flying characteristic different from that of the liquid ejected by the main operation-control unit. 
     According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting device is provided which includes a liquid cell for containing liquid, a plurality of bubble producing units for producing bubbles in the liquid in the liquid cell in response to supply of energy, and a nozzle for ejecting the liquid in the liquid cell by using the bubbles produced by the bubble producing units. The bubble producing units are disposed in the liquid cell, and the bubble producing units comprise: a main operation-control unit for ejecting liquid from the nozzle by supplying the energy to all the bubble producing units; and a sub operation-control unit which supplies the energy to all the bubble producing units and which, by setting a difference between a manner of supplying energy to at least one of the bubble producing units and a manner of supplying energy by the main operation-control unit, uses the nozzle to perform ejection based on the difference of liquid having a flying characteristic different from that of the liquid ejected by the main operation-control unit. 
     According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting device is provided which includes a liquid cell for containing liquid, a bubble producing region which produces a bubble in the liquid in the liquid cell in response to supply of energy and which forms at least part of one internal wall of the liquid cell, a nozzle for ejecting the liquid in the liquid cell by the bubble produced by the bubble producing region, a main operation-control unit which ejects liquid from the nozzle by supplying energy to the bubble producing region, and a sub operation-control unit which, by setting a difference in an energy distribution in the bubble producing region which is obtained when the energy is supplied to the bubble producing region, uses the nozzle to perform ejection based on the difference of liquid having a flying characteristic different from that of the liquid ejected by the main operation-control unit. 
     According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting method is provided which, by using a plurality of bubble producing units in a liquid cell to produce bubbles in liquid contained in the liquid cell by supplying energy to the bubble producing units, ejects the liquid from a nozzle by using the produced bubbles. The liquid ejected from the nozzle is controlled to have at least two different characteristics by using: a main operation-control step in which the liquid is ejected from the nozzle by supplying uniform energy to all the bubble producing units in the liquid cell; and a sub operation-control step in which energy is supplied to all the bubble producing units in the liquid cell and in which, by setting a difference between a manner of supplying energy to at least one of the bubble producing units and a manner of supplying energy to another one of the bubble producing units, the liquid ejected from the nozzle is controlled based on the difference to have a flying characteristic different from that of the liquid ejected in the main operation-control step. 
     According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting method is provided which, by using a plurality of bubble producing units in a liquid cell to produce bubbles in liquid contained in the liquid cell by supplying energy to the bubble producing units, ejects the liquid from a nozzle by using the produced bubbles. The liquid ejected from the nozzle is controlled to have at least two different characteristics by using: a main operation-control step which ejects the liquid from the nozzle by supplying energy to all the bubble producing units in the liquid cell; and a sub operation-control step which supplies the energy to all the bubble producing units and which, by setting a difference between a manner of supplying energy to at least one of the bubble producing units and a manner of supplying energy in the main operation-control step, uses the nozzle to perform ejection based on the difference of liquid having a flying characteristic different from that of the liquid ejected in the main operation-control step. 
     According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting method is provided which, by using a bubble producing region forming at least part of one internal wall of a liquid cell to produce a bubble in liquid contained in the liquid cell, ejects the liquid from a nozzle by using the produced bubble. The liquid ejected from the nozzle is controlled to have at least two flying characteristics by using: a main operation-control step in which, by supplying energy so that an energy distribution in the bubble producing region is uniform, liquid is ejected from the nozzle; and a sub operation-control step in which, by setting a difference in the energy distribution in the bubble producing region when energy is supplied to the bubble producing region, a flying characteristic of the liquid ejected from the nozzle is controlled based on the difference to differ from that of the liquid ejected in the main operation-control step. 
     According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting device is provided which includes a liquid cell for containing liquid, a plurality of bubble producing units for producing bubbles in the liquid in the liquid cell in response to supply of energy, and a nozzle for ejecting the liquid in the liquid cell by using the bubbles produced by the bubble producing units. The bubble producing units are disposed in the liquid cell, and all the bubble producing units in the liquid cell are supplied with energy, and by setting a difference between a manner of supplying energy to at least one of the bubble producing units and a manner of supplying energy to another one of the bubble producing units, the liquid ejected from the nozzle is controlled based on the difference to be delivered to at least two different positions. 
     According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting device is provided which includes a liquid cell for containing liquid, a plurality of bubble producing units for producing bubbles in the liquid in the liquid cell in response to supply of energy, and a nozzle for ejecting the liquid in the liquid cell by using the bubbles produced by the bubble producing units. The bubble producing units are disposed in the liquid cell. All the bubble producing units in the liquid cell are supplied with energy, and by performing energy supply so that a difference is set between the time required for generating a bubble in the liquid by at least one of the bubble producing units, and the time required for generating a bubble in the liquid by another one of the bubble producing units, the liquid ejected from the nozzle is controlled based on the difference to be delivered to at least two different positions. 
     According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting device is provided which includes a liquid cell for containing liquid, a bubble producing region which produces a bubble in the liquid in the liquid cell in response to supply of energy and which forms at least part of one internal wall of the liquid cell, and a nozzle for ejecting the liquid in the liquid cell by using the bubble produced by the bubble producing region. An energy distribution in the bubble producing region which is obtained when the energy is supplied to the bubble producing region has a difference, and based on the difference, the liquid ejected from the nozzle is controlled to be delivered to at least two different positions. 
     According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting device is provided which includes a liquid cell for containing liquid, a plurality of bubble producing units for producing bubbles in the liquid in the liquid cell in response to supply of energy, and a nozzle for ejecting the liquid in the liquid cell by using the bubbles produced by the bubble producing units. The bubble producing units are disposed in the liquid cell, and the bubble producing units comprise: a main operation-control unit for ejecting liquid from the nozzle by supplying energy to all the bubble producing units; and a sub operation-control unit which supplies the energy to all the bubble producing units and which, by setting a difference between a manner of supplying energy to at least one of the bubble producing units and a manner of supplying energy to another one of the bubble producing units, performs control based on the difference of the liquid ejected from the nozzle to be delivered to a position different from a position to which the liquid ejected by the main operation-control unit is delivered. 
     According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting device is provided which includes a liquid cell for containing liquid, a plurality of bubble producing units for producing bubbles in the liquid in the liquid cell in response to supply of energy, and a nozzle for ejecting the liquid in the liquid cell by using the bubbles produced by the bubble producing units. The bubble producing units are disposed in the liquid cell, and the bubble producing units comprise: a main operation-control unit for ejecting liquid from the nozzle by supplying the energy to all the bubble producing units; and a sub operation-control unit which supplies energy to all the bubble producing units and which, by setting a difference between a manner of supplying energy to at least one of the bubble producing units and a manner of supplying energy by the main operation-control unit, controls the liquid ejected from the nozzle to be delivered to a position different from a position to which liquid ejected by the main operation-control unit is delivered. 
     According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting device is provided which includes a liquid cell for containing liquid, a bubble producing region for producing a bubble in the liquid in the liquid cell in response to supply of energy, the bubble producing region forming at least part of one internal wall of the liquid cell, a nozzle for ejecting the liquid in the liquid cell by using the bubble produced by the bubble producing region, a main operation-control unit which ejects liquid from the nozzle by supplying energy to the bubble producing region, and a sub operation-control unit which, by setting a difference in an energy distribution in the bubble producing region which is obtained when the energy is supplied to the bubble producing region, controls the liquid ejected from the nozzle to be delivered to a position different from a position to which the liquid ejected by the main operation-control unit is delivered. 
     According to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting method is provided which, by using a plurality of bubble producing units in a liquid cell to produce bubbles in liquid contained in the liquid cell by supplying energy to the bubble producing units, ejects the liquid from a nozzle by using the produced bubbles. The liquid ejected from the nozzle is controlled to be delivered to at least two different positions by using: a main operation-control step in which the liquid is ejected from the nozzle by supplying uniform energy to all the bubble producing units in the liquid cell; and a sub operation-control step in which all the bubble producing units in the liquid cell are supplied with energy and in which, by setting a difference between a manner of supplying energy to at least one of the bubble producing units-and a manner of supplying energy to another one of the bubble producing units, the liquid ejected from the nozzle is controlled based on the difference to be delivered to a position different from a position to which the liquid ejected by the main operation-control step is delivered. 
     According to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting method is provided which, by using a plurality of bubble producing units in a liquid cell to produce bubbles in liquid contained in the liquid cell by supplying energy to the bubble producing units, ejects the liquid from a nozzle by using the produced bubbles. The liquid ejected from the nozzle is controlled to be delivered to at least two different positions by using: a main operation-control step in which the liquid is ejected from the nozzle by supplying uniform energy to all the bubble producing units in the liquid cell; and a sub operation-control step in which all the bubble producing units in the liquid cell are supplied with energy and in which, by setting a difference between a manner of supplying energy to at least one of the bubble producing units and a manner of supplying the energy in the main operation-control step, the liquid ejected from the nozzle is controlled based on the difference to be delivered to a position different from a position to which the liquid ejected in the main operation-control step is delivered. 
     According to an eighteenth aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting method for ejecting liquid in a liquid cell from a nozzle by using a bubble produced in the liquid by supplying energy to a bubble producing region in the liquid cell is provided. The bubble producing region forms at least part of one internal wall of the liquid cell. The liquid ejected from the nozzle is controlled to be delivered to at least two different positions by using: a main operation-control step in which, by supplying the energy to the bubble producing region so that energy distribution in the bubble producing region is uniform, the liquid is ejected from the nozzle; and a sub operation-control step in which, by setting an energy distribution in the bubble producing which is obtained when the energy is supplied to the bubble producing region to have a difference, the liquid ejected from the nozzle is controlled to be delivered to a position different from a position to which the liquid ejected in the main operation-control step is delivered. 
     According to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting device having heads each including a plurality of liquid ejecting portions arranged in parallel in a predetermined direction is provided. The liquid ejecting portions each include a liquid cell for containing liquid, a plurality of heating elements for producing bubbles in response to the supply of energy, and a nozzle for ejecting the liquid in the liquid cell by using the bubbles produced by the heating elements. The heating elements are arranged in the predetermined direction in the liquid cell. All the heating elements in the liquid cell are supplied with energy and by setting a difference between a manner of supplying energy to at least one of the heating elements and a manner of supplying energy to another one of the heating elements, a direction in which the liquid is ejected from the nozzle is controlled based on the difference. 
     According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting device having heads each including a plurality of liquid ejecting portions arranged in parallel in a predetermined direction is provided. The liquid ejecting portions each include a liquid cell for containing liquid, a plurality of heating elements for producing bubbles in response to the supply of energy, and a nozzle for ejecting the liquid in the liquid cell by using the bubbles produced by the heating elements. The heating elements are arranged in the predetermined direction in the liquid cell. All the heating elements in the liquid cell are supplied with energy, and by performing energy supply so that a difference is set between the time required for generating a bubble in part of the liquid by at least one of the heating elements, and the time required for generating a bubble in another part of the liquid by another one of the heating elements, a direction in which the liquid is ejected from the nozzle is controlled based on the difference. 
     According to a twenty-first aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting device having heads each including a plurality of liquid ejecting portions arranged in parallel in a predetermined direction is provided. The liquid ejecting portions each include a liquid cell for containing liquid, a plurality of heating elements for producing bubbles in response to the supply of energy, and a nozzle for ejecting the liquid in the liquid cell by using the bubbles produced by the heating elements. The heating elements are arranged in the predetermined direction in the liquid cell. For each of the heads, energy is supplied to all the heating elements in the liquid cell, and by setting a difference between a manner of supplying energy to at least one of the heating elements and a manner of supplying energy to another one of the heating elements, a direction in which the liquid is ejected from the nozzle is controlled based on the difference. 
     According to a twenty-second aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting device having heads each including a plurality of liquid ejecting portions arranged in parallel in a predetermined direction is provided. The liquid ejecting portions each include a liquid cell for containing liquid, a plurality of heating elements for producing bubbles in response to the supply of energy, and a nozzle for ejecting the liquid in the liquid cell by using the bubbles produced by the heating elements. The heating elements are arranged in the predetermined direction in the liquid cell. For each of the heads, energy is supplied to all the heating elements in the liquid cell, and by performing energy supply so that a difference is set between the time required for generating a bubble in part of the liquid by at least one of the heating elements, and the time required for generating a bubble in another part of the liquid by another one of the heating elements, a direction in which the liquid is ejected from the nozzle is controlled based on the difference. 
     According to a twenty-third aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting method using heads each including a plurality of liquid ejecting portions arranged in parallel in a predetermined direction is provided. The liquid ejecting portions each include a liquid cell for containing liquid, a plurality of heating elements for producing bubbles in response to the supply of energy, the heating elements being arranged in the predetermined direction in the liquid cell, and a nozzle for ejecting the liquid in the liquid cell by using the bubbles produced by the heating elements. All the heating elements in the liquid cell are supplied with energy, and by setting a difference between a manner of supplying energy to at least one of the heating elements and a manner of supplying energy to another one of the heating elements, a direction in which the liquid is ejected from the nozzle is controlled based on the difference. 
     According to a twenty-fourth aspect of the present invention, a liquid ejecting method using heads each including a plurality of liquid ejecting portions arranged in parallel in a predetermined direction is provided. The liquid ejecting portions each include a liquid cell for containing liquid, a plurality of heating elements for producing bubbles in response to the supply of energy, the heating elements being arranged in the predetermined direction in the liquid cell, and a nozzle for ejecting the liquid in the liquid cell by using the bubbles produced by the heating elements. All the heating elements in the liquid cell are supplied with energy, and by performing energy supply so that a difference is set between the time required for generating a bubble in part of the liquid by at least one of the heating elements, and the time required for generating a bubble in another part of the liquid by another one of the heating elements, a direction in which the liquid is ejected from the nozzle is controlled based on the difference. 
     According to the present invention, by ejecting liquid having a first flying characteristic, and setting a difference or time difference in the supply of energy or energy distribution, liquid having a second flying characteristic different from the first flying characteristic can be ejected. Therefore, liquid ejected from a single nozzle can be controlled to have one of a plurality of flying characteristics. 
     According to the present invention, by delivering liquid to a first position, and setting a difference or time difference in the supply of energy or energy distribution, liquid ejected from a single nozzle can be delivered to one of a plurality of positions. 
     According to the present invention, for example, when a plurality of heating resistors in a liquid cell have no equal resistances, by setting a difference in supplying energy to the heating resistors, the time required for producing a bubble on each heating resistor can be set to be equal. This can eliminate a shift in a direction in which liquid is ejected. 
     Accordingly, for example, when there is a shift in position of delivered liquid for two adjacent liquid ejecting portions, by setting a difference in supplying energy to the heating resistors for one or both liquid ejecting portions, the times required for producing bubbles on the heating resistors can be controlled to differ. This can change the direction in which the liquid is ejected and can adjust the interval between positions to which the liquid can be delivered. 
     In addition, by changing the direction in which each liquid ejecting portion ejects liquid, for example, for each line, or within one line, by appropriately changing directions in which some liquid ejecting portions eject liquid, printed image quality can be increased. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is an exploded perspective view showing a printer-head chip to which a liquid ejecting device of the present invention is applied; 
         FIGS. 2A and 2B  are a detailed plan view and side view showing the arrangement of heating resistors in the printer-head chip shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIGS. 3A and 3B  are graphs showing the relationship obtained in the case of each separate heating resistor  13  as in this embodiment between a difference in bubble producing time of ink and the ejection angle of ink droplets; 
         FIG. 4  is a side sectional view showing the relationship between nozzles and printing paper; 
         FIG. 5  is a schematic circuit diagram showing a first example in which the difference between the bubble producing times of bisected heating resistors can be set; 
         FIG. 6  is a schematic circuit diagram showing a second example in which the difference between the bubble producing times of bisected heating resistors can be set; 
         FIG. 7  is a schematic circuit diagram showing a third embodiment in which the difference between the bubble producing times of bisected heating resistors can be set; 
         FIG. 8  is a table showing results obtained in the circuit shown in  FIG. 7 ; 
         FIG. 9  is a schematic circuit diagram showing a fourth embodiment in which the difference between the bubble producing times of bisected heating resistors can be set; 
         FIG. 10  is an illustration of the values of inputs B 1  and B 2  in  FIG. 9 , and positions of delivered droplets; 
         FIG. 11  is a plan view showing the specific shape of the circuit shown in  FIG. 9 ; 
         FIG. 12  is an illustration of a first modification to which the present invention is applied; 
         FIG. 13  is an illustration of a second modification to which the present invention is applied; 
         FIG. 14  is an illustration of a third modification to which the present invention is applied; 
         FIG. 15  is an illustration of a fourth modification to which the present invention is applied; 
         FIG. 16  is an illustration of a fifth modification to which the present invention is applied; 
         FIG. 17  is an illustration of a sixth modification to which the present invention is applied; 
         FIG. 18  consists of plan views showing a line head of the related art; and 
         FIGS. 19A and 19B  are a sectional view and plan view showing the state of an image printed by the line head shown in  FIG. 18 . 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     An embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
       FIG. 1  is an exploded perspective view showing a printer-head chip  11  to which a liquid ejecting device of the present invention is applied. In  FIG. 1 , a nozzle sheet  17  is bonded to a barrier layer  16 . The nozzle sheet  17  is shown, with it separated. 
     The printer-head chip  11  is of a type using the above thermal method. In the printer-head chip  11 , a base member  14  includes a semiconductor substrate composed of silicon, etc., and heating resistors  13  (which correspond to bubble producing units or heating elements in the present invention, and which are used to produce bubbles in a liquid when being supplied with energy) formed on one surface of the semiconductor substrate  15 . The heating resistors  13  are electrically connected to an external circuit by a conductor portion (not shown) formed on the semiconductor substrate  15 . 
     The barrier layer  16  is made of a photosensitive cyclized rubber resist or an exposure-curing dry-film resist, and is formed by stacking the resist on the entirety of the surface of the semiconductor substrate  15  on which the heating resistors  13  are formed, and using a photolithography process to remove unnecessary portions. 
     The nozzle sheet  17  has therein a plurality of nozzles  18  having ejecting portions, and is formed by, for example, electroforming technology using nickel. The nozzle sheet  17  is bonded onto the barrier layer  16  so that the positions of the nozzles  18  can correspond to the positions of the heating resistors  13 , that is, the nozzles  18  can oppose the heating resistors  13 . 
     Ink cells  12  are constituted so as to surround the heating resistors  13  by the substrate member  14 , the barrier layer  16 , and the nozzle sheet  17 . Specifically, the substrate member  14  forms the bottom walls of the ink cells  12 , the barrier layer  16  forms the side walls of the ink cells  12 , and the nozzle sheet  17  forms the top walls of the ink cells  12 . In this structure, the ink cells  12  have aperture regions in the front right of  FIG. 1 . The aperture regions are connected to ink-flow paths (not shown). 
     The above printer-head chip  11  normally includes the heating resistors  13  in units of hundreds, and the ink cells  12  provided with the heating resistors  13 . In response to a command from the control unit of the printer, each heating resistor  13  is uniquely selected, and the ink of the ink cell  12  corresponding to the heating resistor  13  can be ejected from the nozzle  18  opposing the ink cell  12 . 
     In other words, in the printer-head chip  11 , the ink cell  12  is filled with ink supplied from an ink container (not shown) joined to the head  11 . By allowing a pulse current to flow through the heating resistor  13  in a short time, for example, 1 to 3 microseconds, the heating resistor  13  is rapidly heated. As a result, a gas-phase ink bubble is produced in a portion touching the heating resistor  13 , and the expansion of the ink bubble dislodges ink of some volume (the ink boils). In this manner, ink of a volume equal to that of the dislodged ink in the portion touching the nozzle  18  is ejected as ink droplets from the nozzle  18 , and is delivered onto the printing paper. 
       FIGS. 2A and 2B  are respectively a detailed plan view and side sectional view showing the arrangement of the heating resistors  13  in the head  11 . In the plan view in  FIG. 2A , the position of the nozzle  18  is indicated by the chain lines. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 2A and 2B , in the head  11  in this embodiment, one ink cell  12  includes two separate heating resistors  13  arranged in parallel. In other words, the ink cell  12  includes bisected heating resistors  13 . The direction in which the heating resistors  13  are arranged is a direction (the horizontal direction in  FIGS. 2A and 2B ) in which the nozzles  18  are arranged. 
     In such a bisected type in which one heating resistor  13  is longitudinally separated, each separated heating resistor  13  has the same length and a half width. Thus, the resistance of the separated heating resistors  13  is double that of the original heating resistor  13 . By connecting the separated heating resistors  13  in series, the separated heating resistors  13  having the double resistances are connected in series, so that the total resistance is four times that of the original heating resistor  13 . 
     Here, in order that the ink in the ink cell  12  may boil, the heating resistors  13  must be heated by supplying a certain amount of power to them. This is because energy generated at the boil is used to eject the ink. When the resistance is small, a current to pass must be increased. However, by increasing the resistance of the heating resistors  13 , the ink can be brought to a boil with a small current. 
     This can also reduce the size of a transistor or the like for passing the current, thus achieving a reduction in occupied space. By reducing the thickness of the heating resistors  13 , the resistance can be increased. However, when considering material selected for the heating resistors  13  and its strength (durability), there is a limitation in reducing the thickness of the heating resistors  13 . Accordingly, by separating the heating resistor  13  without reducing its thickness, the resistance of the heating resistors  13  is increased. 
     When one ink cell  12  includes the bisected heating resistors  13 , it is common that the time (bubble producing time) required for each heating resistor  13  to reach a temperature for boiling the ink is set to be equal. 
     The bisected resistors  13  are physically not identical in shape. Due to an error in production, it is common that a dimension such as thickness changes. This causes a difference in bubble producing time. The creation of the difference in bubble producing time may cause a case in which the ink on one heating resistor  13  and the ink on the other heating resistor  13  do not boil. 
     When the difference in bubble producing time is created, the angle of ejection of ink is not perpendicular, and a position to which ink is delivered is off the correct position. 
       FIGS. 3A and 3B  are graphs showing relationships obtained in the case of each separate heating resistor  13  as in this embodiment between a difference in bubble producing time of ink and the ejection angle of-ink droplet. The values shown in the graphs are computer-simulated results. In each graph, the X-direction indicates a direction (the direction of the heating resistors  13  arranged in parallel) in which the nozzles  18  are arranged. The Y-direction indicates a direction perpendicular to the X-direction, which is a direction in which the printing paper is carried. 
     Regarding the data in both graphs, the horizontal axis indicates difference in bubble producing time. In  FIGS. 3A and 3B , a time difference of 0.04 microseconds corresponds to a variation of a 3-percent resistance difference, and a time difference of 0.08 seconds corresponds to a variation of approximately a 6-percent resistance difference. 
     As described above, when difference in bubble producing time is created, the angle of ejection of ink is not perpendicular. Thus, the position to which ink is delivered is off the correct position. 
     Accordingly, in this embodiment, by using the above characteristic, the bubble producing times of the heating resistors  13  are controlled. 
     In the present invention, means of ejecting an ink droplet from the nozzle  18  by supplying (uniform) energy to all of heating resistors  13  in one ink cell  12  is referred to as a “main operation controller”. In other words, control for ejecting an ink droplet from the nozzle  18  is referred to as the “main operation controller”. The control is performed such that, as in this embodiment, when one ink cell  12  includes bisected heating resistors  13 , the simultaneous supply of equal amounts of energy (power) brings ink on the heating resistors  13  to a boil so that the time required for each heating resistor  13  to have a temperature for bringing the ink to a boil can be theoretically equal, in other words, an angle at which the ink is ejected can be perpendicular to a surface onto which the ink is delivered. 
     Unlike this, means in which, by supplying energy to the heating resistors  13  so that a difference is set between the time required for at least one of the heating resistors  13  to produce a bubble and the time required for at least one other one of the heating resistors  13  to produce a bubble, thereby setting a difference between a manner of supplying energy to the at least one heating resistor  13  and a manner of supplying energy to the at least one other one heating resistor  13 , or by controlling the manner of supplying the at least one heating resistor  13  to differ from that by the main operation controller, the use of the difference ejects, from the nozzle  18 , an ink droplet having a flying characteristic (such as a flying direction, a flying path, or rotation moment of a flying ink droplet) different from that of an ink droplet ejected by the main operation controller, in other words, means for controlling the ink droplet ejected from the nozzle  18  to be delivered to a position to which an ink droplet ejected by the main operation controller is delivered is referred to as a “sub operation controller”. However, the sub operation controller is identical to the main operation controller in supplying energy to all the heating resistors  13  in the ink cell  12 . 
     Accordingly, for example, when the resistances of the bisected heating resistors  13  have an error and differ, the heating resistors  13  have a difference in bubble producing time. Thus, the use of only the main operation controller shifts the angle at which the ink is ejected from perpendicularity, so that the position to which the ink droplet is delivered is off from the correct position. However, by using the sub operation controller to control each heating resistor  13  to have an equal bubble producing time, the angle at which the ink is ejected can be set at perpendicularity. 
     Next, setting of the adjustment of the angle of ejection of ink is described below with reference to  FIG. 4 .  FIG. 4  is a side sectional view showing the relationship between the nozzles  18  and printing paper P. 
     Although the distance H between the tips of the nozzles  18  and the printing paper P is approximately 1 to 2 millimeters in the case of an ordinary inkjet printer, it is here assumed that the distance H is maintained at a constant value, namely, approximately 2 millimeters. The reason the distance H must be maintained at approximately the constant value is because a change in the distance H changes the position to which the ink droplet is delivered. In other words, when an ink droplet is ejected perpendicularly to the surface of the printing paper P, the position to which the ink droplet is delivered does not change, even if the distance H changes to some degree. Conversely, when the ink droplet is ejected and deflected, with its flying characteristic changed, the position to which the ink droplet is delivered changes in accordance with the change in the distance H. 
     When the resolution of the printer-head chip  11  is 600 dpi, the interval (dot interval) between positions to which each ink droplet i is delivered is
 
25.40×1000/600≈42.3 (μm)
 
     In addition, assuming that 75% of the above value, that is, 30 μm is the maximum movable amount, a deflection angle θ (deg) is
 
tan 2θ=30/2000≈0.015
 
Thus, θ≈0.43 (deg)
 
     The reason the maximum movable amount of dot is 75% is as follows: For example, when two bits are used for control signals, the number of control signals for moving a dot is four. In order to establish continuity to dots formed by adjacent nozzles  18  in the above range, it is reasonable that the distance among the four dots is set to ¾ (=75%) of one dot pitch (42.3 μm). In this embodiment, the maximum movable amount is set at 75% of one dot pitch. 
     The results shown in  FIGS. 3A and 3B  indicate that, to obtain a deflection angle of 0.43 degrees, a bubble producing time difference of approximately 0.09 μm is needed. This corresponds to a resistance difference of approximately 6.75%. The above distance H is preferably set to the range of 0.5 millimeters to 5 millimeters, and is more preferably set to approximately a constant value in the range of 1 millimeters to 3 millimeters. 
     A value less than 0.5 millimeters as the distance H causes a small maximum movable amount of dot by deflective ejection of an ink droplet, so that a sufficient merit of the deflective ejection cannot be obtained. Conversely, in the case of a value greater than 5 millimeters as the distance H, the precision of a position to which the ink droplet is delivered tends to decrease (because it is presumed that an effect of air resistance to the ink droplet increases while the ink droplet is being delivered). 
     Next, an example of a case in which the direction of ejection of ink is changed is more specifically described below. 
       FIG. 5  is a schematic circuit diagram showing a first example in which the difference in bubble producing time of the heating resistors  13  can be set. In the first example, the printer-head chip  11  is controlled so that energies of different amounts can simultaneously be supplied. In other words, by simultaneously supplying the two heating resistors  13  with energies of different amounts, it is ensured that, for stable ejection of ink droplets, sufficient amounts of energies are supplied to the two heating resistors  13 . Thus, stable ejection of ink droplets can be achieved while controlling the direction of ejection of the ink droplets. 
     Since the amount of energy supply to each heating resistor  13  only needs about half the amount of energy for stable ejection, problems as described in the related art and Earlier Applications 1, 3, and 4 do not occur. This is caused by a feature of the present invention in that the heating distributions of heating regions (regions on the two heating resistors  13 ) are changed while maintaining the total energy amount supplied to each heating resistor  13 , without separately driving the plurality of heating resistors  13 . 
     In  FIG. 5 , resistors Rh-A and Rh-B are the bisected heating resistors  13 , respectively. The circuit is formed so that a current can flow into or from a path (midpoint) for connecting the resistors Rh-A and Rh-B. A resistor Rx is used to deflect an ejected ink droplet. The resistor Rx and a switch Swb function to control the amount of heat by the resistors Rh-A and Rh-B. A power supply VH is used to allow a current to flow in the resistors Rh-A, Rh-B, and Rx. 
     In  FIG. 5 , assuming that the circuit include no resistor Rx, or the switch Swb is not connected to either contact, when the switch Swa is turned on, a current flows from the power supply VH to the resistors Rh-A and Rh-B. No current flows in the resistor Rx. When the resistances of the resistors Rh-A and Rh-B are equal to each other, the amounts of heat generated in the resistors Rh-A and Rh-B are equal. 
     Conversely, when the switch Swa is turned on by connecting the switch Swb to either contact, the currents flowing in the resistors Rh-A and Rh-B have different values. Thus, the amounts of heat generated in both are different. For example, in  FIG. 5 , when the switch Swb is connected to the upper contact, currents flow in portions in which the Rh-A and Rx are connected to each other in parallel, and meet to form a combined current. The combined current flows in the resistor Rh-B. Thus, the current flowing in the resistor Rh-A is less than that flowing in the Rh-B. This can lower the amount of heat generated in the resistor Rh-A than that generated in the resistor Rh-B. 
     Here, in accordance with the resistance of the resistor Rx, the ratio between the amount of heat generated in the resistor Rh-A and the amount of heat generated in the resistor Rh-B can be set freely. This can set a difference in bubble producing time between the resistors Rh-A and Rh-B. Thus, in response thereto, the direction of ejection of ink droplet can be changed. 
     Similarly to the above case, when the switch Swb is connected to the lower contact, the reverse relationship holds, thus enabling the current flowing in the resistor Rh-A to be greater than that flowing in the resistor Rh-B. 
     In order to set a difference of 6.75%, the relationship between Rh (=Rh-A=Rh-B) and Rx is
 
( Rh×Rx )/( Rh ×( Rh+Rx ))= Rx /( Rh+R )=1−0.0675=0.9325
 
Hence, Rx≈13.8×Rh
 
     Therefore, in a circuit equivalent to the circuit in  FIG. 5 , when the bisected heating resistors  13  are connected to each other, the switching of the switch Swb can change the currents flowing in the bisected heating resistors  13 . This can set a difference in bubble producing time between the resistors Rh-A and Rh-B, so that the direction of ejection of ink droplet can be changed. 
       FIG. 6  is a schematic circuit diagram showing a second example in which the difference in bubble producing time between the bisected heating resistors  13  can be set. In the second example, the circuit is controlled so that energies of equal or similar amounts can be supplied to the bisected heating resistors  13  at different times. 
     Also, by using this technique, the total amount of energy supplied to the heating resistors  13  when an ink droplet is ejected can be maintained to an amount at which the ink droplet can stably be ejected. Thus, stable ejection of the ink droplet can be performed, and by setting a difference in supply of energy to each heating resistor  13 , a feature of the present invention can be obtained in that the heating distributions of heating regions are changed while maintaining the total energy amount supplied to each heating resistor  13 . 
     In  FIG. 6 , the resistors Rh-A and Rh-B are the bisected heating resistors  13 , respectively. When only a switch Swa is turned on, a current can flow only in the resistor Rh-A. When only a switch Swb is turned on, a current can flow only in the resistor Rh-B. 
     In this circuit structure, by turning on the switches Swa and Swb at different times, a difference can be set between a time in which an ink droplet on the resistor Rh-A comes to a boil and a time in which an ink droplet on the resistor Rh-B comes to a boil. 
       FIG. 7  is a schematic circuit diagram showing a third example in which the difference in bubble producing time between the bisected heating resistors  13  can be set. In the third example, the difference in current between resistors Rh-A and Rh-B can be set to four types, whereby four directions in which an ink droplet can be ejected can be set. 
     In  FIG. 7 , the resistors Rh-A and Rh-B are the bisected heating resistors  13 , respectively. In this example, their resistances are equal to each other. The circuit is formed so that a current can flow into or from a path (midpoint) for connecting the resistors Rh-A and Rh-B. Three resistors Rd are used to change a direction in which an ink droplet can be ejected. A transistor Q functions as a switch for the resistors Rh-A and Rh-B. The circuit includes an input portion C from which a binary control input signal (“1” only when a current may flow) is input. The circuit includes binary-input C-MOS/NAND gates L 1  and L 2 , and input portions B 1  and B 2  from which binary signals (“0” or “1”) for the NAND gates L 1  and L 2  are input. The NAND gates L 1  and L 2  are supplied with power from a power supply VH. The three resistors Rd, the transistor Q, the input portion C, and B 1  and B 2 , and the NAND gates L 1  and L 2  function to control the amounts of energies generated in the resistors Rh-A and Rh-B. 
     Here, between the resistor Rx shown in  FIG. 5  and the resistor Rd shown in  FIG. 7 , the following relationship holds:
 
 Rx= 2 Rd/ 3
 
     Therefore, when Rd≈1.5×13.8×Rh=20×Rh, a difference of 6.75% can be set. 
     At first, in  FIG. 7 , when is are input to the input portions B 1  and B 2 , and “1” is input to the input portion C, inputs to the NAND gates L 1  and L 2  are 1s, so that the outputs of the NAND gates L 1  and L 2  are 0s. Thus, no current flows in the resistor Rd, and a current caused by a power supply VH flows only in the resistors Rh-A and Rh-B. Since the resistors Rh-A and Rh-B have equal resistances, the currents flowing in the resistors Rh-A and Rh-B are equal to each other. 
     Next, when “0” is input to the input portion B 1 , “1” is input to the input portion B 2 , and “1” is input to the input portion C, the outputs of the NAND gates L 1  and L 2  are “1” and “0”, respectively. Thus, a current flows in the NAND gate L 1 , while no current flows in the NAND gate L 2 . In this case, the current flowing in the resistor Rh-B is 2Rd/(Rh+2Rd) when the current flowing in the resistor Rh-A is set to 1. Here, when Rd≈20.7Rh, 0.977 (approximately 2.3% decrease) can be obtained. 
     Also, when “1” is input to the input portion B 1 , “0” is input to the input portion B 2 , and “1” is input to the input portion C, the outputs of the NAND gates L 1  and L 2  are “0” and “1”, respectively. Thus, no current flows in the NAND gate L 1 , while a current flows only in the NAND gate L 2 . In this case, the current flowing in the resistor Rh-B is Rd/(Rh+Rd) when the current flowing in the resistor Rh-A is set to 1. When Rd≈20.7Rh, 0.954 (approximately 4.6% decrease) can be obtained. 
     When 0s are input to the input portions B 1  and B 2 , and “1” is input to the input portion C, both the outputs of the NAND gates L 1  and L 2  are 1s. Thus, currents flow in both C-MOS/NAND gates L 1  and L 2 . In this case, the current flowing in the resistor Rh-B is 2Rd/(3Rh+2Rd) when the current flowing in the Rh-A is set to 1. When Rd≈20.7Rh, 0.933 (approximately 6.7% decrease) can be obtained. 
     The circuit is formed so that the current flowing from the resistor Rd to the NAND gate L 1 , and the current flowing from the resistor Rd to the NAND gate L 2  can flow into the ground of a power-circuit for driving the C-MOS/NAND gates L 1  and L 2 , which is not shown in  FIG. 7 . 
       FIG. 8  is a table showing the above results. As shown in  FIG. 8 , in response to the inputs to the input portions B 1  and B 2 , the current flowing in the resistor Rh-B with respect to the current flowing in the resistor Rh-A can be changed. 
     In the circuit in  FIG. 7 , in a case in which a position obtained by inputting is to the input portions B 1  and B 2  is used as a reference position of dot, when “0” is input to the input portion B 1  and “1” is input to the input portion B 2 , a deflection amount corresponding to 25% of one dot pitch can be obtained. When “1” is input to the input portion B 1  and “0” is input to the input portion B 2 , a deflection amount corresponding to 50% of one dot pitch can be obtained. When 0s are input to the input portions B 1  and B 2 , a deflection amount corresponding to 75% of one dot pitch can be obtained. 
       FIG. 9  is a schematic circuit diagram showing a fourth example in which the difference in bubble producing time between the bisected heating resistors  13  can be set.  FIG. 9  also shows a modification of the circuit shown in  FIG. 7 . 
     In the circuit in  FIG. 7 , since the voltage of the power supply VH is applied to the C-MOS/NAND gates L 1  and L 2 , (high withstand voltage) PMOS transistors that are usable even at the voltage of the power supply VH must be used as the C-MOS/NAND gates L 1  and L 2 , thus limiting the degree of freedom in selection of transistors in design. Accordingly, as shown in  FIG. 9 , transistors Q 2  and Q 3  of a type similar to that of a transistor Q 1  are provided and each transistor can be driven at a low voltage. This can lower driving voltages for gates L 1  and L 2  (AND gates in  FIG. 9 ). Three transistors Rd, the transistors Q 1 , Q 2 , and Q 3 , input portions C, B 1 , and B 2 , and the AND gates L 1  and L 2  function to control the amounts of heat generated in the resistors Rh-A and Rh-B. 
     Also, although the resistors Rh-A and Rh-B in the circuit in  FIG. 7  are set to have equal resistances, in the circuit in  FIG. 9 , the resistance of the resistor Rh-A is set to be smaller than that of the Rh-B. 
     In this condition, when the transistors Q 2  and Q 3  are not in operation (a state in which no currents flow in the three resistors Rd), and currents flow in the resistors Rh-A and Rh-B, respectively, the currents flowing in the resistors Rh-A and Rh-B have equal values. Thus, the resistor Rh-A generates the amount of heat less than that by the resistor Rh-B because the resistor Rh-A has a resistance less than that of the resistor Rh-B. In this case, setting is established so that an ejected ink droplet can be delivered to a position which is away half of the maximum movable amount of ink droplet from a reference position of delivery. 
       FIG. 10  is an illustration of the values of inputs B 1  and B 2  and positions to which ink droplets are delivered. As shown in  FIG. 10 , in this embodiment, the position to which the ink droplet is delivered can be changed to four. When 0s are input to the input portions B 1  and B 2 , the ink droplet can be delivered on the leftest in  FIG. 10  (default). 
     When “1” is input to the input portion B 1  and “0” is input to the input portion B 2 , currents also flow in the two resistors Rd connected in series to the transistor Q 3  (no current flows in the resistor Rd connected to the transistor Q 2 ). As a result, the current flowing in the resistor Rh-B is smaller than that obtained when 0s are input to the input portions B 1  and B 2 . However, also in this case, the current flowing in the resistor Rh-A is smaller than that flowing in the resistor Rh-B. 
     Next, when “0” is input to the input portion B 1  and “1” is input to the input portion B 2 , a current flows in the resistor Rd connected to the transistor Q 2  (no current flows in the two resistors Rd connected in series to the transistor Q 3 ). As a result, the current flowing in the resistor Rh-B is further smaller than that obtained when “1” is input to the input portion B 1  and “0” is input to the input portion B 2 . In this case, the current flowing in the resistor Rh-B is smaller than that flowing in the resistor Rh-A. 
     When is are input to the input portions B 1  and B 2 , currents flow in the three transistors Rd connected to the transistors Q 2  and Q 3 . As a result, the current flowing in the resistor Rh-B is further smaller than that obtained when “0” is input to the input portion B 1  and “1” is input to the input portion B 2 . 
     By using the above technique, two positions, namely, right and left positions to which an ink droplet can be delivered are set with respect to the correct position to which the ink droplet can be delivered. In response to the values of inputs to the input portions B 1  and B 2 , an arbitrary position can be set as the position to which the ink droplet is delivered. 
     In the circuit shown in  FIG. 7 , a maximum of 75% of one dot pitch can be moved with respect to a position to which an ink droplet is delivered which is used as a reference. However, in this case, as described above, an angle at which the ink droplet is ejected has a deflection angle of 0.86 degrees with respect to the vertical line. 
     In the example in  FIG. 9 , the inputs to the input portions B are represented by two bits, that is, “0” and “0”, “0” and “1”, “1” and “0”, and “1” and “1”. When the position to which the ink droplet can be delivered is moved based on the 2-bit value, one dot pitch must be divided into three. In other words, four positions are formed as the position to which the ink droplet can be delivered. 
     In the circuit shown in  FIG. 9  (also as in the example in  FIG. 7 ), when the inputs to the input portions B 1  and B 2  are changed from 0s to is, the angle at the ink droplet is ejected only needs to change by 0.86 degrees. Since a value corresponding to the difference in resistance at this time is 6.75%, as described above, a resistor may be used in which the relationship holds:
 
Resistance of  Rh - B =Resistance of  Rh - A ×1.0675
 
       FIG. 11  is a plan view showing resistors Rh-A and Rh-B that satisfy the above relationship. In the example in  FIG. 11 , the resistors Rh-A and Rh-B have equal widths (10 μm). The resistor Rh-A has a longitudinal length (the vertical length in  FIG. 11 ) of 20 μm, and the resistor Rh-B has a longitudinal length of 21.4 μm. 
     In  FIG. 11 , a portion ( 1 ) is connected to the power supply VH in  FIG. 9 , a portion ( 2 ) is connected to the drain of the transistor Q 1  in  FIG. 9 , and a portion ( 3 ) is connected to the drains of both transistors Q 2  and Q 3  in  FIG. 9 . These connections are not shown in  FIG. 11 . 
     In the example in  FIG. 11 , the area ratio between the resistors Rh-A and Rh-B is
 
21.4/40=approximately 1.0675
 
     Next, in this embodiment, the case of correcting a shift in the position to which the ink droplet is delivered is described below. 
       FIG. 12  is an illustration of a first modification in which this embodiment is used, and shows positions by the head chip  11  in which ink droplets are delivered. In  FIG. 12 , the horizontal direction is the direction in which the nozzles  18  are arranged, and the vertical direction is the direction in which the printing paper is fed. Also, the left side shows a state obtained before changing the positions to which the ink droplets are delivered, and the right side shows a state obtained after changing the positions to which the ink droplets are delivered. 
     In  FIG. 12 , a column of the positions to which the ink droplets are delivered can be horizontally moved to four positions (( 1 ) to ( 4 ) in  FIG. 12 ). The position by default to which each ink droplet is delivered is set in position ( 3 ) among positions ( 1 ) to ( 4 ). Similarly to the above case, in one position, the position which each ink droplet is delivered can be moved by only 25% of one dot pitch. 
     On the left side in  FIG. 12 , in all the first to four columns from the left, the ink droplets are delivered by the above-described main operation controller. In this case, the third column from the left of the positions to which the ink droplets are delivered is off to the right. Accordingly, a white stripe is formed between the second column and the third column and printing quality deteriorates. 
     In such a case, by leaving the first, second, and fourth columns of the default positions unchanged, and only moving the third column to the left, the white stripe between the second column and the third column can be reduced. In  FIG. 12 , by moving only the third column from position ( 3 ) to ( 2 ), that is, to the left by 25% of one dot pitch, the third column can be positioned near the center between the second column and the fourth column. 
     The right side in  FIG. 12  shows a state in which, by shifting the third column from position ( 3 ) to ( 2 ), the third column is moved by 25%. In this manner, the ink droplets in the third column can be brought close to the center between the second column and the fourth column. This can make the white stripe unclear. 
     On the right side in  FIG. 12 , the first, second, and fourth columns from the left are formed by delivering ink droplets from the main operation controller. However, the third column from the left is formed such that, by using the sub operation controller to eject ink droplets having flying characteristics different from those of ink droplets by the main operation controller, a direction in which the ink droplets are delivered is changed, whereby positions to which the ink droplets are delivered are changed from the positions (( 3 ) in  FIG. 12 ) by the main operation controller to the more left side (( 2 ) in  FIG. 12 ). 
     When dots are formed appearing as overlapping stripes due to a narrow interval between two columns of positions to which ink droplets are delivered, conversely to the above case, the columns of positions may be moved so that the interval is widened. 
     When this technique is performed, in the printer itself or in the printer-head chip  11 , for the ink cell  12  corresponding to each nozzle  18 , by storing data for correcting a shift in a position to which an ink droplet is delivered, for example, data on inputs to the input portions B 1  and B 2  in the above example, the supply of energy to each heating resistor  13  in each ink cell  12  may be controlled in accordance with the stored data. 
     Also, when the circuit shown in  FIG. 6  is employed, for each nozzle  18 , by setting and storing data on a difference between the time required for the ink droplet on one heating resistor  13  to boil and the time required for the ink droplet on the other heating resistor  13  to boil, the supply of energy to each heating resistor  13  in each ink cell  12  may be controlled in accordance with the stored data. 
     In this manner, when some nozzles  18  in the printer-head chip  11  cause a shift in positions to which ink droplets are delivered, or some of the printer-head chips  11  in the line head cause a shift in positions to which ink droplets are delivered, the shift in the positions can be corrected. 
     Also, when two adjacent printer-head chips  1  in the line head, as shown in  FIGS. 19A and 19B , have therebetween a shift in positions to which ink droplets are delivered, the shift in the positions can be corrected. 
       FIGS. 19A and 19B  are used for description. In this case, regarding the N-th printer-head chip  1 , a direction in which ink droplets are delivered from all the nozzles  18  may be changed to the right by a predetermined amount, and regarding the (N+1)-th printer-head chip  1 , a direction in which ink droplets from all the nozzles  18  are delivered may be changed to the left by a predetermined amount. Definitely, a direction in which ink droplets from some of the nozzles  18  are delivered may be changed. 
     Next, a case in which printing quality is increased by using this embodiment is described below. 
     In the case of the line head, the positions of the nozzles  18  of each printer-head chip  11  are fixed beforehand. Thus, positions to which ink droplets are delivered are determined beforehand. For example, for a resolution of 600 dpi, the interval between the nozzles  18  is 42.3 micrometers. 
     Conversely, in the case of the serial head, by moving the head a plural number of times in one line in order to perform printing, the resolution can be relatively easily changed. 
     For example, in the case of providing a serial head of 600 dpi (the interval between the nozzles  18  is 42.3 micrometers), by printing a line and subsequently re-printing an identical line, and controlling the dots of the re-printed line to be disposed in the intermediate positions of the dots of the first printed line, an image having a resolution of 1200 dpi can be printed. 
     The above technique cannot be used in the line head because it is not moved in the width direction of the printing paper. 
     However, by applying this embodiment, the resolution can substantially be increased, thus increasing printing quality. 
       FIG. 13  is an illustration of a second modification in which this embodiment is used. The second modification is an example of a dot arrangement based on dot interleaving in which the dot pitch in each line is set to be constant, and in the next line its dots are arranged in the intermediate positions of the first line. In  FIG. 13 , each position to which an ink droplet is delivered can be changed to four points ( 1 ) to ( 4 ), and point ( 4 ) is set by default. 
     In  FIG. 13 , the first N line, ink droplets are delivered to the default position ( 4 ). 
     In the next N+1 line, by changing, from positions ( 4 ) to ( 2 ), all positions to which ink droplets are delivered are changed, the ink droplets are delivered to positions moved to the left by 50% of one dot pitch. In the N+2 line, ink droplets are delivered to positions identical to those for the N line. In other words, in N, N+2, N+4, . . . lines (even-numbered lines), ink droplets are ejected by the main operation controller and are delivered to ( 4 ). In N+1, N+3, N+5, . . . lines (odd-numbered lines), ink droplets are ejected and deflected by the sub operation controller and are delivered to position ( 2 ). 
     In this manner, in N, N+2, N+4, . . . lines (even-numbered lines), the ink droplets are delivered based on ( 4 ), and in N+1, N+3, N+5, . . . lines (odd-numbered lines), ink droplets are delivered based on position ( 2 ). 
     Thus, in two adjacent lines, two groups of positions to which ink droplets are delivered are alternately shifted from each other by 50% of one dot pitch. By performing this type of printing, a substantial resolution can be increased. 
     Instead of moving, in all the lines, positions to which ink droplets are delivered, the positions may be moved in each set of several lines. Also, the amount of movement from a default dot position is not particularly limited. 
     When the above control is performed, for each line, by storing data on differences in supplying energy to each heating resistor  13 , the supply of energy to the heating resistor  13  may be controlled in accordance with the stored data. 
       FIG. 14  is an illustration of a third modification in which this embodiment is used and in which a technique similar to dithering is used. 
     Dithering means that, in order to weaken unnaturalness generated when the spatial resolution of pixels in a sampled image is insufficient, when the original image is quantized, the quantization is performed, with slight noise and high-frequency signal superimposed in an input signal beforehand. 
     What is shown by  FIG. 14  differs from dithering in a narrow sense, but has an effect similar to dithering. In  FIG. 14 , default positions to which ink droplets are delivered are set in ( 4 ). In  FIG. 14 , it is assumed that dot size is sufficiently small. 
     In the case in  FIG. 14 , binary-bit values are output by a pseudorandom function generator and are added to input signals to the input portions B 1  and B 2 . This can appropriately change a position to which an ink droplet is delivered. 
     For example, in the N line, the first and fourth ink droplets from the left are delivered to default position ( 4 ) by the main operation controller, and each of the second and third ink droplets from the left is delivered to position ( 3 ) which is moved to the left by 25% of one dot from the default position. 
     The above technique can also increase printing quality. 
       FIG. 15  consists of illustrations of a fourth modification in which this embodiment is used and shows a dot averaging process. 
     In  FIG. 15 , the upper illustration shows a state in which ink droplets are ejected without being deflected. The ink droplets are delivered by the main operation controller. 
     In the upper illustration in  FIG. 15 , the fourth and eighth columns of dots (whose insides are indicated by sets of points) indicate that the dots are smaller than the other columns of dots (whose insides are indicated by hatched lines). The sixth column of dots (whose insides are blank) indicate that the dots are much smaller than the fourth and eighth columns of dots. 
     In this case, when a dot averaging process is not performed, in the fourth, sixth, and eighth columns, small dots are consecutively formed in a direction (the vertical direction in  FIG. 15 ) in which the printing paper is fed, so that density nonuniformity (vertical stripe) appears. 
     Accordingly, in this case, the dot averaging process is performed by using the sub operation controller. 
     In the lower illustration in  FIG. 15 , from, for example, the nozzle  18  corresponding to the sixth column (the nozzle  18  positioned above the sixth column), only the main operation controller is used to deliver ink droplets in the sixth column, as in the upper illustration in  FIG. 15 . However, in the second column, by using the sub operation controller, ink droplets are deflected to the right and are delivered to positions corresponding to the dot positions in the seventh column. In the third column, by using the sub operation controller, ink droplets are deflected to the left and are delivered to positions corresponding to the dot positions in the, fifth column. 
     By using this technique, the nozzle  18  corresponding to the sixth column is controlled to deliver ink droplets not only in the sixth column but also in another column (the fifth column or the seventh column in this example), and is controlled so as not to deliver ink droplets in consecutive rows in one column. This also applies to ink droplets ejected from the nozzles  18  corresponding to the fourth and eighth columns. 
     In the above arrangement of dots, ink droplets ejected from the nozzles  18  corresponding to the fourth, sixth, and eighth columns are prevented from being delivered to consecutive rows in one column. This can prevent density nonuniformity from looking clearly and can increase picture quality. 
       FIG. 16  illustrates a fifth modification in which this embodiment is used, and the formation of high resolution. In  FIG. 16 , it is assumed that the printer-head chip  11  has a resolution of 600 dpi (the interval between the nozzles  18  is 42.3 micrometers). 
     In  FIG. 16 , the case ( 1 ) shows that dots are formed by delivering ink droplets from the main operation controller. The dot pitch obtained when using only the main operation controller is equal to the interval between the nozzles  18  in the printer-head chip  11 , that is, 42.3 micrometers. 
     Unlike the case ( 1 ), the cases ( 2 ) to ( 4 ) show that, by using the sub operation controller to interpolate new dots in dots formed by the main operation controller, the printing resolution is increased. 
     For example, in the case ( 2 ), ink droplets are delivered by the main operation controller similarly to the case ( 1 ), and by using the sub operation controller to form new dots in dot formed by the main operation controller, the dot density is doubled. In this case, a method similar to that shown in  FIG. 13  is used. The feeding pitch of printing paper is set to be half that in the case ( 1 ). 
     The portion ( 3 ) shows a state in which the dot density is quadrupled. To quadruple the dot density, at first, when the main operation controller is used to deliver ink droplets, the ink droplets are controlled to be delivered to the feeding direction of printing paper at a density double that used in the case ( 1 ) (i.e., the feeding pitch of printing paper is set to be half that used in the case ( 1 )). In addition, by using the sub operation controller to deflect ink droplets, the ink droplets may be delivered at the density double that used in the case ( 2 ). 
     The portion ( 4 ) shows a state in which the dot density is octupled. By using the main operation controller, the dots are formed in the feeding direction of the printing paper at a density double that used in the case ( 1 ). This point is similar to dot formation by the main operation controller in the case ( 1 ). 
     In addition, by using the sub operation controller, ejected ink droplets are deflected and delivered so that three new columns of dots can be positioned between the dots formed by the main operation controller. The three columns of dots formed by the sub operation controller, which are positioned between two columns of dots formed by the main operation controller, are obtained such that, from the nozzle  18  corresponding to the left column of dots between two columns of dots formed by the main operation controller, ink droplets are ejected and deflected in two different right directions to form two columns among the three columns, and from the nozzle  18  corresponding to the right column of dots between the two columns of dots formed by the main operation controller, ink droplets are ejected and deflected to the left to form the other one column of dots among the three columns of dots. 
     As described above, when the printer-head chip  11  has a physical resolution of 600 dpi, printing at 600 dpi can be performed only by the main operation controller, as in the case ( 1 ). Also, the use of the sub operation controller enables printing at the double density (1200 dpi) as in the case ( 2 ), printing at the fourfold density (2400 dpi) as in the case ( 3 ), and printing at the eightfold density (4800 dpi) as in the case ( 4 ). 
     The above increase in resolution is particularly effective in a case in which dot diameter is small due to the interval between two nozzles  18 . 
       FIG. 17  illustrates a sixth modification in which this embodiment is used and which has a wobbled state. 
     In  FIG. 17 , example (1) shows dot formation only by the main operation controller, in which four columns of dots are arranged in parallel with the feeding direction of printing paper at intervals of the nozzles  18 . 
     In  FIG. 17 , example (2) shows that columns of dots are obliquely formed by the sub operation controller. For example, in the first row, similarly to the example (1), dots are formed by the main operation controller. In the second row, by controlling the nozzles  18  to eject and deflect ink droplets to the right, dots are formed at the lower right portions to the first column of dots. In the third row, by increasing the amount of deflection from the nozzles  18  than that used in the second row, dots are formed at the lower right portions to the lower right portions to the second row of dots. In this manner, by gradually increasing the amount of deflection as the row number increases, oblique columns of dots can be formed as shown in the example (2). This dot formation prevents nonuniformity and stripes from looking clear. 
     In  FIG. 17 , example (3) shows that columns of dots are obliquely formed, similarly to the example (2). In the example (3), in the first row, similarly to the example (1), the main operation controller is used to form dots. In the second to fourth rows, similarly to the example (2), by controlling the nozzles  18  to eject and deflect ink droplets in the right in  FIG. 17 , dots are formed at the lower right portions to the upper column of dots. Next, in the fifth to seventh rows, by ejecting and deflecting ink droplets in the direction opposite to that in the second to fourth rows, that is, to the right in  FIG. 17 , dots are formed at the lower left portions to the upper column of dots. Dot arrangement in the eighth and subsequent columns is similar to that in the second and subsequent columns. As described above, by forming the columns of dots in a triangular form, stripes and nonuniformity can be prevented from looking clearly. 
     Up to which column of dots should obliquely be formed in a single direction, and from which column the dots should obliquely be formed in the opposite direction are arbitrary, and may be determined in accordance with a possible maximum amount of ink-droplet deflection, etc. 
     Printing methods such as the examples (2) and (3) in  FIG. 16  are realized in a serial printer by reciprocally moving its head a great number of times, that is, overwriting. Conversely, in a line printer whose head does not move, it has been impossible to perform such wobbling. However, in the present invention, the printing methods are realized by using the sub operation controller. 
     One embodiment of the present invention has been described. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be variously modified as follows:
     (1) In the above-described embodiment, by changing currents to bisected heating resistors  13 , the times (bubble producing time) required for ink droplets on the heating resistors  13  to boil can differ from each other. In addition, this can be combined with a technique in which the times in which currents are supplied to the bisected heating resistors  13  are controlled to differ.   (2) In the above-described embodiment, a case in which two heating resistors  13  are arranged in parallel in one ink cell  12  has been described. The reason of bisection is that the durability of the bisected heating resistors  13  is sufficiently proven and the circuit configuration can be simplified. However, the arrangement of the heating resistors  13  is not limited to the above case, but an arrangement in which at least three heating resistors  13  are arranged in parallel in one ink cell  12  may be used.   (3) In the above-described embodiment, the printer-head chip  11  and the line head for use in the printer are exemplified. However, the present invention is not limited to the printer, but can be applied to a device for ejecting a DNA-contained solution for detecting a biological sample.   (4) In the above-described embodiment, the heating resistors  13  are exemplified. However, heating elements composed of a substance other than a resistor, or other types of energy generators and bubble producers may be used.   (5) In the above-described embodiment, the bisected heating resistors  13  are exemplified. However, these plural heating resistors  13  do not always need to be physically separated.   

     In other words, even in the case of a heating resistor  13  composed of a single base, if it is one in which the distribution of energy in a bubble producing region (surface region) can be set to have a difference, for example, one in which the entire bubble producing region does not uniformly generate heat and in which a portion of the region and another portion can be set to have a difference in generating heat, it does not always need to be separated. 
     A main operation controller which ejects an ink droplet from the nozzle  18  by supplying uniform energy to the bubble producing region, and a sub operation controller in which, by setting a difference in energy distribution in the bubble producing region when it is supplied with energy, an ink droplet having a flying characteristic different from that of the ink droplet ejected by the main operation controller is ejected based on the difference from the nozzle  18 , in other words, which controls the ink droplet ejected from the nozzle  18  to be delivered to a position different from the position of the ink droplet delivered by the main operation controller may be provided.
     (6) For means of bubble production, the heating resistors  13  or the like are used to produce bubbles in the ink in the ink cells  12  by supplying thermal energy. The means of bubble production is not limited to this technique. For example, the means of bubble production may be such an energy supplying method that the ink (liquid) in the ink cells  12  generates heat by itself.