Patent Publication Number: US-4483099-A

Title: Window assembly

Description:
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 338,910, filed Jan. 12, 1982; which application is in turn a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 113,639, filed on Jan. 21, 1980. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates generally to window and similar panel assemblies for installation in a rough opening of an enclosing wall exposed to different temperature conditions at the opposite sides thereof. 
     The invention particularly relates to a horizontally movable, rolling or sliding window assembly. More particularly, the invention embodies a multi-purpose or combination type of window assembly. 
     2. Description of the Prior Art 
     In the construction of buildings and the like, it is usually desirable to provide a window assembly which may be installed as a unit when the building is constructed and which is relatively simple and economical to manufacture and assemble. It is also desirable to provide as many like parts as possible and to secure such parts together with a minimum of fastening devices and labor. It is generally desirable that such window assemblies provide some means for the ready installation and removal of additional panels, such as storm panels and screens. 
     Generally, in prior art constructions, a window assembly is of a particular fixed type, i.e. single-glazed, double-glazed, thermal, non-thermal, etc. Some window assemblies provide removable storm sashes and/or screen panels. Usually, removal is from the exterior although a few constructions provide for interior removal. 
     Metal windows or various combinations of metal and plastic windows have a number of advantages over wooden windows. The high thermal conductivity of metals, such as aluminum, is probably the most undesirable property limiting their substitution for wood. To solve the problem of thermal conductivity from exterior exposed surfaces to interior exposed surfaces a wide variety of insulated windows or the like have been constructed. In most of these, the thermal circuit is broken by a plastic member inserted between metal members at the critical locations. A number of these constructions are rather complicated, requiring a number of different plastic and metal parts. U.S. Pat. No. 3,600,857 illustrates one of the more complicated types of insulated windows with movable sash. In such window, the insulating frame member of each sash includes webs defining the respective lateral surface of the sash frame and flanges extending therefrom and having free marginal portions interlocking with the metal sash frame member to space the latter from the web and to cooperate with the web and the metal frame member in defining cavities therebetween. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 3,302,354 is illustrative of a type of window assembly which provides an exterior frame of extruded members, so formed that header and sill pieces are alike, that jamb pieces are alike. The interior frame is similarly constructed. Once installed, locking strips may be removed so that the interior frame and the glass panels from the exterior frame may be removed from the interior side of the window assembly. 
     The present invention provides a window system which has a number of advantages over the prior art constructions, including a reduction in components and uniformity of extrusions, glass and other parts. 
     The instant invention provides a horizontally rolling window system employing a minimum of extruded frame members for fabricating a variety of window combinations. A basic window construction is provided which may be quickly and easily converted to a variety of types of windows either at the plant, at a subsequent location, or even on the job by the ultimate installer. 
     Other objects and advantages of the invention will be readily apparent from a reading of the description and drawings hereinafter. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention comprises a basic metal window which is so constructed as to receive an interior snap-on plastic window. Exterior metal framing members are provided with tracks or openings which can accommodate various width panels such as single-glazed panels, double-glazed panels, screen panels or other panels as desired. Interior plastic framing members are also provided with suitable tracks for receiving sashes or glass panels. When an interior plastic window is attached to an exterior metal window, an insulated or thermal barrier window construction is provided. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is an enlarged vertical sectional view taken along the line 1--1 of FIG. 7 illustrating a thermal window embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 2 is an enlarged horizontal sectional view taken along the line 2--2 of FIG. 7; 
     FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of a basic metal sill member with single-glazed panels; 
     FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of a basic metal sill member with insulated glass panels; 
     FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of a basic metal jamb member with insulated glass panels; 
     FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of a basic metal jamb member with single-glazed panels; 
     FIG. 7 is a perspective view from the exterior of a window assembly embodying this invention. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Referring to the drawings in detail, and initially to FIG. 7 thereof, a window assembly 10 of the horizontal sliding or rolling type is illustrated. The window 10 comprises an outer metal assembly 11 and a removable or detachable inner plastic assembly 12 (see FIG. 1). 
     The metal assembly 11 contains a fixed glass panel 13 and a horizontally sliding or movable glass panel 14. Exterior of the panel 14 is a screen panel 15. 
     As can be seen more clearly in FIGS. 1 and 2, the metal assembly 11 includes sill 21, head 22 and side jambs 23 and 24 joined together in the customary manner. The metal framing members 21, 22, 23 and 24 are so constructed that tracks or openings are provided therein for receiving glass, screen or other panels. The glass panels may be single, double or even multi-glazed. Side jambs 23 and 24 are substantially identical. 
     The metal framing members are preferably aluminum extrusions and along with the panels 13, 14 and 15 provide the basic metal window unit or assembly 11. 
     The plastic assembly 12 includes sill 31, header 32, and side jambs 33 and 34. The assembly 12 is attached to the interior side of the assembly 11. Sill 31 and header 32 are substantially identical. Side jambs 33 and 34 are also substantially identical. 
     Framing members 31, 32, 33 and 34 along with sashes or glass panels 80 and 90 are assembled and joined together in a customary manner to provide the interior plastic window assembly 11. 
     The window assembly 10 as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a thermal-break triple-glazed rolling window of the two-panel (2-lite) single vent type with exterior screen panel. 
     Considering the parts separately, metal sill 21 is a somewhat L-shaped extruded aluminum box or hollow. The sill includes base member 11a with end members 11b and 11c extending at right angles from each end of the member 11. The member 11d extends inwardly from the upper end of the member 11b. A member 11e extends downwardly from one end of the member 11d and parallel to the member 11b. The member 11e is somewhat shorter than the member 11b. Member 11f extends away from the lower end of the member 11e and more or less parallel to base member 11a and joins the member 11c. The member 11f has a somewhat raised U-shaped portion 11g. Extending vertically from the member 11c is flange 11h. Extending upwardly from the member 11d and near the end of the member 11b is flange 11i. Flange 11i has a short member 11j extending perpendicularly inwardly therefrom. A short member 11k extends from the member 11e and above the member 11d. The member 11a has a short member 11n formed in one end thereof, with a channel 11p therein. Extending downwardly and vertically from base member 11a is nailing fin or flange 11m. 
     Metal head or header 22 is also preferably an aluminum extrusion and includes base member 22a and members 22b and 22c extending from each end of the member 22a and parallel to each other. The member 22b is longer than the member 22c and is substantially the same length as the member 11b. Extending inwardly from the member 22b from one end thereof and parallel to the member 22a is member 22d. The member 22d is similar in shape to the member 11d. Flange 22e extends inwardly from one end of the member 22d and has a short angular member 22f extending therefrom. Near one end of the member 22d and extending outwardly and vertically therefrom is flange 22g. Flange 22g has a short member 22h extending at right angles from the end thereof. Flange 22g is substantially the same as flange 11i. Extending outwardly from the member 22d and opposite flange 22e  is short member 22i. The member 22 has a channel member 22n formed in one end thereof, with a channel 22p therein. Extending perpendicularly from base member 22a is nailing fin 22m. 
     Metal jamb 23 as seen in FIG. 2, includes base member 23a with flanges 23b and 23c extending at right angles from each end thereof and parallel with each other. A member 23d extends at a right angle from the end of the member 23b. Flange 23e extends from the end of the member 21d and is parallel to the member 23b. A short member 23f also extends at a right angle from the member 23d and opposite flange 23e. A short member 23g extends at a right angle from one end of the base member 23a and opposite of member 23c. The member 23c has a somewhat enlarged foot portion 23h on the end thereof. Extending perpendicularly from base member 23a is nailing pin 23m. A flange 23i extends outwardly from the member 23d near one end thereof and parallel to the member 23b. A short member 23j extends at a right angle from the end of the flange 23i. 
     Jamb 24 is substantially identical to jamb 23 and includes base member 24a, member 24b, member 24c, flange 24d, member 24e, short member 24f, short member 24g, foot-portion 24h, flange 24i with short member 24j and pin 24m. 
     When the members 21, 22, 23 and 24 are joined together, the pins of each, 21m, 22m, 23m and 24m are in the same plane with each other. A center bar 25, also preferably of extruded aluminum, is positioned between jambs 23 and 24 and secured in position perpendicularly between the sill 21 and header 22. Bar 25 is a hollow comprising members 25a, 25b, 25c and 25d. Flange 25e extends outwardly from member 25b near the end thereof and parallel to member 25a. Flange 25f extends outwardly from member 25d near the end thereof and parallel to member 25a. Short member 25g extends at a right angle from the member 25e and short member 25h extends at a right angle from the member 25f. The members 25e and 25f are substantially identical. A U-shaped or channel member 25i extends outwardly from the end of the member 25b. One side 25j of the member 25i is opposite the member 25c. The member 25d has a short member 25k on the end thereof which extends opposite the member 25c. 
     Fixed sash 13 includes insulated glass panel 13a which is positioned in and between center bar 25 and jamb 24 by means of glazing beads 26 and 27 and back bedding sealants 28 and 29, respectively. Glazing beads 26 and 27 are substantially identical and preferably are made of rigid PVC. 
     Insulated glass panel 13a is a typical dual pane panel and includes glass panes 13b and 13c which are substantially alike and placed opposite and spaced apart from each other by means of spacers 13d and 13e. A plastic sealant 13f extends around the periphery of the glass panels to provide a seal for the dead-air space 13g between the panes 13a and 13b. 
     Back-bedding sealants 28 and 29 are positioned between insulated glass panel 13a and flanges 25f and 24i, respectively. Glazing beads 26 and 27 are mounted on either side of the panel 13a and attached to the center bar 25 and jamb 24, respectively. The spring action of the curved portion 26a and 27a of the beads 26 and 27, respectively, enables the beads to be locked in place between sealant 28 and short member 25k and between sealant 29 and short member 24f, respectively. 
     Insulated glass panel 13a is mounted in head 22 and sill 21 similarly as to the mounting in bar 25 and jamb 24. Back-bedding sealants are positioned inside of flanges 22g and 11i and plastic glazing beads are attached on the members 22d and 11d. The curved portions of the glazing beads are held in place between the bedding sealants and their respective short members 22i and 11k. 
     Screen panel 15 includes top rail 15a, bottom rail 15b, stile 15c and stile 15d which are substantially identical to each other. Each of the framing members has a screen receiving channel 15e in which screen 15f is mounted in a customary way. The screen 15f is held in the channels 15e by means of a cord or screen bead member 15g. The screen panel 15 is of the drop-in type and is positioned between center bar 25 and jamb 23 and between head 22 and sill 11. The panel 15 is held in place by means of a U-shaped member 15h mounted on stile 15c. The member 15h has a short member 15i thereon which hooks under the member 23f. The member 15h also has a handle member 15j thereon for enabling removal of the panel 15 from the window assembly 11. Head members 22h, 22g, 22d and 22i along with sill members 11j, 11i, 11d and 11k form the upper and lower tracks, respectively, for screen panel 15 and also for insulated glass panel 13a. Jamb members 23j, 23i, 23d and 23f along with center bar members 25g, 25e, 25 b and 25j form the side tracks for panel 15. 
     Movable glass panel 14 includes insulated glass 14a, top rail 14b, bottom rail 14c, pull stile 14d and interlock stile 14e. Insulated glass 14a includes glass panes 14f and 14g spaced apart and opposite each other and joined together in the usual manner with a void space 14h between the panes. Spacers 14i and 14j and 14k and 14m separate the panes 14g and 14h. A sealant 14n is placed around the periphery of the glass panes 14g and 14h to completely seal them from each other and provide the dead-air space 14h. 
     Top rail 14b is preferably an extruded aluminum member and includes a center member 14p with end members 14r and 14s thereon. A short member 14t extends from the member 14p and opposite the end member 14s. A flange 14u extends from the member 14p and away from the member 14r. A short member 14v extends at a right angle from the end of the member 14w. A weatherstripping or piling seal channel 14w is formed in the by member 14r. 
     Bottom rail 14c is substantially identical to top rail 14b. For simplification, the parts of bottom rail 14c are not numbered individually, but can be considered the same as those of top rail 14b. 
     Glazing beads 36 and 37 and back-bedding sealants 38 and 39 provide the means for mounting the insulated glass 14a in top rail 14b and bottom rail 14c, similarly as to mounting of panel 13a in bar 25 and jamb 24. 
     Pull stile 14d and interlock stile 14e are also preferably extruded aluminum hollows. Stile 14d includes members 41, 42, 43 and 44 which comprise a more or less rectangular hollow. A weather stripping channel 45 is formed in the member 42. A handle or pull member 46 extends from the member 43 and opposite the member 44. A short member 47 extends from the member 44 and opposite the member 43. A flange 48 extends from the member 44 and opposite the member 42. A short member 49 extends at a right angle from the end of the flange 48. 
     Interlock stile 14e is similar to pull stile 14d and includes members 51, 52, 53 and 54 which more or less comprise a rectangular hollow. The member 52 has a weather stripping channel 55 formed therein. A flange 56 extends from an end of the member 54 and opposite the member 52. A hooked or L-shaped member 57 extends outwardly from the end of the member 54. Extending from the other end of the member 54 is pull handle 58. Also extending from the member 54 but opposite the member 53 is short member 59. 
     Insulated glass panel 14a is mounted in stiles 14d and 14e by means of plastic glazing beads 66 and 67 and back-bedding sealants 68 and 69, respectively, similarly to panel 13a. The complete glass panel 14 is slidably movable within the frame 11. Panel 14 is guided by members 23c and 23e on one side and by members 24c and 24e on the other side. The member 25c also provides a guide. Weather stripping members 61 and 62 are inserted in their respective channels 45 and 55. Weather stripping members 63 and 64 are positioned in their respective channels 14w and 14x. Members 11e, 11f and 11h along with hump portion 11g form a guide or lower track for panel 14. Members 22c and 22e provide a guide or upper track for the panel 14. 
     When the plastic frame members 31, 32, 33 and 34 are attached to their respective parts of frame 11, short or hooked members 31a and 32a provide guides on the interior side of the panel 14 and also insulate the panel 14 from the adjacent metal members 11h and 22c, respectively. When the plastic frame 12 is not attached to the metal frame 11, a plurality of plastic spacer buttons 70 (See FIG. 3) are inserted into suitable openings therefor appropriately located on stiles 14y and 14s to prevent motal to metal contact of panel 14 with members 11h and 22c. 
     As seen in FIGS. 1 and 2, the plastic window or frame assembly 12 includes sill 31, header 32 and jambs 33 and 34. Framing members 31, 32, 33 and 34 are preferably extruded PVC members. They are joined together in a customary or other suitable manner to form the complete plastic assembly 12. 
     Sill or frame member 31 is a hollow or box-type extrusion and comprises the members 31a, 31b, 31c and 31d which form the basic rectangular frame. A flange 31e extends from the member 31c and opposite thereof. A flange 31f extends from the member 31a and also opposite thereof. Flange 31f has a hooked member 31g on the end thereof and a short perpendicular member 31h extending intermediately therefrom. A flange 31i extends from the member 31b and opposite therefrom. A member 31j extends at a right angle from the end of the flange 31i. Member 31j has a hooked or right angle member 31k on the end thereof and a perpendicular member 31l at an intermediate location therefrom. The members 31c, 31b and 31h are parallel with each other. 
     Extending perpendicularly from the member 31d are a pair of short members 31m and 31n and a longer center member 31p. The members 31e, 31n, 31p, 31m, 31i, 31h and 31k are substantially parallel with each other. 
     Head or header 32 is also a hollow or box-like plastic extrusion. Members 32a, 32b, 32c and 32d form the basic rectangular or box-like frame. Flange 32e extends from one end of the member 32a and has a hooked member 32f on the end thereof. A short perpendicular member 32g extends from the member 32e from an intermediate location thereon and near the hooked member 32f. Long flanges 32h and 32i extend from the ends of the members 32b and 32d, respectively. A long perpendicular member 32j also extends from a central location of the member 32c. Flange 32i has a member 32k extending at a right angle therefrom. A flange or hooked member 32l extends from the free end of the member 32k. Near the member 32l, a short perpendicular member 32m extends from the member 32k. The members 32b, 32d and 32g are substantially parallel with each other. The members 32h, 32j, 32i, 32m and 32l are also substantially parallel with each other. 
     Jamb members 33 and 34 are substantially identical in cross-sectional shape and length. They are spaced apart in the assembly 12 in a mirror image relationship. Jamb 33 is an extruded plastic hollow or box-like frame member. Members 33a, 33b, 33c and 33d comprise the basic rectangular frame. A flange 33e extends from the member 33b and a flange 33f extends from the member 33d. A perpendicular member 33g extends from the member 33c at a central location thereon. A flange 33h extends from the member 33a. A hooked member 33i extends from the free end of the flange 33h. A member 33j extends at a right angle from the flange 33f and ends in a hooked portion or member 33k. A short perpendicular member 33l extends from the member 33j at an intermediate location thereon. The members 33e, 33g, 33f and 33l are in substantially a parallel relationship with each other. The members 33b and 33d are also parallel to each other. Members 33h and 33j are substantially parallel to each other as are members 33a and 33b. 
     Members and/or parts 34a through 34l are identical to their respective lettered parts 33a through 33l. 
     A pair of slidably movable single-glazed sash panels 80 and 90 are positioned within the frame 12. For simplicity of construction, the panels 80 and 90 are substantially identical with each other. 
     Top rails 81 and 91 and bottom rails 82 and 92 are identical members and are preferably aluminum extrusions. Glass panels 83 and 93 are mounted in their respective rails in a customary manner utilizing glazing gaskets 84 and 94. 
     Rail 82 is a somewhat &#34;H-shaped&#34; extrusion with the members forming the side of the &#34;H&#34; in which the glazing is positioned or mounted having a plurality of short members 82a extending inwardly therefrom towards each other for aiding in locking the glazing gasket 84 in position. Sill members 31p and 31e and head members 32h and 32j provide a track for panel for rail members 82 and 81, respectively. Sill members 31p and 31i and head members 32j and 32i form a track for rail members 92 and 91, respectively. 
     Plastic sill 31 is attached to metal sill 21 by means of the engagement of member 31g with channel member 11n. Hooked member 31g fits into channel 11p with member 31h adjacent the interior edge of member 11c. The opening formed by members 31k and 31l is positioned over or on flange 11h. 
     Plastic head 32 is attached to metal head 22 in a somewhat similar manner. Hooked member 32f is positioned in channel 22p of member 22n. Short member 32g forms a channel with hook member 32f which is positioned over or on one end of the member 22c. Members 32m and 32l form a channel or opening which is fitted on or over the free end of member 22c. 
     Sash 80 also includes a pull stile 85 and an interlock stile 86. Sash 90 similarly includes a pull stile 95 and an interlock stile 96. Pull stiles 85 and 95 are substantially identical. Interlock stiles 86 and 96 are also substantially identical. 
     Pull stile 85 is somewhat &#34;H-shaped&#34; with a pull handle 85a extending at a right angle from one end of one side 85b of the &#34;H&#34;. Pane 83 is mounted in one side of the &#34;H&#34; and held in place therein by means of a glazing gasket 87. 
     Interlock stile 86 is also a somewhat &#34;H-shaped&#34; aluminum extrusion. One of the members 86a forming the &#34;H&#34; has a weather stripping channel 86b therein in which weather stripping 88 is inserted therein. A flange 86a extends outwardly at a right angle from the free end of the member 86b. A locking foot member 86d extends perpendicularly from the flange 86c. Foot member 86d interlocks with foot member 96d of stile 96 when the panels 80 and 90 are in a closed position. 
     Members 86e, 86f, 86g and 86h complete the remainder of the &#34;H&#34; of the stile 86. Glazing panel 83 is inserted in stile 86 between members 86g and 86e and held in place therein by means of glazing gasket 89. 
     In the preferred window assembly, interior panels 80 and 90 are slidably movable; however, either or both may be fixed if desired. The construction of the plastic assembly 12 is such that the panels 80 and 90 may be quickly and easily installed or removed. 
     The present invention provides frame members which are adapted to readily receive various glazing and interior thermal frame members for present or future requirements. FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6 illustrate several alternative panel arrangements. In such figures, parts are identified as their like parts were identified in FIGS. 1 and 2. 
     In FIG. 3, a non-thermal frame utilizing single glazing is illustrated. In this arrangement, sash panels 100 and 110 are identical. Panel 100, for example, includes pane or glass 101 which is mounted in sill 21 utilizing glazing bead 102 and backbedding sealant 103. Sill members 11i, 11j and 11k provide the receiving members for panel 100. 
     Sash 110 is similarly mounted but is mounted in bottom rail 14c in sill 21, which in turn is mounted in sill 21. In this embodiment, glass 111 with glazing bead 112 and back-bedding sealant 113 is mounted or positioned in rail members 14u, 14v and 14t. Member 14s has a plurality of spaced apart openings therein for receiving spacer buttons 70. Weather stripping 64 is fixed in channel 14x of member. 
     Sashes 100 and 110 are similarly mounted in head 22. Beads 102 and 112 are identical and are preferably rigid PVC. 
     FIG. 4 is representative of a non-thermal frame with two insulated glass panels 14a and 124. Panel 14 and its various parts are the same as those illustrated in FIG. 1 and Panel 14 is mounted in sill 21 the same as is shown in FIG. 1. 
     Insulated glass panel 124 is positioned in sill 21 in place of screen panel 15. Panel 124 is identical to panel 14a. Panel 124 is mounted directly onto sill 21 by means of sill members 11j, 11i and 11k. The mounting of panel 124 on sill 21 is substantially the same as the mounting of panel 14a in bottom rail 14c. Panels 124 and 14a are mounted in head 22 in a similar fashion. 
     From observing FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the versatility of the basic metal assembly 11 is readily seen. The same basic sill and head framing members are quickly and easily fitted with either dual or insulated glass panels, single glass panels or screen panels. The panels may also be either fixed or movable as desired. 
     FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate non-thermal frames with insulated glass and single glass, respectively. The mounting of insulated glass panels 14a and 124 in jamb 23 is shown in FIG. 5. The mounting of single glass panels 100 and 110 is shown in FIG. 6. 
     The metal parts of the jamb members 23 and 24 are so constructed that the glass panels are mounted therein in substantially the same way as they are mounted in their respective sill and head members. 
     The plastic assembly 12 of FIGS. 1 and 2 may be attached to any of the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 3-6. 
     The novel construction of this invention provides basic metal framing members and basic plastic framing and other members which can be quickly and easily assembled to provide a variety of types of window assemblies as required or desired. For example, windows may be standard frames with either single glazing or insulated glazing; they may be thermal break windows with triple or double glazing and with inside thermal sashes; they may also be singles, side vent or center vent. 
     It can readily be appreciated that this novel window assembly is a multi-purpose one which is readily adapted to the particular needs of the installer and the climatic conditions to be met. 
     The foregoing disclosure and description of the invention is illustrative and explanatory thereof and various changes in the size, shape and materials, as well as in the details of the illustrated construction may be made within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.