Patent Publication Number: US-10321185-B2

Title: Communication signaling engine

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     The present application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/616,723, filed Sep. 14, 2012, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/503,134, filed Jul. 15, 2009, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,291,459, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Watching television is much easier today than it was ten or twenty years ago, since many cable or satellite customers now use set-top boxes (STBs) that are more and more sophisticated. For example, an electronic programming guide (EPG) may display television listings for viewing, and may automatically record programs at the customer&#39;s selection. These EPGs have become increasingly important in ensuring that a viewer has a pleasant program-watching experience, by providing detailed information on the program options that are available, and by providing users with various options to watch, record, rewind, pause and otherwise manage their television viewing experience. 
     The additional features are certainly helpful and desirable, but the onset of additional features has, however, complicated the experience as well. Users must now know how to navigate an EPG&#39;s menu structure, and use a remote control that can have dozens of buttons. Accordingly, there is an ever-present need to balance the introduction of new features without overcomplicating the television viewing experience. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY 
     The following presents a simplified summary of the disclosure in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects herein that allow users to use spoken words to interact with their STBs. It is not intended to identify key or critical elements of the claimed inventions or to delineate the scope of the claims. The following summary merely presents some concepts of the disclosure in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description provided below. 
     In one aspect, a programming content manager (PCM) may use voice and/or text messages to convey information to a viewer&#39;s device. For example, the viewer may have previously requested that an alert be sent to the viewer&#39;s cell phone 30 minutes before the start of any nationally broadcasted sports program. Accordingly, approximately 30 minutes before the start of such a program, the PCM may call a predefined phone number and audibly (e.g., using a spoken voice) alert the viewer. In one alternative, the PCM may leave a message on a voice-answering machine if the viewer is not available. In another example, the PCM may send a SMS message to a predefined address or send an email to a predefined email address, and the like. Other criteria that may lead to the triggering of an alert message include the cancellation or rescheduling of a program, the lack of available recording space to record a program that the user has scheduled for recording, and the like. 
     In another aspect, the PCM may receive voice and/or textual (e.g., SMS, email) commands from a viewer via, for example, a VoIP-enabled device or any other voice-enabled communication device. The request may be related to television programming. For example, the viewer may request programming information based on certain criteria to be immediately delivered to the viewer (e.g., “What football games are on this Sunday?”). In another example, the viewer may request an alert when a designated show is about to begin (“Please alert me when ‘Monday Night Football’ is about to begin.”). In yet another example, the viewer may request confirmation that a particular program is scheduled to be recorded (“Please confirm that you will record ‘Monday Night Football.”). The PCM may process the audio request and may receive from and send to the requesting viewer, audio, textual, and/or video messages in order to satisfy the request. 
     In one aspect, the requested action may be a real-time action where the PCM may satisfy the request by performing an action immediately. Alternatively, the requested action may be related to a future action (e.g., to record a particular program in the future). The PCM may schedule the future action or confirm that the future action has been previously scheduled. The PCM may carry out the requested action automatically as scheduled and may send confirmation to the viewer that the requested action was completed. In another example, if the requested action is no longer possible or becomes unavailable, the PCM may send a message to update the viewer of the status. 
     In another aspect, a PCM may offer social networking options, such as allowing a viewer to share a viewing experience with others via a network. For example, a PCM may forward an alert to additional viewers besides a primary viewer—the alert can serve as a recommendation to the other viewers. Additionally, the PCM may customize the message to the individual recipients, taking into account criteria such as the primary viewer&#39;s friends list, the recipients&#39; own preferences, the television subscription level of the recipients, etc. 
     When the viewers receive the alert, the recipient may be able to accept the invitation and automatically request that the program be recorded at the recipient&#39;s own PCM device. In one aspect, where the invitation is delivered to the recipient via email, the recipient may accept the invitation by replying to the email with a message indicating “Please record.” In another aspect, where the invitation is delivered to the recipient via an automated voice mail system, the recipient may follow the prompts during the voice call to accept the invitation. Since the alerts may be customized, the PCM may form a different message when sending to a recipient who, for example, does not have recording capabilities. The different message may simply inform the recipient of the upcoming program, without offering the automatic reply recording options. 
     The methods and systems of the above-referenced embodiments may also include other additional elements, steps, computer-executable instructions, or computer-readable data structures. In this regard, other embodiments are disclosed and claimed herein as well. 
     The details of these and other embodiments are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features and advantages will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The present disclosure is illustrated by way of example, but not limited to, the accompanying figures, in which like reference numerals indicate similar elements. 
         FIG. 1  illustrates a content processing and distribution system according to one or more aspects described herein. 
         FIG. 2  illustrates a block diagram of a program content manager according to one or more aspects described herein. 
         FIG. 3  illustrates an example of a method for initiating a communication to a user according to one or more aspects described herein. 
         FIGS. 4 a    &amp;  4   b  illustrate an example of a method for processing a user&#39;s request according to one or more aspects described herein. 
         FIGS. 5 a    &amp;  5   b  illustrate example messaging that may result using features described herein. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       FIG. 1  illustrates a content processing and distribution system  100 . The distribution system  100  may include a headend  102 , such as a cable television headend. The headend  102  may be connected to a network  104 , which may be any type of distribution network, such as a coaxial cable network, hybrid fiber cable network, fiber network, telephone network, wireless or satellite network, etc. The network  104  may also be connected to PCMs  106 , why may be implemented using software on a computing device, such as a server or set-top box, and their corresponding receiving devices  108  (e.g., television, computer display, etc.). The distribution system  100  may be used as a media service provider/subscriber system wherein the provider (or vendor) generally operates the headend  102  and the network  104  and also provides a subscriber (i.e., client, customer, service purchaser, user, etc.) with the PCM  106 . 
     The PCM  106  shown in  FIG. 1  is located at the subscriber location such as a subscriber&#39;s home, a tavern, a hotel room, a business, etc., but it may be located elsewhere if desired. In one aspect, the PCM may be integrated into a set-top box. Alternatively, PCM  106  may instead be a part of a service provider, e.g., as a portion of the headend  102 . In yet another alternative, PCM  106  may be a distributed module that includes operations both within the headend  102  and external to the headend  102 . The components of PCM  106  may be implemented on any desired computing platform (e.g., personal computer, dedicated server, etc.) and may be configured as hardware, software, firmware and/or combinations thereof. 
     The PCM  106  may include a capability to record media accessible by the receiving device  108 . The recorded media may be stored locally at the PCM  106  device or at a remote location (e.g., on a network server) accessible by the PCM  106 . Alternatively, PCM  106  may send/receive information to a remote media recording and storing device accessible by the receiving device  108  and/or its STB. 
     The receiving device  108  may be provided by the subscribing client. The receiving device  108  may be any type of device used to access content or information from network  104 , and may include a television, high definition television (HDTV), monitor, host viewing device, MP3 player, audio receiver, radio, communication device, personal computer, media player, digital video recorder, game playing device, cable modem, mobile telephone, etc. The device  108  may be implemented as a transceiver having interactive capability in connection with the PCM  106 , the headend  102  or both the PCM  106  and the headend  102 . 
     The headend  102  may be communicatively coupled to the network  104 , which in turn is generally communicatively coupled to the PCM  106 , and each PCM  106  is generally communicatively coupled to the respective device  108 . While the distribution system  100  is illustrated showing one PCM  106  coupled to one respective receiving device  108 , each PCM  106  may be configured with having the capability of coupling more than one device  108 . 
     The headend  102  may include a plurality of devices  110  (e.g., devices  110   a - 110   n ) such as data servers, computers, processors, security encryption and decryption apparatuses or systems, processing equipment (e.g., provider operated subscriber account processing servers), television service transceivers (e.g., transceivers for standard broadcast television and radio, digital television, HDTV, audio, MP3, text messaging, gaming, etc.), and the like configured to communicate via the network  104  and provide content data. Content may include any type of media including visual, audio and print. For example, content items may include audiovisual media such as television shows, movies, interviews, news shows; audio media including sound bits, music, books-on-tape; and visual media (e.g., video content or textual data) such as news reports, articles, books, magazines, and the like. 
     The network  104  may selectively distribute (i.e., transmit and receive) media service provider streams (e.g., standard broadcast television and radio, digital television, HDTV, Video on Demand (VOD), audio, MP3, text messaging, games, etc.) for example, to the PCM  106  and to the receivers  108 . The network may include Internet Protocol (IP) based components, and a viewer may communicate with the PCM  106  via an IP communication (e.g., using email, Voice-over IP (VoIP), and the like) from an IP device. In another aspect, a service provider may allow a subscriber to access websites and content providers connected to the Internet (i.e., WAN). Websites may include news sites, social networking sites, personal webpages and the like. In another example, a service provider (e.g., a media provider) may supplement or customize media data sent to a subscriber&#39;s set top box using data from the WAN. Accordingly, PCM  106  or headend  102  may have access to content and data on the WAN. 
     The network  104  may also include one or more cellular networks and/or a public-switched telephone network (PSTN). Such networks may enable a viewer to communicate and/or control a corresponding PCM remotely. The network  104  may be available to the various devices shown in  FIG. 1  to communicate and send information to and from one another. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates a block diagram of a computing device  200  that may perform the various features described herein, such as those of the PCM  106 , various servers, STBs, etc. The device  200  may include a processor  202  configured to execute instructions stored on one or more computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM)  204 , read only memory (ROM)  206  and hard drive  208 . The memories may store computer-executable instructions that cause the processor  202  and device  200  to operate in the manner described herein. Storage in hard drive  208  may be configured to store a variety of information such as application data, user preference information, content items, broadcast listings, media recording schedules, application programming and the like. 
     The device  200  may also include communication interface  210 , which may include any desired type of hardware and/or software interface used to communicate with other devices over network  104 . For example, interface  210  may include any appropriate hard-wired (e.g., twisted pair, coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, hybrid fiber cable, etc.) or wireless (e.g., radio frequency, microwave, infrared, etc.) coupling and protocol (e.g., Home Plug, HomePNA, IEEE 802.11(a-b), Bluetooth, HomeRF, etc.) to meet the design criteria of a particular application and/or network  104 . 
       FIG. 3  illustrates a method for initiating a communication to a user triggered by an event such as one or more criteria being met. For example, this may be used to alert a user that a television program has been rescheduled to air at a different time. At step  300 , the PCM may determine that a message is to be sent to the user due to the occurrence of an event. For example, the particular program may have been previously designated to be of interest to the user. In another example, user may have previously requested that an alert be sent to the user when a particular program is about to be broadcasted. In another example, the event may include multiple criteria such as sending an alert to the user if is the present time is 30 minutes prior to the scheduled broadcasting time of the program and no space is available on the user&#39;s account to record the program. Such an alert may prompt the user to delete or otherwise make space available for recording the program. For example, the user may be prompted to purchase more space or upgrade the user&#39;s account. In another example, the PCM may delete recorded media based on date of recording, frequency of access, and other priority settings. In one aspect, such events may be customizable by the user. The user may access the PCM (e.g., via an Internet connection, or via display  108 ), and may identify one or more criteria that may result in an alert message. The criteria may, for example, identify the types of situations in which an alert is to be sent. The criteria may include, for example, viewer program preference information (e.g., indicating that this viewer enjoys NFL football games), information requesting notifications of changes in airing schedules of selected programs, system maintenance information (e.g., alerting the user when the media storage space is running low), time of day information (e.g., the user may want alerts sent to different devices, or not at all, at different times of day, identification of STB states in which a message will (or will not) be sent (e.g., a viewer may indicate that while the STB is actively being watched, or while a video on demand is being viewed, that no alerts be sent, or that alerts be redirected), a request to send program recommendations to the viewer&#39;s friends, etc. 
     At step  305 , the PCM may determine the message to be sent. For example, if the message is an alert to remind the user that a particular program may be broadcasted soon, the PCM may select a reminder message. In another example, if the alert is for a re-scheduling of a program of interest, the PCM may select a re-scheduling message and, if available, may include the updated time that the program is scheduled to be available for viewing. This may also include determining the one or more recipients who will receive the message. For example, alerts may go to the primary viewer who initially set up the criteria, but additional alerts may be sent to the viewer&#39;s family members or friends. This may be accomplished, for example, by having the processor  202  access a contacts database stored on the hard drive  208 , and by comparing preference information, subscription levels, etc., to identify suitable recipients for an alert message. 
     At step  310 , the PCM may determine the method of delivery for the message. Delivery methods may include an automated spoken voice call to the user&#39;s telephone, an email message sent to the user&#39;s email address, or a text message transmitted over the internet (e.g., instant messaging) or transmitted to a user&#39;s mobile communication device (e.g., a SMS text message). Delivery methods may also be customized by the user. Alternatively, the PCM may select a method of delivery based on contact information available to the PCM. 
     At step  315 , the PCM may deliver the message to the user using the selected method of delivery. In one aspect, the PCM may deliver the message through the appropriate communication channels. For example, the PCM may deliver an email message via the internet or initiate a VoIP telephone call. Alternatively, the PCM may request that another device perform the delivery of the message. 
     In addition to receiving PCM-initiated messages, the user may also be able to transmit a message to the PCM, requesting that the PCM perform a function. The request may be received in one of a plurality of different ways. For example, the user may call the PCM and may deliver the request verbally by speaking into a phone. In another example, the user may send a SMS message or an email to the PCM indicating that the user wishes performance of a certain action. The PCM may be configured to respond to requests in a communication method specified by the user. In one aspect, a default communication method for replying to the user may be set to match the method that the user is utilizing to send the request. 
     In one aspect, the user may spontaneously request the PCM to perform an action, that is, the request may be initiated by the user without prompting. In another aspect, the user&#39;s request may be a response to a message delivered by the PCM (e.g., replying “yes” to an alert regarding a new program, signaling to the PCM that the new PCM should be recorded for the user). 
       FIG. 4  illustrates a method for processing a user&#39;s request for performance of an action. At step  400 , a PCM (e.g., PCM  106 ) may receive a request for an action to be performed related to a particular user&#39;s account. The request may arrive in a variety of forms. For example, the request may simply come from a handheld remote control, with the user interacting with the PCM via a STB in the user&#39;s home. Alternatively, the user may place a phone call to an automated voice server, which may allow the PCM to receive a spoken verbal command from the user over a telephone. Alternatively, the user may send an email or text (e.g., short message service—SMS) message to an email/text message server associated with the PCM, thereby allowing the PCM to receive emails or text messages containing commands to take some action. As another alternative, the PCM may be associated with an Internet web service, which may offer a web page to allow users to interact with and control their respective PCMs. 
     At step  402 , the PCM may authenticate the user to determine whether the user is authorized to request the action. This may require that the user supply some form of identification information (e.g., a spoken or textual password, a signed or encrypted message, a unique identification code, caller identification information, etc.) to the PCM (or its associated server). The PCM may compare the received identification information with a database of authorized users, and may authenticate the user if the identified user is present in the database. For example, if the user is calling or texting from a phone number which is stored in a database (e.g., database  109 ) as an authorized phone number for the particular account, the user may be considered to be authenticated. In one aspect, the user may have to provide the customer account number, an address or other identification information to determine the account. Alternatively, if the user is emailing the PCM from an email address which is stored in a database (e.g., database  109 ), the user may be authenticated and include some other piece of identification information (account number, address, name, and the like) the user may be able to request that the PCM perform certain actions based on account settings. Other conventional methods of authorization and authentication may also be used, such as verifying an inputted passcode for a particular user account and determining which actions are permitted for the particular account. 
     If the user fails authentication, the system may simply return to step  400  to await the next user request. If the user passes authentication, then the PCM may proceed with processing the user&#39;s request. A variety of requests may be supported, and  FIG. 4  illustrates several examples. As an example, in step  404 , the PCM may check to determine whether the requested action involves scheduling an event to be delivered to the user. An event may be any video, audio, audiovisual program, such as a television show, a pay-per-view movie or event, a television channel, a song, etc. 
     If the request includes a request to receive an event, then the PCM may, in step  406 , obtain the event from a storage (e.g., a database in a memory, such as a hard drive  208 ) for the user, and/or schedule the event for future delivery to the user. For example, if the user is requesting to record an upcoming episode of a television program, the PCM may add that program&#39;s information to an event timer or record listing, so that the requested event is recorded. If the request is for a video-on-demand movie, the PCM may initiate the resources needed to begin the transfer/streaming of the requested movie to the user&#39;s PCM (or STB, or any other desired end device). This retrieval may involve the PCM automatically transmitting a request to another device, such as a headend VOD server, to retrieve the requested event. 
     The identification of the requested event may be contained as data in the original request received in step  400 , or may be obtained by other means. For example, the user can be prompted by the PCM (or an appropriate associated component) to speak (if by voice), email (if by email/text), or otherwise signal the title of the desired event. Events may also be identified through the identification of categories or criteria, such as “sports.” The requested event need not be a future event. For example, the user may simply issue the request as a channel change request, to immediately see contents on a particular channel 
     Then, in step  408 , the PCM may transmit a reply to the user indicating that the request has been successfully processed (or reporting a failure if a failure occurred, such as the event not being available, or being already on a record list). The reply may be an automated telephone call, a voice message, an email, text message, or any other desired form of reply to give feedback to the user. 
     The PCM may then proceed to step  410 , and determine whether the request included a request for an event alerting action. An event alerting action may be any type of message to a recipient (e.g., onscreen prompt, message, email, voice message, etc.) informing the recipient of an event and/or its availability, and may also offer the recipient an option of taking further action in response to the alert. If such an alert was requested, then the PCM may determine, in step  412 , which events are to be the subject of the alert. The identification of an event may be obtained in the same manner discussed above. 
     Then, in step  414 , the PCM may determine which recipients are to receive the requested alert. Like the events, the recipients may be identified using data in the original request, or in additional user responses to prompts by the PCM. Recipients may also be identified by predefined groups, such as the user&#39;s friends list or contacts list, which may be stored in a database accessible to the PCM (e.g., a database in hard disk  208  of a STB). For example, the user may define a “Heroes Fan Club” friends list, and program alerts may be directed to members of the list. 
     In step  416 , the PCM may determine additional details for the alert message. For example, the PCM may determine what medium the message is to take (e.g., automated phone call, voice message, email, text message, onscreen prompt, etc.), the timing of the message (e.g., identifying times of day in which the alert message should be sent, and where), and any other detail of the alert message. In addition to determining the medium of the alert, the alert contents and response options may also vary. For example, an alert may be sent to multiple recipients (e.g., a list of friends in the user&#39;s contact list), some of whom may not subscribe to the same cable service). The alert may be customized to be compatible with the recipient&#39;s cable service, and may offer different levels of options for different users. So a recipient who subscribes to a higher level of service may receive an alert that includes an option to automatically have an event recorded by the recipient&#39;s own PCM or STB if the user replies with a “Yes” response. A recipient who subscribes to a lower level of service might simply receive an alert reminding them of the upcoming event, with no option to automatically have the event scheduled for recording. 
     As with the events discussed above, these details may also be included in the original request, or they may be obtained through prompting by the PCM. Some details may be automatic, as well. For example, the user might simply specify that an alert be sent to a predefined group with response options active, and the PCM may automatically consult a database to determine which recipients in the group should receive which type of alert (e.g., identifying the recipients who have response capability, or higher levels of service). 
     In step  418 , the PCM may then schedule the alert for delivery. This may include, for example, adding an entry in a database of alerts to be sent by the PCM. The PCM may then report the successful scheduling of the alert, or the failure if an error occurs, in step  420 . 
     In step  422 , the PCM may check to determine whether the request included a request to perform some other form of system management. For example, the user could be requesting to manage the content stored in a hard drive of the user&#39;s STB, to make room for an upcoming recording the user wants to make, or to prune outdated content and remove it from the storage. If such a request is included, then the PCM may, in step  424 , perform the requested system management. If the request was to manage the user&#39;s hard drive storage space, then this performance may include providing the user with a listing (audio, web page, email, etc.) of the content and storage space information (occupied and/or free/available), and accepting user commands (e.g., via spoken commands) to delete or keep the content on the hard drive. 
     Then, in step  426 , the PCM may confirm to the user that the management is complete. For example, the PCM may inform the user that the requested programs have been deleted from the hard drive. 
     In step  428 , the PCM may check to determine whether the request is a request for listings information, such as a television program listing. For example, the user may be calling to ask what time a particular football game will be airing. If such a request is made, then at step  430 , one or more criteria for the listings requested may be determined. In one aspect, the parameters or criteria may be default criteria or may have previously been defined by a user (e.g., the user may have set up and saved on the PCM one or more “favorite” search configurations, each consisting of one more search criteria). In another aspect, the user may specify the criteria as part of the request. For instance, the user may place a telephone call to the PCM and indicate (e.g., by voice command) that the user desires a listings request. The PCM may prompt the user for verbal input of the search criteria by using an automated voice messaging system. The user may speak input parameters such as “all sports programs available for viewing next Friday, between 8 p.m. and 10 p.m.”. In one aspect, the PCM may parse and search key words received in order to determine the user&#39;s request. Optionally, the PCM may confirm whether the search parameters received are indeed the search parameters intended by the user. In one aspect, the user may use a keypad or other input method to supplement or clarify verbal responses. 
     Once the search criterias are received, the PCM may perform a search at step  432 , and may condense the results at step  434  using additional search criteria before delivering the search results at step  436 . The delivery may be via voice message, custom web page, text message, email, or any other desired delivery mechanism. The user may also be asked to identify how the results should be delivered, or the initial request may include a specification of how the results should be delivered. 
     The discussion above shows example flow diagrams of processes to illustrate example features, but the steps may be rearranged, combined, omitted, as desired to present the overall experience.  FIG. 5 a    illustrates an example text message string that illustrates some of the features described above. As shown in  FIG. 5 a   , an initial alert may be received by a recipient (“Your friend John would like to remind you that show ‘ABC’ will be broadcasted tomorrow on Channel 3 at 8:00 PM EST”). That alert may be sent as in step  315 , with content, formatting details and recipient identified as in steps  412 - 416 . Assuming the recipient has a level of service that allows remote scheduling (a detail that may be determined in step  416 ), the recipient may also be asked whether they would like to record the alerted event (“Would you like to record this show! Hit Reply to Record!!”). 
     If the user replies (“I&#39;d like to record”), then that response may be received by the PCM, and may be handled as a new request issuing from the recipient (e.g., beginning step  400  for the recipient). If desired, this new request may be formulated by the original sender&#39;s PCM, and forwarded through network  104  to another PCM that services the recipient. 
     As part of the interaction, the recipient may be asked if there is anything else to be done, and the user might request a listing of shows set to be recorded (“Yes, please send me the shows that I have set to be recorded tomorrow.”), which may be handled as a request as in step  428 , and the PCM may respond with the desired information (“Show123 will be recorded.”). 
     A recipient who does not have the capability to record, or who does not have the ability to automatically configure recordings in response to the alert, may receive a simpler alert, such as the one shown in  FIG. 5   b.    
     The example above uses textual alerts for ease of explanation, but the prompting and communication may occur through voice as well. In either case, the PCM (or a device associated with the PCM) may have voice recognition and/or text command recognition software/hardware to interpret responses received from the user or recipient. 
     The methods and features recited herein may further be implemented through any number of computer readable media that are able to store computer readable instructions. Examples of computer readable media that may be used include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, DVD or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic storage and the like. 
     Additionally or alternatively, in at least some embodiments, the methods and features recited herein may be implemented through one or more integrated circuits (ICs). An integrated circuit may, for example, be a microprocessor that accesses programming instructions or other data stored in a read only memory (ROM). In some such embodiments, the ROM stores programming instructions that cause the IC to perform operations according to one or more of the methods described herein. In at least some other embodiments, one or more the methods described herein are hardwired into an IC. In other words, the IC is in such cases an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) having gates and other logic dedicated to the calculations and other operations described herein. In still other embodiments, the IC may perform some operations based on execution of programming instructions read from ROM or RAM, with other operations hardwired into gates and other logic of IC. 
     The various components and network elements discussed above may be rearranged as well, and may be combined/subdivided as desired. For example, the PCM is illustrated along with the user&#39;s STB, but the two may be combined. Alternatively, the PCM may be located remotely from the user&#39;s home, such as at a cable television headend. A single PCM may be assigned to manage the content for a plurality of users. 
     Although specific examples of carrying out the features above have been described, there are numerous variations and permutations of the above-described systems and methods that are contained within the spirit and scope of the disclosure herein. Additionally, numerous other embodiments, modifications and variations within the scope and spirit of the appended claims will occur to persons of ordinary skill in the art from a review of this disclosure.