Patent Publication Number: US-2022233892-A1

Title: Emergency escape method for vehicle and escape device therefor

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     This invention relates to an emergency escape method for a vehicle and an emergency escape device therefor, capable of escaping from the vehicle reliably and safely when, for example, the vehicle employing a laminated glass is submerged or when, for example, occupants of the vehicle are trapped within the vehicle because of a traffic accident, or the like by selecting various escape methods that can be taken in an emergency and realize a rational escape method. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     Recently, cases are increasing where occupants are trapped in a vehicle which is submerged in water because of the road flooded or the river is overflowed by heavy rain, for example. 
     In such cases, the occupants of the vehicle need to escape outside from the vehicle by rapidly cutting the seatbelts, releasing physical restrain and crushing the door glass. 
     The present applicant already developed and proposed several devices as an emergency escape device suitable for satisfying such purposes. 
     For example, there is a fire extinguishing gas cylinder loaded with carbon dioxide is loaded into a breaking device, in which a seat belt introduction groove is arranged on the side of the breaking device, a seat belt cutter is arranged in the seat belt introduction groove, the seat belt is introduced into the seat belt introduction groove, so that the seat belt can be cut, a hummer member is attached to the bottom of the loaded fire extinguishing gas cylinder, a head part of the hammer member is hit against a door glass to crush it, after escaping from the cabin, the head part of the hammer member is operated to crush the fire extinguishing gas cylinder, and the fire extinguishing gas is injected to the fire source (See Patent Document 1). 
     There is also another one, in which a retainable cylindrical emergency escape tool is provided at one end thereof with a seat belt introduction groove and a seat belt cutter and at the other end with a hammer, wherein a seat belt inserted in the seat belt introduction groove is cut by a seat belt cutter, and a leading end of the hammer is hit against a door glass to crush it, in order for the occupants to escape from the vehicle (See Patent Document 2). 
     Recently, an automotive vehicle, which employs a laminated glass as a door glass, is immerging for the purpose of improvement of quietness. This laminated glass comprises two single plate glasses and an interlayer made of synthetic resin, which is adhered therebetween, and, therefore, has thin and tough properties. 
     When the above-mentioned emergency escape devices are used in an emergency of the vehicle employing such a laminated glass, it gives rise to such a worry that the occupants can not escape from the vehicle because of the laminated glass which is very difficult to crush. 
     As one attempt to solve the above-mentioned problem, in a laminated glass for a vehicle in which an interlayer is interposed for connection between a pair of tempered glasses, an impacted area such as a conical or polygonal pyramidal metal or ceramics, which is capable of crushing at least one of them, is provided to at least one impact area, so that the area of the tempered glass, which is to be impacted, on the cabin side is hit with a hammer or the like, so that surface cracks reach the inside in order to allow the cracks to run across the entirety of the tempered glass for crushing. 
     The striking force by the hammer or the like is transmitted to the hitting area so that the interlayer is compressed in the thickness direction, the sharp area of the impact area is projected from an intermediate film to collide with the surface of the tempered glass, so that crush occurs to the surface of the tempered glass and is allowed to reach the inside of the glass, so that the carcks are allowed to run through the glass to break the inside tempered glass, thereby breaking the pair of tempered glasses simultaneously (See Patent Document 3). 
     However, the vehicle tempered glass has such inconveniences that an impacted member and an impact area are required to be formed on the interlayer, and those structures and manufactures are complicated, the laminated glass is readily crushed, and the strength of the glass is decreased. 
     PRIOR ART DOCUMENT 
     Patent Document 
     [JP Patent Document 1] Official Gazette of JP Patent No. 5148623 
     [JP Patent Document 2] Official Gazette of JP Patent No. 6811122 
     [JP Patent Document 3] Official Gazette of JP Laid-Open Publication No. 2020-172404 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Problem to be Solved by the Invention 
     In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, it is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide an emergency escape method for a vehicle and an emergency escape device therefor, capable of escaping from the vehicle reliably and safely when, for example, the vehicle employing a laminated glass is submerged while retaining the toughness of the glass, or when, for example, occupants of the vehicle are trapped within the vehicle because of a traffic accident, or the like by selecting various escape methods that can be taken in an emergency and realize a rational escape method. 
     Means to be Solved by the Invention 
     The present invention of claim  1  comprises piercing the laminated glass at a predetermined area; cutting or crashing thereof fusing or shaking thereof after performing one or more of those emergency operations, pushing outward the laminated glass by pressing the same at a position apart from the operating position, and forming an escaping space between the pushing position and an attaching part of the laminated glass, so that occupants can escape through the escaping space. The problem to be solved by this invention is that when, for example, the vehicle employing a laminated glass is submerged or when, for example, occupants of the vehicle are trapped within the vehicle because of a traffic accident, or the like, the occupants can escape from the vehicle reliably and safely by selecting one of various escape methods that can be taken in an emergency and realize a rational escape method. 
     In the invention of claim  2 , the piercing of the laminated glass is performed by making an impact chip collide with the laminated glass vigorously at multiple places thereof. The problem to be solved by this invention is that safe escaping of the occupants is realized by forming an escaping space. 
     In the invention of claim  3 , the cutting is performed by causing a knife to bite into the laminated glass at multiple places thereof so as to be moved by man power or physical power, or a saw chain is rotated by physical power to move thereof. The problem to be solved by this invention is that safe escaping of the occupants is realized by forming an escaping space rapidly. 
     In the invention of claim  4 , the crushing is achieved by repeatedly striking the laminated glass at multiple places thereof with a blunt instrument. The problem to be solved by this invention is that an escaping space can easily be formed by crushing the laminated glass with a simple tool or utensil in order to realize safe escaping of the occupants 
     In the invention of claim  5 , the bushing is achieved by irradiating a laser or maser beam, or electromagnetic wave to the laminated glass at multiple places thereof. The problem to be solved by this invention is that the laminated class is cut rapidly to quickly form an escaping space and realize safe escape of the occupants rapidly. 
     In the invention of claim  6 , the shaping is achieved by repeatedly applying pressurized fluid or elastic vibration, or irradiating ultrasonic waves to the laminated glass at a predetermined position thereof so that the laminated glass is repeatedly vibrated. The problem to be solved by this invention is that an escaping space is formed by statically dropping out and removing the laminated glass to form an escaping space, so that the occupants can escape smoothly. 
     In the invention of claim  7 , the emergency operating positions of the laminated glass can be selected depending on the physique of the occupants of the vehicle, the riding position, and the cabin conditions. The problem to be solved by this invention is that a lower position, intermediate position or upper position is selected depending the physique of the occupants of the vehicle, the ridding position, and the cabin conditions, so that the emergency operation can be performed in a comfortable posture, and when the strength of the operating position is lowered, the operating position, for example, a lower position, intermediate position or upper position is pressed outward to press the laminated glass outward, so that the escaping space can be formed easily. 
     In the invention of claim  8 , the emergency operating positions of the laminated glass are arranged as closely as possible, and the operation interval is removed with a tool or knife. The problem to be solved by this invention is that the strength of the operating position is lowered, so that the operating position can be formed rapidly. 
     In the invention of claim  9 , after installing the impact tip away from the laminated glass, the tip is moved vigorously and collided therewith. The problem to be solved by this invention is to realize reliable crushing. 
     In the invention of claim  10 , the laminated glass is arranged at a front seat door side where partial restriction therearound can be released. The problem to be solved by this invention is that the pushing-out of the laminated glass and forming of the escaping space can be performed rationally and reasonably after the emergency operation. 
     The present invention of claim  11  comprises a component part capable of piercing, cutting or crushing and fusing or shaping the laminated glass at a predetermined area; and after performing one or more of those emergency operations, the laminated glass is pushed outward by pressing the same at a position apart from the operating position, and an escaping space formed between the operating position and an attaching part of the laminated glass, so that occupants can escape through the escaping space. The problem to be solved by this invention is that in an emergency when, for example, the vehicle employing a laminated glass is submerged or when, for example, occupants of the vehicle are trapped within the vehicle because of a traffic accident, or the like, the occupants can escape from the vehicle reliably and safely. 
     In the invention of claim  12 , the emergency escape device is provided at the other end with a glass crusher, and the glass crusher is provided with an impact chip which is collided with the laminated glass vigorously at multiple places thereof such that the laminated glass can be pierced. The problem to be solved by this invention is that the laminated glass can be pressed outward easily an reliably, so that the escape space can be formed easily and the occupants can escape reliably. 
     In the invention of claim  13 , a knife is caused to bite into the laminated glass at multiple places and moved by man power or physical power or a saw chain is rotated and moved by physical power, so that the laminated glass can be cut. The problem to be solved by this invention is that the escape space can be formed rapidly and easy escape of the occupants can be realized easily. 
     In the invention of claim  14 , the laminated glass can be struck repeatedly at multiple places thereof by a blunt instrument. The problem to be solved by this invention is that the laminated glass is crushed using a simple tool or instrument so that the escape space can be formed easily and the occupants can escape easily. 
     In the invention of claim  15 , the laminated glass is irradiated at multiple places thereof with a laser or maser beam, or electromagnetic wave to achieve the fusing. The problem to be solved by this invention is that the laminated glass can be cut rapidly and the escape space can be formed rapidly so that the occupants can escape reliably. 
     In the invention of claim  16 , a pressurized fluid or elastic vibration can be repeatedly applied to a predetermined area of the laminated glass, or an ultrasonic wave is applied thereto so that the laminated glass is repeatedly vibrated so as to be shaped. The problem to be solved by this invention is that the laminated glass can be statically dropped and removed so that the glass can be pressed outward easily and an escape space is formed so that the occupants can escape therethrough. 
     The invention of claim  17 , further comprises an impact chip capable of colliding with the laminated glass, the impact chip being moved at a high speed by elasticity of a spring. The problem to be solved by this invention is that the laminated glass can be crushed reliably. 
     In the claim  18 , a square shank receiving therein a chip holder which is provided with a first spring and an impact tip, and a spring box receiving therein a second spring are slidably received inside the emergency escape device. The problem to be solved by this invention is that the impact chip is moved at a high speed by elasticity of the first and second springs so that the laminated glass can be crushed reliably. 
     In the claim  19 , the chip holder and spring box can move proximate to each other. The problem to be solved by this invention is that elasticity of the first and second springs received therein can be solved reasonably with a simple structure. 
     In the claim  20 , elasticity of the first and second springs can be accumulated when the chip holder and spring holder move proximate to each other. The problem to be solved by this invention is that a reasonable structure thereof is realized, so that the impact chip can be moved at a high speed. 
     In the claim  21 , the square shank is formed with a pin engaging groove having a generally L-shape, the spring box is formed with a pin switching groove having a generally parallelogram shape, these grooves are arranged so as to be partially overlapped, the guide pin is inserted into the overlapped part, and the guide pin is normally be arranged for engagement at a bent part of the pin engaging groove. The problem to be solved by this invention is that the square shank can be engaged with the spring box reasonably. 
     In the claim  22 , when the square shank and spring box move proximate to each other, the guide pin can move together therewith, and during constant movement of the square shank and spring box, the guide pin can move to the bent part of the pin engaging groove, so that the guide pin can move from the bent part of the pin engaging groove. The problem to be solved by this invention is that the chip holder can be moved at a high speed by accumulated elasticity of the first and second springs. 
     In the claim  23 , when the guide pin moves from the bent part of the pin engaging groove, the chip holder can be moved to a leading end of the square shank due to the accumulated elasticity of the first and second springs, so that the leading end of the chip holder can be projected from a leading end of the square shank. The problem to be solved by this invention is that the laminated glass can be crushed reliably. 
     In the claim  24 , a glass pressing plate at the leading end of the square shank is provided with an opening such that the opening can be closed normally through a protective sheet made of rubber. The problem to be solved by this invention is that small crushed pieces generated by crushing of the laminated glass is prevented from entering the opening to prevent internal malfunctions, so that the leading end of the chip holder is projected reliably and the laminated glass can be crushed reliably. 
     In the claim  25 , the square shank is provided at a rear end facing position thereof with an engaging projection, and a lever is engagably and rotatably arranged on the engaging projection, such that the square shank and spring box can move proximate to each other through the rotating operation of the lever. The problem to be solved by this invention is that the square shank and spring box can be moved easily by lever operation, so that the burden of the operation labor can be reduced. 
     In the claim  26 , the lever is spacedly formed at one end thereof with a pair of axis holes, such that the axis holes can be gradually engaged with two axis pins arranged at an intermediate part of the escape device body, and distances between the axis pins and the engaging projection are different from each other, so that the turning radius of the lever can be increased gradually. The problem to be solved by this invention is that the crushing operation by the lever is performed reliably, so that the upward movement of the guide pin is enhanced. 
     In the claim  27 , after projection of the impact chip, the lever is released from retention, the lever is then moved to an original position through elasticity of the first and second springs, and the impact tip can be returned to its original position, so that those can be reset. The problem to be solved by this invention is that the piercing operation can be performed repeatedly and rapidly. 
     In the claim  28 , the glass pressing plate is provided therearound with a lighting cylinder. The problem to be solved by this invention is that the crushing operation of the laminated glass can be performed at night reliably and easily. 
     In the claim  29 , the glass crusher is provided with a crushing bit which can be rotated by fluid power or motive power, the crushing bit is provided with a plurality of spiral blades, or the crushing bit is formed in a pyramidal shape, so that the laminated glass can be pierced or crushed. The problem to be solved by this invention is that the crushing power is increased and the crushing bit is formed in a pyramidal shape and the glass particles and powders are dispersed and eliminated, so that the laminated glass can be crushed smoothly and efficiently 
     In the claim  30 , the glass crusher is provided at a leading end thereof with a plurality of tapered surfaces, with a threaded shaft at a basal part of the leading end, and the threaded shaft can be tightened to a female screw which is provided to an end of the emergency escape device. The problem to be solved by this invention is that the piercing or crushing performance is, when compared with the cylindrical crushing pit, enhanced and the attachment thereof can be performed easily. 
     In the claim  31 , the leading end of the crushing bit can be collided with or strike the laminated glass, so that the laminated glass can be pierced, crushed or broken. The problem to be solved by this invention is that the laminated glass can be pierced, crushed or broken, so that the laminated glass can be pierced or crushed by man power and without driving fluid pressure or electric force. 
     In the claim  32 , the crushing bit is attached to one end of a fire extinguisher mounted on the vehicle, the fire extinguisher can be held with one hand and loaded with a dioxide gas cylinder, and a threaded shaft can be tightened to a female thread of a nut attached to a bottom of the gas cylinder. The problem to be solved by this invention is that the crushing bit can be attached easily. 
     In the claim  33 , the crushing bit is attached to one end of the cylindrical emergency escape device which is mounted on the vehicle and can be held with one hand, and the threaded shaft can be tightened to the female screw provided at one end of the emergency escape device. The problem to be solved by this invention is that the crushing bit can be attached easily. 
     Effect of the Invention 
     The present invention of claim  1  comprises piercing the laminated glass at a predetermined area; cutting or crashing thereof fusing or shaking thereof after performing one or more of those emergency operations, pushing outward the laminated glass by pressing the same at a position apart from the operating position, and forming an escaping space between the pushing position and an attaching part of the laminated glass, so that occupants can escape through the escaping space. Accordingly, when, for example, the vehicle employing a laminated glass is submerged or when, for example, occupants of the vehicle are trapped within the vehicle because of a traffic accident, or the like, the occupants can escape from the vehicle reliably and safely by selecting various escape methods that can be taken in an emergency and realize a rational escape method. 
     In the invention of claim  2 , the piercing of the laminated glass is performed by making an impact chip collide with the laminated glass vigorously at multiple places thereof. Accordingly, safe escaping of the occupants can be realized by forming an escaping space,. 
     In the invention of claim  3 , the cutting is performed by causing a knife to bite into the laminated glass at multiple places thereof so as to be moved by man power or physical power, or a saw chain is rotated by physical power to move thereof. Accordingly, safe escaping of the occupants can be realized by forming an escaping space rapidly. 
     In the invention of claim  4 , the crushing is achieved by repeatedly striking the laminated glass at multiple places thereof with a blunt instrument. Accordingly, an escaping space can easily be formed by crushing the laminated glass with a simple tool or utensil in order to realize safe escaping of the occupants. 
     In the invention of claim  5 , the bushing is achieved by irradiating a laser or maser beam, or electromagnetic wave to the laminated glass at multiple places thereof. Accordingly, the laminated class can be cut rapidly to quickly form an escaping space and realize safe escape of the occupants rapidly. 
     In the invention of claim  6 , the shaping is achieved by repeatedly applying pressurized fluid or elastic vibration, or irradiating ultrasonic waves to the laminated glass at a predetermined position thereof so that the laminated glass is repeatedly vibrated. Accordingly, an escaping space is formed by statically dropping out and removing the laminated glass to form an escaping space, so that the occupants can escape smoothly. 
     In the invention of claim  7 , the emergency operating positions of the laminated glass can be selected depending on the physique of the occupants of the vehicle, the riding position, and the cabin conditions. Accordingly, a lower position, intermediate position or upper position is selected depending the physique of the occupants of the vehicle, the ridding position, and the cabin conditions, so that the emergency operation can be performed in a comfortable posture, and when the strength of the operating position is lowered, the operating position, for example, a lower position, intermediate position or upper position is pressed outward to press the laminated glass outward, so that the escaping space can be formed easily. 
     In the invention of claim  8 , the emergency operating positions of the laminated glass are arranged as closely as possible, and the operation interval is removed with a tool or knife. Accordingly, the strength of the operating position is lowered, so that the operating position can be formed rapidly. 
     In the invention of claim  9 , after installing the impact tip away from the laminated glass, the tip is moved vigorously and collided therewith. Accordingly, reliable crushing can be realized. 
     In the invention of claim  10 , the laminated glass is arranged at a front seat door side where partial restriction therearound can be released. Accordingly, the pushing-out of the laminated glass and forming of the escaping space can be performed rationally and reasonably after the emergency operation. 
     The present invention of claim  11  comprises a component part capable of piercing, cutting or crushing and fusing or shaping the laminated glass at a predetermined area; and after performing one or more of those emergency operations, the laminated glass is pushed outward by pressing the same at a position apart from the operating position, and an escaping space formed between the operating position and an attaching part of the laminated glass, so that occupants can escape through the escaping space. Accordingly, in an emergency when, for example, the vehicle employing a laminated glass is submerged or when, for example, occupants of the vehicle are trapped within the vehicle because of a traffic accident, or the like, the occupants can escape from the vehicle reliably and safely. 
     In the invention of claim  12 , the emergency escape device is provided at the other end with a glass crusher, and the glass crusher is provided with an impact chip which is collided with the laminated glass vigorously at multiple places thereof such that the laminated glass can be pierced. Accordingly, the laminated glass can be pressed outward easily an reliably, so that the escape space can be formed easily and the occupants can escape reliably. 
     In the invention of claim  13 , a knife is caused to bite into the laminated glass at multiple places and moved by man power or physical power or a saw chain is rotated and moved by physical power, so that the laminated glass can be cut. Accordingly, the escape space can be formed rapidly and easy escape of the occupants can be realized easily. 
     In the invention of claim  14 , the laminated glass can be struck repeatedly at multiple places thereof by a blunt instrument. Accordingly, the laminated glass is crushed using a simple tool or instrument so that the escape space can be formed easily and the occupants can escape easily. 
     In the invention of claim  15 , the laminated glass is irradiated at multiple places thereof with a laser or maser beam, or electromagnetic wave to achieve the fusing. Accordingly, the laminated glass can be cut rapidly and the escape space can be formed rapidly so that the occupants can escape reliably. 
     In the invention of claim  16 , a pressurized fluid or elastic vibration can be repeatedly applied to a predetermined area of the laminated glass, or an ultrasonic wave is applied thereto so that the laminated glass is repeatedly vibrated so as to be shaped. Accordingly, the laminated glass can be statically dropped and removed so that the glass can be pressed outward easily and an escape space is formed so that the occupants can escape therethrough. 
     The invention of claim  17 , further comprises an impact chip capable of colliding with the laminated glass, the impact chip being moved at a high speed by elasticity of a spring. Accordingly, the laminated glass can be crushed reliably. 
     In the claim  18 , a square shank receiving therein a chip holder which is provided with a first spring and an impact tip, and a spring box receiving therein a second spring are slidably received inside the emergency escape device. Accordingly, the impact chip is moved at a high speed by elasticity of the first and second springs so that the laminated glass can be crushed reliably. 
     In the claim  19 , the chip holder and spring box can move proximate to each other. Accordingly, elasticity of the first and second springs received therein can be solved reasonably with a simple structure. 
     In the claim  20 , elasticity of the first and second springs can be accumulated when the chip holder and spring holder move proximate to each other. Accordingly, a reasonable structure thereof is realized, so that the impact chip can be moved at a high speed. 
     In the claim  21 , the square shank is formed with a pin engaging groove having a generally L-shape, the spring box is formed with a pin switching groove having a generally parallelogram shape, these grooves are arranged so as to be partially overlapped, the guide pin is inserted into the overlapped part, and the guide pin is normally be arranged for engagement at a bent part of the pin engaging groove. Accordingly, the square shank can be engaged with the spring box reasonably. 
     In the claim  22 , when the square shank and spring box move proximate to each other, the guide pin can move together therewith, and during constant movement of the square shank and spring box, the guide pin can move to the bent part of the pin engaging groove, so that the guide pin can move from the bent part of the pin engaging groove. Accordingly, the chip holder can be moved at a high speed by accumulated elasticity of the first and second springs. 
     In the claim  23 , when the guide pin moves from the bent part of the pin engaging groove, the chip holder can be moved to a leading end of the square shank due to the accumulated elasticity of the first and second springs, so that the leading end of the chip holder can be projected from a leading end of the square shank. Accordingly, the laminated glass can be crushed reliably. 
     In the claim  24 , a glass pressing plate at the leading end of the square shank is provided with an opening such that the opening can be closed normally through a protective sheet made of rubber. Accordingly, small crushed pieces generated by crushing of the laminated glass is prevented from entering the opening to prevent internal malfunctions, so that the leading end of the chip holder is projected reliably and the laminated glass can be crushed reliably. 
     In the claim  25 , the square shank is provided at a rear end facing position thereof with an engaging projection, and a lever is engagably and rotatably arranged on the engaging projection, such that the square shank and spring box can move proximate to each other through the rotating operation of the lever. Accordingly, the square shank and spring box can be moved easily by lever operation, so that the burden of the operation labor can be reduced. 
     In the claim  26 , the lever is spacedly formed at one end thereof with a pair of axis holes, such that the axis holes can be gradually engaged with two axis pins arranged at an intermediate part of the escape device body, and distances between the axis pins and the engaging projection are different from each other, so that the turning radius of the lever can be increased gradually. Accordingly, the crushing operation by the lever is performed reliably, so that the upward movement of the guide pin is enhanced. 
     In the claim  27 , after projection of the impact chip, the lever is released from retention, the lever is then moved to an original position through elasticity of the first and second springs, and the impact tip can be returned to its original position, so that those can be reset. Accordingly, the piercing operation can be performed repeatedly and rapidly. 
     In the claim  28 , the glass pressing plate is provided therearound with a lighting cylinder. Accordingly, the crushing operation of the laminated glass can be performed at night reliably and easily. 
     In the claim  29 , the glass crusher is provided with a crushing bit which can be rotated by fluid power or motive power, the crushing bit is provided with a plurality of spiral blades, or the crushing bit is formed in a pyramidal shape, so that the laminated glass can be pierced or crushed. Accordingly, the crushing power is increased and the crushing bit is formed in a pyramidal shape and the glass particles and powders are dispersed and eliminated, so that the laminated glass can be crushed smoothly and efficiently. 
     In the claim  30 , the glass crusher is provided at a leading end thereof with a plurality of tapered surfaces, with a threaded shaft at a basal part of the leading end, and the threaded shaft can be tightened to a female screw which is provided to an end of the emergency escape device. Accordingly, the piercing or crushing performance is, when compared with the cylindrical crushing pit, enhanced and the attachment thereof can be performed easily. 
     In the claim  31 , the leading end of the crushing bit can be collided with or strike the laminated glass, so that the laminated glass can be pierced, crushed or broken. Accordingly, the laminated glass can be pierced, crushed or broken, so that the laminated glass can be pierced or crushed by man power and without driving fluid pressure or electric force. 
     In the claim  32 , the crushing bit is attached to one end of a fire extinguisher mounted on the vehicle, the fire extinguisher can be held with one hand and loaded with a dioxide gas cylinder, and a threaded shaft can be tightened to a female thread of a nut attached to a bottom of the gas cylinder. Accordingly, the crushing bit can be attached easily. 
     In the claim  33 , the crushing bit is attached to one end of the cylindrical emergency escape device which is mounted on the vehicle and can be held with one hand, and the threaded shaft can be tightened to the female screw provided at one end of the emergency escape device. Accordingly, the crushing bit can be attached easily. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a front view showing a first embodiment of the present invention, in which a laminated glass, not yet crushed, is shown. 
         FIG. 2  is a front view showing a square shank of a glass crusher which is employed in the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 3  is a front view, showing an exploded state, of the square shank of the glass crusher and a spring box which is also employed in the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 4  is a left side view of  FIG. 3 . 
         FIG. 5  is a left side view of  FIG. 3 , in which an opening is rotated by  90 o. 
         FIG. 6  is a view showing an impact chip attached to a chip holder employed in the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 7  is a plan view showing an outer case employed in the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 8  is a front view showing a lever employed in the first embodiment, in which a positional relationship between an axis hole and an axis pin. 
         FIG. 9  is a sectional view showing a part of a shank part of the lever which is employed in the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 10  is a front view showing a part of a front seat door which employed a laminated glass according to the first embodiment. 
         FIGS. 11A-11E  showing a crashing state of the laminated glass by the glass crusher according to the first embodiment, in which  FIG. 11A  shows a glass pressing plate pressed against the inner surface of the laminated glass immediately before the laminated glass is crushed,  FIG. 11B  shows a status where, of the overall operating status of the glass crusher, the impact chip is collided with an inner tempered glass causing a situation where a crack occurs,  FIG. 11C  shows a status where, of the overall operating status of the glass crusher, the impact chip arrives at the interlayer,  FIG. 11D  shows a status where, of the overall operating status of the glass crusher, the impact chip arrives at the outer tempered glass causing the occurrence of a crack, and  FIG. 11E  shows a status where, of the overall operating status of the glass crusher, the impact chip penetrate through the outer tempered glass. 
         FIG. 12  shows a status in which after one area of the laminated glass is crushed, it is pushed and displaced outwardly so as to form an escape space. 
         FIG. 13  is a front view showing a second embodiment of the present invention, showing a status of the laminated glass not yet crushed. 
         FIG. 14  is a front view of a square shank, which is employed in the second embodiment. 
         FIG. 15  is a front view of a spring box, which is employed in the second embodiment. 
         FIG. 16  is a front view showing a status, in which an impact chip attached to a chip holder which is employed in the second embodiment. 
         FIG. 17  is a front view showing one end of an emergency escape device, which is employed in the second embodiment. 
         FIG. 18  is a sectional view showing a main part of a third embodiment of the present invention, showing a mounting status of a crushing pit provided with a spiral brake and a status where the crushing pit is not yet collided with the laminated glass and where a disk spring is extended. 
         FIG. 19  is a sectional view showing a crushing bit entering into the laminated glass according to the third embodiment. 
         FIG. 20  is a sectional view showing the crushing pit according to the present invention, in which the crushing bit is collided with the laminated glass and an inner disc spring is compressed. 
         FIG. 21  is an explanatory view showing a laminated glass crushed by a crushing bit having a pyramidal shape, in which glass particles and powder are dispersed and disposed according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 22  is a front view showing an emergency escape device in which a glass pressing plate is provided therearound with a lighting cylinder according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 23  is a front view showing a crushing device applied to a fire extinguisher according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, in which a crushing bit is attached to a bottom of an carbon dioxide gas cylinder mounted on the fire extinguisher. 
         FIG. 24  is a sectional view showing, in enlarged view, an important part of the sixth embodiment. 
         FIG. 25  is a perspective view showing, in enlarged scale, the crushing bit according to the sixth embodiment. 
         FIG. 26  is a front view of the crushing bit according to the six embodiment. 
         FIG. 27  is a plan view of  FIG. 26 . 
         FIG. 28  is a right view of  FIG. 26 . 
         FIG. 29  is a bottom view of  FIG. 26 . 
         FIG. 30  is a perspective view showing a crushing device according to an eighth embodiment. 
         FIG. 31  is a vertical sectional view of the crushing device, which is shown upside down, according to the seventh embodiment. 
         FIG. 32  is a sectional view showing, in enlarged scale, a crushing state status of a laminated glass in the crushing device according to the seventh embodiment, in which a protective cover is bent and a crushing bit is exposed. 
         FIG. 33  is a front view showing a crushing device which is applied to a fire extinguisher according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, in which a crushing bit is attached to a bottom of a carbon dioxide gas cylinder. 
         FIG. 34  is a sectional view showing, in enlarged scale, an important part according to the eighth embodiment. 
         FIG. 35  is a perspective view showing, in enlarged scale, a crushing bit according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 36  is a front view of the crushing bit according to the ninth embodiment. 
         FIG. 37  is a plan view of  FIG. 36 . 
         FIG. 38  is a right side view of  FIG. 36 . 
         FIG. 39  is a bottom view of  FIG. 36 . 
         FIG. 40  is a perspective view showing a crushing device of an emergency escape device according to the ninth embodiment, in which one end of the crushing device is attached with a crushing pit. 
         FIG. 41  is a vertical sectional view of  FIG. 40 , which is shown up side down. 
         FIG. 42  is a front view showing a crushing device which is applied to a fire extinguisher according to  10  embodiment of the present invention, in which a carbon dioxide gas cylinder mounted on the fire extinguisher is attached at a bottom thereof with a crushing pit. 
         FIG. 43  is a sectional view showing, in enlarged view, an important part of the tenth embodiment. 
         FIG. 44  is a perspective view of the crushing pit according to the tenth embodiment. 
         FIG. 45  is a front view of the crushing bit according to the tenth embodiment. 
         FIG. 46  is a plan view of  FIG. 45 . 
         FIG. 47  is a right view of  FIG. 45 . 
         FIG. 48  is a bottom view of  FIG. 45 . 
         FIG. 49  is a perspective view showing a crushing device, which is applied to an emergency escape device according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention, in which one end thereof is attached with a crushing bit. 
         FIG. 50  is a vertical sectional view of  FIG. 49 , which is shown upside down. 
     
    
    
     BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION 
     One embodiment of the present invention will now be described hereinafter with reference to a drawing, in which the present invention is applied to an emergency escape device which is disposed at an inner side of a front seat door of a vehicle equipped with a laminated glass. In  FIGS. 1 through 12 , reference numeral  1  denotes an emergency escape device which includes a cylindrical escape device body  2  having a length of about 17 cm and an outer diameter of about 4 cm. The body  2  is provided at one end thereof with a seat belt cutting device  3  and at the other end thereof with a glass crusher  4 . 
     The seat belt cutter  3  is formed in a generally cylindrical shape. The seat belt cutter  3  is attached to the escape device body  2  with its inside hollow part connected to a leading end of the body  2  by a pin. A seat belt introduction groove  5  is open to a basal end side of the seat belt cutter  3 . A guide surface of the seat belt introduction groove  5  is formed diagonally and a seat belt cutter  6  is arranged diagonally in its back, so that a seat belt B introduced can be cut. 
     The escape device body  2  is provided with a pair of outer cases  7 ,  7  having a generally U-shape in section. The outer cases  7 ,  7  are connected facing each other and a square shank  8  of the glass crusher  4  is received in a rectangular space inside thereof. 
     In other words, the outer case  7  is formed with a horizontal rectangular concave groove  9  at its inside and with a horizontal lever receiving groove  10  at is outside. 
     The square shank  8  is formed in the opposite position of the intermediate part with a generally L-shaped pin engaging groove  11 . The pin engaging groove  11  is formed at its peripheral surface and in the opposite position of the leading end of its other side surface with a rectangular opening window, and in the opposite position of the other end of the peripheral surface with a generally trapezoidal shape projecting therefrom. 
     A stepped shaft  14  is formed inside the square shank  8 , a first spring  15  is received in the leading end of the square shank  8 , and a terminal part thereof is arranged at the bent part of the pin engaging groove  11 . 
     A spring box  16  is slidably inserted in the rear end of the square hole  14 , a pin switching groove  17  is formed in the opposite position of the leading end of the peripheral surface of the box  16 , and the switching groove  17  is formed in a horizontal parallelogram, the inner side of which movably receives a guiding pin  18 . 
     A switching edge  17   a  of a rear end side of the pin switching grove  17  is formed in a gently obliged edge, so that the guiding pin  18 , which has moved thereto, moves upward, enabling to displace the guiding pin  18  upward. 
     The spring box  16  is formed therein with a stepped hole  19 , and a second spring  20 , which is stronger than the first spring  15 , is received in the stepped hole  19  so that the spring  20  can store elasticity caused by pressure due to retreating displacement of the square shank  8 . 
     The guiding pin  18  is inserted in the pin engaging groove  11  and pin switching groove  17  from the outside of the square shank  8 . The square shank  8  and spring box  16  are connected to each other through the guiding pin  18 , so that the spring box  16  is pushed into the square shank  8  for hooking. 
     A square chip holder  21  is movably inserted in the first spring  15 , and an impact chip  22  having a high hardness plate-shape is fixed, as an impact chip  22   a , to the tip of the holder  21  through a pin  23 . 
     The square shank  8  is provided at a leading end thereof with a glass pressing plate  24  having a thick rectangular plate-shape projecting therefrom, and the pressing plate  24  is formed at an end face thereof with an opening  25  having a vertically elongated rectangular shape, so that the impact chip  22  can appear therefrom. 
     An axis part  27  of the lever  26  is received in each lever receiving groove  10  of the outer case  7  such that the part  27  can move in the forward and backward direction, and two axis holes  28 ,  29  are spacedly formed on the axis part  27 . 
     The lever  26  is formed in a generally inverted L-shape by pressing a thick steel plate, and the axis part  27  is formed on an upper end thereof in a downwardly bent shape at an acute angle. 
     The lever receiving groove  10  is provided with two axis pins  30 ,  31  spacedly arranged therein. The axis holes  28 ,  29  are arranged on the axis pins  30 ,  31  such that the axis holes  28 ,  29  are gradually engaged therewith. 
     A tapered engaging part  32  is formed on an upper part of the lever  26  such that the part  32  can engage a plate-shaped engagement protrusion projecting from a rear end of the square shank  8 . Normally, the axis pin  30  is urged in such a manner as to be engageable with the axis hole  28  by displacement of the square shank  8  which is urged forward by the second spring  20 . 
     The lever  26  is provided with a shank  33  extending diagonally downward from the engaging part  32 , and a plate-shaped shank holder  34  is pinned between the shanks  33 ,  33 . 
     The front seat door  35  is partitioned by sashes  36  through  38  and a belt line frame  39 , for example, as shown in  FIG. 10 , and a laminated glass  40  moves upward and downward therebetween by a lifting device  42  equipped with a motor  41  from a storage section (not shown) directly below. 
     Thus, the laminated glass  40  is not closely fixed therearound. 
     The laminated plate  40  is provided with tempered glass plate  43 ,  44  made of inorganic glass plate placed indoors and outdoors and thermoplastic interlayer film  45  arranged therebetween. 
     In this embodiment, the thickness of the tempered glass plate  43 ,  44  is 0.5 mm or more but 2.5 mm or less. If possible, the tempered glass plate  44  placed indoors is preferably thinner than the tempered glass plate placed outdoors from the standpoint of vehicle safety and weight reduction. The thickness of the interlayer film  45  used in this embodiment is 0.5 mm or more but 3 mm or less. 
     If possible, it is preferable that the thickness of the interlayer film is 0.3 mm or more but 11.5 mm or less in order to reduce the weight and achieve easy handling. 
     In Figs., reference numeral  46  denotes a plurality of perforation marks or penetration marks formed, by the emergency escape device  1 , on a lower part of the laminated glass  40  along a belt line frame  39 , and  47  denotes a thin protective sheet made of a rubber plate and adapted to prevent small crushed pieces, that are generated, when the laminated glass  40  is crushed, from entering into the opening  25  of the glass pressing plate  24  in order to prevent internal malfunctions. 
     Reference numeral  48  denotes a passenger escaping space formed by pressing out the laminated glass  40  after the glass  40  has been crushed to a predetermined extent. 
     The emergency escape device for a vehicle thus constructed according to the present invention includes a seat belt cutting device  3  arranged at one end of the escape device body  2 , and the glass crusher  4  arranged at the other end and requires manufacturing those component parts. 
     Of them, the seat belt cutter  3  is made of synthetic resin in a generally cylindrical shape, and a hollow part inside is attached to a leading end of the escape device body  2  for pin connection. 
     The seat belt cutting device  3  according to this embodiment is formed such that it can be split in half along the axial direction around the seat belt introducing groove  5  and those split parts are jointed to form a pin connection for easy production. 
     A seat belt introduction groove  5  is open to a basal end side of the seat belt cutting device  3 . A guide surface of the introduction groove  5  is formed diagonally, and the seat belt cutter  6  is formed diagonally in the inner part thereof, so that the introduced seat belt B can be cut. 
     The emergency escaping device body  2  includes a square shaft glass crusher  4  made of synthetic resin, a spring box  16  slidably inserted in a rear end of the crusher  4 , a set of outer cases  7 ,  7  which can be attached to an outer side of the crusher  4 , and a set of levers  26  which can be attached to the outer cases  7 ,  7 . 
     Of them, the glass crusher  4  is provided with a thick rectangular plate-shaped glass pressing plate  24  projecting from a leading end thereof, a rectangular opening  25  formed on an end surface thereof, and a square hole  14  formed inside the square shank  8 , so that a first spring  15  and a chip holder  21  can be received in the square hole  14 . 
     The chip holder  21  comprises a steel material formed on a square axis, a high hardness plate-shaped impact chip  22  tacked on a leading end thereof and the guiding pin  18  inserted in a pin hole P formed in a rear end thereof, and the chip holder  21  and spring box  16  connected to each other. 
     The square shank  8  is provided in the opposite position of the middle part thereof with the generally L-shaped pin engaging groove  11  communicating with the square hole  14 , and on the rear end thereof with a trapezoidal plate-shaped protrusion  34  protruding therefrom. 
     The spring box  16  is resin-molded into a square tube, a pin switching groove  17  is formed on a reading end thereof, the pin switching groove  17  is formed in a horizontally elongated parallelogram, and the guide pin  18  is movably received in an inner side thereof. 
     The pin switching edge  17   a  arranged on a rear side of the pin switching groove  17  is a gently slanted edge, so that the guide pin  18  can ride on the switching edge  17   a  immediately before the start of breaking of the laminated glass  40  and move the guide pin  18  upward so as to escape from the bent part to join in the engaging groove  11 , so that the guide pin  18  can move along the linear engaging groove  11 . 
     A second spring  20  is received in the spring box  16 , and the guide pin  18  is inserted into the pin switching groove  17  in the leading end of the guide pin  18  from outside of the square shank  8  so that the spring box  16  and square shank  8  are connected to each other. 
     Because of the above-mentioned arrangement, elasticity stored in the second spring  20  is transmitted to the chip holder  21  at a breath, so that the impact chip  22  on the leading end is protruded from the opening  25 . 
     A stepped square hole  14  is formed within the outer case  7 . The square shank  8  and a part of the spring box  16  are received in the square hole  14 , and the lever receiving groove  10  is formed by penetrating the groove on the outside thereof. The two axis pins  30 ,  31  are spacedly arranged in the lever receiving groove  10 . 
     The lever  26  is formed in a generally L-shape by pressing a thick steel plate and the axis part  27  is formed on an upper end thereof by bending it downward at an acute angle. 
     The tapered engaging part  32  is formed on an upper part of the lever  26  so as to be engaged with the engaging protrusion  34  protruding from the rear end of the shank holder  8 . 
     The levers  26 ,  26  thus obtained are inserted in the lever receiving grooves  10 ,  10 , and the axis holes  28 ,  28  are engaged with the axis pins  30 ,  30 . Also, the engaging parts  32 ,  32  are engaged with the engaging protrusions  34 ,  34  arranged on both sides of the square shank  8 , the shanks  33 ,  33  are projected downward, and the plate-shaped shank holder  34  is screwed between the shanks  33 ,  33 . 
     In the emergency escape device for a vehicle thus obtained, as shown in  FIG. 1 , the seat belt cutting device  3  is arranged on one end of the glass crusher  4 , the glass crusher  4  is arranged on the other end thereof, and the shank  33  is projected diagonally downward from the outer case  7 . 
     In this case, the pin engaging groove  11  in the middle of the square shank  8  and the position of the pin switching groove  17  of the spring box  16  are partially overlapped, the guide pin  18  is inserted in the bent part of the overlapped pin engaging groove  11  so that the square shank  8  and spring box  16  are pin connected. 
     At that time, the spring box  16  is slightly moved toward the square shank  8  to tighten the first spring  15  such that its elasticity is acted on the levers  26 ,  26  through the engaging protrusions  34 ,  34  and the levers  2 ,  26  are turned counterclockwise about the engaging protrusions  34 ,  34 , so that the axis hole  28  is pressed on the axis pin  30 . This status is as shown in  FIG. 1 . 
     When the emergency escape device for a vehicle thus constructed is used, the lever  26  is grasped so as to be turned counterclockwise about the engaging protrusion  34 . 
     When doing so, the square shank  8  moves toward the seat belt cutting device  3  while pushing the first spring  15 , and the guide pin  18  moves therewith toward the rear side of the pin switching groove  17 . 
     Also, as the square shank  8  moves, the second spring  20  within the spring box  16  is pushed so that elasticity of the first and second springs  15 ,  20  accumulates. 
     Thereafter, when the lever  26  is further turned in the same direction, the axis part  27  of the lever  26  is moved upward, the axis hole  28  is retreated and disengaged from the axis pin  30  and the axis hole  29  is engaged with the axis pin  31  instead. 
     As a result, the turning radius of the lever  26  about the engaging protrusion  34  is increased so that the operating force of the lever is reduced and becomes easier, and the guide pin  18  is moved to the basal part of the switching edge  17   a  and starts climbing the edge  17   a.    
     In this way, when the guide pin  18  gradually moves upward along the switching edge  17   a , and the bending part of the guide pin  18  is pulled out from there and moves to the straight part, the restraining action of elasticity is released, and the resultant force of those elasticity is acted on the chip holder  21  through the guide pin  18 . 
     For this reason, the chip holder  21  moves toward the leading end side within the square shank  8 , the impact chip  22  breaks through the protective sheet  47  and protrudes from the opening  25 , so that the tempered glass  44  inside the laminated glass  40  can be crushed. 
     The emergency escape device  1  thus assembled is simple in structure of each component member and most of the component members are molded with synthetic resin. Therefore, it is lightweight, easy and cheap to manufacture, and the burden of labor is reduced. Moreover, since it is light weighted, the emergency escape device  1  can be stored in a proper position near the front seat in the vehicle. 
     When the laminated glass  40  equipped in the vicinity of the front seat of the vehicle is crushed using the emergency escape device  1 , firstly, the emergency escape device  1  is held to operate the seat belt cutting device  3  so that the seat belt B is inserted in the seat belt introducing groove  4  to cut the side face of the seat belt B to release the physical restrain by the seat belt B. 
     Secondly, the glass pressing plate  24  equipped on the leading end of the square shank  8  of the glass crusher  4  is pressed against the tempered glass  44  on the inner lower part of the laminated glass  40  to hold. In doing so, the glass pressing plate  24  can be kept in the plate  24  easily at a predetermined position thereof. 
     Since the emergency escape device  1  is not yet operated, the impact chip  22  is still held in a stationary state and the leading end  22   a  is positioned spaced apart from the surface of the tempered glass  44 . This status is as shown in  FIG. 11A . 
     In this case, the actual operating position with respect to the laminated glass can be selected properly depending on the physique of the occupants, the riding position and the cabin conditions. 
     For example, the actual operating position with respect to the laminated glass is selected at a lower position, an intermediate position or an upper position of the laminated glass depending on the physique of the occupants, the riding position and the cabin conditions. Also, by properly taking into consideration such conditions as, for example, the vertically or horizontally inclined condition of the cabin or the scattering conditions of the on-board equipment, the operation can be carried out in a comfortable posture. 
     Then, when the operation is carried out and the strength of the operating position of the laminated glass is decreased, its separation position, for example, the upper position, lower position or intermediate position of the operating position is pushed outwardly to push out the laminated glass outwardly so that an escaping space  48  can be reasonably formed. 
     When the emergency escape device  1  is operated during such an emergency operation, the impact chip  22  breaks through the protective sheet  47  and protrudes from the opening  25  so as to be collided with the laminated glass  44 . 
     As a result, crack is formed in the laminated glass  44  and propagated to the area therearound so that the laminated glass  44  is broken. This status is as shown in  FIG. 11B . 
     In this case, since the section of the impact chip  22  is vertically rectangular and compact, the impact force and frictional force on the laminated glass  44  are small, and the elasticity of the first and second springs  15 ,  20  required for this can be reduced. 
     At that time, small crushed pieces generated, when the laminated glass  40  is crushed, are prevented from entering into the square shank  8  by the protective sheet  47 , so that biting into the impact chip  22  and chip holder  21  is prevented and smooth operation is maintained. 
     Thereafter, when the impact chip  22  moves further inwardly of the laminated glass  40  and arrives at the interlayer film  45 , the comparatively flexible interlayer film  45  is immediately crushed. This status is as shown in  FIG. 11C . 
     After breakage of the interlayer film  45 , the impact chip  22  is moved to the outer tempered glass  43 , and entered into the glass  43  to form cracks so as to propagate the same to the surroundings and crack the laminated glass  43 . 
     This status is as shown in  FIG. 11D . 
     Thus, when the impact chip  22  is drilled through the glass  40 , the piercing mark  46  having a generally same shape as the section of the impact chip  22  is pierced and formed in the laminated glass  40 . This status is as shown in  FIG. 11E . 
     Thus, after piercing one place of the laminated glass  40 , the holding of the lever  26  is released. 
     By doing so, the lever  26  is returned to the original position by elasticity of the first and second springs  15 ,  20 , the chip holder  21  is pulled back into the square shank  8 ., and the impact chip  22  is returned to the original position within the square shank  8  so as to be reset into the status of  FIG. 1 . 
     Thereafter, the pressing plate  24  of the emergency escape device  1  is moved to another position proximate to the piercing mark  46  to carry out the same piercing operation as mentioned before to form another piercing mark  46 . Thereafter, this operation is repeatedly carried out to form a crushing area sufficient for forming an escaping space  48  as later described. 
     When the crushing area of the laminated glass  40  is increased, the strength of the crushing part is gradually decreased. 
     Then, when the position of the laminated glass  40  spaced apart from this crushing part is pressed outward from the cabin, the position is easily bent outward by elasticity of the remaining interlayer film  45  caused by this operation. 
     Thus, the escaping space  48  through which the passengers can escape is formed between this push and bend position and a partition space of the sashes  36  through  38  which are the attaching part of the laminated glass, so that the passengers can escape therethrough. 
     In this case, since the actual operating position on the laminated glass is selected depending on the physique of the occupants, the riding position and the cabin conditions, operation is performed with a reasonable posture, the strength of the operating position of the laminated glass is decreased, the laminated glass is dropped out of the surrounding attaching part by the impact of the emergency operation, and when the restrain is eased, the separation position, for example, an upper position, a lower position or an interlayer of the operating position is pressed outward to push out the laminated glass to form the escaping space. 
     In this case, the emergency operation is performed by carrying out multiple tasks in a complex and continuous manner, so that the strength of the operating position is decreased. 
     According to the emergency escape device  1  of the first embodiment as described above, despite of its small size, light weight and small structure, a strong piercing force or crushing force can be obtained on the impact chip  22  to break the laminated glass  40  by elasticity of the first and second springs  15 ,  20 . Moreover, the breaking operation can be performed easily and rapidly with a simple triggering operation by the lever  23 . 
     Also, according to the above-mentioned emergency escape method, the above-mentioned emergency operation is performed with respect to the front seat door  35  whose surroundings are not yet completely fixed. After the predetermined crushing, the front seat door  35  is pressed from the cabin side so as to be bent outward, so that the escaping space  48  for the occupants is formed. Therefore, smooth escape can be realized reasonably by making good use of the structures of the front seat door  35  and laminated glass  40 . 
       FIGS. 13 through 50  show other embodiments of the present invention, in which like component parts of the first embodiment are denoted by like reference numerals. Of them,  FIGS. 13 through 17  show the second embodiment of the present invention, in which the seat belt cutting device  3  and glass crusher  4  are arranged on both ends of the square shank  8 , and the first and second springs  15 ,  20  are received in the shank  8 . 
     The structure and operation of this embodiment are substantially the same as the above-mentioned embodiment. The spring box  16  is connected to the square shank  8  through the guide pin  18 , the spring box  16  is pushed into shank  8  so as to tighten the internal second spring  20 . Also, the first spring  15  is tightened so that elasticity can be accumulated. 
     The guide pin  18  is inserted into the pin engaging groove  11  and pin switching groove  17  such that the guide pin  18  is normally positioned at the bent part, and then moved together with the movement of the spring box  16  so as to move on the switching edge  17   a  so that it can move the linear groove from the bent part. 
     At that time, the elastic resultant force of the first and second springs  15 ,  20  are acted on the guide pin  18  and then acted on the chip holder  21  so that the chip holder  21  is protruded and the impact chip  22  can be protruded from the opening  25 . 
     In this embodiment, the lever  26  is formed in a generally L-shape, one end of which is rotatably connected to the square shank  8 , and the basal end  26   a  of the lever  26  is arranged in such a manner as to be engageable with the end part of the spring box  16 . Accordingly, the chip holder  21  is constituted simple in structure so that it can be manufactured reasonably at a low cost and mass production is achievable. 
       FIGS. 18 through 20  show the third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, as the crusher of the laminated glass  40 , instead of causing the impact chip  22  to collide with the laminated glass  40 , a high hardness crushing bit  51  is rotatably provided to the cylinder  52  as the crusher  22 , so that the laminated glass  40  can be crushed or pierced. 
     The crushing bit  51  has a plurality of spiral blades  51   a  on the cylindrical surface to enhance the crushing power, the cylinder  52  is attached at one end thereof with a cap  53 , a Belleville spring  55  is arranged between a flange  54  at a basal part of the crushing bit  51  and the cap  53  so that it can be expanded and contracted, and by expanding and contracting due to the elasticity of the Belleville spring  55 , a swinging rotary motion is rendered to the crushing bit  51  when it is driven into the laminated glass  40 , so that the outer surface of the laminated glass  40  can be crushed or pierced. 
     In this case, it is possible to link motors that can be driven by a vehicle power supplies to the crushing bit  51  in order to operate swinging rotary motion of the bit  51  for a long time. 
     It is also possible to arrange a gas cylinder (not shown) loaded with carbon dioxide of about 4 MPa behind the flange  54 , so that the carbon dioxide can be jetted to the spiral blade  51   a  by breaking a seal plate (not shown) in a predetermined period so as to increase the crushing capability. 
       FIG. 21  shows the fourth embodiment of the present invention. According to this embodiment, the crushing bit  51 , that is the impact tip  22 , is formed in a pyramidal shape, so that glass particles and powder are dispersed and eliminated so as to carry out the crashing of the laminated glass  40  smoothly and efficiently 
       FIG. 22  shows the fifth embodiment of the present invention. According to this invention, a lighting cylinder  57  is attached to the outside of the glass pressing plate  24  in order to illuminate the area around the plate  24  to enable safe and reliable breaking operation at night. 
     The lightening cylinder  57  includes a plurality of LED lamps which can be blinked with built-in DC lamps (batteries) so that they can be turned on or off by switch (not shown). 
     The lightening cylinder  57  is substantially the same as the JP Patent No. 5757939 that is already proposed by the present applicant. 
     For other laminated glass clashing, in addition to the above-mentioned colliding method using an impacting tool or crashing using a rotating tool, it is possible to employ, for example, radiation of fluid such as high pressure air or high pressure water, ultrasonic irradiation, vibration breaking by vibration method due to repetitive elastic vibration, fusing method by irradiation with laser or maser beam or electromagnetic wave, a method of cutting a sharp can opener-shaped manual crusher by pushing it along the sash  36 ,  38 , a method of crushing the laminated glass by continuously impacting therearound with a small power device such as an air hammer, or a method of continuously cutting around the laminated glass using a rotating power device such as a chainsaw. 
       FIGS. 23 through 29  show the sixth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment shows a novel crushing device  58  suitable for crushing the laminated glass  40 . The crushing device  58  is applied to fire extinguishing equipment installed in a vehicle. The fire extinguishing equipment is loaded with a small and lightweight carbon dioxide gas cylinder  59  (about 4 MPa) as a fire extinguishing gas, and a needle tube (not shown) that can break the seal plate (not shown) of the gas cylinder  59  is arranged within the crusher  60  loaded with the gas cylinder  59 . The outline of the fire extinguisher is disclosed by the JP Patent No. 5148623 that is already proposed by the present applicant. 
     The crusher  60  is diagonally formed with the seat belt introducing groove  61  which is open downward such that the seat belt  63  inserted in the seat belt introducing groove  61  can be cut. 
     In Figs.,  64  denotes a crush picking arranged at an upper end of the crusher  60 . The crush picking  64  is pulled sideward to pull off a safety plate  65  connected to the picking  64 , the breaking knob  66  is allowed to be pushed down through an empty space, and a diagonal tube (not shown) at a lower end of a diagonal tube (not shown) connected to a breaking knob  66  is pierced into the seal plate so that the seal plate can be broken. 
     As a result, the carbon dioxide gas filled in the cylinder can be injected. This carbon dioxide gas is injected from a nozzle (not shown) so as to be able to splay to the fire source. 
     In the Figs.,  67  denotes a grip of a concave curved surface on a lower part of the crusher  60 . 
     A mounting nut  68  is welded to the bottom surface of the gas cylinder  59 . and a glass crushing bit  70  is attached to a female screw  69  of the nut  68  as the impact chip  22 . 
     The crushing bit  70  is formed in a generally iron shape by its alloy tool steel (SKD11) which has excellent wear resistance, and a leading end  70   a  is hardened so as to be highly hard. 
     In the leading end  70   a , small roof-shaped bits  71  are placed back to back, the joint edge is divided by a deep ridge  72 , and a short ridge  74  is derived from the top  73 . Further, the ridge  75 ,  75  is branched in two directions from the lower end of the ridge  74 , and the ridge  76 ,  76  is further branched in two directions from the lower end of the ridge  76 ,  76 . 
     Then, a steep tapered surface  77  is formed between the ridges  72 ,  74 ,  75 ,  76  such that one side of the ridges  75 ,  76  is cut off vertically to form a vertical plane. 
     The leading edge  70   a  is formed at a lower part thereof with a threaded shaft  78  so that the threaded shaft can be tightened to a female thread  69 . 
     Since the bit  70  has the tip  70   a  formed into a polyhedron by a plurality of tapered surfaces, when compared to the conventional conical or pyramidal tip, impact force is applied to the vehicle glass in various directions to promote crushing or drilling. Therefore, the laminated glass can be crushed efficiently and rapidly. 
     Therefore, the crushing device  58  with the bit  70  can crush the laminated glass  40  rapidly, so that the occupants will be able to rapidly escape from the passenger component. 
     Moreover, since the bit  70  can be mounted easily by screwing the threaded shaft  78  into the female screw  69 , unlike the conventional method, an annular groove is formed on the peripheral surface of the mounting shaft, and a complicated operation of fitting a retaining ring into the groove is not required. 
       FIGS. 30 through 32  show the seventh embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment shows a novel crushing device  79  suitable for crushing the laminated glass  40 . This crushing device  79  is applied to an emergency escape device loaded on a vehicle. The escape device is received inside a door pocket (not shown) in a standing position. The outline of the emergency escape device is disclosed in JP Patent No. 6811122 already proposed by the present applicant. 
     The emergency escape device is formed in a generally cylindrical shape, one end of which is diagonally formed with a seat belt introducing groove  61  and has an opening. A seat belt cutter  62  is placed in the back of this groove  61  so that a seat belt (not shown) inserted into the groove  61  can be cut. 
     The other end of the emergency escape device is attached with the crushing bit  70  which becomes an essential part of the crushing device  79 . The crushing bit  70  is attached to a female screw  82  formed on a bolt head  81 , which is integral with a supporting rod  80  arranged within the cylindrical body of the emergency escape device, with a threaded shaft  78  tightened thereto. 
     In Figs.,  83  denotes a cylindrical guide located on the outside of the supporting rod  80 . Spacers  84 ,  85  are arranged at an upper end and lower end of the guide  83 . A nut  86 , which is screwed to a screw shaft of the supporting rod  80 , is arranged on the spacer  84 . 
     A spiral weight  97  having a coil spring shape is arranged at an inner side of the cylindrical guide  8 , and its weight enhances the inertial force during use of the emergency escape device and enhances the impact force of the bit  70 . 
     A hollow cylindrical bit holder  87  is arranged on the outside of a bolt head  81 , and a cylindrical rubber protective cover  88  is arranged between the bit holder  87  and the bolt head  81 . The leading edge of the protective cover  88  is protruded to the outside of the cylindrical body, and normally surrounds the bit  70  to avoid contact with fingers. 
     Also, when the laminated glass  40  is crushed by the crushing bit  70 , a leading edge  88   a  of the protective cover  88  is pushed and bent to expose the tip of the bit  70  so that it can be abutted with the plate surface of the laminated glass  40 , as shown in  FIG. 32 . 
     In Figs.,  89  denotes a protrusion axially formed on the peripheral surface of the cylindrical body along the seat belt inserting groove  61 , and  90  denotes a annular groove formed on a intermediate peripheral surface of the cylindrical body and attached to an  0 -ring  91 , thus making it easier to hold the cylindrical body of the emergency escape device. 
     Since the crushing device  79  is provided at the leading end thereof with the crushing bit  70 , impact force is applied to the vehicle glass in various directions to enhance breakage and piercing, and the laminated glass  40  can be crushed efficiently and rapidly when compared with the conventional crushing device having a conical or pyramidal leading end. 
     Therefore, the crushing device  79  having the crushing bit  70  can crush the laminated glass  40  rapidly so as to allow the escape from the cabin rapidly. 
       FIGS. 33 through 39  show the eighth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment shows a novel crushing device  92  suitable for crushing the laminated glass. The crushing device  92  is applied to a fire extinguisher loaded on a vehicle. Since the fire extinguisher is substantially the same as that of the eighth embodiment, like reference numerals are given to common components, and the description thereof is omitted. 
     In this embodiment, a mounting nut  68  is welded to a bottom surface of the gas cylinder  59 , and a crushing bit  93 , as the impact chip  22 , is attached to the female screw  69  of the nut  68 . 
     The crushing bit  93  is formed in a generally half Yagen by excellent alloy tool steel (SKD11) excellent in wear resistance. 
     In other words, the leading end  93   a  is slightly longer than the semi-circular front shape, both sides of its circumference are formed into an acute-angled tapered surface  94 , and a flat surface  95  is formed on the outer side of the tapered surface  94  in order to obtain thin thickness and light weight. 
     The leading end  93   a  is formed at a lower part thereof with a threaded shaft  78 , so that the shaft  78  can be screwed into the female screw  69  tightly. 
     In the crushing bit  93 , since the both sides of the leading end  93   a  thereof is formed with an acute tapered surface, and a peripheral edge thereof is formed in a generally arcuate shape, when compared with the conventional conical or pyramidal leading end, a strong impact force can be acted on the vehicle glass over a wide area so as to enhance crushing and piercing, so that the laminated glass  40  can be crushed efficiently and rapidly. 
     Therefore, the crusher  92  equipped with the crushing bit  93  can crush the laminated class  40  and can make it possible for the passengers to escape from the cabin rapidly. 
       FIGS. 40 and 41  show the eighth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment shows a novel crushing device  96  suitable to crush the laminated glass  40 . 
     The crushing device  96  applies to an emergency escape device loaded on a vehicle, and the escape device is received inside the door pocket (not shown) of the vehicle in a standing posture. Since the outline of the emergency escape device is generally the same as that of the eighth embodiment, like reference numerals are given to common components, and the description thereof is omitted. 
     The crushing bit  93  of this embodiment is the same as that of the eighth embodiment. Since the both sides of the leading end  93   a  thereof is formed with an acute tapered surface, and a peripheral edge thereof is formed in a generally arcuate shape, when compared with the conventional conical or pyramidal leading end, a strong impact force can be acted on the vehicle glass over a wide area so as to enhance crushing and piercing, so that the laminated glass  40  can be crushed efficiently and rapidly. 
     Therefore, the crusher  92  equipped with the crushing bit  93  can crush the laminated class  40  and can make it possible for the passengers to escape from the cabin rapidly. 
       FIGS. 42 and 48  show the tenth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment shows a novel crushing device  98  suitable to crush the laminated glass  40 . The crushing device  98  is applied to a fire extinguisher loaded on a vehicle. Since the fire extinguisher is substantially the same as that of the eighth embodiment, like reference numerals are given to common components, and the description thereof is omitted. 
     In this embodiment, a mounting nut  68  is welded to the bottom surface of the gas cylinder  59 , and a male screw  78  of the crushing bit  99  is fastened to a female screw  69  of the nut  68  as the impact chip  22 . 
     The crushing bit  99  is formed in a generally house shape by its alloy tool steel (SKD11) which has excellent wear resistance, and the leading end  70   a  is hardened so as to be highly hard. 
     A leading end  99   a  is formed by intersecting the tapered surfaces  100 ,  100  with the roof shape at the tip of the cross section of the generally house shape, and the vertical surface of the horizontally long rectangle and the vertical surface  101  of the house shape are arranged opposite to each other by cutting off all four sides vertically. 
     A threaded shaft  78  is formed at the lower part of the leading end  99   a , so that the threaded shaft  78  can be tightened to the female screw  69 . 
     In the crushing bit  99 , the tip of the leading end  99   a  is formed on a plurality of tapered surfaces  99  with the acute angles and a vertical surface  102 , and the periphery thereof is vertically cut off to form a horizontally long rectangular vertical surface  101  and a house-shaped vertical surface  102 . Accordingly, when compared with the conventional conical or pyramidal leading end, a strong impact force acts strongly on the vehicle glass to promote crushing and piercing, so that the laminated glass can be crushed efficiently and rapidly. 
     Therefore, the crushing device  98  with the bit  99  can crush the laminated glass  40  rapidly, so that the occupants will be able to quickly escape from the passenger component. 
       FIGS. 49 and 50  show the eleventh embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment shows a crusher  103  suitable for crushing the laminated glass  40 . 
     A crushing device  103  applies to an emergency escape device loaded on a vehicle, and the escape device is received inside the door pocket (not shown) of the vehicle in a standing posture. Since the emergency escape device of this embodiment is generally the same as that of the seventh embodiment, like reference numerals are given to common components, and the description thereof is omitted. 
     A crushing bit  99  of this embodiment is the same as that of the tenth embodiment. Since the both sides of the leading end  99   a  thereof is formed with an acute tapered surface  100 , and the periphery thereof is vertically cut off to form a horizontally long rectangular vertical surface  101  and a house-shaped vertical surface  102 . Accordingly, when compared with the conventional conical or pyramidal leading end, a strong impact force acts strongly on the vehicle glass to promote crushing and piercing, so that the laminated glass can be crushed efficiently and rapidly. 
     Therefore, the crushing device  103  with the bit  99  can crush the laminated glass  40  rapidly, so that the occupants will be able to quickly escape from the passenger component. 
     INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY 
     As described hereinbefore, an emergency escape method for a vehicle and an emergency escape device therefor, are capable of escaping from the vehicle reliably and safely when, for example, the vehicle employing a laminated glass is submerged or when, for example, occupants of the vehicle are trapped within the vehicle because of a traffic accident, or the like by selecting various escape methods that can be taken in an emergency and realize a rational escape method. 
     DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 
     
         
           3  . . . seat belt cutting device 
           4  . . . glass crusher 
           8  . . . square shank 
           11  . . . pin engaging groove 
           15  . . . first spring 
           16  . . . spring box 
           17  . . . pin switching groove 
           17   a  . . . switching edge 
           18  . . . guiding pin 
           20  . . . second spring 
           21  . . . chip holder 
           22  . . . impact chip 
           24  . . . glass pressing plate 
           25  . . . opening 
           26  . . . lever 
           28 ,  29  . . . axis hole 
           30 ,  31  . . . axis pin 
           40  . . . laminated glass 
           47  . . . protective sheet 
           48  . . . escaping space 
           51 ,  93  . . . crushing bit 
           51   a  . . . spiral blade 
           57  . . . lighting cylinder 
           62  . . . seat belt cutting device 
           58 ,  70 ,  72 ,  79 ,  96  . . . crushing device 
           68  . . . mounting nut 
           69  . . . female thread 
           70  . . . glass crusher 
           20   a  . . . leading end 
           77  . . . tapered surface 
           78  . . . threaded shaft