Patent Publication Number: US-6338493-B1

Title: Walker chair

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates to walkers and wheelchairs in general, and more particularly, to an apparatus that is capable of being converted from a walker to a wheelchair. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Supports for the handicapped and physically disabled are usually provided with varying levels of functionality. The conventional walker, for example, provides a user a with a stationary support and a means for maneuvering along a planar surface. If a walker is provided with wheels at one or both ends, then the level of mobility, along with the functionality of the apparatus, increases. 
     A further increase in functionality can be seen with the presence ancillary features that benefit the user during times of rest. For example, the walkers of U.S. Pat. Nos. 1,448,783 to Blewitt et al. and 3,354,893 to Schmerl are provided with a seat that pivots from a horizontal, use position within the center of the walker framework, to a vertical, non-use position, which is alongside the front of the walker and out of the way of the standing and moving operator. The seat not only contributes a highly desirable functional feature, but also adds a level of comfort and confidence in the operator should the operator need to rest suddenly or otherwise. 
     As the art evolved, other combination apparatus appeared wherein the conventional walker was combined with the comfort features of a wheelchair. As used herein, the term “wheelchair” is defined as a patient or user transport device, and not of the self-propelled variety. For example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,419,571 to Vaughan and 5,451,193 to Pickard both illustrate a four-wheeled wheelchair having an upwardly pivoting seat and arm rests that function as walker supports. When the seated operator of the wheelchair desires to walk, he or she merely lifts the seat and maneuvers the chair around using the wheelchair arm rests as handlebars. In both cases, the operator walks in the space where the seat used to exist. 
     Alternative designs for combination wheelchair/walkers exist. For example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,558,358 to Johnson, a wheelchair seat is pivoted out of the way and the sides of the wheelchair are then partially collapsed to form a triangular wheel base configuration, with the operator using the wheelchair handlebars as a walker support. As another example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,741,020 to Harroun, a walker support is provided as a forward extension of a wheelchair frame, allowing the seated individual to access the walker support by merely standing from the seat without re-orienting with respect to the seat. 
     The prior art is thus replete with combination apparatus that allow an operator to use the same device as both a walker and transport wheelchair, with varying levels of comfort and functionality. In all instances, however, the ground-engaging aspects of the apparatus, such as the wheels of a chair or the rubber feet of a conventional walker, remain unchanged during the conversion from walker to wheelchair and vice versa. In certain situations it would be desirable to have four wheels engaging the ground when being moved in a wheelchair, but only two wheels engaging the ground when operating a device as a walker. For example, if the operator used a combination device primarily as a support where it was necessary to be effectively “planted” in a particular location in between spurts of motion, the presence of four ground-engaging wheels might provide an unsatisfactory level of instability during resting conditions. In such a situation, for example, it would be desirable if at least one set of wheels could be converted into non-rotational feet that would effectively grip the ground during positions of rest, with the other set of wheels being used during periods of mobility. 
     The present inventor is not aware of any combination devices having convertible ground-engaging members featuring this level of functionality. There is a need, therefore, for a device that is convertible between a walker and wheelchair having convertible ground engaging members that provide varying levels of support and mobility. The apparatus of the present invention fulfills such need. 
     OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION 
     It is an object of the present invention, therefore, to provide a device that is convertible between a walker and wheelchair and provides varying levels of support and mobility for the operator. 
     It is another object of the present invention to provide a device that is convertible between a walker and a wheelchair and vice versa that is easy to use, operate, transport and store. 
     It is still another object of the present invention to provide a device that is convertible between a walker having two wheels and a wheelchair having four wheels. 
     It is still another object of the present invention to provide a convertible walker/wheelchair having two pairs of wheels, one pair being in continuous engagement with the ground and the other pair being in selective engagement with the ground. 
     Still other objects and advantages of the invention will become clear upon review of the following detailed description in conjunction with the appended drawings. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     An apparatus that is convertible between walker and a chair has one pair of wheels that are continually engaged with the ground, floor or the like, and a second pair of wheels that are movable from a first position out of engagement or disengaged with the ground, in which the apparatus is used as a walker, to a second position into engagement with the ground, in which the apparatus is used as a non-self-propelled wheelchair. The movable wheels are controllable by the operator through the use of handle members connected such wheels. The handle members rotate the wheels into and out of engagement with the ground along a path that is at an angle from the vertical, thereby assuring disengagement of the wheels from the ground. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 illustrates the apparatus of the invention during use as a wheelchair. 
     FIG. 2 illustrates the apparatus of the invention during use as a walker. 
     FIG. 3 shows one side of the apparatus of the invention collapsed inward in preparation for storage 
     FIG. 4 is a close up view of the seat folded upward during use of the apparatus of the invention as a walker. 
     FIG. 5 is a close up view of a wheel that is rotatably coupled to a leg of the apparatus, shown engaged with the ground during use of the apparatus as a wheelchair. 
     FIG. 6 is a close up view of a leg having a sliding foot disposed at the end thereof and a wheel coupled to said leg that has been rotated out of engagement with the ground. 
     FIG. 7 is a close up view of a height-adjustable wheel disposed at the end of one of the legs of the apparatus of the invention. 
     FIG. 8 illustrates an occupant of the apparatus of the invention seated in the wheelchair with the handles rotated to show the conversion from a wheelchair into a walker. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The following detailed description is of the best mode or modes of the invention presently contemplated. Such description is not intended to be understood in a limiting sense, but to be an example of the invention presented solely for illustration thereof, and by reference to which in connection with the following description and the accompanying drawings one skilled in the art may be advised of the advantages and construction of the invention. In the various views of the drawings, like reference characters designate like or similar parts. 
     FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the apparatus of the invention  10  shown as a wheelchair, preferably of the patient transport type, having a first side  12 , a second side  14 , a pair of rear legs  20 , 30  and a pair of front legs  40 , 50 . The term “wheelchair” as used herein preferably relates to a transport and not a self-propelled vehicle. A preferably molded backrest  60  extends between the first and second sides  12 , 14  and provides structural stability to the rear legs  20 , 30  and an outwardly extending handle  80  is provided above the backrest  60  for wheeling an individual seated on the seat  90 . Gripping portions  21 , 31  are disposed at the upper ends and wheels  29 , 39  are disposed at the lower ends of the rear legs  20 , 30  respectively. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-4 and  8 , the rear legs  20 , 30  extend downward past the gripping portions  21 , 31  and are attached to the front legs  40 , 50  beneath the seat  90 . 
     Each rear leg  20 , 30  comprises a series of spaced-apart holes  100 , 110  through which a pin or bolt  101 , 111  housed within a sleeve  102  or socket  112  is slidable (see also FIG.  7 ). The pin or bolt  101 , 111  can be a one-piece ( 101 ) or a two-piece ( 111 ) member, and can be spring-biased as desired. Other equivalent methods of height-adjustment other than that shown in the accompanying figures may be used. 
     The front legs  40 , 50  of the apparatus  10  span a preferably “U”-shaped path, beginning at the first sleeve  102  and extending initially along a substantially horizontal path serving as the structural support  41 , 51  (see FIG. 2) for the gripping portions  91 , 92  of the seat  90 . The front legs  40 , 50  continue through a sleeve  120 , 130  and assume a downward orientation along a leg section  42 , 52  at an angle φ (see FIG. 8) from the vertical. Such legs  40 , 50  continue through another sleeve  140 , 150  and re-assume a horizontal orientation along a lower leg section  43 , 53 , finally terminating at a covered end section  44 , 54  extending beyond the rear wheels  29 , 39 . Thus, in the disclosed embodiments, two height-adjustment sections are needed because each sleeve  102  or socket  112  is connected to each other by the front legs  40 , 50 , which extend in a “U” shaped path from the first height-adjustment sleeve in the middle of the rear legs  20 , 30  to the second height-adjustment sleeve adjacent the rear wheels  29 , 39 . As shown in FIG. 7, the lower sections  43 , 53  of the front legs  40 , 50  are connected to the rear wheels  29 , 39  by bolts  114 , which bolts  114  also serve as axles for the wheels  29 , 39 . As will be described later in more detail, non-rotating feet members  160 , 170 , which are attached to the front legs  40 , 50  below the sleeve members  140 , 150 , engage the ground when the apparatus  10  is used as a walker (see FIG.  2 ), but do not engage the ground when the apparatus is used as a wheelchair (see FIG.  1 ). Such feet members  160 , 170  could be sled-like as shown, skis or rubber stopper members as is known in the art, or the like. Also, the end sections  44 , 54  may be used as leverage devices by a transporter individual of a wheelchair occupant if it is desired to overcome obstacles or the like in the path of the wheelchair. A transporter may, for example, step on the end sections  44 , 54  while simultaneously pulling downward upon the handlebar  80  to lift the front wheels  209 , 219  an appropriate distance to overcome or maneuver around an obstacle in the path of the wheelchair. 
     A pair of handle members  200 , 210  are rotatably coupled to the front legs  40 , 50  through the sleeve members  120 , 130  and comprise a pair of hand grips  201 , 211  at the ends of upper portions  202 , 212 , a pair of lower portions  203 , 213  preferably arranged at a different angular orientation with respect to the upper portions  202 , 212  and connected to a pair of front wheels  209 , 219 , or more particularly to a pair of wheel supports  205 , 215 , a pair of crossbars  204 , 214  connected between the wheel supports  205 , 215  and the sleeves  140 , 150  and a pair of footrests  206 , 216  that are pivotably connected to the wheel supports  205 , 215 . The footrests  206 , 216  provide support for a user&#39;s feet (see FIG. 8) while such user is seated, and pivot upwardly and out of the way while the apparatus  10  is being used as a walker (FIG.  2 ). As will be described later in more detail, the handle members  200 , 210  serve as a converting mechanism for used to rotate the front wheels  209 , 219  from a position in engagement with the ground (see FIG.  1 ), during which the apparatus  10  is used as a wheelchair, to a position out of engagement with the ground (see FIG.  2 ), during which the apparatus  10  is used as a walker, and vice versa. The handle members  200 , 210  also serve as handle grips for helping a person get up from the seated position when using the apparatus as a wheelchair. 
     As shown in FIG. 8, conversion from a wheelchair (FIG. 1) to a walker (FIG.  2 ), and vice versa, occurs as follows. While a user occupant  300  is seated on the seat  90 , the user lifts the foot pedals  206 , 216  with his/her feet, raises himself/herself from the seat  90 , grips the hand grips  201 , 211  and rotates the handle members  200 , 210  around the front legs  40 , 50  from a position where the front wheels  209 , 219  engage the ground  400  (shown in solid in FIG. 8, see also FIGS. 1 and 5) to a position where the front wheels  209 , 219  are disengaged from the ground  400  (shown in phantom in FIG. 8) and the feet  160 , 170  are engaged with the ground  400  (see FIGS.  2  and  6 ). In the disclosed embodiments, the operator may have to lift slightly from the seat during this conversion, although depending on the construction of the apparatus such lifting may not be necessary. The handle member  200  is rotated in a clockwise direction while the handle member  210  (see FIGS. 5 and 6) is rotated in a counter-clockwise direction with respect to the user  300 . The handle members  200 , 210  might be provided with motion-limiting means (not shown), such as cam surfaces, that restrict the rotation of the handle members  200 , 210 , and therefore the front wheels  209 , 219 , to an approximate 180-degree arc. Since the front legs  40 , 50  are positioned an angle φ (see FIG. 8) from the vertical, and since the front wheels  209 , 219  are coupled to the front legs  40 , 50  via handle members  200 , 210  and rotatable thereabout as shown, the rotation of the handle members  200 , 210  causes the wheels  209 , 219  to both rotate about the legs  40 , 50  and at the same time lift from or become disengaged from the ground. 
     During the conversion and during use of the apparatus as both a walker (FIG. 2) and a wheelchair (FIG.  1 ), the rear wheels  29 , 39  remain in continuous engagement with the ground  400 . Once the front wheels  209 , 219  have been moved out of engagement with the ground  400 , the user pivots the seat  90  upward toward the backrest  60 , where it is frictionally held by the mating contours of the seat  90  and the backrest  60 . The user then faces the backrest  60 , grips the handle portions  21 , 31  and uses the apparatus  10  as a walker (see FIG.  2 ). These steps may be reversed to convert the apparatus of the invention  10  from a walker (FIG. 2) to a wheelchair (FIG.  1 ). 
     FIG. 2 illustrates the apparatus of the invention  10  in the walker configuration. It will be appreciated that if the user  300  (see FIG. 8) is comfortable walking, is not overly imbalanced and does not therefore need the apparatus of the invention  10  to primarily support his/her body weight, the user  300  will be able to propel the apparatus  10  along with the help of the ground-engaged rear wheels  29 , 39  and the feet  160 , 170  will merely slide across the ground, floor or whatever surface the user  300  and the apparatus  10  are positioned on. In fact, if desired, the user may merely rotate the feet pedals  206 , 216  out of the way and lift the seat  90  to a position as shown in FIG.  2  and keep the front wheels  209 , 219  in engagement with the ground (i.e., not rotate them out of engagement with the ground to a position as shown in FIG. 2) and thereby use the apparatus of the invention as a four-wheeled walker, gripping the handles  21 , 31  for minimal support. 
     If, however, the user is somewhat imbalanced, the apparatus  10  of the invention, with the front wheels  209 , 219  rotated out of engagement with the ground, will be able to sustain the user&#39;s weight through the non-rotational engagement of the sled-like feet  160 , 170  with the ground without worrying about the apparatus  10  rolling into an undesirable position or location. In other words, with a two-wheeled walker embodiment of FIG. 2, half of the legs  40 , 50  can be firmly planted on the ground to prevent the apparatus  10  from escaping or rolling away from the user. This situation, i.e., two-wheeled walker configuration, will be clearly desirable for most applications where the user primarily relies on the support provided by the walker to both stand and maneuver around a given area. 
     As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the apparatus of the invention  10  is collapsible for easy transport and storage. The handle member  80  is connected to the sides  12 , 14  of the apparatus  10 , and more particularly to the rear legs  20 , 30 , by a pair of bolts or the like  81 , 83  fastened through connector plates  82 , 84  at one end, which connector plates  82 , 84  are fastened by welding or the like at their other ends to the rear legs  20 , 30 . Each side  12 , 14  of the apparatus  10  is collapsible inward toward the back rest  60  and the upwardly pivoted seat  90  by inward rotation of the rear legs  20 , 30  as shown, moving from a position that substantially perpendicular to the backrest  60  to a position that is substantially parallel to the backrest  60 . The rear legs  20 , 30  rotate around the bolts  81 , 83  through the connector plates  82 , 84 , which prevents the need for the handle  80  to undergo a telescopic change of length during the folding and unfolding of the apparatus  10 . 
     It should be appreciated that the apparatus of the present invention provides a level of functionality that is far superior to the convertible walkers/wheelchairs of the prior art. Having at least one pair of wheels in selective engagement with the ground provides the user with the ability to vary the level and type of support during use in the walker configuration. 
     While the present invention has been described at some length and with some particularity with respect to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended that it should be limited to such particulars embodiments or any particular embodiment, but it is to be construed with references to the appended claims so as to provide the broadest possible interpretation of such claims in view of the prior art and, therefore, to effectively encompass the intended scope of the invention. For example, while the front wheels are each separately rotatable around their respective legs, it will be appreciated that the front wheels could be connected via a suitable linkage such that a movement of one wheel will automatically cause the movement of the other wheel. In addition, while it is preferred to have only one pair of wheels be selectively engageable with the ground for the reasons mentioned above, other scenarios will be operable, such as if both pairs of wheels were collectively or separately engageable with the ground through the use of varying lever members or the like. Thus, the apparatus of the invention could, for example, be converted from a wheelchair having four wheels that engage the ground to a walker having no wheels that engage the ground and vice versa. Other features could also be implemented into the apparatus of the invention, such as hand brakes or foot brakes for the wheels, and the like.