Patent Publication Number: US-6209685-B1

Title: Selective, automatic elevator call registering system

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     This invention relates to selective automatic registering of elevator calls in dependence upon the knowledge of the passengers&#39; travel habits and sensing movement of passengers into and out of the elevator corridor. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     To improve elevator performance in delivering passengers to destination floors, recent focus has been on automatic call placement systems, typically utilizing some sort of electromagnetic transmitter to place the call. Some of the systems are passive, requiring no activity on behalf of the potential passenger to place the call. In such a case, an elevator call is placed by a transponder, such as a transmitter worn by the passenger responding to a beacon. In order to move passengers quickly out of the lobby, the calls are placed as early as possible. However, this results in placement of numerous false calls, since not all persons passing through the lobby or other elevator corridor, intend to use the elevator. 
     In U.S. Pat. No. 4,662,479, a measurement means tracks the position of a passenger, and places a destination call if the passenger enters the elevator, but cancels the call if the passenger wanders away from the elevator. This is extremely difficult to implement whenever there are numerous passengers. 
     In commonly owned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/189,161 filed on Nov. 9, 1998, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,109,396, a passenger proceeding toward the elevators will automatically cause a “far call” to be registered, to cause an elevator to approach the floor of the passenger, but the car does not stop unless the passenger reaches the proximity of an elevator, where a “near call” is placed for him. 
     DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION 
     Objects of the present invention include minimizing the number of false elevator calls made automatically, while allowing entry of elevator calls as early as possible. 
     According to the present invention, an elevator corridor having at least one route of access has a transponder beacon located near each access, to detect when potential passengers wearing coded responder units enter and leave the corridor, and a dispatching controller which either does not enter a call, or enters a call after different delays from the transponder response, due to the travel history established for the passenger, or lack thereof, and cancels calls for passengers whose responders indicate that they have left the lobby. According further to the invention, passengers are categorized as new, when there is insufficient history to determine their travel habits, and as visitors, users, and non-users. The users are those who normally enter the elevator corridor through an entrance, and expect to take an elevator right away. The non-users are those who enter the elevator corridor, but pass therethrough to some other facility, such as a cafeteria, then eventually return to the elevator corridor where their presence at a different transponder will indicate they are now ready to board an elevator. For a new passenger with no history, the call is not placed immediately, allowing time for the passenger to pass through the elevator corridor if the passenger so desires, utilizing a time delay which may be on the order of five seconds. For users, who are known to take the elevator in essentially every case, an elevator call is placed immediately, having a time delay of one-tenth of a second or less. Non-users who pass through the elevator corridor and then excite a different transponder may then be treated as users. In still further accord with the invention, the travel patterns are recognized by whether or not a call entered for a user is cancelled several times in a row, then the user will become a non-user. New passengers will be determined to be users if they do not leave the elevator corridor within five seconds after several usages of the elevator. Non-users who change their habits and do not pass through the elevator corridor for several days, but rather wait for an elevator, are converted to users. The invention relies on the electromagnetic transmissions which identify each passenger as each passenger passes by any one of the transponder beacons. 
     Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent in the light of the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, as illustrated in the accompanying drawing. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The sole FIGURE herein is a simplified, stylized perspective of an elevator corridor employing the present invention. 
    
    
     BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION 
     Referring to the FIGURE, an elevator corridor  5  has a pair of access paths, including an entranceway  6  and a passageway  7  that leads to a cafeteria  8 . Three elevators  10 - 12  may each have a display  13  to indicate the destination of the corresponding elevator. 
     According to the invention, a plurality of transponder beacons  17 ,  18  are each disposed near a corresponding one of the access paths  6 ,  7 , and these are interconnected with a dispatching controller  19 . Similar transponder beacons (not shown) will be disposed on elevator corridors on other floors of the building. The transponders  17 ,  18  are shown as being within the elevator corridor  5 , but they may be in the adjacent spaces, such as the entrance passageway leading to the access  6 , or the cafeteria  8 . Although only two transponder beacons  17 ,  18  are shown, there will in the usual course be one for each access to the elevator corridor  5 . 
     A plurality of passengers  21 - 23  are each wearing a corresponding responder  24 - 26  which, in one embodiment of the invention, do not have on-board power, but are powered instead by received electromagnetic radiation, utilizing well-known conventional radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. When a transponder beacon  17 ,  18  sends a recognizable activation sequence, the responders are activated to transmit the codes stored in their memories. The transponders may be incorporated within employees&#39; badges, pins, tags, fobs and the like. Visitors may have throw-away tags with transponders that are programmed with the authorized destination floor of the visitor, and the validity date. On the other hand, any suitable radio frequency response system may be utilized within the purview of the present invention. 
     As examples, consider passenger  21 , who is a non-user as he passes through the portal  6  as indicated in dotted lines, because the dispatching controller  19  recognizes that passenger  21  generally does not go directly to the elevators, but rather will respond to the other transponder beacon  18  as he passes through the portal  7  into the cafeteria  8 , prior to entering the elevators. Therefore, no call is entered for passenger  21  as a consequence of passing through the portal  6 . However, later on, as passenger  21  passes through portal  7  and his responder again responds to the transponder beacon  18 , the dispatching controller  19  will recognize that this has historically resulted in the passenger  21  entering an elevator, and therefore the dispatching controller  19  will enter the call. 
     As a further example, the passenger  23  has passed through the portal  6  and caused a response to the transponder beacon  17 . Since the history of passenger  23  indicates that she normally takes an elevator upon entering the elevator corridor, the dispatching controller  19  will immediately enter a call for the destination floor which history has shown that passenger  23  desires to reach. However, should passenger  23  proceed to the opposite end of the elevator corridor and cause a response in transponder beacon  18 , the dispatching controller will recognize the likelihood that the passenger  23  is not going to take an elevator, and cancel the previously entered call. If passenger  23  goes directly to the cafeteria  8  several times in the next few visits to the corridor, the dispatching controller  19  will change the status of passenger  23  from a user to a non-user, with respect to the first response to the transponder  17 . 
     As a further example, the passenger  22  may be new to the building, and has no history. In such a case, the dispatching controller  19 , upon receiving a response through the transponder beacon  17 , will wait five seconds to see whether or not the passenger  22  passes by the responder beacon  18 , or not, before placing a call. After several days, passenger  22  will have a history, and the dispatching controller  19  will enter calls accordingly. A visiting passenger, whose identity number will include an indication of the fact that such passenger is a visitor, has no history and needs none, so the dispatching controller will be set to respond in some default fashion, which can either be assumed that the passenger will enter the car immediately and therefore place a call as soon as the transponder beacon  17  senses the presence of a visitor, or the dispatching controller may be set to wait five seconds to see if the visitor passes through to the cafeteria  8  and responds to the transponder beacon  18 , before entering a call. 
     The aforementioned patent and patent application are incorporated herein by reference. 
     Thus, although the invention has been shown and described with respect to exemplary embodiments thereof, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and various other changes, omissions and additions may be made therein and thereto, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.