Patent Publication Number: US-11394160-B2

Title: Signal communication socket

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The invention generally relates to a signal communication socket. Particularly, the invention relates to a signal communication socket having an elastic member. 
     2. Description of the Prior Art 
     For signal communication sockets such as signal communication sockets used to connect signal lines such as plugs and cables, in order to facilitate the fixing of plugs or cables of different sizes, additional restriction members such as cable ties, clamps, etc. are used to fasten plugs or cable inserted therein. However, such a structure increases the complexity of manual operations. When plugs, cables or other components in the signal communication socket need to be disassembled, these restriction members need to be removed, increasing the required processes and even the tools. In addition, restriction members such as cable ties may become fatigued, damaged, or fall off over time, thereby deteriorating the connection reliability and life of the signal communication socket. Moreover, if the design of the signal communication socket is changed to firmly position the plug or cable, it will increase the difficulty of removing components or the signal line such as the plug or cable from the signal communication socket. For example, it may take more time and effort, or use more tools to operate, resulting in less efficiency of disassembly and assembly. Consequently, the convenience and operability of using the signal communication socket are reduced. In addition, such a signal communication socket is not conducive to changing the configuration to connect plugs or cables of different sizes, thereby limiting the applications of the signal communication socket. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is an aspect of the invention to provide a signal communication socket for connecting a signal line, which includes a socket housing and an elastic member. The socket housing defines a signal line channel therein and a slot thereon to communicate with the signal line channel. The slot has at least a first wall surface. The elastic member is detachably inserted into the slot. The elastic member abuts against the first wall surface through elastic extension when no external force is applied, thereby being positioned at the socket housing, wherein one side of the elastic member toward the signal line channel defines a part of a periphery of the signal line channel. 
     Compared to the prior art, the signal communication socket of the invention can maintain the positioning, the stability and reliability of signal lines such as cable, plug inserted thereinto and improve the convenience of detaching the signal lines or components of the signal communication socket. Moreover, the signal communication socket of the invention can simplify the process of detaching the signal lines or components of the signal communication socket, so as to increase the applications of the signal communication socket. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  to  FIG. 3  are schematic views of various embodiments of the signal communication socket having the housing and the elastic member of the invention. 
         FIG. 4  is a schematic view of another embodiment of the elastic member having the protrusion portion of the invention. 
         FIG. 5  is a schematic view of another embodiment of the signal communication socket having the pressing portion of the invention. 
         FIG. 6  is a partially enlarged view of the first wall surface and the elastic member of the signal communication socket of  FIG. 5 . 
         FIG. 7A  and  FIG. 7B  are exploded views of an embodiment of the signal communication socket of the invention from different viewing angles. 
         FIG. 8  and  FIG. 9  are schematic views of an embodiment of the signal communication socket having first and second casings rotatable with respect to the body of the invention. 
         FIGS. 10A and 10B  are schematic views of another embodiment of the signal communication socket having the elastic member and the pressing portion of the invention. 
         FIG. 11  is a schematic view of another embodiment of the signal communication socket of the invention showing the first wall surface formed with the stepped guiding structure. 
         FIGS. 12A and 12B  are schematic views of another embodiment of the signal communication socket of the invention showing the aperture adjustable by the elastic member and the pressing portion. 
         FIG. 13  is a schematic view of another embodiment of the signal communication socket of the invention showing the relative position of the first wall surface and the elastic member. 
         FIG. 14A  and  FIG. 14B  are schematic views of the signal communication socket of the invention showing the elastic member in the slot. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     Various embodiments will be described below, and those having ordinary skill in the art can easily understand the spirit and principles of the invention with reference to the description and accompanying drawings. However, although some specific embodiments will be specifically described, these embodiments are merely illustrative, and are not considered to be restrictive or exhaustive in every respect. Therefore, for those having ordinary skill in the art, various changes and modifications to the invention should be obvious and easily achievable without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention. 
     Referring to  FIG. 1  to  FIG. 3 , in various embodiments, the signal communication socket  10 ,  12 , or  14  for connecting a signal line can include a socket housing  100  and an elastic member  400 . The socket housing  100  defines a signal line channel  30  therein and a slot  35  thereon. The slot  35  communicates with the signal line channel  30  and has at least a first wall surface  110 . 
     The elastic member  400  is detachably inserted into the slot  35 . When the elastic member  400  is inserted into the slot  35  and no external force is applied thereon, the elastic member  400  abuts against the first wall surface  110  through elastic extension, thereby being positioned at the socket housing  100 . In addition to the first wall surface  110 , the elastic member  400  may also abut against other wall surfaces around the slot  35 , so as to be positioned at the socket housing  100 . Moreover, in this embodiment, when the elastic member  400  is inserted into the slot  35 , one side of the elastic member  400  toward the signal line channel  30  may define a part of a periphery of the signal line channel  30 . 
     For ease of reference to the structure of each component and for clarity, the state that the elastic member  400  has not been inserted into the slot  35  is shown, and the state that the elastic member  400  is completely assembled in the slot  35  will be separately shown later. 
     Referring to the embodiments shown in  FIG. 1  to  FIG. 3 , according to the invention, the signal communication sockets  10 ,  12 ,  14  each may have the elastic member  400  disposed corresponding to the slot  35 , and such a configuration can be applied to the socket housing  100  of various configurations. For example, as shown in  FIG. 1 , the socket housing  100  of the signal communication socket  10  can be an integrally formed housing, which defines the signal line channel  30  therein. The slot  35  is formed on the integrally formed socket housing  100 . As shown in  FIG. 2 , the socket housing  100  of the signal communication socket  12  substantially includes a body  300  and a first cover  310 . The first cover  310  can be detachably or rotatably connected to the body  300 . In this embodiment, the slot  35  is formed at the first cover  310 . When the first cover  310  is assembled with the body  300 , the slot  35  communicates with the signal line channel  30 . As shown in  FIG. 3 , the socket housing  100  of the signal communication socket  14  can substantially include a body  300 , a first cover  310 , and a second cover  320 . The first cover  310  and the second cover  320  can be detachably or rotatably connected to the body  300 . In this embodiment, the slot  35  can be formed at the first cover  310 . When the first cover  310  is assembled with the body  300 , the slot  35  communicates with the signal line channel  30 . 
     The invention can be applied to various socket housings  100 , not limited to the embodiments, which are merely illustrated as examples. The shape and configuration of the socket housing  100  provided with the slot  35  for the elastic member  400  to be inserted therein and the corresponding locations of the slot  35  and the elastic member  400  on the socket housing  100  are not limited to the embodiments shown in  FIG. 1  to  FIG. 3 . For example, in other embodiments, the socket housing  100  can have the body  300  and the first cover  310 , and the slot  35  and the elastic member  400  are disposed on the body  300  instead of the first cover  310 . 
     In an embodiment, the signal line channel  30  defined in the socket housing  100  has a first inlet  25 , which can communicate externally, and the elastic member  400  can be disposed corresponding to an edge of the first inlet  25 , but not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the elastic member  400  can be deviated from the first inlet  25  or disposed corresponding to the edge of other elements or openings or structures. 
     Referring to  FIG. 1  to  FIG. 3 , the elastic member  400  can be a U-shaped elastic member formed by metals or plastics. By pressing the U-shaped elastic member  400 , the elastic member  400  can be retrieved from the slot  35 . When not external force is applied to the U-shaped elastic member  400 , the elastic member  400  abuts against the wall surface(s) around the slot  35  through elastic extension toward two opposite sides. 
     In the above embodiments, by means of the slot  35  and the elastic member  400 , when the elastic member  400  is inserted into the slot  35 , the slot  35  communicates with the signal line channel  30 , and the elastic member  400  defines a part of the periphery of the signal line channel  30  and further affixes the signal line such as the cable, thereby enhancing the positioning of the signal line and improving the stability of connection. In addition, in the above embodiments, the elastic member  400  can be easily removed from the slot  35  by applying force against the elastic force of the elastic member  400 , thereby loosening the signal line. As such, the operation of disassembling the signal line or parts of the signal communication socket can be simplified, and the possibility of damaging the signal communication socket caused by excessive force can be prevented. 
     In another embodiment, the elastic member  400  of  FIG. 1  to  FIG. 3  can be implemented as the elastic member  400 ′ shown in  FIG. 4 . Specifically, the elastic member  400 ′ further has a pressing portion  410  protruding from the elastic member  400 ′ opposite to the first wall surface  110 . By pressing the pressing portion  410 , the position of the elastic member  400 ′ in the slot  35  can be readily adjusted, or the elastic member  400 ′ can be removed from the slot  35 . The material, configuration, and shape of the elastic member in the embodiments are merely illustrative, and not limited to the embodiments. 
     Referring to  FIG. 5 , the signal communication socket  16  of another embodiment is illustrated. The signal communication socket  16  is different from the signal communication socket  14  in that the signal communication socket  16  further includes a pressing member  500  disposed corresponding to the slot  35 . Specifically, the pressing member  500  couples with the elastic member  400  to be disposed in the slot  35  together. For example, the pressing member  500  couples with the elastic member  400  at a side opposite to the first wall surface  110 . 
     In an embodiment, the pressing member  500  protrudes away from the elastic member  400 . As shown in  FIG. 5 , the pressing member  500  is implemented with a block  510 , which protrudes away from the elastic member  400 . By pressing the pressing member  500  (e.g., the block  510 ), the position of the elastic member  400  in the slot  35  can be readily adjusted, or the elastic member  400  can be removed from the slot  35 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 5  and the enlarged view of the first wall surface  110  and the elastic member  400  of  FIG. 6 , the corresponding structures of the first wall surface  110  and the elastic member  400  will be described in detail. 
     Specifically, in an embodiment, in order to enhance the positioning of the elastic member  400  in the slot  35 , the first wall surface  110  and the elastic member  400  can be designed with corresponding structures. For example, the elastic member  400  has at least a protrusion toward the first wall surface  110 , and the first wall surface  110  is formed with a corresponding structure to receive, stop, or engaging with the protrusion. 
     In an embodiment, as shown in  FIG. 5  and  FIG. 6 , the at least a protrusion of the elastic member  400  may include an abutting portion  425 , and the first wall surface  110  is formed with an interfering structure  325  corresponding to the abutting portion  425 . When the elastic member  400  is inserted into the slot  35 , the abutting portion  425  interferes with the interfering structure  325 . As such, compared to a flat surface of the elastic member  400  abuts the first wall surface  110 , with the design of the abutting portion  425  and the corresponding interfering structure  325 , the elastic member  400  can be prevented from slipping unexpectedly due to collision or other factors. Therefore, the stability of the elastic member  400  disposed in the slot  35  can be further improved. 
     In another embodiment, as shown in  FIG. 5  and  FIG. 6 , the at least a protrusion of the elastic member  400  can include a positioning portion  415 , and the first wall surface  110  is formed with a positioning groove  315  corresponding to the positioning portion  415 . When the elastic member  400  is inserted into the slot  35 , the positioning portion  415  is inserted into the positioning groove  315 . As such, the positioning portion  415  is movable along the positioning groove  315 , so as to guide the elastic member  400  to be inserted into the slot  35  along a predetermined direction. As such, the accuracy of positioning the elastic member  400  in the slot  35  can be enhanced. 
     In yet another embodiment, as shown in  FIG. 5  and  FIG. 6 , the first wall surface  110  can be formed with at least a notch  305 . When the elastic member  400  is inserted into the slot  35 , at least a portion of the elastic member  400  is exposed outside the socket housing  100  from the at least a notch  305 . When the elastic member  400  is removed, the elastic member  400  can be compressed by applying force through the notch  305 , so that the elastic member  400  is loosened and can be slidably removed along the slot  35 . In some embodiments, in order to press the elastic member  400  conveniently, the at least a protrusion of the elastic member  400  can be a protrusion  405 , which protrudes toward the notch  305 . As such, it is much easier to apply force to compress the elastic member  400  through the notch  305 , so that the elastic member  400  can be removed from the socket housing  100 , such as the first cover  310 . 
     In an embodiment, when the elastic member  400  is a U-shaped elastic member, the U-shaped opening  610  of the U-shaped elastic member  400  can face away from the signal line channel  30 . As such, the user can apply less force to one side of the elastic member  400 , which is opposite to the signal line channel  30 , to overcome the elasticity of the elastic member  400 , thereby loosening the elastic member  400  and removing the elastic member  400  from the slot  35 . 
     Referring to the exploded views of the signal communication socket  16  shown in  FIG. 7A  and  FIG. 7B , the configuration of the signal communication socket  16  of  FIG. 5  will be described. 
     In an embodiment, in addition to the socket housing  100 , the elastic member  400 , or even the pressing member  500 , the signal communication socket  16  can further include a signal line managing member  200  disposed in the signal line channel  30 . For example, the signal line managing member  200  is disposed inside the body  300  of the socket housing adjacent to the first cover  310  and the second cover  320 . As shown in  FIG. 8  and  FIG. 9 , after assembly, the signal line managing member  200  is at least partially covered by the first cover  310  and the second cover  320  and located in the space defined by the first cover  310  and the second cover  320 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 5 ,  FIG. 7A  and  FIG. 7B , in this embodiment, the signal communication socket  16  can include inlets at different part of the socket housing  100 , such as the first inlet  25  and the second inlet  15 , which communicate externally. The first inlet  25  and the second inlet  15  can allow different signal lines to be inserted thereinto, so as to form electrical connection through the signal communication socket  16 . For example, in an embodiment, the signal line managing member  200  can separately distribute the signal line inserted from the first inlet  25 , such as the wires of the cable, to connect the terminals of the plug connected to the second inlet  15 , so that the signal line inserted from the first inlet  25  (i.e., the first signal line) can be electrically connected to the signal line inserted from the second inlet  15  (i.e., the second signal line). The first signal line can be a cable, and the second signal line can be a plug, but not limited thereto. 
     In an embodiment, the signal line managing member  200  can have one or more insulation displacement connectors (IDCs), which pierce the insulation skin of the cable and electrically connect the wires of the cable to other terminals, such as the terminals of the plug in the second inlet  15 . The signal line managing member  200  in the embodiment is illustrative, not limited thereto. The signal line managing member  200  can be any suitable component, which facilitates the electrical connection and the directional guidance of the signal line. In another embodiment, the signal communication socket  16  may not have the signal line managing member  200  when the signal lines (e.g., cable and plug) which can transfer signals directly through the signal communication socket  16 . 
     In an embodiment, referring to  FIG. 5  to  FIG. 7B , the signal line managing member  200  can participate in defining the periphery of the signal line channel  30 . Moreover, the elastic member  400  may have a design corresponding to the signal line channel  30 . For example, when the elastic member  400  is a U-shaped elastic member, a side of the elastic member  400  corresponding to the signal line channel  30  can have a curved notch  620 . The curved notch  620  can serve as a part of the periphery of the signal line channel  30 . When the signal line is inserted into the signal line channel  30 , the elastic member  400  can press the signal line through the curved notch  620 , but not limited thereto. 
     In the above embodiments, the slot  35  is designed as a structure surrounded by the first wall surface  110  and at least a support portion  330 . When the elastic member  400  is inserted into the slot  35 , the first wall surface  110  abuts against one side of the elastic member  400  in the elastic extension direction D, and the at least a support portion  330  around the slot  35  limits or supports the elastic member  400  in the non-elastic extension direction. With such a configuration, at the side opposite to the first wall surface  110  may not be disposed with a wall surface, and by pressing the elastic member  400  directly or indirectly (through the pressing member  500 ), the position of the elastic member  400  can be readily adjusted, or the elastic member  400  can be removed from the slot  35 . The slot  35  described above or shown in figures is merely illustrative. In another embodiment, the slot  35  can be defined by completely surrounding wall surfaces, such as four wall surfaces, but not limited thereto. 
     Referring to  FIG. 7A  and  FIG. 7B , in this embodiment, in order to couple the components with each other, the components may have engaging structures corresponding to each other. For example, the first cover  310  can have two first pivot portions  350 , and the second cover  320  can have two second pivot portions  360 . The body  300  of the socket housing  100  have coupling portions  105  and  106 , which correspond to the first pivot portions  350  of the first cover  310  and the second pivot portions  360  of the second cover  320 , respectively. The first pivot portions  350  and the second pivot portions  360  can couple with the coupling portions  105  and  106 , respectively, so that the first cover  310  and the second cover  320  can be rotatably connected to the body  300  as shown in  FIG. 8  and  FIG. 9 . Moreover, the first cover  310  and the second cover  320  can have engaging members  710  and  720  (e.g., hole and hook) corresponding to each other. As shown in  FIG. 8  and  FIG. 9 , when the first cover  310  and the second cover  320  are rotated close to each other, the first cover  310  and the second cover  320  can be positioned relative to each other by engaging the engaging member  710  with the engaging member  720 . As such, the first cover  310  and the second cover  320  can be readily assembled to or detached from each other. When mounting the signal line managing member  200  and the signal line, the first cover  310  and the second cover  320  are firstly opened with respect to each other, and after the mounting of the signal line managing member  200  and the signal line, the first cover  310  and the second cover  320  are rotated to be engaged with each other. The engagement, connection, or assembly described above is merely illustrative, and not limited thereto. 
     In another embodiment, when the first cover  310  and the second cover  320  are fastened to each other, the signal line (e.g., the cable) or other components received therein can be pierced or pressed by the IDC to firmly build electrical connections or can be stably positioned, but not limited thereto. 
     In an embodiment, as shown in  FIG. 7A  and  FIG. 7B , the pressing member  500  can have a limiting portion  501 , and the elastic member  400  can have a hole  401 . By inserting the limiting portion  501  into the hole  401 , the pressing member  500  and the elastic member  400  can be assembled together, and the combination of the pressing member  500  and the elastic member  400  can be further disposed in the slot  35  of the socket housing  100 , which has an integrally formed configuration or an assembled configuration. For example, as shown in  FIG. 9 , the combination of the pressing member  500  and the elastic member  400  can be disposed in the slot  35  of the socket housing  100  having the first cover  310  and the second cover  320 , which are engaged with each other, but not limited thereto. The pressing member  500  and the elastic member  400  may have other suitable engaging structures to achieve the similar effect. In another embodiment, the elastic member  400  can be firstly inserted into the slot  35 , and the pressing portion  500  is then mounted after the elastic member  400  inserted into the slot  35 . That is, the components, assembly of components, and/or corresponding structures of the signal communication socket  16  are merely illustrative, which may be suitably modified according to practical applications. 
     When the components shown in  FIG. 7A  and  FIG. 7B  are assembled with the elastic member  400  (or selectively with the pressing member  500 ) through  FIG. 8  and  FIG. 9 , the signal communication socket  16  is formed, as shown in  FIG. 10A  and  FIG. 10B . The signal line can be inserted into the signal communication socket  16  from the first inlet  25  and pressed by the elastic member  400  (or selectively by the pressing member  500 ), so that the connection stability of the signal line can be enhanced. For example, the signal line can be firstly inserted into the first inlet  25  after the assembly of  FIG. 9  is completed, and the elastic member  400  (or selectively the pressing member  500 ) is inserted into the slot  35  to press or affix the signal line. When the signal line is to be removed, external force is applied to against the elastic force of the elastic member  400 , so that the elastic member  400  can be loosened from the slot  35  and the pressing of the signal line is released. 
     In an embodiment, in order to firmly press or affix the signal lines of different sizes, the depth of the elastic member  400  inserted into the slot  35  toward the signal line channel  30  can be designed to be adjustable. For example, as shown in  FIG. 11 , the first wall surface  110  of the slot  35  formed at the first cover  310  of the socket housing  100  is enlargedly shown. In this embodiment, the first wall surface  110  can be formed with the interfering structure  325 , which corresponds to the at least a protrusion of the elastic member  400 , such as the abutting portion  425  shown in  FIG. 6 . The interfering structure  325  can be formed as a stepped guiding structure, which can consist of one or more tooth structures  375 , and the tooth structures  375  have a plurality of first step surfaces S 1  facing away from the signal line channel  30  and a plurality of second step surfaces S 2  facing toward the signal line channel  30 . The slope of the first step surfaces S 1  can be smaller than that of the second step surfaces S 2 . With such a configuration, when assembling, the abutting portion  425  (shown in  FIG. 6 ) of the elastic member  400  can easily slide along the step surfaces S 1  step by step in the direction d 1  toward the signal line channel  30 . When the assembling is completed, i.e., the signal line is firmly pressed, the sliding of the abutting portion  425  of the elastic member  400  along the step surfaces S 2  in the direction d 2  away from the signal line channel  30  can be limited by the tooth structures  375 . As such, the movement of the elastic member  400  toward the direction d 2  can be restricted to firmly press the signal line, and the depth of the elastic member  400  can be modified according to the size (or diameter) of the signal line. 
     As shown in  FIG. 11 ,  FIG. 12A  and  FIG. 12B , the aperture m 1  or m 2  of the inlet OP of the signal line channel  30  can be adjusted by moving the elastic member  400 , e.g., by pressing the pressing member  500 , which is coupled with the elastic member  400 . For example, the depth of the elastic member  400  inserted into the slot  35  can be adjusted by moving the elastic member  400  to enable the abutting portion  425  to abut against different tooth structures  375  of the interfering structure  325 . For example, when inserting the signal line of larger size, the elastic member  400  can be moved along the first step surfaces S 1  of the interfering structure  325  by a relatively shorter distance to the position shown in  FIG. 12A . When inserting the signal line of smaller size, the elastic member  400  can be moved along the first step surfaces S 1  of the interfering structure  325  by a relatively longer distance to the position shown in  FIG. 12B . 
     When the signal line has a diameter corresponding to the aperture m 1 , which is larger than the aperture m 2 , by pressing the elastic member  400  (or the pressing member  500  coupled with the elastic member  400 ) along the direction d 1 , the signal line can be pressed in a state shown in  FIG. 12A . When the signal line has a diameter corresponding to the aperture m 2 , which is smaller than the aperture m 1 , by further pressing the elastic member  400  (or the pressing member  500  coupled with the elastic member  400 ) along the direction d 1 , the signal line can be pressed in a state shown in  FIG. 12B . As such, the position of the elastic member  400  (as well as the pressing member  500 ) can be adjusted according to the size of the signal line to enhance the connection and the stability of the signal lines of different sizes, and the signal communication socket  16  can be more feasibly applied to various signal lines. The depth of the elastic member  400  inserted into the slot  35  can be adjusted be different manners, not limited to the embodiments. 
     In another embodiment, as shown in  FIG. 12A  and  FIG. 12B , the components that participate in defining the periphery of the signal line channel  30  such as the pressing member  500  and a part of the socket housing  100  (e.g., the second cover  320 ) can be disposed with a hindering structure  800 . The fastening stability of the signal line (e.g., cable) can be further enhanced by the hindering structure  800  to prevent the signal line from loosening or swinging. 
     In an embodiment, the first wall surface  110  is a side wall surface of the slot  35  adjacent to the center of the socket housing  100 , but not limited thereto. As shown in  FIG. 13 , in another embodiment, the first wall surface  110  can be a side wall surface of the slot  35  away from the center of the socket housing  100 . As described above, the first wall surface can have various structures such as one or more of notch  305 , positioning groove  315 , interfering structure  325 , and the elastic member  400  can have corresponding structures such as one or more of protrusion  405 , positioning portion  415 , abutting portion  425 . When the elastic member  400  is inserted into the slot  35 , the elastic member  400  abuts against the first wall surface  110  to be stably positioned in the slot  35 . 
     The corresponding structures of the elastic member  400  and the first wall surface  110  are merely illustrative, and one or more structures can be selectively disposed according to practical applications. For example, in another embodiment, for the signal communication socket  18  shown in  FIG. 14A  and  FIG. 14B , the first wall surface  110  may be dispensed with the notch  305 , and the signal communication socket  18  is configured to allow the elastic member  400  to be inserted into the slot  35  and to at least partially protrude outside the socket housing  100  from the slot  35 . As such, by applying external force to the portion of the elastic member  400  outside the socket housing  100 , the elastic member  400  can be loosened and removed. 
     The signal communication socket of the invention can realize the firmly positioning of the signal line and improve the convenience of assembly or disassembly. Therefore, the application and reliability of the signal communication socket can be promoted to reduce the complexity or difficulty of assembling or disassembling the signal communication socket and to avoid the defects caused by using additional restriction members such as the cable tie. 
     Although the preferred embodiments of the invention have been described herein, the above description is merely illustrative. The preferred embodiments disclosed will not limit the scope of the invention. Further modification of the invention herein disclosed will occur to those skilled in the respective arts and all such modifications are deemed to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.