Patent Publication Number: US-2013232893-A1

Title: Backup wall reinforcement with t-type siderail

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     This invention relates to reinforcement and anchor assemblies for use in masonry backup walls and, in particular, cavity wall constructs with backup and veneer walls that require superior anchoring properties. The backup wall reinforcement is a hybrid anchoring system which includes a reinforcement with an integrated anchor for connection to an interlocking veneer tie which provides a 3-axis restraint system, limiting movement and exterior wall displacement. 
     2. Description of the Prior Art 
     Masonry, the building of structures from individual units laid in and bound together by mortar, is commonly used for the construction of buildings. Such widespread use is the result of the high durability, compressive strength, thermal mass and heat resistance of the masonry building materials. Because masonry construction requires extensive manual labor and individual building materials, the quality of the masonry construction is directly dependent on the type of materials and devices used and the workmanship of the mason. 
     In recent years, attention has been paid to wall reinforcement for areas that are subjected to external forces such as high winds and seismic activity. To address a difficulty with masonry construction, weakness of the horizontal mortar or bed joints that bond the masonry units together, well-known devices such as ladder and truss reinforcements are used to augment the tensile strength of the horizontal mortar joints. Any weakness in the bed joints resulting from low tensile strength mortar, has been generally addressed by providing mortar joint reinforcement for structural stability. The ladder and truss reinforcements have been historically used to reduce cracking that arises from thermal stresses, to increase lateral flexural strength, and to enhance the elasticity and performance of masonry walls under various stresses. 
     Further seismic protection is achieved through the use of a continuous wire in the veneer masonry walls. In the past, there have been investigations relating to the effects of various forces, particularly lateral forces, upon brick veneer construction having wire formative anchors embedded in the mortar joint of anchored veneer walls. The seismic aspect of these investigations are referenced in the first-named inventor&#39;s prior patents, namely, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,875,319 and 5,408,798. Besides earthquake protection, the failure of several high-rise buildings to withstand wind and other lateral forces has resulted in the incorporation of a requirement for continuous wire reinforcement in the Uniform Building Code provisions. 
     The inventors&#39; patents and their assignee&#39;s product line include masonry accessories, namely, ladder and truss reinforcements, wall anchors, veneer ties, masonry flashing and related items for cavity walls. These products, which are sold under the trademarks of Lox All, DW-10X, X-seal, and FlexFlash, are manufactured by Hohmann &amp; Barnard, Inc., Hauppauge, N.Y. 11788 (“H&amp;B”), a unit of MiTek Industres, Inc., a Berkshire Hathaway subsidiary. The products have become widely accepted in the construction industry and the inventors have gained particular insight into the technological needs of the marketplace. 
     Recently, there have been significant shifts in public sector building specifications which have resulted in architects and architectural engineers requiring larger and larger cavities in the exterior cavity walls of public buildings. These requirements are imposed without corresponding decreases in wind shear and seismic resistance levels or increases in mortar bed joint height. Thus, the wall anchors needed are restricted to occupying the same ⅜ inch bed joint height in the inner and outer wythes. Thus, the veneer facing material is tied down over a span of two or more times that which had previously been experienced. Exemplary of the public sector building specification is that of the Energy Code Requirement, Boston, Mass. (See Chapter 13 of 780 CMR, Seventh Edition). This Code sets forth insulation R-values well in excess of prior editions and evokes an engineering response opting for thicker insulation and correspondingly larger cavities. 
     Numerous improvements to masonry wall reinforcement have been made by H&amp;B. In 1976, Hala and Schwalberg of H&amp;B, received U.S. Pat. No. 3,964,226 for an adjustable wall-tie reinforcing system which joined reinforcements in inner and outer wythes with an attached eye and pintle structure. During the period when the Uniform Building Code developed joint reinforcement specifications, Hohmann, et al., received U.S. Pat. No. 5,454,200 issued Oct. 3, 1995 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,279,283 issued Aug. 28, 2001. Examples of additional H&amp;B inventions which resolve complex issues relating to cavity wall construction include U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,279,283, 6,668,505, 6,789,365, 6,851,239, and 7,325,366. These patents provide veneer anchoring systems for masonry walls which include reinforcement for cavity walls and have received widespread usage in the industry. However, none of these devices offers a hybrid backup wall reinforcement and anchor that when combined with the disclosed veneer tie provides reinforcement and 3-axis displacement protection. 
     Basic ladder and truss reinforcements are well known in the art. Exemplary of such basic reinforcements are in a patent to Stephen Priest, Jr., U.S. Pat. No. 903,000 issued Nov. 3, 1908, entitled “Wall Tie,” which provides a reinforcing ladder device constructed of twisted wires with one side of the ladder device embedded in the outer wythe and the other, in the inner wythe. Similarly, H. Spaight, U.S. Pat. No. 2,300,181 issued Oct. 27, 1942, entitled “Means for Constructing Buildings,” teaches a truss shaped reinforcement device for embedment in either one wythe or in cavity walls in both withes. More recently, W. Smith in U.S. Pat. No. 3,183,628 issued May 18, 1965, entitled “Masonry Wall Reinforcing Means,” describes an improvement of the Spaight invention by teaching truss and ladder reinforcements having grooves or bosses on the parallel side wires to increase the mortar bonding therewith. The placement of one of the aforementioned devices in the horizontal mortar joints enhances the tensile strength of the horizontal joints. 
     The present invention employs a novel hybrid device that combines an inner wythe or backup wall with a wall anchor that provides a 3-axis restraint system, which measurably improves the stability of the overall cavity wall structure. The backup wall reinforcement anchoring system includes an integrated anchor that ensures an unbroken connection between these two essential components and, by integrating the two elements reduces the number of components at the job site. The integrated anchor is constructed in a manner to tightly receive a veneer tie and limit movement of the tie within the anchor. The connection of the anchor and veneer tie is accomplished without tools through a swinging or twisting motion. Limiting veneer tie movement protects against movement and shifting of the exterior wall, which is a cause of structural damage. Further seismic protection is provided through the attachment of a reinforcement wire to the veneer tie and set within the exterior wall. The integrated reinforcement and anchor assembly reduces the number of bits and pieces brought to the job site and manual twist-and-drop interengagement simplifies installation. 
     In preparing for this application the below-mentioned patents have become known to the inventors hereof. The following patents, not previously discussed, are believed to be relevant: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Patent 
                 Inventor 
                 Issue Date 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 3,377,764 
                 Storch 
                 Apr. 16, 1968 
               
               
                   
                 4,869,038 
                 Catani 
                 Sep. 26, 1989 
               
               
                   
                 5,392,581 
                 Hatzinikolas et al. 
                 Feb. 28, 1995 
               
               
                   
                 6,351,922 
                 Burns et al. 
                 Mar. 5, 2002 
               
               
                   
                 6,735,915 
                 Johnson, III 
                 May 18, 2004 
               
               
                   
                 7,152,382 
                 Johnson, III 
                 Dec. 26, 2006 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     U.S. Pat. No. 3,377,764—D. Storch—Issued Apr. 16, 1968 Discloses a bent wire, tie-type anchor for embedment in a facing exterior wythe engaging with a loop attached to a straight wire run in a backup interior wythe. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,869,038—M. J. Catani—Issued Sep. 26, 1989 Discloses a veneer wall anchor system having in the interior wythe a truss-type anchor, similar to Hala et al. &#39;226, supra, but with horizontal sheetmetal extensions. The extensions are interlocked with bent wire pintle-type wall ties that are embedded within the exterior wythe. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,392,581—Hatzinikolas et al.—Issued Feb. 28, 1995 Discloses a cavity-wall anchor having a conventional tie wire for embedment in the brick veneer and an L-shaped sheetmetal bracket for mounting vertically between side-by-side blocks and horizontally atop a course of blocks. The bracket has an opening which is vertically disposed and protrudes into the cavity. The opening provides for a vertically adjustable anchor. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 6,351,922—Burns et al.—Issued Mar. 5, 2002 Discloses an adjustable wall tie for cavity walls with a tension anchor and a connected J-shaped single-ended hook. 
     U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,735,915 and 7,152,381—Johnson, III—Issued May 18, 2004 and Dec. 26, 2006, respectively Discloses a masonry anchoring system for connecting two spaced apart masonry walls. The anchor includes a ladder or truss type support for positioning on top of a mortar joint and a bracket that lies in the space between the two walls. The bracket is designed to receive a connecting member to connect the two walls. 
     Accordingly, while several distinct devices were developed to provide a connection between the backup and exterior walls, the current state of the art does not fulfill the need for a hybrid anchor and reinforcement assembly that provides a 3-axis restraint system. As described hereinbelow, the present invention provides a manually assembled, integrated backup wall and anchor assembly with a veneer tie connector that limits movement in x-, y- and z-axes, thereby simplifying installation and providing a useful and novel solution to the aforementioned difficulties. 
     SUMMARY 
     The present invention is a hybrid anchoring system for cavity walls. The reinforcement is a wire formative with side and intermediate wires disposed in the backup wall. The reinforcement is constructed in a ladder or truss configuration and contains an anchor integral therewith formed from a side wire configured to extend into the wall cavity. The integrated anchor has leg portions that extend to form a veneer receptor. The veneer receptor has a single opening or alternatively two openings. The openings are formed completely from the side wire or from a combination of the side wire and an intermediate wire. 
     The veneer tie or veneer anchor is a metal stamping designed to connect with and be secured within the anchor and the exterior wall bed joint. The veneer tie has a single leg for insertion within the single-opening anchor or two legs for insertion within the two chamber anchor. The veneer tie contains an insertion portion with lower portions continuous with the upper portions that lock the veneer tie within the anchor preventing veneer displacement. The veneer tie further includes a free end portion that spans the cavity and is inserted within the bed joint of the exterior wall. The veneer tie is constructed to allow the veneer tie to manually swing into the opening or chambers without the use of tools. For greater seismic protection, the veneer tie is notched to secure a reinforcement wire within the veneer tie and the bed joint of the exterior wall. For greater displacement protection, the veneer tie section that spans the cavity is offset where the tie section abuts the interior of the exterior wall. 
     An alternative veneer tie or veneer anchor is a metal stamping designed to connect with and be secured over the anchor and within the exterior wall bed joint. The alternative veneer tie contains a slot in the connector portion that is dimensioned to allow the veneer tie to be placed over the anchor and manually rotated or twisted 90 degrees for securement on the anchor. The veneer tie optionally contains a securement notch that snap fits onto the wall anchor. Upon securement on the anchor, the free end of the veneer tie spans the cavity and inserted within the bed joint of the exterior wall. For greater seismic protection, the veneer tie is notched to secure a reinforcement wire within the veneer tie and the bed joint of the exterior wall. For greater displacement protection, the veneer tie section that spans the cavity is offset where the tie section abuts the interior of the exterior wall. 
     It is an object of the present invention to provide a manually assembled, integrated reinforcement and anchoring system for masonry backup walls. 
     It is another object of the present invention to provide an anchoring system that provides a 3-axis restraint system to limit veneer displacement. 
     It is a further object of the present invention to provide an anchoring system comprising a limited number of component parts that are economical of manufacture resulting in a low unit cost. 
     It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an anchoring system which is easy to install and meets seismic and shear resistance requirements. 
     It is another object of the present invention to provide labor-saving devices to simplify seismic-type installations of brick and stone veneer and the securement thereof to a backup wall. 
     It is a feature of the present invention that the anchor, the integrated wall anchor and wall reinforcement are dimensioned so that, when inserted into the respective mortar layers, the mortar thereof can flow around the wall-anchor-to-reinforcement-wire joint. 
     It is a further feature of the present invention that the anchor is formed from the backup wall reinforcement side rails to accept a veneer tie. 
     It is another feature of the present invention that the anchor is formed to interengage with the veneer tie to provide a 3-axis restraint system. 
     Other objects and features of the invention will become apparent upon review of the drawings and the detailed description which follows. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       In the following drawings, the same parts in the various views are afforded the same reference designators. 
         FIG. 1  is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a backup wall reinforcement with a T-type siderail anchoring system of this invention, including a ladder reinforcement with integral anchor connected to a veneer tie and reinforcement wire and shows a cavity wall with a backup wall of masonry block, and a facing wall of brick veneer; 
         FIG. 2  is a top plan view of the ladder reinforcement with integral anchor of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 3  is a perspective view of the veneer tie of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 4  is a top plan view of the integral anchor and a side view of the veneer tie of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 5  is a perspective view of the ladder reinforcement with integral anchor of  FIG. 1  with the veneer tie being swung into the anchor; 
         FIG. 6  is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a backup wall reinforcement with T-type siderail system of this invention including a truss reinforcement with integral anchor connected to a veneer anchor, shown in an enlarged view, and reinforcement wire and shows a cavity wall with a backup wall of masonry block, insulation, and a facing wall of brick veneer; 
         FIG. 7  is perspective view of the truss reinforcement with integral anchor of  FIG. 6  with a veneer tie interlocked with the anchor and connected to a reinforcement wire; 
         FIG. 8  is a perspective view of the veneer tie of  FIG. 6  with a reinforcement wire set therein; 
         FIG. 9  is a side view of the veneer tie and reinforcement wire of  FIG. 8  disposed within a cavity wall structure; 
         FIG. 10  is a top plan view of the veneer tie of  FIG. 8  interlocked with an anchor; 
         FIG. 11  is a top plan view of a third embodiment of a backup wall reinforcement with T-type siderail system of this invention, including a ladder reinforcement with integral anchor; 
         FIG. 12  is a perspective view of the veneer tie for use with the ladder reinforcement with integral anchor of  FIG. 11 ; and 
         FIG. 13  is a perspective view of the ladder reinforcement with integral anchor of  FIG. 11  with the veneer tie of  FIG. 12  being swung into the anchor. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Before entering into the detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments, several terms are defined, which terms will be revisited later, when some relevant analytical issues are discussed. As previously discussed, stronger joint reinforcements are required in the inner wythe or backup wall to support the stresses imparted by anchoring the exterior wall or veneer. As described hereinbelow, this is accomplished while still maintaining building code requirements for masonry structures, including the mortar bed joint height specification—most commonly 0.375 inches. Although thicker gauge wire formatives are used when required for greater strength, it is still desirable to have the bed joint mortar cover the wall anchor structure. Thus, the wall reinforcements are usually structured form 0.148 or 0.187 inch wire, and, in practical terms, the wire formatives hereof that are inserted into the bed joints of the inner wythe have a height limited to approximately 0.187 inch. Further, for the purposes of this Application the term longitudinal axis as it relates to the side and intermediate wires of the reinforcement (as further described and defined below) is defined as shown on the relevant drawings. 
     In the detailed description, the wall reinforcements and the wall anchors are wire formatives and the veneer tie is a metal stamping. The wire used in the fabrication of masonry joint reinforcement conforms to the requirements of ASTM Standard Specification A9521-00, Table 1. For the purpose of this application weld shear strength test, tensile strength tests and yield tests of masonry joint reinforcements are, where applicable, those denominated in ASTM A-951-00 Standard Specification for Masonry Joint Reinforcement. In the descriptions of wall anchors which follow, the wall anchors are extension of the ladder-type or the truss-type reinforcements. As the attachment methodology follows that of fabricating the Masonry Joint Reinforcements, the tests for the wall anchors, except where fixturing is dictated by configuration, follow the A-951 procedures. 
     In the detailed description of the anchoring systems hereof the various wall anchor embodiments have elements which receive interlocking or interengaging portions of the veneer ties. The wall reinforcements and anchors are wire-formatives of varied shapes and configurations horizontally disposed in the cavity for receiving and interlocking with veneer ties. The veneer ties are metal stampings. 
     Another term defined for purposes of this application is wall reinforcement. A wall reinforcement is a continuous length of Lox All™ Truss Mesh or Lox All™ Ladder Mesh manufactured by H&amp;B or equivalent modified to include an integral anchor and adapted for embedment into the horizontal mortar joints of a masonry backup wall. The wall reinforcements are prefabricated from cold-drawn steel wire and have parallel side rods with fused cross rods or truss components. The wall reinforcements for anchoring systems are generally structured from wire that is at least 0.148 and 0.187 in diameter. Further, the term masonry block is used to describe the materials of the backup wall and the exterior wall. Masonry block is defined to include brick, block, concrete masonry unit, stone, or any other similar material. 
     In the embodiments described herein below, the anchoring system for cavity walls is detailed. In masonry construction, shown in the embodiments hereof, utilizing this novel invention provides greater reinforcement and veneer displacement protection. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 1 through 5 , the first embodiment of an anchoring system utilizing a backup wall reinforcement with T-type siderails is shown and is referred to generally by the numeral  10 . In this embodiment, a masonry wall structure  12  is shown having a backup wall or exterior wythe  14  of masonry blocks  16  and a facing wall, exterior wall or veneer  18  of facing brick or stone  20 . Between the backup wall  14  and the facing wall  18 , a cavity  22  is formed, which cavity  22  extends outwardly from the interior surface  24  of backup wall  14 . The backup wall  14  and the facing wall  18  have interior surfaces or sides  24  and  17 , respectively that face the cavity  22 . 
     In this embodiment, successive bed joints  26  and  28  are formed between courses of blocks  16  and the joints are substantially planar and horizontally disposed. Also, successive bed joints  30  and  32  are formed between courses of facing brick  20  and the bed joints are substantially planar and horizontally disposed. For each structure, the bed joints  26 ,  28 ,  30  and  32  are specified as to the height or thickness of the mortar layer and such thickness specification is rigorously adhered to so as to provide the requisite uniformity for quality construction. Selected bed joint  26  and bed joint  30  are constructed to align, the one with the other so as to be substantially coplanar. For descriptive purposes, an x-axis  34  is drawn parallel to the intersection of the plane just described and the backup wall facial plane. Additionally, as seen in the drawing, an intersecting vertical line is drawn through the x-axis  34  to form the y-axis  36 . A horizontal line or z-axis  38 , normal to the xy-plane, also passes through the coordinate origin formed by the intersecting x- and y-axes. 
     In the discussion which follows, it will be seen that the various anchor structures are constructed to restrict movement interfacially—wythe vs. wythe—along the z-axis  38  and along the x-axis  34  and y-axis  36 . The wall structure  10  includes a reinforcement device or wall reinforcement portion  48  with an integral anchor or wall anchor portion  60 . The reinforcement device  48  is embedded in the bed joints  26  and  28  and includes two side rails or wires  50 ,  52  which are parallel to each other. One or more intermediate wires  54 ,  56  are attached to the interior sides or surfaces of  57 ,  58  of the side rails  50 ,  52  and maintain the parallelism of the side rails  50 ,  52 . The intermediate wires form a ladder  54 ,  56  configuration or optionally, a truss configuration (not shown). The longitudinal axis  15  of the intermediate wires  54 ,  56  and the side rails  50 ,  52  is shown on  FIG. 2 . The side rails  50 ,  52  and of the intermediate wires  54 ,  56  are substantially coplanar, and, when installed all lie in a substantially horizontal plane. 
     The reinforcement device  48  is a hybrid device which contains an integral anchor or wall anchor portion  60  formed from the side wire  52 . The anchor  60  is designed to extend into the cavity  22  for connection with a veneer tie or veneer anchor  44 . The anchor  60  contains t-type wire formatives or leg portions  70 ,  72  and a buckle or veneer tie receptor portion  74  designed to engage a veneer tie  44 . The anchor  60  is designed to form any shape that would adequately connect with the veneer tie  44 . The preferred shape is elliptical. The interior of the ellipse provides an opening or receptor  90  for interconnection with the veneer tie  44 . The interior of the veneer tie receptor portion  74  has a measurement along the minor axis “A”  90 . The exterior of the veneer tie receptor portion  74  has a measurement along the major axis “B”  98 . 
     To anchor the veneer or outer wythe  18 , a veneer tie or anchor  44  is constructed to interengage with the wall anchor  60 . The veneer tie  44  is a metal stamping which comprises an insertion portion or strap  45  with an insertion portion or free end portion  47 . The strap  45  has an upper portion  78 , a lower portion  80 , and an intersecting portion  82  formed at the intersection of the upper portion  78  and the lower portion  80 . The upper portion  78  has a width measurement “C”  51  measured from end to end. Measurement C  51  is slightly less than dimension A  90  but close enough in width to allow the insertion end to fit snugly within the anchor to limit lateral displacement and movement along the z-axis  38  and the x-axis  34 . The lower portion  80  is continuous with the upper portion  78  and has an intersecting portion  82 . The veneer tie  44  has a measurement “D”  84  that is measured from the intersecting portion  82  to maximum distance of the lower portion  80  when the lower portion  80  is swung in a circular motion. Measurement D  84  is less than measurement A  90  to allow the veneer tie  44  to be swung or twisted and dropped (as shown in  FIG. 5 ) into the wall anchor  60 . The lower portion  80  has an end-to-end measurement “E”  92  that is greater than measurement A  90  and preferably great than measurement B  98  to ensure that the veneer tie  44  remains locked within the anchor  60  and cannot, when held horizontal within bed joint  26  or  28 , escape upon vertical displacement. The securement of the anchor  60  to the veneer tie  44  is accomplished without tools, lessening the burden on the installer and the number of parts and devices required to complete the seismic construct. 
     The veneer tie  44  contains a free end portion  47 . The free end  47  includes a cavity portion  67  and an insertion portion or bed joint portion  77 . The cavity portion  67  spans the cavity  22  and the insertion portion is dimensioned for disposition within the bed joint  30  of the facing wall  18 . When inserted in the facing wall  18 , the free end  47  is in a substantially horizontal plane with the bed joint  30 . The bed joint portion  77  contains one or more reinforcement notches  69  to secure a reinforcement wire  71  within the bed joint portion  77  for embedment in the bed joint  30  of the facing wall  18 . The inclusion of the reinforcement wire  71  completes the seismic construct. The veneer tie  44  optionally contains an offset (not shown) similar to that shown in the second embodiment below. The free end  47  optionally contains apertures  73  to limit thermal transfer. Optionally, insulation (not shown) may be added to the interior  24  of the backup wall  14 . If insulation is installed, the strap  45  abuts the insulation, thereby providing further anchor  60  and veneer tie  44  support. 
     The description which follows is of a second embodiment of an anchoring system utilizing a backup wall reinforcement with T-type siderails. For ease of comprehension, where similar parts are used reference designators “100” units higher are employed. Thus, the facing wall  118  of the second embodiment is analogous to the facing wall  18  of the first embodiment. Referring now to  FIGS. 6 through 10 , the second embodiment of a backup wall reinforcement with T-type siderails of this invention is shown and is referred to generally by the numeral  110 . 
     In this embodiment, a masonry wall structure  112  is shown having a backup wall  114  of masonry blocks  116  and a facing wall, exterior wall or veneer  118  of facing brick or stone  120 . Between the backup wall  114  and the facing wall  118 , a cavity  122  is formed, which cavity  122  extends outwardly from the interior or inner surface  124  of backup wall  114 . The backup wall  114  and the facing wall  118  have interior sides  124 ,  117 , respectively that face the cavity  122 . 
     In this embodiment, successive bed joints  126  and  128  are formed between courses of blocks  116  and the joints are substantially planar and horizontally disposed. Also, successive bed joints  130  and  132  are formed between courses of facing brick  120  and the joints are substantially planar and horizontally disposed. For each structure, the bed joints  126 ,  128 ,  130  and  132  are specified as to the height or thickness of the mortar layer and such thickness specification is rigorously adhered to so as to provide the uniformity inherent in quality construction. Selected bed joint  126  and bed joint  130  are constructed to align, that is to be substantially coplanar, the one with the other line or x-axis  134  and an intersecting vertical line or y-axis  136 . A horizontal line or z-axis  138 , normal to the xy-plane, also passes through the coordinate origin formed by the intersecting x- and y-axes  134 ,  136 . 
     In the discussion which follows, it will be seen that the various anchor structures are constructed to restrict movement interfacially—wythe vs. wythe—along the z-axis  138  and along the x-axis  134  and y-axis  136 . The wall structure  110  includes a reinforcement device or wall reinforcement portion  148  with an integral anchor or wall anchor portion  160 . The reinforcement device  148  is embedded in the bed joints  126  and  128  and includes two side rails or wires  150 ,  152  which are parallel to each other. 
     One or more intermediate wires  162 ,  164  are attached to the interior sides or surfaces of  157 ,  158  of the side rails  150 ,  152  and maintain the parallelism of the side rails  150 ,  152 . The intermediate wires form a truss  162 ,  164  or a ladder configuration (not shown). The side rails  150 ,  152  and the intermediate wires  162 ,  164  all lie in a substantially horizontal plane. For the truss formation, an alternative formation with the intermediate wires providing a junction  166  with the anchor  160  that strengthens the reinforcement device  148  through a y-shaped weldment provides extra weld surface therealong. The longitudinal axis (not shown) of the intermediate wires  162 ,  164  and the side rails  150 ,  152  is substantially similar to the longitudinal axis  15  shown on  FIG. 2 . The side rails  150 ,  152  and of the intermediate wires  162 ,  164  are substantially coplanar, and, when installed all lie in a substantially horizontal plane. 
     The reinforcement device  148  is a hybrid device which contains an integral anchor or wall anchor portion  160  formed from the side wire  152 . The anchor  160  is designed to extend into the cavity  122  for connection with a veneer tie or veneer anchor  144 . The anchor  160  contains t-type wire formatives or leg portions  170 ,  172  and a buckle or veneer tie receptor portion  174  designed to engage a veneer tie  144 . The legs  170 ,  172  form a throat  182 . The throat  182  has a width measurement E  184  measured from the exterior  186  of one leg  170  to the exterior  188  of the other leg  172  lying in a substantially similar plane. 
     The anchor  160  is designed to form any shape that would adequately connect with the veneer tie  144 . The preferred shape is elliptical. The interior of the ellipse provides an optional opening or receptor  199  for optional secondary securement with the veneer tie receptor  174 . The exterior of the veneer tie receptor portion  174  has a measurement along the major axis “B”  198 . 
     To anchor the veneer or outer wythe  118 , a veneer tie or anchor  144  is constructed to interengage with the wall anchor  160 . The veneer tie  144  is a metal stamping. The veneer tie  144  provides an interlocking portion or strap  177  continuous with an insertion or free end portion  179 . The interlocking portion  177  contains a slot  181  set completely within the interlocking portion  177 . The slot  181  may take a number of forms with the preferred form being slightly larger than measurement E  184  and B  198 . The slot  181  is dimensioned, to be compatible upon installation on the anchor  160  through an insertion and twisting motion or upon emplacement and rotation, so that is can be interlocked with the anchor  160  and secured in a horizontal manner. The slot  181  has a longitudinal length measured from the top  185  to the bottom  187  of the slot  181 . The longitudinal width of the slot  181  is greater than the measurement B  198 . The slot  181  has a latitudinal width measured from the greatest distance between the latitudinal sides  191 ,  193 . The latitudinal width is greater than measurement E  184  and smaller than dimension B  198 . For connection to the anchor  160 , the slot  181  is placed over the anchor  160  and manually rotated 90 degrees to fit securely over the anchor  160  and locked into place. The securement of the anchor  160  to the veneer tie  144  is accomplished without tools, lessening the burden on the installer and the number of parts and devices required to complete the seismic construct. Once connected to the anchor, the veneer tie  144  restricts x-, y- and z-axes movement. 
     The veneer tie  144  free end portion  179  contains a cavity portion  147  that spans the cavity  122  and an insertion portion or bed joint portion  175  that is inserted into the bed joint  130  of the facing wall  118 . Upon securement of the veneer tie  144  to the anchor  160 , the free end  179  lies in a substantially horizontal plane with the bed joint  130  of the exterior wall  118 . The bed joint portion  175  contains one or more reinforcement notches  169  to secure a reinforcement wire  171  within the free end portion  179  for embedment in the bed joint  130  of the facing wall  118 . The inclusion of the reinforcement wire  171  completes the seismic construct. 
     The veneer tie  144  optionally contains an offset  197  in the cavity portion  147 . The offset  197  is configured to occur at the point where the cavity portion  147  meets the cavity wall  122 . The offset  197  locks the veneer tie  144  in place and further restricts movement. The free end  179  optionally contains holes or offsets  173  to limit thermal transfer. Optionally, insulation  123  may be added to the interior  124  of the backup wall  117 . If insulation  123  is installed, the interlocking portion  177  abuts the insulation  123 , thereby providing further anchor  160  and veneer tie  144  support. Another optional feature of the free end portion  179  is a securement notch  199  which is formed from the free end portion  179  and designed to interconnect with the anchor  160  providing even greater stability. The securement of the anchor  160  to the veneer tie  144  is accomplished without tools, lessening the burden on the installer and the number of parts and devices required to complete the seismic construct. 
     The description which follows is of a third embodiment of an anchoring system utilizing a backup wall reinforcement with T-type siderails. For ease of comprehension, where similar parts are used reference designators “ 200 ” units higher are employed. Thus, the wall reinforcement portion  48  of the first embodiment and the wall reinforcement portion  148  of the second embodiment are analogous to the wall reinforcement portion  248  of the third embodiment. 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 11 through 13 , the third embodiment of a backup wall reinforcement with T-type siderails of this invention is shown and is referred to generally by the numeral  210 . In this embodiment, a cavity wall structure is not shown but is substantially similar to the cavity wall structure shown in  FIGS. 1 and 6 . The anchoring system  210  includes a reinforcement device or wall reinforcement portion  248  with an integral anchor or wall anchor portion  260 . The reinforcement device  248  is embedded in the bed joints and includes two side rails or wires  250 ,  252  which are parallel to each other. One or more intermediate wires  254 ,  256  are attached to the interior sides or surfaces of  257 ,  258  of the side rails  250 ,  252  and maintain the parallelism of the side rails  250 ,  252 . The intermediate wires form a ladder  254 ,  256  configuration or optionally, a truss configuration (not shown). The longitudinal axis of the intermediate wires  254 ,  256  and the side rails  250 ,  252  is substantially similar to that shown on  FIG. 2 . The side rails  250 ,  252  and of the intermediate wires  254 ,  256  are substantially coplanar, and, when installed all lie in a substantially horizontal plane. 
     The reinforcement device  248  is a hybrid device which contains an integral anchor or wall anchor portion  260  formed from the side wire  252 . The anchor  260  is designed to extend into the wall cavity for connection with a veneer tie or veneer anchor  244 . The anchor  260  contains t-type wire formatives or leg portions  270 ,  272 ,  273  and a buckle or veneer tie receptor portion  274  divided into two sections  221 ,  223  and designed to engage a veneer tie  244 . The leg portion  273  is formed from the intermediate wire  256 . The anchor  260  is designed to form any shape that would adequately connect with the veneer tie  244 . The preferred shape is elliptical. The interior of the veneer tie receptor portion  274  has measurements along the minor axes “A”  290  and “A 1 ”  291 . The exterior of the veneer tie receptor portion  274  has a measurement along the major axis “B”  298 . 
     To anchor the veneer or outer wythe, a veneer tie or anchor  244  is constructed to interengage with the wall anchor  260 . The veneer tie  244  is a metal stamping which comprises insertion portions or straps  245 ,  249  and an insertion portion or free end portion  247 . The straps  245 ,  249  have upper portions  278 ,  279  lower portions  280 ,  281  and intersecting portions  282 ,  283  formed at the intersection of the upper portions  278 ,  279  and the lower portions  280 ,  281 . The lower portions  280 ,  281  are continuous with the upper portions  278 ,  279  and have intersecting portions  282 ,  283 . The upper portions  278 ,  279  have a width measurement that is slightly less than the measurement A  290  and measurement A 1   291  to allow for insertion and limit lateral displacement. The lower portions  280 ,  281  are larger than the measurements A  290  and A 1   291  and have a combined measurement that is preferably greater than measurement B  298  to ensure the veneer tie  144  is locked within the anchor  260 . 
     To allow for insertion of the veneer tie  244  into the anchor  260  measurements “C”  251  and “C 1 ”  253  (measured from the intersecting portions  282 ,  283  to the maximum distance of the lower portions  280 ,  281  when the lower portions  280 ,  281  are swung or twisted and dropped in a circular motion) are slightly less than measurement A  290  and measurement A 1   291  but close enough in width to allow the insertion end to fit snugly within the anchor to limit lateral displacement and movement along the z-axis  238  and x-axis  234 . The securement of the anchor  260  to the veneer tie  244  is accomplished without tools, lessening the burden on the installer and the number of parts and devices required to complete the seismic construct. 
     The veneer tie  244  free end portion  247  includes a cavity portion  267  and an insertion portion or bed joint portion  277 . The cavity portion  267  spans the cavity and the bed joint portion  277  is dimensioned for disposition within the bed joint of the facing wall. When inserted in the facing wall, the free end  247  is in a substantially horizontal plane with the bed joint. The bed joint portion  277  contains one or more reinforcement notches  269  to secure a reinforcement wire (not shown) within the bed joint portion  277  for embedment in the bed joint of the facing wall. The inclusion of the reinforcement wire completes the seismic construct. The veneer tie  244  optionally contains an offset (not shown) similar to that shown in the second embodiment. The free end  247  optionally contains apertures  273  to limit thermal transfer. Optionally, insulation (not shown) may be added to the interior of the backup wall. If insulation is installed, the straps  245  abut the insulation, thereby providing further anchor  260  and veneer tie  244  support. 
     The anchoring system of this invention provides greater seismic and sheer protection than the prior art through the use of a hybrid reinforcement and anchor device with an interlocking veneer tie. The present device achieves this advancement through the use of a 3-axis restraint system between the anchor and the veneer tie. 
     The anchoring system utilizes only three components, the reinforcement/anchor, veneer tie and reinforcement wire to obtain the 3-axis restraint system and reinforcement and seismic protection. The limited number of manually installed components provides an easy to install economical solution providing a significant improvement over the prior art. 
     Because many varying and different embodiments may be made within the scope of the inventive concept herein taught, and because many modifications may be made in the embodiments herein detailed in accordance with the descriptive requirement of the law, it is to be understood that the details herein are to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.