Patent Publication Number: US-11023882-B2

Title: Method and apparatus for completing credit card transactions from an MST and NFC capable module affixed to a smart phone, a mobile wallet, a personal digital assistant or the cases for same

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED DOCUMENTS 
     This US Non-Provisional patent application claims priority as a continuation in part to co-pending application Ser. No. 16/054,985 filed on Aug. 3, 2018 which claims priority to provisional application Ser. No. 62/540,575 filed Aug. 3, 2017 and provisional application 62/645,490 filed on Mar. 20, 2018. All of the above mentioned priority claims are included herein at least by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention is in the field of credit card transactions. 
     2. Discussion of the State of the Art 
     In the field of wireless credit card transactions there are certain wireless technologies in use. One is near field communication which is known as “NFC”. Near-field Communication (NFC) is a set of communication protocols that enable two electronic devices, one of which is usually a portable device such as a smartphone, to establish communication by bringing them within 4 cm (1.6 in) of each other. In the art, one device us usually an interrogation device and one is a mobile device. NFC devices are used in contactless payment systems, similar to those used in credit cards and electronic ticket smartcards and allow mobile payment to replace/supplement these systems. This is sometimes referred to as NFC/CTLS (Contactless) or CTLS NFC. NFC-enabled portable devices can be provided with application software, for example to make payments when connected to an NFC-compliant apparatus. Earlier close-range communication used technology that was proprietary to the manufacturer, for applications such as stock ticket, access control and payment readers. Like other “proximity card” technologies, NFC employs electromagnetic induction between two loop antennas when NFC-enabled devices—for example a smartphone and a printer—exchange information, operating within the globally available unlicensed radio frequency ISM band of 13.56 MHz on ISO/IEC 18000-3 air interface at rates ranging from 106 to 424 kbit/s. Each full NFC device can work in three modes:
         NFC card emulation—enables NFC-enabled devices such as smartphones to act like smart cards, allowing users to perform transactions such as payment or ticketing.   NFC reader/writer—enables NFC-enabled devices to read information stored on inexpensive NFC tags embedded in labels or smart posters.   NFC peer-to-peer—enables two NFC-enabled devices to communicate with each other to exchange information in an ad hoc fashion.       

     Another wireless technology used for credit card transactions is Magnetic Secure Transmission (MST). This technology emits a magnetic signal that mimics the magnetic strip on a traditional payment card. MST sends a magnetic signal from a smart phone to the payment terminal&#39;s card reader (to emulate swiping a physical card without having to upgrade the terminal&#39;s software or hardware). MST technology is accepted at nearly all payment terminals with a card reader. Some payment terminals may require simple software updates. Simply select a card from Samsung Pay, and transmit the payment information by moving your device within an inch of the payment terminal (Not NFC). Your transaction and payment information will be kept private and secure with the use of tokenization. MST is more secure than using a traditional payment card and is as secure as paying with Near Field Communication (NFC). In one embodiment MST technology is used to inductively charge a credit card or debit card from a smartphone case. 
     Apple iPhone 6 joined the majority of smartphones by containing an NFC controller. However, at the moment, this new iPhone is locked down only to the Apple Pay mobile payment system. This means that iPhone 6 users are unable to take advantage of the massive potential of NFC through apps, tags and communication. 
     Applications would benefit from NFC as current apps could be updated and new Apps could be developed and released to use this new functionality. NFC could be used in a number of ways in new applications. Apps could be released that write or read the tags or encode the tags with web links or trigger system setting changes. Another potential application could allow communication between devices, like Android Beam, that can send information easily from one device to another. Developing this theme of communication, applications could be used to connect and pass information from phones to other smart devices around the home, developing the Internet of Things and becoming a proximal wonderland for users. 
     NFC functionality could be incorporated into existing apps from retailers and other companies. This is one of the most interesting uses as it will allow stores to easily and intuitively interact with their customers. For example, NFC tags could be linked to further information on products or retailer&#39;s apps could allow extra functionality such as saving items for later. This concept is already being pioneered by Topshop using barcodes to save items for review, however using NFC tags would allow for a better experience, increasing ease of use for the users and so greater rewards for the retailer. Based on the range of apps that can tap into this NFC functionality, it is likely that, when the iPhone&#39;s NFC is unlocked, the next ‘killer app’ will use this feature. 
     What is clearly needed is a way to bypass all of the proprietary locked down wireless payment systems and enable the user to choose which payment system he really wants to use and enjoy the other functionality of NFC including but not limited to NFC card emulation which enables NFC-enabled devices such as smartphones to act like smart cards, allowing users to perform transactions such as payment or ticketing, NFC reader/writer which enables NFC-enabled devices to read information stored on inexpensive NFC tags embedded in labels or smart posters and or NFC peer-to-peer which enables two NFC-enabled devices to communicate with each other to exchange information in an ad hoc fashion. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In one embodiment a smartphone is taught comprising an electronics module affixed to the smartphone, said electronics module not being original equipment of the smartphone. The electronics module has NFC transceiving and financial transaction capability. The electronics module also having an MST financial transaction capability and BLE communication capability with the smartphone. 
     In one embodiment the smartphone being affixed to electronics module is capable of NFC and or MST financial transaction capability, and wherein BLE communication from electronics module to smartphone is configured to complete a financial transaction through any of its wireless connectivity and wherein smart wallet software is resident on smartphone. 
     In one embodiment the module comprises a software instance for credit card secure element information acquisition and implementation for handling multiple credit card secure element information sets is part of module. 
     In one embodiment the module comprises a secure element that can exist within a removable smart chip, SD card, or embedded within a fixed chip on said module. 
     In one embodiment smart wallet software is resident on smartphone and in the cloud. 
     In one embodiment credit card indicia can be selected from smart wallet software to initiate a financial transaction. 
     In one embodiment a financial transaction is initiated through a POS device and further wherein credit card or financial account indicia are presented on a POS touch screen such that a user may select his account by tapping the POS screen to initiate a financial transaction 
     In one embodiment the module affixed to smartphone is used to bypass a wireless capability disabled by or made unavailable to a user by the smartphone manufacturer if a use wishes to use a competitor&#39;s mobile payment system. 
     In one embodiment the smartphone affixed with electronics module wherein the wireless capability disabled by or made unavailable to a user by the smartphone manufacturer is NFC. 
     In one embodiment the smartphone affixed with electronics module wherein the wireless capability disabled by or made unavailable to a user by the smartphone manufacturer is MST. 
     In one embodiment a wireless electronics module is disclosed comprising an NFC transceiving capability, a BLE transceiving capability, an MST capability, a battery a host MCU, a fully compliant secure element module capable of handling multiple credit card financial datasets, a coil providing NFC wireless transceiving capability, a coil providing MST financial transaction capability, a coil providing BLE wireless transceiving capability, a coil providing inductive charging capability wherein said module may be attached to any wearable wherein the wearable is used to initiate at least one of a financial transaction, an entry to a movie, the use coupons, a ticket for any venue. 
     In one embodiment credit card indicia may be selected from smart wallet software resident on the smart phone to initiate a financial transaction. 
     In one embodiment a second wireless communication between said module and a point of sale device or POS is taught resulting in a wireless credit card transaction capability called magnetic secure transmission or MST. 
     In one embodiment secure elements relating to at least 2 credit cards are held on the electronics module. 
     In one embodiment smart wallet software is resident on smartphone and in the cloud and wherein said module can transfer or receive credit card information with another smartphone and wherein a user 1 may authorize another user 2 such as a family member, through the smart wallet application, to grant authorization for a family member or friend to use a credit card for purchases. 
     In one embodiment user 1 who is loaning another user 2 a credit card for purchases can initiate limits on amount of the purchases of user 2. 
     In one embodiment user 1 is loaning user 2 a credit card for purchases and user 1 can initiate limits where she can go to make purchases based on a tracking function of the smart wallet application through GPS or phone tracking function. 
     In one embodiment any or all of said coils of the module of the invention, residing in or on the case of a smartphone, may be adapted through MCU circuitry to canvass/sense the immediate area for electromagnetic fields sufficient to harvest said EMF through said coils to glean energy from the EMF environment to charge the battery of the module of the invention or a smartcard battery  922  capable of being inductively charged being in sufficient proximity to the module of the invention to be inductively charged. 
     When a smartcard, debit or credit card is referred to in this specification the inventor is speaking of any card or payment card with a battery capable of being charged. The card could be a loyalty card, gas card etc. . . . In one embodiment a smart card (debit or credit) having a battery  922  capable of being inductively charged may be inductively charged by utilizing any or all of the coils of the module of the invention to harvest any EMF energy from the use of a smartphone while the smartphone is in a smartphone case, the case incorporating at least the functionality of the module of the invention. The energy gleaned from the EMF of the smartphone use may be used to charge the module of the invention such that when the battery in the module of the invention reaches a certain level said module will then send charge to battery  922  of the smart debit or credit card through either physical contacts or inductively while in sufficient proximity. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a back view of an illustration of a smart phone with a module of the present invention attached. 
         FIG. 2  is a back view of an illustration of smart phone with a module of the present invention attached according to one embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 3  is a view of a top view of a module of the present invention showing electronics and coils according to one embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 3A  is a view of a top view of a module of the present invention showing electronics, coils and encryption ability in addition to secure elements according to one embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 3B  depicts a block diagram illustrating systems for controlling multiple secure element based card software applications using a secure element based control software application according to certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention 
         FIG. 4  is a view of a module of the present invention interacting with a wireless point of sale credit card transaction device according to one embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 5  is a view of a module of the present invention interacting with another wireless point of sale credit card transaction device to perform an MST wireless credit card transaction according to one embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 6  is a view of a device with module affixed, a POS and a credit card or wallet application resident on the device according to one embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 7  is a perspective view of the interaction between 2 devices or smart phones with modules of the invention affixed interacting with one another. 
         FIG. 8  is a view of a device with module affixed, a POS and a credit card or wallet application resident on the device according to one embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 9  is a view of a smartphone case with module functionality showing inductive charging of a case and a smartcard with energy harvested from EMF either the environment or from the use of the smartphone resident in a case according to one embodiment of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention provides a wireless electronics module that may be co-joined or affixed to a phone, any phone case of wallet or any other personal items or electronics devices including watches and watch computers. The module enabled is with “Near field Communications” technology hereafter “NFC” and Magnetic Secure Transmission technology hereafter “MST” technology. The module may be in wireless communication with an application installed on the portable electronic device to which it is affixed such as a smart phone a digital walled or personal digital assistant. The application enabling wireless credit card transactions with NFC enabled point of sale devices. Even if the POS is not NFC enabled the module may use MST to push a magnetic signature emulating a credit card magnetic stripe. 
     In the current state of the art device manufacturers have locked down the NFC capability on their devices through software. This is so that the users have to use the proprietary applications installed on the device. One example of this is the Apple Iphone and its payment system Apple Pay. Iphone users can use Apple Pay but they cannot use a third party application that is enabled with NFC capability. Typically wireless payment cards use only one wireless technology in their payment systems and they do not work everywhere. 
     In various embodiments described in enabling detail herein, the inventors provide a method and apparatus for devices where NFC functionality is not available to the user for one reason or another. 
       FIG. 1  is a back view of an illustration  1000  of a smart phone  1001  with a module  1002  of the present invention attached, co-joined or affixed. The attachment of module  1002  may be magnetic, adhesive, surface adhesion or wringing the material of the module to the material of the device. Wringing is the process of sliding two blocks together so that their faces lightly bond. Because of their ultra flat surfaces, when wrung, gauge blocks adhere to each other tightly. Properly wrung blocks may withstand a 75 lbf (330 N) pull. While the exact mechanism that causes wringing is unknown, it is believed to be a combination of Air pressure applies pressure between the blocks because the air is squeezed out of the joint. Surface tension from oil and or water vapor that is present between the blocks. Molecular attraction occurs when two very flat surfaces are brought into contact. This force causes gauge blocks to adhere even without surface lubricants, and in a vacuum. The method of attachment can be various; in fact any adhesion technology may be employed here. 
     The smart phone  1001  of figure one has NFC, MST and Bluetooth capability built in from the factory by the manufacture but the user cannot unitize the functionality of the NFC capability for his or her own use. Primarily The manufacturer enables its NFC capability for its own proprietary pay technology. The manufacturer has essentially locked down the NFC functionality except for its own proprietary uses. The inventor has come up with a way for any smartphone, smartphone case, or any digital assistant or the case of same to be enabled to perform, among other things, a wireless credit card transaction at any POS regardless of the age or type of POS. Module  1002  which the inventor calls EdgeLink™ (hereafter module) is an electronics module that has the appropriate circuitry and wireless functionality that, when affixed to a device (in this embodiment the back of a smart phone)  1001 , will enable that device to perform wireless functionality of NFC, MST and BLE wireless technologies. The module  1002  may, in other embodiments, be enabled with any other wireless protocols in existence or that will be in existence such as a radio frequency, an infrared transmission, a digital signal, a cellular signal, a sonic output, or a vibrational wave. 
       FIG. 2  is an illustration of the back of a smart phone  201  with the module  202  of the present invention shown affixed. Together the device  200  may perform all of the functionality discussed with reference to  FIG. 1 . In this embodiment the module  202  is longer than shown in  FIG. 1  and it edges are beveled so that when affixed to smart phone  200 , it will slide into or may be inserted into any existing case made for the smartphone or digital assistant the module  202  is adhered to without any modifications. The form factor is not limited to what is shown in the drawings. The form could take any shape conducive for sliding into a case with the module  202  affixed. In one embodiment the module  202  form factor could cover the entire back of a smart phone. The form factor of module  202  can conform to any smart phone, digital assistant or any case for such devices. Module  202  can be made as part of a case for such a device as well enabling the device in the case to enjoy all of the functionality of module  202 . Module  202  may be so miniaturized that it may also be co-joined to any wearable device such as a ring, a watch, clothing, a hat, a wrist band etc. . . . 
     Any other wearable may be co-joined with module  202  to initiate a financial transaction, enter a movie, use coupons, may be used as a ticket for any venue . . . . 
       FIG. 3  shows the some of the circuitry enabling the functionality of the module in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. An antenna that may be a fractal antenna  310  is used in some embodiments. A fractal antenna is an antenna that uses a fractal, self-similar design to maximize the length, or increase the perimeter (on inside sections or the outer structure), of material that can receive or transmit electromagnetic radiation within a given total surface area or volume. Such fractal antennas are also referred to as multilevel and space filling curves, but the key aspect lies in their repetition of a motif over two or more scale sizes, or “iterations”. For this reason, fractal antennas are very compact, multiband or wideband, and have useful applications in cellular telephone and microwave communications. This invention is not limited to fractal antennas as other antenna configurations may also be used. 
     Module  300  contains a transceiver chip/controller and associated circuitry  308  that enables NFC communication to and from any device also enabled with NFC technology. All circuitry is contained on board  311  of  FIG. 3  or board  313  of  FIG. 3A  (note multiple boards may be used as necessary). NFC Coil  302  and circuitry  308  together enable part of the NFC functionality. Module  300  is enabled with NFC card emulation which enables NFC-enabled devices such as smartphones to act like smart cards, allowing users to perform transactions such as payment or ticketing. Module  300  is enabled as a NFC reader/writer as well which enables NFC enabled devices to read information stored on inexpensive NFC tags embedded in labels or smart posters. This enables Module  300  to read all NFC enabled devices, tags, posters etc. . . . Module  300  is also enabled with NFC peer-to-peer technology which enables two NFC-enabled devices to communicate with each other to exchange information in an ad hoc fashion. In the latter peer-to-peer embodiment module  300  can transfer or receive credit card information from another user enabling module  300  to perform credit card transactions with another user&#39;s card such as a Mother giving her daughter authority to use her card for purchases. Purchase limit and time limits can be attached to the borrowed card through the proprietary application running on the smartphone that initiated the borrowing of the card. Proximal Leash technology may also be enabled in one embodiment such that if the daughter in the above example lost her card, the lost card could be found and or disabled via a smartphone. 
     Module  300  contains a chip and or circuitry  307  enabling Bluetooth Low Energy (Hereafter BLE) also marketed as Bluetooth Smart. BLE is a wireless personal area network technology designed and marketed by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group aimed at novel applications in the healthcare, fitness, beacons, security, and home entertainment industries. Compared to Classic Bluetooth, Bluetooth Smart is intended to provide considerably reduced power consumption and cost while maintaining a similar communication range. Coil  304  represents part of the circuitry that enables the BLE functionality of Module  300 . All coils  302 ,  303 ,  304  and  305  are wired appropriately for proper functionality although the wiring, actual chips or integrated circuits are not shown due to space considerations on the drawings. 
     Module  300  contains battery  306 . Battery  306  may be charged inductively utilizing inductive charging coil  303  and associated circuitry. Module  300 , in one embodiment, also includes a coil  305  for MST functionality, BLE coil  304  and NFC coil  302 . Module  300  also contains MCU  309 . An MCU is short for microcontroller unit which is a small computer on a single integrated circuit. In modern terminology, it is a system on a chip or SoC. A microcontroller contains one or more CPUs (processor cores) along with memory and programmable input/output peripherals. The MCU on Module  300  is a multipurpose MCU and controls certain functionality within module  300  such as battery charging, BLE two way communications with a smartphone application, MST implementation and NFC capability. 
       FIG. 3A  is a view of a module of the present invention showing electronics, coils and secure elements  312  according to one embodiment of the invention. Contactless payment technology incorporates proximal communications between two or more devices to authenticate and enable payment for goods and services over the air (OTA) or without physical connection. Near Field Communication (NFC) is an example of a proximity communication option that can enable contactless payment technologies and that are supported by the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) Association. RFID is an example of a proximity communication method that can be adapted to enable NFC contactless payment technology. MST proximal wireless technology may also be used in NFCs place in this example. NFC communication ranges generally range from about 3 to about 4 inches. Such short communication distances limit, as well as, enable secure communication between closely held proximity enabled devices. An NFC-enabled contactless payment device such as module  300  enables financial transactions, ticketing, secure authentication, and coupons among several services that are available to the device owner. The NFC contactless payment device module  300  can function as a credit card to enable purchases at the point-of-sale (POS) or even via merchant Websites, Where in the later case module  300  communicates via BLE to the host smartphone wallet or credit card application (as shown in  FIG. 6 ) which can be used to secure bank information from an authenticating server called a trusted service manager (TSM). The bank information is used in a form entry for payments on a merchant Website. The TSM hosts and controls all credit card information sent to or withdrawn from a trusted NFC enabled contactless payment device such as module  300 . Module  300 , in addition to having inductive charging, also has contacts for a sleek contact type of battery charger. 
     Application for credit card secure element information acquisition and implementation for handling multiple credit card secure element information sets. 
     In one embodiment of the invention a software application for credit card secure element information acquisition and implementation for handling multiple credit card secure element information sets is disclosed. A card software application can be identified by Application Identifiers (AIDs) and are typically stored within the secure element  312  of the module  300  AIDs may be standardized by the ISO 7816 specification and include between 5 and 16 bytes. The first five bytes collectively of the AID is called a Registered Identifier (RID), which typically identifies the card company for example, MasterCard®, Discover®, or Visa®. The subsequent bytes may include the PIX or Proprietary application Identifier Extension, Which can be used to identify such information as the application type, version, manufacturer, and other information. The secure element  312  can exist within a removable smart chip, SD card, or embedded within a fixed chip on module  300 . The secure element  312  allows a software application  802  of  FIG. 8  to run or reside on module  300  and be accessible by the mobile device user to interact securely with certain functions within the secure element, while protecting a majority of the information stored within it. Secure element  312  on module  300  of  FIG. 3A  functions as a secure communication channel and uses encryption methods for communication between the secure element  312  and the smartphone  202  of  FIG. 2  to which it is attached and its software. The secure element  312  on the module  300  includes crypto processors for calculating crypto algorithms, memory controller units to manage the Read Only Memory (ROM), Ready Access Memory (RAM), and EEPROM flash memory within. 
       FIG. 3B  depicts a block diagram illustrating systems  3000  for controlling multiple secure element based card software applications using a secure element based control software application according to certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. In one embodiment an external trusted service manager (TSM)  314  controlled by a near field communications (NFC) service provider  313  hosts and transmits card software applications for installation within the secure element  326  residing on module  300  of  FIG. 3 . The NFC service provider  313  provides a secure key encrypted software card application for decryption and installation in the secure element  326 . The TSM  314  includes a trusted service agent, which may be an automated software distribution entity within the TSM. In certain exemplary embodiments, the TSM may be accessible to the module  300  of  FIG. 3  via the internet  321  directly, without the requirement of a mobile services provider  322  for downloading trusted card software applications to module  300  or host smart phone. The mobile services provider  322  provides card software applications in one of many mobile services protocol, such as 3G and 4G. In certain exemplary embodiments, the TSM  314  may exist as a part of the mobile services provider  322 . 
     In certain exemplary embodiments, external application providers  315  provide card software applications to the TSM  314  for deployment to the module  300 . In an alternative embodiment, each of the external application providers  315  may include a TSM for providing trusted card software applications directly to the module  300  via the Internet  321  or the mobile service provider  322 . Exemplary external application providers  315  include credit card companies  316  for providing credit card type payment card software applications (e.g., Java credit/debit/PayWave/PayPass type applets), ticketing companies  317  for providing tickets to events, travel, and other related functions, coupon companies  318  for providing coupons that are downloaded and scan-able at a point-of-sale (POS) using the module  300 , RFID tags, barcodes, QR 2 dimensional bar codes, and other similar optical coding methods, an authentication company  319  for providing authentication data that may be used to lock/unlock physical appliances or for virtual functions on computer software, and a protected information provider  320 , such as a bank, merchant, or other financial service provider, for providing confidential or otherwise protected information (for example, account information), which may be used to represent a particular card. One protected information provider  320  is a familial negotiation server (not shown). This server may authorize credit card use across families and friends and may be verified via social media accounts in part. 
     In certain exemplary embodiments, an application host OS  324  on resident on module  300  of  FIG. 3 , provides the user of the mobile device with module affixed with the capability to manage multiple card software applications and its instances  329  using a wallet software application  325 , where the wallet software application does not need TSM  314  permission to perform certain functions on each of the card software applications and its instances  328 - 329 . The management of the card software applications may be performed via a control software application  327 , which communicates with the wallet software application  325  using an application protocol data unit hereafter APDUs, transmitted and received, through a secure and encrypted communication channel or may communicate to the wallet software in the same fashion via BLE from the module  300 . The control software application may freely communicate with the multiple card software applications and its instances  328 - 329  because each of the card and control software applications are resident within the same secure element  326  on module  300 . Alternatively, multiple secure elements providing a secure communication channels will provide the same functionality as disclosed herein. Thus the user may engage the control software application  327  using commands to activate, deactivate, prioritize, delete, and install card software applications within the secure element  312  of module  300 . When the card software applications have been activated and prioritized, the NFC controller  331  is notified of the state of readiness of module  300  for an NFC transaction. NFC controller  331  polls a radio signal through antenna  330  or listens for radio signals from an interrogation device or reader terminal device  332 . On establishing a channel between the devices  330  and  332 , the reader requests to see the list of available card software applications within the secure element  326 . A directory is first displayed, after which, based on the set priority or the type and capability of reader (NFC or MST), an application  328 - 329  is chosen and initiated for the transaction. If an NFC transaction is the preferred method of transaction based on the POS parameters such a transaction is initiated. If an MST transaction is the preferred method of transaction based on the POS parameters such a transaction is initiated. 
     It should be noted here that all credit card data sets, in one embodiment, are stored in a secure cloud environment and could be chosen for a transaction just prior to the transaction taking place. The mobile wallet will mirror all of the card data sets that the user has loaded into their smart phone or other personal digital assistant. The user simply selects the funding source for the transaction among their preloaded cards loaded either by web or an app resident on the smartphone or other digital assistant. The selected funding source is transmitted to the smartphone or other digital assistant and then to module  323 . From module  323  the transaction takes place either by NFC or MST as previously discussed. 
       FIG. 4  is a view of a module  400  of the present invention interacting with a wireless point of sale credit card transaction device  499  according to one embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment the POS  499  is has wireless capability and can perform NFC wireless credit card transactions, conventional, slide the magnetic stripe through the slot credit card transactions and MST wireless credit card transactions. 
     Most smart phones do not have unfettered access to NFC functionality of their mobile devices. Most manufacturers force the user to use their NFC applications. Some of those users do not want to use certain NFC applications preferring to have their own choice in the matter of application development, deployment and use concerning NFC functionality. With module  400  attached or affixed to a mobile device, unfettered NFC functionality is available to that mobile device. 
     When discussing electronics chips and circuitry in this application we may refer to them as a chip and or circuitry and or coil. These terms mean any circuitry, chips or coils to enable the electronic technology we are discussing at the time. All circuitry is contained on a board or chip. In the case of  FIG. 4  it is board  415 . 
     In this embodiment we have module  400  affixed to a smart phone  4000 . Module  400  is enabled for NFC functionality via NFC transceiver chip/controller  409  and coil  402 . Module  400  also is enabled with BLE functionality via BLE transceiver chip  408  and coil  404 . MST functionality is enabled via transceiver chip  4008  and coil  405 . Inductive charging for battery  407  is enabled via inductive charging circuitry  4009  and coil  403 . Module  400  is also enabled with Host MCU  407  and secure elements  4012 . 
     POS  499  is enabled with NFC and MST wireless credit card transaction capability as well as a smart chip insertion or the conventional slide of a magnetic stripe of a credit card to perform credit card transactions. POS  499  is also equipped with writing device  410 , credit card smart chip insertion slot  414 , conventional sliding slot  413 , NFC device wave area  411  as well as MST capability enabled through the signal antenna  412 . 
     In this embodiment module  400  may be attached to a smart phone or a smart phone case or any other personal digital assistant with the ability to communicate with module  400  via BLE. Module  400  as discussed has the circuitry and functionality to perform NFC or MST wireless credit card transactions. 
     In this embodiment smartphone  4000  may be waved over wave card area of POS  499  to perform an NFC transaction. The NFC capability however will be enabled via module  400  affixed to the back of phone  4000 . The NFC transaction will be communicated to a credit card or wallet application resident on smart phone (as discussed in  FIGS. 3A and 3B ) via the BLE capability of module  400 . Secure elements are handled as discussed in  FIGS. 3A and 3B . 
       FIG. 5  is a view of a module of the present invention interacting with another wireless point of sale credit card transaction device to perform an MST wireless credit card transaction according to one embodiment of the invention. 
     Module  501  of  FIG. 5  is enabled for NFC, BLE and MST wireless communication. NFC is enabled via NFC transceiver  5010  and coil  502 . BLE is enabled through BLE transceiver  508  and coil  504 , and MST is enabled through MST transceiver  5008  and coil  505 . The NFC frequencies transmitted and received are shown as element  5002 , The MST wireless frequencies transmitted and received are shown as element  5001  and the BLE wireless frequencies transmitted and received are shown as element  5003 . Module also has a host MCU  507 , a battery  506  charged via inductive charging element  5009  and inductive charging coil  503 . 
     The POS according to this embodiment of the invention is shown as element  509 . POS  509  has MST and NFC wireless credit card transaction capability as well as the standard magnetic strip sliding through slot  513  of POS  509 . Element  511  shows the NFC wave area of the POS  509 . POS  509  is also enabled with a smart chip insertion slot  514  for transactions with smart EMV chip cards. 
     In this embodiment of the invention the smart phone or personal digital assistant with module  501  affixed is shown as element  500 . In this embodiment the user of element  500  chooses to perform an MST wireless credit card transaction with his combination device. His smartphone alone will not allow him to perform an MST transaction on its own. In this embodiment NFC capability of POS  509  is out of order and the user has no physical credit cards on his person to perform a standard transaction thus necessitating the MST transaction. 
     In this embodiment the user chooses his card on a credit card or wallet software application  604 , as seen in  FIG. 6 , resident on the smartphone  5000  of  FIG. 5 or 601  of  FIG. 6 . Secure elements of the transaction are handled according to prior discussion in  FIGS. 3A and 3B . Once the user&#39;s Visa™ card is chose n application  602  initiates a wireless credit card transaction by communicating the necessary information via BLE to module  501 . Module  501  handles the secure elements of the transaction according to discussion in  FIGS. 3A and 3B  and then sends the appropriate MST signal to emulate the credit card the user has chosen on application  602 . POS  509  receives the signal and performs the appropriate functions and communicates the necessary information back to module  501 . Module  501  then sends the completed transaction information to the application  602  resident on smartphone  5000  via BLE. The transaction is now complete. 
       FIG. 6  is another example of an MST transaction taking place according to one embodiment of the invention and includes credit card or wallet software  604  residing on the device  601  to which module  609  is affixed. In this embodiment user has a smartphone  601  with software application  604  residing on the phone. Smartphone  601  is also enabled with BLE wireless transceiving capability element  603 . Module  609  is shown in high level as more detail was previously discussed. Module  609  enjoys all of the capability discussed in the entire specification and related drawings. Element  605  shows MST wireless capability of module  609 . Element  606  shows NFC wireless capability of module  609 . Element  607  shows BLE wireless capability of module  609  and element  608  shows wireless inductive charging capability of module  609 . A POS  613  is also shown enabled with MST technology. 
     In this embodiment a user of phone  601  utilizes software application  604  to choose a credit card (date set  602  (Visa)) he would like to use to make a wireless credit card transaction using his module  609  in concert with his smart phone. User selects visa card  602  and a transaction is initiated. Software application, through the BLE capability of smartphone  601 , communicates the desired transaction to module  609 . Module  609  handles secure element aspects of the transaction by communication between the software app and the module  609  (and the cloud if necessary through the smartphone BLE) according to the discussion referring to  FIGS. 3A and 3B . Module  609  sends a magnetic secure transmission signal to POS  613 . POS  613  is enabled with MST capability represented by element  610 . POS Elements  611  and  612  are not needed in this embodiment. POS  613  completes the transaction by communicating with module  609 . Module  609  then communicates the resulting transaction to software application  604  on smartphone  601  thereby completing the MST transaction. 
       FIG. 7  is an illustration of 2 instances of 2 smartphones  701  and  702  with modules  704  and  712  affixed respectively. Both phones are running a credit card or smart wallet software applications. A first phone  701  is enabled several credit card choices  721 ,  722  and  723  for use in credit card transactions. A second phone  702  is also enabled several credit card choices  718 ,  719  and  720  for use in credit card transactions. Modules  704  and  712  are both enabled with two kinds of wireless credit card technologies, NFC and MST. Both modules  704  and  712  are able to communicate with their respective smart phone devices via BLE. In module  704  NFC is shown enabled via element  705  (small partial circles indicate wireless transmission and receiving capabilities). MST is shown enabled via element  706 . BLE is shown enabled via element  707 . Element  708  is an inductive charging coil. In module  712  NFC is shown enabled via element  713 . MST is shown enabled via element  715 . BLE is shown enabled via element  714 . Element  716  is an inductive charging coil. 
     In one embodiment user 1 and user 2, old buddies, decide to go shopping at the mall. User 1 decides he wants to borrow some funds from user 2 to put on his credit card application so he can get some things from Victoria Secret for his girlfriend. In one embodiment of the present invention one family member or friend may borrow funds from another&#39;s credit card or wallet application in much the same way that protected information providers  320  of  FIG. 3B  work with other protected information authorizing funds for transfer between smartphone applications. User one transfers funds to user 2 for the purchase through the modules affixed to the back of their phones. Using modalities discussed in  FIG. 3  and throughout the specification. 
       FIG. 8  shows the front smart phone  801  with smart wallet application running on smartphone. Element  803  indicates the native wireless capability of smartphone  801 . Card indicia  802  can be seen on the front of smartphone  801 . 
     The back of smartphone  801  shows an electronics module  809 . Module  809  is enabled with NFC  806 , MST  805 , BLE  807  and inductive charging capability. Module  809  also has all of the capability discussed within the  4  corners of this specification. As discussed before smartphone  801  with module  809  attached can perform credit card transactions with NFC, MST and by magnetic stripe which MST emulates. The special part about this embodiment is the smart wallet software is also in the cloud and has been configured by the user to hold all of their financial accounts very securely. In one embodiment the user has set a hierarchy of financial accounts that he usually uses. In this embodiment his top couple of cards can be displayed on the POS touch screen and the user can simply tap the one he wants to use and the transaction can proceed without the standard method of tapping or swiping cards. The POS system can identify him by the interrogation apparatus POS  813  via the wireless module  809 . Alternatively the user can select a card from his screen for the transaction to proceed via NFC, MST. 
       FIG. 9  shows how module  901  can work with coils  908 ,  909 ,  910  and  911  to glean energy to charge the battery of a module of the invention and how a debt or credit smartcard may be charged by gleaning energy from the surrounding EMF waves or from the use of a smartphone that is in resident in the case such as case  912  of  FIG. 9 . which contains a smartphone 
     Module  900  is an electronics package that may be affixed to a smartphone, a smartphone case or built into a smartphone case. The purpose of module  900  is to give a smartphone user capability he normally would not have using a smartphone out of the box such as NFC transaction capability. Module  900  contains an electronics package  902  including but not limited to an NFC transceiver chip  904 , a Bluetooth wireless capability  905 , a rechargeable battery  906 , MCU  907  and various coils handling NFC, inductive charging, bluetooth communication and MST transaction capability. These coils may also be used to do other tasks sent from controller  909   
     Another use of module  900  is to repurpose coils  908 - 911  these coils, controlled by MCU  907 , can be used to glean energy from the environment or from the use of the smartphone itself to inductively recharge battery  906 . An MCU is short for microcontroller unit which is a small computer on a single integrated circuit. In modern terminology, it is a system on a chip or SoC. A microcontroller contains one or more CPUs (processor cores) along with memory and programmable input/output peripherals. The MCU on Module  300  is a multipurpose MCU and controls certain functionality within module  300  such as battery charging, BLE two way communications with a smartphone application, MST implementation and NFC capability as well as controlling coils for sensing and gleaning energy from the environment and controlling inductive charging of smartcard and or module. 
     Smartphone case  912  contains a smartphone  918  as well as all of the functionality of module  900  as it is spoken of here and throughout this specification. In this embodiment the module  913  is either built into the case  912  or affixed in any other manner suitable for the purposes discussed. Elements  916  and  917  are physical contacts in which the smartcard  915  may interact with to perform recharging of battery  906 . Smart card  915  may slide into a slot made in the case for this purpose. Module  913  may also contain charging contacts in other embodiments wherein they are designed to charge module after sliding into a charger 
     In one embodiment there is a plethora of electromagnetic signals surrounding all of us at all times. The controller of the invention can sense electromagnetic magnetic energy by sensing its frequency and adjusting the receiving coils using smart power management and rapid resonant matching technologies rapidly adjust receiving coils to match the surrounding environs. EMF  919  are within range of smartphone case and phone within. Module  913 , built into case, senses these EMF frequencies, direction, strength, frequency etc. . . . based on this smart receiving technology the module  913  can adjust itself to glean as much energy as can based on these various factors. Power is rectified through the supplied circuitry (not shown) and stored in the rechargeable battery of the smart module  913  or is sent straight to the smartcard  914  based on smart power management technology. 
     In the above embodiment the power is collected in the battery of the module  913  and later trickled to a smartcard debit or credit card to top up the charge of the smartcard. In this embodiment the roles are reversed and the module becomes the transmitter (primary coils) and the smartcard becomes the receiver (secondary coil). In this way the smartcard remains charged enough to perform the next financial transaction. 
     In one embodiment the EMF  920  is coming from the smartphone  918  in the smart case  912 . This is sensed by module  913 . Module  913  recognizes this EMF as it has a pattern and frequency that module  913  is familiar with. Module  913  acts as secondary coil and receives energy transmitted my smartphone  918  in smart case  912  to module  913  to be processed and rectified and stored either in module battery  906 , smartphone battery via induction or the smartcard battery  922  via induction coil  921  or contacts or either the smartphone battery  922  or module battery  906 .