Patent Publication Number: US-2023156265-A1

Title: Method and apparatus for synchronizing audio and video signals of multimedia content

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a Bypass Continuation application of International Application No. PCT/KR2022/000922, which was filed on Jan. 18, 2022, and is based on and claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2021-0007010, which was filed in the Korean Intellectual Property Office on Jan. 18, 2021, the entire disclosure of each of which is incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     1. Field 
     The disclosure relates generally to a method and an electronic device for synchronizing an audio signal and a video signal of multimedia content. 
     2. Description of Related Art 
     An electronic device may exchange data with an external electronic device through short-range wireless communication (e.g., Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or near-field communication (NFC)) even though not physically connected to the external electronic device. An electronic device may transmit multimedia content being played on the electronic device to an external electronic device to which the electronic device has established a connection for communication, and then play the multimedia data on external electronic device using wireless communication. 
     When an electronic device and an external electronic device are wirelessly connected, an audio signal of multimedia content being played in the external electronic device may have a delay relative to a video signal of the multimedia content in encoding, transmission, reception, and decoding processes. The delay may cause a mismatch between an audio output and a video output of the multimedia content played on the external electronic device, degrading a user viewing experience. 
     SUMMARY 
     The disclosure has been made to address at least the above-mentioned problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described below. 
     An aspect of the disclosure is to synchronize an audio signal and a video signal of multimedia content played through an external electronic device, thereby preventing a mismatch between an audio output and a video output. 
     Another aspect of the disclosure is to provide an electronic device and method thereof that synchronize audio and video signals according to a synchronization value optimized for multimedia content being played, thereby improving usability of an application by a user. 
     Another aspect of the disclosure is to provide an electronic device and method thereof that provide a synchronization value of multimedia content in consideration of auditory characteristics of a user, thereby improving usability of an application by the user. 
     Another aspect of the disclosure is to provide an electronic device and method thereof that output a user interface (UI) to a display without overlapping multimedia content being played, thereby improving user convenience. 
     Another aspect of the disclosure is to provide an electronic device and method thereof, wherein after synchronizing an audio signal and a video signal of multimedia content, a playback time of the multimedia content may be returned to a time when a user was watching, thereby improving user convenience. 
     In accordance with an aspect of the disclosure, an electronic device is provided, which includes a display and at least one processor configured to execute an application, play multimedia content through the application, obtain information associated with playing multimedia content, identify a synchronization parameter for synchronizing audio and video signals of the multimedia content, based on the obtained information, output a UI generated based on the obtained information and the synchronization parameter to the display, and synchronize the audio signal and the video signal based on a user input to the UI. 
     In accordance with another aspect of the disclosure, an operating method is provided for an electronic device including a display. The method includes executing an application, playing multimedia content through the application, obtaining information associated with playing the multimedia content, identifying a synchronization parameter for synchronizing an audio signal and a video signal of the multimedia content, based on the obtained information, outputting a UT generated based on the obtained information and the synchronization parameter to the display, and synchronizing the audio and video signals, based on a user input to the UI. 
     In accordance with another aspect of the disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium is provided, which stores instructions which, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to executing an application, playing multimedia content through the application, obtaining information associated with playing the multimedia content, identifying a synchronization parameter for synchronizing an audio signal and a video signal of the multimedia content, based on the obtained information, outputting a UI generated based on the obtained information and the synchronization parameter to the display, and synchronizing the audio signal and the video signal based on a user input to the UI. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The above and other aspects, features, and advantages of certain embodiments of the disclosure will be more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: 
         FIG.  1    illustrates an electronic device in a network environment according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  2    illustrates of an audio-video sync (AVS) system of an electronic device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  3    is a flowchart illustrating a method for synchronizing an audio signal and a video signal of multimedia content in an AVS service according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  4    is a flowchart illustrating a method for obtaining information associated with multimedia content according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  5    is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining an initial value of a synchronization parameter and changing the synchronization parameter, based on a user input, according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  6    illustrates an AVS service using an audio-video synchronization database (AVSDB) according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  7    illustrates AVSDB tables according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  8    is a flowchart illustrating a method for updating a special content table according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  9    illustrates updating a special content table according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  10    is a flowchart illustrating a method for updating an audio device table and a player information table according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  11    is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining a recommended synchronization value and synchronizing an audio signal and a video signal of multimedia content according to the recommended synchronization value according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  12    illustrates a simulator for determining a recommended synchronization value according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  13    illustrates updating an audio device table and a player table after determining a recommended synchronization value according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  14    is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining a synchronization parameter according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  15    illustrates displaying a synchronization parameter on a UI using an AVSDB according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  16    illustrates a method for outputting a UI on a display according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  17    illustrates outputting a UI on a display according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  18    illustrates a UI on a display according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  19    illustrates a position of a synchronization control point and a time of multimedia content according to synchronization with respect to a UI according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  20    is a signal flow diagram illustrating communication between an AVS application and an audio-video synchronization manager (AVSM) according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  21    is a signal flow diagram illustrating an operation of synchronizing audio and video signals of multimedia content played in a media application according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  22    illustrates UIs in which a synchronization parameter is displayed according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  23    illustrates a synchronization parameter displayed on a UI being changed based on a synchronization value according to a user input according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  24    illustrates synchronizing an audio signal and a video signal of multimedia content using a UT in which a plurality of recommended synchronization values are displayed according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  25    illustrates an AVS application that provides a guide image for synchronization of an audio signal and a video signal according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  26    illustrates recommending a synchronization parameter, based on an age group, according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  27    illustrates a UI displaying a synchronization parameter according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  28    illustrates connection of a first electronic device and a second electronic device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  29    illustrates a first electronic device and a second electronic device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  30    is a signal flow diagram illustrating a method of synchronizing an audio signal and a video signal in a first electronic device and a second electronic device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  31    illustrates connection of a first electronic device and a second electronic device according to an embodiment; and 
         FIG.  32    illustrates a method for synchronizing an audio signal by an AVS between a first electronic device and a second electronic device according to an embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Hereinafter, various embodiments of the disclosure will be described with reference to the attached drawings. However, these embodiments are not intended to limit the disclosure to specific embodiments but construed as including various modifications, equivalents, or alternatives of the embodiments of the disclosure. 
       FIG.  1    illustrates an electronic device  101  in a network environment  100  according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  1   , an electronic device  101  in a network environment  100  may communicate with an electronic device  102  via a first network  198  (e.g., a short-range wireless communication network), or at least one of an electronic device  104  or a server  108  via a second network  199  (e.g., a long-range wireless communication network). According to an embodiment, the electronic device  101  may communicate with the electronic device  104  via the server  108 . According to an embodiment, the electronic device  101  may include a processor  120 , memory  130 , an input module  150 , a sound output module  155 , a display module  160 , an audio module  170 , a sensor module  176 , an interface  177 , a connecting terminal  178 , a haptic module  179 , a camera module  180 , a power management module  188 , a battery  189 , a communication module  190 , a subscriber identification module (SIM)  196 , or an antenna module  197 . In some embodiments, at least one of the components (e.g., the connecting terminal  178 ) may be omitted from the electronic device  101 , or one or more other components may be added in the electronic device  101 . In some embodiments, some of the components (e.g., the sensor module  176 , the camera module  180 , or the antenna module  197 ) may be implemented as a single component (e.g., the display module  160 ). 
     The processor  120  may execute, for example, software (e.g., a program  140 ) to control at least one other component (e.g., a hardware or software component) of the electronic device  101  coupled with the processor  120 , and may perform various data processing or computation. According to one embodiment, as at least part of the data processing or computation, the processor  120  may store a command or data received from another component (e.g., the sensor module  176  or the communication module  190 ) in volatile memory  132 , process the command or the data stored in the volatile memory  132 , and store resulting data in non-volatile memory  134 . According to an embodiment, the processor  120  may include a main processor  121  (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU) or an application processor (AP)), or an auxiliary processor  123  (e.g., a graphics processing unit (GPU), a neural processing unit (NPU), an image signal processor (ISP), a sensor hub processor, or a communication processor (CP)) that is operable independently from, or in conjunction with, the main processor  121 . For example, when the electronic device  101  includes the main processor  121  and the auxiliary processor  123 , the auxiliary processor  123  may be adapted to consume less power than the main processor  121 , or to be specific to a specified function. The auxiliary processor  123  may be implemented as separate from, or as part of the main processor  121 . 
     The auxiliary processor  123  may control at least some of functions or states related to at least one component (e.g., the display module  160 , the sensor module  176 , or the communication module  190 ) among the components of the electronic device  101 , instead of the main processor  121  while the main processor  121  is in an inactive (e.g., sleep) state, or together with the main processor  121  while the main processor  121  is in an active state (e.g., executing an application). According to an embodiment, the auxiliary processor  123  (e.g., an image signal processor or a communication processor) may be implemented as part of another component (e.g., the camera module  180  or the communication module  190 ) functionally related to the auxiliary processor  123 . According to an embodiment, the auxiliary processor  123  (e.g., the neural processing unit) may include a hardware structure specified for artificial intelligence model processing. An artificial intelligence model may be generated by machine learning. Such learning may be performed, e.g., by the electronic device  101  where the artificial intelligence is performed or via a separate server (e.g., the server  108 ). Learning algorithms may include, but are not limited to, e.g., supervised learning, unsupervised learning, semi-supervised learning, or reinforcement learning. The artificial intelligence model may include a plurality of artificial neural network layers. The artificial neural network may be a deep neural network (DNN), a convolutional neural network (CNN), a recurrent neural network (RNN), a restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), a deep belief network (DBN), a bidirectional recurrent deep neural network (BRDNN), deep Q-network, or a combination of two or more thereof but is not limited thereto. The artificial intelligence model may, additionally or alternatively, include a software structure other than the hardware structure. 
     The memory  130  may store various data used by at least one component (e.g., the processor  120  or the sensor module  176 ) of the electronic device  101 . The various data may include, for example, software (e.g., the program  140 ) and input data or output data for a command related thereto. The memory  130  may include the volatile memory  132  or the non-volatile memory  134 . 
     The program  140  may be stored in the memory  130  as software, and may include, for example, an operating system (OS)  142 , middleware  144 , or an application  146 . 
     The input module  150  may receive a command or data to be used by another component (e.g., the processor  120 ) of the electronic device  101 , from the outside (e.g., a user) of the electronic device  101 . The input module  150  may include, for example, a microphone, a mouse, a keyboard, a key (e.g., a button), or a digital pen (e.g., a stylus pen). 
     The sound output module  155  may output sound signals to the outside of the electronic device  101 . The sound output module  155  may include, for example, a speaker or a receiver. The speaker may be used for general purposes, such as playing multimedia or playing record. The receiver may be used for receiving incoming calls. According to an embodiment, the receiver may be implemented as separate from, or as part of the speaker. 
     The display module  160  may visually provide information to the outside (e.g., a user) of the electronic device  101 . The display module  160  may include, for example, a display, a hologram device, or a projector and control circuitry to control a corresponding one of the display, hologram device, and projector. According to an embodiment, the display module  160  may include a touch sensor adapted to detect a touch, or a pressure sensor adapted to measure the intensity of force incurred by the touch. 
     The audio module  170  may convert a sound into an electrical signal and vice versa. According to an embodiment, the audio module  170  may obtain the sound via the input module  150 , or output the sound via the sound output module  155  or a headphone of an external electronic device (e.g., an electronic device  102 ) directly (e.g., wiredly) or wirelessly coupled with the electronic device  101 . 
     The sensor module  176  may detect an operational state (e.g., power or temperature) of the electronic device  101  or an environmental state (e.g., a state of a user) external to the electronic device  101 , and then generate an electrical signal or data value corresponding to the detected state. According to an embodiment, the sensor module  176  may include, for example, a gesture sensor, a gyro sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an acceleration sensor, a grip sensor, a proximity sensor, a color sensor, an infrared (IR) sensor, a biometric sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, or an illuminance sensor. 
     The interface  177  may support one or more specified protocols to be used for the electronic device  101  to be coupled with the external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  102 ) directly (e.g., wiredly) or wirelessly. According to an embodiment, the interface  177  may include, for example, a high definition multimedia interface (HDMI), a universal serial bus (USB) interface, a secure digital (SD) card interface, or an audio interface. 
     A connecting terminal  178  may include a connector via which the electronic device  101  may be physically connected with the external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  102 ). According to an embodiment, the connecting terminal  178  may include, for example, an HDMI connector, a USB connector, an SD card connector, or an audio connector (e.g., a headphone connector). 
     The haptic module  179  may convert an electrical signal into a mechanical stimulus (e.g., a vibration or a movement) or electrical stimulus which may be recognized by a user via his tactile sensation or kinesthetic sensation. According to an embodiment, the haptic module  179  may include, for example, a motor, a piezoelectric element, or an electric stimulator. 
     The camera module  180  may capture a still image or moving images. According to an embodiment, the camera module  180  may include one or more lenses, image sensors, image signal processors, or flashes. 
     The power management module  188  may manage power supplied to the electronic device  101 . According to one embodiment, the power management module  188  may be implemented as at least part of, for example, a power management integrated circuit (PMIC). 
     The battery  189  may supply power to at least one component of the electronic device  101 . According to an embodiment, the battery  189  may include, for example, a primary cell which is not rechargeable, a secondary cell which is rechargeable, or a fuel cell. 
     The communication module  190  may support establishing a direct (e.g., wired) communication channel or a wireless communication channel between the electronic device  101  and the external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  102 , the electronic device  104 , or the server  108 ) and performing communication via the established communication channel. The communication module  190  may include one or more communication processors that are operable independently from the processor  120  (e.g., the application processor (AP)) and supports a direct (e.g., wired) communication or a wireless communication. According to an embodiment, the communication module  190  may include a wireless communication module  192  (e.g., a cellular communication module, a short-range wireless communication module, or a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) communication module) or a wired communication module  194  (e.g., a local area network (LAN) communication module or a power line communication (PLC) module). A corresponding one of these communication modules may communicate with the external electronic device via the first network  198  (e.g., a short-range communication network, such as Bluetooth™, wireless-fidelity (Wi-Fi) direct, or infrared data association (IrDA)) or the second network  199  (e.g., a long-range communication network, such as a legacy cellular network, a 5 th  generation (5G) network, a next-generation communication network, the Internet, or a computer network (e.g., LAN or wide area network (WAN)). These various types of communication modules may be implemented as a single component (e.g., a single chip), or may be implemented as multi components (e.g., multi chips) separate from each other. The wireless communication module  192  may identify and authenticate the electronic device  101  in a communication network, such as the first network  198  or the second network  199 , using subscriber information (e.g., international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI)) stored in the subscriber identification module  196 . 
     The wireless communication module  192  may support a 5G network, after a 4 th  generation (4G) network, and next-generation communication technology, e.g., new radio (NR) access technology. The NR access technology may support enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine type communications (mMTC), or ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC). The wireless communication module  192  may support a high-frequency band (e.g., the mmWave band) to achieve, e.g., a high data transmission rate. The wireless communication module  192  may support various technologies for securing performance on a high-frequency band, such as, e.g., beamforming, massive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO), full dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antenna, analog beam-forming, or large scale antenna. 
     The wireless communication module  192  may support various requirements specified in the electronic device  101 , an external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  104 ), or a network system (e.g., the second network  199 ). According to an embodiment, the wireless communication module  192  may support a peak data rate (e.g., Gbps or more) for implementing eMBB, loss coverage (e.g., 164 dB or less) for implementing mMTC, or U-plane latency (e.g., 0.5 ms or less for each of downlink (DL) and uplink (UL), or a round trip of 1 ms or less) for implementing URLLC. 
     The antenna module  197  may transmit or receive a signal or power to or from the outside (e.g., the external electronic device) of the electronic device  101 . According to an embodiment, the antenna module  197  may include an antenna including a radiating element composed of a conductive material or a conductive pattern formed in or on a substrate (e.g., a printed circuit board (PCB)). According to an embodiment, the antenna module  197  may include a plurality of antennas (e.g., array antennas). In such a case, at least one antenna appropriate for a communication scheme used in the communication network, such as the first network  198  or the second network  199 , may be selected, for example, by the communication module  190  (e.g., the wireless communication module  192 ) from the plurality of antennas. The signal or the power may then be transmitted or received between the communication module  190  and the external electronic device via the selected at least one antenna. 
     According to an embodiment, another component (e.g., a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC)) other than the radiating element may be additionally formed as part of the antenna module  197 . 
     According to various embodiments, the antenna module  197  may form a mmWave antenna module. According to an embodiment, the mmWave antenna module may include a printed circuit board, a RFIC disposed on a first surface (e.g., the bottom surface) of the printed circuit board, or adjacent to the first surface and capable of supporting a designated high-frequency band (e.g., the mmWave band), and a plurality of antennas (e.g., array antennas) disposed on a second surface (e.g., the top or a side surface) of the printed circuit board, or adjacent to the second surface and capable of transmitting or receiving signals of the designated high-frequency band. 
     At least some of the above-described components may be coupled mutually and communicate signals (e.g., commands or data) therebetween via an inter-peripheral communication scheme (e.g., a bus, general purpose input and output (GPIO), serial peripheral interface (SPI), or mobile industry processor interface (MIPI)). 
     According to an embodiment, commands or data may be transmitted or received between the electronic device  101  and the external electronic device  104  via the server  108  coupled with the second network  199 . Each of the electronic devices  102  or  104  may be a device of a same type as, or a different type, from the electronic device  101 . According to an embodiment, all or some of operations to be executed at the electronic device  101  may be executed at one or more of the external electronic devices  102 ,  104 , or  108 . For example, if the electronic device  101  should perform a function or a service automatically, or in response to a request from a user or another device, the electronic device  101 , instead of, or in addition to, executing the function or the service, may request the one or more external electronic devices to perform at least part of the function or the service. The one or more external electronic devices receiving the request may perform the at least part of the function or the service requested, or an additional function or an additional service related to the request, and transfer an outcome of the performing to the electronic device  101 . The electronic device  101  may provide the outcome, with or without further processing of the outcome, as at least part of a reply to the request. To that end, a cloud computing, distributed computing, mobile edge computing (MEC), or client-server computing technology may be used, for example. The electronic device  101  may provide ultra low-latency services using, e.g., distributed computing or mobile edge computing. In another embodiment, the external electronic device  104  may include an internet-of-things (IoT) device. The server  108  may be an intelligent server using machine learning and/or a neural network. According to an embodiment, the external electronic device  104  or the server  108  may be included in the second network  199 . The electronic device  101  may be applied to intelligent services (e.g., smart home, smart city, smart car, or healthcare) based on 5G communication technology or IoT-related technology. 
       FIG.  2    illustrates an AVS system of an electronic device  101  according to an embodiment. For example, the AVS system of  FIG.  2    may be construed as a multimedia content playback environment realized using hardware and/or software in the electronic device  101  of  FIG.  1   . 
     Referring to  FIG.  2   , in an embodiment, A processor  120  may execute a media application  201  for playing multimedia content in response to a user input. In an embodiment, the processor  120  may play multimedia content through the media application  201 . 
     According to an embodiment, an audio/video renderer  202  may render an image of multimedia content to be output to a display of the electronic device  101 , based on image data of the multimedia content. For example, the processor  120  may form a first surface as a kind of drawing space for image rendering. In one example, the audio/video renderer  202  may render an image of multimedia content on the first surface. The audio/video renderer  202  may transmit the first surface including the rendered image to a surface flinger  204 . 
     According to an embodiment, a view system  203  may include a hierarchical structure (e.g., a tree structure or a list structure) including views. According to an embodiment, a view may refer to a configuration on a screen output through the display of the electronic device  101 . In an embodiment, the processor  120  may form a second surface for drawing a user interface of the media application in response to execution of the media application  201 . The processor  120  may form a view (e.g., text or an image) on the second surface according to the hierarchical view structure (e.g., a tree structure) of the view system  203 . 
     According to an embodiment, a surface flinger  204  may synthesize at least one or more surfaces transmitted from the audio/video renderer  202  and/or the view system  203 . For example, the surface flinger  204  may synthesize the first surface transmitted from the audio/video renderer  202  and the second surface transmitted from the view system  203 . In an embodiment, the synthesized surfaces may be transmitted to a display driver integrated circuit (DDI) controller  205 . In an embodiment, the display driver integrated circuit (DDI) controller  205  may control a display panel  206  to output the transmitted surfaces to the display panel  206 . 
     According to an embodiment, the audio/video renderer  202  may render an audio of the multimedia content to be output to an audio device  214  (e.g., a speaker) of the electronic device  101 , based on decoded audio data about the multimedia content. In an embodiment, a rendered audio signal may be transmitted to an audio flinger  210  via an audio track  207 . 
     In an embodiment, the processor  120  may execute an audio-video synchronization (AVS) application  208  in response to a user input for playback of the multimedia content. In an embodiment, an audio manager  209  may provide a user interface for accessing an audio service to a user. Further, the audio manager  209  may transmit a user input through the AVS application  208  to the audio flinger  210 . For example, when there is a user input for synchronizing audio and video signals of the multimedia content through the AVS application  208 , the audio manager  209  may transmit the user input to the audio flinger  210 . 
     In an embodiment, the audio flinger  210  may apply a sound effect to the audio signal transmitted from the audio track  207 . In an embodiment, in the AVS service  211 , the processor  120  may synchronize an audio signal and a video signal of the multimedia content. The audio signal may be transmitted to an audio hardware abstraction layer (HAL)  212  through the AVS service  211 . The audio HAL  212  may control an audio driver  213  to output the audio signal to the audio device  214  (e.g., the speaker). 
       FIG.  3    is a flowchart illustrating a method for synchronizing an audio signal and a video signal of multimedia content in an AVS service according to an embodiment.  FIG.  3    may correspond to operations of the AVS service  211  of  FIG.  2   . 
     Referring to  FIG.  3   , in step  301 , an electronic device, e.g., a processor  120  according to an embodiment may execute a media application. For example, the processor  120  may identify a user input for an icon of the media application, and may execute the media application in response to this identification. In an embodiment, the processor  120  may display an execution screen of the media application on an area of a display. 
     In step  303 , the processor  120  may play multimedia content. For example, the processor  120  may identify a user input for a play button in a user interface of the media application, and may play the multimedia content in response to the user input. 
     In step  305 , the processor  120  may obtain information associated with playback of the multimedia content. For example, the processor  120  may obtain information associated with the playback of the multimedia content from a memory  130 . In another example, the processor  120  may obtain information associated with the playback of the multimedia content from an external server. 
     In an embodiment, the information associated with the playback of the multimedia content may include information about an external electronic device, information about the media application, and/or information about the multimedia content. In an embodiment, the information about the external electronic device may include the type of the external electronic device (e.g., a car or an augmented reality (AR) glasses) and/or an address of the external electronic device with which the electronic device  101  establishes a connection for communication. The information about the media application may include information on the type of the media application. The information about the multimedia content may include the type of the played multimedia content and/or a synchronization value for synchronizing an audio signal and a video signal when the specified multimedia content is played. 
     Table 1 shows examples of a file extension, a container format, a video coding format, and an audio coding format according to the type (or name) of multimedia content. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 File 
                 Container 
                 Video coding 
                 Audio coding 
               
               
                 Name 
                 extension 
                 format 
                 format 
                 format 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 WebM 
                 .webm 
                 Matroska 
                 VP8, VP9, AV1 
                 Vorbis, Opus 
               
               
                 VOB 
                 .vob 
                 VOB 
                 H.262/MPEG-2 
                 Pulse code 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 part 2 or MPEG-1 
                 modulation, DTS, 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 MPEG-1, Audio 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Layer II (MP2), or 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dolby Digital (AC-3) 
               
               
                 SVI 
                 .svi 
                 MPEG-4 
                 — 
                 — 
               
               
                   
                   
                 using 
               
               
                   
                   
                 special 
               
               
                   
                   
                 header 
               
               
                 ROQ 
                 .roq 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
               
               
                 RMVB 
                 .rmvb 
                 RMVB 
                 Real Video 
                 Real Audio 
               
               
                 (RMVB) 
               
               
                 QuickTime 
                 .mov, 
                 QuickTime 
                 Multiple 
                 AAC, MP3, etc. 
               
               
                 File Format 
                 .qt 
               
               
                 Ogg Video 
                 .ogv, 
                 Ogg 
                 Theora, Dirac 
                 Vorbis, FLAC 
               
               
                   
                 .ogg 
               
               
                 MXF 
                 .mxf 
                 MXF 
                 — 
                 — 
               
               
                 (MXF) 
               
               
                 MPEG-4 
                 .mp4, 
                 MPEG-4 
                 H.264/MPEG-4 
                 Advanced Audio 
               
               
                 Part 14 
                 .m4p 
                 Part 12 
                 AVC, MPEG-4 
                 Coding, MP3, etc. 
               
               
                 (MP4) 
                 with DRM), 
                   
                 MPEG-1 
               
               
                   
                 .m4v 
               
               
                 MPEG-2- 
                 .mpg, .mpe 
                 — 
                 H.262/MPEG-2 
                 AAC, MP3, MPEG-2 
               
               
                 Video 
                 g, .m2v 
                   
                 Part 2 
                 Part 3, etc. 
               
               
                 MPEG-1 
                 .mpg, 
                 MPEG-1 
                 MPEG-1 Part 2 
                 MPEG-1 Audio Layer 
               
               
                   
                 .mp2, 
                 Part 1 
                   
                 I, MPEG-1 Audio 
               
               
                   
                 .mpeg, 
                   
                   
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     However, the information associated with the playback of the multimedia content is not limited to the information about the external electronic device, the information about the media application, and the information about the multimedia content illustrated above, but may include various types of information available to synchronize the audio signal and the video signal of the multimedia content. 
     In step  307 , the processor  120  may identify a synchronization parameter between the audio signal and the video signal of the multimedia content, based on the information associated with the playback of the multimedia content obtained in step  305 . In an embodiment, the synchronization parameter may include a synchronization range (e.g., a synchronization minimum value and a synchronization maximum value), a predetermined recommended synchronization value, and/or a synchronization gap. 
     In step  309 , the processor  120  may output a user interface generated based on the synchronization parameter identified in step  307 , on a display of the electronic device  101 . In an embodiment, the user interface may include a control bar, and the control bar may include the synchronization range, the predetermined recommended synchronization value, and/or the synchronization gap. 
     According to another embodiment, the user interface may have various forms. For example, when the user interface has a circular shape, the synchronization range and/or the synchronization gap may be displayed along the edge of the circular shape, and the predetermined recommended synchronization value may be displayed in the center of the circular shape. 
     In step  311 , the processor  120  may synchronize the audio signal and the video signal of the multimedia content in response to a user input to the user interface. For example, the user interface output to the display of the electronic device  101  may include a control bar. In one example, the user may move a synchronization control point positioned at a first point of the control bar to a second point. Accordingly, the processor  120  may change the video signal of the multimedia content from a first time point corresponding to the first point to a second time point corresponding to the second point. The processor  120  may synchronize the audio signal and the video signal of the multimedia content, based on the second time point. 
       FIG.  4    is a flowchart illustrating a method for obtaining information associated with multimedia content according to an embodiment. For example, the method of  FIG.  4    may correspond to step  303  of  FIG.  3   . 
     Referring to  FIG.  4   , in step  401 , a processor  120  may determine whether the electronic device  101  has been connected to an external electronic device. For example, the processor  120  may determine whether the electronic device  101  establishes a wireless communication channel with the external electronic device through a communication module  190  of the electronic device  101 . 
     According to an embodiment, when it is determined that the electronic device  101  has been connected to the external electronic device in step  401 , the processor  120  may obtain information about the external electronic device, multimedia content, and/or a media application in step  403 . In an embodiment, the processor  120  may obtain the foregoing pieces of information by various method. For example, the processor  120  may obtain the information about the external electronic device, the multimedia content, and/or the media application from a memory  130  of the electronic device  101  or from an external server. In another example, when it is difficult to connect to the external server, the processor  120  may selectively obtain the information from the memory of the electronic device  101 , and when it is easy to connect to the external server, the processor  120  may obtain the information from the external server. 
     According to an embodiment, when it is determined that the electronic device  101  has not been connected to the external electronic device in step  401 , the processor  120  may obtain the information about the multimedia content and/or the media application from the memory  130  of the electronic device  101  or may be obtained from the external server in step  405 . 
       FIG.  5    is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining an initial value of a synchronization parameter and changing the synchronization parameter, based on a user input, according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  5   , steps  501 ,  503 ,  505 ,  509 ,  511 , and  513  may correspond to steps  301 ,  303 ,  305 ,  307 ,  309 , and  311  of  FIG.  3   , respectively, and as such, a repetitive description of these steps will be omitted below. Instead, steps  507 ,  517 , and  515  will be mainly described below. 
     In step  507 , the processor  120  may determine whether there is a synchronization parameter (e.g., a synchronization range, a recommended synchronization value, and a synchronization gap) corresponding to information associated with playback of multimedia content, based on information obtained in step  505 . 
     In an embodiment, when it is determined that there is a synchronization parameter corresponding to the information in step  507 , the processor  120  may perform operation  509 . 
     However, when it is determined that there is no synchronization parameter corresponding to the information in step  507 , the processor  120  may determine an initial synchronization parameter value in step  517 . In an embodiment, the processor  120  may determine the initial synchronization parameter value by performing a simulation or by receiving the initial synchronization parameter value from an external server. 
     In step  515 , the processor  120  may change the synchronization parameter, based on a user input. For example, the processor  120  may output a user interface displaying the synchronization parameter (e.g., the synchronization range, the recommended synchronization value, and the synchronization gap) on a display of the electronic device  101 . In one example, in response to the user input, the processor  120  may synchronize the audio and video signals of the multimedia content, based on a synchronization value different from the recommended synchronization value displayed on the user interface. Accordingly, the processor  120  may change the recommended synchronization value, based on the synchronization value according to the user input that is different from the recommended synchronization value. The processor  120  may provide the recommended synchronization value changed according to the user input when a different user plays substantially the same multimedia content. For example, the processor  120  may transmit the changed recommended synchronization value to the external server. 
     The external server may store the obtained recommended synchronization value, and may transmit the stored recommended synchronization value to an electronic device of the different user when the different user plays substantially the same multimedia content. For example, a case where the external server transmits the recommended synchronization value may refer to a case where the different user uses an external electronic device substantially the same as the electronic device  101  of the user and a media application substantially the same as the electronic device  101 . However, the case may refer to a case in which a similar external device and a similar media application are used, without being limited to the foregoing case. In another example, the processor  120  may provide the changed recommended synchronization value to an electronic device of a different user that executes substantially the same multimedia content through an electronic device-to-device method without going through the external server. 
       FIG.  6    illustrates an AVS service using an AVSDB according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  6   , a memory  130  may include an audio-video synchronization database (AVSDB)  613  for an AVS service  211 . In an embodiment, a processor  120  may display a synchronization parameter on a user interface  611 , based on information associated with playback of multimedia content stored in the AVSDB  613 . For example, the processor  120  may display a synchronization range and a recommended synchronization value (e.g., 509 ms) on the user interface  611 , based on the information associated with the playback of the multimedia content. 
     According to an embodiment, in response to a user input to the user interface  611 , the processor  120  may store information about a synchronization value according to the user input in the AVSDB  613  through a UI adapter  612 . For example, a user may designate a synchronization value (e.g., 500 ms) different from the recommended synchronization value (e.g., 509 ms) through the user input to the user interface  611 . In this case, the processor  120  may store information about the synchronization value (e.g., a special content table) according to the user input in the AVSDB  613  through the UI adapter  612 . 
     According to an embodiment, an audio/video renderer  202  may include an audio codec  601 , an audio renderer  602 , a video renderer  603 , and/or a video codec  604 . In an embodiment, the audio renderer  602  may calculate an offset from encoded audio data included in the multimedia content to calculate a part to be subsequently decoded, and may transmit the part to be subsequently decoded to the audio codec  601 . The audio codec  601  may decode data received from the audio renderer  602  and may transmit the data to the audio renderer  602 . In an embodiment, the video codec  604  may decode a video signal of the multimedia content encoded by the video renderer  603 . The video renderer  603  may calculate an offset from encoded video data included in the multimedia content to calculate a part to be subsequently decoded, may transmit the part to be subsequently decoded to the video codec  604 , and may request decoding of the part. In an embodiment, an audio signal decoded by the audio renderer  602  may be transmitted to an audio flinger  210 , and the video signal decoded by the video renderer  603  may be transmitted to a surface flinger  204 . In an embodiment, the audio flinger  210  may transmit a timestamp to the surface flinger  204 , based on the obtained audio signal. 
     According to an embodiment, an audio-video synchronization manager (AVSM)  614  may synchronize the audio signal obtained from the audio flinger  210  with the video signal of the multimedia content, based on a user input. In an embodiment, the AVSM  614  may transmit the synchronized audio signal to an audio HAL  212 . The audio HAL  212  may output the synchronized audio signal to an audio device  214  (e.g., a speaker) through an audio driver  213 . 
       FIG.  7    illustrates AVSDB tables according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  7   , according to an embodiment, the AVSDB  613  may include a play information table (a), an audio device table (b), a player table (c), a special content table (d), and/or an auditory characteristic table (e). 
     According to an embodiment, the play information table (a) may store an identification (ID) (e.g., a device ID) of an external electronic device used to play multimedia content. The play information table may store an ID (e.g., a player ID) of a media application executed when playing the multimedia content. A recommended synchronization value for synchronization of an audio signal and a video signal may be stored in the play information table. The recommended synchronization value may be obtained through a simulation for synchronizing an audio signal and a video signal, or may be a value determined by obtaining a synchronization value most selected by users corresponding to the multimedia content from an external server. In the play information table, a unit (e.g., msec or frame) of a synchronization parameter displayed on a user interface may be displayed. In an embodiment, when synchronizing audio signal and a video signal of multimedia content played in an electronic device  101  without connecting to the external electronic device, the play information table may store an ID of the electronic device  101  instead of the ID of the external electronic device ID. 
     According to an embodiment, various recommended synchronization values may correspond to the ID of the external electronic device and the ID of the media application. For example, even though multimedia content is executed using substantially the same external electronic device and substantially the same media application, a recommended synchronization value may vary according to a configuration of the external electronic device by a user. In an example, when the user configures the external electronic device (e.g., AR glasses) to a low-latency mode and executes multimedia content, a recommended synchronization value (e.g., 503 ms) may be lower than a recommended synchronization value (e.g., 600 ms) in a case other than the low-latency mode. Even though multimedia content is executed using substantially the same external electronic device and substantially the same media application, a recommended synchronization value may vary according to a configuration of the media application by a user. When the user configures the sound quality of the multimedia content to a relatively low value (e.g., 128 kbps) and to a relatively high value (e.g., 320 kbps) through the configuration of the media application, different recommended synchronization values may be employed. 
     According to an embodiment, the audio device table (b) may store the type of an external electronic device (e.g., a Bluetooth headset, a car, or AR glasses) with which the electronic device  101  establishes a connection for communication. 
     The audio device table may store information for identifying the external electronic device. For example, the audio device table may store an address of the external electronic device. The audio device table may store a recommended synchronization value, and the recommended synchronization value stored in the audio device table may correspond to the recommended synchronization value stored in the play information table (a). 
     The audio device table may store a maximum audio latency that refers to a value at which the external electronic device can maximally synchronize an audio signal and a video signal. For example, the electronic device  101  may determine the maximum audio latency, based on information about the external electronic device, and may store the determined maximum audio latency in the audio device table. In one example, the audio latency corresponding to the external electronic device may vary according to the number of external electronic devices connected to the electronic device  101 . For example, when the electronic device  101  is connected to three external electronic devices, the maximum audio latency value of the external electronic devices (e.g., a car) may be 192 ms. In an example, when the number of external electronic devices to which the electronic device  101  is connected varies, the audio latency value (e.g., 192 ms) may vary. 
     According to an embodiment, the player table (c) may store unique information about a media application. The unique information may be formed in various manners. For example, the unique information may be formed by combining a package name and a package version. The player table may store a minimum value and/or a maximum value for synchronization allowable by the media application. The minimum value and/or the maximum value may be unique values of the media application in which multimedia content is played, or may be values changed based on a user input. 
     According to an embodiment, the special content table (d) may store unique information (e.g., a uniform resource locator: (URL)) for identifying multimedia content. The special content table may store an ID (device ID) of an external electronic device and an ID (player ID) of a media application may be stored in the special content table. The ID (device ID) of the external electronic device stored in the special content table may correspond to the ID (device ID) of the external electronic device in the play information table (a). Further, the ID of the media application stored in the special content table may correspond to the ID of the media application in the play information table (a). A synchronization value difference (synchronization value delta) may be stored in the special content table. 
     According to an embodiment, the auditory characteristic table (e) may store an auditory sensitivity level. The auditory sensitivity level may be obtained through an auditory characteristic measurement application. 
       FIG.  8    is a flowchart illustrating a method for updating a special content table according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  8   , in step  801 , a processor  120  may obtain information associated with playback of multimedia content previously stored in a memory  130  and/or an external server. In an embodiment, the previously stored information associated with the playback of the multimedia content may include information about an external electronic device (e.g., an ID list (device ID) of an external electronic device), information about a media application (e.g., an ID list (player ID) of a media application), and/or information about multimedia content (e.g., a unique information list (e.g., a uniform resource locator: URL) for identifying multimedia content). 
     In step  803 , the processor  120  may identify an ID (device ID) of an external electronic device connected to an electronic device  101  and an ID (player ID) of a media application. The processor  120  may determine whether there is information matching the ID of the external electronic device and the ID of the media application in the ID list of the external electronic device and the ID list of the media application previously stored in an AVSDB. 
     According to an embodiment, when it is determined that there is the matching information, the processor  120  may identify unique information (e.g., a URL) corresponding to the multimedia content being played in step  805 . The processor  120  may determine whether there is information matching the unique information in the unique information list previously stored in the AVSDB. 
     According to an embodiment, when it is determined that there is no information matching the unique information in the unique information list, the processor  120  may calculate a difference between a recommended synchronization value and a synchronization value according to a user input in step  807 . For example, when the recommended synchronization value through a simulation is 200 ms and the synchronization value according to the user input is 250, the difference between the synchronization values may be 250-200=50 ms. 
     In step  809 , the processor  120  may update the calculated difference between the synchronization values in a special content table of the AVSDB. 
     In an embodiment, as the special content table is updated, when the multimedia content is subsequently played in substantially the same external electronic device and substantially the same media application, the processor  120  may display the synchronization value according to the user input, instead of the recommended synchronization value, in a user interface. 
       FIG.  9    illustrates updating a special content table according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  9   , the processor  120  according to an embodiment may identify an ID list (e.g., D 1 ) of an external electronic device and an ID list (e.g., P 1 ) of a media application that are previously stored in an AVSDB before an update. The processor  120  may determine whether there is information matching an ID of an external electronic device executing multimedia content and an ID of a media application executing the multimedia content in the identified ID list (e.g., D 1 ) of the external electronic device and the identified ID list (e.g., P 1 ) of the media application. In an embodiment, when it is determined that there is the matching information, the processor  120  may determine whether there is information matching unique information about the multimedia content being executed in a unique information list previously stored in a special content table. When there is no information matching the unique information about the multimedia content being executed in the unique information list of the AVSDB, the processor  120  may update the special content table. For example, the processor  120  may input a URL of the multimedia content being executed to the unique information of the special content. In addition, the processor  120  may input the ID list (e.g., D 1 ) of the external electronic device executing the multimedia content and the ID list (e.g., P 1 ) of the media application executing the multimedia content. When a synchronization value by a user input is 250 ms, the processor  120  may compare the synchronization value with a recommended synchronization value (e.g., 200 ms) and may input a synchronization value difference (synchronization value delta) of 50 ms. 
       FIG.  10    is a flowchart illustrating a method for updating an audio device table and a player information table according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  10   , in step  1001 , a processor  120  may obtain information associated with playback of multimedia content previously stored in a memory  130  and/or an external server. In an embodiment, the previously stored information associated with the playback of the multimedia content may include information about an external electronic device (e.g., an ID (device ID) of an external electronic device) and information about a media application (e.g., an ID (player ID) of a media application). 
     According to an embodiment, the processor  120  may identify the ID (device ID) of the external electronic device executing the multimedia content and the ID (player ID) of the media application executing the multimedia content. 
     In step  1003 , the processor  120  may determine whether there is information matching the ID of the external electronic device and the ID of the media application in an ID list of an external electronic device and an ID list of a media application previously stored in an AVSDB. In an embodiment, when the multimedia content is initially played in the external electronic device, the processor  120  may determine that there is no matching information, based on the above determination. 
     In step  1005 , when it is determined that there is no matching information, the processor  120  may determine a recommended synchronization value. In an embodiment, the recommended synchronization value may be a value determined through a simulation or a value determined by obtaining a synchronization value most selected by users for the multimedia content from an external server. 
     In step  1007 , the processor  120  may update an audio device table. For example, the type of the external electronic device (e.g., a Bluetooth headset, a car, or AR glasses), unique information (e.g., an address) about the external electronic device, the recommended synchronization value, and/or the maximum audio latency of the external electronic device may be updated. 
     In step  1009 , the processor  120  may play the multimedia content through the media application. 
     In step  1011 , the processor  120  may identify the media application that plays the multimedia content and may update a player information table, based on information about the media application. For example, unique information (e.g., a package name or a package version) about the media application and a minimum and/or maximum value for synchronization allowed by the media application may be stored. 
     Although it is shown that the processor  120  performs step  1011  of updating the player information table after step  1009  of playing the multimedia content in an embodiment, the processor  120  may play the multimedia content and may update the player information table at substantially the same time. The processor  120  may update the player information table even before playing the multimedia content. 
       FIG.  11    is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining a recommended synchronization value and synchronizing audio and video signals according to the recommended synchronization value according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  11   , in step  1101 , a processor  120  according to an embodiment may provide a recommended synchronization value for synchronization of an audio signal and a video signal of multimedia content through a digital signal process (DSP). 
     In step  1103 , the processor obtains a timestamp of the audio signal through an audio HAL. According to an embodiment, a timestamp may refer to a playback time of a signal. 
     In an embodiment, the processor  120  may synchronize the audio signal and the video signal, based on the recommended synchronization value provided from the DSP. 
     In step  1105 , the processor  120  may change the timestamp of the audio signal according to a corrected value through an audio framework. In an embodiment, the corrected value may refer to a value for changing the timestamp of the audio signal obtained through the HAL  212  in order to synchronize the audio signal and the video signal, based on the recommended synchronization value. 
     In step  1107 , the processor  120  may synchronize the audio signal and the video signal of the multimedia content. 
       FIG.  12    illustrates a simulator for determining a recommended synchronization value according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  12   , a processor  120  according to an embodiment may determine a recommended synchronization value for an audio signal and a video signal of multimedia content through a simulation. For example, the processor  120  may match a second arrow  1202  corresponding to the video signal with a first arrow  1201  corresponding to the audio signal. In one example, when the first arrow  1201  and the second arrow  1202  match, a sound (e.g., a beep sound) through a sound output module and/or vibrations through a haptic module may be output. According to an embodiment, the processor  120  may calculate a time required to match the first arrow  1201  and the second arrow, thereby determining the recommended synchronization value. 
       FIG.  13    illustrates updating an audio device table and a player table after determining a recommended synchronization value according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  13   , a processor  120  according to an embodiment may determine a recommended synchronization value (e.g., 200 ms) through simulation. The processor  120  may input a simulation value (e.g., 200 ms) into recommended synchronization values of a play information table and an audio device table. In an embodiment, the processor  120  may identify an external electronic device, and may input an external electronic device ID list (e.g., D 1 ), the type of the external electronic device (e.g., a Bluetooth device), an address thereof (e.g. a MAC address of the Bluetooth device), and/or a maximum audio latency thereof (e.g. 200 ms) in the audio device table, based on identification of the external electronic device. In an embodiment, the processor  120  may identify a media application that plays multimedia content. The processor  120  may input unique information (e.g., com.google.youtube) about the media application and a minimum value (e.g., −200 ms) and/or a maximum value (e.g., 125 ms) allowable by the media application to a player table. 
       FIG.  14    is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining a synchronization parameter according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  14   , in step  1401 , a processor  120  may identify a maximum audio latency from an audio device table corresponding to played multimedia content. For example, the processor  120  may obtain the audio device table of an AVSDB from a memory  130 . In one example, the processor  120  may identify a maximum audio latency value of the obtained audio device table. 
     In step  1403 , the processor  120  may identify a minimum value and a maximum value of a player table corresponding to the played multimedia content. For example, the processor  120  may obtain the player table of the AVSDB from the memory  130 . The processor  120  may identify the minimum value and the maximum value from the obtained player table. 
     In step  1405 , the processor  120  may determine a minimum synchronization value by comparing the minimum value of the player table with the maximum audio latency of the audio device table. For example, the processor  120  may compare the maximum audio latency of the audio device table identified in step  1401  with the minimum value of the player table identified in step  1403  and may determine a smaller value as the minimum synchronization value. processor  120  may determine the maximum value of the player table as a maximum synchronization value in step  1405 . In an embodiment, the minimum synchronization value and the maximum synchronization value determined by the processor  120  may correspond to synchronization parameters displayed on a user interface. 
     In step  1407 , the processor  120  may convert the minimum synchronization value and the maximum synchronization value in frame units. 
     In step  1409 , the processor  120  may identify a sensitivity level of an auditory characteristic table corresponding to the played multimedia content and may determine a synchronization gap, based on the sensitivity level. For example, the sensitivity level of the auditory characteristic table may be divided into a high level and a low level. 
     The processor  120  may determine the synchronization gap to be a smaller value in a high sensitivity level than in a low sensitivity level, or the processor  120  may determine the synchronization gap to be a greater value in a low sensitivity level than in a high sensitivity level. Although it is shown in one example that the sensitivity level of the auditory characteristic table may have a high level and a low level, this example is only for illustration, and the sensitivity level of the auditory characteristic table may be expressed in various manners. For example, the sensitivity level of the auditory characteristic table may be expressed as high, medium, and low, or as a number ranging from  1  to  100 . 
       FIG.  15    illustrates displaying a synchronization parameter on a user interface using an AVSDB according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  15   , a processor  120  according to an embodiment may identify a maximum audio latency (e.g., 100 ms) from an audio device table. The processor  120  may identify a minimum value (e.g., −200 ms) and a maximum value (e.g., 125 ms) of a player table. The processor  120  may determine a minimum synchronization value (e.g., −200 ms) by comparing the minimum value (e.g., −200 ms) of the player table with the maximum audio latency (e.g., 100 ms). In an embodiment, the processor  120  comparing the minimum value of the player table and the maximum audio latency may mean comparing the absolute values thereof. The processor  120  may identify a sensitivity level (e.g., high) of an auditory characteristic table and may determine a synchronization gap, based on the sensitivity level. For example, when the sensitivity level is high, a synchronization gap may have a smaller value than when the sensitivity level is low, and accordingly a user may adjust a synchronization control point  1501  in 100 phases. In another example, when the sensitivity level is low, the synchronization gap may have a great value, and thus, for example, the user may adjust a synchronization control point  1502  in 10 phases. 
       FIG.  16    illustrates a method for outputting a user interface on a display according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  16   , a processor  120  according to an embodiment may output multimedia content to a first area  1602  of a display area  1601  of an electronic device  101 . In an embodiment, as the multimedia content is played, the processor  120  may output a user interface  1603  for synchronizing an audio signal and a video signal of the multimedia content to one area of the display areas  1601 . In an embodiment, when the processor outputs the UI  1603  to the one area of the display area  1601 , the processor may dispose the UI  1603  not to overlap the first area  1602 . For example, when the UI  1603  is output to a second area  1605  overlapping the first area  1602 , the processor may change the output position of the UI  1603  to a third area  1604  and may output the UI  1603  thereto. 
     The processor  120  may identify an area overlapping the first area  1602  and may output the user interface  1603  to the third area  1604  at an initial output time, based on the identified area. Accordingly, the processor  120  may prevent a portion of the multimedia content being viewed by a user from being blocked by the user interface  1603 , thereby improving user convenience. 
     According to an embodiment, the processor  120  may determine a position in which the user interface  1603  is disposed by various methods. For example, the processor  120  may configure the coordinates of each vertex of the first area  1602  and may configure one of the vertices as an origin, thereby identifying coordinate values belonging to the first area  1602 . The processor  120  may determine the position in which the user interface  1603  is disposed by not allowing the coordinate values of vertices of the boundary of the user interface  1603  to correspond to the identified coordinate values belonging to the first area  1602 . 
       FIG.  17    illustrates outputting a user interface on a display according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  17   , a processor  120  according to an embodiment may move a user interface  1703  to a second area  1702  so as not to overlap a first area  1701  in which multimedia content is being played on a display. 
       FIG.  18    illustrates outputting a user interface on a display according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  18   , a processor  120  according to an embodiment may move a user interface  1803  to a second area  1802  so as to minimally overlap with a first area  1801  in which multimedia content is being played on a display. 
       FIG.  19    illustrates a position of a synchronization control point and a time of multimedia content according to synchronization with respect to a user interface according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  19   , a processor  120  according to an embodiment may output multimedia content to a first area  1901  before synchronization and may output a user interface  1902  for synchronizing an audio signal and a video signal of the multimedia content to the first area  1901 . In the user interface  1902 , a synchronization control point may be positioned at a first point. 
     According to an embodiment, the processor  120  may move the synchronization control point positioned at the first point to a second point in response to a user input. In an embodiment, the processor  120  may change the video signal of the played multimedia content from a first time point corresponding to the first point to a second time point corresponding to the second point. Accordingly, the processor  120  may synchronize the audio signal and the video signal of the multimedia content, based on the second point. 
     According to an embodiment, after the synchronization, the processor  120  may output the audio signal and the video signal, synchronized based on the second point, from the first time point on a display. The processor  120  may prevent a user from manually returning to the first time point through a user input and playing the multimedia content after the synchronization, thereby improving usability of an application by the user. 
       FIG.  20    is a signal flow diagram illustrating communication between an AVS application and an AVSM according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  20   , in step  2001 , an AVS application  208  may be executed in response to playback of multimedia content. Information associated with the playback of the multimedia content may be transmitted from the AVS application  208  to an AVSM  614  via an audio manager  209  and an audio flinger  210 . In step  2002 , the AVSM  614  may determine a synchronization parameter (e.g., a synchronization range, a recommended synchronization value, or a synchronization gap), based on the information associated with the playback of the multimedia content received from the AVS application  208 . The determined synchronization parameter may be transmitted to the AVS application  208  through the audio manager  209  and the audio flinger  210 . 
     In step  2003 , the AVS application  208  may recognize a user input to a user interface. 
     In response to the user input, the AVS application  208  may transmit a synchronization value according to the user input to the AVSM  614  through the audio manager  209  and the audio flinger  210 . 
     In step  2004 , the AVSM  614  may store the synchronization value according to the user input in a memory  130  and may change the synchronization parameter, based on the synchronization value according to the user input. The AVSM  614  may transmit the changed synchronization parameter to the AVS application  208  via the audio manager  209  and the audio flinger  210 . 
       FIG.  21    is a signal flow diagram illustrating an operation of synchronizing an audio signal and a video signal of multimedia content played in a media application according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  21   , in step  2101 , a media application  201  may execute multimedia content in response to a user input. An audio/video renderer  202  may render an audio signal of the multimedia content. 
     In step  2102 , the audio/video renderer  202  may transmit the rendered audio signal to an audio track  207 . In step  2103 , the audio track  207  may transmit the audio signal to an audio flinger  210 , and the audio flinger  210  may apply a sound effect to the audio signal. 
     According to an embodiment, a timestamp may refer to information about the number of frames of which sound processing is completed in an audio HAL  212 . The timestamp may be formed as a combination of a time at which playback is completed in the audio HAL  212  and the number of accumulated frames of which playback is completed in the audio HAL  212 . The time at which the playback is completed may be expressed in various time units (e.g., nsec or msec), and the number of frames may be expressed as an integer value. The processor  120  may calculate a frame value completely processed in the audio HAL  212  in a specified time period using the timestamp and may synchronize the audio signal and the video signal of the multimedia content, based on the frame value. In an embodiment, the number of accumulated frames of which the playback is completed in the audio HAL  212  may vary according to a synchronization value according to a user input. For example, the processor  120  may identify the synchronization value according to the user input and may convert the synchronization value according to the user input from a time unit (e.g., msec) to a frame unit, based on the identified synchronization value. The processor  120  may add the converted synchronization value according to the user input to the number of accumulated frames of which the playback is completed in the audio HAL  212 . Accordingly, the processor  120  may reflect the synchronization value according to the user input in the timestamp for synchronizing the audio signal and the video signal of the multimedia content. 
     In step  2104 , the audio flinger  210  may transmit the audio signal to the audio HAL  212  at regular intervals. In step  2106 , the audio HAL  212  may transmit a timestamp of the audio signal to the AVSM  614 . the AVSM  614  may correct the transmitted timestamp according to a user input. 
     In step  2107 , the AVSM  614  may transmit the corrected timestamp to the audio flinger  210 . In step  2108 , the audio flinger  210  may update the transmitted corrected timestamp to the audio track  207 . 
     In step  2109 , the audio track  207  may transmit the corrected timestamp to the audio/video renderer  202 , and the audio/video renderer  202  may render the video signal, based on the received corrected timestamp. In step  2110 , the audio/video renderer  202  may transmit the rendered video signal to a surface flinger  204 . 
     In step  2111 , the surface flinger  204  may output a video through a DDI controller and a display panel. 
       FIG.  22    illustrates UIs in which a synchronization parameter is displayed according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  22   , in UI (a), a minimum synchronization value and a maximum synchronization value are displayed, wherein the minimum synchronization value is −1000 and the maximum synchronization value is 1000. 
     In UI (b), a minimum synchronization value and a maximum synchronization value are displayed, wherein the minimum synchronization value is −50 and the maximum synchronization value is 50 according to an embodiment. 
     Using UIs (a) and (b), an electronic device  101  may provide an optimized synchronization value, based on multimedia content, an application executing the multimedia content, and/or information about an external electronic device. For example, when a synchronization range is large according to characteristics of the multimedia content, the electronic device  101  may provide a synchronization range from −1000 to 1000 as in UI (a). However, when the synchronization range is small according to the characteristics of the multimedia content, the electronic device  101  may provide a synchronization range from −50 to 50 as in UI (b). Accordingly, the electronic device  101  may improve usability of an application by the user. 
     In UI (c), a minimum synchronization value, a maximum synchronization value, and a synchronization gap are displayed, wherein the minimum synchronization value is −1000, the maximum synchronization value is +1000, and the synchronization gap includes 100 phases according to an embodiment. 
     In UI (d), a minimum synchronization value, a maximum synchronization value, and a synchronization gap are displayed, wherein the minimum synchronization value is −1000, the maximum synchronization value is +1000, and the synchronization gap includes phases according to an embodiment. 
     Using UIs (c) and (d), the electronic device  101  may provide various synchronization gaps, based on the auditory sensitivity level of a user in consideration of auditory characteristics of the user. For example, when the auditory sensitivity level of the user is high, the electronic device  101  may provide a synchronization gap having 100 phases as in UI (c). However, when the auditory sensitivity level of the user is low, the electronic device may provide a synchronization gap having 10 phases as in UI (d). Accordingly, the electronic device  101  may improve usability of an application by the user. 
       FIG.  23    illustrates a synchronization parameter displayed on a UI being changed based on a synchronization value according to a user input according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  23   , a processor  120  may output a user interface  2303  in which a synchronization parameter is displayed at a first time point. When a user moves a synchronization control point disposed at a first point  2301  to a second point  2302 , the processor  120  may identify a synchronization value according to a user input. The processor  120  may change a recommended synchronization value, based on the synchronization value according to the user input identified through an AVSM  614 . 
     According to an embodiment, the user may play multimedia content through a media application with substantially the same electronic device at a second time point after the first time point. The processor  120  may dispose the synchronization control point at a position corresponding to the changed recommended synchronization value (e.g., a second point  2302 ) in response to playback of the multimedia content. 
       FIG.  24    illustrates a method for synchronizing an audio signal and a video signal of multimedia content using a user interface in which a plurality of recommended synchronization values is displayed according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  24   , a processor  120  according to an embodiment may display a plurality of recommended synchronization values on a user interface for synchronization. processor  120  may output a first recommended synchronization value  2401  and a second recommended synchronization value  2402  to the user interface. The first recommended synchronization value  2401  may be provided through a simulation, and the second recommended synchronization value  2402  may be provided by receiving a value generally configured by users from an external server. 
     When a minimum synchronization value (e.g., −1000 ms) and a maximum synchronization value (e.g., 1000 ms) are specified, a user may adjust synchronization of an audio signal and a video signal between the minimum synchronization value and the maximum synchronization value. The user may be provided with a plurality of recommended synchronization values and may adjust a synchronization value desired by the user according to personal characteristics of the user. Accordingly, user convenience may be improved. 
       FIG.  25    illustrates an AVS application that provides a guide image for synchronization of an audio signal and a video signal according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  25   , a user may directly execute an AVS application  2500  to synchronize an audio signal and a video signal. The processor  120  may display a guide image  2502  for advising synchronization of an audio signal and a video signal in one area of an execution screen of the AVS application  2500 . The processor  120  may display a user interface  2501  for synchronization of an external electronic device (e.g., a wireless earphone) currently connected to an electronic device  101  on the execution screen of the AVS application  2500 . The user may match a video (e.g., a change in person&#39;s mouth shape) output of the guide image  2502  with an audio output through a direct user input. The processor  120  may synchronize an audio signal and a video signal of the guide image  2502  in response to the user input. 
       FIG.  26    illustrates recommending a synchronization parameter, based on an age group according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  26   , a user interface  2601  for synchronizing an audio signal and a video signal of multimedia content according to an embodiment. The processor  120  may provide a recommended synchronization value that is most commonly selected by a user&#39;s age group (e.g., people in their 30s and 40s), based on the user&#39;s age group. The processor  120  may provide various synchronization gaps (e.g., 10 ms, 20 ms, and 50 ms). 
       FIG.  27    illustrates a user interface displaying a synchronization parameter according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  27   , a processor  120  according to an embodiment may display a user interface  2701  for synchronizing an audio signal and a video signal of multimedia content on a display without interrupting playback of the multimedia content being displayed. Accordingly, the processor  120  may improve usability of an application. 
       FIG.  28    illustrates connection of a first electronic device and a second electronic device according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  28   , a first electronic device (e.g., a mobile phone) may be connected with a second electronic device (e.g., a car) through a first communication method (e.g., Bluetooth). To execute multimedia content being executed by a media application of the first electronic device in the second electronic device, synchronization between an audio signal and a video signal may be required. For example, the first electronic device may transmit the audio signal of the multimedia content being executed to the second electronic device. In this case, a delay may occur in an operation of transmitting the audio signal. To prevent a signal mismatch between the audio signal and the video signal due to the delay, synchronization may be required. 
     Accordingly, the first electronic device (e.g., the mobile phone) may synchronize the audio signal and the video signal, based on information about the second electronic device (e.g., the car), information about the multimedia content, and/or information about the media application. 
       FIG.  29    illustrates a first electronic device and a second electronic device, according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  29   , a first electronic device  2901  according to an embodiment may include a media player  2903 . The media player  2903  may be connected to a media server  2904 . The media player  2903  may transmit an audio signal of multimedia content being executed in the first electronic device  2901  to an HAL  2907  through an audio flinger  2905 . The audio signal transmitted to the HAL  2907  may be transmitted to a second electronic device  2902  through Android Auto  2908 . For example, when a connection for wireless communication is established between the first electronic device  2901  and the second electronic device  2902 , Android Auto  2908  may transmit the audio signal of the multimedia content being executed in the first electronic device  2901  to an Android Auto (AA) client  2909  of the second electronic device  2902 . The audio signal transmitted to the AA client  2909  may be transmitted to an AA audio client  2910 . An AVS  2906  may synchronize the audio signal with respect to a video signal in response to a user input. 
       FIG.  30    is a signal flow diagram illustrating an operation of synchronizing audio and video signals in a first electronic device and a second electronic device according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  30   , in step  3001 , a first electronic device  2901  may establish a wireless connection with a second electronic device  2902 . For example, the first electronic device  2901  and the second electronic device  2902  may be connected via a Bluetooth. 
     In step  3002 , the first electronic device  2901 , which may include a processor, and the processor of the first electronic device  2901  may receive information about the second electronic device  2902 . Further, the processor may obtain information about a media application that plays multimedia content and/or information about the multimedia content. 
     In step  3003 , the processor may identify a synchronization parameter, based on the information about the second electronic device  2902 , the information about the media application, and/or the information about the multimedia content. 
     In step  3004 , the processor may output a user interface displaying the synchronization parameter. 
     In step  3005 , the processor may synchronize an audio signal with a video signal in response to a user input and may transmit the synchronized audio signal to the second electronic device  2902 , e.g., via an Android Auto  2908 . 
       FIG.  31    illustrates connection of a first electronic device and a second electronic device according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  31   , a first electronic device (e.g., a mobile phone) according to an embodiment may be connected with a second electronic device (e.g., AR glasses) through a first communication method (e.g., Bluetooth). To play multimedia content being played by a media application of the first electronic device in the second electronic device, synchronization between an audio signal and a video signal may be required. 
     Accordingly, the first electronic device (e.g., the mobile phone) may synchronize the audio signal and the video signal, based on information about the second electronic device (e.g., the AR glasses), information about the multimedia content, and/or information about the media application. 
       FIG.  32    illustrates a first electronic device and a second electronic device according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  32   , according to an embodiment, a first electronic device  3201  and a second electronic device  3202  may establish a connection for wireless communication. In an embodiment, a first AR glass (ARG) service  3203  may be connected to a second ARG service  3204 . Through the connection between the first ARG service  3203  and the second ARG service  3204 , the first electronic device  3201  and the second electronic device  3202  may receive a command signal to mutually transmit and/or receive data. Further, a first terminal mode server (TMS)  3205  may be connected to a second TMS  3206 . Through the connection between the first TMS  3205  and the second TMS  3206 , the first electronic device  3201  and the second electronic device  3202  may mutually transmit and/or receive an audio signal and a video signal of multimedia content. 
     According to an embodiment, a media application  3227  of the first electronic device  3201  may play the multimedia content in response to a user input. An AVS  3210  may synchronize the audio signal and the video signal of the played multimedia content and may transmit the synchronized audio signal and video signal to the first TMS  3205 . In an embodiment, the second TMS  3206  may receive the synchronized audio signal and video signal from the first TMS  3205 . The received video signal may be output to a display of the second electronic device  3202  through a stage fright  3227 , a display driver  3208 , and an audio/video driver  3209 . The audio signal may be transmitted to an HAL  3216  through an audio framework  3215 , and the HAL  3216  may transmit the audio signal to an audio driver  3218  through a system driver  3217 . 
     An electronic device according to an embodiment may include a display and at least one processor  120  configured to be electrically connected to the display, wherein the at least one processor  120  may execute a media application  201 , may play multimedia content through the media application  201 , may obtain information associated with playback of the multimedia content, may identify a synchronization parameter for synchronizing an audio signal and a video signal of the multimedia content, based on the obtained information, may output a user interface (e.g., the user interface  1603  of  FIG.  16   ) generated based on the obtained information and the synchronization parameter to the display, and may synchronize the audio signal and the video signal in response to a user input to the user interface  1603 . 
     According to an embodiment, the at least one processor  120  may identify a synchronization value used to synchronize the audio signal and the video signal according to the user input, and may change the synchronization parameter, based on the synchronization value according to the user input. 
     According to an embodiment, the electronic device may further include a memory, wherein the memory may store the information associated with the playback of the multimedia content. 
     According to an embodiment, the information associated with the playback of the multimedia content may include at least one or a combination of two or more of information about an external electronic device, information about the application, and information about the multimedia content. 
     According to an embodiment, the synchronization parameter may include a synchronization range, a predetermined recommended synchronization value, and a synchronization gap. 
     According to an embodiment, the at least one processor  120  may obtain the recommended synchronization value by performing a simulation for synchronizing the audio signal and the video signal of the multimedia content, based on the information associated with the playback of the multimedia content. 
     According to an embodiment, the at least one processor  120  may output the multimedia content played through the application in a first area  1602  of the display, and may output the user interface  1603  in a second area  1605  of the display, which overlaps or does not overlap the first area  1602 . 
     According to an embodiment, the user interface  1603  may include a control bar, and the synchronization parameter may be displayed on the control bar. 
     According to an embodiment, the user interface  1902  may include a control bar displaying the synchronization parameter, and the at least one processor  120  may move a synchronization control point positioned at a first point of the control bar to a second point in response to the user input, may change the video signal of the multimedia content from a first time point corresponding to the first point to a second time point corresponding to the second point, and may synchronize the audio signal and the video signal of the multimedia content, based on the second point. 
     According to an embodiment, the at least one processor may output the audio signal and the video signal, synchronized based on the second time point, from the first time point on the display. 
     An operating method of an electronic device including a display according to an embodiment may include: executing, by at least one processor  120  of the electronic device, an application; playing multimedia content through the application; obtaining information associated with playback of the multimedia content; identifying a synchronization parameter for synchronizing an audio signal and a video signal of the multimedia content, based on the obtained information; outputting a user interface generated based on the obtained information and the synchronization parameter to the display; and synchronizing the audio signal and the video signal in response to a user input to the user interface. 
     The operating method of the electronic device including the display according to an embodiment may include identifying a synchronization value used to synchronize the audio signal and the video signal according to the user input, and changing the synchronization parameter, based on the synchronization value according to the user input. 
     According to an embodiment, the information associated with the playback of the multimedia content may include at least one or a combination of two or more of information about an external electronic device, information about the application, and information about the multimedia content. 
     According to an embodiment, the synchronization parameter may include a synchronization range, a predetermined recommended synchronization value, and a value of a synchronization gap. 
     According to an embodiment, the at least one processor  120  may obtain the recommended synchronization value by performing a simulation for synchronizing the audio signal and the video signal of the multimedia content, based on the information associated with the playback of the multimedia content. 
     The operating method of the electronic device including the display according to an embodiment may include outputting the multimedia content played through the application in a first area of the display, and outputting the user interface in a second area  1605  of the display, which partially overlaps or does not overlap the first area  1602 . 
     According to an embodiment, the user interface may include a control bar, and the synchronization parameter may be displayed on the control bar. 
     According to an embodiment, the user interface may include a control bar displaying the synchronization parameter, and the operating method of the electronic device including the display may include moving a synchronization control point positioned at a first point of the control bar to a second point in response to the user input, changing the video signal of the multimedia content from a first time point corresponding to the first point to a second time point corresponding to the second point, and synchronizing the audio signal and the video signal of the multimedia content, based on the second point. 
     The operating method of the electronic device including the display according to an embodiment may include outputting the audio signal and the video signal, synchronized based on the second point, from the first time point on the display. 
     A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to an embodiment may store instructions which, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform configured operations, and the operations may include executing, by at least one processor  120  of an electronic device, an application, playing multimedia content through the application, obtaining information associated with playback of the multimedia content, identifying a synchronization parameter for synchronizing an audio signal and a video signal of the multimedia content, based on the obtained information, outputting a user interface generated based on the obtained information and the synchronization parameter to the display, and synchronizing the audio signal and the video signal in response to a user input to the user interface. 
     The electronic device according to various embodiments may be one of various types of electronic devices. The electronic devices may include, for example, a portable communication device (e.g., a smartphone), a computer device, a portable multimedia device, a portable medical device, a camera, a wearable device, or a home appliance. According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the electronic devices are not limited to those described above. 
     It should be appreciated that various embodiments of the present disclosure and the terms used therein are not intended to limit the technological features set forth herein to particular embodiments and include various changes, equivalents, or replacements for a corresponding embodiment. With regard to the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals may be used to refer to similar or related elements. 
     It is to be understood that a singular form of a noun corresponding to an item may include one or more of the things, unless the relevant context clearly indicates otherwise. 
     As used herein, each of such phrases as “A or B,” “at least one of A and B,” “at least one of A or B,” “A, B, or C,” “at least one of A, B, and C,” and “at least one of A, B, or C,” may include any one of, or all possible combinations of the items enumerated together in a corresponding one of the phrases. As used herein, such terms as “1st” and “2nd,” or “first” and “second” may be used to simply distinguish a corresponding component from another, and does not limit the components in other aspect (e.g., importance or order). It is to be understood that if an element (e.g., a first element) is referred to, with or without the term “operatively” or “communicatively”, as “coupled with,” “coupled to,” “connected with,” or “connected to” another element (e.g., a second element), it means that the element may be coupled with the other element directly (e.g., wiredly), wirelessly, or via a third element. 
     As used in connection with various embodiments of the disclosure, the term “module” may include a unit implemented in hardware, software, or firmware, and may interchangeably be used with other terms, for example, “logic,” “logic block,” “part,” or “circuitry”. A module may be a single integral component, or a minimum unit or part thereof, adapted to perform one or more functions. For example, according to an embodiment, the module may be implemented in a form of an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). 
     Various embodiments as set forth herein may be implemented as software (e.g., the program  140 ) including one or more instructions that are stored in a storage medium (e.g., internal memory  136  or external memory  138 ) that is readable by a machine (e.g., the electronic device  101 ). For example, a processor (e.g., the processor  120 ) of the machine (e.g., the electronic device  101 ) may invoke at least one of the one or more instructions stored in the storage medium, and execute it, with or without using one or more other components under the control of the processor. This allows the machine to be operated to perform at least one function according to the at least one instruction invoked. The one or more instructions may include a code generated by a complier or a code executable by an interpreter. The machine-readable storage medium may be provided in the form of a non-transitory storage medium. Wherein, the term “non-transitory” simply means that the storage medium is a tangible device, and does not include a signal (e.g., an electromagnetic wave), but this term does not differentiate between where data is semi-permanently stored in the storage medium and where the data is temporarily stored in the storage medium. 
     According to an embodiment, a method according to various embodiments of the disclosure may be included and provided in a computer program product. The computer program product may be traded as a product between a seller and a buyer. The computer program product may be distributed in the form of a machine-readable storage medium (e.g., compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM)), or be distributed (e.g., downloaded or uploaded) online via an application store (e.g., PlayStore™), or between two user devices (e.g., smart phones) directly. If distributed online, at least part of the computer program product may be temporarily generated or at least temporarily stored in the machine-readable storage medium, such as memory of the manufacturer&#39;s server, a server of the application store, or a relay server. 
     According to various embodiments, each component (e.g., a module or a program) of the above-described components may include a single entity or multiple entities, and some of the multiple entities may be separately disposed in different components. According to various embodiments, one or more of the above-described components may be omitted, or one or more other components may be added. Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of components (e.g., modules or programs) may be integrated into a single component. In such a case, according to various embodiments, the integrated component may still perform one or more functions of each of the plurality of components in the same or similar manner as they are performed by a corresponding one of the plurality of components before the integration. According to various embodiments, operations performed by the module, the program, or another component may be carried out sequentially, in parallel, repeatedly, or heuristically, or one or more of the operations may be executed in a different order or omitted, or one or more other operations may be added. 
     While the present disclosure has been described with reference to various embodiments, various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and the scope of the present disclosure, which is defined, not by the detailed description and embodiments, but by the appended claims and their equivalents.