Patent Publication Number: US-11046468-B2

Title: Bag-making and packaging machine

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-189571, filed Oct. 4, 2018. The contents of that application are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to a bag-making and packaging machine, and particularly a bag-making and packaging machine that produces bags filled with contents by forming a sheet-like film drawn from a film supply unit into bags with a bag-making and packaging unit. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     Conventionally, a bag-making and packaging machine is known which produces bags filled with contents by forming a sheet-like film drawn from a film supply unit into bags with a bag-making and packaging unit. There are cases where, as in JP-A No. 2008-127091, this kind of bag-making and packaging machine uses a film supply unit that holds plural film rolls into which film for packaging is wound and, when the film supply unit uses up the film of a film roll which has been used, automatically splices together the trailing end portion of that film and the leading end portion of the film of a new film roll for replacement and starts supplying the film of the new film roll to the bag-making and packaging unit. By utilizing this kind of film supply unit, it is not necessary for the operator to manually set the film roll at the timing when the film supply unit uses up a film roll, and there can be realized a bag-making and packaging machine that is efficient and in which the amount of time the machine is stopped to replace the film roll is short. 
     In this kind of film supply unit, when automatically splicing together the trailing end portion of the film (here called a first film to keep description from becoming complicated) of the used film roll and the leading end portion of the film (here called a second film to keep description from becoming complicated) of the film of the new film roll, there are many cases where it becomes necessary to align the first film and the second film so that printing on the films is disposed in appropriate positions of the bags when the film has been formed into the bags. Normally, positional adjustment of the first film becomes necessary for this alignment of the first film and the second film. The positional adjustment of the first film is conventionally performed by detecting, with a sensor, a mark for positional adjustment added beforehand to the first film and conveying, with a conveyance mechanism, the first film so that the mark is disposed in a predetermined position. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY 
     At the time of this positional adjustment of the first film, the making of the bags by the bag-making and packaging machine is temporarily stopped. For that reason, it is preferred that the positional adjustment of the first film be performed in as short an amount of time as possible, and it is preferred that the first film be conveyed at as fast a speed as possible at the time of the position adjustment. However, if the conveyance speed of the first film is too fast, it tends to become difficult to precisely adjust the position of the first film so that the mark is disposed in the desired position. 
     It is an object of the present invention to provide a bag-making and packaging machine equipped with a film supply unit which, when it uses up the film of the film roll it has been used, automatically splices together the trailing end portion of that film and the leading end portion of a film of a new film roll and starts supplying the film of the new film roll to a bag-making and packaging unit, the bag-making and packaging machine being capable of carrying out, quickly and with high precision, positional adjustment of the film of the film roll that had been used in order to align the film of the film roll that had been used and the film of the new film roll. 
     A bag-making and packaging machine pertaining to a first aspect of the present invention has a bag-making and packaging unit and a film supply unit. The bag-making and packaging unit forms a sheet-like film into a tubular shape and seals the film formed into the tubular shape to thereby form the film into bags. The film supply unit holds film rolls into which the sheet-like film is wound and supplies to the bag-making and packaging unit the film that is drawn from the film rolls. The film rolls that the film supply unit holds include at least a first film roll into which a first film serving as the film is wound and a second film roll into which a second film serving as the film is wound. The film supply unit has a first film roll holding unit, a second film roll holding unit, a splicing mechanism, a conveyance-speed-variable film conveyance mechanism, a first sensor, a second sensor, and a control unit that controls the actions of the film conveyance mechanism. The first film roll holding unit holds the first film roll. The second film roll holding unit holds the second film roll. The splicing mechanism splices together a trailing end portion of the first film and a leading end portion of the second film. The film conveyance mechanism conveys the first film in a first direction so that the trailing end portion of the first film heads toward a film splicing position where splicing to the leading end portion of the second film is performed by the splicing mechanism. The first sensor detects a mark for positional adjustment added to the first film. The second sensor detects, on the downstream side of the first sensor in the first direction, the mark on the first film. The control unit judges, on the basis of the detection of the mark by the second sensor, that the trailing end portion of the first film has reached the film splicing position and stops the conveyance of the first film by the film conveyance mechanism. The control unit controls the film conveyance mechanism so that a speed at which the first film is conveyed by the film conveyance mechanism before the detection of the mark by the first sensor is faster than a speed at which the first film is conveyed by the film conveyance mechanism after the detection of the mark by the first sensor. 
     In the bag-making and packaging machine pertaining to the first aspect of the present invention, the first film is conveyed at a relatively high speed until the first sensor disposed on the upstream side in the film conveyance direction out of the first and second sensors detects the mark for positional adjustment on the first film, and when the first sensor detects the mark, the first film is conveyed at a relatively low speed. For that reason, in this bag-making and packaging machine, the positional adjustment of the first film for aligning the first film and the second film when splicing together the first film and the second film can be carried out quickly and with high precision. 
     A bag-making and packaging machine pertaining to a second aspect of the present invention is the bag-making and packaging machine of the first aspect, wherein when seen along the path on which the first film is conveyed by the film conveyance mechanism, a distance between the position where the first sensor detects the mark and the position where the second sensor detects the mark is between 10 mm and 90 mm. 
     Here, the distance between the detection position of the first sensor and the detection position of the second sensor is a short distance of 90 mm or less, so it is possible to ensure a relatively long amount of time in which the first film is conveyed at a relatively high speed, and positional adjustment of the first film can be carried out quickly. At the same time, 10 mm or more is ensured for the distance between the detection position of the first sensor and the detection position of the second sensor, so it is also possible to perform, with high precision, positional adjustment of the trailing end portion of the first film that is spliced to the leading end portion of the second film. 
     A bag-making and packaging machine pertaining to a third aspect of the present invention is the bag-making and packaging machine of the first aspect or the second aspect, further having a third sensor that detects the trailing end of the first film roll. When the third sensor has detected the trailing end of the first film roll, the control unit controls the film conveyance mechanism to start conveying the first film in the first direction. 
     Here, the trailing end of the first film roll can be automatically detected and switching of the film roll to the second film roll can be efficiently performed. 
     In the bag-making and packaging machine pertaining to the present invention, the first film is conveyed at a relatively high speed until the first sensor disposed on the upstream side in the film conveyance direction out of the first and second sensors detects the mark for positional adjustment on the first film, and when the first sensor detects the mark, the first film is conveyed at a relatively low speed. For that reason, in this bag-making and packaging machine, the positional adjustment of the first film for aligning both films when splicing together the first film and the second film can be carried out quickly and with high precision. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a general perspective view of a combination weighing/bag-making and packaging system that includes a bag-making and packaging machine pertaining to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 2  is a general configuration diagram of the bag-making and packaging machine of the combination weighing/bag-making and packaging system of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 3  is a block diagram of the bag-making and packaging machine of  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 4  is a drawing showing an example of film used in the bag-making and packaging machine of  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 5  is a general perspective view of a film supply unit of the bag-making and packaging machine of  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 6  is an enlarged perspective view around a holding mechanism support frame of the film supply unit of  FIG. 5 ; 
         FIG. 7  is a sectional perspective view showing the internal structure of a frame shaft that rotatably supports the holding mechanism support frame of  FIG. 6 ; 
         FIG. 8  is an enlarged side view of main portions of the film supply unit of  FIG. 5  in a state in which a first film roll has been attached to a first holding mechanism; 
         FIG. 9  is an enlarged side view of main portions of the film supply unit of  FIG. 5  in a state in which the first holding mechanism has been moved to a film roll standby position; 
         FIG. 10  is a general plan view, around the frame shaft of the film supply unit of  FIG. 5 , for describing the transmission of driving force to the frame shaft, a first shaft, and a second shaft; and 
         FIG. 11  is a drawing for describing a posture detection mechanism for detecting the posture of the holding mechanism support frame of  FIG. 6 . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     A bag-making and packaging machine  1000  of an embodiment of a bag-making and packaging machine pertaining to the invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. The following embodiment is merely a specific example of the invention and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the invention. It will be understood that various changes can be made in configurations and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention set forth in the claims. 
     In the following description there are cases where expressions such as perpendicular, orthogonal, horizontal, and vertical are used to describe directions and positional relationships, but these include not only cases where the directions and positional relationships are strictly perpendicular, orthogonal, horizontal, or vertical but also cases where the directions and positional relationships are substantially perpendicular, orthogonal, horizontal, or vertical. 
     Furthermore, in the following description there are cases where expressions such as “front (front surface),” “rear (back surface),” “upper,” “lower,” “left,” and “right” are used to describe directions and the like. Unless otherwise specified, “front (front surface),” “rear (back surface),” “upper,” “lower,” “left,” and “right” here follow the directions of the arrows shown in the drawings. 
     (1) Overall Configuration 
       FIG. 1  is a general perspective view of a combination weighing/bag-making and packaging system  1  that includes the bag-making and packaging machine  1000  pertaining to the embodiment of the invention.  FIG. 2  is a general configuration diagram of the bag-making and packaging machine  1000 .  FIG. 3  is a block diagram of the bag-making and packaging machine  1000 .  FIG. 4  is a drawing showing an example of film F used in the bag-making and packaging machine  1000 . 
     The combination weighing/bag-making and packaging system  1  includes a combination weighing apparatus  2000  and the bag-making and packaging machine  1000  (see  FIG. 1 ). 
     The bag-making and packaging machine  1000  is a machine that makes bags B containing articles C inside by making bag-like packages from sheet-like film F (see  FIG. 2 ). 
     The film F used here includes a printed surface Fa (see  FIG. 4 ), which is disposed on the outer surface side when the film F has been formed into the bags B, and a non-printed surface Fb, which is on the reverse side of the printed surface Fa. The printed surface Fa has printing P on it. The non-printed surface Fb does not have printing on it. The printing P is, for example, characters, illustrations, and photographs that are printed for advertisement and sales promotion of the articles C as a product and providing information relating to the articles C. Also printed on the printed surface Fa, in addition to the printing P, are register marks M that are used to detect the position of the film F. 
     The articles C are, for example, potato chips. However, the type of the articles C is not limited to potato chips. The articles C are supplied from the combination weighing apparatus  2000  installed above the bag-making and packaging machine  1000  (see  FIG. 2 ). 
     The bag-making and packaging machine  1000  has a bag-making and packaging unit  200 , a film supply unit  100 , and a controller  300  (see  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 3 ). The controller  300  controls the actions of various constituent devices of the bag-making and packaging unit  200  and the film supply unit  100 . The film supply unit  100  holds film rolls FR into which the sheet-like film F is wound and supplies to the bag-making and packaging unit  200  the film F that is drawn from the film rolls FR. The bag-making and packaging unit  200  forms the sheet-like film F into a tubular shape and seals the film Ft that has been formed into the tubular shape to thereby form the film Ft into bags. 
     The film supply unit  100  mainly has, as mechanisms relating to the supply of the film F, a first holding mechanism  110   a  and a second holding mechanism  110   b , a film drawing mechanism  116 , and a tension adjusting mechanism  180  (see  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 6 ). Each of the holding mechanisms  110   a ,  110   b  holds a film roll FR into which the sheet-like film F is wound (see  FIG. 2 ). Specifically, the first holding mechanism  110   a  has a shaft  111   a  to which a film roll FR is attached and which rotatably holds the attached film roll FR (see  FIG. 6 ). The second holding mechanism  110   b  has a shaft  111   b  to which a film roll FR is attached and which rotatably holds the attached film roll FR (see  FIG. 6 ). 
     The film roll FR is a roll in which the sheet-like film F of  FIG. 4  is wound around a winding core (not shown in the drawings). The terminal end on the winding core side of the film F wound into the film roll FR is connected (secured) to the winding core by, for example, affixing it with tape not shown in the drawings to the winding core or adhering it with an adhesive or the like to the winding core. 
     The film drawing mechanism  116  is a mechanism that respectively independently rotates each of the shafts (the first shaft  111   a  and the second shaft  111   b ) of the plural holding mechanisms (the first holding mechanism  110   a  and the second holding mechanism  110   b ) to thereby draw the film F from the film rolls FR attached to the shafts of the holding mechanisms. The film drawing mechanism  116  has a first holding mechanism motor  114   a  and a second holding mechanism motor  114   b . The first holding mechanism motor  114   a  is a mechanism that rotates the shaft  111   a  to thereby draw the film from the film roll FR attached to the shaft  111   a . The second holding mechanism motor  114   b  is a mechanism that rotates the shaft  111   b  to thereby draw the film from the film roll FR attached to the shaft  111   b . That is, in this bag-making and packaging machine  1000 , the film F is not drawn using a single film drawing mechanism (e.g., a pinch roller disposed on the downstream side of the film rolls FR in the conveyance direction of the film F) but the film F is drawn using the respectively independent holding mechanism motors  114   a ,  114   b  from the film rolls FR attached to the shafts  111   a ,  111   b  of the plural holding mechanisms  110   a ,  110   b.    
     The bag-making and packaging unit  200  mainly has a former unit  210 , which has a former body  212  and a tube  214 , film conveyor belts  220 , a longitudinal sealing mechanism  230 , and a transverse sealing mechanism  240  (see  FIG. 2 ). 
     The bag-making and packaging machine  1000  manufactures the bags B containing the articles C with a process as shown in the following flow as a result of the actions of the various constituent devices of the bag-making and packaging unit  200  and the film supply unit  100  being controlled by the controller  300  (see  FIG. 3 ). 
     The sheet-like film F is supplied to the bag-making and packaging unit  200  from the film roll FR that one of the two holding mechanisms  110   a ,  110   b  of the film supply unit  100  holds. In a case where the sheet-like film F is supplied from the film roll FR attached to the first shaft  111   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a , the film F is drawn by the first holding mechanism motor  114   a . In a case where the sheet-like film F is supplied from the film roll FR attached to the second shaft  111   b  of the second holding mechanism  110   b , the film F is drawn by the second holding mechanism motor  114   b . The sheet-like film F that has been pulled out from the film roll FR is conveyed by the film conveyor belts  220  of the bag-making and packaging unit  200 . The sheet-like film F that is conveyed to the bag-making and packaging unit  200  is guided by plural rollers  170  including movable rollers  185  and fixed rollers  182  of the tension adjusting mechanism  180  described later and is conveyed to the former body  212  of the former unit  210 . The tension adjusting mechanism  180  uses the movable rollers  185  to cause force to act on the film F to adjust the tension in the film F that is conveyed. The former body  212  forms the sheet-like film F into a tubular shape to form the tubular film Ft. The tubular film Ft is conveyed downward by the film conveyor belts  220 , and the overlapping portion of the tubular film Ft is sealed in the longitudinal direction by the longitudinal sealing mechanism  230  disposed below the former body  212 . The tubular film Ft that has been sealed in the longitudinal direction (the film conveyance direction) by the longitudinal sealing mechanism  230  is conveyed further downward by the film conveyor belts  220  and is sealed in a direction intersecting (in particular, here, a direction orthogonal to) the conveyance direction of the tubular film Ft by the transverse sealing mechanism  240  disposed below the longitudinal sealing mechanism  230 . The transverse sealing mechanism  240  also cuts, in the transverse direction, the transversely sealed portion of the tubular film Ft at its middle portion in the conveyance direction of the tubular film Ft to thereby make bags B whose upper and lower ends are sealed. Before the tubular film Ft is sealed by the transverse sealing mechanism  240 , the articles C are supplied through the tube  214  of the former unit  210  to the inside of the tubular film Ft which is going to be the bags B. As a result, the bags B containing the articles C are made in the bag-making and packaging machine  1000 . The bags B containing the articles C and made by the bag-making and packaging machine  1000  are conveyed to a downstream process by, for example, a conveyor (not shown in the drawings) disposed under the transverse sealing mechanism  240 . 
     (2) Detailed Configuration 
     The bag-making and packaging unit  200 , the film supply unit  100 , and the controller  300  of the bag-making and packaging machine  1000  will now be described in greater detail. 
     (2-1) Bag-Making and Packaging Unit 
     The former unit  210 , the film conveyor belts  220 , the longitudinal sealing mechanism  230 , and the transverse sealing mechanism  240  of the bag-making and packaging unit  200  will now be described. 
     (2-1-1) Former Unit 
     The former unit  210  mainly has the former body  212  and the tube  214  (see  FIG. 2 ). 
     The former body  212  is disposed surrounding the open cylinder-shaped tube  214  in its circumferential direction. The former body  212  forms into a tubular shape the sheet-like film F pulled out from the film roll FR and conveyed to the former body  212  by folding the film F so that the left end portion and the right end portion of the film F overlap each other. The tubular film Ft that has been formed by the former body  212  is guided so that it wraps around the outer peripheral surface of the lower portion side of the open cylinder-shaped tube  214  and is conveyed downward in a state in which it is wrapped around the tube  214 . 
     The tube  214  is an open cylinder-shaped member that extends in the vertical direction and whose upper and lower end portions are open. The upper portion of the tube  214  is formed in the shape of a funnel whose diameter increases heading toward the upper end side of the tube  214  (see  FIG. 2 ). The lower portion of the tube  214  is formed with a uniform diameter (see  FIG. 2 ). The tube  214  receives, through the opening in its upper portion, the articles C that drop thereto (see  FIG. 2 ). The articles C that have been supplied through the opening in the upper portion of the tube  214  pass through the inside of the tube  214  and are supplied through the opening in the lower portion of the tube  214  to the inside of the tubular film Ft. 
     (2-1-2) Film Conveyor Belts 
     The bag-making and packaging unit  200  has a pair of film conveyor belts  220 . The pair of film conveyor belts  220  are disposed under the former unit  210  (see  FIG. 2 ). The pair of film conveyor belts  220  are disposed on the left side and the right side of the tube  214  of the former unit  210  around which the tubular film Ft is wrapped.  FIG. 2  shows just the film conveyor belt  220  on the right side. 
     The pair of film conveyor belts  220  conveys to the former body  212  the film F pulled out from the film roll FR. Furthermore, the film conveyor belts  220  convey to the transverse sealing mechanism  240  the tubular film Ft that has been formed by the former body  212 . Specifically, the film conveyor belts  220  suck and convey downward the tubular film Ft wrapped around the tube  214 . 
     Each film conveyor belt  220  has a drive roller  222 , a follower roller  224 , and a belt  226  (see  FIG. 2 ). The belt  226  has a sucking function. The belt  226  is entrained about the drive roller  222  and the follower roller  224 . The drive roller  222  is connected to a roller drive motor (not shown in the drawings) and is driven by the roller drive motor. When the drive roller  222  is driven by the roller drive motor in a state in which the belt  226  is sucking the film, the tubular film Ft is conveyed downward. 
     (2-1-3) Longitudinal Sealing Mechanism 
     The longitudinal sealing mechanism  230  (see  FIG. 2 ) is a mechanism that longitudinally seals (seals in the up and down direction) the overlapping portion of the tubular film Ft wrapped around the tube  214 . 
     The longitudinal sealing mechanism  230  has a heater (not shown in the drawings), a heater belt (not shown in the drawings) that contacts the overlapping portion of the tubular film Ft, and a drive mechanism (not shown in the drawings) that drives the heater belt. The heater heats the heater belt. The drive mechanism drives the heater belt in forward and rearward directions so that the heater belt moves toward the tube  214  or moves away from the tube  214 . When the heater belt is driven by the drive mechanism so that it moves toward the tube  214 , the overlapping portion of the tubular film Ft wrapped around the tube  214  is sandwiched between the heater belt and the tube  214 . The longitudinal sealing mechanism  230  heat-seals, in the longitudinal direction, the overlapping portion of the tubular film Ft by pushing the overlapping portion of the tubular film Ft by the heated heater belt, with a predetermined pressure, against the tube  214 . 
     (2-1-4) Transverse Sealing Mechanism 
     The transverse sealing mechanism  240  is disposed below the film conveyor belts  220  and the longitudinal sealing mechanism  230  (see  FIG. 2 ). The transverse sealing mechanism  240  is a mechanism that transversely seals the tubular film Ft conveyed downward by the film conveyor belts  220  after the tubular film Ft has been longitudinally sealed by the longitudinal sealing mechanism  230 . In other words, the transverse sealing mechanism  240  is a mechanism that seals the tubular film Ft in a direction intersecting (more specifically, a direction orthogonal to) the conveyance direction of the tubular film Ft. 
     The transverse sealing mechanism  240  has a pair of rotating bodies  242  that are disposed in front and in back of the tubular film Ft (see  FIG. 2 ). Attached to each rotating body  242  are a sealing jaw  244   a  and a sealing jaw  244   b  that have built-in heaters (see  FIG. 2 ). The sealing jaws  244   a  of both rotating bodies  242  function as a pair when transversely sealing the tubular film Ft. The sealing jaws  244   b  of both rotating bodies  242  also function as a pair when transversely sealing the tubular film Ft. The pair of sealing jaws  244   a  and the pair of sealing jaws  244   b  alternately transversely seal the tubular film Ft that is conveyed thereto. 
     The transverse sealing of the tubular film Ft and the cutting of the tubular film Ft by the sealing jaws  244   a  will now be described. 
     When a drive mechanism not shown in the drawings is driven and the pair of rotating bodies  242  revolves, the sealing jaws  244   a  attached to the rotating bodies  242  revolves while tracing loci that are mutually symmetrical as seen in a side view (see the loci indicated by the dashed lines in  FIG. 2 ). The pair of sealing jaws  244   a  that revolve sandwich the tubular film Ft in a state in which they press against each other, apply pressure and heat to the part of the tubular film Ft that becomes the upper and lower end portions of the bags B, and transversely seal the tubular film Ft. A cutter not shown in the drawings is built into one of the sealing jaws  244   a . The cutter cuts the transversely sealed portion of the tubular film Ft in its center position in the conveyance direction of the tubular film Ft to thereby cut away the bag B from the subsequent tubular film Ft. 
     The transverse sealing of the tubular film Ft and the cutting of the tubular film Ft by the sealing jaws  244   b  are the same as those of the sealing jaws  244   a , so description thereof will be omitted. 
     (2-2) Film Supply Unit 
     The film supply unit  100  will now be described with reference to more drawings. 
       FIG. 5  is a general perspective view of the film supply unit  100 .  FIG. 6  is an enlarged perspective view around a holding mechanism support frame  120  of the film supply unit  100 .  FIG. 7  is a sectional perspective view showing the internal structure of a frame shaft  130  that rotatably supports the holding mechanism support frame  120 .  FIG. 8  is an enlarged side view of main portions of the film supply unit  100  in a state in which the film rolls FR have been attached to the first holding mechanism  110   a  and the second holding mechanism  110   b .  FIG. 9  is an enlarged side view of main portions of the film supply unit  100  in a state in which the first holding mechanism  110   a  has been moved to a film roll standby position A 3 .  FIG. 10  is a general plan view, around the frame shaft  130  of the film supply unit  100 , for describing the transmission of driving force to the frame shaft  130 , the first shaft  111   a , and the second shaft  111   b.    
     The film supply unit  100  is a unit that supplies the film F wound into the film rolls FR to the bag-making and packaging unit  200 . In the film supply unit  100 , the film F is guided to the bag-making and packaging unit  200  by the plural rollers  170  disposed along a conveyance path of the film F. The rollers  170  include the fixed rollers  182  and the movable rollers  185  of the tension adjusting mechanism  180 . 
     The film supply unit  100  has the tension adjusting mechanism  180  that adjusts the tension that acts on the film F that is conveyed. The film supply unit  100  also has the first holding mechanism  110   a  and the second holding mechanism  110   b , a holding mechanism support frame  120 , a frame shaft  130 , a moving mechanism  139 , and a film drawing mechanism  116 . The film supply unit  100  also has a leading end portion position adjusting mechanism  140 . The film supply unit  100  also has a trailing end position adjusting/film splicing mechanism  160 . 
     The leading end portion position adjusting mechanism  140  mainly includes a leading end portion position adjustment sensor  142 , a film temporary placement member  143 , a temporary restraining mechanism  144 , and a terminal end position adjustment air nozzle  146 . The leading end portion position adjusting mechanism  140  is used mainly for adjusting the position of the leading end portion of the film F wound into the film roll FR and the neighboring portion of the terminal end of the film F when a new film roll FR for replacement is attached to the first holding mechanism  110   a  or the second holding mechanism  110   b.    
     Here, the leading end portion, the trailing end portion, and the terminal end of the film F are defined as follows. 
     First, in defining these terms, a case is supposed where the film F of the film roll FR (for convenience of description, hereinafter called the used film roll FR) that one of the first holding mechanism  110   a  and the second holding mechanism  110   b  holds is used up and the film F of the film roll FR (for convenience of description, hereinafter called the replacement film roll FR) that the other of the first holding mechanism  110   a  and the second holding mechanism  110   b  holds is spliced to the film F of the used film roll FR by a later-described splicing mechanism  162 . 
     At this time, the portion of the film F of the replacement film roll FR that is spliced to the film F of the used film roll FR is called the leading end portion of the film F. Furthermore, the portion of the film F of the used film roll FR that is spliced to the leading end portion of the film F of the replacement film roll FR is called the trailing end portion of the film F. Furthermore, the terminal end of the film F here means the end on the pull-out side (the opposite side of the side connected to the winding core not shown in the drawings) of the film F wound into the replacement film roll FR. For example, using  FIG. 8  and  FIG. 9  as an example, the portion denoted by reference sign F 1 L is the leading end portion of the film F (of the replacement film roll FR), the portion denoted by reference sign F 2 T is the trailing end portion of the film F (of the used film roll FR), and the portion denoted by reference sign FIE is the terminal end of the film F (of the replacement film roll FR). 
     As described later, positional adjustment of the leading end portion of the film F of the replacement film roll FR and the trailing end portion of the film F of the used film roll FR is performed to reduce misalignment of the printing P on the film F from occurring when the film F of the replacement film roll FR and the film F of the used film roll FR are spliced together by the splicing mechanism  162 . 
     In the following description there are cases where, in addition to the above expressions, the expression “detecting the trailing end of the film roll FR” is used. “Detecting the trailing end of the film roll FR” means detecting a state in which all the film F wound into the film roll FR has been pulled out from the film roll FR. 
     The trailing end position adjusting/film splicing mechanism  160  mainly includes a splicing mechanism  162 , a first clamp  163 , a second clamp  164 , a knife  166 , a pinch roller  168 , a trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152 , a trailing end portion position adjustment second sensor  154 , and a cooling air electromagnetic valve  161   a . The trailing end position adjusting/film splicing mechanism  160  is used mainly for detecting that the film F of the film roll FR (for convenience of description, hereinafter called the used film roll FR) that one of the holding mechanisms  110   a ,  110   b  holds has been used up, adjusting the position of the trailing end portion of the film F of the used film roll FR to an appropriate position, and splicing the trailing end portion of the film F of the used film roll FR to the film F of the film roll FR (for convenience of description, hereinafter called the replacement film roll FR) that the other of the holding mechanisms  110   a ,  110   b  holds. 
     Below, the various devices, mechanisms, and members of the film supply unit  100  will be described. 
     The film rolls FR that the holding mechanisms  110   a ,  110   b  hold are the same type of film roll into which the same type of sheet-like film F is wound. However, below, for convenience of description, there are cases where the film roll that the first holding mechanism  110   a  holds is called a first film roll FR 1  into which sheet-like first film F 1  is wound. Furthermore, there are cases where the film roll that the second holding mechanism  110   b  holds is called a second film roll FR 2  into which second film F 2  is wound. 
     (2-2-1) Holding Mechanisms 
     The first holding mechanism  110   a  and the second holding mechanism  110   b  are mechanisms that hold the film rolls FR (the first film roll FR 1  and the second film roll FR 2  respectively) in which the sheet-like film F (the first film F 1  and the second film F 2  respectively) is wound around hollow winding cores (not shown in the drawings) (see  FIG. 6 ). 
     The first holding mechanism  110   a  has the first shaft  111   a  to which the first film roll FR 1  is attached and which rotatably holds the first film roll FR 1  that has been attached (see  FIG. 6 ). The first shaft  111   a  is a cantilever shaft having one end supported by the holding mechanism support frame  120 . When a connection mechanism  111   a   1  (e.g., an air chuck) is driven in a state in which the first shaft  111   a  has been inserted through the hollow winding core of the first film roll FR 1 , the first film roll FR 1  is secured to the first shaft  111   a  (see  FIG. 6 ). When the first shaft  111   a  is rotated by the first holding mechanism motor  114   a  in this state, the first film roll FR 1  rotates together with the first shaft  111   a.    
     It is preferred that the first holding mechanism  110   a  have a first guide member  119  that guides the first film F 1  so that the first film F 1  is disposed along a predetermined path when performing positional adjustment of the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1  wound into the first film roll FR 1  after the first film roll FR 1  has been attached to the first shaft  111   a  (see  FIG. 8 ). Furthermore, it is preferred that the first holding mechanism  110   a  have a first film restraining mechanism  117  that restrains the first film F 1  until the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1  and the trailing end portion F 2 T of the second film F 2  is spliced together when the first film roll FR 1  has been attached to the first shaft  111   a  and the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1  wound into the first film roll FR 1  has been aligned with a prescribed position (the position where the leading end portion F 1 L should be disposed) in a way described later (see  FIG. 8 ). The first film restraining mechanism  117  includes fixed rollers  112  and an air cylinder  118   a  that has a movable roller  118  attached to the distal end of a rod (see  FIG. 8 ). When the air cylinder  118   a  is driven and the movable roller  118  is pushed against the fixed rollers  112 , the first film F 1  disposed between the movable roller  118  and the fixed rollers  112  is restrained between the movable roller  118  and the fixed rollers  112  (in particular, a fixed roller  112   a  disposed in the middle in the state shown in  FIG. 8  out of three rollers disposed side by side). Although the air cylinder  118   a  is given here as an example of the mechanism for moving the movable roller  118 , the mechanism for moving the movable roller  118  can also be a hydraulic cylinder or a motor. The first guide member  119 , the fixed rollers  112 , and the air cylinder  118   a  are attached to an arm  122   a  that extends from the holding mechanism support frame  120  (see  FIG. 8 ). 
     The second holding mechanism  110   b  has the second shaft  111   b  to which the second film roll FR 2  is attached and which rotatably holds the second film roll FR 2  that has been attached (see  FIG. 6 ). The second shaft  111   b  is a cantilever shaft having one end supported by the holding mechanism support frame  120 . When a connection mechanism  111   b   1  (e.g., an air chuck) is driven in a state in which the second shaft  111   b  has been inserted through the hollow winding core of the second film roll FR 2 , the second film roll FR 2  is secured to the second shaft  111   b  (see  FIG. 6 ). When the second shaft  111   b  is rotated by the second holding mechanism motor  114   b  in this state, the second film roll FR 2  rotates together with the second shaft  111   b.    
     Although detailed description is omitted for the sake of simplifying description, it is preferred that the second holding mechanism  110   b  also have a second guide member and a second film restraining mechanism (not shown in the drawings) respectively having the same structures and functions as the first guide member  119  and the first film restraining mechanism  117 . 
     When the film F is drawn from the film roll FR that the first holding mechanism  110   a  or the second holding mechanism  110   b  holds, the film F that has been drawn is conveyed by the film conveyor belts  220 . The film F that has been pulled out from the film roll FR is guided by the plural rollers  170  including the movable rollers  185  and the fixed rollers  182  of the tension adjusting mechanism  180  and is conveyed to the former body  212  of the former unit  210  of the bag-making and packaging unit  200  (see  FIG. 2 ). 
     (2-2-2) Tension Adjusting Mechanism 
     The tension adjusting mechanism  180  is a mechanism that adjusts the magnitude of the tension that acts on the film F that is conveyed. The tension adjusting mechanism  180  mainly has the three fixed rollers  182 , a movable roller mechanism  184 , a shaft  184   a , a movable roller mechanism air cylinder  187 , and an encoder  188  (see  FIG. 3  and  FIG. 8 ). The movable roller mechanism  184  has the two movable rollers  185  and a pair of arms  186  (see  FIG. 8 ). The arms  186  are members that support the two movable rollers  185 . The pair of arms  186  are disposed on the left side and the right side of the movable rollers  185 , so as to sandwich the movable rollers  185  that extend in the right and left direction, and support the end portions of the movable rollers  185 . The arms  186  are rotatably supported by the shaft  184   a  that extends in the right and left direction. The movable roller mechanism air cylinder  187  has a rod (not shown in the drawings) whose distal end is connected to an arm (not shown in the drawings) that extends in the radial direction from the shaft  184   a . When the movable roller mechanism air cylinder  187  is driven, a force that causes the shaft  184   a  to rotate is generated. 
     The fixed rollers  182  and the movable rollers  185  are disposed on the conveyance path of the film F that is drawn from the film roll FR. The fixed rollers  182  and the movable rollers  185  are disposed between the film roll FR and the former body  212  in the conveyance direction of the film F (see  FIG. 2 ). The fixed rollers  182  and the movable rollers  185  are all freely rotatable rollers. The fixed rollers  182  and the movable rollers  185  all extend in the right and left direction. The fixed rollers  182  are secured to a frame (not shown in the drawings) of the bag-making and packaging machine  1000 , and their position does not change. In contrast, the movable rollers  185  are secured to the arms  186  that are rotatable about the axial center of the shaft  184   a  as described above, so their position is changed by the movement of the arms  186  (i.e., the movable rollers  185  are movable). 
     The fixed rollers  182  and the movable rollers  185  contact the film F conveyed thereto from the film roll FR and guide the film F. The film F is entrained about the fixed rollers  182  and the movable rollers  185  so that when the film F is conveyed from the film roll FR the film F sequentially contacts, from the upstream side, a fixed roller  182 , a movable roller  185 , a fixed roller  182 , a movable roller  185 , and a fixed roller  182  (see  FIG. 8 ). The film F is entrained about the fixed rollers  182  and the movable rollers  185  in such a way that the fixed rollers  182  contact the lower surface (the printed surface Fa) of the film F that is conveyed and the movable rollers  185  contact the upper surface (the non-printed surface Fb) of the film F that is conveyed (see  FIG. 8 ). 
     The movable rollers  185  that contact the upper surface of the film F conveyed thereto push the film F downward because of the resultant force of the self-weight of the movable roller mechanism  184  and the force that the movable roller mechanism air cylinder  187  produces and which causes the shaft  184   a  to rotate. As a result, the movable rollers  185  cause tension to act on the film F. By controlling the actions of the movable roller mechanism air cylinder  187 , the force with which the movable rollers  185  push the film F downward changes and the tension that acts on the film F changes. 
     Attached to one end of the shaft  184   a  is the encoder  188  (see  FIG. 3 ) for detecting the angle of rotation of the shaft  184   a . The detection result of the encoder  188  is used in control of the position of the movable rollers  185  by the controller  300  described later. The detection result of the encoder  188  can also be utilized in detection of the trailing end of the film roll FR by the controller  300  described later. 
     When the film F is conveyed during the operation of the bag-making and packaging machine  1000 , as described later the controller  300  adjusts, on the basis of the detection result of the encoder  188 , the rotational speed of the shaft  111   a ,  111   b  of the holding mechanism  110   a ,  110   b  holding the film roll FR from which the film F is drawn (in other words, the drawing speed of the film F) and controls, to a predetermined position, the position of the movable rollers  185  that guide the film F. For example, when the film roll FR from which the film F is drawn is the second film roll FR 2 , the controller  300  adjusts the rotational speed of the second shaft  111   b  of the second holding mechanism  110   b  holding the second film roll FR 2  to thereby control, to the predetermined position (a predetermined position region), the position of the movable rollers  185  that guide the second film F 2 . 
     (2-2-3) Holding Mechanism Support Frame 
     The holding mechanism support frame  120  is an example of a frame that supports plural film roll holding mechanisms. In this embodiment, the holding mechanism support frame  120  supports the first holding mechanism  110   a  and the second holding mechanism  110   b . In particular, the holding mechanism support frame  120  rotatably supports the first shaft  111   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a  and rotatably supports the second shaft  111   b  of the second holding mechanism  110   b.    
     An arm  122   a  and an arm  122   b  extend from the holding mechanism support frame  120 . Attached to the arm  122   a  are the first guide member  119  and the fixed rollers  112  and the air cylinder  118   a  of the first film restraining member  117  of the first holding mechanism  110   a . Attached to the arm  122   b  are the second guide member and the fixed rollers and the air cylinder of the second film restraining mechanism (not shown in the drawings). The second guide member and the second film restraining mechanism of the second holding mechanism  110   b  respectively have the same structures and functions as the first guide member  119  and the first film restraining mechanism  117  of the first holding mechanism  110   a  except that they are for the second holding mechanism  110   b.    
     (2-2-4) Frame Shaft 
     The frame shaft  130  is a shaft that rotatably supports the holding mechanism support frame  120 . 
     When the holding mechanism support frame  120  rotates about the central axis of the frame shaft  130 , the first shaft  111   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a  and the second shaft  111   b  of the second holding mechanism  110   b  also rotate about the central axis of the frame shaft  130 . Furthermore, when the holding mechanism support frame  120  rotates about the central axis of the frame shaft  130 , the arm  122   a  and the arm  122   b  of the holding mechanism support frame  120  also rotate about the central axis of the frame shaft  130 . When the holding mechanism support frame  120  rotates about the central axis of the frame shaft  130 , the relative positional relationship between the first shaft  111   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a  and the arm  122   a  of the holding mechanism support frame  120  does not change. Furthermore, when the holding mechanism support frame  120  rotates about the central axis of the frame shaft  130 , the relative positional relationship between the second shaft  111   b  of the second holding mechanism  110   b  and the arm  122   b  of the holding mechanism support frame  120  does not change. 
     The frame shaft  130  has a multilayer shaft structure. Here, the frame shaft  130  has a three-layer shaft structure. The frame shaft  130  includes a first layer shaft  132  that is disposed as the outermost layer and is the largest in diameter, a third layer shaft  136  that is disposed as the innermost layer and is the smallest in diameter, and a second layer shaft  134  that is disposed between the first layer shaft  132  and the third layer shaft  136  (see  FIG. 7 ). The first layer shaft  132 , the second layer shaft  134 , and the third layer shaft  136  can rotate respectively independently. 
     The first layer shaft  132  is a shaft for rotating the holding mechanism support frame  120 . One end of the first layer shaft  132  is secured to the holding mechanism support frame  120 . When the first layer shaft  132  is rotated by the moving mechanism  139  as described later, the holding mechanism support frame  120  rotates. 
     The second layer shaft  134  is a shaft for rotating the first shaft  111   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a . When the second layer shaft  134  is rotated by the film drawing mechanism  116  as described later, the first shaft  111   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a  rotates. Specifically, when the second layer shaft  134  is rotated by the first holding mechanism motor  114   a  of the film drawing mechanism  116 , the first shaft  111   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a  is rotated and the first film F 1  is drawn from the first film roll FR 1  attached to the first shaft  111   a.    
     The third layer shaft  136  is a shaft for rotating the second shaft  111   b  of the second holding mechanism  110   b . When the third layer shaft  136  is rotated by the film drawing mechanism  116  as described later, the second shaft  111   b  of the second holding mechanism  110   b  rotates. Specifically, when the third layer shaft  136  is rotated by the second holding mechanism motor  114   b  of the film drawing mechanism  116 , the second shaft  111   b  of the second holding mechanism  110   b  is rotated and the second film F 2  is drawn from the second film roll FR 2  attached to the second shaft  111   b.    
     (2-2-5) Moving Mechanism 
     The moving mechanism  139  rotates the holding mechanism support frame  120  to thereby move the first holding mechanism  110   a  and the second holding mechanism  110   b  between at least a film roll setting position A 1  and a film supply position A 2 . Preferably, the moving mechanism  139  also rotates the holding mechanism support frame  120  to thereby move one of the first holding mechanism  110   a  and the second holding mechanism  110   b  to a film roll standby position A 3  and move the other of the first holding mechanism  110   a  and the second holding mechanism  110   b  to a film supply position A 4 . The film roll setting position A 1  of the first holding mechanism  110   a  and the second holding mechanism  110   b  is the position where the first holding mechanism  110   a  is disposed in  FIG. 8 . The film supply position A 2  of the first holding mechanism  110   a  and the second holding mechanism  110   b  is the position where the second holding mechanism  110   b  is disposed in  FIG. 8 . The film roll standby position A 3  of the first holding mechanism  110   a  and the second holding mechanism  110   b  is the position where the first holding mechanism  110   a  is disposed in  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 9 . The film supply position A 4  of the first holding mechanism  110   a  and the second holding mechanism  110   b  is the position where the second holding mechanism  110   b  is disposed in  FIG. 2 . The film roll standby position A 3  is a position rotated by a predetermined angle (e.g., 45°) counter-clockwise around the frame shaft  130  from the film roll setting position A 1  about the central axis of the frame shaft  130  as seen in a right side view. Although it is not limited, the film supply position A 2  is a position rotated by a predetermined angle (e.g., 135°) counter-clockwise around the frame shaft  130  from the film roll standby position A 3  about the central axis of the frame shaft  130  as seen in a right side view. The film supply position A 4  is a position rotated by a predetermined angle (e.g., 45°) counter-clockwise around the frame shaft  130  from the film supply position A 2  about the central axis of the frame shaft  130  as seen in a right side view. 
     The film roll setting position A 1  is a position where the film roll FR is attached to the first shaft  111   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a  and the second shaft  111   b  of the second holding mechanism  110   b . That is, in this bag-making and packaging machine  1000 , the film roll FR is attached to the shafts  111   a ,  111   b  at the same position to both of the first holding mechanism  110   a  and the second holding mechanism  110   b.    
     The film supply positions A 2 , A 4  are positions where the film F supplied to the bag-making and packaging unit  200  is drawn from the film roll FR attached to the shafts  111   a ,  111   b  at the time of the bag-making and packaging actions of the bag-making and packaging machine  1000 . That is, one of the holding mechanisms  110   a ,  110   b  holding the film roll FR that supplies the film F to the bag-making and packaging unit  200  is disposed mainly in one of the film supply position A 2  and the film supply position A 4  when the bag-making and packaging actions are performed in the bag-making and packaging unit  200 . 
     The film roll standby position A 3  is a position where the first holding mechanism  110   a  to whose first shaft  111   a  the first film roll FR 1  was attached in the film roll setting position A 1  stands by until the second film F 2  of the second film roll FR 2  that the second holding mechanism  110   b  is holding is used up. Furthermore, the film roll standby position A 3  is a position where the second holding mechanism  110   b  to whose second shaft  111   b  the second film roll FR 2  was attached in the film roll setting position A 1  stands by until the first film F 1  of the first film roll FR 1  that the first holding mechanism  110   a  is holding is used up. 
     Furthermore, the film roll standby position A 3  is a position where the first holding mechanism  110   a  is disposed when the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1  of the first film roll FR 1  attached to the first shaft  111   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a  is spliced, by the splicing mechanism  162  described later, to the trailing end portion F 2 T of the second film F 2  of the second film roll FR 2  attached to the second shaft  111   b  of the second holding mechanism  110   b . That is, when the first holding mechanism  110   a  has been moved to the film roll standby position A 3 , the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1  is moved to a position (called a splicing position) where it is spliced by the splicing mechanism  162  to the trailing end portion F 2 T of the second film F 2 . Likewise, the film roll standby position A 3  is a position where the second holding mechanism  110   b  is disposed when the leading end portion (not shown in the drawings) of the second film F 2  of the second film roll FR 2  attached to the second shaft  111   b  of the second holding mechanism  110   b  is spliced, by the splicing mechanism  162  described later, to the trailing end portion (not shown in the drawings) of the first film F 1  of the first film roll FR 1  attached to the first shaft  111   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a . When the second holding mechanism  110   b  has been moved to the film roll standby position A 3 , the leading end portion of the second film F 2  is moved to the position (the splicing position) where it is spliced by the splicing mechanism  162  to the trailing end portion of the first film F 1 . 
     The structure of the moving mechanism  139  will now be described. 
     The moving mechanism  139  mainly includes a frame rotation motor  138  and a frame rotation transmission mechanism  137 . The frame rotation motor  138  is a motor for rotating the holding mechanism support frame  120 . The frame rotation transmission mechanism  137  is a mechanism that transmits the driving force of the frame rotation motor  138  to the first layer shaft  132  of the frame shaft  130 . 
     The frame rotation transmission mechanism  137  includes a belt  137   a , a drive roller  137   b , and a follower roller  137   c . The belt  137   a  is entrained about the drive roller  137   b  and the follower roller  137   c . The drive roller  137   b  is connected to the frame rotation motor  138  and is driven by the frame rotation motor  138 . The follower roller  137   c  is connected to one end of the first layer shaft  132  of the frame shaft  130  (the end portion of the first layer shaft  132  on the side not connected to the holding mechanism support frame  120 ). When the frame rotation motor  138  is driven, the drive roller  137   b  rotates, the follower roller  137   c  rotates via the belt  137   a , and the first layer shaft  132  also rotates. As a result of the first layer shaft  132  rotating, the holding mechanism support frame  120  is rotated and the first holding mechanism  110   a  and the second holding mechanism  110   b  are moved. 
     Detection of the posture of the holding mechanism support frame  120  that is rotated by the moving mechanism  139  can be realized inexpensively by a mechanism  400  such as described below, for example. 
     As shown in  FIG. 11 , the mechanism  400  for detecting the posture of the holding mechanism support frame  120  has a first member  402 , a second member  404 , and a third member  406 , which are all secured to an end portion of the first layer shaft  132  (which all rotate together with the first layer shaft  132 ), and two photoelectric sensors  408 A,  408 B. The first member  402  is a plate formed in the shape of a fan with a radius R 1  centered on a rotational axis O of the first layer shaft  132  when the end portion of the first layer shaft  132  to which the first member  402  is attached is seen from the side. The second member  404  is a plate having a shape such as in  FIG. 11  in which its outer peripheral side is defined by a circular arc with a radius R 2  (&gt;R 1 ) centered on the rotational axis O of the first layer shaft  132 , its inner peripheral side is defined by a circular arc with a radius R 1  centered on the rotational axis O of the first layer shaft  132 , and these circular arcs are connected by two straight lines extending in the radial direction with respect to the rotational axis O when the end portion of the first layer shaft  132  to which the second member  404  is attached is seen from the side. The third member  406  is a plate formed in the shape of a fan with a radius R 2  centered on the rotational axis O of the first layer shaft  132  when the end portion of the first layer shaft  132  to which the third member  406  is attached is seen from the side. The photoelectric sensor  408 A detects whether or not the first member  402  and the third member  406  are present in a position located a distance K 1  (K 1 &lt;R 1 ) from the rotational center O when the end portion of the first layer shaft  132  to which the first member  402  is attached is seen from the side. The photoelectric sensor  408 B is disposed on a straight line interconnecting the rotational center O and the photoelectric sensor  408 A and detects whether or not the second member  404  and the third member  406  are present in a position located a distance K 2  (R 1 &lt;K 2 &lt;R 2 ) away from the rotational center O when the end portion of the first layer shaft  132  to which the first member  402  is attached is seen from the side. The positions of the two photoelectric sensors  408 A,  408 B do not change regardless of the rotation of the first layer shaft  132 . 
     The first member  402 , the second member  404 , and the third member  406  are disposed in such a way that when detection of the members  402 ,  404 ,  406  is performed using the two photoelectric sensors  408 A,  408 B as in  FIG. 11 , depending on the angle of rotation of the first layer shaft  132 , there arise a state in which just one of the two photoelectric sensors  408 A,  408 B is detecting a member, a state in which both of the two photoelectric sensors  408 A,  408 B are detecting a member, and a state in which neither of the two photoelectric sensors  408 A,  408 B is detecting a member. By utilizing combinations of the detection results of the two photoelectric sensors  408 A,  408 B, the rough angle of rotation of the first layer shaft  132 , and therefore the posture of the holding mechanism support frame  120 , can be detected. 
     Here, a case where the three members  402 ,  404 ,  406  are attached to the end portion of the first layer shaft  132  and the two photoelectric sensors  408 A,  408 B are used is described as an example. The posture of the holding mechanism support frame  120  can be detected with even greater precision by using the above detection principle and increasing the quantity of members and photoelectric sensors. 
     (2-2-6) Film Drawing Mechanism 
     The film drawing mechanism  116  respectively independently rotates the shafts (the first shaft  111   a  and the second shaft  111   b ) of the plural holding mechanisms (the first holding mechanism  110   a  and the second holding mechanism  110   b ) to thereby draw the film (the first film F 1  and the second film F 2 ) from the film rolls (the first film roll FR 1  and the second film roll FR 2 ) attached to the shafts of the plural holding mechanisms. The film drawing mechanism  116  is configured to be capable of changing the drawing speed of the first film roll FR 1  and the second film roll FR 2  at the time of the bag-making and packaging actions in the bag-making and packaging unit  200 . 
     The film drawing mechanism  116  includes the first holding mechanism motor  114   a , the second holding mechanism motor  114   b , a first transmission mechanism  115   a , a second transmission mechanism  115   b , a third transmission mechanism  115   c , and a fourth transmission mechanism  115   d.    
     The first holding mechanism motor  114   a  rotates the first shaft  111   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a  out of the plural holding mechanisms  110   a ,  110   b . The first holding mechanism motor  114   a  preferably is a servo motor. The first transmission mechanism  115   a  transmits the driving force of the first holding mechanism motor  114   a  to the second layer shaft  134  of the frame shaft  130 . The second transmission mechanism  115   b  transmits the driving force that has been transmitted to the second layer shaft  134  of the frame shaft  130  to the first shaft  11   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a  that is the driving target of the first holding mechanism motor  114   a.    
     The first transmission mechanism  115   a  includes a belt  115   a   1 , a drive roller  115   a   2 , and a follower roller  115   a   3 . The belt  115   a   1  is entrained about the drive roller  115   a   2  and the follower roller  115   a   3 . The drive roller  115   a   2  is connected to the first holding mechanism motor  114   a  and is driven by the first holding mechanism motor  114   a . The follower roller  115   a   3  is connected to one end of the second layer shaft  134  of the frame shaft  130 . When the first holding mechanism motor  114   a  is driven, the drive roller  115   a   2  rotates, the follower roller  115   a   3  rotates via the belt  115   a   1 , and the second layer shaft  134  also rotates. 
     The second transmission mechanism  115   b  includes a belt  115   b   1 , a drive roller  115   b   2 , and a follower roller  115   b   3 . The belt  115   b   1  is entrained about the drive roller  115   b   2  and the follower roller  115   b   3 . The drive roller  115   b   2  is connected to one end (the end portion on the opposite side of the side where the follower roller  115   a   3  is connected) of the second layer shaft  134  of the frame shaft  130 , and when the second layer shaft  134  rotates, the drive roller  115   b   2  also rotates. The follower roller  115   b   3  is connected to one end (the end portion on the side supported by the holding mechanism support frame  120 ) of the first shaft  111   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a . When the second layer shaft  134  rotates, the drive roller  115   b   2  rotates, the follower roller  115   b   3  rotates via the belt  115   b   1 , and the first shaft  111   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a  also rotates. 
     Because the first transmission mechanism  115   a  and the second transmission mechanism  115   b  are configured as described above, when the first holding mechanism motor  114   a  is driven, the driving force of the first holding mechanism motor  114   a  is transmitted via the first transmission mechanism  115   a  and the second transmission mechanism  115   b  to the first shaft  11   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a , whereby the first shaft  111   a  is rotated. As a result, the first film F 1  is drawn from the first film roll FR 1  attached to the first shaft  111   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a.    
     The second holding mechanism motor  114   b  rotates the second shaft  111   b  of the second holding mechanism  110   b  out of the plural holding mechanisms  110   a ,  110   b . The second holding mechanism motor  114   b  preferably is a servo motor. The third transmission mechanism  115   c  transmits the driving force of the second holding mechanism motor  114   b  to the third layer shaft  136  of the frame shaft  130 . The fourth transmission mechanism  115   d  transmits the driving force that has been transmitted to the third layer shaft  136  of the frame shaft  130  to the second shaft  111   b  of the second holding mechanism  110   b  that is the driving target of the second holding mechanism motor  114   b.    
     The third transmission mechanism  115   c  includes a belt  115   c   1 , a drive roller  115   c   2 , and a follower roller  115   c   3 . The belt  115   c   1  is entrained about the drive roller  115   c   2  and the follower roller  115   c   3 . The drive roller  115   c   2  is connected to the second holding mechanism motor  114   b  and is driven by the second holding mechanism motor  114   b . The follower roller  115   c   3  is connected to one end of the third layer shaft  136  of the frame shaft  130 . When the second holding mechanism motor  114   b  is driven, the drive roller  115   c   2  rotates, the follower roller  115   c   3  rotates via the belt  115   c   1 , and the third layer shaft  136  also rotates. 
     The fourth transmission mechanism  115   d  includes a belt  115   d   1 , a drive roller  115   d   2 , and a follower roller  115   d   3 . The belt  115   d   1  is entrained about the drive roller  115   d   2  and the follower roller  115   d   3 . The drive roller  115   d   2  is connected to one end (the end portion on the opposite side of the side where the follower roller  115   c   3  is connected) of the third layer shaft  136  of the frame shaft  130 , and when the third layer shaft  136  rotates, the drive roller  115   d   2  also rotates. The follower roller  115   d   3  is connected to one end (the end portion on the side supported by the holding mechanism support frame  120 ) of the second shaft  111   b  of the second holding mechanism  110   b . When the third layer shaft  136  rotates, the drive roller  115   d   2  rotates, the follower roller  115   d   3  rotates via the belt  115   d   1 , and the second shaft  111   b  of the second holding mechanism  110   b  also rotates. 
     Because the third transmission mechanism  115   c  and the fourth transmission mechanism  115   d  are configured as described above, when the second holding mechanism motor  114   b  is driven, the driving force of the second holding mechanism motor  114   b  is transmitted via the third transmission mechanism  115   c  and the fourth transmission mechanism  115   d  to the second shaft  111   b  of the second holding mechanism  110   b , whereby the second shaft  111   b  is rotated. As a result, the second film F 2  is drawn from the second film roll FR 2  attached to the second shaft  111   b  of the second holding mechanism  110   b.    
     (2-2-7) Splicing Mechanism 
     The splicing mechanism  162  is a mechanism that splices together the first film F 1  wound into the first film roll FR 1  attached to the first shaft  111   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a  and the second film F 2  wound into the second film roll FR 2  attached to the second shaft  111   b  of the second holding mechanism  110   b . The splicing mechanism  162  is a mechanism that sandwiches the first film F 1  and the second film F 2  between itself and the first guide member  119  or the second guide member (not shown in the drawings) and applies pressure to the first film F 1  and the second film F 2  and heat the first film F 1  and the second film F 2  using a heater (not shown in the drawings) to thereby heat-weld the first film F 1  and the second film F 2  to each other. However, the splicing method is not limited to heat welding, and the splicing mechanism  162  can be a mechanism that splices together the first film F 1  and the second film F 2  by ultrasonic welding. 
     When the second film F 2  of the second film roll FR 2  has been used up, the splicing mechanism  162  splices together the trailing end portion F 2 T of the second film F 2  wound into the second film roll FR 2  attached to the second shaft  111   b  of the second holding mechanism  110   b  and the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1  wound into the first film roll FR 1  attached to the first shaft  111   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a . Furthermore, when the first film F 1  of the first film roll FR 1  has been used up, the splicing mechanism  162  splices together the trailing end portion (not shown in the drawings) of the first film F 1  wound into the first film roll FR 1  attached to the first shaft  111   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a  and the leading end portion (not shown in the drawings) of the second film F 2  wound into the second film roll FR 2  attached to the second shaft  111   b  of the second holding mechanism  110   b.    
     (2-2-8) Leading End Portion Position Adjusting Mechanism 
     The leading end portion position adjusting mechanism  140  is a mechanism used mainly for adjusting the position of the leading end portion of the film F wound into the film roll FR and the neighboring portion of the terminal end of the film F when the replacement film roll FR has been attached to the first holding mechanism  110   a  or the second holding mechanism  110   b . The leading end portion position adjusting mechanism  140  includes the leading end portion position adjustment sensor  142 , the film temporary placement member  143 , the temporary restraining mechanism  144 , and the terminal end position adjustment air nozzle  146  (see  FIG. 8 ). 
     (2-2-8-1) Leading End Portion Position Adjustment Sensor 
     The leading end portion position adjustment sensor  142  is a sensor that detects that the leading end portion of the film F is positioned in the prescribed position when a film roll FR is attached to the first shaft  111   a  and the second shaft  111   b  of the first holding mechanism  110   b  and the second holding mechanism  110   b  disposed in the film roll setting position A 1  and the operator sets the leading end portion of the film F wound into that film roll FR in the prescribed position. In a case when the leading end portion of the film F is disposed in the prescribed position, the leading end portion of the film F is disposed in the splicing position where the film F is spliced by the splicing mechanism  162  when the holding mechanisms  110   a ,  110   b , to which the film roll FR has been set at the film roll setting position A 1 , are moved by the moving mechanism  139  to the film roll standby position A 3 . The leading end portion position adjustment sensor  142  can directly detect that the leading end portion of the film F is positioned in the prescribed position or can detect that a predetermined part (a part other than the leading end portion) of the film F is positioned in a target position (a position by which, when the predetermined part of the film F is in that position, the leading end portion of the film F becomes positioned in the prescribed position). 
     The leading end portion position adjustment sensor  142  is disposed above the film temporary placement member  143 . 
     The leading end portion position adjustment sensor  142  is, for example, a register mark sensor that detects the register marks M printed on the printed surface Fa of the film F. Here, the leading end portion position adjustment sensor  142  detects that a register mark M is positioned in the target position (the detection position of the leading end portion position adjustment sensor  142 ) and thereby detects, on the basis of the detection result, that the leading end portion of the film F is positioned in the prescribed position. 
     The type of the leading end portion position adjustment sensor  142  is not limited to a register mark sensor and, for example, can also be a sensor utilizing a camera. For example, the leading end portion position adjustment sensor can detect that the leading end portion of the film F is positioned in the prescribed position on the basis of the position of the printing P on the printed surface Fa of the film F imaged by the camera. 
     (2-2-8-2) Film Temporary Placement Member 
     The film temporary placement member  143  is a member on which the neighborhood of the leading end portion of the film F pulled out from the film roll FR is manually temporarily placed when the operator of the bag-making and packaging machine  1000  attaches the replacement film roll FR to the holding mechanisms  110   a ,  110   b , namely, attaches the replacement film roll FR to the shafts  111   a ,  111   b  of the holding mechanisms  110   a ,  110   b . The film temporary placement member  143  has a temporary placement surface  143   a  on which the film F is temporarily placed. 
     Details relating to the film temporary placement member  143  will now be further described taking as an example the action of setting the film F (the first film F 1 ) that the operator of the bag-making and packaging machine  1000  attaches the replacement film roll FR (the first film roll FR 1 ) to the first holding mechanism  110   a . The action of setting the film F (the second film F 2 ) performed when attaching the replacement film roll FR (the second film roll FR 2 ) to the second holding mechanism  110   b  is the same as the action of setting the first film F 1 , so description thereof will be omitted. 
     After the operator of the bag-making and packaging machine  1000  has attached the replacement first film roll FR 1  to the first holding mechanism  110   a , the operator guides the first film F 1  so that the first film F 1  of the first film roll FR 1  travels a predetermined path. Specifically, after the operator has attached the first film roll FR 1  to the first shaft  111   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a , the operator guides the first film F 1  so that the first film F 1  pulled out from the first film roll FR 1  extends along the upper surface of the first guide member  119  and passes between the fixed rollers  112  and the movable roller  118  of the first film restraining mechanism  117 . Moreover, the operator manually temporarily places, on the temporary placement surface  143   a  of the film temporary placement member  143 , the neighborhood of the leading end portion of the film F pulled out from the film roll FR. Preferably, the operator temporarily places the first film F 1  on the temporary placement surface  143   a  of the film temporary placement member  143  in such a way that the register mark M printed on the printed surface F 1   a  of the first film F 1  and located in the neighborhood of the terminal end F 1 E of the first film F 1  is disposed in a predetermined position range of the film temporary placement member  143  (e.g., in a position range of about 50 mm in the length direction of the first film F 1 ). It is preferred that the position of the film temporary placement member  143  be designed in such a way that the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1  is disposed in a predetermined position range with respect to the prescribed position in the conveyance path on which the first film F 1  is conveyed by the first holding mechanism motor  114   a  as described later, when the register mark M printed on the printed surface F 1   a  of the first film F 1  is temporarily placed in the predetermined position range of the film temporary placement member  143  when attaching the first film roll FR 1  to the first holding mechanism  110   a . More preferably, it is preferred that the position of the film temporary placement member  143  be designed in such a way that the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1  is disposed on the upstream side of the prescribed position and in a predetermined position range with respect to the prescribed position in the conveyance path on which the first film F 1  is conveyed by the first holding mechanism motor  114   a , when the register mark M printed on the printed surface F 1   a  of the first film F 1  is temporarily placed in the predetermined position range of the film temporary placement member  143  when attaching the first film roll FR 1  to the first holding mechanism  110   a.    
     In this embodiment, the film F pulled out from the film roll FR of the holding mechanisms  110   a ,  110   b  disposed in the film roll setting position A 1  is temporarily placed on the film temporary placement member  143  in a state in which, as in  FIG. 8 , the non-printed surface Fb thereof (in  FIG. 8 , the non-printed surface Flb of the first film F 1 ) faces the temporary placement surface  143   a  of the film temporary placement member  143 . In other words, in this embodiment, the film F pulled out from the film roll FR disposed in the film roll setting position A 1  is temporarily placed on the film temporary placement member  143  in a state in which, as in  FIG. 8 , the printed surface Fa thereof faces upward (the side visible to the operator). For that reason, it is easy for the operator to temporarily place the register mark M in the predetermined position of the film temporary placement member  143 . The film F pulled out from the film roll FR of the holding mechanisms  110   a ,  110   b  disposed in the film supply position A 2  has its non-printed surface Fb facing the back surface side as in  FIG. 8 . For that reason, if the operator were to try to perform alignment work in regard to the film F pulled out from the film roll FR of the holding mechanisms  110   a ,  110   b  disposed in the film supply position A 2 , the work would tend to be complicated. 
     In a case where the length of the first film F 1  extending rearward from the film temporary placement member  143  is too long when the first film F 1  has been temporarily placed in such a way that the register mark M located in the neighborhood of the terminal end F 1 E of the first film F 1  is disposed in the predetermined position range of the film temporary placement member  143 , the part of the first film F 1  on the rear side of the film temporary placement member  143  can be manually or automatically cut to prevent the first film F 1  from getting entangled with the members inside the film supply unit  100 . 
     (2-2-8-3) Temporary Restraining Mechanism 
     The temporary restraining mechanism  144  is disposed in the neighborhood of the film temporary placement member  143 . The temporary restraining mechanism  144  is a mechanism that temporarily restrains the film F to reduce misalignment of the film F when the film F is temporarily placed on the film temporary placement member  143 . The temporary restraining mechanism  144  temporarily restrains the film F with a force which allows conveyance of the film F when the film F is conveyed by the holding mechanism motors  114   a ,  114   b  as described later. Although it is not limited, the temporary restraining mechanism  144  temporarily restrains the film F with the force of an elastic member such as a spring. The temporary restraining mechanism  144  can be operated manually or can be driven to temporarily restrain the film F automatically by, for example, operating a button. 
     (2-2-8-4) Terminal End Position Adjustment Air Nozzle 
     The terminal end position adjustment air nozzle  146  blows air onto the neighborhood of the terminal end on the leading end portion side of the film F to perform positional adjustment of the neighborhood of the terminal end of the film F when the holding mechanisms  110   a ,  110   b  are moved by the moving mechanism  139  from the film roll setting position A 1  to the film roll standby position A 3 , or in other words when the leading end portion of the film F is moved to the splicing position where it is spliced by the splicing mechanism  162 . The blowing-out of the air from the terminal end position adjustment air nozzle  146  is controlled by a terminal end position adjustment air electromagnetic valve  146   a  (see  FIG. 3 ). 
     The positional adjustment of the neighborhood of the terminal end of the film F by the terminal end position adjustment air nozzle  146  will now be described taking as an example positional adjustment of the neighborhood of the terminal end of the first film F 1 . 
     When the moving mechanism  139  rotates the holding mechanism support frame  120  by the predetermined angle counter-clockwise to move the first holding mechanism  110   a  from the film roll setting position A 1  to the film roll standby position A 3 , the terminal end position adjustment air nozzle  146  blows air forwardly onto the printed surface F 1   a  (the surface on the rear side) in the neighborhood of the terminal end F 1 E on the leading end portion FiL side of the first film F 1 . As a result, the first film F 1  is positionally adjusted to a state in which it hangs down from the first film restraining mechanism  117  without wrapping around the fixed rollers  112  or the second film F 2  that is being utilized for bag-making (see  FIG. 9 ). 
     (2-2-9) Trailing End Position Adjusting/Film Splicing Mechanism 
     The trailing end position adjusting/film splicing mechanism  160  includes the splicing mechanism  162 , the first clamp  163 , the second clamp  164 , the knife  166 , the pinch roller  168 , the trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152 , the trailing end portion position adjustment second sensor  154 , and the cooling air electromagnetic valve  161   a  (see  FIG. 3  and  FIG. 9 ). 
     (2-2-9-1) Splicing Mechanism 
     The splicing mechanism  162  is a mechanism that splices together the trailing end portion of the film F wound into the film roll FR attached to the shafts  111   a ,  111   b  of one of the holding mechanisms  110   a ,  110   b  and the leading end portion of the film F wound into the film roll FR attached to the shafts  111   b ,  111   a  of the other of the holding mechanisms  110   b ,  110   a . The splicing mechanism  162  is a mechanism that heat-welds the films F using a heater not shown in the drawings as a heat source. However, the method of splicing together the films F is not limited to heat welding, and the splicing mechanism  162  can also be a mechanism that splices together the films F by ultrasonic welding, for example. 
     Referring to  FIG. 9 , for example, the splicing mechanism  162  applies heat to and heat-welds, in a state in which the trailing end portion F 2 T of the second film F 2  and the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1  are sandwiched between the splicing mechanism  162  and the guide member  119  secured to the arm  122   a , the trailing end portion F 2 T of the second film F 2  wound into the second film roll FR 2  attached to the second shaft  111   b  of the second holding mechanism  110   b  and the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1  wound into the first film roll FR 1  attached to the first shaft  11   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a.    
     (2-2-9-2) First Clamp and Second Clamp 
     The first clamp  163  and the second clamp  164  are disposed along the conveyance path of the film F when supplying the film F to the bag-making and packaging unit  200 . The first clamp  163  and the second clamp  164  are members that clamp and secure the film F to reduce misalignment of the trailing end portion of the film F of the used film roll FR after the trailing end portion of the film F of the used film roll FR has been positionally adjusted to the splicing position of the splicing mechanism  162 . The actions (clamping and unclamping of the film F) of the first clamp  163  and the second clamp  164  are controlled by activating and stopping the activation of a first clamp drive mechanism  163   a  and a second clamp drive mechanism  164   a , respectively. The first clamp drive mechanism  163   a  and the second clamp drive mechanism  164   a  can be mechanisms that utilize air pressure as a drive source or can be mechanisms that utilize motors as a drive source. 
     (2-2-9-3) Knife 
     The knife  166  is a member that cuts unneeded film F after the trailing end portion of the film F of the used film roll FR and the leading end portion of the film F of the replacement film roll FR have been spliced together by the splicing mechanism  162 . Execution of the cutting by the knife  166  and stopping of the cutting by the knife  66  are controlled by activating and stopping a knife drive mechanism  166   a . The knife drive mechanism  166   a  can be a mechanism that utilizes air pressure as a drive source or can be a mechanism that utilizes a motor as a drive source. 
     The film supply unit  100  has a knife activation detection sensor  166   b  for detecting that the knife  166  has been activated (in this embodiment, that the knife  166  has been driven downward to cut the film F) (see  FIG. 3 ). The knife activation detection sensor  166   b  can be disposed on the same side as the knife  166  (in this embodiment, the upper side where the film splicing mechanism  160  and the like are disposed) or can be disposed on the first guide member  119  side. 
     The knife activation detection sensor  166   b  is, for example, a photoelectric sensor. However, as for the type of the knife activation detection sensor  166   b , it suffices for the sensor to be capable of detecting the movement of the knife  166 , and the sensor can also be an inductive or a capacitive proximity sensor, for example. 
     (2-2-9-4) Pinch Roller 
     The pinch roller  168  pinches the film F between itself and another fixed roller. By rotating the pinch roller  168 , the film F is conveyed. The pinch roller  168  conveys the film F of the used film roll FR in a first direction D 1  (see  FIG. 9 ) so that the trailing end portion of the film F of the used film roll FR heads toward the film splicing position where splicing to the leading end portion of the film F of the new replacement film roll FR is performed by the splicing mechanism  162 . The pinch roller  168  is a mechanism capable of changing the conveyance speed of the film F. 
     The pinch roller  168  will now be described in greater detail taking as an example the case shown in  FIG. 9  where the second film roll FR 2  is the used film roll FR and the first film roll FR 1  is the new replacement film roll FR. 
     The pinch roller  168  is pushed, by a pinch roller air cylinder  168   a , against a fixed roller  112  of the first holding mechanism  110   a  (in  FIG. 9 , a fixed roller  112   b  disposed uppermost out of the three fixed rollers  112 ) at the timing when positional adjustment of the trailing end portion of the film F of the used film roll FR (here, the trailing end portion F 2 T of the second film F 2  of the second film roll FR 2 ) is performed. As a result, the second film F 2  is pinched between the pinch roller  168  and the fixed roller  112   b . In this state, the pinch roller  168  is rotated clockwise (see the arrow in  FIG. 9 ) as seen in a right side view by a pinch roller drive mechanism  168   b . The pinch roller drive mechanism  168   b  is, for example, a servo motor. When the pinch roller  168  is rotated by the pinch roller drive mechanism  168   b , the second film F 2  is conveyed in the first direction D 1  toward the second film roll FR 2  (in the opposite direction of the direction in which the second film F 2  is conveyed at the time of the bag-making and packaging actions). The pinch roller  168  conveys the second film F 2  of the second film roll FR 2  in the first direction D 1  until the trailing end portion F 2 T of the second film F 2  of the second film roll FR 2  reaches the film splicing position where splicing to the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1  of the first film roll FR 1  is performed by the splicing mechanism  162 . Control of the driving of the pinch roller  168  by the pinch roller drive mechanism  168   b  will be described later. 
     (2-2-9-5) Trailing End Portion Position Adjustment Sensors 
     The trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152  and the trailing end portion position adjustment second sensor  154  are sensors that detect, in a state in which the film F is being conveyed, the register marks M for position adjustment added to the film F of the used film roll FR. 
     The trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152  and the trailing end portion position adjustment second sensor  154  are disposed along the path on which the film F is conveyed by the pinch roller  168 . In particular, the trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152  and the trailing end portion position adjustment second sensor  154  are disposed along the conveyance path of the film F on the side of the printed surface Fa of the film F conveyed by the pinch roller  168 . The trailing end portion position adjustment second sensor  154  detects, on the downstream side of the trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152  in the direction in which the film F is conveyed by the pinch roller  168  (the first direction D 1 ), the register marks M for position adjustment added to the film F. 
     It is preferred that, when seen along the path on which the film F is conveyed by the pinch roller  168 , the distance between the position where the trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152  detects the register marks M added to the film F and the position where the trailing end portion position adjustment second sensor  154  detects the register marks M added to the film F is between 10 mm and 90 mm. 
     The trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152  and the trailing end portion position adjustment second sensor  154  are, for example, register mark sensors. However, the type of the trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152  and the trailing end portion position adjustment second sensor  154  is not limited to register mark sensors and, for example, can be sensors utilizing cameras. For example, the trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor and the trailing end portion position adjustment second sensor can use cameras to image the printed surface Fa of the film F that is conveyed and detect, as marks for positional adjustment, the register marks M or the printing P on the printed surface Fa of the film F. 
     Control of the driving of the pinch roller  168  by the pinch roller drive mechanism  168   b  utilizing the trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor and the trailing end portion position adjustment second sensor will be described later. 
     (2-2-9-6) Cooling Air Electromagnetic Valve 
     The cooling air electromagnetic valve  161   a  is an electromagnetic valve for controlling the execution and stopping of the blowing-out of air from an air outlet  161  formed in the neighborhood of the splicing mechanism  162 . The air blown out from the air outlet  161  cools the part of the film F spliced by the splicing mechanism  162 . 
     (2-3) Controller 
     The controller  300  controls the actions of each part of the bag-making and packaging machine  1000  (the various configurations of the bag-making and packaging unit  200  and the film supply unit  100 ). 
     The controller  300  has a microcomputer that has parts such as a CPU and a memory. The controller  300  controls the actions of each part of the bag-making and packaging machine  1000  as a result of the CPU reading and executing programs stored in the memory. 
     As regards the controller, the same functions as the functions that the controller  300  of this embodiment exhibits can be realized by hardware such as a logic circuit or can be realized by a combination of hardware and software. 
     The controller  300  is electrically connected to each part of the bag-making and packaging machine  1000 , such as, for example, the film conveyor belts  220 , the longitudinal sealing mechanism  230 , and the transverse sealing mechanism  240  of the bag-making and packaging unit  200 . Furthermore, the controller  300  is electrically connected to the frame rotation motor  138 , the first holding mechanism motor  114   a , the second holding mechanism motor  114   b , the air cylinder  118   a , the leading end portion position adjustment sensor  142 , the terminal end position adjustment air electromagnetic valve  146   a , the splicing mechanism  162 , the first clamp drive mechanism  163   a , the second clamp drive mechanism  164   a , the knife drive mechanism  166   a , the knife activation detection sensor  166   b , the pinch roller air cylinder  168   a , the pinch roller drive mechanism  168   b , the trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152 , the trailing end portion position adjustment second sensor  154 , the cooling air electromagnetic valve  161   a , the movable roller mechanism air cylinder  187 , and the encoder  188  of the film supply unit  100 . 
     The controller  300  receives the detection results of the leading end portion position adjustment sensor  142 , the trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152 , and the trailing end portion position adjustment second sensor  154 . The controller  300  also receives the detection result of the encoder  188  (the angle of rotation of the shaft  184   a  connected to the arms  186  to which the movable rollers  185  are secured). The detection result of the encoder  188  is used in the control of the position of the movable rollers  185 . The detection result of the encoder  188  can also be used in the detection of the trailing end of the film roll FR described later. 
     (3) Control of Actions of Bag-Making and Packaging Machine  1000  by Controller 
     (3-1) Normal Operation 
     The controller  300  controls as follows the actions of each part of the bag-making and packaging machine  1000 —for example, the holding mechanism motors  114   a ,  114   b  of the film drawing mechanism  116 , the movable roller mechanism air cylinder  187 , the film conveyor belts  220 , the longitudinal sealing mechanism  230 , and the transverse sealing mechanism  240 —during normal operation in which the bag-making and packaging unit  200  performs the bag-making and packaging actions. 
     The controller  300  controls the film conveyor belts  220  so that the sheet-like film F pulled out from the film roll FR is conveyed at a predetermined speed (a speed decided from, for example, the operating load of the bag-making and packaging machine  1000 ) using the holding mechanism motors  114   a ,  114   b  of the film drawing mechanism  116 . The operating modes of the bag-making and packaging machine  1000  include a continuous operating mode, in which the bag-making and packaging machine  1000  continuously conveys the film F (the tubular film Ft) at a constant speed, and an intermittent operating mode, in which the bag-making and packaging machine  1000  alternates between conveying and stopping the film F (the tubular film Ft). The operating mode of the bag-making and packaging machine  1000  is appropriately selected in accordance with operating conditions. 
     The controller  300  controls the starting and stopping of the holding mechanism motors  114   a ,  114   b  of the film drawing mechanism  116  and the speed at which the film roll FR is rotated by the holding mechanism motors  114   a ,  114   b  of the film drawing mechanism  116  on the basis of the state of conveyance of the film F and the detection result of the encoder  188 . That is, the controller  300  controls the film drawing mechanism  116  to change the drawing speed of the film F at the time of the bag-making and packaging actions in the bag-making and packaging unit  200 . 
     For example, the controller  300  starts and stops the holding mechanism motors  114   a ,  114   b  of the film drawing mechanism  116  drawing the film F in accordance with the timing when the controller  300  causes the film conveyor belts  220  to operate and stop. In other words, the controller  300  changes the speed at which the film F is drawn by the holding mechanism motors  114   a ,  114   b  of the film drawing mechanism  116  on the basis of the conveyance speed of the film conveyor belts  220  at the time of the bag-making and packaging actions in the bag-making and packaging unit  200 . 
     Furthermore, the controller  300  controls the speed at which the shafts  111   a ,  111   b  holding the film roll FR are rotated by the holding mechanism motors  114   a ,  114   b  of the film drawing mechanism  116  on the basis of the detection result of the encoder  188 . In other words, the controller  300  changes the speed at which the film F is drawn by the holding mechanism motors  114   a ,  114   b  of the film drawing mechanism  116  on the basis of the detection result of the encoder  188 , namely, the position of the movable rollers  185 , at the time of the bag-making and packaging actions in the bag-making and packaging unit  200 . 
     Furthermore, the controller  300  controls the movable roller mechanism air cylinder  187  so that the movable rollers  185  cause constant force to act on the film F that is being conveyed. 
     Furthermore, the controller  300  controls the actions of the longitudinal sealing mechanism  230  and the transverse sealing mechanism  240  so that the longitudinal sealing mechanism  230  performs longitudinal sealing of the tubular film Ft at a predetermined timing and the transverse sealing mechanism  240  performs transverse sealing of the tubular film Ft at a predetermined timing. 
     (3-2) Action of Automatic Seaming of Film Rolls 
     Actions relating to automatic seaming (automatic splicing) of the film rolls FR of the bag-making and packaging machine  1000  will be described below. 
     (3-2-1) Action of Setting Replacement Film Roll 
     The work of the operator and the actions of the bag-making and packaging machine  1000  when setting the replacement film roll FR in the holding mechanisms  110   a ,  110   b  will now be described. 
     Here, the work of the operator and the actions of the bag-making and packaging machine  1000  when setting the first film roll FR 1  in the first holding mechanism  110   a  will be described as an example. Actions when setting the second film roll FR 2  in the second holding mechanism  110   b  are the same as actions when setting the first film roll FR 1  in the first holding mechanism  110   a , so here description thereof will be omitted. 
     First, the operator attaches the first film roll FR 1  to the first shaft  111   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a  disposed in the film roll setting position A 1 . Next, the operator pulls out the first film F 1  from the first film roll FR 1 , puts the first film F 1  along the upper surface of the first guide member  119 , and then guides the first film F 1  so that the first film F 1  passes between the fixed rollers  112  and the movable roller  118  of the first film restraining mechanism  117 . The operator then manually temporarily places, on the temporary placement surface  143   a  of the film temporary placement member  143 , the neighborhood of the leading end portion of the film F pulled out from the film roll FR. Preferably, the operator temporarily places the first film F 1  on the temporary placement surface  143   a  of the film temporary placement member  143  so that the register mark M printed on the printed surface F 1   a  of the first film F 1  and located in the neighborhood of the terminal end F 1 E of the first film F 1  is disposed in the predetermined position range of the film temporary placement member  143 . Next, the operator operates the temporary restraining mechanism  144  to temporarily restrain the first film F 1  that has been temporarily placed on the temporary placement surface  143   a  of the film temporary placement member  143 . Thereafter, the operator operates switches  102  provided on the back surface side of the film supply unit  100  to instruct the controller  300  to align the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1 . 
     If the operator presses a switch  102  in a state in which the first film F 1  has not been properly set in the first holding mechanism  110   a  (e.g., a state in which the first film roll FR 1  has not been attached to the first shaft  111   a ), this can be detected by a change in the torque of the first holding mechanism motor  114   a  that is a servo motor. That is, in this bag-making and packaging machine  1000 , it is possible to detect, without providing a separate sensor, that the first film F 1  has not been properly set in the first holding mechanism  110   a.    
     The controller  300  activates the connection mechanism  111   a   1  of the first shaft  111   a  in response to the instruction to align the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1 , thereby connecting and securing the first film roll FR 1  to the first shaft  111   a . Furthermore, the controller  300  drives the air cylinder  118   a  to push the movable roller  118  against the fixed rollers  112  (in particular, the fixed roller  112   a  in the middle), sandwich the first film F 1  between the movable roller  118  and the fixed rollers  112 , and restrain the first film F 1 . As a result, misalignment of the first film F 1  is reduced. Yet even in a state in which the movable roller  118  is restraining the first film F 1 , conveyance of the first film F 1  by the first holding mechanism motor  114   a  is possible. Next, the controller  300  rotates the first holding mechanism motor  114   a  of the film drawing mechanism  116  to thereby rotate the first shaft  111   a  counter-clockwise as seen in a right side view. As a result, the first film F 1  is taken up on the first film roll FR 1  and the terminal end F 1 E of the first film F 1  is conveyed to the leading end portion position adjustment sensor  142 . The controller  300  stops the conveyance of the first film F 1  by the first holding mechanism motor  114   a  when the leading end portion position adjustment sensor  142  detects the register mark M added to the first film F 1  that is conveyed (the register mark M printed on the printed surface F 1   a  of the first film F 1  and located in the neighborhood of the terminal end FIE of the first film F 1 ). In this state, the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1  is disposed in the prescribed position. Misalignment of the first film F 1  after the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1  has been positionally adjusted to the prescribed position is reduced as a result of the first film F 1  being restrained by the movable roller  118 . Summarizing the above, after the neighborhood of the leading end portion FiL of the first film F 1  has been temporarily placed on the film temporary placement member  143 , the controller  300  causes the first holding mechanism motor  114   a  to rotate the first film roll FR 1  to thereby convey the first film F 1  along a predetermined conveyance path. The controller  300  conveys the first film F 1  along the predetermined conveyance path until the leading end portion position adjustment sensor  142  detects that the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1  is positioned in the prescribed position. 
     The controller  300  then ends the alignment of the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1 . 
     Next, the moving mechanism  139  moves the first holding mechanism  110   a  from the film roll setting position A 1  to the film roll standby position A 3  before the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1  of the first film roll FR 1  attached to the first shaft  111   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a  is connected by the splicing mechanism  162  to the trailing end portion F 2 T of the second film F 2  of the second film roll FR 2  attached to the second shaft  111   b  of the second holding mechanism  110   b . The film roll standby position A 3  is a position rotated by the predetermined angle around the frame shaft  130  from the film roll setting position A 1 . In other words, the controller  300  controls the moving mechanism  139  (controls the frame rotation motor  138 ) to rotate the holding mechanism support frame  120  by the predetermined angle and move the first holding mechanism  110   a  from the film roll setting position A 1  to the film roll standby position A 3  so that the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1  is disposed in the place where it is spliced by the splicing mechanism  162 . The first holding mechanism  110   a  that has been moved to the film roll standby position A 3  stands by in that location, without particularly performing any action, until the trailing end of the second film F 2  of the second film roll FR 2  of the second holding mechanism  110   b  is detected. 
     When the first holding mechanism  110   a  is moved by the moving mechanism  139  from the film roll setting position A 1  to the film roll standby position A 3 , the second holding mechanism  110   b  moves from the film supply position A 2  to the film supply position A 4 . The controller  300  detects, by a change in position of the movable rollers  185  detected by the encoder  188  for example, problems caused by the movement of the second holding mechanism  110   b  to the film supply position A 4 , such as slackness in the second film F 2  and deviation in the tension acting on the second film F 2  from its proper value, and, on the basis of the detection result, controls the second holding mechanism motor  114   b  of the film drawing mechanism  116  and so forth to eliminate the detected problem. 
     It is preferred that when the controller  300  moves the first holding mechanism  110   a  from the film roll setting position A 1  to the film roll standby position A 3 , the controller  300  perform positional adjustment of the neighborhood of the terminal end F 1 E of the first film F 1  by controlling the terminal end position adjustment air electromagnetic valve  146   a  to blow air from the terminal end position adjustment air nozzle  146  onto the neighborhood of the terminal end F 1 E on the leading end portion F 1 L side of the first film F 1 . The positional adjustment of the neighborhood of the terminal end F 1 E of the first film F 1  is as described above. 
     Furthermore, when the first holding mechanism  110   a  is rotated by the predetermined angle around the frame shaft  130  from the film roll setting position A 1  and moved to the film roll standby position A 3  by the moving mechanism  139 , the film drawing mechanism  116  rotates the first shaft  111   a  of the first holding mechanism  110   a  by an angle according to the predetermined angle (e.g., the same angle as the predetermined angle) in the same direction as the rotational direction of the first holding mechanism  110   a . Due to this kind of control, slackness in the first film F 1  arising during the rotation of the first holding mechanism  110   a  and caused as a result of the first shaft  111   a  and the second layer shaft  134  of the frame shaft  130  being interconnected via the belt  115   b   1  of the second transmission mechanism  115   b  can be reduced. Because such slackness in the first film F 1  is reduced, for example, the occurrence of problems such as a shift in the position of the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1  can be reduced. 
     (3-2-2) Actions Relating to Automatic Seaming of Trailing End Portion of Film of Used Film Roll and Leading End Portion of Film of Replacement Film Roll 
     Actions of the bag-making and packaging machine  1000  relating to the automatic seaming of the film rolls FR will now be described. Here, description will be given taking as an example a case where the second film roll FR 2  is the used film roll (the film roll that was used for bag-making and packaging) and the first film roll FR 1  is the replacement film roll. Actions when the film F of the used film roll FR is spliced to the film F of the replacement film roll FR are the same in both a case where the first film roll FR 1  is the used film roll and the second film roll FR 2  is the replacement film roll and a case where the second film roll FR 2  is the used film roll and the first film roll FR 1  is the replacement film roll. Thus, here, for the sake of simplifying the specification, description in regard to a case where the first film roll FR 1  is the used film roll and the second film roll FR 2  is the replacement film roll will be omitted. 
     The automatic seaming of the film rolls FR is performed using as a trigger the detection the trailing end of the film roll FR that is in use. 
     The controller  300  detects the trailing end of the second film roll FR 2  on the basis of the detection result of the encoder  188 , for example. The controller  300  detects the trailing end of the second film roll FR 2  on the basis of a physical quantity relating to the position of the movable rollers  185  that the encoder  188  detects, specifically, the angle of rotation of the shaft  184   a  to which are connected the arms  186  to which the movable rollers  185  are secured. 
     During the normal operation of the bag-making and packaging machine  1000 , the position of the movable rollers  185  is controlled to a predetermined position (a predetermined region). However, once the trailing end of the film roll FR is reached, the film F cannot be pulled out any further from the film roll FR, so even if the controller  300  controls the actions of each part of the bag-making and packaging machine  1000 , the movable rollers  185  are lifted up by the film F and move upward beyond the predetermined region. Thus, the controller  300  determines whether or not the angle of rotation of the shaft  184   a  that the encoder  188  detects has exceeded a predetermined threshold value (whether or not the arms  186  have rotated to a position they cannot take during normal operation). In a case where the angle of rotation of the shaft  184   a  has exceeded the predetermined threshold value, the controller  300  detects the trailing end of the film roll FR. 
     In this embodiment, the trailing end of the film roll FR is detected using the encoder  188  as a sensor, but the method of detecting the trailing end of the film roll FR is not limited to this. For example, in another configuration, a photoelectric sensor  190  (see  FIG. 2 ) disposed in the neighborhood of the film supply positions A 2 , A 4  can detect the trailing end of the film roll FR by detecting an end mark (not shown in the drawings) added to the film F and indicating the trailing end of the film roll FR (in  FIG. 4 , the photoelectric sensor  190  is omitted). Furthermore, for example, the trailing end of the film roll FR can be detected by detecting the film F using a camera or a sensor (not shown in the drawings) disposed in the neighborhood of the film supply positions A 2 , A 4 . 
     The controller  300  stops the actions of the film conveyor belts  220 , the longitudinal sealing mechanism  230 , and the transverse sealing mechanism  240  when the sensor such as the encoder  188  or the photoelectric sensor  190  has detected the trailing end of the film roll FR. Furthermore, the controller  300  stops the actions of the second holding mechanism motor  114   b  of the film drawing mechanism  116  when the sensor such as the encoder  188  or the photoelectric sensor  190  has detected the trailing end of the film roll FR. 
     Furthermore, when the sensor such as the encoder  188  or the photoelectric sensor  190  has detected the trailing end of the film roll FR, the controller  300  drives the pinch roller air cylinder  168   a  to push the pinch roller  168  against one of the fixed rollers  112  (the fixed roller  112   b ) of the first holding mechanism  110   a  to thereby sandwich and hold the second film F 2  between the pinch roller  168  and the fixed roller  112   b . Moreover, the controller  300  drives the pinch roller drive mechanism  168   b  clockwise as in  FIG. 9  as seen in a right side view to start conveyance of the second film F 2  in the first direction D 1  (the opposite direction of the conveyance direction of the film F during normal operation). The fixed roller  112   c  disposed lowermost and frontmost in the state shown in  FIG. 9  out of the fixed rollers  112  of the first holding mechanism  110   a  is utilized as a guide during the conveyance of the second film F 2  by the pinch roller  168 . 
     At this time, the controller  300  controls the pinch roller drive mechanism  168   b  to convey the second film F 2  at a conveyance speed V 1  in the first direction D 1  until the trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152  detects the register mark M printed on the printed surface F 2   a  of the second film F 2 . After the trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152  has detected the register mark M, the controller  300  conveys the second film F 2  at a conveyance speed V 2  in the first direction D 1 . Then, when the trailing end portion position adjustment second sensor  154  detects the register mark M, the controller  300  judges that the trailing end portion F 2 T of the second film F 2  has reached the film splicing position where splicing is performed by the splicing mechanism  162 . Then, the controller  300  performs control that stops the pinch roller drive mechanism  168   b  to stop the conveyance of the second film F 2  by the pinch roller  168 . The conveyance speed V 1  and the conveyance speed V 2  have the relationship of conveyance speed V 1 &gt;conveyance speed V 2 . For example, although they are not limited, the conveyance speed V 1  is a speed twice or more the conveyance speed V 2 . That is, in this embodiment, the controller  300  controls the pinch roller  168  (more specifically, the pinch roller drive mechanism  168   b ) in such a way that the speed V 1  at which the second film F 2  is conveyed by the pinch roller  168  before the trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152  detects the register mark M is faster than the speed V 2  at which the second film F 2  is conveyed by the pinch roller  168  after the detection of the register mark M by the trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152 . 
     The trailing end portion position adjustment second sensor  154  detects the register mark M printed on the printed surface F 2   a  of the second film F 2 , and when the conveyance of the second film F 2  by the pinch roller  168  has been stopped on the basis of this, the trailing end portion F 2 T of the second film F 2  has been moved to the position where it is spliced by the splicing mechanism  162 . In this state, the controller  300  drives the first clamp drive mechanism  163   a  and the second clamp drive mechanism  164   a  to restrain the second film F 2  with the first clamp  163  and the second clamp  164  in order to reduce misalignment of the trailing end portion F 2 T of the second film F 2 . Furthermore, the controller  300  controls the splicing mechanism  162  to splice together the trailing end portion F 2 T of the second film F 2  and the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1 . For example, the controller  300  executes, at generally the same timing, the driving of the first clamp drive mechanism  163   a  and the second clamp drive mechanism  164   a  and the splicing together of the trailing end portion F 2 T of the second film F 2  and the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1  by the splicing mechanism  162 . Next, the controller  300  drives the knife drive mechanism  166   a  to cut the film F with the knife  166  in order to cut away unnecessary first film F 1  and second film F 2  from the film F used in normal operation. 
     Next, in preparation for normal operation, the controller  300  controls the second clamp drive mechanism  164   a  to release the restraint of the second film F 2  by the second clamp  164 . Furthermore, the controller  300  controls the cooling air electromagnetic valve  161   a  to blow out air from the air outlet  161  onto the place where the first film F 1  and the second film F 2  have been spliced together. Moreover, the controller  300  controls the first clamp drive mechanism  163   a  to release the restraint of the film F by the first clamp  163 . Furthermore, the controller  300  controls the pinch roller air cylinder  168   a  to move the pinch roller  168  away from the fixed roller  112   b  and release the restraint of the film F by the pinch roller  168 . 
     Thereafter, the controller  300  causes the moving mechanism  139  to move the first holding mechanism  110   a  positioned in the film roll standby position A 3  to the film supply position A 2  and activates the film conveyor belts  220 , the longitudinal sealing mechanism  230 , and the transverse sealing mechanism  240  to return to normal operation. When the first holding mechanism  110   a  is moved to the film supply position A 2 , the second holding mechanism  110   b  moves to the film roll setting position A 1 . Then, a new (replacement) second film roll FR 2  can be set in the second holding mechanism  110   b.    
     (4) Characteristics 
     (4-1) 
     The bag-making and packaging machine  1000  of the above embodiment has the bag-making and packaging unit  200  and the film supply unit  100 . The bag-making and packaging unit  200  forms the sheet-like film F into a tubular shape and seals the film Ft that has been formed into the tubular shape to thereby form the film Ft into bags. The film supply unit  100  holds the film rolls FR into which the sheet-like film F is wound and supplies to the bag-making and packaging unit  200  the film F that is drawn from the film rolls FR. The film rolls FR that the film supply unit  100  holds include at least the second film roll FR 2  into which the second film F 2  serving as an example of a first film is wound and the first film roll FR 1  into which the first film F 1  serving as an example of a second film is wound. 
     The film supply unit  100  has the second holding mechanism  110   b  serving as an example of a first film roll holding unit, the first holding mechanism  110   a  serving as an example of a second film roll holding unit, the splicing mechanism  162 , the pinch roller  168  serving as an example of a conveyance-speed-variable film conveyance mechanism, the trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152  serving as an example of a first sensor, the trailing end portion position adjustment second sensor  154  serving as an example of a second sensor, and the controller  300  serving as an example of a control unit that controls the actions of the pinch roller  168 . The second holding mechanism  110   b  holds the second film roll FR 2 . The first holding mechanism  110   a  holds the first film roll FR 1 . The splicing mechanism  162  splices together the trailing end portion F 2 T of the second film F 2  and the leading end portion FiL of the first film F 1 . The pinch roller  168  conveys the second film F 2  in the first direction D 1  so that the trailing end portion F 2 T of the second film F 2  heads toward the film splicing position where splicing to the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1  is performed by the splicing mechanism  168 . The trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152  detects a mark (register mark M) for position adjustment added to the second film F 2 . The trailing end portion position adjustment second sensor  154  detects, on the downstream side of the trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152  in the first direction D 1 , the register mark M on the second film F 2 . The controller  300  judges, on the basis of the detection of the register mark M by the trailing end portion position adjustment second sensor  154 , that the trailing end portion F 2 T of the second film F 2  has reached the film splicing position and stops the conveyance of the second film by the pinch roller  168 . The controller  300  controls the pinch roller  168  so that the speed V 1  at which the second film F 2  is conveyed by the pinch roller  168  before the detection of the register mark M by the trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152  is faster than the speed V 2  at which the second film F 2  is conveyed by the pinch roller  168  after the detection of the register mark M by the trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152 . 
     In the bag-making and packaging machine  1000  of the embodiment, the second film F 2  is conveyed at a relatively high speed until the trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152  disposed on the upstream side in the film conveyance direction out of the trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152  and the trailing end portion position adjustment second sensor  154  detects the register mark M for positional adjustment on the second film F 2 , and when the trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152  detects the register mark M, the second film F 2  is conveyed at a relatively low speed. For that reason, in this bag-making and packaging machine  1000 , the positional adjustment of the second film F 2  for aligning both films when splicing together the second film F 2  and the first film F 1  can be carried out quickly and with high precision. 
     (4-2) 
     In the bag-making and packaging machine  1000  of the embodiment, when seen along the path on which the second film F 2  is conveyed by the pinch roller  168 , the distance between the position where the trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152  detects the register mark M and the position where the trailing end portion position adjustment second sensor  154  detects the register mark M is between 10 mm and 90 mm. 
     Here, the distance between the detection position of the trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152  and the detection position of the trailing end portion position adjustment second sensor  154  is a short distance of 90 mm or less, so it is possible to ensure a relatively long amount of time in which the second film F 2  is conveyed at a relatively high speed, and positional adjustment of the second film F 2  can be carried out quickly. At the same time, 10 mm or more is ensured for the distance between the detection position of the trailing end portion position adjustment first sensor  152  and the detection position of the trailing end portion position adjustment second sensor  154 , so it is also possible to perform, with high precision, positional adjustment of the trailing end portion F 2 T of the second film F 2  that is spliced to the leading end portion F 1 L of the first film F 1 . 
     (4-3) 
     The bag-making and packaging machine  1000  of the embodiment has the encoder  188  or the photoelectric sensor  190  serving as an example of a third sensor that detects the trailing end of the second film roll FR 2 . When the third sensor has detected the trailing end of the second film roll FR 2 , the controller  300  controls the pinch roller  168  to start conveying the second film F 2  in the first direction D 1 . 
     Here, the trailing end of the second film roll FR 2  can be automatically detected and switching of the film roll FR to the first film roll FR 1  can be efficiently performed. 
     (5) Example Modifications 
     Example modifications of the embodiment will be described below. The example modifications can be appropriately combined to the extent that they are not mutually incompatible. 
     (5-1) Example Modification A 
     In the above embodiment, the alignment of the leading end portion of the film of the replacement film roll is performed automatically by the bag-making and packaging machine  1000 , but the alignment of the leading end portion of the film of the replacement film roll is not limited to this and can be performed manually. 
     (5-2) Example Modification B 
     In the above embodiment, the bag-making and packaging machine  1000  has the two holding mechanisms  110   a ,  110   b , but the bag-making and packaging machine  1000  is not limited to this and can also have three or more holding mechanisms. 
     (5-3) Example Modification C 
     In the above embodiment, the pinch roller  168  serving as an example of a film conveyance mechanism conveys the second film F 2  in the direction toward the second film roll FR 2  (in the opposite direction of the direction in which the second film F 2  is conveyed at the time of the bag-making and packaging actions) so that the trailing end portion of the film F of the used film roll FR heads toward the film splicing position where splicing to the leading end portion of the film F of the new replacement film roll FR is performed by the splicing mechanism  162 . 
     However, the pinch roller  168  is not limited to this and can also convey the second film F 2  in the direction toward the bag-making and packaging unit  200  (in the same direction in which the second film F 2  is conveyed at the time of the bag-making and packaging actions) so that the trailing end portion of the used film roll FR heads toward the film splicing position where splicing to the leading end portion of the film F of the new replacement film roll FR is performed by the splicing mechanism  162 . That is, the first direction in which the pinch roller  168  serving as the film conveyance mechanism conveys the film is not limited to the opposite direction of the direction in which the film is conveyed at the time of the bag-making and packaging actions and can also be the same direction as the direction in which the film is conveyed at the time of the bag-making and packaging actions. In a case where the first direction is the same direction as the direction in which the film is conveyed at the time of the bag-making and packaging actions, it suffices for the trailing end position adjustment second sensor  154  to function as the first sensor and for the trailing end position adjustment first sensor  152  to function as the second sensor. 
     The present invention can be widely applicable for bag-making and packaging machines and is useful. 
     REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 
     
         
           100  Film Supply Unit 
           110   a  First Holding Mechanism (Second Film Roll Holding Unit) 
           110   b  Second Holding Mechanism (First Film Roll Holding Unit) 
           152  Trailing End Portion Position Adjustment First Sensor (First Sensor) 
           154  Trailing End Portion Position Adjustment Second Sensor (Second Sensor) 
           162  Splicing Mechanism 
           168  Pinch Roller (Film Conveyance Mechanism) 
           188  Encoder (Third Sensor) 
           190  Photoelectric Sensor (Third Sensor) 
           200  Bag-making and Packaging Unit 
           300  Controller (Control Unit) 
         F Film 
         F 1  First Film (Second Film) 
         F 2  Second Film (First Film) 
         F 1 L Leading End Portion 
         F 2 T Trailing End Portion 
         FR Film Roll 
         FR 1  First Film Roll (Second Film Roll) 
         FR 2  Second Film Roll (First Film Roll) 
         M Register Mark (Mark)