Patent Publication Number: US-2023146369-A1

Title: Camera module

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     Embodiments relate to a camera module and an optical device including the same. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     Portable devices require camera modules or optical devices that have high resolution, are small, and have various photographing functions. Examples of the various photographing functions may include at least one of an optical zoom-in/zoom-out function, an auto-focusing (AF) function, or a hand-tremor compensation or optical image stabilization (OIS) function. 
     In order to implement the various photographing functions, a camera module or an optical device may include a liquid lens unit. The liquid lens unit may perform auto-focusing and hand-tremor compensation functions by electrically adjusting the curvature of an interface between two types of liquids. 
     DISCLOSURE 
     Technical Problem 
     Embodiments provide a camera module capable of improving the reliability of a conductive connection between a terminal unit and an electrode of a liquid lens and an optical device including the same. 
     In addition, embodiments provide a camera module capable of improving the reliability of a conductive connection between a terminal unit and an electrode of a liquid lens and improving the reliability of a conductive connection between the terminal unit and a conductive portion of a lens holder and an optical device including the same. 
     Technical Solution 
     A camera module according to an embodiment includes a substrate, a lens barrel disposed on the substrate, and a lens unit disposed on the lens barrel. The lens unit includes a liquid lens unit. The liquid lens unit includes a holder, a liquid lens disposed in the holder and including an electrode, and a terminal unit disposed on the holder and conductively connected to the liquid lens. The terminal unit includes a first portion coupled to the electrode of the liquid lens, a second portion disposed on the holder, and a third portion interconnecting the first portion and the second portion. The third portion has a width smaller than the width of the first portion. 
     The camera module may include a conductive adhesive member disposed between the first portion and the electrode of the liquid lens. 
     The third portion of the terminal unit may include at least one curved portion or bent portion. 
     The third portion of the terminal unit may include portions having different widths from each other. 
     One end of the third portion, connected to the first portion of the terminal unit, may have a width smaller than the width of the other end of the third portion, connected to the second portion of the terminal unit. 
     The third portion of the terminal unit may include a first region connected to the first portion, a second region connected to the second portion, and a third region interconnecting the first region and the second region. Each of the first region and the second region may include a bent or curved portion. The second region may have a linear shape. 
     The third portion may include a portion increasing in width and a portion decreasing in width in a direction from the first region toward the second region. The width of the third portion may be 1.25 to 1.5 times the thickness of the third portion. The width of the third portion may be less than the length of the third portion from one end of the third portion, connected to the first portion, to the other end of the third portion, connected to the second portion. 
     The camera module may include a lens holder disposed on the substrate and coupled to the lens barrel. The camera module may include a sensor base disposed between the lens holder and the substrate. 
     One end of the second portion of the terminal unit may protrude from the side surface of the holder. The camera module may include a conductive member disposed on the lens holder, and one end of the second portion of the terminal unit may be conductively connected to the conductive member. 
     A camera module according to another embodiment may include a substrate, a lens barrel disposed on the substrate, and a lens unit disposed on the lens barrel. The lens unit may include a liquid lens unit. The liquid lens unit may include a holder, a liquid lens disposed in the holder and including an electrode, and a terminal unit disposed on the holder and conductively connected to the liquid lens. The terminal unit may include a first portion coupled to the electrode of the liquid lens, a second portion disposed on the holder, and a third portion interconnecting the first portion and the second portion. The third portion may include at least one curved portion or bent portion. 
     A camera module according to still another embodiment may include a substrate, a lens holder disposed on the substrate, a lens barrel coupled to the lens holder, a holder disposed on the lens barrel, a liquid lens disposed in the holder and including an electrode, a first conductive portion disposed on the lens holder, a first terminal unit disposed on the holder and coupled to the first conductive portion, and a second terminal unit connecting the first terminal unit to the electrode of the liquid lens. The second terminal unit may include a first portion coupled to the electrode of the liquid lens, a second portion coupled to the first terminal unit, and a third portion interconnecting the first portion and the second portion. The third portion may include at least one curved portion or bent portion. 
     The camera module according to the still other embodiment may include a first conductive adhesive member disposed between the first portion of the second terminal unit and the electrode of the liquid lens. The second portion of the second terminal unit may include a hole, and may include a second conductive adhesive member disposed in the hole to couple the first terminal unit to the second terminal unit. The hole may include an opening, the opening in the hole may be open toward a second side surface of the second portion of the second terminal unit, which is located opposite a first side surface thereof, and the first side surface may be one side surface of the second portion that is connected to the third portion of the second terminal unit. The first terminal unit may include a first portion coupled to the second terminal unit and a second portion protruding from the side surface of the holder. 
     The camera module according to the still other embodiment may include a third conductive adhesive member disposed between the second portion of the first terminal unit and the first conductive portion. The second portion of the first terminal unit may have a recess formed in the side surface thereof, and the second conductive adhesive member may be in contact with the recess. 
     The camera module according to the still other embodiment may include a second conductive portion spaced apart from the first conductive portion and disposed on the lens holder and a thermistor including an electrode coupled to the second conductive portion. At least one recess may be formed in at least one of a first side surface and a second side surface of the second conductive portion, which are located opposite each other. 
     The camera module according to the still other embodiment may include a cover including an upper plate, a side plate, and a bore formed in the upper plate. The lens holder and the sensor base may be disposed in the cover. The upper plate of the cover may include a first surface, a second surface, and a first inclined portion interconnecting the first surface and the second surface. The lens barrel may include a second inclined portion formed at an upper portion thereof so as to correspond to the first inclined portion. 
     Advantageous Effects 
     According to the embodiments, since a terminal unit has a leg structure formed such that a portion thereof has a smaller width than another portion thereof, it is possible to prevent a conductive connection between the terminal unit and an electrode of a liquid lens from becoming defective due to expansion or contraction of a conductive adhesive member, thus ensuring the reliability of the conductive connection between the terminal unit and the electrode of the liquid lens. 
     In addition, according to the embodiments, it is possible to improve the reliability of the conductive connection between the terminal unit and the electrode of the liquid lens and the reliability of a conductive connection between the terminal unit and a conductive portion of a lens holder. 
    
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    is a perspective view of a camera module according to an embodiment. 
         FIG.  2    is an exploded view of the camera module in  FIG.  1   . 
         FIG.  3    is a cross-sectional view taken along line AB in the camera module in  FIG.  1   . 
         FIG.  4    is an exploded view of a first lens unit. 
         FIG.  5    is a top view of the first lens unit. 
         FIG.  6    is a bottom view of the first lens unit. 
         FIG.  7    is a perspective view of a first terminal unit. 
         FIG.  8    is an enlarged view of any one terminal of the first terminal unit. 
         FIG.  9    is a perspective view of a second terminal unit. 
         FIG.  10 A  illustrates a terminal unit according to another embodiment. 
         FIG.  10 B  illustrates a terminal unit according to still another embodiment. 
         FIG.  10 C  illustrates a terminal unit according to still another embodiment. 
         FIG.  10 D  illustrates a terminal unit according to still another embodiment. 
         FIG.  11    is a perspective view of a first lens unit, a conductive member, and a lens holder accommodated in a lens barrel. 
         FIG.  12    is a perspective view of the conductive member and the lens holder. 
         FIG.  13 A  is a cross-sectional view taken along line CD in the first lens unit and the lens holder in  FIG.  11   . 
         FIG.  13 B  is a cross-sectional view taken along line EF in the first lens unit and the lens holder in  FIG.  11   . 
         FIG.  14    is a cross-sectional view taken along line GH in the first lens unit and the lens holder in  FIG.  11   . 
         FIG.  15    is a front perspective view of the lens barrel. 
         FIG.  16    is a rear side view of the lens barrel in  FIG.  15   . 
         FIG.  17    is a plan view of the lens barrel, the first lens unit, the conductive member, and the lens holder. 
         FIG.  18    is a perspective view of a camera module according to another embodiment. 
         FIG.  19    is an exploded view of the camera module in  FIG.  18   . 
         FIG.  20    is a cross-sectional view taken along line AB in the camera module in  FIG.  18   . 
         FIG.  21    is an exploded view of the first lens unit. 
         FIG.  22    is a bottom view of a liquid lens. 
         FIG.  23    is an upper perspective view of a holder, the liquid lens, and the first terminal unit of the first lens unit. 
         FIG.  24 A  is a perspective view of a 1-1 st  terminal of the first terminal unit. 
         FIG.  24 B  is a perspective view of a 1-2 nd  terminal of the first terminal unit. 
         FIG.  25 A  is a perspective view of the holder, the liquid lens, the first terminal unit, and the second terminal unit. 
         FIG.  2513    illustrates a first conductive adhesive member for coupling the first terminal unit and the second terminal unit in  FIG.  25 A  to each other. 
         FIG.  26 A  is a lower perspective view of the holder, the liquid lens, and the first terminal unit of the first lens unit. 
         FIG.  26 B  is a lower perspective view of the holder, the liquid lens, the first terminal unit, and a 2-2 nd  terminal unit of the first lens unit. 
         FIG.  27    is a perspective view of a 2-1 st  terminal unit. 
         FIG.  28    is an enlarged view of some terminals of the 2-1 st  terminal unit. 
         FIG.  29    is a perspective view of a 2-2 nd  terminal unit. 
         FIGS.  30 A to  30 D  illustrate second terminal units according to other embodiments. 
         FIG.  31    is a perspective view of the first lens unit, a conductive member, and the lens holder accommodated in the lens barrel. 
         FIG.  32    is a perspective view of the conductive member and the lens holder. 
         FIG.  33 A  is a cross-sectional view taken along line CD in the first lens unit and the lens holder in  FIG.  31   . 
         FIG.  33 B  is a cross-sectional view taken along line EF in the first lens unit and the lens holder in  FIG.  31   . 
         FIG.  33 C  is a cross-sectional view taken along line GH in the first lens unit and the lens holder in  FIG.  31   . 
         FIG.  34 A  is a front perspective view of the lens barrel. 
         FIG.  34 B  is a rear side view of the lens barrel. 
         FIG.  35    is a perspective view of conductive portions of the conductive member. 
         FIG.  36 A  is a perspective view of a liquid lens unit and the conductive member accommodated in the lens barrel. 
         FIG.  36 B  is a perspective view of the liquid lens unit, the conductive member, and a thermistor accommodated in the lens barrel. 
         FIG.  37 A  is a top view of a first conductive portion, a 1-1 st  terminal, and a conductive adhesive member. 
         FIG.  37 B  is a cross-sectional view taken along line IJ in the first conductive portion, the 1-1 st  terminal, and the conductive adhesive member in  FIG.  37 A . 
         FIG.  38    illustrates second portions of sixth and seventh conductive portions according to another embodiment. 
         FIG.  39    is a perspective view of a portable terminal according to an embodiment. 
         FIG.  40    is a configuration diagram of the portable terminal shown in  FIG.  39   . 
     
    
    
     BEST MODE 
     Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
     The technical spirit of the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments to be described, and may be implemented in various other forms, and one or more of the components may be selectively combined and substituted for use without exceeding the scope of the technical spirit of the disclosure. 
     In addition, terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in the embodiments of the disclosure, unless specifically defined and described explicitly, are to be interpreted as having meanings that may be generally understood by those having ordinary skill in the art to which the disclosure pertains, and meanings of terms that are commonly used, such as terms defined in a dictionary, should be interpreted in consideration of the context of the relevant technology. 
     Further, the terms used in the embodiments of the disclosure are for explaining the embodiments and are not intended to limit the disclosure. In this specification, the singular forms may also include plural forms unless otherwise specifically stated in a phrase, and in the case in which “at least one (or one or more) of A, B, or C” is stated, it may include one or more of all possible combinations of A, B, and C. 
     In addition, in describing the components of the embodiments of the disclosure, terms such as “first”, “second”, “A”, “B”, “(a)”, and “(b)” can be used. Such terms are only for distinguishing one component from another component, and do not determine the nature, sequence, or procedure of the corresponding constituent elements. 
     In addition, when it is described that a component is “connected”, “coupled” or “joined” to another component, the description may include not only being directly “connected”, “coupled” or “joined” to the other component but also being “connected”, “coupled” or “joined” by another component between the component and the other component. In addition, in the case of being described as being formed or disposed “above (on)” or “below (under)” another component, the description includes not only the case where the two components are in direct contact with each other, but also the case where one or more other components are formed or disposed between the two components. In addition, when expressed as “above (on)” or “below (under)”, it may refer to a downward direction as well as an upward direction with respect to one element. 
     Hereinafter, a lens moving apparatus, a camera module, and an optical device including the same according to embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. For convenience of description, the embodiments will be described using the Cartesian coordinate system (x,y,z), but the embodiments are not limited thereto, and may be described using other coordinate systems. In the respective drawings, the x-axis and the y-axis may be directions perpendicular to the z-axis, which is an optical-axis direction, the z-axis direction, which is the optical-axis direction, may be referred to as a “first direction”, the x-axis direction may be referred to as a “second direction”, and the y-axis direction may be referred to as a “third direction”. For example, the optical-axis direction may be a direction parallel to an optical axis OA. 
     The camera module according to the embodiment may perform an “auto-focusing function”. Here, the auto-focusing function is a function of automatically focusing an image of a subject on the surface of an image sensor. 
     In addition, the camera module according to the embodiment may perform a “hand-tremor compensation function”. Here, the hand-tremor compensation function is a function of inhibiting the contour of a captured still image from being blurred due to vibration caused by shaking of a hand of a user when capturing the still image. 
     In addition, a “terminal” may alternatively be referred to as a “pad”, an “electrode”, a “conductive layer” or a “bonding portion”. 
       FIG.  1    is a perspective view of a camera module  100  according to an embodiment,  FIG.  2    is an exploded view of the camera module  100  in  FIG.  1   , and  FIG.  3    is a cross-sectional view taken along line AB in the camera module  100  in  FIG.  1   . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  1  to  3   , the camera module  100  may include a lens barrel  110  and a lens assembly  120  disposed or mounted on the lens barrel  110 . In addition, the camera module  100  may include an image sensor  160  disposed under the lens barrel  110 . 
     The camera module  100  may include a thermistor  45 . 
     The camera module  100  may further include a lens holder  140  for accommodating the lens barrel  110 . The lens holder  140  may alternatively be referred to as a “base”. 
     The lens holder  140  may be disposed on a substrate  190 , and the lens barrel  110  may be coupled to the lens holder  140 . 
     The camera module  100  may further include a filter  150 . 
     The camera module  100  may further include a sensor base  180  on which the filter  150  is disposed or mounted. The sensor base  180  may alternatively be referred to as a “holder”. 
     The camera module  100  may further include a substrate  190 . 
     In addition, the camera module  100  may further include a circuit element  170  disposed or mounted on the substrate  190 . 
     In addition, the camera module  100  may further include a cover  300 . 
     The substrate  190  may be a printed circuit board (PCB). 
     The substrate  190  may be disposed under the sensor base  180 , and may include a first substrate  191 , a second substrate  192  connected to the first substrate  191 , a third substrate  193  connected to the second substrate  192 , and a connector  194  connected to the third substrate  193 . 
     In an example, the circuit element  170  may be disposed or mounted on the first substrate  191 . In addition, the substrate  190  may include at least one terminal  195  disposed or formed on the first substrate  191 . In an example, the terminal  195  of the substrate  190  may be provided in a plural number, and the plurality of terminals  195  of the substrate  190  may correspond to, face, or overlap conductive members  90  in the optical-axis direction, and may be conductively connected to the conductive members  9 . 
     The sensor base  180  and the image sensor  160  may be disposed on the first substrate  191 . In an example, each of the first substrate  191  and the third substrate  192  may be a rigid printed circuit board, and the second substrate  192  may be a flexible printed circuit board conductively connecting the first substrate  191  to the third substrate  193 , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, at least one of the first to third substrates may be a rigid printed circuit board or a flexible printed circuit board. In still another embodiment, the first to third substrates may be integrated into a single substrate. 
     The image sensor  160  may be disposed or mounted on the substrate  190 . In an example, the image sensor  160  may be disposed or mounted on the upper surface of the first substrate  191 , and may be conductively connected to the substrate  190 . 
     The optical axis of the image sensor  160  and the optical axis of the lens assembly  120  may be in alignment with each other. The image sensor  160  may include an effective image area (or an active area), may convert light radiated onto the effective image area (or the active area) into an electrical signal, and may output the converted electrical signal. 
     The circuit element  170  may be conductively connected to the first substrate  191 , and may constitute a controller for controlling the image sensor  160  and a first lens unit  130 . In an example, the circuit element  170  may include at least one of at least one capacitor, a memory, a controller, a sensor, or an integrated circuit (IC). 
     The camera module  100  may further include a cover  175 , which is disposed on the first substrate  191  and covers the circuit element  170  in order to protect the circuit element  170 . 
     The sensor base  180  may be disposed on the substrate  190 . In an example, the sensor base  180  may be disposed on the upper surface of the first substrate  191 , and may be attached or coupled to the upper surface of the first substrate  191 . In an example, the sensor base  180  may be disposed between the substrate  190  and the lens holder  140 . 
     The camera module  100  may be disposed between the sensor base  180  and the substrate  190 , and may include an adhesive (not shown) for attaching or fixing the sensor base  180  to the upper surface of the substrate  190 . 
     The sensor base  180  may surround the image sensor  160  to protect the image sensor  160  from external foreign substances or impacts, and may include a bore  181  formed therein to expose the effective image area (or the active area) of the image sensor  160 . In an example, the bore  181  may be a through-hole formed through the sensor base  180  in the direction of the optical axis OA. 
     In addition, the sensor base  180  may be provided on the upper surface thereof with a seating portion  182  on which the filter  150  is seated. The seating portion  182  may have a height difference in the optical-axis direction with respect to the upper surface of the sensor base  180 , and may be formed so as to surround the bore  181 . In an example, the seating portion  182  may take the form of a recess depressed into the upper surface of the sensor base  180 , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the seating portion may take the form of a protruding portion protruding from the upper surface of the sensor base  180 . 
     A portion of the lower surface of the sensor base  180  may be depressed so as to define a space or a seating recess (not shown) in which to dispose the image sensor  160 . 
     In addition, the sensor base  180  may be disposed on the first substrate  191 , and may be spaced apart from the circuit element  170  so as not to overlap the circuit element  170  in the optical-axis direction. In another embodiment, the sensor base  180  may be omitted. 
     The lens moving apparatus  100  may further include a support portion  114  disposed on the substrate  190  to support one side surface of the sensor base  180 . The support portion  114  may be disposed on the first substrate  191 , and may be in contact with, attached to, or fixed to one side surface of the sensor base  180  and the upper surface of the first substrate  191 . 
     The filter  150  may be disposed on the sensor base  180 . In an example, the filter  150  may be disposed on the seating portion  182  in the sensor base  180 , and may be located above the effective image area (or the active area) of the image sensor  160 . 
     The filter  150  may be disposed between the lens assembly  120  and the image sensor  160 , and may filter light within a specific wavelength range, among the light that has passed through the lens assembly  120 . The filter  150  may be, for example, an infrared (IR) cut filter for blocking infrared radiation or an ultraviolet (UV) cut filter for blocking ultraviolet radiation, but the embodiments are not limited thereto. In an example, the filter  150  may include at least one of an infrared cut filter or an ultraviolet cut filter. 
     The lens holder  140  may be disposed on the substrate  190 . 
     In an example, the lens holder  140  may be disposed on the sensor base  180 . In an example, the lower surface of the lens holder  140  may be coupled to the upper surface of the sensor base  180 . The lens holder  140  may be disposed in the cover  300 . The lens holder  140  may be formed of an insulating material. 
     The lens holder  140  may be disposed between the lens assembly  120  and the substrate  190 . In an example, the lens holder  140  may be disposed between the first lens unit  130  and the first substrate  191 . 
     The conductive members  90  may be disposed on the lens holder  140 . Drive signals (e.g. drive voltages) provided from the substrate  190  may be transmitted to the first lens unit  130  through the conductive members  90 , and a signal related to detection of temperature, which is output from the thermistor  45 , may be transmitted to the substrate  190  through the conductive members  90 . 
     An adhesive  161  may be disposed between the sensor base  180  and the lens holder  140 , and the sensor base  180  and the lens holder  140  may be coupled to each other by the adhesive  161 . 
     In an example, the adhesive  161  may be disposed between the tipper surface of the sensor base  180  and the lower surface of the lens holder  140 , and the sensor base  180  and the lens holder  140  may be coupled or attached to each other by the adhesive  161 . In another example, the adhesive  161  may be disposed between the side surface of the sensor base  180  and the lens holder  140 . In an example, the adhesive  161  may seal the gap between the sensor base  180  and the lens holder  140 . 
     In addition to the adhesive  161 , the camera module  100  according to the embodiment may further include an adhesive for bonding the lens barrel  110  to the lens holder  140  and an adhesive for bonding a holder  80  of the first lens unit  130  to the lens holder  140 . 
     The lens assembly  120  may be mounted or disposed on the lens barrel  110 . The lens assembly  120  may alternatively be referred to as a “lens module”. In another embodiment, the lens module may include the lens barrel  110  and the lens assembly  120 . 
     The lens assembly  120  may include the first lens unit  130  including a liquid lens. In an example, the lens assembly  120  may include the first lens unit  130 , a second lens unit  112 , and a third lens unit  113 . 
     The first lens unit  130  may include an optical unit, and the optical unit may include at least one lens. The optical unit may collect an input light signal reflected from a subject through the at least one lens and may transmit the input light signal to the image sensor  160 . 
     In an example, the first lens unit  130  may include a variable lens. The variable lens may be a variable focus lens. Further, the variable lens may be a lens that is adjustable in focus. 
     The variable lens may be at least one of a liquid lens, a polymer lens, a liquid crystal lens, a voice coil motor (VCM)-type lens, or a shape memory alloy (SMA)-type lens. 
     Here, the liquid lens may include a liquid lens including a single type of liquid and a liquid lens including two types of liquids. The focus of the liquid lens including a single type of liquid may be changed by controlling a membrane disposed at a position corresponding to the liquid. For example, the focus of the liquid lens may be changed by pressing the membrane using the electromagnetic force between a magnet and a coil. The liquid lens including two types of liquids may include a conductive liquid and a non-conductive liquid, and may control the interface formed between the conductive liquid and the non-conductive liquid using a voltage applied to the liquid lens. 
     In addition, the focus of the polymer lens may be changed by controlling a polymer material using a driver such as a piezo actuator. 
     In addition, the focus of the liquid crystal lens may be changed by controlling a liquid crystal using electromagnetic force. 
     In addition, the focus of the VCM-type lens may be changed by controlling a solid lens or a lens assembly including a solid lens using the electromagnetic force between a magnet and a coil. 
     In addition, the focus of the SMA-type lens may be changed by controlling a solid lens or a lens assembly including a solid lens using a shape memory alloy. 
     In addition, the “optical unit” may include a filter that transmits light within a specific wavelength range. For example, the filter that transmits light within a specific wavelength range may include an IR pass filter. In addition, the optical unit may include an optical plate. In this case, the optical plate may be, for example, a light-transmissive plate. 
     The controller of the camera module  100  or a controller  830  of an optical device  200 A may control the variable lens of the optical unit to shift an input light signal on the image sensor by a predetermined moving distance. The controller may shift the optical path of the input light signal using the variable lens of the optical unit. 
     In an example, in the lens assembly  120 , the first lens unit  130  may alternatively be referred to as a “liquid lens unit”, the second lens unit  112  may alternatively be referred to as a “first solid lens unit”, and the third lens unit  113  may alternatively be referred to as a “second solid lens unit”. 
     In another embodiment, at least one of the second and third lens units  111  and  112  may be omitted from the lens assembly. In still another embodiment, the lens assembly  120  may include the lens barrel  110  in  FIG.  2   . 
     The first lens unit  130  may include a liquid lens  50 . 
       FIG.  4    is an exploded view of the first lens unit  130 ,  FIG.  5    is a top view of the first lens unit  130 ,  FIG.  6    is a bottom view of the first lens unit  130 ,  FIG.  7    is a perspective view of a first terminal unit  60 ,  FIG.  8    is an enlarged view of any one terminal of the first terminal unit  60 , and  FIG.  9    is a perspective view of a second terminal unit  70 . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  4  to  9   , the first lens unit  130  may include a liquid lens  50 , terminal units  60  and  70 , and a holder  80 . In another embodiment, the holder  80  may be omitted from the first lens unit. 
     The liquid lens  50  may be disposed between the lens of the second lens unit  112  and the lens of the third lens unit  113 , and may be spaced apart from the lens of the second lens unit  112  and the lens of the third lens unit  113  in the optical-axis direction. 
     The liquid lens  50  may include a liquid lens region, which contains different types of liquids, a first electrode  51 , and a second electrode  52 . The first electrode  51  may alternatively be referred to as an “upper electrode”, and the second electrode  52  may alternatively be referred to as a “lower electrode”. 
     The liquid lens region may contain a first liquid that is conductive and a second liquid that is non-conductive, and an interface may be formed between the first liquid and the second liquid. 
     The liquid lens  50  may include at least one heater, which generates heat in response to a drive signal (or a control signal). The heater may be implemented in the form of a resistor capable of generating heat in response to a drive signal (or a control signal), but the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     The first electrode  51  may be disposed on a first surface (e.g. an upper surface) of the liquid lens  50 , and the second electrode  52  may be disposed on a second surface (e.g. a lower surface) of the liquid lens  50  that is opposite the first surface thereof. The first electrode  51  and the second electrode  52  may be provided separately from each other, or may be independent electrodes. 
     The first electrode  51  may include a plurality of first electrodes  51 - 1  to  51 - n  (where “n” is a natural number greater than 1 (n&gt;1), for example, n=10), which are spaced apart from each other. In an example, the first electrode  51  may include 1-1 st  to 1-10 th  electrodes  51 - 1  to  51 - 10 . 
     In an example, the plurality of first electrodes  51  to  54  may be individual terminals or individual electrodes, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, at least two of the plurality of first electrodes may be connected to each other to constitute a common electrode. 
     The plurality of first electrodes  51 - 1  to  51 - 10  may be disposed near the liquid lens region. A drive signal for deforming the interface between the first liquid and the second liquid may be provided to the first electrode  51  and the second electrode  52 . 
     The first electrode  51  may include first electrodes disposed on four corners of the first surface (e.g. the upper surface) of the liquid lens  50 . 
     For example, each of the 1-1 st  to 1-4 th  electrodes  51 - 1  to  51 - 4  may be formed or disposed on a corresponding one of the four corners of the first surface (e.g. the upper surface) of the liquid lens  50 . 
     Each of the plurality of first electrodes  51 - 1  to  51 - 10  may be exposed from the first surface (e.g. the upper surface) of the liquid lens  50 . In an example, each of the plurality of first electrodes  51 - 1  to  51 - 10  may include a portion that is exposed from the first surface (e.g. the upper surface) of the liquid lens  50 . 
     In an example, each of the plurality of first electrodes  51 - 1  to  51 - 10  may be formed so as to be spaced apart from the outer surface of the liquid lens  50 . 
     In an example, the upper surface of each of the plurality of first electrodes  51 - 1  to  51 - 10  and the upper surface of the liquid lens  50  may have a height difference with respect to each other in the optical-axis direction, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In an example, the height of the tipper surface of each of the plurality of first electrodes  51 - 1  to  51 - 10  may be lower than the height of the upper surface of the liquid lens  50 . 
     In an example, the first electrodes  51 - 1  to  51 - 10  may be electrically or physically separated from each other. 
     A separate drive signal may be provided to each of at least two of the first electrodes  51 - 1  to  51 - 10 . 
     In an example, a first drive signal (or a first control signal) may be applied across the 1-1 st  electrode  51 - 1  and the first common electrode. A second drive signal (or a second control signal) may be applied across the 1-2 nd  electrode  51 - 2  and the first common electrode. A third drive signal (or a third control signal) may be applied across the 1-3 rd  electrode  51 - 3  and the first common electrode. A fourth drive signal (or a fourth control signal) may be applied across the 1-4 th  electrode  51 - 4  and the first common electrode. In an example, the first common electrode may be the second electrode  52 . 
     In an example, each of the first to fourth drive signals may take the form of voltage or current. In this case, each of the 1-1 st  to 1-4 th  electrodes  51 - 1  to  51 - 4  may correspond to a separate positive (+) electrode for controlling the liquid lens  50 , and the second electrode  52  may be a common negative (−) electrode for controlling the liquid lens. 
     In the liquid lens  50 , the interface formed between the first liquid (e.g. the conductive liquid) and the second liquid (e.g. the non-conductive liquid) may be deformed in response to the first to fourth drive signals, and the focal length of the liquid lens  50  may be controlled by the deformed interface. In this way, at least one of the AF function or the OIS function may be performed with respect to the lens assembly  120 . 
     The second electrode  52  may include at least one electrode. 
     In an example, the second electrode  52  may include a plurality of second electrodes  52 - 1  to  52 - 4 . In an example, the second electrode  52  may include 2-1 st  to 2-4 th  electrodes  52 - 1  to  52 - 4 . However, the number of second electrodes is not limited to four. In another embodiment, the number of second electrodes may be one or two or more. 
     The 2-1 st  to 2-4 th  electrodes  52 - 1  to  52 - 4  may be exposed to the second surface of the liquid lens  50 . In an example, each of the 2-1 st  to 2-4 th  electrodes  52 - 1  to  52 - 4  may include a portion that is exposed to the second surface of the liquid lens  50 . Here, the second surface of the liquid lens  50  may be the surface opposite the first surface of the liquid lens  50 . 
     The 2-1 st  to 2-4 th  electrodes  52 - 1  to  52 - 4  may be formed or disposed on four corners of the second surface (e.g. the lower surface) of the liquid lens  50 , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the second electrode may be disposed on the side of the second surface of the liquid lens. 
     In an example, any one of the 2-1 st  to 2-4 th  electrodes  51 - 1  to  51 - 4  (e.g. the 2-4 th  electrode  52 - 4 ) may be a first common electrode, for example, a common negative (−) electrode, with respect to the 1-1 st  to 1-4 th  electrodes  51 - 1  to  51 - 4  for controlling the liquid lens. In an example, a ground voltage may be provided to the first common electrode (e.g.  52 - 4 ), but the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     In an example, the 2-1 st  to 2-4 th  electrodes  51 - 1  to  51 - 4  may form one and the same common electrode (e.g. the first electrode), but the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     In another embodiment, another one of the 2-1 st  to 2-4 th  electrodes  51 - 1  to  51 - 4  may be an individual electrode, an individual terminal, or a second common electrode, which is independent of the first common electrode. In an example, the first common electrode and the second common electrode may be electrically and physically separated or isolated from each other, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the first common electrode and the second common electrode may be connected to each other or may be integrally formed with each other. 
     In an embodiment, epoxy may be applied through separation spaces between the liquid lens  50  and the solid lenses of the second and third lens units  112  and  113 , and active alignment of the liquid lens  50  may be performed. 
     In another embodiment, the functions or roles of the first electrode  51  and the second electrode  52  of the liquid lens  50  may be inverted. That is, for example, the second electrodes may be individual terminals that play the role of the above-described first electrodes. 
     The first electrode  51  and the second electrode  52  may be formed of a conductive material, for example, a conductive metal, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     The holder  80  accommodates or supports the liquid lens  50  and the terminal units  60  and  70 . 
     The holder  80  may have a hole  81 A formed therein to accommodate the liquid lens  50 . In an example, the hole  81 A may be formed through the holder  80  in the optical-axis direction. The liquid lens  50  may be disposed or seated in the hole  81 A in the holder  80 . 
     The holder  80  may have a shape that enables the same to be mounted on the first barrel portion  110 A of the lens barrel  110 . 
     Referring to  FIG.  5   , the terminal units  60  and  70  may be disposed on the holder  80 . 
     The terminal units  60  and  70  may be conductively connected to the liquid lens  50 . 
     In an example, the terminal units  60  and  70  may be connected to at least one of the first electrode  51  or the second electrode  52  of the liquid lens  50  by means of a conductive adhesive member. For example, the conductive adhesive member may include at least one of solder or a conductive adhesive (e.g. conductive epoxy). 
     The terminal units  60  and  70  may include a first terminal unit  60 , which is disposed on the upper portion, the upper end, or the upper surface of the holder  80 , and a second terminal unit  70 , which is disposed on the lower portion, the lower end, or the lower surface of the holder  80 . 
     The terminal units  60  and  70  connect the electrodes  51  and  52  of the liquid lens  50  to the conductive members  90  of the lens holder  140 . 
     In an example, one ends of the terminal units  60  and  70  may be coupled to the electrodes  5 I and  52  of the liquid lens  50  by means of a conductive adhesive member  68  (refer to  FIG.  13 A ), and the other ends of the terminal units  60  and  70  may be coupled to the conductive members  90  of the lens holder  140 . 
     In an example, the terminal units  60  and  70  may conductively connect the electrodes  51  and  52  of the liquid lens  50  to the conductive members  90  of the lens holder  140 . 
     The first terminal unit  60  may include at least one first terminal. 
     For example, the first terminal unit  60  may include a plurality of first terminals  61  to  66 , which are spaced apart from each other. For example, the first terminal unit  60  may include 1-1 st  to 1-6 th  terminals  61  to  66 . 
     The second terminal unit  70  may include at least one second terminal. In an example, the second terminal unit  70  may include one second terminal, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the second terminal unit may include two or more second terminals. 
     At least a portion of the first terminal unit  60  may be disposed on the upper surface  8 A of the holder  80 . In an example, at least a portion of the first terminal unit  60  may be disposed on a protruding portion  19 A formed on the upper surface  8 A of the holder  80 . In another embodiment, at least a portion of the first terminal unit  60  may be disposed in a recess formed in the upper surface of the holder  80 . 
     At least a portion of the second terminal unit  70  may be disposed on the lower surface  8 B of the holder  80 . In another embodiment, at least a portion of the second terminal unit may be disposed in a recess formed in the lower surface  8 B of the holder  80 . 
     Each of the terminal units  60  and  70  may have a structure in which a separate terminal or conductor is coupled or bonded to the holder  80 , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the terminal units  60  and  70  and the holder  80  may be formed through insert injection molding. 
     In an example, each of the 1-1 st  to 1-4 th  terminals  61  to  64  may be coupled to a corresponding one of the 1-1 st  to 1-4 th  electrodes  51 - 1  to  51 - 4  of the liquid lens  50 . 
     In addition, in an example, each of the 1-5 th  and 1-6 th  terminals  65  and  66  may be coupled to a corresponding one of the 1-5 th  and 1-6 th  electrodes  51 - 5  and  51 - 6  of the liquid lens  50 . 
     In an example, the second terminal  70  may be coupled to any one of the 2-1 st  to 2-4 th  terminals  52 - 1  to  52 - 4 . 
     One end of the first terminal unit  60  may be coupled to the first electrode  51 , and the other end of the first terminal unit (or the first terminal) may protrude from the side surfaces  80 A to  80 D of the holder  80 . 
     Referring to  FIG.  5   , the first terminal unit  60  may include a first portion  60 - 1  coupled to the first electrode  51 , a second portion  60 - 2  disposed on the holder  80 , and a third portion  60 - 3  interconnecting the first portion  60 - 1  and the second portion  60 - 2 . 
     The first portion  60 - 1  may be conductively connected to the first electrode  51 . In an example, the first portion  60 - 1  may be connected to the first electrode  51  by means of the conductive adhesive  68  (refer to  FIGS.  13 A and  13 B ), such as conductive epoxy or Ag epoxy. 
     The third portion  60 - 3  may alternatively be referred to as a “connection portion”. Although  FIG.  5    illustrates only the first portion  60 - 1 , the second portion  60 - 2 , and the third portion  60 - 3  of the first terminal  61  of the first terminal unit  60 , the description of the first to third portions  60 - 1 ,  60 - 2 , and  60 - 3  of the first terminal  61  may also apply to the other terminals  62  to  66  of the first terminal unit  60 . 
     In addition, the second portion  60 - 2  of the first terminal unit  60  may include a first region  61   a , which is disposed on the tipper surface  8 A of the holder  80 , and a second region  61   b , which is connected to the first region  61   a  and protrudes from the side surfaces  80 A and SOB of the holder  80 . 
     The second region  61   b  may extend and protrude in a direction opposite the direction from the second portion  60 - 2  toward the first portion  60 - 1 . In an example, the second region  61   b  may be spaced apart from the holder  80 . 
     The first portion  60 - 1  of the first terminal unit  60  may overlap the first electrode  51  of the liquid lens  50  in the direction of the optical axis OA. 
     Referring to  FIG.  8   , one end of the third portion  60 - 3  of the first terminal unit  60  may be connected or coupled to part of the first portion  60 - 1 . 
     In an example, one end of the third portion  60 - 3  may be connected or coupled to any one corner or any one edge of the first portion  60 - 1 . 
     In an example, one end of the third portion  60 - 3  may be connected or coupled to any one of the corners (or the edges) of the first portion  60 - 1  that are adjacent to or face the third portion  60 - 3  (or the second portion  60 - 2 ). 
     Although the third portion  60 - 3  is illustrated in  FIG.  8    as being connected or coupled to the right corner of the first portion  60 - 1  when viewed in the direction from the third portion (or the second portion) toward the first portion, the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the third portion  60 - 3  may be connected or coupled to the left corner (or the left edge) of the first portion  60 - 1 . 
     In still another embodiment, one end of the third portion  60 - 3  may be connected or coupled to any one outer surface or any one outer side of the first portion  60 - 1  that is adjacent to or faces the third portion  60 - 3  (or the second portion  60 - 2 ), and may be spaced apart from the corners of the first portion  60 - 1 . 
     In an example, the other end of the third portion  60 - 3  may be connected or coupled to part of the second portion  60 - 2 . 
     In an example, referring to  FIG.  8   , one end of the third portion  60 - 3  and the other end of the third portion  60 - 3  may be located opposite each other with respect to a reference line  402 . The reference line  402  may be a straight line that passes through the center  401  of the first portion  60 - 1  and is parallel to the direction from the first portion  60 - 1  toward the second portion  60 - 2  or to the lengthwise direction of the first portion  60 - 1 . 
     The width W1 of the third portion  60 - 3  of the first terminal unit  60  is less than the length L1 of the third portion  60 - 3  of the first terminal unit  60 . In this case, the length L1 of the third portion  60 - 3  may be the length in the direction in which the third portion  60 - 3  extends from one end of the third portion  60 - 3 , which is connected to the first portion  60 - 1 , to the other end of the third portion  60 - 3 , which is connected to the second portion  60 - 2 . In addition, the width W1 of the third portion  60 - 3  may be the length of the third portion  60 - 3  in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the third portion  60 - 3  extends. 
     The third portion  60 - 3  may include at least one curved portion or bent portion. 
     For example, the third portion  60 - 3  may take the form of a leg, and may have the shape of a line that is bent or curved at least once. 
     The width W1 of the third portion  60 - 3  may be smaller than the width of the first portion  60 - 1 . 
     In an example, the width of the first portion  60 - 1  may be the length L1 of the first portion  60 - 1  in the lengthwise direction or the length L12 of the first portion  60 - 1  in the crosswise direction. 
     Alternatively, in another example, the width of the first portion  60 - 1  may be the diameter (e.g. the minimum diameter) of the first portion  60 - 1 . In this case, the diameter of the first portion  60 - 1  may be the length of a straight line that passes through two opposite points on the outer circumferential surface of the first portion  60 - 1  and the center of the first portion  60 - 1 . In an example, the minimum diameter may be the smallest diameter, among the diameters of the first portion  60 - 1 . 
     In an example, the width W1 of the third portion  60 - 3  may be less than the length L11 (or the minimum length) of the first portion  60 - 1  in the first horizontal direction (or the lengthwise direction) (W1&lt;L11). 
     In an example, the width W1 of the third portion  60 - 3  may be less than the length L12 (or the minimum length) of the first portion  60 - 1  in the second horizontal direction (or the crosswise direction) (W1&lt;L12). 
     In an example, the area of the upper surface (or the lower surface) of the third portion  60 - 3  may be smaller than the area of the upper surface or the lower surface of the first portion  60 - 1 . 
     In addition, the width W1 of the third portion  60 - 3  may be smaller than the width of the second portion  60 - 2 . For example, the width of the second portion  60 - 2  may be the length L3 of the second portion  60 - 2  in the crosswise direction or the length L2 of the second portion  60 - 2  in the lengthwise direction. 
     Alternatively, in another example, the width of the second portion  60 - 2  may be the diameter (e.g. the minimum diameter) of the second portion  60 - 2 . In this case, the diameter of the second portion  60 - 2  may be the length of a straight line that passes through two opposite points on the outer circumferential surface of the second portion  60 - 2  and the center of the second portion  60 - 2 . In an example, the minimum diameter may be the smallest diameter, among the diameters of the second portion  60 - 2 . 
     In an example, the width W1 of the third portion  60 - 3  may be smaller than the width of the first region  61   a  of the second portion  60 - 2 . 
     In an example, the width W1 of the third portion  60 - 3  may be less than the length L2 (or the minimum length) of the second portion  60 - 2  in the first horizontal direction (or the lengthwise direction) (W1&lt;L2). In an example, the width W1 of the third portion  60 - 3  may be less than the length L2 (or the minimum length) of the first region  61   a  in the first horizontal direction (or the lengthwise direction). 
     In an example, the width W1 of the third portion  60 - 3  may be less than the length L3 (or the minimum length) of the second portion  60 - 2  in the second horizontal direction (or the crosswise direction) (W1&lt;L3). In an example, the width W1 of the third portion  60 - 3  may be less than the length L3 (or the minimum length) of the first region  61   a  in the second horizontal direction (or the crosswise direction). 
     In an example, the area of the upper surface (or the lower surface) of the third portion  60 - 3  may be smaller than the area of the upper surface or the lower surface of the second portion  60 - 2 . 
     The first portion  60 - 1  of the first terminal unit  60  may include a 1-1 st  portion, which overlaps the first electrode  51  of the liquid lens  50  in the optical-axis direction, and a 1-2 nd  portion, which does not overlap the first electrode  51  in the optical-axis direction. In this case, the area of the upper surface (or the lower surface) of the 1-2 nd  portion may be smaller than the area of the upper surface (or the lower surface) of the 1-1 st  portion. In another embodiment, the first portion of the first terminal unit  60  may not include the 1-2 nd  portion. 
     In an example, the width W1 of the third portion  60 - 3  may be smaller than the width of the 1-1 st  portion of the first terminal unit  60 . In addition, in an example, the width W1 of the third portion  60 - 3  may be less than the length (or the minimum length) of the 1-1 st  portion in the first horizontal direction (or the lengthwise direction). In addition, in an example, the width W1 of the third portion  60 - 3  may be less than the length (or the minimum length) of the 1-1 st  portion in the second horizontal direction (or the crosswise direction). 
     Since the width W1 of the third portion  60 - 3  of the first terminal unit  60  is less than the length L11 of the first portion  60 - 1  in the first horizontal direction and/or the length L12 of the first portion  60 - 1  in the second horizontal direction, it is possible to reduce the stiffness of the terminal unit  60 , thereby preventing electrical reliability from being deteriorated by thermal expansion or contraction of the conductive adhesive member  68  (e.g. Ag epoxy). 
     Referring to  FIGS.  6  and  9   , the second terminal unit  70  may include a first portion  70 - 1  coupled to the second electrode  52 , a second portion  70 - 2  disposed on the holder  80 , and a third portion  70 - 3  interconnecting the first portion  70 - 1  and the second portion  70 - 2 . The third portion  70 - 3  may alternatively be referred to as a “connection portion”. 
     The first portion  70 - 1  of the second terminal unit  70  may be conductively connected to the second electrode  52 . 
     In an example, the first portion  70 - 1  may be coupled to the second electrode  52  by means of a conductive adhesive (e.g. conductive epoxy or Ag epoxy). 
     The first portion  70 - 1  may have a hole  15   c  formed therein. The hole  15   c  may be a through-hole formed through the first portion  70 - 1 , and may expose a portion of the second electrode  52 . 
     The contact area between the conductive adhesive, the first portion  70 - 1 , and the first electrode  51  may be increased by the hole  15 C, whereby bonding strength may be increased and electrical reliability may be improved. 
     The shape of the hole  15 C viewed from above may be any of various shapes such as, for example, a polygonal shape, a circular shape, and a T-shape. 
     Although not shown in  FIG.  7   , similar to the hole  15 C in the second terminal unit  70  in  FIG.  9   , a hole may be formed in the first portion  60 - 1  of the first terminal unit  60 . 
     Although  FIG.  6    illustrates the case in which one second terminal unit  70  has the first portion  70 - 1 , the second portion  70 - 2 , and the third portion  70 - 3 , the disclosure is not limited thereto. In the case in which the second terminal unit  70  includes a plurality of second terminals, the description of the first to third portions  70 - 1 ,  70 - 2 , and  70 - 3  of the second terminal  70  may also apply to each of the plurality of second terminals. 
     In addition, the second portion  70 - 2  of the second terminal unit  70  may include a first region  72   a , which is disposed on the lower surface  8 B of the holder  80 , and a second region  72   b , which is connected to the first region  72   a  and protrudes from the side surface (e.g.  80 B) of the holder  80 . 
     The second region  72   b  of the second terminal unit  70  may be spaced apart from the holder  80 , and may extend and protrude in a direction opposite the direction from the second portion  70 - 2  toward the first portion  70 - 1 . 
     The first portion  70 - 1  of the second terminal unit  70  may overlap the second electrode  52  of the liquid lens  50  in the direction of the optical axis OA. In an example, the first portion  70 - 1  of the second terminal unit  70  may overlap the 2-4 th  electrode  52 - 4  of the liquid lens  50  in the direction of the optical axis OA. 
     The description made with reference to  FIG.  8    may also apply to each of the first terminals  61  to  66  in  FIG.  7   . 
     Referring to  FIG.  9   , the width W2 of the third portion  70 - 3  of the second terminal unit  70  is less than the length L4 of the third portion  70 - 3  of the second terminal unit  70  (W2&lt;L4). In this case, the length L4 of the third portion  70 - 3  may be the length in the direction in which the third portion  70 - 3  extends from one end of the third portion  70 - 3 , which is connected to the first portion  70 - 1 , to the other end of the third portion  70 - 3 , which is connected to the second portion  70 - 2 . In addition, the width W2 of the third portion  70 - 3  may be the length of the third portion  70 - 3  in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the third portion  70 - 3  extends. 
     The third portion  70 - 3  may include at least one curved portion or bent portion. 
     For example, the third portion  70 - 3  may take the form of a leg, and may have the shape of a line that is bent or curved at least once. 
     The width W2 of the third portion  70 - 3  may be smaller than the width of the first portion  70 - 1 . The width of the first portion  70 - 1  may be the length of the first portion  70 - 1  in the crosswise direction or the lengthwise direction. 
     In an example, the width W2 of the third portion  70 - 3  may be less than the length L22 (or the minimum length) of the first portion  70 - 1  in the first horizontal direction (or the lengthwise direction) (W1&lt;L22). 
     In an example, the width W2 of the third portion  70 - 3  may be less than the length L21 (or the minimum length) of the first portion  70 - 1  in the second horizontal direction (or the crosswise direction) (W1&lt;L21). 
     In an example, the area of the upper surface (or the lower surface) of the third portion  70 - 3  may be smaller than the area of the upper surface or the lower surface of the first portion  70 - 1 . 
     In addition, the width W2 of the third portion  70 - 3  may be smaller than the width of the second portion  70 - 2 . For example, the width of the second portion  70 - 2  may be the length of the second portion in the crosswise direction or the lengthwise direction. 
     In an example, the width W2 of the third portion  70 - 3  may be smaller than the width of the first region  72   a  of the second portion  70 - 2 . 
     In an example, the width W2 of the third portion  70 - 3  may be less than the length L6 (or the minimum length) of the second portion  70 - 2  in the first horizontal direction (or the lengthwise direction) (W1&lt;L6). In an example, the width W2 of the third portion  70 - 3  may be less than the length L6 (or the minimum length) of the first region  72   a  in the first horizontal direction (or the lengthwise direction). 
     In an example, the width W2 of the third portion  70 - 3  may be less than the length L5 (or the minimum length) of the second portion  70 - 2  in the second horizontal direction (or the crosswise direction) (W1&lt;L5). In an example, the width W2 of the third portion  70 - 3  may be less than the length L5 (or the minimum length) of the first region  72   a  in the second horizontal direction (or the crosswise direction). 
     In an example, the area of the upper surface (or the lower surface) of the third portion  70 - 3  may be smaller than the area of the upper surface or the lower surface of the second portion  70 - 2 . 
     The first portion  70 - 1  of the second terminal unit  70  may include a 1-3 rd  portion, which overlaps the second electrode  52  of the liquid lens  50  in the optical-axis direction, and a 1-4 th  portion, which does not overlap the second electrode  52  in the optical-axis direction. In this case, the area of the upper surface (or the lower surface) of the 1-4 th  portion may be smaller than the area of the upper surface (or the lower surface) of the 1-3 rd  portion. In another embodiment, the first portion of the second terminal unit  70  may not include the 1-4 th  portion. 
     In an example, the width W2 of the third portion  70 - 3  may be smaller than the width of the 1-3 rd  portion of the second terminal unit  70 . In addition, in an example, the width W2 of the third portion  70 - 3  may be less than the length (or the minimum length) of the 1-3 rd  portion in the first horizontal direction (or the lengthwise direction). In addition, in an example, the width W2 of the third portion  70 - 3  may be less than the length (or the minimum length) of the 1-3 rd  portion in the second horizontal direction (or the crosswise direction). 
     Since the width W2 of the third portion  70 - 3  of the second terminal unit  70  is less than the length L22 of the first portion  70 - 1  in the first horizontal direction and/or the length L21 of the first portion  70 - 1  in the second horizontal direction, it is possible to reduce the stiffness of the terminal unit  70 , thereby preventing electrical reliability from being deteriorated by thermal expansion or contraction of the conductive adhesive member  68  (e.g. Ag epoxy). 
     In the terminal units  60  and  70 , the term “terminal unit” may alternatively be referred to as a “lead unit”, a “connection terminal unit”, an “electrode unit”, or a “conductive unit”. 
     The terminal units  60  and  70  may protrude from the side surfaces  80 A and  80 B of the holder  80 . 
     In an example, one end  61   b  of each of the 1-1 st , 1-2 nd , 1-5 th , and 1-6 th  terminals  61 ,  62 ,  65 , and  66  may protrude from the first side surface  80 A of the holder  80 , and one end of each of the 1-3 rd  and 1-4 th  terminals  63  and  64  and the second terminal unit  70  may protrude from the second side surface  80 B of the holder  80 . In an example, the first side surface  80 A and the second side surface  80 B of the holder  80  may be outer surfaces located opposite each other. 
     In an example, the 1-5 th  terminal  65  and the 1-6 th  terminal  66  may be disposed between the 1-1 st  terminal  61  and the 1-2 nd  terminal  62 . 
     The terminal units  60  and  70  may be spaced apart from the conductive member  90 , and the terminal units and the conductive member may be coupled and conductively connected to each other by means of a conductive adhesive member. 
     One end of the first terminal unit  60 , for example the first portion  60 - 1 , may be coupled to the first electrode  51  of the lens  50  by means of the conductive adhesive member  68 . In addition, the other end of the first terminal unit  60 , for example the second region  61   b , may be coupled to conductive portions  91 - 1  to  91 - 4  of the conductive member  90  by means of a conductive adhesive member  69  (refer to  FIG.  13 B ). 
     In addition, one end of the second terminal unit  70 , for example the first portion  70 - 1 , may be coupled to the second electrode  52  of the liquid lens  50  by means of a conductive adhesive member. In addition, the other end of the second terminal unit  70 , for example the second region  72   b , may be coupled to a conductive portion (e.g.  91 - 7 ) of the conductive member  90  by means of a conductive adhesive member. 
     The other ends  61   b  and  72   b  of the terminal units  60  and  70  may protrude from the holder  80 . 
     The other ends  61   b  and  72   b  of the terminal units  60  and  70  may be spaced apart from the conductive member  90 , and may overlap the conductive member  90  in the vertical direction or the optical-axis direction. A conductive adhesive member  69  may be disposed between the other ends  61   b  and  72   b  of the terminal units  60  and  70  and the conductive member  90 . The vertical direction may be parallel to the optical-axis direction. 
     The first terminal unit  60  may include at least one first terminal disposed on a first side of the upper surface of the holder  80 , and may include at least one first terminal disposed on a second side of the upper surface of the holder  80 . 
     In an example, the four first terminals  61 ,  62 ,  65 , and  66  of the first terminal unit  60  may be disposed on the first side of the upper surface of the holder  80 , and the two first terminals  63  and  64  may be disposed on the second side of the upper surface of the holder  80 , opposite the first side thereof. Here, the first side of the upper surface of the holder  80  may be a region on the upper surface of the holder  80  that is adjacent to the first side surface  80 A of the holder  80 , and the second side of the upper surface of the holder  80  may be another region on the upper surface of the holder  80  that is adjacent to the second side surface  80 B of the holder  80 . The first side surface  80 A and the second side surface  80 B of the holder  80  may be located opposite each other. 
     In an example, the four first terminals  61 ,  62 ,  65 , and  66  may be disposed on one side or the first side of the upper surface of the holder  80 , and the other two first terminals  63  and  64  may be disposed on the other side or the second side of the upper surface of the holder  80 . 
     In an example, the second terminal unit  70  may be disposed on at least one of one side (e.g. a first side) or the other side (e.g. a second side) of the lower surface  8 B of the holder  80 . Here, the first side of the lower surface of the holder  80  may be a region on the lower surface of the holder  80  that is adjacent to the first side surface  80 A of the holder  80 , and the second side of the lower surface of the holder  80  may be another region on the lower surface of the holder  80  that is adjacent to the second side surface  80 B of the holder  80 . 
     The conductive member  90  may include a plurality of conductive portions  91 - 1  to  91 - 9 . 
     In an example, the conductive member  90  may include conductive portions  91 - 1  to  91 - 6  corresponding to the first terminals  61  to  66  of the first terminal unit  60 , and each of the conductive portions  91 - 1  to  91 - 6  may be coupled and conductively connected to a corresponding one of the first terminals  61  to  66  by means of the conductive adhesive member  69  (refer to  FIG.  13 B ). 
     The conductive member  90  may include a conductive portion  91 - 7  corresponding to the second terminal unit  70 , and the conductive portion  91 - 7  may be coupled and conductively connected to the second terminal unit  70  by means of the conductive adhesive member. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  5  to  7   , in an example, each of the plurality of first terminals  61  to  66  of the first terminal unit  60  may include a respective one of first portions  5 A 1  to  5 A 6  connected or coupled to the first electrode  51 , a respective one of second portions  5 B 1  to  5 B 6  disposed on the holder  80 , and a respective one of third portions  5 C 1  to  5 C 1  interconnecting the first portions  5 A 1  to  5 A 6  and the second portions  5 B 1  to  5 B 6 . 
     In addition, each of the second portions  5 B 1  to  5 B 6  may include a first region  60 - 1 , which is disposed on the upper surface  8 A of the holder  80 , and a second region  60 - 2 , which is connected to the first region  60 - 1  and protrudes from the side surface of the holder  80 . 
     At least a portion of each of the first portions  5 A 1  to  5 A 6  of the first terminals  61  to  66  may overlap a corresponding one of the first electrodes  51 - 1  to  51 - 6  of the liquid lens  50  in the optical-axis direction. 
     The second portion  60 - 2  of the first terminal unit  60  may include an extension portion  14 A extending toward a third side or a fourth side of the upper surface of the holder  80 . 
     In an example, each of the second portions  5 B 1  and  5 B 3  of one or more (e.g.  61  and  63 ) of the first terminals  61  to  66  may include an extension portion  14 A extending toward the third side of the upper surface  8 A of the holder  80 . Alternatively, in an example, each of the second portions  5 B 2  and  5 B 4  of another one or more (e.g.  62  and  64 ) of the first terminals  61  to  66  may include an extension portion  14 B extending toward the fourth side of the upper surface of the holder  80 . 
     The third side of the upper surface of the holder  80  may be still another region on the upper surface of the holder  80  that is adjacent to the third side surface  80 C of the holder  80 , and the fourth side of the upper surface of the holder  80  may be still another region on the upper surface of the holder  80  that is adjacent to the fourth side surface  80 D of the holder  80 . The third side and the fourth side of the upper surface of the holder  80  may be located opposite each other between the first side and the second side of the upper surface of the holder  80 . The third side surface  80 C and the fourth side surface  80 D of the holder  80  may be located opposite each other. 
     The second portion  60 - 2  of the first terminal unit  60  may have one or more holes or recesses  13 A and  13 B 1  formed therein. 
     Each of one or more second portions  5 B 1  to  5 B 6  of the first terminals  61  to  66  may have one or more holes or recesses  13 A and  13 B 1  formed therein. 
     In an example, the first region  61   a  of each of the second portions  5131  to  5 B 6  may have a first hole (or a first recess)  13 A formed therein. 
     In an example, the first hole  13 A may be formed so as to be adjacent to the other end of the third portion  60 - 3 , which is connected to the first region  61   a  of the second portion  60 - 2 . 
     The first region  61   a  of each of the second portions  5 B 1  to  536  of the first terminal unit  60  may be coupled, fixed, or attached to the upper surface  8 A of the holder  80  by means of an adhesive. The first hole (or the first recess)  13 A may increase the contact area between the adhesive, the second portions  5131  to  5 B 6  of the first terminal unit, and the upper surface of the holder  80 , thereby increasing the bonding strength between the holder  80  and the first terminal unit  60 . 
     The first hole  13 A may have a structure including an opening that is open toward each of the third portions  5 C 1  to  5 C 6  (or each of the first portions  5 A 1  to  5 A 6 ) of the first terminal unit  60 , and the adhesive may be smoothly introduced into the gap between the holder  80  and the first terminal unit  60  through the opening, whereby the holder  80  and the first terminal unit  60  may be easily bonded to each other. The first hole  13 A may have, for example, a semicircular shape, a semi-elliptical shape, or a polygonal shape, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the first hole may take the form of a through-hole. 
     In addition, in an example, the first region  61   a  of each of the second portions  5 B 1  to  5 B 6  of the first terminal unit  60  may have a second hole  13 B 1  formed therein so as to be spaced apart from the first hole  13 A. 
     The second hole  13 B 1  may take the form of a through-hole formed through each of the second portions  5 B 1  to  5 B 6  of the first terminal unit  60 , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the second hole may take the form of a hole having the same shape as the first hole  13 A or a shape similar thereto. 
     In an example, the second region  61   b  of each of the second portions  5 B 1  to  5 B 6  may have at least one hole and/or at least one recess formed therein. 
     In an example, the second region  61   b  of each of the second portions  5 B to  5   f   6  may have a third hole  13 B 2  formed therein. The third hole  13 B 2  may be spaced apart from the first hole  13 A and the second hole  13 B 1 , and may be a through-hole formed through the second region  61   b  of each of the second portions  5 B 1  to  5 B 6 , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     In another embodiment, the third hole may take the form of a hole having an opening. In an example, the third hole may have the same structure as the first hole or a structure similar thereto. 
     The third hole  13 B 2  may increase the contact area between the conductive adhesive member  69 , the second region  61   b  of each of the second portions  5 B 1  to  5 B 6 , and a corresponding one of the conductive portions  91 - 1  to  91 - 6  of the conductive member  90 , thereby improving the coupling strength between the first terminal unit  60  and the conductive member  90  and the reliability of the conductive connection therebetween. 
     The second region  61   b  of the second portion  60 - 2  of the first terminal unit  60  may have the shape of a straight line, and a distal end or one end of the second region  61   b  may include a region that gradually decreases in width in the direction from the first region  61   a  toward the second region  61   b , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, a distal end or one end of the second region  61   b  may have a constant or uniform width. 
     In another embodiment, the second region of the second portion  60 - 2  of the first terminal unit  60  may take the form of a line including a curved shape or a bent shape. 
     In still another embodiment, at least part of the second portion  60 - 2  of the first terminal unit  60  may include a curved portion or a bent portion. That is, in an example, the second region of the second portion  60 - 2  of the first terminal unit  60  may include a portion that is curved or bent in the crosswise direction of the holder  80 . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  6  and  9   , in an example, the second terminal unit  70  may include a first portion  70 - 1  connected or coupled to the second electrode  52 , a second portion  70 - 2  disposed on the holder  80 , and a third portion  70 - 3  interconnecting the first portion  70 - 1  and the second portion  70 - 2 . 
     In addition, the second portion  70 - 2  may include a first region  72   a , which is disposed on the lower surface  8 B of the holder  80 , and a second region  72   b , which is connected to the first region  72   a  and protrudes from the side surface SOB of the holder  80 . 
     At least part of the first portion  70 - 1  of the second terminal unit  70  may overlap a corresponding one (e.g.  52 - 4 ) of the second electrodes  52 - 1  to  52 - 4  of the liquid lens  50  in the optical-axis direction. 
     The second portion  70 - 2  of the second terminal unit  70  may have at least one hole or recess formed therein. 
     In an example, the first region  72   a  of the second portion  70 - 2  may have a first hole (or a first recess)  15 A formed therein. 
     The first region  72   a  of the second portion  70 - 2  of the second terminal unit  70  may be coupled, fixed, or attached to the lower surface  8 B of the holder  80  by means of an adhesive. The first hole (or the first recess)  15 A may increase the contact area between the adhesive, the second portion  70 - 2  of the second terminal unit  70 , and the lower surface  8 B of the holder  80 , thereby increasing the bonding strength between the holder  80  and the second terminal unit  70 . 
     The first hole  15 A may have a structure including an opening that is open toward the third portion  70 - 3  (or the first portion  70 - 1 ) of the second terminal unit  70 , and the adhesive may be smoothly introduced into the gap between the holder  80  and the second terminal unit  70  through the opening, whereby the holder  80  and the second terminal unit  70  may be easily bonded to each other. The first hole  15 A may have, for example, a semicircular shape, a semi-elliptical shape, or a polygonal shape, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     In addition, in an example, the first region  72   a  of the second portion  70 - 2  of the second terminal unit  70  may have a second hole  15 B  1  formed therein so as to be spaced apart from the first hole  15 A. The second hole  15 B 1  may take the form of a through-hole formed through the second portion  70 - 2  of the second terminal unit  70 , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the second hole may take the form of a hole having the same shape as the first hole  15 A or a shape similar thereto. 
     In addition, in an example, the first region  72   a  of the second portion  70 - 2  of the second terminal unit  70  may have a recess  16 A 1  or a hole formed therein between the first hole  15 A and the second hole  15 B 1 . 
     In an example, the length of a portion of the first region  72   a  of the second portion  70 - 2 , in which the recess  16 A 1  is formed, in the second horizontal direction (or the crosswise direction) may be shorter than the length of another portion of the first region  72   a , which is connected to the third portion  70 - 3 , in the second horizontal direction (or the crosswise direction). 
     In addition, in an example, the length of a portion of the first region  72   a  of the second portion  70 - 2 , in which the recess  16 A 1  is formed, in the second horizontal direction (or the crosswise direction) may be shorter than the length of another portion of the first region  72   a , in which the second hole  15 B 1  is formed, in the second horizontal direction (or the crosswise direction). 
     In an example, the second region  72   b  of the second portion  70 - 2  may have at least one hole or recess formed therein. 
     In an example, the second region  72   b  of the second portion  70 - 2  may have a third hole  15 B 2  formed therein. The third hole  15 B 2  may be spaced apart from the first hole  15 A and the second hole  15 B 1 , and may be a through-hole formed through the second region  72   b  of the second portion  70 - 2 . 
     The third hole  15 B 2  may increase the contact area between the conductive adhesive member  69 , the second region  72   b  of the second portion  70 - 2 , and the conductive portion  91 - 7  of the conductive member  90 , thereby improving the coupling strength between the second terminal unit  70  and the conductive member  90  and the reliability of the conductive connection therebetween. 
     The second region  72   b  of the second portion  70 - 2  of the second terminal unit  70  may have the shape of a straight line, and a distal end or one end of the second region  72   b  may include a region that gradually decreases in width in the direction from the first region  72   a  toward the second region  72   b , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, a distal end or one end of the second region  72   b  may have a constant or uniform width. 
     In still another embodiment, at least pail of the second portion  70 - 2  of the second terminal unit  70  may include a curved portion or a bent portion. 
     The holder  80  may have an adhesive injection recess  81  formed therein to receive an adhesive injected thereinto. The adhesive injection recess  81  may be formed in the lower surface of the holder  80 . In another embodiment, the adhesive injection recess may be formed in the upper surface of the holder  80 . 
     The second lens unit  112  may be disposed above the first lens unit  130 , and may be a region into which light is introduced from outside the lens assembly  120 . That is, the second lens unit  112  may be disposed above the first lens unit  130  in the lens barrel  110 . 
     The second lens unit  112  may be implemented using a single lens, or may be implemented using two or more lenses. In an example, the two or more lenses of the second lens unit  110  may be aligned along a center axis to form an optical system. 
     Here, the center axis may be an optical axis OA of the optical system, which is formed by at least one of the second lens unit  112 , the first lens unit, or the third lens unit  113  included in the camera module  100 , or may be an axis parallel to the optical axis OA. 
     The optical axis OA may correspond to the center axis of the effective image area (or the active area) of the image sensor  160 . That is, the second lens unit  112 , the first lens unit  130 , the third lens unit  113 , and the image sensor  160  may be disposed so as to be aligned along the optical axis OA through active alignment (AA). 
     Here, “active alignment” may mean an operation of aligning the optical axes of the first to third lens units  111 ,  112 , and  130  with each other and adjusting an axis or distance relationship between the image sensor  160  and the lens units  111 ,  112 , and  130  in order to acquire an improved image. 
     In addition, each of the lenses included in the second lens unit  112  may gradually increase in outer diameter in the downward direction (e.g. the −z-axis direction), but the embodiments are not limited thereto. 
     An exposure lens (not shown) may be provided in front of or on the front surface of the second lens unit  112 . In this case, the exposure lens may protrude so as to be exposed outside the lens barrel  110 . In order to protect the surface of the exposure lens, a cover glass or a coating layer may be provided in front of the exposure lens. 
     The third lens unit  113  may be disposed below the first lens unit  130  in the lens barrel  110 . The third lens unit  113  may be disposed so as to be spaced apart from the second lens unit  112  in the optical-axis direction (e.g. the z-axis direction). 
     The light introduced into the second lens unit  112  from outside the camera module  100  may be introduced into the third lens unit  113  through the first lens unit  130 . The third lens unit  113  may be implemented using a single lens, or may be implemented using two or more lenses that are aligned along the center axis to form an optical system. 
     Unlike the first lens unit  130 , each of the second lens unit  112  and the third lens unit  113  may be a solid lens, and may be made of glass or plastic. However, the embodiments are not limited to any specific material of each of the second lens unit  112  and the third lens unit  113 . 
       FIG.  11    is a perspective view of the first lens unit  130 , the conductive member  90 , and the lens holder  140  accommodated in the lens barrel  110 ,  FIG.  12    is a perspective view of the conductive member  90  and the lens holder  140 ,  FIG.  13 A  is a cross-sectional view taken along line CD in the first lens unit  130  and the lens holder  140  in  FIG.  11   ,  FIG.  13 B  is a cross-sectional view taken along line EF in the first lens unit  130  and the lens holder  140  in  FIG.  11   ,  FIG.  14    is a cross-sectional view taken along line GH in the first lens unit  130  and the lens holder  140  in  FIG.  11   ,  FIG.  15    is a front perspective view of the lens barrel  110 ,  FIG.  16    is a rear side view of the lens barrel  110  in  FIG.  15   , and  FIG.  17    is a plan view of the lens barrel  110 , the first lens unit  130 , the conductive member  90 , and the lens holder  140 . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  11  to  17   , the lens holder  140  may be disposed under the holder  80 , and may accommodate or support the lens barrel  110 . 
     Referring to  FIG.  12   , the lens holder  140  may include a body  140   a  and at least one protruding portion  140   b , which protrudes from the upper surface  201  of the body  140   a  in the optical-axis direction. 
     The body  140   a  may have a hole  25  or a cavity formed therein to allow at least a portion of the lens barrel  110  to be disposed or accommodated therein. 
     In an example, at least part of a third barrel portion  110 C may be disposed in the hole  25  in the lens holder  140 . 
     The hole  25  may have a shape that is the same as or coincides with the shape of at least a portion of the lens barrel  110 . The shape of the hole  25  viewed from above may be, for example, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or a polygonal shape, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In an example, the hole  25  may be formed through the lens holder  140  in the optical-axis direction. 
     The protruding portion  140   b  may be provided in a plural number. 
     In an example, the lens holder  140  may include protruding portions  140   b   1  and  140   b   2 , which are located on the upper surface  201  of the body  140   a  so as to be spaced apart from each other. 
     In an example, the lens holder  140  may include a first protruding portion  140   b   1 , which is located at a first side of the body  140   a , and a second protruding portion  140   b , which is located at a second side of the body  140   a . Here, the first side of the body  140   a  may be a region on the upper surface of the body  140   a  that corresponds to the first side or the first side surface  80 A of the holder  80 , and the second side of the body  140   a  may be a region on the upper surface of the body  140   a  that corresponds to the second side or the second side surface  80 B of the holder  80 . In an example, the first side and the second side of the body  140   a  may be located opposite each other. 
     In the embodiment, the lens holder  140  may include a lower surface facing the upper surface of the sensor base  180 . The first adhesive  40  may be disposed between the upper surface of the sensor base  180  and the lower surface of the lens holder  140 , and may be bonded to the tipper surface of the sensor base  180  and the lower surface of the lens holder  140 . 
     The lens holder  140  may include a partition wall  46  disposed on the body  140   a.    
     The partition wall  46  may be disposed on a portion of the body  140   a  that is located between two adjacent conductive portions  91 - 1  and  91 - 5 ,  91 - 5  and  91 - 6 , or  91 - 6  and  91 - 2  disposed on the body  140   a . In an example, the partition wall  46  may be provided in a plural number. 
     The plurality of partition walls  46  may be disposed on the upper surface of the body  140   a  so as to be spaced apart from each other, and a portion of at least one conductive portion may be disposed between two adjacent partition walls. 
     When the second regions  61   b  and  72   b  of the second portions  60 - 2  and  70 - 2  of the terminal units  60  and  70  are coupled to the conductive portions  91 - 1  to  90 - 9  by means of the conductive adhesive member  69 , the partition walls  46  may serve to prevent an electrical short between adjacent conductive portions. 
     The body  140   a  of the lens holder  140  may include a first region  48 A, in which the hole  25  is formed, and second regions  48 B 1  and  48 B 2 , in which the protruding portions  140   b  are provided. 
     In an example, the second region of the body  140   a  may include a 2-1 st  region  48 B 1 , which is disposed on one side of the first region  48 A and in which the first protruding portion  140   b   1  is disposed, and a 2-2 nd  region  48 B 2 , which is disposed on the opposite side of the first region  48 A and in which the second protruding portion  140   b   2  is disposed. 
     The upper surface  201  of the body  140   a  may include a first surface  201   a  and a second surface  201   b , which has a height difference with respect to the first surface  201   a.    
     In an example, the height of the second surface  201   b  may be lower than the height of the first surface  201   a . In an example, the distance from the lower surface of the lens holder  140  to the second surface  201   b  may be shorter than the distance from the lower surface of the lens holder  140  to the first surface  201   a.    
     In an example, the first surface  201   a  may be at least a portion of the upper surface of the first region  48 A of the body  140   a , and the second surface  201   b  may be at least a portion of the upper surface of the second region  48 B of the body  140   a.    
     The lens holder  140  may have a recess  27  formed in the second surface  201   b.    
     The recess  27  may be recessed in the second surface  201   b  In an example, the recess  27  may be formed adjacent to each of a third side and a fourth side of the body  140   a . The third side of the body  140   a  may be a region on the upper surface of the body  140   a  that corresponds to the third side or the third side surface  80 C of the holder  80 , and the fourth side of the body  140   a  may be a region on the upper surface of the body  140   a  that corresponds to the fourth side or the fourth side surface  80 D of the holder  80 . In an example, the third side and the fourth side of the body  140   a  may be located opposite each other. 
     The partition walls  46  may be disposed on the upper portions or the upper surfaces of the protruding portions  140   b   1  and  140   b   2 . 
     The lens holder  140  may have recesses (or coupling recesses)  311  formed therein to be coupled to protrusions (or coupling protrusions) Q 1  to Q 4  of the lens barrel  110 . 
     In an example, the protrusions Q 1  to Q 4  of the lens barrel  110  may protrude in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis and to the outer side surface of the lens barrel  110 . 
     In an example, the recesses B 11  in the lens holder  140  may be recessed in the first surface  201   a  of the lens holder  140 . In an example, the recesses B 11  may be recessed so as to extend from the first surface  201   a  of the lens holder  140  to the second surface  201   b  thereof. 
     The recesses B 11  in the lens holder  140  may have openings that face the protrusions Q 1  to Q 4 . In an example, the lens barrel  110  may include four protrusions Q 1  to Q 4 , and the lens holder  140  may include four recesses B 11  that correspond to or face the four protrusions Q 1  to Q 4 , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. The number of each of the protrusions and the recesses may be one or more. 
     The lens holder  140  may include a stair  212  or a stepped portion. 
     The stair  212  may be formed on the outer side surface of the lens holder  140 . 
     The stair  212  may be formed on the lower end of the outer side surface of the lens holder  140 . 
     A side plate  302  of the cover  300  may be disposed on the stair  212 . In an example, the stair  212  and the lower end of the side plate  302  of the cover  300  may be coupled to each other, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the stair  212  and the lower end of the side plate  302  of the cover  300  may be spaced apart from each other. 
     The lens holder  140  may have formed therein a recess  32 A that serves as a bonding tank, into which an adhesive, for example glue, is applied. 
     The recess  32 A may be formed in the lower surface or the lower portion of the lens holder  140 . In an example, the recess  32 A may be formed in the lower portion or the lower surface of the first region  48 A of the body  140   a.    
     In an example, the recess  32 A may be formed in the inner circumferential surface or the inner side surface of the lens holder  140 , which is defined by the hole  25 . 
     The recess  32 A may extend from the lower surface of the lens holder  140 , and may be spaced apart from the upper surface of the lens holder  140 . An adhesive may be injected into the recess  32 A, and the lens holder  140  and the lens barrel  110  may be coupled to each other by means of the injected adhesive. 
     A vent hole (or a recess)  310 , which is a passage through which gas is discharged, may be formed in the inner circumferential surface of the lens holder  140 . The vent hole  310  may form a passage between the lens holder  140  and the lens assembly  120  so that the gas generated in the course of curing of the adhesive  40  is discharged to the lens assembly  120 . 
     The conductive member  90  may be disposed on the lens holder  140 , and may be conductively connected to the terminal units  60  and  70  of the first lens unit  130 . In addition, the conductive member  90  may be conductively connected to the terminals  195  of the substrate  190 . 
     In an example, each of the conductive portions  91 - 1  to  91 - 9  of the conductive member  90  may be conductively connected to a corresponding one of the terminals  195  of the substrate  190 . 
     The conductive member  90  may be spaced apart from the cover  300 . 
     The conductive member  90  may include a plurality of conductive portions  91 - 1  to  91 - 9 , which are spaced apart from each other. Although nine conductive portions are illustrated in  FIG.  12   , the disclosure is not limited thereto. The conductive member  90  may include any number of conductive portions equal to or greater than one. The conductive portion may alternatively be referred to as a “terminal”, a “lead”, an “electrode”, a “bonding portion”, or a “lead frame”. 
     Each of the conductive portions  91 - 1  to  91 - 6  of the conductive member  90  may include a first coupling portion  9   a  to be coupled to the second region  61   b  of the second portion  60 - 2  of the first terminal unit  60 , a second coupling portion  9   b  to be connected or coupled to the terminals  195  of the substrate  190 , and a connection portion  9   c  interconnecting the first coupling portion  9   a  and the second coupling portion  9   b.    
     The conductive portion  91 - 7  may include a first coupling portion  9   a  to be coupled to the second region  72   b  of the second portion  70 - 2  of the second terminal unit  70  by means of the conductive adhesive member  69 , a second coupling portion  9   b  to be connected or coupled to the terminals  195  of the substrate  190 , and a connection portion  9   c  interconnecting the first coupling portion  9   a  and the second coupling portion  9   b.    
     In addition, each of the conductive portions  91 - 8  and  91 - 9  of the conductive member  90  may include a first coupling portion  10   a  to be coupled to a corresponding one of the first and second electrodes  41  and  42  of the thermistor  45  by means of the conductive adhesive member, a second coupling portion  10   b  to be connected or coupled to the terminals  195  of the substrate  190 , and a connection portion  10   c  interconnecting the first coupling portion  10   a  and the second coupling portion  10   b.    
     The first coupling portions  9   a  and  10   a  may be in contact with the conductive adhesive member  69 . 
     The conductive adhesive member  69  may include at least one of solder or a conductive adhesive. In an example, the conductive adhesive member  69  may include Ag epoxy. The conductive adhesive member  69  may be disposed between the plurality of partition walls  46  of the lens holder  140 . 
     The first coupling portions  9   a  and  10   a  may be disposed on the protruding portion  140   b  of the lens holder  140 . The first coupling portions  9   a  and  10   a  may be disposed on the upper surface of the protruding portion  140   b  of the lens holder  140 . 
     The upper surface of the protruding portion  140   b  may include a first surface  201   c , a second surface  201   d , and a third surface  201   e . In an example, the first surface  201   c  of the upper surface of the protruding portion  140   b  may have a height difference with respect to the first surface  201   a  and the second surface  201   b.    
     In an example, the height of the first surface  201   c  of the upper surface of the protruding portion  140   b  may be higher than the height of each of the first surface  201   a  and the second surface  201   b  of the body  140   a , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the first surface  201   c  of the upper surface of the protruding portion  140   b  may be coplanar with the first surface  201   a  of the body  140   a , or may be coplanar with the second surface  201   b  of the body  140   a.    
     The second surface  201   d  of the upper surface of the protruding portion  140   b  may have a first height difference in the optical-axis direction with respect to the first surface  201   c  of the upper surface of the protruding portion, and the third surface  201   e  may have a second height difference in the optical-axis direction with respect to the second surface  201   d.    
     In an example, the height of the second surface  201   d  may be lower than the height of the first surface  201   c , and the height of the third surface  201   e  may be lower than the height of the second surface  201   d . In another embodiment, the height of the third surface may be higher than or equal to the height of the second surface. 
     In an example, the first coupling portion  9   a  of each of the conductive portions  91 - 1  to  91 - 6 , which are coupled to the second region  61   b  of the second portion  60 - 2  of the first terminal unit  60 , may be disposed on the first surface  201   c  of the protruding portion  140   b.    
     In an example, the first coupling portion  10   a  of each of the conductive portions  91 - 8  and  91 - 9 , which are coupled to the terminals  41  and  42  of the thermistor  45 , may be disposed on the second surface  201   d  of the protruding portion  140   b.    
     In an example, the first coupling portion  9   a  of the conductive portion  91 - 7 , which is coupled to the second region  72   b  of the second portion  70 - 2  of the second terminal unit  70 , may be disposed on the third surface  201   e  of the protruding portion  140   b.    
     In an example, the upper surface of the first coupling portion  9   a  may be disposed below the lower surface of the second region  61   b  of the second portion  60 - 2  of the first terminal unit  60 . In addition, the upper surface of the first coupling portion  10   a  may be disposed below the lower surfaces of the first and second electrodes  41  and  42  of the thermistor  45 . 
     The first coupling portions  9   a  of the conductive portions  91 - 1  to  91 - 7  may overlap the second regions  61   b  and  72   b  of the second portions  60 - 2  and  70 - 2  of the terminal units  60  and  70  in the vertical direction. 
     The first coupling portions  10   a  of the conductive portions  91 - 8  and  91 - 9  may overlap the first and second electrodes  41  and  42  of the thermistor  45  in the vertical direction. 
     In an example, based on the lower surface of the lens holder  140 , the first height of the upper surface of the first coupling portion  10   a  of each of the conductive portions  91 - 8  and  91 - 9  may be lower than the second height of the upper surface of the first coupling portion  9   a  of each of the conductive portions  91 - 1  to  91 - 6 . 
     In addition, in an example, based on the lower surface of the lens holder  140 , the third height of the tipper surface of the first coupling portion  9   a  of the conductive portion  91 - 7  may be lower than the first height of the upper surface of the first coupling portion  10   a  of each of the conductive portions  91 - 8  and  91 - 9  and the second height of the tipper surface of the first coupling portion  9   a  of each of the conductive portions  91 - 1  to  91 - 6 . In another embodiment, the third height may be equal to or higher than the first height. 
     In an example, the second coupling portions  9   b  and  10   b  may be disposed on the outer side surface of the lens holder  140 , and at least a portion of each of the second coupling portions  9   b  and  10   b  may be exposed from the outer side surface of the lens holder  140 . In an example, the second coupling portions  9   b  and  10   b  may be disposed on the outer side surface of the body  140   a  of the lens holder  140  and the outer side surface of the protruding portion  140   b.    
     In an example, the second coupling portions  9   b  and  10   b  may protrude below the lower surface of the lens holder  140 , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the second coupling portion may not protrude below the lower surface of the lens holder  140 . 
     In an example, the lens holder  140  may include a terminal region  44  or a terminal surface, in which the conductive portions are disposed or formed. The terminal region  44  or the terminal surface may protrude below the lower surface of the lens holder  140 . 
     Alternatively, the terminal region  44  may be formed in the shape of a recess that is recessed in the outer side surface of the lens holder  140 . 
     In an example, the second coupling portions  9   b  and  10   b  may include at least one of a linear shape or a curved shape (or a bent shape). 
     In an example, the connection portion  9   c  may have a curved or bent shape, and may be disposed on the protruding portion  140   b  of the lens holder  140 . 
     Each of the conductive portions  91 - 1  to  91 - 9  may be formed such that the width of part thereof is different from the width of the remaining part thereof. 
     Referring to  FIG.  12   , each of the second coupling portions  9   b  and  10   b  may include a first portion P 11 , which is coupled to a corresponding one of the connection portions  9   c  and  10   c , a second portion P 12 , which is coupled to the terminal  195  of the substrate  190 , and a third portion P 13 , which is disposed between the first portion P 11  and the second portion P 12 . In addition, the second coupling portion  9   b  may further include a fourth portion P 14  interconnecting the second portion P 12  and the third portion P 13 . 
     In an example, the width W33 of the third portion P 13  may be greater than the width W31 of the first portion P 11  and the width W32 of the second portion P 12 . When active alignment is performed, the third portion P 13  may be gripped using a gripper in order to apply a drive signal (or drive voltage) to the liquid lens  50  and the thermistor  45 . Since the width W33 of the third portion P 13  is relatively large (W33&gt;W31 and W33&gt;W32), drive voltage may be stably supplied to the liquid lens  50  while active alignment is performed. 
     In addition, in an example, the width W32 of the second portion P 12  may be greater than the width W31 of the first portion P 11 . Accordingly, conductive contact between the terminal  195  of the substrate  190  and the conductive portion may be reliably realized. 
     Although the conductive adhesive member  69  is described as being provided separately from the conductive member  90 , the conductive adhesive member  69  may be embodied as a component of the conductive member  90 . 
     In the embodiment, portions of the terminal units  60  and  70  of the first lens unit  130  may be embedded in the conductive adhesive member  69 . Accordingly, conductive connection may be achieved without applying external pressure to the terminal units  60  and  70  of the first lens unit  130 . 
     Meanwhile, in the embodiment, it is possible to ensure stable resistance by increasing the contact area of the conductive adhesive member  69  between the terminal units  60  and  70  of the first lens unit  130  and the conductive member  90 . 
     Each of the conductive portions  91 - 1  to  91 - 9  of the conductive member  90  may include a conductive layer formed on the surface of the lens holder  140 . In this case, the conductive layer may be formed on the surface of the lens holder  140  using a molded interconnection device (MID) technology. 
     The conductive layer may extend along the upper surface  201  of the lens holder  140  and the outer side surface of the lens holder  140 . The conductive layer may be connected at one end thereof to the terminal  195  of the substrate  190 , and may be connected at the other end thereof to the terminal units  60  and  70  of the first lens unit  130 . 
     In a modification, the conductive layer of each of the conductive portions  91 - 1  to  91 - 9  of the conductive member  90  may be formed on the lens holder  140  through insert injection molding. In an example, the conductive members  91 - 1  to  91 - 9  may be formed in a manner such that the same are coupled to the lens holder  140  through insert injection molding. 
     In a modification, the conductive portions  91 - 1  to  91 - 9  of the conductive member  90  may be structured such that separate terminals are bonded to the lens holder  140 . 
     The thermistor  45  may detect the temperature of the camera module  100 . For example, the thermistor  45  may detect the temperature of the liquid lens  50 , or may prevent the value of current flowing through the liquid lens from exceeding a predetermined value. 
     For example, the thermistor  45  may be embodied as a thermistor in which a resistance value varies depending on changes in temperature, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. The thermistor  45  may include a first electrode  41  and a second electrode  42 , and a drive signal (e.g. drive voltage or drive current) may be supplied to the first electrode  41  and the second electrode  42 . 
     The first and second electrodes  41  and  42  of the thermistor  45  may be conductively connected to the conductive portions  91 - 8  and  91 - 9  via a conductive adhesive member. 
     In an example, the first and second electrodes  41  and  42  of the thermistor  45  may be coupled to the first coupling portions  10   a  of the conductive portions  91 - 8  and  91 - 9  by means of a conductive adhesive member. 
     The thermistor  45  may be disposed in a recess formed in the center of the second protruding portion  140   b   2 . In this case, the bottom surface of the recess may be the second surface  201   d  of the upper surface of the protruding portion  140   b.    
     The cover  300  may cover the lens holder  140 , and may accommodate the lens holder  140 . 
     The cover  300  may define the external appearance of the camera module  100 . The cover  300  may be formed in the shape of a polyhedron, for example, a hexahedron, which is open at the lower surface thereof. 
     The cover  300  may be a nonmagnetic body. The cover  300  may be made of a metal material. 
     For example, the cover  300  may be embodied as a metal plate. 
     The cover  300  may be connected to the ground of the substrate  190 . Accordingly, the cover  300  may be grounded. The cover  300  may block electromagnetic interference (EMI). In this case, the cover  300  may be referred to as an “EMI shield can”. In another embodiment, the cover  300  may not be conductively connected to the ground of the substrate  190 . 
     The cover  300  may include an upper plate  301  and a side plate  302  extending from the upper plate  301 . The upper plate  301  of the cover  300  may have a bore (or a hole)  303  formed therein to expose at least a portion of the lens barrel  110  therethrough. 
     The side plate  302  of the cover  300  may have a bore formed therein to expose at least a portion of the conductive member  90  therethrough. In an example, the bore in the side plate  302  of the cover  300  may expose the second coupling portion  9   b  of at least one of the conductive portions  91 - 1  to  91 - 9 . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  15  and  16   , the lens barrel  110  may include a first barrel portion  110 A in which the first lens unit  130  is disposed or accommodated, a second barrel portion  110 B in which the second lens unit  112  is disposed or accommodated, and a third barrel portion  110 C in which the third lens unit  113  is disposed or accommodated. 
     The second barrel portion  110 B may be disposed on the first barrel portion  110 A, and the third barrel portion  110 C may be disposed under the first barrel portion  110 A. 
     The first barrel portion  111 A may include a body and an accommodation space  5 A defined in the body. The first lens unit  130  may be disposed in the accommodation space  5 A in the body of the first barrel portion  110 A. The accommodation space  5 A may have a shape suitable for accommodating the first lens unit  130 . Here, the “accommodation space” may alternatively be referred to as a “space”. 
     In an example, the first barrel portion  110 A may include an inner upper surface  2   a , an inner lower surface  2   b , and an inner side surface  2   c  interconnecting the inner upper surface  2   a  and the inner lower surface  2   b  in order to define the accommodation space  5 A. 
     The first barrel portion  110 A may include a first side surface (or a first outer side surface)  52   a  and a second side surface (or a second outer side surface)  52   b , which are located opposite each other, and a third side surface (or a third outer side surface)  52   c  and a fourth side surface (or a fourth outer side surface)  52   c , which interconnect the first side surface  52   a  and the second side surface  52   b  and are located opposite each other. In an example, the accommodation space  5 A in the first barrel portion  110 A may be defined inside the first to fourth side surfaces  52   a  to  52   d  of the first barrel portion  110 A. 
     At least one of the first side surface  52   a  or the second side surface  52   b  of the first barrel portion  110 A may have at least one opening  505 A or  505 B formed therein to allow the first lens unit  130  to be inserted thereinto or to be assembled thereto. 
     In an example, as shown in  FIGS.  15  and  16   , the first barrel portion  110 A may have a first opening  505 A formed in the first side surface  52   a  and a second opening  505 B formed in the second side surface  52   b.    
     By virtue of the first and second openings  505 A and  505 B, the accommodation space  5 A in the first barrel portion  110 A may be open toward the outside of the body of the first barrel portion  110 A. 
     In an example, one end of the first lens unit  110 A may project outside the first opening  505 A in the first barrel portion  110 A, and the other end of the first lens unit  110 A may project outside the second opening  505 B in the first barrel portion  110 A. 
     The second barrel portion  110 B may protrude from the upper portion of the body of the first barrel portion  110 A. In an example, the second barrel portion  110 B may protrude from the upper part of the first barrel portion  110 A in the optical-axis direction or the upward direction. 
     In an example, the second barrel portion  110 B may include a first body  8 A and a second body  8 B disposed on the first body  8 A. 
     The upper surface of the first body  8 A of the second barrel portion  110 B may include a stepped portion  510 , which includes a first surface P 1 , a second surface P 2  having a height difference with respect to the first surface P 1  in the optical-axis direction, and a third surface P 3  interconnecting the first surface P 1  and the second surface P 2 . 
     The second surface P 2  of the upper surface of the first body  8 A may be contiguous with the second body  8 B, and the first surface P 1  of the upper surface of the first body  8 A may be contiguous with the upper portion or the upper end of the side surface of the first body  8 A. 
     Referring to  FIG.  15   , the stepped portion  510  of the second barrel portion  110 B may include a first stepped portion disposed on one side of the second body  8 B of the second barrel portion  110 B and a second stepped portion disposed on the opposite side of the second body  8 B of the second barrel portion  110 B. 
     At least part of the second barrel portion  110 B may be exposed through the bore  303  in the cover  300 . In an example, the second body  8 B of the second barrel portion  110 B may be exposed through the bore  303  in the cover  300 . In an example, the second body  8 B of the second barrel portion  110 B may project outside the cover  300  through the bore  303  in the cover  300 . 
     In an example, the second surface P 2  of the first body  8 A of the second barrel portion  110 B may be exposed through the bore  303  in the cover  300 . In addition, in an example, a region on the first surface P 1  that is adjacent to the third surface P 3  of the first body  8 A of the second barrel portion  1  OB may be exposed through the bore  303  in the cover  300 . 
     The second surface P 2  of the first body  8 A of the second barrel portion  110 B may be located inside the cover  300 . In an example, the second surface P 2  of the first body  8 A of the second barrel portion  110 B may be located below the upper surface  301  of the cover  300 . 
     The diameter of the bore  303  in the cover  300  may be larger than the diameter of the outer circumference of the second body  8 B. 
     The inner surface of at least a portion of the upper plate  301  of the cover  300  may face or overlap the first surface P 1  of the second barrel portion  110 B of the lens barrel  110  in the optical-axis direction. 
     In an example, the inner surface of a portion of the upper plate  301  of the cover  300 , which is adjacent to the bore  303 , may face or overlap the first surface P 1  of the second barrel portion  110 B in the optical-axis direction. 
     In addition, the upper plate  301  of the cover  300  may not face or overlap the second surface P 2  of the second barrel portion  110 B in the optical-axis direction. 
     In addition, referring to  FIG.  14   , in an example, the inner surface of the upper plate  301  of the cover  300  may be located at a higher position than the first surface P 1  of the second barrel portion  110 B. In addition, in an example, the inner surface of the upper plate  301  of the cover  300  may be located at a lower position than the second surface P 2  of the second barrel portion  110 B. In another embodiment, the inner surface of the upper plate  301  of the cover  300  may be located at the same height as the second surface P 2  of the second barrel portion  110 B. 
     Accordingly, it is possible to avoid spatial interference between the upper plate  301  of the cover  300  and the second surface P 2  of the second barrel portion  110 B, thus preventing an increase in the length (or the height) of the camera module  100  in the optical-axis direction. 
     That is, spatial interference between the stepped portion  510  and the cover  300  may be prevented by the bore  303  in the cover  300 . 
     The second body  8 B of the second barrel portion  110 B may be formed in a cylindrical shape, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. The second body of the second barrel portion may be formed in any of various shapes. 
     The included angle between the outer side surface of the second body  8 B and the second surface P 2  of the first body  8 A may be an obtuse angle. In an example, the second body  8 B may be formed to be inclined with respect to the second surface P 2 , and thus it is possible to prevent deformation of an injection-molded product when the injection-molded product is taken out of or separated from a mold in an injection molding process for formation of the lens barrel. In another embodiment, the included angle between the outer side surface of the second body  8 B and the second surface P 2  of the first body  8 A may be a right angle. 
     The second barrel portion  110 B may have an accommodation space formed therein to accommodate the second lens unit  112 , and the third barrel portion  110 C may have an accommodation space formed therein to accommodate the third lens unit  113 . 
     The inside of the first barrel portion  110 A, the inside of the second barrel portion  110 B, and the inside of the third barrel portion  110 C may communicate with one another. 
     In an example, the first barrel portion  110 A may have a third opening formed therein to allow the accommodation space  5 A 1  in the first barrel portion  110 A and the accommodation space in the second barrel portion  110 B to communicate with each other. In an example, the third opening in the first barrel portion  110 A may be formed in the inner upper surface  2   a  of the first barrel portion  110 A. 
     In addition, the first barrel portion  110 A may have a fourth opening formed therein to allow the accommodation space  5 A in the first barrel portion  110 A and the accommodation space in the third barrel portion  110 C to communicate with each other. In an example, the fourth opening in the first barrel portion  110 A may be formed in the inner lower surface  2   b  of the first barrel portion  110 A. 
     In an example, the length of the accommodation space  5 A in the first barrel portion  110 A in the crosswise direction may be longer than the length of each of the accommodation space in the second barrel portion  110 B and the accommodation space in the third barrel portion  1   b OC in the crosswise direction. Here, the crosswise direction may be a direction that is perpendicular to the optical-axis direction and is oriented toward the fourth side surface  52   d  of the lens barrel  110  from the third side surface  52   c  thereof. In addition, in an example, the accommodation space in the second barrel portion  110 B may be smaller than the accommodation space in the third barrel portion  110 C, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the former may be equal to or larger than the latter. 
     In addition, in an example, the length of the first lens unit  130  in the crosswise direction may be shorter than the length of the accommodation space  5 A in the first barrel portion  110 A in the crosswise direction. In addition, in an example, the length of the first lens unit  130  in the lengthwise direction may be longer than the length of the accommodation space  5 A 1  in the first barrel portion  110  in the lengthwise direction, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the former may be equal to the latter. Here, the lengthwise direction may be a direction that is perpendicular both to the optical-axis direction and to the crosswise direction. Alternatively, the lengthwise direction may be a direction that is perpendicular to the optical-axis direction and is oriented toward the second side surface  52   b  of the lens barrel  110  from the first side surface  52   a  thereof. 
     The second barrel portion  110 B may have an opening formed therein to expose at least a portion of the second lens unit  112 , for example an uppermost lens, therethrough. 
     In an example, the inner wall of the second barrel portion  110 B, which defines the accommodation space in the second barrel portion  110 B, may have at least one stepped structure. The peripheral region of the lens of the second lens unit  112  may be in surface contact with the stepped structure, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     The third barrel portion  110 C may have an opening formed therein to expose at least a portion of the third lens unit  113 , for example a lowermost lens, therethrough. In an example, the inner wall of the third barrel portion  110 C, which defines the accommodation space in the third barrel portion  110 C, may have at least one stepped structure. The peripheral region of the lens of the third lens unit  113  may be in surface contact with the stepped structure, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     The third surface P 3  of the stepped portion  510  of the second barrel portion  110 B may overlap the accommodation space  5 A in the first lens unit  110 A in the optical-axis direction. Accordingly, by virtue of the accommodation space  5 A in the first lens unit  110 A, it is possible to prevent the rigidity of the second barrel portion  110 B of the lens barrel  110  from being reduced and to increase the rigidity of the second barrel portion  110 B. 
     In addition, in an example, the second body  8 B and the second surface P 2  of the first body  8 A of the second barrel portion  110 B may overlap the accommodation space  8 A in the first lens unit  110 A in the optical-axis direction. Accordingly, by virtue of the accommodation space  5 A 1  in the first lens unit  110 A, it is possible to prevent the rigidity of the second barrel portion  110 B of the lens barrel  110  from being reduced and to increase the rigidity of the second barrel portion  110 B. 
     The height from the first barrel portion  110 A to the second surface P 2  of the first body  8 A of the second barrel portion  110 B may be higher than the height from the first barrel portion  110 A to the first surface of the first body  8 A of the second barrel portion  110 B. 
     Since the second barrel portion  110 B includes the stepped portion  510 , the area of the outer circumferential surface of the second barrel portion  110 B or the area of a cross-section of the second barrel portion  110 B taken along line AB may increase due to the stepped portion  510 . 
     Due to the increase in the area of the outer circumferential surface of the second barrel portion  110 B or the area of a cross-section of the second barrel portion  110 B taken along line AB, the load that is intensively applied to the second barrel portion  110 B by external force during an assembly process may be dispersed. Accordingly, the embodiment may prevent deformation of the lens barrel  110  due to external force applied thereto during an assembly process. Here, the assembly process may include at least one of assembly between the lens barrel  110  and the lens assembly  120  or assembly between the lens barrel  110  and the lens holder  140 . 
     Since the thickness of the first body  8 A disposed between the first barrel portion  110 A and the second body  8 B of the second barrel portion  110 B increases due to the stepped portion  510 , it is possible to increase the rigidity of the lens barrel  110 , thus improving the reliability of the rigidity of the lens barrel  110 . 
     The first barrel portion  110 A may include one or more protrusions Q 1  to Q 4 , which protrude from at least one of the first side surface  52   a  or the second side surface  52   b  of the first barrel portion  110 A. 
     The one or more protrusions Q 1  to Q 4  may protrude in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. 
     The first protrusion Q 1  may be located on one side of the first opening  505 A in the first barrel portion  110 A, and the second protrusion Q 2  may be located on the opposite side of the first opening  505 A in the first barrel portion  110 A. In an example, the first opening  505 A in the first barrel portion  110 A may be disposed between the first protrusion Q 1  and the second protrusion Q 2 . 
     The third protrusion Q 3  may be located on one side of the second opening  505 B in the first barrel portion  110 A, and the fourth protrusion Q 4  may be located on the opposite side of the second opening  505 B in the first barrel portion  110 A. In an example, the second opening  505 B in the first barrel portion  110 A may be disposed between the third protrusion Q 3  and the fourth protrusion Q 4 . 
     Each of the protrusions Q 1  to Q 4  of the lens barrel  110  may be disposed in or inserted into a corresponding one of the recesses B 1  to B 4  in the lens holder  140 . 
     When the lens barrel  110  is assembled or coupled to the lens holder  140 , the protrusions Q 1  to Q 4  of the lens barrel  110  may prevent rotation of the lens barrel  110 , or may prevent rotation of the lens barrel  110  beyond a predetermined angle. 
     If the protrusions Q 1  to Q 4  of the lens barrel  110  and the recesses B 1  to B 4  in the lens holder  140  according to the embodiment are not provided, the lens barrel may be rotated and thus may project outwards from the lens holder  140  during assembly of the lens barrel with the lens holder, and the cover and the lens barrel may collide with each other and thus the lens barrel and/or the cover may be deformed during assembly of the cover with the lens holder. The embodiment may prevent collision between the lens barrel and the cover, thereby preventing the lens barrel and/or the cover from being deformed or damaged. 
     In order to stabilize the performance of a liquid lens, which is included in a camera module mounted on the front surface of a mobile device, for example, a cellular phone, the size of the liquid lens may be increased. When the size of the liquid lens is increased for this reason, the size of a holder, on which the liquid lens is seated, may also be increased, and the size of an accommodation space in a lens barrel, into which the holder is inserted or mounted, may also be increased. 
     However, when only the size of the accommodation space is increased without increasing the size of the lens barrel due to restrictions on the size of the camera module mounted on the front surface of the cellular phone, the thickness of a portion of the lens barrel, for example a second lens unit, may be decreased, and thus the rigidity of the lens barrel may be decreased. When the rigidity of the lens barrel is decreased, the lens barrel may undergo deformation or damage caused by external force during assembly of the lens barrel with the lens assembly and assembly of the lens barrel with the lens holder, thereby deteriorating the performance and the reliability of the camera module. 
     According to the embodiment, by virtue of the stepped portion  510  of the lens barrel  110 , the rigidity of the lens barrel  110  may be increased without increasing the size of the camera module. As a result, it is possible to prevent deformation of the lens barrel due to external force during an assembly process and to prevent deterioration in the reliability of the camera module. 
     In the liquid lens  50 , an inflection point may occur in operation depending on the temperature. In order to manage the inflection point of the liquid lens  50 , the liquid lens  50  may be provided with a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the liquid lens  50 . Information on the temperature measured by the temperature sensor may be provided to a controller of the camera module, for example, a driver IC. The driver IC may perform control in response to a drive signal using the temperature information in order to manage the inflection point of the liquid lens. 
     In addition, in order to prevent deterioration in the performance of the liquid lens  50  due to a decrease in the temperature of the liquid lens  50 , the liquid lens  50  may include a heater for controlling the temperature of the liquid lens  50 . 
       FIG.  10 A  illustrates a terminal unit  330 - 1  according to another embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  10 A , the terminal unit  330 - 1  may include a first portion  20 A coupled to the electrode  51  or  52  of the liquid lens  50 , a second portion  20 B disposed on the holder  80 , and a third portion  20 C interconnecting the first portion  20 A and the second portion  20 B. 
     The shape of each of the first portions  60 - 1  and  70 - 1  of the terminal units  60  and  70  viewed from above in  FIGS.  8  and  9    may be a polygonal shape (e.g. a quadrangular shape, a rectangular shape, or a square shape), but the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     The shape of the first portion  20 A of the terminal unit  330 - 1  viewed from above in  FIG.  10 A  may be a quadrangular shape (e.g. a rectangular shape) having curved or rounded corners. 
     In another embodiment, the shape of the first portion of the terminal unit viewed from above may be an elliptical or circular shape. 
     In  FIGS.  8  and  9   , the widths W1 and W2 of the third portions  60 - 3  and  70 - 3  of the first and second terminal units  60  and  70  may be constant from one ends of the third portions  60 - 3  and  70 - 3  to the other ends of the third portions  60 - 3  and  70 - 3 , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     As shown in  FIG.  10 A , the width of part of the third portion  20 C of the terminal unit  330 - 1  may be different from the width of another part of the third portion  20 C of the terminal unit  330 - 1 . 
     In an example, the width W11 of one end of the third portion  20 C, which is connected to the first portion  20 A, may be smaller than the width W12 of the other end of the third portion  20 C, which is connected to the second portion  20 B. 
     In another embodiment, the width of one end of the third portion  20 C, which is connected to the first portion  20 A, may be larger than the width of the other end of the third portion  20 C, which is connected to the second portion  20 B. The description of the terminal unit in  FIG.  10 A  may also apply to at least one of the first terminal unit  60  or the second terminal unit  70 . 
     In addition, part of the third portion  20 C may be disposed on the holder  80 . In an example, one end of the third portion  20 C, which is connected to the second portion  20 B, and a region adjacent thereto may be disposed on the holder  80 . 
     Referring to  FIG.  10 A , one end of the third portion  20 C may be connected or coupled to the outer surface or the outer side of the first portion  20 A, which is adjacent to and faces the third portion  20 C (or the second portion  20 B), and may be spaced apart from a corner (or an edge) of the first portion  20 A. 
     In an example, when viewed from above, one end of the third portion  20 C may overlap the reference line  402 . In addition, when viewed from above, the other end of the third portion  20 C, which is connected or coupled to the second portion  20 B, may be located on one side of the reference line  402 , and may not overlap the reference line  402 . 
     In another embodiment, one end of the third portion  20 C may be connected or coupled to any one of the corners (or the edges) of the first portion  20 A that are adjacent to and face the third portion  20 C (or the second portion  20 B). 
       FIG.  10 B  illustrates a terminal unit  330 - 2  according to still another embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  10 B , the terminal unit  330 - 2  may include a first portion  21 A 1  coupled to the electrode  51  or  52  of the liquid lens  50 , a second portion  21 B 1  disposed on the holder  80 , and a third portion  21 C 1  interconnecting the first portion  21 A 1  and the second portion  21 B 1 . 
     Referring to FIG. OB, with regard to the shape of the first portion  21 A 1  viewed from above, reference may be made to the description of the shapes of the first portions  60 - 1 ,  70 - 1 , and  20 A shown in  FIGS.  8 ,  9 , and  10 A . 
     The third portion  21 C 1  may include at least one linear portion and at least one curved portion or bent portion. 
     In an example, the third portion  21 C 1  may include a first region S 1  connected to the first portion  21 A 1 , a second region S 2  connected to the second portion  21 B 1 , and a third region S 3  interconnecting the first region S 1  and the second region S 2 . 
     Each of the first region S 1  and the second region S 2  may include a curved or bent portion. The second region may take the form of a straight line or an oblique line, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     The third portion  21 C 1  may be formed such that the width thereof gradually decreases and then increases in the direction from the first region S 1  toward the second region S 2 . 
     In an example, the third portion  21 C 1  may include a 3-1 st  portion (e.g. S 1 ), which gradually decreases in width in the direction from the first region S 1  toward the second region S 2 , and a 3-2 nd  portion (e.g. S 2 ), which gradually increases in width in the direction from the first region S 1  toward the second region S 2 . In addition, the third portion  21 C 1  may further include a 3-3 rd  portion (e.g. S 3 ), which is formed between the 3-1 st  portion (e.g. S 1 ) and the 3-2 nd  portion (e.g. S 2 ) and has a constant width. 
     In an example, the width of the first region S 1  may be larger than the width of the third region S 3 , and the width of the second region S 2  may be larger than the width of the third region S 3 . 
     In addition, part of the third portion  21 C 1  may be disposed on the holder  80 . In an example, one end of the third portion  21 C, which is connected to the second portion  21 B 1 , and a region adjacent thereto may be disposed on the holder  80 . 
     One end of the third portion  21 C 1  may be connected or coupled to any one of two corners (or edges) of the first portion  21 A  1  that are adjacent to and face the third portion  20 C  1  (or the second portion  20 B 1 ). 
     The other end of the third portion  21 C 1  may be connected or coupled to part of the second portion  21 B 1 . 
     In an example, one end of the third portion  21 C 1  and the other end of the third portion  21 C 1  may be located opposite each other with respect to the reference line  402 . When viewed from above, one end of the third portion  21 C 1  and the other end of the third portion  21 C 1  may not overlap the reference line  402 . 
       FIG.  10 C  illustrates a terminal unit  330 - 3  according to still another embodiment. 
     Referring to FIC.  10 C, the terminal unit  330 - 3  may include a first portion  21 A 2  coupled to the electrode  51  or  52  of the liquid lens  50 , a second portion  21 B 2  disposed on the holder  80 , and a third portion  21 C 2  interconnecting the first portion  21 A 2  and the second portion  21 B 2 . 
     The first portion  21 A 2  may include at least one curved, bent, or rounded portion. 
     The third portion  23 C 2  may include at least one curved, bent, or rounded portion. 
     The width W13 of the first portion  21 A 2  may be equal to the width W14 of the third portion  23 C 2 . 
     The first portion  21 A 2  may include at least one linear portion  6 A 1  and at least one bent portion  6 A 2 . The at least one bent portion  6 A 2  may be connected to one end of the third portion  23 C 2 . 
     The at least one linear portion  61 A 1  of the first portion  21 A 2  may be parallel to the horizontal direction (e.g. the crosswise direction). Here, the horizontal direction may be a direction that is perpendicular to the direction from the first portion  23 A 2  toward the second portion  23 B 2 . 
     The third portion  23 C 2  may include one or more linear portions  7 A 1  and  7 A 2  and one or more bent portions  7131  and  7132 . 
     The linear portions  7 A 1  and  7 A 2  of the third portion  23 C 2  may be parallel to the horizontal direction (e.g. the crosswise direction). In an example, the third portion  23 C 2  may include a plurality of linear portions  7 A 1  and  7 A 2 , which are spaced apart from each other, and a plurality of bent portions  7 B 1  and  7 B 2 , which are spaced apart from each other. 
     Each of the plurality of linear portions  7 A 1  and  7 A 2  may be parallel to the horizontal direction (e.g. the crosswise direction). One (e.g.  7 A 2 ) of the linear portions  7 A 1  and  7 A 2  may be connected to one end (e.g.  6 A 2 ) of the first portion  23 A 2 . 
     In addition, the bent portion  7 B 1  may connect one (e.g.  7 A 1 ) of the linear portions  7 A 1  and  7 A 2  to the second portion  23 B 2 . In addition, the bent portion  7 B 2  may interconnect the two adjacent linear portions  7 A 1  and  7 A 2 . 
     In another embodiment, one of the bent portions of the third portion may be connected to one end of the first portion. In still another embodiment, one of the linear portions of the third portion may be connected to the second portion. 
     The width of the linear portion and the width of the bent portion may be equal to each other. In another embodiment, the width of the bent portion may be larger than the width of the linear portion. In still another embodiment, the width of the bent portion may be smaller than the width of the linear portion. 
       FIG.  10 D  illustrates a terminal unit  330 - 4  according to still another embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  10 D , the terminal unit  330 - 4  may include a first portion  21 A 3  coupled to the electrode  51  or  52  of the liquid lens  50 , a second portion  21 B 3  disposed on the holder  80 , and a third portion  21 C 3  interconnecting the first portion  21 A 3  and the second portion  21 B 3 . 
     The first portion  21 A 3  may include at least one curved, bent, or rounded portion. The third portion  23 C 3  may include at least one curved, bent, or rounded portion. 
     The width W15 of the first portion  21 A 3  may be equal to the width W16 of the third portion  23 C 3 . 
     The first portion  21 A 3  may include one or more linear portions  77 A 1  and  77 A 2  and at least one bent portion  77 B. The at least one bent portion  77 B may be connected to one end (e.g.  4 A 5 ) of the third portion  23 C 2 . 
     The one or more linear portions  77 A 1  and  77 A 2  of the first portion  21 A 3  may be parallel to the vertical direction (e.g. the lengthwise direction). Here, the vertical direction may be a direction that is parallel to the direction from the first portion  23 A 2  toward the second portion  2312 . For example, the vertical direction may be a direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction in  FIG.  10 C . 
     The third portion  23 C 3  may include one or more linear portions  4 A 1 ,  4 A 2 , and  4 A 3  and one or more bent portions  4 B 1  and  4 B 2 . 
     The linear portions  4 A 1 ,  4 A 2 , and  4 A 3  of the third portion  23 C 3  may be parallel to the vertical direction (e.g. the lengthwise direction). In an example, the third portion  23 C 3  may include a plurality of linear portions  4 A 1 ,  4 A 2 , and  4 A 3 , which are spaced apart from each other, and a plurality of bent portions  4 B 1  and  4 B 2 , which are spaced apart from each other. 
     Each of the plurality of linear portions  4 A 1 ,  4 A 2 , and  4 A 3  may be parallel to the vertical direction. 
     In an example, one (e.g.  4 A 1 ) of the linear portions  4 A 1 ,  4 A 2 , and  4 A 3  may be connected to one end of the second portion  23 B 3 . 
     In an example, another one (e.g.  4 A 2 ) of the linear portions  4 A 1 ,  4 A 2 , and  4 A 3  may be connected to a corresponding one (e.g.  77 A 2 ) of the linear portions  77 A 1  and  77 A 2  of the first portion  24 A 3 . In addition, in an example, still another one (e.g.  4 A 3 ) of the linear portions  4 A 1 ,  4 A 2 , and  4 A 3  may be connected to a corresponding one (e.g.  77 A 1 ) of the linear portions  77 A 1  and  77 A 2  of the first portion  24 A 3 . 
     In addition, in an example, the bent portion  4131  of the third portion  24 C 3  may be connected to the bent portion  77 B of the first portion  24 A 3 . In addition, in an example, the bent portion  4132  of the third portion  23 C 3  may interconnect the two adjacent linear portions  4 A 2  and  4 A 3  of the third portion  23 C 3 . 
     The width of the linear portion of the first portion  24 A 3  and the width of the bent portion thereof may be equal to each other. In another embodiment, the width of the bent portion of the first portion may be larger than the width of the linear portion thereof. In still another embodiment, the width of the bent portion of the first portion may be smaller than the width of the linear portion thereof. 
     In addition, the width of the linear portion of the third portion  24 C 3  and the width of the bent portion thereof may be equal to each other. In another embodiment, the width of the bent portion of the third portion may be larger than the width of the linear portion thereof. In still another embodiment, the width of the bent portion of the third portion may be smaller than the width of the linear portion thereof. 
     The description of the first hole  13 A, the second hole  13 B 1 , the third hole  13 B 2 , and the extension portions  14 A and  14 B in  FIGS.  7  to  9    may apply to the embodiments shown in  FIGS.  10 A to  10 D . 
     In general, a conductive adhesive member, for example Ag epoxy, may be used for conductive connection between a terminal unit and an electrode of a liquid lens. However, due to thermal expansion or contraction of the conductive adhesive member, the conductive connection between the terminal unit and the electrode of the liquid lens may be deteriorated, or may become defective. Thus, the reliability of the conductive connection between the two components may be reduced. In addition, due to thermal expansion or contraction of the conductive adhesive member (e.g. Ag epoxy), contact resistance between the conductive adhesive member and the terminal unit may vary, leading to deterioration in the reliability of the conductive connection between the two components. 
     According to the embodiments, since the third portions  60 - 2  and  70 - 2  of the terminal units  60  and  70 , which are connected to the first portions  60 - 1  and  70 - 1  of the terminal units  60  and  70 , take the form of a leg, it is possible to reduce the stiffness of the terminal units, thereby preventing electrical reliability from being deteriorated by thermal expansion or contraction of the conductive adhesive member (e.g. Ag epoxy). To this end, according to the embodiments, the widths of the third portions  60 - 2  and  70 - 2  of the terminal units  60  and  70  may be set to be less than the diameters of the first portions  60 - 1  and  70 - 1  of the terminal units  60  and  70 . 
     In an example, in the terminal units  60  and  70 , the thicknesses of the first portions  60 - 1  and  70 - 1 , the thicknesses of the second portions  60 - 2  and  70 - 2 , and the thicknesses of the third portions  60 - 3  and  70 - 3  may be equal to each other. In another embodiment, the thicknesses of the third portions  60 - 3  and  70 - 3  may be smaller than the thicknesses of the first portions  60 - 1  and  70 - 1  and the thicknesses of the second portions  60 - 2  and  70 - 2 . In still another embodiment, the thicknesses of the third portions  60 - 3  and  70 - 3  may be larger than the thicknesses of the first portions  60 - 1  and  70 - 1  and the thicknesses of the second portions  60 - 2  and  70 - 2 . 
     For example, the widths W1 of the third portions  60 - 3  and  70 - 3  may be 1 to 3 times the thicknesses of the third portions  60 - 3  and  70 - 3 . For example, the widths W1 of the third portions  60 - 3  and  70 - 3  may be 1.2 to 2 times the thicknesses of the third portions  60 - 3  and  70 - 3 . For example, the widths W1 of the third portions  60 - 3  and  70 - 3  may be 1.25 to 1.5 times the thicknesses of the third portions  60 - 3  and  70 - 3 . Alternatively, for example, the widths W1 of the third portions  60 - 3  and  70 - 3  may be 1 to 1.2 times the thicknesses of the third portions  60 - 3  and  70 - 3 . 
     When the widths W1 of the third portions  60 - 3  and  70 - 3  are less than the thicknesses of the third portions  60 - 3  and  70 - 3 , the third portions may be easily broken by an impact or the like, leading to electrical disconnection. Further, when the widths W1 of the third portions  60 - 3  and  70 - 3  are more than 3 times the thicknesses of the third portions  60 - 3  and  70 - 3 , it may not be possible to sufficiently reduce the stiffness of the terminal units  60  and  70 , thereby deteriorating the reliability of the conductive connection between the terminal units  60  and  70  and the electrodes  51  and  52  of the liquid lens  50 . 
     In order to reduce the stiffness of the terminal units  60  and  70  to thus ensure the reliability of the conductive connection between the terminal units  60  and  70  and the electrodes  51  and  52  of the liquid lens  50 , the widths W1 of the third portions  60 - 3  and  70 - 3  may be not more than 1.5 times the thickness of the third portions  60 - 3  and  70 - 3 . 
       FIG.  18    is a perspective view of a camera module  1100  according to an embodiment,  FIG.  19    is an exploded view of the camera module  1100  in  FIG.  18   , and  FIG.  20    is a cross-sectional view taken along line AB in the camera module  1100  in  FIG.  18   . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  18  to  20   , the camera module  1100  may include a lens barrel  1110  and a lens assembly  1120  disposed or mounted on the lens barrel  1110 . The camera module  1100  may include a lens holder  1140  for accommodating the lens barrel  1110  and a conductive member  1090  disposed on the lens holder  1140 . 
     In addition, the camera module  1100  may include an image sensor  1160  disposed under the lens barrel  1110 . 
     The camera module  1100  may further include a thermistor  1045 . 
     The lens holder  1140  may alternatively be referred to as a “base”. 
     The lens holder  1140  may be disposed on a substrate  1190 , and the lens barrel  1110  may be coupled to the lens holder  1140 . 
     The camera module  1100  may further include a filter  1150 . 
     The camera module  1100  may further include a sensor base  1180  on which the filter  1150  is disposed or mounted. The sensor base  1180  may alternatively be referred to as a “holder”. 
     The camera module  1100  may further include a substrate  1190 . 
     In addition, the camera module  1100  may further include a circuit element  1170  disposed or mounted on the substrate  1190 . 
     In addition, the camera module  1100  may further include a cover  1300 . 
     The substrate  1190  may be a printed circuit board (PCB). 
     The substrate  1190  may be disposed under the sensor base  1180 , and may include a first substrate  1191 , a second substrate  1192  connected to the first substrate  1191 , a third substrate  1193  connected to the second substrate  1192 , and a connector  1194  connected to the third substrate  1193 . 
     In an example, the circuit element  1170  may be disposed or mounted on the first substrate  1191 . In addition, the substrate  1190  may include at least one terminal  1195  disposed or formed on the first substrate  1191 . In an example, the terminal  1195  of the substrate  1190  may be provided in a plural number, and the plurality of terminals  1195  of the substrate  1190  may correspond to, face, or overlap the conductive member  1090  in the optical-axis direction, and may be conductively connected to the conductive member  1090  via solder or the like. 
     The sensor base  1180  and the image sensor  1160  may be disposed on the first substrate  1191 . In an example, each of the first substrate  1191  and the third substrate  1193  may be a rigid printed circuit board, and the second substrate  1192  may be a flexible printed circuit board conductively connecting the first substrate  1191  to the third substrate  1193 , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, at least one of the first to third substrates may be a rigid printed circuit board or a flexible printed circuit board. In still another embodiment, the first to third substrates may be integrated into a single substrate. 
     The image sensor  1160  may be disposed or mounted on the substrate  1190 . In an example, the image sensor  1160  may be disposed or mounted on the upper surface of the first substrate  1191 , and may be conductively connected to the substrate  1190 . 
     The optical axis of the image sensor  1160  and the optical axis of the lens assembly  1120  may be in alignment with each other. The image sensor  1160  may include an effective image area (or an active area), may convert light radiated onto the effective image area (or the active area) into an electrical signal, and may output the converted electrical signal. 
     The circuit element  1170  may be conductively connected to the first substrate  1191 , and may constitute a controller for controlling the image sensor  1160  and a first lens unit  1130 . In an example, the circuit element  1170  may include at least one of at least one capacitor, a memory, a controller, a sensor, or an integrated circuit (IC). 
     The camera module  1100  may further include a cover  1175 , which is disposed on the first substrate  1191  and covers the circuit element  1170  in order to protect the circuit element  1170 . 
     The sensor base  1180  may be disposed on the substrate  1190 . In an example, the sensor base  1180  may be disposed on the upper surface of the first substrate  1191 , and may be attached or coupled to the upper surface of the first substrate  1191 . In an example, the sensor base  1180  may be disposed between the substrate  1190  and the lens holder  1140 . 
     The camera module  1100  may be disposed between the sensor base  1180  and the substrate  1190 , and may include an adhesive (not shown) for attaching or fixing the sensor base  1180  to the upper surface of the substrate  1190 . 
     The sensor base  1180  may surround the image sensor  1160  to protect the image sensor  1160  from external foreign substances or impacts, and may include a bore  1181  formed therein to expose the effective image area (or the active area) of the image sensor  1160 . In an example, the bore  1181  may be a through-hole formed through the sensor base  1180  in the direction of the optical axis OA. 
     In addition, the sensor base  1180  may be provided on the upper surface thereof with a seating portion  1182  on which the filter  1150  is seated. The seating portion  1182  may have a height difference in the optical-axis direction with respect to the upper surface of the sensor base  1180 , and may be formed so as to surround the bore  1181 . In an example, the seating portion  1182  may take the form of a recess depressed into the upper surface of the sensor base  1180 , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the seating portion may take the form of a protruding portion protruding from the upper surface of the sensor base  1180 . 
     A portion of the lower surface of the sensor base  1180  may be depressed so as to define a space or a seating recess (not shown) in which to dispose the image sensor  1160 . 
     In addition, the sensor base  1180  may be disposed on the first substrate  1191 , and may be spaced apart from the circuit element  1170  so as not to overlap the circuit element  1170  in the optical-axis direction. In another embodiment, the sensor base  1180  may be omitted. 
     The filter  1150  may be disposed on the sensor base  1180 . In an example, the filter  1150  may be disposed on the seating portion  1182  in the sensor base  1180 , and may be located above the effective image area (or the active area) of the image sensor  1160 . 
     The filter  1150  may be disposed between the lens assembly  1120  and the image sensor  1160 , and may filter light within a specific wavelength range, among the light that has passed through the lens assembly  1120 . The filter  1150  may be, for example, an infrared (IR) cut filter for blocking infrared radiation or an ultraviolet (UV) cut filter for blocking ultraviolet radiation, but the embodiments are not limited thereto. In an example, the filter  1150  may include at least one of an infrared cut filter or an ultraviolet cut filter. 
     The lens holder  1140  may be disposed on the substrate  1190 . 
     In an example, the lens holder  1140  may be disposed on the sensor base  1180 . In an example, the lower surface of the lens holder  1140  may be coupled to the upper surface of the sensor base  1180 . 
     The lens holder  1140  may be disposed in the cover  1300 . In addition, the sensor base  1180  may be disposed in the cover. 
     The lens holder  1140  may be formed of an insulating material. 
     The lens holder  1140  may be disposed between the lens assembly  1120  and the substrate  1190 . In an example, the lens holder  1140  may be disposed between the first lens unit  1130  and the first substrate  1191 . 
     The conductive member  1090  may be disposed on the lens holder  1140 . Drive signals (e.g. drive voltages) provided from the substrate  1190  may be transmitted to the first lens unit  1130  through the conductive member  1090 , and a signal related to detection of temperature, which is output from the thermistor  1045 , may be transmitted to the substrate  1190  through the conductive member  1090 . 
     An adhesive (not shown) may be disposed between the sensor base  1180  and the lens holder  1140 , and the sensor base  1180  and the lens holder  1140  may be coupled to each other by the adhesive. 
     In an example, the adhesive may be disposed between the upper surface of the sensor base  1180  and the lower surface of the lens holder  1140 , and the sensor base  1180  and the lens holder  1140  may be coupled or attached to each other by the adhesive. In another example, the adhesive may be disposed between the side surface of the sensor base  1180  and the lens holder  1140 . In an example, the adhesive may seal the gap between the sensor base  1180  and the lens holder  1140 . 
     In addition to the above adhesive, the camera module  1100  according to the embodiment may further include an adhesive for bonding the lens barrel  1110  to the lens holder  1140  and an adhesive for bonding a holder  1080  of the first lens unit  1130  to the lens holder  1140 . 
     The lens assembly  1120  may be mounted or disposed on the lens barrel  1110 . The lens assembly  1120  may alternatively be referred to as a “lens module”. In another embodiment, the lens module may include the lens barrel  1110  and the lens assembly  1120 . 
     The lens assembly  1120  may include the first lens unit  1130  including a liquid lens. In an example, the lens assembly  1120  may include the first lens unit  1130 , a second lens unit  1112 , and a third lens unit  1113 . 
     The first lens unit  1130  may include an optical unit, and the optical unit may include at least one lens. The optical unit may collect an input light signal reflected from a subject through the at least one lens and may transmit the input light signal to the image sensor  1160 . 
     In an example, the first lens unit  1130  may include a variable lens. The variable lens may be a variable focus lens. Further, the variable lens may be a lens that is adjustable in focus. 
     The variable lens may be at least one of a liquid lens, a polymer lens, a liquid crystal lens, a voice coil motor (VCM)-type lens, or a shape memory alloy (SMA)-type lens. 
     Here, the liquid lens may include a liquid lens including a single type of liquid and a liquid lens including two types of liquids. The focus of the liquid lens including a single type of liquid may be changed by controlling a membrane disposed at a position corresponding to the liquid. For example, the focus of the liquid lens may be changed by pressing the membrane using the electromagnetic force between a magnet and a coil. The liquid lens including two types of liquids may include a conductive liquid and a non-conductive liquid, and may control the interface formed between the conductive liquid and the non-conductive liquid using a voltage applied to the liquid lens. 
     In addition, the focus of the polymer lens may be changed by controlling a polymer material using a driver such as a piezo actuator. 
     In addition, the focus of the liquid crystal lens may be changed by controlling a liquid crystal using electromagnetic force. 
     In addition, the focus of the VCM-type lens may be changed by controlling a solid lens or a lens assembly including a solid lens using the electromagnetic force between a magnet and a coil. 
     In addition, the focus of the SMA-type lens may be changed by controlling a solid lens or a lens assembly including a solid lens using a shape memory alloy. 
     In addition, the “optical unit” may include a filter that transmits light within a specific wavelength range. For example, the filter that transmits light within a specific wavelength range may include an IR pass filter. In addition, the optical unit may include an optical plate. In this case, the optical plate may be, for example, a light-transmissive plate. 
     The controller of the camera module  1100  or a controller  830  of an optical device  200 A may control the variable lens of the optical unit to shift an input light signal on the image sensor by a predetermined moving distance. The controller may shift the optical path of the input light signal using the variable lens of the optical unit. 
     In an example, in the lens assembly  1120 , the first lens unit  1130  may alternatively be referred to as a “liquid lens unit”, the second lens unit  1112  may alternatively be referred to as a “first solid lens unit”, and the third lens unit  1113  may alternatively be referred to as a “second solid lens unit”. 
     In another embodiment, at least one of the second and third lens units  1112  and  113  may be omitted from the lens assembly. In still another embodiment, the lens assembly  1120  may include the lens barrel  1110  in  FIG.  2   . 
     The first lens unit  1130  may include a liquid lens  1050 . 
       FIG.  21    is an exploded view of the first lens unit  1130 ,  FIG.  22    is a bottom view of the liquid lens  1050 ,  FIG.  23    is an upper perspective view of the holder  1080 , the liquid lens  1050 , and a first terminal unit  1040  of the first lens unit  1130 ,  FIG.  24 A  is a perspective view of a 1-1 st  terminal  1004 A of the first terminal unit  1040 ,  FIG.  24 B  is a perspective view of a 1-2 nd  terminal  1004 G of the first terminal unit  1040 ,  FIG.  25 A  is a perspective view of the holder  1080 , the liquid lens  1050 , the first terminal unit  1040 , and a second terminal unit  1060 ,  FIG.  25 B  illustrates a first conductive adhesive member  1068 A for coupling the first terminal unit  1040  and the second terminal unit  1060  in  FIG.  25 A  to each other,  FIG.  26 A  is a lower perspective view of the holder  1080 , the liquid lens  1050 , and the first terminal unit  1040  of the first lens unit  1130 ,  FIG.  26 B  is a lower perspective view of the holder  1080 , the liquid lens  1050 , the first terminal unit  1040 , and a third terminal unit  1070  of the first lens unit  1130 ,  FIG.  27    is a perspective view of a 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060 ,  FIG.  28    is an enlarged view of some terminals of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060 , and  FIG.  29    is a perspective view of a 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070 . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  21  to  29   , the first lens unit  1130  may include the liquid lens  1050 , the terminal units  1040 ,  1060 , and  1070 , and the holder  1080 . In another embodiment, the holder  1080  may be a separate component that is not included in the first lens unit. 
     The liquid lens  1050  may be disposed between the lens of the second lens unit  1112  and the lens of the third lens unit  1113 , and may be spaced apart from the lens of the second lens unit  1112  and the lens of the third lens unit  1113  in the optical-axis direction. 
     The liquid lens  1050  may include a liquid lens region, which contains different types of liquids, a first electrode  1051 , and a second electrode  1052 . The first electrode  1051  may alternatively be referred to as an “upper electrode”, and the second electrode  1052  may alternatively be referred to as a “lower electrode”. 
     The liquid lens region may contain a first liquid that is conductive and a second liquid that is non-conductive, and an interface may be formed between the first liquid and the second liquid. 
     The liquid lens  1050  may include at least one heater, which generates heat in response to a drive signal (or a control signal). The heater may be implemented in the form of a resistor capable of generating heat in response to a drive signal (or a control signal), but the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     The first electrode  1051  may be disposed on a first surface (e.g. an upper surface) of the liquid lens  1050 , and the second electrode  1052  may be disposed on a second surface (e.g. a lower surface) of the liquid lens  1050  that is opposite the first surface thereof. For example, the first electrode  1051  and the second electrode  1052  may be provided separately from each other, or may be independent electrodes. 
     The first electrode  1051  may include a plurality of first electrodes  1051 - 1  to  1051 - n  (where “n” is a natural number greater than 1 (n&gt;1), for example, n=10), which are spaced apart from each other. In an example, the first electrode  1051  may include 1-1 st  to 1-10 th  electrodes  1051 - 1  to  1051 - 10 . 
     In an example, the plurality of first electrodes  1051  to  1054  may be individual terminals or individual electrodes, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, at least two of the plurality of first electrodes may be connected to each other to constitute a common electrode. 
     The plurality of first electrodes  1051 - 1  to  1051 - 10  may be disposed near the liquid lens region. A drive signal for deforming the interface between the first liquid and the second liquid may be provided to the first electrode  1051  and the second electrode  1052 . 
     Each of the plurality of first electrodes  1051 - 1  to  1051 - 10  may be exposed from the first surface (e.g. the upper surface) of the liquid lens  1050 . In an example, each of the plurality of first electrodes  1051 - 1  to  1051 - 10  may include a portion that is exposed from the first surface (e.g. the upper surface) of the liquid lens  1050 . 
     In an example, each of the plurality of first electrodes  1051 - 1  to  1051 - 10  may be formed so as to be spaced apart from the outer surface of the liquid lens  1050 . 
     In an example, the tipper surface of each of the plurality of first electrodes  1051 - 1  to  1051 - 10  and the upper surface of the liquid lens  1050  may have a height difference with respect to each other in the optical-axis direction, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In an example, the height of the upper surface of each of the plurality of first electrodes  1051 - 1  to  1051 - 10  may be lower than the height of the upper surface of the liquid lens  1050 . 
     In an example, the first electrodes  1051 - 1  to  1051 - 10  may be electrically or physically separated from each other. A separate drive signal may be provided to each of at least two of the first electrodes  1051 - 1  to  1051 - 10 . 
     In an example, a first drive signal (or a first control signal) may be applied across the 1-1 st  electrode  1051 - 1  and the common electrode. A second drive signal (or a second control signal) may be applied across the 1-2 nd  electrode  1051 - 2  and the common electrode. A third drive signal (or a third control signal) may be applied across the 1-3 rd  electrode  1051 - 3  and the common electrode. A fourth drive signal (or a fourth control signal) may be applied across the 1-4 th  electrode  1051 - 4  and the common electrode. In an example, the common electrode may be the second electrode  1052 . 
     In an example, each of the first to fourth drive signals may take the form of voltage or current. In this case, each of the 1-1 st  to 1-4 th  electrodes  1051 - 1  to  1051 - 4  may correspond to a separate positive (+) electrode for controlling the liquid lens  1050 , and the second electrode  1052  may be a common negative (−) electrode for controlling the liquid lens. 
     In the liquid lens  1050 , the interface formed between the first liquid (e.g. the conductive liquid) and the second liquid (e.g. the non-conductive liquid) may be deformed in response to the first to fourth drive signals, and the focal length of the liquid lens  1050  may be controlled by the deformed interface. In this way, at least one of the AF function or the OIS function may be performed with respect to the lens assembly  1120 . 
     Although the 1-1 st  to 1-4 th  electrodes  1051 - 1  to  1051 - 4  are illustrated in  FIG.  21    as being disposed in a row on one side of the liquid lens  1050 , the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, each of the 1-1 st  to 1-4 th  electrodes may be disposed on a corresponding one of the four corner regions of the first surface (e.g. the upper surface) of the liquid lens  1050 . 
     The second electrode  1052  may include at least one electrode. 
     In an example, the second electrode  1052  may include a plurality of second electrodes  1052 - 1  to  1052 - 4 . In an example, the second electrode  1052  may include 2-1 st  to 2-4 th  electrodes  1052 - 1  to  1052 - 4 . However, the number of second electrodes is not limited to four. In another embodiment, the number of second electrodes may be one or two or more. 
     The 2-1 st  to 2-4 th  electrodes  1052 - 1  to  1052 - 4  may be exposed to the second surface of the liquid lens  1050 . In an example, each of the 2-1 st  to 2-4 th  electrodes  1052 - 1  to  1052 - 4  may include a portion that is exposed to the second surface of the liquid lens  1050 . Here, the second surface of the liquid lens  1050  may be the surface opposite the first surface of the liquid lens  1050 . 
     The 2-1 st  to 2-4 th  electrodes  1052 - 1  to  1052 - 4  may be formed or disposed on four corners of the second surface (e.g. the lower surface) of the liquid lens  1050 , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the second electrode may be disposed on the side of the second surface of the liquid lens. 
     In an example, any one of the 2-1 st  to 2-4 th  electrodes  1051 - 1  to  1051 - 4  (e.g. the 2-1 st  electrode  52 - 1 ) may be a common electrode, for example, a common negative (−) electrode, with respect to the 1-1 st  to 1-4 th  electrodes  1051 - 1  to  1051 - 4  for controlling the liquid lens. In an example, a ground voltage may be provided to the common electrode (e.g.  1052 - 1 ), but the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     In an example, the 2-1 st  to 2-4 th  electrodes  1051 - 1  to  1051 - 4  may form one and the same common electrode (e.g. the first electrode), but the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     In another embodiment, another one of the 2-1 st  to 2-4 th  electrodes  1051 - 1  to  1051 - 4  may be an individual electrode, an individual terminal, or a second common electrode, which is independent of the common electrode. In an example, the common electrode and the second common electrode may be electrically and physically separated or isolated from each other, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the common electrode and the second common electrode may be connected to each other or may be integrally formed with each other. 
     In an embodiment, epoxy may be applied through separation spaces between the liquid lens  1050  and the solid lenses of the second and third lens units  1112  and  1113 , and active alignment of the liquid lens  1050  may be performed. 
     In another embodiment, the functions or roles of the first electrode  1051  and the second electrode  1052  of the liquid lens  50  may be inverted. That is, for example, the second electrodes may be individual terminals that play the role of the above-described first electrodes. 
     The first electrode  1051  and the second electrode  1052  may be formed of a conductive material, for example, a conductive metal, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     The holder  1080  accommodates or supports the liquid lens  1050  and the terminal units  1040 ,  1060 , and  1070 . 
     The holder  1080  nay have a hole  1081 A formed therein to accommodate the liquid lens  1050 . In an example, the hole  1081 A may be formed through the holder  1080  in the optical-axis direction. The liquid lens  1050  may be disposed or seated in the hole  1081 A in the holder  1080 . 
     The holder  1080  may have a shape that enables the same to be mounted on the first barrel portion  1110 A of the lens barrel  1110 . 
     The terminal units  1040 ,  1060 , and  1070  may be disposed on the holder  1080 . 
     The terminal units  1040 ,  1060 , and  1070  may be conductively connected to the liquid lens  1050 , and may be conductively connected to the conductive member  1090 . 
     In an example, the terminal units  1040 ,  1060 , and  1070  may conductively connect the electrodes  1051  and  1052  of the liquid lens  1050  to conductive portions  1091 - 1  to  1091 - 5  of the conductive member  1090  using conductive adhesive members  68 A and  68 B. 
     For example, the conductive adhesive member may be solder or a conductive adhesive (e.g. conductive epoxy), or may include at least one of solder or a conductive adhesive (e.g. conductive epoxy). 
     The terminal units  1040 ,  1060 , and  1070  may include a first terminal unit  1040 , which is disposed on the holder  1080 , and second terminal units  1060  and  1070 , which connect the electrodes  1051  and  1052  of the liquid lens  1050  to the first terminal unit  1040 . 
     The first terminal unit  1040  may include a 1-1 st  terminal unit, which is connected to the first electrode  1051  of the liquid lens  1050 , and a 1-2 nd  terminal unit, which is connected to the second electrode  1052  of the liquid lens  1050 . 
       FIG.  7 A  illustrates an embodiment of the 1-1 st  terminal unit. 
     Referring to  FIG.  7 A , the 1-1 st  terminal unit may be disposed on the upper portion, the upper end, or the upper surface of the holder  1080 , and may extend from the upper portion, the upper end, or the upper surface of the holder  1080  toward the conductive portion of the conductive member  1090 . 
     The 1-1 st  terminal unit may include at least one 1-1 st  terminal. In an example, the 1-1 st  terminal unit may include a plurality of 1-1 st  terminals  1004 A to  1004 F. 
     In an example, the 1-1 st  terminal unit may include a first portion  1053   a , which is disposed on the upper portion, the upper end, or the upper surface of the holder  1080 , a second portion  1053   b , which is connected or coupled to the conductive portions  1091 - 1  to  1091 - 4  of the conductive member  1090 , and a third portion  1053   c , which interconnects the first portion  1053   a  and the second portion. 
     The second portion  1053   b  of the 1-1 st  terminal unit may project from the side surfaces  1080 A and  1080 B of the holder  1080 , and may be coupled to the conductive portions  1091 - 1  to  1091 - 4  by means of the conductive adhesive  1068 B. 
     The first portion  1053   a  of the 1-1 st  terminal unit may be disposed on the upper surface  1008   a  of the holder  1080 , the third portion  1053   c  thereof may be disposed on the side surfaces  1080 A and  1080 B of the holder  1080 , one end of the third portion  1053   c  may be connected to one end of the first portion  1053   a , and the other end of the third portion  1053   c  may be connected to one end of the second portion  1053   b.    
     The 1-1 st  terminal unit may include a first bent portion  1053   d , and the first bent portion  1053   d  may connect one end of the first portion  1053   a  to one end of the third portion  1053   c , and may be bent from the upper surface  1008   a  of the holder  1080  toward the side surfaces  1080 A and  1080 B of the holder  1080 . 
     The 1-1 st  terminal unit may further include a second bent portion  1053   e . The second bent portion  1053   e  may connect the other end of the third portion  1053   c  to one end of the second portion  1053   b , and may be bent from the side surfaces  1080 A and  1080 B of the holder  1080  in the outward direction of the holder  1080 . 
     In an example, the third portion  1053   c  may form a right angle with the first portion  1053   a  and the second portion  1053   b , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     In an example, at least one (e.g.  1004 A to  1004 D) of the 1-1 st  terminals  1004 A to  1004 F may include at least one of the first to third portions  1053   a  to  1053   c  and the first and second bent portions  53   d  and  53   e.    
     The 1-1 st  terminals  1004 A to  1004 F may be disposed on two side surfaces  1080 A and  1080 B of the holder  1080 , which are located opposite each other. In an example, four 1-1 st  terminals  1004 A,  1004 D,  1004 E, and  1004 F may be disposed on four corners of the upper portion of the holder  1080 , and two 1-1 st  terminals  1004 B and  1004 C may be disposed between two 1-1 st  terminals  1004 A and  1004 D disposed on two corners of the holder  1080 . 
     For example, the shape of the first portion  1053   a  may be a shape that is bent once, for example, a “¬” shape, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     At least one of the 1-1 st  terminals  1004 A to  1004 F may include at least one extension portion  1053 - 1 , which is bent and extends from the first portion  1053   a . Although the 1-1 st  terminal unit is illustrated in  FIG.  24 A  as including one extension portion  1053 - 1 , the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, two or more extension portions may be provided. 
     The at least one extension portion  1053 - 1  may be located in the holder  1080 , and may be enveloped by the holder  1080 . In an example, the extension portion  1053 - 1  may not be exposed outside the holder  1080 , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, at least part of the extension portion  1053 - 1  may be exposed outside the holder  1080 . 
     The first portion  1053   a  may have a recess  1053 A formed in one side surface thereof which is adjacent to the extension portion  1053 - 1 , in order to facilitate bending of the extension portion  1053 - 1 . In an example, the recess  1053 A may be formed adjacent to each of both sides of the extension portion  1053 - 1 . 
     The upper surface of the first portion  1053   a  of the 1-1 st  terminal unit may be exposed from the upper surface of the holder  1080 , the third portion  1053   c  and the first and second bent portions  1053   d  and  1053   e  may be exposed from the first and second side surfaces  1080 A and  1080 B of the holder  1080 , and the second portion  1053   b  may project from the first side surface  1080 A or the second side surface  1080 B of the holder  1080 . 
     The second portion  1053   b  of the 1-1 st  terminal unit may have a recess  1053 B or a hole formed therein. 
     The recess  1053 B may be formed in the side surface of the second portion  1053   b  of the 1-1 st  terminal unit. The recess  1053 B in the second portion  1053   b  may be a region in which the conductive adhesive member  1068 B is disposed or applied in order to be coupled to the conductive member  1090 . 
     The recess  1053 B may take a form depressed into the side surface of the second portion  1053   b . In an example, the shape of the recess  1053 B viewed from above may be a semicircular shape, a semi-elliptical shape, or a polygonal shape, such as a triangular shape, a quadrangular shape, or a cross shape. 
     In another embodiment, in place of the recess  1053 B, a through-hole may be formed in the second portion  1053   b  of the 1-1 st  terminal unit. 
       FIG.  24 B  illustrates an embodiment of the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G. 
     Referring to  FIG.  24 B , the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G may include a first portion  1054   a  (or a first coupling portion), which is exposed downwards from the holder  1080 , a second portion  1054   b  (or a second coupling portion), which projects from the side surface  1080 B of the holder  1080 , and a third portion  1054   c , which interconnects the first portion  1054   a  and the second portion  1054   b.    
     In an example, the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G may include a first portion  1054   a , which is connected or coupled to the third terminal unit  1070 , a second portion  1054   b , which is connected or coupled to the conductive portion  92 - 5  of the conductive member  1090 , and a third portion  1054   c , which interconnects the first portion  1054   a  and the second portion  1054   b.    
     In addition, in an example, the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G may include a first bent portion  1054   d , and the first bent portion  1054   d  may connect one end of the first portion  1053   a  to one end of the third portion  1053   c , and may be bent from one end of the first portion  1054   a  toward the upper surface  1008   a  of the holder  1080 . 
     The 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G may further include a second bent portion  1054   e . The second bent portion  1054   e  may connect the other end of the third portion  1054   c  to one end of the second portion  1054   b , and may be bent from the side surface  1080 B of the holder  1080  in the outward direction of the holder  1080 . 
     The 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G may include an extension portion  1054   b   1 , which is connected to one end of the third portion  1054   c  and projects or extends from the side surface of the holder  1080 . In an example, the length by which the extension portion  1054   b   1  extends may be shorter than the length by which the second portion  1054   b  projects or extends from the side surface  1080 B of the holder  1080 . 
     The first portion  1054   a  of the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G may be disposed below the upper surface  1008   a  of the holder  1080 . The second portion  1054   b  may project from the side surface  1080 B of the holder  1080 . At least part of the third portion  1054   c  may be disposed on the upper surface  1008   a  and the side surface  1080 B of the holder  1080 . 
     The holder  1080  may have a hole  1025 B formed therein to expose at least a portion of the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G downwards from the holder  1080 . 
     In an example, the holder  1080  may have therein a hole  1025 B formed between the opening  81 A and the side surface  1080 B of the holder  1080 . 
     The hole  1025 B may be formed through the holder  1080  in the optical-axis direction, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the holder may have a recess depressed into the lower surface thereof to expose the lower surface of the first portion  1054   a  of the 2-1 st  terminal  1004 G. 
     The second portion  1054   b  of the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G may have a recess  1054 B or a hole formed therein. 
     The recess  1054 B may be formed in the side surface of the second portion  1054   b  of the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G. The recess  1054 B in the second portion  1054   b  may be a region in which the conductive adhesive member  1068 B is disposed or applied in order to be coupled to the conductive member  1090 . 
     The recess  1054 B may take a form depressed into the side surface of the second portion  1054   b  of the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G. In an example, the shape of the recess  1054 B viewed from above may be a semicircular shape, a semi-elliptical shape, or a polygonal shape, such as a triangular shape, a quadrangular shape, or a cross shape. 
     In another embodiment, in place of the recess  1054 B, a through-hole may be formed in the second portion  1054   b  of the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G. 
     In an example, the first portion  1054   a  of the 2-1 st  terminal  1004 G may be located at a lower position than the first portion  1053   a  of each of the 1-1 st  terminals  1004 A to  1004 F of the 1-1 st  terminal unit, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the former may be disposed at the same height as the latter. 
     The third portion  1054   c  of the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G may include a first region  1003 A, which is connected to the first portion  1054   a  and extends in the upward direction, a second region  1003 B, which is connected to the second portion  1054   b  and extends in the upward direction, and a third region  1003 C, which interconnects the first region  1003 A and the second region  1003 B. 
     In an example, the first region  1003 A may be disposed in the hole  1025 B, the second region  4 B may be disposed on the side surface  1080 B of the holder  1080 , and the third region  1003 C may be disposed on the upper surface  1008   a  of the holder  1080 , which is adjacent to the side surface  1080 B of the holder  1080 . 
     In an example, the first region  1003 A and the second region  1003 B may have a linear shape, and the third region  1003 C may have a curved or bent shape that is convex upwards, for example, a, “η∩” shape, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the third region may have a linear shape. 
     In an example, the portion of the first region  1003 A that is connected to the first portion  1054   a  may have a bent or curved shape, and the portion of the second region  1003 B that is connected to the second portion  1054   b  may have a bent or curved shape. 
     In an example, at least part of the first portion  1054   a  of the 1-2 nd  terminal unit may overlap a portion of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  in the optical-axis direction. 
     In an example, the 1-2 nd  terminal unit may be disposed on the side surface  1080 B of the holder  1080 , and may be disposed between two 1-1 st  terminals  1004 E and  1004 F. 
     The first terminal unit  1040  may have a structure in which a separate terminal or conductor is coupled or bonded to the holder  1080 , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the first terminal unit  1040  and the holder  1080  may be integrally formed with each other through insert injection molding. 
     The second terminal units  1060  and  1070  may include at least one terminal connecting the first terminal unit  1040  to the conductive member  1090 . 
     In an example, the second terminal units  1060  and  1070  may include a 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060 , which connects the 1-1 st  terminal unit to the conductive portions  1090 - 1  to  1090 - 4 , and a 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070 , which connects the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G to the conductive portion  1090 - 5 . 
     In an example, the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060  may include a plurality of 2-1 st  terminals  1061  to  1066 , which are spaced apart from each other. In an example, the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060  may include six terminals  1061  to  1066  spaced apart from each other. 
     The 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may include at least one 2-2 nd  terminal. In an example, the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may include one 2-2 nd  terminal, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the 2-2 nd  terminal unit may include two or more 2-2 nd  terminals. 
     At least a portion of the second terminal units  1060  and  1070  may be disposed on the first terminal units  1004 A to  1004 G. 
     At least a portion of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060  may be disposed on the 1-1 st  terminal units  1004 A to  1004 F. In an example, at least a portion of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060  may be disposed on the first portions  1053   a  of the 1-1 st  terminal units  1004 A to  1004 F. In an example, at least a portion of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060  and the first portions  1053   a  of the 1-1 st  terminal units  1004 A to  1004 F may overlap each other in the optical-axis direction. 
     A conductive adhesive member  1068 A may be disposed between at least a portion of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060  and the first portion  1053   a  of each of the 1-1 st  terminal units  1004 A to  1004 F to directly couple and conductively connect the two components to each other. 
     At least a portion of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may be disposed below the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G. In an example, at least a portion of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may be disposed below the first portion  1054   a  of the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G. In an example, at least a portion of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may overlap the first portion  1054   a  of the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G in the optical-axis direction. 
     A conductive adhesive member  1068 B may be disposed between at least a portion of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  and the first portion  1054   a  of the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G to directly couple and conductively connect the two components to each other. 
     In an example, each of the 2-1 st  terminals  1061  to  1066  may be coupled to a corresponding one of the first electrodes  1051 - 1  to  1051 - 4 ,  1051 - 6 , and  1051 - 10  of the liquid lens  1050 . 
     In an example, the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may be coupled to any one of the second electrodes  1052 - 1  to  1052 - 4 . 
     Referring to  FIG.  25 A , the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060  may include a first portion  1060 - 1  coupled to the first electrode  1051 , a second portion  1060 - 2  coupled to the first portion  1053   a  of the first terminal unit  1040  disposed on the holder  1080 , and a third portion  1060 - 3  interconnecting the first portion  1060 - 1  and the second portion  1060 - 2 . 
     The first portion  1060 - 1  may be conductively connected to the first electrode  1051 . In an example, the first portion  1060 - 1  may be directly coupled or connected to the first electrode  1051  by means of a conductive adhesive  1068 - 1  (refer to  FIG.  33 A ), such as conductive epoxy or Ag epoxy. 
     The third portion  1060 - 3  may alternatively be referred to as a “connection portion”. Although  FIG.  25 A  illustrates only the first portion  1060 - 1 , the second portion  1060 - 2 , and the third portion  1060 - 3  of the 2-1 st  terminal  61  of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060 , the description of the first to third portions  60 - 1 ,  60 - 2 , and  60 - 3  of the first terminal  1061  may also apply to the other terminals  1062  to  1066  of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060 . 
     In addition, in an example, the second portion  1060 - 2  of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060  may include a portion projecting from the side surfaces  1080 A and  1080 B of the holder  1080 . 
     In an example, the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060  may include a protruding portion  121 A (refer to  FIG.  28   ), which extends from one side surface (or side wall) of the second portion  1060 - 2  and projects from the side surfaces  1080 A and  1080 B of the holder  1080 . 
     The first portion  1060 - 1  of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060  may overlap the first portions  1053   a  of the 1-1 st  terminals  1004 A to  1004 F of the 1-1 st  terminal unit in the direction of the optical axis OA. 
     Referring to  FIG.  28   , one end of the third portion  1060 - 3  may be connected or coupled to part of the first portion  1060 - 1 . 
     In an example, one end of the third portion  1060 - 3  may be connected or coupled to any one corner or any one edge of the first portion  1060 - 1 . 
     In an example, one end of the third portion  1060 - 3  may be connected or coupled to any one of the corners (or the edges) of the first portion  1060 - 1  that are adjacent to or face the third portion  1060 - 3  (or the second portion  1060 - 2 ). 
     Although one end of the third portion  1060 - 3  is illustrated in  FIG.  28    as being connected or coupled to the right corner of the first portion  1060 - 1  when viewed in the direction from the third portion (or the second portion) toward the first portion  1060 - 1 , the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, one end of the third portion  1060 - 3  may be connected or coupled to the left corner (or the left edge) of the first portion  1060 - 1 . 
     In still another embodiment, one end of the third portion  1060 - 3  may be connected or coupled to any one outer surface or any one outer side of the first portion  1060 - 1  that is adjacent to or faces the third portion  1060 - 3  (or the second portion  1060 - 2 ), and may be spaced apart from the corners of the first portion  1060 - 1 . 
     In an example, the other end of the third portion  1060 - 3  may be connected or coupled to part of the second portion  1060 - 2 . 
     In an example, referring to  FIG.  28   , one end of the third portion  1060 - 3  and the other end of the third portion  1060 - 3  may be located opposite each other with respect to a reference line  1402 . The reference line  1402  may be a straight line that passes through the center  1401  of the first portion  1060 - 1  and is parallel to the direction from the first portion  1060 - 1  toward the second portion  1060 - 2  or to the lengthwise direction of the first portion  1060 - 1 . 
     The width DW1 of the third portion  1060 - 3  of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060  is less than the length DL1 of the third portion  1060 - 3  of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060  (DW1&lt;DL1). In this case, the length DL1 of the third portion  1060 - 3  may be the length in the direction in which the third portion  1060 - 3  extends from one end of the third portion  1060 - 3 , which is connected to the first portion  1060 - 1 , to the other end of the third portion  1060 - 3 , which is connected to the second portion  1060 - 2 . In addition, the width DW1 of the third portion  1060 - 3  may be the length of the third portion  1060 - 3  in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the third portion  1060 - 3  extends. 
     The third portion  1060 - 3  may include at least one curved portion or bent portion. 
     The third portion  1060 - 3  may take the form of a leg, and may have the shape of a line that is bent or curved at least once. 
     The width DW1 of the third portion  1060 - 3  may be smaller than the width of the first portion  1060 - 1 . 
     In an example, the width of the first portion  1060 - 1  may be the length DL11 of the first portion  1060 - 1  in the lengthwise direction or the length DL12 of the first portion  1060 - 1  in the crosswise direction. 
     Alternatively, in another example, the width of the first portion  1060 - 1  may be the diameter (e.g. the minimum diameter) of the first portion  1060 - 1 . 
     In this case, the diameter of the first portion  1060 - 1  may be the length of a straight line that passes through two opposite points on the outer circumferential surface of the first portion  1060 - 1  and the center of the first portion  1060 - 1 . Alternatively, in another example, the diameter of the first portion  1060 - 1  may be the length DL11 of the first portion  1060 - 1  in the lengthwise direction or the length DL12 thereof in the crosswise direction. In an example, the minimum diameter may be the smallest diameter, among the diameters of the first portion  1060 - 1 . 
     In an example, the width DW1 of the third portion  1060 - 3  may be less than the length DL11 (or the minimum length) of the first portion  1060 - 1  in the first horizontal direction (or the lengthwise direction) (DW1&lt;DL11). 
     In an example, the width DW1 of the third portion  1060 - 3  may be less than the length DL12 (or the minimum length) of the first portion  1060 - 1  in the second horizontal direction (or the crosswise direction) (DW1&lt;DL12). 
     In an example, the area of the upper surface (or the lower surface) of the third portion  1060 - 3  may be smaller than the area of the upper surface or the lower surface of the first portion  1060 - 1 . 
     In addition, the width DW1 of the third portion  1060 - 3  may be smaller than the width of the second portion  1060 - 2 . 
     For example, the width of the second portion  1060 - 2  may be the length DL2 of the second portion  1060 - 2  in the lengthwise direction or the length DL3 of the second portion  1060 - 2  in the crosswise direction. 
     Alternatively, in another example, the width of the second portion  1060 - 2  may be the diameter (e.g. the minimum diameter) of the second portion  1060 - 2 . In this case, the diameter of the second portion  1060 - 2  may be the length of a straight line that passes through two opposite points on the outer circumferential surface of the second portion  1060 - 2  and the center of the second portion  1060 - 2 . In an example, the minimum diameter may be the smallest diameter, among the diameters of the second portion  1060 - 2 . 
     In an example, the width DW1 of the third portion  1060 - 3  may be less than the length DL2 (or the minimum length) of the second portion  1060 - 2  in the first horizontal direction (or the lengthwise direction) (DW1&lt;DL2). 
     In an example, the width DW1 of the third portion  1060 - 3  may be less than the length DL3 (or the minimum length) of the second portion  1060 - 2  in the second horizontal direction (or the crosswise direction) (DW1&lt;DL3). 
     In an example, the area of the upper surface (or the lower surface) of the third portion  1060 - 3  may be smaller than the area of the upper surface or the lower surface of the second portion  1060 - 2 . 
     The first portion  1060 - 1  of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060  may include a 1-1 st  portion, which overlaps the first electrode  1051  of the liquid lens  1050  in the optical-axis direction, and a 1-2 nd  portion, which does not overlap the first electrode  1051  in the optical-axis direction. In this case, the area of the upper surface (or the lower surface) of the 1-2 nd  portion may be smaller than the area of the upper surface (or the lower surface) of the 1-1 st  portion. In another embodiment, the first portion of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060  may not include the 1-2 nd  portion. 
     In an example, the width DW1 of the third portion  1060 - 3  may be smaller than the width of the 1-1 st  portion of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060 . In addition, in an example, the width DW1 of the third portion  1060 - 3  may be less than the length (or the minimum length) of the 1-1 st  portion in the first horizontal direction (or the lengthwise direction). In addition, in an example, the width DW1 of the third portion  1060 - 3  may be less than the length (or the minimum length) of the 1-1 st  portion in the second horizontal direction (or the crosswise direction). 
     Since the width DW1 of the third portion  1060 - 3  of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060  is less than the width of the first portion  1060 - 1 , the length DL11 of the first portion  1060 - 1  in the first horizontal direction, and the length DL12 of the first portion  1060 - 1  in the second horizontal direction, it is possible to reduce the stiffness of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060 , thereby preventing electrical reliability from being deteriorated by thermal expansion or contraction of the conductive adhesive member  1068  (e.g. Ag epoxy). 
     Referring to  FIG.  26 B , the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may include a first portion  1070 - 1  coupled to the second electrode  1052 , a second portion  1070 - 2  disposed on the holder  1080 , and a third portion  1070 - 3  interconnecting the first portion  1070 - 1  and the second portion  1070 - 2 . The third portion  1070 - 3  may alternatively be referred to as a “connection portion”. 
     The first portion  1070 - 1  of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may be conductively connected to the second electrode  1052 . 
     In an example, the first portion  1070 - 1  may be coupled to the second electrode  1052  by means of a conductive adhesive. The conductive adhesive may be, for example, conductive epoxy or Ag epoxy, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     The first portion  1070 - 1  may have a hole (not shown) formed therein. The hole may be a through-hole formed through the first portion  1070 - 1 , and may expose a portion of the second electrode  1052 . The contact area between the conductive adhesive, the first portion  1070 - 1 , and the second electrode  1052  may be increased by the hole, whereby bonding strength may be increased and electrical reliability may be improved. 
     The shape of the hole viewed from above may be any of various shapes such as, for example, a polygonal shape, a circular shape, and a T-shape. Although not shown in  FIG.  25 A , a through-hole or a recess may also be formed in the first portion  1060 - 1  of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060 . 
     Although  FIG.  26 B  illustrates the case in which one 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  has the first portion  1070 - 1 , the second portion  1070 - 2 , and the third portion  1070 - 3 , the disclosure is not limited thereto. In the case in which the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  includes a plurality of 2-2 nd terminals, the description of the first to third portions  1070 - 1 ,  1070 - 2 , and  1070 - 3  of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may also apply to each of the plurality of 2-2 nd  terminals. 
     In addition, the second portion  1070 - 2  of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may include a region  70 D, which protrudes from the side surface (e.g.  80 B) of the holder  1080 . 
     The first portion  1070 - 1  of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may overlap the second electrode  1052  of the liquid lens  1050  in the direction of the optical axis OA. In an example, the first portion  1070 - 1  of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may overlap the 2-1 st  electrode  52 - 1  of the liquid lens  1050  in the direction of the optical axis OA. 
     The second portion  1070 - 2  of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may include a region (e.g.  1070 B, refer to  FIG.  29   ) that overlaps the first portion  1054   a  of the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G in the optical-axis direction. 
     The lower surface of the first portion  1054   a  of the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G, which is exposed from the holder  1080 , and one region of the second portion  1070 - 2  of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may be coupled or conductively connected to each other via a conductive adhesive (e.g. conductive epoxy or Ag epoxy). 
     The description made with reference to  FIG.  28    may also apply to the 2-1 st  terminals  1061  to  1066  in  FIG.  27   . 
     Referring to  FIG.  29   , the width DW2 of the third portion  1070 - 3  of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  is less than the length DL4 of the third portion  1070 - 3  of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  (DW2&lt;DL4). In this case, the length DL4 of the third portion  1070 - 3  may be the length in the direction in which the third portion  1070 - 3  extends from one end of the third portion  1070 - 3 , which is connected to the first portion  1070 - 1 , to the other end of the third portion  1070 - 3 , which is connected to the second portion  1070 - 2 . In addition, the width DW2 of the third portion  1070 - 3  may be the length of the third portion  1070 - 3  in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the third portion  1070 - 3  extends. 
     The third portion  1070 - 3  may include at least one curved portion or bent portion. 
     The third portion  1070 - 3  may take the form of a leg, and may have the shape of a line that is bent or curved at least once. 
     The width DW2 of the third portion  1070 - 3  may be smaller than the width of the first portion  1070 - 1 . The width of the first portion  1070 - 1  may be the length of the first portion  1070 - 1  in the crosswise direction or the lengthwise direction. 
     In an example, the width DW2 of the third portion  1070 - 3  may be less than the length DL21 (or the minimum length) of the first portion  1070 - 1  in the first horizontal direction (or the lengthwise direction) (DW1&lt;DL21). 
     In an example, the width DW2 of the third portion  1070 - 3  may be less than the length DL22 (or the minimum length) of the first portion  1070 - 1  in the second horizontal direction (or the crosswise direction) (DW1&lt;DL22). 
     In an example, the area of the upper surface (or the lower surface) of the third portion  1070 - 3  may be smaller than the area of the upper surface or the lower surface of the first portion  1070 - 1 . 
     In addition, the width DW2 of the third portion  1070 - 3  may be smaller than the width of the second portion  1070 - 2 . 
     The width of the second portion  1070 - 2  may be the length of the second portion  1070 - 2  in the crosswise direction or the lengthwise direction. 
     In an example, the width DW2 of the third portion  1070 - 3  may be less than the length DL5 (or the minimum length) of the second portion  1070 - 2  in the first horizontal direction (or the lengthwise direction) (DW2&lt;DL5). 
     In an example, the width DW2 of the third portion  1070 - 3  may be less than the length DL6 (or the minimum length) of the second portion  1070 - 2  in the second horizontal direction (or the crosswise direction) (DW2&lt;DL6). 
     In an example, the area of the upper surface (or the lower surface) of the third portion  1070 - 3  may be smaller than the area of the upper surface or the lower surface of the second portion  1070 - 2 . 
     The first portion  1070 - 1  of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may include a 1-3 rd  portion, which overlaps the second electrode  1052  of the liquid lens  1050  in the optical-axis direction, and a 1-4 th  portion, which does not overlap the second electrode  1052  in the optical-axis direction. In this case, the area of the upper surface (or the lower surface) of the 1-4 th  portion may be smaller than the area of the upper surface (or the lower surface) of the 1-3 rd  portion. In another embodiment, the first portion of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may not include the 1-4 th  portion. 
     In an example, the width DW2 of the third portion  1070 - 3  may be smaller than the width of the 1-3 rd  portion of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070 . In addition, in an example, the width DW2 of the third portion  1070 - 3  may be less than the length (or the minimum length) of the 1-3 rd portion in the first horizontal direction (or the lengthwise direction). In addition, in an example, the width DW2 of the third portion  1070 - 3  may be less than the length (or the minimum length) of the 1-3 rd  portion in the second horizontal direction (or the crosswise direction). 
     Since the width DW2 of the third portion  1070 - 3  of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  is less than the width of the first portion  1070 - 1 , the length DL21 of the first portion  1070 - 1  in the first horizontal direction, and the length DL22 of the first portion  1070 - 1  in the second horizontal direction, it is possible to reduce the stiffness of the terminal unit  1070 , thereby preventing electrical reliability from being deteriorated by thermal expansion or contraction of the conductive adhesive member  1068  (e.g. Ag epoxy). 
     In the terminal units  1040 ,  1060 , and  1070 , the term “terminal unit” may alternatively be referred to as a “lead unit”, a “connection terminal unit”, an “electrode unit”, or a “conductive unit”. 
     The first terminal unit  1040  may protrude from the side surfaces  1080 A and  1080 B of the holder  1080 . 
     In an example, one end  53   b  of each of the 1-1 st  to 1-4 th  terminals  1004 A to  1004 D may protrude from the first side surface  1080 A of the holder  1080 . In an example, one end of each of the 1-5 th  and 1-6 th  terminals  1004 E and  1004 F, one end of the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G, and one end of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may protrude from the second side surface  1080 B of the holder  1080 . In an example, the first side surface  1080 A and the second side surface  1080 B of the holder  1080  may be outer surfaces located opposite each other. 
     In an example, the length by which one end of each of the 1-5 th  and 1-6 th  terminals  1004 E and  1004 F protrudes may be shorter than the length by which one end  53   b  of each of the 1-1 st  to 1-4 th  terminals  1004 A to  1004 D protrudes. 
     In addition, in an example, the length by which one end of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  protrudes may be shorter than the length by which one end  53   b  of each of the 1-1 st  to 1-4 th  terminals  1004 A to  1004 D protrudes. 
     The terminal units  1040 ,  1060 , and  1070  may be spaced apart from the conductive member  1090 , and the terminal units  1040 ,  1060 , and  1070  and the conductive member  1090  may be directly and conductively connected to each other by means of the conductive adhesive member  1068 B. 
     One end of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060 , for example the first portion  1060 - 1 , may be coupled to the first electrode  1051  of the lens  1050  by means of the conductive adhesive member. 
     In addition, the other end of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060 , for example the second portion  1060 - 2 , may be coupled to the first portion  1053   a  of the 1-1 st  terminal unit  1040  by means of the conductive adhesive member  1068 A (refer to  FIG.  25 B ). 
     In addition, the second portions  1053   b  of the 1-1 st  terminals  1004 A to  1004 D of the 1-1 st  terminal unit may be coupled to the conductive portions  1091 - 1  to  1091 - 4  of the conductive member  1090  by means of the conductive adhesive member  1068 B. 
     In addition, one end of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070 , for example the first portion  1070 - 1 , may be coupled to the second electrode  1052  of the liquid lens  1050  by means of the conductive adhesive member. 
     In addition, the other end of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070 , for example the second portion  1070 - 2 , may be coupled to the first portion  1054   a  of the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G by means of the conductive adhesive member  1068 A. 
     In addition, the second portion  1054   b  of the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G may be coupled to the conductive portion (e.g.  91 - 5 ) of the conductive member  1090  by means of the conductive adhesive member  1068 B. 
     The second portions  1053   b  and  1054   b  of the first terminal unit  1040  may be spaced apart from the conductive member  1090 , and may overlap the conductive member  1090  in the vertical direction or the optical-axis direction. The conductive adhesive member  1068 B may be disposed between the second portions  1053   b  and  1054   b  of the first terminal unit  1040  and the conductive member  1090 . The vertical direction may be parallel to the optical-axis direction. 
     The 1-1 st  terminal unit may include at least one terminal disposed on a first side of the holder  1080 , and may include at least one terminal disposed on a second side of the holder  1080 . 
     In an example, the four 1-1 st  terminals  1004 A to  1004 D of the 1-1 st  terminal unit may be disposed on the first side of the holder  1080 , and the two 1-1 st  terminals  1004 E and  1004 F and the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G may be disposed on the second side of the holder  1080 , opposite the first side thereof. Here, the first side of the holder  1080  may be a region on the holder  1080  that is adjacent to the first side surface  1080 A of the holder  1080 , and the second side of the holder  1080  may be another region on the holder  1080  that is adjacent to the second side surface  1080 B of the holder  1080 . 
     The conductive member  1090  may include a plurality of conductive portions  1091 - 1  to  1091 - 5 . 
     In an example, the conductive member  1090  may include conductive portions  1091 - 1  to  1091 - 4  corresponding to the 1-1 st  terminals  1004 A to  1004 D of the 1-1 st  terminal unit and a conductive portion  1091 - 5  corresponding to the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G. 
     Each of the conductive portions  1091 - 1  to  1091 - 5  may be coupled and conductively connected to a corresponding one of the 1-1 st  terminals  1004 A to  1004 D and the 1-2 nd  terminal  1004 G by means of the conductive adhesive member  1068 B. 
     Referring to  FIG.  27   , in an example, each of the plurality of 2-1 st  terminals  1061  to  1066  of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060  may include a respective one of first portions  1002 A 1  to  1002 F  1  connected or coupled to the first electrode  1051 , a respective one of second portions  1002 A 2  to  1002 F 2 , each coupled to a corresponding one of the 1-1 st  terminal units, and a respective one of third portions  1002 A 3  to  1002 F 3  interconnecting the first portions  1002 A 1  to  1002 F 1  and the second portions  1002 A 2  to  1002 F 2 . 
     At least one of the second portions  1002 A 2  to  1002 F 2  of the 2-1 st  terminals  1061  to  1066  may have at least one hole (or recess)  1037  formed therein. 
     In an example, the hole (or the recess)  1037  may be formed through the second portions  1002 A 2  to  1002 F 2 , and the shape of the hole  1037  viewed from above may be a cross shape, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the shape of the hole may be a semicircular shape, a semi-elliptical shape, or a polygonal shape. 
     For example, the hole  1037  may be formed in the shape of a cross having different widths in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. 
     In an example, the cross-shaped hole  1037  may include four extension portions extending in four directions. In the cross-shaped hole  1037 , the width W32 (refer to  FIG.  20 A ) of the extension portions extending in the horizontal direction and the width DW31 (refer to  FIG.  30 A ) of the extension portions extending in the vertical direction may be different from each other. 
     In an example, the width W31 (refer to  FIG.  30 A ) of the extension portions extending in the vertical direction may be larger than the width W32 of the extension portions extending in the horizontal direction (W31&gt;W32). In another embodiment, the width of the extension portions extending in the vertical direction may be equal to or smaller than the width of the extension portions extending in the horizontal direction. 
     The conductive adhesive member  1068 A may be disposed or charged in the hole  1037 , and the contact area between the conductive adhesive member  1068 A, the 1-1 st  terminal unit, and the 2-1 st  terminal unit may be increased by the hole  1037 , whereby bonding strength may be increased and the reliability of conductive connection may be improved. 
     In addition, a portion of the hole (or the recess)  1037  may include at least one opening  1037 A that is open toward the side surfaces of the second portions  1002 A 2  to  1002 F 2 . In this case, the opening  1037 A may be open toward the second side surfaces of the second portions  1002 A 2  to  1002 F 2 , which are located opposite the first side surfaces of the second portions  1002 A 2  to  1002 F 2  that are connected to the third portions  1002 A 3  to  1002 F 3 . By virtue of the opening  1037 A, the conductive adhesive member  1068 A may be smoothly introduced into the gap between the 1-1 st  terminal unit and the 2-1 st  terminal unit, and thus the 1-1 st  terminal unit and the 2-1 st  terminal unit may be easily bonded to each other. 
     In addition, since the opening  1037 A is open toward the second side surfaces of the second portions  1002 A 2  to  1002 F 2 , it is possible to prevent the conductive adhesive member  1068 A from coming into contact with the second portions  1002 A 2  to  1002 F 2  of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060 . In addition, it is possible to prevent the conductive adhesive member  1068 A from flowing down into the bore in the holder  1080  or coming into contact with the liquid lens  1050 . As a result, it is possible to prevent the generation of foreign substances attributable to the conductive adhesive member and to prevent the liquid lens  1050  from being damaged or malfunctioning. 
     Furthermore, if the conductive adhesive member  1068 A comes into contact with the second portions  1002 A 2  to  1002 F 2  of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060 , it may not be possible to sufficiently reduce the stiffness of the above-described 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060 . 
     At least one of the second portions  1002 A 2  to  1002 F 2  of the 2-1 st  terminals  1061  to  1066  of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060  may include a portion  14 A extending toward a third side or a fourth side of the holder  1080 . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  26 B and  29   , in an example, the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may include a first portion  1070 - 1  connected or coupled to the second electrode  1052 , a second portion  1070 - 2  disposed on the holder  1080 , and a third portion  1070 - 3  interconnecting the first portion  1070 - 1  and the second portion  1070 - 2 . 
     In an example, the second portion  1070 - 2  may be disposed on the lower surface of the holder  1080 . 
     In an example, the second portion  1070 - 2  may include a first region  1070 A, which is connected to the third portion  1070 - 3 , a second region  1070 B, which is disposed below the first portion  1054   a  of the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G and is coupled to the first portion  1054   a  of the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G by means of the conductive adhesive member  1068 A, and a third region  1070 C, which interconnects the first region  1070 A and the second region  1070 B. 
     At least one hole (or recess)  1038  may be formed in the second region  1070 B. In an example, the hole (or the recess)  1038  may be formed through the second portion  1070 - 2 , and the shape of the hole  1038  viewed from above may be a cross shape, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the shape of the hole may be a semicircular shape, a semi-elliptical shape, or a polygonal shape. 
     The conductive adhesive member  1068 A may be disposed or charged in the hole  1038 , and the contact area between the conductive adhesive member  1068 A, the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G, and the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may be increased by the hole  1038 , whereby bonding strength may be increased and the reliability of conductive connection may be improved. 
     In addition, a portion of the hole  1038  may include at least one opening  1038 A that is open toward the side surface of the second portion  1070 - 2 . In this case, the opening  1038 A may be open toward the second side surface of the second portion  1070 - 2 , which is located opposite the first side surface of the second portion  1070 - 2  that is connected to the third portion  1070 - 3 . By virtue of the opening  1038 A, the conductive adhesive member  1068 A may be smoothly introduced into the gap between the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G and the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070 , and thus the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G and the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may be easily bonded to each other. 
     In addition, since the opening  1038 A is open toward the second side surface of the second portion  1070 - 2 , it is possible to prevent the conductive adhesive member  1068 A from coming into contact with the second portion  1070 - 2  of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070 . In addition, it is possible to prevent the conductive adhesive member  1068 A from flowing down into the bore in the holder  1080  or coming into contact with the liquid lens  1050 . As a result, it is possible to prevent the generation of foreign substances attributable to the conductive adhesive member and to prevent the liquid lens  1050  from being damaged or malfunctioning. 
     At least part of the first portion  1070 - 1  of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may overlap a corresponding one (e.g.  1052 - 1 ) of the second electrodes  1052 - 1  to  1052 - 4  of the liquid lens  1050  in the optical-axis direction. 
     In an example, at least one recess  1016 A 1  may be formed in the third region  1070 C of the second portion  1070 - 2 . In an example, the length of the third region  1070 C of the second portion  1070 - 2 , in which the recess  1016 A 1  is formed, in the first horizontal direction (or the lengthwise direction) may shorter than the length of the first region  1070 A in the second horizontal direction (or the crosswise direction) and/or the length of the second region  1070 B in the first horizontal direction (or the lengthwise direction). 
     The second portion  1070 - 2  of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may further include a fourth region  1070 D, which is connected to the third region  1070 C and protrudes or extends from the side surface  1080 B of the holder  1080 . 
     In addition, the second portion  1070 - 2  of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may include a fifth region  1070 E, which is connected to the second region  1070 B and extends toward a region on the lower surface of the holder  1080 , which is located on one side of the second region  1070 B. 
     The second portion  1070 - 2  of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may be coupled, fixed, or attached to the lower surface  1008   b  of the holder  1080  by means of an adhesive. The fifth region  70 E may have a hole  1036  formed therein. The hole  1036  may have a shape similar to the hole  1038 . The description of the hole  1038  may also apply to the hole  1036 . The hole  1036  may increase the contact area between the adhesive, the second portion  1070 - 2  of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070 , and the lower surface  1008   b  of the holder  1080 , thereby increasing the bonding strength between the holder  1080  and the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070 . 
     The length (or the minimum length) DL5 of each of the first region  1070 A and the second region  1070 B of the second portion  1070 - 2  in the first horizontal direction (or the lengthwise direction) may be longer than the length of the third region  1070 C in the first horizontal direction, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the former may be equal to the latter. 
     In still another embodiment, at least part of the second portion  1070 - 2  of the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070  may include a curved portion or a bent portion. 
     The holder  1080  may have an adhesive injection recess  1081  formed therein to receive an adhesive injected thereinto. The adhesive injection recess  1081  may be formed in the lower surface  1008   b  of the holder  1080 . In another embodiment, the adhesive injection recess may be formed in the upper surface of the holder  1080 . 
     The second lens unit  1112  may be disposed above the first lens unit  1130 , and may be a region into which light is introduced from outside the lens assembly  1120 . That is, the second lens unit  1112  may be disposed above the first lens unit  1130  in the lens barrel  1110 . 
     The second lens unit  1112  may be implemented using a single lens, or may be implemented using two or more lenses. In an example, the two or more lenses of the second lens unit  110  may be aligned along a center axis to form an optical system. 
     Here, the center axis may be an optical axis OA of the optical system, which is formed by at least one of the second lens unit  1112 , the first lens unit  1130 , or the third lens unit  1113  included in the camera module  1100 , or may be an axis parallel to the optical axis OA. 
     The optical axis OA may correspond to the center axis of the effective image area (or the active area) of the image sensor  1160 . That is, the second lens unit  1112 , the first lens unit  1130 , the third lens unit  1113 , and the image sensor  1160  may be disposed so as to be aligned along the optical axis OA through active alignment (AA). 
     Here, “active alignment” may mean an operation of aligning the optical axes of the first to third lens units  1111 ,  1112 , and  1130  with each other and adjusting an axis or distance relationship between the image sensor  1160  and the lens units  1111 ,  1112 , and  1130  in order to acquire an improved image. 
     In addition, each of the lenses included in the second lens unit  1112  may gradually increase in outer diameter in the downward direction (e.g. the −z-axis direction), but the embodiments are not limited thereto. 
     An exposure lens (not shown) may be provided in front of or on the front surface of the second lens unit  1112 . In this case, the exposure lens may protrude so as to be exposed outside the lens barrel  1110 . In order to protect the surface of the exposure lens, a cover glass or a coating layer may be provided in front of the exposure lens. 
     The third lens unit  1113  may be disposed below the first lens unit  1130  in the lens barrel  1110 . The third lens unit  1113  may be disposed so as to be spaced apart from the second lens unit  1112  in the optical-axis direction (e.g. the z-axis direction). 
     The light introduced into the second lens unit  1112  from outside the camera module  1100  may be introduced into the third lens unit  1113  through the first lens unit  1130 . The third lens unit  1113  may be implemented using a single lens, or may be implemented using two or more lenses that are aligned along the center axis to form an optical system. 
     Unlike the first lens unit  1130 , each of the second lens unit  1112  and the third lens unit  1113  may be a solid lens, and may be made of glass or plastic. However, the embodiments are not limited to any specific material of each of the second lens unit  1112  and the third lens unit  1113 . 
       FIG.  30 A  illustrates a second terminal unit  1330 - 1  according to another embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  30 A , the second terminal unit  1330 - 1  may include a first portion  1020 A coupled to the electrode  1051  or  1052  of the liquid lens  1050 , a second portion  1020 B coupled to the first terminal unit  1040 , and a third portion  1020 C interconnecting the first portion  1020 A and the second portion  1020 B. 
     The second portion  1020 B may be disposed on the holder  1080 . 
     The shape of the first portion  1020 A of the second terminal unit  1330 - 1  viewed from above may be a polygonal shape (e.g. a quadrangular shape, a rectangular shape, or a square shape), but the disclosure is not limited thereto. The shape of the first portion  1020 A of the second terminal unit  1330 - 1  viewed from above in  FIG.  20 A  may be a quadrangular shape (e.g. a rectangular shape) having curved or rounded corners. In still another embodiment, the shape of the first portion  1020 A of the terminal unit viewed from above may be an elliptical or circular shape. 
     In  FIGS.  27  and  29   , the widths DW1 and DW2 of the third portions  1060 - 3  and  1070 - 3  of the second terminal units  1060  and  1070  may be constant from one ends of the third portions  1060 - 3  and  1070 - 3  to the other ends of the third portions  1060 - 3  and  1070 - 3 , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     As shown in  FIG.  30 A , the width of part of the third portion  1020 C of the second terminal unit  1330 - 1  may be different from the width of another part of the third portion  1020 C of the second terminal unit  1330 - 1 . 
     In an example, the width DW11 of one end of the third portion  1020 C, which is connected to the first portion  1020 A, may be smaller than the width DW12 of the other end of the third portion  1020 C, which is connected to the second portion  1020 B. Alternatively, in another embodiment, the width of one end of the third portion  1020 C, which is connected to the first portion  1020 A, may be larger than the width of the other end of the third portion  1020 C, which is connected to the second portion  1020 B. The description of the second terminal unit in  FIG.  30 A  may also apply to at least one of the 2-1 st  terminal unit  1060  or the 2-2 nd  terminal unit  1070 . 
     In addition, part of the third portion  1020 C may be disposed on the holder  1080 . In an example, one end of the third portion  1020 C, which is connected to the second portion  1020 B, and a region adjacent thereto may be disposed on the holder  1080 . 
     Referring to  FIG.  30 A , one end of the third portion  1020 C may be connected or coupled to the outer surface or the outer side of the first portion  1020 A, which is adjacent to and faces the third portion  1020 C (or the second portion  1020 B), and may be spaced apart from a corner (or an edge) of the first portion  1020 A. 
     In addition, the other end of the third portion  1020 C may be spaced apart from the corners (or the edges)  33 A and  33 B of the second portion  1020 B that are adjacent to and face the first portion  1020 A. 
     In an example, when viewed from above, one end of the third portion  1020 C may overlap the reference line  1402 . In addition, when viewed from above, the other end of the third portion  1020 C, which is connected or coupled to the second portion  1020 B, may be located on one side of the reference line  1402 , and may not overlap the reference line  1402 . Here, one side of the reference line  1402  may be the left side or the right side of the reference line  1402 . 
     In another embodiment, one end of the third portion  1020 C may be connected or coupled to any one of the corners (or the edges) of the first portion  1020 A that are adjacent to and face the third portion  1020 C (or the second portion  1020 B). 
     In still another embodiment, the other end of the third portion  1020 C may be connected or coupled to any one of the corners (or the edges)  1033 A and  1033 B of the second portion  1020 B that are adjacent to and face the first portion  1020 A (or the second portion  1020 B). 
       FIG.  30 B  illustrates a terminal unit  330 - 2  according to still another embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  30 B , the terminal unit  330 - 2  may include a first portion  1021 A 1  coupled to the electrode  1051  or  1052  of the liquid lens  1050 , a second portion  1021 B 1  disposed on the holder  1080  and coupled to the first terminal unit  1040 , and a third portion  1021 C 1  interconnecting the first portion  1021 A 1  and the second portion  1021 B 1 . 
     Referring to  FIG.  30 B , with regard to the shape of the first portion  1021 A 1  viewed from above, reference may be made to the description of the shapes of the first portions  1060 - 1 ,  1070 - 1 , and  1020 A shown in  FIGS.  27  to  29  and  30 A . 
     The third portion  1021 C 1  may include at least one linear portion and at least one curved portion or bent portion. 
     In an example, the third portion  1021 C 1  may include a first region S 1  connected to the first portion  1021 A 1 , a second region S 2  connected to the second portion  1021 B 1 , and a third region S 3  interconnecting the first region S 1  and the second region S 2 . 
     Each of the first region S 1  and the second region S 2  may include a curved or bent portion. The second region may take the form of a straight line or an oblique line, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     The third portion  1021 C 1  may be formed such that the width thereof gradually decreases and then increases in the direction from the first region S 1  toward the second region S 2 . In an example, the third portion  1021 C 1  may include a portion that gradually decreases and then increases in width in the direction from the first region S 1  toward the second region S 2 . 
     In an example, the third portion  1021 C 1  may include a 3-1 st  portion (e.g. S 1 ), which gradually decreases in width in the direction from the first region S 1  toward the second region S 2 , and a 3-2 nd  portion (e.g. S 2 ), which gradually increases in width in the direction from the first region S 1  toward the second region S 2 . In addition, the third portion  1021 C 1  may further include a 3-3 rd  portion (e.g. S 3 ), which is formed between the 3-1 st  portion (e.g. S 1 ) and the 3-2 nd  portion (e.g. S 2 ) and has a constant width. 
     In an example, the width of the first region S 1  may be larger than the width of the third region S 3 , and the width of the second region S 2  may be larger than the width of the third region S 3 . 
     In addition, part of the third portion  1021 C 1  may be disposed on the holder  1080 . In an example, one end of the third portion  21 C, which is connected to the second portion  1021 B 1 , and a region adjacent thereto may be disposed on the holder  1080 . 
     One end of the third portion  1021 C 1  may be connected or coupled to any one of two corners (or edges) of the first portion  1021 A 1  that are adjacent to and face the third portion  1021 C 1  (or the second portion  1021 B 1 ). 
     In another embodiment, one end of the third portion  1021 C 1  may be spaced apart from the two corners (or edges) of the first portion  1021 A 1 . 
     The other end of the third portion  1021 C 1  may be connected or coupled to part of the second portion  1021 B 1 . 
     The other end of the third portion  1021 C 1  may be connected or coupled to the side surface (or the side wall) of the second portion  1020 B that is adjacent to and faces the first portion  1021 A (or the second portion  1021 B). 
     In an example, the other end of the third portion  1021 C 1  may be spaced apart from the corners (or the edges)  1033 A and  1033 B of the second portion  1020 B that are adjacent to and face the first portion  1021 A (or the second portion  1021 B). 
     In another embodiment, the other end of the third portion  1021 C 1  may be connected or coupled to any one of the corners (or the edges)  1033 A and  1033 B of the second portion  1020 B. 
     In an example, one end of the third portion  1021 C 1  and the other end of the third portion  1021 C 1  may be located opposite each other with respect to the reference line  1402 . When viewed from above, one end of the third portion  1021 C 1  and the other end of the third portion  1021 C 1  may not overlap the reference line  1402 . 
       FIG.  30 C  illustrates a terminal unit  1330 - 3  according to still another embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  30 C , the terminal unit  1330 - 3  may include a first portion  1023 A 2  coupled to the electrode  1051  or  1052  of the liquid lens  1050 , a second portion  1023 B 2  disposed on the holder  1080  and coupled to the first terminal unit  1040 , and a third portion  1023 C 2  interconnecting the first portion  1023 A 2  and the second portion  1023 B 2 . 
     The first portion  1023 A 2  may include at least one curved, bent, or rounded portion. The third portion  1023 C 2  may include at least one curved, bent, or rounded portion. 
     The width DW13 of the first portion  1023 A 2  may be equal to the width DW14 of the third portion  1023 C 2 . 
     The first portion  1023 A 2  may include at least one linear portion  1006 A 1  and at least one bent portion  1006 A 2 . The at least one bent portion  1006 A 2  may be connected to one end of the third portion  1023 C 2 . 
     The at least one linear portion  1006 A 1  of the first portion  1023 A 2  may be parallel to the horizontal direction (e.g. the crosswise direction). Here, the horizontal direction may be a direction that is perpendicular to the direction from the first portion  1023 A 2  toward the second portion  1023 B 2 . 
     The third portion  1023 C 2  may include one or more linear portions  1007 A 1  and  1007 A 2  and one or more bent portions  1007 B 1  and  1007 B 2 . 
     The linear portions  1007 A 1  and  1007 A 2  of the third portion  1023 C 2  may be parallel to the horizontal direction (e.g. the crosswise direction). In an example, the third portion  1023 C 2  may include a plurality of linear portions  1007 A 1  and  1007 A 2 , which are spaced apart from each other, and a plurality of bent portions  1007 B 1  and  1007 B 2 , which are spaced apart from each other. 
     Each of the plurality of linear portions  1007 A 1  and  1007 A 2  may be parallel to the horizontal direction (e.g. the crosswise direction). One (e.g.  1007 A 2 ) of the linear portions  1007 A  1  and  1007 A 2  may be connected to one end (e.g.  1006 A 2 ) of the first portion  1023 A 2 . 
     In addition, the bent portion  1007 B 1  may connect one (e.g.  1007 A 1 ) of the linear portions  1007 A 1  and  1007 A 2  to the second portion  1023 B 2 . In addition, the bent portion  1007 B 2  may interconnect the two adjacent linear portions  1007 A 1  and  1007 A 2 . 
     In another embodiment, one of the bent portions of the third portion may be connected to one end of the first portion. In still another embodiment, one of the linear portions of the third portion may be connected to the second portion. 
     The width of the linear portion and the width of the bent portion may be equal to each other. In another embodiment, the width of the bent portion may be larger than the width of the linear portion. In still another embodiment, the width of the bent portion may be smaller than the width of the linear portion. 
       FIG.  30 D  illustrates a terminal unit  1330 - 4  according to still another embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  30 D , the terminal unit  1330 - 4  may include a first portion  1024 A 3  coupled to the electrode  1051  or  1052  of the liquid lens  1050 , a second portion  1024 B 3  disposed on the holder  1080  and coupled to the first terminal unit  1040 , and a third portion  1024 C 3  interconnecting the first portion  1024 A 3  and the second portion  1024 B 3 . 
     The first portion  1024 A 3  may include at least one curved, bent, or rounded portion. The third portion  1024 C 3  may include at least one curved, bent, or rounded portion. 
     The width DW15 of the first portion  1024 A 3  may be equal to the width DW15 of the third portion  1024 C 3 . 
     The first portion  1024 A 3  may include one or more linear portions  1077 A 1  and  1077 A 2  and at least one bent portion  1077 B. The at least one bent portion  1077 B may be connected to one end (e.g.  1004 A 1 ) of the third portion  1024 C 3 . 
     The one or more linear portions  1077 A 1  and  1077 A 2  of the first portion  1024 A 3  may be parallel to the vertical direction (e.g. the lengthwise direction). Here, the vertical direction may be a direction that is parallel to the direction from the first portion  1024 A 3  toward the second portion  1024 B 3 . For example, the vertical direction may be a direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction in  FIG.  30 C . 
     The third portion  1024 C 3  may include one or more linear portions  1004 A 1 ,  1004 A 2 , and  1004 A 3  and one or more bent portions  1004 B 1  and  1004 B 2 . 
     The linear portions  1004 A 1 ,  1004 A 2 , and  1004 A 3  of the third portion  1024 C 3  may be parallel to the vertical direction (e.g. the lengthwise direction). In an example, the third portion  1024 C 3  may include a plurality of linear portions  1004 A 1 ,  1004 A 2 , and  1004 A 3 , which are spaced apart from each other, and a plurality of bent portions  1004 B 1  and  1004 B 2 , which are spaced apart from each other. 
     Each of the plurality of linear portions  1004 A 1 ,  1004 A 2 , and  1004 A 3  may be parallel to the vertical direction. 
     In an example, one (e.g.  1004 A 1 ) of the linear portions  1004 A 1 ,  1004 A 2 , and  1004 A 3  may be connected to one end of the second portion  23 B 3 . 
     In an example, another one (e.g.  1004 A 2 ) of the linear portions  1004 A 1 ,  1004 A 2 , and  1004 A 3  may be connected to a corresponding one (e.g.  1077 A 2 ) of the linear portions  1077 A 1  and  1077 A 2  of the first portion  1024 A 3 . In addition, in an example, still another one (e.g.  1004 A 3 ) of the linear portions  1004 A 1 ,  1004 A 2 , and  1004 A 3  may be connected to a corresponding one (e.g.  10077 A 1 ) of the linear portions  1077 A 1  and  1077 A 2  of the first portion  1024 A 3 . 
     In addition, in an example, the bent portion  4 B 1  of the third portion  1024 C 3  may be connected to the bent portion  1077 B of the first portion  1024 A 3 . In addition, in an example, the bent portion  1004 B 2  of the third portion  1024 C 3  may interconnect the two adjacent linear portions  1004 A 2  and  1004 A 3  of the third portion  1024 C 3 . 
     The width of the linear portion of the first portion  1024 A 3  and the width of the bent portion thereof may be equal to each other. In another embodiment, the width of the bent portion of the first portion may be larger than the width of the linear portion thereof. In still another embodiment, the width of the bent portion of the first portion may be smaller than the width of the linear portion thereof. 
     In addition, the width of the linear portion of the third portion  1024 C 3  and the width of the bent portion thereof may be equal to each other. In another embodiment, the width of the bent portion of the third portion may be larger than the width of the linear portion thereof. In still another embodiment, the width of the bent portion of the third portion may be smaller than the width of the linear portion thereof. 
     The description of the holes  1037  and  1038  and the extension portion  1014 A in  FIGS.  27  to  29    may apply to the embodiments shown in  FIGS.  30 A to  30 D . 
     In general, a conductive adhesive member, for example Ag epoxy, may be used for conductive connection between a terminal unit and an electrode of a liquid lens. However, due to thermal expansion or contraction of the conductive adhesive member, the conductive connection between the terminal unit and the electrode of the liquid lens may be deteriorated, or may become defective. Thus, the reliability of the conductive connection between the two components may be reduced. In addition, due to thermal expansion or contraction of the conductive adhesive member (e.g. Ag epoxy), contact resistance between the conductive adhesive member and the terminal unit may vary, leading to deterioration in the reliability of the conductive connection between the two components. 
     According to the embodiments, since the third portions  1060 - 2  and  1070 - 2  of the second terminal units  1060  and  1070 , which are connected to the first portions  1060 - 1  and  1070 - 1  of the second terminal units  1060  and  1070 , take the form of a leg, it is possible to reduce the stiffness of the second terminal units, thereby preventing electrical reliability from being deteriorated by thermal expansion or contraction of the conductive adhesive member (e.g. Ag epoxy). To this end, according to the embodiments, the widths of the third portions  1060 - 2  and  1070 - 2  of the second terminal units  1060  and  1070  may be set to be less than the diameters of the first portions  1060 - 1  and  1070 - 1  of the second terminal units  1060  and  1070 . 
     In an example, in the second terminal units  1060  and  1070 , the thicknesses of the first portions  1060 - 1  and  1070 - 1 , the thicknesses of the second portions  1060 - 2  and  1070 - 2 , and the thicknesses of the third portions  1060 - 3  and  1070 - 3  may be equal to each other. In another embodiment, the thicknesses of the third portions  1060 - 3  and  1070 - 3  may be smaller than the thicknesses of the first portions  1060 - 1  and  1070 - 1  and the thicknesses of the second portions  1060 - 2  and  1070 - 2 . In still another embodiment, the thicknesses of the third portions  1060 - 3  and  1070 - 3  may be larger than the thicknesses of the first portions  1060 - 1  and  1070 - 1  and the thicknesses of the second portions  1060 - 2  and  1070 - 2 . 
     For example, the widths DW1 of the third portions  1060 - 3  and  1070 - 3  may be 1 to 3 times the thicknesses of the third portions  1060 - 3  and  1070 - 3 . For example, the widths DW1 of the third portions  1060 - 3  and  1070 - 3  may be 1.2 to 2 times the thicknesses of the third portions  1060 - 3  and  1070 - 3 . For example, the widths DW1 of the third portions  1060 - 3  and  1070 - 3  may be 1.25 to 1.5 times the thicknesses of the third portions  1060 - 3  and  1070 - 3 . 
     When the widths DW1 of the third portions  1060 - 3  and  1070 - 3  are less than the thicknesses of the third portions  1060 - 3  and  1070 - 3 , the third portions may be easily broken by an impact or the like, leading to electrical disconnection. Further, when the widths DW1 of the third portions  1060 - 3  and  1070 - 3  are more than 3 times the thicknesses of the third portions  1060 - 3  and  1070 - 3 , it may not be possible to sufficiently reduce the stiffness of the second terminal units  1060  and  1070 , thereby deteriorating the reliability of the conductive connection between the second terminal units  1060  and  1070  and the electrodes  1051  and  1052  of the liquid lens  1050 . 
     In order to reduce the stiffness of the second terminal units  1060  and  1070  to thus ensure the reliability of the conductive connection between the second terminal units  1060  and  1070  and the electrodes  1051  and  1052  of the liquid lens  1050 , the widths DW1 of the third portions  1060 - 3  and  1070 - 3  may be not more than 1.5 times the thickness of the third portions  1060 - 3  and  1070 - 3 . Alternatively, for example, the widths DW1 of the third portions  1060 - 3  and  1070 - 3  may be 1 to 1.2 times the thicknesses of the third portions  1060 - 3  and  1070 - 3 . 
       FIG.  31    is a perspective view of the first lens unit  1130 , the conductive member  1090 , and the lens holder  1140  accommodated in the lens barrel  1110 ,  FIG.  32    is a perspective view of the conductive member  1090  and the lens holder  1140 ,  FIG.  33 A  is a cross-sectional view taken along line CD in the first lens unit  1130  and the lens holder  1140  in  FIG.  14   ,  FIG.  33 B  is a cross-sectional view taken along line EF in the first lens unit  1130  and the lens holder  1140  in  FIG.  14   ,  FIG.  33 C  is a cross-sectional view taken along line GH in the first lens unit  1130  and the lens holder  1140  in  FIG.  14   ,  FIG.  34 A  is a front perspective view of the lens barrel  1110 ,  FIG.  34 B  is a rear side view of the lens barrel  1110  in  FIG.  34 A ,  FIG.  35    is a perspective view of the conductive portions  1091 - 1  to  1091 - 7  of the conductive member  1090 ,  FIG.  36 A  is a perspective view of the liquid lens unit  120  and the conductive member  1090  accommodated in the lens barrel  1110 , and FIG.  36 B is a perspective view of the liquid lens unit  120 , the conductive member  1090 , and the thermistor  1045  accommodated in the lens barrel  1110 . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  31  to  36 B , the lens holder  1140  may be disposed under the holder  1080 , and may accommodate or support the lens barrel  1110 . 
     Referring to  FIG.  31   , the lens holder  1140  may include a body  1140   a  and at least one protruding portion  1140   b , which protrudes from the upper surface  1201  of the body  1140   a  in the optical-axis direction. 
     The body  1140   a  may have a hole  1025  or a cavity formed therein to allow at least a portion of the lens barrel  1110  to be disposed or accommodated therein. 
     In an example, at least part of a third barrel portion  1110 C of the lens barrel  1110  may be disposed in the hole  1025  in the lens holder  1140 . 
     The hole  1025  may have a shape that is the same as or coincides with the shape of at least a portion of the lens barrel  1110 . The shape of the hole  1025  viewed from above may be, for example, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or a polygonal shape, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In an example, the hole  1025  may be formed through the lens holder  1140  in the optical-axis direction. 
     The protruding portion  1140   b  may be provided in a plural number. 
     In an example, the lens holder  1140  may include protruding portions  1140   b   1  to  1140   b   4 , which are located on the upper surface  1201  of the body  1140   a  so as to be spaced apart from each other. 
     In an example, the lens holder  1140  may include protruding portions  1140   b   1  to  1140   b   4  disposed on the corner regions of the body  1140   a.    
     In the embodiment, the lens holder  1140  may include a lower surface facing the upper surface of the sensor base  1180 . A first adhesive  1161  may be disposed between the upper surface of the sensor base  1180  and the lower surface of the lens holder  1140 , and may be bonded to the upper surface of the sensor base  1180  and the lower surface of the lens holder  1140 . 
     The lens holder  1140  may include a partition wall  1146  disposed on the body  1140   a.    
     The partition wall  1146  may be disposed on a portion of the body  1140   a  that is located between two adjacent conductive portions  1091 - 1  and  1091 - 2 ,  1091 - 2  and  1091 - 3 , or  1091 - 3  and  1091 - 4  disposed on the body  1140   a . In an example, the partition wall  1146  may be provided in a plural number. 
     The plurality of partition walls  1046  may be disposed on the upper surface of the body  1140   a  so as to be spaced apart from each other, and a portion of at least one conductive portion may be disposed between two adjacent partition walls. 
     The conductive portions  1091 - 1  to  1091 - 5  may be disposed on a first side and a second side of the lens holder  1140 . The partition walls  1046  may be disposed on at least one of the first side or the second side of the lens holder  1140 . 
     The first side of the lens holder  1140  may be one side of the lens holder  1140  that corresponds to the first side or the first side surface  1080 A of the holder  1080 , and the second side of the lens holder  1140  may be another side of the lens holder  1140  that corresponds to the second side or the second side surface  1080 B of the holder  1080 . In an example, the first side and the second side of the lens holder  1140  may be located opposite each other. 
     When the second portions  1060 - 2  and  1070 - 2  of the second terminal units  1060  and  1070  are coupled to the conductive portions  1091 - 1  to  1090 - 5  by means of the conductive adhesive member  1068 B, the partition walls  1146  may serve to prevent an electrical short between adjacent conductive portions. 
     The upper surface  1201  of the body  1140   a  may include a first surface  1201   a  and a second surface  1201   b , which has a height difference with respect to the first surface  1201   a.    
     In an example, the height of the second surface  1201   b  may be lower than the height of the first surface  1201   a . In an example, the distance from the lower surface of the lens holder  1140  to the second surface  1201   b  may be shorter than the distance from the lower surface of the lens holder  1140  to the first surface  1201   a.    
     The lens holder  1140  may have a recess  1027  formed in the second surface  1201   b.    
     The recess  1027  may be recessed in the second surface  1201   b . In an example, the recess  1027  may be formed adjacent to each of a third side and a fourth side of the lens holder  1140 . In an example, the recess  1027  may be formed in the center of at least one of the third side or the fourth side. 
     The third side of the lens holder  1140  may be one side of the lens holder  1140  that corresponds to the third side or the third side surface  1180 C of the holder  1080 , and the fourth side of the lens holder  1140  may be another side of the lens holder  1140  that corresponds to the fourth side or the fourth side surface  1080 D of the holder  1080 . In an example, the third side and the fourth side of the lens holder  1140  may be located opposite each other. 
     The partition walls  1146  may be disposed between the protruding portions  1140   b   1  to  1140   b   4 , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the partition walls may be disposed on the protruding portions. 
     The lens holder  1140  may include a stair  1212  or a stepped portion. 
     The stair  1212  may be formed on the outer side surface of the lens holder  1140 . 
     The stair  1212  may be formed on the lower end of the outer side surface of the lens holder  1140 . 
     A side plate  1302  of the cover  1300  may be disposed on the stair  1212 . In an example, the stair  1212  and the lower end of the side plate  1302  of the cover  1300  may be coupled to each other, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the stair  1212  and the lower end of the side plate  1302  of the cover  1300  may be spaced apart from each other. 
     The lens holder  1140  may have formed therein a recess  132 A that serves as a bonding tank, into which an adhesive, for example glue, is applied. 
     The recess  132 A may be formed in the lower surface or the lower portion of the lens holder  1140 . In an example, the recess  132 A may be formed in the lower portion or the lower surface of the body  1140   a.    
     In an example, the recess  132 A may be formed in the inner circumferential surface or the inner side surface of the lens holder  1140 , which is defined by the hole  1025 . 
     The recess  132 A may extend from the lower surface of the lens holder  1140 , and may be spaced apart from the upper surface of the lens holder  1140 . An adhesive may be injected into the recess  132 A, and the lens holder  1140  and the lens barrel  1110  may be coupled to each other by means of the injected adhesive. 
     A vent hole (or a recess)  1031 , which is a passage through which gas is discharged, may be formed in the inner circumferential surface of the lens holder  1140 . The vent hole  1310  may form a passage between the lens holder  1140  and the lens assembly  1120  so that the gas generated in the course of curing of the adhesive  1161  is discharged to the lens assembly  1120 . 
     The conductive member  1090  may be disposed on the lens holder  1140 . 
     The first to fifth conductive portions  1091 - 1  to  1091 - 5  of the conductive member  1090  may be coupled to the first terminal unit  1040  of the first lens unit  1130 , and may be conductively connected to the first terminal unit  1040 . The first to fifth conductive portions  1091 - 1  to  1091 - 5  of the conductive member  1090  may be coupled to the thermistor  1045 , and may be conductively connected to the thermistor  1045 . 
     In addition, the conductive member  1090  may be coupled to the terminals  1195  of the substrate  1190 , and may be conductively connected to the terminals  1195 . In an example, each of the conductive portions  1091 - 1  to  1091 - 7  of the conductive member  1090  may be conductively connected to a corresponding one of the terminals  1195  of the substrate  1190  via solder or a conductive adhesive member. 
     The conductive member  1090  may be spaced apart from the cover  1300 . 
     The conductive member  1090  may include a plurality of conductive portions  1091 - 1  to  1091 - 7 , which are spaced apart from each other. Although seven conductive portions are illustrated in  FIG.  32   , the disclosure is not limited thereto. The conductive member  1090  may include any number of conductive portions equal to or greater than one. The conductive portion may alternatively be referred to as a “terminal”, a “lead”, an “electrode”, a “bonding portion”, or a “lead frame”. 
     The conductive member  1090  may be integrally formed with the lens holder  1140  through insert injection molding. In another embodiment, the conductive portions of the conductive member  1090  may be structured such that separate terminals are bonded to the lens holder  1140 . 
     In still another embodiment, each of the conductive portions of the conductive member  1090  may include a conductive layer formed on the surface of the lens holder  1140 . In this case, the conductive layer may be formed on the surface of the lens holder  1140  using a molded interconnection device (MID) technology. 
     Referring to  FIG.  35   , each of the first to fifth conductive portions  1091 - 1  to  1091 - 5  may include a first coupling portion  1009   a  to be coupled to the second portions  1060 - 2  and  1070 - 2  of the second terminal units  1060  and  1070 , a second coupling portion  1009   b  to be connected or coupled to a corresponding one of the terminals  1195  of the substrate  1190 , and a connection portion  1009   c  interconnecting the first coupling portion  1009   a  and the second coupling portion  1009   b.    
     In addition, the sixth conductive portion  1091 - 6  may include a first coupling portion  1010   a  to be coupled to the first terminal  1041  of the thermistor  1045 , a second coupling portion  1010   b  to be connected or coupled to a corresponding one of the terminals  1195  of the substrate  1190 , and a connection portion  1010   c  interconnecting the first coupling portion  1010   a  and the second coupling portion  1010   b.    
     In addition, the sixth conductive portion  1091 - 6  may include an extension portion  1010   d  connected to the first coupling portion  1010   a  and extending toward the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G. In an example, the upper surface of the extension portion  1010   d  may be exposed from the lens holder  1140 , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the upper surface of the extension portion  1010   d  may be disposed in the lens holder  1140 , rather than being exposed. In an example, the extension portion  1010   d  may include at least one of a linear shape or a curved or bent shape. 
     In addition, the seventh conductive portion  1091 - 7  may include a first coupling portion  1011   a  to be coupled to the second terminal  1042  of the thermistor  1045 , a second coupling portion  1011   b  to be connected or coupled to a corresponding one of the terminals  1195  of the substrate  1190 , and a connection portion  1011   c  interconnecting the first coupling portion  1011   a  and the second coupling portion  1011   b.    
     In addition, the seventh conductive portion  1091 - 7  may include an extension portion  1011   d  connected to the first coupling portion  1011   a  and extending from the first coupling portion  1011   a . The extension portion  1011   d  may be bent and extend from the first coupling portion  1011   a  toward the lower surface of the lens holder  1140 . In addition, the seventh conductive portion  1071 - 7  may include a bent portion  1011   e  interconnecting the first coupling portion  1011   a  and the extension portion  1011   d.    
     The first coupling portion  1010   a  of the sixth conductive portion  1091 - 6  may have a recess  1028 A formed therein, and the first coupling portion  1011   a  of the seventh conductive portion  1091 - 7  may have a recess  1028 B formed therein. 
     The recess  1028 A may be formed in the first side surface of the first coupling portion  1010   a , and the region on the first coupling portion  1010   a  in which the recess  1028 A is formed may be a region in which the conductive adhesive member  1068 B is disposed or applied in order to be coupled to the first terminal  1041  of the thermistor  1045 . 
     The second side surface of the first coupling portion  1010   a  may be a side surface located opposite the first side surface of the first coupling portion  1010   a , the second side surface of the first coupling portion  1011   a  may be a side surface located opposite the first side surface of the first coupling portion  1011   a , and the second side surface of the first coupling portion  1010   a  and the second side surface of the first coupling portion  1011   a  may face each other. 
     The recess  1028 B may be formed in the first side surface of the first coupling portion  1011   a , and the region on the first coupling portion  1011   a  in which the recess  1028 B is formed may be a region in which the conductive adhesive member  1068 B is disposed or applied in order to be coupled to the second terminal  1042  of the thermistor  1045 . 
     The recess  1028 A may be depressed in the first side surface of the first coupling portion  1010   a , and the recess  1028 B may be depressed in the first side surface of the first coupling portion  1011   a . In an example, the shape of each of the recesses  1028 A and  1028 B viewed from above may be a semicircular shape, a semi-elliptical shape, or a polygonal shape, such as a triangular shape, a quadrangular shape, or a cross shape. 
     The recesses  1028 A and  1028 B may increase the contact area between the conductive adhesive member  1068 B and the first coupling portions  1010   a  and  1011   a , thereby increasing the coupling strength between the first and second terminals  1041  and  1042  of the thermistor  1045  and the conductive portions  1091 - 6  and  1091 - 7  and improving the reliability of the conductive connection therebetween. 
     The first coupling portions  1009   a ,  1010   a , and  1011   a  may be in contact with the conductive adhesive member  1068 B. 
     The conductive adhesive member  1068 B may include at least one of solder or a conductive adhesive. In an example, the conductive adhesive member  1068 B may include Ag epoxy. The conductive adhesive member  1068 B may be disposed between the plurality of partition walls  1046  of the lens holder  1140 . 
     The first coupling portions  1009   a  of the first to fifth conductive portions  1091 - 1  to  1091 - 5  may be disposed on the first side and the second side of the lens holder  1140 . In an example, the first coupling portions  1009   a  may be disposed on the upper surface, the upper portion, or the upper end of each of the first side and the second side of the lens holder  1140 . 
     The upper surface of the first coupling portion  1009   a  may include a portion that is exposed from the upper surface of the lens holder  1140 . The exposed portion of the first coupling portion  1009   a  may be coplanar with the first surface  1201   a , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the exposed portion of the first coupling portion  1009   a  may be located at a lower or higher position than the first surface  1201   a.    
     In addition, the exposed portion of the first coupling portion  1009   a  may be located at a lower position than the upper ends or the upper surfaces of the partition walls  1046  (or the protruding portions  1140   b ). 
     In addition, in an example, the width of one end of the first coupling portion  1009   a  may be smaller than the width of the other end of the first coupling portion  1009   a , which is connected to the connection portion  1009   c , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the width of one end of the first coupling portion  1009   a  may be equal to or larger than the width of the other end thereof. 
     In an example, the first coupling portions  1010   a  and  1011   a  of the sixth and seventh conductive portions  1091 - 6  and  1091 - 7  may be disposed on any one corner of the lens holder  1140 . In an example, the first coupling portions  1010   a  and  1011   a  of the sixth and seventh conductive portions  1091 - 6  and  1091 - 7  may be disposed on the corner of the lens holder  1140  that is located between the second side and the fourth side of the lens holder  1140 . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  36 A and  36 B , the upper surfaces of the first coupling portions  1009   a  of the first to fifth conductive portions  1091 - 1  to  1091 - 5  may be disposed below the lower surfaces of the second portions  1053   b  and  1054   b  of the first terminal unit  1040 . 
     The first coupling portions  1009   a  of the first to fifth conductive portions  1091 - 1  to  1091 - 5  may overlap the second portions  1053   b  and  1054   b  of the first terminal unit  1040  in the vertical direction or the optical-axis direction. 
     In addition, the upper surfaces of the first coupling portions  1010   a  and  1011   a  of the sixth and seventh conductive portions  1091 - 6  and  1091 - 7  may be disposed below the lower surfaces of the first and second electrodes  1041  and  1042  of the thermistor  1045 . 
     The first coupling portions  1010   a  and  1011   a  of the sixth and seventh conductive portions  1091 - 6  and  1091 - 7  may overlap the first and second electrodes  1041  and  1042  of the thermistor  1045  in the vertical direction or the optical-axis direction. 
     In an example, the second coupling portions  1009   b ,  1010   b , and  1011   b  of the conductive portions  1091 - 1  to  1091 - 7  may be disposed in the lens holder  1140 , and the lens holder  1140  may have at least one opening  1049  formed therein to expose at least part of the second coupling portions  1009   b ,  1010   b , and  1011   b . In an example, the opening  1049  may be formed in the first side and the second side of the lens holder  1140 . In another embodiment, the second coupling portions of the conductive portions  1091 - 1  to  1091 - 7  may be disposed on the outer surface of the lens holder  1140 , and may be exposed from the outer surface of the lens holder  1140 . 
     In an example, the second coupling portions  1009   b ,  1010   b , and  1011   b  of the conductive portions  1091 - 1  to  1091 - 7  may protrude downwards from the lower surface of the lens holder  1140 , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the second coupling portions may not protrude downwards from the lower surface of the lens holder  1140 . 
     In an example, the second coupling portions  1009   b ,  1010   b , and  1011   b  of the conductive portions  1091 - 1  to  1091 - 7  may include at least one of a linear shape or a curved shape (or a bent shape). In this case, the linear shape may include at least one of a first linear shape parallel to the optical axis or a second linear shape perpendicular to the optical axis. 
     In an example, the connection portions  1009   c ,  1010   c , and  1011   c  may have a curved or bent shape. 
     Each of the conductive portions  1091 - 1  to  1091 - 7  may be formed such that the width of at least part thereof is different from the width of another part thereof. 
     The second coupling portion  1010   b  of the sixth conductive portion  1091 - 6  may have at least one recess  1012 A formed therein, and the second coupling portion  1011   b  of the seventh conductive portion  1091 - 7  may have at least one recess  1012 B formed therein. 
     The recess  1012 A may be formed in the second side surface of the second coupling portion  1010   b , and may be depressed in the second side surface of the second coupling portion  1010   b.    
     The recess  1012 B may be formed in the first side surface of the second coupling portion  1011   b , and may be depressed in the first side surface of the second coupling portion  1011   b.    
     The second side surface of the second coupling portion  1010   b  and the second side surface of the second coupling portion  1011   b  may face each other. The first side surface of the second coupling portion  1011   b  may be a side surface located opposite the second side surface of the second coupling portion  1011   b , and the first side surface of the second coupling portion  1010   b  may be a side surface located opposite the second side surface of the second coupling portion  1010   b.    
     In an example, when the second coupling portions  1010   b  and  1011   b  are viewed from the front, the shape of each of the recesses  1012 A and  1012 B may be a semicircular shape, a semi-elliptical shape, or a polygonal shape, such as a triangular shape, a quadrangular shape, or a cross shape. 
     Although each of the second coupling portions  10   b  and  11   b  is illustrated in  FIG.  35    as having therein one recess  1012 A or  1012 B, the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, each of the second coupling portions  1010   b  and  1011   b  have a plurality of recesses formed therein. 
     The first and second terminals of the thermistor may be coupled to the first coupling portions of the conductive portions of the lens holder through a primary soldering process using surface mounter technology (SMT), and thereafter, a secondary soldering process may be performed in order to couple the second coupling portions of the conductive portions to the terminals of the substrate. 
     However, the heat generated during the secondary soldering process may be transferred to the solder (hereinafter referred to as “first solder”), by which the first coupling portions are coupled to the first and second terminals of the thermistor, through the second coupling portions, which may cause the first solder to melt, leading to deterioration in the reliability of the conductive connection between the first coupling portions and the first and second terminals of the thermistor. 
     The recesses  1012 A and  1012 B according to the embodiment may reduce the transfer of the heater generated during the secondary soldering process to the first solder, thereby preventing deterioration in the reliability of the conductive connection between the first coupling portions  1010   a  and  1011   a  and the first and second terminals  1041  and  1042  of the thermistor  1045  when the secondary soldering process is performed. 
     Although the conductive adhesive member  1068 B is described as being provided separately from the conductive member  1090 , the conductive adhesive member  1068 B may be embodied as a component of the conductive member  1090 . 
     In the embodiment, the second portions  1053   b  and  1054   b  of the first terminal unit  1040  of the first lens unit  1130  may be embedded in the conductive adhesive member  1068 B. Accordingly, conductive connection may be achieved without applying external pressure to the first terminal unit  1040  of the first lens unit  1130 . 
     The thermistor  1045  may detect the temperature of the camera module  1100 . For example, the thermistor  1045  may detect the temperature of the liquid lens  1050 . 
     For example, the thermistor  1045  may be embodied as a thermistor in which a resistance value varies depending on changes in temperature, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. The thermistor  1045  may include a first electrode  1041  and a second electrode  1042 , and a drive signal (e.g. drive voltage or drive current) may be supplied to the first electrode  1041  and the second electrode  1042 . 
     The first and second electrodes  1041  and  1042  of the thermistor  1045  may be conductively connected to the sixth and seventh conductive portions  1091 - 6  and  1091 - 7  via the conductive adhesive member  1068 B. 
     The cover  1300  may cover the lens holder  1140 , and may accommodate the lens holder  1140 . 
     The cover  1300  may define the external appearance of the camera module  1100 . The cover  1300  may be formed in the shape of a polyhedron, for example, a hexahedron, which is open at the lower surface thereof. 
     The cover  1300  may be a nonmagnetic body. The cover  1300  may be made of a metal material. 
     For example, the cover  1300  may be embodied as a metal plate. 
     The cover  1300  may be connected to the ground of the substrate  1190 . Accordingly, the cover  1300  may be grounded. The cover  1300  may block electromagnetic interference (EMI). In this case, the cover  1300  may be referred to as an “EMI shield can”. In another embodiment, the cover  1300  may not be conductively connected to the ground of the substrate  1190 . 
     The cover  1300  may include an upper plate  1301  and a side plate  1302  extending from the upper plate  1301 . The upper plate  1301  of the cover  1300  may have a bore (or a hole)  303  formed therein to expose at least a portion of the lens barrel  1110  therethrough. 
     The cover  1300  may have a recess  1304  formed in the lower end of the side plate  1302  thereof so as to correspond to the recess  212   a  in the stepped portion  1212  of the lens holder  1140 . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  34 A and  34 B , the lens barrel  1110  may include a first barrel portion  1110 A in which the first lens unit  1130  is disposed or accommodated, a second barrel portion  1110 B in which the second lens unit  1112  is disposed or accommodated, and a third barrel portion  1110 C in which the third lens unit  1113  is disposed or accommodated. 
     The second barrel portion  1110 B may be disposed on the first barrel portion  1110 A, and the third barrel portion  1110 C may be disposed under the first barrel portion  1110 A. 
     The first barrel portion  1110 A may include a body and an accommodation space  1005 A defined in the body. The first lens unit  1130  may be disposed in the accommodation space  1005 A in the body of the first barrel portion  1110 A. The accommodation space  1005 A may have a shape suitable for accommodating the first lens unit  1130 . Here, the “accommodation space” may alternatively be referred to as a “space”. 
     In an example, the first barrel portion  1110 A may include an inner upper surface  1002   a , an inner lower surface  1002   b , and an inner side surface  2   c  interconnecting the inner upper surface  1002   a  and the inner lower surface  1002   b  in order to define the accommodation space  1005 A. 
     The first barrel portion  1110 A may include a first side surface (or a first outer side surface)  1052   a  and a second side surface (or a second outer side surface)  1052   b , which are located opposite each other, and a third side surface (or a third outer side surface)  1052   c  and a fourth side surface (or a fourth outer side surface)  1052   d , which interconnect the first side surface  1052   a  and the second side surface  1052   b  and are located opposite each other. In an example, the accommodation space  1005 A in the first barrel portion  1110 A may be defined inside the first to fourth side surfaces  1052   a  to  1052   d  of the first barrel portion  110 A. 
     At least one of the first side surface  1052   a  or the second side surface  1052   b  of the first barrel portion  1110 A may have at least one opening  1505 A or  1505 B formed therein to allow the first lens unit  1130  to be inserted thereinto or to be assembled thereto. 
     By virtue of the first and second openings  1505 A and  1505 B, the accommodation space  1005 A in the first barrel portion  1110 A may be open toward the outside of the body of the first barrel portion  1110 A. 
     In an example, one end of the first lens unit  1130  may project outside the first opening  1505 A in the first barrel portion  1110 A, and the other end of the first lens unit  1130  may project outside the second opening  1505 B in the first barrel portion  1110 A. 
     The second barrel portion  1110 B may protrude from the upper portion of the body of the first barrel portion  1110 A. In an example, the second barrel portion  1110 B may protrude from the upper part of the first barrel portion  1110 A in the optical-axis direction or the upward direction. 
     In an example, the second barrel portion  1110 B may include a first body  1008 A and a second body  1008 B disposed on the first body  1008 A. 
     At least part of the second barrel portion  11101 B may be exposed through the bore  1303  in the cover  1300 . In an example, the second body  1008 B of the second barrel portion  1110 B may be exposed through the bore  1303  in the cover  1300 . In an example, the second body  1008 B of the second barrel portion  1110 B may project outside the cover  1300  through the bore  1303  in the cover  1300 . 
     The diameter of the bore  1303  in the cover  1300  may be larger than the diameter of the outer circumference of the second body  1008 B. 
     Inclined portions  1033 A and  1033 B, which correspond to an inclined portion  1301 C of the cover  1300 , may be formed on the outer circumferential surface of the lens barrel  1110  at a position between the first barrel portion  1110 A and the second barrel portion  1110 B. 
     The upper plate  1301  of the cover  1300  may include a first stage (or a “first portion”)  1301 A, which is contiguous with the bore  1303 , a second stage (or a “second portion”)  1301 B, which has a height difference with respect to the first stage  1301 A in the optical-axis direction and is contiguous with the side plate  1302 , and an inclined portion  1301 C, which interconnects the first stage  1301 A and the second stage  1301 B. 
     The second stage  1301 B may be located at a lower position than the first stage  1301 A. The inclined portion  1301 C may include an inclined surface that is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the first stage  1301 A or the second stage  1301 B. 
     For example, the inclined portion  1301 C may be formed in the shape of a ring or a cylinder that surrounds the first barrel portion  1110 A and the second barrel portion  1110 B of the lens barrel  1110 , but the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     The inclined portion  1301 C of the cover  1300  and the inclined portions  1033 A and  1033 B of the lens barrel  1110  may face or overlap each other in the optical-axis direction. 
     In an example, the inclined portion  1301 C of the cover  1300  and the inclined portions  1033 A and  1033 B of the lens barrel  1110  may be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined constant distance. 
     Since the upper plate of the cover  1300  has a two-stage structure having a height difference and the lens barrel  1110  is provided with the inclined portions  1033 A and  1033 B corresponding to the two-stage structure, the height of the edge portion of the camera module may be reduced, and thus the size of the camera module in the optical-axis direction may be reduced. 
     In an example, the inclined portions  1033 A and  1033 B may be disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the lens barrel  1110  at a position between the first barrel portion  1110 A and the first body  1008 A of the second barrel portion  1110 B. 
     In an example, the lens barrel  1110  may include the first inclined portion  1033 A, which is formed between the third side surface  52   c  of the first barrel portion  1110 A and the outer side surface of the second barrel portion  1110 B, and the second inclined portion  1033 B, which is formed between the fourth side surface  52   d  of the first barrel portion  1110 A and the outer side surface of the second barrel portion  1110 B. 
     The first inclined portion  1033 A may include a first inclined surface, and the second inclined portion  1033 B may include a second inclined surface. The included angle θ1 between the first inclined surface and the upper surface of the first barrel portion  1110 A may be an obtuse angle, and the included angle θ2 between the second inclined surface and the upper surface of the first barrel portion  1110 A may be an obtuse angle. 
     The second body  1008 B of the second barrel portion  11101 B may be formed in a cylindrical shape, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. The second body of the second barrel portion may be formed in any of various shapes. 
     The second barrel portion  1110 B may have an accommodation space formed therein to accommodate the second lens unit  1112 , and the third barrel portion  1110 C may have an accommodation space formed therein to accommodate the third lens unit  1113 . 
     The inside of the first barrel portion  1110 A, the inside of the second barrel portion  1110 B, and the inside of the third barrel portion  1110 C may communicate with one another. 
     The second barrel portion  1110 B may have an opening formed therein to expose at least a portion of the second lens unit  1112 , for example an uppermost lens, therethrough. 
     In addition, in order to prevent deterioration in the performance of the liquid lens  1050  due to a decrease in the temperature of the liquid lens  1050 , the liquid lens  1050  may include a heater for controlling the temperature of the liquid lens  1050 . 
       FIG.  37 A  is a top view of the first conductive portion  1091 - 1 , the 1-1 st  terminal  1004 A, and the conductive adhesive member  1068 B, and  FIG.  37 B  is a cross-sectional view taken along line IJ in the first conductive portion  1091 - 1 , the 1-1 st  terminal  1004 A, and the conductive adhesive member  1068 B in  FIG.  37 A . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  37 A and  37 B , the upper surface of the first portion  1009   a  of the first conductive portion  1091 - 1  and the lower surface of the second portion  1053   b  of the 1-1 st  terminal  1004 A may be coupled to each other by means of the conductive adhesive member  1068 B disposed therebetween. The conductive adhesive member  1068 B may smoothly flow to the upper surface of the second portion  1053   b  of the 1-1 st  terminal  1004 A along the recess  1053 B formed in the second portion  1053   b  of the 1-1 st  terminal  1004 A, and a portion of the conductive adhesive member  1068 B may be disposed on the upper surface of the second portion  1053   b  of the 1-1 st  terminal  1004 A. 
     Accordingly, the contact area between the conductive adhesive member  1068 B, the second portion  1053   b  of the 1-1 st  terminal  1004 A, and the first portion  1009   a  of the first conductive portion  1091 - 1  may be increased, whereby the bonding strength therebetween may be increased, the reliability of the conductive connection therebetween may be improved, and it is possible to ensure stable resistance between the first terminal unit and the conductive portion. 
     The recess  1054 B may also be formed in the second portion  1054   b  of the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G, and the description made with reference to  FIGS.  37 A and  37 B  may also apply to the 1-2 nd  terminal unit  1004 G and the fifth conductive portion  1091 - 5 . 
       FIG.  38    illustrates second portions  1010   b  and  1011   b  of sixth and seventh conductive portions  1091 - 6  and  1091 - 7  according to another embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  38   , the second portion  1010   b  of the sixth conductive portion  1091 - 6  may have formed therein a plurality of first recesses  1010 - 1  to  1010 - 3 , which are spaced apart from each other, and the second portion  1011   b  of the sixth conductive portion  1091 - 6  may have formed therein a plurality of second recesses  1011 - 1  to  1011 - 3 , which are spaced apart from each other. 
     The first recesses  1010 - 1  to  1010 - 3  may be formed in a first side surface and a second side surface of the second portion  1010   b . In an example, the first recesses  1010 - 1  to  1010 - 3  may be alternately disposed or arranged on the first side surface and the second side surface of the second portion  1010   b  in the direction from the upper end of the second portion  1010   b  toward the lower end thereof. 
     The first recesses  1010 - 1  to  1010 - 3  may be formed in a first side surface and a second side surface of the second portion  11   b . In an example, the second recesses  1011 - 1  to  1011 - 3  may be alternately disposed or arranged on the first side surface and the second side surface of the second portion  1011   b  in the direction from the upper end of the second portion  1011   b  toward the lower end thereof. Accordingly, it is possible to increase the heat dissipation area of the second portions  1010   b  and  1011   b  and to prevent the rigidity or strength of the second portions  1010   b  and  1011   b  from being reduced. 
     With regard to the thermistor  1045  and the sixth and seventh conductive portions  1091 - 6  and  1091 - 7  &amp;  1091 - 6 A and  1091 - 7 A shown in  FIGS.  36 B and  38   , reference may be made to the description of the embodiments in  FIGS.  1  to  17   . 
     In addition, the camera module  100  according to the embodiment may be included in an optical instrument for the purpose of forming an image of an object present in a space using reflection, refraction, absorption, interference, and diffraction, which are characteristics of light, for the purpose of increasing visibility, for the purpose of recording and reproduction of an image using a lens, or for the purpose of optical measurement or image propagation or transmission. 
     For example, the optical device according to the embodiment may be a cellular phone, a mobile phone, a smartphone, a portable smart device, a digital camera, a laptop computer, a digital broadcasting terminal, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a portable multimedia player (PMP), a navigation device, etc., without being limited thereto, and may also be any of devices for capturing images or pictures. 
       FIG.  41    is a perspective view of a portable terminal  200 A according to an embodiment, and  FIG.  42    is a configuration diagram of the portable terminal  200 A shown in  FIG.  41   . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  41  and  42   , the portable terminal  200 A (hereinafter referred to as a “terminal”) may include a body  850 , a wireless communication unit  710 , an A/V input unit  720 , a sensor  740 , an input/output unit  750 , a memory  760 , an interface  770 , a controller  780 , and a power supply unit  790 . 
     The body  850  shown in  FIG.  41    may have a bar shape, without being limited thereto, and may be any of various types such as, for example, a slide type, a folder type, a swing type, or a swivel type, in which two or more sub-bodies are coupled so as to be movable relative to each other. 
     The body  850  may include a case (a casing, a housing, a cover, or the like) defining the external appearance thereof. In an example, the body  850  may be divided into a front case  851  and a rear case  852 . A variety of electronic components of the terminal may be mounted in the space formed between the front case  851  and the rear case  852 . 
     The wireless communication unit  710  may include one or more modules, which enable wireless communication between the terminal  200 A and a wireless communication system or between the terminal  200 A and a network in which the terminal  200 A is located. In an example, the wireless communication unit  710  may include a broadcast reception module  711 , a mobile communication module  712 , a wireless Internet module  713 , a nearfield communication module  714 , and a location information module  715 . 
     The audio/video (A/V) input unit  720  serves to input audio signals or video signals, and may include a camera  721  and a microphone  722 . 
     The camera  721  may include the camera module  100 . 
     The sensor  740  may sense the current state of the terminal  200 A, such as the open or closed state of the terminal  200 A, the position of the terminal  200 A, the presence or absence of a user&#39;s touch, the orientation of the terminal  200 A, or the acceleration/deceleration of the terminal  200 A, and may generate a sensing signal to control the operation of the terminal  200 A. For example, when the terminal  200 A is a slide-type phone, whether the slide-type phone is open or closed may be detected. In addition, the sensor  740  serves to sense whether power is supplied from the power supply unit  790  or whether the interface  770  is coupled to an external device. 
     The input/output unit  750  serves to generate visual, audible, or tactile input or output. The input/output unit  750  may generate input data to control the operation of the terminal  200 A, and may display information processed in the terminal  200 A. 
     The input/output unit  750  may include a keypad unit  730 , a display module  751 , a sound output module  752 , and a touchscreen panel  753 . The keypad unit  730  may generate input data in response to input to a keypad. 
     The display module  751  may include a plurality of pixels, the color of which varies in response to electrical signals. In an example, the display module  751  may include at least one of a liquid crystal display, a thin-film transistor liquid crystal display, an organic light-emitting diode, a flexible display, or a 3D display. 
     The sound output module  752  may output audio data received from the wireless communication unit  710  in a call-signal reception mode, a call mode, a recording mode, a voice recognition mode, or a broadcast reception mode, or may output audio data stored in the memory  760 . 
     The touchscreen panel  753  may convert variation in capacitance, caused by a user&#39;s touch on a specific region of a touchscreen, into electrical input signals. 
     The memory  760  may store programs for the processing and control of the controller  780 , and may temporarily store input/output data (e.g. a phone book, messages, audio, still images, pictures, and moving images). For example, the memory  760  may store images captured by the camera  721 , for example, pictures or moving images. 
     The interface  770  serves as a passage for connection between the terminal  200 A and an external device. The interface  770  may receive data or power from the external device, and may transmit the same to respective components inside the terminal  200 A, or may transmit data inside the terminal  200 A to the external device. For example, the interface  770  may include a wired/wireless headset port, an external charger port, a wired/wireless data port, a memory card port, a port for connection of a device having an identification module, an audio input/output (I/O) port, a video input/output (I/O) port, and an earphone port. 
     The controller  780  may control the overall operation of the terminal  200 A. For example, the controller  780  may perform control and processing related to voice calls, data communication, and video calls. 
     The controller  780  may include a multimedia module  781  for multimedia playback. The multimedia module  781  may be provided inside the controller  180 , or may be provided separately from the controller  780 . 
     The controller  780  may perform pattern recognition processing, by which writing or drawing input to the touchscreen is perceived as characters or images. 
     The power supply unit  790  may supply power required to operate the respective components upon receiving external power or internal power under the control of the controller  780 . 
     The features, structures, effects, and the like described above in the embodiments are included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, but are not necessarily limited to only one embodiment. 
     Furthermore, the features, structures, effects, and the like exemplified in the respective embodiments may be combined with other embodiments or modified by those skilled in the art. Therefore, content related to such combinations and modifications should be construed as falling within the scope of the present disclosure. 
     INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY 
     Embodiments may be used for a camera module capable of improving the reliability of a conductive connection between a terminal unit and an electrode of a liquid lens and for an optical device including the same.