Patent Publication Number: US-2023161132-A1

Title: Lens moving apparatus

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is a Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/931,120 filed on May 13, 2020, which is a Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/827,218 filed on Nov. 30, 2017 (now U.S. Pat. No. 10,663,689 issued on May 26, 2020), which is a Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/694,004 filed on Apr. 23, 2015 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,857,555 issued on Jan. 2, 2018), which claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2014-0049273, filed in Korea on 24 April, 2014, No. 10-2014-0055362, filed in Korea on 9 May 2014, and No. 10-2014-0096577, filed in Korea on 29 Jul. 2014, which are hereby incorporated in their entirety by reference as if fully set forth herein. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     Embodiments relate to a lens moving apparatus and, more particularly, to a lens moving apparatus which prevents resonance of a bobbin in the optical axis direction by alleviating vibration of the bobbin in the optical axis direction during movement of a lens or implementation of auto-focusing. 
     BACKGROUND 
     In recent years, IT products equipped with subminiature digital cameras such as, for example, cellular phones, smartphones, tablet PCs, and notebook computers, have actively been developed. 
     IT products equipped with conventional subminiature digital cameras incorporate a lens moving apparatus for aligning the focal distance of a lens by adjusting a distance between the lens and an image sensor that converts outside light into a digital image. 
     However, the conventional subminiature digital cameras are configured to implement a control operation for determining a point of the image sensor, where the most distinct image is produced, based on the definition of the digital image formed on the image sensor that depends on the distance between the lens and the image sensor for implementation of auto-focusing. During implementation of auto-focusing as described above, a bobbin equipped with the lens is moved in the optical axis direction. This movement of the bobbin in the optical axis direction, however, may cause vibration of the bobbin in the optical axis direction. When the frequency of vibration of the bobbin in the optical axis direction becomes close to or coincides with the natural frequencies of vibration of the bobbin and a housing, problematic resonance may occur between the bobbin and the housing which are connected to each other through an elastic member. 
     SUMMARY 
     Accordingly, the present embodiment provides a lens moving apparatus to solve problems of the related art. More specifically, the present embodiment provides a lens moving apparatus to remove resonance during movement of a lens or implementation of auto-focusing. In addition, the present embodiment provides a lens moving apparatus to more efficiently remove resonance during movement of a lens or implementation of auto-focusing. 
     In one embodiment, a lens moving apparatus includes a housing supporting a driving magnet and having an opening, a bobbin provided at an outer circumferential surface thereof with a coil located inside the driving magnet, the bobbin being moved in a first direction parallel to an optical axis within the housing via electromagnetic interaction between the driving magnet and the coil, and a damper located between the housing and the bobbin. 
     In another embodiment, a lens moving apparatus includes a housing supporting a driving magnet and having an opening, a bobbin provided at an outer circumferential surface thereof with a coil located inside the driving magnet, the bobbin being moved in a first direction parallel to an optical axis within the housing via electromagnetic interaction between the driving magnet and the coil, an upper elastic member and a lower elastic member provided respectively at upper surfaces and lower surfaces of the bobbin and the housing, each elastic member including an inner frame coupled to the bobbin and an outer frame coupled to the housing, and a damper located between the inner frame of at least one elastic member among the upper elastic member and the lower elastic member and the housing. 
     In a further embodiment, a lens moving apparatus includes a moving unit including a bobbin, a stationary unit including a housing outwardly spaced apart from the bobbin by a prescribed distance to move the moving unit, an elastic unit connected to the bobbin and the housing to provide the moving unit with return force, and a damper member located between the housing and the elastic unit. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Arrangements and embodiments may be described in detail with reference to the following drawings in which like reference numerals refer to like elements and wherein: 
         FIG.  1    is a schematic perspective view illustrating a lens moving apparatus according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  2    is a schematic exploded perspective view illustrating the lens moving apparatus according to the embodiment; 
         FIG.  3    is a schematic perspective view illustrating the lens moving apparatus after removal of a cover member as compared to  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  4    is a schematic plan view of  FIG.  3   ; 
         FIG.  5    is a schematic perspective view illustrating a housing according to the embodiment; 
         FIG.  6    is a schematic perspective view illustrating the housing viewed from a different angle than  FIG.  5   ; 
         FIG.  7    is a schematic bottom perspective view illustrating the housing according to the embodiment; 
         FIG.  8    is a schematic exploded perspective view illustrating the housing according to the embodiment; 
         FIG.  9    is a schematic plan view illustrating an upper elastic member according to the embodiment; 
         FIG.  10    is a schematic plan view illustrating a lower elastic member according to the embodiment; 
         FIG.  11    is a schematic perspective view illustrating a bobbin according to the embodiment; 
         FIG.  12    is a schematic bottom perspective view illustrating the bobbin according to the embodiment; 
         FIG.  13    is a schematic exploded perspective view illustrating the bobbin according to the embodiment; 
         FIG.  14    is a partially enlarged perspective view of  FIG.  13   ; 
         FIG.  15    is a partially enlarged bottom view of  FIG.  13   ; 
         FIG.  16    is a schematic partially enlarged perspective view illustrating a receiving recess according to the embodiment; 
         FIG.  17    is a schematic longitudinal sectional view illustrating the bobbin according to the embodiment; 
         FIG.  18    is a bottom view illustrating the bobbin and the housing according to the embodiment; 
         FIG.  19    is a schematic longitudinal sectional view illustrating the bobbin, the housing, and the cover member according to one embodiment; 
         FIG.  20    is a schematic longitudinal sectional view illustrating the bobbin, the housing, and the cover member according to another embodiment; 
         FIG.  21    is a schematic longitudinal sectional illustrating the bobbin and the cover member according to a further embodiment; 
         FIG.  22    is a schematic bottom side view illustrating the bobbin and the housing according to another embodiment; 
         FIG.  23 A  is a graph illustrating optical axis directional vibration of a conventional lens moving apparatus having no damper,  FIG.  23 B  is a graph illustrating optical axis directional vibration of a lens moving apparatus according to the present embodiment, and  FIG.  23 C  is a graph illustrating optical axis directional vibration of the lens moving apparatus according to the present embodiment in the case where the damper is destroyed by a washing process for the lens moving apparatus; 
         FIG.  24    is a schematic partially enlarged perspective view illustrating a damper and a damping connector according to one embodiment; 
         FIG.  25    is a schematic partially enlarged plan view illustrating the damper and the damping connector according to the embodiment; 
         FIG.  26    is a schematic partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view illustrating the damper and the damping connector according to the embodiment taken along line A-A of  FIG.  25   ; 
         FIG.  27    is a schematic partially enlarged plan view illustrating a damping protrusion according to a first additional embodiment; 
         FIG.  28    is a schematic partially enlarged plan view illustrating a damping protrusion according to a second additional embodiment; 
         FIG.  29    is a schematic partially enlarged plan view illustrating a damping protrusion according to a third additional embodiment; 
         FIG.  30    is a schematic partially enlarged plan view illustrating a damping protrusion according to a fourth additional embodiment; 
         FIG.  31    is a schematic longitudinal sectional view illustrating a damping receiving recess according to an additional embodiment; 
         FIG.  32    is a schematic plan view and a partially enlarged view illustrating a damper and a damping connector according to another embodiment; 
         FIG.  33 A  is a graph illustrating optical axis directional vibration of the conventional lens moving apparatus having no damper, and  FIG.  33 B  is a graph illustrating optical axis directional vibration of the lens moving apparatus according to the present embodiment; 
         FIG.  34    is an exploded perspective view illustrating a lens moving apparatus according to another embodiment; 
         FIG.  35    is a perspective view illustrating a lens moving apparatus having no cover member according to the embodiment; 
         FIG.  36    is a view illustrating a housing and an upper elastic member according to the embodiment; 
         FIG.  37    is a side sectional view of  FIG.  36   ; and 
         FIG.  38    is a view illustrating graphic curves acquired during movement of the conventional lens moving apparatus and the lens moving apparatus according to the embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS 
     Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the annexed drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar elements are denoted by the same reference numerals even though they are depicted in different drawings. In the following description, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the disclosure rather unclear. Those skilled in the art will appreciated that some features in the drawings are exaggerated, reduced, or simplified for ease in description, and drawings and elements thereof are not shown always at the proper rate. 
     For reference, in the respective drawings, a rectangular coordinate system (x, y, z) may be used. In the drawings, the x-axis and the y-axis mean a plane perpendicular to an optical axis and, for convenience, an optical axis (z-axis) direction may be referred to as a first direction, an x-axis direction may be referred to as a second direction, and a y-axis direction may be referred to as a third direction. 
     First Embodiment 
       FIG.  1    is a schematic perspective view illustrating a lens moving apparatus  100  according to an embodiment,  FIG.  2    is a schematic exploded perspective view illustrating the lens moving apparatus  100  according to the embodiment,  FIG.  3    is a schematic perspective view illustrating the lens moving apparatus  100  after removal of a cover member  300  as compared to  FIG.  1   ,  FIG.  4    is a schematic plan view of  FIG.  3   ,  FIG.  5    is a schematic perspective view illustrating a housing  140  according to the embodiment,  FIG.  6    is a schematic perspective view illustrating the housing  140  viewed from a different angle than  FIG.  5   ,  FIG.  7    is a schematic bottom perspective view illustrating the housing  140  according to the embodiment,  FIG.  8    is a schematic exploded perspective view illustrating the housing  140  according to the embodiment,  FIG.  9    is a schematic plan view illustrating an upper elastic member  150  according to the embodiment, and  FIG.  10    is a schematic plan view illustrating a lower elastic member  160  according to the embodiment. 
     The lens moving apparatus  100  according to the present embodiment is an apparatus that adjusts a distance between an image sensor and a lens of a camera module to position the image sensor at the focal distance of the lens. That is, the lens moving apparatus  100  functions to implement auto-focusing. 
     As exemplarily illustrated in  FIGS.  1  to  4   , the lens moving apparatus  100  according to the present embodiment includes a cover member  300 , an upper elastic member  150 , a bobbin  110 , a coil  120  wound around the bobbin  110 , a housing  140 , driving magnets  130  and a printed circuit board  170  affixed to the housing  140 , a lower elastic member  160 , a base  210 , a displacement sensing unit to determine a displacement of the bobbin  110  in the optical axis direction (i.e. in a first direction), and a damper serving as an alleviator. 
     The cover member  300  generally takes the form of a box and is configured to be coupled to the top of the base  210 . The cover member  300  defines a receiving space along with the base  210 . The upper elastic member  150 , the bobbin  110 , the coil  120  wound around the bobbin  110 , the housing  140 , and the driving magnets  130  and the printed circuit board  170  affixed to the housing  140  are received in the receiving space. 
     The cover member  300  has an opening formed in an upper surface thereof to allow a lens coupled to the bobbin  110  to be exposed to outside light. In addition, the opening may be provided with a window formed of a light transmitting material. As such, it is possible to prevent impurities, such as, for example, dust or moisture, from entering the camera module. 
     The cover member  300  may have first recesses  310  formed in a lower end thereof. At this time, although will be described below, the base  210  may have second recesses  211  at portions thereof coming into contact with the first recesses  310  when the cover member  300  and the base  210  are coupled to each other (i.e. at positions corresponding to the first recesses  310 ). Upon coupling of the cover member  300  and the base  210 , recesses each having a given area may be formed via merger of the first recesses  310  and the second recesses  211 . A viscous adhesive member may be applied to the recesses. That is, the adhesive member applied to the recesses may be changed into a gap between facing surfaces of the cover member  300  and the base  210  through the recesses, thereby allowing the cover member  300  and the base  210  to be coupled to each other and sealing the gap between the cover member  300  and the base  210 . In addition, the adhesive member may hermetically seal side surfaces of the cover member  300  and the base  210  as the cover member  300  and the base  210  are coupled to each other. 
     In addition, the cover member  300  may have a third recess  320  formed in a surface thereof corresponding to a terminal surface of the printed circuit board  170 , so as not to interfere with a plurality of terminals formed at the terminal surface. The third recess  320  may be indented in the entire surface facing the terminal surface. As the adhesive member is applied inside the third recess  320 , the cover member  300 , the base  210  and the printed circuit board  170  may be sealed. In addition, the adhesive member may hermetically seal side surfaces of the cover member  300  and the base  210  as the cover member  300  and the base  210  are coupled to each other. 
     Although the first recesses  310 , the second recesses  320 , and the third recess  320  are formed respectively at the base  210  and the cover member  300 , the embodiment is not limited thereto and recesses having similar shapes may be formed only in the base  210  or may be formed only in the cover member  300 . 
     The base  210  may generally have a square shape and define a space for receiving the bobbin  110  and the housing  140  by being coupled to the cover member  300 . 
     The base  210  has a protruding portion that protrudes outward by a prescribed thickness so as to surround a lower rim of the base  210 . The prescribed thickness of the protruding portion may be equal to the thickness of the side surface of the cover member  300 . When the cover member  300  is coupled to the base  210 , the side surface of the cover member  300  may be seated on, come into contact with, be disposed on, or be coupled to an upper surface or a side surface of the protruding portion. As a result, the protruding portion may guide the cover member  300  coupled to the top thereof by coming into surface contact with an end of the cover member  300 . The end of the cover member  300  may include a bottom surface or side surface of the cover member  300 . At this time, the protruding portion and the end of the cover member  300  may be attached to and sealed with each other using, for example, an adhesive. 
     The protruding portion may be provided with the second recesses  211  at positions corresponding to the first recesses  310  of the cover member  300 . As described above, the second recesses  211  may be merged with the first recesses  310  of the cover member  300  to define the recesses and to define a space for charging of the adhesive member. 
     The base  210  has a central opening. The opening is formed at a position corresponding to a position of the image sensor arranged in the camera module. 
     In addition, the base  210  includes four guide members  216  upwardly protruding perpendicular thereto by a prescribed height from four corners thereof. The guide members  216  may have a polygonal column shape. The guide members  216  may be inserted into, or fastened or coupled to lower guide grooves  148  of the housing  140  that will be described below. As such, when the housing  140  is seated or disposed on the top of the base  210 , the guide members  216  and the lower guide grooves  148  may guide a coupling position of the housing  140  onto the base  210  and, simultaneously, prevent the housing  140  from deviating from an installation target reference position due to, for example, vibration during operation of the lens moving apparatus  100  or due to worker mistakes during coupling. 
     As exemplarily illustrated in  FIGS.  4  to  9   , the housing  140  may generally have an opening and a hollow column shape (for example, a hollow square column shape) as illustrated in  FIGS.  4  to  9   . The housing  140  is configured to support at least two driving magnets  130  and the printed circuit board  170 . The bobbin  110  is received in the housing  140  so as to be movable in the first direction relative to the housing  140 . 
     The housing  140  has four flat side surfaces  141 . Each side surface  141  of the housing  140  may have an area equal to or greater than the area of a corresponding one of the driving magnets  130 . 
     As exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  9   , among the four side surfaces  141  of the housing  140 , two side surfaces facing each other are provided respectively with magnet penetration apertures  141   a  or recesses in which the driving magnets  130  are seated, placed, or fixed. The magnet penetration apertures  141   a  or recesses may have a size and shape corresponding to the driving magnets  130  and may have any other shapes to implement a guide function. A first driving magnet  131  and a second driving magnet  132 , i.e. two driving magnets  130  may be mounted respectively to the magnet penetration apertures  141   a.    
     In addition, among the four side surfaces  141  of the housing  140 , one side surface perpendicular to the above-described two side surfaces or either surface except for the above-described two side surfaces may be provided with a sensor penetration aperture  141   b  in which a position sensor  180  as described below is inserted, placed, fixed, or seated. The sensor penetration aperture  141   b  may have a size and shape corresponding to the position sensor  180  as described below. In addition, the side surface provided with the sensor penetration aperture  141   b  is further provided with at least one mounting protrusion  149  to assist mounting, placement, provisional fixing, or complete fixing of the printed circuit board  170 . The mounting protrusion  149  is configured to be inserted into a mounting aperture  173  formed in the printed circuit board  170  as described below. At this time, although the mounting aperture  173  and the mounting protrusion  149  may be coupled to each other in a shape-fit manner or an interference-fit manner, the mounting aperture  173  and the mounting protrusion  149  may simply implement a guide function. 
     Here, the other side surface opposite to the above-described side surface among the four side surfaces  141  of the housing  140  may be a flat solid surface, without being limited thereto. 
     In an additional embodiment of the housing  140 , among the four side surfaces  141  of the housing  140 , both side surfaces facing each other are provided with first and second magnet penetration apertures  141   a  and  141   a ′ in which the driving magnets  130  are seated, placed, or fixed. In addition, among the four side surfaces  141  of the housing  140 , one side surface perpendicular to the above-described two side surfaces or either surface except for the above-described two side surfaces may be provided with a third magnet penetration aperture and a sensor penetration aperture  141   b  spaced apart from the third magnet penetration aperture by a prescribed distance. Moreover, among the four side surfaces  141  of the housing  140 , the other side surface facing the above-described side surface provided with the third magnet penetration aperture may be provided with a fourth magnet penetration aperture. 
     That is, the four side surfaces  141  of the housing  140  are provided with the four magnet penetration apertures and the single sensor penetration aperture  141   b.    
     At this time, the first magnet penetration aperture  141   a  and the second magnet penetration aperture  141   a ′ have the same size and the same shape and also have (almost) the same lateral length throughout the lateral length of the side surfaces of the housing  140 . On the other hand, the third magnet penetration aperture and the fourth magnet penetration aperture may have the same size and the same shape and may also have a smaller lateral length than the first magnet penetration aperture  141   a  and the second magnet penetration aperture  141   a ′. This serves to attain a space for the sensor penetration aperture  141   b  because the side surface provided with the third magnet penetration aperture must be provided with the sensor penetration aperture  141   b.    
     It will be naturally appreciated that the first driving magnet  131  to the fourth driving magnet are respectively seated, placed, or fixed in the first magnet penetration aperture to the fourth magnet penetration aperture. At this time, likewise, the first driving magnet  131  and the second driving magnet  132  have the same size and the same shape and also have almost the same lateral length throughout the lateral length of the side surfaces of the housing  140 . In addition, the third driving magnet and the fourth driving magnet may have the same size and the same shape and may also have a smaller lateral length than the first driving magnet  131  and the second driving magnet  132 . 
     Here, the third magnet penetration aperture and the fourth magnet penetration aperture may be symmetrically arranged on a line on the basis of the center of the housing  140 . That is, the third driving magnet  130  and the fourth driving magnet  130  may be symmetrically arranged on a line on the basis of the center of the housing  140 . In the case where the third driving magnet  130  and the fourth driving magnet  130  are arranged opposite each other to deviate to one side regardless of the center of the housing  140 , electromagnetic force deviated to one side may be applied to the coil  120  of the bobbin  110  and, therefore, tilting of the bobbin  110  is possible. In other words, as the third driving magnet  130  and the fourth driving magnet  130  are symmetrically arranged on a line on the basis of the center of the housing  140 , electromagnetic force may be applied to the bobbin  110  and the coil  120  without deviation, which ensures easy and accurate guidance of the bobbin  110  in the first direction. 
     In addition, as exemplarily illustrated in  FIGS.  3  to  6    and  FIG.  8   , a plurality of first stoppers  143  may protrude from an upper surface of the housing  140 . The first stoppers  143  serve to prevent collision between the cover member  300  and a body of the housing  140  and may prevent the upper surface of the housing  140  from directly colliding with an inner ceiling surface of the cover member  300  upon generation of an external shock. In addition, the first stoppers  143  may serve to guide an installation position of the upper elastic member  150 . To this end, as exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  9   , the upper elastic member  150  may be provided at positions corresponding to the first stoppers  143  with guide grooves  155  having a shape corresponding to the shape of the first stoppers  143 . 
     In addition, a plurality of upper frame support bosses  144  may protrude from the top of the housing  140  so as to be coupled to an outer frame  152  of the upper elastic member  150 . As will be described below, the outer frame  152  of the upper elastic member  150  corresponding to the upper frame support bosses  144  may be formed with first through-holes  152   a  or recesses having a shape corresponding to the shape of the upper frame support bosses  144 . The upper frame support bosses  144  may be fixed to the first through-holes  152   a  or recesses using an adhesive or via fusion. The fusion may be, for example, thermal fusion or ultrasonic fusion. 
     In addition, as exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  7   , a plurality of lower frame support bosses  147  may protrude from the bottom of the housing  140  so as to be coupled to outer frames  162  of the lower elastic member  160 . The outer frames  162  of the lower elastic member  160  corresponding to the lower frame support bosses  147  may be formed with insertion recesses  162   a  or holes having a shape corresponding to the shape of the lower frame support bosses  147 . The lower frame support bosses  147  may be fixed to the insertion recesses  162   a  or holes using an adhesive or via fusion. The fusion may be, for example, thermal fusion or ultrasonic fusion. 
     Although the driving magnet  130  may be fixed to the magnet penetration aperture  141   a  using an adhesive, the embodiment is not limited thereto and an adhesive member such as, for example, a double-sided tape may be used. In an alternative embodiment, instead of the magnet penetration aperture  141   a , a recessed magnet seat may be formed in the inner surface of the housing  140 . The magnet seat may have a size and shape corresponding to the size and shape of the driving magnet  130 . 
     The driving magnets  130  may be installed at positions corresponding to the coil  120  wound around the bobbin  110 . In addition, the driving magnets  130  may be configured into a unitary body. In the present embodiment, each driving magnet  130  may be oriented in such a way that one surface thereof facing the coil  120  wound around the bobbin  110  is an N-pole and an opposite outer surface thereof is an S-pole. However, the embodiment is not limited thereto and the driving magnet  130  may be oriented in the other way. In addition, the driving magnet  130  may be bisected into planes perpendicular to an optical axis. 
     The driving magnet  130  may be configured into a cuboid having a constant width and may be seated in the magnet penetration aperture  141   a  or recess such that a wide surface of the driving magnet  130  constitutes a portion of the side surface of the housing  140 . At this time, the driving magnets  130  facing each other may be installed parallel to each other. In addition, the driving magnets  130  may be arranged to face the coil  120  of the bobbin  110 . At this time, facing surfaces of the driving magnet  130  and the coil  120  of the bobbin  110  may be placed in parallel planes. However, the embodiment is not limited thereto. According to design, only one of the driving magnet  130  and the coil  120  of the bobbin  110  may be formed into a plane and the other one may be formed into a curved plane. Alternatively, both facing surfaces of the coil  120  of the bobbin  110  and the driving magnet  130  may be curved surfaces. At this time, the facing surfaces of the coil  120  of the bobbin  110  and the driving magnet  130  may have the same curvature. 
     As described above, the sensor penetration aperture  141   b  or recess is formed in one side surface of the housing  140 , the position sensor  180  is inserted, placed, or seated in the sensor penetration aperture  141   b , and the position sensor  180  is electrically coupled to one surface of the printed circuit board  170  via soldering. In other words, the printed circuit board  170  may be fixed to, supported by, or disposed at the exterior of the side surface provided with the sensor penetration aperture  141   b  or recess among the four side surfaces  141  of the housing  140 . 
     The position sensor  180  may constitute the displacement sensing unit to determine a first displacement value in the first direction of the bobbin  110 , along with a sensing magnet  190  of the bobbin  110  as described below. To this end, the position sensor  180  and the sensor penetration aperture  141   b  or recess are located at a position corresponding to the position of the sensing magnet  190 . 
     The position sensor  180  may be a sensor that senses variation in magnetic force emitted from the sensing magnet  190  of the bobbin  110 . In addition, the position sensor  180  may be a hall sensor. However, this is given by way of example and the present embodiment is not limited to the hall sensor. Any other sensors capable of sensing variation in magnetic force may be used and any other sensors capable of sensing positions other than magnetic force may be used. For example, a photo reflector may be used. 
     The printed circuit board  170  may be coupled to or disposed at one side surface of the housing  140  and may have the mounting aperture  173  or recess as described above. In this way, the installation position of the printed circuit board  170  may be guided by the mounting protrusion  149  formed at one side surface of the housing  140 . 
     In addition, a plurality of terminals  171  may be arranged at the printed circuit board  170 . The terminals  171  may receive external power and supply current to the coil  120  of the bobbin  110  and the position sensor  180 . The number of the terminals  171  formed at the printed circuit board  170  may be reduced or increased according to the kinds of constituent elements that need to be controlled. According to the present embodiment, the printed circuit board  170  may be a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB). 
     The printed circuit board  170  may include a controller that readjusts the amount of current to be applied to the coil  120  based on the first displacement value sensed by the displacement sensing unit. That is, the controller is mounted on the printed circuit board  170 . In another embodiment, the controller may be mounted on a separate substrate rather than being mounted on the printed circuit board  170 . The separate substrate may be a substrate on which the image sensor of the camera module is mounted, or any one of other substrates. 
     An actuator driving distance may be additionally calibrated based on a hall voltage difference with respect to variation in magnetic flux (i.e. magnetic flux density) detected by the hall sensor. 
     The bobbin  110  is configured to reciprocate in a first axial direction relative to the housing  140  that is fixed in the first axial direction. Auto-focusing is implemented via movement of the bobbin  110  in the first axial direction. 
     The bobbin  110  will be described below in more detail with reference to the annexed drawings. 
     Meanwhile, the upper elastic member  150  and the lower elastic member  160  may elastically support upward movement and/or downward movement of the bobbin  110  in the optical axis direction. The upper elastic member  150  and the lower elastic member  160  may be leaf springs. 
     As exemplarily illustrated in  FIGS.  2  to  4    and  FIGS.  9  and  10   , the upper elastic member  150  and the lower elastic member  160  may respectively include inner frames  151  and  161  coupled to the bobbin  110 , outer frames  152  and  162  coupled to the housing  140 , and connectors  153  and  163  connecting the inner frames  151  and  161  and the outer frames  152  and  162  to each other. 
     The connectors  153  and  163  may be bent at least one time to define a given pattern shape. Through position variation and fine deformation of the connectors  153  and  163 , upward movement and/or downward movement of the bobbin  110  in the optical axis direction, i.e. in the first direction may be flexibly (or elastically) supported. 
     According to the present embodiment, as exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  9   , the upper elastic member  150  has the first through-holes  152   a  formed in the outer frame  152  and a plurality of second through-holes  151   a  formed in the inner frame  151 . 
     The first through-holes  152   a  may be engaged with the upper frame support bosses  144  formed at the upper surface of the housing  140 , and the second through-holes  151   a  or recesses may be engaged with upper support bosses formed at an upper surface of the bobbin  110  as described below. That is, the outer frame  152  is fixed and coupled to the housing  140  using the first through-holes  152   a  and the inner frame  151  is fixed and coupled to the bobbin  110  using the second through-holes  151   a  or recesses. 
     The connectors  153  connect the inner frame  151  and the outer frame  152  to each other such that the inner frame  151  is elastically deformable in the first direction relative to the outer frame  152  within a prescribed range. 
     At least one of the inner frame  151  and the outer frame  152  of the upper elastic member  150  may be provided with at least one terminal unit that is electrically connected to at least one of the coil  120  of the bobbin  110  and the printed circuit board  170 . 
     As exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  10   , the lower elastic member  160  may have the insertion recesses  162   a  or holes formed in the outer frames  162  and a plurality of third through-holes  161   a  or recesses formed in the inner frames  161 . 
     The insertion recesses  162   a  or holes are engaged with the lower frame support bosses  147  formed at a lower surface of the housing  140 , and the third through-holes  161   a  or recesses are engaged with lower support bosses  114  formed at a lower surface of the bobbin  110  as described below. That is, the outer frames  162  are fixed and coupled to the housing  140  using the insertion recesses  162   a  or holes and the inner frames  161  are fixed and coupled to the bobbin  110  using the third through-holes  161   a  or recesses. 
     The connectors  163  connect the inner frames  161  and the outer frames  162  to each other such that the inner frames  161  are elastically deformable in the first direction relative to the outer frames  162  within a prescribed range. 
     The lower elastic member  160 , as exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  10   , may include a first lower elastic member  160   a  and a second lower elastic member  160   b  separated from each other. Through this bisection configuration, the first lower elastic member  160   a  and the second lower elastic member  160   b  of the lower elastic member  160  may receive different polarities of power or different magnitudes of powers. That is, after the inner frames  161  and the outer frames  162  are coupled respectively to the bobbin  110  and the housing  140 , solder balls are provided at both ends of the coil  120  wound around the bobbin  110  and at corresponding positions of the inner frames  161 . By implementing current carrying connection, such as, for example, soldering, at the solder balls, the inner frames  161  and the outer frames  162  may receive different polarities of power or different magnitudes of powers. In addition, the first lower elastic member  160   a  may be electrically connected to one of the ends of the coil  120  and the second lower elastic member  160   b  may be electrically connected to the other end of the coil  120  so as to receive current and/or a voltage from an external source. 
     The upper elastic member  150 , the lower elastic member  160 , the bobbin  110 , and the housing  140  may be assembled with one another via, for example, bonding using thermal fusion and/or an adhesive. At this time, according to an assembly sequence, thermal fusion fixing and adhesive bonding may be sequentially implemented to finish a fixing operation. 
     In an alternative embodiment, the upper elastic member  150  may have a bisection configuration and the lower elastic member  160  may have a unitary configuration. 
     At least one of the inner frames  161  and the outer frames  162  of the lower elastic member  160  may be provided with at least one terminal unit that is electrically connected to at least one of the coil  120  and the printed circuit board  170 . 
     The damper serves as an alleviator that absorbs vibration in the optical axis direction generated during auto-focusing of the lens moving apparatus. The damper is located between a stationary body that is fixed at an original position without movement during auto-focusing of the lens moving apparatus and a movable body configured to move in the optical axis direction during auto-focusing of the lens moving apparatus. The stationary body may be, for example, a cover member, a housing, or a base and the movable body may be, for example, a bobbin or a lens. 
     Although will be described below, the damper may be located between the bobbin and the housing. 
     At this time, the bobbin and the housing include a damping connector to define a receiving space for receiving the damper or an attachment region for attachment of the damper. That is, the damping connector is composed of a portion of the bobbin and a portion of the housing. 
     The damper and the damping connector according to the present invention will be described below in more detail with reference to the annexed drawings. 
       FIG.  11    is a schematic perspective view illustrating the bobbin  110  according to the embodiment,  FIG.  12    is a schematic bottom perspective view illustrating the bobbin  110  according to the embodiment,  FIG.  13    is a schematic exploded perspective view illustrating the bobbin  110  according to the embodiment,  FIG.  14    is a partially enlarged perspective view of  FIG.  13   ,  FIG.  15    is a partially enlarged bottom view of  FIG.  13   ,  FIG.  16    is a schematic partially enlarged perspective view illustrating a receiving recess  117  according to an embodiment, and  FIG.  17    is a schematic longitudinal sectional view illustrating the bobbin  110  according to the embodiment. 
     As exemplarily illustrated in  FIGS.  11  to  17   , the bobbin  110  may be installed in an inner space of the housing  140  so as to reciprocate in the optical axis direction. The coil  120  as described below may be affixed to an outer circumferential surface of the bobbin  110  so as to electromagnetically interact with the driving magnets  130  of the housing  140 . Thereby, the bobbin  110  may reciprocate in the first direction via electromagnetic interaction of the coil  120  and the driving magnets  130 . In addition, the bobbin  110  may be flexibly (or elastically) supported by the upper elastic member  150  and the lower elastic member  160  and moved in the first direction as the optical axis direction so as to perform auto-focusing. 
     Although not illustrated, the bobbin  110  may include a lens barrel (not illustrated) in which at least one lens is received. However, the lens barrel is merely a constituent element and may not be an essential constituent element of the lens moving apparatus. The lens barrel may be coupled inside the bobbin  110  in various manners. For example, female screw-threads may be formed at an inner circumferential surface of the bobbin  110  and male screw-threads corresponding to the female screw-threads may be formed at an outer circumferential surface of the lens barrel such that the lens barrel may be fastened to the bobbin  110  via screwing. However, the embodiment is not limited thereto and, instead of forming screw-threads at the inner circumferential surface of the bobbin  110 , the lens barrel may be directly fixed inside the bobbin  110  via various other methods except for screwing. Alternatively, one sheet of lens may be integrally formed with the bobbin  110  without the lens barrel. The lens coupled to the lens barrel may be one sheet of lens, or two or more lenses may compose an optical system. 
     In addition, a plurality of upper support bosses  113  and a plurality of lower support bosses  114  may protrude from the upper surface and the lower surface of the bobbin  110 . 
     The upper support bosses  113 , as exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  11   , may have a cylindrical shape or a prism shape and serve to couple and fix the inner frame  151  of the upper elastic member  150  to the bobbin  110 . According to the present embodiment, the inner frame  151  of the upper elastic member  150  may be formed with the second through-holes  151   a  or recesses at positions corresponding to the upper support bosses  113 . At this time, the upper support bosses  113  and the second through-holes  151   a  or recesses may be fixed to each other via thermal fusion, or may be fixed to each other using an adhesive member such as, for example, epoxy. In addition, there may be provided a plurality of upper support bosses. At this time, the upper support bosses may be spaced apart from one another by an appropriate distance to prevent interference with nearby constituent elements. That is, the upper support bosses may be symmetrically arranged about the center of the bobbin  110  so as to be spaced apart from one another by a constant distance. Alternatively, the upper support bosses may be symmetrically arranged about a specific virtual line passing through the center of the bobbin  110 , but may not be spaced apart from one another by a constant distance. 
     The lower support bosses  114 , as exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  12   , may have a cylindrical shape or a prism shape and serve to couple and fix the inner frame  161  of the lower elastic member  160  to the bobbin  110 . According to the present embodiment, the inner frame  161  of the lower elastic member  160  may be formed with the third through-holes  161   a  or recesses at positions corresponding to the lower support bosses  114 . At this time, the lower support bosses  114  and the third through-holes  161   a  or recesses may be fixed to each other via thermal fusion, or may be fixed to each other using an adhesive member such as, for example, epoxy. In addition, there may be provided a plurality of lower support bosses  114  as illustrated in  FIG.  12   . At this time, the lower support bosses  114  may be spaced apart from one another by an appropriate distance to prevent interference with nearby constituent elements. That is, the lower support bosses  114  may be symmetrically arranged about the center of the bobbin  110  so as to be spaced apart from one another by a constant distance. 
     In addition, the bobbin  110  is formed at the upper surface and the lower surface thereof with upper escape recesses  112  and lower escape recesses  118  at positions corresponding to the connectors  153  of the upper elastic member  150  and the connectors  163  of the lower elastic member  160 . 
     Through provision of the upper escape recesses  112  and the lower escape recesses  118 , when the bobbin  110  is moved in the first direction relative to the housing  140 , there is no spatial interference between the connectors  153  and  163  and the bobbin  110  and the connectors  153  and  163  may be more easily elastically deformed. In addition, although the upper escape recesses may be located at corners of the housing  140  as in the embodiment, the upper escape recesses may be located at the side surfaces of the housing according to the shape and/or position of the connectors of the elastic member. 
     In addition, although the outer circumferential surface of the bobbin  110  may be provided with a coil seating recess  116  for installation of the coil  120 , only a seating portion may be provided. 
     Although the coil  120  may take the form of a ring-shaped coil block inserted into and coupled to the outer circumferential surface, the coil seating recess  116 , or the seating portion of the bobbin  110 , the embodiment is not limited thereto and the coil  120  may be directly wound around the outer circumferential surface, the coil seating recess  116 , or the seating portion of the bobbin  110 . 
     According to the present embodiment, the coil  120  may have an approximately octagonal shape as exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  13   . This shape corresponds to the shape of the outer circumferential surface of the bobbin  110  and the bobbin  110  may also have an octagonal shape. In addition, at least four sides of the coil  120  may be linear sides and corners connecting the linear sides may be rounded or linearly formed. At this time, the linear sides of the coil  120  may correspond to the driving magnets  130 . In addition, surfaces of the driving magnets  130  corresponding to the coil  120  may have the same curvature as the coil  120 . That is, when the coil  120  has a linear shape, the corresponding surfaces of the driving magnets  130  may be flat formed. When the coil  120  has a curved shape, the corresponding surfaces of the driving magnets  130  may be curved and have the same curvature. In addition, even if the coil  120  is curved, the corresponding surfaces of the driving magnets  130  may be flat surfaces, and vice versa. 
     The coil  120  serves to move the bobbin  110  in the optical axis direction so as to perform auto-focusing. The coil  120  may create electromagnetic force via electromagnetic interaction with the driving magnets  130  upon receiving current, and the created electromagnetic force may move the bobbin  110 . 
     Meanwhile, the coil  120  may be configured to correspond to the driving magnets  130 . When the driving magnets  130  are configured into a unitary body as illustrated such that the entire surfaces of the driving magnets  130  facing the coil  120  have the same polarity, the coil  120  may be configured such that surface portions thereof corresponding to the driving magnets  130  have the same polarity. On the other hand, although not illustrated, in the case where each driving magnet  130  is bisected into planes perpendicular to the optical axis such that a surface thereof facing the coil  120  is divided into two or more sections, the coil  120  may also be divided into a plurality of parts equal in number to the divided sections of the driving magnet  130 . 
     The bobbin  110  includes the sensing magnet  190 , which is included in the displacement sensing unit along with the position sensor  180  of the housing  140  as described above. The sensing magnet  190  is fixed or coupled to, or disposed at the bobbin  110 . In this way, the sensing magnet  190  may be moved in the first direction by the same displacement as the bobbin  110  when the bobbin  110  is moved in the first direction. In addition, the sensing magnet  190  may be configured into a unitary body and disposed such that the top of the bobbin  110  is an N-pole and the bottom of the bobbin  110  is an S-pole. However, the embodiment is not limited thereto and the sensing magnet  190  may be configured in the other way. In addition, the sensing magnet  190  may be bisected into planes perpendicular to the optical axis. 
     Here, as exemplarily illustrated in  FIGS.  13  to  17   , the bobbin  110  may be provided at the outer circumferential surface thereof with the receiving recess  117  for receiving the sensing magnet  190 . 
     The receiving recess  117  may be indented inward of the bobbin  110  from the outer circumferential surface of the bobbin  110  by a prescribed depth. 
     Specifically, the receiving recess  117  is formed in one side of the bobbin  110  such that at least a portion of the receiving recess  117  is located inside the coil  120 . In addition, at least a portion of the receiving recess  117  may be indented inward of the bobbin  110  by a prescribed greater depth than a depth of the coil seating recess  116 . As the receiving recess  117  is indented inward of the bobbin  110 , the sensing magnet  190  may be received in the bobbin  110 . As such, space utility of the bobbin  110  may be improved because it is unnecessary to provide a separate installation space for the sensing magnet  190 . 
     In particular, the receiving recess  117  is located at a position corresponding to a position of the position sensor  180  of the housing  140  (or a position opposite to the position sensor  180 ). In this way, a distance between the sensing magnet  190  and the position sensor  180  includes a thickness of the coil  120  and a distance between the coil  120  and the position sensor  180  or a distance between the coil  120  and the sensing magnet  190  and may have a minimum value, which may enhance the magnetic force sensing precision of the position sensor  180 . 
     The receiving recess  117  has an opening  119  formed in one of the lower surface and the upper surface of the bobbin  110  so as to communicate with the receiving recess  117 . For example, as exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  17   , a portion of the lower surface of the bobbin  110  may be open to form the opening  119  and the opening  119  may define an entrance of the receiving recess  117 . The sensing magnet  190  may be inserted, placed, or fixed through the opening  119  and may be separated through the opening  119 . 
     More specifically, as exemplarily illustrated in  FIGS.  15  to  17   , the receiving recess  117  may include an inner surface for supporting one surface of the sensing magnet  190  and an adhesion recess  117   b  inwardly indented from the inner surface by a prescribed depth so as to allow an adhesive to be injected thereinto. 
     The inner surface of the receiving recess  117  is an inwardly oriented surface toward the center of the bobbin  110 . In the case where the sensing magnet  190  is shaped into a cuboid, a wide surface of the sensing magnet  190  comes into contact with or is seated on the inner surface of the receiving recess  117 . 
     The adhesion recess  117   b  may be formed as a portion of the inner surface is more deeply indented inward of the bobbin  110  toward the center of the bobbin  110 . The adhesion recess  117   b  may be formed from the opening  119  to an inner surface of the bobbin  110  that comes into contact with one surface of the sensing magnet  190 , or on which one surface of the sensing magnet  190  is seated or disposed. 
     As exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  17   , the adhesion recess  117   b  is provided with a first additional recess  117   c  and the first additional recess  117   c  is longer than the sensing magnet  190  in a vertical thickness direction of the bobbin  110 . That is, the first additional recess  117   c  is an extension of the adhesion recess  117   b  that is more deeply indented than one inner surface of the bobbin  110  that comes into contact with a back surface of the sensing magnet  190 , or on which a back surface of the sensing magnet  190  is seated or disposed. Through provision of the first additional recess  117   c , when an adhesive is injected into the adhesion recess  117   b  through the opening  119 , the adhesive begins to be charged into the first additional recess  117   c  to thereby be charged into the adhesion recess  117   b . Therefore, it is possible to prevent the adhesive from overflowing the adhesion recess  117   b  and moving to the coil  120  along a gap between the sensing magnet  190  and the receiving recess  117 , which may reduce the defect rate of the lens moving apparatus  100  during coupling of the sensing magnet  190 . 
     In addition, the adhesion recess  117   b  is further provided with a second additional recess  117   a  having a prescribed depth in an inward direction from the opening  119  to the center of the bobbin  110 . That is, the second additional recess  117   a  is more deeply formed in the vicinity of the opening  119  than the inner surface in an inward direction toward the center of the bobbin  110 . The second additional recess  117   a  is in communication with the adhesion recess  117   b . In other words, the second additional recess  117   a  is an extension of the adhesion recess  117   b . Through provision of the second additional recess  117   a , an adhesive may be injected into the adhesion recess  117   b  through the second additional recess  117   a . Therefore, it is possible to prevent the adhesive from overflowing in the vicinity of the opening  119  and being adhered to other components of the bobbin  110  such as, for example, the coil  120 , which may reduce the defect rate of the lens moving apparatus  100  during coupling of the sensing magnet  190 . 
     In an alternative embodiment, the second additional recess  117   a  may be formed alone in the bobbin  110  without the adhesion recess  117   b . In this case, the bobbin  110  and the sensing magnet  190  may be coupled and fixed to each other as an adhesive is injected into the second additional recess  117   a.    
     The adhesion recess  117   b  may include at least one of the first additional recess  117   c  and the second additional recess  117   a . That is, the adhesion recess  117   b  may include only the first additional recess  117   c  or only the second additional recess  117   a.    
     In an alternative embodiment, a depth between the inner surface of the receiving recess, by which one surface (i.e. a wide surface) of the sensing magnet is supported, and an outer circumferential surface (i.e. a coil seating recess surface) of the receiving recess, around which the coil is wound, may be equal to or less than a thickness of the sensing magnet. In this way, the sensing magnet may be fixed in the receiving recess as the coil inwardly applies pressure thereto during winding thereof. In this case, the adhesive is unnecessary. 
     In an additional embodiment, although not illustrated in the drawings, the bobbin  110  may further include an additional receiving recess  117  formed in the outer circumferential surface thereof at an opposite position symmetrical to the receiving recess  117  about the center of the bobbin  110  and a weight balance member received in the additional receiving recess  117 . 
     That is, the additional receiving recess  117  is formed in the outer circumferential surface of the bobbin  110  and extends in an inward direction of the bobbin  110  by a prescribed depth at an opposite position linearly symmetrical to the receiving recess  117  about the center of the bobbin  110 . In addition, the weight balance member is fixed to and coupled in the additional receiving recess  117  and has the same weight as the sensing magnet  190 . 
     Through provision of the additional receiving recess  117  and the weight balance member, horizontal weight unbalance of the bobbin  110  due to provision of the receiving recess  117  and the sensing magnet  190  may be compensated. 
     The additional receiving recess  117  may include at least one of the adhesion recess  117   b , the first additional recess  117   c  and the second additional recess  117   a.    
       FIG.  18    is a bottom view illustrating the bobbin  110  and the housing  140  according to the embodiment,  FIG.  19    is a schematic longitudinal sectional view illustrating the bobbin,  110 , the housing  140 , and the cover member  300  according to one embodiment,  FIG.  20    is a schematic longitudinal sectional view illustrating the bobbin  110 , the housing  140 , and the cover member  300  according to another embodiment, and  FIG.  21    is a schematic longitudinal sectional illustrating the bobbin  110  and the cover member  300  according to a further embodiment. 
     As exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  18   , dampers  410  are provided between the housing  140  and the bobbin  110 . However, the present embodiment is not limited thereto and the dampers  410  may be provided between the moving body and the stationary body of the lens moving apparatus  100  according to the present embodiment as described above. 
     The dampers  410  serve to attenuate vibration in the first direction (i.e. the optical axis direction) via electromagnetic interaction between the driving magnets  130  and the coil  120 . 
     The dampers  410  are located at both the bobbin  110  and the housing  140  to allow the bobbin  110  to be movable relative to the housing  140  in the first direction within a prescribed range. 
     To this end, the dampers  410  are formed of a photo-curable resin. Specifically, the dampers  410  may be formed of a UV-curable resin and, more particularly, may be formed of UV-curable silicon. 
     The dampers  410  are provided in a semi-cured gel state in order to allow the bobbin  110  to be movable in the optical axis direction within a prescribed range, rather than being completely secured to the housing  140 . 
     Here, to implement semi-curing of the dampers  410 , a space between the bobbin  110  and the housing  140  (i.e. a space in which the dampers  410  are accommodated) and the dampers  410  are exposed to light (or UV) for a given time. 
     In addition, the dampers  410  are provided at a plurality of positions between the housing  140  and the bobbin  110 . In this case, the dampers  410  may be spaced apart from one another by the same angle in a circumferential direction of the housing  140  and the bobbin  110 . This serves to uniformly absorb optical axis directional vibration around the bobbin  110  caused by movement of the bobbin  110  during auto-focusing of the lens moving apparatus  100 , thereby preventing the optical axis directional vibration of the bobbin  110  from being concentrated in a lateral direction. 
     In the case where an even number of dampers  410  are provided, the dampers  410  may be arranged between the bobbin  110  and the housing  140  such that the dampers  410  of each pair are arranged opposite to each other. 
     The bobbin  110  and the housing  140  include damping connectors  420 . In other words, each damping connector  420  is composed of a portion of the bobbin  110  and a portion of the housing  140 . 
     The damping connectors  420  are configured to increase an attachment area of the dampers  410  in order to increase an attenuation area of the dampers  410 . 
     In addition, the damping connectors  420  are configured to allow the dampers  410  to be safely received or fixed between the bobbin  110  and the housing  140 . This is because the dampers  410  are in a liquid state or a semi-liquid state prior to undergoing a semi-curing process and, therefore, when the dampers  410  are introduced between the bobbin  110  and the housing  140 , the dampers  410  have difficulty in remaining at a given position between the bobbin  110  and the housing  140 . 
     Each damping connector  420  is configured such that a portion of the bobbin  110  and a portion of the housing  140  overlap each other within a prescribed spatial range in the plan view of the lens moving apparatus  100 . 
     Specifically, the damping connector  420  includes a damping protrusion  421  formed at one of the bobbin  110  and the housing  140  and a damping receiving recess  423  formed in the other one. 
     That is, the damping protrusion  421  may be formed at the bobbin  110  and the damping receiving recess  423  may be formed in the housing  140 . Alternatively, the damping protrusion  421  may be formed at the housing  140  and the damping receiving recess  423  may be formed in the bobbin  110 . 
     Hereinafter, for clarity of description, the case where the damping protrusion  421  is formed at the bobbin  110  and the damping receiving recess  423  is formed in the housing  140  will be described. 
     A plurality of damping protrusions  421  is formed at one of the bobbin  110  and the housing  140  at positions facing the other one of the bobbin  110  and the housing  140 . That is, assuming that the bobbin  110  and the housing  140  have surfaces facing each other and the facing surface of the bobbin  110  is a first facing surface P 1  and the facing surface of the housing  140  is a second facing surface P 2 , the damping protrusions  421  are formed at the first facing surface P 1  as exemplarily illustrated in  FIGS.  18  to  21   . Of course, in the case where the damping protrusions  421  are formed at the housing  140 , the damping protrusions  421  may be formed at the second facing surface P 2 . 
     The damping protrusions  421  horizontally protrude from the first facing surface P 1  of the bobbin  110  toward the housing  140  or the second facing surface P 2  by a prescribed length. Each damping protrusion  421  may generally take the form of a plate. 
     The damping protrusions  421  have a prescribed thickness. The prescribed thickness of the damping protrusions  421  is less than a height of damping receiving recesses  423  as described below. 
     A plurality of damping receiving recesses  423  is formed in the second facing surface P 2  of the housing  140  at positions corresponding to positions of the damping protrusions  421 . 
     Each of the damping receiving recesses  423  is indented in the second facing surface P 2  so as to receive a portion of the damping protrusion  421  and the damper  410 . That is, the damping receiving recess  423  is indented in the second facing surface P 2  of the housing  140  in an outward direction from the center of the housing  140 . 
     In addition, the damping receiving recess  423  has a prescribed width (i.e. a horizontal left-and-right length) and a prescribed height (i.e. a vertical up-and-down length). At this time, the damping receiving recess  423  is configured such that a prescribed width of the damping receiving recess  423  is greater than a width of the damping protrusion  421  and a prescribed height of the damping receiving recess  423  is greater than a prescribed thickness of the damping protrusion  421 . 
     Describing this differently, the damping receiving recess  423  and the damping protrusion  421  are formed respectively at the housing  140  and the bobbin  110  such that facing surfaces thereof are spaced apart from each other by a prescribed distance. The damper  410  is located, attached, or charged in a receiving space defined by the facing surfaces of the damping receiving recess  423  and the damping protrusion  421  which are spaced apart from each other by a prescribed distance. 
     The damping receiving recess  423  has a stepped portion  423   a , which is delimited by the inner surface of the housing  140  at an upper portion or a lower portion of the housing  140 . For example, in the case where the damping receiving recess  423  is formed in a lower portion of the housing  140 , the stepped portion  423   a  is formed parallel to the lower surface of the housing  140  among the inner surface of the housing  140 . For the same object, in the case where the damping receiving recess  423  is formed in an upper portion of the housing  140 , the stepped portion  423   a  is formed parallel to the upper surface of the housing  140  among the inner surface of the housing  140 . Owing to the stepped portion  423   a , the damper  410  prior to a semi-curing process may remain at a given position in the damping receiving recess  423  of the housing  140  and, accordingly, an operator may stably maintain the damper  410  at a desired position, which may facilitate a final forming process, i.e. a semi-curing process of the damper  410 . 
     The damper  410  is attached to or received in the damping receiving recess  423  so as to surround the entire outer surface of a portion of the damping protrusion  421  by a prescribed thickness. That is, the damper  410  is configured to surround upper and lower surfaces, a front surface and both lateral surfaces of a portion of the damping protrusion  421  received in the damping receiving recess  423 , the stepped portion  423   a  and both lateral surfaces of the damping receiving recess  423 , and a surface of the damping receiving recess  423  facing the front surface of the damping protrusion  421 . 
     As exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  18   , the dampers  410 , the damping protrusions  421 , and the damping receiving recesses  423  are located at corners of the facing surfaces of the bobbin  110  and the housing  140 . In this case, the driving magnets  130  are seated, placed, or fixed at the second facing surface P 2  of the housing  140 . That is, the dampers  410 , the damping protrusions  421 , and the damping receiving recesses  423  are located at surface positions not overlapping with surface positions where the driving magnets  130  are seated. 
       FIGS.  19  to  21    illustrate various embodiments with regard to positions of the damper  410 , the damping protrusion  421 , and the damping receiving recess  423  formed at the bobbin  110  and the housing  140  based on heights thereof from corners of the facing surfaces of the bobbin  110  and the housing  140 . 
     First, as exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  19   , according to one embodiment, the damping protrusion  421  is formed at the lower portion of the bobbin  110  and the damping receiving recess  423  has a greater height than a height of the damping protrusion  421  from an open lower end of the housing  140  (i.e. a beginning portion of the damping receiving recess  423 ). 
     That is, the damping protrusion  421  and the damping receiving recess  423  are formed such that the stepped portion  423   a  of the damping receiving recess  423  is located higher than the upper surface of the damping protrusion  421  by a prescribed height. 
     When an assembly process of the lens moving apparatus  100  is completed in such a situation, the open lower end of the housing  140  and the damper  410  are hermetically sealed by the housing  140  and the upper surface of the base  210  coupled to the lower end of the bobbin  110 . That is, the damper  410  is shield by the upper surface of the base  210  so as not to be outwardly exposed. 
     Accordingly, since a washing process of the lens moving apparatus  100  is implemented in a state in which the damper  410  is shield by the base  210  so as not to be outwardly exposed, the damper  410  may not be affected by a hydraulic pressure of washing liquid, which may surely prevent loss or destruction of the damper  410  due to the washing process of the lens moving apparatus  100 . 
     In addition, as exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  20   , according to another embodiment, the damping protrusion  421  is formed at the upper portion of the bobbin  110  and the damping receiving recess  423  has a less height than a height of the damping protrusion  421  from an open upper end of the housing  140  (i.e. a beginning portion of the damping receiving recess  423 ). 
     That is, the damping protrusion  421  and the damping receiving recess  423  are formed such that the stepped portion  423   a  of the damping receiving recess  423  is located lower than the lower surface of the damping protrusion  421  by a prescribed height. 
     When an assembly process of the lens moving apparatus  100  is completed in such a situation, the open upper end of the housing  140  and the damper  410  are hermetically sealed by the housing  140  and/or a top surface (i.e. an inner ceiling surface) of the cover member  300  coupled to the upper end of the bobbin  110 . That is, the damper  410  is shield by the upper surface of the cover member  300  so as not to be outwardly exposed. 
     Accordingly, since a washing process of the lens moving apparatus  100  is implemented in a state in which the damper  410  is shield by the cover member  300  so as not to be outwardly exposed, the damper  410  may not be affected by a hydraulic pressure of washing liquid, which may surely prevent loss or destruction of the damper  410  due to the washing process of the lens moving apparatus  100 . 
     In addition, as exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  21   , according to another embodiment, the damping protrusion  421  is formed at the first facing surface P 1  of the bobbin  110  at a middle height of the bobbin  110  and the damping receiving recess  423  has a greater height than a height of the damping protrusion  421  from the open lower end of the housing  140 . 
     At this time, the driving coil  120  provided at the bobbin  110  may be wound at the upper and lower sides of the damping protrusion  421  so as to avoid the damping protrusion  421 . 
     In this case, since the damper  410  is deeply located in the bobbin  110  and the housing  140  on the basis of the lower ends of the bobbin  110  and the housing  140 , the damper  410  is substantially not affected by the hydraulic pressure of washing liquid even if a washing process of the lens moving apparatus  100  is implemented in a state in which the open lower end of the housing  140  and the damper  410  are not hermetically sealed by the base  210 . That is, according to the present embodiment, there is no risk of destruction of the damper  410  even if the washing process is implemented prior to coupling the base  210  with the housing  140  and/or the bobbin  110 . 
     Although not illustrated in the drawings, in an alternative embodiment, the damping protrusion  421  may be formed at the first facing surface P 1  of the bobbin  110  at a middle height of the bobbin  110  and may have a lower height than a height of the damping protrusion  421  from the open upper end of the housing  140 . 
     Even in this case, similar to the above-described embodiment, the damper  410  is substantially not affected by the hydraulic pressure of washing liquid even if a washing process of the lens moving apparatus  100  is implemented in a state in which the open upper end of the housing  140  and the damper  410  are not hermetically sealed by the cover member  300 . That is, according to the present embodiment, there is no risk of destruction of the damper  410  even if the washing process is implemented prior to coupling the cover member  300  with the housing  140  and/or the bobbin  110 . 
       FIG.  22    is a schematic bottom side view illustrating the bobbin  110  and the housing  140  according to an additional embodiment. 
     As exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  22   , the damping protrusion  421  and the damping receiving recess  423  may be formed at the facing surfaces of the bobbin  110  and the housing  140 , rather than being formed at corners of the facing surfaces of the bobbin  110  and the housing  140 . 
     In this case, the driving magnets  130  are seated, placed, or fixed at corners of the second facing surface P 2  of the housing  140 . That is, the dampers  410 , the damping protrusions  421  and the damping receiving recesses  423  are formed at surface positions not overlapping with surface positions where the driving magnets  130  are seated. However, the present embodiment is not limited to the above-described positions with respect to a positional relationship between the driving magnets  130  and the dampers  410 . 
     In the case of the present embodiment, similar to the above description with reference to  FIGS.  19  to  21   , the dampers  410 , the damping protrusions  421  and the damping receiving recesses  423  may be formed at the facing surfaces of the bobbin  110  and the housing  140  at various heights according to various embodiments. 
       FIG.  23 A  is a graph illustrating optical axis directional vibration of a conventional lens moving apparatus  100  having no damper  410 ,  FIG.  23 B  is a graph illustrating optical axis directional vibration of the lens moving apparatus  100  according to the present embodiment, and  FIG.  23 C  is a graph illustrating optical axis directional vibration of the lens moving apparatus  100  according to the present embodiment in the case where the dampers  410  are destroyed by a washing process of the lens moving apparatus  100 . 
     In the case where the dampers  410  for auto-focusing of the lens moving apparatus  100  are not provided, as illustrated in the graph of a vibration experimental result during auto-focusing of the lens moving apparatus  100  illustrated in  FIG.  23 A , it can be confirmed that a resonance point or a resonance section (see a red circular mark) at which an amplitude is maximized is generated. 
     Differently, according to the present embodiment, in the case where the dampers  410  for auto-focusing of the lens moving apparatus  100  are provided, as illustrated in the graph of a vibration experimental result during auto-focusing of the lens moving apparatus  100  illustrated in  FIG.  23 B , it can be confirmed that the resonance point or the resonance section, illustrated in the graph of a vibration experimental result during auto-focusing of the lens moving apparatus  100  illustrated in  FIG.  23 A , is removed. 
     However, even in the case of the lens moving apparatus  100  having the dampers  410 , destruction of a portion or the entirety of each damper  410  by the hydraulic pressure of washing liquid may frequently occur during the washing process. Thereby, as illustrated in the graph of a vibration experimental result during auto-focusing of the lens moving apparatus  100  illustrated in  FIG.  23 C , it can be confirmed that a resonance point or a resonance section (see a red circular mark) at which an amplitude is maximized is again generated. 
     In the present embodiment, in order to prevent generation of the resonance point or the resonance section due to loss or destruction of the dampers  410  caused by the washing process, as described above, the damping connectors  420  for safe reception, placement, or fixing of the damper  410  are provided and the dampers  410  and the damping connectors  420  are positioned such that the dampers  410  are hermetically sealed by the base  210  and/or the cover member  300  so as not to be outwardly exposed during the washing process. 
     As described above, in the present embodiment, the dampers are interposed between the bobbin and the housing, thereby attenuating optical axis directional vibration of the bobbin during implementation of auto-focusing. In this way, the present embodiment may prevent resonance of the lens moving apparatus in the optical axis direction during implementation of auto-focusing. As a result, the present embodiment may prevent damage or breakage of the upper elastic member and/or the lower elastic member which connect the bobbin and the housing to each other. 
     In addition, by providing the damping connectors to increase an attachment area of the dampers between the bobbin and the housing, the present embodiment may increase an attenuation area of the dampers, thereby more efficiently removing resonance during implementation of auto-focusing and improving attachment safety of the dampers between the bobbin and the housing. 
     In addition, by providing the dampers between the bobbin and the housing, the present embodiment may prevent the dampers from being outwardly exposed during the washing process of the assembled lens moving apparatus in the manufacture of the lens moving apparatus and, consequently, may prevent destruction of a portion or the entirety of each damper by the hydraulic pressure of washing liquid during the washing process. 
     In addition, a camera module may be constructed by coupling a lens to the lens moving apparatus and providing an image sensor and a printed circuit board on which the image sensor is disposed below the lens moving apparatus. The base of the lens moving apparatus and the printed circuit board on which the image sensor is disposed may be coupled to each other. 
       FIG.  24    is a schematic partially enlarged perspective view illustrating the damper  410  and the damping connector  420  according to one embodiment,  FIG.  25    is a schematic partially enlarged plan view illustrating the damper  410  and the damping connector  420  according to the embodiment, and  FIG.  26    is a schematic partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view illustrating the damper  410  and the damping connector  420  according to the embodiment taken along line A-A of  FIG.  25   . 
     The dampers  410  may be located at a plurality of positions between the inner frame  151  or  161  of at least one elastic member among the upper elastic member and the lower elastic member and the housing  140 . 
     That is, as exemplarily illustrated in  FIGS.  24  to  26   , the dampers  410  may be located between the inner frame  151  of the upper elastic member and the housing  140 . Alternatively, although not illustrated in the drawings, the dampers  410  may be located between the inner frame  161  of the lower elastic member and the housing  140 . Alternatively, the dampers  410  may be located between the inner frame  151  of the upper elastic member and the housing  140  and between the inner frame  161  of the lower elastic member and the housing  140 . 
     Hereinafter, in order to avoid repeated description, as illustrated in the drawings, the following description may be based on the case where the dampers  410  are located between the inner frame  151  of the upper elastic member and the housing  140 . 
     The dampers  410  may serve to attenuate vibration in the first direction (i.e. the optical axis direction) via electromagnetic interaction between the driving magnets  130  and the coil  120 . 
     The dampers  410  may be provided at the bobbin  110  and the housing  140  to allow the bobbin  110  to be movable relative to the housing  140  in the first direction within a prescribed range. 
     To this end, the dampers  410  may be formed of a photo-curable resin. Specifically, the dampers  410  may be formed of a UV-curable resin and, more particularly, may be formed of UV-curable silicon or damping silicon, or damping members. 
     The dampers  410  may be provided in a semi-cured gel state in order to allow the bobbin  110  to be movable in the optical axis direction within a prescribed range rather than being completely secured to the housing  140 . 
     Here, to implement semi-curing of the dampers  410 , a space between the inner frame  151  and the housing  140  (i.e. a space in which the dampers  410  are accommodated) and the dampers  410  are exposed to light (or UV) or heat for a given time. 
     In addition, the dampers  410  may be provided between the housing  140  and the inner frame  151 . In this case, the dampers  410  may be spaced apart from one another by the same angle in a circumferential direction of the housing  140  and the inner frame  151 . This serves to uniformly absorb optical axis directional vibration around the bobbin  110  caused by movement of the bobbin  110  during auto-focusing of the lens moving apparatus  100 , thereby preventing the optical axis directional vibration of the bobbin  110  from being concentrated in a lateral direction. 
     In the case where an even number of dampers  410  are provided, the dampers  410  may be arranged between the inner frame  151  and the housing  140  so as to make a pair, or such that the dampers  410  of each pair face each other. 
     The inner frame  151  and the housing  140  may include the damping connectors  420 . In other words, each damping connector  420  may be composed of a portion of the inner frame  151  and a portion of the housing  140 . 
     The damping connectors  420  may delimit receiving spaces for the dampers  410 . In addition, the damping connectors  420  may be configured to increase an attachment area of the dampers  410  in order to increase an attenuation area of the dampers  410 . 
     In addition, the damping connectors  420  may be configured to allow the dampers  410  to be safely received or fixed between the inner frame  151  and the housing  140 . This is because the dampers  410  are in a liquid state or a semi-liquid state prior to undergoing a semi-curing process and, therefore, when the dampers  410  are introduced between the inner frame  151  and the housing  140 , the dampers  410  have difficulty in remaining at a given position between the inner frame  151  and the housing  140 . 
     The damping connectors  420  may be configured such that a portion of the inner frame  151  and a portion of the housing  140  overlap each other within a prescribed spatial range in the plan view of the lens moving apparatus  100 . 
     Specifically, each damping connector  420  includes a damping protrusion  421  formed at the inner frame  151  and a damping receiving recess  423  formed in the housing  140 . 
     The damping protrusion  421  and the damping receiving recess  423  may be arranged to face each other between the inner frame  151  and the housing  140 . 
     The damping protrusion  421  may be formed at a surface of the inner frame  151  facing the housing  140 . Specifically, assuming that the inner frame  151  of the upper elastic member and the housing  140  have surfaces facing each other and, the facing surface of the inner frame  151  is a first facing surface and the facing surface of the housing  140  is a second facing surface, the damping protrusion  421  may horizontally extend in an outward direction (i.e. toward the inner surface of the housing  140 ) from the first facing surface by a prescribed length as exemplarily illustrated in  FIGS.  24  to  27   . 
     The damping protrusion  421  may generally take the form of a plate. 
     The damping protrusion  421  may have a prescribed thickness. The prescribed thickness of the damping protrusion  421  may be equal to a thickness of the upper elastic member. 
     In addition, the damping protrusion  421  may extend in the same horizontal plane as a horizontal plane of the upper elastic member. 
     A portion of the damping protrusion  421  may be located in the damping receiving recess  423 . At this time, a lower surface of the portion of the damping protrusion  421  may be located higher than a bottom portion  423   a  of the damping receiving recess  423  by a prescribed height. 
     In addition, according to the present embodiment, the damping protrusion  421  may have at least one perforation  421   a . The perforation  421   a  may be perforated in a thickness direction of the damping protrusion  421 . Here, the perforation  421   a  may serve to increase an exposure area of a portion of the damper  410  located below the damping protrusion  421 . Through provision of the perforation  421   a , it is possible to considerably reduce a time required for a semi-curing process for making the damper  410  into a semi-cured get state and, consequently, to reduce the entire manufacture time of the lens moving apparatus. 
     At this time, according to the present embodiment, as exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  24   , the perforation  421   a  may be incised to outwardly open a portion of a free end of the damping protrusion  421 . At this time, preferably, the incised perforation  421   a  may have a semicircular shape. However, this is given by way of example and the present embodiment is not limited to this shape. 
     In addition, according to the present embodiment, the damping protrusion  421  may have lateral extensions  421   b  extending in opposite directions from a free end of the damping protrusion  421 . The lateral extensions  421   b  may horizontally extend toward both side surfaces of the damping receiving recess  423 . 
     At this time, the lateral extensions  421   b  may be arranged such that facing surfaces of the lateral extensions  421   b  and the damping receiving recess  423  or lateral partitions  430  as described below may be spaced apart from each other. 
     The outer frame  152  may have an outwardly bent portion or an outwardly incised portion  425  at a position corresponding to a position of the damping receiving recess  423 . This serves to remove spatial interference between a portion of the damping protrusion  421  and the outer frame  152  since the damping protrusion  421  of the inner frame  151  and the outer frame  152  need to be located in the same horizontal plane and a portion of the damping protrusion  421  needs to be received in the damping receiving recess  423 . 
     A plurality of damping receiving recess  423  may be formed in the second facing surface of the housing  140  at positions corresponding to positions of the damping protrusions  421 . 
     Each damping receiving recess  423  may be indented in the second facing surface so as to receive a portion of the damping protrusion  421  and the damper  410 . That is, the damping receiving recess  423  may be indented in the second facing surface of the housing  140  in an outward direction from the center of the housing  140 . 
     Through provision of the damping receiving recess  423  as described above, when charging the damper  410  in a liquid state prior to undergoing a semi-curing process into between the inner frame  151  and the housing  140 , it is possible to stabilize a position of the damper  140  and to adjust the amount of a material used as the damper  410  so as to correspond to a volume of the damping receiving recess  423 , which may minimize the amount of the material used as the damper  410 . 
     In addition, the damping receiving recess  423  has a prescribed width (i.e. a horizontal left-and-right length) and a prescribed height or depth (i.e. a vertical up-and-down length). At this time, the damping receiving recess  423  is configured such that a prescribed width of the damping receiving recess  423  is greater than a width of the damping protrusion  421  and a prescribed height of the damping receiving recess  423  is greater than a prescribed thickness of the damping protrusion  421 . 
     That is, the damping receiving recess  423  may be formed in the housing  140  at a position corresponding to a position of the damping protrusion  421  by a prescribed depth from the upper surface of the housing  140 . 
     Describing this differently, the damping receiving recess  423  and the damping protrusion  421  are formed at the upper elastic member and the housing  140  such that the facing surfaces of the upper elastic member and the housing  140  are spaced apart from each other by a prescribed distance. The damper  410  is located, attached, or charged in a receiving space defined by the facing surfaces of the upper elastic member and the housing  140  which spaced apart from each other by a prescribed distance. 
     The damping receiving recess  423  may have the bottom portion  423   a  defined by the inner surface of the housing  140 . For example, in the case where the damping receiving recess  423  is formed in a lower portion of the housing  140 , the bottom portion  423   a  may be formed parallel to the lower surface of the housing  140  among the inner surface of the housing  140 . For the same object, in the case where the damping receiving recess  423  is formed in an upper portion of the housing  140 , the bottom portion  423   a  may be formed parallel to the upper surface of the housing  140  among the inner surface of the housing  140 . Owing to the bottom portion  423   a , the damper  410  prior to a semi-curing process may remain at a given position in the damping receiving recess  423  of the housing  140  and, accordingly, an operator may stably maintain the damper  410  at a desired position, which may facilitate a final forming process, i.e. a semi-curing process of the damper  410 . 
     Here, according to the present embodiment, as exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  24   , the bottom portion  423   a  of the damping receiving recess  423  may be downwardly inclined. At this time, both sides of the bottom portion  423   a  may be concavely inclined at an even angle about the center axis of the stepped portion  423   a  as the lowermost point. With this shape, when the damper  410  is charged or introduced into the damping receiving recess  423 , a sufficient amount of the damper  410  may be charged in a region below the center of the damping protrusion  421  where concentrative attenuation is required and, simultaneously, the damper  410  may be more stably maintained at a given position even if it does not yet undergo a semi-curing process. In addition, as described above, the perforation  421   a  may be formed in the free end of the damping protrusion  421 . As such, even if the amount of the damper  410  below the perforation  421   a  (i.e. above the center axis of the damping receiving recess  423 ) is increased, the damper  410  may be exposed to light through the perforation  421   a , which ensures uniform semi-curing of the entire damper  410 . 
     In addition, the damper  410  may be attached to or received in the damping receiving recess  423  so as to surround the entire outer surface of a portion of the damping protrusion  421  by a prescribed thickness. That is, the damper  410  may be configured to surround upper and lower surfaces, a front surface and both lateral surfaces of a portion of the damping protrusion  421  received in the damping receiving recess  423 , the bottom portion  423   a  and both lateral surfaces of the damping receiving recess  423 , and a surface of the damping receiving recess  423  facing the front surface of the damping protrusion  421 . 
     In addition, the housing  140  may include lateral partitions  430  formed at both lateral sides of the damping receiving recess  423  so as to protrude orthogonally from the upper surface of the housing  140 . Through provision of the lateral partitions  430 , when the damper  410  is introduced or charged into the damping receiving recess  423 , it is possible to prevent the damper  410  from overflowing both the lateral sides of the damping receiving recess  423  and moving to other components in the lens moving apparatus  100 . 
     Hereinafter, additional embodiments with respect to various shapes of the damping protrusion  421  will be described in detail. 
       FIG.  27    is a schematic partially enlarged plan view illustrating the damping protrusion  421  according to a first additional embodiment,  FIG.  28    is a schematic partially enlarged plan view illustrating the damping protrusion  421  according to a second additional embodiment,  FIG.  29    is a schematic partially enlarged plan view illustrating the damping protrusion  421  according to a third additional embodiment, and  FIG.  30    is a schematic partially enlarged plan view illustrating the damping protrusion  421  according to a fourth additional embodiment. 
     The perforation  421   a  and the lateral extensions  421   b  as described above will be used below respectively as terms designating the corresponding components. 
     As exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  27   , according to a first additional embodiment, the damping protrusion  421  may include lateral extensions  421   b  extending in opposite directions from the free end thereof and a single perforation  421   a.    
     Here, the perforation  421   a  may take the form of a closed perforation formed in the damping protrusion  421 . For example, the perforation  421   a  may be a circular perforation formed in the damping protrusion  421 . 
     As exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  28   , according to a second additional embodiment, the damping protrusion  421  may include lateral extensions  421   b  extending in opposite directions from the free end thereof and a plurality of perforations  421   a.    
     Here, the perforations  421   a  may have a smaller diameter than the perforation  421   a  according to the first additional embodiment and may be formed at a plurality of positions in the damping protrusion  421 . In addition, the perforations  421   a  may take the form of closed perforations formed in the damping protrusion  421 . For example, the perforations  421   a  may be circular perforations formed in the damping protrusion  421 . 
     With this configuration according to the second additional embodiment, an exposure area of a portion of the damper  410  located below the damping protrusion  421  may be increased, which may result in considerable reduction in exposure time required for a semi-curing process of the damper  410 . 
     In an alternative embodiment, some of the perforations  421   a  may be circular perforations formed in the damping protrusion  421  and some of the perforations  421   a  may be a semicircular perforation formed in the free end of the damping protrusion  421 . 
     In addition, each of the lateral extensions  421   b  may have at least one perforation  421   a . In this way, an exposure area of a portion of the damper  410  located below the damping protrusion  421  may be further increased. 
     Of course, the perforation  421   a  formed in the lateral extension  421   b  may be additionally formed in the damping protrusion  421  as illustrated in  FIGS.  30  and  31   . 
     As exemplarily illustrated in  FIGS.  29  and  30   , according to a third additional embodiment and a fourth additional embodiment, the damping protrusion  421  may have a single perforation  421   a . At this time, in the present embodiments, the damping protrusion  421  does not include the lateral extensions  421   b.    
     In addition, the perforation  421   a  according to the third additional embodiment as illustrated in  FIG.  29    may be a closed perforation formed in the damping protrusion  421 . At this time, the closed perforation may have a circular shape. 
     The perforation  421   a  according to the fourth additional embodiment as illustrated in  FIG.  30    may be formed by incising a portion of the free end of the damping protrusion  421  so as to be outwardly opened. At this time, the incised perforation may have a semicircular shape. 
       FIG.  31    is a schematic longitudinal sectional view illustrating the damping receiving recess  423  according to an additional embodiment. 
     The damping receiving recess  423  according to the embodiment as illustrated in  FIG.  31    may include all of the constituent elements and technical features of the damping receiving recess  423  according to the above-described embodiments. 
     As exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  31   , the damping receiving recess  423  according to the present embodiment may include an inner partition  423   c  formed near the second facing surface so as to vertically protrude from the bottom portion  423   a  of the damping receiving recess  423  by a prescribed height. 
     At this time, the prescribed height of the inner partition  423   c  may be smaller than a height between the lower surface of the damping protrusion  421  and the bottom portion  423   a . This serves to remove spatial interference between the damping protrusion  421  and the inner partition  423   c  via elastic reciprocation of the bobbin  110  in the first direction because the bobbin  110  elastically reciprocates in the first direction while the lens moving apparatus  100  performs auto-focusing. 
     That is, the damping receiving recess  423  may be defined by the bottom portion  423   a , the lateral partitions  430  formed at both lateral sides thereof, the inner surface of the housing  140 , and the inner partition  423   c.    
     Through provision of the inner partition  423   c , when the damper  410  is introduced or charged into the damping receiving recess  423 , it is possible to prevent the damper  410  from overflowing inward of the damping receiving recess  423  (i.e. toward the bobbin  110 ) and moving to other components in the lens moving apparatus  100  and to more stably fix and maintain the damper  410  in position. 
       FIG.  32    is a schematic plan view and a partially enlarged view illustrating the damper  410  and the damping connector  420  according to another embodiment. 
     The damper  410  and the damping connector  420  according to the embodiment of  FIG.  32    may include all of components and technical features of the damper  410  and the damping connector  420  according to the above-described embodiments except for differences in terms of positions thereof. 
     As exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  32   , the damper  410  according to the present embodiment may be located between the connector  153  or  163  of at least one electric member among the upper elastic member and the lower elastic member and the housing  140 . 
     Specifically, the connector  153  or  163  may be bent at least one time between the inner frame  151  or  161  and the outer frame  152  or  162  into a given shape of pattern so as to be elastically deformable in the first direction. The connector may schematically or wholly have a shape in which an “S”-shaped portion is repeated one or more times. 
     According to the present embodiment, the damping connectors  420  may be provided at positions corresponding to positions of the dampers  410 . Each damping connector  420  may be composed of a portion of the connector of the upper elastic member and a portion of the housing  140 . 
     Specifically, the damping protrusion  421  may extend from the outer surface of the connector  153  having a given pattern toward the housing  140 . That is, the damping protrusion  421  may horizontally extend in an outward direction (i.e. toward the housing  140 ) from the outer surface of the outermost bent portion of the connector  153  that is bent one or more times into a given shape of pattern. 
     The damping receiving recess  423  may be located at a position corresponding to the damping protrusion  421 . That is, the damping receiving recess  423  may be located at the housing  140  so as to face the damping protrusion  421 . 
     The damping receiving recess  423  may be indented so as to receive a portion of the damping protrusion  421  and the damper  410 . 
     The damping protrusion  421  and the damping receiving recess  423  according to the present embodiment may include all of constituent elements and technical features of the damping protrusion  421  and the damping receiving recess  423  according to the above-described embodiments with reference to  FIGS.  30  and  31   . 
       FIG.  33 A  is a graph illustrating optical axis directional vibration of the conventional lens moving apparatus having no damper  410 , and  FIG.  33 B  is a graph illustrating optical axis directional vibration of the lens moving apparatus according to the present embodiment. 
     In the case of the conventional lens moving apparatus  100  having no damper  410  for auto-focusing, as illustrated in the graph of a vibration experiment result during auto-focusing of the lens moving apparatus  100  illustrated in  FIG.  33 A , it can be confirmed that a resonance point or a resonance section (see a red circular mark) at which an amplitude is maximized is generated. 
     Differently, according to the present embodiment, in the case where the damper  410  for auto-focusing of the lens moving apparatus  100  is provided, as illustrated in the graph of a vibration experimental result during auto-focusing of the lens moving apparatus  100  illustrated in  FIG.  33 B , it can be confirmed that the resonance point or the resonance section, illustrated in the graph of a vibration experimental result during auto-focusing of the lens moving apparatus  100  illustrated in  FIG.  33 A , is removed. 
     As described above, the present embodiment may attenuate optical axis directional vibration of the bobbin during implementation of auto-focusing by providing the damper between at least one elastic member among the upper elastic member and the lower elastic member and the housing. In this way, the present embodiment may remove resonance of the lens moving apparatus in the optical axis direction during implementation of auto-focusing. As a result, the present embodiment may prevent damage and breakage of the upper elastic member and/or the lower elastic member that connect the bobbin and the housing to each other. 
     In addition, through provision of the damping connectors between the bobbin and the housing to increase an attachment area of the dampers, the present embodiment may increase an attenuation area of the dampers and, consequently, may more efficiently remove resonance during implementation of auto-focusing and improve attachment stability of the dampers between the bobbin and the housing. 
     In addition, the camera module may further include a camera module controller. The camera module controller may compare a focal distance of a lens depending on a distance between an imaging target object and the lens with a first displacement value calculated based on a current variation sensed by the displacement sensor. Thereafter, when the first displacement value or a current position of the lens does not correspond to the focal distance of the lens, the camera module controller may reregulate the amount of current applied to the coil  120  of the bobbin  110  to move the bobbin  110  in the first direction by a second displacement. In the displacement sensor, as the sensing magnet  190  fixedly coupled to the bobbin  110  as a moving body is moved in the first direction, the position sensor  180  fixedly coupled to the housing  140  as a stationary element senses variation in magnetic force emitted from the sensing magnet  190 . Based on variation in the amount of current output according to the sensed variation in magnetic force, the displacement sensor, a separate driver IC or the camera module controller may calculate or judge a current position of the bobbin  110  or the first displacement. As the current position of the bobbin  110  or the first displacement calculated or judged by the displacement sensor is transmitted to the controller of the printed circuit board  170 , the controller may again determine a position of the bobbin  110  for auto-focusing and adjust the amount of current to be applied to the coil  120 . 
     Second Embodiment 
       FIG.  34    is an exploded perspective view illustrating a lens moving apparatus according to another embodiment,  FIG.  35    is a perspective view illustrating the lens moving apparatus having no cover member according to the embodiment,  FIG.  36    is a view illustrating a housing and an upper elastic member according to the embodiment,  FIG.  37    is a side sectional view of  FIG.  36   , and  FIG.  38    is a view illustrating graphic curves acquired during movement of the conventional lens moving apparatus and the lens moving apparatus according to the embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  34  to  37   , the lens moving apparatus according to the present embodiment may basically include a moving unit  100 , a stationary unit  200 , an elastic unit  300 , a damper member  400 , and a position sensing unit  500 . 
     The moving unit  100  may accommodate a lens or a lens unit  10  as described below and is movable. The moving unit  100  may include a bobbin  110  and a coil unit  120 . The lens unit  10  may be accommodated in the bobbin  110 . 
     Specifically, the bobbin  110  may be coupled to the lens unit  10  as described below so as to fix the lens unit  10 . Although the lens unit  10  and the bobbin  110  may be coupled to each other via screwing of threads formed at an inner circumferential surface of the bobbin  110  and an outer circumferential surface of the lens unit  10 , the lens unit  10  and the bobbin  110  may be coupled to each other in a non-screwing manner using an adhesive. Of course, the lens unit  10  and the bobbin  110  may be more firmly coupled to each other by being screwed and attached to each other using an adhesive. 
     In addition, the outer circumferential surface of the bobbin  110  may be provided with a stepped portion  111  to guide winding or installation of the coil unit  120  as described below. The stepped portion  111  may be continuously formed at the outer circumferential surface of the bobbin  110 , or may be formed at the center of each side surface of the bobbin  110  as illustrated. Alternatively, the stepped portion may be configured to support the coil unit so as to allow a prefabricated coil winding to be fitted around an upper portion or a lower portion of the outer circumferential surface of the bobbin  110 . 
     In addition, the bobbin  110  may be provided at an upper surface and/or a lower surface thereof with one or more coupling bosses  112  for coupling of an upper elastic member  310  and/or a lower elastic member  320 . The upper elastic member  310  and/or the lower elastic member  320  serve to support the bobbin  110  at the upper side of a base  240  as described below. 
     The bobbin  110  may have a first recess  113  indented in the side surface thereof or defined by the stepped portion  111 . A sensing magnet  510  as described below is located in the first recess  113 . In addition, the bobbin  110  may be provided at the upper surface thereof with one or more protrusions  114  formed in the proximity of connectors  310   c  of the upper elastic member  310  as described above. In a plan view, the protrusions  114  may have a rectangular, triangular, circular, or trapezoidal shape, without being limited thereto. 
     The first coupling bosses  112  or the protrusions  114  may be equidistantly or symmetrically formed at the upper surface of the bobbin  110 . In the present embodiment, four pairs of the coupling bosses  112  (each pair including two coupling bosses  112 ) may be formed and four protrusions  114  may be equidistantly or symmetrically formed. 
     The coil unit  120  may be located around the bobbin  110 . Specifically, the coil unit  120  may be wound around the outer circumferential surface of the bobbin  110  under guiding of the stepped portion  111  of the bobbin  110 . The coil unit  120  as a prefabricated coil winding may be mounted to the stepped portion  111 . 
     Alternatively, four individual coils may be arranged at the outer circumferential surface of the bobbin  110  at an interval of 90 degrees. The coil unit  120  including the four coils may create an electromagnetic field upon receiving power applied from a printed circuit board (not illustrated) as described below and move the bobbin  110  via interaction with a magnet unit  230  as described below. 
     The stationary unit  200  may include a housing  220 , a magnet unit  230 , and a base  240  and may further include a cover member  210 . The cover member may serve as a housing. The moving unit  100  may be moved via interaction between the magnet unit of the stationary unit  200  and the coil unit of the moving unit  100 . 
     The housing  220  may be outwardly spaced apart from the bobbin  110  by a prescribed distance. In addition, the housing  220  may not be separately provided, but be integrally formed with the cover member  210  as described below. Alternatively, the external appearance of the lens moving apparatus may be defined by only a separate cover member. 
     In the present embodiment, the housing  220  may be supported by the base  240  and configured to receive the bobbin  110  therein. The housing  220  may take the form of a cuboid corresponding to a shape of the cover member  210  and have open top and bottom sides to support the moving unit  100 . 
     The housing  220  may be provided at side surfaces thereof with magnet coupling apertures  221  or magnet coupling recesses having a shape corresponding to magnets as described below. The magnet coupling apertures  221  may be formed in the housing  220  so as to be equal in number to the magnets as described below. The magnet coupling apertures  221  or the magnet coupling recesses according to the embodiment may be formed in two opposite side surfaces of the housing  220  as illustrated in consideration of the sensing magnet  510  as described below, but may be formed in all of four side surfaces of the housing  220 . 
     In addition, the housing  220  may be formed of an insulating material and may be an injection molded article in consideration of productivity. 
     The housing  220  may be provided at an upper surface thereof with at least two stoppers  222  spaced apart from each other by a prescribed distance. The stoppers  222  may protrude from the upper surface of the housing  220  to absorb external shock. The stoppers  222  may be integrally formed with the housing  220 , may be formed at the bobbin  110 , or may be omitted. 
     In addition, the housing  220  may be provided at the upper surface and/or a lower surface thereof with one or more second coupling bosses  223 . The second coupling bosses  223  may be inserted into second coupling holes  310   aa  of an outer part  310   a  of the upper elastic member  310  or the lower elastic member  320  as described below. For example, four second coupling bosses  223  may be equidistantly formed at symmetrical or asymmetrical positions. 
     The housing  220  may have fixing bosses  224 , which may protrude from the housing  220  so as to be located at both ends of a reduced-thickness portion  310   ab  for fixing of the reduced-thickness portion  310   ab  formed at the outer part  310   a  of the upper elastic member  310  as described below. 
     Referring to  FIG.  37   , the housing  220  may be provided at the upper surface thereof with one or more receiving recesses  225  in which damper members  400  as described below are charged by a prescribed height. For example, four receiving recesses  225  may be equidistantly arranged at symmetrical or asymmetrical positions. Here, the receiving recesses  225  may be formed in the center of each side of the housing  220  as illustrated, or may be formed at each corner of the housing  220 . 
     In addition, the housing  220  may be provided at one side surface thereof with a position sensor hole  227  or a second recess (not shown) in which a position sensor  520  as described below is located. In consideration of an installation relationship between a substrate  530  and the position sensor  520 , the position sensor  520  may be installed to the position sensor hole  227  formed in the side surface as illustrated. The position sensor may be a hall sensor. 
     In addition, the housing  220  may be formed at a lower end of each corner of the outer surface thereof with a coupling recess  226  in which a coupling protrusion  241  of the base  240  as described below may be seated. The coupling protrusion  241  and the coupling recess  226  may facilitate easy assembly of the housing  220  and the base  240  and achieve strong fixing force. 
     The housing  220  may be spaced apart from the cover member  210  by a given distance, or may be engaged with the cover member  210 . The bobbin  110  may be moved in the optical axis direction via interaction of the coil unit  120  and a magnet unit  230 . 
     The magnet unit  230  may be mounted to the housing  220  or the cover member  210  using, for example, an adhesive, so as to be opposite to the coil unit  120 . The magnet unit  230  may include two or four magnets fitted into the magnet coupling apertures  221  formed in the housing  220 , which ensure efficient utilization of the interior volume of the housing  220 . 
     Alternatively, the two or four magnets of the magnet unit  230  may be attached to two or four inner side surfaces of the housing  220  so as to be opposite to the coil unit  120 . 
     Although the magnets of the magnet unit  230  may have a rectangular parallelepiped shape as illustrated, the embodiment is not limited thereto and the magnets may have a polygonal column shape. 
     The base  240  may be configured to allow the housing  220  to be fixed to an upper surface thereof. Specifically, the base  240  may be coupled to the cover member  210  as described below so as to enclose the moving unit  100  and the housing  220 . 
     A through-hole  242  is formed in the center of the base  240  and corresponds to the lens unit  10  as described below. In addition, the base  240  may have a center circular recess  243  to allow the bobbin  110  to be spaced apart from the base  240 . 
     In addition, the base  240  may have one or more coupling protrusions  241  protruding from upper corners thereof so as to come into surface contact with or be inserted into the coupling recesses  226  of the housing  220 . The coupling protrusions  241  may facilitate easy coupling of the housing  220  and the base  240  and achieve strong fixing after coupling. 
     The base  240  may be formed at one side surface thereof with a seating recess  244  in which a terminal unit  531  of the substrate  530  as described below is seated. The seating recess  244  may be indented in at least one side surface of the base  240 . In addition, the seating recess  244  may be formed at a right angle or an acute angle relative to the inner surface of the cover member  210  as described below so as to correspond to the arrangement angle of the terminal unit  531 . 
     The base  240  may function as a sensor holder to protect an image sensor (not illustrated) as described below, and a filter (not illustrated) may be installed to the base  240 . In this case, the filter may be mounted near the center through-hole of the base  240  and may include an infrared filter or a blue filter. 
     Here, the filter may be formed of, for example, a film material or a glass material. For example, an infrared cutoff coating material may be disposed on an optical filter in the form of a flat plate such as, for example, a cover glass for protection of an imaging surface. 
     In the case where the filter is installed at the outer side of a lens, the filter may not be separately provided and the lens surface may be coated for infrared cutoff. 
     Meanwhile, the lens moving apparatus according to the embodiment may further include the elastic unit  300 . 
     The elastic unit  300  may include an upper elastic member  310  and a lower elastic member  320  connected to the bobbin  110  and the housing  220  to provide the moving unit  100  with return force. Although each of the upper elastic member  310  and the lower elastic member  320  may consist of separate elastic members arranged at respective sides of the housing  220 , each elastic member may take the form of a leaf spring formed by bending or cutting a single plate in terms of production efficiency. 
     The upper elastic member  310  is disposed on the upper ends of the bobbin  110  and the housing  220  to support the bobbin  110  and serves to provide the bobbin  110  with return force upon upward movement of the bobbin  110 . 
     The upper elastic member  310  includes an outer part  310   a  fastened to the housing  220 , an inner part  310   b  fastened to the bobbin  110 , and connectors  310   c  connecting the inner part  310   b  and the outer part  310   a  to each other. Here, each connector  310   c  may be at least one bent portion. 
     For coupling of the upper elastic member  310 , the housing  220  may be provided at the upper surface thereof with the second coupling bosses  223  and the outer part  310   a  may be formed with the second coupling holes  310   aa  corresponding to the second coupling bosses  223  for coupling of the second coupling bosses  223 . 
     On the other hand, for coupling of the upper elastic member  310 , the bobbin  110  may be provided at the upper surface thereof with the first coupling bosses  112  and the inner part  310   b  may be formed with first coupling holes  310   ba  corresponding to the first coupling bosses  112 . Coupling between the coupling bosses and the coupling holes may be implemented via thermal fusion, adhesion or soldering. 
     In addition, the inner part  310   b  of the upper elastic member  310  may be formed with shock-absorbing portions  310   bb , which extend to the outer part  310   a  and are received in the respective receiving recesses  225 . Although the shock-absorbing portions  310   bb  may have a bent shape, the embodiment is not limited to this shape and the shock-absorbing portions  310   bb  may have any other shapes so long as they may extend from the inner part  310   b  so as to be received in the receiving recesses  225 . A free end of each shock-absorbing portion  310   bb  may be spaced apart from the bottom surface of the receiving recess  225  by a prescribed distance. In this case, a portion of the free end may be elastically received in the damper member  400  as described below. 
     The outer part  310   a  may have the reduced-thickness portions  310   ab  to prevent interference with the shock-absorbing portions  310   b  extending from the inner part  310   b . The reduced-thickness portions  310   ab  may be supported by the fixing bosses  224  of the housing  220  as described above. 
     The embodiment may include the position sensing unit  500 . The position sensing unit  500  may basically include a sensing magnet  510 , a position sensor  520 , and a substrate  530 . The position sensor may be a hall sensor. The substrate  530  may be implemented into a flexible printed circuit board located between the outer surface of the housing  220  and the cover member  210  and may include the terminal unit  531  for connection with an external power source. 
     In this case, the terminal unit  531  may extend downward, i.e. toward the base for soldering with a separate printed circuit board as described below. 
     In addition, the substrate  530  may be electrically connected to both distal ends of the coil unit  120  to apply power to the coil unit  120 . 
     The position sensor  520  may be mounted to the substrate  530 . Specifically, the position sensor  520  may be located at the housing  220  so as to be opposite to the sensing magnet  510  for sensing the strength and phase of a magnetic field of the sensing magnet  510  located at the bobbin  110  and may cause auto-focusing for rapid and precise control of the bobbin  110 . 
     In consideration of a reduction in the size of the lens moving apparatus, although the position sensor  520  may be located in the position sensor hole  227  formed in the housing  220 , the embodiment is not limited thereto and installation of the position sensor  520  may be implemented without a hole. In addition, the sensing magnet  510  may be located in the first recess  113  formed in the bobbin  110  and a portion of the substrate  530  where the terminal unit  531  is formed may be located in the seating recess  244  of the base  240 . 
     The position sensor  520  may be located at the same line as the sensing magnet  510 . In order to sense displacement along the Z-axis corresponding to the optical axis direction, the sensing magnet  510  may be mounted to the outer surface of the bobbin  110  separately from the magnet unit  230  for driving of the moving unit  100 . As needed, the sensing magnet  510  may serve as the magnet unit. 
     On the other hand, differently from the illustration, the position sensor  520  may be provided at the bobbin  110  inside the coil unit  120 . In this case, the position sensor  520  may be hidden by the coil unit  120  so as not to be seen from the outside. In addition, the position sensor  520  may be located at the outer side of the coil unit  120 . 
     In addition, the sensing magnet or the position sensor may be located above or below the coil unit so as not to overlap with the coil unit. In this case, interference with the coil may be reduced. Although the position sensor  520  may be located closer to the coil unit  120  than the sensing magnet  510 , in consideration of the fact that the strength of the magnetic field created at the sensing magnet  510  is hundreds of times of the strength of a magnetic field created at the coil, the electro-magnetic field of the coil unit  120  is not under consideration upon sensing of movement of the sensing magnet  510 . 
     The cover member  210  may be coupled to the base  240  so as to receive the moving unit  100 , the fixing unit  200  and the elastic unit  300  and may define the external appearance of the lens moving apparatus. As illustrated, although the cover member  210  may have a rectangular parallelepiped shape having an upper opening  211  and a lower opening, the shape of the cover member  210  is not limited thereto. 
     An inner side surface of the cover member  210  may come into close contact with a side portion of the base  240  such that the bottom of the cover member  210  is closed by the base  240 . As such, the cover member  210  may function to protect internal constituent elements from external shock and to prevent infiltration of outside contaminants. 
     In addition, the cover member  210  may function to protect constituent elements of the camera module from interference of external radio waves generated by a cellular phone and the like. Accordingly, the cover member  210  may be formed of a metal material such as iron and aluminum and may be plated with a metal such as nickel for anti-corrosion. 
     Although not illustrated, a portion of one surface of the cover member  210  corresponding to the seating recess  244  of the base  240  may be exposed. The exposed portion may facilitate easy soldering of the terminal unit  531  and the printed circuit board as described below and prevent short-circuit of the cover member  210  due to solder balls. In addition, a downwardly bent inner yoke  212  may be formed at the inner circumference of the opening  211  formed in the upper surface of the cover member  210 . The inner yoke may be located between the bobbin  110  and the coil unit  120 . 
     Meanwhile, the embodiment may include the damper members  400  located between the housing  220  and the elastic unit  300  and/or between the bobbin  110  and the elastic unit  300 . The damper members  400  may be formed of sol or gel type epoxy and may be applied between the housing  220  and the elastic unit  300  and/or between the bobbin  110  and the elastic unit  300  so as to absorb shock. 
     Specifically, the bobbin  110  is moved in the optical axis direction and this movement is for auto-focusing of an object. The inner part  310   b  of the upper elastic member  310  is elastically deformed simultaneously with movement of the bobbin  110  and provides return force after movement of the bobbin  110  in which the lens unit  10  is received. Here, in the embodiment, since the shock-absorbing portion  310   bb  extends from the inner part  310   b  and the free end of the shock-absorbing portions  310   bb  is spaced apart from the damper member  400  applied to the housing  220  of the fixing unit  200  by a prescribed distance, translation of the elastic member may be alleviated. In the embodiment, to efficiently apply the damper member  400 , the housing  220  has the receiving recess  225 , the damper member  400  is charged in the receiving recess  225  with a prescribed distance therebetween, and the shock absorbing portion  310   bb  coming into contact with the damper member  400  is spaced apart from the bottom surface of the receiving recess  225  by a prescribed distance. 
     Meanwhile, separately from or in combination with the above embodiment (between the housing  220  and the elastic unit  300 ), in another embodiment (between the bobbin  110  and the elastic unit  300 ), in order to be connected to the inner part  310   b  so as to alleviate translation of the connector  310   c  that is elastically formed simultaneously with movement of the bobbin  110 , the protrusion  114  may be formed at the upper surface of the bobbin  110  of the moving unit  100  at a position in the proximity of the connector  310   c  and the damper member  400  may be applied between the connector portion  310   c  and the protrusion  114 . 
     With the above-described structural feature for arrangement of the damper member  400 , an experimental example as illustrated in  FIG.  38    may be derived.  FIG.  38 ( a )  illustrates generation of a resonance point in a conventional lens moving apparatus and  FIG.  38 ( b )  illustrates a graph illustrating a frequency value upon movement of the lens moving apparatus according to the embodiment. 
     As illustrated in the graph of  FIG.  38 ( b ) , the embodiment may remove peaks P 1  and P 2  of a resonance frequency according to the related art, i.e. resonance points P 1  and P 2  as illustrated in the graph of  FIG.  38 ( a ) . 
     By adjusting the amount or application area of the damper member  400 , the embodiment may increase a resonance frequency and, for example, a regulated resonance frequency may be within a range of 50 Hz to 180 Hz so as not to overlap with a resonance frequency range of a vibration motor. 
     For example, by proposing a structure for efficiently arranging the damper member  400  at the elastic member, the moving unit  100  and/or the fixing unit  200 , the embodiment may increase durability and reliability of the damper member  400  by preventing separation of the damper member  400  and may achieve noise removal, improved control stability and oscillation removal with regard to driving of the lens moving apparatus by changing the shape of a frequency or a resonance point. It will be appreciated that the embodiment has been described with regard to an auto focusing type lens moving apparatus, the embodiment may be applied to an optical image stabilization (OIS) type lens moving apparatus. 
     Meanwhile, the lens moving apparatus according to the embodiment may be mounted to a camera module. The camera module may be applied to various multimedia products such as, for example, a cellular phone, a laptop computer, a camera phone, a PDA, and a smart toy and may also be applied to image input devices such as, for example, a monitoring camera or an information terminal of a video tape recorder. For example, in the case where the lens moving apparatus according to the embodiment is installed to the camera module, although the camera module is not illustrated, the lens unit  10 , the printed circuit board, and the image sensor may be further provided. 
     The lens unit  10  may be a lens barrel without being limited thereto and may have any other shapes so long as it may support a lens. The embodiment will be described based on the case in which the lens unit  10  is a lens barrel. 
     The lens unit  10  is installed on the printed circuit board as described below at a position corresponding to the image sensor. The lens unit  10  includes one or more lenses. 
     In addition, the camera module according to the embodiment may further include the printed circuit board. The printed circuit board may be provided at the center of an upper surface thereof with the image sensor (not illustrated) and a variety of elements (not illustrated) for driving of the camera module. 
     In addition, to apply power required to drive the lens moving apparatus according to the embodiment, the printed circuit board may be connected to the terminal unit  531 , the upper elastic member  310  or the lower elastic member  320 , or may be electrically connected to the coil unit  120 . 
     The image sensor (not illustrated) may be mounted at the center of the upper surface of the printed circuit board so as to be aligned with the lenses of the lens unit  10  along the optical axis direction. The image sensor converts optical signals with respect to an object received through the lenses into electric signals. 
     Although embodiments have been described with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles of this disclosure. More particularly, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure, the drawings and the appended claims. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, alternative uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.