Patent Publication Number: US-2021178680-A1

Title: Moveable Molding Assembly for Use with Additive Manufacturing

Description:
FIELD 
     The present disclosure relates generally to additive manufacturing, and more particularly to systems and methods for additive manufacturing that include moveable molds to improve the surface finish of the final product. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Various manufacturing methods may be used to manufacture large components. For example, common manufacturing methods for manufacturing large components may include casting or welding. Casting is a manufacturing process in which a liquid material is usually poured into a mold having a hollow cavity of the desired shaped. The liquid material is then allowed to cure. Though the parts may be formed quickly and easily with a decent deposition rate, such methods require expensive molds which are difficult to modify. In addition, the shape of the part is restricted and the final parts are heavy. 
     Welding manufacturing processes for forming large components require joining materials together via welds to form the final part. Welding provides lower deposition rates than casting but may produce lighter parts. Further, the base materials used for welding are typically steel plates that must be forged, worked, folded, bended, beveled, etc. and then joined via a plurality of welds. As such, welding can also be a time-consuming process. 
     More modern manufacturing processes include additive manufacturing, which refers to the process by which digital three-dimensional (3D) design data is used to build up a component in layers by depositing material. There are a number of different technologies used in metal additive manufacturing systems. Such systems are generally classified by the energy source used or the method in which the material is being joined, e.g. via a binder, laser, heated nozzle, etc. Classification of the process is also possible based on the group of materials being processed, such as plastics, metals, or ceramics, as well as the feedstock state (e.g. powder, wire, sheet, or liquid). 
     More specifically, in powder-fed directed energy deposition, a high power laser is used to melt metal powder supplied to the focus of the laser beam. A hermetically sealed chamber filled with inert gas or a local inert shroud gas is often used to shield the melt pool from atmospheric oxygen for better control of material properties. The process can not only fully build new metal parts but can also add material to existing parts for example for coatings, repair, and hybrid manufacturing applications. 
     In metal wire additive manufacturing processes (i.e. laser-based wire feed systems, such as Laser Metal Deposition Wire), feed wire is thread through a nozzle and melted by a laser using inert gas shielding in either an open environment (gas surrounding the laser), or in a sealed chamber. Electron beam freeform fabrication uses an electron beam heat source inside a vacuum chamber. In such systems, the feed wire is used to build the component using successive weld beads, one above the other. 
     In additive manufacturing, an important limitation of the process is the deposition rate. Currently, the additive manufacturing process having the highest deposition rate is with the wire systems. As such, metal wire additive manufacturing processes have many advantages versus others manufacturing processes (such as casting), but can create components with a poor surface finish, which is not ideal for the fatigue life thereof. 
     Thus, the present disclosure is directed to a moveable molding assembly that can be used with additive manufacturing systems that utilize a wire system so as to create a final product having a desirable surface finish. 
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION 
     Aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the following description, or may be obvious from the description, or may be learned through practice of the invention. 
     In one aspect, the present disclosure is directed to an additive manufacturing system for producing a component. The additive manufacturing system includes a substrate, a nozzle mounted relative to the substrate for depositing a material onto the substrate, a curing system for curing the material on the substrate, and a moveable molding assembly. As such, the cured material builds up on the substrate to form the component using successive layers atop each other. Further, the moveable molding assembly is arranged on an exterior surface of the successive layers. Thus, the moveable molding assembly is configured to move with the nozzle so as to mold the material before the material has cured. Accordingly, the moveable molding assembly is configured to provide a desired surface finish without having to further machine the final component after the part has cured. 
     In one embodiment, the moveable molding assembly(s) may be mounted to the nozzle. In another embodiment, the moveable molding assembly may include a first mold and a second mold. Thus, the first and second molds may be arranged on opposing sides of the component so as to laterally limit the melted material. 
     In further embodiments, the molds of the moveable molding assembly may be constructed of ceramic, plastic, metal, a magnetic material, and/or another other suitable material. In yet another embodiment, the moveable molding assembly(s) may include a roller or a sliding plate. Alternatively, the moveable molding assembly may operate without contact, e.g. using pressurized air, magnetic repulsion, or similar. 
     In additional embodiments, the moveable molding assembly may also include various features to assist in providing the desired surface finish. For example, the moveable molding assembly may include a cooling system to assist in curing the component after the melted material has been limited as desired. Further, the moveable molding assembly may include a non-stick system to prevent the mold from sticking to the layers of melted material. 
     In several embodiments, the additive manufacturing system may include one or more sensors for monitoring of the exterior surface of the layers. In such embodiments, the moveable molding assembly is configured to move based on the monitoring. 
     In particular embodiments, the moveable molding assembly may be placed in a predetermined location with respect to the material. For example, the predetermined location may include forward, beside, or aft of the distal end. 
     In certain embodiments, the material may include powder, a wire, and combinations thereof. In addition, the curing system may include a laser generator, an electron gun, a plasma generator, a cold spray system, an arc welding system, or any other suitable system for curing the material. 
     For example, in one embodiment, the wire may be moveably positioned through the nozzle and arranged adjacent to the substrate. In such embodiments, the curing system is configured to melt a distal end of the wire as the distal end of the wire is fed through the nozzle. Thus, the melted wire may be used to build up the component using successive layers atop each other. 
     In additional embodiments, the wire may be melted by the laser using inert gas shielding in either an open environment or in a sealed chamber. 
     In further embodiments, the component may include a wind turbine component, including but not limited to a rotor, a nacelle, a tower, a blade root section, a blade tip section, a spar cap, a shear web, a rotor blade panel, and/or another other wind turbine component. More specifically, in such embodiments, the rotor blade panel may include a pressure side surface, a suction side surface, a trailing edge, a leading edge, or combinations thereof. 
     In another aspect, the present disclosure is directed to a method for producing a component via additive manufacturing. The method includes arranging a nozzle of the additive manufacturing system relative to a substrate thereof. Further, the method includes feeding a material through the nozzle and onto the substrate. Moreover, the method includes melting the material as the material is fed through the nozzle. In addition, the method includes building up the component using successive layers of the melted material. Further, the method includes molding the melted material while still in a semi-solid state so as to provide a desired surface finish of the component. It should also be understood that the method may further include any of the additional steps and/or features as described herein. 
     In yet another aspect, the present disclosure is directed to a method for producing a wind turbine component via additive manufacturing. The method includes feeding a distal end of a wire through a nozzle and onto a substrate. The method also includes melting, via a laser, the distal end of the wire as the distal end is fed through the nozzle. Further, the method includes building up the component using successive layers of the melted wire. In addition, the method includes limiting flow of the melted wire while still in a semi-solid state so as to provide a desired surface finish of the wind turbine component. It should also be understood that the method may further include any of the additional steps and/or features as described herein. 
     These and other features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with reference to the following description and appended claims. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       A full and enabling disclosure of the present invention, including the best mode thereof, directed to one of ordinary skill in the art, is set forth in the specification, which makes reference to the appended figures, in which: 
         FIG. 1  illustrates a perspective view of one embodiment of a wind turbine according to the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 2  illustrates a perspective view of one embodiment of a rotor blade of a wind turbine according to the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 3  illustrates an exploded view of the modular rotor blade of  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 4  illustrates a schematic diagram of one embodiment of an additive manufacturing system according to the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 5  illustrates a schematic diagram of another embodiment of an additive manufacturing system according to the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 6  illustrates a schematic diagram of still another embodiment of an additive manufacturing system according to the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 7  illustrates a schematic diagram of yet another embodiment of an additive manufacturing system according to the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 8  illustrates a schematic diagram of a further embodiment of an additive manufacturing system according to the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 9  illustrates a schematic diagram of an additional embodiment of an additive manufacturing system according to the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 10  illustrates a detailed, schematic diagram of one embodiment of an additive manufacturing system according to the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 11  illustrates a front view of one embodiment of a component being produced via an additive manufacturing system having a molding assembly according to the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 12  illustrates a detailed, front view of one embodiment of a component being produced via an additive manufacturing system having a molding assembly according to the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 13  illustrates a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a controller of an additive manufacturing system according to the present disclosure; and 
         FIG. 14  illustrates a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for producing a component via an additive manufacturing system according to the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Reference now will be made in detail to embodiments of the invention, one or more examples of which are illustrated in the drawings. Each example is provided by way of explanation of the invention, not limitation of the invention. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. For instance, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment can be used with another embodiment to yield a still further embodiment. Thus, it is intended that the present invention covers such modifications and variations as come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents. 
     Generally, the present disclosure is directed to methods for manufacturing components using additive manufacturing that have an improved surface finish. More specifically, the present disclosure includes a system having a moveable or tracking molding assembly that follows the welding nozzle. As such, the molding assembly molds the deposited material when still in a semi-solid state. For example, in certain embodiments, the molding assembly is configured to laterally limit the molten material so as to improve the surface roughness and provide improved control of the wall thickness of the component. 
     Thus, the systems and methods described herein provide many advantages not present in the prior art. For example, the systems and methods of the present disclosure provide the ability to easily manufacture large components. More specifically, in certain embodiments, the systems and methods of the present disclosure may be particularly useful in manufacturing wind turbine components. In addition, the present disclosure provides a high level of automation, faster throughput, and reduced tooling costs and/or higher tooling utilization. 
     Referring now to the drawings,  FIG. 1  illustrates a perspective view of one embodiment of a wind turbine  10  according to the present disclosure. The wind turbine  10  of  FIG. 1  is provided as an example system that can benefit from wire feed additive manufacturing systems and moveable molds as described herein so as to manufacture the various components thereof. Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that  FIG. 1  is not meant to be limiting and is provided for illustrative purposes only. In other words, the systems and methods of the present disclosure can be applied in any suitable technology field in addition to wind turbines that requires the manufacturing of components with a smooth surface finish. 
     As shown, the wind turbine  10  includes a tower  12  with a nacelle  14  mounted thereon. A plurality of rotor blades  16  are mounted to a rotor hub  18 , which is in turn connected to a main flange that turns a main rotor shaft. The wind turbine power generation and control components are housed within the nacelle  14 . The view of  FIG. 1  is provided for illustrative purposes only to place the present invention in an exemplary field of use. It should be appreciated that the invention is not limited to any particular type of wind turbine configuration. In addition, the present invention is not limited to use with wind turbines, but may be utilized in any application having rotor blades. 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 2 and 3 , various views of a rotor blade  16  according to the present disclosure are illustrated. As shown, the rotor blade  16  may have a segmented or modular configuration. It should also be understood that the rotor blade  16  may include any other suitable configuration now known or later developed in the art. For example, as shown, the rotor blade  16  may include a pre-formed blade root section  20 , a pre-formed blade tip section  22 , one or more one or more continuous spar caps  48 ,  50 ,  54 ,  56 , one or more shear webs (not shown), an additional structural component  52  secured to the blade root section  20  (e.g. an additional spar cap/shear web), and/or any other suitable structural component of the rotor blade  16 . Further, the blade root section  20  is configured to be mounted or otherwise secured to the rotor  18  ( FIG. 1 ). In addition, as shown in  FIG. 2 , the rotor blade  16  defines a span  23  that is equal to the total length between the blade root section  20  and the blade tip section  22 . As shown in  FIG. 2 , the rotor blade  16  also defines a chord  25  that is equal to the total length between a leading edge  40  of the rotor blade  16  and a trailing edge  42  of the rotor blade  16 . As is generally understood, the chord  25  may generally vary in length with respect to the span  23  as the rotor blade  16  extends from the blade root section  20  to the blade tip section  22 . 
     More specifically, as shown, the spar caps  48 ,  50 ,  54 ,  56  may be configured to be engaged against opposing inner surfaces of the blade segments  21  of the rotor blade  16 . Further, the blade root spar caps  48 ,  50  may be configured to align with the blade tip spar caps  54 ,  56 . Thus, the spar caps  48 ,  50 ,  54 ,  56  may generally be designed to control the bending stresses and/or other loads acting on the rotor blade  16  in a generally span-wise direction (a direction parallel to the span  23  of the rotor blade  16 ) during operation of a wind turbine  10 . In addition, the spar caps  48 ,  50 ,  54 ,  56  may be designed to withstand the span-wise compression occurring during operation of the wind turbine  10 . Further, the spar cap(s)  48 ,  50 ,  54 ,  56  may be configured to extend from the blade root section  20  to the blade tip section  22  or a portion thereof. Thus, in certain embodiments, the blade root section  20  and the blade tip section  22  may be joined together via their respective spar caps  48 ,  50 ,  54 ,  56 . The spar caps  48 ,  50 ,  54 ,  56  may be constructed of any suitable materials, e.g. a thermoplastic or thermoset material or combinations thereof. Further, the spar caps  48 ,  50 ,  54 ,  56  may be pultruded from thermoplastic or thermoset resins. 
     Referring still to  FIGS. 2 and 3 , any number of blade segments  21  having any suitable size and/or shape may be generally arranged between the blade root section  20  and the blade tip section  22  along a longitudinal axis  28  in a generally span-wise direction. Thus, the blade segments  21  generally serve as the outer casing/covering of the rotor blade  16  and may define a substantially aerodynamic profile, such as by defining a symmetrical or cambered airfoil-shaped cross-section. In additional embodiments, it should be understood that the blade segment portion of the blade  16  may include any combination of the segments described herein and are not limited to the embodiment as depicted. In addition, the blade segments  21  may be constructed of any suitable materials, including but not limited to a thermoset material or a thermoplastic material optionally reinforced with one or more fiber materials. More specifically, in certain embodiments, the blade segments  21  may include any one of or combination of the following blade segments: pressure and/or suction side segments ( 30 ,  32 ), leading and/or trailing edge segments ( 24 ,  26 ), a non-jointed segment, a single-jointed segment, a multi jointed blade segment, a J-shaped blade segment, or similar. 
     The thermoplastic rotor blade components and/or materials as described herein generally encompass a plastic material or polymer that is reversible in nature. For example, thermoplastic materials typically become pliable or moldable when heated to a certain temperature and returns to a more rigid state upon cooling. Further, thermoplastic materials may include amorphous thermoplastic materials and/or semi-crystalline thermoplastic materials. For example, some amorphous thermoplastic materials may generally include, but are not limited to, styrenes, vinyls, cellulosics, polyesters, acrylics, polysulphones, and/or imides. More specifically, exemplary amorphous thermoplastic materials may include polystyrene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), glycolised polyethylene terephthalate (PET-G), polycarbonate, polyvinyl acetate, amorphous polyamide, polyvinyl chlorides (PVC), polyvinylidene chloride, polyurethane, or any other suitable amorphous thermoplastic material. In addition, exemplary semi-crystalline thermoplastic materials may generally include, but are not limited to polyolefins, polyamides, fluropolymer, ethyl-methyl acrylate, polyesters, polycarbonates, and/or acetals. More specifically, exemplary semi-crystalline thermoplastic materials may include polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene, polyphenyl sulfide, polyethylene, polyamide (nylon), polyetherketone, or any other suitable semi-crystalline thermoplastic material. 
     Further, the thermoset components and/or materials as described herein generally encompass a plastic material or polymer that is non-reversible in nature. For example, thermoset materials, once cured, cannot be easily remolded or returned to a liquid state. As such, after initial forming, thermoset materials are generally resistant to heat, corrosion, and/or creep. Example thermoset materials may generally include, but are not limited to, some polyesters, some polyurethanes, esters, epoxies, or any other suitable thermoset material. 
     In addition, as mentioned, the thermoplastic and/or the thermoset material as described herein may optionally be reinforced with a fiber material, including but not limited to glass fibers, carbon fibers, polymer fibers, ceramic fibers, nanofibers, metal fibers, or similar or combinations thereof. In addition, the direction of the fibers may include biaxial, unidirectional, triaxial, or any other another suitable direction and/or combinations thereof. Further, the fiber content may vary depending on the stiffness required in the corresponding blade component, the region or location of the blade component in the rotor blade  16 , and/or the desired weldability of the component. 
     As used herein, the terms “pultruded,” “pultrusions,” or similar generally encompass reinforced materials (e.g. fibers or woven or braided strands) that are impregnated with a resin and pulled through a stationary die such that the resin cures or undergoes polymerization. As such, the process of manufacturing pultruded members is typically characterized by a continuous process of composite materials that produces composite parts having a constant cross-section. Thus, the pre-cured composite materials may include pultrusions constructed of reinforced thermoset or thermoplastic materials. Further, the spar caps  48 ,  50 ,  54 ,  56  may be formed of the same pre-cured composites or different pre-cured composites. In addition, the pultruded components may be produced from rovings, which generally encompass long and narrow bundles of fibers that are not combined until joined by a cured resin. 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 4-14 , the present disclosure is directed to systems and methods for producing a component using additive manufacturing, e.g. 3D printing. For example, in one embodiment, the systems and methods of the present disclosure may be used to produce a wind turbine component, such as the various component described herein, including but not limited to the tower  12 , the rotor  18 , the nacelle  14 , the blade root section  20 , the blade tip section  22 , the spar caps  48 ,  50 ,  54 ,  56 , the shear webs, the rotor blade panels  21 , and/or another other wind turbine component. 3D printing, as used herein, is generally understood to encompass processes used to synthesize three-dimensional objects in which successive layers of material are formed under computer control to create the objects. As such, objects of almost any size and/or shape can be produced from digital model data. 
     Referring particularly to  FIGS. 4-13 , various embodiments of the additive manufacturing system  60  for producing such components are illustrated. For example, as shown in  FIGS. 4-9 , the additive manufacturing system  60  may include various types of systems, including but not limited to, electron beam systems ( FIG. 4 ), laser powder systems ( FIG. 5 ), laser wire systems ( FIG. 6 ), plasma wire systems ( FIG. 7 ), cold spray systems ( FIG. 8 ), and/or arc welding systems ( FIG. 9 ). As such, the additive manufacturing system  60  of the present disclosure may use various types of materials, such as feed wires  85  and/or powder  89  for building up the components  74  described herein. 
     More specifically, as shown in  FIGS. 4-10 , the additive manufacturing system  60  of the present disclosure generally includes a substrate  62  (i.e. a printing surface), a nozzle  64  mounted relative to (e.g. above) the substrate  62  for depositing a material  66  onto the substrate  62 , a curing system  70  for curing the material  66  on the substrate  62 , a controller  65 , and at least one moveable molding assembly  80  for providing a desired surface finish of the component  74 . Thus, as shown, the controller  65  is configured to control the various components of the system  60  so as to melt the material  66  to build up the component  74  using successive layers  76  atop each other based on a digital model of the component  74 . 
     More particularly, as shown in  FIGS. 4, 6, 7, and 10 , the material  66  may correspond to a feed wire  85  moveably positioned through the nozzle  64  and arranged adjacent to the substrate  62 . Alternatively, as shown in  FIGS. 5 and 8 , the material  66  may correspond to a feed powder  89  dispensed through the nozzle  64 . 
     Further, the curing system  70  may be any suitable system for curing the deposited material  66 . For example, as shown in  FIG. 4 , the curing system  70  may correspond to an electron gun  68  for generating an electron beam  72  that melts a distal end  87  of the wire  85  as the distal end  87  of the wire  85  is fed through the nozzle  64 . In such embodiments, the wire  85  may be melted by the electron beam  72  using inert gas shielding in either an open environment or in a sealed chamber. In further embodiments, as shown in  FIG. 4 , the electron gun  68  may include a heat source  75  enclosed in a vacuum chamber  73  for generating the electron beam  72 , which may also be communicatively coupled to the controller  65 . In further embodiments, as shown in  FIGS. 5 and 6 , the curing system  70  may correspond to a laser generator  90 . In such embodiments, as shown, the laser generator  90  is configured to generate a laser  91  that melts a powder material  89  (or a feed wire  85 ) on the substrate  62  to form the component  74 . 
     Referring now to  FIG. 7 , the curing system  70  may further include a plasma generator  92 . In such systems, as shown, plasma gas is shielded by a shielding gas and deposited onto the substrate  62  to cure the feed wire  85  thereon. In addition, as shown in  FIG. 8 , the curing system  70  may include a cold spray system  94 . For example, as shown, the cold spray system  94  generally includes a supersonic gas jet or nozzle  64  that deposit material in powder form onto the substrate  62 . In yet another embodiment, as shown in  FIG. 9 , the curing system  70  may include an arc welding system  96 . 
     Referring particularly in  FIGS. 10 and 11 , the moveable molding assembly  80  may include a first mold  82  and a second mold  84  arranged on opposing sides of the component  74 . As such, the first and second molds  82 ,  84  are configured to laterally limit the melted material  66 . It should further be understood that the molding assembly  80  may include a single mold or more than two molds and can be arranged in any suitable configuration so as to provide the desired surface finish. For example, as shown particularly in  FIG. 10 , the molding assembly(s)  80  may be mounted to the nozzle  64 . Alternatively, the molding assembly  80  may be mounted to any suitable location of the additive manufacturing system  60 , for example, the laser generator  70 . 
     More specifically, as shown particularly in  FIG. 10 , the moveable molding assembly(s)  80  is arranged on an exterior surface of the layers  76 . In addition, in particular embodiments, the molding assembly  80  may be placed in a predetermined location with respect to the material  66 . For example, the predetermined location may include forward, beside, or aft of the distal end  68  of the material  66 . Further, the moveable molding assembly(s)  80  may be configured to move with the nozzle  64  so as to mold the melted material  66  while still in a semi-solid state. Thus, as shown in  FIG. 12 , the moveable molding assembly  80  is configured to provide a desired surface finish to the exterior surface  78  of the component  74  without having to further machine the final component after the part has cured. 
     In further embodiments, the molds of the moveable molding assembly  80  may be constructed of ceramic, plastic, metal, and/or another other suitable material. In another embodiment, the moveable molding assembly  80  may include a roller or a sliding plate. In such embodiments, the roller or a sliding plate of the molding assembly  80  is configured to move with the nozzle  64  and slide along the exterior surface  78  of the component  74  so as to mold the stacked layers  76  before curing such that the final part has a smooth surface finish without further machining. Alternatively, the moveable molding assembly  80  may operate without contact, e.g. using pressurized air, magnetic repulsion, or similar. 
     In additional embodiments, the molding assembly  80  may also include various features to assist in providing the desired surface finish. For example, as shown in  FIG. 10 , the molding assembly may  80  include a refrigeration or cooling system  86  to assist in curing the component  74  after the melted material has been limited as desired. Further, the molding assembly  80  may include a non-stick system  88  to prevent the molding assembly  80  from sticking to the layers  76  of the melted material  66 . For example, in one embodiment, the non-stick system  88  may be part of the cooling system  86 , but the cooling system  86  may also have heating capabilities such that the molds  82 ,  84  may remain above a certain temperature during molding of the layers  76 . In addition, the molds  82 ,  84  may be constructed of a certain material that prevents suck sticking from occurring. 
     In further embodiments, the moveable molding assembly  80  can be passive or active by direct monitoring of the exterior surface  78 , e.g. via the controller  65 . In such embodiments, the additive manufacturing system  60  may include one or more sensors  67 ,  69  for monitoring of the exterior surface  78  of the layers  76 . For example, such sensors  67 ,  69  may be configured to measure temperature, rate of cure, thickness, etc. of the component  74 . Such sensors  67 ,  69  may also be configured to monitor various parameters of the laser  72 . In such embodiments, the molding assembly  80  is configured to move with the nozzle  64  based on the monitored parameters. 
     Referring particularly to  FIG. 13 , a block diagram of one embodiment of the controller  65  according to the present disclosure is illustrated. As shown, the controller  65  may include a computer or other suitable processing unit that may include suitable computer-readable instructions that, when implemented, configure the controller  65  to perform various functions, such as receiving, transmitting and/or executing control signals of the additive manufacturing system  60 . More specifically, as shown, there is illustrated a block diagram of one embodiment of suitable components that may be included within the controller  65  in accordance with example aspects of the present disclosure. As shown, the controller  65  may include one or more processor(s)  71  and associated memory device(s)  77  configured to perform a variety of computer-implemented functions. 
     As used herein, the term “processor” refers not only to integrated circuits referred to in the art as being included in a computer, but also refers to a controller, a microcontroller, a microcomputer, a programmable logic controller (PLC), an application specific integrated circuit, and other programmable circuits. Additionally, the memory device(s)  77  may generally comprise memory element(s) including, but not limited to, computer readable medium (e.g., random access memory (RAM)), computer readable non-volatile medium (e.g., a flash memory), a floppy disk, a compact disc-read only memory (CD-ROM), a magneto-optical disk (MOD), a digital versatile disc (DVD) and/or other suitable memory elements. 
     Such memory device(s)  77  may generally be configured to store suitable computer-readable instructions that, when implemented by the processor(s)  71 , configure the controller  65  to perform various functions as described herein. Additionally, the controller  65  may also include a communications interface  79  to facilitate communications between the controller  65  and the various components of the additive manufacturing system  60 . An interface can include one or more circuits, terminals, pins, contacts, conductors, or other components for sending and receiving control signals. Moreover, the controller  65  may include a sensor interface  81  (e.g., one or more analog-to-digital converters) to permit signals transmitted from the sensors  67 ,  69  to be converted into signals that can be understood and processed by the processors  71 . 
     Referring now to  FIG. 14 , a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method  100  for producing a component  74  via additive manufacturing is illustrated. As shown at  102 , the method  100  includes providing a digital model of the component  74  to the additive manufacturing system  60 , e.g. to the controller  65  thereof. For example, in one embodiment, the digital model of the component  74  may include a CAD model of the component  74 . As shown at  104 , the method  100  includes arranging the nozzle  64  of the additive manufacturing system  60  relative to the substrate  62  thereof. As shown at  106 , the method  100  includes feeding the material  66  through the nozzle  64  and onto the substrate  62 . As shown at  108 , the method  100  includes melting the material  66  as the material  66  is fed through the nozzle  64 . As shown at  110 , the method  100  includes building up the component  74  using successive layers  76  of the melted material  66 . As shown at  112 , the method  100  includes molding the melted material  66  while still in a semi-solid state so as to provide a desired surface finish of the component  74 . For example, in one embodiment, as shown in  FIGS. 10 and 11 , the method  100  may include limiting flow of the melted material  66  (i.e. the feed wire  85 ) while still in a semi-solid state, e.g. via the first and second molds  82 ,  84 , so as to provide a desired surface finish of the component  74 . 
     Although described above in the context of a standalone system and/or method, it is to be understood that the above described systems and methods may be used in conjunction with and/or employed on a multi-functional system that includes any type of additive manufacturing system or method. 
     Such additive manufacturing systems and methods include, for example, and without limitation, vat photopolymerization, powder bed fusion, binder jetting, material jetting, sheet lamination, material extrusion, directed energy deposition and hybrid systems. These systems and methods may include, for example, and without limitation, stereolithography; digital light processing; scan, spin, and selectively photocure; continuous liquid interface production; selective laser sintering; direct metal laser sintering; selective laser melting; electron beam melting; selective heat sintering; multi-jet fusion; smooth curvatures printing; multi-jet modeling; laminated object manufacture; selective deposition lamination; ultrasonic additive manufacturing; fused filament fabrication; fused deposition modeling; laser metal deposition; laser engineered net shaping; direct metal deposition; hybrid systems; and combinations of these methods and systems. These methods and systems may employ, for example, and without limitation, all forms of electromagnetic radiation, heating, sintering, melting, curing, binding, consolidating, pressing, embedding, and combinations thereof. 
     These methods and systems employ materials including, for example, and without limitation, polymers, plastics, metals, ceramics, sand, glass, waxes, fibers, biological matter, composites, and hybrids of these materials. These materials may be used in these methods and systems in a variety of forms as appropriate for a given material and method or system, including for example without limitation, liquids, solids, powders, sheets, foils, tapes, filaments, pellets, liquids, slurries, wires, atomized, pastes, and combinations of these forms. 
     This written description uses examples to disclose the invention, including the best mode, and also to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention, including making and using any devices or systems and performing any incorporated methods. The patentable scope of the invention is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they include structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal languages of the claims.