Patent Publication Number: US-5152927-A

Title: Water clarifier

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     This invention relates to highly polar organic amino derivatives useful in coagulating low-internal-phase oil-in-water emulsions of petroleum or petroleum products. 
     2. Prior Art 
     There are a large number of materials useful ranging from simple inorganic salts to complex organic compounds--U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,689,177, 4,826,625 and 4,864,075 disclose tridithiocarbamic acid compounds as having utility in this area. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is the structure of a commercially available triamine, sold as &#34;Jeffamine® T-403&#34; by Jefferson Chemical. 
     FIG. 2 is the inventive structure. 
    
    
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     A commercially available triamine, sold as Jeffamine® T-403 by Jefferson Chemical, has the following structure ##STR1## R represents a lower alkylene group R 1  represents a lower alkylene group 
     x, y, and z represent integers which may e the same or different, but each must at least equal 1, and the sum of x, y and z is from 3 to about 250. 
     Lower alkylene groups include branched and unbranched alkylene groups of from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, e.g., methylene and its homologues up to triacontylene. The generic name applied herein to compounds of this type is polyoxypropylene triamine, (POPT herein). 
     Certain derivatives of POPT have been found to have unexpectedly great utility, in particular one having the following representative structure: ##STR2## 
     The compound in FIG. 2 is produced by the Mannich reaction of amine with formaldehyde and bisulfite followed by dithiocarbamate formation with amine, carbon disulfide and sodium hydroxide. 
     The compound above is prepared as follows: 
     Water: 34.87% 
     NaHSO 3  : 6.17% 
     CH 2  O 37%: 4.80% 
     POPT: 26.33% 
     NaOH 50%: 15.66% 
     CS 2  : 12.17%. 
     The reagents are added in the order listed, with agitation, cooling the reactor during the CS 2  addition. 
     The oil-in-water dispersions separable by the compounds of the invention are generally crude petroleum or petroleum products with a low concentration of the dispersed phase in fresh or salt water. They may be formed during petroleum production, refining, and at many other points in the production of petrochemicals and use of petroleum products. 
     These dispersions may have as emulsifiers certain natural compounds or none at all, and in that instance are formed by mechanical forces only, depending on the many factors involved, e.g. viscosity, salt content of water, agitation, or temperature. Most often the dispersed phase is present at only a few percent of the total. Some of these dispersions are surprisingly difficult to break, and much effort has been expended to develop demulsifiers, with varying success. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     This composition is effective upstream of precipitators, gas flotation, and skim tanks. Injection rates vary from 5 ppm to 25 ppm continuously depending on severity of oil carryover. Oil removed from produced water is 90%-95% effective. Example: Oil content in water before the use of this composition was averaging 150-160 ppm. After injection of this composition was initiated, oil content stabilized to 15 ppm. It does not tend to gunk compared to competitive products. 
     EXAMPLE 1 
     Bottle Test Results 
     In a 150 ml test bottle was placed a 100 ml sample of oil field brine containing an oil in water dispersion from an off-shore oil lease. The sample was treated with 20 ppm of my composition and shaken by hand 50 to 100 times. A black floc separated from the test sample producing bright and clear water. 
     EXAMPLE 2 
     Tabulated below are the results of other bottle tests with brines from various areas. 
     
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Site          Dose       Result                                           
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New Orleans   10 ppm     bright clear water                               
New Orleans   20 to 30 ppm                                                
                         bright clear water                               
Amelia        20 ppm     bright clear water                               
Bayou Salle   100 ppm    bright clear water                               
Grand Lake    30 to 40 ppm                                                
                         bright clear water                               
Vermillion    75 to 100 ppm                                               
                         bright clear water                               
Eugene Island 60 to 100 ppm                                               
                         bright clear water                               
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