Patent Publication Number: US-10760275-B2

Title: Sump drain apparatus, system, and method of construction

Description:
FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE 
     The present disclosure relates to a water evacuation apparatus, system, and method of construction, and more specifically, to an insulated roof sump drain apparatus, system, and method of construction. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE 
     Conventional roofing systems typically include drainage systems configured to remove water on the roof resulting from precipitation. There are two basic types of drainage systems: perimeter evacuation systems in which water is transported to an edge of a roof prior to removal and internal evacuation systems in which water is transported to an isolated area on the roof prior to removal. Internal evacuation systems in particular may be prone to leaking due to the proximity of mating points between components near areas of high concentration of water. 
     SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE 
     A sump drain apparatus may comprise a drain bowl, a ramp connected to the drain bowl comprising an incline plane configured to divert drainage water toward the drain bowl, and an attachment flange connected to the ramp and configured to couple the sump drain apparatus to a roof deck, wherein the ramp is configured to be positioned on top of the roof deck and contain sump insulation beneath the ramp and above the roof deck. 
     In various embodiments, the drain bowl, the ramp, and the attachment flange may comprise a single, continuous structure. The drain bowl may be connected to the ramp by an inlet conduit and a first land. The attachment flange may be connected to the ramp by a second land and an insulation receiving surface. The drain bowl may be connected to and continuous with an outlet conduit. The inlet conduit may comprise an annular shape and may be configured to couple to a drain bowl strainer. The insulation receiving surface may be perpendicular to the second land and attachment flange and positioned between the second land and attachment flange. The first land may comprise an upper surface and a lower surface, the lower surface configured to rest on the roof deck. The insulation receiving surface may be configured to couple to an insulation retention clip and abut roof insulation. 
     A sump drain system for a roof may comprise a sump drain apparatus comprising a drain bowl, a ramp connected to the drain bowl comprising an incline plane configured to divert drainage water toward the drain bowl and an attachment flange connected to the ramp and configured to couple the sump drain apparatus to a roof deck, wherein the ramp is configured to be positioned on top of the roof deck and contain sump insulation beneath the ramp and above the roof deck. 
     In various embodiments, the drain bowl, the ramp, and the attachment flange may comprise a single, continuous structure. The sump drain system may further comprise an insulation retention clip coupled to an insulation receiving surface of the sump drain apparatus. The sump drain system may further comprise a drain bowl strainer coupled to an inlet conduit of the sump drain apparatus. The sump drain apparatus may further comprise an outlet conduit connected to and continuous with the drain bowl. The sump drain system may further comprise a drain pipe coupled to the outlet conduit. The sump drain apparatus may further comprise a first land and a second land connected to and continuous with the ramp. The sump drain system may further comprise a roof membrane coupled to the second land, wherein the roof membrane is one of thermally coupled to, chemically coupled to, coupled to by way of adhesive, cured to, or welded to the second land. 
     A method of constructing roof sump drain system may comprise forming a hole in a roof deck, coupling a sump drain apparatus to the roof deck, coupling roof insulation to the roof deck and sump drain apparatus, and coupling a roof membrane to the sump drain apparatus over the roof insulation. 
     In various embodiments, the sump drain apparatus may comprise a drain bowl, a ramp connected to the drain bowl comprising an incline plane configured to divert drainage water toward the drain bowl, and an attachment flange connected to the ramp and configured to couple the sump drain apparatus to a roof deck, wherein the ramp is configured to be positioned on top of the roof deck and contain sump insulation beneath the ramp and above the roof deck. The method may further comprise inserting the roof insulation beneath an insulation retention clip coupled to the sump drain apparatus. 
     The foregoing features and elements may be combined in various combinations without exclusivity, unless expressly indicated otherwise. These features and elements as well as the operation thereof will become more apparent in light of the following description and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, the following description and drawings are intended to be exemplary in nature and non-limiting. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated in, and constitute a part of, this specification, illustrate various embodiments, and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 1  illustrates a perspective view of a sump drain frame and a drain bowl strainer, in accordance with various embodiments; 
         FIG. 2  illustrates a cross-sectional side view of a sump drain frame coupled to a sump drain system, in accordance with various embodiments; 
         FIG. 3  illustrates a perspective view of a partially constructed sump drain system, in accordance with various embodiments; 
         FIGS. 4A-4I  illustrate various cross-sectional side views of sump drain systems, in accordance with various embodiments; and 
         FIGS. 5A-5G  illustrate perspective views of various steps of a method of constructing a sump drain system, in accordance with various embodiments. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The detailed description of various embodiments herein makes reference to the accompanying drawings, which show various embodiments by way of illustration. While these various embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the disclosure, it should be understood that other embodiments may be realized and that logical, chemical, electrical, and mechanical changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. Thus, the detailed description herein is presented for purposes of illustration only and not of limitation. 
     For example, the steps recited in any of the method or process descriptions may be executed in any order and are not necessarily limited to the order presented. Furthermore, any reference to singular includes plural embodiments, and any reference to more than one component or step may include a singular embodiment or step. Also, any reference to attached, fixed, connected, or the like may include permanent, removable, temporary, partial, full, and/or any other possible attachment option. Additionally, any reference to without contact (or similar phrases) may also include reduced contact or minimal contact. 
     For example, in the context of the present disclosure, methods, systems, and articles may find particular use in connection with roofing drainage systems. However, various aspects of the disclosed embodiments may be adapted for performance in a variety of other drainage systems. As such, numerous applications of the present disclosure may be realized. 
     Various problems exist with known roofing drainage systems. For example, many contemporary drainage systems comprise many components of different materials coupled together to form the completed drainage system. Naturally, these components have different coefficients of thermal expansion, thereby expanding and contracting at different rates. Such differences in the expansion and contraction of components can lead to deterioration of the seal of the drainage system, thereby resulting in the intrusion of water past the drainage system into the underlying building. 
     Traditional drainage systems utilize three main components: a drain bowl, an insulated sump area, and a roof membrane. Typically, a hole is first cut into the deck of the roof which will receive the drain bowl. The drain bowl is then mechanically attached to the roof deck. An insulated sump area in the form of wedged insulation is installed directly onto the roof deck around the hole and configured to allow water to flow on a downward gradient towards the drain. The insulated sump is then covered by a waterproof membrane over the sump insulation and draped down into the hole onto the drain bowl. A compression ring is then inserted over the top of the membrane and fastened to the drain bowl or other components immediately adjacent to the hole using mechanical fasteners. Such an arrangement is intended to provide a waterproof route for drainage water from various portions of the roof to the drain. 
     Arrangements such as those described above may concentrate drainage water near the mating point of multiple components, thereby increasing a likelihood that water will move beyond its intended route and leak into the underlying building. Further, by placing the membrane near the drain, the membrane may tend to bow under the pressure of the compression ring, thereby potentially inhibiting water movement toward the drain and resulting in large areas of standing water around the drain. Overtime, this may result in structural failure of the roof or a potential collapse of the roof due to the weight of the standing water. Additionally, such systems may be costly to manufacture, require long installation times, and may be at a higher risk of being installed incorrectly. 
     Accordingly, with reference to  FIG. 1 , a perspective view of a sump drain frame  100  and drain bowl strainer  200  detached from sump drain frame  100  is illustrated, in accordance with various embodiments. Sump drain frame  100  may comprise a single-piece component configured to direct drainage water from surrounding areas of a roof to a drain placed at and/or near a center of sump drain frame  100 . In various embodiments, sump drain frame  100  may comprise any suitable material, for example a polymer, metal, ceramic, or composite material in accordance with various embodiments. More specifically, sump drain frame  100  may comprise a thermoplastic material such as a thermoplastic olefin (TPO), which may include polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), or block copolymer polypropylene. In various embodiments, sump drain frame  100  may comprise a polyvinyl chloride material (PVC). Sump drain frame  100  material may comprise one or more fillers such as talc, fiberglass, carbon fiber, wollatonite, or metal oxy sulfate. Sump drain frame  100  may comprise an elastomer such as ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (EPDM), ethylene-octene, ethylbenzene, or styrene ethylene butadiene styrene. Any suitable manufacturing technique may be utilized to form sump drain frame  100 . For example, in accordance with various embodiments, sump drain frame  100  may be cast, forged, additively manufactured, molded through an injection molding or vacuum forming process, or any other suitable technique. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 1 - FIG. 3 , sump drain frame  100  may form a portion of a sump drain system  1000 , in accordance with various embodiments. Sump drain frame  100  may comprise an outlet conduit  102 , a drain bowl  104 , an inlet conduit  106 , a first land  108 , a ramp  110 , a second land  112 , an insulation receiving surface  114 , and an attachment flange  116 . Outlet conduit  102  may comprise an annular inner surface  118  and an annular outer surface  120 . Annular inner surface  118  may be configured to contain drainage water and transfer drainage water downward (in the negative Y-direction) to a drain pipe  122  situated below outlet conduit  102 . Annular outer surface  120  may be configured to couple sump drain frame  100  to drain pipe  122  using a coupling such as a no-hub connector or other suitable device  208 . For example, in various embodiments, sump drain frame  100  may be aligned with drain pipe  122  such that outlet conduit  102  substantially aligns with drain pipe  122 . A no-hub connector may be inserted over a mating point between outlet conduit  102  and drain pipe  122  and tightened to secure sump drain frame  100  to drain pipe  122 . In such a way, drainage water being evacuated from a roof surface may be transferred from sump drain frame  100  to drain pipe  122  through outlet conduit  102 . 
     In various embodiments, drain bowl  104  may be positioned above (in the positive Y-direction) and connected to outlet conduit  102 . Drain bowl  104  may comprise a frusto-conical shape and be configured to converge a flow of drainage water from an inlet conduit  106  positioned above (in the positive Y-direction) and connected to drain bowl  104 . Similar to outlet conduit  102 , inlet conduit  106  may comprise an annular shape comprising an annular inner surface  124  and an annular outer surface  126 . A diameter, D 1 , of annular outer surface  126  of inlet conduit  106  may be between approximately 8 inches (20.32 cm) and 16 inches (40.64 cm), be between approximately 10 inches (25.40 cm) and 14 inches (35.56 cm), or approximately 12 inches (30.48 cm), in various embodiments. Annular inner surface  124  may be configured to receive and couple to drain bowl strainer  200 . 
     For example, in various embodiments, inlet conduit  106  and drain bowl strainer  200  may comprise threads, apertures to receive one or more fasteners, or a geometrical interface configured couple drain bowl strainer  200  to inlet conduit  106 . In various embodiments, and with specific reference to  FIG. 1 , inlet conduit  106  may comprise one or more protrusions  128  and one or more recesses  130 . Protrusions  128  of inlet conduit  106  may be configured to align with recesses  204  on drain bowl strainer  200  and recesses  130  of inlet conduit  106  may be configured to align with protrusions  202  on drain bowl strainer  200 . In such a way, drain bowl strainer  200  may be easily coupled to and/or removed from sump drain frame  100  by placing drain bowl strainer  200  in inlet conduit  106  and may be restrained from rotating about the Y-axis relative to sump drain frame  100 . 
     Inlet conduit  106  may be adjacent to and connected to first land  108 . First land  108  may be an annulus extending circumferentially around inlet conduit  106  and be configured to deliver drainage water to inlet conduit  106 . For example, in various embodiments, an upper surface  132  of first land  108  may be flush with an inlet surface  206  of drain bowl strainer  200  such that water may flow from first land  108  to inlet conduit  106  without having to first travel up a gradient. As a result, standing water is unlikely to form on first land  108 . In various embodiments, first land  108  may comprise a width, W 1 , of between approximately 0 inches (0 cm) and 4 inches (10.16 cm), between approximately 1 inch (2.54 cm) and 3 inches (7.62 cm), or approximately 2 inches (5.08 cm). First land  108  may comprise a lower surface  136  configured to be placed on top of and couple to a deck  210 . In various embodiments, deck  210  may comprise any suitable material, for example, a plywood, polymer, ceramic, metal, or composite material. Deck  210  may comprise a height, H 1 , between approximately 0 inches (0 cm) to 8 inches (20.32 cm), between approximately 2 inches (5.08 cm) and 6 inches (15.24 cm), or approximately 4 inches (10.16 cm), in various embodiments. 
     First land  108  may be adjacent to and connected to ramp  110 , in accordance with various embodiments. First land  108  may be connected and/or span between drain bowl  104  and/or inlet conduit  106  and ramp  110 . Ramp  110  may be configured to be positioned on a top surface of the deck  210  (in the Y-direction) and contain a sump insulation underneath ramp  110  and above deck  210 . Ramp  110  may comprise one or more sections  138  comprising incline planes such that drainage water may flow from a roof surface to drain bowl  104  and onward to drain pipe  122 . In various embodiments, sections  138  may extend 360° around first land  108 . In various embodiments, ramp  110  may comprise four sections  138 , each forming one fourth of the entire ramp  110 ; however, ramp  110  is not limited in this regard. Ramp  110  may comprise two, three, five, six, or any other suitable number of sections  138 . 
     In various embodiments, each section  138  of ramp  110  may comprise a width, W 2 , and a height, H 2 . In various embodiments, width W 2  may be between approximately 8 inches (20.32 cm) and 16 inches (40.64 cm), be between approximately 10 inches (25.40 cm) and 14 inches (35.56 cm), or approximately 12 inches (30.48 cm). Height H 2  may be between approximately 0 inches (0 cm) and 8 inches (20.32), between approximately 2 inches (5.08 cm) and 6 inches (15.24 cm), or approximately 4 inches (10.16 cm) in various embodiments. However, each section  138  of ramp  110  is not limited in this regard and may comprise any suitable width and height. Further, while illustrated with each section  138  comprising the same width and height, sections  138  of ramp  110  are not limited in this regard and may comprise varying dimensions. 
     Ramp  110  may be adjacent to and connected to second land  112 . Ramp  110  may be connected and/or span between drain bowl  104  and/or first land  108  and second land  112 . Second land  112  may comprise a flat surface surrounding each side of ramp  110 . Second land  112  may be configured to receive a roof membrane  212  which may be coupled to second land  112 . For example, roof membrane  212  may be positioned on an upper surface  140  of second land  112  and thermally coupled to, chemically coupled to, coupled by way of adhesive, cured to, welded to or otherwise coupled to upper surface  140  of second land  112 . In various embodiments, second land  112  may comprise a width, W 3 , between approximately 0 inches (0 cm) and 8 inches (20.32 cm), between approximately 2 inches (5.08 cm) and 6 inches (15.24 cm), or approximately 4 inches (10.16 cm). However, second land  112  is not limited in this regard and may comprise any suitable length. 
     Second land  112  may be adjacent to and connected to insulation receiving surface  114 . Insulation receiving surface  114  may be substantially perpendicular to second land  112  and extend downward (in the negative Y-direction) from second land  112 . In various embodiments, insulation receiving surface  114  may comprise an outer surface  142  and an inner surface  144 . Outer surface  142  may be configured to couple to an insulation retention clip  214  and be configured to abut roof insulation  216 . In various embodiments, roof insulation  216  may comprise a polyisocyanurate material, expanded polystyrene materials, extruded polystyrene material, or a lightweight insulating concrete material. 
     Together, inner surface  144  of second land  112 , ramp  110 , and deck  210  may be configured to contain sump insulation  146 , which may be a polyisocyanurate material, expanded polystyrene material, extruded polystyrene material, pourable or sprayable polyurethane material, or mineral wool material in various embodiments. Specifically, after sump drain frame  100  is formed, sump insulation  146  may be sprayed or otherwise coupled to an underside of ramp  110  and second land  112  such that sump drain frame  100  may be installed in sump drain system  1000  already containing sump insulation  146  coupled to sump drain frame  100 . In various embodiments, insulation receiving surface  114  may comprise a height approximately equal to a height of roof insulation  216  and/or ramp  110 . As such, in various embodiments, a height of insulation receiving surface  114  may be between approximately 0 inches (0 cm) and 8 inches (20.32), between approximately 2 inches (5.08 cm) and 6 inches (15.24 cm), or approximately 4 inches (10.16 cm). 
     In various embodiments, insulation receiving surface  114  may comprise one or more apertures  148  configured to receive one or more fasteners  218 . Insulation retention clip  214  may comprise one or more apertures  220  configured to mate with the one or more apertures  148  in insulation receiving surface  114  and receive one or more fasteners  218 . In such a way, insulation retention clip  214  may be coupled to outer surface  142  of insulation receiving surface  114  and be configured such that a lower surface of insulation retention clip  214  abuts an upper surface of roof insulation  216 . As such, roof insulation  216  may be securely positioned proximate to outer surface  142  of insulation receiving surface  114 . An upper surface of insulation retention clip  214  may be flush with upper surface  140  of second land  112  such that roof membrane  212  may be positioned flatly across the upper surface of insulation retention clip  214  and upper surface  140  of second land  112 . In various embodiments, insulation retention clip  214  may comprise a width, W 4  and a height, H 3 . In various embodiments, width W 4  and/or height H 3  may be between approximately 0 inches (0 cm) and 4 inches (10.16 cm), between approximately 1 inch (2.54 cm) and 3 inches (7.62 cm), or approximately 2 inches (5.08 cm). 
     Insulation receiving surface  114  may be adjacent to and connected to attachment flange  116 , in accordance with various embodiments. Attachment flange  116  may comprise one or more apertures  150  configured to receive one or more fasteners  218  and couple sump drain frame  100  to deck  210 . However, attachment flange  216  is not limited in this regard and may be coupled to deck  210  by way of adhesive or using any other suitable technique. Attachment flange  116  may comprise an upper surface  152  and lower surface  154 . Upper surface  152  may be configured to abut to a lower surface of roof insulation  216 , while lower surface  154  may be configured to abut deck  210 . 
     In various embodiments, sump drain frame  100  may comprise a square shape when viewed in the X-Z plane. For example, sump drain system  1000  may be sized and shaped such that sump drain frame  100  may be installed or retrofitted on existing roofing systems without the need to trim or otherwise alter other components of the roofing system for installation. For example, in various embodiments, sump drain frame  100  may comprise an overall width, OW, from an edge of second land  112  on one side of sump drain frame  100  to an edge of second land  112  on an opposite side of sump drain frame  100 . In various embodiments, overall width OW may be between approximately 24 inches (60.96 cm) and 72 inches (182.88 cm), between approximately 36 inches (91.44 cm) and approximately 60 inches (152.4 cm), or approximately 48 inches (121.92 cm). As such, because roof insulation components (such as roof insulation paneling) are often manufactured such that at least one side of the insulation component measures 48 inches, sump drain frame  100  comprising an overall width OW of approximately 48 inches may fit existing roofing systems without the need for alteration of various components. 
     In accordance with various embodiments, sump drain frame  100  may be manufactured as a single, continuous, watertight component. Because of this, sump drain frame  100  may prevent leaks from forming along a flow path of drainage water better than existing sump drain systems comprising multiple components coupled together by compression fasteners or other components. In addition, sump drain frame  100  may be configured such that a connection point between roof membrane  212  and sump drain frame  100  is moved outward and away from drain pipe  122 . As such, roof membrane  212  may be positioned outside of areas likely to accumulate large amounts of standing water (such as near an interface with drain bowl strainer  200 ), thereby making sump drain frame  100  and sump drain system  1000  less likely to experience leaks. Further, because sump drain frame  100  comprises a single, continuous, watertight component, sump drain frame  100  may be configured to house sump insulation  216  directly underneath ramp  110 . As such, sump drain frame  100  may be easier to manufacture and install, while still complying with applicable construction codes requiring insulation proximate to the drain. 
     With reference now to  FIGS. 4A-4H , sump drain frame  100  of sump drain system  1000  may comprise various materials having various structures.  FIG. 4A  illustrates a sump drain system  1000  comprising a sump drain frame  100  comprising a TPO or PVC material, in accordance with various embodiments. Roof membrane  212  may also comprise a TPO or PVC material. In various embodiments, roof membrane  212  and second land  112  of sump drain frame  100  may be thermally welded together such that a watertight seal is formed between roof membrane  212  and sump drain frame  100 . However, as previously stated, roof membrane  212  may be coupled to second land  112  utilizing any suitable method. 
       FIG. 4B  illustrates another embodiment of sump drain system  1000 . In some instances, due to various construction codes, it may be necessary to extend sump insulation  146  beneath other portions of sump drain frame  100 . Accordingly, in various embodiments, sump drain insulation  146  may extend along a lower surface of ramp  110 , lower surface  136  of first land  108 , along annular outer surface  126  of inlet conduit  106 , along an outer surface of drain bowl  104  and terminate at annular outer surface  120  of outlet conduit  102 . As such, in various embodiments, sump drain frame  100  may incorporate sump insulation  146  along other portions of sump drain frame  100  in addition to below ramp  110  and/or second land  112 . 
     Referring now to  FIG. 4C , sump drain system  1000  may comprise one or more heat traces  222 , in accordance with various embodiments. Heat traces  222  may comprise a first heat trace  224  connected to one side of outlet conduit  102  and a second heat trace  226  connected to an opposite side of outlet conduit  102 . First heat trace  224  and second heat trace  226  may be configured to contact outlet conduit  102 , drain bowl  104 , inlet conduit  106 , first land  108 , ramp  110 , and second land  112  in various embodiments, however, first heat trace  224  and second heat trace  226  are not limited in this regard and may be configured to contact any number of the aforementioned components. 
     First heat trace  224  and second heat trace  226  may contact any of the aforementioned components at any location. For example, in various embodiments, first heat trace  224  and second heat trace  226  may be configured to wrap around annular components such as outlet conduit  102 , drain bowl  104 , or inlet conduit  106 , or be configured to spread outward along multiple paths along a lower surface of ramp  110 , for example. First heat trace  224  and second heat trace  226  may be configured to conduct an electric current and heat the various components contacted by first heat trace  224  and/or second heat trace  226 . Accordingly, in various embodiments, first heat trace  224  and second heat trace  226  may be configured to heat various surfaces of sump drain frame  100  such that ice formation on these components is prevented and/or removed in freezing conditions. 
     Moving on and with reference to  FIG. 4D , in various embodiments, sump drain frame  100  may comprise an EPDM material. In various embodiments, the EPDM material of the sump drain frame  100  and the roof membrane  212  may be vulcanized, and may be unable to be coupled to second land  112  of sump drain frame  100  by thermal welding. As such, in various embodiments, second land  112  may be configured to receive an adhesive  228  such as a double-sided seam tape, for example. Adhesive  228  may be placed on upper surface  140  of second land  112  and be configured to receive a bottom surface of roof membrane  212 . As such, roof membrane  212  be coupled to sump drain frame  100  comprising materials other than PVC or TPO utilizing various methods. 
     With reference to  FIG. 4E , in various embodiments, an interface between a composite modified asphalt roof membrane  212  and second land  112  of sump drain frame  100  may be sealed using a polymethyl methacrylate material (or PMMA) or other suitable material. For example, roof membrane  212  may be coupled to second land  112  of sump drain frame  100  utilizing one or more of the methods previously disclosed. A PMMA material such an acrylic or an acrylic glass material may be placed over roof membrane  212 , second land  112 , ramp  110 , and/or other portions of sump drain frame  100 . PMMA may provide additional waterproofing and UV resistance such that the interface between roof membrane  212  and sump drain frame  100 . 
     In various embodiments, it may be desirable to position sump drain frame  100  higher (in the positive Y-direction) relative to deck  210 . Accordingly, in various embodiments, sump drain frame  100  may be coupled to one or more blocks  230  positioned between attachment flange  116  of sump drain frame  100  and deck  210 . Each block  230  may comprise a wood material or a material similar to that of deck  210  and comprise a thickness of between approximately 0 inches (0 cm) and 4 inches (10.16 cm), between approximately 1 inch (2.54 cm) and 3 inches (7.62 cm), or approximately 2 inches (5.08 cm). As such, sump drain frame  100  may be offset a distance from deck  210  (in the positive Y-direction). In various embodiments, additional insulation in the form of board stock insulation  232  may be positioned in the gap between sump drain frame  100  and deck  210  as well as the other areas on top of deck  210 . Board stock insulation  232  may at least partially extend below sump insulation  146 , for example. In such a way, blocks  230  may allow for additional insulation to be utilized in conjunction with sump drain system  1000 . 
     Referring now to  FIG. 4G - FIG. 4I , sump drain system  1000  may be configured to couple to an overflow system  2000 , in accordance with various embodiments. For example, referring to  FIG. 3G , overflow system  2000  may be configured to allow drainage water to be evacuated from the roof in the event other drains, such as the sump drain, become clogged due to the presence of debris or ice. Overflow system  2000  may be configured to be installed along with the sump drain system such as at a location adjacent to the sump drain system, in accordance with various embodiments. Overflow system  2000  may comprise an overflow frame  300  substantially similar to sump drain frame  100  in various embodiments. For example, overflow frame  300  may comprise an outlet conduit  302 , drain bowl  304 , inlet conduit  306 , insulation receiving surface  310 , and attachment flange  312  similar to those described with respect to sump drain frame  100 . However, in various embodiments, overflow frame  300  may comprise a land  308  comprising a substantially flat surface extending from inlet conduit  306  to insulation receiving surface  310 . In such a way, land  308  of overflow frame  300  may replace first land  108 , ramp  110 , and second land  112  of sump drain frame  100  (with momentary reference to  FIG. 2 ). 
     Overflow system  2000  may comprise a drain bowl strainer  400  similar to those described with respect to sump drain system  1000 , however, drain bowl strainer  400  may be inserted into inlet conduit  306  such that a distance, d, exists between a bottom of drain bowl strainer  400  and land  308  when drain bowl strainer  400  is installed in overflow frame  300 . As such, drainage water may not begin flowing into drain bowl strainer  400  until standing water reaches a predetermined elevation (greater than d) in the areas of the roof surrounding overflow system  2000 . As previously stated, standing water may result in structural failure of the underlying roof system due to the weight of the standing water and overflow system  2000  may provide an additional outlet for such standing water. 
     Referring now specifically to  FIG. 4H , a cross-sectional view of a dual emergency sump drain system  3000  is illustrated, in accordance with various embodiments. Dual emergency sump drain system  3000  may comprise a frame  500  comprising a sump drain frame, similar to sump drain frame  100  described with reference to  FIG. 1 - FIG. 3 , coupled to an overflow frame. Sump drain frame and overflow frame may be formed together as a single, continuous component to form frame  500  utilizing any of the suitable manufacturing techniques previously mentioned, however, are not limited in this regard and may comprise separate components coupled together after each component is manufactured. 
     Moving from left to right, frame  500  may comprise a first attachment flange  502  connected to a first insulation receiving surface  504 . First insulation receiving surface  504  may be connected to a first land  506  which be connected to a first ramp  508 . First ramp  508  may comprise a decline plane extending downward (in the negative Y-direction) and connecting to a second land  510 . Second land  510  may be connected to a sump inlet conduit  512  which may connect to a sump drain bowl  514  connected to sump outlet conduit  516 . In various embodiments, second land  510  may also be connected to a second ramp  518  which may comprise an incline plane extending upward (in the positive Y-direction). 
     In various embodiments, second ramp  518  may connect to a third land  520 . Third land  520  may be connected to an overflow inlet conduit  522 , which may connect to an overflow drain bowl  524 . Overflow drain bowl  524  may connect to an overflow outlet conduit  526 . In various embodiments, third land  520  may also be connected to a third ramp  528 . Third ramp  528  may comprise an incline plane extending upward (in the positive Y-direction) from third land  520  to a fourth land  530 . Fourth land  530  may be connected to a second insulation receiving surface  532  which may connect to a second retention flange  534 . 
     In various embodiments, first ramp  508  may comprise a first height, H 1 , second ramp  518  may comprise a second height, H 2 , and third ramp  528  may comprise a third height, H 3 . In various embodiments, first height H 1  may be approximately equal to third height H 3 . First height H 1  and third height H 3  may each be greater than second height H 2  in various embodiments. As such, drainage water may be configured to flow down first ramp  508  and/or third ramp  528  toward sump inlet conduit  512 . In the event sump inlet conduit  512 , sump drain bowl  514 , and/or sump outlet conduit  516  become clogged, standing water may form on second land  510 , first ramp  508 , and/or second ramp  518 . Because a second height H 2  of second ramp  518  is less than a first height of first ramp  508  and a third height of third ramp  528 , drainage water may flow into overflow inlet conduit  522  before spilling out onto the remaining portions of the roof proximate to first land  506  and/or fourth land  530 . 
     Referring now to  FIG. 4I , in various embodiments, dual emergency sump drain system  3000  may comprise a flat surface  536  extending between the sump drain and the overflow drain instead of/in addition to a second ramp. For example, in various embodiments, first height H 1  of first ramp  508  may be approximately equal to third height H 3  of third ramp  528 . Rather than comprising a second ramp comprising a second height less than H 1  and/or H 2 , a drain bowl strainer  538  of the overflow drain may be offset a distance, d (in the positive Y-direction) from flat surface  536 . In various embodiments, d may be less than H 1  and/or H 3 . As such, similar to the dual emergency sump drain system  3000  of  FIG. 3G , drainage water may flow into the overflow drain before spilling out onto the remaining portions of the roof proximate to first land  506  and/or fourth land  530 . 
     A method of constructing sump drain system  1000  is illustrated in  FIGS. 5A-5G . Referring initially to  FIG. 5A , deck  210  may be constructed of various materials and be configured to support other components of sump drain system  1000 . A hole may be cut in deck  210  and be configured to receive an inlet conduit  106 , drain bowl  104 , and outlet conduit  102  of a sump drain frame  100  ( FIG. 5A ). Sump drain frame  100  (already comprising insulation retention clip  214 ) may be aligned with the hole in deck  210  and be fastened to the deck using a plurality of fasteners  218  extending through the plurality of apertures  150  in attachment flange  116  ( FIG. 5B ). Roof insulation  216  may be positioned around sump drain frame  100  ( FIG. 5C ). Roof insulation  216  may align with at least one side of sump drain frame  100  and may comprise a staggered pattern of multiple boards, in various embodiments. Roof insulation  216  may be positioned between insulation retention clip  214  and attachment flange  116  and contact insulation receiving surface  114  ( FIG. 5D ). Roof membrane  212  may be placed over roof insulation  216  and coupled to second land  112  ( FIG. 5E ). Drain bowl strainer  200  may be coupled to inlet conduit  106  of sump drain frame  100  ( FIGS. 5F and 5G ). 
     Benefits, other advantages, and solutions to problems have been described herein with regard to specific embodiments. Furthermore, the connecting lines shown in the various figures contained herein are intended to represent exemplary functional relationships and/or physical couplings between the various elements. It should be noted that many alternative or additional functional relationships or physical connections may be present in a practical system. However, the benefits, advantages, solutions to problems, and any elements that may cause any benefit, advantage, or solution to occur or become more pronounced are not to be construed as critical, required, or essential features or elements of the disclosure. The scope of the disclosure is accordingly to be limited by nothing other than the appended claims, in which reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean “one and only one” unless explicitly so stated, but rather “one or more.” Moreover, where a phrase similar to “at least one of A, B, or C” is used in the claims, it is intended that the phrase be interpreted to mean that A alone may be present in an embodiment, B alone may be present in an embodiment, C alone may be present in an embodiment, or that any combination of the elements A, B and C may be present in a single embodiment; for example, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C. Different cross-hatching is used throughout the figures to denote different parts but not necessarily to denote the same or different materials. 
     Methods, apparatuses, and systems are provided herein. In the detailed description herein, references to “one embodiment”, “an embodiment”, “various embodiments”, etc., indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but every embodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described. After reading the description, it will be apparent to one skilled in the relevant art(s) how to implement the disclosure in alternative embodiments. 
     Furthermore, no element, component, or method step in the present disclosure is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether the element, component, or method step is explicitly recited in the claims. No claim element herein is to be construed under the provisions of 35 U.S.C. 112(f) unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for.” As used herein, the terms “comprises”, “comprising”, or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.