Patent Publication Number: US-2018027871-A1

Title: Smoking article

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     Embodiments of the invention relate to a smoking article, a blank for manufacturing a smoking article, and a method of manufacturing a smoking article. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Smoking articles are known in which a ventilation can be controlled by rotation of a part of the smoking article. 
     SUMMARY 
     In this specification there are described embodiments of a smoking article, comprising: a first and a second engaging surface spaced circumferentially, a control element movable between the first and second engaging surfaces, and a ventilation area configured to be selectively covered by the movable control element, wherein the control element comprises a first limiting edge configured to engage with the first engaging surface and a second limiting edge configured to engage with the second engaging surface to limit rotational movement, and the control element is substantially impermeable to ventilating air between the first and second limiting edges, and the smoking article is configured such that the relative circumferential position of the control element between the first and second engaging surfaces determines a level of ventilation of the smoking article, wherein the amount of ventilation area covered by the control element directly determines the ventilation level of the smoking article. 
     In a further embodiment, there is described a smoking article comprising: a ventilation mechanism configured to select a ventilation level of the smoking article by movement of a first part relative to a second part of the smoking article, and a limiting mechanism configured to limit movement of the first part relative to the second part of the smoking article, wherein the ventilation mechanism and limiting mechanism are in a single control element. 
     In a further embodiment, there is described a blank configured to be wrapped around one or more rod articles in the manufacture of a smoking article, the blank comprising: a first and a second engaging surface spaced circumferentially, a control element movable between the first and second engaging surfaces, and a ventilation area configured to be selectively covered by the movable control element, wherein the control element comprises a first limiting edge configured to engage with the first engaging surface and a second limiting edge configured to engage with the second engaging surface to limit rotational movement, and the control element is substantially impermeable to ventilating air between the first and second limiting edges, and the blank is configured such that the relative circumferential position of the control element between the first and second engaging surfaces determines a level of ventilation of the smoking article, wherein the amount of ventilation area covered by the control element directly determines the ventilation level of the smoking article. 
     In a further embodiment, there is described a method of manufacturing a smoking article comprising: providing one or more rod articles, wrapping at least one blank around the rod articles, wherein the at least one blank comprises: a first and a second engaging surface spaced circumferentially, a control element movable between the first and second engaging surfaces, and a ventilation area configured to be selectively covered by the movable control element, wherein the control element comprises a first limiting edge configured to engage with the first engaging surface and a second limiting edge configured to engage with the second engaging surface to limit rotational movement, and the control element is substantially impermeable to ventilating air between the first and second limiting edges, and the blank is configured such that the relative circumferential position of the control element between the first and second engaging surfaces determines a level of ventilation of the smoking article, wherein the amount of ventilation area covered by the control element directly determines the ventilation level of the smoking article. 
     In a further embodiment, there is described a smoking article in which a first part is movable relative to a second part in a range determined by a control element, the control element further arranged to variably cover a ventilation area to determine a ventilation of the smoking article. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Various embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a partial longitudinal cross-section of a smoking article according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, 
         FIG. 2  is a plan view of blanks and rod articles according to a first embodiment of the smoking article, 
         FIG. 3  is a plan view of a blank according to the first embodiment of the smoking article, 
         FIG. 4  is a plan view of a blank according to a second embodiment of the smoking article, 
         FIG. 5  is a plan view of a blank according to a third embodiment of the smoking article, 
         FIG. 6  is a plan view of a further blank according to the third embodiment of the smoking article, 
         FIG. 7  is a plan view of blanks according to a fourth embodiment of the smoking article, 
         FIG. 8  is a plan view of blanks according to a fifth embodiment of the smoking article, 
         FIG. 9  is a plan view of blanks and rod articles according to a sixth embodiment of the smoking article, 
         FIG. 10  is a plan view of a blank according to a seventh embodiment of the smoking article, 
         FIG. 11  is a plan view of blanks according to an eighth embodiment of the smoking article, 
         FIG. 12  is a plan view of a blank according to a ninth embodiment of the smoking article, 
         FIG. 13  is a plan view of a blank and rod articles according to a tenth embodiment of the smoking article, 
         FIG. 14  is a plan view of a blank and rod articles according to an eleventh embodiment of the smoking article, 
         FIG. 15  is a plan view of blanks and rod articles according to a twelfth embodiment of the smoking article, 
         FIG. 16  is a plan view of blanks and rod articles according to a thirteenth embodiment of the smoking article, 
         FIG. 17  is a schematic view of a first method of manufacturing a smoking article according to the present invention, 
         FIG. 18  is a schematic view of a second method of manufacturing a smoking article according to the present invention, and 
         FIG. 19  is a schematic view of a third method of manufacturing a smoking article according to the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     As used herein, the term “smoking article” includes smokeable products such as cigarettes, cigars and cigarillos whether based on tobacco, tobacco derivatives, expanded tobacco, reconstituted tobacco or tobacco substitutes and also heat-not-burn products (i.e. products in which flavour is generated from a smoking material by the application of heat without causing combustion of the material). 
     A smoking article formed by an embodiment of the apparatus or method comprises an elongate source of smokable material. In particular, the smokable material is tobacco, and is arranged in a cylindrical tobacco rod. One or more fillers or filter sections are attached to the tobacco rod. Each filter or filter section comprises filtration material wrapped in a sheet material, for example, paper, e.g. plugwrap. The filter or filter sections define a longitudinal axis, which is common to a longitudinal axis of the tobacco rod. As used herein, the term “component of a smoking article” or “rod article” includes any component part of a smoking article such as a tobacco rod, filter, filter section or mouthpiece, or a combination of these. One or more components of the smoking article are circumscribed by a wrap. The wrap can have the function of one or more of: connecting two components, providing structural support to one or more components, allowing movement relative to another part of the smoking article to control a property of the smoking article (e.g. ventilation), or any other function. 
       FIG. 1  shows an exemplary smoking article  100 , which can be manufactured according to an embodiment of the apparatus or method. This smoking article is merely an example, and the apparatus and method may be used in the manufacture of different types of smoking articles having a first wrapped layer, and a second wrapped layer circumscribing the first wrapped layer. 
     The smoking article  100  comprises a first part comprising a source of smokable material  111 . In this example, the smokable material is tobacco, in the form of a tobacco rod. The smoking article  100  further comprises one or more filler sections attached to the source of smokable material  111 . The exemplary smoking article comprises a part movable to select a property of the smoking article e.g. a ventilation level. In this example, the movement is a rotation. In some implementations, the smoking article optionally comprises a limiter (limiting mechanism), configured to limit movement to a pre-determined range. 
     The smoking article comprises a first filter section  112  and a second filter section  114 . The first filter section  112  is attached to the source of smokable material to form a single unit. The tobacco rod and first filter section  112  may be connected with a covering layer to affix the first filter section  112  to the tobacco rod, for example formed of sheet material, e.g. tipping paper, as is known. In some examples, the first filter section  112  comprises an additive, for example, carbon. In some examples, the additive can be activated charcoal. 
     The tobacco rod and first filter section are referred to as a first part of the smoking article, or as a tobacco unit, and in some examples, are rigidly connected as a unit. The elongate tobacco rod and first filter section define a longitudinal axis of the smoking article. A rearward direction is defined towards a mouth end of the smoking article, and a forward direction is defined towards a tobacco, or lighting, end of the smoking article. 
     A second part of the smoking article comprises the second filter section  114 . The second filter section  114  is co-axial with the first filter section  112 , and is located rearwardly of the first filter section  112 . The tobacco rod, first filler section  112  and second filter section  114  can be considered as examples of rod articles  110  or a “core” of the smoking article, around which an inner wrap and an outer wrap are wrapped. The smoking article may be formed with one or more rod articles. The tobacco rod and first filter section are configured to rotate as a unit around a longitudinal axis. 
     The first and/or second filter sections  112 , 114  are made of a conventional filtration material, e.g. cellulose acetate tow. The first and/or second filter sections  112 , 114  further comprises a sheet material, for example paper, e.g. 
     plugwrap, which is wrapped around the filtration material. The filtration material and surrounding wrapped sheet material forms an example of a rod article. The first and second and further wraps described are separate and additional to the sheet material wrapped directly around the filtration material or tobacco material, and forming the filter rods or tobacco rod. 
     The smoking article  100  comprises a plurality of layers extending around one or more rod article. Each layer can be in the shape of a cylindrical tube, extending around the circumference of the tobacco rod  111 , first filter section  112  and/or second filter section  114 . The plurality of layers can be formed by one or more blanks of sheet material, wrapped around the rod articles one or more times. In a first embodiment of the invention, a first blank  300  is wrapped directly around the rod articles. A second blank  200  is wrapped around the first blank  300 . In this example, each of the first and second blanks  300 , 200  is wrapped twice around the rod articles  110 . In this implementation, the first blank  300  and a rod article  110  (e.g. first filter section  112  as shown) comprise, or have attached, an indexing mechanism  116 , 304 , which will be described in more detail below. 
       FIG. 2  shows the rod articles  110 , as described with respect to  FIG. 1 . The first blank  300  and second blank  200  are also shown. The alignment of the first and second blanks  300 , 200 , and the rod articles  110 , indicates the attachment of the relevant part of the first blank  300  to the rod articles, and of the second blank  200  to the first blank  300 . The first and second blanks  300 , 200  are each made of a sheet material. In some aspects, the sheet material is paper. The first and second blanks  300 , 200  are each unitary sheets of material. The first and second blanks  300 , 200  each extend in a plurality of layers around the whole circumference of the smoking article. 
     The indexing mechanism comprises a first indexing surface  116  engagable with a second indexing surface  304  configured to move relative to each other with an indexing movement between discrete positions. In some aspects, the indexing can generate an audible click when moved between indexing positions. 
     The first indexing surface comprises ridges and grooves (depressions)  116  on the exterior surface of the first filter section. The ridges and grooves are arranged such that circumferential movement is indexed. In some examples, the ridges and grooves  116  extend substantially longitudinally. The ridges and grooves  116  are defined by an exterior paper wrap and filtration material which together form the first filter section. 
     The second indexing surface comprises one or more upstanding protrusions, which extend radially. The one or more protrusions can be in the form of a pawl  304 . The pawl comprises a radially protruding ridge, comprising an elongate protrusion extending longitudinally. The pawl  304  is configured to engage with features  116  (e.g. ridges) on an exterior of the rod articles, to provide indexing on rotation between an innermost wrap around the rod articles and at least one of the rod articles, in particular, the first filler section  112 . 
     A second indexing surface support unit, also termed a pawl support unit,  306  comprises the pawl  304 . The pawl support unit  306  can be a piece of sheet material which is folded to define the pawl  304 . The pawl  304  has a triangular cross-section to protrude radially inwardly. An apex of the triangular cross-section engages with the features  116 , e.g. ridges, in the first filler section  112 . The pawl support unit  306  comprises a plurality of folds to define the triangular cross-section of the pawl  304 . 
     The pawl support unit  306  extends around only a part of the circumference of the rod articles  110 . The pawl support unit  306  is affixed to a support section  320  of the first blank  300 . The support section  320  extends around the whole circumference of the rod articles  110 . For example, the support section  320  extends around one whole circumference only of the rod articles. The support section  320  wraps around the rod articles  110  in the form of a tube, i.e. a cylindrical tube. The support section  320  is configured to attach to itself, to be secured as a tube extending around the rod article. 
     The first blank  300  is configured to support the pawl  304  in a radial position which allows the pawl  304  to index between the indexing ridges of the first indexing surface. In particular, the pawl unit  306  is supported radially away from at least a part of the first indexing surface, e.g. radially spaced from a radially inner part of the grooves. As such, the engaged first and second indexing surfaces can be considered as spaced apart, whilst being operable to provide indexed movement. 
     The first and second indexing surfaces are in a pre-determined radial position relative to each other. In some aspects, this radial position is at least a minimum separation. In some aspects, the first and second indexing surfaces are spaced apart such that the first and second indexing surfaces are not urged or biased together, or forced into full contact with each other. 
     The first blank  300  comprises at least one spacing section configured to maintain a radial position between the first and second indexing surfaces. In some aspects, the first blank  300  comprises first and second spacing sections  310   a , 30   b  configured to maintain this radial position. The first and second spacing sections  310   a , 310   b  are arranged forwardly and rearwardly of the second indexing surface  304 , respectively. The first and second spacing sections  310   a , 310   b  each comprise a first portion  311   a  frangibly attached to the support section  320 . For example, the blank  300  comprises a plurality of perforations  325  extending circumferentially between the first portions  311   a  and support section  320 . The first and second spacing sections  310   a , 310   b  are elongate sections of sheet material affixed to the first filter section. The first and second spacing sections  310   a , 310   b  are spaced apart longitudinally, providing access therebetween to the first indexing surface. In some examples, the first and/or second spacing sections  310   a , 310   b  are attached to parts of the first indexing surface on the first filter section  112 . The second indexing surface is arranged to contact a further part of the first indexing surface on the first filter section  112 , between the first and second spacing sections  310   a , 310   b.    
     The first and second spacing sections  310   a , 310   b  form both an inner layer and outer layer around the rod article  110 . As such, the first and second spacing sections  310   a , 310   b  extend two times around the whole circumference of the rod articles. The first portions  311   a  of the spacing sections  310   a , 310   b  and support section  320  are configured to form an outer layer of the blank  300 . An inner layer is provided by a second portion  311   b  of the first and second spacing sections  310   a , 310   b.    
     The inner layer and outer layer are wrapped sequentially. In particular, the area of the blank for forming the inner layer is wrapped around the whole circumference of the smoking article, i.e. around the rod articles. The outer layer is integrally formed as part of the same blank, and follows the inner layer. The outer layer is wrapped around the whole circumference. In some aspects, a further extent of blank overlaps with the outer layer, to secure the outer layer as a tube. In some aspects, an overlap also secures the inner layer as a tube. The wrapping of the blank is continuous. 
     The second portions  311   b  are attached directly to the rod article, e.g. the first filler section  112 . The pawl support unit  306  is initially attached to the outer layer of the first blank  300 , i.e. on the support section  320 . 
     The second blank  200  surrounds the support section and first and second spacing sections  310   a , 310   b , 320 . The second blank  200  extends longitudinally over the support section  320  and at least one of the first and second spacing sections  310   a , 310   b . The second blank  200  is attached to the support section. A part of the second blank also contacts at least one of the first and second spacing sections  310   a , 310   b  to support the support section  320  in a pre-determined radial position relative to the first indexing surface  116 . Thus, a layer (e.g. of second blank  200 ) overlies and contacts an exterior surface of at least one of the first and second spacing sections  310   a , 310   b  to support the support section  320  in a pre-determined radial position relative to the first indexing surface  116 . The spacing section provides a spacing of two layers of the sheet material of the blank  300 . In some aspects, the overlying layer is a tubular layer of sheet material. For example, a tubular layer surrounds and extends longitudinally over the support section  320  and rearward second spacing section  310   b  only. 
     The layer providing the support can be the outer layer of the second blank, i.e. outermost layer of the smoking article. The layer providing the support can contact one or more further layers or sections which are affixed to a spacing section. Thus, the section or layer supporting the second indexing surface can contact any suitable radial support, which can be in contact directly with a spacing section, contact with one or more layers affixed to a spacing section, or one or more separate layers affixed to a rod article, e.g. around the second filter section. In some examples, the pawl support section  320  is movable circumferentially within, and/or restrained longitudinally by, the spacing sections  310   a , 310   b.    
       FIG. 3  shows a first embodiment of a second blank  200  configured to form part of a smoking article having at least one of the functions stated above. The blank  200  is dimensioned to be wrapped two times around one or more rod articles, to form a first (outer) layer  240  and a second (inner) layer  230 . The blank  200  comprises a sheet material, in particular, a single layer of sheet material. For example, the sheet material is paper. The first outer layer  240  and second inner layer  230  each extend around a complete circumference of the rod articles. The blank  200  comprises an overlap section  211  extending circumferentially beyond the first layer  240  to overlap and connect (adhere) with the first layer, and secure the blank  200  as a tube. The second blank  200  is configured to wrap around rod article(s) already wrapped by the first blank  300 . The shaded areas of the blanks of any embodiment can indicate the location of adhesive, although adhesive areas may differ from those shown. 
     The blank  200  comprises a plurality of sections which are part of the first part of the smoking article, and a plurality of sections which are part of the second part of the smoking article. The first part is rotatable relative to the second part to control a property of the smoking article, e.g. ventilation. 
     On the first (outer) layer  240 , a first section  213  is a part of the first part. A second section  214  is part of the second part. On the second (inner) layer  230 , a third section  233  and a fourth section  235  is a part of the first part. A fifth section  234 , a control element  250  and a control element support section  236  are part of the second part. The functions of these sections will now be described. Alternatively, the second blank  200  can be considered as comprising a first part having the first section  213 , third section  233  and fourth section  235 . The second part comprises the second section  214 , fifth section  234  and control element support section  236 . All the sections are initially connected on the single blank  200 . The blank  200  can be wrapped as a unit two times around the rod articles. In some aspects, the blank  200  comprises frangible connections to separate sections and allow movement. Sections not separated can remain integral. Each section extends around a whole circumference of the rod articles. 
     The inner layer and outer layer are wrapped sequentially. In particular, the area of the blank for forming the inner layer is wrapped around the whole circumference of the smoking article, i.e. around the rod articles. The outer layer is integrally formed as part of the same blank, and follows the inner layer. The outer layer is wrapped around the whole circumference. In some aspects, a further extent of blank overlaps with the outer layer, to secure the outer layer as a tube. In some aspects, an overlap also secures the inner layer as a tube. The wrapping of the blank is continuous. 
     Sections of the second (inner) layer  230  surround and are attached to the rod articles of the first part, e.g. tobacco rod and filter section, e.g. wrapped by the first blank  300 . The second (inner) layer  230  surrounds and is attached to the rod articles of the second part e.g. second filter section. For example, the fifth section  234  is attached to the second filter section  114 , either directly or through one or more separate spacing layers. 
     The third section  233 , fourth section  235  and control element support section  236  are located around the rod articles of the first part. For example, all these sections  233 , 235 , 236  are located around the first filter section. The third section  233  and fourth section  235  are attached to the rod article of the first part, and move with the first filter section. The third section  233  is affixed to the exterior of the forward spacing section  310   a . The fourth section  235  is affixed to the rearward spacing section  310   b . As such, the fourth section  235  provides a spacing layer, and in some examples, an exterior of the fourth section provides a contact surface used to support the radial position of the second section. In some aspects, the width of the fourth section is substantially the same as (or less than) the second spacing section  310   b.    
     The control element support section  236  is movable around the rod articles of the first part. In particular, the control element support section  236  is moveable circumferentially around the first filter section  112  and/or first indexing surface  116 . In some aspects, the control element support section  236  is affixed to the pawl support section  320  on the first blank. Thus, movement of the control element support section  236  is indexed. 
     The first section  213  is affixed to the underlying third section  233 . The second section  214  is affixed to the underlying control element support section  236  over an area  214   a , and is affixed to the underlying fifth section  234  over an area  214   c . The second section  214  overlies the fourth section  234  over an area  214   b , and is not affixed to the fourth section  234 . 
     The second blank  200  is wrapped around the rod articles as a single sheet. All of the sections of the second blank  200  are initially attached to each other, and are separable as described with frangible connections. In some aspects, the second blank  200  comprises a single sheet to which frangible connections are formed to define the different sections. The sections which are not separable by a frangible connection, or cut-out, are considered to remain integrally formed. Thus, the first and third sections  213 , 233  are integral, and can be considered as a single two-layer wrap. Similarly, the control element support section  236 , second section  214  and fifth section  234  are integral, and can be considered as a single two-layer wrap. The control element support section  236  is initially integrally formed with an outer layer, which is wrapped continuously around the control element support section  236 . 
     The second blank  200  comprises sections which are engagable to limit movement between the first and second parts of the smoking article. In some aspects, the third section  233  and control element support section  236  are configured to engage to limit the range of rotation between the first and second parts of the smoking article. 
     One of the third section and control element support section defines the control element, or tab,  250 . In this example, the control element  250  is a part of the control element support section  236 . The control element  250  is a portion of the blank which extends longitudinally beyond an adjacent part of the section defining the control element. For example, the control element  250  is an integral part of the control element support section  236  of the blank  200 . The control element  250  is in the same radial layer as the control element support section  236  of the blank  200 . The control element support section  236  extends around the whole circumference of the smoking article or rod articles. The control element support section  236  is a tube, e.g. a cylindrical tube. The control element support section  236  can be considered as having one or two layers extending around the rod articles. Any of these features is applicable to any embodiment. 
     In some aspects, the control element  250  defines a longitudinally extreme area of the section on which it is formed. In some aspects, the control element  250  is a longitudinally extreme (forward) part of the blank  200  which is part of the second part of the smoking article. The control element extends longitudinally beyond a remainder of the control element support section  236 . The support section to which the control element is attached extends circumferentially beyond the control element  250 . In some examples, the support section extends circumferentially beyond the control element on one longitudinal side only of the control element. 
     The control element  250  is movable circumferentially within a limited range. The control element  250  is movable between a first engaging surface  233   a  and a second engaging surface  233   b . The first engaging surface  233   a  and second engaging surface  233   b  define a circumferentially extending channel  239  in which the control element  250  is movable. A part of the channel  239  is configured to allow ventilating air to pass therethrough. Thus, part of the circumferential extent of the channel  239  can be considered as a ventilation aperture. 
     The channel  239  is open along a longitudinal edge. In particular, the longitudinal edge of the channel  239  facing the control element  250  is open. This longitudinal edge extends substantially circumferentially. The channel  239  defines a longitudinal extreme or boundary of the section defining the channel  239 . The first engaging surface  233   a  and the second engaging surface  233   b  are defined by a section of the blank  200  which is part of the other of the first or second part of the blank from the control element. The first engaging surface  233   a  and the second engaging surface  233   b  extend substantially longitudinally. 
     A single blank comprises the tab and a section defining the first and second engaging surfaces. In particular, a same layer of the same blank comprises the tab and a section defining the first and second engaging surfaces. The blank is arranged to frangibly separate or be cut to allow movement of the tab between the first and second engaging surfaces. 
     The control element  250  defines first and second limiting surfaces  253   a ,  253   b  at the edges of the control element in the axis of movement, i.e. at the circumferential edge of the control element  250 . Contact of the first and second limiting surfaces  253   a ,  253   b  of the control element  250  between the first engaging surface  233   a  and the second engaging surface  233   b  limits relative rotation between the first and second parts. The rotation of the first part to the second part determines ventilation of the smoking article. In some aspects, the allowed range of rotation corresponds to a variation between a minimum and maximum ventilation level. 
     The first and second limiting surfaces  253   a ,  253   b  of the control element  250  extend substantially longitudinally. In some examples, the first and second limiting surfaces  253   a ,  253   b  of the control element  250  extend longitudinally beyond the section to which the control element attached. The first and second limiting surfaces  253   a ,  253   b  of the control element  250  are circumferentially positioned within the circumferential extent of the remainder of the section defining the control element. For example, the remainder of the section (control element support section  236 ) defining the control element extends around the whole circumference of the rod articles. The control element extends over only a part of the circumference. The control element  250  extends over only a relatively small proportion of the circumference of the smoking article. For example, the control element  250  extends over less than half the circumference. The control element  250  and the spacing of the first and second engaging surfaces  233   a ,  233   b  can be dimensioned to limit rotational movement to between 90 and 180 degrees, and in particular, to between 110 and 140 degrees, and more particularly, to approximately 120 degrees. 
     The first limiting surface  253   a  of the control element  250  and the first engaging surface  233   a  extend parallel to each other, and/or are complementary in shape. In some aspects, the second limiting surface  253   b  of the control element  250  and the second engaging surface  233   b  extend parallel to each other, and/or are complementary in shape. For example, the first and second limiting surfaces and the first and second engaging surfaces extend substantially longitudinally. 
     The control element  250  has a further function in controlling the ventilation of the smoking article. In particular, the control element  250  directly controls the ventilation of the smoking article by selectively covering or dosing one or more ventilation areas. The control element  250  is configured to be movable into alignment with one or more ventilation areas in a radially adjacent part of the smoking article. The control element  250  is formed of a material which is substantially impermeable to air, in particular, paper which is not permeable to air. The control element  250  is configured to cover the one or more ventilation areas of the smoking areas, such that ventilation air cannot enter the smoking article through an area which is covered by the control element  250 . The control element is impermeable to air between the first and second limiting surfaces  253   a ,  253   b . The first and second limiting surfaces  253   a ,  253   b  define both the limits of rotation and define the amount of ventilation area which is covered or uncovered. The area of ventilation area covered by the control element  250  is variable and determines the ventilation. 
     Thus, the control element  250  has the dual function of both directly controlling a level of ventilation by covering one or more ventilation apertures and limiting movement of the control element to a pre-determined range, e.g. between maximum and minimum levels of ventilation. 
     The wrapped second blank  200  provides a connection between the second filter section  114  and the first filter section  112 . This connection connects the second indexing surface (e.g. pawl  304 ) with the second filter section  114 . The second indexing surface  304 , second filter section  114 , and second part of the smoking article, are movable circumferentially, and restrained longitudinally. In some examples, the longitudinal restraint is to a single longitudinal position, relative to the first part of the smoking article. In particular, the outer layer of the second blank  200  provides this connection. The outer layer of sheet material providing this connection surrounds, but does not itself provide, an indexing mechanism and/or rotation limitation mechanism. 
     The connection by the second blank  200  of the second filter section  114  to the first part of the smoking article comprises the fifth section  234 , second section  214  and control element support section  236 . The fifth section  234  is attached to the second filter section  114 . The control element support section  236  is attached to the pawl support section  320  and/or is located forwardly of the fourth section  235 . The blank  200  connects the second filter section  114  to control element support section  236 . In particular, the outer layer of the blank  200  (i.e. second section  214 ) provides the connection, e.g. between the fifth section  234  and control element support section  236 . The blank  200  provides an integral tube of material connecting the second filter section  114  to a contacting surface arranged to limit longitudinal movement, e.g. rearward movement of the second filter section  114  away from the first filter section. The contacting surface can substantially prevent longitudinal movement between the first and second parts of the smoking article in a single direction. 
     The connecting tube comprises two radial layers (i.e. two layers around the whole circumference) at a forward and rearward end, connected by a single layer. The connecting tube is integrally formed, e.g. from a single sheet of material. The fifth section  234 , second section and control element support section  236  are integrally formed. Thus, a secure connection of the second filter section is provided. 
     The rearward area of the outer layer of the second blank  200  (second section  214 ) extends over, and is not affixed to, the rearward spacing section  310   b  of the first blank  300 . As is also applicable to other embodiments, the outermost layer  240  of the blanks wrapped around the rod articles provides the only connection between the first and second filter sections. The attachment of the outermost layer to the first filter section is through a section (e.g. the pawl support section  320 ) which is restrained by an adjacent, separable, part (fourth section  235 ) of the blank in a longitudinal direction. These features can also be present, optionally in a modified form, in other embodiments of the invention. 
     In the example of  FIG. 3 , the blank  200  comprises one or more ventilation areas  270 . In particular, a ventilation area  270  is formed in a part of the blank  200  for forming a different layer to the control element  250 . In some aspects, the first (outer) layer  240  comprises the ventilation area  270  and the second (inner) layer  230  comprises the control element  250 . 
     The control element  250  and ventilation area  270  are on adjacent layers. The channel  239  and ventilation aperture  270  are defined on separate (adjacent) layers of the smoking article, and are fixed relatively to each other. The control element  250  is movable relative to both the layer defining the channel and to the layer defining one or more ventilation area  270 . The control element  250  is movable within the channel, and the control element  250  and so the control element is not merely any part of the layer defining the channel. The amount of area of the ventilation area  270  which is covered/uncovered directly by the control element is the only factor in determining the variation of ventilation area of the smoking article. In particular, further parts of the smoking article, e.g. the section defining the channel in which the control element is movable, are not configured to cover a ventilation area in the present invention to control a level of ventilation. The ventilation area  270  and first and second engaging surfaces  233   a , 233   b  are defined by a plurality of integral layers of sheet material, e.g. two layers of the same sheet of material. 
     The ventilation area  270  is elongate, extending in a direction in which the control element  250  is movable, i.e. circumferentially. The ventilation area  270  has a length which is shorter than a length of the channel  239 . In some examples, the length of the ventilation area  270  is substantially the same as the length (i.e. in a circumferential direction) of travel of the control element  250  within the channel  239 . This allows the control element  250  to be movable only between an extreme position in which the ventilation area  270  is fully covered (minimum ventilation, control element  250  contacting the first engaging surface  233   a ) and a further extreme position in which the ventilation area  270  is fully open (maximum ventilation, control element  250  contacting the second engaging surface  233   b ). The approximate equivalence of length of travel of the control element  250  and ventilation area  270  means that any movement of the control element  250  within the channel  239  (i.e. of the first part of the smoking article relative to the second part of the smoking article) changes the ventilation of the smoking article. A variation of the position of the control element directly varies ventilation across at least a majority of the distance between the first and second engaging surfaces. In some examples, a variation of the position of the control element directly varies ventilation across substantially a whole distance between the first and second engaging surfaces. Thus, the ventilation varies with the position of the control element. 
     The ventilation area  270  is shown as a single ventilation area. Alternatively, the ventilation area  270  comprises a plurality of apertures, in particular, a plurality of apertures in a direction of movement of the control element  250 . The ventilation area  270  comprises a plurality of separate apertures in a circumferential direction. In some aspects, the ventilation area  270  further comprises a plurality of apertures in a longitudinal direction. The ventilation area  270  comprises a grid or array of apertures. For example, the apertures are formed by electroperforation (EP). 
     For a single aperture, the control element  250  covering a part of the aperture substantially limits ventilating air to the uncovered area. However, in some circumstances some ventilating air can travel circumferentially within the ventilation aperture, increasing the ventilation. The plurality of apertures isolates air flow through the ventilation area to flow in each ventilation aperture separately. Therefore, covering of one or more apertures can more effectively limit air flow to only the uncovered area. 
     In some aspects, the control element  250  is arranged to selectively cover at least one ventilation area. In some examples, the ventilation area comprises a plurality of apertures in a direction of movement of the control element  250 . The ventilation area can be formed as part of the same blank, a separate (e.g. inner) blank wrapped around a rod article (e.g. on blank  300 ) or on an a separate outer wrap surrounding the control element. In particular, the control element  250  is movable to cover a plurality of radially spaced and at least partially aligned ventilation apertures. At least one of the radially spaced ventilation apertures comprises comprising a plurality of apertures in a direction of movement of the control element  250 . 
     The second blank  200  does not directly define the first or second indexing surface. The first indexing surface is defined on the first filter section, for example as described above. The second indexing surface is defined on an annular layer extending around the first indexing section, for example as described above. The blank  200  is configured to connect with the second indexing section. In particular, the control element support section  236  is configured to connect with an exterior of the unit defining the second indexing section. For example, the control element support section  236  is attached with adhesive to an exterior of the second indexing section unit. The section defining the control element is also attached to a part of the inner wrap  300  defining the second indexing surface  304 . In one aspect, the control element  250  is also defined by the control element support section  236 , such that the section of the blank defining the control element  250  is directly affixed to the support section  320 . The control element  250  is connected to the indexing mechanism such that movement of the control element between the engaging surfaces  233   a ,  233   b  is in a plurality of discrete steps, corresponding to discrete ventilation levels. 
     The fourth section  235  is attached to a rod article of the first part, e.g. the first filler section  112 . The first part of the smoking article comprises the fourth section  235 . The fourth section  235  is separable, or separate, from the adjacent sections  234 , 236  on the inner layer of the second blank  200 . For example, the second blank  200  comprises a frangible connection of the fourth section  235  to the remainder of the blank  200 , e.g. perforations  225  around the fourth section. 
     In some examples, the fourth section  235  also has a frangible connection to the corresponding section on the outer layer, i.e. section  214   c . The frangible connections are configured to be broken on first rotation between the first and second sections. 
     In any embodiment, the smoking article is configured to limit or prevent longitudinal movement between the rotationally movable parts of the smoking article, e.g. the control element and engaging surfaces. The wrapped blank is arranged to define contacting surfaces which limit or prevent longitudinal movement. In some aspects, the contacting surfaces limit movement in a direction in which the first and second filter sections are urged apart. The direction can alternatively be defined as the first and second parts of the smoking article are moved apart, or a rearward part urged rearwardly. In some examples, different contacting surfaces limit or prevent longitudinal movement in the opposite direction. 
     In some aspects, the contacting surfaces extend substantially circumferentially. In some examples, the contacting surfaces extend around the whole circumference of the smoking article. This large extent of the contacting surfaces ensures that longitudinal separation of the movable parts of the smoking article is difficult or does not occur. 
     One of the contacting surfaces configured to limit or prevent longitudinal movement can be defined by the control element support section, in any embodiment. For example, the contacting surface can be on an opposite longitudinal side of the control element support section to the control element. In some aspects, the contacting surface is an annular or raised edge, for example, provided by a wrapped tubular sheet material. The contacting surface extends radially and circumferentially. Thus, the arrangement of the control element support section and control element (e.g. which are integral and in the same radial layer), provides for limiting both longitudinal and rotational movement, and directly determining ventilation. 
     In some aspects, the fourth section  235  is located between two sections of the second part, and the aligned section  214   c  on the outer layer is also part of the second part. The sections of the second part surrounding the fourth section substantially prevent the second part from moving longitudinally relative to the first part. The sections of the second part  234 , 214 , 236  extend over and into the same radial layer as the tubular raised edge of the fourth section  235 . In particular, contact between the control element support section  236  and fourth section  235  prevents the second part from moving longitudinally rearwardly relative to the first part. Contact between the fifth section  234  and fourth section  235  prevents the second part from moving longitudinally forwardly relative to the first part. The contact of the fourth section  234  with the adjacent sections  235 , 236  is with circumferentially extending edges, such that relative circumferential movement is possible. 
     In a further aspect, the pawl support section  320  provides one or more contacting surfaces configured to prevent or limit longitudinal movement between the first and second parts of the smoking article. The circumferentially extending edges of the pawl support section  320  and first and/or second spacing sections  310   a , 310   b  can engage to prevent longitudinal movement. 
     The sections of the second blank  200  defining the first part of the smoking article are frangibly attached to sections of the blank  200  defining the second part of the smoking article. In particular, the control element support section  236  is frangibly attached to the third section  233  by a frangible connection  226  on the inner layer. A part of the frangible connection  226   a  initially connects the control element  250  to the adjacent section, i.e. third section  233 . The second section  214   a  is frangibly attached to the first section  213  by a frangible connection  228  extending onto the outer layer  240  of the blank  200 , and connecting with the connection  226 . The frangible connections  226 , 228  are substantially aligned with each other. Both frangible connections  226 , 228  extend substantially circumferentially at the same longitudinal position. For example, any of the frangible connections on the blank can comprise a plurality of perforations extending between the sections which are operable to move relative to each other in use. 
     The shaded areas shown are arranged to connect with a radially adjacent surface, on a radially inner side of the shaded area. The adjacent surface can be an inner layer of sheet material, for example, the section  214   a  is connected to section  236 . The adjacent section can be a rod article, for example fifth section  234  is connected to second filter section (or a spacer wrapped only around the second filter section). In some aspects, the rod articles are wrapped with one or more layers of sheet material (not shown) within the second blank  200 , e.g. the first blank  300 , and to which the blank  200  is attached. The connection can be by an adhesive. In particular, the second blank  200  is coated with an adhesive prior to wrapping around the rod articles. 
     In some examples, the first blank  300  wraps around only the first filter section  112 . An exterior of the wrapped first blank  300  is a cylinder of substantially uniform diameter over the longitudinal extent of the wrapped first blank  300 . The uniform diameter (e.g. of a spacing section) provides a substantially smooth surface over which the control element  250  of the second blank  200  is movable. For example, one of the spacing sections provides a smooth, e.g. cylindrical, exterior surface over which the control element  250  can rotate. The control element  250  is movable underneath the outer layer of the blank  200 . The exterior of the wrapped blank  200  can have substantially the same diameter as the further rod articles  110  on which the blank  200  is wrapped. In particular, the second filler section  114  and/or tobacco rod  111  can be dimensioned, or can be overwrapped with one or more layers of sheet material, to have the same external diameter as the wrapped first filter section  112 . The substantially equal diameters of the rod articles allow wrapping and attachment of the blank  200 . 
     In a further embodiment (not shown), the first blank  300  comprises only the first and second spacing sections  310   a , 310   b . The first and second spacing sections  310   a , 310   b  are not connected by a support section, and are separate sections of sheet material, wrapped around the rod article  110  in the same location as described in  FIG. 2 . The first and second spacing sections  310   a , 310   b  can be configured to wrap once around the rod articles to form a single spacing layer, or configured to wrap two times around the rod articles to form two spacing layers. The inner layer and outer layer are wrapped sequentially. In particular, the area of the blank for forming the inner layer is wrapped around the whole circumference of the smoking article, i.e. around the rod articles. The outer layer is integrally formed as part of the same blank, and follows the inner layer. The outer layer is wrapped around the whole circumference. In some aspects, a further extent of blank overlaps with the outer layer, to secure the outer layer as a tube. In some aspects, an overlap also secures the inner layer as a tube. The wrapping of the blank is continuous. 
     The pawl support unit  306  comprising the pawl  304  is attached to the second blank  200 . In particular, the pawl support unit  306  is attached to a section of the second blank  200  defining the control element (as described below). The pawl  304  has the same function as described above of extending between the spacing sections  310  to engage with the first indexing surface. 
     The plurality of layers around the rod articles can be considered as divided into sections. The sections generally form a part of either the first part or the second part of the smoking article. In some aspects, one or more sections are not attached to either the first or second part, where the rotational position of such a section does not relate to the determination of the property of the smoking article. 
     In some examples, in order to control the property of the smoking article, the smoking article can have at least one of the following characteristics. The first part and second part each extend over an external surface of the smoking article. This allows a user to grip both the first and second parts, and generate relative movement between the first and second parts, e.g. a relative rotation. The first and second indexing surfaces are configured to engage to provide indexing movement. This feature is optional, and the property of the smoking article can be controlled without requiring indexing. 
     The fourth section  235  as described is optional. In particular, the function of preventing longitudinal movement provided by the fourth section  235  can instead, or only, be provided by the support section  320  movable only circumferentially between the spacing sections  310   a , 310   b . The blank  200  comprises a plurality of layers defining a first part of the smoking article in a forward area, and a second part of the smoking article in a rearward area. 
       FIG. 4  shows a second example of a blank  400 . The blank  400  is substantially the same as the blank  200 , and equivalent parts have been labelled the same. The blank  400  is also configured to be wrapped around the blank  300 , and around one or more rod articles  110  of a smoking article. 
     The blank  400  differs from the blank  200  in the location of the frangible connection between the first and second parts. In particular, in the blank  400  the frangible connection between the first and second parts on the inner layer of the blank (when wrapped) is not aligned with the frangible connection between the first and second parts on the outer layer of the blank (when wrapped). The interface between first and second parts of the smoking article is spaced apart in the plurality of layers. 
     In particular, the control element support section  236  is frangibly attached to the third section  233  by a frangible connection  426  on the inner layer. A part of the frangible connection  426   a  initially connects the control element  250  to the adjacent section, i.e. third section  233 . In the example shown, the frangible connection  426  extends on both circumferential sides of the control element  250 . Alternatively, the control element  250  is at a circumferential end of the inner layer  230  initially, such that the frangible connection  426  extends in only a single connection from the control element  250 . 
     The second section  214  is frangibly attached to the first section  213  by a frangible connection  428  extending onto the outer layer  240  of the blank  200 , and connecting with the connection  426 . For example, the frangible connections comprise a plurality of perforations extending circumferentially between the sections such that the blank is configured to preferentially tear along the perforations, and allow the sections to move relatively to each other in use. 
     The frangible connections of the inner and outer layers  426 , 428  are offset from each other in a longitudinal direction. In particular, the frangible connections  426 ,  428  are not substantially aligned with each other. Both frangible connections  426 , 428  extend substantially circumferentially at different longitudinal positions. The frangible connection  426   a  extends circumferentially at a further different longitudinal position. The frangible connections  426 , 428  are connected by a longitudinal extending frangible connection  429 . Thus, a forward and rearward part of the blank  400 , on both inner and outer layers, are movable relative to each other when the frangible connections  426 , 426   a , 428 , 429  are broken on application of a force to change ventilation for the first time. The interface between the forward and rearward part of the blank  400  is longitudinally spaced apart on the inner and outer tubular layers provided by wrapping the blank  400 . 
     The different locations of the frangible connections  426 , 428  (or interface between first and second parts of the smoking article) means that air cannot be drawn into the smoking article directly radially through aligned gaps between the sections of the blank  400  at the frangible connections. Instead, air entering through such gaps must also be drawn longitudinally. Thus, the amount of air drawn into the smoking through such gaps is reduced, improving control of the level of ventilation using the defined ventilation apertures. 
       FIG. 5  shows a third embodiment of a blank  500 . A smoking article comprising the blank  500  has substantially the same functions as described above. Features have the same arrangement and function unless otherwise described. 
     The blank  500  is configured to wrap directly around one or more rod articles of a smoking article, in particular, around only the first filter section  112 . As described above, the first filter section  112  defines a first indexing surface. The blank  500  is configured to define three complete layers extending around the circumference of the first filter section, and comprises areas to define an inner layer: first layer  510 ; an intermediate layer: second layer  520 ; and an outer layer: third layer  530 . The first, second and third layers  510 , 520 , 530  are integrally formed on a single piece of sheet material, arranged to be wrapped three times around the circumference of a rod article. In some examples, the blank  500  is overwrapped with a further separate layer, from a further blank  600 , which is shown in FIG.  6 . The blank  500  is an alternate to both the first and second blanks  300 , 200  described with respect to  FIGS. 2 and 3 . 
     The first layer  510  comprises first and second spacing sections  512   a ,  512   b . The first and second spacing sections  512   a ,  512   b  are configured to directly attach to and circumscribe a rod article, in particular, the first filler section  112  defining the first indexing surface. The first and second spacing sections  512   a ,  512   b  have the function of spacing the first and second indexing surfaces at the correct radial distance to allow indexing. The first and second spacing sections  512   a ,  512   b  are longitudinally spaced apart. The configuration of the first and second spacing sections  512   a ,  512   b  is substantially the same as the second (inner) portions  311   b  of the blank  300 . A control element  550  is configured to directly overlie one of the spacing sections  512   a ,  512   b . The control element is movable over the spacing section  512   a , the spacing section providing a substantially smooth exterior surface over which the control element is easily moved. The control element is spaced by the spacing section from the first filter section. The first filler section defines the first indexing surface, and so does not provide a smooth surface for the control element. 
     One of the first and second spacing sections  512   a ,  512   b , shown as the first spacing section  512   a , comprises a first ventilation area  570  in an inner layer  510 . The first ventilation area  570  comprises a plurality of apertures, in particular, a plurality of apertures in a direction of movement of the movable control element  550 , i.e. a plurality of separate apertures in a circumferential direction. In some aspects, the first ventilation area  570  further comprises a plurality of apertures in a longitudinal direction. The first ventilation area  570  comprises a grid or array of apertures. For example, the apertures are formed by electroperforation (EP). 
     The second layer  520  of the blank  500  comprises the control element  550 , having the same function as the control element  250  described above. In particular, the control element  550  defines a longitudinally extreme part of the section on which it is formed. A section attached to the control element  550  extends around the whole circumference of the rod articles. The control element  550  is movable circumferentially within a limited range. The control element  550  is movable between a first engaging surface  533   a  and a second engaging surface  533   b . The first engaging surface  533   a  and second engaging surface  533   b  define a circumferentially extending channel  539  in which the control element  550  is movable, as described above. 
     The control element  550  defines first and second limiting surfaces  553   a ,  553   b  at the edges of the control element in the axis of movement, i.e. at the circumferential edge of the control element  550 . Contact of the first and second limiting surfaces  553   a ,  553   b  of the control element  250  between the first engaging surface  533   a  and the second engaging surface  533   b  (as shown) limits relative rotation between the first and second parts of the smoking article. 
     The control element  550  has a further function in controlling the ventilation of the smoking article. In particular, the control element  550  directly controls the ventilation of the smoking article by selectively covering one or more ventilation areas. The control element  550  is configured to be movable over one or more ventilation areas in a radially adjacent, and integrally formed, part of the smoking article. The control element  550  is formed of a material which is substantially impermeable to air, in particular, paper which is not permeable to air. The control element  550  is configured to cover the one or more ventilation areas of the smoking areas, such that ventilation air cannot enter the smoking article through an area which is covered by the control element  550 . The control element is impermeable to air between the first and second limiting surfaces  553   a ,  553   b . The first and second limiting surfaces  553   a ,  553   b  define both the limits of rotation and define the amount of ventilation area which is covered or uncovered. 
     Thus, the control element  550  has the dual function of both directly controlling a level of ventilation by covering a part of a ventilation area and limiting relative movement of the first and second parts of the smoking article between maximum and minimum levels of ventilation. 
     The control element  550  is formed on a support section  522  of the blank  500 . The control element extends longitudinally beyond a remainder of the control element support section  522  defining the second layer  520 . The control element  550  defines the longitudinally extreme area of the section to which the control element is attached. Thus, the first and second limiting surfaces  553   a ,  553   b  of the control element  550  extend longitudinally beyond the section to which the control element attached. The control element support section  522  is a tube. The control element is curved as a part of that tube. 
     The support section  522  further functions as a support for the second indexing surface. In particular, the second indexing surface comprises a pawl  304  formed on a pawl support unit  306 , which is attached to the support section  522 . The pawl  304  is configured to extend between the first and second spacing sections  512   a ,  512   b , and engage with the first indexing surface. The pawl and pawl support unit are substantially as described with respect to the blank  200 . Thus, the second layer  520  of the blank comprises both the control element  550  which directly controls ventilation and limits movement between a maximum and a minimum ventilation, and also supports or comprises the second indexing surface. 
     The control element  550  and ventilation area  570  are on different layers, e.g. on initially connected areas. The channel  539  and ventilation aperture  570  are defined on separate layers of the smoking article, and are fixed relatively to each other. The control element  550  is movable relative to both the layer defining the channel and to the layer defining one or more ventilation area  570 . The control element  550  is movable within the channel, and the control element  550  covering ventilation area  570  is not merely any part of the layer defining the channel. The amount of area of the ventilation area which is covered/uncovered directly by the control element is the only factor in determining the variation of ventilation area of the smoking article. In particular, further parts of the smoking article, e.g. the section defining the channel in which the control element is movable, are not configured to cover a ventilation area in the present invention to control a level of ventilation. 
     The third layer  530  of the blank  500  comprises a second ventilation area  572 . The second ventilation area  572  is on one of the spacing sections  512   a ,  512   b , in particular, the same (first) spacing section as the first ventilation area  570 . The second ventilation area  572  is a single ventilation area or aperture. The single ventilation area allows the control element  550  to be clearly seen through the second ventilation area  572 , providing an indication to a user of the position of the control element  550 , and hence the level of ventilation. Alternatively, the second ventilation area  572  can comprise a plurality of ventilation apertures. The control element  550  can still be visible through a plurality of apertures. At least one of the first and second ventilation apertures  570 , 572  comprises a plurality of apertures to effectively control ventilation in response to a position of the control element  550 , as described above. 
     The movable control element  550  is located radially between the first and second ventilation apertures  570 , 572 . The first and second ventilation apertures  570 , 572  are at least partially aligned with each. In particular, the first and second ventilation apertures  570 , 572  have substantially the same extent in a direction of movement of the control element  550 , i.e. circumferential extent. The first and second ventilation apertures  570 , 572  are substantially aligned with each other. Thus, the control element  550  is configured to simultaneously cover the first and second ventilation apertures  570 , 572  to control ventilation. Ventilating air passes radially directly through both the first and second ventilation apertures  570 , 572 , and through the channel  539 , over the area not covered by the impermeable control element  550 . 
     The third layer  530  of the blank  500  comprises the first and second spacing sections  512   a ,  512   b  and the support section  522 . Thus, the third layer  530  has substantially the same arrangement as the second layer. The third layer  530  is arranged to overlie the control element  530 . In particular, the first or second spacing section  512   a ,  512   b  defining the second ventilation aperture  572  overlies the control element  550 . 
     The blank  500  comprises only the first and second spacing sections  512   a ,  512   b  (extending over the first, second and third layers), and the support section  522  (extending over the second and third layers). The first and second spacing sections  512   a ,  512   b  and support section  522  are configured to be movable to each other, to control ventilation. In particular, the support section  522  is rotatable between the longitudinally spaced first and second spacing sections  512   a ,  512   b . As such, the support section  522  is limited from longitudinal movement by engagement with the first and second spacing sections  512   a ,  512   b . The support section  522  and first and/or second spacing sections  512   a ,  512   b  can be considered as having contacting surfaces configured to limit or prevent longitudinal movement when wrapped. The contacting surfaces can function substantially as described above. 
     The first and second spacing sections  512  and support section  522  are initially connected by a first and second frangible connection  526 , 528  extending over the second and third layers. The frangible connections  526 ,  528  are substantially as described above, e.g. circumferentially extending line of perforations. The connection  526  comprises a part  526   a  where the control element  550  is frangibly attached to a spacing section  512   a.    
     A smoking article comprising first, second and third layers from the blank  500  can also comprise a further blank  600 , as shown in detail in  FIG. 6 . The blank  600  is configured to overwrap the layers formed by the blank  500  already wrapped on the rod articles  110 . 
       FIG. 6  shows the blank  600  comprises a sheet material dimensioned to form a single layer, being the outer layer of the smoking article. The blank  600  is dimensioned to extend longitudinally around the first filter section  112 , second filler section  114  and optionally also the tobacco rod  111 . In some examples, the blank  600  connects the first filter section  112  and tobacco rod. The blank  600  connects the second filter section  114  to the first filter section, whilst allowing relative movement between the filter sections  112 ,  114 . The blank  600  is configured to allow the selection of ventilation as described above, and does not affect the selection of the ventilation. In some examples, the blank provides a base level of ventilation into the smoking article. 
     The blank  600  is configured to form a tube, extending around the whole circumference of the smoking articles. The blank  600  comprises a ventilation area  670  extending at least over the area of the first and second ventilation area  570 , 572  of the blank  500 . The ventilation area  670  can extend over at least the length of the channel  539  in which the control element  550  is movable. In particular the ventilation area  670  extends around the whole circumference of the blank  600 . Thus, the change of ventilation of the smoking article is independent of the ventilation area  670 . In some examples, the section of the blank  600  defining the ventilation area  670  is movable with the control element  550 , and so is movable around the first and second ventilation apertures. The ventilation area  670  is at least long enough to extend over the whole circumferential length of the first and second ventilation apertures  570 , 572  over the whole length of movement of the control element  550 . 
     The blank  600  comprises a first section  611  arranged to connect to the second filler section  114 . The first section  611  can have adhesive applied, to provide the attachment to the second filter section  114 . 
     The blank  600  comprises a second section  612  overlying the second spacing section  512   b . The second section  612  is not attached to the second spacing section  512   b , and has no adhesive applied around the whole circumference in the area overlying the second spacing section  512   b . Thus, the wrapped blank  600  is movable over the second spacing section  512   b.    
     The blank  600  comprises a plurality of ventilation apertures  680  providing a base level of ventilation, e.g. in the second section  612 . The ventilation area provided by the ventilation apertures  680  is substantially independent of the level of ventilation selected by rotation of the first and second parts of the smoking article. The ventilation apertures  680  extend around the whole circumference of the blank  600 . The second spacing section  512   b  underlying the ventilation apertures  680  has further ventilation apertures (shown as dashed line) or is formed of a porous material to allow base ventilating air into the smoking article. 
     The blank  600  comprises a third section  613  overlying the support section  522  of the blank  500 . The third section  613  is configured to attach to the support section  522 , such that the third section  613  (and integral parts of the blank  600 ) rotate with the second indexing surface and control element  550 . For example, adhesive is applied to the third section  613  prior to wrapping of the blank  600  around the blank  500  and rod articles  110 . Thus, the second filter section  114  is securely and movably attached to the first part of the smoking article. 
     The third section  613  is attached to the support section  522 , which is prevented from longitudinal movement (i.e. perpendicular to the indexing direction) by the first and second spacing sections  512   a ,  512   b . Thus, the blank  600  is also prevented from longitudinal movement when wrapped. 
     The first, second and third sections  611 , 612 , 613  of the blank  600  are integrally formed, for example, as described for the second section  214  of the blank  200 . The blank  600  provides a connection between a mouth end rod article, e.g. the second filter section, and the second indexing surface. The blank  600  couples the second filter section to the first filter section, and allows relative movement. The blank  600  provides an exterior surface of the smoking article which can be manipulated by a user to select ventilation. For example, the first, second and third sections  611 , 612 , 613  of the blank  600  provide a larger area than the support section  522  which can be gripped and turned relative to the first part of the smoking article, to control ventilation. In some aspects, the blank  600  provides a connection between the second filter section and a contacting surface configured to prevent longitudinal movement. 
     The blank  600  further comprises a fourth section  614  overlying the first support section  512   a . The fourth section  614  is movable around the first spacing section  512   a , and is not attached to the fourth section  614 . The fourth section  614  defines the ventilation area  670 . 
     The fourth section  614  provides a further area of the second part which can be gripped by a user. The fourth section  614  allows ventilation therethrough (through the ventilation area  670 ), and is also movable relative to the first and second ventilation areas  570 , 572 . A cross-section through the wrapped blanks  500 , 600  at the location of the fourth section  614  indicates four layers which alternate in attachment to the first and second parts of the smoking article. Thus, all four layers are movable relative to an adjacent layer. In order from adjacent the rod article  110 , the wrapped layers are: first support section  512   a  (first part), control element  550  (second part), first support section  512   a  (first part) and fourth section  614  (second part). 
     The blank  600  further comprises a frangible connection  626  configured to allow separation of the fourth section  614  of the blank  600  from a further fifth section  615 . The frangible connection  626  can be formed by perforations in the material of the blank  600 , extending circumferentially. 
     The fifth section  615  overlies the first support section  512   a . The fifth section  615  is configured to attach to the first support section  512   a . For example, adhesive is applied to the fifth section  615  prior to wrapping of the blank  600  around the blank  500  and rod articles  110 . Thus, once the frangible connection  626  is broken, the fifth section  615  is movable with the first part of the smoking article, i.e. is affixed to the first indexing surface and/or first filter section. 
     The integral first, second, third and fourth sections  611 , 612 , 613 ,  614  define a tube which is maintained in a radial position by contact with one of the spacing sections (e.g. rearward spacing section  512   b ). The tube is attached to, and supports, the second indexing surface  304 . Therefore, the radial position of second indexing surface  304  is maintained. 
     The second part of the smoking articles comprises the first, second, third and fourth sections  611 , 612 , 613 ,  614  of the blank  600 . 
     Alternatively, the frangible connection can be between the third and fourth sections  613 , 614 , and the fourth section  614  is a part of the first part of the smoking article. 
     The embodiment described is an example only of a smoking article having an inner layer and an outer layer around one or more rod articles. The inner and/or outer layers may be configured differently, with less or more separation lines or adhesive areas. The outer wrap is at least partially arranged around the inner wrap, such that at least part of the inner wrap is radially within the outer wrap. The inner and outer wraps are generally tubular, and in particular, cylindrical. 
     During manufacture, the blanks  200 , 300  or blanks  200 , 400  are each wrapped twice around rod articles for forming one smoking article. Alternatively, the blank  500  is wrapped three times, followed by a single wrap of the blank  600 . 
     Alternatively, a blank comprising two (or more) of the features of blank  200 , 300 , 400 , 500 , 600  are wrapped the appropriate number of times around rod articles for forming two (or more) smoking articles. The wrapping is carried out substantially as described above. The rod article can be cut into two (or more) separate sections, one for each smoking article. 
       FIG. 7  shows a further embodiment of the first blank  701  and the second blank  700 . The first and second blanks  701 , 700  are configured and function substantially as described with respect to  FIGS. 1 to 4 , with the following differences. Equivalent reference numerals indicate the same parts. The second blank  700  includes longitudinally offset frangible connections  426 , 428 , as described with respect to  FIG. 4 . However, the features of the second blank  700  are also applicable to a blank as described in  FIGS. 1 to 4  without longitudinally offset frangible connections  426 , 428 . The blanks  700 , 701  are configured to be wrapped around one or more rod articles to provide tubes have one or more layers, and in particular, a plurality of layers. 
     The second blank  700  comprises material arranged to integrally extend over a an inner layer  730 , an outer layer  740 , and an overlap  711  to secure the second blank as a tube when wrapped around the rod articles. 
     The second blank  700  comprises a control element  750 , configured to control ventilation and limit movement substantially as described above for the control element  250 . The control element  750  defines first and second limiting surfaces  753   a ,  753   b  at the edges of the control element in the direction of movement, i.e. at the circumferential edge of the control element  750 . The first and second limiting surfaces  753   a ,  753   b  extend at an angle to a longitudinal axis of the smoking article. The first and second limiting surfaces  753   a ,  753   b  extend at an angle to the axis of movement of the control element. The first and second limiting surfaces  753   a ,  753   b  can be considered as sloped. The first and second limiting surfaces  753   a ,  753   b  are substantially straight, i.e. extend at a constant angle. The angled edges continuously varies in circumferential position with variation in longitudinal position. The angled leading edge and/or trailing edge is angled to a longitudinal axis of the smoking article by an angle of between 10 and 45 degrees, and optionally, between 15 and 35 degrees. 
     The first and second limiting surfaces  753   a ,  753   b  are angled in opposite senses to the longitudinal axis. The first and second limiting surfaces  753   b  ,  753   b  are angled towards each other in a direction away from the support section  736 . A circumferential extent of the control element  750  distal from the attached section is smaller than a circumferential extent of the control element  750  proximal to the attached section. Alternatively, the first and second limiting surfaces  753   a ,  753   b  can be curved. At least a part of the first and second limiting surfaces  753   a ,  753   b  is at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the smoking article when wrapped. Alternatively, the first and second limiting surfaces  753   a ,  753   b  are angled in the same sense to the longitudinal axis, e.g. are substantially parallel. 
     The first and second engaging surfaces  733   a , 733   b  also extend at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the smoking article, and/or at an angle to the direction of movement of the control element. The first and second engaging surfaces  733   a , 733   b  extend at the same angle and/or have a complementary shape to the first and second limiting surfaces  753   a ,  753   b.    
     The first blank  701  comprises a support section  720 . The support section  720  has substantially the same configuration and function as the support section  320  described with respect to  FIG. 2 . The support section  720  is attached to one or more (two as shown) spacing sections  710  with frangible connections  725 , namely, first and second spacing sections  710 . The support section  720  extends around at least one whole circumference of the rod articles  110 . 
     The support section  720  comprises a support section leading edge  721 . The support section leading edge  721  defines the initial point of the support section  720  which is first wrapped around the rod articles  110 . The leading edge  721  can be considered as a circumferential leading edge, since the leading edge  721  is at a circumferential edge of the section. The support section leading edge  721  extends at an angle to a longitudinal axis of the smoking article. The support section leading edge  721  extends at an angle to the axis of movement of the control element. The support section leading edge  721  can be considered as sloped. The support section leading edge  721  is substantially straight, i.e. extends at a constant angle. Alternatively, the support section leading edge  721  can be curved. 
     The first blank  701  comprises first and second spacing sections  710   a , 710   b , arranged with a similar configuration and function to the first and second spacing sections described above. In some aspects, the second spacing section  710   b  comprises ventilation apertures  772  arranged to allow ventilating air as controlled by the control element  750  through the second spacing section  710   b.    
     The first blank  701  comprises a spacer connection  724  between the first and second spacing sections  710   a , 710   b . The spacer connection  724  is at a leading edge of the first blank  701 , i.e. the point on the blank  701  first wrapped around the rod articles  110 . The spacer connection  724  connects the leading edges of the first and second spacing sections  710   a , 710   b.    
     The spacer connection  724  is an integral connection between the first and second spacing sections  710   a , 710   b . The spacer connection  724  is formed of the same sheet material as the first and second spacing sections  710   a , 710   b , and remainder of the first blank  701 . The spacer connection  724  extends in the longitudinal space between the first and second spacing sections  710   a , 710   b . The spacer connection  724  connects second portions  711   b  forming an inner layer of the blank  701 , and does not extend to the first portions  711   a  forming an outer layer of the blank  701 . The spacer connection  724  extends across the space separating the first and second spacing sections  710   a , 710   b  in which the support section  720  (and pawl  340 ) is movable. 
     The spacer connection  724  and first and second sections  710   a , 710   b  provide a continuous area of the sheet material, which extends the whole length of the blank  701  in a direction of the longitudinal axis of the smoking article when wrapped. The spacer connection  724  is configured to be permanently and/or integrally attached to the spacing sections  710 . In particular, there is no frangible connection between the spacer connection  724  and spacing sections  710   a , 710   b.    
     The spacer connection  724  and longitudinally adjacent areas of the spacing sections  710  are initially affixed to the rod articles to begin wrapping of the first blank  701 , for example, with adhesive. The spacer connection  724  provides for the blank  701  to have a single initial area of attachment to the rod articles  110 . 
     The spacing sections  710   a , 710   b  are not affixed as independent elongate sections of sheet material, requiring separate attachment to the rod articles. Instead, a single area of the first blank  701  is attached to the rod articles, the single area extending across the whole longitudinal extent of the first blank  701 . Thus, the connection of the leading edges of the spacing sections  710   a , 710   b  improves initial attachment of the first blank  701  to the rod articles. 
     The leading edge of the first blank  701 , defined by the spacer connection  724  and first and second spacing sections  710   a , 710   b , extends substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the smoking article. In particular, the leading edge of the first blank  701  is not angled as described for the support section leading edge  721 . The spacer connection  724  and first and second spacing sections  710   a , 710   b  are affixed to the rod article(s), i.e. first filter section  112 , at and adjacent to the leading edge. In some examples, the spacer connection  724  and first and second spacing sections  710   a , 710   b  are also affixed to the rod article(s) around the whole circumference of the rod article or full circumferential extent of the spacer connection  724 . 
     The spacer connection  724  has a trailing edge  726  at a circumferentially opposite end of the spacer connection  724  to the leading edge. The spacer connection trailing edge  726  extends between the first and second spacing sections  710 . The spacer connection trailing edge  726  extends at an angle to a longitudinal axis of the smoking article. The spacer connection trailing edge  726  extends at an angle to the axis of movement of the control element. The spacer connection trailing edge  726  can be considered as sloped. The spacer connection trailing edge  726  is substantially straight, i.e. extends at a constant angle. The spacer connection trailing edge  726  is parallel and/or complementary to the support section leading edge  721 . Alternatively, the spacer connection trailing edge  726  can be curved, or has any feature of the angled limiting surfaces  753   a , 753   b  or support section leading edge  721  described above. Alternatively, the spacer connection trailing edge  726  can extend substantially longitudinally, i.e. is not angled. 
     The spacer connection trailing edge  726 , support section leading edge  721  and first and second spacing sections  710  define an aperture  722  in the first blank  701 . The aperture  722  provides a space into which the support section  720  is movable. The aperture  722  has a circumferential extent which is greater than a circumferential extent of movement of the control element  750 . Thus, the spacer connection trailing edge  726  does not determine the range of movement of the control element  750 . Alternatively, the aperture  722  has a circumferential extent which is equal to or less than a circumferential extent of movement of the control element  750 . Thus, the spacer connection trailing edge  726  determines the range of movement of the control element  750 , alone or in co-operation with the engaging surfaces  733   a , 733   b.    
     Any of the described angled leading edge and/or a trailing edge extends over a part only of the longitudinal extent of a blank of sheet material wrapped around the rod articles. A section comprising an angled edge of the first or second part is configured to be rotatable relative to a longitudinally and/or radially adjacent section which is part of the other of the first or second part. A longitudinally adjacent section can refer to the same radial layer, e.g. initially attached as the same layer of the same blank. 
     Any section having an angled leading edge and/or a trailing edge can comprise at least one frangible connection adjacent to the angled edge. The adjacent frangible connection can be immediately adjacent to the angled edge, such that the angled edge extends up to the frangible connection. In some aspects, the angled edge can extend up to the longitudinal edge of the section defining the angled edge. In some examples, the frangible connection extends circumferentially from at least one longitudinal edge of the angled edge 
     In some aspects, the section of sheet material defining the leading edge and/or a trailing edge is movable over an underlying area of the smoking article and/or movable over an underlying sheet material wrapped around a rod article of the smoking article. In some examples, the section of sheet material defining the leading edge and/or a trailing edge is movable underneath an overlying sheet material wrapped around a rod article of the smoking article. 
     In some aspects, the section of sheet material adjacent the leading edge and/or a trailing edge is not affixed to a radially adjacent, e.g. an underlying or overlying, part of the smoking article 
     In some examples, the angled leading edge and/or a trailing edge is circumferentially spaced from a leading edge of a blank comprising the section defining the angled leading edge and/or a trailing edge. In some examples, the angled leading edge and/or a trailing edge is circumferentially spaced from a leading edge and/or trailing edge of a longitudinally adjacent section of blank. The circumferential spacing is such that the angled edge is discretely spaced, such that there is a circumferential spacing (non-zero) between the angled edge and a leading edge of the blank or section. In some examples, the angled leading edge does not extend up to a leading edge of the blank on which the angled edge is formed. The angled edge can be between a leading edge of the blank and a trailing edge of the blank. The angled edge is spaced from a leading edge of the blank and spaced from a trailing edge of the blank. Thus, the leading edge of a blank or a longitudinally adjacent section of blank, is wrapped prior to the angled leading edge and/or a trailing edge. 
     At least one edge on the first or second blank  701 , 700  has been described as angled, in particular, the first and second limiting surfaces  753   a,    753   b , first and second engaging surfaces  733   a , 733   b , spacer connection trailing edge  726  and/or support section leading edge  721 . The angled edge(s) can be considered as extending helically (i.e. in a helix, or spiral) when wrapped around the rod article(s). Thus, the angled edges extend both longitudinally and circumferentially. 
     The angle of the edge can be advantageous in wrapping the sheet material of the first or second blank  701 , 700  in an accurate tube (i.e. cylindrical tube) around the rod articles. In particular, the angle of the edge can prevent or reduce an extent to which the blank adjacent the edge has a cross-section which extends away from a tubular intent, i.e. a cylinder. For example, there is minimal tendency for the diameter of the wrapped blank to vary along the longitudinal axis. The diameter and cross-section of the wrapped blank are substantially constant. An angle of the edge provides an initial point of the edge which is wrapped before the remainder of the material defining the edge. As such, the material tends to follow the initial point, and wrap closely to the intended tubular (cylindrical) shape. This wrapping is of advantage when the material defining the edge is either adhering (e.g. with adhesive), or not adhering, to an underlying layer or rod article. The angled edge is spaced from a leading edge of the blank. 
     For example, an extent to which the material of the blank extends radially outwardly at an edge, between longitudinal extremes of the edge, can be reduced. In some aspects, the amount that the edge extends towards a tangent to a curvature of the rod articles is reduced. The angle of the edge is of particular advantage for edges which are not affixed to an inner layer, for example, the support section leading edge  721  or the first and second limiting surfaces  753   a ,  753   b  of the control element. The angled edge is also of advantage when overwrapped by a further layer of sheet material. In particular, the angled edge provides for dose proximity of the angled edge to the cylindrical underlying surface, which assists in allowing a dose proximity of the overlying layer to a cylindrical shape. 
       FIG. 8  shows a further embodiment of the first blank  801  and the second blank  800 . The first and second blank  801 , 800  are configured and function substantially as described with respect to  FIGS. 5 and 6 , with the following differences. Equivalent reference numerals indicate the same parts. 
     The first blank  801  is configured to wrap three times around the rod articles. The first blank  801  comprises a control element  850  movable in a channel  839 , configured to control ventilation and limit movement as described above. The control element  850  defines first and second limiting surfaces  853   a ,  853   b  at the edges of the control element in the direction of movement, i.e. at the circumferential edge of the control element  850 . The first and second limiting surfaces  853   a ,  853   b  extend at an angle to a longitudinal axis of the smoking article. The angle of the first and second limiting surfaces  853   a ,  853   b  is as described above with respect to the first and second limiting surfaces of  FIG. 7 . 
     The first and second engaging surfaces  833   a , 833   b  also extend at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the smoking article, and/or at an angle to the axis of movement of the control element. The first and second engaging surfaces  833   a , 833   b  extend at the same angle and/or have a complementary shape to the first and second limiting surfaces  853   a ,  853   b . The angle of the first and second engaging surfaces  833   a , 833   b  is as described above with respect to the first and second engaging surfaces  733   a , 733   b  of  FIG. 7 . 
     The first blank  801  comprises a support section  820 . The support section  820  has substantially the same configuration and function as the support section  522  described with respect to  FIG. 5 . The support section  820  is attached to one or more (two as shown) spacing sections with frangible connections  825 , namely, first and second spacing sections  810   a , 810   b . The support section  820  extends around at least one whole circumference of the rod articles no. In particular, the support section  820  extends two times around the whole circumference of the rod articles no, on the second and third layers of the wrapping of the blank  801 . The outer (third) layer of the support section comprises adhesive  828  from a line  827 , in order to affix to the middle (second) layer of the wrapping. 
     The support section  820  comprises a support section leading edge  821 . The support section leading edge  821  defines the initial point of the support section  820  which is first wrapped around the rod articles  110 . The support section leading edge  821  extends at an angle to a longitudinal axis of the smoking article. The angle and shape of the support section leading edge  821  are as described as with respect to the support section leading edge  721  of  FIG. 7 . 
     The first blank  801  comprises a spacer connection  824 , connecting the first and second spacing sections  80   a , 810   b . The spacer connection  824  is adjacent a leading edge of the first blank  701 , i.e. the point on the blank  701  first wrapped around the rod articles  110 . The spacer connection  824  is configured and functions in the same manner as the spacer connection  724  described with respect to  FIG. 7 . 
     The spacer connection  824  and longitudinally adjacent areas of the spacing sections  810   a , 810   b  are initially affixed to the rod articles to begin wrapping of the first blank  801 , for example, with adhesive. The spacer connection  824  provides for the blank  801  to have a single initial area of attachment to the rod articles  110 . The spacing sections  810   a , 810   b  are not affixed as independent elongate sections of sheet material, requiring separate attachment to the rod articles. Thus, the connection of the leading edges of the spacing sections  810   b  , 810   b  improves initial attachment of the first blank  801  to the rod articles. 
     The spacer connection  824  has a trailing edge  826  at a circumferentially opposite end of the spacer connection  824  to the leading edge. The spacer connection trailing edge  826  extends between the first and second spacing sections  810   a , 810   b . The spacer connection trailing edge  826  extends at an angle to a longitudinal axis of the smoking article. The spacer connection trailing edge  826  is shaped and configured as described as described with respect to the spacer connection trailing edge  726  in  FIG. 7 . 
     The spacer connection trailing edge  826 , support section leading edge  821  and first and second spacing sections  810   a , 810   b  define an aperture  822  in the first blank  801 . The aperture  822  provides a space in which the support section  820  is movable. 
     In some examples, the aperture  822  has a circumferential extent which is greater than a circumferential extent of movement of the control element  850 . Thus, the spacer connection trailing edge  826  does not determine the range of movement of the control element  850 . 
     The first blank  801  comprises a first and second ventilation area  870 , 872  on the first and third layers of the blank. The first and second ventilation area  870 , 872  are configured the same, and provide the same function, as the ventilation areas  570 , 572  described with respect to  FIG. 5 . 
     The second blank  800  comprises a frangible connection  830  allowing separation of the blank into a forward area  880  and a rearward area  882 . 
     The forward area  880  comprises a third ventilation area  874 . The third ventilation area  874  is configured the same, and provides the same function, as the ventilation area  670  described with respect to  FIG. 6 . 
     The forward area  880  is arranged to attach to the first spacing section  810   a . An area of the forward area  880  defining the third ventilation area  874  and overlying the control element is not affixed to the first blank. The rearward area  882  is affixed to the support section  820  and second filter section  114 . The rearward area provides a connection between the second filter section  114  and the first filler section. The connection includes the support section which is movable circumferentially, and restrained longitudinally by the spacing sections  810   a , 810   b , such that the second filter section  114  has the same range of movement. 
     The rearward area  882  extends over, and is not affixed to, the second spacing section  810   a . As also applicable to other embodiments, the outermost layer  800  of the blanks wrapped around the rod articles provides the only connection between the first and second filter sections. The attachment of the outermost layer to the first filter section is through a section (e.g. the support section  820 ) which is restrained by an adjacent, separable, part of the blank in a longitudinal direction. In addition, the contact of the section to the second section with an exterior of a spacing section provides for radial positioning of the first and second indexing surfaces. Features of the second blank  800  are applicable to the blank boo described with respect to  FIG. 6 , or to any related embodiment with a single wrap outer (second) blank, and vice versa. The terms “forward” and “rearward” to describe areas of the second blank  800  can be reversed in an alternate embodiment. 
       FIG. 9  shows a further embodiment of the first blank  901 , 901 ′ and the second blank  900 . The first and second blanks  901 , 901 ′, 900  are configured and function substantially as described with respect to  FIGS. 1 to 4 , with the following differences. Equivalent reference numerals indicate the same parts. The first and/or second blanks are each arranged to wrap a plurality of times around the whole circumference of the rod articles. Thus, the smoking article comprises one or more tubes having a plurality of complete integrally attached layers (e.g. two layers). 
     The second blank  900  is shown as half of a blank  900 ′ configured to manufacture two smoking articles. The blank  900 ′ is arranged to be cut along a line  960 . The blank  900 ′ comprises two second blanks  900 . The two blanks  900  are configured to function substantially the same when wrapped around rod articles  110 ′ for the manufacture of two smoking articles. 
     Two separate first blanks  901 , 901 ′ are also shown, for attachment to the rod articles  110 ′ and second blank  900 ′. In particular, the two first blanks  901 , 901 ′ and rod articles  110 ′ are symmetrical about the cut line  960 . 
     A ventilation aperture  970  and/or a control element  950  on each second blank  900  are arranged on the blank  900 ′ as shown, such that the initial direction of movement and initial ventilation is the same on the two final smoking articles. For example, the arrangement of the ventilation aperture  970  and/or a control element  950  is asymmetric, e.g. asymmetric in reflection about the separation line  960 . The shape and function of the ventilation aperture  970  and a control element  950  are substantially as described with respect to  FIG. 7  or any other related embodiment, although arranged differently as will be described. 
     The rod articles  110 ′ comprise a double length second filter section  114 ′, configured to be cut in half through cut line  960 . The cut double-length filter section  114 ′ provides two second filter sections. The further rod articles comprise two first filter sections  112  and two tobacco rods, arranged symmetrically. Each first filler section  112  and tobacco rod is dimensioned for a single smoking article. The second blank  900  and second filter section  114 ′ are cut after wrapping of the first and second blanks  901 , 900  around the rod articles  110 ′. 
     The first blank  901 , 901 ′ is substantially as described with respect to any of  FIGS. 1 to 4  or  FIG. 7 . The first blank  901 , 901 ′ (or the second blank) of any embodiment can comprise any feature(s) described in any embodiment, independently of any other feature. For example, the first blank  901 , 901 ′ comprises an angled leading edge  921 , 921 ′ on the support section  920  substantially as described with respect to the angled leading edge of the support section in  FIG. 7 . The angled leading edges  921 , 921 ′ differ in the orientation of the angle to the longitudinal axis. The magnitude of the angle from the longitudinal axis are the same. The leading part of the angled leading edges  921 , 921 ′ are both attached to the first spacing section  910   a . Alternatively, the leading part of the angled leading edges  921 , 921 ′ are both attached to the second spacing section  910   b , or to a different one of the first and second spacing sections  910   a , 910   b , or extend parallel to the longitudinal axis. 
     The first blank  901  comprises first and second spacing sections  910   a , 910   b  which are unconnected at their leading edges, substantially as described in  FIG. 2 . The first spacing section  910   a  is defined as longitudinally forward (in the finished smoking article) of the second spacing section  910   b . Alternatively, the first and second spacing sections  910   a , 910   b  can be connected by a spacer connection, as described in  FIG. 7 . 
     The second blank  900  comprises the control element  950 . The control element  950  is moveable in a channel  939  and controls ventilation as described with respect to the control element shown in  FIG. 3 or 7 . The control element  950  comprises first and second limiting surfaces  953   a ,  953   b  at the edges of the control element in the axis of movement, i.e. at the circumferential edge of the control element  950 , as described above. Contact of the first and second limiting surfaces  953   a ,  953   b  of the control element  950  between a first engaging surface  933   a  (as shown) and a second engaging surface  933   b  limits relative rotation between the first and second parts. The first and second engaging surfaces  933   a , 933   b  and first and second limiting surfaces  953   a,    953   b  are as described in any embodiment, and for example, can be angled as described with respect to  FIG. 7 . 
     The second blank  900  is arranged to form a first layer and a second layer when wrapped a plurality of times around a whole circumference of the smoking article. The second blank  900  is wrapped two times around the rod articles. The first layer and second layer are integrally formed. Thus, a single blank provides two (or more) complete layers. 
     The control element  950  is part of (e.g. integral with) a control element support section  936 . The control element support section  936  is arranged on the blank  900  as part of an inner layer  930  when wrapped around the rod articles. The control element support section  936  extends around a whole circumference of the rod articles, for example, only one whole circumference. The control element support section  936  is a tube, from which the control element  950  extends. The control element  950  extends longitudinally from the tube, for example, in the same plane or radial layer as the tube. 
     An initially integral outer layer  940  of the blank  900  comprises an overlying section  914 . The overlying section  914  is configured to overlie the control element  950 . The overlying section  914  extends around the whole circumference of the smoking article, e.g. is a tube. The overlying section  914  allows the control element support section  936  to move (i.e. rotate) underneath, to vary ventilation. The overlying section  914  is not affixed to the control element support section  936 , e.g. is not provided with adhesive on an inner facing surface. The overlying section  914  is initially integral with the control element  950  and control element support section  936 , and is separable therefrom. 
     The overlying section  914  comprises a ventilation area  970  configured to coincide with the control element  950  and/or channel  239 . The control element  950  is movable to selectively cover a variable part (area) of the ventilation area  970 . In some examples, the ventilation area  970  comprises a plurality of discrete ventilation areas, for example, a plurality of discrete apertures spaced circumferentially. The ventilation area  970  is aligned with a ventilation area  972  on the rod articles, for example, on the second filter section  114 ′ for each smoking article. In some aspects, it is more straightforward to form a ventilation area  972  on the second filter section, rather than on the grooves and ridges of the first filter section. 
     The single layer of the control element support section  936  around the circumference is in contrast to the blank  200  described with respect to  FIG. 3  in which the control element support section  236  is integral during use with a section on the outer layer. The control element support section  936  is otherwise similar to the control element support section  236 , except as described, and features of the control element support section  236  can also apply to the control element support section  936 . 
     The control element support section  936  is attached to the first part of the smoking article. For example, the control element support section  936  is affixed to one of the first and second spacing sections  910   a , 910   b . As a part of the first part of the smoking article, the control element support section  936  and control element is in a fixed relationship with the first indexing surface on the rod article (first filter section) and/or source of smokable material. The second indexing surface (pawl) is movable relative to the control element support section  936  and control element  950 . Thus, the control element support section  936  and control element  950  are considered a part of the first part of the smoking article, movable relative to the second indexing surface on the second part of the smoking article. Alternatively, the definitions of first part and second part can be reversed, such that the control element is always on the second part of the smoking article. This is in contrast to the embodiment of  FIGS. 1 to 8 , where the control element is connected, or moves together with, the second indexing surface. 
     The control element  950  is on a longitudinally rearward side of the control element support section  936 . This in contrast to the embodiments of  FIGS. 2 to 8 , where the control element is on a longitudinally forward side of the control element support section. The embodiment of  FIG. 9  can be considered as an “inverted” arrangement. 
     The control element  950  is arranged to overlie a mouth end section or rod article of the smoking article. In particular, the control element  950  is arranged to overlie a mouth end section or rod article which is movable relative to the control element  950 . The mouth end section can be a rod article, in particular, the second filler section. Alternatively, the mouth end section can be a hollow tube. The hollow tube can be considered as an example of a rod article. 
     The control element support section  936  does not overlie the mouth end section of the smoking article. Instead, the control element support section  936  overlies a relatively forward section or rod article, which is movable relative to the mouth end section. The control element support section  936  is attached to the underlying rod article. The control element support section  936  can be considered as a part of the spacing section. The integral control element support section  936  and control element  950  extend over an interface between two underlying sections or rod articles. The control element  950  allows ventilating air into the rearward rod article, or mouth end rod article, e.g. which is movable relative to the first part of source of smokable material. Thus, this arrangement allows a position of intake of ventilating air to a relatively rearward location. The control element  950  overlies the second filter section, and in some aspects, provides for control of ventilating air into the second filter section. 
     The blank  900  further comprises a connecting section  934  which extends longitudinally forward and rearward of the control element support section  936 . The connecting section  934  can be considered as extending integrally on both the inner and outer layers  930 , 940 , forward and rearward of the control element support section  936 . The overlying section  914  can be considered as part of the connecting section  934 . The connecting section  934  is a part of the second part of the smoking article. 
     The blank  900  further comprises a forward section  941  which extends integrally over both the inner and outer layers. The forward section  941  overlies and is attached to the first spacing section  910   a . The forward section  941  is a part of the first part of the smoking article. The forward section  940  optionally has the function of connecting the first filter section  112  to the tobacco rod  111 . 
     The control element support section  936  and control element  950  are attached to the connecting section  934  (and overlying section  914 ) by a frangible connection  926 . The frangible connection  926  extends circumferentially at two longitudinally spaced positions on each longitudinal side of the control element support section  936 , and a further longitudinally spaced position to define the control element  950 . The frangible connection  926  extends longitudinally to separably connect to the overlying section  914 . The control element support section  936  and control element  950  is separable from the adjacent areas of the blank forming the inner layer, and the adjacent area of the blank forming the integral outer layer. 
     An interface between the first and second parts of the smoking article is offset between the inner and outer layers  930 , 940 . This can reduce leakage of air through the interface between the first and second parts. The forward section  941  is attached to the connecting section  934  by an inner frangible connection  928   a  on an inner layer and an outer frangible connection  928   b  on an outer layer. The inner and outer frangible connections  928   a , 928   b  extend circumferentially, and are longitudinally offset. 
     In some examples, the inner layer and outer layer of an initially integral blank are movable relative to each other. In some aspects, the inner layer and outer layer move apart at the frangible connection separating the inner layer and outer layer. In other aspects, the inner layer and outer layer move together, with the outer layer riding over and around the inner layer. In some examples, a cut-out can be provided, such that the inner layer is moveable into the cut-out. This avoids the need for the outer layer to move radially outwardly over an edge defined by the frangible connection of the inner layer. Any embodiment can comprise a cut-out at an interface between a section on the inner layer movable relative to a corresponding section on the outer layer. 
     The connecting section  934  is arranged to attach to the second indexing surface  304 . In some aspects, the connecting section  934  is affixed to the support section  920  on the first blank  901 , 901 ′ supporting the second indexing surface  304 . The connecting section  934  also defines the first and second engaging surfaces  933   a , 933   b . The connection to the support section  920  and first and second engaging surfaces  933   a , 933   b  are on opposite longitudinal sides of the control element support section  936 . 
     The connecting section  934  also surrounds and attaches to the second filter section  114 ′. The connecting section  934  provides a connection between the second filter section and first part of the smoking article (e.g. first filter section). The connection allows relative rotational but not longitudinal movement. The connecting section  934  provides a connection to the second filter section which is only through an outermost layer of the first and second blanks  901 , 900 . 
     The connecting section  934  and overlying section  914  define an outer mouth end part of the smoking article. Rotation of this outer mouth end part relative to the tobacco rod effects movement between the first and second parts of the smoking article. In particular, the second filter section, connecting section  934 , support section  920  and second indexing surface rotate together. Thus, the first and second engaging surfaces  933   a , 933   b  and ventilation area  970  rotate together with the second filter section. The second indexing section indexes with the first indexing surface on the first filter section. The control element  950  remains in the fixed relation with the tobacco rod, and so relative to the tobacco rod, the first and second engaging surfaces  933   a , 933   b  and ventilation area  970  rotate relative to a stationary control element  950 . 
     The connecting section  934  and overlying section  914  are integral and can be considered as a single section overlying at least one spacing section and configured to support the second indexing surface in a pre-determined radial position (i.e. a constant position, partially spaced apart) relative to the first indexing surface. In particular, the connecting section  934  and overlying section  914  support the second indexing surface adjacent and longitudinally of at least one spacing section. The overlying section  914  contacts an exterior surface of the control element support section  936 , which is affixed to the second spacing section  910   b . Thus, the control element support section  936  has a spacing function, and can be considered as a further part of the second spacing section  910   b . The contact of the overlying section  914  with the control element support section maintains the overlying section  914  at a constant, or minimum, radial position, maintaining a minimum separation of the first and second indexing surfaces. 
     A further function of the control element support section  936  is to provide one or more contacting surfaces arranged to limit or prevent longitudinal movement between the first and second parts of the smoking article. The contacting surface is a circumferentially extending raised edge on a forward side of the control element support section  936 . The raised edge is the thickness of the sheet material forming the blank  900 . The contacting surface extends around the whole circumference of the smoking article. The contacting surface preventing separation of the second filter section is on an opposite longitudinal edge to the control element  950 . Thus, the second filter section is securely attached to the first part of the smoking article. 
     The contacting surface is arranged to engage with a further contacting surface of the connecting section  934 . The further contacting surface of the connecting section  934  is also on the inner layer  930  of the blank, and/or extends around the whole circumference of the smoking article. The two contacting surfaces are initially integrally formed on the blank  900 , and subsequently divided to allow circumferential movement. In some aspects, the contacting surfaces limiting or preventing longitudinal movement are initially integrally formed on the same wrapped layer of a blank comprising a plurality of layers when wrapped. The connecting section  934  extends around the contacting surfaces. 
     In some examples, the second blank  900  provides for a base ventilation. The area of the base ventilation is independent of the position of the control element. The second blank comprises a base ventilation area  976 . The base ventilation area  976  extends circumferentially, e.g. through both the inner and outer layers  930 , 940 . The base ventilation area  976  is located in the connecting section  934 , e.g. rearwardly of the control element  950  and ventilation area  970 . The base ventilation area  976  comprises a plurality of circumferentially spaced ventilation apertures. The base ventilation area  976  extends around the whole circumference of the smoking article. Base ventilating air is arranged to enter the second filter section  114 ′. The second filter section  114 ′ comprises an aligned base ventilation area  976 ′. 
     The functioning of the smoking article comprising the wrapped blanks  900 , 901  is substantially the same as described with respect to  FIGS. 1 to 8 , in that the control element  950  selectively covers the ventilation area  970  and limits rotation by engagement with the first and second engaging surfaces  933   a , 933   b . Thus, the embodiment of  FIG. 9  functions in a similar manner to the embodiments of  FIGS. 1 to 8 , although the control element  950  on the second blank  900  and second indexing surface on the first blank  901  are movable relative to each other. 
       FIG. 10  shows a blank  1001  configured to be cut into a plurality of first blanks  901 , 901 ′. The first blanks  901 , 901 ′ are as described in  FIG. 9 . In particular, the blank  1001  is arranged to be cut into four blanks  901 , 901 ′. The blank  1001  is configured with four sets of features of the blank  901 ,  901 ′. The blank  1001  can be cut along three cut lines indicated by lines  1002 . In an example method of manufacture, the blank  1001  is wrapped around and affixed to a rod article (not shown) configured to form four first filter sections  112 . The blank  1001  and rod article are cut together at the locations  1002  to provide four identical or similar wrapped first filter sections. The wrapped first filter section can be aligned with further rod articles, and wrapped with the second blank  900  to form one or more smoking articles. 
     Each blank  901  comprises a first spacing section  901   a  and a second spacing section  901   b , as described above. The first spacing section  901   a  has a width, in a longitudinal direction of the smoking article, which is larger than a width of the second spacing section  901   b . The blank  1001  comprises elongate sections of sheet material configured to provide a first or second spacing section  901   a , 901   b , or a combination of two of the spacing sections  901   a , 901   b  in any combination. The blanks  901  are arranged with two second spacing sections  901   b  adjacent to each other, arranged to be separated by a cut line  1002 . The blank  1001  also comprises two adjacent first spacing sections  901   a.    
     The blank  1001  is arranged such that the leading edges  921 , 921 ′ of the support sections  920 , as described above, are angled such that a part of the edge  921 , 921 ′ is wrapped prior to another part of the edge  921 ,  921 ′. In an alternative example, the edges  921 ,  921 ′ are angled such that the part of the edge  921 , 921 ′ wrapped initially is adjacent a narrower of the elongate sections forming the first and or second spacing sections  901   a , 901   b . This provides additional material of the support section  920  adjacent to the narrow of the elongate sections forming the first and or second spacing sections  901   a , 901   b . Alternatively, the edges  921 , 921 ′ can be angled in a different configuration. The angled edges  921 ,  921 ′ are angled as described with respect to the angled edges of any embodiment, in particular, as described with respect to  FIGS. 7 and 9 . 
     The blank  1001  is configured to provide first blanks  901  with edges  921  angled in opposite senses, for use in manufacturing two smoking articles together with the arrangement shown in  FIG. 9 . Alternatively, the blank  1001  can be configured to provide a plurality of identical first blanks  901 ; 901 ′, or blanks similar to first blanks  901 , 901 ′ with different orientations of the angled edges  921 , 921 ′ in relation to the first and second spacing sections  910   a , 910   b.    
     The blank  1001  is configured to be cut into four blanks  901 , 901 ′. Alternatively, the blank  1001  is configured to be cut into a plurality of blanks, of any number. For example, the blank  1001  can be configured to be cut into 2,4 or 6 identical or similar blanks, or into one each of two similar (but different) blanks. 
       FIG. 11  shows two examples of a first blank  1101 , 1102 . The blanks  1101 , 1102  are configured and function substantially as described with respect to  FIG. 9 , with the following differences. The first blanks  1101 , 1102  are configured to wrap around two sets of rod articles  110 ′, and be wrapped with two sets of second blanks  900 ′, as described with respect to  FIG. 9 . Equivalent reference numerals indicate the same parts. 
     The first blanks  1101 , 1102  comprise a leading edge of the first and second spacing sections  910   a , 910   b  which is connected together. A spacer connection  1124  connects the leading edge, as described with respect to the spacer connection  724  described with respect to  FIG. 7 . A trailing edge  1126 , 1126 ′ of the spacer connection  1124  is angled to a longitudinal axis of the smoking article, as described with respect to the angled edge  726  described with respect to  FIG. 7 . The orientation of the trailing edge  1126 , 1126 ′ of the spacer connection  1124  is parallel to the leading edges  721 , 721 ′ of the support sections  920 , 921 ′. 
     Each first blank  1101  comprises a second indexing surface support unit  306 , also termed a pawl support unit, as described with respect to  FIG. 2 . The second indexing surface support unit  306  is affixed to the sheet material forming the first blanks  1101 , 1102 . The second indexing surface support unit  306  comprises the second indexing surface or pawl  304 . The second indexing surface  304  is arranged in a different location on the separate first blanks  1101 , 1102 . 
     Both smoking articles are configured to rotate in the same sense to obtain the same variation in ventilation. To provide this, one of the support sections  920  needs to rotate over the spacer connection  1124 . The positioning of the pawl  304  is such that the pawl  304  does not travel over the spacer connection  1124 . In the example shown in  FIG. 11 , the lower blank  1102  has a support section  920  which moves to the right into the cut-out or space between the angled edges  721 ′, 1126 ′. The upper blank  1101  has a support section  920  which moves to the left, moving radially over the spacer connection  1124 . The pawl  304  is spaced apart from an edge of the support sections  920  which leads in a direction of travel in use, i.e. the left edge as shown. Thus, the pawl  304  is not required to move over the spacer connection  1124 . As an option, the pawl  304  on the blank  1102  can have this same position. 
       FIG. 12  shows a blank  1201  configured to be cut into a plurality of first blanks  1101 ,  1102  as described in  FIG. 11 . In particular, the blank  1201  is arranged to be cut into four blanks  1101 , 1102 , two of each type. The blank  1201  is configured with four sets of features of the blanks  1101 , 1102 . The blank  1201  can be cut along three cut lines indicated by lines  1202 . In an example method of manufacture, the blank  1201  is wrapped around a rod article (not shown) configured to form four first filler section  112 . The blank  1201  and rod article are cut together at the locations  1202  to provide a wrapped first filter section. The wrapped first filter section can be aligned with further rod articles, and wrapped with a second blank, e.g. as described with respect to  FIGS. 9 or 11 , to form one or more smoking articles. 
     A leading edge  921 , 921 ′ of the support section  920  is angled to a longitudinal axis, substantially as described with respect to any of  FIGS. 7 to 11 . The angled edges can alternate in direction, as shown. Alternatively, the angled edges can be arranged differently, for example as described with respect to  FIG. 10 . The position of the second indexing support section  304  can optionally alternate in position on the similar (but different) types of first blank  1101 , 1102 , as described with respect to  FIG. 11 . 
     The blank  1201  has a leading edge comprising a spacer connection  1224  configured to be cut into spacer connections  1124  for each blank  1101 , 1102 . The spacer connection  1224  is configured as a plurality of the spacer connections  1124  described with respect to  FIG. 11 . 
       FIG. 13  shows a further embodiment of second blank  1300 , configured to be wrapped as the outer two layers around one or more rod articles.  FIG. 13  also shows rod articles  110  as described above, already wrapped with a first blank  1301 . The first and second blank  1301 , 1300  are configured and function substantially as described with respect to  FIGS. 1 to 4 , in particular  FIG. 4 , with the following differences. Equivalent reference numerals indicate the same parts. 
     The rod articles  110  are wrapped with the first blank  1301 , which comprises first and second spacing sections  1310   a , 1310   b . The first and second spacing sections  1310   a , 1310   b  are arranged and function substantially as described above for first and second spacing sections, e.g. as described in  FIGS. 2 and 3 . The first and second spacing sections  1310   a , 1310   b  are wrapped around the first filter section  112 , providing access therebetween to the first indexing surface  116 . 
     In the example shown, the first blank  1301  comprises only the first and second spacing sections  1310   a , 1310   b . In one aspect, the first and second spacing sections  1310   a , 1310   b  are initially separate, and are attached individually. Alternatively, the first and second spacing sections  1310   a , 1310   b  are connected together prior to wrapping, for example, by the spacer connection  724 . 
     In some aspects, the first and second spacing sections  1310   a , 1310   b  are not initially affixed to a support section for supporting the second indexing surface. Instead, the second indexing surface support unit  306 , and second indexing surface (pawl)  304 , are affixed to the second blank  1300 . For example, the second indexing surface (pawl)  304  is affixed to the same section of blank  1300  which comprises the control element  250 . Thus, the second indexing surface and control element are arranged to move together relative to the first indexing surface. 
     The first blank  1301  comprises a ventilation area  1372 . The ventilation area  1372  is formed in the first spacer section  1310   a . In some aspects, the first spacing section  1310   a  is wrapped around the rod articles  110 , and then the ventilation area  1372  is formed in the first spacer section  1310   a . Thus, the ventilation area  1372  is only formed after the first spacer section  1310   a  is wrapped around the rod articles  110 . For example, the ventilation area  1372  is formed by a laser generating a series of apertures in the first spacer section  1310   a . Alternatively, the ventilation area  1372  is formed prior to wrapping of the first spacing section  1310   a.    
       FIG. 14  shows a further embodiment of first blank  1401 , configured to be wrapped around one or more rod articles. The first blank  1401  is configured and functions substantially as described with respect to  FIG. 8 , with the following differences. Equivalent reference numerals indicate the same parts. The first blank  1401  is configured to be overwrapped with a second blank, for example the second blank  800  described with respect to  FIG. 8 . 
     The first blank  1401  is configured to wrap two times only around the whole circumference of the rod articles. The inner and outer layer correspond to the inner and middle layers formed by the blank  500  in  FIG. 5 , or the blank  801  in  FIG. 8 . In particular, the outer layer provided by the blank  500  in  FIG. 5 , or the blank  801  in  FIG. 8  is not present in the blank  1401 . The part of the blank  500  in  FIG. 5 , or the blank  801  in  FIG. 8  forming the third and outer layer is optional. In particular, the blank  500  in  FIG. 5  comprises a ventilation area  570  on the inner layer  510 , which is arranged to be covered by the control element  550 . The third outer layer comprises a further ventilation area  572  coinciding with the ventilation area  570 . However, in the blank  1401  the further ventilation area is omitted. 
     The first blank  1401  comprises first and second spacing sections  1410   a ,  1410   b , substantially as described in  FIG. 8 . The first and second spacing sections  1410   a ,  1410   b  are optionally connected by a spacer section  824 . The first and second spacing sections  1410   a ,  1410   b  extend circumferentially over the two layers of the first blank  1401 . 
     The first blank  1401  comprises a support section  1420 , supporting the second indexing surface  304 . The support section  1420  extends one time around the whole circumference of the smoking article, e.g. to form a tube. A trailing edge  1427  of the support section  1420  extends substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the smoking article. 
     The area of blank  1401  forming the inner layer, e.g. on the first spacing section  1410   a , comprises a ventilation area  1472 . In some examples, the ventilation area  1472  comprises a single aperture. Alternatively, the ventilation area  1472  comprises a plurality of discrete permeable areas or apertures. 
     In some aspects, one of the rod articles  110  comprises a further ventilation area  1470 . For example, the first filter section  112  comprises the further ventilation area  1470 . The ventilation area  1472  is arranged to at least partially coincide with the further ventilation area  1470 . The further ventilation area  1470  comprises a plurality of discrete ventilation areas or apertures, for example, in a circumferentially extending line. The further ventilation area  1470  can be formed by a laser. Generally, one or more of the ventilation areas  1470 , 1472  comprise a plurality of discrete ventilation areas or apertures. 
       FIG. 15  shows a further embodiment of a first blank  1501  and a second blank  1500 , configured to be wrapped around one or more rod articles  110 . The first blank  1501  is configured and functions in a similar manner to the embodiment described with respect to  FIG. 8 , with an arrangement related to the embodiment of  FIG. 9 , with the following differences. Equivalent reference numerals indicate the same parts. The first blank  1501  is configured to be overwrapped with the second blank  1500 , for example, substantially as described with respect to  FIGS. 5 and 6 . 
     The first blank  1501  is configured to wrap three times around the whole circumference of the rod articles, with a small further wrapping to provide an overlap and secure the layers as tubes. The first blank  1501  is wrapped with the right edge as shown initially attached to the rod articles. In particular, the right edge is affixed to the rod articles, and the first blank  1501  wrapped continuously over three times around the rod articles. The second blank  1500  is affixed as a separate wrap, after wrapping of the first blank  1501 . The second blank  1500  extends one time only around the whole circumference, with a small further wrapping to provide an overlap and secure the layer as a tube. 
     The first blank  1501  comprises a support section  1520  with an angled leading edge  821 , substantially as described in  FIG. 8 . The first blank  1501  comprises connected first and second spacing sections  1510   a ,  1510   b , substantially as described in  FIG. 8 . The first and second spacing sections  1510   a ,  1510   b  are connected by a spacer section  824 . The spacer section  824  has a trailing edge  826  which is angled to a longitudinal axis of the smoking article, when wrapped, also as described with respect to  FIG. 8 . The first and second spacing sections  1510   a ,  1510   b  extend circumferentially over all three layers of the first blank  1501 . 
     The first blank  1501  comprises a control element  1550 . The control element  1550  controls ventilation as described with respect to the control element  550 ; 950  shown in  FIG. 5 or 9 . The control element  1550  comprises first and second limiting surfaces  1553   a ,  1553   b  at the edges of the control element in the axis of movement, i.e. at the circumferential edge of the control element  1550 , as described above. Contact of the first and second limiting surfaces  1553   a ,  1553   b  of the control element  1550  between a first engaging surface  1533   a  (as shown) and a second engaging surface  1533   b  defining a channel  1539  therebetween which limits relative rotation between the first and second parts. The first and second engaging surfaces  1533   a , 1533   b  and first and second limiting surfaces  1553   a ,  1553   b  are as described in any embodiment, and for example, can be angled as described with respect to  FIG. 9 . 
     The control element  1550  is a part of a control element support section  1536 . The control element support section  1536  is arranged on the blank  1501  to form a second (middle) layer when wrapped around the rod articles. The control element  1550  is a part of a section on the same layer which extends at least once around the whole circumference of the rod articles. The control element support section  1536  extends around at least one, or at least two, or at least three whole circumferences of the smoking article. As shown, the control element support section  1536  extends over three whole circumferences of the rod articles. In some aspects, the control element support section  1536  comprising the control element  1550  is integral with one of the spacing sections, i.e. second spacing section  1510   b . The control element support section  1536  can be considered as the same section of the blank  1501  as the second spacing section  1510   b.    
     An outer layer of the first blank  1501  comprises an overlying section  1514 . The overlying section  1514  is configured to allow the control element  1550  to move (i.e. rotate) underneath, to vary ventilation. The overlying section  1514  comprises a ventilation area  1572 . The ventilation area  1572  is configured to coincide with the control element  1550  and/or channel  1539 , and is arranged and functions as described in any other embodiment. 
     The control element support section  1536  is configured to attach to the first part of the smoking article. For example, the control element support section  1536  is affixed to the first filter section  112 . The first spacing section  1510   a  is also affixed to the first filter section  112 . As a part of the first part of the smoking article, the control element support section  1536  is in a fixed relationship with the first indexing surface on the rod article (first filter section). The second indexing surface (pawl)  304  is a part of the second part of the smoking article, and is movable relative to the control element support section  1536  and control element  1550 , substantially as described with respect to  FIG. 9 . 
     The blank  1500  further comprises a rear section  1534  which extends longitudinally rearward of the control element support section  1536  on all three of the inner, middle and outer layers. The rear section  1534  has an edge adjacent to the control element support section  1536  which is profiled in a longitudinal direction. In particular, the rear section  1534  has a forward edge which defines the first engaging surface  1533   a  and second engaging surface  1533   b , and defines the channel  1539 , for example, in the middle layer of the wrapped blank  1501 . 
     The rear section  1534  also defines an auxiliary channel  1549  in the inner layer of the wrapped blank  1501 . The auxiliary channel  1549  has substantially the same circumferential and/or longitudinal extent as the channel  1539 . The auxiliary channel  1549  is coincident with the channel  1539  when the blank is wrapped. As such, the edges of the auxiliary channel define circumferential edges  1543   a , 1543   b  which are coincident with the first and second engaging surfaces  1533   a ,  1533   b . Thus, the first and second engaging surfaces  1533   a ,  1533   b  can be considered as extending radially over two layers of the smoking article. The auxiliary channel  1549  does not affect ventilation, and ventilation is controlled by selective covering of one or more of the ventilation areas  1572 , 1570  on the outer layer of the blank  1501  and on a rod article. The channel and auxiliary channel  1539 ,  1549  define a boundary between the control element support section  1536  and section  1534 . Ventilating air can pass through the channel  1539  and coincident auxiliary channel  1549 . Any feature of the channel of this embodiment or any other is also applicable to the auxiliary channel  1549 . 
     In this example, the blank  1501  extends longitudinally around the first and second filter sections  112 , 114 , and in particular, over the whole longitudinal length of the first and second filter sections  112 , 114 . The blank  1501  does not extend around the tobacco rod  111 . 
     The control element support section  1536  is attached to the rear section  1534  by a first frangible connection  1526 , 1526   a . The first frangible connection  1526 , 1526   a  extends over the inner and middle layers. The second indexing surface support section  1520  is connected to the control element support section  1536 /second spacing section  1510   b  by a second frangible connection  1527 . The second indexing surface support section  1520  is connected to the first spacing section  1510   a  by a third frangible connection  1528 . Each of the first, second and/or third frangible connections extends substantially circumferentially when wrapped. Each of the first, second and/or third frangible connections is formed by perforations in the sheet material of the blank  1501 . 
     The second blank  1500  comprises a ventilation area  1574  arranged to coincide with the ventilation areas  1570 ,  1572  and channels  1539 , 1549 . The ventilation area  1574  extends over the whole circumference of the second blank  1500 , such that the ventilation area  1574  does not directly determine the effective ventilation of the smoking article with a variation in positioning of the control element  1550 . The ventilation area  1574  comprises a plurality of discrete ventilation areas in a circumferential and/or longitudinal direction. 
     The second blank comprises a fourth frangible connection  1530 , extending circumferentially, providing for separation of the second blank  1500  into a forward area  1580  and a rearward area  1582 . The forward area  1580  is affixed to the first spacing section  1510   a  only. The rearward area  1582  is affixed to the support section  1520 , and the section  1534 . The rearward area  1582  extends over, but is not affixed to, the control element support section  1536  or second spacing section  1510   b . The rearward area  1582  functions to connect the support section  1520  and rear section  1534 . The rear section  1534  is affixed to the second filter section, and the control element support section  1536  is longitudinally fixed between first and second spacing sections. Thus, the second blank  1500  provides a connection between the second filter section and the first filter section. The connection maintains the first and second filter sections in a fixed longitudinal relationship (e.g. adjacent to each other), whilst allowing relative rotation. In common with other embodiments, the outermost or exterior layer of the blank(s) wrapped around the first and second filter sections  112 , 114  provides the, or the only, connection between the first and second filter sections  112 , 114 . 
     The rearward area  1582  of the second blank  1500  defines an outer mouth end part of the smoking article. Rotation of this outer mouth end part relative to the tobacco rod effects movement between the first and second parts of the smoking article. In particular, the second filter section  114 , rear section  1534  and second indexing surface  304  rotate together. Thus, the first and second engaging surfaces  1533   a , 1533   b  and ventilation areas  1570 , 1572  rotate together with the second filter section. The second indexing section indexes with the first indexing section on the first filter section. The control element  1550  remains in a fixed relation with the tobacco rod, and so relative to the tobacco rod, the first and second engaging surfaces  1533   a , 1533   b  and ventilation areas  1570 , 1572  rotate relative to a stationary control element  1550 . The effect is the same as described with respect to  FIGS. 1 to 14 , in that the control element  1550  selectively covers at least one of the ventilation areas  1570 , 1572  and limits rotation by engagement with the first and second engaging surfaces  1533   a , 1533   b . The control element  1550  is a part of a section which extends at least once around the whole circumference of the rod articles. Thus, the embodiment of  FIG. 15  functions in a similar manner to the other embodiments, although the control element  1550  and second indexing surface  304  on the first blank  1501  are movable relative to each other. 
     The first blank  1501  defines contacting surfaces configured to engage to limit or prevent longitudinal withdrawal of the second filter section  114 . The contacting surfaces are provided by a forward edge of the control element support section  1536  and a rearward edge of the second indexing surface support section  1520 . The adjacent contacting edges are initially an integral part of the same blank  1501 . The contacting edges extend over one or more whole circumferences of the smoking article. In some examples, contacting edges extend over at least two times around the circumference of the smoking article. 
       FIG. 16  shows a further embodiment of a first blank  1601  and a second blank  1600 , configured to be wrapped around one or more rod articles  110 . The first blank  1601  is configured and functions in a similar manner to the embodiment described with respect to  FIG. 15 , and the same reference numerals are used to indicate the same parts. The blank  1601  differs by comprising only the inner and middle layers (first and second layers), as described with respect to the embodiment of  FIG. 14 . The first blank  1601  is configured to wrap two times only around the whole circumference of the rod articles. 
     The control element  1550  on first blank  1601  controls ventilation by the degree of overlap with the ventilation area  1570  on a rod article, e.g. second filter section  114 . The ventilation area  1574  on the second blank  1600  does not directly affect ventilation. Thus, the only ventilation area with which the control element  1550  variably overlies to determine ventilation is on a rod article. 
     Alternatively, the second blank  1600  comprises a ventilation area which at least partially determines the ventilation of the smoking article. For example, the ventilation area on the second blank  600  can extend over only a part of the circumference, e.g., aligned with (or instead of) the ventilation area  1570 . In some examples, the control element  1550  is movable relative to the ventilation area(s), the amount of overlap of control element  1550  blocking or covering a variable amount of the ventilation area(s) determining ventilation. 
     The ventilation area  1574 , 1570  of the second blank and/or in the rod article, can comprise a single aperture or a plurality of discrete apertures extending over a circumferential area. The area of the second blank and/or rod article around the ventilation areas  1570 , 1574  is substantially impermeable to air. Alternatively or in addition, the auxiliary channel  1549  can extend over less than the circumferential extent of the channel  1539 , such that the inner layer of the wrap provides a ventilation area which determines the effective ventilation of the smoking articles, for example, as described in any embodiment above. 
       FIGS. 17 to 19  show exemplary processes in methods of manufacture. The terms used and processes illustrated are examples only. In general, a method of manufacturing a smoking article comprises providing one or more rod articles. In particular, the rod articles comprise a source of smokable material, a first filter section and a second filter section. 
     A first blank is wrapped around one or more f the rod articles, e.g. the first filter section. The first blank is dimensioned to wrap a plurality of times around the whole circumference (e.g. two times or three times) to provide an inner and outer tube. The first blank is provided with adhesive to adhere to the rod article and/or the inner layer. 
     A second blank is then wrapped around the rod articles and first blank. The first blank is dimensioned to wrap one or more times around the whole circumference (e.g. one time or two times) to provide one or more further tubes. The second blank is provided with adhesive to adhere to the rod articles and/or the inner layer and/or adhere to an inner layer of the second blank. 
     The rod articles and blank can be configured to manufacture one or more smoking articles simultaneously. For example, if two smoking articles are made simultaneously, a further step is to cut the dual article in half to provide two smoking articles. 
       FIG. 17  shows schematically a first method  2000  of manufacturing smoking articles according to the present invention. The method is related to the embodiment shown in  FIG. 13 , with differences explained below 
     The smoking articles are assembled in assembly process  2050 , using components formed in indexing section process  2010  and second filler process  2040 . These processes are now described in turn. The processes may be configured to provide components which are suitable for manufacturing one, two or four smoking article simultaneously, and which are later cut to form individual smoking articles. 
     The indexing section process  2010  comprises forming a filler having a first indexing section  116 . Indexing section process  2010  comprises providing a sheet material, for example, polymer film (e.g. cellulose acetate film, e.g. CLARIFOIL) or paper ( 2021 ), and embossing an indexing profile ( 2022 ) having grooves and ridges, for example using opposed rollers. The process  2010  further comprises providing a standard tow of filtration material ( 2023 ), for example cellulose acetate tow. The tow is formed into a cylinder ( 2024 ), and the tow plasticised ( 2025 ). Optionally, an adsorbent additive is added to the tow ( 2026 ), for example carbon particles. The adsorbent additive particles are distributed throughout the filtration material. The film with an indexing profile is wrapped around the tow to form a rod comprising a first filter section, and the rod is cut to length if necessary ( 2027 ). 
     In the method as shown, one or more spacing sections are provided ( 2028 ) wrapped around the first filter section ( 2029 ) . The one or more spacing sections are spaced apart longitudinally. 
     Second filter process  2040  comprises providing conventional filtration material ( 2041 ), for example in the form of cellulose acetate tow. The tow is formed into a cylinder ( 2042 ). The tow is plasticised with a plasticiser ( 2043 ). A sheet material is provided, for example, paper plugwrap ( 2044 ). The filtration material is wrapped with the sheet material, and a continuous rod of wrapped filtration material is cut into pieces for forming one or a plurality of second filter sections ( 2045 ). 
     The assembly process  2050  receives the first filter having a first indexing surface ( 2051 ) from process  2010 . A double-length first filter section is provided, having a first indexing surface (i.e. ratchet) and cut in half ( 2054 ). The assembly process  2050  comprises providing standard second filter sections from process  2040  ( 2052 ). Two of the second filter sections (for example a double length second filter) are inserted between the separated first filters ( 2054 ). The second filter sections can be a plain cellulose acetate filter, e.g. with no additive. One or more variable ventilation apertures are formed in the second filter sections, for example with a laser ( 2056 ). 
     The assembly process  2050  further comprises providing a pawl unit comprising a pawl forming the second indexing surface. The pawl unit is formed by providing a sheet material e.g. cellulose acetate film ( 2060 ), from which is cut a blank ( 2061 ). The blanks are separated ( 2062 ), and folded, for example by rollers to form a pawl profile e.g. a triangular upstanding pawl ( 2063 ). 
     An inner sleeve or wrap is formed by providing sheet material ( 2065 ), for example tipping paper. One or more ventilation apertures are cut in the blank ( 2067 ), and the material of the apertures is removed as waste ( 2068 ). The blank may be formed to provide sleeves for two smoking articles. An adhesive is applied to the blank ( 2069 ). 
     The pawl unit is affixed to the inner sleeve blank ( 2070 ) by the adhesive. In some aspects, two pawl units are affixed to each double length sleeve blank. In  2071 , the sleeve blank is located around the first and second filter sections and with the pawl registered between the spacing sections ( 2071 ). The sleeve blank also extends around tobacco rods provided in  2072 , and located adjacent the first filler sections. 
     In some examples, an outer sleeve blank or wrap is formed by providing sheet material ( 2075 ), for example tipping paper. One or more ventilation apertures are cut in the blank ( 2077 ), and the material of the apertures is removed as waste ( 2078 ). The blank may be formed to provide sleeves for two smoking articles. An adhesive is applied to the blank ( 2079 ). The outer tipping paper and inner tipping paper can be integral in some aspects of the invention. 
     The sleeve blanks are secured as cylinders around the inner wrap, first and second filters and tobacco rods to form a double length smoking article ( 2080 ). The double length second filter is cut laterally to form two individual smoking articles ( 2081 ). 
     The method described can be modified to combine or alter the process steps to manufacture a smoking article according to any of the embodiments described. 
       FIG. 18  shows schematically a second method  2100  of manufacturing smoking articles according to the present invention. The method is related to the first method shown in  FIG. 17 , and the same steps are numbered identically. The second method can also relates to the embodiment shown in  FIG. 13 , with the differences explained below. 
     A sleeve or wrap blank is formed by providing sheet material ( 2165 ), for example tipping paper. The wrap is dimensioned to form two (or more layers) around the rod articles no. One or more ventilation apertures are cut in the blank ( 2167 ), and the material of the apertures is removed as waste ( 2168 ). The blank may be formed to provide sleeves for two smoking articles. An adhesive is applied to the blank ( 2169 ). 
     In  2170 , the pawl formed in  2063  (described above) is attached to the blank. For example, the pawl is attached with adhesive. The pawl is positioned on the blank to be on an inner layer of the blank, when wrapped around the rod articles no. 
     In  2180 , the blank is wrapped around the rod articles two or more times to form two or more layers of sheet material. The wrapping of the blank also connects a tobacco rod to the first filter section. Alternatively, the tobacco rod is attached by a separate blank wrapped around the tobacco rod and first filter section. 
       FIG. 19  shows schematically a third method  2200  of manufacturing smoking articles according to the present invention. The method is related to the first method shown in  FIG. 17 , and the same steps are numbered identically. 
     An inner blank for a sleeve or wrap is formed by providing sheet material ( 2265 ), for example tipping paper. The inner wrap (i.e. first blank) is dimensioned to form two (or more layers) around the rod articles no. One or more ventilation apertures are cut in the blank ( 2267 ), and the material of the apertures is removed as waste ( 2268 ). The blank may be formed to provide sleeves for two smoking articles. An adhesive is applied to the blank ( 2269 ). 
     In  2270 , the pawl formed in  2063  (described above) is attached to the blank. For example, the pawl is attached with adhesive. 
     An inner sleeve or wrap is formed by providing sheet material ( 2165 ), for example tipping paper. The inner wrap is dimensioned to form two (or more layers) around the rod articles no. One or more ventilation apertures are cut in the blank ( 2167 ), and the material of the apertures is removed as waste ( 2168 ). The blank may be formed to provide sleeves for two smoking articles. An adhesive is applied to the blank ( 2169 ). 
     In assembly process  2050 , an outer sleeve or wrap is formed by providing sheet material ( 2275 ), for example tipping paper. The inner wrap is dimensioned to form two (or more layers) around the wrapped first filter section. One or more ventilation apertures are cut in the blank ( 2277 ), and the material of the apertures is removed as waste ( 2278 ). The blank may be formed to provide sleeves for two smoking articles. An adhesive is applied to the blank ( 2279 ). 
     In  2280 , the blank is wrapped around the wrapped first filter section two or more times to form two or more layers of sheet material. The outer wrap is arranged to engage to be secured with an exterior surface of a section supporting the pawl, the pawl being engaged with the first indexing surface of the first filter section. 
     In any embodiment, the control element extends over only a part of a circumference of the smoking article. Thus, rotation of the control element can cover a ventilation aperture. 
     The control element is integrally attached to the control element support section. The attachment is not by folding the control element to overlie or underlie the support section. The control element is in the same radial layer as the control element support section. The blanks of embodiments of the invention have a further radial layer can be initially integrally formed with the layer of the control element and support section. Alternatively, a separate radial layer can be wrapped around the control element and support section. 
     The movement of the selection portions relative to the underlying layer has been described as a rotational movement. Alternatively, the movement is a longitudinal movement, i.e. along a longitudinal axis of the rod articles or smoking articles. Alternatively, the movement is a combination of longitudinal and rotational movement. 
     The limiter has been described as comprising a stop integrally formed with the inner wrap. Alternatively, the stop comprises a raised protrusion of any type, movable within a slot. For example, the stop is formed by adhesive, forming a raised protrusion. The stop extends radially outwardly from the rod articles, into the slot of any embodiment. In some examples, the stop is connected to both the outer wrap and the rod articles. In an alternative arrangement, the stop extends through the slot in the inner layer, and attaches to both radially adjacent layers, i.e. to both the outer layer and the rod articles forming the first part of the smoking article. The outer wrap and the rod articles form a single unit, between which the inner wrap is rotatable. The stop provides a connection between the outer wrap and the tobacco unit. The stop  272  may be formed only of adhesive, adhered to both the outer wrap and the tobacco unit. The attachment of the stop  272  to both radially adjacent layers means that the stop  272  cannot be moved out of the slot  271 , for example, by a radial deformation of the inner wrap  113  defining the slot  271 . Alternatively, the slot is formed in the outer wrap, and the stop movable within the slot is attached to the inner wrap. 
     Embodiments of the invention are described in which a plurality of layers wrapped around the rod articles are integrally formed, i.e. the same blank provides a plurality of layers. Alternatively, one or more of the layers described can be formed by a separate blank, i.e. one or each layer is wrapped separately. In addition, any of the layers which are described as formed by wrapping a separate blank can be formed integrally with any other adjacent layer. Any adjacent layer of the smoking article can be integrally formed with any one or more adjacent layers. 
     In some examples, the second filter section is any type of section which provides support for the surrounding wrap(s). For example, the second filter section can be a hollow cylindrical tube. Alternatively, the smoking article does not comprise a second filter section movable relative to the source of smokable material. The second part of the smoking article comprises an exterior part which is movable relative to another exterior part, in order to modify a property of the smoking article, substantially as described. In this case, a filter section is not connected to one of the movable external parts. 
     The sections of blank of any embodiment have been described as comprising one or more frangible connections. Alternatively, the blank does not comprise one or more of those frangible connections. Instead, the sections are separated by cutting the blank prior to, or after, wrapping around the rod articles. For example, the blank could be cut when wrapped around the rod articles by a rotary knife or laser. 
     The control element and the channel in which the control element is movable have been shown in each embodiment. Alternatively, the control element and the channel can be reversed, i.e. the section defining the control element instead defines the channel, and the section defining the channel defines the control element. The control element is still movable within the channel, and the overall function is substantially the same. Minor modifications may be needed to provide for the same functioning. 
     Any embodiment can comprise both a variable ventilation and a base ventilation. The base ventilation can be provided by ventilation areas, e.g. apertures, extending through all layers of the blank(s) and optionally, in the wrap around the rod articles. For example, the second filter section can comprise a base ventilation area. A variable ventilation area can be formed in the first or second ventilation area. The variable ventilation area can have a partial circumferential extent which can be selectively covered by the control element to determine the ventilation, or extend around the circumference such that the position of the aligned control element does not determine ventilation by covering that ventilation area. 
     The first and second part of the smoking article have been described as moving in indexed steps. Alternatively, the smoking article does not comprise an indexing mechanism, and the first and second part of the smoking article do not move in indexed steps. The first and second parts are movable continuously. The range of movement can be limited by the control element, e.g. as described above. A rotational position of the control element relative to at least one ventilation area is not indexed, e.g. the position is continuously selectable. In some examples, the selected position is retained by friction between adjacent layers which are movable relative to each other. This embodiment can comprise the second blank  900 , as described with respect to  FIG. 9 . The blank  900  is wrapped directly around one or more rod articles. The rod articles comprise one or more filter sections. The rod articles may not comprise a first indexing surface. 
     In some examples, the smoking article does not comprise the first blank  901 . The blank  900  can be provided with a cut-out, i.e. an aperture in the blank  900 , e.g. adjacent the control element support section. The cut-out is configured such that the control element support section is movable into the cut-out. Thus, the cut-out allows for an initial movement of the control element support section, e.g. in a circumferential direction. The cut-out provides a space in the same layer as the control element support section, into which the control element support section is movable. The cut-out is configured to prevent a circumferential edge of the control element support section catching on (or contacting) an adjacent part of the blank  900  when rotated. This configuration can allow reliable movement between the first part and second part of the smoking article. A cut-out adjacent, e.g. circumferentially adjacent, to a movable part of the blank, e.g. control element support section, can be included in any embodiment to allow initial movement. 
     The spacing sections are configured to extend one or more times around the circumference of the rod articles, e.g. one or more times around the whole circumference of the rod articles. Various embodiments describe one or more spacing sections extending twice around the rod articles, in some aspects, forming an inner and an outer complete layer. Alternatively, the one or more spacing section(s) extend only one time around the whole circumference of the rod articles. In addition, in some aspects, an overlap of the spacing section is affixed to itself to secure the spacing sections as a tube around the rod articles. The single layer of spacing section can be connected or frangible connected to a control element support section. In this case, the connection (to be cut or frangible) extends around the whole circumferential length of the or each spacing section(s). 
     Any of the features described can be claimed independently of any other feature. For example, the feature of the interface between the first and second parts being longitudinally offset on the different layers can be claimed independently. In particular, the interface is offset on two layers which are integral. The first and second layers are wrapped as a single blank around the rod articles. In some aspects, the contacting surfaces limiting or preventing longitudinal movement can also be claimed independently. 
     In order to address various issues and advance the art, the entirety of this disclosure shows by way of illustration various embodiments in which the claimed invention(s) may be practiced and provide for superior smoking articles or manufacturing of smoking. The advantages and features of the disclosure are of a representative sample of embodiments only, and are not exhaustive and/or exclusive. They are presented only to assist in understanding and teach the claimed features. It is to be understood that advantages, embodiments, examples, functions, features, structures, and/or other aspects of the disclosure are not to be considered limitations on the disclosure as defined by the claims or limitations on equivalents to the claims, and that other embodiments may be utilised and modifications may be made without departing from the scope and/or spirit of the disclosure. Various embodiments may suitably comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of, various combinations of the disclosed elements, components, features, parts, steps, means, etc. In addition, the disclosure includes other inventions not presently claimed, but which may be claimed in future.