Patent Publication Number: US-2022227763-A1

Title: Microbiocidal derivatives

Description:
The present invention relates to microbiocidal azaindole and azaindazole derivatives, e.g., as active ingredients, which have microbiocidal activity, in particular fungicidal activity. The invention also relates to the preparation of these azaindole and azaindazole derivatives, to agrochemical compositions which comprise at least one of the azaindole or azaindazole derivatives and to uses of the azaindole and azaindazole derivatives or compositions thereof in agriculture or horticulture for controlling or preventing the infestation of plants, harvested food crops, seeds or non-living materials by phytopathogenic microorganisms, preferably fungi. 
     WO 2015/040405 describes pyridinecarboxamide derivatives as pesticidal agents. 
     According to the present invention, there is provided a compound of formula (I): 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein 
     A is N or C—R 5 ; 
     Z is N or C—R 5 ; 
     R 1  is hydrogen, cyano, formyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxyC 1 -C 6 alkylcarbonyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxyC 1 -C 3 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxyoxalyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxycarbonylC 1 -C 4 alkylC 1 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylsulfanylcarbonyl, or phenylcarbonyl; 
     R 2  is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, cyano, formyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxyC 1 -C 6 alkylcarbonyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxyC 1 -C 3 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxyoxalyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxycarbonylC 1 -C 4 alkylC 1 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyloxycarbonyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyloxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylsulfanylcarbonyl, or phenylcarbonyl; 
     R 3  is C 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 1 -C 8 haloalkyl, C 1 -C 8 alkoxy, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkylC 1 -C 2 alkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl groups are optionally substituted with 1 to 3 groups represented by R 6 , phenyl, phenylC 1 -C 2 alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC 1 -C 2 alkyl, wherein the heteroaryl is a 5-or 6-membered aromatic monocyclic ring comprising 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC 1 -C 2 alkyl, wherein the heterocyclyl is a 4-, 5-or 6-membered non-aromatic monocyclic ring comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, or a 5-to 10-membered non-aromatic spirocyclic carbobi- or carbotri-cyclyl ring system optionally comprising 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 heteroatoms individually selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and optionally bonded to the rest of the molecule through a C 1 -C 2 alkylene linker; 
     R 4  is phenyl or heteroaryl, wherein heteroaryl is a 5-or 6-membered aromatic monocyclic ring comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and wherein the phenyl or heteroaryl group is optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R 7 ; 
     R 5  is hydrogen, halogen, or C 1 -C 4 alkyl; 
     R 6  is halogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, or C 1 -C 4 haloalkyl; and 
     R 7  is halogen, cyano, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 haloalkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, or C 1 -C 4 haloalkoxy; 
     or a salt or an N-oxide thereof. 
     Surprisingly, it has been found that the novel compounds of formula (I) have, for practical purposes, a very advantageous level of biological activity for protecting plants against diseases that are caused by fungi. 
     According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided an agrochemical composition comprising a fungicidally effective amount of a compound of formula (I) according to the present invention. Such an agricultural composition may further comprise at least one additional active ingredient and/or an agrochemically-acceptable diluent or carrier. 
     According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of controlling or preventing infestation of useful plants by phytopathogenic microorganisms, wherein a fungicidally effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a composition comprising this compound as active ingredient, is applied to the plants, to parts thereof or the locus thereof. 
     According to a fourth aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of a compound of formula (I) as a fungicide. According to this particular aspect of the invention, the use may or may not include methods for the treatment of the human or animal body by surgery or therapy. 
     Where substituents are indicated as being “optionally substituted”, this means that they may or may not carry one or more identical or different substituents, e.g., one, two or three R 6  substituents. For example, C 1 -C 8 alkyl substituted by 1, 2 or 3 halogens, may include, but not be limited to, —CH 2 Cl, —CHCl 2 , —CCl 3 , —CH 2 F, —CHF 2 , —CF 3 , —CH 2 CF 3  or —CF 2 CH 3  groups. As another example, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy substituted by 1, 2 or 3 halogens, may include, but not limited to, CH 2 ClO—, CHCl 2 O—, CCl 3 O—, CH 2 FO—, CHF 2 O—, CF 3 O—, CF 3 CH 2 O— or CH 3 CF 2 O— groups. 
     As used herein, the term “cyano” means a —CN group. 
     As used herein, the term “halogen” refers to fluorine (fluoro), chlorine (chloro), bromine (bromo) or iodine (iodo). 
     As used herein, the term “formyl” means a —C(O)H group. 
     As used herein, the term “acetyl” means a —C(O)CH 3  group. 
     As used herein, the term “C 1 -C 8 alkyl” refers to a straight or branched hydrocarbon chain radical consisting solely of carbon and hydrogen atoms, containing no unsaturation, having from one to eight carbon atoms, and which is attached to the rest of the molecule by a single bond. “C 1 -C 6 alkyl”, “C 1 -C 4 alkyl” and “C 1 -C 3 alkyl” are to be construed accordingly. Examples of C 1 -C 8 alkyl include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, and the isomers thereof, for example, iso-propyl. A “C 1 -C 6 alkylene” group refers to the corresponding definition of C 1 -C 6 alkyl, except that such radical is attached to the rest of the molecule by two single bonds. The term “C 1 -C 2 alkylene” is to be construed accordingly. Examples of C 1 -C 6 alkylene, include, but are not limited to, —CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 — and —(CH 2 ) 3 —. 
     As used herein, the term “C 1 -C 8 haloalkyl” refers a C 1 -C 8 alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by one or more of the same or different halogen atoms. The terms “C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl” and “C 1 -C 4 haloalkyl”, are to be construed accordingly. Examples of C 1 -C 8 haloalkyl include, but are not limited to trifluoromethyl. 
     As used herein, the term “C 1 -C 8 alkoxy” refers to a radical of the formula —OR a  where Ra is a C 1 -C 8 alkyl radical as generally defined above. The terms “C 1 -C 6 alkoxy”, “C 1 -C 4 alkoxy” and “C 1 -C 3 alkoxy” are to be construed accordingly. Examples of C 1 -C 8 alkoxy include, but are not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy, 1-methylethoxy (iso-propoxy), and propoxy. 
     As used herein, the term “C 2 -C 6 alkenyl” refers to a straight or branched hydrocarbon chain radical group consisting solely of carbon and hydrogen atoms, containing at least one double bond that can be of either the (E)- or (Z)-configuration, having from two to six carbon atoms, which is attached to the rest of the molecule by a single bond. The term “C 2 -C 3 alkenyl” is to be construed accordingly. Examples of C 2 -C 6 alkenyl include, but are not limited to, ethenyl (vinyl), prop-1-enyl, prop-2-enyl (allyl), but-1-enyl. 
     As used herein, the term “C 2 -C 6 alkenyloxy” refers to a radical of the formula —OR a  where R a  is a C 2 -C 8 alkenyl radical as generally defined above. 
     As used herein, the term “C 2 -C 6 alkynyl” refers to a straight or branched hydrocarbon chain radical group consisting solely of carbon and hydrogen atoms, containing at least one triple bond, having from two to six carbon atoms, and which is attached to the rest of the molecule by a single bond. The term “C 2 -C 3 alkynyl” is to be construed accordingly. Examples of C 2 -C 6 alkynyl include, but are not limited to, ethynyl, prop-1-ynyl, but-1-ynyl. 
     As used herein, the term “C 2 -C 6 alkynyloxy” refers to a radical of the formula —OR a  where R a  is a C 2 -C 8 alkynyl radical as generally defined above. 
     As used herein, the term “C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl” refers to a radical which is a monocyclic saturated ring system and which contains 3 to 8 carbon atoms. The terms “C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl”, “C 3 -C 4 cycloalkyl” are to be construed accordingly. Examples of C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, 1-methylcyclopropyl, 2-methylcyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, 1-methylcyclobutyl, 1,1-dimethylcyclobutyl, 2-methylcyclobutyl, and 2,2-dimethylcyclobutyl. 
     As used herein, the term “C 3 -C 8 cycloalkylC 1 -C 2 alkyl” refers to a C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl ring attached to the rest of the molecule by a C 1 -C 2 alkylene linker as defined above. 
     As used herein, the term “phenylC 1 -C 2 alkyl” refers to a phenyl ring attached to the rest of the molecule by a C 1 -C 2 alkylene linker as defined above. 
     As used herein, the term “C 1 -C 6 alkoxyoxalyl”, refers to —C(O)C(O)OR a  radical, where R a  C 1 -C 6 alkyl radical as generally defined above. 
     As used herein, the term “heteroaryl” refers to a 5-or 6-membered aromatic monocyclic ring radical which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. Examples of heteroaryl include, but are not limited to, furanyl, pyrrolyl, thienyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidyl or pyridyl. 
     As used herein, the term “heteroarylC 1 -C 2 alkyl” refers to a heteroaryl ring attached to the rest of the molecule by a C 1 -C 2 alkylene linker as defined above. 
     As used herein, the term “heterocyclyl” refers to a stable 4-, 5-or 6-membered non-aromatic monocyclic ring which comprises 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms, wherein the heteroatoms are individually selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. The heterocyclyl radical may be bonded to the rest of the molecule via a carbon atom or heteroatom. Examples of heterocyclyl include, but are not limited to, aziridinyl, azetidinyl, oxetanyl, thietanyl, tetrahydrofuryl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrazolidinyl, imidazolidnyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, dioxolanyl, dithiolanyl and thiazolidinyl. 
     As used herein, the term “heterocyclylC 1 -C 2 alkyl” refers to a heterocyclyl ring attached to the rest of the molecule by a C 1 -C 2 alkylene linker as defined above. 
     As used herein, a “spirocyclic carbobi- or carbotri-cyclyl ring” is a non-aromatic bicyclic ring system comprising two rings joined together at one carbon atom, i.e., sharing one carbon atom. 
     Examples of a spirocyclic carbobi- or carbotri-cyclyl ring system include, but are not limited to, spiro[3.3]heptanyl, spiro[3.4]octanyl, spiro[4.5]decanyl, spiro[cyclobutan-1,2′-indanyl], or spiro[cyclopentane-1,2′-tetralinyl]. 
     As used herein, the term “C 1 -C 6 alkylcarbonyl” refers to a radical of the formula —C(O)R a , where R a  is a C 1 -C 6 alkyl radical as generally defined above. 
     As used herein, the term “C 1 -C 6 alkoxyC 1 -C 6 alkylcarbonyl” refers to a radical of the formula —C(O)R a OR b , where Rb is a C 1 -C 6 alkyl radical as generally defined above, and R a  is a C 1 -C 6 alkylene radical as generally defined above. 
     As used herein, the term “C 1 -C 6 haloalkylcarbonyl” refers to a radical of the formula —C(O)R a , where R a  is a C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl radical as generally defined above. 
     As used herein, the term “C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylcarbonyl” refers to a radical of the formula —C(O)R a , where R a  is a C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl radical as generally defined above. 
     As used herein, the term “C 1 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl” refers to a radical of the formula —C(O)OR a , where R a  is a C 1 -C 6 alkyl radical as generally defined above. 
     As used herein, the term “C 2 -C 6 alkenyloxycarbonyl” refers to a radical of the formula —C(O)OR a , where R a  is a C 2 -C 6 alkenyl radical as generally defined above. 
     As used herein, the term “C 2 -C 6 alkynyloxycarbonyl” refers to a radical of the formula —C(O)OR a , where R a  is a C 2 -C 6 alkynyl radical as generally defined above. 
     As used herein, the term “C 1 -C 6 alkylsulfanylcarbonyl” refers to a radical of the formula —C(O)SR a , where R a  is a C 1 -C 6 alkyl radical as generally defined above. 
     As used herein, the term “phenylcarbonyl” refers to a radical of the formula —C(O)R a , where R a  is a phenyl radical. 
     The presence of one or more possible stereogenic elements in a compound of formula (I) means that the compounds may occur in optically isomeric forms, i.e., enantiomeric or diastereomeric forms. Also, atropisomers may occur as a result of restricted rotation about a single bond. Formula (I) is intended to include all those possible isomeric forms and mixtures thereof. The present invention includes all those possible isomeric forms and mixtures thereof for a compound of formula (I). Likewise, formula (I) is intended to include all possible tautomers. The present invention includes all possible tautomeric forms for a compound of formula (I). 
     In each case, the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention are in free form, in oxidized form as an N-oxide, or in salt form, e.g., an agronomically usable salt form. 
     N-oxides are oxidized forms of tertiary amines or oxidized forms of nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic compounds. They are described for instance in the book “Heterocyclic N-oxides” by A. Albini and S. Pietra, CRC Press, Boca Raton (1991). 
     The following list provides definitions, including preferred definitions, for substituents R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , A and Z, with reference to compounds of formula (I). For any one of these substituents, any of the definitions given below may be combined with any definition of any other substituent given below or elsewhere in this document. 
     A is N or C—R 5 . In one set of embodiments, A is N. In another set of embodiments A is C—R 5 . 
     Z is N or C—R 5 . In one set of embodiments, Z is N. In another set of embodiments Z is C—R 5 . 
     In one set of embodiments, when A is N, Z is N or C—R 5 , wherein R 5  is hydrogen or methyl. In another set of embodiments, when A is N, Z is C—R 5 , wherein R 5  is hydrogen. 
     In a further set of embodiments, when A is C—R 5 , wherein R 5  is hydrogen or methyl, Z is N or C—R 5 , wherein R 5  is hydrogen or methyl. In a further still set of embodiments, when A is C—R 5 , wherein R 5  is hydrogen or methyl, Z is C—R 5 , wherein R 5  is hydrogen. 
     Preferably, A is N or CH. Preferably, Z is CH. 
     R 1  is hydrogen, cyano, formyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxyC 1 -C 6 alkylcarbonyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxyC 1 -C 3 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxyoxalyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxycarbonylC 1 -C 4 alkylC 1 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylsulfanylcarbonyl, or phenylcarbonyl. Preferably, R 1  is hydrogen, cyano, C 1 -C 6 alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 4 haloalkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxyC 1 -C 3 alkylcarbonyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylcarbonyl, or C 1 -C 4 alkoxyC 1 -C 2 alkoxycarbonyl. More preferably, R 1  is hydrogen, cyano, or C 1 -C 6 alkylcarbonyl, even more preferably, hydrogen, cyano, or C 1 -C 3 alkylcarbonyl. More preferably still, R 1  is hydrogen, cyano, or acetyl, even more preferably, hydrogen or cyano. Most preferably, R 1  is hydrogen. 
     R 2  is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, cyano, formyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxyC 1 -C 6 alkylcarbonyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxyC 1 -C 3 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxyoxalyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxycarbonylC 1 -C 4 alkylC 1 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyloxycarbonyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyloxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylsulfanylcarbonyl, or phenylcarbonyl. Preferably, R 2  is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, cyano, formyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxyC 1 -C 6 alkylcarbonyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxyC 1 -C 3 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxyoxalyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxycarbonylC 1 -C 4 alkylC 1 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl, or phenylcarbonyl. More preferably, R 2  is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, cyano, C 1 -C 4 alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxyC 1 -C 3 alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxyC 1 -C 3 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxyoxalyl, or C 1 -C 4 alkoxycarbonylC 1 -C 3 alkylC 1 -C 3 alkoxycarbonyl. Even more preferably, R 2  is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, cyano, C 1 -C 4 alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, cyano, C 1 -C 4 alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxycarbonyl. More preferably still, R 2  is hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, or C 1 -C 4 alkylcarbonyl, even more preferably, hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, acetyl or ethylcarbonyl. Even more preferably still, R 2  is hydrogen, methyl or acetyl. Most preferably, R 2  is hydrogen. 
     R 3  is C 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, C 1 -C 8 alkoxy, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkylC 1 -C 2 alkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl groups are optionally substituted with 1 to 3 groups represented by R 6 , phenyl, phenylC 1 -C 2 alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC 1 -C 2 alkyl, wherein the heteroaryl is a 5-or 6-membered aromatic monocyclic ring comprising 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC 1 -C 2 alkyl, wherein the heterocyclyl is a 4-, 5-or 6-membered non-aromatic monocyclic ring comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, or a 5-to 10-membered non-aromatic spirocyclic carbobi- or carbotri-cyclyl ring system optionally comprising 1, 2, or 3, heteroatoms individually selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and optionally bonded to the rest of the molecule through a C 1 -C 2 alkylene linker. Preferably, R 3  is C 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, C 1 -C 8 alkoxy, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylC 1 -C 2 alkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl groups are optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups represented by R 6 , phenyl, phenylC 1 -C 2 alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC 1 -C 2 alkyl, wherein the heteroaryl is a 5-or 6-membered aromatic monocyclic ring comprising 1, 2, or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC 1 -C 2 alkyl, wherein the heterocyclyl is a 4-, 5-or 6-membered non-aromatic monocyclic ring comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, or a 5-to 10-membered non-aromatic spirocyclic carbobi-cyclyl ring system optionally comprising 1, 2, or 3, heteroatoms individually selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and optionally bonded to the rest of the molecule through a C 1 -C 2 alkylene linker. More preferably, R 3  is C 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, C 1 -C 8 alkoxy, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylC 1 -C 2 alkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl groups are optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups represented by R 8 , phenyl, heteroaryl, wherein the heteroaryl is a 5-or 6-membered aromatic monocyclic ring comprising 1, 2, or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, heterocyclyl, wherein the heterocyclyl is a 5-or 6-membered non-aromatic monocyclic ring comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, or a 6-to 10-membered non-aromatic spirocyclic carbobi-cyclyl ring system optionally comprising 1, or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. Even more preferably, R 3  is C 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, C 1 -C 8 alkoxy, C 3 -C 4 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 4 cycloalkylC 1 -C 2 alkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl groups are optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups represented by R 6 , or a 6-to 9-membered non-aromatic spirocyclic carbobi-cyclyl ring system optionally comprising 1, or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. More preferably still, R 3  is C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 4 cycloalkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl groups are optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups represented by R 6 , or a 6-to 9-membered non-aromatic spirocyclic carbobi-cyclyl ring system. 
     In one set of embodiments, R 3  is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, n-hexyl, cyclopropyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups represented by R 6 , cyclobutyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups represented by R 6 , spiro[3.3]heptan-7-yl], spiro[3.4]octan-3-yl, spiro[3.4]octan-2-yl, spiro[3.5]nonan-2-yl, or 6,6-dimethyl-7-bicyclo[3.2.0]heptanyl. Preferably, R 3  is t-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-methylcyclopropyl, 2,2-dimethylcyclobutyl, or spiro[3.4]octan-3-yl. More preferably, R 3  is n-pentyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, or spiro[3.4]octan-3-yl. 
     R 4  is phenyl or heteroaryl, wherein heteroaryl is a 5-or 6-membered aromatic monocyclic ring comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and wherein the phenyl or heteroaryl group is optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R 7 . Preferably, R 4  is phenyl or heteroaryl, wherein heteroaryl is a 5-or 6-membered aromatic monocyclic ring comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and wherein the phenyl or heteroaryl group is optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R 7 . More preferably, R 4  is phenyl or heteroaryl, wherein heteroaryl is a 5-or 6-membered aromatic monocyclic ring comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from nitrogen and sulfur, and wherein the phenyl or heteroaryl group is optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R 7 . 
     Even more preferably, R 4  is phenyl, pyridyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, or pyrazolyl, wherein each phenyl, pyridyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, or pyrazolyl moiety is optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R 7 . 
     In one set of embodiments, R 4  is phenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 3-methylphenyl, 3-methoxyphenyl, 3,5-difluorophenyl, 3,5-dichlorophenyl, 3,5-dimethylphenyl, 3,5-dimethoxyphenyl, pyridin-4-yl, 2-fluoropyridin-4-yl, 2-chloropyridin-4-yl, 2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl, 2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl, pyridin-3-yl, 6-fluoropyridin-3-yl, 5-fluoropyridin-3-yl, 6-chloropyridin-3-yl, 5-chloropyridin-3-yl, isothiazol-4-yl, thiadiazol-5-yl, or 1-methylpyrazol-4-yl. More preferably still, R 4  is 3,5-difluorophenyl, 2-fluoropyridin-4-yl, 2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl, 5-fluoropyridin-3-yl, isothiazol-4-yl, thiadiazol-5-yl, or 1-methylpyrazol-4-yl. 
     R 5  is hydrogen, halogen, or C 1 -C 4 alkyl. Preferably, R 5  is hydrogen, chloro, methyl or ethyl. More preferably, R 5  is hydrogen or methyl. More preferably still, R 5  is hydrogen. 
     R 6  is halogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, or C 1 -C 4 haloalkyl. Preferably, R 6  is chloro, fluoro, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, C 1 -C 3 alkoxy, or C 1 -C 3 haloalkyl. More preferably, R 6  is chloro, fluoro, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, methoxy, ethoxy, isopropoxy, difluoromethyl or trifluoromethyl. Even more preferably, R 6  is chloro, fluoro, or methyl. Most preferably, R 6  is methyl. 
     R 7  is halogen, cyano, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 haloalkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, or C 1 -C 4 haloalkoxy. Preferably, R 7  is halogen, cyano, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, C 1 -C 3 haloalkyl, C 1 -C 3 alkoxy, or C 1 -C 3 haloalkoxy. More preferably, R 7  is chloro, fluoro, cyano, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, C 1 -C 3 haloalkyl, or C 1 -C 3 alkoxy. Even more preferably, R 7  is chloro, fluoro, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy or isopropoxy. In one set of embodiments R 7  is halogen, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, or C 1 -C 3 alkoxy, preferably R 7  is chloro, fluoro, methyl, or methoxy, and most preferably, fluoro or methyl. 
     In a compound of formula (I) according to the present invention, preferably:
         A is N or CH;   Z is CH;   R 1  and R 2  are both hydrogen;   R 3  is C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 4 cycloalkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl groups are optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups represented by R 6 , or a 6-to 9-membered non-aromatic spirocyclic carbobi-cyclyl ring system;   R 4  is phenyl or heteroaryl, wherein heteroaryl is a 5-or 6-membered aromatic monocyclic ring comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and wherein the phenyl or heteroaryl group is optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R 7 ;   R 6  is methyl; and   R 7  is halogen, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, or C 1 -C 3 alkoxy.       

     In another set of embodiments, A is N or CH;
         Z is N or CH;   R 1  is hydrogen, cyano, or C 1 -C 6 alkylcarbonyl;   R 2  is hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, or C 1 -C 4 alkylcarbonyl;   R 3  is t-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-methylcyclopropyl, 2,2-dimethylcyclobutyl, or spiro[3.4]octan-3-yl;   R 4  is phenyl, pyridyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, or pyrazolyl, wherein each phenyl, pyridyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, or pyrazolyl moiety is optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R 7 ; and   R 7  is chloro, fluoro, methyl, or methoxy.       

     In a further set of embodiments, A is N, CH or CH;
         Z is N, CH or CH;   R 1  is hydrogen, cyano, or acetyl;   R 2  is hydrogen, methyl, or acetyl;   R 3  is t-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-methylcyclopropyl, 2,2-dimethylcyclobutyl, or spiro[3.4]octan-3-yl; and   R 4  is phenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 3-methylphenyl, 3-methoxyphenyl, 3,5-difluorophenyl, 3,5-dichlorophenyl, 3,5-dimethylphenyl, 3,5-dimethoxyphenyl, pyridin-4-yl, 2-fluoropyridin-4-yl, 2-chloropyridin-4-yl, 2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl, 2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl, pyridin-3-yl, 6-fluoropyridin-3-yl, 5-fluoropyridin-3-yl, 6-chloropyridin-3-yl, 5-chloropyridin-3-yl, isothiazol-4-yl, thiadiazol-5-yl, or 1-methylpyrazol-4-yl.       

     In a further still set of embodiments, A is N or CH;
         Z is CH;   R 1  and R 2  are both hydrogen;   R 3  is n-pentyl, 2,2-dimethylcyclobutyl, or spiro[3.4]octan-3-yl; and   R 4  is 3,5-difluorophenyl, 2-fluoropyridin-4-yl, 2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl, 5-fluoropyridin-3-yl, isothiazol-4-yl, thiadiazol-5-yl, or 1-methylpyrazol-4-yl.       

     Compounds of the present invention can be made as shown in the following schemes, in which, unless otherwise stated, the definition of each variable is as defined above for a compound of formula (I). 
     The compounds of formula (I) according to the invention, wherein A, Z, R 1 , R 2 , R 3  and R 4  are as defined for formula (I), can be obtained by transformation of a compound of formula (II), wherein A, Z, R 2 , R 3  are as defined for formula (I) and R 11  is halogen, preferably chloro, with a compound of formula (III), wherein R 1  and R 5  are as defined for formula (I), either by thermal heating, or with the aid of a base or under the conditions of the transition metal catalysed Buchwald-Hartwig amination. This is shown in Scheme 1 below. 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     The Buchwald-Hartwig reaction is well known to those skilled in the art, and is a chemical reaction used in organic chemistry for the synthesis of carbon-nitrogen bonds via the palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions of amines with aryl and heteroaryl halides and sulphonates. Such reactions have been reported for example in for example,  ACS catal.,  2019, 3822-3830 and references cited therein. The reaction typically involves a palladium catalyst such Pd(OAc) 2 , Pd 2 (dba) 3 , and ligands such diphenylphosphinobinapthyl (BINAP) and diphenylphosphinoferrocene (DPPF), and Xantphos. More modern methods of Buchwald-Hartwig couplings involve the use of palladium pre-catalysts such as BrettPhos Pd G3 (CAS[1470372-59-8]) or RuPhos Pd G3 (CAS [1445085-77-7]), use of which ensures the efficient and rapid generation of the active catalytic species. The reaction requires presence of bases such as alkaline earth metal alkoxides and hydroxides, for example potassium or sodium t-butoxides or hydroxides, alkaline earth metal carbonates such as sodium or cesium carbonates, and organic bases such as 1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU). The reactions are carried out in a variety of inert solvents such as THF, water, toluene, dioxane, and DMF and/or mixtures thereof at temperatures between 20-170° C. (Buchwald, S. L.  Chem. Rev.,  2016. 116(19), 12564). The reaction is especially favoured in cases wherein R 1  is hydrogen. 
     The compounds of formula (II), wherein A, Z, R 2 , and R 3  are as defined for formula (I) and R 11  is halogen, preferably chloro, can be obtained by transformation of a compound of formula (IV), wherein A, Z, R 2  is as defined for formula (I) and R 11  is halogen, preferably chloro, with a compound of formula (VI), wherein R 3  is as defined for formula (I), via an intermediate acid chloride or activated acylating agent as described below. This is shown in Scheme 2 below. 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     As shown in Scheme 2 compound (IV), is activated to compounds of formula (V) by methods known to those skilled in the art and described for example in  Tetrahedron,  61 (46), 10827-10852, 2005. For example, compounds of formula (V) where X 0  is halogen are formed by treatment of compounds of formula (IV) with for example, oxalyl chloride or thionyl chloride in the presence of catalytic quantities of DMF in inert solvents such as methylene dichloride or THE at temperatures between 25-170° C. preferably 25-80° C. Treatment of V with compounds of formula (VI), wherein R 3  is as defined in formula (I), optionally in the presence of a base, e.g. triethylamine or pyridine leads to compounds of formula II. Alternatively, compounds of formula (II) can be prepared by treatment of compounds of formula IV with dicyclohexyl carbodiimide (DCC) or 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) to give the activated species (V), wherein X 0  is X 01  or X 02 , in an inert solvent, e.g. pyridine, or THE optionally in the presence of a base, e.g. triethylamine, at temperatures between room temperature and 180° C. In addition, an acid of the formula (IV) can also be activated by reaction with a coupling reagent such as propanephosphonic acid anhydride (T3P®) or O-(7-Aza-1-benzotriazolyl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium-hexafluorophosphate (HATU) to provide compounds of formula (V) wherein X 0  is X 03  and X 04  as described for example in  Synthesis  2013, 45, 1569 and  Journal Prakt. Chemie  1998, 340, 581. Subsequent reaction with an amine of the formula (VI) provides compounds of formula (II). 
     The compounds of formula (IV), wherein A, Z, R 2  is as defined for formula (I) and R 11  is halogen, preferably chloro, can be obtained by transformation of a compound of formula (VII), wherein A, Z, R 2  is as defined for formula (VII) and R 11  is halogen, preferably chloro, under hydrolysis conditions, preferably with the use of an inorganic acid (i.e. HCl) or with an hydroxide base (i.e. NaOH, KOH), with or without thermal heating. This is shown in Scheme 3 below. 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     Hydrolysis of organic cyanides are well known to those skilled in the art. Examples for the hydrolysis under acidic conditions on related substrates can be found in Inorg. Chem., 2009, 48, 1753 ; J. Org. Chem.,  1990, 55, 738 ; Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.,  2007, 17, 2074. Examples for the hydrolysis under basic conditions on related substrates can be found in  Tetrahedron,  2013, 69, 6799; J. Med. 
     Chem., 2013, 56, 1656. 
     The compounds of formula (VII), wherein A is heteroatom, preferably nitrogen, Z is C—R 4 , R 2  and R 5  are as defined for formula (I), R 11  is halogen, preferably chloro, can be obtained by transformation of a compound of formula (VIII), wherein R 2  and R 5  are as defined for formula (I), R 11  is halogen, preferably chloro, with sodium nitrite under annulation conditions. This is shown in Scheme 4 below. 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     Annulation reaction of substituted anilines to substituted indazoles are known to those skilled in the art. Related examples can be found in  J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans.  1, 1980, 2398., Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2016, 26, 5229, RSC Advances, 2016, 6, 22777, Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2007, 15, 2441. 
     The compounds of formula (VIII), wherein R 2  and R 5  are as defined for formula (I) and R 11  is halogen, preferably chloro, can be obtained by transformation of a compound of formula (IX), wherein R 5  is as defined for formula (I) and R 11  is halogen, preferably chloro, with a compound of formula (X), wherein R 2  is as defined for formula (I) and W is halogen or C 1 -C 6 -alkylcarbonyl, with or without the aid of a base and/or thermal heating. This is shown in Scheme 5 below. 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     Alkylation and acylation of anilines are well known to those skilled in the art and reported examples on related substrates can be found in  Chem. Eur. J.,  2016, 22, 12891; Org. Proc. Res. Dev., 2014, 18, 1714; ACS Catalysis, 2017, 7, 2730; 
     Alternatively, compounds of formula (VIII), wherein R 2  and R 5  are as defined for formula (I), R 11  is halogen, preferably chloro, can be obtained by transformation of a compound of formula (XII), wherein R 2  and R 5  are as defined for formula (I), R 11  is halogen, preferably chloro, R 13  is C 1 -C 6  alkyl, under hydrolysis conditions with the aid of an hydroxide base or under acidic conditions, with or without thermal heating. This is shown in Scheme 6 below 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     Hydrolysis of acyl anilines or aromatic imides are well known to those skilled in the art and reported examples on related substrates can be found in  J. Org. Chem.,  1981, 46, 3564; Synlett 2009, 11, 1741; WO 2011146287. 
     The compounds of formula (IX), wherein R 5  is as defined for formula (I) and R 11  is halogen, preferably chloro, can be obtained by transformation of a compound of formula (XII), wherein R 5  is as defined for formula (I), R 11  is halogen, preferably chloro, and R 14  is halogen, preferably iodo, with ZnCN 2  either by thermal heating, or with the aid of a base or under the conditions of the transition metal catalysed coupling reaction. This is shown in Scheme 7 below 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     Cyanation reactions of aromatic halides are well known to those skilled in the art. Such transformation is reported to be possibly promoted by a Pd-catalyst in the presence of an appropriate ligand:  Chem. Lett.  1973, 5, 471 . Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn.  1975, 48, 3298 ; J. Org. Chem.  2006, 71, 4021 ; Org. Process Res. Dev.  2008,12, 575 . Tetrahedron Lett.  1999, 40, 8193 ; Org. Process Res. Dev.  2003, 7, 873 ; Org. Process Res. Dev.  2009, 13, 84 ; Org. Process Res. Dev.  2008, 12, 540 ; Tetrahedron  2006, 62, 4705. Otherwise the transformation can also be promoted by a Ni-mediator as described in  J. Org. Chem.  2003, 68, 9122 or by a Cu-catalyst as described in  Catal. Commun.  2009, 10, 768 ; Chem. Eur. J.  2007, 13, 6249 ; Chem. Eur. J.  2005, 11, 2483 ; J. Am. Chem. Soc.  2003, 125, 2829. 
     The compounds of formula (XII), wherein R 5  is as defined for formula (I), R 11  is halogen, preferably chloro and R 14  is halogen, preferably iodo, can be obtained by transformation of a compound of formula (XIII), wherein R 5  is as defined for formula (I) and R 11  is halogen, preferably chloro, with an halogenating agent, preferably N-iodo succinimide, N-chloro succinimide, N-bromo succinimide or iodine. This is shown in Scheme 8 below. 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     Electrophilic aromatic halogenations of anilines are well known to those skilled in the art and reported examples on related substrates can be found in EP 2014-176868 , J. Med. Chem.  2013, 56, 8860 ; J. Org. Chem.,  2015, 80,10806; Org. Lett., 2014, 16, 556. 
     The compounds of formula (XIII), wherein R 5  is as defined for formula (I) and R 11  is halogen, preferably chloro, can be obtained by transformation of a compound of formula (XIV), wherein R 5  is as defined for formula (I) and R 11  is halogen, preferably chloro, with a reducing agent, preferably hydrogen gas with or without the aid of a heterogeneous metal mediator, preferably Raney Nickel. This is shown in Scheme 9 below. 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     Reduction of aromatic nitro compounds to anilines can be performed under various conditions, which are well known to those skilled in the art. Standard methods are described in  Comprehensive Organic Transformations ; VCH: New York, 1989, pp. 411-415 ; Comprehensive Organic Synthesis ; Pergamon Press: Oxford, 1991; Vol. 8, pp 363-379 ; Comprehensive Organic Functional Group Transformations ; Pergamon Press: Oxford, 1995; Vol. 2, pp 737-817. Reduction of related substrates to those reported here can be found in Chemical &amp; Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 65(1), 66-81; 2017, WO 2016095088, WO 2016141092, Synthetic Communications, 23(3), 365-72; 1993, WO 2018213211, Bioorganic &amp; Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 18(3), 891-896; 2008; Bioorganic &amp; Medicinal Chemistry, 19(11), 3483-3491; 2011. 
     Alternatively, the compounds of formula (II), wherein A, Z, R 1 , R 2 , R 3  and R 4  are as defined for formula (I), can be obtained by transformation of a compound of formula (XV), wherein A, Z, R 2  are as defined for formula (I), R 11  and R 14  are halogen, preferably chloro, with a compound of formula (VI), wherein R 3  is as defined for formula (I), in the presence of carbon monoxide under the conditions of transition metal catalysed aminocarbonylation. This is shown in Scheme 10 below. 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     Aminocarbonylation reactions of aromatic halides are well known to those skilled in the art. The transformation, which can be promoted by a transition metal catalyst, has been pioneered by Schoenberg and Heck ( J. Org. Chem.  1974, 39, 3327) and represents today a well-established access to aromatic amides ( Tetrahedron  2012, 68, 9867 and references therein;  Science of Synthesis: Cross - Coupling and Heck - Type Reactions ; Thieme: Stuttgart, 2013. Aminocarbonylation reactions of related substrates to those reported here can be found in WO 2005121094; Eur. J. Org. Chem., 2003, 11, 2132; WO 2005082859, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2008, 18, 5023. 
     The compounds of formula (XV), wherein A, Z, R 2  are as defined for formula (I), R 11  and R 14  are halogen, preferably chloro, can be obtained by transformation of a compound of formula (XVI), wherein A, Z are as defined for formula (I), R 11  and R 14  are halogen, preferably chloro, with a compound of formula (X), wherein R 2  is as defined for formula (I) and W is halogen or C 1 -C 6 -alkylcarbonyl, with or without the aid of a base and/or thermal heating. This is shown in Scheme 11 below. 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     Alkylation and acylation N—H heterocycles are well known to those skilled in the art and reported examples on related substrates can be found in  ACS Catalysis,  2017, 7, 7182; WO 2013037411 , Heterocycles,  1989, 28, 1101; Org. Lett., 2009, 11, 1357 ; J. Med. Chem.,  2015, 58, 9309. 
     The compounds of formula (XVI), wherein A and Z are C—R 5 , R 5  and R 2  are as defined for formula (I), R 11  and R 14  are halogen, preferably chloro, can be obtained by transformation of a compound of formula (XVIII), R 11  and R 14  are halogen, preferably chloro, with a compound of formula (XVIII), wherein A, Z are C—R 5 , R 5  is as defined for formula (I) and R 15  is halogen, preferably bromine, under the conditions of Bartoli indole synthesis. This is shown in Scheme 12 below. 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     Idolization reactions are well known to those skilled in the art. In particular, the Bartoli method is well-established and largely applied to the synthesis of various indoles and related heterocycles. The field has been recently reviewed in the review article  Chem. Soc. Rev.,  2014, 43, 4728. 
     Surprisingly, it has now been found that the novel compounds of formula (I) have, for practical purposes, a very advantageous level of biological activity for protecting plants against diseases that are caused by fungi. 
     The compounds of formula (I) can be used in the agricultural sector and related fields of use, e.g., as active ingredients for controlling plant pests or on non-living materials for control of spoilage microorganisms or organisms potentially harmful to man. The novel compounds are distinguished by excellent activity at low rates of application, by being well tolerated by plants and by being environmentally safe. They have very useful curative, preventive and systemic properties and may be used for protecting numerous cultivated plants. The compounds of formula (I) can be used to inhibit or destroy the pests that occur on plants or parts of plants (fruit, blossoms, leaves, stems, tubers, roots) of different crops of useful plants, while at the same time protecting also those parts of the plants that grow later, e.g., from phytopathogenic microorganisms. 
     The present invention further relates to a method for controlling or preventing infestation of plants or plant propagation material and/or harvested food crops susceptible to microbial attack by treating plants or plant propagation material and/or harvested food crops wherein an effective amount a compound of formula (I) is applied to the plants, to parts thereof or the locus thereof. 
     It is also possible to use the compounds of formula (I) as fungicide. The term “fungicide” as used herein means a compound that controls, modifies, or prevents the growth of fungi. The term “fungicidally effective amount” means the quantity of such a compound or combination of such compounds that is capable of producing an effect on the growth of fungi. Controlling or modifying effects include all deviation from natural development, such as killing, retardation and the like, and prevention includes barrier or other defensive formation in or on a plant to prevent fungal infection. 
     It is also possible to use compounds of formula (I) as dressing agents for the treatment of plant propagation material, e.g., seed, such as fruits, tubers or grains, or plant cuttings (e.g., rice), for the protection against fungal infections, as well as against phytopathogenic fungi occurring in the soil. The propagation material can be treated with a composition comprising a compound of formula (I) before planting: seed, e.g., can be dressed before being sown. 
     The active ingredients according to the invention can also be applied to grains (coating), either by impregnating the seeds in a liquid formulation or by coating them with a solid formulation. The composition can also be applied to the planting site when the propagation material is being planted, e.g., to the seed furrow during sowing. The invention relates also to such methods of treating plant propagation material and to the plant propagation material so treated. 
     Furthermore, the compounds according to present invention can be used for controlling fungi in related areas, for example in the protection of technical materials, including wood and wood related technical products, in food storage, in hygiene management. 
     In addition, the invention could be used to protect non-living materials from fungal attack, e.g., lumber, wall boards and paint. 
     The compounds of formula (I) may be, for example, effective against fungi and fungal vectors of disease as well as phytopathogenic bacteria and viruses. These fungi and fungal vectors of disease as well as phytopathogenic bacteria and viruses are for example:  Absidia corymbifera, Alternaria  spp,  Aphanomyces  spp,  Ascochyta  spp,  Aspergillus  spp. including  A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. nidulans, A. niger, A. terrus, Aureobasidium  spp. including  A. pullulans, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Blumeria graminis, Bremia lactucae, Botryosphaeria  spp. including  B. dothidea, B. obtusa, Botrytis  spp. including  B. cinerea, Candida  spp. including  C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. lusitaniae, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, Cephaloascus fragrans, Ceratocystis  spp,  Cercospora  spp. including  C. arachidicola, Cercosporidium personatum, Cladosporium  spp,  Claviceps purpurea, Coccidioides immitis, Cochliobolus  spp,  Colletotrichum  spp. including  C. musae, Cryptococcus neoformans, Diaporthe  spp,  Didymella  spp,  Drechslera  spp,  Elsinoe  spp,  Epidermophyton  spp,  Erwinia amylovora, Erysiphe  spp. including  E. cichoracearum, Eutypa lata, Fusarium  spp. including  F. culmorum, F. graminearum, F. langsethiae, F. moniliforme, F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. subglutinans, F. solani, Gaeumannomyces graminis, Gibberella fujikuroi, Gloeodes pomigena, Gloeosporium musarum, Glomerella cingulate, Guignardia bidwellii, Gymnosporangium juniperi - virginianae, Helminthosporium  spp,  Hemileia  spp,  Histoplasma  spp. including  H. capsulatum, Laetisaria fuciformis, Leptographium lindbergi, Leveillula taurica, Lophodermium seditiosum, Microdochium nivale, Microsporum  spp,  Monilinia  spp,  Mucor  spp,  Mycosphaerella  spp. including  M. graminicola, M. pomi, Oncobasidium theobromaeon, Ophiostoma piceae, Paracoccidioides  spp,  Penicillium  spp. including  P. digitatum, P. italicum, Petriellidium  spp,  Peronosclerospora  spp. Including  P. maydis, P. philippinensis  and  P. sorghi, Peronospora  spp,  Phaeosphaeria nodorum, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, Phellinus igniarus, Phialophora  spp,  Phoma  spp,  Phomopsis viticola, Phytophthora  spp. including  P. infestans, Plasmopara  spp. including  P. halstedii, P. viticola, Pleospora  spp.,  Podosphaera  spp. including  P. leucotricha, Polymyxa graminis, Polymyxa betae, Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides, Pseudomonas  spp,  Pseudoperonospora  spp. including  P. cubensis, P. humuli, Pseudopeziza tracheiphila, Puccinia  Spp. including  P. hordei, P. recondita, P. striiformis, P. triticina, Pyrenopeziza  spp,  Pyrenophora  spp,  Pyricularia  spp. including  P. oryzae, Pythium  spp. including  P. ultimum, Ramularia  spp,  Rhizoctonia  spp,  Rhizomucor pusillus, Rhizopus arrhizus, Rhynchosporium  spp,  Scedosporium  spp. including  S. apiospermum  and  S. prolificans, Schizothyrium pomi, Sclerotinia  spp,  Sclerotium  spp,  Septoria  spp, including  S. nodorum, S. tritici, Sphaerotheca macularis, Sphaerotheca fusca  ( Sphaerotheca fuliginea ),  Sporothorix  spp,  Stagonospora nodorum, Stemphylium  spp.,  Stereum hirsutum, Thanatephorus cucumeris, Thielaviopsis basicola, Tilletia  spp,  Trichoderma  spp., including  T. harzianum, T. pseudokoningii, T. viride, Trichophyton  spp,  Typhula  spp,  Uncinula necator, Urocystis  spp,  Ustilago  spp,  Venturia  spp. including  V. inaequalis, Verticillium  spp, and  Xanthomonas  spp. 
     Within the scope of present invention, target crops and/or useful plants to be protected typically comprise perennial and annual crops, such as berry plants for example blackberries, blueberries, cranberries, raspberries and strawberries; cereals for example barley, maize (corn), millet, oats, rice, rye, sorghum triticale and wheat; fibre plants for example cotton, flax, hemp, jute and sisal; field crops for example sugar and fodder beet, coffee, hops, mustard, oilseed rape (canola), poppy, sugar cane, sunflower, tea and tobacco; fruit trees for example apple, apricot, avocado, banana, cherry, citrus, nectarine, peach, pear and plum; grasses for example Bermuda grass, bluegrass, bentgrass, centipede grass, fescue, ryegrass, St. Augustine grass and Zoysia grass; herbs such as basil, borage, chives, coriander, lavender, lovage, mint, oregano, parsley, rosemary, sage and thyme; legumes for example beans, lentils, peas and soya beans; nuts for example almond, cashew, ground nut, hazelnut, peanut, pecan, pistachio and walnut; palms for example oil palm; ornamentals for example flowers, shrubs and trees; other trees, for example cacao, coconut, olive and rubber; vegetables for example asparagus, aubergine, broccoli, cabbage, carrot, cucumber, garlic, lettuce, marrow, melon, okra, onion, pepper, potato, pumpkin, rhubarb, spinach and tomato; and vines for example grapes. 
     The term “useful plants” is to be understood as including also useful plants that have been rendered tolerant to herbicides like bromoxynil or classes of herbicides (such as, for example, HPPD inhibitors, ALS inhibitors, for example primisulfuron, prosulfuron and trifloxysulfuron, EPSPS (5-enol-pyrovyl-shikimate-3-phosphate-synthase) inhibitors, GS (glutamine synthetase) inhibitors or PPO (protoporphyrinogen-oxidase) inhibitors) as a result of conventional methods of breeding or genetic engineering. An example of a crop that has been rendered tolerant to imidazolinones, e.g. imazamox, by conventional methods of breeding (mutagenesis) is Clearfield® summer rape (Canola). Examples of crops that have been rendered tolerant to herbicides or classes of herbicides by genetic engineering methods include glyphosate- and glufosinate-resistant maize varieties commercially available under the trade names RoundupReady®, Herculex I® and LibertyLink®. 
     The term “useful plants” is to be understood as including also useful plants which have been so transformed by the use of recombinant DNA techniques that they are capable of synthesising one or more selectively acting toxins, such as are known, for example, from toxin-producing bacteria, especially those of the genus  Bacillus.    
     Examples of such plants are: YieldGard® (maize variety that expresses a CryIA(b) toxin); YieldGard Rootworm® (maize variety that expresses a CryIIIB(b1) toxin); YieldGard Plus® (maize variety that expresses a CryIA(b) and a CryIIIB(b1) toxin); Starlink® (maize variety that expresses a Cry9(c) toxin); Herculex I® (maize variety that expresses a CryIF(a2) toxin and the enzyme phosphinothricine N-acetyltransferase (PAT) to achieve tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium); NuCOTN 33B® (cotton variety that expresses a CryIA(c) toxin); Bollgard I® (cotton variety that expresses a CryIA(c) toxin); Bollgard II® (cotton variety that expresses a CryIA(c) and a CryIIA(b) toxin); VIPCOT® (cotton variety that expresses a VIP toxin); NewLeaf® (potato variety that expresses a CryIIIA toxin); NatureGard® Agrisure® GT Advantage (GA21 glyphosate-tolerant trait), Agrisure® CB Advantage (Bt11 corn borer (CB) trait), Agrisure® RW (corn rootworm trait) and Protecta®. 
     The term “crops” is to be understood as including also crop plants which have been so transformed by the use of recombinant DNA techniques that they are capable of synthesising one or more selectively acting toxins, such as are known, for example, from toxin-producing bacteria, especially those of the genus  Bacillus.    
     Toxins that can be expressed by such transgenic plants include, for example, insecticidal proteins from  Bacillus cereus  or  Bacillus popilliae ; or insecticidal proteins from  Bacillus thuringiensis , such as 6-endotoxins, e.g. Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1F, Cry1Fa2, Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Cry3Bb1 or Cry9C, or vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vip), e.g. Vip1, Vip2, Vip3 or Vip3A; or insecticidal proteins of bacteria colonising nematodes, for example  Photorhabdus  spp. or  Xenorhabdus  spp., such as  Photorhabdus luminescens, Xenorhabdus nematophilus ; toxins produced by animals, such as scorpion toxins, arachnid toxins, wasp toxins and other insect-specific neurotoxins; toxins produced by fungi, such as Streptomycetes toxins, plant lectins, such as pea lectins, barley lectins or snowdrop lectins; agglutinins; proteinase inhibitors, such as trypsin inhibitors, serine protease inhibitors, patatin, cystatin, papain inhibitors; ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIP), such as ricin, maize-RIP, abrin, luffin, saporin or bryodin; steroid metabolism enzymes, such as 3-hydroxysteroidoxidase, ecdysteroid-UDP-glycosyl-transferase, cholesterol oxidases, ecdysone inhibitors, HMG-COA-reductase, ion channel blockers, such as blockers of sodium or calcium channels, juvenile hormone esterase, diuretic hormone receptors, stilbene synthase, bibenzyl synthase, chitinases and glucanases. 
     In the context of the present invention there are to be understood by 6-endotoxins, for example Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1F, Cry1Fa2, Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Cry3Bb1 or Cry9C, or vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vip), for example Vip1, Vip2, Vip3 or Vip3A, expressly also hybrid toxins, truncated toxins and modified toxins. Hybrid toxins are produced recombinantly by a new combination of different domains of those proteins (see, for example, WO 02/15701). Truncated toxins, for example a truncated Cry1Ab, are known. In the case of modified toxins, one or more amino acids of the naturally occurring toxin are replaced. In such amino acid replacements, preferably non-naturally present protease recognition sequences are inserted into the toxin, such as, for example, in the case of Cry3A055, a cathepsin-G-recognition sequence is inserted into a Cry3A toxin (see WO 03/018810). 
     Examples of such toxins or transgenic plants capable of synthesising such toxins are disclosed, for example, in EP-A-0 374 753, WO 93/07278, WO 95/34656, EP-A-0 427 529, EP-A-451 878 and WO 03/052073. 
     The processes for the preparation of such transgenic plants are generally known to the person skilled in the art and are described, for example, in the publications mentioned above. CryI-type deoxyribonucleic acids and their preparation are known, for example, from WO 95/34656, EP-A-0 367 474, EP-A-0 401 979 and WO 90/13651. 
     The toxin contained in the transgenic plants imparts to the plants tolerance to harmful insects. 
     Such insects can occur in any taxonomic group of insects, but are especially commonly found in the beetles (Coleoptera), two-winged insects (Diptera) and butterflies (Lepidoptera). 
     Transgenic plants containing one or more genes that code for an insecticidal resistance and express one or more toxins are known and some of them are commercially available. Examples of such plants are: YieldGard® (maize variety that expresses a Cry1Ab toxin); YieldGard Rootworm® (maize variety that expresses a Cry3Bb1 toxin); YieldGard Plus® (maize variety that expresses a Cry1Ab and a Cry3Bb1 toxin); Starlink® (maize variety that expresses a Cry9C toxin); Herculex I® (maize variety that expresses a Cry1Fa2 toxin and the enzyme phosphinothricine N-acetyltransferase (PAT) to achieve tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium); NuCOTN 33B® (cotton variety that expresses a Cry1Ac toxin); Bollgard I® (cotton variety that expresses a Cry1Ac toxin); Bollgard II® (cotton variety that expresses a Cry1Ac and a Cry2Ab toxin); VipCot® (cotton variety that expresses a Vip3A and a Cry1Ab toxin); NewLeaf® (potato variety that expresses a Cry3A toxin); NatureGard®, Agrisure® GT Advantage (GA21 glyphosate-tolerant trait), Agrisure® CB Advantage (Bt11 corn borer (CB) trait) and Protecta®. 
     Further examples of such transgenic crops are: 
     1. Bt11 Maize from Syngenta Seeds SAS, Chemin de l&#39;Hobit 27, F-31 790 St. Sauveur, France, registration number C/FR/96/05/10. Genetically modified  Zea mays  which has been rendered resistant to attack by the European corn borer ( Ostrinia nubilalis  and  Sesamia nonagrioides ) by transgenic expression of a truncated Cry1Ab toxin. Bt11 maize also transgenically expresses the enzyme PAT to achieve tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium.
 
2. Bt176 Maize from Syngenta Seeds SAS, Chemin de l&#39;Hobit 27, F-31 790 St. Sauveur, France, registration number C/FR/96/05/10. Genetically modified  Zea mays  which has been rendered resistant to attack by the European corn borer ( Ostrinia nubilalis  and  Sesamia nonagrioides ) by transgenic expression of a Cry1Ab toxin. Bt176 maize also transgenically expresses the enzyme PAT to achieve tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium.
 
3. MIR604 Maize from Syngenta Seeds SAS, Chemin de l&#39;Hobit 27, F-31 790 St. Sauveur, France, registration number C/FR/96/05/10. Maize which has been rendered insect-resistant by transgenic expression of a modified Cry3A toxin. This toxin is Cry3A055 modified by insertion of a cathepsin-G-protease recognition sequence. The preparation of such transgenic maize plants is described in WO 03/018810.
 
4. MON 863 Maize from Monsanto Europe S.A. 270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium, registration number C/DE/02/9. MON 863 expresses a Cry3Bb1 toxin and has resistance to certain Coleoptera insects.
 
5. IPC 531 Cotton from Monsanto Europe S.A. 270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium, registration number C/ES/96/02.
 
6. 1507 Maize from Pioneer Overseas Corporation, Avenue Tedesco, 7 B-1160 Brussels, Belgium, registration number C/NL/00/10. Genetically modified maize for the expression of the protein Cry1F for achieving resistance to certain Lepidoptera insects and of the PAT protein for achieving tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium.
 
7. NK603×MON 810 Maize from Monsanto Europe S.A. 270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium, registration number C/GB/02/M3/03. Consists of conventionally bred hybrid maize varieties by crossing the genetically modified varieties NK603 and MON 810. NK603×MON 810 Maize transgenically expresses the protein CP4 EPSPS, obtained from  Agrobacterium  sp. strain CP4, which imparts tolerance to the herbicide Roundup® (contains glyphosate), and also a Cry1Ab toxin obtained from  Bacillus thuringiensis  subsp. kurstaki which brings about tolerance to certain Lepidoptera, include the European corn borer.
 
     Additionally, to date, no cross-resistance has been observed between the compounds of Formula (I) (including any one of compounds described in Table 3 (below)) and any fungicidal solutions used to control phytopathogenic fungi such as  Absidia corymbifera, Alternaria  spp,  Aphanomyces  spp,  Ascochyta  spp,  Aspergillus  spp. including  A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. nidulans, A. niger, A. terrus, Aureobasidium  spp. including  A. pullulans, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Blumeria graminis, Bremia lactucae, Botryosphaeria  spp. including  B. dothidea, B. obtusa, Botrytis  spp. including  B. cinerea, Candida  spp. including  C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. lusitaniae, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, Cephaloascus fragrans, Ceratocystis  spp,  Cercospora  spp. including  C. arachidicola, Cercosporidium personatum, Cladosporium  spp,  Claviceps purpurea, Coccidioides immitis, Cochliobolus  spp,  Colletotrichum  spp. including  C. musae, Cryptococcus neoformans, Diaporthe  spp,  Didymella  spp,  Drechslera  spp,  Elsinoe  spp,  Epidermophyton  spp,  Erwinia amylovora, Erysiphe  spp. including  E. cichoracearum, Eutypa lata, Fusarium  spp. including  F. culmorum, F. graminearum, F. langsethiae, F. moniliforme, F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. subglutinans, F. solani, Gaeumannomyces graminis, Gibberella fujikuroi, Gloeodes pomigena, Gloeosporium musarum, Glomerella cingulate, Guignardia bidwellii, Gymnosporangium juniperi - virginianae, Helminthosporium  spp,  Hemileia  spp,  Histoplasma  spp. including  H. capsulatum, Laetisaria fuciformis, Leptographium lindbergi, Leveillula taurica, Lophodermium seditiosum, Microdochium nivale, Microsporum  spp,  Monilinia  spp,  Mucor  spp,  Mycosphaerella  spp. including  M. graminicola, M. pomi, Oncobasidium theobromaeon, Ophiostoma piceae, Paracoccidioides  spp,  Penicillium  spp. including  P. digitatum, P. italicum, Petriellidium  spp,  Peronosclerospora  spp. Including  P. maydis, P. philippinensis  and  P. sorghi, Peronospora  spp,  Phaeosphaeria nodorum, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, Phellinus igniarus, Phialophora  spp,  Phoma  spp,  Phomopsis viticola, Phytophthora  spp. including  P. infestans, Plasmopara  spp. including  P. halstedii, P. viticola, Pleospora  spp.,  Podosphaera  spp. including  P. leucotricha, Polymyxa graminis, Polymyxa betae, Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides, Pseudomonas  spp,  Pseudoperonospora  spp. including  P. cubensis, P. humuli, Pseudopeziza tracheiphila, Puccinia  Spp. including  P. hordei, P. recondita, P. striiformis, P. triticina, Pyrenopeziza  spp,  Pyrenophora  spp,  Pyricularia  spp. including  P. oryzae, Pythium  spp. including  P. ultimum, Ramularia  spp,  Rhizoctonia  spp,  Rhizomucor pusillus, Rhizopus arrhizus, Rhynchosporium  spp,  Scedosporium  spp. including  S. apiospermum  and  S. prolificans, Schizothyrium pomi, Sclerotinia  spp,  Sclerotium  spp,  Septoria  spp, including  S. nodorum, S. tritici, Sphaerotheca macularis, Sphaerotheca fusca  ( Sphaerotheca fuliginea ),  Sporothorix  spp,  Stagonospora nodorum, Stemphylium  spp.,  Stereum hirsutum, Thanatephorus cucumeris, Thielaviopsis basicola, Tilletia  spp,  Trichoderma  spp., including  T. harzianum, T. pseudokoningii, T. viride, Trichophyton  spp,  Typhula  spp,  Uncinula necator, Urocystis  spp,  Ustilago  spp,  Venturia  spp. including  V. inaequalis, Verticillium  spp, and  Xanthomonas  spp., in particular,  Zymoseptoria tritici, Puccinia recondita, Puccinia striiformis, Erysiphe graminis, Uncinula necator, Sphaerotheca fuliginea, Leveillula taurica, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, Pyricularia oryzae, Alternaria solani, Alternaria alternata, Mycosphaerella fijiensis, Colletotrichum lagenarium, Didymella bryoniae, Ascochyta pisii, Verticillium dahliae, Pyrenophora teres, Cercospora beticola, Ramularia collo - cygni, Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Monilinia laxa, Monographaella nivalis  and  Venturia inaequalis.    
     Indeed, fungicidal-resistant strains in any of the species as outlined above have been reported in the scientific literature, with strains resistant to one or more fungicides from at least one of the following fungicidal mode of action classes: quinone-outside-inhibitors (Qol), quinone-inside-inhibitors (Qil), succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI) and sterol demethylation-inhibitors (DMI). Such fungicidal-resistant strains may contain:
         A mutation in the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene conferring resistance to Qo inhibitors, wherein the mutation is G143A, F129L or G137R. See for example: Gisi et al., Pest Manag Sci 56, 833-841, (2000), Lucas, Pestic Outlook 14(6), 268-70 (2003), Fraaije et al., Phytopathol 95(8), 933-41 (2005), Sierotzki et al., Pest Manag Sci 63(3), 225-233 (2007), Semar et al., Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection (3), 117-119 (2007); and Pasche et al., Crop Protection 27(3-5), 427-435 (2008).   A mutation in the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene conferring resistance to Qi inhibitors, wherein the mutation is G37A/C/D/S/V. See for example: Meunier et al., Pest Manag Sci 2019; 75: 2107-2114.   A mutation in the genes encoding the SdhB,C,D subunits conferring resistance to SDHI inhibitors wherein the mutation is in the following major pathogens:
             Botrytis cinerea : B-P225H/L/TY/F, B-N2301, B-H272LY/R, C-P80H/L, C-N87S;     Alternaria solani : B-H278R/Y, C-H134R/Q, D-D123E, D-H133R and C-H134R;     Zymoseptoria tritici : sdhB: N225T, N225I, R265P, T268I, T268A. In sdhC: T79N, T79I, W80S, W80A, A84F, N86S, N86A, P127A, R151M/S/T/G, R151S, R151T, H152RY, V166M, T168R. In sdhD: I50F, M114V, D129G, T20P+K186R;     Pyrenophora teres : In sdhB: S66P, N235I, H277Y. In sdhC: K49E, R64K, N75S, G79R, H134R, S135R. In sdhD: D124E, H134R, G138V, D145G;     Ramularia collo - cygni : In sdhB: N224T, T267I. In sdhC: N87S, G91R, H146R/L, G171D, H153R;     Phakopsora pachyrhizi : C-186F;     Sclerotinia sclerotiorum : In sdhB: H273Y. In sdhC: G91R, H146R. In sdhD: T108K, H132R, G150R.
 
Major source of information is www.frac.info, Sierotzki and Scalliet Phytopathology (2013) 103(9): 880-887 and Simões et al.,  J Plant Dis Prot  (2018) 125: 21-2.
   
           A mutation or combination of mutations in the CYP51 gene conferring resistance to DMI inhibitors wherein the mutations are: L50S, D134G, V136A/C, Y137F, S188N, A379G, 1381V, deletion 459-460, Y461H/S, N513K, S524T. Major source of information is www.frac.info, Cools et al., Plant Pathol (2013) 62: 36-42 and Schmitz H K et al., Pest Manag Sci (2014) 70: 378-388.       

     Thus, in a preferred embodiment, the compounds of Formula (I) (including any one of compounds described in Table 3 (below)), or fungicidal compositions according to the present invention comprising a compound of Formula (I), are used to control fungal strains which are resistant to one or more fungicides from any of the following fungicidal MoA classes: quinone-outside-inhibitors (Qol), quinone-inside-inhibitors (Qil), succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI) and sterol demethylation-inhibitors (DMI). 
     The term “locus” as used herein means fields in or on which plants are growing, or where seeds of cultivated plants are sown, or where seed will be placed into the soil. It includes soil, seeds, and seedlings, as well as established vegetation. 
     The term “plants” refers to all physical parts of a plant, including seeds, seedlings, saplings, roots, tubers, stems, stalks, foliage, and fruits. 
     The term “plant propagation material” is understood to denote generative parts of the plant, such as seeds, which can be used for the multiplication of the latter, and vegetative material, such as cuttings or tubers, for example potatoes. There may be mentioned for example seeds (in the strict sense), roots, fruits, tubers, bulbs, rhizomes and parts of plants. Germinated plants and young plants which are to be transplanted after germination or after emergence from the soil, may also be mentioned. These young plants may be protected before transplantation by a total or partial treatment by immersion. Preferably “plant propagation material” is understood to denote seeds. 
     Pesticidal agents referred to herein using their common name are known, for example, from “The Pesticide Manual”, 15th Ed., British Crop Protection Council 2009. 
     The compounds of formula (I) may be used in unmodified form or, preferably, together with the adjuvants conventionally employed in the art of formulation. To this end, they may be conveniently formulated in known manner to emulsifiable concentrates, coatable pastes, directly sprayable or dilutable solutions or suspensions, dilute emulsions, wettable powders, soluble powders, dusts, granulates, and also encapsulations e.g. in polymeric substances. As with the type of the compositions, the methods of application, such as spraying, atomising, dusting, scattering, coating or pouring, are chosen in accordance with the intended objectives and the prevailing circumstances. The compositions may also contain further adjuvants such as stabilizers, antifoams, viscosity regulators, binders or tackifiers as well as fertilizers, micronutrient donors or other formulations for obtaining special effects. 
     Suitable carriers and adjuvants, e.g., for agricultural use, can be solid or liquid and are substances useful in formulation technology, e.g. natural or regenerated mineral substances, solvents, dispersants, wetting agents, tackifiers, thickeners, binders or fertilizers. Such carriers are for example described in WO 97/33890. 
     The compounds of formula (I) are normally used in the form of compositions and can be applied to the crop area or plant to be treated, simultaneously or in succession with further compounds. These further compounds can be, e.g., fertilizers or micronutrient donors or other preparations, which influence the growth of plants. They can also be selective herbicides or non-selective herbicides as well as insecticides, fungicides, bactericides, nematicides, molluscicides or mixtures of several of these preparations, if desired together with further carriers, surfactants or application promoting adjuvants customarily employed in the art of formulation. 
     The compounds of formula (I) may be used in the form of (fungicidal) compositions for controlling or protecting against phytopathogenic microorganisms, comprising as active ingredient at least one compound of formula (I) or of at least one preferred individual compound as above-defined, in free form or in agrochemically usable salt form, and at least one of the above-mentioned adjuvants. 
     The invention provides a composition, preferably a fungicidal composition, comprising at least one compound formula (I) an agriculturally acceptable carrier and optionally an adjuvant. An agricultural acceptable carrier is for example a carrier that is suitable for agricultural use. Agricultural carriers are well known in the art. Preferably, said composition may comprise at least one or more pesticidally active compounds, for example an additional fungicidal active ingredient in addition to the compound of formula (I). 
     The compound of formula (I) may be the sole active ingredient of a composition or it may be admixed with one or more additional active ingredients such as a pesticide, fungicide, synergist, herbicide or plant growth regulator where appropriate. An additional active ingredient may, in some cases, result in unexpected synergistic activities. 
     Examples of suitable additional active ingredients include the following acycloamino acid fungicides, aliphatic nitrogen fungicides, amide fungicides, anilide fungicides, antibiotic fungicides, aromatic fungicides, arsenical fungicides, aryl phenyl ketone fungicides, benzamide fungicides, benzanilide fungicides, benzimidazole fungicides, benzothiazole fungicides, botanical fungicides, bridged diphenyl fungicides, carbamate fungicides, carbanilate fungicides, conazole fungicides, copper fungicides, dicarboximide fungicides, dinitrophenol fungicides, dithiocarbamate fungicides, dithiolane fungicides, furamide fungicides, furanilide fungicides, hydrazide fungicides, imidazole fungicides, mercury fungicides, morpholine fungicides, organophosphorous fungicides, organotin fungicides, oxathiin fungicides, oxazole fungicides, phenylsulfamide fungicides, polysulfide fungicides, pyrazole fungicides, pyridine fungicides, pyrimidine fungicides, pyrrole fungicides, quaternary ammonium fungicides, quinoline fungicides, quinone fungicides, quinoxaline fungicides, strobilurin fungicides, sulfonanilide fungicides, thiadiazole fungicides, thiazole fungicides, thiazolidine fungicides, thiocarbamate fungicides, thiophene fungicides, triazine fungicides, triazole fungicides, triazolopyrimidine fungicides, urea fungicides, valinamide fungicides, and zinc fungicides. 
     Examples of suitable additional active ingredients also include the following: petroleum oils, 1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2-ethoxyethanol, 2,4-dichlorophenyl benzenesulfonate, 2-fluoro-N-methyl-N-1-naphthylacetamide, 4-chlorophenyl phenyl sulfone, acetoprole, aldoxycarb, amidithion, amidothioate, amiton, amiton hydrogen oxalate, amitraz, aramite, arsenous oxide, azobenzene, azothoate, benomyl, benoxafos, benzyl benzoate, bixafen, brofenvalerate, bromocyclen, bromophos, bromopropylate, buprofezin, butocarboxim, butoxycarboxim, butylpyridaben, calcium polysulfide, camphechlor, carbanolate, carbophenothion, cymiazole, chinomethionat, chlorbenside, chlordimeform, chlordimeform hydrochloride, chlorfenethol, chlorfenson, chlorfensulfide, chlorobenzilate, chloromebuform, chloromethiuron, chloropropylate, chlorthiophos, cinerin I, cinerin II, cinerins, closantel, coumaphos, crotamiton, crotoxyphos, cufraneb, cyanthoate, DCPM, DDT, demephion, demephion-O, demephion-S, demeton-methyl, demeton-O, demeton-O-methyl, demeton-S, demeton-S-methyl, demeton-S-methylsulfon, dichlofluanid, dichlorvos, dicliphos, dienochlor, dimefox, dinex, dinex-diclexine, dinocap-4, dinocap-6, dinocton, dinopenton, dinosulfon, dinoterbon, dioxathion, diphenyl sulfone, disulfiram, DNOC, dofenapyn, doramectin, endothion, eprinomectin, ethoate-methyl, etrimfos, fenazaflor, fenbutatin oxide, fenothiocarb, fenpyrad, fenpyroximate, fenpyrazamine, fenson, fentrifanil, flubenzimine, flucycloxuron, fluenetil, fluorbenside, FMC 1137, formetanate, formetanate hydrochloride, formparanate, gamma-HCH, glyodin, halfenprox, hexadecyl cyclopropanecarboxylate, isocarbophos, jasmolin I, jasmolin II, jodfenphos, lindane, malonoben, mecarbam, mephosfolan, mesulfen, methacrifos, methyl bromide, metolcarb, mexacarbate, milbemycin oxime, mipafox, monocrotophos, morphothion, moxidectin, naled, 4-chloro-2-(2-chloro-2-methyl-propyl)-5-[(6-iodo-3-pyridyl)methoxy]pyridazin-3-one, nifluridide, nikkomycins, nitrilacarb, nitrilacarb 1:1 zinc chloride complex, omethoate, oxydeprofos, oxydisulfoton, pp′-DDT, parathion, permethrin, phenkapton, phosalone, phosfolan, phosphamidon, polychloroterpenes, polynactins, proclonol, promacyl, propoxur, prothidathion, prothoate, pyrethrin I, pyrethrin II, pyrethrins, pyridaphenthion, pyrimitate, quinalphos, quintiofos, R-1492, phosglycin, rotenone, schradan, sebufos, selamectin, sophamide, SSI-121, sulfiram, sulfluramid, sulfotep, sulfur, diflovidazin, tau-fluvalinate, TEPP, terbam, tetradifon, tetrasul, thiafenox, thiocarboxime, thiofanox, thiometon, thioquinox, thuringiensin, triamiphos, triarathene, triazophos, triazuron, trifenofos, trinactin, vamidothion, vaniliprole, bethoxazin, copper dioctanoate, copper sulfate, cybutryne, dichlone, dichlorophen, endothal, fentin, hydrated lime, nabam, quinoclamine, quinonamid, simazine, triphenyltin acetate, triphenyltin hydroxide, crufomate, piperazine, thiophanate, chloralose, fenthion, pyridin-4-amine, strychnine, 1-hydroxy-1H-pyridine-2-thione, 4-(quinoxalin-2-ylamino)benzenesulfonamide, 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate, bronopol, copper hydroxide, cresol, dipyrithione, dodicin, fenaminosulf, formaldehyde, hydrargaphen, kasugamycin, kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate, nickel bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate), nitrapyrin, octhilinone, oxolinic acid, oxytetracycline, potassium hydroxyquinoline sulfate, probenazole, streptomycin, streptomycin sesquisulfate, tecloftalam, thiomersal,  Adoxophyes orana  GV,  Agrobacterium radiobacter, Amblyseius  spp.,  Anagrapha falcifera  NPV,  Anagrus atomus, Aphelinus abdominalis, Aphidius colemani, Aphidoletes aphidimyza, Autographa californica  NPV,  Bacillus sphaericus  Neide,  Beauveria brongniartii, Chrysoperla carnea, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri, Cydia pomonella  GV,  Dacnusa sibirica, Diglyphus isaea, Encarsia formosa, Eretmocerus eremicus, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora  and  H. megidis, Hippodamia convergens, Leptomastix dactylopii, Macrolophus caliginosus, Mamestra brassicae  NPV,  Metaphycus helvolus, Metarhizium anisopliae  var.  acridum, Metarhizium anisopliae  var.  anisopliae, Neodiprion sertifer  NPV and  N. Iecontei  NPV,  Orius  spp.,  Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, Phytoseiulus persimilis, Steinernema bibionis, Steinernema carpocapsae, Steinernema feltiae, Steinernema glaseri, Steinernema riobrave, Steinernema riobravis, Steinernema scapterisci, Steinernema  spp.,  Trichogramma  spp.,  Typhlodromus occidentalis, Verticillium lecanii , apholate, bisazir, busulfan, dimatif, hemel, hempa, metepa, methiotepa, methyl apholate, morzid, penfluron, tepa, thiohempa, thiotepa, tretamine, uredepa, (E)-dec-5-en-1-yl acetate with (E)-dec-5-en-1-ol, (E)-tridec-4-en-1-yl acetate, (E)-6-methylhept-2-en-4-ol, (E,Z)-tetradeca-4,10-dien-1-yl acetate, (Z)-dodec-7-en-1-yl acetate, (Z)-hexadec-11-enal, (Z)-hexadec-11-en-1-yl acetate, (Z)-hexadec-13-en-11-yn-1-yl acetate, (Z)-icos-13-en-10-one, (Z)-tetradec-7-en-1-al, (Z)-tetradec-9-en-1-ol, (Z)-tetradec-9-en-1-yl acetate, (7E,9Z)-dodeca-7,9-dien-1-yl acetate, (9Z,11E)-tetradeca-9,11-dien-1-yl acetate, (9Z,12E)-tetradeca-9,12-dien-1-yl acetate, 14-methyloctadec-1-ene, 4-methylnonan-5-ol with 4-methylnonan-5-one, alpha-multistriatin, brevicomin, codlelure, codlemone, cuelure, disparlure, dodec-8-en-1-yl acetate, dodec-9-en-1-yl acetate, dodeca-8, 10-dien-1-yl acetate, dominicalure, ethyl 4-methyloctanoate, eugenol, frontalin, grandlure, grandlure I, grandlure II, grandlure III, grandlure IV, hexalure, ipsdienol, ipsenol, japonilure, lineatin, litlure, looplure, medlure, megatomoic acid, methyl eugenol, muscalure, octadeca-2,13-dien-1-yl acetate, octadeca-3,13-dien-1-yl acetate, orfralure, oryctalure, ostramone, siglure, sordidin, sulcatol, tetradec-11-en-1-yl acetate, trimedlure, trimedlure A, trimedlure B 1 , trimedlure B 2 , trimedlure C, trunc-call, 2-(octylthio)-ethanol, butopyronoxyl, butoxy(polypropylene glycol), dibutyl adipate, dibutyl phthalate, dibutyl succinate, diethyltoluamide, dimethyl carbate, dimethyl phthalate, ethyl hexanediol, hexamide, methoquin-butyl, methylneodecanamide, oxamate, picaridin, 1-dichloro-1-nitroethane, 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-ethylphenyl)ethane, 1,2-dichloropropane with 1,3-dichloropropene, 1-bromo-2-chloroethane, 2,2,2-trichloro-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl acetate, 2,2-dichlorovinyl 2-ethylsulfinylethyl methyl phosphate, 2-(1,3-dithiolan-2-yl)phenyl dimethylcarbamate, 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl thiocyanate, 2-(4,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenyl methylcarbamate, 2-(4-chloro-3,5-xylyloxy)ethanol, 2-chlorovinyl diethyl phosphate, 2-imidazolidone, 2-isovalerylindan-1,3-dione, 2-methyl(prop-2-ynyl)aminophenyl methylcarbamate, 2-thiocyanatoethyl laurate, 3-bromo-1-chloroprop-1-ene, 3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazol-5-yl dimethylcarbamate, 4-methyl(prop-2-ynyl)amino-3,5-xylyl methylcarbamate, 5,5-dimethyl-3-oxocyclohex-1-enyl dimethylcarbamate, acethion, acrylonitrile, aldrin, allosamidin, allyxycarb, alpha-ecdysone, aluminium phosphide, aminocarb, anabasine, athidathion, azamethiphos,  Bacillus thuringiensis  delta endotoxins, barium hexafluorosilicate, barium polysulfide, barthrin, Bayer 22/190, Bayer 22408, beta-cyfluthrin, beta-cypermethrin, bioethanomethrin, biopermethrin, bis(2-chloroethyl) ether, borax, bromfenvinfos, bromo-DDT, bufencarb, butacarb, butathiofos, butonate, calcium arsenate, calcium cyanide, carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride, cartap hydrochloride, cevadine, chlorbicyclen, chlordane, chlordecone, chloroform, chloropicrin, chlorphoxim, chlorprazophos, cis-resmethrin, cismethrin, clocythrin, copper acetoarsenite, copper arsenate, copper oleate, coumithoate, cryolite, CS 708, cyanofenphos, cyanophos, cyclethrin, cythioate, d-tetramethrin, DAEP, dazomet, decarbofuran, diamidafos, dicapthon, dichlofenthion, dicresyl, dicyclanil, dieldrin, diethyl 5-methylpyrazol-3-yl phosphate, dilor, dimefluthrin, dimetan, dimethrin, dimethylvinphos, dimetilan, dinoprop, dinosam, dinoseb, diofenolan, dioxabenzofos, dithicrofos, DSP, ecdysterone, EI 1642, EMPC, EPBP, etaphos, ethiofencarb, ethyl formate, ethylene dibromide, ethylene dichloride, ethylene oxide, EXD, fenchlorphos, fenethacarb, fenitrothion, fenoxacrim, fenpirithrin, fensulfothion, fenthion-ethyl, flucofuron, fosmethilan, fospirate, fosthietan, furathiocarb, furethrin, guazatine, guazatine acetates, sodium tetrathiocarbonate, halfenprox, HCH, HEOD, heptachlor, heterophos, HHDN, hydrogen cyanide, hyquincarb, IPSP, isazofos, isobenzan, isodrin, isofenphos, isolane, isoprothiolane, isoxathion, juvenile hormone 1. juvenile hormone II, juvenile hormone III, kelevan, kinoprene, lead arsenate, leptophos, lirimfos, lythidathion, m-cumenyl methylcarbamate, magnesium phosphide, mazidox, mecarphon, menazon, mercurous chloride, mesulfenfos, metam, metam-potassium, metam-sodium, methanesulfonyl fluoride, methocrotophos, methoprene, methothrin, methoxychlor, methyl isothiocyanate, methylchloroform, methylene chloride, metoxadiazone, mirex, naftalofos, naphthalene, NC-170, nicotine, nicotine sulfate, nithiazine, nornicotine, O-5-dichloro-4-iodophenyl O-ethyl ethylphosphonothioate, O,O-diethyl O-4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl phosphorothioate, O,O-diethyl O-6-methyl-2-propylpyrimidin-4-yl phosphorothioate, O,O,O′,O′-tetrapropyl dithiopyrophosphate, oleic acid, para-dichlorobenzene, parathion-methyl, pentachlorophenol, pentachlorophenyl laurate, PH 60-38, phenkapton, phosnichlor, phosphine, phoxim-methyl, pirimetaphos, polychlorodicyclopentadiene isomers, potassium arsenite, potassium thiocyanate, precocene I, precocene II, precocene III, primidophos, profluthrin, promecarb, prothiofos, pyrazophos, pyresmethrin, quassia, quinalphos-methyl, quinothion, rafoxanide, resmethrin, rotenone, kadethrin, ryania, ryanodine, sabadilla), schradan, sebufos, SI-0009, thiapronil, sodium arsenite, sodium cyanide, sodium fluoride, sodium hexafluorosilicate, sodium pentachlorophenoxide, sodium selenate, sodium thiocyanate, sulcofuron, sulcofuron-sodium, sulfuryl fluoride, sulprofos, tar oils, tazimcarb, TDE, tebupirimfos, temephos, terallethrin, tetrachloroethane, thicrofos, thiocyclam, thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate, thionazin, thiosultap, thiosultap-sodium, tralomethrin, transpermethrin, triazamate, trichlormetaphos-3, trichloronat, trimethacarb, tolprocarb, triclopyricarb, triprene, veratridine, veratrine, XMC, zetamethrin, zinc phosphide, zolaprofos, and meperfluthrin, tetramethylfluthrin, bis(tributyltin) oxide, bromoacetamide, ferric phosphate, niclosamide-olamine, tributyltin oxide, pyrimorph, trifenmorph, 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane, 1,3-dichloropropene, 3,4-dichlorotetrahydrothio-phene 1,1-dioxide, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methylrhodanine, 5-methyl-6-thioxo-1,3,5-thiadiazinan-3-ylacetic acid, 6-isopentenylaminopurine, 2-fluoro-N-(3-methoxyphenyl)-9H-purin-6-amine, benclothiaz, cytokinins, DCIP, furfural, isamidofos, kinetin,  Myrothecium verrucaria  composition, tetrachlorothiophene, xylenols, zeatin, potassium ethylxanthate, acibenzolar, acibenzolar-S-methyl,  Reynoutria sachalinensis  extract, alpha-chlorohydrin, antu, barium carbonate, bisthiosemi, brodifacoum, bromadiolone, bromethalin, chlorophacinone, cholecalciferol, coumachlor, coumafuryl, coumatetralyl, crimidine, difenacoum, difethialone, diphacinone, ergocalciferol, flocoumafen, fluoroacetamide, flupropadine, flupropadine hydrochloride, norbormide, phosacetim, phosphorus, pindone, pyrinuron, scilliroside, sodium fluoroacetate, thallium sulfate, warfarin, 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl piperonylate, 5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-hexylcyclohex-2-enone, farnesol with nerolidol, verbutin, MGK 264, piperonyl butoxide, piprotal, propyl isomer, S421, sesamex, sesasmolin, sulfoxide, anthraquinone, copper naphthenate, copper oxychloride, dicyclopentadiene, thiram, zinc naphthenate, ziram, imanin, ribavirin, mercuric oxide, thiophanate-methyl, azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, epoxiconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, furametpyr, hexaconazole, imazalil, imibenconazole, ipconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, paclobutrazole, pefurazoate, penconazole, prothioconazole, pyrifenox, prochloraz, propiconazole, pyrisoxazole, simeconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, triflumizole, triticonazole, ancymidol, fenarimol, nuarimol, bupirimate, dimethirimol, ethirimol, dodemorph, fenpropidin, fenpropimorph, spiroxamine, tridemorph, cyprodinil, mepanipyrim, pyrimethanil, fenpiclonil, fludioxonil, benalaxyl, furalaxyl, metalaxyl, R-metalaxyl, ofurace, oxadixyl, carbendazim, debacarb, fuberidazole, thiabendazole, chlozolinate, dichlozoline, myclozoline, procymidone, vinclozoline, boscalid, carboxin, fenfuram, flutolanil, mepronil, oxycarboxin, penthiopyrad, thifluzamide, dodine, iminoctadine, azoxystrobin, dimoxystrobin, enestroburin, fenaminstrobin, flufenoxystrobin, fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-methyl, metominostrobin, trifloxystrobin, orysastrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin, pyraoxystrobin, ferbam, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, propineb, zineb, captafol, captan, fluoroimide, folpet, tolylfluanid, bordeaux mixture, copper oxide, mancopper, oxine-copper, nitrothal-isopropyl, edifenphos, iprobenphos, phosdiphen, tolclofos-methyl, anilazine, benthiavalicarb, blasticidin-S, chloroneb, chlorothalonil, cyflufenamid, cymoxanil, cyclobutrifluram, diclocymet, diclomezine, dicloran, diethofencarb, dimethomorph, flumorph, dithianon, ethaboxam, etridiazole, famoxadone, fenamidone, fenoxanil, ferimzone, fluazinam, fluopicolide, flusulfamide, fluxapyroxad, fenhexamid, fosetyl-aluminium, hymexazol, iprovalicarb, cyazofamid, methasulfocarb, metrafenone, pencycuron, phthalide, polyoxins, propamocarb, pyribencarb, proquinazid, pyroquilon, pyriofenone, quinoxyfen, quintozene, tiadinil, triazoxide, tricyclazole, triforine, validamycin, valifenalate, zoxamide, mandipropamid, flubeneteram, isopyrazam, sedaxane, benzovindiflupyr, pydiflumetofen, 3-difluoromethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (3′,4′,5′-trifluoro-biphenyl-2-yl)-amide, isoflucypram, isotianil, dipymetitrone, 6-ethyl-5,7-dioxo-pyrrolo[4,5][1,4]dithiino[1,2-c]isothiazole-3-carbonitrile, 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-[3-ethyl-1,1-dimethyl-indan-4-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide, 4-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-6-methyl-5-phenyl-pyridazine-3-carbonitrile, (R)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-[1,1,3-trimethylindan-4-yl]pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 4-(2-bromo-4-fluoro-phenyl)-N-(2-chloro-6-fluoro-phenyl)-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-amine, 4-(2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-1, 3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, fluindapyr, coumethoxystrobin (jiaxiangjunzhi), Ivbenmixianan, dichlobentiazox, mandestrobin, 3-(4,4-difluoro-3,4-dihydro-3,3-dimethylisoquinolin-1-yl)quinolone, 2-[2-fluoro-6-[(8-fluoro-2-methyl-3-quinolyl)oxy]phenyl]propan-2-ol, oxathiapiprolin, tert-butyl N-[6-[[[(1-methyltetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl-methylene]amino]oxymethyl]-2-pyridyl]carbamate, pyraziflumid, inpyrfluxam, trolprocarb, mefentrifluconazole, ipfentrifluconazole, 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-[(3R)-3-ethyl-1,1-dimethyl-indan-4-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide, N′-(2,5-dimethyl-4-phenoxy-phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine, N′-[4-(4,5-dichlorothiazol-2-yl)oxy-2,5-dimethyl-phenyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine, [2-[3-[2-[1-[2-[3,5-bis(difluoromethyl)pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl]-4-piperidyl]thiazol-4-yl]-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-5-yl]-3-chloro-phenyl] methanesulfonate, but-3-ynyl N-[6-[[(Z)-[(1-methyltetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl-methylene]amino]oxymethyl]-2-pyridyl]carbamate, methyl N-[[5-[4-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)triazol-2-yl]-2-methyl-phenyl]methyl]carbamate, 3-chloro-6-methyl-5-phenyl-4-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)pyridazine, pyridachlometyl, 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-[1,1,3-trimethylindan-4-yl]pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 1-[2-[[1-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrazol-3-yl]oxymethyl]-3-methyl-phenyl]-4-methyl-tetrazol-5-one, 1-methyl-4-[3-methyl-2-[[2-methyl-4-(3,4,5-trimethylpyrazol-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl]phenyl]tetrazol-5-one, aminopyrifen, ametoctradin, amisulbrom, penflufen, (Z,2E)-5-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrazol-3-yl]oxy-2-methoxyimino-N,3-dimethyl-pent-3-enamide, florylpicoxamid, fenpicoxamid, tebufloquin, ipflufenoquin, quinofumelin, isofetamid, N-[2-[2,4-dichloro-phenoxy]phenyl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-[2-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]phenyl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, benzothiostrobin, phenamacril, 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol zinc salt (2:1), fluopyram, flutianil, fluopimomide, pyrapropoyne, picarbutrazox, 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-(3-ethyl-1,1-dimethyl-indan-4-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide, 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-((3R)-1, 1, 3-trimethylindan-4-yl) pyridine-3-carboxamide, 4-[[6-[2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,1-difluoro-2-hydroxy-3-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propyl]-3-pyridyl]oxy]benzonitrile, metyltetraprole, 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-((3R)-1, 1, 3-trimethylindan-4-yl) pyridine-3-carboxamide, α-(1, 1-dimethylethyl)-α-[4′-(trifluoromethoxy) [1, 1′-biphenyl]-4-yl]-5-pyrimidinemethanol, fluoxapiprolin, enoxastrobin, 4-[[6-[2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,1-difluoro-2-hydroxy-3-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propyl]-3-pyridyl]oxy] benzonitrile, 4-[[6-[2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,1-difluoro-2-hydroxy-3-(5-sulfanyl-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propyl]-3-pyridyl]oxy] benzonitrile, 4-[[6-[2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,1-difluoro-2-hydroxy-3-(5-thioxo-4H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propyl]-3-pyridyl]oxy]benzonitrile, trinexapac, coumoxystrobin, zhongshengmycin, thiodiazole copper, zinc thiazole, amectotractin, iprodione, N-octyl-N′-[2-(octylamino)ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine, N′-[5-bromo-2-methyl-6-[(1S)-1-methyl-2-propoxy-ethoxy]-3-pyridyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine, N′-[5-bromo-2-methyl-6-[(1R)-1-methyl-2-propoxy-ethoxy]-3-pyridyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine, N′-[5-bromo-2-methyl-6-(1-methyl-2-propoxy-ethoxy)-3-pyridyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine, N′-[5-chloro-2-methyl-6-(1-methyl-2-propoxy-ethoxy)-3-pyridyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine, N′-[5-bromo-2-methyl-6-(1-methyl-2-propoxy-ethoxy)-3-pyridyl]-N-isopropyl-N-methyl-formamidine (these compounds may be prepared from the methods described in WO2015/155075); N′-[5-bromo-2-methyl-6-(2-propoxypropoxy)-3-pyridyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine (this compound may be prepared from the methods described in IPCOM000249876D); N-isopropyl-N′-[5-methoxy-2-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxy-1-phenyl-ethyl)phenyl]-N-methyl-formamidine, N′-[4-(1-cyclopropyl-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxy-ethyl)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-phenyl]-N-isopropyl-N-methyl-formamidine (these compounds may be prepared from the methods described in WO2018/228896); N-ethyl-N′-[5-methoxy-2-methyl-4-[(2-trifluoromethyl)oxetan-2-yl]phenyl]-N-methyl-formamidine, N-ethyl-N′-[5-methoxy-2-methyl-4-[(2-trifuoromethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]phenyl]-N-methyl-formamidine (these compounds may be prepared from the methods described in WO2019/110427); N-[(1R)-1-benzyl-3-chloro-1-methyl-but-3-enyl]-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide, N-[(1S)-1-benzyl-3-chloro-1-methyl-but-3-enyl]-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide, N-[(1R)-1-benzyl-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-methyl-propyl]-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide, N-[(1S)-1-benzyl-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-methyl-propyl]-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide, N-[(1R)-1-benzyl-1,3-dimethyl-butyl]-7,8-difluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide, N-[(1S)-1-benzyl-1,3-dimethyl-butyl]-7,8-difluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide, 8-fluoro-N-[(1R)-1-[(3-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1,3-dimethyl-butyl]quinoline-3-carboxamide, 8-fluoro-N-[(1S)-1-[(3-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1,3-dimethyl-butyl]quinoline-3-carboxamide, N-[(1R)-1-benzyl-1,3-dimethyl-butyl]-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide, N-[(1S)-1-benzyl-1,3-dimethyl-butyl]-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide, N-((1R)-1-benzyl-3-chloro-1-methyl-but-3-enyl)-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide, N-((1S)-1-benzyl-3-chloro-1-methyl-but-3-enyl)-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide (these compounds may be prepared from the methods described in WO2017/153380); 1-(6,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-4,4,5-trifluoro-3,3-dimethyl-isoquinoline, 1-(6,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-4,4,6-trifluoro-3,3-dimethyl-isoquinoline, 4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-1-(6-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)isoquinoline, 4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-1-(7-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)isoquinoline, 1-(6-chloro-7-methyl-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-isoquinoline (these compounds may be prepared from the methods described in WO2017/025510); 1-(4,5-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4,4,5-trifluoro-3,3-dimethyl-isoquinoline, 1-(4,5-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-isoquinoline, 6-chloro-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-1-(4-methylbenzimidazol-1-yl)isoquinoline, 4,4-difluoro-1-(5-fluoro-4-methyl-benzimidazol-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-isoquinoline, 3-(4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-1-isoquinolyl)-7,8-dihydro-6H-cyclopenta[e]benzimidazole (these compounds may be prepared from the methods described in WO2016/156085); N-methoxy-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide, N,2-dimethoxy-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]propanamide, N-ethyl-2-methyl-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]propanamide, 1-methoxy-3-methyl-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]urea, 1,3-dimethoxy-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]urea, 3-ethyl-1-methoxy-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]urea, N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]propanamide, 4,4-dimethyl-2-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]isoxazolidin-3-one, 5,5-dimethyl-2-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]isoxazolidin-3-one, ethyl 1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]pyrazole-4-carboxylate, N,N-dimethyl-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine (these compounds may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2017/055473, WO 2017/055469, WO 2017/093348 and WO 2017/118689); 2-[6-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridyl]-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol (this compound may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2017/029179); 2-[6-(4-bromophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridyl]-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol (this compound may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2017/029179); 3-[2-(1-chlorocyclopropyl)-3-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxy-propyl]imidazole-4-carbonitrile (this compound may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2016/156290); 3-[2-(1-chlorocyclopropyl)-3-(3-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-propyl]imidazole-4-carbonitrile (this compound may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2016/156290); (4-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 2-amino-6-methyl-pyridine-3-carboxylate (this compound may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2014/006945); 2,6-Dimethyl-1H,5H-[1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone (this compound may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2011/138281)N-methyl-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzenecarbothioamide; N-methyl-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide; (Z,2E)-5-[1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)pyrazol-3-yl]oxy-2-methoxyimino-N,3-dimethyl-pent-3-enamide (this compound may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2018/153707); N′-(2-chloro-5-methyl-4-phenoxy-phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine; N′-[2-chloro-4-(2-fluorophenoxy)-5-methyl-phenyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine (this compound may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2016/202742); 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-[(3S)-3-ethyl-1,1-dimethyl-indan-4-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide (this compound may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2014/095675); (5-methyl-2-pyridyl)-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methanone, (3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methanone (these compounds may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2017/220485); 2-oxo-N-propyl-2-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]acetamide (this compound may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2018/065414); ethyl 1-[[5-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]-2-thienyl]methyl]pyrazole-4-carboxylate (this compound may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2018/158365); 2,2-difluoro-N-methyl-2-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]acetamide, N-[(E)-methoxyiminomethyl]-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide, N-[(Z)-methoxyiminomethyl]-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide, N—[N-methoxy-C-methyl-carbonimidoyl]-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide (these compounds may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2018/202428). 
     The compounds of the invention may also be used in combination with anthelmintic agents. Such anthelmintic agents include, compounds selected from the macrocyclic lactone class of compounds such as ivermectin, avermectin, abamectin, emamectin, eprinomectin, doramectin, selamectin, moxidectin, nemadectin and milbemycin derivatives as described in EP-357460, EP-444964 and EP-594291. Additional anthelmintic agents include semisynthetic and biosynthetic avermectin/milbemycin derivatives such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,015,630, WO-9415944 and WO-9522552. Additional anthelmintic agents include the benzimidazoles such as albendazole, cambendazole, fenbendazole, flubendazole, mebendazole, oxfendazole, oxibendazole, parbendazole, and other members of the class. Additional anthelmintic agents include imidazothiazoles and tetrahydropyrimidines such as tetramisole, levamisole, pyrantel pamoate, oxantel or morantel. Additional anthelmintic agents include flukicides, such as triclabendazole and clorsulon and the cestocides, such as praziquantel and epsiprantel. 
     The compounds of the invention may be used in combination with derivatives and analogues of the paraherquamide/marcfortine class of anthelmintic agents, as well as the antiparasitic oxazolines such as those disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,478,855, 4,639,771 and DE-19520936. 
     The compounds of the invention may be used in combination with derivatives and analogues of the general class of dioxomorpholine antiparasitic agents as described in WO-9615121 and also with anthelmintic active cyclic depsipeptides such as those described in WO-9611945, WO-9319053, WO-9325543, EP-626375, EP-382173, WO-9419334, EP-382173, and EP-503538. 
     The compounds of the invention may be used in combination with other ectoparasiticides; for example, fipronil; pyrethroids; organophosphates; insect growth regulators such as lufenuron; ecdysone agonists such as tebufenozide and the like; neonicotinoids such as imidacloprid and the like. 
     The compounds of the invention may be used in combination with terpene alkaloids, for example those described in WO 95/19363 or WO 04/72086, particularly the compounds disclosed therein. 
     Other examples of such biologically active compounds that the compounds of the invention may be used in combination with include but are not restricted to the following: Organophosphates: acephate, azamethiphos, azinphos-ethyl, azinphos-methyl, bromophos, bromophos-ethyl, cadusafos, chlorethoxyphos, chlorpyrifos, chlorfenvinphos, chlormephos, demeton, demeton-S-methyl, demeton-S-methyl sulphone, dialifos, diazinon, dichlorvos, dicrotophos, dimethoate, disulfoton, ethion, ethoprophos, etrimfos, famphur, fenamiphos, fenitrothion, fensulfothion, fenthion, flupyrazofos, fonofos, formothion, fosthiazate, heptenophos, isazophos, isothioate, isoxathion, malathion, methacriphos, methamidophos, methidathion, methyl-parathion, mevinphos, monocrotophos, naled, omethoate, oxydemeton-methyl, paraoxon, parathion, parathion-methyl, phenthoate, phosalone, phosfolan, phosphocarb, phosmet, phosphamidon, phorate, phoxim, pirimiphos, pirimiphos-methyl, profenofos, propaphos, proetamphos, prothiofos, pyraclofos, pyridapenthion, quinalphos, sulprophos, temephos, terbufos, tebupirimfos, tetrachlorvinphos, thimeton, triazophos, trichlorfon, vamidothion. 
     Carbamates: alanycarb, aldicarb, 2-sec-butylphenyl methylcarbamate, benfuracarb, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, cloethocarb, ethiofencarb, fenoxycarb, fenthiocarb, furathiocarb, HCN-801, isoprocarb, indoxacarb, methiocarb, methomyl, 5-methyl-m-cumenylbutyryl(methyl)carbamate, oxamyl, pirimicarb, propoxur, thiodicarb, thiofanox, triazamate, UC-51717. 
     Pyrethroids: acrinathin, allethrin, alphametrin, 5-benzyl-3-furylmethyl (E)-(1R)-cis-2,2-dimethyl-3-(2-oxothiolan-3-ylidenemethyl)cyclopropanecarboxylate, bifenthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyfluthrin, a-cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, bioallethrin, bioallethrin((S)-cyclopentylisomer), bioresmethrin, bifenthrin, NCI-85193, cycloprothrin, cyhalothrin, cythithrin, cyphenothrin, deltamethrin, empenthrin, esfenvalerate, ethofenprox, fenfluthrin, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, flucythrinate, flumethrin, fluvalinate (D isomer), imiprothrin, cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, permethrin, phenothrin, prallethrin, pyrethrins (natural products), resmethrin, tetramethrin, transfluthrin, theta-cypermethrin, silafluofen, t-fluvalinate, tefluthrin, tralomethrin, Zeta-cypermethrin. 
     Arthropod growth regulators: a) chitin synthesis inhibitors: benzoylureas: chlorfluazuron, diflubenzuron, fluazuron, flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, novaluron, teflubenzuron, triflumuron, buprofezin, diofenolan, hexythiazox, etoxazole, chlorfentazine; b) ecdysone antagonists: halofenozide, methoxyfenozide, tebufenozide; c) juvenoids: pyriproxyfen, methoprene (including S-methoprene), fenoxycarb; d) lipid biosynthesis inhibitors: spirodiclofen. 
     Other antiparasitics: acequinocyl, amitraz, AKD-1022, ANS-118, azadirachtin,  Bacillus thuringiensis , bensultap, bifenazate, binapacryl, bromopropylate, BTG-504, BTG-505, camphechlor, cartap, chlorobenzilate, chlordimeform, chlorfenapyr, chromafenozide, clothianidine, cyromazine, diacloden, diafenthiuron, DBI-3204, dinactin, dihydroxymethyldihydroxypyrrolidine, dinobuton, dinocap, endosulfan, ethiprole, ethofenprox, fenazaquin, flumite, MTI-800, fenpyroximate, fluacrypyrim, flubenzimine, flubrocythrinate, flufenzine, flufenprox, fluproxyfen, halofenprox, hydramethylnon, IKI-220, kanemite, NC-196, neem guard, nidinorterfuran, nitenpyram, SD-35651, WL-108477, pirydaryl, propargite, protrifenbute, pymethrozine, pyridaben, pyrimidifen, NC-1111, R-195,RH-0345, RH-2485, RYI-210, S-1283, S-1833, SI-8601, silafluofen, silomadine, spinosad, tebufenpyrad, tetradifon, tetranactin, thiacloprid, thiocyclam, thiamethoxam, tolfenpyrad, triazamate, triethoxyspinosyn, trinactin, verbutin, vertalec, YI-5301. 
     Biological agents:  Bacillus thuringiensis  ssp  aizawai , kurstaki,  Bacillus thuringiensis  delta endotoxin, baculovirus, entomopathogenic bacteria, virus and fungi. 
     Bactericides: chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, streptomycin. 
     Other biological agents: enrofloxacin, febantel, penethamate, moloxicam, cefalexin, kanamycin, pimobendan, clenbuterol, omeprazole, tiamulin, benazepril, pyriprole, cefquinome, florfenicol, buserelin, cefovecin, tulathromycin, ceftiour, carprofen, metaflumizone, praziquarantel, triclabendazole. 
     Another aspect of invention is related to the use of a compound of formula (I) or of a preferred individual compound as above-defined, of a composition comprising at least one compound of formula (I) or at least one preferred individual compound as above-defined, or of a fungicidal or insecticidal mixture comprising at least one compound of formula (I) or at least one preferred individual compound as above-defined, in admixture with other fungicides or insecticides as described above, for controlling or preventing infestation of plants, e.g. useful plants such as crop plants, propagation material thereof, e.g. seeds, harvested crops, e.g., harvested food crops, or non-living materials by insects or by phytopathogenic microorganisms, preferably fungal organisms. 
     A further aspect of invention is related to a method of controlling or preventing an infestation of plants, e.g., useful plants such as crop plants, propagation material thereof, e.g. seeds, harvested crops, e.g. harvested food crops, or of non-living materials by insects or by phytopathogenic or spoilage microorganisms or organisms potentially harmful to man, especially fungal organisms, which comprises the application of a compound of formula (I) or of a preferred individual compound as above-defined as active ingredient to the plants, to parts of the plants or to the locus thereof, to the propagation material thereof, or to any part of the non-living materials. 
     Controlling or preventing means reducing infestation by insects or by phytopathogenic or spoilage microorganisms or organisms potentially harmful to man, especially fungal organisms, to such a level that an improvement is demonstrated. 
     A preferred method of controlling or preventing an infestation of crop plants by phytopathogenic microorganisms, especially fungal organisms, or insects which comprises the application of a compound of formula (I), or an agrochemical composition which contains at least one of said compounds, is foliar application. The frequency of application and the rate of application will depend on the risk of infestation by the corresponding pathogen or insect. However, the compounds of formula (I) can also penetrate the plant through the roots via the soil (systemic action) by drenching the locus of the plant with a liquid formulation, or by applying the compounds in solid form to the soil, e.g., in granular form (soil application). In crops of water rice such granulates can be applied to the flooded rice field. The compounds of formula (I) may also be applied to seeds (coating) by impregnating the seeds or tubers either with a liquid formulation of the fungicide or coating them with a solid formulation. 
     A formulation, e.g. a composition containing the compound of formula (I), and, if desired, a solid or liquid adjuvant or monomers for encapsulating the compound of formula (I), may be prepared in a known manner, typically by intimately mixing and/or grinding the compound with extenders, for example solvents, solid carriers and, optionally, surface active compounds (surfactants). 
     Advantageous rates of application are normally from 5 g to 2 kg of active ingredient (a.i.) per hectare (ha), preferably from 10 g to 1 kg a.i./ha, most preferably from 20 g to 600 g a.i./ha. When used as seed drenching agent, convenient dosages are from 10 mg to 1 g of active substance per kg of seeds. 
     When the combinations of the present invention are used for treating seed, rates of 0.001 to 50 g of a compound of formula (I) per kg of seed, preferably from 0.01 to 10 g per kg of seed are generally sufficient. 
     The compositions of the invention may be employed in any conventional form, for example in the form of a twin pack, a powder for dry seed treatment (DS), an emulsion for seed treatment (ES), a flowable concentrate for seed treatment (FS), a solution for seed treatment (LS), a water dispersible powder for seed treatment (WS), a capsule suspension for seed treatment (CF), a gel for seed treatment (GF), an emulsion concentrate (EC), a suspension concentrate (SC), a suspo-emulsion (SE), a capsule suspension (CS), a water dispersible granule (WG), an emulsifiable granule (EG), an emulsion, water in oil (EO), an emulsion, oil in water (EW), a micro-emulsion (ME), an oil dispersion (OD), an oil miscible flowable (OF), an oil miscible liquid (OL), a soluble concentrate (SL), an ultra-low volume suspension (SU), an ultra-low volume liquid (UL), a technical concentrate (TK), a dispersible concentrate (DC), a wettable powder (WP) or any technically feasible formulation in combination with agriculturally acceptable adjuvants. 
     Such compositions may be produced in conventional manner, e.g., by mixing the active ingredients with appropriate formulation inerts (diluents, solvents, fillers and optionally other formulating ingredients such as surfactants, biocides, anti-freeze, stickers, thickeners and compounds that provide adjuvancy effects). Also conventional slow release formulations may be employed where long lasting efficacy is intended. Particularly formulations to be applied in spraying forms, such as water dispersible concentrates (e.g. EC, SC, DC, OD, SE, EW, EO and the like), wettable powders and granules, may contain surfactants such as wetting and dispersing agents and other compounds that provide adjuvancy effects, e.g. the condensation product of formaldehyde with naphthalene sulphonate, an alkylarylsulphonate, a lignin sulphonate, a fatty alkyl sulphate, and ethoxylated alkylphenol and an ethoxylated fatty alcohol. 
     A seed dressing formulation is applied in a manner known per se to the seeds employing the combination of the invention and a diluent in suitable seed dressing formulation form, e.g., as an aqueous suspension or in a dry powder form having good adherence to the seeds. Such seed dressing formulations are known in the art. Seed dressing formulations may contain the single active ingredients or the combination of active ingredients in encapsulated form, e.g. as slow release capsules or microcapsules. 
     In general, the formulations include from 0.01 to 90% by weight of active agent, from 0 to 20% agriculturally acceptable surfactant and 10 to 99.99% solid or liquid formulation inerts and adjuvant(s), the active agent consisting of at least the compound of formula (I) together with component (B) and (C), and optionally other active agents, particularly microbiocides or conservatives or the like. Concentrated forms of compositions generally contain in between about 2 and 80%, preferably between about 5 and 70% by weight of active agent. Application forms of formulation may for example contain from 0.01 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.01 to 5% by weight of active agent. Whereas commercial products will preferably be formulated as concentrates, the end user will normally employ diluted formulations. 
     Table 1 below illustrates examples of individual compounds of formula (I) according to the invention. 
                     TABLE 1                  Individual compounds of formula       (I) according to the invention                                         Cpd                           No.   A   Z   R 2     R 4                         001   N   N   H   phenyl           002   N   N   COCH 3     phenyl           003   N   N   CH 3     phenyl           004   N   N   H   3-fluorophenyl           005   N   N   COCH 3     3-fluorophenyl           006   N   N   CH 3     3-fluorophenyl           007   N   N   H   3,5-difluorophenyl           008   N   N   COCH 3      3,5-difluorophenyl           009   N   N   CH 3     3,5-difluorophenyl           010   N   N   H   3-chlorophenyl           011   N   N   COCH 3     3-chlorophenyl           012   N   N   CH 3     3-chlorophenyl           013   N   N   H   3,5-dichlorophenyl           014   N   N   COCH 3      3,5-dichlorophenyl           015   N   N   CH 3     3,5-dichlorophenyl           016   N   N   H   3-methylphenyl           017   N   N   COCH 3     3-methylphenyl           018   N   N   CH 3     3-methylphenyl           019   N   N   H   3,5-dimethylphenyl           020   N   N   COCH 3      3,5-dimethylphenyl           021   N   N   CH 3      3,5-dimethylphenyl           022   N   N   H   3-methoxyphenyl           023   N   N   COCH 3      3-methoxyphenyl           024   N   N   CH 3     3-methoxyphenyl           025   N   N   H    3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           026   N   N   COCH 3     3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           027   N   N   CH 3      3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           028   N   N   H   pyridin-4-yl           029   N   N   COCH 3     pyridin-4-yl           030   N   N   CH 3     pyridin-4-yl           031   N   N   H   2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           032   N   N   COCH 3     2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           033   N   N   CH 3     2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           034   N   N   H   2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           035   N   N   COCH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           036   N   N   CH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           037   N   N   H   2-chloropyridin-4-yl           038   N   N   COCH 3     2-chloropyridin-4-yl           039   N   N   CH 3     2-chloropyridin-4-yl           040   N   N   H   2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           041   N   N   COCH 3     2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           042   N   N   CH 3     2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           043   N   N   H   Pyridin-3-yl           044   N   N   COCH 3     Pyridin-3-yl           045   N   N   CH 3     Pyridin-3-yl           046   N   N   H   6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           047   N   N   COCH 3     6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           048   N   N   CH 3     6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           049   N   N   H   5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           050   N   N   COCH 3     5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           051   N   N   CH 3     5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           052   N   N   H   6-chloropyridin-3-yl           053   N   N   COCH 3     6-chloropyridin-3-yl           054   N   N   CH 3     6-chloropyridin-3-yl           055   N   N   H   5-chloropyridin-3-yl           056   N   N   COCH 3     5-chloropyridin-3-yl           057   N   N   CH 3     5-chloropyridin-3-yl           058   N   N   H   isothiazole-4-yl           059   N   N   COCH 3     isothiazole-4-yl           060   N   N   CH 3     isothiazole-4-yl           061   N   CH   H   phenyl           062   N   CH   COCH 3     phenyl           063   N   CH   CH 3     phenyl           064   N   CH   H   3-fluorophenyl           065   N   CH   COCH 3     3-fluorophenyl           066   N   CH   CH 3     3-fluorophenyl           067   N   CH   H   3,5-difluorophenyl           068   N   CH   COCH 3      3,5-difluorophenyl           069   N   CH   CH 3     3,5-difluorophenyl           070   N   CH   H   3-chlorophenyl           071   N   CH   COCH 3     3-chlorophenyl           072   N   CH   CH 3     3-chlorophenyl           073   N   CH   H   3,5-dichlorophenyl           074   N   CH   COCH 3      3,5-dichlorophenyl           075   N   CH   CH 3     3,5-dichlorophenyl           076   N   CH   H   3-methylphenyl           077   N   CH   COCH 3     3-methylphenyl           078   N   CH   CH 3     3-methylphenyl           079   N   CH   H   3,5-dimethylphenyl           080   N   CH   COCH 3     3,5-dimethylphenyl           081   N   CH   CH 3     3,5-dimethylphenyl           082   N   CH   H   3-methoxyphenyl           083   N   CH   COCH 3     3-methoxyphenyl           084   N   CH   CH 3     3-methoxyphenyl           085   N   CH   H    3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           086   N   CH   COCH 3     3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           087   N   CH   CH 3      3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           088   N   CH   H   pyridin-4-yl           089   N   CH   COCH 3     pyridin-4-yl           090   N   CH   CH 3     pyridin-4-yl           091   N   CH   H   2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           092   N   CH   COCH 3     2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           093   N   CH   CH 3     2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           094   N   CH   H   2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           095   N   CH   COCH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           096   N   CH   CH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           097   N   CH   H   2-chloropyridin-4-yl           098   N   CH   COCH 3     2-chloropyridin-4-yl           099   N   CH   CH 3     2-chloropyridin-4-yl           100   N   CH   H   2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           101   N   CH   COCH 3     2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           102   N   CH   CH 3     2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           103   N   CH   H   pyridin-3-yl           104   N   CH   COCH 3     pyridin-3-yl           105   N   CH   CH 3     pyridin-3-yl           106   N   CH   H   6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           107   N   CH   COCH 3     6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           108   N   CH   CH 3     6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           109   N   CH   H   5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           110   N   CH   COCH 3     5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           111   N   CH   CH 3     5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           112   N   CH   H   6-chloropyridin-3-yl           113   N   CH   COCH 3     6-chloropyridin-3-yl           114   N   CH   CH 3     6-chloropyridin-3-yl           115   N   CH   H   5-chloropyridin-3-yl           116   N   CH   COCH 3     5-chloropyridin-3-yl           117   N   CH   CH 3     5-chloropyridin-3-yl           118   N   CH   H   isothiazole-4-yl           119   N   CH   COCH 3     isothiazole-4-yl           120   N   CH   CH 3     isothiazole-4-yl           121   N   CCH 3     H   phenyl           122   N   CCH 3     COCH 3     phenyl           123   N   CCH 3     CH 3     phenyl           124   N   CCH 3     H   3-fluorophenyl           125   N   CCH 3     COCH 3     3-fluorophenyl           126   N   CCH 3     CH 3     3-fluorophenyl           127   N   CCH 3     H   3,5-difluorophenyl           128   N   CCH 3     COCH 3      3,5-difluorophenyl           129   N   CCH 3     CH 3     3,5-difluorophenyl           130   N   CCH 3     H   3-chlorophenyl           131   N   CCH 3     COCH 3     3-chlorophenyl           132   N   CCH 3     CH 3     3-chlorophenyl           133   N   CCH 3     H   3,5-dichlorophenyl           134   N   CCH 3     COCH 3      3,5-dichlorophenyl           135   N   CCH 3     CH 3     3,5-dichlorophenyl           136   N   CCH 3     H   3-methylphenyl           137   N   CCH 3     COCH 3     3-methylphenyl           138   N   CCH 3     CH 3     3-methylphenyl           139   N   CCH 3     H   3,5-dimethylphenyl           140   N   CCH 3     COCH 3      3,5-dimethylphenyl           141   N   CCH 3     CH 3     3,5-dimethylphenyl           142   N   CCH 3     H   3-methoxyphenyl           143   N   CCH 3     COCH 3     3-methoxyphenyl           144   N   CCH 3     CH 3     3-methoxyphenyl           145   N   CCH 3     H    3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           146   N   CCH 3     COCH 3     3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           147   N   CCH 3     CH 3      3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           148   N   CCH 3     H   pyridin-4-yl           149   N   CCH 3     COCH 3     pyridin-4-yl           150   N   CCH 3     CH 3     pyridin-4-yl           151   N   CCH 3     H   2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           152   N   CCH 3     COCH 3     2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           153   N   CCH 3     CH 3     2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           154   N   CCH 3     H   2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           155   N   CCH 3     COCH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           156   N   CCH 3     CH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           157   N   CCH 3     H   2-chloropyridin-4-yl           158   N   CCH 3     COCH 3     2-chloropyridin-4-yl           159   N   CCH 3     CH 3     2-chloropyridin-4-yl           160   N   CCH 3     H   2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           161   N   CCH 3     COCH 3     2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           162   N   CCH 3     CH 3     2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           163   N   CCH 3     H   pyridin-3-yl           164   N   CCH 3     COCH 3     pyridin-3-yl           165   N   CCH 3     CH 3     pyridin-3-yl           166   N   CCH 3     H   6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           167   N   CCH 3     COCH 3     6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           168   N   CCH 3     CH 3     6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           169   N   CCH 3     H   5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           170   N   CCH 3     COCH 3     5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           171   N   CCH 3     CH 3     5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           172   N   CCH 3     H   6-chloropyridin-3-yl           173   N   CCH 3     COCH 3     6-chloropyridin-3-yl           174   N   CCH 3     CH 3     6-chloropyridin-3-yl           175   N   CCH 3     H   5-chloropyridin-3-yl           176   N   CCH 3     COCH 3     5-chloropyridin-3-yl           177   N   CCH 3     CH 3     5-chloropyridin-3-yl           178   N   CCH 3     H   isothiazole-4-yl            179   N   CCH 3     COCH 3     isothiazole-4-yl            180   N   CCH 3     CH 3     isothiazole-4-yl            181   CH   N   H   phenyl           182   CH   N   COCH 3     phenyl           183   CH   N   CH 3     phenyl           184   CH   N   H   3-fluorophenyl           185   CH   N   COCH 3     3-fluorophenyl           186   CH   N   CH 3     3-fluorophenyl           187   CH   N   H   3,5-difluorophenyl           188   CH   N   COCH 3      3,5-difluorophenyl           189   CH   N   CH 3     3,5-difluorophenyl           190   CH   N   H   3-chlorophenyl           191   CH   N   COCH 3     3-chlorophenyl           192   CH   N   CH 3     3-chlorophenyl           193   CH   N   H   3,5-dichlorophenyl           194   CH   N   COCH 3     3,5-dichlorophenyl           195   CH   N   CH 3     3,5-dichlorophenyl           196   CH   N   H   3-methylphenyl           197   CH   N   COCH 3     3-methylphenyl           198   CH   N   CH 3     3-methylphenyl           199   CH   N   H   3,5-dimethylphenyl           200   CH   N   COCH 3      3,5-dimethylphenyl           201   CH   N   CH 3     3,5-dimethylphenyl           202   CH   N   H   3-methoxyphenyl           203   CH   N   COCH 3     3-methoxyphenyl           204   CH   N   CH 3     3-methoxyphenyl           205   CH   N   H    3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           206   CH   N   COCH 3     3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           207   CH   N   CH 3      3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           208   CH   N   H   pyridin-4-yl           209   CH   N   COCH 3     pyridin-4-yl           210   CH   N   CH 3     pyridin-4-yl           211   CH   N   H   2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           212   CH   N   COCH 3     2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           213   CH   N   CH 3     2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           214   CH   N   H   2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           215   CH   N   COCH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           216   CH   N   CH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           217   CH   N   H   2-chloropyridin-4-yl           218   CH   N   COCH 3     2-chloropyridin-4-yl           219   CH   N   CH 3     2-chloropyridin-4-yl           220   CH   N   H   2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           221   CH   N   COCH 3     2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           222   CH   N   CH 3     2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           223   CH   N   H   pyridin-3-yl           224   CH   N   COCH 3     pyridin-3-yl           225   CH   N   CH 3     pyridin-3-yl           226   CH   N   H   6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           227   CH   N   COCH 3     6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           228   CH   N   CH 3     6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           229   CH   N   H   5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           230   CH   N   COCH 3     5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           231   CH   N   CH 3     5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           232   CH   N   H   6-chloropyridin-3-yl           233   CH   N   COCH 3     6-chloropyridin-3-yl           234   CH   N   CH 3     6-chloropyridin-3-yl           235   CH   N   H   5-chloropyridin-3-yl           236   CH   N   COCH 3     5-chloropyridin-3-yl           237   CH   N   CH 3     5-chloropyridin-3-yl           238   CH   N   H   isothiazole-4-yl            239   CH   N   COCH 3     isothiazole-4-yl            240   CH   N   CH 3     isothiazole-4-yl            241   CH   CH   H   phenyl           242   CH   CH   COCH 3     phenyl           243   CH   CH   CH 3     phenyl           244   CH   CH   H   3-fluorophenyl           245   CH   CH   COCH 3     3-fluorophenyl           246   CH   CH   CH 3     3-fluorophenyl           247   CH   CH   H   3,5-difluorophenyl           248   CH   CH   COCH 3      3,5-difluorophenyl           249   CH   CH   CH 3     3,5-difluorophenyl           250   CH   CH   H   3-chlorophenyl           251   CH   CH   COCH 3     3-chlorophenyl           252   CH   CH   CH 3     3-chlorophenyl           253   CH   CH   H    3,5-dichlorophenyl           254   CH   CH   COCH 3     3,5-dichlorophenyl           255   CH   CH   CH 3      3,5-dichlorophenyl           256   CH   CH   H   3-methylphenyl           257   CH   CH   COCH 3     3-methylphenyl           258   CH   CH   CH 3     3-methylphenyl           259   CH   CH   H    3,5-dimethylphenyl           260   CH   CH   COCH 3     3,5-dimethylphenyl           261   CH   CH   CH 3     3,5-dimethylphenyl           262   CH   CH   H   3-methoxyphenyl           263   CH   CH   COCH 3     3-methoxyphenyl           264   CH   CH   CH 3     3-methoxyphenyl           265   CH   CH   H   3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           266   CH   CH   COCH 3     3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           267   CH   CH   CH 3     3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           268   CH   CH   H   pyridin-4-yl           269   CH   CH   COCH 3     pyridin-4-yl           270   CH   CH   CH 3     pyridin-4-yl           271   CH   CH   H   2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           272   CH   CH   COCH 3     2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           273   CH   CH   CH 3     2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           274   CH   CH   H   2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           275   CH   CH   COCH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           276   CH   CH   CH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           277   CH   CH   H   2-chloropyridin-4-yl           278   CH   CH   COCH 3     2-chloropyridin-4-y1           279   CH   CH   CH 3     2-chloropyridin-4-y1           280   CH   CH   H   2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           281   CH   CH   COCH 3     2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           282   CH   CH   CH 3     2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           283   CH   CH   H   pyridin-3-yl           284   CH   CH   COCH 3     pyridin-3-yl           285   CH   CH   CH 3     pyridin-3-yl           286   CH   CH   H   6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           287   CH   CH   COCH 3     6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           288   CH   CH   CH 3     6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           289   CH   CH   H   5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           290   CH   CH   COCH 3      5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           291   CH   CH   CH 3      5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           292   CH   CH   H   6-chloropyridin-3-yl           293   CH   CH   COCH 3      6-chloropyridin-3-yl           294   CH   CH   CH 3     6-chloropyridin-3-yl           295   CH   CH   H   5-chloropyridin-3-yl           296   CH   CH   COCH 3     5-chloropyridin-3-yl           297   CH   CH   CH 3     5-chloropyridin-3-yl           298   CH   CH   H   isothiazole-4-yl           299   CH   CH   COCH 3     isothiazole-4-yl           300   CH   CH   CH 3     isothiazole-4-yl           301   CH   CCH 3     H   phenyl           302   CH   CCH 3     COCH 3     phenyl           303   CH   CCH 3     CH 3     phenyl           304   CH   CCH 3     H   3-fluorophenyl           305   CH   CCH 3     COCH 3     3-fluorophenyl           306   CH   CCH 3     CH 3     3-fluorophenyl           307   CH   CCH 3     H   3,5-difluorophenyl           308   CH   CCH 3     COCH 3     3,5-difluorophenyl           309   CH   CCH 3     CH 3     3,5-difluorophenyl           310   CH   CCH 3     H   3-chlorophenyl           311   CH   CCH 3     COCH 3     3-chlorophenyl           312   CH   CCH 3     CH 3     3-chlorophenyl           313   CH   CCH 3     H   3,5-dichlorophenyl           314   CH   CCH 3     COCH 3     3,5-dichlorophenyl           315   CH   CCH 3     CH 3     3,5-dichlorophenyl           316   CH   CCH 3     H   3-methylphenyl           317   CH   CCH 3     COCH 3     3-methylphenyl           318   CH   CCH 3     CH 3     3-methylphenyl           319   CH   CCH 3     H   3,5-dimethylphenyl           320   CH   CCH 3     COCH 3     3,5-dimethylphenyl           321   CH   CCH 3     CH 3     3,5-dimethylphenyl           322   CH   CCH 3     H   3-methoxyphenyl           323   CH   CCH 3     COCH 3     3-methoxyphenyl           324   CH   CCH 3     CH 3     3-methoxyphenyl           325   CH   CCH 3     H   3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           326   CH   CCH 3     COCH 3     3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           327   CH   CCH 3     CH 3     3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           328   CH   CCH 3     H   pyridin-4-yl           329   CH   CCH 3     COCH 3     pyridin-4-yl           330   CH   CCH 3     CH 3     pyridin-4-yl           331   CH   CCH 3     H   2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           332   CH   CCH 3     COCH 3     2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           333   CH   CCH 3     CH 3     2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           334   CH   CCH 3     H   2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           335   CH   CCH 3     COCH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           336   CH   CCH 3     CH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           337   CH   CCH 3     H   2-chloropyridin-4-yl           338   CH   CCH 3     COCH 3     2-chloropyridin-4-yl           339   CH   CCH 3     CH 3     2-chloropyridin-4-yl           340   CH   CCH 3     H   2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           341   CH   CCH 3     COCH 3     2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           342   CH   CCH 3     CH 3     2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           343   CH   CCH 3     H   pyridin-3-yl           344   CH   CCH 3     COCH 3     pyridin-3-yl           345   CH   CCH 3     CH 3     pyridin-3-yl           346   CH   CCH 3     H   6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           347   CH   CCH 3     COCH 3     6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           348   CH   CCH 3     CH 3     6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           349   CH   CCH 3     H   5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           350   CH   CCH 3     COCH 3     5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           351   CH   CCH 3     CH 3     5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           352   CH   CCH 3     H   6-chloropyridin-3-yl           353   CH   CCH 3     COCH 3     6-chloropyridin-3-yl           354   CH   CCH 3     CH 3     6-chloropyridin-3-yl           355   CH   CCH 3     H   5-chloropyridin-3-yl           356   CH   CCH 3     COCH 3     5-chloropyridin-3-yl           357   CH   CCH 3     CH 3     5-chloropyridin-3-yl           358   CH   CCH 3     H   isothiazole-4-yl           359   CH   CCH 3     COCH 3     isothiazole-4-yl           360   CH   CCH 3     CH 3     isothiazole-4-yl           361   CCH 3     N   H   phenyl           362   CCH 3     N   COCH 3     phenyl           363   CCH 3     N   CH 3     phenyl           364   CCH 3     N   H   3-fluorophenyl           365   CCH 3     N   COCH 3     3-fluorophenyl           366   CCH 3     N   CH 3     3-fluorophenyl           367   CCH 3     N   H   3,5-difluorophenyl           368   CCH 3     N   COCH 3     3,5-difluorophenyl           369   CCH 3     N   CH 3     3,5-difluorophenyl           370   CCH 3     N   H   3-chlorophenyl           371   CCH 3     N   COCH 3     3-chlorophenyl           372   CCH 3     N   CH 3     3-chlorophenyl           373   CCH 3     N   H   3,5-dichlorophenyl           374   CCH 3     N   COCH 3     3,5-dichlorophenyl           375   CCH 3     N   CH 3     3,5-dichlorophenyl           376   CCH 3     N   H   3-methylphenyl           377   CCH 3     N   COCH 3     3-methylphenyl           378   CCH 3     N   CH 3     3-methylphenyl           379   CCH 3     N   H   3,5-dimethylphenyl           380   CCH 3     N   COCH 3     3,5-dimethylphenyl           381   CCH 3     N   CH 3     3,5-dimethylphenyl           382   CCH 3     N   H   3-methoxyphenyl           383   CCH 3     N   COCH 3     3-methoxyphenyl           384   CCH 3     N   CH 3     3-methoxyphenyl           385   CCH 3     N   H   3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           386   CCH 3     N   COCH 3     3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           387   CCH 3     N   CH 3     3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           388   CCH 3     N   H   pyridin-4-yl           389   CCH 3     N   COCH 3     pyridin-4-yl           390   CCH 3     N   CH 3     pyridin-4-yl           391   CCH 3     N   H   2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           392   CCH 3     N   COCH 3     2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           393   CCH 3     N   CH 3     2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           394   CCH 3     N   H   2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           395   CCH 3     N   COCH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           396   CCH 3     N   CH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           397   CCH 3     N   H   2-chloropyridin-4-yl           398   CCH 3     N   COCH 3     2-chloropyridin-4-yl           399   CCH 3     N   CH 3     2-chloropyridin-4-yl           400   CCH 3     N   H   2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           401   CCH 3     N   COCH 3     2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           402   CCH 3     N   CH 3     2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           403   CCH 3     N   H   pyridin-3-yl           404   CCH 3     N   COCH 3     pyridin-3-yl           405   CCH 3     N   CH 3     pyridin-3-yl           406   CCH 3     N   H   6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           407   CCH 3     N   COCH 3     6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           408   CCH 3     N   CH 3     6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           409   CCH 3     N   H   5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           410   CCH 3     N   COCH 3     5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           411   CCH 3     N   CH 3     5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           412   CCH 3     N   H   6-chloropyridin-3-yl           413   CCH 3     N   COCH 3     6-chloropyridin-3-yl           414   CCH 3     N   CH 3     6-chloropyridin-3-yl           415   CCH 3     N   H   5-chloropyridin-3-yl           416   CCH 3     N   COCH 3     5-chloropyridin-3-yl           417   CCH 3     N   CH 3     5-chloropyridin-3-yl           418   CCH 3     N   H   isothiazole-4-yl           419   CCH 3     N   COCH 3     isothiazole-4-yl           420   CCH 3     N   CH 3     isothiazole-4-yl           421   CCH 3     CH   H   phenyl           422   CCH 3     CH   COCH 3     phenyl           423   CCH 3     CH   CH 3     phenyl           424   CCH 3     CH   H   3-fluorophenyl           425   CCH 3     CH   COCH 3     3-fluorophenyl           426   CCH 3     CH   CH 3     3-fluorophenyl           427   CCH 3     CH   H   3,5-difluorophenyl           428   CCH 3     CH   COCH 3     3,5-difluorophenyl           429   CCH 3     CH   CH 3     3,5-difluorophenyl           430   CCH 3     CH   H   3-chlorophenyl           431   CCH 3     CH   COCH 3     3-chlorophenyl           432   CCH 3     CH   CH 3     3-chlorophenyl           433   CCH 3     CH   H   3,5-dichlorophenyl           434   CCH 3     CH   COCH 3     3,5-dichlorophenyl           435   CCH 3     CH   CH 3     3,5-dichlorophenyl           436   CCH 3     CH   H   3-methylphenyl           437   CCH 3     CH   COCH 3     3-methylphenyl           438   CCH 3     CH   CH 3     3-methylphenyl           439   CCH 3     CH   H   3,5-dimethylphenyl           440   CCH 3     CH   COCH 3     3,5-dimethylphenyl           441   CCH 3     CH   CH 3     3,5-dimethylphenyl           442   CCH 3     CH   H   3-methoxyphenyl           443   CCH 3     CH   COCH 3     3-methoxyphenyl           444   CCH 3     CH   CH 3     3-methoxyphenyl           445   CCH 3     CH   H   3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           446   CCH 3     CH   COCH 3      3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           447   CCH 3     CH   CH 3     3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           448   CCH 3     CH   H   pyridin-4-yl           449   CCH 3     CH   COCH 3     pyridin-4-yl           450   CCH 3     CH   CH 3     pyridin-4-yl           451   CCH 3     CH   H   2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           452   CCH 3     CH   COCH 3     2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           453   CCH 3     CH   CH 3     2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           454   CCH 3     CH   H   2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           455   CCH 3     CH   COCH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           456   CCH 3     CH   CH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           457   CCH 3     CH   H   2-chloropyridin-4-yl           458   CCH 3     CH   COCH 3     2-chloropyridin-4-yl           459   CCH 3     CH   CH 3     2-chloropyridin-4-yl           460   CCH 3     CH   H   2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           461   CCH 3     CH   COCH 3     2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           462   CCH 3     CH   CH 3     2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           463   CCH 3     CH   H   pyridin-3-yl           464   CCH 3     CH   COCH 3     pyridin-3-yl           465   CCH 3     CH   CH 3     pyridin-3-yl           466   CCH 3     CH   H   6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           467   CCH 3     CH   COCH 3     6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           468   CCH 3     CH   CH 3     6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           469   CCH 3     CH   H   5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           470   CCH 3     CH   COCH 3     5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           471   CCH 3     CH   CH 3     5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           472   CCH 3     CH   H   6-chloropyridin-3-yl           473   CCH 3     CH   COCH 3     6-chloropyridin-3-yl           474   CCH 3     CH   CH 3     6-chloropyridin-3-yl           475   CCH 3     CH   H   5-chloropyridin-3-yl           476   CCH 3     CH   COCH 3     5-chloropyridin-3-yl           477   CCH 3     CH   CH 3     5-chloropyridin-3-yl           478   CCH 3     CH   H   isothiazole-4-yl           479   CCH 3     CH   COCH 3     isothiazole-4-yl           480   CCH 3     CH   CH 3     isothiazole-4-yl           481   CCH 3     CCH 3     H   phenyl           482   CCH 3     CCH 3     COCH 3     phenyl           483   CCH 3     CCH 3     CH 3     phenyl           484   CCH 3     CCH 3     H   3-fluorophenyl           485   CCH 3     CCH 3     COCH 3     3-fluorophenyl           486   CCH 3     CCH 3     CH 3     3-fluorophenyl           487   CCH 3     CCH 3     H   3,5-difluorophenyl           488   CCH 3     CCH 3     COCH 3     3,5-difluorophenyl           489   CCH 3     CCH 3     CH 3     3,5-difluorophenyl           490   CCH 3     CCH 3     H   3-chlorophenyl           491   CCH 3     CCH 3     COCH 3     3-chlorophenyl           492   CCH 3     CCH 3     CH 3     3-chlorophenyl           493   CCH 3     CCH 3     H   3,5-dichlorophenyl           494   CCH 3     CCH 3     COCH 3     3,5-dichlorophenyl           495   CCH 3     CCH 3     CH 3     3,5-dichlorophenyl           496   CCH 3     CCH 3     H   3-methylphenyl           497   CCH 3     CCH 3     COCH 3     3-methylphenyl           498   CCH 3     CCH 3     CH 3     3-methylphenyl           499   CCH 3     CCH 3     H   3,5-dimethylphenyl           500   CCH 3     CCH 3     COCH 3     3,5-dimethylphenyl           501   CCH 3     CCH 3     CH 3     3,5-dimethylphenyl           502   CCH 3     CCH 3     H   3-methoxyphenyl           503   CCH 3     CCH 3     COCH 3     3-methoxyphenyl           504   CCH 3     CCH 3     CH 3     3-methoxyphenyl           505   CCH 3     CCH 3     H   3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           506   CCH 3     CCH 3     COCH 3     3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           507   CCH 3     CCH 3     CH 3     3,5-dimethoxyphenyl           508   CCH 3     CCH 3     H   pyridin-4-yl           509   CCH 3     CCH 3     COCH 3     pyridin-4-yl           510   CCH 3     CCH 3     CH 3     pyridin-4-yl           511   CCH 3     CCH 3     H   2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           512   CCH 3     CCH 3     COCH 3     2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           513   CCH 3     CCH 3     CH 3     2-fluoropyridin-4-yl           514   CCH 3     CCH 3     H   2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           515   CCH 3     CCH 3     COCH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           516   CCH 3     CCH 3     CH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl           517   CCH 3     CCH 3     H   2-chloropyridin-4-yl           518   CCH 3     CCH 3     COCH 3     2-chloropyridin-4-yl           519   CCH 3     CCH 3     CH 3     2-chloropyridin-4-yl           520   CCH 3     CCH 3     H   2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           521   CCH 3     CCH 3     COCH 3     2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           522   CCH 3     CCH 3     CH 3     2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl           523   CCH 3     CCH 3     H   pyridin-3-yl           524   CCH 3     CCH 3     COCH 3     pyridin-3-yl           525   CCH 3     CCH 3     CH 3     pyridin-3-yl           526   CCH 3     CCH 3     H   6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           527   CCH 3     CCH 3     COCH 3     6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           528   CCH 3     CCH 3     CH 3     6-fluoropyridin-3-yl           529   CCH 3     CCH 3     H   5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           530   CCH 3     CCH 3     COCH 3     5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           531   CCH 3     CCH 3     CH 3     5-fluoropyridin-3-yl           532   CCH 3     CCH 3     H   6-chloropyridin-3-yl           533   CCH 3     CCH 3     COCH 3     6-chloropyridin-3-yl           534   CCH 3     CCH 3     CH 3     6-chloropyridin-3-yl           535   CCH 3     CCH 3     H   5-chloropyridin-3-yl           536   CCH 3     CCH 3     COCH 3     5-chloropyridin-3-yl           537   CCH 3     CCH 3     CH 3     5-chloropyridin-3-yl           538   CCH 3     CCH 3     H   isothiazole-4-yl           539   CCH 3     CCH 3     COCH 3     isothiazole-4-yl           540   CCH 3     CCH 3     CH 3     isothiazole-4-yl                        
wherein
 
a) 540 compounds of formula (I.a):
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein A, Z, R 2  and R 4  are as defined in Table 1.
 
b) 540 compounds of formula (I.b):
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein A, Z, R 2  and R 4  are as defined in Table 1.
 
c) 540 compounds of formula (I.c):
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein A, Z, R 2  and R 4  are as defined in Table 1.
 
d) 540 compounds of formula (I.d):
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein A, Z, R 2  and R 4  are as defined in Table 1.
 
e) 540 compounds of formula (I.e):
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein A, Z, R 2  and R 4  are as defined in Table 1.
 
f) 540 compounds of formula (I.f):
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein A, Z, R 2  and R 4  are as defined in Table 1.
 
g) 540 compounds of formula (I.g):
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein A, Z, R 2  and R 4  are as defined in Table 1. 
                     TABLE 2                  Individual compounds of formula (I) accordinq to the invention                                     Cpd No.   A   Z   R 1     R 2     R 4                 001   N   N   CN   H   2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl       002   N   N   CN   COCH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl       003   N   N   COCH 3     H   2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl       004   N   N   COCH 3     COCH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl       005   N   N   CN   H   3,5-difluorophenyl       006   N   N   CN   COCH 3     3,5-difluorophenyl       007   N   N   COCH 3     H   3,5-difluorophenyl       008   N   N   COCH 3     COCH 3     3,5-difluorophenyl       009   N   CH   CN   H   2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl       010   N   CH   CN   COCH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl       011   N   CH   COCH 3     H   2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl       012   N   CH   COCH 3     COCH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl       013   N   CH   CN   H   3,5-difluorophenyl       014   N   CH   CN   COCH 3     3,5-difluorophenyl       015   N   CH   COCH 3     H   3,5-difluorophenyl       016   N   CH   COCH 3     COCH 3     3,5-difluorophenyl       017   CH   N   CN   H   2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl       018   CH   N   CN   COCH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl       019   CH   N   COCH 3     H   2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl       020   CH   N   COCH 3     COCH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl       021   CH   N   CN   H   3,5-difluorophenyl       022   CH   N   CN   COCH 3     3,5-difluorophenyl       023   CH   N   COCH 3     H   3,5-difluorophenyl       024   CH   N   COCH 3     COCH 3     3,5-difluorophenyl       025   CH   CH   CN   H   2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl       026   CH   CH   CN   COCH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl       027   CH   CH   COCH 3     H   2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl       028   CH   CH   COCH 3     COCH 3     2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl       029   CH   CH   CN   H   3,5-difluorophenyl       030   CH   CH   CN   COCH 3     3,5-difluorophenyl       031   CH   CH   COCH 3     H   3,5-difluorophenyl       032   CH   CH   COCH 3     COCH 3     3,5-difluorophenyl                    
wherein
 
h) 32 compounds of formula (I.h):
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein A, Z, R 1 , R 2  and R 4  are as defined in Table 2.
 
j) 32 compounds of formula (I.j):
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein A, Z, R 1 , R 2  and R 4  are as defined in Table 2.
 
k) 32 compounds of formula (I.k):
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein A, Z, R 1 , R 2  and R 4  are as defined in Table 2.
 
m) 32 compounds of formula (I.m):
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein A, Z, R 1 , R 2  and R 4  are as defined in Table 2.
 
n) 32 compounds of formula (I.n):
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein A, Z, R 1 , R 2  and R 4  are as defined in Table 2.
 
o) 32 compounds of formula (I.o):
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein A, Z, R 1 , R 2  and R 4  are as defined in Table 2.
 
p) 32 compounds of formula (I.p):
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein A, Z, R 1 , R 2  and R 4  are as defined in Table 2. 
     FORMULATION EXAMPLES 
       
                                         Wettable powders   a)   b)   c)                  active ingredient [compound of formula (I)]   25%   50%   75%       sodium lignosulfonate    5%    5%   —       sodium lauryl sulfate    3%   —    5%       sodium diisobutylnaphthalenesulfonate   —    6%   10%       phenol polyethylene glycol ether   —    2%   —       (7-8 mol of ethylene oxide)                   highly dispersed silicic acid    5%   10%   10%       Kaolin   62%   27%   —                    
The active ingredient is thoroughly mixed with the adjuvants and the mixture is thoroughly ground in a suitable mill, affording wettable powders that can be diluted with water to give suspensions of the desired concentration.
 
                                         Powders for dry seed treatment   a)   b)   c)                  active ingredient [compound of formula (I)]   25%   50%   75%       light mineral oil    5%    5%    5%       highly dispersed silicic acid    5%    5%   —       Kaolin   65%   40%   —       Talcum   —       20%                    
The active ingredient is thoroughly mixed with the adjuvants and the mixture is thoroughly ground in a suitable mill, affording powders that can be used directly for seed treatment.
 
                             Emulsifiable concentrate                                                active ingredient [compound of formula (I)]   10%           octylphenol polyethylene glycol ether    3%           (4-5 mol of ethylene oxide)               calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate    3%           castor oil polyglycol ether (35 mol of ethylene oxide)    4%           Cyclohexanone   30%           xylene mixture   50%                        
Emulsions of any required dilution, which can be used in plant protection, can be obtained from this concentrate by dilution with water.
 
                                         Dusts   a)   b)   c)                  Active ingredient [compound of formula (I)]    5%    6%    4%       talcum   95%   —   —       Kaolin   —   94%   —       mineral filler   —   —   96%                    
Ready-for-use dusts are obtained by mixing the active ingredient with the carrier and grinding the mixture in a suitable mill. Such powders can also be used for dry dressings for seed.
 
                             Extruder dranules                                                Active ingredient [compound of formula (I)]   15%           sodium lignosulfonate    2%           carboxymethylcellulose    1%           Kaolin   82%                        
The active ingredient is mixed and ground with the adjuvants, and the mixture is moistened with water. The mixture is extruded and then dried in a stream of air.
 
                             Coated granules                                                Active ingredient [compound of formula (I)]    8%           polyethylene glycol (mol. wt. 200)    3%           Kaolin   89%                        
The finely ground active ingredient is uniformly applied, in a mixer, to the kaolin moistened with polyethylene glycol. Non-dusty coated granules are obtained in this manner.
 
                             Suspension concentrate                                        active ingredient [compound of formula (I)]   40%       propylene glycol   10%       nonylphenol polyethylene glycol ether (15 mol of ethylene oxide)    6%       Sodium lignosulfonate   10%       carboxymethylcellulose    1%       silicone oil (in the form of a 75% emulsion in water)    1%       Water   32%                    
The finely ground active ingredient is intimately mixed with the adjuvants, giving a suspension concentrate from which suspensions of any desired dilution can be obtained by dilution with water. Using such dilutions, living plants as well as plant propagation material can be treated and protected against infestation by microorganisms, by spraying, pouring or immersion.
 
                             Flowable concentrate for seed treatment                                        active ingredient [compound of formula (I)]     40%       propylene glycol     5%       copolymer butanol PO/EO     2%       tristyrenephenole with 10-20 moles EO     2%       1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (in the form of a 20% solution in water)    0.5%       monoazo-pigment calcium salt     5%       Silicone oil (in the form of a 75% emulsion in water)    0.2%       Water   45.3%                    
The finely ground active ingredient is intimately mixed with the adjuvants, giving a suspension concentrate from which suspensions of any desired dilution can be obtained by dilution with water. Using such dilutions, living plants as well as plant propagation material can be treated and protected against infestation by microorganisms, by spraying, pouring or immersion.
 
     Slow Release Capsule Suspension 
     28 parts of a combination of the compound of formula (I) are mixed with 2 parts of an aromatic solvent and 7 parts of toluene diisocyanate/polymethylene-polyphenylisocyanate-mixture (8:1). This mixture is emulsified in a mixture of 1.2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.05 parts of a defoamer and 51.6 parts of water until the desired particle size is achieved. To this emulsion a mixture of 2.8 parts 1,6-diaminohexane in 5.3 parts of water is added. The mixture is agitated until the polymerization reaction is completed. 
     The obtained capsule suspension is stabilized by adding 0.25 parts of a thickener and 3 parts of a dispersing agent. The capsule suspension formulation contains 28% of the active ingredients. The medium capsule diameter is 8-15 microns. 
     The resulting formulation is applied to seeds as an aqueous suspension in an apparatus suitable for that purpose. 
    
    
     EXAMPLES 
     The Examples which follow serve to illustrate the invention. The compounds of the invention can be distinguished from known compounds by virtue of greater efficacy at low application rates, which can be verified by the person skilled in the art using the experimental procedures outlined in the Examples, using lower application rates if necessary, for example 50 ppm, 12.5 ppm, 6 ppm, 3 ppm, 1.5 ppm, 0.8 ppm or 0.2 ppm. 
     Compounds of formula (I) may possess any number of benefits including, inter alia, advantageous levels of biological activity for protecting plants against diseases that are caused by fungi or superior properties for use as agrochemical active ingredients (for example, greater biological activity, an advantageous spectrum of activity, an increased safety profile (including improved crop tolerance), improved physico-chemical properties, or increased biodegradability). 
     List of Abbreviations br. s=broad singlet, ° C.=degrees Celsius, CDCl 3 =chloroform-d, d=doublet, dd=doublet of doublets, DIPEA=N,N-diisopropylethylamine, DMF=dimethylformamide, HATU=1-[Bis(dimethylamino) methylene]-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridinium 3-oxid hexafluorophosphate, m=multiplet, MHz=mega hertz, s=singlet, THF=tetrahydrofuran 
     Example 1: This example illustrates the preparation of 5-(3,5-difluoroanilino)-N-(2,2-dimethylcyclobutyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine-7-carboxamide (Compound P-6) 
     a) Preparation of 6-chloro-4-methyl-pyridin-3-amine 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     Raney Nickel (0.50 equiv.) was added portionwise to a solution of 2-chloro-4-methyl-5-nitro-pyridine (10.0 g, 57.9 mmol, 1.0 equiv.) in THE (290 mL). The suspension was purged with hydrogen and stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was filtered over Celite and concentrated in vacuo. The desired 6-chloro-4-methyl-pyridin-3-amine (7.86 g, 55.1 mmol, 95% yield) was obtained after purification by chromatography on silica gel (eluent: mixtures cyclohexane/ethyl acetate).  1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ=2.16 (d, 3H), 3.64 (br s, 2H), 7.00 (s, 1H), 7.78 (s, 1H). 
     b) Preparation of 6-chloro-2-iodo-4-methyl-pyridin-3-amine 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     N-iodo succinimide (1.2 equiv.) was added portionwise to a stirred solution of 6-chloro-4-methyl-pyridin-3-amine (7.63 g, 53.5 mmol, 1.0 equiv.) in DMF (107 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate, washed three times with water, once with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The desired 6-chloro-2-iodo-4-methyl-pyridin-3-amine (8.01 g, 29.8 mmol, 56% yield) was obtained after purification by column chromatography on silica gel (eluent: mixtures cyclohexane/ethyl acetate).  1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ=2.21 (d, 3H), 4.07 (br s, 2H), 6.95 (s, 1H). 
     c) Preparation of 3-amino-6-chloro-4-methyl-pyridine-2-carbonitrile 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     Under argon atmosphere, tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (0.050 equiv.) was added to a degassed, stirred mixture of 6-chloro-2-iodo-4-methyl-pyridin-3-amine (8.01 g, 29.8 mmol, 1.0 equiv.) and zinc cyanide (1.0 equiv.) in DMF (119 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 4 hours. Then the reaction was cooled to room temperature, diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate. The water phase was extracted three times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The desired 3-amino-6-chloro-4-methyl-pyridine-2-carbonitrile (4.42 g, 26.4 mmol, 88% yield) was obtained after purification by column chromatography on silica gel (eluent: mixtures cyclohexane/ethyl acetate).  1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ=2.24 (d, 3H), 4.44 (br s, 2H), 7.19 (s, 1H). 
     d) Preparation of N-acetyl-N-(6-chloro-2-cyano-4-methyl-3-pyridyl)acetamide 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     A mixture of 3-amino-6-chloro-4-methyl-pyridine-2-carbonitrile (4.42 g, 26.4 mmol, 1.0 equiv.) in acetic anhydride (50 equiv.) was stirred at 130° C. for 3 days. The reaction mixture was cooled down to room temperature and concentrated in vacuo to afford crude N-acetyl-N-(6-chloro-2-cyano-4-methyl-3-pyridyl)acetamide (6.49 g, 25.8 mmol).  1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ=2.27 (d, 3H), 2.37 (s, 6H), 7.55 (d, 1H). 
     e) Preparation of N-(6-chloro-2-cyano-4-methyl-3-pyridyl)acetamide 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     Lithium hydroxide monohydrate (5.0 equiv.) was added to a stirred solution of crude N-acetyl-N-(6-chloro-2-cyano-4-methyl-3-pyridyl)acetamide (6.49 g, 25.8 mmol, 1.0 equiv.) in methanol (250 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours and then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was diluted in water and extracted three times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The desired N-(6-chloro-2-cyano-4-methyl-3-pyridyl)acetamide (2.87 g, 13.7 mmol, 53% yield) was obtained after purification by column chromatography on silica gel (eluent: mixtures cyclohexane/ethyl acetate).  1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ=2.27-2.36 (m, 6H), 7.40 (br s, 1H), 7.45 (s, 1H). 
     f) Preparation of 1-acetyl-5-chloro-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine-7-carbonitrile 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     Sodium nitrite (4.5 equiv.) was added to a mixture of N-(6-chloro-2-cyano-4-methyl-3-pyridyl)acetamide (2.87 g, 13.7 mmol, 1.0 equiv.) and acetic anhydride (65 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, then at 50° C. for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured into ice-water. The resulting precipitate was collected and dried over vacuo to afford the desired 1-acetyl-5-chloro-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine-7-carbonitrile (2.58 g, 11.7 mmol, 85% yield).  1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ=2.86 (s, 3H), 7.96 (s, 1H), 8.30 (s, 1H). 
     g) Preparation of 5-chloro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine-7-carboxylic Acid 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     A mixture of 1-acetyl-5-chloro-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine-7-carbonitrile (2.58 g, 11.7 mmol, 1.0 equiv.) and concentrated hydrochloric acid (37% in H 2 O, 50 equiv.) was stirred at 100° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated in vacuo. Direct purification of the crude by chromatography on silica gel (eluent: mixtures ethyl acetate/methanol) afforded the desired 5-chloro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine-7-carboxylic acid (1.53 g, 7.74 mmol, 66% yield).  1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ=8.18 (s, 1H), 8.34 (s, 1H), 13.83 (br s, 1H) 13.89-14.28 (m, 1H). 
     h) Preparation of 5-chloro-N-(2,2-dimethylcyclobutyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine-7-carboxamide 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     To a solution of 5-chloro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine-7-carboxylic acid (0.500 g, 2.53 mmol, 1.0 equiv.) and 2,2-dimethylcyclobutylamine hydrochloride (1.1 equiv.) in DMF (25 ml), DIPEA (2.6 equiv.) and HATU (1.1 equiv.) were added in sequence. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. Then the reaction was quenched with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate and diluted with water. The water phase was extracted three times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The desired 5-chloro-N-(2,2-dimethylcyclobutyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine-7-carboxamide (0.584 g, 2.10 mmol, 83% yield) was obtained after purification by column chromatography on silica gel (eluent: mixtures cyclohexane/ethyl acetate).  1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ=1.17 (s, 3H), 1.25 (s, 3H), 1.67 (m, 2H), 2.03 (m, 1H), 2.35 (dtd, 1H), 4.37 (q, 1H), 7.84 (d, 1H), 7.88 (br d, 1H), 8.15 (d, 1H), 11.79 (br s, 1H). 
     i) Preparation of 5-(3,5-difluoroanilino)-N-(2,2-dimethylcyclobutyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine-7-carboxamide 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     Under argon atmosphere, BrettPhos-G3-palladacycle ([(2-Di-cyclohexylphosphino-3,6-dimethoxy-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)-2-(2′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl)]palladium(II) methanesulfonate, 0.10 equiv.) and potassium tert-butoxide (2.5 equiv.) were added to a degassed, stirred mixture of 5-chloro-N-(2,2-dimethylcyclobutyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine-7-carboxamide (100 mg, 0.359 mmol, 1.0 equiv.) and 3,5-difluoro aniline (1.1 equiv.) in tetrahydrofuran (1.5 mL). The reaction was heated to 80° C. and stirred for 1 hour, then the mixture was cooled to room temperature. The volatiles were removed using a rotatory evaporator and the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate. The organic phase was washed twice with water, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. Purification by column chromatography on silica gel (eluent: mixtures cyclohexane/ethyl acetate) afforded the desired 5-(3,5-difluoroanilino)-N-(2,2-dimethylcyclobutyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine-7-carboxamide (82 mg, 62% yield).  1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ=1.18 (s, 3H), 1.23 (s, 3H), 1.66 (m, 2H), 1.97 (m, 1H), 2.36 (dd, 1H), 4.37 (d, 1H), 6.45 (m, 1H), 6.55 (s, 1H), 6.86 (dd, 2H), 7.40 (d, 1H), 7.86 (br d, 1H), 8.07 (d, 1H), 11.51 (br s, 1H). 
     Example 2: This example illustrates the preparation of 5-[(2,6-difluoro-4-pyridyl)amino]-N-spiro[3.4]octan-3-yl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine-7-carboxamide (Compound P-18) 
     a) Preparation of 5,7-dichloro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     Under argon atmosphere, vinyl magnesium bromide (1 mol/L in THF, 3.5 equiv.) was added dropwise at −78° C. to a solution of 2,6-dichloro-3-nitro-pyridine (5.40 g, 28.0 mmol, 1.0 equiv.) in THE (170 mL). At the end of the addition, the reaction mixture was warmed up to −10° C. and stirred for 1 hour. Then the reaction mixture was quenched with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride and extracted three times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The desired 5,7-dichloro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine (1.71 g, 9.14 mmol, 33% yield) was obtained after purification by column chromatography on silica gel (eluent: mixtures cyclohexane/ethyl acetate).  1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ=6.61 (dd, 1H), 7.48 (dd, 1H), 7.52 (d, 1H), 8.57 (br s, 1H). 
     b) Preparation of 5-chloro-N-spiro[3.4]octan-3-yl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine-7-carboxamide 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     5,7-dichloro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine (716 mg, 3.83 mmol, 1.0 equiv.), spiro[3.4]octan-3-amine; hydrochloride (1.5 equiv.), Xantphos (4,5-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene, 0.010 equiv.) and bis(benzonitrile)palladium(II) chloride (0.010 equiv.) were charged in an autoclave, which was then purged with argon. Then dioxane (23 mL) and triethylamine (3.0 equiv.) were added under argon to the autoclave. The reaction proceeded under 20 bar of carbon monoxide gas and at 130° C. overnight. Then the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated in vacuo. Direct purification of the crude by chromatography on silica gel (eluent: mixtures cyclohexane/ethyl acetate) afforded the desired 5-chloro-N-spiro[3.4]octan-3-yl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine-7-carboxamide (600 mg, 1.97 mmol, 52% yield).  1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ=1.53-1.78 (m, 8H), 1.79-1.89 (m, 2H), 1.92-2.03 (m, 1H), 2.29-2.37 (m, 1H), 4.53 (q, 1H), 6.54 (dd, 1H), 7.52 (m, 1H), 7.68 (m, 1H), 8.03 (br d, 1H), 10.34 (br s, 1H). 
     c) Preparation of 5-[(2,6-difluoro-4-pyridyl)amino]-N-spiro[3.4]octan-3-yl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine-7-carboxamide 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     Under argon atmosphere, BrettPhos-G3-palladacycle ([(2-Di-cyclohexylphosphino-3,6-dimethoxy-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)-2-(2′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl)]palladium(II) methanesulfonate, 0.10 equiv.) and potassium tert-butoxide (2.5 equiv.) were added to a degassed, stirred mixture of 5-chloro-N-spiro[3.4]octan-3-yl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine-7-carboxamide (100 mg, 0.329 mmol, 1.0 equiv.) and 3,5-difluoro pyridine (1.1 equiv.) in THE (1.5 mL). The reaction was heated to 80° C. and stirred for 1 hour, then the mixture was cooled to room temperature. The volatiles were removed using a rotatory evaporator and the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate. The organic phase was washed twice with water, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. Purification by column chromatography on silica gel (eluent: mixtures cyclohexane/ethyl acetate) afforded the desired 5-[(2,6-difluoro-4-pyridyl)amino]-N-spiro[3.4]octan-3-yl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine-7-carboxamide (28 mg, 0.070 mmol, 21% yield).  1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ=1.57-1.84 (m, 10H), 1.85-1.97 (m, 1H), 2.35 (m, 1H), 4.56 (q, 1H), 6.55 (dd, 1H), 6.67 (s, 2H), 6.89 (s, 1H), 7.37 (s, 1H), 7.53 (t, 1H), 7.98 (br d, 1H), 10.25 (br s, 1H). 
     Throughout this description, temperatures are given in degrees Celsius (° C.) and “m.p.” means melting point. LC/MS means Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry and the description of the apparatus and the method is: (Method A: ACQUITY UPLC from Waters, Waters UPLC HSS T3, 1.8 m particle size, 30×2.1 mm column, 0.85 mL/min., 60° C., H 2 O/MeOH 95:5+0.05% HCOOH (90%)/CH 3 CN+0.05% HCOOH (10%) −1.2 min.−CH 3 CN+0.05% HCOOH (100%) −0.30 min., ACQUITY SQD Mass Spectrometer from Waters, ionization method: electrospray (ESI), Polarity: positive ions, Capillary (kV) 3.00, Cone (V) 30.00, Extractor (V) 2.00, Source Temperature (° C.) 150, Desolvation Temperature (° C.) 350, Cone Gas Flow (L/Hr) 0, Desolvation Gas Flow (L/Hr) 650). Method B: ACQUITY UPLC from Waters, Waters UPLC HSS T3, 1.8 μm particle size, 30×2.1 mm column, 0.85 mL/min., 60° C., H 2 O/MeOH 95:5+0.05% HCOOH (90%)/CH 3 CN+0.05% HCOOH (10%) −2.7 min.−CH 3 CN+0.05% HCOOH (100%) −0.30 min., ACQUITY SQD Mass Spectrometer from Waters, ionization method: electrospray (ESI), Polarity: positive ions, Capillary (kV) 3.00, Cone (V) 30.00, Extractor (V) 2.00, Source Temperature (° C.) 150, Desolvation Temperature (° C.) 350, Cone Gas Flow (L/Hr) 0, Desolvation Gas Flow (L/Hr) 650). Method C: ACQUITY Mass Spectrometer from Waters Corporations (SQD or SQDII Single quadrupole mass spectrometer) equipped with an electrospray source (Polarity: positive or negative ions, Capillary: 3.0 kV, Cone: 30V, Extractor: 3.00 V, Source Temperature: 150° C., Desolvation Temperature: 400° C., Cone Gas Flow: 60 L/hr, Desolvation Gas Flow: 700 L/hr, Mass range: 140 to 800 Da) and an ACQUITY UPLC from Waters Corporations with solvent degasser, binary pump, heated column compartment and diode-array detector. Column: Waters UPLC HSS T3, 1.8 μm, 30 x 2.1 mm, Temp: 60° C., DAD Wavelength range (nm): 210 to 400, Solvent Gradient: A=Water/Methanol 9:1+0.1% formic acid, B=Acetonitrile+0.1% formic acid, gradient: 0-100% B in 2.5 min; Flow (ml/min) 0.75.). 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 3 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Melting point and LC/MS data (R t  = Retention time) for selected compounds of Table 1 
               
               
                 and Table 2. 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Compound 
                   
                 Mp 
                   
               
               
                 No. 
                 Name 
                 Structure 
                 (° C.) 
                 LC/MS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 P-1 
                 5-(3,5-difluoroanilino)- N-(2,2- dimethylcyclobutyl)- 1H-pyrrolo[2,3- c]pyridine-7- carboxamide 
                 
                   
                     
                     
                         
                         
                     
                   
                 
                  65-89 
                 R t  = 1.23 min (A); MS: m/z =  371 (M + 1) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 P-2 
                 5-[(2,6-difluoro-4- pyridyl)amino]-N-(2,2- dimethylcyclobutyl)- 1H-pyrrolo[2,3- c]pyridine-7- carboxamide 
                 
                   
                     
                     
                         
                         
                     
                   
                 
                 115-148 
                 R t  = 1.15 min (A); MS: m/z =  372 (M + 1) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 P-3 
                 N-(2,2- dimethylcyclobutyl)-5- (thiadiazol-5- ylamino)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4- c]pyridine-7- carboxamide 
                 
                   
                     
                     
                         
                         
                     
                   
                 
                 178-195 
                 R t  = 0.86 min (A); MS: m/z =  344 (M + 1) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 P-4 
                 N-(2,2- dimethylcyclobutyl)-5- [(1-methylpyrazol-4- yl)amino]-1H- pyrazolo[3,4- c]pyridine-7- carboxamide 
                 
                   
                     
                     
                         
                         
                     
                   
                 
                 158-166 
                 R t  = 0.85 min (A); MS: m/z = 340 (M + 1) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 P-5 
                 N-(2,2- dimethylcyclobutyl)-5- (isothiazol-4-ylamino)- 1H-pyrazolo[3,4- c]pyridine-7- carboxamide 
                 
                   
                     
                     
                         
                         
                     
                   
                 
                 158-166 
                 R t  = 0.95 min (A); MS: m/z =  343 (M + 1) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 P-6 
                 5-(3,5-difluoroanilino)- N-(2,2- dimethylcyclobutyl)- 1H-pyrazolo[3,4- c]pyridine-7- carboxamide 
                 
                   
                     
                     
                         
                         
                     
                   
                 
                 167-176 
                 R t  = 1.13 min (A); MS: m/z =  372 (M + 1) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 P-7 
                 N-(2,2- dimethylcyclobutyl)-5- [(2-fluoro-4- pyridyl)amino]-1H- pyrazolo[3,4- c]pyridine-7- carboxamide 
                 
                   
                     
                     
                         
                         
                     
                   
                 
                 222-238 
                 R t  = 0.95 min (A); MS: m/z =  355 (M + 1) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 P-8 
                 5-[(2,6-difluoro-4- pyridyl)amino]-N-(2,2- dimethylcyclobutyl)- 1H-pyrazolo[3,4- c]pyridine-7- carboxamide 
                 
                   
                     
                     
                         
                         
                     
                   
                 
                 240-250 
                 R t  = 1.05 min (A); MS: m/z =  373 (M + 1) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 P-9 
                 N-pentyl-5-(thiazol-2- ylamino)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4- c]pyridine-7-  carboxamide 
                 
                   
                     
                     
                         
                         
                     
                   
                 
                   
                 R t  = 0.90 min (A); MS: m/z =  321 (M + 1) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 P-10 
                 5-[(5-fluoro-3- pyridyl)amino]-N- pentyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- c]pyridine-7- carboxamide 
                 
                   
                     
                     
                         
                         
                     
                   
                 
                 158-162 
                 R t  = 1.01 min (A); MS: m/z =  342 (M + 1) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 P-11 
                 5-[(2,6-difluoro-4- pyridyl)amino]-N- pentyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- c]pyridine-7- carboxamide 
                 
                   
                     
                     
                         
                         
                     
                   
                 
                 220-233 
                 R t  = 1.09 min (A); MS: m/z =  360 (M + 1) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 P-12 
                 N-spiro[3.4]octan-3- yl-5-(thiazol-2- ylamino)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4- c]pyridine-7- carboxamide 
                 
                   
                     
                     
                         
                         
                     
                   
                 
                   
                 R t  = 1.00 min (A); MS: m/z =  369 (M + 1) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 P-13 
                 5-[(5-fluoro-3- pyridyl)amino]-N- pentyl-1H- pyrazolo[3,4- c]pyridine-7- carboxamide 
                 
                   
                     
                     
                         
                         
                     
                   
                 
                 155-168 
                 R t  = 0.93 min (A); MS: m/z =  343 (M + 1) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 P-14 
                 5-[(2,6-difluoro-4- pyridyl)amino]-N-  pentyl-1H- pyrazolo[3,4- c]pyridine-7- carboxamide 
                 
                   
                     
                     
                         
                         
                     
                   
                 
                   
                 R t  = 1.01 min (A); MS: m/z =  361 (M + 1) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 P-15 
                 5-[(5-fluoro-3- pyridyl)amino]-N- spiro[3.4]octan-3-yl- 1H-pyrazolo[3,4- c]pyridine-7- carboxamide 
                 
                   
                     
                     
                         
                         
                     
                   
                 
                 185-195 
                 R t  = 1.03 min (A); MS: m/z =  381 (M + 1) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 P-16 
                 N-spiro[3.4]octan-3- yl-5-(thiazol-2- ylamino)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine- 7-carboxamide 
                 
                   
                     
                     
                         
                         
                     
                   
                 
                   
                 R t  = 1.05 min (A); MS: m/z =  368 (M + 1) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 P-17 
                 5-[(5-fluoro-3- pyridyl)amino]-N- spiro[3.4]octan-3-yl- 1H-pyrrolo[2,3- c]pyridine-7- carboxamide 
                 
                   
                     
                     
                         
                         
                     
                   
                 
                 180-191 
                 R t  = 1.10 min (A); MS: m/z =  380 (M + 1) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 P-18 
                 5-[(2,6-difluoro-4- pyridyl)amino]-N- spiro[3.4]octan-3-yl- 1H-pyrrolo[2,3- c]pyridine-7- carboxamide 
                 
                   
                     
                     
                         
                         
                     
                   
                 
                 170-178 
                 R t  = 1.17 min (A); MS: m/z =  398 (M + 1) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 P-19 
                 5-[(2,6-difluoro-4- pyridyl)amino]-N- spiro[3.4]octan-3-yl- 1H-pyrazolo[3,4- c]pyridine-7- carboxamide 
                 
                   
                     
                     
                         
                         
                     
                   
                 
                 168-180 
                 R t  = 1.09 min (A); MS: m/z =  399 (M + 1) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     BIOLOGICAL EXAMPLES 
     Example B1:  Glomerella lagenarium  ( Colletotrichum lagenarium )/Liquid Culture (Anthracnose) 
     Conidia of the fungus from cryogenic storage are directly mixed into nutrient broth (PDB potato dextrose broth). After placing a (DMSO) solution of test compound into a microtiter plate (96-well format), the nutrient broth containing the fungal spores is added. The test plates are incubated at 24° C. and the inhibition of growth is measured photometrically 3-4 days after application. The following compounds gave at least 80% control of  Glomerella lagenarium  at 20 ppm when compared to untreated control under the same conditions, which showed extensive disease development: P-1, P-5, P-6, P-7, P-8, P-19. 
     Example B2 : Monographella nivalis  ( Microdochium nivale )/Liquid Culture (Foot Rot Cereals) 
     Conidia of the fungus from cryogenic storage are directly mixed into nutrient broth (PDB potato dextrose broth). After placing a (DMSO) solution of test compound into a microtiter plate (96-well format), the nutrient broth containing the fungal spores is added. The test plates are incubated at 24° C. and the inhibition of growth is determined photometrically 4-5 days after application.
 
The following compounds gave at least 80% control of  Monographella nivalis  at 20 ppm when compared to untreated control under the same conditions, which showed extensive disease development: P-1, P-5, P-6, P-7, P-8, P-19.
 
     Example B3:  Magnaporthe grisea  ( Pyricularia oryzae )/Rice/Leaf Disc Preventative (Rice Blast) 
     Rice leaf segments cv. Ballila are placed on agar in a multiwell plate (24-well format) and sprayed with the formulated test compound diluted in water. The leaf segments are inoculated with a spore suspension of the fungus 2 days after application. The inoculated leaf segments are incubated at 22° C. and 80% rh under a light regime of 24 h darkness followed by 12 h light/12 h darkness in a climate cabinet and the activity of a compound is assessed as percent disease control compared to untreated when an appropriate level of disease damage appears in untreated check leaf segments (5-7 days after application). The following compounds gave at least 80% control of  Magnaporthe grisea  at 200 ppm when compared to untreated control under the same conditions, which showed extensive disease development: P-6, P-7, P-8. 
     Example B4:  Pyrenophora teres /Barley/Leaf Disc Preventative (Net Blotch) 
     Barley leaf segments cv. Hasso are placed on agar in a multiwell plate (24-well format) and sprayed with the formulated test compound diluted in water. The leaf segments are inoculated with a spore suspension of the fungus 2 days after application. The inoculated leaf segments are incubated at 20° C. and 65% rh under a light regime of 12 h light/12 h darkness in a climate cabinet and the activity of a compound is assessed as disease control compared to untreated when an appropriate level of disease damage appears in untreated check leaf segments (5-7 days after application). The following compounds gave at least 80% control of  Pyrenophora teres  at 200 ppm when compared to untreated control under the same conditions, which showed extensive disease development: P-6, P-8. 
     Example B5:  Mycosphaerella graminicola  ( Septoria tritici )/Liquid Culture ( Septoria blotch ) 
     Conidia of the fungus from cryogenic storage are directly mixed into nutrient broth (PDB potato dextrose broth). After placing a (DMSO) solution of test compound into a microtiter plate (96-well format), the nutrient broth containing the fungal spores is added. The test plates are incubated at 24° C. and the inhibition of growth is determined photometrically 4-5 days after application. The following compounds gave at least 80% control of  Mycosphaerella graminicola  at 20 ppm when compared to untreated control under the same conditions, which showed extensive disease development: P-1, P-2, P-5, P-6, P-7, P-8, P-18, P-19.