Patent Publication Number: US-7588076-B2

Title: Pumping and repairing unit

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
   This application claims priority to PCT Application No. PCT/CN2005/000071 filed Jan. 17, 2005, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   1. Field of the Invention 
   The present invention relates to oil machinery, and particularly to a pumping and repairing unit which can be used for both oil pumping and well workover. 
   2. Description of the Related Art 
   Chinese Patent No. 200310100186.X discloses a pumping and repairing unit. The pumping and repairing unit comprises a head sheave shaft, a speed reducer, a larger gear, a small gear, an electric motor, a head sheave rope, a balance weight, a balance weight frame, guiding ropes, an oil pumping polished rod, a main frame, a supporting platform and a head sheave. A rope suspension device (or a polished rod eye) has an end connected with the polished rod, and another end connected with a periphery of a drum of the head sheave through a traction rope for the rope suspension device. The balance weight is fixed to the periphery of the drum of the head sheave through the balance weight frame, a rope hanging device, and a balance weight traction rope. The motor is coupled with the speed reducer through a brake and a coupling. An output shaft of the speed reducer is coupled with the small gear which meshes with the larger gear However, in the pumping and repairing unit with such a configuration, a hoisting barrel and a hoisting rope for workover offset far away from a center of a well so that an oil pipe is bent and a traction force is insufficient in the workover. Therefore, it is difficult for the pumping and repairing unit to be used for workover. In addition, when an electrical brake is disposed only at a high-speed end of a power transmission of the pumping and repairing unit, transmission components of the power transmission are subject to huge impact during braking, resulting in reduced lifetime and deteriorated performance of the pumping and repairing unit. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   It is an object of the present invention to provide a pumping and repairing unit with improved performance, which operates smoothly and reliably, and which is durable, and more convenient in use and maintenance. 
   The present invention provides the following solution. A pumping and repairing unit according to the present invention comprises an electrical control cabinet, a main frame, a supporting platform, a motor, an electrically operated brake, a coupling, a speed reducer, an oil pumping polished rod, a rope suspension device (or a polished rod eye) for the oil pumping polished rod, an oil pumping polished rod rope, a balance weight case, a balance weight rope hanging device, a balance weight rope, a protection rope, a protection rope catching device, and a driving device. The supporting platform is disposed on the main frame. The motor is coupled with the speed reducer through the electrically operated brake and the coupling. The speed reducer is coupled with the driving device. The oil pumping polished rod rope has an end connected with the oil pumping polished rod through the rope suspension device and another end fixed to the driving device. The balance weight rope has an end connected with a balance weight rope hanging device disposed at the balance weight case, and another end fixed to the driving device. The protection rope has an end connected with the balance weight rope hanging device, and another end which is fixed to the driving device after passing through the protection rope catching device disposed at the supporting platform. The driving device and a brake wheel disposed at an end of the driving device constitute a driving and braking device. A fixed pulley block is disposed at the supporting platform. A workover rope is fixed to the driving and braking device, and has another end which is fixed to the supporting platform after winding around the fixed pulley block and a movable pulley block. A hanging connector (or an elevator) is coupled with a lower end of the movable pulley block. A braking handle is disposed at a bottom of the main frame, and the brake wheel is controlled by the braking handle through a lever. 
   Balance weight guiding ropes are arranged between the bottom of the main frame and the supporting platform. Upper and lower guiding wheels are mounted to the balance weight case so as to be staggered with respect to each other. The balance weight guiding ropes are interposed between the upper and lower guiding wheels. 
   A ladder is mounted to the main frame. 
   Filler within the balance weight case can be building waste, industrial waste, water, or a mixture of building waste, industrial waste, or water Examples of building waste include sand, carpolite, clay, bricks, or concrete blocks, and examples of industrial waste include scoria, ore, or slag. 
   According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides pumping and repairing unit, comprises: a supporting platform, a head sheave disposed on the supporting platform, a fixed pulley block disposed at the supporting platform, a movable pulley block, and a workover rope having an end fixed to a periphery of a drum of the head sheave, and another end which is fixed to the supporting platform after passing through the fixed pulley block and the movable pulley block, said workover rope being adapted to pull up an oil pipe or an oil pumping polished rod for workover. 
   According to the present invention, the fixed pulley block is mounted to the supporting platform; the workover rope is fixed to the driving and braking device; and the other end of the workover rope is fixed to the supporting platform after it has wound around the fixed pulley block and the movable pulley block. The hanging connector is connected to the lower end of the movable pulley block. An oil pipe or the oil pumping polished rod is pulled up by the hanging connector so as to perform the workover. A traction force for workover is considerably increased by the improved fixed pulley block and movable pulley block. In addition, because the fixed pulley block corresponds to a well head, the oil pipe is not bent during workover so that the pumping and repairing unit is convenient during workover, thereby achieving pumping oil with high efficiency and safe workover. Especially, the pumping and repairing unit has a very complete and reliable function of workover. During workover, the oil pumping polished rod and oil pipe stand beside the main frame and are surrounded by canvas or nylon cloth so that a relatively sealed space is formed. Therefore, waste is treated without environmental pollution so that the workover is environmentally-friendly. The entire process of the workover is simple and convenient in operation. In addition, the driving device and the brake wheel disposed at the end of the driving device constitute the driving and braking device; the braking handle is disposed at the bottom of the main frame; and the brake wheel is controlled by the braking handle through the level. Therefore, components for transmitting power are protected by the brake wheel disposed at the end of the driving device in workover so as to prolong life time of the pumping and repairing unit. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       FIG. 1  is a schematic view of a configuration of a pumping and repairing unit according to the present utility model, 
       FIG. 2  is a left view of the pumping and repairing unit shown in  FIG. 1 , 
       FIG. 3  is a schematic view of a configuration of a driving and braking device, and 
       FIG. 4  is a schematic view of a configuration of another driving and braking device. 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS 
   Referring to  FIGS. 1 and 2 , a pumping and repairing unit according to the present invention comprises an electrical control cabinet  1 , a main frame  8 , a supporting platform  16 , a motor  22 , an electrically operated brake  21 , a coupling  20 , a speed reducer  18 , an oil pumping polished rod  3 , a rope suspension device (or a polished rod eye)  9  for the oil pumping polished rod, an oil pumping polished rod rope  10 , a balance weight case  5 , a balance weight rope hanging device  6 , a balance weight rope  7 , a protection rope  15 , a protection rope catching device  19 , and a driving device. The supporting platform  16  is disposed on the main frame  8 . The motor  22  is coupled with the speed reducer  18  through the electrically operated brake  21  and the coupling  20 . The speed reducer  18  is coupled with the driving device. The oil pumping polished rod rope  10  has an end connected with the oil pumping polished rod  3  through the rope suspension device  9  and another end fixed to the driving device. The balance weight rope  7  has an end connected with a balance weight rope hanging device  6  disposed at the balance weight case  5 , and another end fixed to the driving device. The protection rope  15  has an end connected with the balance weight rope hanging device  6 , and another end which is fixed to the driving device after passing through the protection rope catching device  19  disposed at the supporting platform  16 . The driving device and a brake wheel  24  disposed at an end of the driving device constitute a driving and braking device. A fixed pulley block  27  is disposed at the supporting platform  16 . A workover rope  13  is fixed to the driving and braking device, and has another end which is fixed to the supporting platform  16  after winding around the fixed pulley block  27  and a movable pulley block  12 . A hanging connector (or an elevator)  11  is coupled with a lower end of the movable pulley block  12 . A braking handle  2  is disposed at a bottom of the main frame  8 . The brake wheel  24  is controlled by the braking handle  2  through a lever. Balance weight guiding ropes  14  are arranged between the bottom of the main frame  8  and the supporting platform  16 . Wire ropes having a diameter of 30 mm may be used for balance weight guiding ropes  14 . Upper and lower guiding wheels  4  are mounted to the balance weight case  5  so as to be staggered with respect to each other. The balance weight guiding ropes  14  are interposed between the upper and lower guiding wheels  4 . The guiding wheels  4  are made of a nylon material. Therefore, a guiding configuration composed of the guiding wheels  4  does not need lubricant, does not generate noise and can increase wind force withstanding capacity of the main frame. A ladder  30  is mounted to the main frame  8 . Alternatively, an elevator is mounted to the main frame  8 . 
   Referring to  FIG. 3 , the driving and braking device comprises a head sheave  17 , a small gear  23 , a larger gear  25 , and the brake wheel  24 . The small gear  23  meshes with the larger gear  25 . The larger gear  25 , the head sheave  17 , and the brake wheel  24  are coaxially fixed to one another, and then mounted on a head sheave shaft  28  through bearings  26 . The head sheave shaft  28  is fastened to the supporting platform  16  with head sheave shaft fasteners  29 . 
   The motor  22  drives an input shaft  31  and a small cylindrical gear  32  of the speed reducer and consequently a larger cylindrical gear  33  to rotate through the electrically operated brake  21  and the coupling  20 . The larger cylindrical gear  33  drives a small bevel gear  34  meshing with a larger bevel gear  36 . The larger bevel gear  36  drives an output shaft  35  of the speed reducer and consequently the small gear  23  meshing with the larger gear  25 . The larger gear  25  drives and rotates the head sheave  17  and the brake wheel  24 . 
   Referring to  FIG. 4 , the driving and braking device comprises a head sheave  17 , a small gear  23 , a larger gear  25 , and the brake wheel  24 . The small gear  23  meshes with the larger gear  25 . The larger gear  25 , the head sheave  17 , and the brake wheel  24  are fixed to a head sheave shaft  28 . The head sheave shaft  28  has two ends fastened to the supporting platform  16  through bearings  26 . 
   The motor  22  drives an input shaft  31  and a small cylindrical gear  32  of the speed reducer and consequently a larger cylindrical gear  33  to rotate through the electrically operated brake  21  and the coupling  20 . The larger cylindrical gear  33  drives a small bevel gear  34  meshing with a larger bevel gear  36 . The larger bevel gear  36  drives an output shaft  35  of the speed reducer and consequently the small gear  23  meshing with the larger gear  25 . The larger gear  25  drives the head sheave shaft  28  and consequently the head sheave  17  and the brake wheel  24  rotate. 
   The small gear  23  and the larger gear  25  may be replaced by a pin gear transmission or a chain transmission. 
   The motor  22  may be coupled with the speed reducer  18  through the electrically operated brake  21  and then through a belt transmission or a chain transmission. 
   Fillers within the balance weight case  5  may be a mixture of sand and carpolite. Such a balance weight decreases manufacturing cost by 80%-90% compared with a balance weight made of iron. 
   When the pumping and repairing unit is used to pump oil, the motor  22  is controlled by the electrical control cabinet  1  to regularly rotate forwardly and reversely and drives the speed reducer  18  to operate through the electrically operated brake  21  and the coupling  20 . The small gear  23  disposed on the output shaft of the speed reducer  18  meshes with the larger gear  25  to rotate the larger gear  25 . The head sheave  17  fastened to the larger gear  25  rotates forwardly and reversely around the head sheave shaft  28 . The oil pumping polished rod rope  10  and the balance weight rope  7  are both fixed to a periphery of a drum of the head sheave  17  and drive the oil pumping polished rod  3  and the balance weight case  5  to reciprocate upwardly and downwardly, respectively. As a result, the oil pumping polished rod  3  drives an oil pump to pump oil with high efficiency. 
   When the pumping and repairing unit is used for workover, the balance weight case  5  is lowered onto the main frame  8 . And then the oil pumping polished rod rope  10 , the balance weight rope  7 , and the protection rope  15  are removed. The one end of the workover rope  13  is fixed to the periphery of the drum of the head sheave  17 , and the other end of the workover rope  13  is fixed to the supporting platform  16  after passing through the fixed pulley block  27  and the movable pulley block  12 . Therefore, when the motor  22  rotates, the head sheave  17  winds and unwinds the workover rope  13   50  that the workover rope  13  drives the movable pulley block  12  and consequently the hanging connector  11  to move upwardly and downwardly. The hanging connector  11  clamps the oil pumping polished rod or oil pipe to pull it up, thereby achieving safe workover. The pumping and repairing unit has a very complete and reliable function of workover, and does no harm to transmission components thereof during workover. During workover, the oil pumping polished rod and the oil pipe stand beside the main frame and are surrounded by canvas or nylon cloth so that a relatively sealed space is formed. Therefore, waste is treated without environmental pollution so that the workover is environmentally-friendly. The entire process of the workover is simple and convenient in operation. 
   When the oil pumping polished rod  3  or the oil pumping polished rod rope  10  is separated from the head sheave  17 , the motor  22  is overloaded due to loss of balance force, so that the protection rope catching device  19  is actuated to clamp the protection rope  15 . As a result, the balance weight case  5  cannot fall so as to avoid any accident, and thereby all of the equipment is protected.