Patent Publication Number: US-6708741-B1

Title: Beverage dispenser

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     This invention relates to beverage dispensers. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Beverage dispensers are used in a variety of environments, including restaurants, cafeterias, convenience stores, and the like. A dispenser holds a supply of beverage product, usually in a refrigerated compartment. The dispenser includes a dispensing mechanism, typically involving valves that can be controlled by an actuator, such as a lever assembly, which can be operated to dispense the beverage. 
     One common sort of dispenser stores a concentrate of the beverage and then mixes it with water just before or after dispensing. In another type of dispenser, the beverage itself is stored and is directly dispensed without any mixing. The latter type is considerably more simple in terms of the plumbing needed but may require more frequent resupply of beverage product. 
     The beverage product may be stored in a bag-in-box container. In this arrangement, the beverage product is provided in flexible plastic bag which collapses as the liquid is withdrawn, thus eliminating the need for a vent. The bag is disposed in a box, typically made of cardboard, for ease of handling. A dispenser for direct dispensing of a beverage from a bag-in-box container is described by Erb U.S. Pat. No. 5,938,077. 
     SUMMARY 
     In an aspect, the invention features a beverage dispenser including a cabinet with a shelf assembly for support of a bulk beverage container. The container includes a mechanically operable gravity-fed piston valve that can be controllably opened and closed to dispense beverage from the container in a generally downward direction. A valve actuator is supported on the shelf assembly below the valve and is coupled to the valve. A beverage pathway lumen extends from the valve below the shelf assembly to direct beverage from the valve to a receptacle during dispensing. 
     In some embodiments, the beverage pathway lumen is defined by a tube, and the tube is removably attachable to the valve. The actuator may have a pivoting element extending below the valve. The pivoting element includes an upper member engaging the valve and a lower member which can be moved to actuate the valve. The actuating member may include a linearly translated push element which is translated upwardly to open the valve and is coupled to a pivoting member. The lower member may be adapted to receive the beverage receptacle; the pivoting element can be a lever-form or a living hinge. The lower member of the pivoting member can be a lift handle. 
     The actuator of the dispenser can include a body attached to the shelf assembly and to which the pivoting element is articulated, and the beverage pathway can extend through the body. The tube can extend through an opening in the body and can include a retaining region having a cross-section larger than the opening. The tube is preferably about 4 to about 6 inches long. The body preferably includes two pieces about the beverage pathway lumen. The tube can include vent openings; the vent openings may be in the retaining region; the vent openings may also be upwardly oriented. 
     In other embodiments, the shelf assembly is adapted to receive a bag-in-box container. Preferably, the shelf assembly includes a cabinet with a door disposed opposite the valve. The shelf assembly may also include a support stand, outside a refrigerated space. 
     In another aspect, the invention features a beverage dispenser including a cabinet for receiving a bag-in-box container and a shelf assembly at the bottom of the container for supporting the container. The container includes a gravity-fed piston valve that can be controllably opened and closed to dispense beverage from the container in a generally downward direction. A valve actuator is coupled to the valve and includes a valve body attached to the cabinet below the valve. A beverage pathway lumen extends through the valve body to direct beverage from the valve to a receptacle during dispensing. 
     In some embodiments, the beverage pathway is defined by a tube removably attached to the valve. The tube may extend through an opening in the body and may include a retaining region having a cross-section larger than the opening. The tube is preferably about 4 to about 6 inches long. The body preferably includes two pieces about the beverage pathway lumen. Preferably, the tube includes vent openings; the vent openings may be in the retaining region and may be upwardly oriented. 
     In some embodiments, the actuator has a pivoting element extending below the valve, and the pivoting member includes an upper member engaging the valve and a lower member which can be moved to actuate the valve. The lower member may be adapted to receive the beverage receptacle. The pivoting element may be a lever-form. In other embodiments, the actuating member includes a linearly translated push member which is translated upwardly to open the valve and is coupled to the pivoting member. The pivoting member may be a living hinge, and the lower member may be a lift handle. 
     In other embodiments, the shelf assembly includes a cabinet with a door. The shelf assembly preferably includes a support stand housing a refrigeration unit. 
     In another aspect, the invention features a beverage dispenser including a beverage cabinet including a shelf assembly for support of a bulk beverage container. The container includes a mechanically operable, gravity-fed piston valve that can be controllably opened and closed to dispense beverage in a generally downward direction and a valve actuator supported on the shelf assembly and coupled to the valve. 
     In some embodiments, the dispenser includes an access door defining a cabinet wall opposite the valve. In other embodiments, the actuator has a pivoting element extending below the valve, and the pivoting element includes an upper member engaging the valve and a lower member, such as a lift handle, which can be moved to actuate the valve. Preferably, the lower member is adapted to receive the beverage receptacle. The pivoting element may be a lever-form or a living hinge. The actuating member may include a linearly translated push element which is translated upwardly to open the valve and is coupled to the pivoting member. In other embodiments, the actuator may include a body attached to the shelf and to which the pivoting element is articulated, and a beverage pathway tube may extend through the body. 
     Embodiments may include one or more of the following advantages. The dispenser is convenient, easy to use, and easy to maintain. It can make practical direct dispensing of beverage without any pre or post-mixing in high use environments such as restaurants, cafeterias, conference rooms, etc. The beverage pathway lumen provides a directed flow of beverage that can essentially eliminate splashing into the dispensing body or cabinet, thus reducing clean-up effort and the possibility of unsanitary conditions in the dispenser. The venting of the flow path prevents trapping a slug of beverage in the flow path after the beverage that can essentially eliminate splashing into the dispensing body or cabinet, thus reducing clean-up effort and the possibility of unsanitary conditions in the dispenser. The venting of the flow path prevents trapping a slug of beverage in the flow path after the dispenser actuator is operated to dispense. This assures that the beverage is fresh each time the actuator is operated. The actuator body can be removeably assembled just below the container to assure accurate and easy alignment of the actuator with the valve arrangement and avoid misalignment caused by opening and closing the door during replacement of the beverage container. The actuator body can be a two piece member arranged around the beverage pathway for easy assembly, disassembly and cleaning. The pathway can be defined by a removable flow tube extending from the valve through the body and the vent openings define enlarged retaining regions that have a cross section larger than the lumen through the body so that the tube cannot accidentally fall through the body into a user receptacle. 
     Still further aspects, features and advantages follow. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     We first briefly described the drawings. 
    
    
     DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a dispenser; 
     FIG. 2 is a cross sectional side view of the dispenser in FIG. 1; 
     FIG. 3 is an enlarged, exploded view of a portion of the dispenser in FIG. 2, illustrating the valve and beverage flow path; 
     FIG. 4 is an exploded view of an embodiment of a dispenser; 
     FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional side view of the dispenser in FIG. 4; 
     FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective view of the valve and valve actuator assembly of the dispenser of FIG. 4; 
     FIGS. 7A and 7B are side and top views, respectively, of a dispenser tube; 
     FIGS. 8A-8F are views of a pivot member, while FIG. 8G illustrates calculation of balance moments around the pivot; 
     FIGS. 9A-9F are views of the front piece of the actuator assembly in FIG. 6; 
     FIGS. 10A-10C are views of the back piece actuator assembly in FIG. 6 
     FIG. 11 is a side view of an actuator assembly; 
     FIGS. 12A and 12B are side or front views, respectively, of the front piece of the assembly in FIG. 11; and; 
     FIGS. 13A and 13B are front and side views, of the back piece of the assembly in FIG.  11 . 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION 
     Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a dispenser  2  includes a cabinet  4  enclosing a bag-in-box container  6 . The cabinet is supported on a base  7 , which may house a refrigeration unit, and has a front door  8  which can be opened on hinges  10  to replace the container  6 . Referring particularly to FIG. 2, the container  6  is supported on a shelf  12  which has a top surface that is angled downwardly to encourage fluid toward a valve  14 . The valve  14  is attached to the bag through a collar  16 . Referring to FIG. 3, the valve  14  is a piston-type valve. A piston  15  can be lifted to open the valve by upward motion on flanges  20  which extend through the valve body  18 . Fluid flows in a generally downward direction through a spout section  22  of the valve. A suitable valve is described in EP 432 070, the entire contents of which is incorporated by reference, and is available from The Vitop Company, Schalbach, France. 
     The valve is operated by a pivot actuator assembly. The actuator assembly includes a pivot member  24  that has an upper portion  25  for engaging the flanges  20  of the valve  14  and a lower portion  26  adapted to receive a receptacle such as a glass  28 . As a user presses the glass against the lower portion, the pivot member rotates (arrows  30 ,  32 ) about a pivot location  29  such that the upper portion  25  lifts the flanges  20  thus opening the valve. 
     The pivot member  24  is articulated to an actuator body  34  which defines pivot location  29  laterally forward of the valve and positions the actuator spatially with respect to the valve. A stirrup  38  extends upwardly from the body  34  to cradle the collar  16  of the bag and to laterally and vertically position the body  18  of the valve relative to the pivot member  24 . The actuator body  34  is attached to the cabinet on a subshelf  40  of the cabinet shelf  12 . A sealing gasket  31  on the interior of the door  38  seals against the body when the door is closed. As a result, the actuator and the valve are not disturbed when the door  8  of the cabinet is opened. 
     The shape of the pivot member and the location of the pivot provide a compact pivoting motion that does not interfere with the cabinet door. The upper portion  25  of the pivot member extends generally inwardly toward the valve from the pivot location. As a result the radial motion of the pivot member does not cause significant extension of the pivot member outwardly where it could interfere with the door. 
     The actuator body  34  includes a lumen  42  through which beverage can pass. The lumen  42  is occupied in this embodiment by a flow tube  44  which defines a beverage flow path from the valve through the actuator body  34 . The flow tube  44  prevents fluid splashing into the cabinet and onto the actuator components as beverage emerges from the valve, a problem that can occur with when the fluid is expelled at high pressure, particularly in a gravity fed valve arrangement. The tube  44  has a length and diameter sufficient to direct the fluid into a more uniform path toward the receptacle. Preferably, the lumen extends below the cabinet shelf to guide fluid out of the cabinet. The tube can be made of polymer which absorbs the lateral energy of the spray as it emerges from the valve. 
     The tube  44  may be removeably attachable to the spout section  22  of the valve by pressfitting. In this way the tube can be easily replaced or cleaned, for example, when a beverage container is being replaced. The spout section may include adapter nubs which can aid retaining the tube  44 . The tube  44  includes a recess  45  into which the nubs are disposed. In addition, the tube  44  includes a series of vent openings  46  which prevent a slug of beverage from being retained in the tube after the valve has been closed. The vent openings  46  are provided in a series retaining wings  48  which extend radially from the tube. The retaining wings  48  define a diameter that is greater than the diameter of the lumen  42  through the device body  34 , thus preventing the tube from slipping through the body into the receptacle  28  should the tube become dislodged from the valve. 
     As illustrated in FIG. 2, the actuator body  34  is preferably a two piece member, having a forward piece  48  and a rearward piece  50 , arranged about the lumen to facilitate loading and cleaning. The two pieces can be found with interfitting mating structure to allow the pieces to be slid together or apart without the use of tools, clamps, or fasteners. 
     In use, the operator opens the door  8  of the cabinet to remove and replace a container  6 . The forward piece  50  of the body is removed, carrying the pivot member  24 . The flow tube  44  is slipped from the spout section of the valve and discarded or washed. The empty container can then be removed from the cabinet. A new container is placed in the cabinet by aligning its collar  18  with the stirrup  38 . The flow tube  44  is press fit onto the spout portion of the valve and the front piece  50  of the body  34  carrying the pivot member  24  is reassembled to the back piece  48 . The door is closed and the dispenser is ready for use. 
     Referring to FIGS. 4-6, in a particular embodiment, a dispenser  60  has a cabinet  61  with a side-hinged front-loading door  63  that encloses three containers  64 , each carrying a piston valve  66 , and are supported on a bottom shelf  65  of the cabinet. The actuator includes a body with unitary back piece  68  that is slideably supported on a sub-shelf  70  and secured by removable, threaded stud inserts  71 . Alternatively, a bracket arrangement including a locking pin member which extends from the shelf and mates with an opening in the body  68 . The pin and body can be eccentrically shaped to cause locking of the body  68  as it is pressed on the pin. The back piece  68  includes three stirrups  69  to cradle the collars of the containers. Three front pieces  72  are slideably fit with the back piece  68  by a series of interfitting mating surfaces  74 ,  76  (FIG.  7 ). Each front piece includes a pivot member  78 . The front piece also carries a tongue  81  which fits over the top of the valve to prevent upward motion when the actuator is pivoted to dispense. A flow tube  79  is provided for each valve. The dispenser has a base  82  that houses a refrigeration unit  84 . The refrigeration unit has a baffle system  86 ,  88 , forming a duct work through which cooling air is drawn from the base over a refrigeration evaporator  83  to the cabinet compartment by a fan  90  which then directs the cool air into the compartment. The baffle plate  88  includes a lip  89  which extends upward by about 0.5 inch to enhance air flow. The box surrounding the beverage bag is preferably provided with openings  91  in side walls, top and bottom (not shown) to facilitate circulation. A drip pan  92  is provided below the actuator. 
     The cabinet may be a molded plastic body with an internal volume of about 2.5 cubic feet which accommodates three two gal bag in box containers. The dispenser has an overall height, H 5 , of 36 inch an overall width, W 4 , of 22 inch and an overall depth, D 5 , of 24 inch. 
     Referring particularly to FIGS. 7A and 7B, the flow tube is made of a somewhat resilient polymer such as polyethylene and has an outer diameter, d 7 , of about 0.51 inch and an inner diameter of 0.42 inch. The inner diameter of the tube is slightly smaller than the spout portion of the valve. A preferred valve is available from The Vitop Company, Schelbach, France, which has a spout outer diameter of about 0.47 inch. The retaining regions  91  have an outer diameter of about 0.85 inch and include vent openings of about 0.02 inch. The outlet end of the tube is beveled at a 45° angle. The lumen  93  through the valve body has an inner diameter d 7  of about 0.63 inch. The tube has a length L 7  of about 5.5 inch. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the tube extends from the spout portion of the valve into the valve body. The lower portion of the beverage passageway extends beyond the tube and is defined by a tubular extension  95  of the valve body, which extends from the body about 1.5 inches. 
     Referring to FIGS. 8A to  8 B, the pivot member includes a cup receptacle piece  102  from which extend a pair side bars  104  to the engaging portion  106 . A pivot bar  108  extends between the side bars. The pivot member is configured so that it does not protrude from the actuator body  34  and interfere with the cabinet door during pivoting. The pivot location is positioned just below the angle member  110 , which is directed inwardly at about 33.5° toward the cabinet and thus does not engage the door during dispensing. A down section  112  at the pivot member resides in grooves on the face of the device body. 
     In addition, the pivot location is chosen so that the pivot bar can operate the valve with a low force that will not damage a receptacle such as a conventional plastic cup. For example, for a piston valve having an opening force of about 5 lbs., the actuator provides a mechanical advantage of about 0.16 to 1 that permits an operation force of about 0.8 lbs. The pivot element has an overall height, H 8 , of about 9.2 inch, with the pivot bar located at a distance H 8B , about 1.68 inch below the top of the engaging portion. The lower portion has a depth, D 8 , of about 2.71 inch and the upper portion has a depth D 8A  of about 1.85 inch. The pivot member is formed of metal such as stainless steel or aluminum or a plastic. The side bars have a diameter of about 0.23 inches. The mechanical advantage of the dispenser assembly is about 0.16 to 1, such that a valve with an opening force requirement of 4 lbs can be opened with the assembly with 0.64 lbs. The balance movement, the calculation for which is illustrated in FIG. 8G, is about 0.16. The pivot location is positioned so that the pivot bar rotates slightly to its rest location by gravity, rather than the closing force of the valve. 
     Referring to FIG. 8C, the pivot bar  108 , which rests in a pivot well in the actuator body, has a cross section that defines a low surface area pivot region  109 . The low surface area pivot region reduces hang-ups and sticking should beverage become spilled in the pivot well. The pivot bar has a diameter of about 0.24 inch. The pivot region if formed by cut-outs of radius 0.078 inch and a maximum recess depth of 0.032 inch. The pivot region does not slide within the well, but rather rotates as it is actuated. 
     Referring to FIGS. 9A-9F, the front piece  72  of the body is configured with mating surfaces  74  for sliding assembly with the back piece  68 . A tongue portion  81  resists upward motion of the valve during dispensing, and a bottom portion  97  that defines, an extension of the beverage flow path. Referring particularly to FIG. 9B, the pivot bar well is configured as a slot  101  angled downward and inward on the body to discourage dislodging of the pivot member. The slot has a width W 9D  of about 0.25 inch, a depth D 9D  of about 0.5 inch and a radius of about 0.125 inch. Referring particularly to FIGS. 9E and 9F, the body also includes a pair of slots  103  into which the sidebars  104  of the pivot member are recessed. The slots have increasing depth toward the bottom of the body to accommodate the inward pivoting motion of the portion of the member below the pivot point. The minimum depth D 9E  of the top of the slots is about 0.365 inch and the maximum depth D 9E1  of the bottom is about 0.919 inch. A small knob just below the top facilitates pivot motion. The front portion has an overall height, H 9  of 7.1 inch, an overall width, W 9  of 3.49 inch, and an overall depth D 9  of 1.29 inch. 
     Referring to FIGS. 10A-10C, the back piece  68  of the body includes mating surfaces  105  configured for sliding engagement with subshelf  70  on the cabinet. The back piece  68  has an overall height H 10  of 5.8 inch and an overall width W 10  of 15.6 inch and an overall depth D 10  of 3 inch. An extension member defines, with the bottom portion of the front member, and extends the beverage pathway. The extension has a length L 10  of about 1.5 inches. 
     Referring to FIG. 11, an alternate actuator assembly  150  utilizes a pivot member  152  to translate lift rods  154  that engage the flanges  156  on a valve  158 . A beverage flow passage  153  passes through an actuator body  155 . The pivot member  152  has a living hinge  160 , a rod control piece  162  and a lift handle  164 . In operation, the user places a receptacle beneath the beverage passage  153  and lifts upward on the lift handle  164 . The piece  162  translates the rods  154  upwardly such that engagement portions  151  push the flanges  156  on the valve upward, opening the valve. A flow tube (not shown) can be provided to direct fluid toward the receptacle. The living hinge  160  is formed of a resilient polymer such as HDPE polypropylene or Delrin (Dupont, Del.). It may also be metal. 
     Referring as well to FIGS. 12A-13B, the body  155  has a front piece  170  and a back piece  172  arranged in a clam-shell fashion about the lumen  153 . The front piece induces a mid-portion  174  with mating surfaces  176  to permit slideable assembly with the back piece. The front piece also includes passageways  178  in which the push rods may be slideably disposed. A tongue  180  extends upwardly such that is resides above the valve to oppose upward motion. 
     The back piece  172  has a portion  182  with mating surface  184  for slideable assembly with the front portion. The back piece  172  also carries a yoke  186  into which the collar of the valve may be disposed. The back piece may be attached or integral with the shelf on the cabinet. The compact lateral actuation allows valve operation without interfering with the cabinet door. 
     In other embodiments, the valve body may include a back portion that is integrally formed with the dispenser. The valve body may be a one piece member. The flow path may be defined by the valve body. The valve body may include a cut out around the flow tube, rather than a lumen. 
     Still further embodiments are within the claims.