Patent Publication Number: US-2022235496-A1

Title: Thread

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     The present application is a continuation of International application No. PCT/JP2020/043598, filed Nov. 24, 2020, which claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-212975, filed Nov. 26, 2019, the entire contents of each of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to a thread formed by twisting different fibers. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     In recent years, in order to realize a comfortable and healthy life style, various daily life products with improved comfort, health, or hygiene have been devised. In particular, clothing made of fibers having antifungal properties have been devised. The fibers having antifungal properties are, for example, charge generating fibers that exhibit antifungal properties by charge generated by a piezoelectric effect. The piezoelectric thread disclosed in Patent Document 1 is an example of charge generating fiber. When tension is applied to the piezoelectric thread, charge is generated on the surface of the piezoelectric thread, and an electric field is generated in a space formed between fibers by the charge. The piezoelectric thread exerts an effect such as an antifungal effect by the generated electric field.
     Patent Document 1: International Publication No. 2017/212836   

     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     There is room for improvement in a conventional charge generating fiber in terms of constraining a fungus in the vicinity of the space where an electric field is generated. 
     Therefore, an object of the invention is to provide a thread having a better antifungal effect than a conventional charge generating thread having antifungal properties. 
     A thread of the invention includes a first fiber having at least one groove extending in a length direction thereof; and at least one second fiber constructed to generate a potential by external energy. The second fiber is disposed in a region corresponding to the groove of the first fiber such that a space is between the first fiber and the second fiber. 
     In the thread of the invention, the second fiber is disposed in the region corresponding to the groove of the first fiber, and a space is formed between the first fiber and the second fiber, so that an electric field can be generated in the space. In addition, since the groove is formed in the first fiber, the surface area of the first fiber increases, and a fungus easily adhere to the first fiber. Thus, the thread including the first fiber and the second fiber exhibits a good antifungal effect. 
     According to the present invention, a thread that gives a space in which a good electric field is generated can be realized. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1(A)  is a view illustrating a configuration of a thread according to one embodiment of the present invention.  FIG. 1(B)  is a sectional view taken along the line I-I in  FIG. 1(A) .  FIG. 1(C)  is a view illustrating applying a twist to a first fiber and second fibers of the thread. 
         FIGS. 2(A) to 2(C)  are views showing a sectional shape of the first fiber, respectively. 
         FIGS. 3(A) and 3(B)  are views showing a relation among deformation, a uniaxial stretching direction, and an electric field direction of a second fiber when the second fiber is a polylactic acid (PLLA) uniaxially stretched. 
         FIG. 4(A)  is a view illustrating a configuration of a thread according to one embodiment of the invention.  FIG. 4(B)  is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of  FIG. 4(A) .  FIG. 4(C)  is a view illustrating applying a twist to a first fiber and a second fiber of the thread. 
         FIG. 5  is a view illustrating an electric field in a thread. 
         FIG. 6  is a sectional view of a thread according to one embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 7  is a sectional view of a thread according to one embodiment of the invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       FIG. 1(A)  is a view illustrating a configuration of a thread  1  according to one embodiment of the invention.  FIG. 1(B)  is a sectional view taken along the line I-I in  FIG. 1(A) .  FIG. 1(C)  is a view illustrating applying a twist to a first fiber  10  and second fibers  20  of the thread  1 . 
     The thread  1  is composed of a first fiber  10  and second fibers  20 . The first fiber  10  has at least one a groove  12  extending in a length direction, and is surrounded by a plurality of second fibers  20 . When energy is applied to the second fibers  20 , charge is generated. In the thread  1  of the present embodiment, the second fibers  20  are disposed to fit within the groove  12  of the first fiber  10 , and are twisted together with the first fiber  10 . In  FIG. 1(B) , as an example, a cross section of one first fiber  10  and six second fibers  20  is illustrated in a cross section taken along the line I-I, but the number of first fibers  10  and the number of second fibers  20  are not limited to this, and are actually set as appropriate in consideration of the application and the like. 
     Conventionally, it has been known that proliferation and metastasis of a bacterium, a fungus, and the like can be suppressed by an electric field (See, for example, Tetsuaki Tsuchido, Hiroki Kourai, Hideaki Matsuoka, Junichi Koizumi, Kodansha: Microbial Control—Science and Engineering. In addition, see, for example, Koichi Takaki, Application of High Voltage and Plasma Technology to Agricultural and Food Field, J. HTSJ, Vol. 51, No. 216). In addition, a potential generating the electric field may cause a current to flow through a current path formed by moisture or a circuit formed by a micro discharge phenomenon. It is considered that this current weakens a fungus and suppresses proliferation and metastasis of the fungus. 
     When the thread  1  of the embodiment receives external energy (for example, when a tension is applied in an axial direction of the thread  1 ), charge is generated, and an electric field is generated. Alternatively, when the thread  1  receiving external energy is brought close to a thing having a predetermined potential (including a ground potential) such as a human body, an electric field is also generated between the thread  1  and the thing. When the thread  1  receives external energy and is close to a thing having a predetermined potential (including a ground potential) such as a human body, a current flows between the thread  1  of the present invention and the thing through a liquid such as sweat. 
     Disruption of a cell of a fungus and degeneration of the cytoplasm occur by an electric field or an electric current. Therefore, the cell of the fungus and the electron transmission system for maintaining the life of the fungus are disturbed, and the fungus is killed or the fungus itself is weakened. In addition, oxygen contained in a liquid such as sweat or water may be changed into an active oxygen species by an electric field or a current. Active oxygen species includes an oxygen radical, and these effects kill or weaken a fungus. Thus, the thread  1  has a remarkable antifungal effect. In the present description, the “antifungal effect” is a concept including both an effect of killing a fungus and an effect of weakening a fungus. 
     In the embodiment, the first fiber  10  is a modified cross-section fiber (modified filament) made of a fiber material such as a polyester, a nylon, or an acrylic.  FIGS. 2(A) to 2(C)  are views showing a sectional shape of the first fiber  10 , respectively. As illustrated in  FIGS. 2(A) to 2(C) , the sectional shape of the first fiber  10  is a cross shape, a star polygon, or a concave polygon. In any example, the first fiber  10  has the groove  12  and protrusion  14  extending in the longitudinal direction. 
     Furthermore, in the embodiment, the second fiber  20  is made of, for example, a piezoelectric polymer. Examples of the piezoelectric polymer include a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and a polylactic acid (PLA), and any of them can be used as a raw material of the second fiber  20 . Among them, the polylactic acid (PLA) is a piezoelectric polymer having no pyroelectricity. The polylactic acid is uniaxially stretched to generate piezoelectricity. The polylactic acid includes PLLA having a right-handed helical structure obtained by polymerizing an L-form monomer and PDLA having a left-handed helical structure obtained by polymerizing a D-form monomer and having a polarity of a piezoelectric constant opposite to that of PLLA. 
       FIGS. 3(A) and 3(B)  are views showing a relation among deformation, a uniaxial stretching direction, and an electric field direction of the second fiber  20  when the second fiber  20  is a polylactic acid (PLLA) uniaxially stretched.  FIGS. 3(A) and 3(B)  are views when the second fiber  20  is assumed to have a film shape as a model case. In the embodiment, the second fiber  20  is a circular cross section fiber (circular filament). 
     The polylactic acid (PLA) is a chiral polymer, and its main chain has a helical structure. When the polylactic acid is uniaxially stretched and molecules are oriented, piezoelectricity appears. When heat treatment is further performed to increase the crystallinity, the piezoelectric constant increases. The second fiber  20  made of a uniaxially stretched polylactic acid has a tensor component of d 14  and d 25  as the piezoelectric strain constant when a thickness direction is defined as a first axis, a stretching direction  900  is defined as a third axis, and a direction orthogonal to both the first axis and the third axis is defined as a second axis. Therefore, when the second fiber  20  made of a uniaxially stretched polylactic acid is distorted in a direction of 45 degrees with respect to the uniaxially stretched direction, charge is generated. 
     As shown in  FIG. 3(A) , when the second fiber  20  shrinks in the direction of the first diagonal line  910 A and extends in the direction of the second diagonal line  910 B orthogonal to the first diagonal line  910 A, an electric field is generated in a direction from the back side to the front side of the paper surface. That is, in the state of  FIG. 3(A) , a negative charge is generated on the front side of the paper surface. As shown in  FIG. 3(B) , when the second fiber  20  extends in the direction of the first diagonal line  910 A and shrinks in the direction of the second diagonal line  910 B, charge is also generated. In this case, the polarity is reversed, and an electric field is generated in a direction from the surface to the back side of the paper surface. That is, in the state of  FIG. 3(B) , a positive charge is generated on the front side of the paper surface. 
     The polylactic acid has piezoelectricity due to orientation of molecules by stretching, and thus does not need poling unlike other piezoelectric polymers such as PVDF or piezoelectric ceramics. The piezoelectric constant of the uniaxially stretched polylactic acid is about 5 to 30 pC/N, and has a very high piezoelectric constant among polymers. Furthermore, the piezoelectric constant of the polylactic acid does not vary with time and is extremely stable. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 1(C) , the second fibers  20  having the characteristics are twisted together with the first fiber  10  to the left to obtain the thread  1 . The thread  1  is S-twisted (right-twisted). In  FIG. 1(A) , since the plurality of second fibers  20  are twisted, the stretching direction (length direction)  900  of each second fiber  20  is inclined obliquely with respect to the stretching direction of the thread  1 . In other words, the stretching direction  900  of the second fibers  20  is inclined to the left on the paper surface with respect to the stretching direction of the thread  1 . 
     Ideally, the angle (twist angle of the second fibers  20 ) between stretching direction  900  of the second fibers  20  and the stretching direction of the thread  1  is preferably 45 degrees. When such a thread  1  is stretched under tension, the second fibers  20  are stretched along the axial direction of the thread  1 , and are shrunk along the width direction of the thread  1 . Therefore, the axial direction of the thread  1  corresponds to the second diagonal line  910 B illustrated in  FIG. 3(A) , and the width direction of the thread  1  corresponds to the first diagonal line  910 A illustrated in  FIG. 3(A) . As in the example shown in  FIG. 3(A) , the second fiber  20  stretches in the direction corresponding to the second diagonal line  910 B and shrinks in the direction corresponding to the direction of the first diagonal line  910 A. Therefore, a negative charge is generated on the surface of the second fiber  20 , and a positive charge is generated on the inner side. That is, in the second fiber  20 , charge is generated by external energy. 
     Of course, the inclination of the second fiber  20  with respect to the axial direction of the thread  1  is not limited to 45 degrees to the left. When a shearing stress is applied to the second fiber  20 , charge is generated. Therefore, the stretching direction  900  of the second fiber  20  may cross at least the axial direction of the thread  1 . Considering this, the twist angle of the second fiber  20  may be larger than 0 degrees and smaller than 90 degrees to the left. In general, as the twist angle of the second fiber  20  approaches 45 degrees to the left, the charge generation efficiency is improved. However, usually, the thread is used for knitted fabrics, textile fabrics, and sewing, and the direction in which the thread extends may not be constant. That is, since an external force is not necessarily applied in the long axis direction of the thread, the twist angle of the second fiber  20  is not limited to the above. 
     In the embodiment, since the first fiber  10  has the groove  12 , the surface area of the first fiber  10  is larger than that of a fiber having no groove, and the possibility that fungus adheres to the first fiber  10  is relatively high. As shown in  FIG. 1(C) , when the first fiber  10  having the groove  12  in the length direction is twisted, the groove  12  extends helically. The shape of the groove  12  is a shape along a surface of the second fiber  20 . In such a configuration, when the second fiber  20  is twisted, the second fiber  20  is twisted along the groove  12  of the first fiber  10 . In other words, the second fiber  20  is twisted while being guided by the groove  12  of the first fiber  10 . The opening width of the groove  12  is substantially equal to or larger  20  than the diameter length of the second fiber  20 . At this time, by increasing the friction coefficient of one of the first fiber  10  and the second fiber  20 , when the first fiber  10  and the second fiber  20  are stressed against each other, stress can be efficiently applied to the other, and generation of charge can be improved. 
     Further, as shown in  FIG. 1(C) , in the embodiment, a space SP is formed between the groove  12  of the first fiber  10  and the second fiber  20  disposed in the region formed in the groove  12 . In  FIG. 1(C) , the cross section of the groove  12  is V-shaped, but the cross section of the second fiber  20  is circular form. Therefore, since the second fiber  20  and the groove  12  are not engaged exactly with each other, the space SP is generated. With such a space SP, a leakage electric field is likely to be formed. Therefore, the thread  1  exerts a good antifungal effect. The shape of the space SP can be changed by changing the shape of the groove  12  of the first fiber  10 , and the optimum leakage electric field can be changed in combination with the second fiber  20 . 
     The cross section of the space SP is smaller than the cross section of the thread  1 . The space SP may be smaller than the cross section of the first fiber  10  or smaller than the cross section of the second fiber  20 . 
       FIG. 4(A)  is a view illustrating a configuration of a thread  2  according to one embodiment of the invention.  FIG. 4(B)  is a sectional view taken along line II-II of  FIG. 4(A) .  FIG. 4(C)  is a view illustrating applying a twist to a first fiber  10  and second fibers  20  of the thread  2 . In the thread  2  of the embodiment, the second fibers  20  are twisted rightward together with the first fiber  10 . That is, the thread  2  is Z-twisted (left-twisted). In  FIG. 4(A) , the stretching direction  900  of the second fibers  20  is inclined to the right on the paper surface with respect to the stretching direction of the thread  2 . 
     As in the thread  1 , in the thread  2 , the angle between the stretching direction  900  of the second fiber  20  and the stretching direction of the thread  2  is ideally preferably 45 degrees. When such a thread  2  is stretched under tension, the second fibers  20  are stretched along the axial direction of the thread  2 , and are shrunk along the width direction of the thread  2 . Therefore, the stretching direction of the thread  2  corresponds to the first diagonal line  910 A illustrated in  FIG. 3(B) , and the width direction of the thread  2  corresponds to the second diagonal line  910 B illustrated in  FIG. 3(B) . As in the example shown in  FIG. 3(B) , the second fiber  20  stretches in the direction corresponding to the first diagonal line  910 A and shrinks in the direction corresponding to the direction of the second diagonal line  910 B. Therefore, a positive charge is generated on the surface of the thread  2 , and a negative charge is generated on the inner side. 
     Since charge generates when the shearing stress is applied in the second fiber  20 , the inclination with respect to the stretching direction of the thread  2  is not limited to 45 degrees to the right, and may at least intersect with the stretching direction of the thread  2 . However, as the twist angle of the second fiber  20  approaches 45 degrees to the right, the charge generation efficiency is improved. In the embodiment, the groove  12  of the first fiber  10  is a V-shaped groove, and a surface of the second fiber  20  is arcuate. That is, the shape of the groove  12  of the first fiber  10  is a shape that is not along the surface of the second fiber  20 . However, in other embodiments, the shape of the groove  12  of the first fiber  10  may be a shape along the surface of the second fiber  20 . For example, the groove  12  of the first fiber  10  is a semicircular groove, and the surface of the second fiber  20  is arcuate. Furthermore, usually, the thread is used for knitted fabrics, textile fabrics, and sewing, and the direction in which the thread extends may not be constant. That is, since an external force is not necessarily applied in the long axis direction of the thread, the twist angle of the second fiber  20  is not limited to the above. 
     As shown in  FIG. 4(C) , since there is a space SP between the groove  12  of the first fiber  10  and the second fiber  20  disposed to fit the groove  12 , a leakage electric field is easily formed. Therefore, the thread  2  has the same good antifungal effect as the thread  1 . 
       FIG. 5  is a view illustrating an electric field in the thread  1  and the thread  2 . In the thread  1  alone, the surface has a negative potential and the inside has a positive potential when tension is applied. In the thread  2  alone, the surface has a positive potential and the inside has a negative potential when tension is applied. When the thread  1  and the thread  2  are brought close to each other, the close portions (surfaces) tend to have the same potential. In this case, the proximity portion between the thread  1  and the thread  2  becomes 0 V, and the positive potential inside the thread  1  is further increased so as to maintain the original potential difference. Similarly, the negative potential inside the thread  2  is further lowered. 
     An electric field directed mainly from the inside to the outside of the thread  1  is formed in the cross section of the thread  1 , and an electric field directed mainly from the outside to the inside the thread  2  is formed in the cross section of the thread  2 . When the thread  1  and the thread  2  are brought close to each other, these electric fields leak out into the air and are synthesized, and an electric field is formed by a potential difference between the thread  1  and the thread  2  as illustrated in  FIG. 5 . Alternatively, when the thread  1  (or the thread  2 ) and a thing having a predetermined potential (including a ground potential) such as a human body are brought close to each other, an electric field is generated between the thread  1  (or the thread  2 ) and the thing close to the thread  1  (or the thread  2 ). 
     Alternatively, a current may flow through a current path formed by moisture between the thread  1  and the thread  2 , or a circuit formed by a micro discharge phenomenon. Even when the thread  1  or the thread  2  and a thing having a predetermined potential close to each other are brought close to each other, a current may flow through a current path formed by moisture, or a circuit formed by a micro discharge phenomenon. 
     Furthermore, the thread  1  and the thread  2  do not need to have potentials of opposite polarity. Even if the thread  1  and the thread  2  have potentials of the same polarity, an electric field or a current is generated if there is a potential difference between them. That is, the thread  1  and the thread  2  may have different potentials when charges are generated. 
     As the fiber that generates a negative charge on the surface, a Z thread using PDLA is also conceivable in addition to an S thread using PLLA. Furthermore, as the fiber that generates a positive charge on the surface, the S thread using PDLA is also conceivable in addition to the Z thread using PLLA. 
     In the embodiment, only the second fiber  20  contains the polylactic acid. However, in other embodiments, the first fiber  10  may also contain the polylactic acid. Then, when the first fiber  10  is twisted, charge is generated. 
     In the embodiment, the number of the first fibers  10  in the thread  1  or the thread  2  is 1, but in other embodiments, the number of the first fibers  10  may be plural.  FIG. 6  is a sectional view of a thread according to one embodiment of the invention. As shown in  FIG. 6 , a plurality of first fibers  10  are disposed so as to be surrounded by second fibers  20 . The bundle of first fibers  10  has more grooves  12  than the single first fiber  10 . In such a configuration, when the first fibers  10  and the second fibers  20  are twisted, the bundle of the first fibers  10  can guide more the second fibers  20 . 
     In the embodiment, the first fiber  10  and the second fiber  20  are long fibers (filaments), and the thread  1  and the thread  2  are twisted threads made of long fibers. However, the thread  1  and thread  2  are not limited to the twisted threads made of long fibers. In another embodiment, the first fiber  10  and the second fiber  20  may be short fibers (spans), and the thread  1  and the thread  2  may be spun threads made of short fibers. In other embodiments, the first fiber  10  and the second fiber  20  may be long fibers and short fibers (or short fibers and long fibers), respectively, and the thread  1  and the thread  2  may be twisted threads made of two types of fibers. 
     In the embodiment, the first fibers  10  are heteromorphic modified cross-section fibers (modified filaments) and the second fibers  20  are circular cross-section fibers (circular filaments). However, the second fibers  20  are not limited to the circular cross-section fibers. In another embodiment, the second fibers  20  are a modified cross-section fibers like the first fibers  10 . 
     In other embodiments, both the first fiber  10  and the second fiber  20  may be charge generating fibers that generate charge. Furthermore, when both the first fiber  10  and the second fiber  20  are charge generating fibers, either one may have a lower elastic modulus than the other, and when only one of the first fiber  10  and the second fiber  20  is charge generating fiber, the other may have a lower elastic modulus than the one. In this case, since the fiber has a low elastic modulus, the thread tends to stretch, and the shearing stress tends to be applied to the charge generating fiber. Furthermore, when both of the first fiber  10  and the second fiber  20  are charge generating fibers, either one may have a lower coefficient of static friction than the other, and when only one of the first fiber  10  and the second fiber  20  is charge generating fiber, the other may have a higher coefficient of static friction. In this case, the shearing stress tends to be applied to the charge generating fiber. 
       FIG. 7  is a sectional view of a thread  3  according to one embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, a thread  3  is composed of the first fiber  10  and the second fiber  20  which are modified cross-section fibers, and the first fiber  10  and the second fiber  20  have the same sectional shape. However, in other embodiments, the first fiber  10  and the second fibers  20  in the thread  3  may have different sectional shapes. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 7 , the second fiber  20  has at least one protrusion  24  extending in the length direction. The second fiber  20  is disposed such that the protrusion  24  of the second fiber  20  engages with the groove  12  of the first fiber  10 . In such a configuration, when the second fiber  20  is twisted, the protrusion  24  of the second fiber  20  is twisted along the groove  12  of the first fiber  10 , and extends helically. That is, the second fiber  20  is twisted while being guided by the groove  12  of the first fiber  10 . 
     The thread  3  is S-twisted or Z-twisted depending on the direction of twisting. In the embodiment, by using the groove  12  of the first fiber  10  and the protrusion  24  of the second fiber  20 , the twist angle of the second fiber  20  can be made close to a desired angle (45 degrees to the left or 45 degrees to the right), and the thread  3  can be made into a medium twisted thread or a hard twisted thread. Since the shape and size of the internal space of the groove  12  do not exactly fit the shape and size of the protrusion  24 , the space SP exists between the first fiber  10  and the second fiber  20 . Therefore, a leakage electric field is easily formed. Such a thread  3  has the same good antifungal effect as the thread  1  and the thread  2 . 
     In the embodiment, the groove  12  of the first fiber  10  is parallel to the length direction of the first fiber  10  as shown in  FIG. 1(C) . However, the groove  12  is not limited to the linear groove. In another embodiment, the groove  12  of the first fiber  10  is a groove formed in a helical shape with respect to the axial direction of the first fiber  10 . When the second fiber  20  is wound along the helical groove, a thread having an appearance similar to that of the twisted thread is obtained. In this embodiment, it is not necessary to twist the first fiber  10 . The number of turns and the helical angle of the second fiber  20  are determined by the installation state of the helical groove. Therefore, if the number of turns and the helical angle are appropriate, the thread obtained in this embodiment can also exhibit a good antifungal effect. 
     The above-mentioned threads (thread  1 , thread  2 , thread  3 , etc.) can be applied to daily life products such as medical parts and clothing. For example, the thread (thread  1 , thread  2 , thread  3 , etc.) can be applied to a mask, underwear (in particular, socks), a towel, insoles such as shoes and boots, sportswear in general, a hat, bedding (bedclothes, a mattress, a sheet, a pillow, a pillow cover, and the like), a toothbrush, a froth, a water purifier, a filter for an air conditioner or an air cleaner, a stuffed toy, a pet-related product (a mat for a pet, clothing for a pet, and an innerwear for a pet), various mat products (a foot, a hand, and a toilet seat), s curtain, s kitchen utensil (s sponge or s cloth), seats (a seats for a car, a train, an airplane, etc.), a cushioning material for a motorbike helmet and an exterior material thereof, a sofa, a bandage, a gauze, a suture, clothes for a doctor and a patient, a supporter, a sanitary product, a sporting good (an inner of a wear and a glove, an arm guard used in a martial art, or the like), a filter for an air conditioner or an air cleaner, a packaging material, and a screen door. 
     Of the clothing, in particular, socks (or supporters) always expand and contract along a joint by movement such as walking, and thus the thread (thread  1 , thread  2 , thread  3 , etc.) generates charge with high frequency. In addition, socks absorb moisture such as sweat and become a hotbed for proliferation of a fungus, but the threads (thread  1 , thread  2 , thread  3 , etc.) can suppress proliferation of a fungus, and thus exert a remarkable effect as a fungus-countermeasure application for odor prevention. 
     Finally, description of this embodiment should be considered to be exemplary in all respects and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined not by the embodiments but by the claims. Furthermore, the scope of the invention is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the claims. 
     DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS 
     
         
         
           
               1 ,  2 ,  3 : Thread 
               10 : First fiber 
               20 : Second fiber 
               12 : Groove 
               14 ,  24 : Protrusion 
             SP: Space 
               900 : Stretching direction 
               910 A: First diagonal line 
               910 B: Second diagonal line