Patent Publication Number: US-2021161555-A1

Title: Endoscopic Cannulas and Related Methods

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/942,864, filed on Dec. 3, 2019, pursuant to 35 USC § 119. The entire content of this provisional application is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     This disclosure relates to adjustable endoscopic cannulas and related methods of steering the adjustable endoscopic cannulas to examine a uterus of a patient. 
     BACKGROUND 
     A hysteroscope is an endoscope that is designed for examining a uterus (e.g., a uterine cavity) of a patient. A hysteroscope typically includes a proximal portion that remains external to the body of a patient during use and a distal portion that is inserted into the uterus of a patient. The distal portion may include a tip that is sized to be inserted through the cervix and into the uterus to view and/or perform a surgery on the uterus, while the proximal portion provides features for manipulating the distal portion. Images captured at the tip of the distal portion can be viewed by a physician to examine the uterine cavity. Once examination has concluded, the distal portion of the hysteroscope is withdrawn from the uterus through the cervix of a patient. 
     SUMMARY 
     In general, this disclosure relates to endoscopic devices and related methods. Such endoscopic devices can be used for viewing and/or performing a surgery on a body cavity of a patient, e.g., a uterus. 
     In one aspect, an endoscopic cannula includes an endoscopic cannula, including an elongate shaft having a distal end portion sized for insertion in a body cavity, and a camera secured to the distal end portion of the elongate shaft for viewing the body cavity, wherein the distal end portion of the elongate shaft is adjustable between a straight configuration and a bent configuration to examine the body cavity. 
     Embodiments may include one or more of the following features. 
     In some embodiments, the distal end portion of the elongate shaft includes one or more relief cuts that generate the bent configuration. 
     In certain embodiments, the elongate shaft is made of a flexible material. 
     In some embodiments, a natural or trained shape of the distal end portion of the elongate shaft provides the bent configuration. 
     In certain embodiments, the endoscopic cannula further includes a malleable metal rod disposed within the elongate shaft and configured to adjust the distal end portion of the elongate shaft into the straight configuration or the bent configuration. 
     In some embodiments, a lumen of the elongate shaft is configured to allow passage of an operative instrument from a proximal end of the elongate shaft through the distal end portion of the elongate shaft. 
     In certain embodiments, the elongate shaft is made of a memory alloy material. 
     In some embodiments, the endoscopic cannula further includes a rigid sheath defining an interior region for receiving the elongate shaft. 
     In certain embodiments, the rigid sheath is slidable along the elongate shaft to adjust the elongate shaft between the straight configuration and the bent configuration. 
     In some embodiments, the distal end portion of the elongate shaft transitions between the straight and bent configurations in response to a temperature change of the memory alloy material. 
     In another aspect, an endoscope includes an elongate shaft having a distal end portion sized for insertion in a body cavity, a camera secured to the distal end portion of the elongate shaft for viewing the body cavity, and a handle extending from a proximal end of the elongate shaft, wherein the distal end portion of the elongate shaft is adjustable between a straight configuration and a bent configuration to examine the body cavity. 
     In another aspect, a method of using an endoscope includes inserting an elongate shaft of the endoscope into a body cavity of a patient, adjusting a distal end portion of the elongate shaft from a straight configuration to a bent configuration, and acquiring an image of the body cavity using a camera secured to the distal end portion of the elongate shaft. 
     Embodiments may include one or more of the following features. 
     In certain embodiments, the method further includes bending the distal end portion of the elongate shaft at one or more relief cuts of the elongate shaft. 
     In some embodiments, the elongate shaft is made of a flexible material. 
     In certain embodiments, the method further includes providing the bent configuration with a natural or trained shape at the distal end portion of the elongate shaft. 
     In some embodiments, the method further includes manipulating a malleable metal rod within a lumen of the elongate shaft to adjust the distal end portion of the elongate shaft into the straight configuration or the bent configuration. 
     In certain embodiments, the method further includes inserting an operative instrument into a proximal end of the elongate shaft, through a lumen, and through the distal end portion of the elongate shaft. 
     In some embodiments, the method further includes manipulating the operative instrument to perform a surgery in the body cavity. 
     In certain embodiments, the elongate shaft is made of a memory alloy material. 
     In some embodiments, the method further includes sliding a rigid sheath over the elongate shaft to adjust the distal end portion of the elongate shaft into the straight configuration or the bent configuration. 
     In certain embodiments, the method further includes changing a temperature of the memory alloy material to adjust the distal end portion of the elongate shaft into the straight configuration or the bent configuration. 
     Embodiments may provide one or more of the following advantages. In some embodiments, the endoscopic devices include steerable cannulas. Such steerable cannulas can allow a user (e.g., a clinician) to manipulate a distal end of the cannula to observe intrauterine anatomy of a patient without manipulating the entire cannula body to achieve visualization of a desired area. Thus, the steerable cannulas can prevent and/or minimize the pain and/or discomfort of the patient that is typically caused by manipulating the entire cannula body to achieve visualization of a desired area. Furthermore, the steerable cannulas can facilitate cannula and camera placement by the user during visualization while advantageously reducing the need for aggressive manipulation of the endoscope during visualization of intrauterine anatomy. 
     In some implementations, the endoscopic devices include disposable cannulas that eliminate the need for sterilization of the endoscope between patients. Thus, the disposable cannulas may reduce the time required to prepare and set up an endoscope in between patients. Furthermore, the single-use cannulas may be less costly to manufacture, purchase, and/or maintain than non-disposable cannulas. 
     Other aspects, features, and advantages will be apparent from the description, the drawings, and the claims. 
    
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a perspective view of an endoscopic device that can be used to examine a body cavity of a patient. 
         FIG. 2  is a side view of the endoscopic device of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 3  is a top view of the endoscopic device of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 4  is a perspective view of a distal end of the endoscopic device of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 5  is a perspective cross-sectional view of a connection hub and a handle of the endoscopic device of  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 6  is a perspective view of the connection hub and the handle of  FIG. 5 . 
         FIG. 7  is a perspective view of the connection hub of  FIG. 5 , with the handle omitted. 
         FIG. 8  is a perspective cross-sectional view of the handle of  FIG. 5 . 
         FIG. 9  is a front view of a display of the endoscopic device of  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 10  is a rear perspective view of the display of  FIG. 9 . 
         FIG. 11  is a rear perspective view of electronics within the display of  FIG. 9 . 
         FIG. 12  is a perspective view of the display of  FIG. 9 , mated with a docking station. 
         FIG. 13  is a front perspective view of the docking station of  FIG. 12 . 
         FIG. 14  is a rear perspective view of the docking station of  FIG. 12 . 
         FIG. 15  is a perspective view of an endoscopic cannula including relief cuts in a straight configuration. 
         FIG. 16  is a perspective view of an endoscopic cannula including relief cuts in a bent configuration. 
         FIG. 17  is a perspective view of an endoscopic cannula including relief cuts and an operative channel in a straight configuration. 
         FIG. 18  is a perspective view of an endoscopic cannula including relief cuts and an operative channel in a bent configuration. 
         FIG. 19  is a perspective view of an endoscopic cannula having an elongate shaft made out of a memory alloy material. The endoscopic cannula is shown in a straight configuration. 
         FIG. 20  is a perspective view of an endoscopic cannula having an elongate shaft made out of a memory alloy material. The endoscopic cannula is shown in a bent configuration. 
         FIG. 21  is a perspective view of an endoscopic cannula having an elongate shaft made out of a bendable plastic. The endoscopic cannula is shown in a straight configuration. 
         FIG. 22  is a perspective view of an endoscopic cannula having an elongate shaft made out of a bendable plastic. The endoscopic cannula is shown in a bent configuration. 
         FIG. 23  is a side cross-sectional view of an endoscopic cannula including a flexible rod in a straight configuration. 
         FIG. 24  is a rear cross-sectional view of an endoscopic cannula including a malleable metal rod. 
         FIG. 25  is a perspective cross-sectional view of an endoscopic cannula including a flexible rod in a bent configuration. 
         FIG. 26  illustrates the endoscopic cannula of  FIGS. 15-16  within a uterine cavity during an endoscopic procedure. 
         FIG. 27  illustrates the endoscopic cannula of  FIGS. 17-18  within a uterine cavity during an endoscopic procedure. 
         FIG. 28  illustrates the endoscopic cannula of  FIGS. 19-20  within a uterine cavity during an endoscopic procedure. 
         FIG. 29  illustrates the endoscopic cannula of  FIGS. 21-22  within a uterine cavity during an endoscopic procedure. 
         FIG. 30  illustrates the endoscopic cannula of  FIGS. 23-25  within a uterine cavity during an endoscopic procedure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       FIGS. 1-3  illustrates an endoscopic device  1500  (e.g., a hysteroscope) that can be used to examine a body cavity of a patient (e.g., a uterine cavity). The endoscopic device  1500  includes a cannula  1502  that is formed to be inserted into the uterus (e.g., through the vaginal canal and cervix of the patient), an imaging system  1504  located at a distal tip  1506  of the cannula  1502  for imaging the uterus, and a connection hub  1508  attached to a proximal end region  1510  of the cannula  1502 . The endoscopic device  1500  further includes a display  1512  for viewing images acquired by the imaging system  1504  and a handle  1514  that extends from the display  1512 . The cannula  1502 , the imaging system  1504 , and the connection hub  1508  together form a single-use portion  1516  of the endoscopic device  1500  that is designed to be disposed of following an examination of a uterus of a single patient. The single-use portion  1516  can be provided in a sealed, sterile package that can be stored until a time of use. The display  1512  and the handle  1514  together form a reusable portion  1518  of the endoscopic device  1500  that is designed to be attached to and detached from several single-use portions  1516  to respectively examine multiple uteruses of patients. The reusable portion  1518  is sterilized (e.g., cleaned and disinfected) following examination of each uterus of a patient (e.g., prior to examining a next uterus of another patient). Referring to  FIGS. 1-4 , the cannula  1502  is an elongate, generally tubular member that is sized to pass through a cervix into a uterus. The cannula  1502  includes a shaft  1520  and a cap  1526  that secures the imaging system  1504  to the distal tip  1506  of the shaft  1520 . The shaft  1520  includes a major portion  1530  with a central axis that defines a primary axis  1522  of the cannula  1502 , the distal tip  1506 , and a distal bend  1524  that connects the major portion  1530  to the distal tip  1506 . The shaft  1520  defines a lumen  1528  that houses one or more electrical cables of the imaging system  1504 , that allows for passage of fluids between the distal tip  1506  and the connection hub  1508 , and that allows for passage of a working tool extending distally from connection hub  1508 . The shaft  1520  further defines a sidewall opening along a proximal end region  1510  through which fluid can be delivered to the lumen  1528  or withdrawn (e.g., suctioned) from the lumen  1528 . 
     The cap  1526  of the cannula  1502  is secured to the distal tip  1506  of the shaft  1520  and defines multiple openings, as shown in  FIG. 4 . The openings include a luminal opening  1532  (e.g., a forward facing fluid port) through which fluids and uterine tissue (e.g., endometrial tissue) can enter and exit the lumen  1528  of the shaft  1520 , two lateral openings  1534 ,  1536  in which light emitting diodes (LEDs)  1538  of the imaging system  1504  are disposed, and a recessed opening  1540  in which a camera  1542  of the imaging system  1504  is disposed. An overhanging edge  1578  of the cap  1526  acts as a lens hood that shields light from directly impinging on the LEDs  1538  and from entering an aperture of the camera  1542 . 
     The luminal opening  1532  allows fluid (e.g., a saline solution, a hypotonic solution, or an isotonic fluid) to exit the distal tip  1506  to flow into the uterus and to push tissue or other particulate matter away from the camera  1542  so as to improve a quality of images acquired by the camera  1542 . For example, the luminal opening  1532  can be useful in clearing away tissue debris that may collect on the distal tip  1506  and otherwise impair imaging due to an overly bright appearance of the debris as light reflects from the debris. In some cases, the luminal opening  1532  can also facilitate insertion of the cannula  1502 , as fluid exiting the luminal opening  1532  may lubricate and partially distend tissues surrounding the distal tip  1506 . In this manner, the luminal opening  1532  can reduce a risk of accidental damage to the vaginal cavity, to the cervix, or to the uterus during insertion of the cannula  1502  into the patient. The luminal opening  1532  is sized to permit passage of a  5  French biopsy tool. For example, the luminal opening  1532  typically has a cross-sectional area of about 0.03 cm 2  to about 0.05 cm 2  and is about 50% to about 80% of a cross-sectional area of the lumen  1528 , itself. 
     The cannula  1502  typically has a total length (e.g., as measured along the primary axis  1522 ) of about 30.0 cm to about 34.0 cm (e.g., about 32.0 cm). The proximal end region  1510  of the cannula  1502  (e.g., the portion of the cannula  1502  that is disposed within the connection hub  1508 ) typically has a length of about 4.0 cm to about 4.6 cm (e.g., about 4.3 cm), such that a remaining portion of the cannula  1502  extends distally from the connection hub  1508  and is therefore exposed for insertion into the patient. The distal bend  1524  typically has a radius of about 2.5 cm to about 7.5 cm (e.g., about 5.0 cm). The shaft  1520  typically has a wall thickness of about 0.03 cm to about 0.05 cm (e.g., about 0.04 cm) and an inner diameter (e.g., a luminal diameter) of about 0.34 cm to about 0.36 cm (e.g., about 0.35 cm). 
     The shaft  1520  is typically made of one or more materials that are flexible enough to allow the cannula  1502  to bend by a small amount to be appropriately placed within the patient as desired, yet stiff enough to permit easy insertion into the vaginal canal. Example materials from which the shaft  1520  is typically made include nylon, polysulfone, and polyether ether ketone (PEEK). The cannula  1502  is typically manufactured primarily via extrusion and via secondary processes that may include one or more of punching, laser cutting, forming, and/or printing. The cap  1526  is typically made of one or more materials including liquid crystal polymer (LCP) and is typically secured to the distal tip  1506  of the shaft  1520  via adhesive. The cannula  1502  further includes ruled markings  1541  that indicate distances from a distal end  1543  of the cannula  1502 . The ruled markings  1541  can be viewed by a user during a laparoscopic procedure to determine a depth to which the cannula  1502  has been inserted into the patient. The ruled markings  1541  may be provided in metric units or English units or provided as a dimensionless scale. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 5-8 , the connection hub  1508  surrounds the proximal end region  1510  of the cannula  1502  and serves as a mounting piece for the reusable display  1512 . The connection hub  1508  also provides several features for fluid and electrical communication between the proximal end region  1510  of the cannula  1502  and the distal tip  1506  of the cannula  1502 . For example, the connection hub  1508  includes a housing  1546 , a camera actuator  1548  (e.g., providing two opposite push buttons  1576 ), a fluid port  1550  located adjacent the proximal end region  1510  of the cannula  1502 , an entry port disposed at a proximal opening  1558  of the housing  1546 , and a straight operative conduit  1556  that extends from the proximal end region  1510  of the cannula  1502  to the entry port. 
     The housing  1546  is generally axially aligned with the primary axis  1522  of the cannula  1502  and has a generally curved profile that is laterally symmetric. The housing  1546  defines a distal opening  1562  through which the cannula  1502  passes, an opening  1554  to which the fluid port is secured, the proximal opening  1558 , and a horizontally oriented upper connection port  1560  (e.g., a micro HDMI port or another type of port) to which the display  1512  or a display cable can be connected. In this regard, the connection hub  1508  also includes electrical components that communicate the camera actuator  1548  with the connection port  1560 . The connection port  1560  defines opposite, elongate flanges  1531  that can be engaged with the display  1512  to secure the display  1512  to the connection hub  1508 . The housing  1546  further defines additional internal wall features (e.g., flanges, openings, brackets, tabs, channels etc.) that properly position the fluid port  1550 , the camera actuator  1548 , the connection port  1560 , and the entry port  1552 . 
     A distal portion  1566  of the housing  1546  provides fluid communication between the distal tip  106  of the cannula  1502 ) and the fluid port  1550  and provides fluid communication between the distal tip  106  and the operative conduit  1556  (e.g., for further fluid communication to the entry port). The distal portion  1566  of the housing  1546  further provides electrical communication between the distal tip  106  of the cannula  102  (and the camera actuator  1548 , and between the distal tip  106  and the display  1512  (e.g., via the connection port  1560 ). 
     A proximal portion  1568  of the housing  1546  provides a grip  1574  that can be used to manipulate the endoscopic device  1500 , and the handle  1514  is pivotable with respect to the proximal portion  1568 . Referring particularly to  FIG. 8 , the handle  1514  defines a circular protrusion  1545  by which the handle  1514  can rotate with respect to the proximal portion  1568  and a polygonal protrusion  1547  by which a position of the handle  1514  can be locked with respect to the proximal portion  1568 . Referring particularly to  FIG. 7 , the proximal portion  1568  of the housing  1546  defines a circular recess  1549  that is sized to receive the circular protrusion  1545  to allow the handle  1514  to pivot with respect to the proximal portion  1568 . The proximal portion  1568  further defines a polygonal recess  1551  by which the handle  1514  can be locked in an in-line configuration (e.g., a “pencil-grip” configuration) and a polygonal recess  1553  by which the handle  1514  can be locked in an off-axis configuration (e.g., a “pistol grip” configuration in which the handle  1514  is oriented antiparallel to the connection hub  1508 ), as illustrated in  FIGS. 2 and 3 , and as will be discussed in more detail below. 
     The housing  1546  of the connection hub  1508  typically has a length (e.g., as measured along the primary axis  1522  of the cannula  1502 ) of about 10 cm to about 20 cm (e.g., about 15 cm) and a maximum width of about 20 cm to about 30 cm (e.g., about 25 cm). The proximal portion  1568  of the housing  1546  (e.g., excluding the grip  1574 ) typically has a width of about 1.4 cm to about 1.8 cm (e.g., about 1.6 cm). The housing  1546  is typically made of one or more materials, such as ABS, polycarbonate, and copolyester, and is typically manufactured via injection molding. 
     The imaging system  1504  includes the camera  1542 , LEDs  1538  located on opposite sides of the camera  1542  to evenly illuminate surrounding tissues for image acquisition, the camera actuator  1548 , one or more electrical cables (e.g., one or more video and control cables, not shown) that extend from the camera and the LEDs to the camera actuator  1548  and to the connection port  1560 , and other electrical components that provide electrical communication amongst the various components of the imaging system  1504  and the connection port  1560 . 
     In some embodiments, the one or more electrical cables extend through the lumen  1528  of the cannula  1502 . In some embodiments, the one or more electrical cables extend within channels in a sidewall of the cannula  1502 . In some embodiments, the imaging system  1504  includes a flex circuit member to carry the electrical communications instead of one or more electrical cables. The push buttons  1576  are flexible components that may be formed from an overmolded elastomer such that when either or both of the push buttons  1576  are depressed, the push buttons  1576  temporarily move internal components of the camera actuator to  1548  to initiate image capture. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 9-11 , the display  1512  includes a housing  1580 , a screen  1582 , a power button  1584  located along an upper rear surface of the display  1512 , internal electronics  1586 , an electrical connector  1588  (e.g., a micro HDMI connector or another type of connector) that mates with the connection port  1560  of the connection hub  1508  to relay signals between the imaging system  1504  and the internal electronics  1586 , and a round metal plate  1590 . The metal plate  1590  is designed to be supported by or otherwise interface with a magnet and/or a flexible accessory arm when the display  1512  is decoupled from the single-use portion  1516  of the endoscopic device  1500 . 
     The display  1512  further includes an attachment piece  1533  that defines a slot  1535  at which the display  1512  can be slid proximally to be attached to the connection hub  1508  along the flanges  1531  of the connection port  1560  and at which the display  1512  can be slid distally from the flanges  1531  to disassemble the display  1512  from the connection hub  1508 . The slot  1535  typically has a maximum width of about 10 cm to about 30 cm (e.g., about 20 cm) for proper frictional mating with the flanges  1531  of the connection port  1560 . The attachment piece  1533  further defines opposite channels  1537  that are complementary to and that contact edges  1539  of the handle  1514  when the display  1512  is secured to the connection hub  1508 . 
     The housing  1580  of the display  1512  typically has a length of about 11 cm to about 15 cm (e.g., about 13 cm), a width of about 7 cm to about 9 cm (e.g., about 8 cm), and a height of about 2 cm to about 4 cm (e.g., about 3 cm). Referring particularly to  FIG. 3 , the display  1512  is typically oriented at an angle of about 80° to about 100° (e.g., about 90°) with respect to the connection hub  1508 , as measured between the primary axis  122  of the cannula  1502  and a central axis  1598  of the display  1512 . The housing  1580  of the display  1512  is typically manufactured via injection molding. The display  1512  typically has a weight of about 0.2 kg to about 0.3 kg. 
     The internal electronics  1586  are programmed or otherwise configured to process or manipulate data acquired by the camera, to generate GUIs displayed on the screen  1582 , to transmit data via a wired connection between the display  1512  and the imaging system  1504 , to transmit data wirelessly between the display  1512  and other devices (e.g., a computer, a smart phone, or a tablet) that are not mechanically connected to the endoscopic device  1500 , to power the endoscopic device on and off, and to implement various user-selected settings of the endoscopic device  1500 . The internal electronics  1586  include a microprocessor  1571 , a printed circuit board (PCB)  1573 , an internet service provider (ISP)  1575 , a WiFi module  1577 , a battery management circuit, a current monitor circuit, an on board memory  1579  (e.g., non-volatile storage memory), a universal serial bus (USB) interface  1581 , and a rechargeable battery  1583  with a charging capacity of about 1400 mAh needed to carry out the functionality of the imaging system  1504  and other features of the endoscopic device  1500 . 
     The electrical connecter (omitted from the figures for clarity) serves multiple purposes, including video-out to an external display, connector to an AC adapter for charging the rechargeable battery, and/or as a port to a host PC for downloading and uploading images, video and/or settings, as well as for charging the rechargeable battery. The on board memory is used to accept flash memory cards used to store images, video and/or settings for the endoscopic device  1500 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 2 and 6 , the handle  1514  defines a gripping portion  1592  by which the handle  1514  can be grasped to be pivoted towards the connection hub  1508  to an in-line configuration (shown in  FIG. 6 ) in which the handle  1514  is oriented and stowed in-line with the connection hub  1508 . The gripping portion  1592  defines a channel  1596  that surrounds the proximal portion  1568  of the connection hub  1508  when the handle  1514  is oriented in the in-line configuration. In addition to the gripping portion  1592 , the handle  1514  also defines two opposite tabs  1561  that define the protrusions  1547  that snap into the recesses  1551  disposed along the proximal portion  1568  of the connection hub  1508  to maintain the handle  1514  in the in-line configuration. The tabs  1561  include respective protrusions  1565  that prevent the display  1512  from being slid along the connection port  1560  to be attached to the connection hub  1508  when the handle  1514  is oriented in the in-line configuration (e.g., the protrusions  1565  provide an obstruction to movement of the display  1512 ). Accordingly, the tabs  1561  prevent the display  1512  from being attached to the reusable portion  1516  of the endoscopic device  1500  in a configuration in which the display  1512  may not be stably balanced on the connection hub  1508  and in which a user&#39;s hand (e.g., grasping the handle  1514  would obstruct a view of the display screen  1582 . 
     The handle  1514  can also be pivoted from the in-line configuration to an off-axis configuration (shown in  FIG. 6 ) in which the handle  1514  is oriented an angle of about 90° to about 100° (e.g., about 95°) with respect to the connection hub  1508  (shown in  FIG. 2 ) to provide a pistol-type grip. When the handle  1514  is in the off-axis configuration, the display  1512  can be slid along the connection port  1560  to be attached to the connection hub  1508 . The channels  1537  of the attachment piece  1533  are in contact with the edges  1539  along the tabs  1561  of the handle  1514  when the display  1512  is attached to the connection hub  1508 . 
     To adjust the handle  1514  between the in-line configuration and the off-axis configuration, the force applied to the gripping portion  1592  of the handle  1514  must be high enough to push the protrusions  1547  of the tabs  1561  out of the recesses  1551  or the recesses  1553  along the connection hub  1508 . The handle  1514  is accordingly made of one or more materials (e.g., including polycarbonate, copolyester, and ABS) that allow the tabs  1561  to flex with respect to the recesses  1551 ,  1553 , as well as that can chemically withstand various sterilization solutions and procedures. The handle  1514  has a length of about 7 cm to about 12 cm (e.g., about 9 cm) and a width of about 1 cm to about 3 cm (e.g., about 2 cm). The single-use portion  1516  of the endoscopic device  1500  (e.g., including the cannula  1502 , the imaging system  1504 , the connection hub  1508 , and the handle  1514 ) typically has a weight of about 0.2 kg to about 0.4 kg. 
     The display  1512  can be attached to the connection hub  1508  prior to inserting the cannula  1502  into the patient, the display  1512  can be unattached to (e.g., and in wireless communication with) the connection hub  1508  while the cannula  1502  is inserted into the patient (e.g., with the handle  1514  in the in-line configuration), or the display  1512  can be connected to the connection hub  1508  at the connection port  1560  by a display cable prior to inserting the cannula  1502  into the patient (e.g., with the handle  1514  in the in-line configuration). Referring again to  FIG. 2 , to attach the display  1512  to the connection hub  1508 , the display  1512  is placed near the proximal portion  1568  and moved proximally to slide the slot  1535  onto the flanges  1531  of the connection hub  1508  until the electrical connector  1588  mates with the connection port  1560 . The display  1512  is held in place on the flanges  1531  by a frictional fit. To disconnect the display  1512  from the connection hub  1508 , the display  1512  is pulled distally relative to the connection hub  1560  to move the slot  1535  off of the flanges  1531 . 
       FIGS. 12-14  illustrate a docking station  1600  to which the display  1512  of the endoscopic device  1500  can be mounted for charging and data transfer. The docking station  1600  includes a connection port  1602  (e.g., a micro HDMI port) that can be connected to the electrical connector  1588  of the display  1512 , a mount  1604  that guides proper positioning of the display  1512  on the docking station  1600  (e.g., the attachment piece  1533  of the display  1512  can be slid along the mount  1604  towards the connection port  1602 ), a connection port  1606  to which a cable can be connected to transfer data from the display  1512  to another electronic or computing device, a power connector  1608  to which a power cable can be connected to the docking station  1600 , and a housing  1610  that encloses internal electronics. The docking station  1600  typically has a length of about 9 cm to about 13 cm (e.g., about 11 cm), a width of about 9 cm to about 13 cm (e.g., about 11 cm), and a total height of about 3 cm to about 5 cm (e.g., about 4 cm). Example materials from which the housing  1610  may be made include ABS, polycarbonate, and copolyester. The docking station  1600  typically has a weight in a range of about 0.15 kg to about 0.25 kg. 
     As discussed above, the display  1512  may supported by or otherwise interfaced at the metal plate  1590  with an accessory component when the display  1512  is decoupled from the single-use portion  1516  of the endoscopic device  1500 . Example accessory components include a rigid or flexible arm designed to attach to the display  1512  and a cable permitting the display  1512  to be positioned separately from the single-use portion  1516  of the endoscopic device  1500  while remaining functionally connected to the single-use portion  1516 . 
     An endoscopic device may be substantially similar in construction and function in several aspects to the endoscopic device  1500  discussed above, but can include an alternative cannula instead of the cannula  1502 . In some embodiments, the cannula may have two configurations such that the cannula is steerable. For example, the cannula may have a straight configuration or a bent configuration. Such steerable configurations can allow a user (e.g., a clinician) to manipulate a distal end of the cannula to observe intrauterine anatomy without manipulating the entire cannula body to achieve visualization of a desired area. 
       FIGS. 15-25  illustrate examples of cannulas  101 ,  201 ,  301 ,  401 , and  501  that are elongate, generally tubular members that can have a straight configuration or a bent configuration and are sized to pass through a cervix and into a uterus of a patient. The cannulas  101 ,  201 ,  301 ,  401 ,  501  are respectively part of endoscopic devices  100 ,  200 ,  300 ,  400 ,  500  that otherwise include the connection hub  1508  or a similar connection hub, the handle  1514  or a similar handle, the display  1512  or a similar display, and an imaging system. The imaging system is substantially similar in construction and function to the imaging system  1504  and accordingly includes the camera  1542  and one or more of the LEDs, except that a positioning of the camera  1542  and any LEDs along the distal tip may be different. In some embodiments the cannulas  101 ,  201 ,  301 ,  401 , and  501  are adjustable between the straight configuration and the bent configuration. The shafts  103 ,  202 ,  302 ,  402 , and  502  define a lumen (e.g., the lumen  108  of cannula  101 ) that houses one or more electrical cables of the imaging system  1504  and that allows for passage of fluids between the distal tip  113  and the connection hub  1408 . In some embodiments, the lumen allows for passage of a working tool extending distally from connection hub  1408 . 
     Cannulas  101 ,  201 ,  301 ,  401 , and  501  include elongate shafts  103 ,  202 ,  302 ,  402 , and  502 , respectively. That is, cannula  101  includes an elongate shaft  103 , cannula  201  includes an elongate shaft  202 , cannula  301  includes an elongate shaft  302 , cannula  401  includes an elongate shaft  402 , and cannula  501  includes an elongate shaft  502 . Elongate shafts  103 ,  202 ,  302 ,  402 , and  502  include a distal end portion sized for insertion in a body cavity (e.g., a vaginal cavity or a uterus). Cannulas  103 ,  202 ,  302 ,  402 , and  502  include the camera  1542  and one or more LEDs  1538  (shown in  FIG. 4 ) of the imaging system and are secured to the distal end portion of elongate shafts  103 ,  202 ,  302 ,  402 , and  502 . The camera  1542  can be used for viewing the body cavity (e.g., a vaginal cavity or a uterus). The distal end portion can be adjustable between a straight configuration and a bent configuration. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 15-20 , each of cannulas  101 ,  201 , and  301  include a sheath  111  or a sheath  310 . The sheaths  111  and  310  define an interior region for receiving the elongate shafts  103 ,  202 , and  302 . The sheaths  111  and  310  coaxially surround the elongate shafts  103 ,  202 , and  302 . The sheaths  111  and  310  are slidable along the elongate shafts  103 ,  202 , and  302  to adjust the elongate shafts  103 ,  202 , and  302  between the straight configuration and the bent configuration. For example, the sheath can be used to uncurl the distal end portion when in a bent configuration. Sheaths  111  and  310  can be further used to direct the camera  1542  disposed at the distal tip  113 ,  213 ,  313  to a desired location within a uterus of a patient. 
     Referring particularly to  FIGS. 15 and 16 , cannula  101  includes an elongate shaft  103  having a distal end portion  105 . The distal end portion  105  of the elongate shaft  103  can be adjustable between a straight configuration, as shown in  FIG. 15 , and a bent configuration, as shown in  FIG. 16 . The distal end portion  105  of the elongate shaft  103  includes one or more relief cuts  107  that generate the bent configuration shown in  FIG. 16 . For example, the one or more relief cuts  107  cause the distal end portion  105  to bend or curl. The one or more relief cuts  107  typically have an axial width of about 0.5 to about 2.0 mm. The distal portion  105  typically has a diameter of about 3.0 to about 0.5 mm, and the elongate shaft  103  typically has an outer diameter of about 2.5 to about 4.5 mm. In some embodiments, elongate shaft  103  includes a total of 4 to 8 relief cuts  107 . In some embodiments, the one or more relief cuts  107  may be embodied as slits, notches, or kerfs made by a cutting tool in order to facilitate bending of the elongate shaft  103 . In some embodiments, the elongate shaft  103  is made of a flexible material. 
     In some embodiments, the bent configuration caused by the one or more relief cuts  107  may be the natural or trained shape of the distal end portion  105  of the elongate shaft  103 . In other words, no force may be required to be applied to the distal end portion  105  in order to generate the bent configuration. In other examples, the elongate shaft  103  can be made of a flexible material whose natural or trained shape is curled. In some embodiments, a natural or trained shape of the distal end portion  105  of the elongate shaft  103  provides the bent configuration. In some embodiments, the distal end portion  105  of the elongate shaft  103  can curve at an angle  115  of about 1 degree to about 45 degrees when in the bent configuration. 
     The sheath  111  is slidable along the elongate shaft  103  to adjust the elongate shaft  103  between the straight configuration and the bent configuration. In some embodiments, sheath  111  is a rigid sheath. In some embodiments, sheath  111  is a semi-rigid sheath. Example materials from which the sheath  111  is typically made include, but are not limited to polycarbonate, polypropylene, and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). In some embodiments, an endoscopic device that is otherwise similar to the endoscopic device  100  may include a shaft that does not allow passage of an operative instrument. The lumen  108  of shaft  103  typically has a diameter of about 3.0 to about 5.0 mm. 
     Referring particularly to  FIGS. 17 and 18 , cannula  201  includes an elongate shaft  202  having a distal end portion  204  and the sheath  111  (illustrated in  FIGS. 15 and 16 ). The distal end portion  204  of the elongate shaft  202  can be adjustable between a straight configuration, as shown in  FIG. 17 , and a bent configuration, as shown in  FIG. 18 . The distal end portion  204  of the elongate shaft  202  includes one or more relief cuts  206  that generate the bent configuration shown in  FIG. 18 . For example, the one or more relief cuts  206  cause the distal end portion  204  to bend or curl. The one or more relief cuts  206  typically have an axial width of about 0.5 to about 2.0 mm. The distal end portion  204  typically has a diameter of about 3.0 to about 5.0 mm, and the elongate shaft  202  typically has an outer diameter of about 2.5 to about 5.0 mm. In some embodiments, elongate shaft  202  includes a total of 4 to 8 relief cuts  206 . In some embodiments, the one or more relief cuts  206  may be embodied as slits, notches, or kerfs made by a cutting tool in order to facilitate bending of the elongate shaft  202 . 
     In some embodiments, the bent configuration caused by the one or more relief cuts  206  may be the natural or trained shape of the distal end portion  204  of the elongate shaft  202 . In other words, no force may be required to be applied to the distal end portion  204  in order to generate the bent configuration. In other examples, the elongate shaft  202  can be made of a flexible material whose natural or trained shape is curled. In some embodiments, a natural or trained shape of the distal end portion  204  of the elongate shaft  202  provides the bent configuration. In some embodiments, the distal end portion  204  of the elongate shaft  202  can curve at an angle  115  of about 1 degree to about 45 degrees when in the bent configuration. The sheath  111  (shown in  FIGS. 15 and 16 ) is slidable along the elongate shaft  202  to adjust the elongate shaft  202  between the straight configuration and the bent configuration. 
     In some embodiments, the shaft  202  defines a lumen  208  that is configured to allow passage of an operative instrument  220  from a proximal end of the elongate shaft  202  through the distal end portion  204  of the elongate shaft  202 . In some embodiments, the shaft  202  is a semi-rigid shaft. In some embodiments, the operative instrument  220  provides additional stability during steering of the distal end portion  204 . The lumen  208  of shaft  202  typically has a diameter of about 3.0 to about 5.0 mm. In some embodiments, lumen  208  houses one or more electrical cables of the imaging system  1504  and allows for passage of fluids between the distal tip  313  and the connection hub  1508 . 
     Referring particularly to  FIGS. 19 and 20 , cannula  301  includes an elongate shaft  302  having a distal end portion  304 . The distal end portion  304  of the elongate shaft  302  can be adjustable between a straight configuration, as shown in  FIG. 19 , and a bent configuration, as shown in  FIG. 20 . The elongate shaft  302  defines a lumen  308 . The lumen  308  of elongate shaft  308  typically has a diameter of about 3.0 to about 5.0 mm. In some embodiments, lumen  308  is configured to allow passage of an operative instrument from a proximal end of the elongate shaft  402  through the distal end portion  404  of the elongate shaft  402 . In some embodiments, lumen  308  houses one or more electrical cables of the imaging system  1504  and allows for passage of fluids between the distal tip  313  and the connection hub  1508 . In some embodiments, lumen  308  allows for passage of a working tool extending distally from connection hub  1508 . 
     The elongate shaft  302  is made from a memory alloy material that can be trained to “remember” the bent configuration. The distal end portion  304  of the elongate shaft  302  can transition between the straight and bent configurations in response to a temperature change of the memory alloy material. An example material from which the elongate shaft  302  is typically made includes, but is not limited to nickel-titanium alloy (nitinol). Other non-limiting example materials include copper-aluminum-nickel, iron-manganese-silicon (FE—Mn—Si), and copper-zinc-aluminum (Cu—Zn—Al). 
     In some embodiments, the elongate shaft  302  has a one-way shape-memory effect. A memory alloy material exhibits a one-way shape-memory effect when its original shape is changed to a second shape (e.g., a bent or stretched shape) in a cold state and holds this second shape until heated above a transition temperature. Upon heating, the second shape changes back to the original shape and once the memory alloy material cools again, the material retains the original shape. For example, the distal end portion  304  of elongate shaft  302  has a bent configuration in a cold state at a first temperature (e.g., room temperature or about 25 degrees Celsius) and can be straightened into the straight configuration in the cold state. Then, upon an increase in temperature above a transition temperature (e.g., a second temperature), the straight configuration can change back to the bent configuration, which is retained upon cooling from the second temperature to the first temperature. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the distal end portion  304  of elongate shaft  302  has a straight configuration in a cold state at a first temperature (e.g., room temperature or about 25 degrees Celsius) and can be bent into the bent configuration in the cold state. Then, upon an increase in temperature above a transition temperature (e.g., a second temperature), the bent configuration can change back to the straight configuration, which is retained upon cooling from the second temperature to the first temperature. 
     In some embodiments, the elongate shaft  302  has a two-way shape-memory effect. A memory alloy material exhibits a two-way shape-memory effect when the memory alloy material “remembers” two different shapes: one at a relatively low temperature and one at a relatively high temperature. For example, the distal end portion  304  of elongate shaft  302  having a two-way shape-memory effect can have a straight configuration in a cold state at a first temperature (e.g., room temperature or about 25 degrees Celsius). Then, upon an increase in temperature above a transition temperature (e.g., a second temperature), the straight configuration can change to a pre-determined bent configuration. Finally, upon a decrease in temperature (i.e., from the second temperature to the first temperature), the bent configuration can change into the original, straight configuration. Thus, both configurations can be “remembered” at both the first and second temperatures by the memory alloy material. Alternatively, the elongate shaft  302  can exhibit the same two-way shape-memory effect but instead can have a bent configuration in the cold state and change to a straight configuration in a hot state, above a transition temperature. The first temperature typically ranges from about −190 to about 200° C. The second temperature typically ranges from about −190 to about 200° C. The transition temperature can typically range from about −190 to about 200° C. 
     In some embodiments, the distal end portion  304  of the elongate shaft  302  can have a bent configuration in the shape of a pig tail, a hook, a spiral, a curve, a loop, or a coil. In some embodiments, the distal end portion  304  of the elongate shaft  302  can curve at an angle  115  of about 1 degree to about 45 degrees when in the bent configuration. 
     In some embodiments, the distal end portion  304  of the elongate shaft  302  can be trained for memory in more than one shape. For example, the distal end portion  304  of the elongate shaft  302  can have a straight configuration, a first bent configuration, and a second bent configuration. Furthermore, the user (e.g., the clinician) can select any configuration by varying the temperature of the alloy. For example, the user may expose the elongate shaft  302  to a first temperature to select the first bent configuration. Similarly, the user may expose the elongate shaft  302  to a second temperature to select the second bent configuration. The cannula  301  may further include a heating element and/or a cooling element, a temperature sensor, and a temperature display (omitted from the figures) that enables the user to control the temperature of the elongate shaft  302  thereby controlling the desired shaft configuration. Once in a bent configuration, sheath  310  can be slid over the distal end portion  304  of the elongate shaft  302  to control angle  115  thereby controlling the direction of the camera  1542  (shown in  FIG. 4 ) disposed at the distal end portion  304 . Sheath  301  can be slid distally or proximally, with respect to the user, as needed, in order to adjust angle  115 . 
     Referring particularly to  FIGS. 21 and 22 , cannula  401  includes an elongate shaft  402  having a distal end portion  404 . The distal end portion  404  of the elongate shaft  402  can be adjustable between a straight configuration, as shown in  FIG. 21 , and a bent configuration, as shown in  FIG. 22 . The distal end portion  404  of the elongate shaft  402  is made of a bendable plastic that generates the bent configuration shown in  FIG. 22 . A user can create a desired shape or bend by manipulating or bending the distal end portion  404  of the elongate shaft  402 . The user can manipulate or bend the distal end portion  404  of the elongate shaft  402  to direct the camera  1542  (shown in  FIG. 4 ) disposed at the distal end portion  404  for better visualization of intrauterine anatomy. For example, the user can manipulate or bend the distal end portion  404  prior to insertion into a body cavity (e.g., a uterus of a patient), retrieve and adjust the angle  115 , and re-insert the cannula  401  if needed to obtain a better image when viewing the body cavity. In some embodiments, the distal end portion  404  of the elongate shaft  402  can curve at an angle  115  of about 1 degree to about 45 degrees with respect to the x- and y-axes, when in the bent configuration. Example bendable plastics from which the distal end portion  404  of the elongate shaft  402  is typically made include, but are not limited to polypropylene and ABS. In some embodiments, the elongate shaft  402  is made of a bendable plastic. 
     In some embodiments, the shaft  402  defines a lumen that is configured to allow passage of an operative instrument from a proximal end of the elongate shaft  402  through the distal end portion  404  of the elongate shaft  402 . In some embodiments, the shaft  402  is a semi-rigid shaft. In some embodiments, the shaft  402  provides stability during steering of the distal end portion  404 . The lumen of shaft  402  typically has a diameter of about 3.0 to about 5.0 mm. 
     Referring particularly to  FIGS. 23, 24, and 25 , cannula  501  includes an elongate shaft  502  having a distal end portion  504 . The distal end portion  504  of the elongate shaft  502  can be adjustable between a straight configuration, as shown in  FIG. 23 , and a bent configuration, as shown in  FIG. 25 . The shaft  502  defines a first lumen  508  having a crescent shape and a second lumen  514  having a circular cross-sectional shape, as shown in  FIG. 24 . The first lumen  508  can allow passage of an operative instrument from a proximal end of the elongate shaft  402  through the distal end portion  404  of the elongate shaft  402 , can house one or more electrical cables of the imaging system  1504 , and can allows for passage of fluids between the distal tip  113  and the connection hub. The first lumen  508  of shaft  502  typically has a crescent-shaped cross-sectional area of about 8 to about 12 mm 2 . The first lumen  508  of shaft  502  typically has a crescent-shaped cross-sectional area sized about 60% to about 80% of a circular cross-sectional area of the second lumen  514 . 
     Cannula  501  further includes a malleable metal rod  512  disposed within the second lumen  514  defined by the elongate shaft  502 . The second lumen  514  of shaft  504  typically has a circular-shaped cross-sectional area of about 1.0 to about 2.5 mm. The second lumen  514  of shaft  502  typically has a circular-shaped cross-sectional area sized about 40% to about 20% of the crescent-shaped cross-sectional area of the first lumen  508 . The malleable metal rod  512  is configured to adjust the distal end portion  504  of the elongate shaft  502  into the straight configuration or the bent configuration. The malleable metal rod  512  typically has a diameter of about 1.0 to about 3.0. Example metals from which the malleable metal rod  512  typically made include, but are not limited to stainless steel. 
     A user can create a desired shape or bend by manipulating bending the distal end portion  504  of the elongate shaft  502 . For example,  FIG. 25  shows the distal end portion  504  of the elongate shaft  502  having a hook shape in the bent configuration. In some embodiments, the distal end portion  504  of the elongate shaft  502  can have a bent configuration in the shape of a pig tail, a spiral, a curve, a loop, or a coil. The number of configurations and shapes of the distal end portion  504  of the elongate shaft  502  are not limited to the aforementioned shapes as the user can manipulate or bend the elongate shaft  502 . The user can manipulate the distal end portion  504  of the elongate shaft  502  to direct the camera  1542  disposed at the distal end portion  504  for better visualization of intrauterine anatomy. For example, the user can bend the distal end portion  504  prior to insertion into a body cavity (e.g., a uterus of a patient), retrieve and adjust the shape or bend, and re-insert the cannula  501  if needed to obtain a better image when viewing the body cavity. 
       FIG. 26  illustrates the cannula  201  of the endoscopic device  200  within a uterine cavity  117  of a patient during an endoscopic procedure (e.g., a hysteroscopic procedure). A clinician uses the handle  1514  (shown in  FIGS. 1-3 ) to insert an elongate shaft  103  of the endoscopic cannula  101  in a straight configuration into a body cavity (e.g., a cervix  109 ) of a patient. Therefore, the sheath  111  coaxially surrounds the distal end portion  105  of the endoscopic cannula  101  when the endoscopic cannula  101  is inserted into the cervix  109  of a patient. Furthermore, sheath  111  remains accessible to the user (e.g., a clinician) outside of the uterine cavity while the endoscopic cannula  101  is within a uterine cavity  117  of the patient. The clinician advances the endoscopic cannula  101  distally until the distal end portion  105  of the endoscopic cannula  101  is positioned at a desired location and at a desired orientation within a uterine cavity  117  of the patient. The clinician adjusts the distal end portion  105  of the elongate shaft  103  from a straight configuration to a bent configuration by sliding sheath  111  proximally along the elongate shaft  103  of the endoscopic cannula  101 . Thus, the bent configuration is provided with a natural or trained shape (e.g., a curved shape) at the distal end portion  105  of the elongate shaft  103 . 
     The clinician may further adjust the position and/or orientation the distal end portion  105  of the endoscopic cannula  101  by sliding the sheath  111  proximally or distally as needed along the elongate shaft  103 . The clinician may acquire an image of the body cavity (e.g., the cervix  109 ) of the patient by using the camera  1542  secured to the distal end portion  105  of the elongate shaft  103 . Once the clinician is ready to withdraw the endoscopic cannula  101 , the clinician adjusts the configuration of the distal end portion  105  of the endoscopic cannula  101  from a bent configuration to a straight configuration by sliding sheath  111  distally along the elongate shaft  103 . Next, the clinician proceeds to withdraw the cannula  101  in the straight configuration. 
     Alternatively, in some embodiments, the clinician may change the configuration of the distal end portion  105  of the endoscopic cannula  101  from a straight configuration to a bent configuration prior to insertion into the cervix  109  of the patient. For example, the clinician may bend the distal end portion  105  of the elongate shaft  103  at one or more relief cuts  107  of the elongate shaft  103 . 
     In some cases (as in the example of  FIGS. 26-30 ), the clinician views an abnormality  119 , such as an endometrial lesion, a uterine fibroid (e.g., a myoma), a uterine polyp, a cancerous tumor, an adhesion, a hyperplastic growth (or, in some cases, another anatomical feature of interest, such as a healthy-appearing tissue disposed near a region of interest) within the uterine cavity  117  via a video stream or via one or more images captured by the endoscopic cannula  101  and displayed on a monitor of the handset. Upon viewing the abnormality  119 , the clinician may decide to perform an operation (e.g., a biopsy procedure, a polypectomy, an excision, or a cautery) within the uterine cavity  117  to further examine or to treat the abnormality  119 . 
       FIG. 27  illustrates the cannula  201  of the endoscopic device  200  within a uterine cavity  117  of a patient. The clinician can adjust the configuration of the distal end portion  204  of the endoscopic cannula  201  from a straight configuration to a bent configuration by sliding sheath  210  proximally along the elongate shaft  202  of the endoscopic cannula  201 . The clinician may further adjust the position and/or orientation the distal end portion  204  of the endoscopic cannula  201  by sliding the sheath  210  proximally or distally as needed along the elongate shaft  202 . The clinician may further insert a working tool (e.g., an operative instrument) into a proximal end of the elongate shaft  202 , through a lumen of the elongate shaft  202 , and through the distal end portion  204  of the elongate shaft  202 . The clinician may manipulate the operative instrument to perform a surgery in the body cavity (e.g., the cervix  109 ) of a patient. 
     Once the clinician is ready to withdraw the endoscopic cannula  201 , the clinician adjusts the configuration of the distal end portion  204  of the endoscopic cannula  201  from a bent configuration to a straight configuration by sliding sheath  210  distally along the elongate shaft  202 . Alternatively, in some embodiments, the clinician may change the configuration of the distal end portion  204  of the endoscopic cannula  201  from a straight configuration to a bent configuration prior to insertion into the cervix  109  of the patient. 
       FIG. 28  illustrates the cannula  301  of the endoscopic device  300  within a uterine cavity  117  of a patient. The clinician can use the handle of the endoscopic device  300 , attached to the endoscopic cannula  301 , to insert the endoscopic cannula  301  made from a memory alloy material into a cervix  109  of a patient. The clinician may change the configuration of the distal end portion  304  of the endoscopic cannula  301  from a straight configuration to a bent configuration by changing the temperature of the elongate shaft  302  from a first temperature (e.g., room temperature or about 25 degrees Celsius) to a second temperature (e.g., body temperature or about 37 degrees Celsius). The clinician may further adjust the orientation and/or position of the distal end portion  304  of the endoscopic cannula  301  in a bent configuration by changing the temperature of the elongate shaft  302  from a second temperature (e.g., body temperature or about 37 degrees Celsius) to a third temperature. 
     Once the clinician is ready to withdraw the endoscopic cannula  301 , the clinician changes the temperature of the endoscopic cannula  301  from the second or third temperatures to the first temperature thereby changing the configuration of the distal end portion  304  of the endoscopic cannula  301  from a bent configuration to a straight configuration. Next, the clinician proceeds to withdraw the cannula  301  in the straight configuration. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the clinician may change the configuration of the distal end portion  304  of the endoscopic cannula  301  from a straight configuration to a bent configuration prior to insertion into the cervix  109  of the patient. 
     Referring to  FIG. 29 , illustrates the cannula  401  of the endoscopic device  400  within a uterine cavity  117  of a patient. The clinician can adjust the configuration of the distal end portion  404  of the endoscopic cannula  401  made from a bendable plastic from a straight configuration to a bent configuration prior to insertion into the cervix  109  of the patient. The clinician bends or manipulates the bendable distal end portion  404  of the elongate shaft  402  to create a desired shape and/or angle and proceeds to insert the endoscopic cannula  401  into the cervix  109  of the patient. 
       FIG. 30  illustrates the cannula  501  of the endoscopic device  500  within a uterine cavity  117  of a patient. The clinician can adjust the configuration of the distal end portion  504  of the endoscopic cannula  501 , encasing a malleable metal rod, from a straight configuration to a bent configuration prior to insertion into the cervix  109  of the patient. The clinician bends or manipulates the bendable distal end portion  504  of the elongate shaft  502  to create a desired shape and/or angle and proceeds to insert the endoscopic cannula  501  into the cervix  109  of the patient. 
     While the above-discussed endoscopic devices and cannulas have been described and illustrated as including certain dimensions, shapes, arrangements, configurations, and material formulations, and with respect to certain methods, in some embodiments, an endoscopic device or a cannula that is similar in construction and function to any of the above-discussed endoscopic devices or cannulas may include one or more dimensions, shapes, arrangements, configurations, and/or materials formulations that are different from the ones discussed above or may be used with respect to methods that are modified as compared to the methods described above. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims.