Patent Publication Number: US-2020294073-A1

Title: Platform for In-Memory Analysis of Network Data Applied to Logistics For Best Facility Recommendations with Current Market Information

Description:
BACKGROUND 
     Field of Invention 
     The present invention relates to pattern classification, and more particularly to determining the best facility to serve customers in a logistics network for a sales and operations planning process. 
     Background Description 
     In a sales and operations planning process, information about the best facility to serve customers in logistics network influences key decisions about marketing, sales, inventory, and product development. For a marketing example, the location of the best facility can determine the marketing theme for a campaign. In a sales example, financial information about best facility can improve an approach toward acquiring new customers. In an example of inventory management, specifications about the best facility can influence decisions about product mix. For a product development example, information about consumers in the surrounding area of the best facility can influence the selection of features and the prioritization of enhancements. 
     Sales and operations planning processes usually involve multiple systems including but not limited a customer relationship management system, a transportation management system, an enterprise central component system, and a campaign management system. Each system not only controls a functional part of the sales and operations planning process but also requires a uniform view of the market to support effective decisions. An in-memory architecture solution with an application programming interface provides the best solution for a distributed systems environment because it can acquire, analyze, and deliver information quickly and efficiently to multiple systems. 
     Traditional systems that produce logistics recommendations include a database, a user interface for input and visualization, shipment data, and contract freight rates maintained in data tables. In this regard, the normal methods include classification trees, k-means clustering, and other statistical methods. In addition to the previous methods, the system usually performs some type of aggregation method before the classification method wherein the results from the aggregation method are stored in a database table and used by the classification method in a subsequent stage of the process. 
     Although the traditional architecture provides a solution for localized systems, the database server architecture fails to deliver a solution for distributed environments that transfer data across interconnected systems. Furthermore, a closed system remains out of sync with a continuously changing market environment. According to David Marr&#39;s interview with Jorn Lyseggen, author of  Outside Insight: Navigating A World Drowning in Data , internal data includes “ . . . lagging performance indicators—you are seeing shadows of opportunities that you had in the past”. Thus, producing logistics recommendations with stored profile data not only restricts the users view of current possibilities but also enables weak conclusions about true market conditions. 
     Furthermore, the traditional method provides a solution for a simple business environment where shipment data and contract rate data alone are enough, it fails offer a solution for complex sales and operations environments where knowledge about real-time spot market freight rates and traffic data close to the environment where consumers transact business is just as important as knowledge about the historical shipments and contract rates. In addition to the previous failure, the method does not have the capacity to learn from new information and generate new possibilities based on updates. The traditional method is restricted to both the user&#39;s input and the static benchmark profiles that are prepared, loaded and maintained in a database. Without the capacity to generate new information from updates in the market, the method and its outcomes will fail to provide the user with the best information to make decisions in an intricate business environment. 
     SUMMARY 
     A platform for in-memory analysis of network data applied to logistics for determining the best facility to serve customers in logistics network with current market formation comprising data extractors to acquire current data from application programming interfaces (APIs) and file transfer protocol servers (FTPs), further comprising in-memory spatial objects to maintain data from the APIs and FTPs; a descriptive statistical module; a predictive module; in-memory spatial objects to maintain results from both the predictive module and the descriptive module; an unsupervised learning module configured to extract market features; an unsupervised learning module configured to produce best facility recommendations; in-memory spatial objects to maintain the best facility recommendations; a scheduling component; a controlling procedure that coordinates the activities of the aforementioned components in communication with the scheduling component; an API that delivers the results to other systems; and a visualization tool. 
     A method for harmonizing internal shipment network data with external spot market data including but not limited to fuel costs, shipper rate, total rate, and the trucker rate. 
     A method for descriptive statistical analysis comprising many measures including but not limited to the calculation of probabilities, minimums, maximums, and other statistical measures wherein calculation of probabilities further comprises the disaggregation of national data to state and local layers. 
     At least one, method for forecasting spot market freight rates, wherein projections further comprise relationships between the rates and other variables and the use of product price data to transform the projected spending value into a projected cost per unit. 
     A method for unsupervised learning comprising a stage for feature selection of logistics network conditions that influence freight rates and a stage that builds a topographic representation of the target logistics network segment and one or more external logistics network segments, wherein stage for feature selection further comprises data from local, state and national layers and wherein stage for topographic representation of target logistics network segment further comprises a mixture of rate projections in currency and quantity. 
     A computer readable program when executed causes the controlling procedure to execute the steps of acquiring new data from source APIs, harmonizing spatial logistics network data with a company&#39;s shipment and contract rate data, describing and disaggregating spatial logistics network data, forecasting spot market rates, learning the factors that influence freight rates, and forming a topographical representation of the best facility recommendations in each segment of the network. 
     These and other features and advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments thereof, which is to be read with the accompanying drawings. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a block/flow diagram showing a method for producing spatial logistics best facility recommendations with current market information in accordance with the present principles; 
         FIG. 2  is a block/flow diagram showing a system for producing spatial logistics best facility recommendations with current market information in accordance with the present principles; 
         FIG. 3  is a block/flow diagram showing a method for producing spatial logistics best facility recommendations with current market information based on descriptive analysis, statistical forecasting, and an unsupervised learning framework in accordance with the present principles; 
         FIG. 4  is a block/flow diagram showing a high-level overview of the data flow for producing spatial logistics best facility recommendations with current market information in accordance with the present principles; 
         FIG. 5  is a block/flow diagram showing a high-level overview of the data hierarchy for producing spatial logistics best facility recommendations with current market information in accordance with the present principles; 
         FIG. 6A  is a block/flow diagram of a visualization tool which shows a summary of the logistics best facility recommendation results in accordance with the present principles; and 
         FIG. 6B  is a block/flow diagram of a visualization tool which shows a dashboard with a table summary of the best facility features, a chart of best facility features and values, and a map of the spatial logistics best facility recommendations in accordance with present principles. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     A methodology for producing logistics best facility recommendations with current market conditions is provided according to the present principles. A visualization tool may also be provided for exploring the associations between cost and multiple market attributes. A method for classifying logistics network conditions to determine associations between cost and multiple market attributes within the context of a market area may include extracting data from multiple data sources, harmonizing data from multiple sources, describing logistics network features, forecasting spot market rates, selecting market features associated with freight cost, producing spatial logistics best facility recommendations, delivering the spatial logistics best facility recommendations to a visualization tool through an application programming interface, and visualizing the spatial logistics best facility recommendations. 
     An integrated spatial data model may be constructed at multiple levels of granularity for describing market conditions associated with freight cost. Features that may be employed for building the integrated spatial data model may include fuel cost, total freight rate, shipper rate, trucker rate, loads picking up, and loads dropping off. Thorough classifications and associations may be constructed from the integrated spatial model by using unsupervised learning algorithms (e.g. self-organizing maps). 
     The visualization system for analyzing the classifications and associations between freight cost and market conditions may include one or more of a scenario-based representations for determining the best facility to serve customers in an omnichannel environment, a drop down menu of available scenarios that can include multiple freight lanes, one or more tables which may display the top segments by freight cost, one or more charts which may display associations between features within a segment, one or more charts which may display cost history and rate forecast, and one or maps which may display the locations of the logistics network segments with a pop-up window that includes information about the segment. Given the involvement of a rate forecast with descriptive market features, the present invention may not only reveal future downturns and accelerations in cost months ahead of the event, but also show information that may explain the downtown or acceleration. 
     Determining best facility to serve customers in an omnichannel logistics environment with associations between cost and market attributes is beneficial for supply chain planning, inventory control, marketing, and sales. For example, a spot market rate forecast may be employed to improve corporate budgeting processes restricted to internal sales data. Furthermore, if a company has a new product without sales history, supply chain planning and marketing can use the freight cost data for similar products in the market to evaluate sales opportunities for local, regional, and national areas. 
     External spatial data offers information that can improve the sales and operations planning process. Intuitively, if supply chain planning, sales, and marketing personnel have a better understanding of market conditions and their associations with the sales for a product, then they will produce better plans and forecasts. Better plans and forecasts enable optimal inventory levels and enhanced customer service. In other words, an integrated data model comprising external spatial data and internal product and distribution network data ensures better outcomes than a traditional sales and operations planning process that is restricted to anecdotal use of external data. 
     As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, aspects of the present invention may be embodied as a system, method or computer program product. Accordingly, aspects of the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.) or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects that may all generally be referred to herein as a “circuit,” “module” or “system.” Furthermore, aspects of the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied in one or more computer readable medium(s) having computer readable program code embodied thereon. 
     Any combination of one or more computer readable medium(s) may be utilized. The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage medium would include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the context of this document, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. 
     A computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated signal may take any of a variety of forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer readable signal medium may be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. 
     Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object-oriented programming language such as Java, Smalltalk, C++ or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the “C” programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user&#39;s computer, partly on the user&#39;s computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user&#39;s computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user&#39;s computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider). 
     Aspects of the present invention are described below with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. 
     These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable medium that can direct a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable medium produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other devices to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide processes for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. 
     The flowchart and block diagrams in the Figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions. 
     Reference in the specification to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” of the present principles, as well as other variations thereof, means that a particular feature, structure, characteristic, and so forth described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present principles. Thus, the appearances of the phrase “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment”, as well any other variations, appearing in various places throughout the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. 
     It is to be appreciated that the use of any of the following “/”, “and/or”, and “at least one of”, for example, in the cases of “A/B”, “A and/or B” and “at least one of A and B”, is intended to encompass the selection of the first listed option (A) only, or the selection of the second listed option (B) only, or the selection of both options (A and B). As a further example, in the cases of “A, B, and/or C” and “at least one of A, B, and C”, such phrasing is intended to encompass the selection of the first listed option (A) only, or the selection of the second listed option (B) only, or the selection of the third listed option (C) only, or the selection of the first and the second listed options (A and B) only, or the selection of the first and third listed options (A and C) only, or the selection of the second and third listed options (B and C) only, or the selection of all three options (A and B and C). This may be extended, as readily apparent by one of ordinary skill in this and related arts, for as many items listed. 
     Referring now to the drawings in which like numerals represent the same or similar elements and initially to  FIG. 1 , a block/flow diagram illustratively showing a method for producing spatial logistics best facility recommendations with current market information  100  in accordance with the present principles is shown. In one embodiment, a market data extractor  102  and a customer product and distribution network data extractor  104  may be constructed for acquiring spatial data. The harmonization module  106  combines the data from the market  102  with data from a customer&#39;s internal system  104 . In contrast with traditional logistics recommendation systems, the harmonization module integrates market data with internal distribution data in real time. A descriptive model emerges from block  108  by applying statistical methods to the harmonized spatial model  106 . Following the descriptive, a spot market rate forecast may be obtained in block  110 . 
     In one embodiment, an unsupervised learning method may be constructed in block  112  to select the features that are associated with cost for a given freight lane, and this process may be repeated for all available freight lanes in an area. The data that is input when building the spatial logistics best facility recommendations  114  may include a subset of features from the feature selection block  112  and may use an unsupervised learning method to build a topographical layer of the best facility recommendations with spot market forecasts. 
     In one embodiment, a visualization tool  116  may enable the analysis of multiple scenarios wherein a single scenario comprises at least one freight lane. The results may be displayed in block  116  on a display device that includes the capacity to display spatial information on a map. 
     Referring to  FIG. 2 , a computer system for producing spatial logistics recommendations with current market information  200  is illustratively shown according to one embodiment of the present principles. In one embodiment, the input  202  to the system may be market data  204 , wherein market data may include fuel cost, loads dropping, loads picking up, trucker rates, and shipper rates  206 , wherein the customer&#39;s product and distribution network data may include price, cost, shipment data, and the sales unit of measure. 
     In one embodiment, a computer system  208  may include in-memory processing  210  which may have one or more modules for the purpose of producing spatial logistics best facility recommendations with current market information. The system may include data extractors  212  having one or methods of extracting data from multiple sources. A harmonization module  214  may be employed to combine spatial data from multiple sources to create an integrated data structure. A descriptive module  216  may be employed to describe market features for the given freight lane. A predictive module  218  may be employed to forecast spot market rates for the given freight lane. A feature selection module  220  may deployed to select a subset of features that have strong associations with freight rates. A spatial segmentation module  222  may be deployed to build a topographical representation of logistics best facility recommendations. In one embodiment, a controlling application programming interface  224  may activate all in-memory activities in response to a request from a scheduling module  226 . 
     In one embodiment, the output  228  includes both an application programming interface  230  and a visualization tool  234 . The spatial logistics best facility recommendations from block  222  may be delivered by the application programming interface  230  into a visualization tool  234 . Each input  202  component and output  228  component may be coupled with the system  208  to comprise an automated information pipeline. 
     In one embodiment, the input data  202  may be extracted from multiple sources according to a variety of time intervals/schedules. Furthermore, input data  202  may be extracted in either a continuous data stream or a discrete batch data set. If the input data  202  updates frequently and the system  208  and the output  228  are coupled together, then the embodiment may enable a real time automated information pipeline. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 3 , a method for producing spatial logistics best facility recommendations with current market information based on descriptive analysis, statistical forecasting, and unsupervised learning framework  300  in accordance with the present principles is illustratively depicted. In one embodiment, the descriptive method is depicted in block  301 , the forecasting method is depicted in block  303 , the feature selection method is depicted in block  305 , and the spatial segmentation method is depicted in block  307 . 
     In one embodiment, harmonized data  302  is input to a descriptive statistical module  304 . A statistical forecasting module  306  may be deployed to construct a spot market forecast with input from the descriptive module  304 . A harmonized vector set  308  includes market data and distribution network data that may deployed as input to an unsupervised learning method  310  to extract market features that have strong associations with freight cost for a freight lane. The harmonized feature set  312  is a subset of the harmonized vector set  308  and may be deployed as input to a second unsupervised learning method  314  to produce logistics best facility recommendations  316 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 4 , a block/flow diagram illustratively depicting a high-level overview of the data flow  400  which may be deployed for producing spatial logistics best facility recommendations with current market information in accordance with the present principles. In one embodiment, logistics network data structures  402  may be integrated with spatial product and distribution data structures  404  in harmonization block  406  to obtain an integrated data structure for a given scenario. With an integrated data structure  406 , a descriptive data structure  408  and a forecast data structure  410  may deployed for producing feature data structures  412 . Spatial data structures  414  create topographical layers over the feature data structures  412 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 5 , a block/flow diagram illustratively depicting a high-level overview of the data hierarchy  500  which may be deployed for producing spatial logistics best facility recommendations with current market information in accordance with the present principles. In one embodiment, a scenario entity  502  includes one or more market level entities  504  wherein an example of a market level entity is harmonized market data for a freight lane. One or more market level entities  504  may include one or more segments  506  wherein an example of a segment is a set of spatial network features comprising fuel cost, total rate, shipper rate, trucker rate, loads picking up, loads dropping off, and a rate forecast. For a scenario  502  and market level  504 , a segment  506  may include one or more freight lanes  508 , wherein an example of a freight lane is a shipping point and receiving point combination, and one or more attribute categories  510 , wherein an example of an attribute category is the category shipper. Freight lanes  508  may include one or more shipping and receiving points  512  and an attribute category  510  may include one or more attributes  514 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 6A , a visualization tool which may analyze and/or output spatial logistics best facility recommendations with current market information  600  is illustratively shown in accordance with the present principles. In one embodiment, the visualization system  601  (e.g., on-line tool) may analyze the associations between freight cost and market attribute categories within a segment. The visualization system  601  may include a button  602  to generate new scenarios, a drop-down list  604  of available scenarios, a table  606  that shows the descriptions of each available scenario, and a table  608  that reveals a high-level summary of each spatial logistics best facility recommendation for a given scenario. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 6B , a visualization tool which may analyze and/or output spatial logistics best facility recommendation with current market information  620  is illustratively shown in accordance with the present principles. In one embodiment the visualization system  620  (e.g. on-line tool) may analyze associations between freight rates and attribute categories within a segment. The visualization system  621  may include a filter for market level  622 , a filter for segments  624 , a filter for segment attributes  626 , a filter for lane attributes  628 , a filter for lanes  630 , and a filter for products  632 . A table of the top segments  634  may appear alongside a chart of features with a three-month moving average spot market forecast  636 , a map of spatial segments  638 , a chart of the top features  640  with market values, and a time series chart  642  of the spot market forecast. 
     Having described preferred embodiments of a method and system for classifying logistics network market conditions to determine the best facility to serve customers in a logistics network, it is noted that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art considering the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that changes may be made in the particular embodiments disclosed which are within the scope of the invention as outlined by the appended claims. Having thus described aspects of the invention, with the details and particularity required by the patent laws, what is claimed and desired protected by Letters Patent is set forth in the appended claims.