Patent Publication Number: US-2023163395-A1

Title: Battery pack and electric vehicle

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     The application is a continuation application of International Patent Application No. PCT/CN2021/098082 filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA) on Jun. 3, 2021, which is based on and claims priority to and benefits of Chinese Patent Application No. 202010515671.7, filed on Jun. 9, 2020. The entire content of the above-referenced applications is incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     FIELD 
     This application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a battery pack and an electric vehicle. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Battery pack is the main power source of new-energy electric vehicles, and its quality directly affects the usage performance and safety performance of electric vehicles. In a battery pack structure, a tray is generally used to carry a power battery, and then the tray is sealed with a tray cover to form the battery pack. The battery pack is mounted on an electric vehicle. 
     As the battery pack generates heat while working, heat needs to be dissipated from the battery pack to prolong the service life of batteries in the battery pack. In addition, if the battery pack works at a low ambient temperature, the service life of the batteries in the low-temperature environment is also seriously shortened. In related arts, a battery pack is additionally equipped with a cooling system for heat dissipation, and a heating module is provided to heat the battery pack. The addition of the cooling system and the heating module lowers the space utilization of the battery pack. Therefore, how to improve the space utilization of the battery pack while ensuring the cooling and heating functions has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. 
     SUMMARY 
     This application aims to solve the technical problems in related arts by providing a battery pack which not only can meet the heat dissipation requirements of the battery pack, but also can meet the need of heating the battery pack in a low-temperature environment and improve the space utilization of the battery pack. 
     To this end, this application proposes a battery pack, which is configured to provide power to a vehicle and includes a tray and a plate. The tray has an accommodating space. The accommodating space has a top opening. The plate is disposed at the top opening of the accommodating space. The plate includes an inner surface facing the accommodating space and an outer surface opposite to the inner surface. A plurality of cooling pipes sequentially arranged are disposed on the outer surface of the plate. A heating member is disposed between two adjacent cooling pipes. 
     In an embodiment of this application, the plate includes two first edge portions opposite to each other, the cooling pipe is an elongated pipe, and a length of the cooling pipe extends along a direction from one of the first edge portions to another one of the first edge portions. 
     In an embodiment of this application, a width of the plate extends along a first direction, a length of the plate extends along a second direction, the two first edge portions are disposed along the second direction, and the plurality of cooling pipes are sequentially arranged along the first direction; and a first end of each of the cooling pipes is disposed at the first one of the first edge portions, and a second end of each of the cooling pipes is disposed the second one of the first edge portions; and the cooling pipes are in communication with each other to form a cooling loop. 
     In an embodiment of this application, the battery pack further includes an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe and a transition pipe, the plurality of cooling pipes are grouped into at least one cooling unit, each cooling unit includes two cooling pipes, and the two cooling pipes are a first cooling pipe and a second cooling pipe; and an inlet of the first cooling pipe is in communication with the inlet pipe, an outlet of the first cooling pipe and an inlet of the second cooling pipe are both connected to the same transition pipe, and an outlet of the second cooling pipe is in communication with the outlet pipe. 
     In an embodiment of this application, the battery pack includes a plurality of cooling units, the plurality of cooling units are sequentially arranged along the first direction, and every two cooling units constitute one group; and the first cooling pipes of the two cooling units of the same group are in communication with the same inlet pipe, the second cooling pipes of the two cooling units of the same group are in communication with the same outlet pipe, the first cooling pipes of cooling units of different groups are in communication with different inlet pipes, the second cooling pipes of cooling units of different groups are in communication with different outlet pipes, and every cooling unit corresponds to/includes one transition pipe. 
     In an embodiment of this application, the battery pack further includes a plurality of cells placed in the accommodating space, the plurality of cells are sequentially arranged along the second direction, and a length of each of the plurality of cells extends along the first direction. 
     In an embodiment of this application, the heating member is an elongated heating member, and a length of the heating member extends along a direction from one of the first edge portions to another first edge portion; and the heating member is a heating film. 
     In an embodiment of this application, a thickness of the cooling pipe is greater than a thickness of the heating member; and the plate is formed integrally with the cooling pipe by extrusion. 
     In an embodiment of this application, the tray includes two first side beams and two second side beams for defining the accommodating space, the two first side beams are located on two opposite sides of the tray along the second direction, and the two second side beams are located on two opposite sides of the tray along the first direction; and the tray further includes a reinforcing beam, the reinforcing beam is disposed in the accommodating space and is parallel to the first side beam, and the plate is connected to the reinforcing beam. 
     In an embodiment of this application, the plate includes a carrying region for placing the cooling pipes and the heating member and a connecting region other than the carrying region; a thickness of the connecting region is greater than a thickness of the carrying region, and the plate is connected to the reinforcing beam at the connecting region; and two bosses are disposed on the inner surface of the plate facing the accommodating space, and the two bosses respectively abut against end surfaces of the reinforcing beam which are respectively close to the two second side beams. 
     In an embodiment of this application, the plate further includes two second edge portions opposite to each other, and the two second edge portions are respectively mounted on the two second side beams. 
     An inner surface of one of the second side beam and the second edge portion facing the accommodating space is provided with a groove, and another one of the second side beam and the second edge portion is inserted into the groove. 
     In an embodiment of this application, the second edge portion is fixed to the second side beam by adhesion. 
     In an embodiment of this application, the battery pack further includes a seal cover, where the seal cover is located on the plate and is connected to the tray to seal the top opening of the tray. 
     In an embodiment of this application, the battery pack further includes a sealing foam, where the sealing foam is located between the seal cover and the tray. 
     In an embodiment of this application, first threaded holes are provided on top surfaces of the first side beam and the second side beam facing the seal cover, and the seal cover is provided with second threaded holes corresponding to the first threaded holes. 
     In an embodiment of this application, the plate is provided with a connecting member configured to connect to a vehicle body of a vehicle, and the connecting member is connected to a transverse beam of a seat in the vehicle. 
     In an embodiment of this application, the tray is provided with lifting lugs, each of the lifting lugs is provided with a mounting hole for a fastener to pass through, and the fastener is passed through the mounting hole to fix the tray to the vehicle body of the vehicle. 
     In an embodiment of this application, each of the second side beams includes a vertical frame and a horizontal frame connected to each other, and a bottom of the cell is connected to the horizontal frame by a structural adhesive. 
     This application also provides an electric vehicle, including the battery pack according to any one of the above embodiments. 
     Other aspects and advantages of this application will be given in the following description, some of which will become apparent from the following description or may be learned from practices of this application. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG.  2    is a cross-sectional view of the battery pack shown in  FIG.  1    taken along a direction AB; 
         FIG.  3    is a schematic enlarged view of a dashed line box C in  FIG.  2   ; 
         FIG.  4    is a schematic exploded view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG.  5    is a schematic diagram showing that cooling pipes are integrated on a plate according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG.  6    is a schematic diagram showing that cooling pipes and a heating member are integrated on a plate according to an embodiment of this application; 
         FIG.  7    is a schematic structural diagram of a tray according to an embodiment of this application; and 
         FIG.  8    is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of this application. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Embodiments of this application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in accompanying drawings, where the same or similar elements or the elements having same or similar functions are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals throughout the description. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and used only for explaining this application, and should not be construed as a limitation on this application. 
     In the description of this application, it should be understood that orientation or position relationships indicated by the terms such as “center”, “longitudinal”, “transverse”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “on”, “below”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “anticlockwise”, “axial direction”, “radial direction”, and “circumferential direction” are based on orientation or position relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are used only for ease and brevity of illustration and description, rather than indicating or implying that the mentioned apparatus or component must have a particular orientation or must be constructed and operated in a particular orientation. Therefore, such terms should not be construed as limiting of this application. In addition, a feature defined to be “first” or “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, “a plurality of” means two or more than two. 
     In the description of this application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified or defined, the terms such as “mount”, “install”, “connect”, and “connection” should be understood in a broad sense. For example, the connection may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; or the connection may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; or the connection may be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediary, or internal communication between two components. Persons of ordinary skill in the art may understand the specific meanings of the terms in this application according to specific situations. 
     In the battery pack according to the embodiments of this application, a plurality of cooling pipes sequentially arranged are disposed on the plate, so that the function of dissipating heat from the battery pack can be achieved by using the cooling pipes; and a heating member is disposed between adjacent cooling pipes, so that a function of heating the battery pack can be achieved. By integrating the cooling pipes and the heating member on the plate so that the heating member is disposed between the cooling pipes, the battery pack makes full use of the space of the plate, which can reduce the space of the battery pack occupied by the cooling pipes and the heating member, thereby improving the space utilization of the battery pack. 
     A battery pack of the embodiments of this application will be described below in detail with reference to  FIG.  1    to  FIG.  7   . 
     Referring to  FIG.  1    to  FIG.  7   , in a battery pack embodiment provided by this application, a battery pack  100  is configured to provide power to an electric vehicle and includes a tray  11  and a plate  12 . The tray  11  has an accommodating space  110 . The accommodating space  110  is configured to accommodate cells  13 . The accommodating space  110  has a top opening. The plate  12  is disposed at the top opening of the accommodating space  110 , so that the plate  12  can cover the top opening of the accommodating space  110 . The battery pack  100  further includes a plurality of cells  13 . The plurality of cells  13  are placed in the accommodating space  110 . 
     The plate  12  includes an inner surface facing the accommodating space  110  and an outer surface opposite to the inner surface. A plurality of cooling pipes  14  sequentially arranged are disposed on the outer surface of the plate  12 . A heating member  15  is disposed between two adjacent cooling pipes  14 . Therefore, the cooling pipes  14  can achieve the function of dissipating heat from the battery pack  100 , and the heating member  15  can achieve the function of heating the battery pack  100  in a low-temperature environment, to ensure the performance and service life of the cells. In addition, by integrating the cooling pipes  14  and the heating member  15  on the plate  12 , the embodiments of this application make full use of the space between the cooling pipes  14  to dispose the heating member  15 , which can reduce the space of the battery pack  100  occupied by the cooling pipes  14  and the heating member  15 , thereby improving the space utilization of the battery pack  100 . 
     The battery pack  100  may further include a thermally conductive structural adhesive  20 . The thermally conductive structural adhesive  20  is connected between the inner surface of the plate  12  and the cell  13 , to facilitate the transfer of heat from the cell  13  to the plate  12 . 
     The heating member  15  may be a heating film, and may be fixed on the plate  12  by adhesion. 
     In some embodiments of this application, the battery pack  100  is a square battery pack, and correspondingly, the tray  11  and the plate  12  are both square. As shown in  FIG.  4   , the plate  12  includes two first edge portions  121  opposite to each other. The cooling pipe  14  is an elongated pipe. A length of the cooling pipe  14  extends along a direction from one of the first edge portions  121  to another first edge portion  121 . In other words, the cooling pipe  14  is disposed on the plate  12  along a second direction Z. 
     Further, a width of the plate  12  extends along a first direction. The first direction is a width direction of the tray  11 . As shown in  FIG.  4   , the first direction is a direction X. A length of the plate  12  extends along a second direction. The second direction is a length direction of the tray  11 . As shown in  FIG.  4   , the second direction is the direction Z. The two first edge portions  121  are two opposite sides of the plate  12  along the second direction Z, and the plurality of cooling pipes  14  are sequentially arranged along the first direction X. 
     A first end of the cooling pipe  14  is disposed on one of the first edge portions  121 , and a second end of the cooling pipe  14  is disposed on another first edge portion  121 . The cooling pipes  14  are in communication with each other to form a cooling loop. 
     Specifically, the battery pack  100  further includes an inlet pipe  161 , an outlet pipe  162  and a transition pipe  163 . The plurality of cooling pipes  14  are grouped into at least one cooling unit. Each cooling unit includes two cooling pipes, namely, a first cooling pipe and a second cooling pipe respectively. As shown in  FIG.  5   , the plurality of cooling pipes  14  are grouped into four cooling units. An inlet of the first cooling pipe is in communication with the inlet pipe  161 , an outlet of the first cooling pipe and an inlet of the second cooling pipe are both connected to the same transition pipe  163 , and an outlet of the second cooling pipe is in communication with the outlet pipe  162 . Therefore, a coolant enters the first cooling pipe from the inlet pipe  161 , then flows through the transition pipe  163  to the second cooling pipe, and then flows out from the outlet pipe  162 , thus achieving a function of cooling the battery pack  100 . 
     A plurality of cooling units are sequentially arranged along the first direction X, and every two cooling units constitute one group. The first cooling pipes of the two cooling units of the same group are in communication with the same inlet pipe  161 . The second cooling pipes of the two cooling units of the same group are in communication with the same outlet pipe  162 . The first cooling pipes of cooling units of different groups are in communication with different inlet pipes. The second cooling pipes of cooling units of different groups are in communication with different outlet pipes. Every cooling unit corresponds to one transition pipe. By means of the above method, circulating cooling of the coolant can be realized. In addition, the flow path of the coolant flowing from the inlet pipe  161  to the outlet pipe  162  only passes through two cooling pipes, and the small number of cooling pipes allows the coolant to still have a low temperature when flowing into the latter cooling pipe, thereby improving the cooling effect of the coolant. 
     In an embodiment of this application, the cooling pipe  14  and the plate  12  may be integrally formed by extrusion from an aluminum material, or the cooling pipe  14  and the plate  12  may also be disposed separately. When disposed separately, the cooling pipe  14  may be connected to the plate  12  through a thermally conductive adhesive. 
     In an embodiment of this application, the plurality of cells  13  are sequentially arranged along the second direction Z, i.e., the plurality of cells  13  are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the tray  11 , and the length of each of the plurality of cells  13  extends along the first direction X. Therefore, for the cooling pipes  14 , each cooling pipe  14  covers all the cells  13 , which improves the heat dissipation effect. Of course, in other embodiments, the plurality of cells  13  may also be sequentially arranged along the first direction X, and the length of the cell  13  extends along the second direction Z. 
     In an embodiment of this application, as shown in  FIG.  6   , the heating member  15  is an elongated heating member, and the length of the heating member  15  extends along a direction from one of the first edge portions  121  to another first edge portion  121 , i.e., the heating member  15  is disposed on the plate  12  in the second direction Z. 
     In an embodiment of this application, as shown in  FIG.  4   , the battery pack  100  further includes a seal cover  17  and a sealing foam  18 . The seal cover  17  is located on the plate  12  and is connected to the tray  11  to seal the top opening of the tray  11 . The sealing foam  18  is located between the seal cover  17  and the tray  11  to enhance the sealing between the seal cover  17  and the tray  11 . Further, the seal cover  17  may be fixed to the tray  11  by bolts  171 , or the seal cover  17  may also be fixed to the tray  11  by riveting, welding or other means. In addition, the sealing foam  18  is resilient. 
     In an embodiment of this application, a thickness of the cooling pipe  14  is greater than a thickness of the heating member  15 . It should be noted that the thicknesses of the cooling pipe  14  and the heating member  15  are thickness along a third direction Y. The third direction is a height (thickness) direction of the tray  11 . That is to say, on the basis of the diagram shown in  FIG.  4   , the thickness of the cooling pipe  14  and the thickness of the heating member  15  extend along the third direction Y. Making the thickness of the cooling pipe  14  greater than the thickness of the heating member  15  can effectively prevent friction between a seal cover  17  and the heating member  15 , thereby protecting the heating member  15 . 
     In an embodiment of this application, referring to  FIG.  4   ,  FIG.  5    and  FIG.  7   , the tray  11  includes two first side beams  111  and two second side beams  112  for defining the accommodating space  110 , the two first side beams  111  are located on two opposite sides of the tray  11  along the second direction Z, the two second side beams  112  are located on two opposite sides of the tray  11  along the first direction X, and the first side beams  111  and the second side beams  112  are connected to form a square tray  11 . In addition, the plate  12  further includes two second edge portions  122  opposite to each other, the positions of the two first edge portions  121  of the plate  12  correspond one-to-one to those of the two first side beams  111  of the tray  11 , the positions of the two second edge portions  122  correspond one-to-one to those of the two second side beams  112  of the tray  11 , and the second edge portions  122  are mounted on the corresponding second side beams  112 . 
     Threaded holes may be provided on top surfaces of the first side beam  111  and the second side beam  112  facing the seal cover  17 , and the seal cover  17  is also provided with corresponding threaded holes, so that the bolts  171  are engaged with the threaded holes of the first side beam  111 , the second side beam  112  and the threaded holes on the seal cover  17 , so as to fix the seal cover  17  to the tray  11 . 
     The tray  11  further includes a reinforcing beam  113 . The reinforcing beam  113  is disposed in the accommodating space  110  and is parallel to the first side beam  111 . Further, there may be two reinforcing beams  113 , with one reinforcing beam  113  being disposed adjacent to one of the first side beams  111 , and another reinforcing beam  113  being disposed adjacent to another first side beam  111 . The strength of the tray  11  can be enhanced by the reinforcing beams  113 . 
     The plate  12  is connected to the reinforcing beam  113 . Specifically, the inner surface of the plate  12  is connected to a top surface of the reinforcing beam  113  facing the plate  12 . For example, the plate  12  and the reinforcing beam  113  may be fixed to each other by bolts  21 . To be specific, threaded holes are provided on a top surface of the plate  12  corresponding to the reinforcing beam  113 , and corresponding threaded holes are also provided on the top surface of the reinforcing beam  113 , so that the plate  12  and the reinforcing beam  113  are fixed to each other through the engagement of the threaded holes with the bolts  21 . In other embodiments, the plate  12  may also be connected to the reinforcing beam  113  by welding. 
     In an embodiment of this application, the plate  12  includes a carrying region for placing the cooling pipe  14  and the heating member  15  and a connecting region other than the carrying region, and a thickness of the connecting region is greater than a thickness of the carrying region. In other words, the plate  12  is divided into two regions, where one part is used for placing the cooling pipes  14  and the heating member  15 , and another part is used as the connecting region. A position where the plate  12  is connected to the reinforcing beam  113  is located in the connecting region with a larger thickness, which enhances the strength at the position where the plate  12  is connected to the reinforcing beam  113 , and can effectively inhibit the cell  13  from swelling after multiple times of charging and discharging. 
     The plate  12  is further provided with a connecting member  123 . The connecting member  123  is configured to connect to a vehicle body of a vehicle. Any structure in an electric vehicle other than the battery pack may be considered as part of the vehicle body of the vehicle. For example, the connecting member  123  is connected to a transverse beam of a seat in the vehicle to increase the vibration modes of the battery pack  100 . More specifically, as shown in  FIG.  4   , a through hole  172  is provided on the seal cover  17  at a position corresponding to the connecting member  123  of the plate  12 , and the connecting member  123  extends out of the battery pack  100  through the through hole  172 , so as to be connected to the vehicle body. The connecting member  123  may be, for example, a fixing nut. Each fixing nut is sleeved with a sealing ring. The fixing nuts may be connected to the vehicle body by brazing. 
     In addition, the connecting member  123  may be disposed in the connecting region of the plate  12 , i.e., a position where the plate  12  is connected to the vehicle body is located at the connecting region with a larger thickness, which improves the firmness of the battery pack  100  on the vehicle. 
     In an embodiment of this application, as shown in  FIG.  7   , the tray  11  is further provided with lifting lugs  114 . The lifting lug  114  is provided with a mounting hole and is fixed to the vehicle body of the vehicle through the mounting hole and by, for example, using a bolt, so as to mount the tray  11  on the vehicle body. Therefore, by fixing the tray  11  to the vehicle body and fixing the plate  12  to the vehicle body, the firmness of the battery pack  100  on the vehicle can be further improved, thereby further reducing the shaking of the battery pack during the driving of the vehicle. 
     In an embodiment of this application, as shown in  FIG.  5   , two bosses  124  are disposed on the inner surface of the plate  12  facing the accommodating space  110 , and the two bosses  124  are respectively located on the two second edge portions  122  and respectively abut against end surfaces  1131  of the reinforcing beam  113  which are respectively close to the two second side beams  112 . Specifically, the reinforcing beam  113  includes the two end surfaces of  1131  respectively facing the second side beams  112 , one of the bosses  124  of the plate  12  abuts against one of the end surfaces  1131 , and another boss  124  abuts against another end surface  1131 . Therefore, when a side of the plate  12  is compressed or impacted by an external force, part of the force can be transferred to the reinforcing beam  113 , which prevents the plate  12  from tangential displacement. 
     The boss  124  is a boss structure protruding outward from the inner surface of the plate  12 , i.e., the boss  124  and the plate  12  are integrally formed. 
     As shown in  FIG.  3   , the inner surface of the second side beam  112  facing the accommodating space  110  is provided with a groove  1121 , and the second edge portion  122  of the plate  12  is inserted into the groove  1121 . The groove  1121  may be, for example, an L-shaped groove as shown in the figure, or may also be a recess structure. Therefore, by the configuration of the groove  1121 , the edge of the plate  12  is inserted into the groove  1121 , so that when the second side beam  112  is compressed or impacted, the force can be transferred to the plate  12  by the second side beam  112  to make use of the plate  12  to improve the compression resistance of the second side beam  112 , thereby reducing the possibility of deformation of the second side beam  112  due to compression. 
     In this application, the second edge portion  122  of the plate  12  and the second side beam  112  are further glued together. 
     In addition, the length of each of the plurality of cells  13  of this application extends along the first direction X. The cell  13  includes poles for outputting a current. The poles are located at one or more ends of the cell  13  along the first direction. Positive and negative poles may be located at the same end of the cell  13  along the first direction X, or may be located at opposite ends of the cell  13  along the first direction X, i.e., the poles of the cell  13  are disposed facing the second side beam  112 . By providing the groove  1121  on the second side beam  112  to connect to the plate  12 , when the second side beam  112  is compressed or impacted, the impact force can be transferred to the plate  12 , and the impact force is transferred from the plate  12  to casings of the cells  13  by the thermally conductive structural adhesive  20 , thereby improving the compression resistance of the second side beam  112  to prevent the second side beam  112  from deforming and compressing the poles of the cells  13  to cause a short circuit between the cells  13 . 
     In some other embodiments, the second edge portion  122  of the plate  12  may be provided with a groove, and the top of the second side beam  112  is inserted into the groove of the second edge portion  122 . In this way, the impact force received by the second side beam  112  can also be transferred to the plate  12 , thereby improving the compression resistance of the second side beam  112 . 
     In an embodiment of this application, the second side beam  112  may be an L-shaped structure, including a vertical frame  1122  and a horizontal frame  1123 . The horizontal frame  1123  is located at a bottom opening of the accommodating space  110 , and the horizontal frames  1123  of the two second side beams  112  are disposed opposite to each other to jointly define the bottom opening of the accommodating space  110 . The top opening and the bottom opening of the accommodating space  110  are disposed opposite to each other along a third direction. The third direction is the direction Y shown in  FIG.  4   . The battery pack  100  further includes a base plate  22  and a protection plate  23 . The base plate  22  is connected to the horizontal frame  1123  to close the bottom opening of the accommodating space  110 , and is coplanar with the horizontal frame  1123  to jointly carry the cells  13 . 
     The battery pack  100  further includes structural adhesives  24  and  25 . The bottom of the cell  13  is connected to the horizontal frame  1123  by the structural adhesive  25 , and the base plate  22  is connected to the horizontal frame  1123  by the structural adhesive  24 , so as to seal the bottom opening of the accommodating space  110 . The protection plate  23  is located on the side of the base plate  22  facing away from the cell  13 , and is fixed to the horizontal frame  1123 , for example, threadedly connected to the horizontal frame  1123  by bolts  26 . 
     By adhering the cell  13  to the base plate  22  and then adhering the base plate  22  to the horizontal frame  1123 , the compression force received by the second side beam  112  can be transferred to the casing of the cell  13 , which can further improve the compression resistance of the tray  11 . 
     An embodiment of this application also provides an electric vehicle, including a battery pack. The battery pack is a battery pack described in any one of the above embodiments. 
     In the descriptions of this specification, descriptions using reference terms “an embodiment”, “some embodiments”, “an exemplary embodiment”, “an example”, “a specific example”, or “some examples” mean that specific characteristics, structures, materials, or features described with reference to the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, schematic descriptions of the foregoing terms are not necessarily directed at a same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in an appropriate manner. 
     Although the embodiments of this application have been shown and described, persons of ordinary skill in the art should understand that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, and the scope of this application is as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.