Patent Publication Number: US-2020278042-A1

Title: Method and apparatus for deactivating a hydraulic device that is leaking hydraulic oil

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This is a non provisional patent application of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/586,530, filed 13 Jan. 2012, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/727,324, filed 16 Nov. 2012. 
     Priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/586,530, filed 13 Jan. 2012, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/727,324, filed 16 Nov. 2012, each of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference, is hereby claimed. 
    
    
     STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT 
     Not applicable 
     REFERENCE TO A “MICROFICHE APPENDIX” 
     Not applicable 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to an improved method and apparatus for underwater device leak detection in a hydraulic system or device that includes a hydraulic ram. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method of detecting leaks (e.g. broken or cut hose or leaking seal or fitting) in an underwater hydraulic system that uses an underwater hydraulic cylinder. 
     2. General Background of the Invention 
     In the offshore oil and gas industry, there are certain hydraulic devices that are needed in order to complete jobs in an underwater environment. A hydraulic shear is employed to conduct salvage operations. Such a hydraulic shear is lowered to a seabed area, for example several hundred feet (meters) deep. In this offshore environment, leakage of hydraulic oil has a profoundly disastrous effect on the environment. 
     Therefore, there exists a need for a simple and straightforward yet workable solution to the problem of leakage of hydraulic fluid from devices that are used in a marine environment. 
     It is not only important that a leak of hydraulic fluid be detected. It is further important that the hydraulic device be immediately disabled so that leakage is limited to a very minimal quantity. 
     Patents have issued that relate generally to the detection of leakage. One example is the Brandt patent (U.S. Pat. No. 5,748,077). The Brandt patent (U.S. Pat. No. 5,748,077) shuts down the hydraulic system if the leak is detected and notifies individuals in the area that a leak has occurred. The leak detection system has sensors for measuring hydraulic system parameters and a computer for detecting abnormalities in the system based on values returned by the sensors. Sensors used include an rpm pickup, a pressure transducer, a flow meter and a hydraulic fluid level and temperature switch. Outputs of the sensors are analyzed by the computer to determine if the hydraulic system has a leak. If a leak is detected, the computer sends response signals to a device for engaging or disengaging the prime mover from the hydraulic pump and to another device for actuating a valve to stop hydraulic fluid flow from the reservoir. The computer may also send indicator signals to a display console for activating a warning light, a buzzer or a display. 
     The Cass patent (U.S. Pat. No. 4,471,797) provides a hydraulic circuit breaker reset device. The system includes a pump, reservoir and an actuator system. The hydraulic circuit breaker is arranged to compare fluid flow to and from the actuator system and to shut off this flow in the event the flow to the actuator system is greater than the flow returning from the actuator system by more than a predetermined differential, thereby indicating a leakage condition. A hydraulic circuit breaker reset device is hydraulically connected to the actuator system and to the circuit breaker. When the circuit breaker is in a shut off condition, the reset device continuously pressure tests the actuator system. If the pressure in the actuator system increases to indicate the absence of fluid leakage, the reset device responds to the pressure increase in the actuator system to provide a reset signal to the circuit breaker. After the circuit breaker is reset to its normal operating position, a timing piston returns the reset device to its normal operating condition. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention provides a method and apparatus for detecting a leak in a severed or broken hydraulic hose (or from a leaking seal or leaking fitting) in an underwater marine application. The system employs a hydraulic power unit that can be shut off if a breach or leak is detected. An indicator such as a red light can be activated to show an operator that the leak has occurred and that it has been curtailed. 
     The apparatus of the present invention provides a portable system that can be easily interfaced with a control hose reel of a hydraulic power unit. 
     The hydraulic leak detection system of the present invention is important for protection of equipment and for protection of the environment. Leakage of hydraulic fluid in a marine environment is a serious and potentially very costly problem. 
     The method and apparatus of the present invention measures both pressure and return flow rates. These parameters are then transmitted to a computer that can determine if there is an inconsistent flow ratio. If so, a signal is sent to a suitable switch such as a solenoid that discontinues power to a prime mover such as an engine. 
     The method and apparatus of the present invention can provide a selector switch that can have multiple, preset parameters as settings. The selector switch can be used to reset depending upon a particular piece of equipment that is being used. A number of settings such as eight settings can be reset or kept as default settings. 
     The method and apparatus of the present invention give the operator an ability to set exactly how sensitive the system must be in order to react to fluid loss. The system can be programmed to shut off the prime mover or other active part of the hydraulic power unit depending upon how much fluid has to be lost before shut down occurs. 
     The present invention is an improvement over other leak detection systems such as velocity checks or fuses which cannot be trusted. Additionally, fuses can only be tested if they are destroyed. Thus, a fuse may or may not work. 
     Another prior art system involves the use of tank level alarms. With large hydraulic cylinders that can hold 15 to 20 gallons (57 to 76 liters) of fluid, a huge amount of fluid must be lost before a level can be reached that can be detected. 
     Some systems employ a measurement of pump rpm and return flow. Such a parameter as pump rpm cannot be used reliably because some pumps are pressure compensated pumps. A pressure compensating pump varies in efficiency and would result in a high loss of fluid due to a need to set all parameters very high in order to account for fluid bypass within the pump that cannot be accounted for nor noticed without a flow meter on the pressure side. 
     The present invention thus provides a simple, straightforward, yet effective method and apparatus for quickly halting leakage from a hydraulic system where leakage has occurred in a hose, seal, fitting or other component of such system. 
     In one embodiment is provided a method and apparatus for leak detection having a microprocessor operably connected to a plurality of flow meters which flow meters are connected to input and output lines connected to one or more hydraulically powered systems. 
     In one embodiment the method and apparatus can receive flow rate signals from the plurality of flow meters; use the received signals in comparing against predefined values to determine if a leaking exception condition has occurred in one or more of the connected hydraulically powered systems. 
     In one embodiment the method and apparatus senses and detects the presence of abnormalities in fluid flow to and from one or more of the connected hydraulicly powered systems. These abnormalities, when detected, indicate a possible leak has occurred in a particular hydraulic system. Once a leak is identified, the method and apparatus can shut down one or more of the hydraulic systems, overall hydraulic power to the method and apparatus such as the hydraulic pump and/or its prime mover, and/or issue a warning signal. 
     In one embodiment the method and apparatus can shut down and/or stop hydraulic fluid flow in the method and apparatus by shutting off the hydraulic pump and/or its prime mover. In another embodiment hydraulic fluid flow to one or more of the connected hydraulic systems can be stopped by closing a valve from the hydraulic pump. 
     In one embodiment, in response to an identified leaking event, the method and apparatus can shut down the hydraulic pump and/or its prime mover, and/or close a valve in the inlet line to the pump and/or stop fluid flow from leaving a hydraulic reservoir. 
     In one embodiment, if a leaking event is identified, the method and apparatus can send signals for shutting down the particular hydraulic system for which such leaking event was identified, and furthermore issue a warning indicating that a leak has occurred. 
     In one embodiment, the method and apparatus can be user programmed to enter one or more predefined quantities and one or more predefined time periods in determining a leaking exception and/or a leaking event. In one embodiment the method and apparatus can be user programmed regarding predefined quantities and/or predefined ranges which are to be considered as leaking exceptions. 
     Leaking conditions monitored in one embodiment can include predetermined combinations of flow ratios between the plurality of flow meters. In one embodiment, one or more predefined quantities and one or more predefined time periods can be compared to real time measurements from the plurality of flow meters. If the values measured from the flow meters exceed a predefined quantity (e.g., predefined flow ratios between the plurality of flow meters) for at least a predefined time period, the method and apparatus can shut down the hydraulic system and issue a warning signal. 
     In one embodiment the method and apparatus can be user programmed allowing a user to specify the predefined quantity or quantities regarding measurements made by the plurality of flow meters which are considered to be leaking exceptions, along with programming the predefined quantity or quantities of time for which the flow meter measurements must exceed the predefined quantity before being considered a confirmed leaking event. 
     In one embodiment the method and apparatus can be user programmed regarding the frequency of sampling for which the method and apparatus accepts signals from the plurality of flow meters. 
     In one embodiment the method and apparatus can intermittently sample the plurality of flow meters, and obtain measured flow meter parameters and then compare such measured parameters against predefined parameters to determine if a leaking condition has occurred. 
     In one embodiment the method and apparatus can be user programmed regarding predefined time periods for which leaking exceptions are to exist before the method and apparatus identifies a leaking event as occurring and takes remedial action. 
     In one embodiment the method and apparatus can be user programmed regarding a predefined start up period before the method and apparatus reviews signals from the plurality of flow meters. 
     In one embodiment, the method and apparatus can monitor the plurality of flow meters only after certain pre-monitoring conditions are satisfied such as expiration of a predefined initial start up period. However, once the required pre-monitoring conditions are satisfied, the method and apparatus can begin checking the plurality of flow meters, obtaining measured parameters, and comparing these against set-up values to determine if a leak has occurred. In various embodiments the checking can be intermittently. In various embodiments the checking can be substantially continuously. 
     In one embodiment, the system works by monitoring and comparing flow from two flow meters as a ratio. The system has the ability to have volumes put in manually for this comparison. By linking a computer, controller, or laptop to the system and using a service tool to change and add data, the system responds to sensitivity and other variations such as time delay, percentage of leak allowance, and rod and bore size for ratio or motor which is one to one ratio. 
     In one embodiment the system can employ a “learn” button which is more user friendly. With this function, the user can set this system up without a laptop or service tool. The user simply turns on the system in bypass mode operates the unit when the user has the unit flowing at normal operation. He or she simply switches to the first position on the selector switch and presses the learn button for 5 seconds and the system automatically reads the ratio and stores that data as its setting. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS 
       For a further understanding of the nature, objects, and advantages of the present invention, reference should be had to the following detailed description, read in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein like reference numerals denote like elements and wherein: 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention; 
         FIGS. 1A and 1B  are partial flow diagrams of a preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention wherein lines A-A on  FIGS. 1A, 1B  are match lines that match with lines A-A of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 2  is an elevation view of a preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention; 
         FIG. 3  is a flow diagram view of an alternate embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention providing an electrical motor drive and wherein match lines A-A of  FIG. 3  match with either  FIG. 1A or 1B  at match lines A-A of  FIG. 1A or 1B ; 
         FIG. 4  is a partial schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention illustrating the hydraulic device with jaws in an open position; 
         FIG. 5  a partial schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention illustrating the hydraulic device with jaws in a closed position; 
         FIG. 6  is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention; 
         FIG. 7  is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention; 
         FIGS. 8-10  are diagrams of the prime mover portion of a preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention; and 
         FIG. 11  is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic hose reel portion of a preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention; and 
         FIG. 12  shows hydraulic tool-fitting descriptions and locations of a preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       FIGS. 1-12  show a preferred embodiment of the leak detection system apparatus of the present invention designated generally by the numeral  10 . In the system  10  shown in  FIG. 1 , the prime mover is a diesel engine  20 . In system  10 A of  FIG. 3 , the prime mover is an electric motor  50 . Leak detection system  10  (or  10 A) is used in a marine underwater environment when operating a hydraulic device or shear  11 . 
     In  FIG. 2 , a marine vessel  1  floats on a water surface  2 . A water bottom or seabed  7  has an object  47  to be removed, such as a pipe or other object embedded in or located at seabed  7 . In some cases, object  47  is the remnant of a damaged or abandoned offshore marine platform (e.g., oil and gas well production platform). 
     Deck area  3  on vessel  1  has a crane  4  with lifting line  5  and rigging  6  to enable lifting and lowering of hydraulic device  11 . The hydraulic device shown in  FIG. 1  is a hydraulic shear  11  having a jaw  14  that is moved between open and closed positions with a hydraulic cylinder  12  (see  FIGS. 1A, 4-5 ). Device  11  can have a fixed jaw  59 . Jaw  14  is pivotally attached at  60  to body  13 . Cylinder  12  is attached to body  13  at pivotal connection  61  and to jaw  14  at pivotal connection  62 . Jaw  14  moves from the open position of  FIGS. 1A and 4  to the closed position (cutting position) of  FIGS. 1B and 5  by extension of pushrod  15  and cylinder  19  relative to one another (see arrow  63 ,  FIG. 5 ). Also, notice arrows  48 ,  49  in  FIGS. 1A, 1B  which illustrate such movement of jaw  14 . 
     The hydraulic device  11  provides a body  13  that supports the moving jaw  14 . Hydraulic cylinder  12  has a pushrod  15  that moves between extended ( FIG. 5 ) and retracted ( FIG. 4 ) positions. The hydraulic cylinder  12  provides a cylinder  19  having an interior that includes chamber sections  17  and  18  (see  FIGS. 6-7 ). The chamber sections  17  and  18  are on opposing sides of piston  16 . The chamber section  17  is on the side of piston  16  that has pushrod  15  as shown. The chamber section  18  does not have the pushrod  15  and thus is of a larger cross sectional area (see example  1  below). 
     Hydraulic power is provided with a hydraulic power unit or HPU which is designated generally by the numeral  28  in  FIGS. 1 and 2 . Hydraulic power unit  28  includes a prime mover  20  which can be for example a diesel engine ( 20 ) or electric motor ( 50 ). The prime mover  20  powers a pump  21  which can be a compensating pump. Such compensating pump are commercially avail able (e.g. from Linde Hydraulics (www.lindeamerica.com)). The pump  21  receives hydraulic fluid from reservoir  22  and flow line  27 . A case drain line or recycle line  24  is provided for bypassing the hose reel  40  which is a condition that can occur with such a compensating pump  21  in some situations. Fuel is provided for the hydraulic power unit  28 , for example to tank  23  which can be a diesel fuel tank for supplying diesel fuel via flow line  65  to prime mover/diesel engine  20 . (See  FIGS. 1-1B .) Pump  21  has a discharge flow line  25  which is a pressure line that communicates with hydraulic control valve  54 . Hydraulic control valve  54  has a lever or operator handle  68  that is operated to either open or close the jaw  14 . In  FIG. 1A , the lever or handle  68  is in a position that transmits fluid to lines  31 ,  32  so that jaw  14  is opened. In  FIG. 1B , the lever or handle  68  is moved to a position that transmits fluid to lines  31 ,  32  so that jaw  14  is closed. Valve  54  is commercially available such as from Hawe North America, Inc. of Charlotte, N.C. 
     From control station  30 , the line  31  which supplies pressurized hydraulic fluid to hose reel  40 . A first flow meter  45  is placed in flow line  31  or at the junction of flow lines  25 ,  31  as shown in  FIGS. 1A, 1B . 
     Line  32  also receives flow from control station  30 . Return flow line  32  communicates with hose reel  40 . The flow line  32  carries a second flow meter  46 . Return flow is able to travel from the hose reel  40  to the flow line  32  through the flow meter  46  and then to the control station  30 . From the control station  30 , the flow in line  32  communicates with the return line  26  for returning fluid to hydraulic tank or reservoir  22 . Flow meters  45 ,  46  can be commercially available CT Series flow meters from Webster Instruments of Milwaukee, Wis. 
     The hose reel  40  provides flow lines  41 ,  42  which enable the hydraulic cylinder  12  to either open jaw  14  or close jaw  14  by either extending pushrod  15  or retracting the pushrod  15  (see  FIGS. 4-5 and 6-7 ). This is accomplished by connecting one flow line  41  to cylinder  19  on one side of piston  16  and by connecting the other flow line  42  to cylinder  19  on the other side of the piston  16  as shown in  FIGS. 6-7 . 
       FIGS. 1 and 3  illustrate that the prime mover can be either an engine  20  or an electric motor  50 . In  FIG. 1 , the diesel engine  20  is provided with a battery  51  for starting the engine  20 . The battery  51  also provides positive and negative leads  52 ,  53  that communicate with controller  30  as shown in  FIG. 1A . The control station  30  of  1 A can include a commercially available computer or controller  33  such as a Model Plus 1 from Sauer Danfoss such as Model No. MC024-010 or MC024-012. 
     In  FIG. 1A , the computer or controller  33  is part of the control station  30 . The control station  30  can provide a key switch for enabling the control station  30  to be activated or deactivated. A rotary cam switch  55  can be provided to pre-program controller  33  for a number of different configurations (e.g., dimensional changes) of cylinder  19 , pushrod  15 , chamber sections  17 ,  18 . (See  FIGS. 4-7 .) The cam switch enables an operator to dial in or select a particular cylinder by selecting a pre-programmed cam switch position. Such a rotary cam switch is commercially available from Control Switches International, Inc. 
     A start button  56  can be provided for enabling use of control station  30 . Lamps  57 ,  58  can be provided to indicate whether or not the control station  30  has been activated or is deactivated. For the diesel engine  20 , a solenoid operated valve  64  is provided in flow line  65  which supplies diesel fuel from tank  23  to engine  20 . (See  FIG. 1 .) This solenoid operated valve  64  is closed in a situation where a leak is detected. For the electric motor  50 , a solenoid operated switch  66  is provided. (See  FIG. 3 .) The switch  66  deactivates electric motor  50  if a leak situation is detected. For each of the diesel engine  20  and electric motor  50 , a cooler  67  can be provided in the flow line  24  as shown. 
     In one embodiment, the method and apparatus can be provided with a display which may include a leak detection visual and/or audible alarm. A display console can be provided for controller  33  which can include a selector switch  55 , on off button  56 , indicator lamps  57  and  58 , along with default program button. Controller  33  can be operatively connected to a computer (e.g., a notebook computer) for programming operating values into controller regarding its operations. 
       FIGS. 1A and 1B  are schematic block diagrams of leak detection system  10  connected to two hydraulic systems—(a) hydraulic shears  11  and (b) the reel drive motor  38  for hose reel  40 . Leak detection system  10  can detect undesirable conditions in one or both of these two connected hydraulic systems. 
     A plurality of flow meters  45  and  46  can be used to measure flow to and from the monitored hydraulic systems (e.g., shears  11  and reel drive motor  38 ). The flow meter  45  sends a signal to controller  33  which is proportional to the rate of fluid flow in flow line  31 . The flow meter  46  sends a signal to controller  33  which is proportional to the rate of fluid flow in flow line  32 . 
     Pre-Leak Detection Testing 
     Leak detection  10  system can go through various pre-leak detection monitoring checks which are designed to ensure that the connected hydraulic systems (e.g., shears  11  and reel drive motor  38 ) are operating correctly. In one embodiment leak detection system  10  will shut off hydraulic power to the hydraulic pump  21  if one or more pre-monitoring exceptions are found. 
     Pre-monitoring exceptions can include, but are not limited to:
         (a) powering hydraulic pump  21  not operating such as not rotating between a predefined rotational range;   (b) the level of hydraulic fluid in reservoir tank  22  not being above a predefined reservoir tank level;   (c) the pressure in flow line  31  not being above a predefined pressure for such flow line;   (d) the pressure in flow line  32  not being above a predefined pressure for such flow line   (e) the pressure in flow line  41  not being above a predefined pressure for such flow line; and   (f) the pressure in flow line  42  not being above a predefined pressure for such flow line.       

     If one or more of the above pre-monitoring exceptions are found, leak detection system  10  can turn off power to pump  21 , and issue a warning signal indicating the identification of a pre-monitoring exception. The pressure exerted by the hydraulic fluid can be monitored by pressure transducers in flow lines  31 ,  32 ,  41 , and  42 . 
     If an exception condition is found, including satisfaction of the time periods for existence of such exception, the leak detection system  10  shuts down the identified leaking hydraulic system (e.g., shears  11  and/or reel drive motor  38 ). Shutting down a hydraulic system can include shutting off the flow of hydraulic fluid from the reservoir tank  22  to pump  21  and shutting off power to pump  21 . The hydraulic fluid flow can be shut off at reservoir tank  22  by turning a valve in line  27  to a closed position. 
     If a leaking exception condition satisfying leaking parameters has been found, the leaking hydraulic system (e.g., shears  11  or reel drive motor  38 ) causing the leaking event to be identified may be shut down and the indicator or display signals are sent to console to warn that a leaking event has been identified. The leak detected light  58  can be turned on and optionally an auditory alarm can also be issued. 
     Leak Detection Monitoring 
     In one embodiment, following the completion of the various pre-leak detection monitoring checks, leak detection system  10  can monitor one or both connected hydraulic systems (shears  11  and/or reel drive motor  38 ) by monitoring flow though flow meters  45  and  46  and comparing such monitored flow to certain predefined flow amounts for the particular hydraulic system being monitored. 
     In one embodiment leak detection system  10  provides a predefined startup period of time from activation of a hydraulic system to beginning of monitoring operations of flow meters  45  and  46 . Such predefined start up period of time allows the monitored hydraulic system time to stabilize before leak detection system  10  begins looking for leaking exceptions in monitoring conditions. In one embodiment such predefined start up period of time can be at least about 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 18, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, and/or 50 seconds. In various embodiments such predefined period of time can be a range between any two of the specified time periods. 
     Exceptions for leak detection can be identified by leak detection system  10  where a measured parameter falls outside of the predefined allowed ranged for such measured parameter. Additionally, preferably leak detection system  10  requires that the exception be present for a predetermined period of time before considering that an identified leaking exception is considered a leaking event and acting accordingly, such as by shutting down pump  21  and/or the hydraulic system (e.g., shears  11  or reel drive motor  38 ) causing the identified leaking exception to be present. 
     Frequency of Sampling Flow Meter Readings 
     In one embodiment leak detection system  10  can be user programmed regarding the frequency of sampling of which the system accepts signals from the plurality of flow meters  45  and  46 . Although “continuous” is used in this specification it is anticipated that, in any given time period, only a finite number sampling of measurements can be taken by leak detection system  10 . 
     In various embodiments embodiment sampling rates can be at least 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 120, 150, 200, 300, 500, 1000, 2000, or 3000 Hertz. In various embodiments sampling rates can be a range between any two of the specified sampling rates. 
     Time Period For Existence of Leaking Exception 
     In one embodiment leak detection system  10  responds or reacts rapidly to an identified leaking event, such as by shutting off power to pump  21  along with shutting off fluid flow from reservoir  22  to pump  21 . With the occurrence of such an event, leak detection system  10  can also issue a warning signal such as be lighting lamp  57  or lamp  58 , along with possibly issuing a audible warning signal such as a siren. 
     In one embodiment, after a leaking event is determined, leak detection system  10  will shut down the flagged hydraulic system (shears  11  or reel drive motor  38 ). This can occur after determining a leaking exception exists for a predetermined time. In one embodiment such predefined period of time that the leaking exception must exist before a leaking event can be identified, can be at least about 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 18, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, and/or 60 seconds. In various embodiments such predefined period of time can be a range between any two of the specified time periods. In various embodiments the user can program this predefined period of time and/or range into leak detection system  10 . 
     Programming Based on Actual Operating Conditions of Hydraulic Systems in a Non-Leaking Condition 
     In one embodiment benchmark conditions in a known non-leaking conditions to be expected when taking sampling measurements can be automatically programmed into the method and apparatus. In one embodiment predefined exception conditions can be programmed into leak detection system  10  based on actual operating conditions of the hydraulic system being monitored (e.g., shears  11  and/or reel drive motor  38 ). In one embodiment, the default predefined button can be provided in leak detection system  10 , and a method of programming predefined conditions for flow meters  45  and  46  can be as follows: 
     (1) Shear System 
     With hydraulic shear system  11 , hydraulic power can be suppled by pump  21  though lines  31  and  32  which respectively flow through lines  41  and  42 . The ratio of flow measured by flow meter  45  to compared to flow meter  46  (or vice versa) can be calculated by controller  33  and such ratio be set in the method and apparatus as the ideal predefined ratio in a non-leaking condition. 
     As best can be seen in  FIGS. 6 and 7 , for any particular movement of piston  16  inside of cylinder  19 , the amount of hydraulic fluid entering/leaving chamber section  17  is less than the amount of hydraulic fluid entering/leaving chamber section  18 . The difference is a result of pushrod  15  taking up part of the volume of chamber section  17 . Although not expected to be a 1:1 ratio, because pushrod  15  has a substantially uniform cross sectional area the ratio of the amount of fluid exchange between the two chamber sections is expected to be constant regardless of the position of piston  16  in cylinder  19 . In a preferred embodiment the ratio can be 1:2.28 and measured variations from this ratio can be used by leak detection system  10  to identify leaking exceptions for shear  11 , and if such identified leaking exception persists, a leaking event for shear  11 . 
     (2) Driving Motor for Hose Reel 
     For reel drive motor  38  hydraulic power can be suppled by pump  21  though lines  31  and  32  which power reel drive motor  38  to outlay or take up lines  41  and  42 . The ratio of flow measured by flow meter  45  to  46  can be calculated by controller  33  and such ratio be set as a predefined ratio in a non-leaking condition. However, this ratio in a non-leaking situation is expected to be 1:1 and this step can be omitted for programming the leak detection parameters for reel drive motor  38 . 
     Unlike shears  11 , reel drive motor  38  operably connected to hose reel  40  (and rotating reel  40  to outlet and take up of flow lines  41  and  42 ) will have input and output lines which, in a non-leaking condition, are expected to have a 1:1 ratio of hydraulic fluid entering and exiting driving motor  38 . 
     Use of Physical Dimensional Parameters to Calculate Predefined Ratios 
     As best can be seen in  FIGS. 6 and 7 , for any particular movement of piston  16  inside of cylinder  19 , the amount of hydraulic fluid entering/leaving chamber section  17  is less than the amount of hydraulic fluid entering/leaving chamber section  18 . The difference is a result of pushrod  15  taking up part of the volume of chamber section  17 . Although not expected to be a 1:1 ratio, because pushrod  15  has a substantially uniform cross sectional area the ratio of the amount of fluid exchange between the two chamber sections is expected to be constant regardless of the position of piston  16  in cylinder  19 . In a preferred embodiment the ratio can be 1:2.28 and measured variations from this ratio can be used by leak detection system  10  to identify leaking exceptions for shear  11 , and if such identified leaking exception persists, a leaking event for shear  11 . 
     In one embodiment, where the push rod has a diameter D r  and the piston has a diameter D P  the ratio between the two flow rates will be the same as the ratio of the cross sectional areas on either side of the piston, and can be calculated by the formula: 
     
       
         
           
             
               [ 
               
                 
                   D 
                   p 
                   2 
                 
                 - 
                 
                   D 
                   r 
                   2 
                 
               
               ] 
             
             
               D 
               p 
               2 
             
           
         
       
     
     In this embodiment a user can enter the diameter of the rod “D r ”and the diameter of the piston “D P ” and the method and apparatus can calculate the ideal predefined ratio in a non-leaking condition from which allowable variations can be looked for by the method and apparatus.
 
Customizing Allowable Variations from Predefined Non-Leaking Ratios
 
     In various embodiments a user can custom program leak detection system  10  to allow a variation of a selected amount from the predefined ratio in a non-leaking condition for either the hydraulic shear system  11  and/or reel drive motor  38 . In various embodiments such can be a symmetrical variation from the initial predefined ratio can be an allowable percentage variation from the initial predefined ratio. In various embodiments this allowable percentage can be at least about 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 18, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, and/or 50 percent. In various embodiments such exception variations can differ from variations above compared to variations below the user selected value in a non-leaking condition (e.g., the initial predefined ratio). 
     In various embodiments the lower limit can be one of the specified allowable variations, and the upper limit can be a different one of the specified allowable variations. 
     In various embodiments such user selected predefined parameters may be changed from time to time as the user desires. 
     At different points in time the user can use the default program button to calculate another predefined ratio for either hydraulic system (shear  11  or drive motor  38 ) as either hydraulic system&#39;s non-leaking characteristics may change over time. In one embodiment such predefined variations can be numerically entered into controller  33  by a computer. 
     As disclosed herein it is anticipated that leak detection system  10  can have programmed multiple sets of ratios for flow in flow meters  45  and  46  based on the different hydraulic systems which flow meters  45  and  46  are measuring flow in relation to. For example, when reel drive motor  38  is operating to lay out or take up hoses  41  and  42  (respectively lowering or raising shears  11 ), hydraulic shears  11  will not be operating. Accordingly, the values programmed for reel drive motor  38  are used by leak detection system  10 . 
     Catastrophic Leak Detection Testing 
     During operations leak detection system  10  system can go through various checks for catastrophic leaking events which are designed to ensure that the connected hydraulic systems (e.g., shears  11  and reel drive motor  38 ) do not suffer a catastrophic leaking event. In one embodiment leak detection system  10  will shut off hydraulic power to the hydraulic pump  21  and/or hydraulic systems if one or more pre-monitoring exceptions are found. 
     Catastrophic monitoring exceptions can include, but are not limited to:
         (a) no flow read by flow meter  45  while flow is read by flow meter  46 ;   (b) no flow read by flow meter  46  while flow is read by flow meter  45 ;   (c) the pressure in flow line  31  not being above a predefined pressure for such flow line;   (d) the pressure in flow line  32  not being above a predefined pressure for such flow line   (e) the pressure in flow line  41  not being above a predefined pressure for such flow line; and   (f) the pressure in flow line  42  not being above a predefined pressure for such flow line.       

     If one or more of the above catastrophic leak detection monitoring exceptions are found, leak detection system  10  can turn off power to pump  21 , shut down the hydraulic systems, and issue a warning signal indicating the identification of a catastrophic leak detection event. The pressure exerted by the hydraulic fluid can be monitored by pressure transducers in flow lines  31 ,  32 ,  41 , and  42 . 
     The following example illustrates the continuous calculation of a ratio of one chamber section  17  and the other chamber section  18 . In the Example 1 below, the computer or controller  33  of control station  30  continuously calculates the ratio of fluid that enters or departs from the chamber  18  and compares that volume of fluid with the volume of fluid that enters or departs from the chamber section  17 . The flow meters  45 ,  46  provide data to the controller or computer  33 . If the computer  33  calculates that the ratio of the volume of fluid entering and exiting the cylinders differs from a ratio for example of 2.28:1 in the following example, the computer knows that a leak has occurred and it sends a signal to the solenoid valve  64  to shut off the flow of diesel fuel to the engine  20  thus deactiving the engine  20 . In the case of an electric motor  50 , the computer or controller  33  sends a signal to the solenoid operated switch  66  which deactivates the electric motor  50 . 
     Example 1 
     An exemplary hydraulic cylinder could have the following dimensions: 
     Cylinder bore=8 inches (20 cm), cylinder rod=6 inches (15 cm), cylinder stroke=20.5 inches (52 cm) 
     For this system, shutdown occurs when the difference in volume entering and exiting the cylinder is different from the ratio between the cylinder piston area and the cylinder annulus area. The annulus area is equal to the piston area minus the rod area. The computer or controller  33  which is part of the control system  30  compensates for this difference in volume, continuously calculating the ratio based upon input from the flow meters  45 ,  46 . The computer or controller  33  can be a commercially available “Plus +1” controller available from Sauer-Danfoss (e.g. models MC024-010 or MC024-012). 
     The piston end volume is equal to the Cylinder Piston Area times the Cylinder Stroke 
     Cylinder piston area=Piston Diameter squared times a constant of (0.7845) 
     8″ (20 cm) squared (×) 0.7854=50.26 sq. in. (324.26 sq. cm) 
     Piston End Volume=50.26 sq. in. (324.26 sq. cm) (×) 20.5 in. (52 cm)=1030.33 cu. in.or 4.46 gallons (16,884.1 cu. cm) 
     The Rod end volume is equal to the Cylinder Annulus Area times the Cylinder Stroke 
     Rod Area=6″ (15 cm) squared (×) 0.7854=28.27 sq. in. (182.39 sq cm) 
     Cylinder Annulus=50.26 sq. in. (324.26 sq. cm) (−) 28.27 sq. in. (182.39 sq cm)=21.99 sq. in. (141.87 sq. cm) 
     Rod End Volume=21.99 sq. in. (141.87 sq. cm) (×) 20.5 in. (52 cm)=450.79 cu. in. or 1.95 gallons (7,381.6 cu. cm) 
     The ratio between the Piston End volume and the Rod End volume is (2.28:1) 
     Under normal operations with no leak present, the volume entering and exiting the cylinder will differ by the ratio of (2.28:1). If a leak occurs, the computer or controller  33  will then calculate a ratio that is not 2.28:1 and stop the prime mover,  20  or  50 . 
     Thus, if at any time the ratio of volume entering and exiting the cylinder is a value that is different from the ratio of (2.28:1) the controller or computer  33  will send a signal to shut down the diesel engine or electric motor and thus the hydraulic device  11 .  FIGS. 8-11  are schematic diagrams of the prime mover  20  and hose reel  40 .  FIG. 12  shows examples of hydraulically operated devices and components  70 ,  71 ,  72 ,  73 ,  74 . 
     The following is a list of parts that correspond to  FIG. 8 : 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 QTY 
                 Parts # 
                 Description 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 1 
                 2 
                 ⅛″ FM TEE NPT Brass 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 3 
                 ⅛″ FM × FM NPT 90* Brass 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 4 
                 ¼″ M JIC × ⅛″M NPT 90* Brass 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 6 
                 ⅛″ M × M NPT Hex Nip. Brass 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 7 
                 ⅛″ NPT100 PSI Murphy gauge(oil pres.) 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 8 
                 ¼″ Oil Pressure Switch 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 9 
                 ¼″ M × M NPT Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 10 
                 ¼″ M Jic × ¼″ Boss w/Jam Nut 90* 6K 
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 11 
                 ¼″ M Jic × ¼″ M NPT Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 7 
                 12 
                 ¼″ M Jic × ¼″ M NPT 90* 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 13 
                 ¼″ FM × FM Collar NPT 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 18 
                 ¼″ M × FM NPT Needle Valve (102 FMG) 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 20 
                 ¼″ NPT 10000 PSI gauge (Flush Mount) 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 23 
                 ¼″ × ½″ Bushing NPT 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 29 
                 ½″ M × M NPT Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 31 
                 ½″ FM × FM NPT Gate Valve Brass 
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 39 
                 1″ M × M NPT Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 40 
                 1″ M Jic × 1″ M NPT 45* 6K 
               
               
                   
                 5 
                 41 
                 1″ M Jic × 1″ M NPT Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 44 
                 1″ Tee NPT 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 51 
                 ¼″ × 1″ NPT Bushing 6K 
               
               
                   
                 6 
                 55 
                 1″ M NPT × 1″ M Jic 90* 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 56 
                 1¼″ M NPT × 1¼″ M Jic Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 57 
                 1¼″ M NPT × 1¼″ M Jic 90* 6K 
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 58 
                 1¼″ × 1″ NPT Bushing 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 63 
                 1½″ × 1¼″ NPT Bushing 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 64 
                 1½″ × 1″ NPT Bushing 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 65 
                 3″ × 1¼ Bushing NPT 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 66 
                 3″ All thread Sch. 80 NIP. 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 67 
                 3″ Hydraulic Oil Strainer FM × FM NPT 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 68 
                 3″ FM × FM NPT Gate Valve Brass 
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 71 
                 ¼″ FM × FM Jic 6K JJ Crimp 2′ 6″ 
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 73 
                 ¼″ FM × FM Jic Fuel line 7′ 
               
               
                   
                 5 
                 81 
                 1″ FM × FM Jic 6K JJ crimp 4′ 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 83 
                 1″ FM × FM Jic 6K JJ crimp 11′ 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 88 
                 1¼″ FM × FM Jic 6K JJ crimp 14′ 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 89 
                 BT 216 Oil filter (Baldwin) 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 90 
                 BT 387 Hydrauic return filter (Baldwin) 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 91 
                 BF-7681-D Fuel filter primary (Baldwin) 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 92 
                 BF-7674-D Fuel filter secondary (Baldwin) 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 95 
                 R20P Racor filter 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 101 
                 RS3542 Outer air filter (Baldwin) 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 102 
                 RS3543 Inner air filter (Baldwin) 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 103 
                 Relief valve CT 10 F 30 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 104 
                 ¼″ M Jic × ¼″ FM Compression 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 105 
                 1¼ M × M NPT Hex Nip 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 106 
                 2″ × 1½″ NPT Bushing 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 107 
                 Gates 9525 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following is a list of parts that correspond to  FIG. 9 : 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 QTY 
                 Parts # 
                 Description 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 1 
                 2 
                 ⅛″ FM TEE NPT Brass 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 3 
                 ⅛″ FM × Fm NPT 90* Brass 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 4 
                 ¼″ M JIC × ⅛″ M NPT 90* Brass 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 6 
                 ⅛″ M × M NPT Hex Nip. Brass 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 7 
                 ⅛″ NPT100 PSI Murphy gauge(oil pres.) 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 8 
                 ¼″ Oil Pressure Switch 
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 9 
                 ¼″ M × M NPT Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 11 
                 ¼″ M Jic × ¼″ M NPT Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 8 
                 12 
                 ¼″ M Jic × ¼″ M NPT 90* 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 13 
                 ¼″ FM × FM Collar NPT 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 17 
                 ¼″ M Stucci × FM NPT 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 19 
                 ¼″ FM NPT Shuttle Valve 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 20 
                 ¼″ NPT 10000 PSI gauge (Flush Mount) 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 23 
                 ¼″ × ½″ Bushing NPT 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 26 
                 ¼″ FM NPT × 14 mm M thread 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 27 
                 ½″ M Jic × 22 × 1.5 mm M thread 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 29 
                 ½″ M × M NPT Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 30 
                 ½″Jic × ½″ NPT 90* 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 31 
                 ½″ FM × FM NPT Gate Valve Brass 
               
               
                   
                 9 
                 39 
                 1″ M × M NPT Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 40 
                 1″ M Jic × 1″ M NPT 45* 6K 
               
               
                   
                 9 
                 41 
                 1″M Jic × 1″ NPT Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 42 
                 1″ FM Jic × ¾″ M NPT Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 44 
                 1″ Tee NPT 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 45 
                 1″ FM NPT 4-Way 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 48 
                 1″ Ball Valve 306-S 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 49 
                 1″ M Stucci × FM NPT 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 50 
                 1″ FM Stucci × FM NPT 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 51 
                 ¼″ × 1″ NPT Bushing 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 53 
                 1¼″ × ½″ NPT Bushing 6K 
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 55 
                 1″ M NPT × 1″ M Jic 90*6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 56 
                 1¼″ M NPT × 1¼″ M Jic Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 57 
                 1¼″ M NPT × 1¼″ M Jic 90* 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 58 
                 1¼″ × 1″ NPT Bushing 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 63 
                 1½″ × 1¼″ NPT Bushing 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 64 
                 1½″ × 1″ NPT Bushing 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 65 
                 3″ × 1¼ Bushing NPT 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 66 
                 3″ All thread Sch. 80 NIP. 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 67 
                 3″ Hydraulic Oil Strainer FM × FM NPT 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 68 
                 3″ FM × FM NPT Gate Valve Brass 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 70 
                 ¼″ FM × FM Jic 6K Blue Fuel line 1′ 2″ 
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 71 
                 ¼″ FM × FM Jic 6K JJ Crimp 2′ 6″ 
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 73 
                 ¼″ FM × FM Jic Fuel line 7′ 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 77 
                 ½″ FM × FM Jic 6K JJ Crimp 7′ 
               
               
                   
                 5 
                 81 
                 1″ FM × FM Jic 6K JJ crim p 4′ 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 83 
                 1″ FM × FM Jic 6K JJ crimp 11′ 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 88 
                 1¼″ FM × FM Jic 6K JJ crimp 14′ 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 89 
                 BT 216 Oil filter (Baldwin) 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 90 
                 BT 387 Hydrauic return filter (Baldwin) 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 91 
                 BF-7681-D Fuel filter primary (Baldwin) 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 92 
                 BF-7674-D Fuel filter secondary (Baldwin) 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 93 
                 RS3544 Outer air filter (Baldwin) 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 94 
                 RS3545 Inner air filter (Baldwin) 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 95 
                 R20P Racor filter 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 104 
                 ¼″M Jic × ¼″ FM Compression 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following is a list of parts that correspond to  FIG. 10 : 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 QTY 
                 Parts # 
                 Description 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 1 
                 2 
                 ⅛″ FM TEE NPT Brass 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 3 
                 ⅛″ FM × FM NPT 90* Brass 
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 4 
                 ¼″ M JIC × ⅛″ M NPT 90* Brass 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 5 
                 ¼″ M JIC × ⅛″ M NPT 45* Brass 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 6 
                 ⅛″ M × M NPT Hex Nip. Brass 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 7 
                 ⅛″ NPT100 PSI Murphy gauge(oil pres.) 
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 9 
                 ¼″ M × M NPT Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 7 
                 11 
                 ¼″ M Jic × ¼″ M NPT Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 12  
                 12 
                 ¼″ M Jic × ¼″ M NPT 90* 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 13 
                 ¼″ FM × FM Collar NPT 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 17 
                 ¼″ M Stucci × FM NPT 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 19 
                 ¼″ FM NPT Shuttle Valve 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 20 
                 ¼″ NPT 10000 PSI gauge (Flush Mount) 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 23 
                 ¼″ × ½″ Bushing NPT 6K 
               
               
                   
                 7 
                 24 
                 Banjo ¼″ FM NPT 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 25 
                 ⅜″ M Jic × ¼″ M NPT 90* 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 26 
                 ¼″ FM NPT × 14 mm M thread 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 27 
                 ½″ M Jic × 22 × 1.5 mm M thread 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 29 
                 ½″ M × M NPT Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 30 
                 ½″ Jic × ½″ NPT 90* 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 31 
                 ½″ FM × FM NPT Gate Valve Brass 
               
               
                   
                 9 
                 39 
                 1″ M × M NPT Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                  1+ 
                 40 
                 1″ M Jic × 1″ M NPT 45* 6K 
               
               
                   
                 9 
                 41 
                 1″ M Jic × 1″ M NPT Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 42 
                 1″ FM Jic × ¾″ M NPT Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 44 
                 1″ Tee NPT 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 45 
                 1″ FM NPT 4-Way 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 48 
                 1″ Ball Valve 306-S 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 49 
                 1″ M Stucci × FM NPT 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 50 
                 1″ FM Stucci × FM NPT 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 51 
                 ¼″ × 1″ NPT Bushing 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 53 
                 1¼″ × ½″ NPT Bushing 6K 
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 55 
                 1″ M NPT × T′M Jic 90* 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 56 
                 1¼″ M NPT × 1¼″ M Jic Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 57 
                 1¼″ M NPT × 1¼″ M Jic 90* 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 58 
                 1¼″ × 1″ NPT Bushing 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 63 
                 1½″ × 1¼″ NPT Bushing 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 64 
                 1½″ × 1″ NPT Bushing 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 65 
                 3″ × 1¼ Bushing NPT 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 66 
                 3″ All thread Sch. 80 NIP. 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 67 
                 3″ Hydraulic Oil Strainer FM × FM NPT 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 68 
                 3″ FM × FM NPT Gate Valve Brass 
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 70 
                 ¼″ FM × FM Jic 6K Blue Fuel line 1′ 2″ 
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 71 
                 ¼″ FM × FM Jic 6K JJ Crimp 2′ 6″ 
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 72 
                 ¼″ FM × FM Jic Fuel Line 3′ 6″ 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 73 
                 ¼″ FM × FM Jic Fuel line 7′ 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 77 
                 ½″ FM × FM Jic 6K JJ Crimp 7′ 
               
               
                   
                 5 
                 81 
                 1″ FM × FM Jic 6K JJ crimp 4′ 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 82 
                 1″ FM × FM Jic 6K JJ Crimp 9′4″ 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 88 
                 1¼″ FM × FM Jic 6K JJ crimp 14′ 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 90 
                 BT 387 Hydrauic return filter (Baldwin) 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 95 
                 R20P Racor filter 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 96 
                 0118-1749 Oil filter (Deutz) 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 97 
                 0118-1917 Fuel filter primary (Deutz) 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 98 
                 0131-9257 Outer Air filter (Deutz) 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 99 
                 01180-0870 Inner Air filter (Deutz) 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 100 
                 Duetz Fuel Pump 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following is a list of parts that correspond to  FIG. 11 : 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 QTY 
                 Item # 
                 Description 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 1 
                 9 
                 ¼″ M × M NPT Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 10 
                 ¼″ M Jic × ¼ Boss w/Jam Nut 90* 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 11 
                 ¼″ M Jic × ¼″ M NPT Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 14 
                 ¼″ M NPT × .¼″ M Jic Bulkhead Fit 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 15 
                 ¼″ Tee NPT 6K 
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 16 
                 ¼″ M Stucci × FM NPT 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 17 
                 ¼″ FM Stucci × FM NPT 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 18 
                 ¼″ M × FM NPT Needle Valve (102 FM G) 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 20 
                 10000 PSI gauge ¼″ NPT (Flush Mount) 
               
               
                   
                 6 
                 33 
                 ¾″ M Jic × ⅝″ Boss #10 Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 34 
                 ¾″ M Jic × ½″ M NPT Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 35 
                 ¾″ M Jic × ¾″ FM Jic 90* 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 37 
                 1″ M Jic × ¾″ Boss Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 38 
                 1″ M Jic × ¾ M Boss w/Jam Nut 90* 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 39 
                 1″ M × M NPT Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 40 
                 1″ M Jic × 1″ M NPT 45* 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 43 
                 1″ M JIC × 1″ M Type M Hex Nip 6K. 
               
               
                   
                 6 
                 46 
                 1″ M × M Type-M Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 47 
                 1″ M Type-M × M NPT Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 49 
                 1″ M Stucci × FM NPT 6K 
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 50 
                 1″ FM Stucci × FM NPT 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 54 
                 1¼″ M NPT × ¾″ M Jic Hex Nip 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 59 
                 1¼″ × 3″ SS XXH NPT Nipple 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 62 
                 1¼″ Sw iv. 90 w/grease cert style 60 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 71 
                 ¼″ FM × FM Jic 6K JJ Crimp 2′ 6″ 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 74 
                 ¼″ FM × FM Jic 6K JJ crimp 11′ 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 75 
                 ¼″ M × M NPT 6000 PSI hose 25′ 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 77 
                 ¾″ FM × FM Jic 6K JJ crimp 7′ 
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 78 
                 ¾″ FM × FM Jic 6K JJ crimp 2′ 6″ 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 80 
                 ¾″ FM × FM Jic 6K JJ crimp 11′ 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 82 
                 1″ FM × FM Jic 6K JJ crimp 9′ 4″ 
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 83 
                 1″ FM × FM Jic 6K JJ crimp 11′ 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 84 
                 1″ M × M NPT 6000 PSI hose 25′ 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 86 
                 1″ FM × FM Type M ¾″Hose 25′ 
               
               
                   
                 6 
                 87 
                 1″ FM × FM Type M ¾″Hose 150′ 
               
               
                   
                   
                 1-A 
                 Flow Meter 
               
               
                   
                   
                 1-B 
               
               
                   
                   
                 2-A 
               
               
                   
                   
                 2-B 
               
               
                   
                   
                 3-A 
               
               
                   
                   
                 3-B 
               
               
                   
                   
                 4-A 
               
               
                   
                   
                 4-B 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following is a list of parts that correspond to  FIG. 12 : 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 QTY 
                 Parts # 
                 Description 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 SHEAR 70 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 1 
                 49 
                 1″ M Stucci × FM NPT 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 50 
                 1″ FM Stucci × FM NPT 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 52 
                 1″ × 3″ XXH NPT Nipple 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 58 
                 1¼″ to 1″ Bushing NPT 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 60 
                 1¼″ × 5″ XXH NPT Nipple 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 62 
                 Swivel Style 60 6K 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 SHEAR 72 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 1 
                 49 
                 1″ M Stucci × FM NPT 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 50 
                 1″ FM Stucci × FM NPT 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 52 
                 1″ × 3″ XXH NPT Nipple 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 58 
                 1¼″ to 1″ Bushing NPT 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 60 
                 1¼″ × 5″ XXH NPT Nipple 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 62 
                 Swivel Style 60 6K 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 SHEAR 71 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 1 
                 49 
                 1″ M Stucci × FM NPT 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 50 
                 1″ FM Stucci × FM NPT 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 52 
                 1″ × 3″ XXH NPT Nipple 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 58 
                 1¼″ to 1″ Bushing NPT 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 59 
                 1¼″ × 3″ XXH NPT Nipple 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 62 
                 Swivel Style 60 6K 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 SHEAR 73 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 1 
                 49 
                 1″ M Stucci × FM NPT 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 50 
                 1″ FM Stucci × FM NPT 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 52 
                 1″ × 3″ XXH NPT Nipple 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 58 
                 1¼″ to 1″ Bushing NPT 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 60 
                 1¼″ × 5″ XXH NPT Nipple 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 62 
                 Swivel Style 60 6K 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 GRAPPLE 74 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 2 
                 47 
                 1″ M NPT × 1″ M Type-M Nipple 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 49 
                 1″ Male Stucci 6K 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 50 
                 1″ Female Stucci 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 58 
                 1¼″ to 1″ Bushing NPT 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 61 
                 1¼″ × 7″ XXH NPT Nipple 6K 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 62 
                 Swivel Style 60 6K 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following is a list of parts and materials suitable for use in the present invention: 
     
       
         
           
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                 PARTS LIST: 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                 PART NUMBER 
                 DESCRIPTION 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  1 
                 marine vessel 
               
               
                  2 
                 water surface area 
               
               
                  3 
                 deck area 
               
               
                  4 
                 crane/lifting device 
               
               
                  5 
                 lifting line 
               
               
                  6 
                 rigging 
               
               
                  7 
                 seabed 
               
               
                 10 
                 leak detection system 
               
               
                   10A 
                 leak detection system 
               
               
                 11 
                 hydraulic device/shear 
               
               
                 12 
                 hydraulic cylinder 
               
               
                 13 
                 body 
               
               
                 14 
                 jaw 
               
               
                 15 
                 pushrod 
               
               
                 16 
                 piston 
               
               
                 17 
                 chamber section 
               
               
                 18 
                 chamber section 
               
               
                 19 
                 cylinder 
               
               
                 20 
                 prime mover/diesel engine 
               
               
                 21 
                 pump 
               
               
                 22 
                 reservoir/hydraulic fluid 
               
               
                 23 
                 diesel fuel tank 
               
               
                 24 
                 case drain line/recycle line 
               
               
                 25 
                 flow line (pressure) 
               
               
                 26 
                 flow line (return) 
               
               
                 27 
                 flow line 
               
               
                 28 
                 hydraulic power unit 
               
               
                 30 
                 control station 
               
               
                 31 
                 flow line 
               
               
                 32 
                 flow line 
               
               
                 33 
                 computer/controller 
               
               
                 38 
                 drive motor for hose reel 
               
               
                 40 
                 hose reel 
               
               
                 41 
                 flow line 
               
               
                 42 
                 flow line 
               
               
                 45 
                 flow meter 
               
               
                 46 
                 flow meter 
               
               
                 47 
                 object/pipe 
               
               
                 48 
                 arrow 
               
               
                 49 
                 arrow 
               
               
                 50 
                 prime mover/electric motor 
               
               
                 51 
                 battery 
               
               
                 52 
                 positive lead 
               
               
                 53 
                 negative lead 
               
               
                 54 
                 hydraulic control valve 
               
               
                 55 
                 rotary cam switch 
               
               
                 56 
                 start button 
               
               
                 57 
                 lamp 
               
               
                 58 
                 lamp 
               
               
                 59 
                 jaw 
               
               
                 60 
                 attachment 
               
               
                 61 
                 pivotal connection 
               
               
                 62 
                 pivotal connection 
               
               
                 63 
                 arrow 
               
               
                 64 
                 solenoid operated valve 
               
               
                 65 
                 flow line 
               
               
                 66 
                 switch/solenoid operated switch 
               
               
                 67 
                 cooler 
               
               
                 68 
                 lever 
               
               
                 70 
                 shear 
               
               
                 71 
                 shear 
               
               
                 72 
                 shear 
               
               
                 73 
                 shear 
               
               
                 74 
                 grapple 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     All measurements disclosed herein are at standard temperature and pressure, at sea level on Earth, unless indicated otherwise. All materials used or intended to be used in a human being are biocompatible, unless indicated otherwise. 
     The foregoing embodiments are presented by way of example only; the scope of the present invention is to be limited only by the following claims.