Patent Publication Number: US-11031703-B2

Title: Antenna unit and antenna system

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present disclosure relates to the technical field of antennas, and in particular, to an antenna unit and an antenna system. 
     BACKGROUND 
     In wireless communication equipment, there is always a device that radiates electromagnetic energy into space and receives electromagnetic energy from space. This device is the antenna. The role of the antenna is to transmit a digital or analog signal modulated to the RF frequency to a spatial wireless channel, or to receive a digital or analog signal modulated at the RF frequency from a spatial wireless channel. 
     5G serves as the focus of research and development in the global industry, and the development of 5G technology and setting of 5G standard have become the industry consensus. At the ITU-RWP5D 22nd meeting convened by the international telecommunication union (ITU) in June 2015, it is clarified that there are three main application scenarios for 5G: enhanced mobile broadband, large-scale machine communication, and high-reliability low-latency communication. The three application scenarios respectively correspond to different key indexes, in which the peak rate of a user in the enhanced mobile bandwidth scenario is 20 Gbps, and the minimum user experience rate is 100 Mbps. The high carrier frequency and large bandwidth characteristics unique to millimeter waves are the main means to achieve 5G ultra-high data transmission rate. 
     Therefore, it is necessary to provide an antenna system suitable for future 5G technology. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
       Many aspects of the exemplary embodiment can be better understood with reference to the following drawings. The components in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, the emphasis instead being placed upon clearly illustrating the principles of the present disclosure. Moreover, in the drawings, like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the several views. 
         FIG. 1  is a structural schematic side view of an antenna unit according to the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 2  is a structural schematic front view of the antenna unit according to the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 3  is a reflection coefficient diagram of the antenna unit according to the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 4  is an overall antenna efficiency diagram of the antenna unit according to the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 5  is a radiation pattern of an E1 plane of the antenna unit according to the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 6  is a radiation pattern of an E2 plane of the antenna unit according to the present disclosure; and 
         FIG. 7  is a schematic diagram of an array structure of an antenna system according to the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     The present disclosure will be further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and the embodiments. 
     With reference to  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2 , an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an antenna unit  100 , including a radiator  1 , a dielectric layer  2 , and an antenna ground plane  3  which are sequentially stacked. The radiator  1  includes a first antenna unit  11  and a second antenna unit  12  which are spaced apart from and coupled to each other. The antenna unit  100  is a millimeter wave wideband antenna, and the coverage band is 37-42.5 GHz. 
     The first antenna unit  11  is provided with a feeding point  110  connected to an external power source and two first grounding points  111  connected to the antenna ground plane  3 . For example, the first antenna unit  11  includes a rectangular body portion  112  and an extending portion  113  extending from a corner portion, close to the second antenna unit  12 , of the body portion  112  towards the second antenna unit  12 . The feeding point  110  is arranged at the extending portion  113 , and the two first grounding points  111  are respectively arranged at two corner portions, close to the second antenna unit  12 , of the body portion  112 . 
     The second antenna unit  12  is provided with three second grounding points  121  connected to the antenna ground plane  3 . The second antenna unit  12  includes a recess portion  120  arranged corresponding to the extending portion  113 . Since the recess portion  120  is provided, the second antenna unit  12  forms four corner portions at one side close to the first antenna unit  11 , and the three second grounding points  121  are respectively arranged at the three corner portions thereof. For example, two of the second grounding points  121  are located at opposite corners of the recess portion  120 , and the remaining one of the second grounding points  121  is located at the corner portion facing away from the recess portion  120 . 
     A coupling gap  13  is provided between the first antenna unit  11  and the second antenna unit  12 , and the feeding point  110 , the first grounding points  111 , and the second grounding points  121  are arranged close to the coupling gap  13 . 
     The reflection coefficient of the antenna unit  100  is as shown in  FIG. 3 . It can be seen that the reflection coefficients are all less than −15 dB in the coverage band of 37-42.5 GHz of the antenna unit  100 . The overall antenna efficiency of the antenna unit  100  is as shown in  FIG. 4  in the coverage band of 37-42.5 GHz of the antenna unit  100 . The radiation directions of the antenna unit  100  in an E1 plane and an E2 plane are as shown in  FIG. 5  and  FIG. 6 , respectively. 
     With reference to  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 7 , the present disclosure also provides an antenna system  200 , including the antenna unit  100 . A plurality of radiators forms an array on the same dielectric layer  2 . In  FIG. 7 , the antenna unit  100  forms an 8*8 planar array. It should be noted that, according to actual needs and installation environments, the antenna unit  100  may also form a larger or smaller planar array, or may form a linear array or three-dimensional array. 
     Compared with the related art, the antenna unit provided by the present disclosure works in the band of 37-42.5 GHz, has a good antenna performance, wide working band, simple structure, and low profile, and is easy to implement. 
     The above are merely the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can also make improvements, without departing from the creative conception of the present disclosure, which all shall fall within the scope of the present disclosure.