Patent Publication Number: US-11022293-B2

Title: Adjustable optic and lighting device assembly with elastic member

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS AND CLAIM OF PRIORITY 
     This application is a Continuation Application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/226,526, filed Dec. 19, 2018, the content of which are fully incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Lighting devices such as, but not limited to, track lights, can include configurations that allow for adjustment of the direction of emitted light or light beam. Such lighting devices may include a light source, such as a light emitting diode (LED). Typically, the brightness of an LED light source is directly related to the speed in which heat can be transferred away from the LED component, which should desirably be maintained under about 105° Celsius. However, if the LED component is mounted on a moveable structure, such as a free-floating fixture head that is movable to adjust a light beam direction, heat may not be efficiently transferred from the LED component through the moveable structure. Therefore, the brightness of light emitted from the LED light source may be reduced. 
     If the lighting device has a light source that is mounted directly to a fixture housing of substantial mass and suitable heat conductive material, the fixture housing may help to dissipate heat away from the LED light source, to improve LED performance. However, in lighting devices having light sources fixed to fixture housings of sufficient mass for heat dissipation, it may not be possible to adjust the direction of a downlight beam. In addition, if the lighting device includes a fixture head that is moveable together with the optics to adjust the direction of emitted light, some light may be blocked by the bezel or housing containing the optics and light source, when the fixture head is moved. 
     SUMMARY 
     This application is related to U.S. application Ser. No. 15/984,008 (now U.S. Pat. No. 10,145,519), filed on May 18, 2018, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/828,234, filed on Nov. 30, 2017, both of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety herein. This application is also related to U.S. application Ser. No. 16/175,470, filed on Oct. 30, 2018, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety herein. 
     One or more examples and aspects described herein relate to an optic assembly having an adjustable optic in which loss of light is reduced. Other examples and aspects described herein relate to a lighting device and a lighting device assembly including that optic assembly. One or more examples and aspects described herein relate to an optic assembly having an adjustable optic, a lighting device or a lighting device assembly that includes that optic and has improved heat transfer characteristics. 
     According to an example embodiment, a lighting device assembly includes: a heat sink; a light source attached to one end of the heat sink; an optic assembly configured to pivot an optic about the light source; a housing member having a cavity in which at least a portion of the optic assembly is received; and an elastic member configured to press the optic assembly against the cavity to maintain an adjusted position of the optic. 
     In some embodiments, the optic assembly may include an exterior surface configured to slideably engage the elastic member when the optic is moved. 
     In some embodiments, a portion of the elastic member may be configured to surround a portion of the optic assembly. 
     In some embodiments, the elastic member may include an eyelet configured to receive the portion of the optic assembly. 
     In some embodiments, the elastic member may include a spring. 
     In some embodiments, the spring may be a wave disk spring, a wave spring, a disk spring, a flat wire spring, or a coil spring. 
     In some embodiments, the exterior surface of the optic assembly may have a first curvature that is configured to slideably engage with a curved surface of the cavity, and a second curvature that is configured to slideably engage with the elastic member. 
     In some embodiments, the optic assembly may include: a holding member having an interior volume in which the optic is contained; and a locking member configured to lock the optic in a position within the holding member, the locking member having an opening configured to receive the light source extended therein by the heat sink. 
     In some embodiments, the holding member may include an exterior surface corresponding to the first curvature, and the locking member may include an exterior surface corresponding to the second curvature. 
     In some embodiments, the holding member may include an exterior surface having a first surface portion corresponding to the first curvature and a second surface portion corresponding to the second curvature. 
     In some embodiments, the heat sink may have a first width at the one end attached to the light source and a second width at an opposite end, the second width being smaller than the first width. 
     In some embodiments, the opposite end of the heat sink may be configured to receive an edge portion of the optic assembly when the optic is pivoted. 
     In some embodiments, at least one of an outer surface of the optic assembly and the cavity of the housing member may include a friction material that provides a friction surface between the optic assembly and the cavity when the outer surface of the optic slideably engages the cavity of the housing member. 
     In some embodiments, the lighting device assembly may be configured to be mounted to a structure, and the optic may be configured to pivot about the light source while the heat sink is stationary relative to the structure. 
     According to another embodiment, an optic assembly configured to pivot an optic about a light source, includes: a holding member having an interior volume configured to contain the optic; and a locking member configured to lock the optic in a position within the holding member, the locking member having an opening configured to receive the light source attached to an end of a heat sink. The optic assembly is configured to pivot the optic about the light source by slideably engaging a cavity of a housing member in which at least a portion of the optic assembly is received, and by slideably engaging an elastic member configured to press the optic assembly against the cavity. 
     In some embodiments, an exterior surface of the optic assembly may have a first curvature that is configured to slideably engage with a curved surface of the cavity, and a second curvature that is configured to slideably engage with the elastic member. 
     In some embodiments, the holding member may include an exterior surface corresponding to the first curvature, and the locking member may include an exterior surface corresponding to the second curvature. 
     In some embodiments, at least a portion of the locking member may be configured to be received within an eyelet of the elastic member. 
     In some embodiments, the holding member may include an exterior surface having a first surface portion corresponding to the first curvature and a second surface portion corresponding to the second curvature. 
     In some embodiments, at least a portion of the second surface portion may be configured to be received within an eyelet of the elastic member. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The above and other aspects and features of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of the example embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: 
         FIGS. 1A-1D  are perspective views of a lighting device assembly according to various example embodiments; 
         FIGS. 2A and 2B  are exploded views of a lighting device assembly according to various example embodiments; 
         FIG. 3  is a top view of a lighting device assembly according to an example embodiment; 
         FIG. 4  is a perspective view of an optic of a lighting device assembly according to an example embodiment; 
         FIG. 5A  is a cross-sectional view of the lighting device shown in  FIG. 2A  with the optic in a first position according to an example embodiment; 
         FIG. 5B  is a cross-sectional view of the lighting device in  FIG. 5A  with the optic in a second position according to an example embodiment; 
         FIG. 6A  is a cross-sectional view of the lighting device shown in  FIG. 2B  with the optic in a first position according to an example embodiment; and 
         FIG. 6B  is a cross-sectional view of the lighting device in  FIG. 6A  with the optic in a second position according to an example embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Hereinafter, example embodiments will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention, however, may be embodied in various different forms, and should not be construed as being limited to only the illustrated embodiments herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided as examples so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the aspects and features of the present invention to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, processes, elements, and techniques that are not necessary to those having ordinary skill in the art for a complete understanding of the aspects and features of the present invention may not be described. Unless otherwise noted, like reference numerals denote like elements throughout the attached drawings and the written description, and thus, descriptions thereof may not be repeated. Further, features or aspects within each example embodiment should typically be considered as available for other similar features or aspects in other example embodiments. 
     In the drawings, the relative sizes of elements, layers, and regions may be exaggerated and/or simplified for clarity. Spatially relative terms, such as “beneath,” “below,” “lower,” “under,” “above,” “upper,” and the like, may be used herein for ease of explanation to describe one element or feature&#39;s relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or in operation, in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” or “under” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the example terms “below” and “under” can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein should be interpreted accordingly. 
     It will be understood that, although the terms “first,” “second,” “third,” etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section described below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. 
     It will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being “on,” “connected to,” or “coupled to” another element or layer, it can be directly on, connected to, or coupled to the other element or layer, or one or more intervening elements or layers may be present. In addition, it will also be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being “between” two elements or layers, it can be the only element or layer between the two elements or layers, or one or more intervening elements or layers may also be present 
     The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention. As used herein, the singular forms “a” and “an” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes,” and “including,” “has,” “have,” and “having,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Expressions such as “at least one of,” when preceding a list of elements, modify the entire list of elements and do not modify the individual elements of the list. 
     As used herein, the term “substantially,” “about,” and similar terms are used as terms of approximation and not as terms of degree, and are intended to account for the inherent variations in measured or calculated values that would be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art. Further, the use of “may” when describing embodiments of the present invention refers to “one or more embodiments of the present invention.” As used herein, the terms “use,” “using,” and “used” may be considered synonymous with the terms “utilize,” “utilizing,” and “utilized,” respectively. Also, the term “exemplary” is intended to refer to an example or illustration. 
     Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and/or the present specification, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense, unless expressly so defined herein. 
     According to various embodiments, an adjustable lighting device with an elastic member is provided to simplify and improve the adjustability of an optic about a stationary light source and heat sink. In some embodiments, an adjustable lighting device with an improved heat sink is provided for transferring heat away from the light source. In some embodiments, an adjustable lighting device with an improved heat sink is provided for increasing the adjustable movement of the optic. 
       FIGS. 1A through 1D  are perspective views of four examples of a lighting device assembly according to various embodiments of the present invention, where like elements in those drawings are labeled with like reference numbers. Referring to  FIGS. 1A and 1B , the lighting device assembly  100  may include a housing member (or a bezel)  102 , an optic assembly  104 , and a top member (e.g., a mounting bracket)  112 . The optic assembly  104  may pivot and/or rotate within the housing member  102  to adjust a direction of emitted light. While  FIGS. 1A and 1B  show that the housing member  102  generally has a cylindrical shape, other embodiments may include housing members  102  having other suitable shapes, including but not limited to curved or partially spherical shapes, conical, cube or cuboid shapes, rectangular shapes, triangular shapes, or the like. 
     In various embodiments, the lighting device assembly  100  may be mounted to various structures and/or incorporated into various structures. For example, as shown in  FIG. 1A , the lighting device assembly  100  may be attached to an end of an extension member (e.g., a rod or pole)  130 , as in the case of a pendent light, desk light, lamp, and the like. In some other examples, as shown in  FIG. 1B , the lighting device assembly  100  may be mounted to a surface of an object (such as, but not limited to, a fixture housing, track lighting, downlights, linear lights, board, ceiling, wall, floor, and the like)  132 , or may be recessed into a surface of an object (such as, but not limited to a ceiling, wall, floor, shelf, cabinet, and the like)  134 . In yet other examples, as shown in  FIGS. 1C and 1D , one or more lighting device assemblies  100  may be mounted on (or within) a fixture housing  105 . For example, as shown in  FIG. 1C , one lighting device assembly  100  may be mounted within a single light fixture frame member  107  of the fixture housing  105 , or as shown in  FIG. 1D , two or more lighting device assemblies  100  may be mounted within a multi-light fixture frame member  109  of the fixture housing  105 . Further, in various embodiments, a plurality of lighting device assemblies  100  may be arranged in various combinations as desired. 
     In some embodiments, the fixture housing  105  may facilitate the mounting of one or more lighting device assemblies  100  within various spaces. For example, referring to  FIGS. 1C and 1D , the fixture housing  105  includes an isolation body  1302  to house one or more fixture frame members  107  and/or  109  having one or more lighting device assemblies  100  of the embodiments of the present invention mounted therein. The isolation body  1302  is connected to a plurality of adjustable brackets  1304  for mounting on a plurality of male and female slippers  1306 . The male and female slippers  1306  may be expanded or collapsed to mount the isolation body  1302  within various spaces. According to various embodiments, since heat sinks  108  of the lighting device assemblies  100  remain stationary even when the optic  120  is pivoted or rotated, a depth of the isolation body  1302  may be smaller than those of comparative housings where the heat sink is moved to adjust a direction of light. Accordingly, the isolation body  1302  of the fixture housing  105  may have a lower profile than those of comparative housings. While  FIGS. 1A through 1D  show four examples of lighting device shapes and relative dimensions, other embodiments have other suitable shapes and relative dimensions. 
       FIGS. 2A and 2B  are exploded views of a lighting device assembly  100  according to various embodiments of the present invention. Referring to  FIGS. 2A and 2B , in various embodiments, the lighting device assembly  100  may include the housing member  102 , an optic assembly (e.g.,  104  or  204 ), an elastic member  110 , a light source assembly  106 , a heat sink  108 , and the top member  112 . In various embodiments, the optic assembly (e.g.,  104  or  204 ) may include a lens filter  116 , a holding member (e.g.,  118  or  218 ), an optic  120  (one or more lens, filter or combination thereof), and a locking member (e.g.,  122  or  222 ). Accordingly, the lighting device assembly  100  shown in  FIG. 2B  may be the same or similar to the lighting device assembly  100  shown in  FIG. 2A , except the structure, size, and/or shape of some of the components (e.g., the optic assembly  104  and  204 ) may be variously modified. Thus, the features or aspects described herein with reference to one or more of the various embodiments shown in  FIGS. 2A and 2B  should typically be considered as available for other similar features or aspects described with reference to other ones of the various embodiments shown in  FIGS. 2A and 2B . 
     In more detail, as shown in  FIG. 2A , in some embodiments, the lighting device assembly  100  may include the housing member  102 , an optic assembly  104 , the elastic member  110 , the light source assembly  106 , the heat sink  108 , and the top member  112 . In some embodiments, the optic assembly  104  may include the lens filter  116 , a holding member  118 , the optic  120  (one or more lens, filter or combination thereof), and a locking member  122 . In various embodiments, the lens filter  116  may change a characteristic of emitted light (e.g., color, brightness, focus, polarization, linear spread filter, wall wash filter, baffles, glare guards, snoots, and/or the like). However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the lens filter  116  may be formed as a part of the optic  120 , or the lens filter  116  may be optional or omitted. In various embodiments, each of the housing member  102 , the holding member  118 , and the locking member  122  may be formed or include any suitable material, for example, metal, plastic, glass, ceramic, and/or the like, or any suitable composite material thereof. 
     The holding member  118  receives the optic  120  (and the optional lens filter  116 ), and may facilitate the movement (e.g., pivot and/or rotation) of the optic  120  within the housing member  102 . For example, the holding member  118  may slideably engage a cavity of the housing member  102  in a ball and socket manner. In various embodiments, the holding member  118  may have an outer surface having a curvature that is held within a corresponding cavity (with a corresponding mating curvature and dimension) within the housing member  102 . For example, the outer surface of the holding member  118  may have a shape of a portion of a sphere (e.g., a lower hemisphere portion), and may be held within a corresponding sphere-shaped cavity within the housing member  102 . Accordingly, in various embodiments, the optic  120  may pivot in any direction (e.g., on a 360 degree plane) within the housing member  102 , by slideably engaging the cavity of the housing member  102  via the holding member  118 . However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and in another embodiment, the pivoting directions of the optic  120  may be limited or reduced, for example, by providing stop surfaces or a shape of the surface of the holding member  118  and/or a shape of the cavity within the housing member  102 , that limits movement in one or more directions. 
     In various embodiments, the locking member  122  may lock the optic  120  and the optional lens filter  116  within the holding member  118 . For example, still referring to  FIG. 2A , in some embodiments, the locking member  122  may have an upper portion and a lower portion. The lower portion of the locking member  122  may have a tubular (or ring) shape that extends from the upper portion toward the holding member  118  to mate with the holding member  118 . For example, the lower portion of the locking member  122  may lock (e.g., twist-lock) the optic  120  and the optional lens filter  116  at a suitable position within the holding member  118 . In various embodiments, the locking member  122  may include an opening through which the light source assembly  106  and/or the heat sink  108  is received to enable pivoting or rotation of the optic  120  about the light source assembly  106  and/or the heat sink  108 . 
     In various embodiments, the elastic member  110  may be a spring (e.g., a wave disk spring, wave spring, disk spring, flat wire spring, coil spring, and/or the like), that exerts a force on the optic assembly  104  (e.g., the upper portion of the locking member  122 ) to press the optic assembly  104  (e.g., the holding member  118 ) against the sphere-shaped cavity within the housing member  102 . In other embodiments, the elastic member  110  may include a resilient material or other structure that imparts a bias force on the optic assembly  104  as described herein. For example, in various embodiments, when the optic  120  is pivoted or rotated about the light source assembly  106  and/or the heat sink  108 , the optic assembly  104  (having the optic  120 ) can be pressed towards the elastic member  110  to pivot or rotate the optic  120  to a desired position. Once the optic  120  is at the desired position (and the optic assembly  104  is released from the pressed state), the elastic member  110  extends toward a natural state to exert a force on the optic assembly  104 , and presses the holding member  118  of the optic assembly  104  against the cavity within the housing member  102 , thereby holding the optic  120  at the desired position. In various embodiments, the elastic member  110  may include or be formed of any suitable material having elasticity and resiliency, for example, such as metal, plastic, or any suitable composite material. 
     For example, in some embodiments, the upper portion of the locking member  122  may slideably engage an eyelet (e.g., opening, through-hole, groove, or recess) in the elastic member  110 , such as in a ball and socket manner. In some embodiments, the upper portion of the locking member  122  may have an outer surface having a curvature so that the upper portion of the locking member  122  is partially received in the eyelet of the elastic member  110 . For example, in some embodiments, the outer surface of the upper portion of the locking member  122  may have a shape corresponding to a portion of a sphere (e.g., an upper hemisphere portion) that is partially held within the eyelet of the elastic member  110  such that a portion of the elastic member  110  surrounds a portion of the upper portion of the locking member  122 . In this case, when the optic assembly  104  is pivoted, the curvature of the upper portion of the locking member  122  slideably engages the eyelet to remain within the eyelet of the elastic member  110  so that the force exerted thereon by the elastic member  110  can be distributed around the upper portion of the locking member  122  to hold the optic assembly  104  at the desired position. 
     In some embodiments, at least one of the outer surface of the holding member  118  or an interior surface of the cavity of the housing member  102  may include a friction member or a friction material coating to provide a friction surface to maintain a pivoted position of the optic  120  and the optic assembly  104  within the housing member  102 . For example, when the optic  120  is pressed and pivoted (with the holding member  118 ) to a desired position within the housing member  102  and then released, the elastic member  110  presses the optic assembly  104  (with the holding member  118 ) against the interior surface of the cavity of the housing member  102  so that the engaging surfaces thereof frictionally engages the friction surface, to prevent or substantially prevent the holding member  118  from shifting (or sliding) to a different position from the desired position due to gravity (i.e., without manual force) or due to the force exerted by the elastic member  110 . Preferably, the frictional force may be overcome by manual force applied to manually adjust or move (pivot and/or rotate) the optic  120  and the holding member  118  relative to the housing member  102 . Accordingly, the friction member or the friction material coating of the engaging surfaces of the holding member  118  and/or the interior surface of the cavity of the housing member  102  may include any suitable material to provide the friction surface, for example, but not limited to, silicone, rubber, and/or the like. In further examples, the friction surface of the engaging surfaces of the holding member  118  and/or the cavity of the housing member  102  includes contour, roughness or other features that enhance friction. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the friction surface or friction material coating may be omitted. 
     Referring to  FIG. 2B , the lighting device assembly  100  may include the housing member  102 , an optic assembly  204 , the elastic member  110 , the light source assembly  106 , the heat sink  108 , and the top member  112 . In some embodiments, the optic assembly  204  may include the optional lens filter  116 , a holding member  218 , the optic  120  (one or more lens, filter or combination thereof), and a locking member  222 . In various embodiments, each of the housing member  102 , the holding member  218 , and the locking member  222  may be formed or include any suitable material, for example, metal, plastic, glass, ceramic, and/or the like, or any suitable composite material thereof. In some embodiments, the optic assembly  204  may be similar to the optic assembly  104  shown in  FIG. 2A . However, as shown in  FIG. 2B , the holding member  218  includes an outer surface having a lower surface portion and an upper surface portion. The lower surface portion has a shape corresponding to the outer surface of the holding member  118  (e.g., a lower hemisphere portion of the sphere) shown in  FIG. 2A , and the upper surface portion has a shape corresponding to the outer surface of the upper portion of the locking member  122  (e.g., an upper hemisphere portion of the sphere) shown in  FIG. 2A . 
     Accordingly, in some embodiments, the locking member  222  may lock the optic  120  and the optional lens filter  116  within the holding member  218 . For example, the locking member  222  may have a tubular (or ring) shape, and may lock (e.g., twist-lock) the optic  120  (and the optional lens filter) at a suitable position within the holding member  218 . In various embodiments, the locking member  222  may include an opening through which the light source assembly  106  and/or the heat sink  108  is received to enable pivoting or rotation of the optic  120  about the light source assembly  106  and/or the heat sink  108 . However, in other embodiments, the locking member  222  may be omitted. For example, in other embodiments, the optic  120  may have a self-locking (e.g., twist-lock) mechanism to be locked within the holding member  218 , and in this case, the locking member  222  may be omitted. 
     Still referring to  FIG. 2B , in some embodiments, the holding member  218  receives the optic  120  (and the optional lens filter  116 ), and may facilitate the movement (e.g., pivot and/or rotation) of the optic  120  within the housing member  102 . For example, the lower surface portion of the outer surface of the holding member  218  may slideably engage a cavity (with a corresponding mating curvature and dimension) of the housing member  102  in a ball and socket manner. Accordingly, in various embodiments, the optic  120  may pivot in any direction (e.g., on a 360 degree plane) within the housing member  102 , by slideably engaging the cavity of the housing member  102  via the holding member  218 . The upper surface portion of the outer surface of the holding member  218  may slideably engage the eyelet (e.g., through-hole, groove, or recess) of the elastic member  110  in a ball and socket manner. Thus, in some embodiments, the upper surface portion of the holding member  218  may have the curvature (e.g., upper hemisphere portion) that is partially held within the eyelet of the elastic member  110  such that a portion of the elastic member  110  surrounds a portion of the upper surface portion of the holding member  218 . In this case, when the optic assembly  204  is pivoted, the curvature of the upper surface portion slideably engages the eyelet to remain within the eyelet of the elastic member  110  so that the force exerted thereon by the elastic member  110  can be distributed around the upper surface portion to hold the optic assembly  204  at the desired position. 
     In some embodiments, at least one of the outer surface of the holding member  218  or an interior surface of the cavity of the housing member  102  may include a friction member or a friction material coating to provide a friction surface to maintain a pivoted position of the optic  120  and the optic assembly  204  within the housing member  102 . For example, when the optic  120  is pressed and pivoted (with the holding member  218 ) to a desired position within the housing member  102  and then released, the elastic member  110  presses the optic assembly  204  (with the holding member  218 ) against the interior surface of the cavity of the housing member  102  so that the engaging surfaces thereof frictionally engages the friction surface, to prevent or substantially prevent the holding member  218  from shifting (or sliding) to a different position from the desired position due to gravity (i.e., without manual force) or due to the force exerted by the elastic member  110 . Preferably, the frictional force may be overcome by manual force applied to manually adjust or move (pivot and/or rotate) the optic  120  and the holding member  218  relative to the housing member  102 . Accordingly, the friction member or the friction material coating of the engaging surfaces of the holding member  218  and/or the interior surface of the cavity of the housing member  102  may include any suitable material to provide the friction surface, for example, but not limited to, silicone, rubber, and/or the like. In further examples, the friction surface of the engaging surfaces of the holding member  218  and/or the cavity of the housing member  102  includes contour, roughness or other features that enhance friction. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the friction surface or friction material coating may be omitted. 
     Referring generally to  FIGS. 2A and 2B , in various embodiments, the light source assembly  106  may include a light source and a circuit board to connect the light source to one or more wires  114  for powering the light source. The light source may include, for example, one or more light emitting diodes (LEDs), or an array of multiple LEDs. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the light source may include any suitable light source (e.g., LED, incandescent, halogen, fluorescent, combinations thereof, and/or the like). In some embodiments, the light source may emit white light. In other embodiments, the light source may emit any suitable color or frequency of light, or may emit a variety of colored lights. For example, when the light source includes an array of LEDs, each of the LEDs (or each group of plural groups of LEDs in the array) may emit a different colored light (such as, but not limited to white, red, green, and blue), and, in further embodiments, two or more of the different colored lights may be selectively operated simultaneously to mix and produce a variety of different colored lights, or in series to produce light that changes in color over time. 
     In various embodiments, the light source assembly  106  may be attached (or mounted) to the heat sink  108  via the circuit board and one or more attachment elements. For example, in some embodiments, the circuit board having the light source mounted thereon may be connected to the heat sink  108  via the attachment elements. In another example, the circuit board may have a frame shape that is arranged over the light source, and connected to the heat sink  108  via the attachment elements with the light source interposed therebetween. The attachment elements may include one or more of any suitable attachment elements, for example, a screw, a nail, a clip, an adhesive, and/or the like. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the circuit board may be omitted, and the light source may be directly attached (or mounted) to the heat sink  108 . 
     In various embodiments, the heat sink  108  may draw heat away from the light source of the light source assembly  106 . Accordingly, the heat sink  108  may be made of any suitable material, composition, or layers thereof having sufficient heat transfer and/or dissipation qualities, for example, aluminum, copper, and/or the like. In an example embodiment, the heat sink  108  may be formed (e.g., cast) from solid aluminum. The heat sink  108  may have a shape corresponding to an elongated body (e.g., a pedestal) that extends from the top member  112  through the opening of the locking member  122  or  222 . 
     In some embodiments, the heat sink  108  and the top member  112  may be formed (e.g., cast) as a unitary member. In this case, manufacturing and assembly costs may be reduced, and heat transfer characteristics may be improved. However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the heat sink  108  and the top member  112  may be separately formed and then subsequently connected (or attached) together during an assembly process. In some embodiments, the heat sink  108  may be in direct contact with the light source assembly  106  (and, in particular, with the light source) and may extend the light source assembly  106  at least partially into the opening of the of the locking member  122  or  222 . 
     In particular embodiments, the heat sink  108  holds the light source assembly  106  in a position in which the light source assembly  106  remains fully within the opening of the locking member  122  or  222  with respect to a recess of the optic  120 , throughout the full range of adjustable movement (e.g., pivot and/or rotation) of the optic  120  with the holding member  118  or  218 . In other embodiments, the light source assembly  106  is held in a position in which the light source assembly  106  remains fully within the recess of the optic  120 , throughout the full range of adjustable movement (e.g., pivot and/or rotation) of the optic  120  with the holding member  118  or  218 . In still other embodiments, the light source assembly  106  is held in a position in which the light source assembly  106  remains within the opening of the locking member  112  or  222  and/or the recess of the optic  120 , throughout some, but not the full extent of motion of the optic  120  with the holding member  118  or  218 . In an example embodiment, the heat sink  108  may also be partially extended into the opening of the locking member  122  or  222  and/or the recess of the optic  120 , and may remain at least partially within the opening of the locking member  122  or  222  and/or the recess of the optic  120  throughout the full range of adjustable movement (e.g., pivot and/or rotation) of the optic  120  with the holding member  118  or  218 . 
     In various embodiments, the heat sink  108  may be sized and/or shaped corresponding to size considerations of the lighting device assembly  100  (e.g., size considerations of the housing member  102 , the light source assembly  106 , the recess of the optic  120 , and/or the like) and/or the desired range of adjustable motion (e.g., pivot and/or rotation) of the optic  120 . For example, a size of an end of the heat sink  108  on which the light source assembly  106  is attached may correspond to a size of the light source assembly  106  (e.g., the area of the circuit board of the light source assembly  106 ). In another example, as shown in  FIGS. 2A, 5A, and 5B , the heat sink  108  may have a larger circumference (or larger area) at the end where the light source assembly  106  is attached than at an opposite end (e.g., the end extending from or otherwise attached to the top member  112 ). In this case, the range of adjustable motion (e.g., pivot and/or rotation) of the optic  120  may be increased by providing additional room at the smaller end in which the optic assembly  104  can pivot (or rotate). However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, as shown in  FIGS. 2B, 6A, and 6B , the heat sink  108  may have a constant circumference (or width) along the length of the heat sink  108 . 
     In various embodiments, the heat sink  108  may be unitary formed (e.g., cast) with the top member  112 , or may be connected (or attached) to the top member  112  to contact the top member  112 . In this case, an opposite end of the top member  112  may be exposed, for example, as shown in  FIG. 3 , so that when the lighting device assembly  100  is attached (or mounted) to a surface of an object  132  as shown in  FIG. 1B  (or the fixture housing  105  as shown in  FIGS. 1C and 1D ), for example, the heat sink  108  may be arranged in heat-transfer communication with the object  132  (or fixture housing  105 ) via the top member  112 , to conduct heat away from the light source of the light source assembly  106  to the object  132 . In an example embodiment, the top member  112  may be arranged in direct contact with the surface of the object  132  (or a surface of the fixture housing  105 ). In this case the object (e.g., a fixture housing)  132  may be made of any suitable material, composition, or layers thereof having suitable thermal conductance and/or heat dissipation characteristics, for example, such as copper, aluminum, steel, and/or the like. In some embodiments, the object  132  may include, for example, heat pipes, peltier coolers, fan/heatsink combo, water cooling systems, refrigerant systems, and/or the like. 
     The top member  112  may enclose the top of the housing member  102 . For example, the top member  112  may include threading that mates with threading of the housing member  102 , to be twist-locked on the housing member  102 . However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the top member  112  may enclose or connect to the top of the housing member  102  via any suitable method, such as, but not limited to, mating tabs and/or grooves, clips, screws, nails, adhesives, welding, combinations thereof, or the like. As shown in  FIG. 3 , in various embodiments, an end of the top member  112  may be exposed to directly contact the surface of the object  132  (or a surface of the fixture housing  105 ). Accordingly, through the top member  112 , the heat sink  108  may be in close relation with (or contact) a surface of an object on which the lighting device assembly  100  is mounted, and may conduct heat from the light source assembly  106  to the surface of the object. 
       FIG. 4  is a perspective view of an optic of a lighting device assembly according to an example embodiment of the present invention. Referring to  FIG. 4 , the optic  120  includes a recess R. In various embodiments, the light source of the light source assembly  106  is extended toward the recess R of the optic  120  by the heat sink  108  to emit light towards the recess R of the optic  120 . In various embodiments, the optic  120  is configured to shift (or adjust) a direction of the light emitted from the light source from a first direction to a second direction. In various embodiments, the light source of the light source assembly  106  and the heat sink  108  remains stationary relative to the housing member  102 , such that the optic  120  may freely move and pivot relative to and around the light source of the light source assembly  106  and the heat sink  108 . 
     In various embodiments, the optic  120  includes a side wall  402  having a top edge  404  that defines the recess R. A focal point of the optic  120  may be located within a depth d of the recess R, and the recess R may have a diameter (or width) w. In various embodiments, the width (or diameter) w of the recess R may be greater than or equal to the width (or diameter) of the heat sink  108 , and may limit a maximum degree amount (e.g., 10°, 30°, 45°, and the like) that the optic  120  can pivot about the light source assembly  106 . For example, the maximum degree amount that the optic  120  may pivot about the light source assembly  106  may correspond to the width w of the recess R and a width (or diameter) of the heat sink  108  within the recess R, such that the optic  120  may pivot about the light source assembly  106  until the top edge  404  of the recess R contacts a side wall of the heat sink  108 . However, in other embodiments, the width w of the recess R may be smaller than the width (or diameter) of the heat sink  108 . 
     In some embodiments, an upper surface  408  of the optic  120  may include a reflective surface (e.g., provided by a layer or coating of reflective material, contours, or combination thereof) to reflect light towards an emitting surface E of the optic  120 . In various embodiments, the bottom surface of the recess R of the optic  120  may include one or more reflective elements  410  to reflect light towards the emitting surface E of the optic  120 . In some embodiments, each of the reflective elements  410  may have an inner annular side surface that is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to a focal axis of the optic  120 , and an outer annular side surface that is angled relative to the focal axis of the optic  120 . The angle of the outer annular side surface of each of the reflective elements  410  may slope downward (e.g., towards the emitting surface E) and outward (e.g., towards the sidewall  402 ). In some embodiments, the outer annular side surface may include a reflective surface (e.g., provided by a layer or coating of reflective material, contours, or combination thereof), to reflect light towards the emitting surface E of the optic  120 . However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the reflective elements  410  may be omitted or may have different shapes. 
     In some embodiments, the optic  120  may define (or shape) a light field of light emitted through the emitting surface E of the optic  120 . For example, in some embodiments, the reflective elements  410  may be configured to refract a portion of incident light that is emitted by the light source of the light source assembly  106  at an angle that is greater than or equal to a critical angle (or critical angle of incidence) with respect to a normal of (perpendicular line from) the emitting surface E of the optic  120 . The refracted light may be internally reflected off of the emitting surface E, into and absorbed by other portions (non-transparent portions) of the lighting device (e.g., the housing member  102 )  100 . However, the portion of the incident light emitted by the light source at an angle that is less than the critical angle passes through the emitting surface E (as emitted light), such that light that is transmitted through the emitting surface E may have an outer light field (area of significantly reduced intensity) that is relatively small and/or more defined. 
     In some embodiments, the reflective elements  410  may have a size and/or shape depending, at least in part, on the refractive index of the material used to form the reflective elements  410  and the desired critical angle for internally reflecting light. For example, in some embodiments, the reflective elements  410  may include or be formed of a material having a refractive index of about 1.4 (or 1.4) to about 1.6 (or 1.6) to refract the incident light at a critical angle of about 39 degrees (or 39 degrees) or greater. In other embodiments, materials having other suitable refractive indices or that define other suitable critical angles may be employed. 
     Accordingly, in various embodiments, the optic  120  having the reflective elements  410  may define (by size or shape, or both) a light field of light emitted through the emitting surface E of the optic  120 , by internally reflecting a portion of the light that is emitted by the light source toward a periphery of the optic  120  to be absorbed by the lighting device (e.g., housing member  102 ). For example, in some embodiments, at least some portion of the light emitted from the light source is incident on the reflective elements  410 , and is refracted by the reflective elements  410  at an angle greater than or equal to the critical angle (relative to the emitting surface E). The refracted light is internally reflected by the emitting surface E and absorbed by the lighting device. At least some portion of the light incident on inner surfaces of the optic  120  is refracted at an angle that is less than the critical angle, so as to pass through the optic  120  and be emitted out from the emitting surface E. The light that is emitted through the emitting surface E may have a light field that is reduced and/or more defined (as compared to lighting devices that do not employ an optic configured as described herein). 
       FIG. 5A  is a cross-sectional view of the lighting device  100  shown in  FIG. 2A  with the optic in a first position according to an embodiment of the present invention, and  FIG. 5B  is a cross-sectional view of the lighting device with the optic in a second position according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to  FIGS. 2A, 4, 5A, and 5B , the lighting device assembly  100  includes the housing member  102 , the optic assembly  104  held in the cavity of the housing member  102 , the light source assembly  106 , the heat sink  108 , and the top member  112 . The heat sink  108  and the top member  112  is unitarily formed (e.g., cast), and one end of the top member  112  is mounted to contact a surface of the object (e.g., a fixture housing)  132 . The light source assembly  106  is attached (e.g., mounted) at an end of the heat sink  108 , such that the heat sink  108  transfers heat from the light source assembly  106  to the object  132  through the top member  112 . Accordingly, the heat sink  108  may conduct heat away from the light source assembly  106  directly to the object  132 . The other end of the heat sink  108  on which the light source assembly  106  is attached (e.g., mounted) extends at least partially within the opening of the locking member  122  towards the recess of the optic  120 . Accordingly, the light source assembly  106  can emit light toward the recess R of the optic  120 , and the optic  120  may freely move and pivot about the light source assembly  106  and the heat sink  108 . 
     As shown in  FIGS. 5A and 5B , the light source assembly  106  and the heat sink  108  may be stationary relative to the housing member  102  and/or the object  132 , while the optic  120  may freely move and pivot about the light source assembly  106  and the heat sink  108 . When the optic assembly  104  is pivoted from the first position to the second position, the exterior surface of the holding member  118  slideably engages with the cavity of the housing member  102 . Similarly, the exterior surface of the upper member of the locking member  112  slideably engages with the elastic member  110  (e.g., the eye of the elastic member  110 ). The elastic member  110  presses the optic assembly  104  towards the cavity of the housing member  102 , and thus, maintains (or holds) the pivoted position of the optic  120  against movement by gravity. According to an example embodiment, the optic assembly  104  may be pressed toward the elastic member  110  during the adjustable movement of the optic  120 , and the elastic member  110  may apply an opposite force on the optic assembly  104  to press the optic assembly  104  into the cavity of the housing member  102  to hold the desired position. In some embodiments, at least one of the outer surface of the holding member  118  and the surface of the cavity of the housing member  102  may include a friction member or layer, so that engaging surfaces can be further restricted from movement. 
     In various embodiments, the light source assembly  106  extends at least partially within the opening of the locking member  122  toward the recess R of the optic  120  in each of the first position and the second position of the optic  120 , and the light source assembly  106  and the heat sink  108  may be stationary relative to the housing member  102  and/or the object  132 , such that the optic  120  can freely move and pivot about the light source assembly  106  and the heat sink  108 . In some embodiments, the maximum amount or degree that the optic  120  can pivot about the light source assembly  106  and the heat sink  108  may be limited by the width (or diameter) w of the recess R and/or the width (or diameter) of the side wall of the heat sink  108 . For example, as shown in  FIG. 5B , the maximum amount or degree that the optic  120  can pivot may be limited by the width (or diameter) of the side wall of the heat sink  108 . Thus, by reducing the width (or diameter) of a portion of the heat sink  108  that interferes with the movement of the optic assembly  104  (e.g., by the locking member  112 ), the adjustable movement of the optic  120  may be improved. In this case, as shown in  FIG. 5B , the degree amount that the optic  120  may pivot may reach its maximum when the top edge of the locking member  112  contacts the sidewall of the heat sink  108  (or surface of the top member  112 ) or when the top edge  404  of the recess R contacts the sidewall of the heat sink  108 . 
       FIG. 6A  is a cross-sectional view of the lighting device  100  shown in  FIG. 2B  with the optic in a first position according to an embodiment of the present invention, and  FIG. 6B  is a cross-sectional view of the lighting device with the optic in a second position according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to  FIGS. 2B, 4, 6A, and 6B , the lighting device assembly  100  includes the housing member  102 , the optic assembly  204  held in the cavity of the housing member  102 , the light source assembly  106 , the heat sink  108 , and the top member  112 . The heat sink  108  and the top member  112  is unitarily formed (e.g., cast), and one end of the top member  112  is mounted to contact a surface of the object (e.g., a fixture housing)  132 . The light source assembly  106  is attached (e.g., mounted) at an end of the heat sink  108 , such that the heat sink  108  transfers heat from the light source assembly  106  to the object  132  through the top member  112 . Accordingly, the heat sink  108  may conduct heat away from the light source assembly  106  directly to the object  132 . The other end of the heat sink  108  on which the light source assembly  106  is attached (e.g., mounted) extends at least partially within the opening of the locking member  222  towards the recess of the optic  120 . Accordingly, the light source assembly  106  can emit light toward the recess R of the optic  120 , and the optic  120  may freely move and pivot about the light source assembly  106  and the heat sink  108 . 
     As shown in  FIGS. 6A and 6B , the light source assembly  106  and the heat sink  108  may be stationary relative to the housing member  102  and/or the object  132 , while the optic  120  may freely move and pivot about the light source assembly  106  and the heat sink  108 . When the optic assembly  204  is pivoted from the first position to the second position, the lower surface portion of the exterior surface of the holding member  218  slideably engages with the cavity of the housing member  102 . Similarly, the upper surface portion of the exterior surface of the holding member  218  slideably engages with the elastic member  110  (e.g., the eye of the elastic member  110 ). The elastic member  110  presses the optic assembly  204  towards the cavity of the housing member  102 , and thus, maintains (or holds) the pivoted position of the optic  120  against movement by gravity. According to an example embodiment, the optic assembly  204  may be pressed toward the elastic member  110  during the adjustable movement of the optic  120 , and the elastic member  110  may apply an opposite force on the optic assembly  204  to press the optic assembly  104  into the cavity of the housing member  102  to hold the desired position. In some embodiments, at least one of the outer surface of the holding member  218  and the surface of the cavity of the housing member  102  may include a friction member or layer, so that engaging surfaces can be further restricted from movement. 
     In various embodiments, the light source assembly  106  extends at least partially within the opening of the locking member  222  toward the recess R of the optic  120  in each of the first position and the second position of the optic  120 , and the light source assembly  106  and the heat sink  108  may be stationary relative to the housing member  102  and/or the object  132 , such that the optic  120  can freely move and pivot about the light source assembly  106  and the heat sink  108 . In some embodiments, the maximum amount or degree that the optic  120  can pivot about the light source assembly  106  and the heat sink  108  may be limited by the width (or diameter) w of the recess R and/or the width (or diameter) of the side wall of the heat sink  108 . For example, as shown in  FIG. 6B , the heat sink  108  does not interfere with the movement of the optic assembly  104  (e.g., by the locking member  222  and/or the holding member  218 ). Thus, the width (or diameter) of the heat sink  108  may be constant or substantially constant along its length. On the other hand, the maximum amount or degree that the optic  120  can pivot may be limited by the width (or diameter) w of the recess of the optic  120 . For example, as shown in  FIG. 6B , the degree amount that the optic  120  may pivot may reach its maximum when the top edge  404  of the recess R contacts the sidewall of the heat sink  108 . Accordingly, the width w (see  FIG. 4 ) of recess R may be greater than or equal to the width of the heat sink  108  according to the desired maximum degree amount of pivot. 
     As discussed above, in various embodiments, heat may be transferred from the light source directly to a surface of an object (e.g., fixture housing) via the heat sink and the top member, and thus, heat transferred from the light source may be improved, and brightness of the light source may be improved. Further, in various embodiments, the optic may move (e.g., pivot and/or rotate) freely about a stationary light source and heat sink, while maintain (or holding) a desired position by pressing the optic assembly towards a cavity of the housing member via an elastic member. Accordingly, adjustability of the optic may be simplified or improved by allowing adjustment of the optic without having disassemble or loosen the components within the lighting device assembly. 
     The foregoing description of illustrative embodiments has been presented for purposes of illustration and of description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or limiting, and modifications and variations may be possible in light of the above teachings or may be acquired from practice of the disclosed embodiments. Various modifications and changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are intended to be within the scope of the invention. Thus, while certain embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it is understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that certain modifications and changes can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims, and equivalents thereof.