Patent Publication Number: US-2021172064-A1

Title: Substrate processing apparatus

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is based on and claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 to U.S. Patent Application No. 62/943,661 filed on Dec. 4, 2019, in the United States Patent and Trademark Office, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     1. Field 
     The disclosure relates to a substrate processing apparatus, and more particularly, to a cooling device capable of adjusting the temperature of a gas supply device. 
     2. Description of Related Art 
     In a substrate processing apparatus for performing a high-temperature process, the temperature control of a reactor body, in particular, a gas supply device, for example, a shower head, is important for process reproducibility and reliability maintenance. A heating block provided with a substrate is heated to or maintained at a high temperature for substrate processing. In this state, a surrounding portion is also heated due to heat radiation. In particular, a shower head, which is located close to and faces the heating block, may be easily heated due to heat radiation. When the temperature of a shower head through which a process gas is introduced is not appropriately controlled, the process gas, for example, a source gas, may be dissolved or may have changed properties before reaching a substrate, which may cause deterioration of reliability of substrate processing and defects of a device. Furthermore, a risk of a safety accident such as a fire or burns of a worker may exist. To solve the above problem, a variety of methods to control the temperature of a shower head have been tried. Methods that are currently used may include an air cooling method to cool a shower head by supplying ambient air by mounting a fan above the shower head. However, as the substrate processing apparatus is heated to a high temperature, ambient air is also heated due to heat radiation from a heated chamber, and thus cooling efficiency may vary according to the temperature of the ambient air of the substrate processing apparatus. Furthermore, the supply of heated air to the shower head has a limit in cooling the shower head and maintaining a certain set temperature, and as a process temperature increases, a highly efficient fan is necessary. 
       FIG. 1  is a graph showing the temperature of a gas supply device, for example, a shower head, for each reactor in a high-temperature process at about 500° C. in a multi-reactor chamber having four reactors. 
     In  FIG. 1 , a heating temperature of each shower head is set to about 220° C. by using a cartridge type heater and a thermocouple (TC). However, referring to  FIG. 1 , it may be seen that, even when power is not supplied to the cartridge type heater, the gas supply devices of four reactors are all heated to over 220° C., and the temperature of the gas supply device is not controlled. This shows that a radiation effect from the heated heating block is greater than a control effect of the temperature of the gas supply device. In this case, as described above, the control of a process gas, for example, a source gas and a reactive gas, passing through the gas supply device may be difficult and the reliability of substrate processing may deteriorate. 
     SUMMARY 
     The disclosure provides a device for solving the above-mentioned problems. In particular, a cooling device using a vortex tube is provided for the temperature control of an upper portion of a reactor, particularly, a gas supply device, for example, a shower head. 
     Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the presented embodiments of the disclosure. 
     According to an aspect of embodiments according to the disclosure, provided is a cooling device including a gas compressor configured to supply a compressed gas, a vortex tube having a compressed gas injection hole connected to the gas compressor via a first line, a hot air discharge hole, and a cold air discharge hole, at least one inlet connected to the cold air discharge hole of the vortex tube via a second line, and a fluid channel, in which a cooling gas introduced through the at least one inlet circulates. 
     According to an additional example of the cooling device, the vortex tube may separate a compressed gas supplied by the gas compressor into cold air and hot air, and discharge the cold air through the cold air discharge hole and the hot air through the hot air discharge hole. 
     According to an additional example of the cooling device, the gas compressor may include a gas supplier and a flow rate controller. 
     According to an additional example of the cooling device, the flow rate controller may control a pressure of a gas supplied from the gas supplier via the first line to the compressed gas injection hole of the vortex tube. 
     According to an additional example of the cooling device, as the pressure of the gas supplied by the flow rate controller to the compressed gas injection hole of the vortex tube increases, a temperature of the cold air discharged through the cold air discharge hole may decrease. 
     According to an additional example of the cooling device, the vortex tube may further include a control value connected to the hot air discharge hole, and the control valve may control a discharge amount of the hot air discharged through the hot air discharge hole. 
     According to an additional example of the cooling device, an inner pressure of the vortex tube may be controlled by the flow rate controller and may be finely adjusted by the control valve. 
     According to an additional example of the cooling device, as the discharge amount of the hot air discharged by the control valve through the hot air discharge hole of the vortex tube decreases, a temperature of the cold air discharged through the cold air discharge hole may decrease. 
     According to an additional example of the cooling device, the cooling device may further include a fan that controls a flow rate of the cooling gas circulating in the fluid channel. 
     According to another aspect of embodiments according to the disclosure, provided is a gas supply device including the above-described cooling device. 
     According to another aspect of embodiments according to the disclosure, provides is a substrate processing apparatus including a chamber including an inner space surrounded by a top lid and an outer wall, at least one reactor disposed at the top lid and including a gas supply device, at least one substrate support disposed in the chamber to face the at least one reactor, a reaction space formed between the gas supply device and the substrate support, and at least one cooling device provided on an upper portion of the at least one reactor or on an upper portion of the gas supply device, the cooling device including at least one vortex tube having a compressed gas injection hole, a hot air discharge hole, and a cold air discharge hole, wherein the cooling device may include a fluid channel in which a cooling gas introduced through at least one inlet from the cold air discharge hole to cool the gas supply device circulates. 
     According to an additional example of the substrate processing apparatus, the substrate processing apparatus may further include a temperature measurement portion configured to measure a temperature of the gas supply device. 
     According to an additional example of the substrate processing apparatus, the cooling device may further include a gas compressor, the compressed gas injection hole may be connected to the gas compressor, the gas compressor may further include a gas supplier and a flow rate controller, the flow rate controller may increase a pressure of a gas supplied by the gas supplier to the compressed gas injection hole of the vortex tube when the temperature of the gas supply device exceeds a preset temperature, and decrease the pressure of the gas supplied by the gas supplier to the compressed gas injection hole of the vortex tube when the temperature of the gas supply device is less than the preset temperature. 
     According to an additional example of the substrate processing apparatus, the temperature of the gas supply device of the at least one reactor may be maintained within a preset temperature range. 
     According to an additional example of the substrate processing apparatus, two or more cooling devices of the at least one cooling device may share one vortex tube of the at least one vortex tube. 
     According to an additional example of the substrate processing apparatus, the cooling device may include a partition separating the fluid channel into a first region and a second region and a separator penetrating through the partition and extending across the first region and the second region, wherein the at least one inlet introduces a coolant into the first region, two flows of the coolant flowing in different directions are formed in the first region, and the two flows of the coolant flowing in different directions in the first region are introduced into the second region via the separator without collision or mixing therebetween. 
     According to another aspect of embodiments according to the disclosure, provided is a substrate processing method including compressing a gas by using a gas compressor, introducing a gas compressed by the gas compressor into a vortex tube, separating the compressed gas into cold air and hot air by using the vortex tube, and discharging the cold air through a cold air discharge hole and the hot air through a hot air discharge hole, and circulating the cold air discharged through the cold air discharge hole over an upper portion of the gas supply device. 
     According to an additional example of the substrate processing method, the substrate processing method may further include controlling a pressure of a gas introduced by the gas compressor into the vortex tube, according to a temperature of the gas supply device. 
     According to an additional example of the substrate processing method, the temperature of the gas supply device may be maintained within a certain range. 
     According to an additional example of the substrate processing method, the substrate processing method may further include controlling a flow rate of the cold air circulating over the upper portion of the gas supply device by a fan, according to the temperature of the gas supply device. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The above and other aspects, features, and advantages of certain embodiments of the disclosure will be more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a graph showing the temperature of a gas supply device for each reactor in a high-temperature process at about 500° C. in a multi-reactor chamber having four reactors; 
         FIG. 2  is a schematic cross-sectional view of a substrate processing apparatus in which a cooling device according to the related art is provided; 
         FIGS. 3 and 4  are, respectively, an appearance view and a perspective view of the cooling device of  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 5  illustrates a coolant flow path in the cooling device of  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIGS. 6A and 6B  schematically illustrate a cover of the cooling device of  FIGS. 3 to 5 ; 
         FIG. 7  is a vertical sectional view of a coupling structure of an upper portion of a reactor including the cooling device of  FIG. 2  and the gas supply device; 
         FIGS. 8A-D  illustrate a separator used for the cooling device of  FIGS. 3 to 7  as viewed from different directions; 
         FIG. 9  schematically illustrates a gas supply device in which the cooling device of  FIGS. 2 to 8  is provided; 
         FIG. 10  schematically illustrates a part of a substrate processing apparatus according to embodiments, particularly, a gas supply device in which a cooling device is provided; 
         FIG. 11  schematically illustrates the vortex tube of  FIG. 10  to show a cooling principle of the vortex tube. 
         FIGS. 12 and 13  illustrate top views of the cooling device of  FIG. 10 ; 
         FIGS. 14 and 15  are top views of a chamber including a plurality of reactors; and 
         FIG. 16  is a schematic flowchart of a cooling method employed by a gas supply device according to embodiments. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. In this regard, the present embodiments may have different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the descriptions set forth herein. Accordingly, the embodiments are merely described below, by referring to the figures, to explain aspects of the present description. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Expressions such as “at least one of,” when preceding a list of elements, modify the entire list of elements and do not modify the individual elements of the list. 
     Terms used in the present specification are used for explaining a specific embodiment, not for limiting the disclosure. The expression of singularity in the present specification includes the expression of plurality unless clearly specified otherwise in context. Furthermore, terms such as “comprise” and/or “comprising” may be construed to denote a certain characteristic, number, step, operation, constituent element, or a combination thereof, but may not be construed to exclude the existence of or a possibility of addition of one or more other characteristics, numbers, steps, operations, constituent elements, or combinations thereof. 
     In the present specification, terms such as “first” and “second” are used herein merely to describe a variety of members, parts, areas, layers, and/or portions, but the constituent elements are not limited by the terms. It is obvious that the members, parts, areas, layers, and/or portions are not limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one constituent element from another constituent element. Accordingly, without departing from the right scope of the disclosure, a first member, part, area, layer, or portion may refer to a second member, part, area, layer, or portion. 
     Hereinafter, the embodiments of the disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the illustrated shapes may be modified according to, for example, manufacturing technology and/or tolerance. Accordingly, the embodiment of the disclosure may not be construed to be limited to a particular shape of a part described in the present specification and may include a change in the shape generated during manufacturing, for example. 
     Although an example of a substrate processing apparatus described in the present specification may include a deposition apparatus of a semiconductor or display substrate, the disclosure is not limited thereto. A substrate processing apparatus may be any apparatus needed to perform deposition of a material for forming a thin film, and may refer to an apparatus for uniformly supplying a raw material for etching or polishing of a material. In the following description, for convenience of explanation, the substrate processing apparatus is assumed to be a semiconductor deposition apparatus. 
       FIG. 2  is a schematic cross-sectional view of a substrate processing apparatus in which a cooling device according to the related art is provided. 
     A substrate processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the disclosure may include a chamber  1 , a plurality of reactors  4 , a gas supply device  5 , a substrate support  6 , a reactive gas inlet  3 , a cooling device  2 , and a discharge device  8 . In  FIG. 2 , the chamber  1  includes a top lid disposed in an upper portion of the chamber  1 , an outer wall forming a side surface and a lower surface of the chamber  1 , and an inner space I provided therebetween. 
     Referring to  FIG. 2 , the plurality of reactors  4  are provided on an upper surface of the chamber  1 . The reactors  4  may be where an atomic layer deposition (ALD) process or a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process is performed. 
     The substrate support  6  may include a susceptor main body for supporting a substrate and a heating block for heating the substrate supported on the susceptor main body. The heating block may include a heat wire and supply heat to the susceptor main body and the substrate. For loading/unloading of the substrate, the substrate support  6  may be moved by being connected to an apparatus (not shown) provided at one side of the substrate support  6 . 
     The substrate support  6  may be disposed to correspond to the gas supply device  5  and may form a reaction space R with the gas supply device  5 . When the substrate support  6  and the gas supply device  5  form an open-type reaction space as the reaction space R without contacting each other, a reactive gas may be discharged through the discharge device  8  connected to the inner space I. The inner space I always maintains a pressure state lower than the external atmosphere through the discharge device  8 . The discharge device  8  may be, for example, a discharge pump. Although, in the example embodiment, the substrate processing apparatus has a lower-end discharged structure, the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     Although  FIG. 2  illustrates the open-type reactors  4  in which the substrate support  6  and the gas supply device  5  are separated from each other, in another embodiment, as the substrate support  6  or a reactor wall ascends or descends, a peripheral portion of the substrate support  6  and the reactor wall make a face contact and form face sealing, thereby forming the reaction space R. As such, when the reactor wall and the reactor wall contact each other thereby forming a closed-type reaction space, a separate discharge device (not shown) may be provided in each of the reactors  4 , for example, at the upper portion of each of the reactors  4 . Korean Patent No. 624030 discloses an example thereof. 
     The gas supply device  5  may be disposed on the tip lid of the chamber  1  facing the substrate support  6  in the reaction space R of each of the reactors  4 . The gas supply device  5  may be implemented by, for example, a lateral flow type assembly structure (refer to Korean Patent No. 624030) or a shower head type assembly structure. The gas supply device  5  may be separately manufactured to be disposed in the upper portion of each of the reactors  4  or may be integrally formed with the upper portion of each of the reactors  4 . 
     The reactive gas inlet  3  may be disposed in the upper portion of each of the reactors  4 . For example, the reactive gas inlet  3  may be connected to the gas supply device  5  of each of the reactors  4  and may introduce the reactive gas into the reaction space R. In  FIG. 2 , the reactive gas inlet  3  is connected to the gas supply device  5  by penetrating the cooling device  2  and one surface of the upper portion of each of the reactors  4 . 
     A high frequency plasma generation/supply apparatus (not shown) is additionally disposed over the upper portion of each of the reactors  4  to generate plasma in the reaction space R or supply radicals to the reaction space R so that a plasma process may be performed in the reaction space R. 
     During the process, the heating block of the substrate support  6  is heated to or maintained at a high temperature for the substrate processing. At this time, a peripheral portion of the heating block may be heated together due to heat radiation. In particular, the gas supply device  5 , which is located close to the heating block and facing the heating block, may be easily heated due to heat radiation. As described above, when the temperature of the gas supply device  5  is not appropriately controlled, reliability of the substrate processing may deteriorate. 
     To address the above matter, the substrate processing apparatus of  FIG. 2  may include the cooling device  2  on the upper portion of each of the reactors  4  or on the upper portion of the gas supply device  5 . The cooling device  2  may be separately manufactured and disposed on the upper portion of each of the reactors  4  or on the upper portion of the gas supply device  5 , or the cooling device  2  may be provided as a part of or integrally with each of the reactors  4  or the gas supply device  5 . 
       FIGS. 3 to 8  illustrate in detail an example of the cooling device  2  of  FIG. 2 . 
       FIGS. 3 and 4  are, respectively, an appearance view and a perspective view of the cooling device of  FIG. 2 .  FIG. 5  illustrates a coolant flow path in the cooling device of  FIG. 2 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 3 , the cooling device  2  may include a fluid channel  9  through which a coolant flows and a cover  10  covering the fluid channel  9 . The coolant may be a fluid, in particular, a gas. The reactive gas inlet  3  may penetrate the cooling device  2 . 
     One or more circular grooves  11  may be disposed at regular intervals in the fluid channel  9 . The grooves  11  may define a coolant flow direction. Furthermore, the one or more grooves  11  may effectively cool the upper portion of each of the reactors  4 , in particular, the gas supply device  5 , by increasing a contact area between the coolant and the fluid channel  9 . 
     The cover  10  may include an inlet  12  for supplying a coolant, for example, air, to the fluid channel  9 . The inlet  12  may be connected to a coolant inflow apparatus  14 . When a coolant in used is a gas, the coolant inflow apparatus  14  may include a fan or a device corresponding thereto. In another embodiment, when a liquid coolant is in use, the coolant inflow apparatus  14  may include a liquid supplier. 
     Furthermore, the cover  10  may include an outlet  13  configured to discharge the coolant. In this case, the coolant may be discharged through the outlet  13  after cooling each of the reactors  4  along the grooves  11  of the fluid channel  9 . The outlet  13  may be connected to a coolant outflow apparatus (not shown). The coolant outflow apparatus may include a fan or a device corresponding thereto. 
     In an optional or additional example, a fan connected to the inlet  12  and a fan connected to the outlet  13  may rotate in opposite directions and further facilitate the flow of the coolant in the cooling device  2 , thereby effectively controlling the coolant efficiency. For example, the fan connected to the inlet  12  and the fan connected to the outlet  13  may rotate in the opposite directions and make the flow of the coolant in the cooling device  2  a laminar flow. Accordingly, cooling efficiency of the upper portion of each of the reactors  4  may be effectively controlled. 
     In an optional or additional example, as the fan connected to the inlet  12  and the fan connected to the outlet  13  have the same rotation speed, the flow of the coolant in the cooling device  2  may be further facilitated. Alternatively, by making the rotation speed of the fan connected to the outlet  13  faster than the rotation speed of the fan connected to the inlet  12 , an outflow speed of the coolant supplied to the fluid channel  9  may be accelerated, and thus the cooling efficiency of the upper portion of each of the reactors  4  may be effectively controlled. Reversely, by making the rotation speed of the fan connected to the outlet  13  slower than the rotation speed of the fan connected to the inlet  12 , a period during which the coolant stays in the fluid channel  9  may increase, and thus the cooling efficiency may be controlled such that the temperature of the upper portion of each of the reactors  4  may remain constant. 
     The coolant inflow apparatus  14  and the coolant outflow apparatus (not shown) may be directly connected to the inlet  12  and the outlet  13 , respectively. In another embodiment, the coolant inflow apparatus  14  and the coolant outflow apparatus (not shown) may be spaced apart from the inlet  12  and the outlet  13 , respectively, and connected to a coolant delivery line. 
     An insulating body  9 - 1  may be further provided over an upper portion of the fluid channel  9 , and thus a risk that heat is directly transferred from the fluid channel  9  to a worker in a high-temperature process may be prevented. 
     A separator  20  that is described above or to be described later may be disposed on one surface of the fluid channel  9 . The separator  20  is described later with reference to  FIGS. 8A to 8D . 
       FIG. 4  is a perspective view of the cooling device  2  of  FIG. 2 , showing the interior of the cooling device  2 . 
     According to  FIG. 4 , the cover  10  of the cooling device  2  may include, on one surface thereof, at least one of a coolant guide plate  15 , a first partition  16 , and a second partition  17 . 
     The coolant guide plate  15  may guide the coolant introduced through the inlet  12  toward the grooves  11  of the fluid channel  9  and define a direction in which the coolant flows in the fluid channel  9 . 
     The first partition  16  may prevent mixing of the coolants flowing in two directions. In the illustrated embodiment, the first partition  16  may be disposed between two inlets  12  and may prevent the coolants introduced in two directions through the two inlets  12  from being mixed with each other. 
     The second partition  17  may separate the fluid channel  9  into two regions, that is, an inner region  18  and an outer region  19 . 
     The separator  20  may be disposed on one surface of the fluid channel  9 . The separator  20  is described later with reference to  FIGS. 8A to 8D . In this case, the coolant flowing along the grooves  11  in the outer region  19  of the fluid channel  9  may be guided by the separator  20  to flow toward the inner region  18 . In particular, the separator  20  may include, as illustrated in  FIGS. 8A and 8B , two upper/lower layers, and thus the two flows of coolants flowing in different directions in the outer region  19  may be introduced into the inner region  18  without collision with each other. 
       FIG. 5  illustrates that a fan is connected to the cooling device  2  of  FIG. 3  and the coolant flows in through the fan and then is discharged after passing through the fluid channel  9 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 5 , ambient air may be introduced into the interior of the cooling device  2  through the fan connected to the inlet  12 . The ambient air introduced through the fan may be supplied to the fluid channel  9 , particularly, to the outer region  19 , in different directions by the coolant guide plate  15 . Next, the two coolants flowing in different directions in the outer region  19  may be introduced into the inner region  18  without collision due to the separator  20 . Next, the coolant flowing along the grooves  11  in the inner region  18  may be discharged to the outside through the outlet  13 . 
     As such, ambient gas flowing in the interior of the cooling device  2  by the fan flows through the fluid channel  9  and cools the gas supply device  5  and then is discharged to the outside through the outlet  13 . 
     However, as described above, the ambient gas flowing in the interior of the cooling device  2  through the fan may be already in a state of being heated before flowing in the cooling device  2 , due to heat radiation of a heated reactor or chamber. Accordingly, using heated ambient gas as the coolant may be inefficient. 
       FIGS. 6A and 6B  schematically illustrate the cover  10  of the cooling device  2  of  FIGS. 3 to 5 .  FIG. 6A  is a front view of the cover  10 , and  FIG. 6B  is a rear view of the cover  10 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 6A and 6B , the cover  10  may include the inlet  12 , the outlet  13 , the coolant guide plate  15 , the first partition  16 , and the second partition  17 . 
     The coolant guide plate  15  may be disposed near the inlet  12  to guide the coolant introduced through the inlet  12  toward the fluid channel  9 , and may define a direction in which the coolant flows in the fluid channel  9 . 
     As described above, the first partition  16  may be disposed between two inlets  12  and may prevent mixing of the coolants flowing in two directions through the two inlets  12 . 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 4 and 6B , the second partition  17  may separate the fluid channel  9  into two regions, that is, the inner region  18  and the outer region  19 . Furthermore, the second partition  17  may form an empty space Z in the fluid channel  9  so that the separator  20  may extend across the inner region  18  and the outer region  19 . 
       FIG. 7  is a vertical sectional view of a coupling structure of the upper portion of each of the reactors  4  including the cooling device  2  of  FIG. 2  and the gas supply device  5 . Referring to  FIG. 7 , the second partition  17  of the cover  10  of the cooling device  2  separates the fluid channel  9  into the inner region  18  and the outer region  19 . 
     The cooling device  2  may be provided in the upper portion of the gas supply device  5 . As detailed descriptions of the respective parts of the cooling device  2  of  FIG. 7  are presented above with reference to  FIG. 3  to  FIG. 6 , the descriptions thereof are omitted. 
       FIGS. 8A to 8D  illustrate the separator  20  used in the cooling device  2  of  FIGS. 3 to 7 , viewed from different directions.  FIG. 8A  is a perspective view of a separator  400   b  used in the cooling device  2  of  FIGS. 3 to 7 , viewed from the top right side.  FIG. 8B  is a perspective view of the separator  400   b , viewed from the top left side.  FIG. 8C  is a perspective view of the separator  400   b , viewed from the bottom side. 
     The separator  400   b  may include a body  401   b , a first member  111 , a second member  222 , a third member  333 , a fourth member  444 , a first channel  402   b , and a second channel  403   b.    
     The first channel  402   b  may be formed by the first member  111  and the second member  222 . The second channel  403   b  may be formed by the third member  333  and the fourth member  444 . 
     The first channel  402   b  may connect the inner region  18  of  FIG. 7  and the outer region  19  of  FIG. 7 , and the second channel  403   b  may connect the inner region  18  of  FIG. 7  and the outer region  19  of  FIG. 7 . 
     The first channel  402   b  and the second channel  403   b  may not meet with each other. For example, the first channel  402   b  and the second channel  403   b  may be located at the opposing side surfaces, that is, an upper surface and a lower surface, of the body  401   b.    
     In detail, as described above, the first member  111  and the second member  222  may be formed in an upper portion of the separator  400   b . Accordingly, the first channel  402   b  may be formed in the upper portion of the separator  400   b . The third member  333  and the fourth member  444  may be formed in a lower portion of the separator  400   b . Accordingly, the second channel  403   b  may be formed in the lower portion of the separator  400   b . Thus, the separator  400   b  may prevent collision of the two coolants flowing in different directions. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 4, 5, and 8D , one of the two flows of coolants flowing in different directions in the outer region  19  may flow towards the inner region  18  through the first channel  402   b  in the upper portion of the separator  400   b , and the other may flow towards the inner region  18  through the second channel  403   b  in the lower portion of the separator  400   b . In other words, the two flows of coolants flowing in different directions in the outer region  19  may be introduced into the inner region  18  through the upper and lower portions of the separator  400   b  without collision or mixing with each other, may flow in different directions, and may be discharged through the outlet  13 .  FIG. 8D  illustrates that the coolants flow in the inner region  18  from the outer region  19  through the first channel  402   b  and the second channel  403   b.    
     The separator  400   b  may enable the two flows of coolants circulate in the fluid channel  9  without collision or mixing therebetween. As the coolant flows are not mixed with each other, a coolant circulation speed may be maintained constant and thus coolant efficiency may be increased. 
       FIG. 9  schematically illustrates the gas supply device  5  where the cooling device  2  of  FIGS. 2 to 8  is provided. 
     The ambient air flows in the interior of the cooling device  2  through the coolant inflow apparatus  14 , for example, a fan, connected to the inlet  12 . The ambient air flowing in through the fan may flow through the fluid channel  9  and cool the gas supply device  5 , and then may be discharged to the outside through the outlet  13 . 
     However, as described above, as external air, that is, the ambient air, is already heated to a high temperature due to the heated reactor and peripheral devices, there is a limit in cooling the gas supply device  5  in a high-temperature state. 
     Accordingly, the disclosure proposes a cooling device having higher cooling efficiency than the gas supply device cooling apparatus using the fan according to the related art. In detail, the disclosure proposes a gas supply device cooling apparatus using a vortex tube. Furthermore, the disclosure proposes a device which enables stable temperature control of a gas supply device. 
       FIG. 10  schematically illustrates a part of a substrate processing apparatus according to embodiments, particularly, the gas supply device  5  in which a cooling device is provided. 
     The cooling device of  FIG. 10  may include a gas compressor  100  for supplying a compressed gas, a vortex tube  23  connected to the gas compressor  100  via a first line  26 , and at least one inlet  12  connected to the vortex tube  23  via a second line  27 . 
     The vortex tube  23  may include a compressed gas injection hole  40  connected to the gas compressor  100  via the first line  26 , a hot air discharge hole  41 , and a cold air discharge hole  42 . 
     The at least one inlet  12  is connected to the cold air discharge hole  42  of the vortex tube  23  via the second line  27 . 
     The cooling device may include the fluid channel  9  in which a cooling gas flowing in through the at least one inlet  12  circulates. 
     As described below, the vortex tube  23  is a cooling apparatus that, when a compressed gas at room temperature or high temperature is supplied, separates the compressed gas into two air flows of a cold air flow and a hot air flow without needing electricity or any chemical. In detail, when a compressed gas at room temperature or high temperature flows in the vortex tube  23 , the compressed gas is rotated at high speed in a vortex generation chamber  30  of  FIG. 11  in the vortex tube  23 . The gas rotated to a high speed (hot air) is discharged through a discharge line, and the other gas flows in the reverse direction to be in a low temperature state and is discharged. In other words, the vortex tube  23  is a device for converting the compressed gas at the room temperature or high temperature to a gas at a low temperature. 
     In the case of  FIG. 10 , when receiving the compressed gas from the gas compressor  100  through the compressed gas injection hole  40 , the vortex tube  23  may separate the compressed gas into hot air and cold air and discharge the hot air through the hot air discharge hole  41  and the cold air through the cold air discharge hole  42 . 
     The cold air discharged through the cold air discharge hole  42  of the vortex tube  23  flows in the fluid channel  9  via the second line  27  and through the at least one inlet  12 . The inflow cold air may cool the gas supply device  5  while circuiting in the fluid channel  9 , and then may be discharged through the outlet  13 . 
     A mechanism of the cooling gas circulating in the fluid channel  9  in  FIG. 10  and/or the detailed features of the respective elements of  FIG. 10  may be the same as or different from the related art illustrated in  FIGS. 2 to 9 . 
     The gas compressor  100  may include a gas supplier  24  and a flow rate controller  25 . 
     In an embodiment, the gas supplier  24  may provide external air or an inert gas, for example, nitrogen, argon, or helium. 
     The flow rate controller  25  may control the pressure of the gas supplied to the compressed gas injection hole  40  of the vortex tube  23  from the gas supplier  24  via the first line  26 . 
     As described below, as the pressure of the gas supplied to the vortex tube  23  increases, a gas vortex in the vortex tube  23  increases. Accordingly, a degree of converting gas internal energy to kinetic energy increases, and thus the temperature of the discharged cold air may be further lowered. In other words, by adjusting the pressure of the gas supplied to the compressed gas injection hole  40  of the vortex tube  23  by using the flow rate controller  25 , the temperature of the cold air discharged through the cold air discharge hole  42  may be adjusted. For example, as the pressure of the gas supplied to the compressed gas injection hole  40  of the vortex tube  23  is increased by the flow rate controller  25 , the temperature of the cold air discharged through the cold air discharge hole  42  may be decreased. In contrast, as the pressure of the gas supplied to the compressed gas injection hole  40  of the vortex tube  23  is decreased by the flow rate controller  25 , the temperature of the cold air discharged through the cold air discharge hole  42  may be increased. As such, the temperature of the coolant may be controlled through the flow rate controller  25 , and accordingly, the cooling speed of the gas supply device  5  may be controlled. 
     The vortex tube  23  may further include a control valve  31  of  FIG. 11 , which is connected to the hot air discharge hole  41 . The control valve  31  may be disposed on a discharge line  28  connected to the hot air discharge hole  41 . The control valve  31  may control a discharge amount of hot air discharged through the hot air discharge hole  41 . Furthermore, by controlling the discharge amount of hot air, the pressure in the vortex tube  23  may be controlled, and thus the temperature of the cold air discharged through the cold air discharge hole  42  may be finely adjusted. In detail, as the discharge amount of the hot air discharged through the hot air discharge hole  41  of the vortex tube  23  is decreased by the control valve  31 , the temperature of the cold air discharged through the cold air discharge hole  42  is decreased. In contrast, as the discharge amount of the hot air discharged through the hot air discharge hole  41  of the vortex tube  23  is increased by the control valve  31 , the temperature of the cold air discharged through the cold air discharge hole  42  may be increased. 
     In other words, the pressure in the vortex tube  23  may be controlled by the flow rate controller  25  and further finely controlled by the control valve  31 . 
     In an embodiment, the cooling device may further include the fan  14  connected to the at least one inlet  12 . The fan  14  may induce the cold air flowing in via the second line  27  toward the at least one inlet  12  and the fluid channel  9 . Furthermore, by adjusting the rotation speed of the fan  14 , the flow rate of the cold air circulating in the fluid channel  9  may be controlled. Accordingly, the cooling speed of the gas supply device  5  may be controlled. However, in this case, to prevent the external air from flowing in the fluid channel  9  through the fan  14 , the upper portion of the fan  14  may be blocked from the external air by a cover  22 . 
     In an embodiment, the substrate processing apparatus of  FIG. 10  may further include a temperature measurement portion (not shown) for measuring the temperature of the gas supply device  5 . The temperature measurement portion may include a thermometer, for example, a thermocouple (TC). When the temperature of the gas supply device  5  exceeds a preset temperature, in order to decrease the temperature of the gas supply device  5 , the flow rate controller  25  may increase the pressure of the gas that is supplied from the gas supplier  24  to the compressed gas injection hole  40  of the vortex tube  23 . Additionally, the control valve  31  of  FIG. 11  may decrease the discharge amount of the hot air discharged through the hot air discharge hole  41  of the vortex tube  23 . Alternatively, by increasing the rotation speed of the fan  14  connected to the inlet  12 , the flow rate of the cold air circulating in the fluid channel  9  may be increased. In contrast, when the temperature of the gas supply device  5  is less than a preset temperature, in order to increase the temperature of the gas supply device  5 , the flow rate controller  25  may decrease the pressure of the gas that is supplied from the gas supplier  24  to the compressed gas injection hole  40  of the vortex tube  23 . Additionally, the control valve  31  of  FIG. 11  may increase the discharge amount of the hot air discharged through the hot air discharge hole  41  of the vortex tube  23 . Alternatively, by decreasing the rotation speed of the fan  14  connected to the inlet  12 , the flow rate of the cold air circulating in the fluid channel  9  may be decreased. Accordingly, the temperature of the gas supply device  5  may be maintained within a preset temperature range. 
     According to other embodiments, considering the size of the apparatus, the cooling efficiency, and the like, the number and arrangement format of the inlet, the outlet, the coolant inflow apparatus, for example, a fan, the vortex tube may be diversified, thereby improving the cooling efficiency. 
       FIG. 11  schematically illustrates the vortex tube  23  of  FIG. 10  and illustrates cooling principle of the vortex tube  23 . 
     The vortex tube  23  may include a tube main body having a rotation room where a vortex is generated. The tube main body may include the compressed gas injection hole  40  through which the compressed gas flows in, a vortex generation chamber  30 , the hot air discharge hole  41  through which hot air separated according to a certain cooling principle is discharged, and the cold air discharge hole  42  through which the separated cold air is discharged. 
     When the compressed gas compressed through the gas supplier  24  and the flow rate controller  25  flows in the vortex generation chamber  30  through the compressed gas injection hole  40 , the gas may be rotated at a high speed, for example, at several hundreds of thousands of RPMs to several millions of RPMs, the vortex generation chamber  30 . The rotated air (first vortex flow) proceeds in a direction toward the hot air discharge hole  41 , part of the air is discharged by the control valve  31  through the hot air discharge hole  41 , and the other part of the air is transferred back forming a second vortex flow, and proceed toward the cold air discharge hole  42 . In this state, while passing through a low-pressure area located at the inner side of the first vortex flow, the second vortex flow losses calorie to be cooled and then is discharged through the cold air discharge hole  42 . In other words, while reversely rotating in the opposite direction in the control valve  31 , the second vortex flow converts internal energy to kinetic energy and expands in a space in the vortex tube  23  (adiabatic expansion) to thus be in a low-temperature state. 
     Accordingly, for example, when a nitrogen gas at the room temperature of about 20° C. flows in the vortex tube  23 , a nitrogen gas of about 76° C. may be discharged through the hot air discharge hole  41 , and a nitrogen gas of 0° C. may be discharged through the cold air discharge hole  42 . 
     As such, the vortex tube  23 , when receiving a compressed gas, may separate the compressed gas into two air flows of hot air and cold air without electricity, mechanical driving portion, or any chemical. The vortex tube  23  is a cooling apparatus which is inexpensive, has high reliability, and requires no maintenance and repair. Furthermore, as the vortex tube  23  does not need a mechanical operation, the vortex tube  23  is hardly broken and has high space utilization due to its small size. When the vortex tube  23  as above is in use, the substrate processing apparatus having a simplified cooling structure may reduce manufacturing costs and a failure rate. Furthermore, as the air is cooled using a small amount of electric power, energy efficiency may be increased. 
     As described above, the flow rate controller  25  may control the pressure of the cold air emitted from the vortex tube  23  by controlling the pressure of the gas supplied to the vortex tube  23 , and the control valve  31  connected to the discharge line  28  of  FIG. 10  may finely control the pressure of the cold air emitted from the vortex tube  23  by controlling the discharge amount of the hot air emitted from the vortex tube  23 . In detail, as the gas pressure supplied through the flow rate controller  25  increases, gas vortex in the vortex tube  23  increases. Accordingly, a degree of converting gas internal energy to kinetic energy increases, and thus the temperature of the cold air (second vortex flow) may be further lowered. Similarly, as the discharge amount of hot air (first vortex flow) through the control valve  31  decreases, the pressure in the vortex tube  23  increases. Accordingly, the gas vortex in the vortex tube  23  increases, the temperature of the cold air (second vortex flow) may be further lowered. As such, the flow rate controller  25  of  FIG. 10  and the control valve  31  may control the temperature of the cold air discharged from the vortex tube  23 . In other words, when the cooling device according to the disclosure, particularly, the flow rate controller  25  and the control valve  31 , is used, cold air of a desired temperature is provided, and thus the temperature of the gas supply device  5  may be maintained within a preset temperature range. 
       FIGS. 12 and 13  illustrate the cooling device of  FIG. 10 , viewed from the above. 
     In  FIG. 12 , the cover  10  may include two inlets  12  of  FIGS. 3 to 7  and one outlet  13 , and the two inlets  12  are connected to fans  14   a  and  14   b , respectively. The inlets  12  and the fans  14   a  and  14   b  may be independently connected to the vortex tubes  23   a  and  23   b  corresponding thereto. However, as described above in  FIG. 13 , the two inlets  12  and the fans  14   a  and  14   b  may be connected to one vortex tube  23  to share the vortex tube  23 . 
     When the vortex tubes  23   a  and  23   b  are connected to the fans  14   a  and  14   b  as illustrated in  FIG. 12 , and imbalance in the cooling at the left side and the right side of the gas supply device  5  occurs, by controlling flow rate controllers  25   a  and  25   b , the temperature of the coolant flowing at the left side of the fluid channel  9  and the temperature of the coolant flowing at the right side of the fluid channel  9  may be controlled. For example, when the temperature at the left side of the gas supply device  5  is greater than the temperature at the right side of the gas supply device  5 , the flow rate controller  25   a  increases the pressure of the gas provided to the vortex tube  23   a  to thus lower the temperature of the coolant that cools the left side of the gas supply device  5 . 
     In  FIG. 12 , although the cooling device is illustrated to have the two inlets, the two fans  14   a  and  14   b , one outlet, and the two vortex tubes  23   a  and  23   b , the disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, as described above in  FIG. 13 , the cooling device may have the two inlets, the two fans  14   a  and  14   b , one outlet, and one vortex tube  23 . In another embodiment, the cooling device may have one inlet, one fan, one outlet, and one vortex tube. 
       FIGS. 14 and 15  are top views of the chamber  1  including a plurality of reactors  4   a ,  4   b ,  4   c , and  4   d.    
     In  FIGS. 14 and 15 , although each of the reactors  4   a ,  4   b ,  4   c , and  4   d  is illustrated to have one inlet, one fan  14   a ,  14   b ,  14   c , or  14   d  connected to the inlet, one outlet  13   a ,  13   b ,  13   c , or  13   d , and a reactive gas inlet  3   a ,  3   b ,  3   c  or  3   d , the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     In an embodiment, as described above in  FIG. 14 , the cooling device installed at each of the reactors  4   a ,  4   b ,  4   c , and  4   d  may include each of the vortex tubes  23   a ,  23   b ,  23   c , and  23   d  different from one another. In this case, the flow rate controllers  25   a ,  25   b ,  25   c , and  25   d  and/or control valves of the vortex tubes  23   a ,  23   b ,  23   c , and  23   d  independently control the temperature of the cold air supplied to the fluid channel  9  so that the gas supply devices of the related reactors  4   a ,  4   b ,  4   c , and  4   d  may be maintained at an appropriate temperature. For example, the flow rate controller  25   a  and/or the control valve of the vortex tube  23   a  may control the temperature of the cold air supplied to the fluid channel to maintain the gas supply device of the reactor  4   a  at a first preset temperature. The flow rate controller  25   b  and/or the control valve of the vortex tube  23   b  may control the temperature of the cold air supplied to the fluid channel to maintain the gas supply device of the reactor  4   b  at a second preset temperature. The above configuration is useful particularly for performing different processes at different temperatures in the respective reactors. For example, when a substrate is transferred from one reactor to another reactor to form a composite thin film on the substrate, the above configuration may be effective to maintain constant a process temperature that is different in each reactor. 
     In another embodiment, as described above in  FIG. 15 , the cooling devices of two or more reactors  4   a  and  4   b  of the respective reactors  4   a ,  4   b ,  4   c , and  4   d  may share one vortex tube  23   a . In this case, the temperature of a cooling gas provided to the fluid channel of the cooling device of the reactor  4   a  and the temperature of a cooling gas provided to the fluid channel of the cooling device of the reactor  4   b  may be the same. 
     Although the substrate processing apparatus of  FIG. 15  is unable to individually control the temperatures of all gas supply devices unlike the substrate processing apparatus of  FIG. 14 , the number of necessary parts may be reduced compared to the substrate processing apparatus of  FIG. 14 . 
       FIG. 16  is a schematic flowchart of a cooling method of a gas supply device according to embodiments. 
     First of all, a gas may be compressed by using a gas compressor ( 1601 ). 
     For example, as described above in  FIG. 10 , the gas compressor  100  may include the gas supplier  24  and the flow rate controller  25  connected to the gas supplier  24 , and the flow rate controller  25  may compress the gas from the gas supplier  24 . 
     Next, the gas compressed by the gas compressor may be introduced into a vortex tube ( 1602 ). 
     For example, as described above in  FIG. 10 , the compressed gas may be introduced into the compressed gas injection hole  40  of the vortex tube  23  from the gas supplier  24  and the flow rate controller  25  via the first line  26 . 
     Next, the compressed gas may be separated by the vortex tube into cold air and hot air, the cold air may be discharged through a cold air discharge hole, and the hot air may be discharged through a hot air discharge hole ( 1603 ). 
     For example, as described above in  FIG. 11 , the vortex tube  23  receives the compressed gas through the compressed gas injection hole  40  and then separates the compressed gas into hot air and cold air, may discharge the cold air through the cold air discharge hole  42  and the hot air through the hot air discharge hole  41 . 
     Next, the cold air discharged through the cold air discharge hole may be circulated over the upper portion of a gas supply device ( 1604 ). 
     For example, as described above in  FIG. 10 , the cold air discharged through the cold air discharge hole  42  of the vortex tube  23  may flow in at least one inlet  12  via the second line  27 , and may circulate over the upper portion of the gas supply device  5 , in detail, in the fluid channel  9 . 
     Operations  1601  to  1604  may be continuously and/or repeatedly performed. 
     In an additional embodiment, while operations  1601  to  1604  are performed, the temperature of the gas supply device may be measured. In this case, according to the temperature of the gas supply device, the gas compressor  100  of  FIG. 10  may control the pressure of the gas flowing in the vortex tube  23  and/or the control valve  31  of  FIG. 11  may control the discharge amount of the hot air discharged through the vortex tube  23 , thereby controlling the temperature of the cold air circulating over the upper portion of the gas supply device. In an additional embodiment, according to the temperature of the gas supply device, the flow rate of the cold air circulating over the upper portion of the gas supply device may be controlled by using the fan  14  of  FIG. 10 , thereby controlling the cooling speed of the gas supply device. As such, by using the gas compressor  100  of  FIG. 10 , the control valve  31  of  FIG. 11 , the fan  14  of  FIG. 10 , the temperature of the gas supply device may be maintained within a certain range, and furthermore, cooling efficiency may be improved. 
     The above-described description provides a plurality of example embodiments and a plurality of representative merits of the substrate processing apparatus including the cooling device. For the sake of simplicity, only combinations of a limited number of related features are described. However, it is interpreted that a feature of a certain example may be combined with a feature of another example. Moreover, it is to be understood that these advantages are non-limiting and that particular advantages are not, or need not be, features of any particular embodiment. 
     The cooling devices according to the above-described embodiments may maintain the temperature of the upper portion of each of the reactors constant by using the vortex tube during a high-temperature process, improve stability in maintenance and repair and reproducibility of the process, and prevent malfunction of the rector parts at a high temperature. Furthermore, the cooling devices according to be above-described embodiments may simplify the cooling structure by using the vortex tube and may reduce the amount of power needed to generate a cooling gas. Accordingly, the cooling devices according to be above-described embodiments may improve operational energy efficiency and simultaneously maintain the temperature of the upper portion of each of the reactors constant. 
     When the cooling devices according to be above-described embodiments is used, a cooling gas of a relatively low temperature may be supplied to the gas supply device heated to a high temperature, and thus the temperature of the gas supply device may be easily controlled. 
     It should be understood that embodiments described herein should be considered in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Descriptions of features or aspects within each embodiment should typically be considered as available for other similar features or aspects in other embodiments. While one or more embodiments have been described with reference to the figures, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the following claims.