Patent Publication Number: US-2023158360-A1

Title: Cable reformer

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims priority to and the benefit of both U.S. Provisional Application No. 63/424,644, entitled “CABLE REFORMER,” filed Nov. 11, 2022 and U.S. Provisional Application No. 63/282,046, entitled “TRU GRIT REFORMER,” filed Nov. 22, 2021, and both of which are incorporated by reference entirely herein. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present description generally relates to exercise equipment and, more particularly, to exercise apparatuses with resistance mechanisms. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Strength training involves physical exercises that are designed to improve strength and endurance. Strength training may include the use of weights (e.g., weighted objects, body weight, etc.) to provide resistance that an individual may work against. These weights may be in a variety of forms, such as free weights or machines. Exercise machines are typically dedicated to a single type of motion, such as a chest press, shoulder press, row, pull-down, and the like. Exercise machines are also typically fixtures, as their size and weight render them immovable. Many machines also have limited utility, undesirable form factors, and dated technology. Accordingly, there is a need for updated exercise equipment that can provide training through various exercise motions at various resistances while also remaining compact and movable. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE 
     The present disclosure describes an exercise device including a first base and a second base. The first base includes a pair of support handles rotatably connected to the first base, a pair of cable arms rotatably connected to the first base, wherein the pair of cable arms include a first engagement mechanism, an electronic resistance device connected to a pair of cable handles via a pair of cables that pass through a pair of channels defined by the pair of cable arms; and a seat. The second base includes a beam affixed to and connecting the first base and the second base. The beam includes a track, a backrest carriage that is slidably engaged with the track and includes a second and third engagement mechanism, and a backrest rotatably connected to an end of the backrest carriage. 
     The present disclosure also describes an exercise device including a base and a beam. The base includes a pair of cable arms rotatably connected to the base, wherein the pair of cable arms include a first engagement mechanism, an electronic resistance device connected to a pair of cable handles via a pair of cables that pass through a pair of channels defined by the pair of cable arms, and a seat. The beam is affixed to the base and includes a track, a backrest carriage that is slidably engaged with the track and includes a second and third engagement mechanism, and a backrest rotatably connected to an end of the backrest carriage. 
     The present disclosure further describes an exercise apparatus. The exercise apparatus comprises a first base having a seat and at least one arm, a second base, and a track operatively coupled and extending between the first base and the second base. The exercise apparatus further comprises a carriage configured to travel along the track between the first base and the second base and pulleys, namely, a first pulley coupled with the first base, a second pulley coupled with the second base, and aa third pulley coupled with the carriage. The third pulley is disposed below the carriage. The exercise apparatus further comprises a first cable forming a loop between the first pulley and the third pulley, and a second cable attached to a hook forming a loop between the second pulley and the third pulley. The first and second cables are disposed below the carriage and the track. The exercise apparatus also comprises a motor operatively coupled with the third pulley and configured to impart a rotational force onto the third pulley. 
     The summary is intended only to provide examples of certain aspects and should not be read to limit any portion of the disclosure or claims. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Certain features of the subject technology are set forth in the appended claims. However, for the purpose of explanation, several embodiments of the subject technology are set forth in the following figures. 
         FIG.  1    illustrates a perspective view of an example exercise apparatus, in accordance with one or more implementations. 
         FIG.  2 A  illustrates another perspective view of the example exercise apparatus of  FIG.  1   , in accordance with one or more implementations. 
         FIG.  2 B  illustrates a side view of the example exercise apparatus of  FIG.  1    with support handles and cable arms in an upright position, in accordance with one or more implementations. 
         FIG.  3 A  illustrates a perspective view of the example exercise apparatus of  FIG.  1    with a display, in accordance with one or more implementations. 
         FIG.  3 B  illustrates the example exercise apparatus of  FIG.  1    with the backrest carriage engaged, in accordance with one or more implementations. 
         FIG.  4 A  illustrates a first perspective view of the example exercise apparatus of  FIG.  1    in an overhead press configuration, in accordance with one or more implementations. 
         FIG.  4 B  illustrates a second perspective view of the example exercise apparatus of  FIG.  1    in an overhead press configuration, in accordance with one or more implementations. 
         FIG.  5    illustrates the example exercise apparatus of  FIG.  1    in an incline bench press configuration, in accordance with one or more implementations. 
         FIG.  6    illustrates the example exercise apparatus of  FIG.  1    in a seated bicep curl configuration, in accordance with one or more implementations. 
         FIG.  7 A  illustrates a first perspective view of an example exercise apparatus, in accordance with one or more implementations. 
         FIG.  7 B  illustrates a second perspective view of the example exercise apparatus of  FIG.  7 A , in accordance with one or more implementations. 
         FIG.  7 C  illustrates a third perspective view of the example exercise apparatus of  FIG.  7 A , in accordance with one or more implementations. 
         FIG.  8 A  illustrates a first cutaway/partially-exploded view of the example exercise apparatus of  FIG.  7 A , in accordance with one or more implementations. 
         FIG.  8 B  illustrates a first cutaway/partially-exploded view of the example exercise apparatus of  FIG.  7 A , in accordance with one or more implementations. 
         FIG.  8 C  illustrates a first cutaway/partially-exploded view of the example exercise apparatus of  FIG.  7 A , in accordance with one or more implementations. 
         FIG.  9    illustrates an example base of an exercise apparatus disclosed herein, in accordance with one or more implementations. 
         FIG.  10    illustrates an electronic device with which one or more implementations of the subject technology may be implemented. 
     
    
    
     The foregoing brief descriptions of the drawings are not exhaustive or exclusive descriptions of the drawings and should not be read to limit the disclosure in any manner. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The detailed description set forth below is intended as a description of various configurations of the subject technology and is not intended to represent the only configurations in which the subject technology can be practiced. The appended drawings are incorporated herein and constitute a part of the detailed description. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the subject technology. However, the subject technology is not limited to the specific details set forth herein and can be practiced using one or more other implementations. In one or more implementations, structures and components are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the subject technology. 
     The exercise apparatus, and methods for using the same, of the present disclosure is configurable to provide various exercise motions at various resistances while also remaining compact and movable. Where other exercise machines provide resistance via the use of weights that the user must move, the exercise apparatus of the present disclosure electronically provides various levels of resistance without the need for multiple weights. 
       FIG.  1    illustrates a perspective view of an example exercise apparatus  100 , in accordance with one or more implementations. Not all of the depicted components may be used in all implementations, however, and one or more implementations may include additional or different components than those shown in the figure. Variations in the arrangement and type of the components may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the claims as set forth herein. Additional components, different components, or fewer components may be provided. It should be understood that the depiction of the exercise apparatus  100  are not necessarily to scale and that other sizes of the exercise apparatus  100  are contemplated. 
     The user  101  may use the exercise apparatus  100  to perform a variety of exercises, such as bench press, incline bench press, shoulder press, bicep curls, and the like. Based on the user&#39;s position and configuration of the exercise apparatus  100 , many other exercises and variants thereof can be performed. The exercise apparatus  100  may be one piece of equipment for ease of setup. The exercise apparatus  100  may instead be multiple pieces that, when assembled, form the exercise apparatus for ease of storage. The exercise apparatus  100  may be in multiple sizes, such as small, medium, and large, based on the size of the user  101 . The exercise apparatus  100  may also or instead be adjustable so that the exercise apparatus  100  may change sizes. The exercise apparatus may include a seat base  118  and a rear base  120 . 
     The seat base  118  may include a pair of support handles  106 ,  108  rotatably connected to the seat base  118 , a pair of cable arms  103 ,  105  rotatably connected to the seat base  118 , one or more electronic resistance devices connected to the pair of cables for applying resistance to the pair of cables (or other elements of exercise apparatus  100  such as, e.g., carriage  130  and backrest  712 ), and a seat  110  to support the user  101 . 
     The pair of support handles  106 ,  108  may include a gripping material, such as rubber, for the user  101  to grasp. The pair of support handles  106 ,  108  and the pair of cable arms  103 ,  105  may be rotatably connected to the seat base  118  such that they may rotate around an axis that extends laterally along the seat base  118 . The rotation mechanism may include hinges, springs, hydraulics, gears, and the like for facilitating the rotation around the axis. Once in position, the pair of support handles  106 ,  108  and the pair of cable arms  103 ,  105  may be retained (e.g., held in place). The retention mechanism of support handles  106 ,  108  in place may include a friction mechanism, ratchets, pins, springs, and the like. The retention mechanism may include a mechanism that is automatically secured when a user adjusts the support handles  106 ,  108  and/or the cable arms  103 ,  105 , such as a spring-loaded pin that automatically slides into a slide. The retention mechanism may also or instead include a mechanism that is manually secured by the user, such as a screw that the user tightens to hold the support handles  106 ,  108  and/or the cable arms  103 ,  105  in place by increasing the friction on the support handles  106 ,  108  and/or the cable arms  103 ,  105  or by preventing them from moving. In one or more implementations the support handles  106 ,  108  and/or the cable arms  103 ,  105  may be physically coupled such that they move in tandem. The support handles  106 ,  108  and/or the cable arms  103 ,  105  may be connected with an axel or any other linkage mechanism that couples the support handle  106  with support handle  108  and/or the cable arm  103  with the cable arm  105 , and vice versa. For example, when the user moves the support handle  106 , the support handle  108  may move along with the support handle  106 . 
     The electronic resistance device may be integrated into appropriate elements of embodiments disclosed herein, for example, the seat base  118 , the support handles  106 ,  108 , or the cable arms  103 ,  105  or may be an independent device communicatively coupled to one or more of the seat base  118 , the support handles  106 ,  108 , or the cable arms  103 ,  105 . The electronic resistance device is connected to a pair of cable handles  102 ,  104  via a pair of cables that pass through a pair of channels defined by the pair of cable arms  103 ,  105 . For example, the cable arm  103 ,  105  may be cylindrical and have a hollow cavity through which a cable may be run. The electronic resistance device may be connected to a first end of the cable, and the cable handles  102 ,  104  may be connected to the second end of the cable. In one or more implementations, the second end of the cable may be connected to a clip such that the cable handle  102 ,  104  may be replaced with a different cable handle or attachment (e.g., rope, straight handle, bar, V-handle, D-handle). In embodiments, a single handle or component (e.g., wide bar, lat bar) can be attached to both of the clips or other attachment points for cable handle  102 ,  104 . 
     In embodiments, the electronic resistance device can be a motor disposed in rear base  120 . In alternative or complementary embodiments, a motor (or another motor) can be disposed in seat base  118 . The motor can be coupled or communicate wirelessly with display  126  and adjustment mechanisms  128  and  129  to send and receive information indicating and controlling an amount and direction of resistance. Exercise apparatus  100  can also include a drive system within beam  119 , seat base  118 , and/or rear base  120  and coupled to the motor. The linkage can be one or more chains, belts, cables, pulleys, loops, gears, sprockets, et cetera, capable of imparting a force on carriage  130  in either direction along track  136  through mechanical coupling with carriage  130 . 
     The rear base  120  may include a beam  119  affixed to and connecting the seat base  118  and the rear base  120 . The beam  119  may be permanently or removably affixed to the seat base  118  and/or the rear base  120 . The beam  119  may include a track  136  and a backrest carriage  130  (shown in  FIG.  4 A  and  FIG.  4 B ) slidably engaged with the track  136 . The track  136  may be a groove, a channel, a flange, or any other mechanism for holding the backrest carriage  130  in place while allowing the backrest carriage  130  to slide along at least a portion of the beam  119 . For example, the backrest carriage  130  includes a set of wheels, and the beam  119  includes a track  136  that retains the set of wheels by way of a flange. The motor can move carriage  130  and backrest  112  along track  136 , or can resist movement in a direction to provide the resistance indicated on display  126 . 
     The beam  119  may also include a backrest  112  that is rotatably connected to an end of the backrest carriage  130 . The backrest  112  may be raised from the backrest carriage  130  such that one end of the backrest  112  is raised while the other remains connected to the backrest carriage  130 . The backrest  112  and/or the backrest carriage may also have a rear backrest engagement mechanism  114 , or multiple engagement mechanisms, for connecting to the seat base  118  and/or the rear base  120  (e.g., via the rear base engagement mechanism  116 ). The rear backrest engagement mechanism  114  and rear base engagement mechanism  116  may include clips, fasteners, hooks, loops, clamps, and the like to retain the backrest carriage in place. In an alternative or complementary embodiment, rear backrest engagement mechanism  114  can have a clamping or other mechanism to fix backrest  112  and carriage  130  at a point along track  136 . In addition a window or aperture may be located in the vicinity of rear base engagement mechanism  116  as described hereafter at, e.g.,  FIG.  10   . In embodiments, rear backrest engagement mechanism may complementarily or alternatively be used to detach backrest carriage  130  and backrest  112  from a drive system (described hereafter) to allow free movement, inclining, or removal of carriage  130  and backrest  112  from track  136 . 
       FIG.  2 A  illustrates another perspective view of the example exercise apparatus  100  of  FIG.  1   , in accordance with one or more implementations. Not all of the depicted components may be used in all implementations, however, and one or more implementations may include additional or different components than those shown in the figure. Variations in the arrangement and type of the components may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the claims as set forth herein. Additional components, different components, or fewer components may be provided. 
     As shown in  FIG.  2 A , the exercise apparatus  100  is in a first configuration in which the exercise apparatus  100  is flat. To place the exercise apparatus  100  in the first configuration, the support arms  106 ,  108  may be rotated into a storage configuration. For example, as shown in  FIG.  2 A , the support arms  106 ,  108  are rotated such that they are substantially on the same plane as and/or parallel with the nearest edge of the seat  110 . The support arms  106 ,  108  may be held in place by a latch, for example, locking the support arms  106 ,  108  to the seat base  118  to prevent movement when in a storage configuration. 
     The cable arms  103 ,  105  may also be rotated into a storage configuration. For example, as shown in  FIG.  2 A , the cable arms  103 ,  105  are extended wider than the support arms  106 ,  108  and are rotated such that they are substantially on the same plane as and/or parallel to a nearest edge of the seat  110  without colliding with the support arms  106 ,  108 . The cable arms  103 ,  105  may be held in place by a spring-loaded pin that passes through the cable arms  103 ,  105  into a slot in the seat base  118 , for example, locking the cable arms  103 ,  105  to the storage configuration. When the cable arms  103 ,  105  are in the storage configuration, the cable handles  102 ,  104  may be stored by removing the cable handles  102 ,  104  from the cables and/or tucking the cable handles  102 ,  104  into the support base  118 . 
     The backrest  112  may be laid flat such that it is substantially parallel with the beam  119 . In one or more embodiments, the backrest  112  may be engaged with the backrest carriage  130  (shown in  FIG.  4 A  and  FIG.  4 B ). The front backrest engagement mechanism  134  may be disengaged from the front base engagement mechanism  138 , allowing the backrest carriage  130  to slide along the beam  119 . In one or more implementations, when the front base engagement mechanism  138  is disengaged from the front backrest engagement mechanism  134 , the electronic resistance device may be deactivated. In one or more implementations, the rear backrest engagement mechanism  114 —attached to the opposite side of the backrest  112  and/or backrest carriage  130 —may engage with the rear base engagement mechanism  116 , holding the backrest carriage  130  in place on the end of the beam  119  closest to the rear base  120 . 
       FIG.  2 B  illustrates a side view of the example exercise apparatus  100  of  FIG.  1    with support handles and cable arms in an upright position, in accordance with one or more implementations. Not all of the depicted components may be used in all implementations, however, and one or more implementations may include additional or different components than those shown in the figure. Variations in the arrangement and type of the components may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the claims as set forth herein. Additional components, different components, or fewer components may be provided. 
     As shown in  FIG.  2 B , the exercise apparatus  100  is in a second configuration in which the support arms  106 ,  108  and/or the cable arms  103 ,  105  are rotated into a position for use. The support arms  106 ,  108  may be rotated into an active configuration. For example, as shown in  FIG.  2 B , the support arms  106 ,  108  are rotated such that they are substantially perpendicular to the seat  110 . The support arms  106 ,  108  may be held in place by a spring-loaded pin that passes through the support arms  106 ,  108 , for example, locking the support arms  106 ,  108  into the active position. It should be understood that the support arms  106 ,  108  are not limited to the two positions shown in  FIG.  2 A  and  FIG.  2 B . For example, the support arms  106 ,  108  may be configured to be held in place in a position in between flat and perpendicular (e.g., 45 degrees) relative to the seat  110 . 
     The cable arms  103 ,  105  may also be rotated into an active configuration. For example, as shown in  FIG.  2 B , the cable arms  103 ,  105  are extended wider than the support arms  106 ,  108  and are rotated such that they are substantially perpendicular to the seat  110  without colliding with the support arms  106 ,  108 . The cable arms  103 ,  105  may be held in place by a spring-loaded pin that passes through the cable arms  103 ,  105  into a slot in the seat base  118 , for example, locking the cable arms  103 ,  105  to the active position. It should be understood that the cable arms  103 ,  105  are not limited to the two positions shown in  FIG.  2 A  and  FIG.  2 B . For example, the cable arms  103 ,  105  may be configured to be held in place in a position in between flat and perpendicular relative to the seat  110 . 
       FIG.  3 A  illustrates a perspective view of the example exercise apparatus  100  of  FIG.  1    with a display, in accordance with one or more implementations. Not all of the depicted components may be used in all implementations, however, and one or more implementations may include additional or different components than those shown in the figure. Variations in the arrangement and type of the components may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the claims as set forth herein. Additional components, different components, or fewer components may be provided. 
     As shown in  FIG.  3 A , the cable arms  103 ,  105  are in a storage configuration as discussed with regard to  FIG.  2 A . The support arms  106 ,  108  are in an active configuration as discussed with regard to  FIG.  2 B . The support arms  106 ,  108  may have support handles  107 ,  109  that may be rotatable relative to the support arms  106 ,  108 . Rotatable support handles  107 ,  109  may provide additional exercise configurations in which the user may use the support arms  106 ,  108  and/or the support handles  107 ,  109  directly to perform an exercise movement (e.g., dips or push-ups) or indirectly to perform an exercise movement (e.g., to prevent the user from rolling off of the exercise apparatus  100 ). 
     In one or more implementations, the support handles  107 ,  109  may be built into the support arms  106 ,  108 . In one or more implementations, the support handles  107 ,  109  may be a separate piece of material that is slidably engaged with the support arms  106 ,  108 . For example, the support handles  107 ,  109  may be a separate piece of material having a ninety-degree curve in which one end has a rubberized grip material for the user to grip and the other end slides in the support arms  106 ,  108  so that the support handles  107 ,  109  may be extended, retracted, and/or rotated relative to the support arms  106 ,  108 . As shown in  FIG.  3 A , the support arms  106 ,  108  are in a position substantially perpendicular to the beam  119  and the support handles  107 ,  109  are rotated such that they are parallel to the beam  119 . 
     The electronic resistance device of the exercise apparatus  100  may be built into the seat base  118  and/or the rear base  120 . The electronic resistance device may include a display  126 . The display  126  may present workout information, such as time elapsed, time remaining, amount of resistance applied to the cable handles  102 ,  104  by the electronic resistance device, and the like. The electronic resistance device may also include one or more adjustment mechanisms  128 ,  129  to change an amount of resistance and/or a direction of resistance applied to the pair of cables by the electronic resistance device. For example, a first adjustment mechanism  128  may increase or decrease resistance on the cable handles  102 ,  104  and/or the backrest carriage  130 . As another example, a second adjustment mechanism  129  may control the direction of the resistance applied. 
       FIG.  3 B  illustrates the example exercise apparatus  100  of  FIG.  1    with the backrest carriage  130  (shown in  FIG.  4 A  and  FIG.  4 B ) engaged, in accordance with one or more implementations. Not all of the depicted components may be used in all implementations, however, and one or more implementations may include additional or different components than those shown in the figure. Variations in the arrangement and type of the components may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the claims as set forth herein. Additional components, different components, or fewer components may be provided. 
     A front base engagement mechanism  138  may be included in the seat base  118 , the electronic resistance device, the seat  110 , the support arms  106 ,  108 , the cable arms  103 ,  105 , and/or the beam  119 . The front base engagement mechanism  138  is configured to engage with the front backrest engagement mechanism  134 . The front base engagement mechanism  138  may include a latch, hook, loop, clasp, button, pin, and the like. The front backrest engagement mechanism  134  may be included in the backrest  112  and/or the backrest carriage  130 . The front base engagement mechanism  138  may include a latch, hook, loop, clasp, button, pin, and the like that engages with the front base engagement mechanism  138 . 
     An electronic resistance device may be included in the seat base  118 , the seat  110 , the support arms  106 ,  108 , the cable arms  103 ,  105 , and/or the beam  119 . When the front base engagement mechanism  138  and the front backrest engagement mechanism  134  are engaged, the backrest  112  and the backrest carriage  130  are held in place and the electronic resistance device is activated. The electronic resistance device is connected to the pair of cable handles  102 ,  104  such that, when the front base engagement mechanism  138  is engaged with the front backrest engagement mechanism  134 , the electronic resistance device applies resistance to the cable handle  102 ,  104  receiving the force. 
     The electronic resistance device is configured to impart resistance onto movement (e.g., extension, rotation, and the like) of a cable, a handle, or other component of the exercise apparatus  100 . The resistance applied by the electronic resistance device may be configured to require a particular amount of force to be exerted by the user (e.g., 5 lbs., 10 lbs., 20 lbs., etc.) to overcome the resistance so that the user experiences the exercise apparatus  100  as he would traditional exercise equipment that utilizes weighted plates. 
     The cable arms  103 ,  105  are configured to rotate, extend, and/or otherwise move such that the cable handles  102 ,  104  can be placed in several positions and/or distances from the seat  110  to give the user a variety of exercise options, such as angles to which the user may apply force. Accordingly, the active configuration of the cable arms  103 ,  105  may include rotation toward the rear base  120 . For example, as shown in  FIG.  3 B , the cable arms  103 ,  105  are rotated such that the cable handles  102 ,  104  rest below the beam  119 . The cable arms  103 ,  105  may be held in place by a spring-loaded pin that passes through the cable arms  103 ,  105  into a slot in the seat base  118 , for example, locking the cable arms  103 ,  105  to the active position. Because the backrest carriage  130  is engaged with the electronic resistance device, when a force is applied to the cable handles  102 ,  104 , the electronic resistance device will apply resistance to the connected cable handles  102 ,  104 . It should be understood that other configurations of the cable arms  103 ,  105  are contemplated. 
       FIG.  4 A  illustrates a first perspective view of the example exercise apparatus  100  of  FIG.  1    in an overhead press configuration, in accordance with one or more implementations. Not all of the depicted components may be used in all implementations, however, and one or more implementations may include additional or different components than those shown in the figure. Variations in the arrangement and type of the components may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the claims as set forth herein. Additional components, different components, or fewer components may be provided. 
     The overhead press is an upper-body weight training exercise in which the user  101  presses a weight overhead while seated or standing. In an overhead press configuration, the user  101  pushes the cable handles  102 ,  104  upwards, away from the beam  119 . To configure the exercise apparatus  100  for the overhead press exercise, the backrest  112  and the cable arms  103 ,  105  are on substantially the same plane and are rotated such that the plane is substantially perpendicular to the beam  119  (e.g., 80 degrees, 90 degrees, 100 degrees, etc. relative to the beam  119 ). For example, the cable arms  103 ,  105  may be placed in the position shown in  FIG.  2 B . The front base engagement mechanism  138  and the front backrest engagement mechanism  134  may be engaged to activate the electronic resistance device, e.g., as shown in  FIG.  3 B  so that resistance is applied to the cable handles  102 ,  104 . The support handles  106 ,  108  may be placed in a storage configuration, e.g., as shown in  FIG.  2 A . 
       FIG.  4 B  illustrates a second perspective view of the example exercise apparatus  100  of  FIG.  1    in an overhead press configuration, in accordance with one or more implementations. The backrest carriage  130  is slidably connected to the beam  119 . For example, the sides of the beam  119  may each contain a groove (e.g., a track  136 ) down the length of the beam  119 , and at least part of the backrest carriage  130  may be molded to the beam  119  and the groove such that the backrest carriage  130  fits into the groove and can slide along the beam  119  via the groove. The backrest carriage  130  may include a support  132  configured to hold the backrest  112  in an incline or upright position. The support  132  may be rotatably and/or removably connected to the backrest carriage  130 . For example, an end of the support  132  may be connected to a hinge, and the hinge is connected to the backrest carriage  130 . The side of the backrest  112  that comes into contact with the backrest carriage  130  is configured to receive the support  132 . For example, the backrest  112  may include one or more grooves, teeth, slots, and the like for engaging with the support  132  such that the backrest  112  is held in position when the backrest  112  receives the support  132 . 
     In one or more implementations, the backrest carriage  130  may include one or more carriage handles  122 ,  124  for moving the backrest carriage  130 , adding more surface area to the backrest  112  when the backrest  112  is laid against the backrest carriage  130 , and/or holding the backrest  112  in place when the backrest  112  is laid against the backrest carriage  130 . The carriage handles  122 ,  124  may be placed on opposing sides of the backrest carriage  130  such that they face away from the seat base  118  and the rear base  120 . The carriage handles  122 ,  124  may be engageable with the backrest  112  for securing the backrest  112  to the backrest carriage  130 . For example, the carriage handles  122 ,  124  and the backrest  112  may include a set of magnets, and the magnets of the carriage handles  122  and  124  attract to the magnets of the backrest  112 , thereby holding the backrest  112  against the backrest carriage  130 . 
       FIG.  5    illustrates the example exercise apparatus  100  of  FIG.  1    in an incline bench press configuration, in accordance with one or more implementations. Not all of the depicted components may be used in all implementations, however, and one or more implementations may include additional or different components than those shown in the figure. Variations in the arrangement and type of the components may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the claims as set forth herein. Additional components, different components, or fewer components may be provided. 
     The incline bench press is an upper-body weight training exercise in which the user  101  presses a weight substantially perpendicular to the beam  119  while the backrest  112  is set at an incline (e.g., fifteen to thirty degrees). In an incline bench press configuration, the user  101  pushes the cable handles  102 ,  104  upwards, away from the beam  119 . To configure the exercise apparatus  100 , the backrest  112  may be rotated away from the backrest carriage  130  such that the backrest  112  is inclined and is held in place by the support  132 . The cable arms  103 ,  105  are rotated such that they are substantially parallel to the beam  119  (e.g., 0 degrees, 5 degrees, −5 degrees, etc. relative to the beam  119 ). For example, the cable arms  103 ,  105  may be placed in the position shown in  FIG.  3 B . The front backrest engagement mechanism  134  (attached to the backrest  112  and/or the backrest carriage  130 ) may be engaged with the front base engagement mechanism  138  to activate the electronic resistance device, e.g., as shown in  FIG.  3 B  so that resistance is applied to the cable handles  102 ,  104 . The support handles  106 ,  108  may be placed in a storage configuration, e.g., as shown in  FIG.  2 A . 
       FIG.  6    illustrates the example exercise apparatus  100  of  FIG.  1    in a seated bicep curl configuration, in accordance with one or more implementations. Not all of the depicted components may be used in all implementations, however, and one or more implementations may include additional or different components than those shown in the figure. Variations in the arrangement and type of the components may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the claims as set forth herein. Additional components, different components, or fewer components may be provided. 
     The bicep curl is an upper-body weight training exercise in which the user  101  starts with one or both arms in a fully extended position, holding one or both cable handles  102 ,  104  with a supinated grip and curling (e.g., bending) the elbow until it is fully flexed, then slowly lowering the weight to the starting position. To configure the exercise apparatus  100 , the backrest  112  may be rotated away from the backrest carriage  130  such that the backrest  112  is substantially perpendicular to the beam  119  and held in place by the support  132 . The cable arms  103 ,  105  are extended wider than the support arms  106 ,  108  and are rotated such that they are substantially parallel with the seat  110  (e.g., 0 degrees, 5 degrees, −5 degrees, etc., relative to the seat  110 ) without colliding with the support arms  106 ,  108 . For example, the cable arms  103 ,  105  may be placed in the position shown in  FIG.  2 A . The cable arms  103 ,  105  may be held in place by a spring-loaded pin that passes through the cable arms  103 ,  105  into a slot in the seat base  118 , for example, locking the cable arms  103 ,  105  in the storage configuration. The front backrest engagement mechanism  134  (attached to the backrest  112  and/or the backrest carriage  130 ) may be engaged with the electronic resistance device, e.g., as shown in  FIG.  3 B , so that resistance is applied to the cable handles  102 ,  104  when a force is applied to the cable handles  102 ,  104  by the user  101 . 
     It should be understood that other configurations of the exercise apparatus  100  other than those shown in the  FIGS.  1 - 6    and that other exercises are contemplated beyond shoulder press, incline chess press, and bicep curls. For example, the exercise apparatus  100  may be configured for lower body and core exercises. 
     There are a variety of methods for using the apparatuses disclosed herein. In an embodiment, a method for using an exercise device including positioning a first base comprising a seat, a support handle, and a cable arm. The method also includes positioning a beam comprising a back rest and a back rest carriage, wherein the beam connects the first base to a second base. The method further includes moving at least one of the support handle or the cable arm from a first position to a second position, wherein the support handle and the cable arm are rotatably connected to the first base, and locking the at least one of the support handle or the cable arm to the second position. The method can further include activating an electronic resistance device by engaging a first engagement mechanism of the first base to a second engagement mechanism of a back rest carriage, wherein the electronic resistance device is connected to a cable handle via a cable that passes through a channel defined by the cable arm; selecting, on a display of the electronic resistance device, an amount of resistance applied to the cable handle; and applying a force to the cable arm, wherein the force counteracts the resistance. The method can further or alternatively include moving the back rest from a first position to a second position and locking the back rest to the second position with a support. 
       FIG.  7 A  illustrates an example embodiment of an exercise apparatus  700  utilizing a pulley system to provide resistance.  FIG.  7 B  similarly shows an example embodiment of an exercise apparatus  700  arranged with arms  703  and  705  arranged in a different configuration.  FIG.  7 C  shows a bottom view of exercise apparatus  700 . The components of exercise apparatus  700  are supported by two bases, seat base  718  and motor base  720 . A track  736  extends between seat base  718  and motor base  720 . As illustrated, track  736  includes first rail  736 ′ and second rail  736 ″, but in alternative embodiments one or three or more rails can be utilized. While first and second rails  736 ′ and  736 ″ are shown as tubular members, other geometries can be employed (e.g., cross sections with alternative rounded geometry, cross sections with polygonal geometry, combinations thereof, beams with flanges, et cetera) without departing from the scope or spirit of the innovation. In the illustrated embodiment, seat guide  776  couples first rail  736 ′ to seat base  718 ; motor guide  766  couples first rail  736 ′ to motor base  720 ; seat guide  778  couples second rail  736 ″ to seat base  718 ; and motor guide  768  couples second rail  736 ″ to motor base  720 . Other manners of attachment (e.g., pinning, welding, threading, guide formed as a unitary element with base, et cetera) can be utilized in alternative or complementary embodiments without departing from the scope or spirit of the innovation. Bases can also include additional attachments points for springs, cables, or other accessories, such as, e.g., base attachment point  719 . Also running between seat base  718  and motor base  720  are one or more cables as described herein. 
     Seat base  718  can include a seat  710  disposed on a top side of seat base  718 . The seat can be a cushioned or include a non-slip material, or other suitable material or combination thereof. Arms  703  and  705  are also coupled to seat base  710 . In embodiments, arms  703  and  705  are rotatably coupled to seat base  718 . Arms  703  and  705  can be rotatable at more than one position, e.g., as shown in  FIG.  7 B , where first portions of the arms  703  and  705  are rotated vertically (e.g., approximately perpendicular to track  736 ) and second portions of the arms  703  and  705  are rotated forward (e.g., approximately parallel to track  736 ). In embodiments, pop pins can be used to lock or release portions of arms  703  and  705  for rotation. In embodiments, the second portions of arms  703  and  705  can be a handle. One or more portions of arms  703  and  705  can include material to aid user grip, be flared or tapered, or be wider or narrower in diameter, without departing from the scope or spirit of the innovation. 
     Exercise apparatus  700  includes a carriage  730  configured to travel along track  736 . Carriage  730  can include components for coupling carriage  730  with track  736 , such as guides or clasps. Components for coupling carriage  730  with track  736  can removably or irremovably couple carriage  730  with track  736 . For example, guides could only wrap around a portion of track  736  to allow carriage  730  to be removed without tools. Alternatively hardware utilizing screws, pins, latches, or other parts for fixing or attaching can be used such that carriage  730  is attached to track  736  until a user removes or opens the attaching elements. In another alternative, carriage  730  can be permanently attached to track  736  (e.g., removal of carriage  730  from track  736  requires cutting or irreversible deformation of a component). Carriage  730  can have a backrest  712  as well as one or more handles  722  and  724 . Backrest  712  can be a cushion, non-slip material, or other appropriate material, or combination thereof. In alternative embodiments, handles can be disposed on any other portion of carriage  730  and/or backrest  712 , and such handles may be fixed or movable. In embodiments, carriage  730 , backrest  712 , and/or one or both of seat base  718  and motor base  720  can have dampeners, buffers, or cushion material to prevent slamming of carriage  730  and/or backrest  712  against one or both of seat base  718  and motor base  720 . Carriage  730  and/or backrest  712  can include one or more backrest attachment points  714  integrated thereon to allow for securing of the carriage  730 /backrest  712  into one position on track  736 , or the attachments of springs, cables, or other accessories to carriage  730 /backrest  712 . 
       FIGS.  8 A- 8 C  illustrate partial cutaway views excluding parts of exercise apparatus  700  to provide views of the pulley system used to provide resistance and/or convey carriage  730  and backrest  712  along track  736 . Two cables  752  and  754  wrap around motor pulleys  760  and  762 . In embodiments, a single motor pulley can be used, or three or more motor pulleys can be used, in lieu of or in combination with motor pulleys  760  and  762 . Motor pulleys  760  and  762  are operatively coupled with motor  750 , which can turn motor pulleys  760  and  762  to convey carriage  730  and backrest  712  along track  736 , or provide variable resistance to a user exerting force on backrest  712  and/or track  736  (or other components operatively coupled with cables  752  and  754 , such as movable arms or cables for strength training) based on the motor force resisting the user&#39;s motion. Two backrest pulleys  780  and  782  are shown attached to carriage  730  and backrest  712 . The backrest pulleys  780  and  782  can be attached to carriage  730  using a carriage pulley attachment  784 . In embodiments, a single backrest pulley can be used, or three or more backrest pulleys can be used, in lieu of or in combination with backrest pulleys  780  and  782 . Exercise apparatus  700  also has a seat pulley  770 . In embodiments, more than one seat pulley can be used. 
     In the embodiment illustrated, first cable  752  attaches to seat hook  774  and extends to backrest pulley  782 . First cable  752  wraps around backrest pulley  782  then extends back to seat pulley  770 . First cable wraps around seat pulley  770  then extends past backrest pulley  782  (without wrapping) to motor pulley  762 . First cable wraps several times around motor pulley  762  before being fixed into the wheel of motor pulley  762 . In this manner, first cable  752  can spool around motor pulley  762  or seat pulley  770  based on the positioning of carriage  730  and backrest  712 , and exert resistance on the motion of carriage  730  and backrest  712 , or impart motion onto carriage  730  and backrest  712 , using force imparted from motor  750 . 
     First and second cables  752  and  754  can be formed of any appropriate material. In an embodiment, first and second cables are the same material and/or specification. In alternative embodiments, first and second cables can be different materials and/or specifications. In this manner, the use of two or more motor pulleys  760  and  762 , and two or more backrest pulleys,  780  and  782 , can provide pulleys configured to work with a specific cable type. In embodiments, cables can be formed of metal, polymer, rubber, or any other suitable material, or combinations thereof. In embodiments, cables can be metal cables wrapped in plastic, rubber, and/or other materials. In an embodiment, one or more cables can alternatively be chains (made of, e.g., any material described herein), belts (e.g., flat or with teeth), or tracks, and pulleys can be configured to engage such cables or alternatives (e.g., comprising gears or sprockets). 
     Motor  750  can be, e.g., a stepper motor, or any appropriate motor for directly or indirectly turning motor pulleys  760  and  762 . In embodiments, a motor (replacing or supplementing motor  750 ) can be provided in seat base  718  to act on seat pulley  770  and second cable  754  to impart motion or resistance to motion to carriage  730  and backrest  712 . Motor  750  can be powered using an electrical connection. The electrical connection can include a cable or plug, or receptacle for accepting a cable or plug, disposed in or on motor base  720 , or elsewhere in exercise apparatus  700 . In an alternative or complementary embodiment, one or both of motor base  720  and seat base  718  can include a battery that is electrically coupled to one or both of motor  750  and/or display  726  and adjustment mechanisms  728  and  729 . 
     In the embodiment illustrated, second cable  754  connects to motor hook  764  and extends around backrest pulley  780  before returning to spool around motor pulley  760  and being fixed thereto. Based on force imparted from motor  750 , second cable  754  can spool around motor pulley  760  based on the positioning of carriage  730  and backrest  712 , and exert resistance on the motion of carriage  730  and backrest  712 , or impart motion onto carriage  730  and backrest  712 . As second cable  754  unspools, the loop is made larger allowing carriage  730  and backrest  712  to move away from motor pulley  760  along track  736 . 
     The cables and pulleys herein can be complemented with additional elements or arranged in a variety of different ways without departing from the scope or spirit of the innovation. In embodiments, some or all of cables  752  and  754  can be enclosed to protect the cables and prevent interference or injury. In embodiments, a housing or floor can be provided, spanning some or all of the space between seat base  718  and motor base  720 , to enclose the moving parts below carriage  730 , arranged with gaps or otherwise shaped to avoid interfering with the motion of carriage  730  and backrest  712  along track  736 . In embodiments, pulleys and cables need not be disposed below the track, but can be disposed to one side or another, and/or be mounted lower in one or both bases. In embodiments, the orientation of pulleys and cables can be changed rotationally (e.g., 90 degrees from how they are shown) such that loops of the cable run over and under one another rather side-by-side as illustrated. 
     The resistance applied to cables  752  and  754  can be indicated using display  726 . Display  726  includes adjustment mechanisms  728  and  729 . In the illustrated embodiment, the amount of resistance is displayed on display  726 , and adjustment mechanisms  728  and  738  can be used (e.g., spinning one way or the other) to increase or decrease resistance on carriage  730 . In embodiments, the resistance can be displayed on display  726  in duplicate, with one inverted from the other, for ease of reading regardless of how arms  703  and  705  are rotated or the exercise being performed. Alternatively, display  726  can be operatively coupled to a sensor that identifies the orientation of display  726  and/or an exercise being performed, and the sensor information can be used to properly display the resistance to a user on display  726 . In embodiments, another action on one or both of adjustment mechanism(s)  728  and  729  (e.g., depressing one or both wheels) reverses the direction of resistance. 
     In embodiments, adjustment mechanisms  728  and  729  are coupled with a controller, and in further embodiments the controller may be configured to transmit or receive signals wirelessly. In such embodiments, a user could also use an application to send control signals (e.g., to change the amount or direction of resistance) to the controller. In embodiments, resistance is controlled using motor  750 . Motor  750  can in embodiments include such a controller, or may be operatively coupled to a controller disposed elsewhere in or on exercise apparatus  700 . In embodiments where motor  750  provides resistance and motor  750  does not include the controller, a variety of techniques can be utilized to operatively couple motor  750  and the controller (e.g., wires inside track  736 , wires below or alongside the moving parts, wireless communication using Bluetooth or Wi-Fi, et cetera). Display  726  can likewise be coupled to motor  750 , the controller, or other elements in order to receive a signal representative of the amount and/or direction of resistance for display. 
     It should be understood that aspects of  FIGS.  1 - 6    and aspects of  FIGS.  7 - 10    can be substituted or combined without departing from the scope or spirit of the innovation. For example, a cable system (e.g., the components of exercise apparatus  100  terminating in cable handles  102  and  104 ) can be integrated with exercise apparatus  700 . Similarly, a multi-position backrest capable of being raised or inclined at different angles to carriage  730  and/or track  736  can be utilized with exercise apparatus  700 . Alternatively, a cable drive system (e.g., using step motor  750 , cables  752  and  754 , and/or pulleys  760 ,  762 ,  770 ,  780 , and  782 , et cetera) can be utilized with exercise apparatus  100  or similar exercise apparatuses. This is not an exhaustive listing of possible alternatives, and those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate other modifications between embodiments herein allowing aspects of one to be used with or exchanged for aspects of another, and nothing herein should be read to limit such alternatives or combinations. 
       FIG.  9    illustrates an example enclosure that can be provided on a base to an exercise apparatus such as exercise apparatus  100  or exercise apparatus  700 . In embodiments, the enclosure can include a window that permits a user to see one or more of pulleys, gears, cables, a motor, et cetera, within the base. In embodiments, the window of the enclosure can be opened to access parts within the base. In embodiments the window is provided in base  120  of exercise apparatus  100  or base  720  of exercise apparatus  700 . In embodiments the window is provided on another base of an exercise apparatus, such as base  118  or base  718 . 
       FIG.  10    illustrates an electronic component  1000  with which one or more implementations of the subject technology may be implemented. The electronic component  1000  can be a part of the apparatus  100  and/or a separate device affixed to the apparatus  100 . The electronic component  1000  may include various types of computer-readable media and interfaces for various other types of computer-readable media. The electronic component  1000  includes a bus  1010 , a processing unit  1018 , a system memory  1004 , a storage device  1002 , an input device interface  1006 , an output device interface  1008 , sensor(s)  1014 , electronic resistance device  1016 , and a network interface  1012 , or subsets and variations thereof. 
     The bus  1010  collectively represents all system, peripheral, and chipset buses that communicatively connect the numerous internal devices of the electronic component  1000 . In one or more implementations, the bus  1010  communicatively connects the processing unit  1018  with the other components of the electronic component  1000 . From various memory units (e.g., the system memory  1004 ), the processing unit  1018  retrieves instructions to execute and data to process in order to execute the operations of the subject disclosure. The processing unit  1018  can be a controller and/or a single- or multi-core processor or processors in various implementations. 
     The storage device  1002  may be a read-and-write memory device. The storage device  1002  may be a non-volatile memory unit that stores instructions and data (e.g., static and dynamic instructions and data) even when the electronic component  1000  is off. In one or more implementations, a mass-storage device (such as a magnetic or optical disk and its corresponding disk drive) may be used as the storage device  1002 . In one or more implementations, a removable storage device (such as a floppy disk, flash drive, and its corresponding disk drive) may be used as the storage device  1002 . 
     Like the storage device  1002 , the system memory  1004  may be a read-and-write memory device. However, unlike the storage device  1002 , the system memory  1004  may be a volatile read-and-write memory, such as random access memory. The system memory  1004  may store any of the instructions and data that one or more processing unit  1018  may need at runtime to perform operations. In one or more implementations, the processes of the subject disclosure are stored in the system memory  1004  and/or the storage device  1002 . From these various memory units, the one or more processing unit  1018  retrieves instructions to execute and data to process in order to execute the processes of one or more implementations. 
     The bus  1010  also connects to the input device interface  1006  and output device interface  1008 . The input device interface  1006  enables the system to receive inputs. For example, the input device interface  1006  allows a user to communicate information and provide commands to the electronic component  1000 . The input device interface  1006  may be used with input devices such as keyboards, mice, and other user input devices as well as microphones, cameras, and other sensor devices (e.g., sensors  1014 ). The output device interface  1008  may enable, for example, the display of images, such as images generated by electronic component  1000  or received via the input device interface  1006 . Output devices that may be used with the output device interface  1008  may include, for example, printers and display devices, such as a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display, an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, a flexible display, a flat panel display, a solid state display, an e-ink/e-paper display, or any other device for outputting information. One or more implementations may include devices that function as both input and output devices, such as a touchscreen. In these implementations, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback, such as visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback; and input from the user can be received in any form, including acoustic, speech, or tactile input. 
     The bus  1010  also couples the electronic component  1000  to one or more networks and/or to one or more network nodes (e.g., other electronic devices) through the network interface  1012 . The network interface  1012  may include one or more interfaces that allow the electronic component  1000  to be a part of a network of computers (such as a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (“WAN”), or a network of networks (the “Internet”)). Any or all components of the electronic component  1000  can be used in conjunction with the subject disclosure. 
     The electronic component  1000  may also include an electronic resistance device  1016 . The electronic resistance device  1016  may be used for controlling the resistance that the user experiences when pulling a cable handle (e.g., cable handles  102 ,  104 ), moving the carriage  130  or  730 , or backrest  112  or  712 , or performing exercises with any other element of exercise apparatus(es)  100  and  700 . The electronic resistance device  1016  may be included and/or be in communication with a tension gauge to determine whether it is applying the appropriate amount of resistance. The electronic resistance device  1016  may be an electronic and/or mechanical module. An electronic resistance module may utilize electrically-based mechanisms for providing resistance, such as an electric motor, an electronic linear actuator, and the like. A mechanical resistance module may utilize mechanically-based mechanisms for providing resistance, such as springs, pullies, hydraulics, and the like. 
     For example, an electronic resistance device  1016  may include an electric mechanical device, such as an induction motor, whose rotor is coupled to a resistance cable and includes a plurality of gears for adjusting the resistance. The motor may be configured to rotate one or more gears and/or adjust the gear ratio of the gears. The motor may increase resistance applied to the cable handles (e.g., cable handles  102 ,  104 ), carriage  130  or  730 , or backrest  112  or  712 , or other movable elements of or coupled with exercise apparatus(es)  100  or  700  by increasing the power of the motor and/or adjusting the gear ratio, which results in the user having to exert more force to work against. 
     The electronic component  1000  also includes one or more sensors  1014 . The sensors  1014  may be used for generating exercise data, receiving user input (e.g., to supply to the input device interface  1006 ), and the like. For example, sensors  1014  may include a pressure sensor, proximity sensor, bioimpedance sensor, and the like, to determine whether a user is on the mat. As another example, sensors  1014  may also include a capacitive touch sensor for the user to provide input. The sensors  1014  may also include a tension gauge for determining the amount of resistance applied by the resistance module and/or the amount of force applied by the user. 
     Implementations within the scope of the present disclosure can be partially or entirely realized using a tangible computer-readable storage medium (or multiple tangible computer-readable storage media of one or more types) encoding one or more instructions. The tangible computer-readable storage medium can also be non-transitory in nature. 
     The computer-readable storage medium can be any storage medium that can be read, written, or otherwise accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computing device, including any processing electronics and/or processing circuitry capable of executing instructions. For example, without limitation, the computer-readable medium can include any volatile semiconductor memory (e.g., the system memory  1004 ), such as RAM, DRAM, SRAM, T-RAM, Z-RAM, and TTRAM. The computer-readable medium can also include any non-volatile semiconductor memory (e.g., the storage device  1002 ), such as ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, NVRAM, flash, nvSRAM, FeRAM, FeTRAM, MRAM, PRAM, CBRAM, SONOS, RRAM, NRAM, racetrack memory, FJG, and Millipede memory. 
     Further, the computer-readable storage medium can include any non-semiconductor memory, such as optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage, magnetic tape, other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of storing one or more instructions. In one or more implementations, the tangible computer-readable storage medium can be directly coupled to a computing device, while in other implementations, the tangible computer-readable storage medium can be indirectly coupled to a computing device, e.g., via one or more wired connections, one or more wireless connections, or any combination thereof. 
     Instructions can be directly executable or can be used to develop executable instructions. For example, instructions can be realized as executable or non-executable machine code or as instructions in a high-level language that can be compiled to produce executable or non-executable machine code. Further, instructions can also be realized as or can include data. Computer-executable instructions can also be organized in any format, including routines, subroutines, programs, data structures, objects, modules, applications, applets, functions, etc. As recognized by those of skill in the art, details including, but not limited to, the number, structure, sequence, and organization of instructions can vary significantly without varying the underlying logic, function, processing, and output. 
     While the above discussion primarily refers to microprocessors or multi-core processors that execute software, one or more implementations are performed by one or more integrated circuits, such as ASICs or FPGAs. In one or more implementations, such integrated circuits execute instructions that are stored on the circuit itself. 
     Those of skill in the art would appreciate that the various illustrative blocks, modules, elements, components, methods, and algorithms described herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. To illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative blocks, modules, elements, components, methods, and algorithms have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application. Various components and blocks may be arranged differently (e.g., arranged in a different order, or partitioned in a different way) all without departing from the scope of the subject technology. 
     It is understood that any specific order or hierarchy of blocks in the processes disclosed is an illustration of example approaches. Based upon design preferences, it is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of blocks in the processes may be rearranged, or that all illustrated blocks be performed. Any of the blocks may be performed simultaneously. In one or more implementations, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Moreover, the separation of various system components in the implementations described above should not be understood as requiring such separation in all implementations, and it should be understood that the described program components and systems can generally be integrated together in a single software product or packaged into multiple software products. 
     As used in this specification and any claims of this application, the terms “base station,” “receiver,” “computer,” “server,” “processor,” and “memory” all refer to electronic or other technological devices. These terms exclude people or groups of people. For the purposes of the specification, the terms “display” or “displaying” means displaying on an electronic device. 
     As used herein, the phrase “at least one of” preceding a series of items, with the term “and” or “or” to separate any of the items, modifies the list as a whole, rather than each member of the list (i.e., each item). The phrase “at least one of” does not require selection of at least one of each item listed; rather, the phrase allows a meaning that includes at least one of any one of the items, and/or at least one of any combination of the items, and/or at least one of each of the items. By way of example, the phrases “at least one of A, B, and C” or “at least one of A, B, or C” each refer to only A, only B, or only C; any combination of A, B, and C; and/or at least one of each of A, B, and C. 
     The predicate words “configured to,” “operable to,” and “programmed to” do not imply any particular tangible or intangible modification of a subject, but, rather, are intended to be used interchangeably. In one or more implementations, a processor configured to monitor and control an operation or a component may also mean the processor being programmed to monitor and control the operation or the processor being operable to monitor and control the operation. Likewise, a processor configured to execute code can be construed as a processor programmed to execute code or operable to execute code. 
     Phrases such as an aspect, the aspect, another aspect, some aspects, one or more aspects, an implementation, the implementation, another implementation, some implementations, one or more implementations, an embodiment, the embodiment, another embodiment, some implementations, one or more implementations, a configuration, the configuration, another configuration, some configurations, one or more configurations, the subject technology, the disclosure, the present disclosure, other variations thereof and alike are for convenience and do not imply that a disclosure relating to such phrase(s) is essential to the subject technology or that such disclosure applies to all configurations of the subject technology. A disclosure relating to such phrase(s) may apply to all configurations, or one or more configurations. A disclosure relating to such phrase(s) may provide one or more examples. A phrase such as an aspect or some aspects may refer to one or more aspects and vice versa, and this applies similarly to other foregoing phrases. 
     The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any embodiment described herein as “exemplary” or as an “example” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other implementations. Furthermore, to the extent that the term “include,” “have,” or the like is used in the description or the claims, such term is intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the phrase “comprise” as “comprise” is interpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim. 
     All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be encompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. No claim element is to be construed under the provisions of 35 U.S.C. § 112(f), unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for” or, in the case of a method claim, the element is recited using the phrase “step for.” 
     The previous description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Thus, the claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but are to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language claims, wherein reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean “one and only one” unless specifically so stated, but rather “one or more.” Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “some” refers to one or more. Pronouns in the masculine (e.g., his) may be used generally to refer to both masculine and feminine pronouns. Headings and subheadings, if any, are used for convenience only and do not limit the subject disclosure.