Patent Publication Number: US-2023158486-A1

Title: Fluid handling device and fluid handling system

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is entitled to and claims the benefit of Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-173266, filed on Oct. 22, 2021, the disclosure of which including the specification, drawings and abstract is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to a fluid handling device and a fluid handling system. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     In recent years, a channel chip has been used in order to conduct an analysis of a trace amount of substance such as a protein or a nucleic acid with high accuracy and at high speed. Advantageously, the channel chip requires only a small amount of reagents and samples for the analysis, and are expected to be used in various applications such as clinical tests, food tests, and environmental tests. A plurality of channels are usually arranged in the channel chip, and it is required to selectively flow a desired reagent, a sample, or the like in a desired channel. To this end, a valve including a diaphragm may be disposed between the plurality of channels. Patent Literature (hereinafter, referred to as “PTL”) 1 discloses diaphragm valves disposed between a plurality of channels. 
     CITATION LIST 
     Patent Literature 
     PTL 1 
     
         
         Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-202681 
       
    
     SUMMARY OF INVENTION 
     Technical Problem 
     The channel chip as described above is used with a pressing member for pressing the diaphragm of the valve. Specifically, when the channel chip is attached to a device having the pressing member, the pressing member is disposed at a position where the pressing member is capable of pressing the valve of the channel chip. Introduction of a fluid into the channel chip is performed in a state in which the valve is closed by the pressing member after the channel chip is attached to the device. 
     Here, it is assumed that a situation occurs in which it is desired that a fluid such as a reagent be introduced into the channel chip in advance and be retained before the channel chip is attached to the device having the pressing member. However, as described above, the valve is closed by the pressing member. Thus, the fluid flows into an unintended channel when the fluid is introduced into the channel chip before the channel chip is attached to the device. 
     An object of the present invention is to provide a fluid handling device capable of appropriately retaining a fluid even when the fluid is introduced in advance. Another object of the present invention is to provide a fluid handling system including the fluid handling device. 
     Solution to Problem 
     The present invention provides the following fluid handling device. 
     A fluid handling device including: a channel chip including a well for containing a fluid, a channel connected to the well, a valve disposed on the channel, and a through hole; and a pressing member including a first protrusion and a second protrusion, the first protrusion being for pressing the valve to close the valve, the second protrusion being inserted into the through hole and being for positioning the first protrusion with respect to the valve, the pressing member being rotatable about a rotational axis extending through the second protrusion. 
     The present invention provides the following fluid handling system. 
     A fluid handling system including: a fluid handling device described above; and a drive section for rotating the pressing member. 
     Advantageous Effects of Invention 
     According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a fluid handling device capable of appropriately retaining a fluid even if a fluid is introduced in advance. Also, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a fluid handling system including the fluid handling device. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    is a schematic sectional view illustrating a configuration of a fluid handling system according to an embodiment; 
         FIGS.  2 A to  2 C  are diagrams illustrating a configuration of the fluid handling device according to the embodiment; 
         FIG.  3    is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the fluid handling device according to the embodiment; 
         FIGS.  4 A to  4 D  are diagrams illustrating a configuration of a pressing member, 
         FIGS.  5 A and  5 B  are sectional views illustrating one example of a valve; 
         FIGS.  6 A and  6 B  are sectional views illustrating of one example of the valve; 
         FIGS.  7 A and  7 B  are diagrams illustrating a configuration of a valve drive section; 
         FIGS.  8 A and  8 B  illustrate a configuration of a pump drive section; 
         FIGS.  9 A and  9 B  are diagrams illustrating introduction of a fluid into the fluid handling device performed in advance; and 
         FIGS.  10 A to  10 C  are diagrams illustrating a configuration of a fluid handling device according to a variation. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     Embodiments 
     (Fluid Handling System) 
       FIG.  1    illustrates a sectional view of fluid handling system  300  according to one embodiment of the present invention. As illustrated in  FIG.  1   , fluid handling system  300  includes fluid handling device  200 , valve drive section  310 , and pump drive section  320 . Fluid handling device  200  is driven by rotating valve drive section  310  and rotating pump drive section  320 . Specifically, valve drive section  310  rotates pressing member  220  of fluid handling device  200  by a rotational motion to control the opening and closing of valves of channel chip  210 . Similarly, pump drive section  320  drives pump  230  of channel chip  210  by a rotational motion. 
     In  FIG.  1   , for clarity of the configuration of fluid handling system  300 , fluid handling device  200  spaced from valve drive section  310  and pump drive section  320  is illustrated. 
     (Configuration of Fluid Handling Device) 
       FIG.  2 A  is a perspective view of fluid handling device  200  of the present embodiment.  FIG.  2 B  is a bottom view of fluid handling device  200  according to the present embodiment.  FIG.  2 C  is a cross-sectional view taken along C-C line in  FIG.  2 B .  FIG.  3    is a bottom view of fluid handling device  200  from which pressing member  220  is removed. That is,  FIG.  3    is a bottom view of channel chip  210 . In  FIG.  3   , the internal structure and the front-side structure of fluid handling device  200  are indicated by broken lines.  FIGS.  4 A to  4 D  are views illustrating pressing member  220 . 
     Fluid handling device  200  includes channel chip  210  and pressing member  220  (see  FIGS.  2 A to  2 C ). 
     Channel chip  210  includes wells  211 , channels  212 , valves  213 , through hole  214 , and pump  230  (see  FIG.  3   ). Pressing member  220  includes first protrusion  221  and second protrusion  222  (see  FIGS.  4 A to  4 D ). Further, pressing member  220  may include third protrusion  223  (see  FIG.  4 D ). 
     In the present embodiment, wells  211  are formed by bonding film  216  to substrate  215  so as to close holes and grooves formed in substrate  215 . Channels  212  are formed by bonding film  216  to substrate  215  so as to close grooves formed in substrate  215 . In addition, pump  230  is formed by bonding, to substrate  215 , film  216  formed in a dome-shape (convex shape) with respect to substrate  215  (see  FIGS.  1 ,  2 A,  2 B, and  2 C ). Hereinafter, each component will be described. 
     Substrate  215  is a plate-shaped member. Holes serving as wells  211  and grooves for serving as channels  212  are formed in substrate  215 . 
     The material contained in substrate  215  may be appropriately selected from, for example, known resins and glasses. Examples of materials included in substrate  215  include polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyether, polyethylene, polystyrene, cycloolefin-based resins, silicone resins, and elastomers. The size and thickness of substrate  215  are appropriately selected in accordance with the application of fluid handling device  200 , the depth and width of the grooves in substrate  215 , and the like. The thickness of substrate  215  is, for example, between 1 mm and 10 mm. 
     Film  216  is a substantially flat plate-shaped member. In the present embodiment, film  216  functions not only as a member covering the grooves and holes in substrate  215 , but also as a diaphragm of valves  213  and a diaphragm of pump  230 . Therefore, film  216  is made of a flexible material. Note that, portions of film  216  functioning as the diaphragms may have a flat plate shape or a dome shape (convex shape). In the present embodiment, the diaphragms have a dome shape (convex shape). 
     Examples of materials included in film  216  include polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyether, polyethylene, polystyrene, cycloolefin-based resins, silicone resins, and elastomers. 
     Wells  211  are capable of containing a liquid. Each of wells  211  functions as an introduction portion for introducing a fluid into channel  212  in fluid handling device  200 , an extraction portion for extracting the fluid in channel  212  in fluid handling device  200 , a treatment portion for mixing or reacting a fluid, a vent hole used during movement of a fluid in channel  212  in fluid handling device  200 , or the like. 
     Well  211  is a bottomed recess having an opening on the front side of channel chip  210 . Well  211  is formed by a hole formed in substrate  215  and film  216  that closes the hole. The shape and size of well  211  are not particularly limited as long as the above functions can be exhibited. The shape of the internal space of well  211  is, for example, a substantially frusto-conical shape or a substantially cylindrical shape. In the present embodiment, the shape of the internal space of well  211  is a frusto-conical shape. In the present embodiment, an outer wall surrounding the inner space of well  211  protrudes from the surface of substrate  215  on the front side of fluid handling device  200 . The number of wells  211  is not particularly limited and is appropriately selected depending on the application of fluid handling device  200 . In the present embodiment, a plurality of wells  211  are provided. 
     Channels  212  are connected to wells  211 . Channels  212  serve as paths for fluid from wells  211  or for fluid to wells  211 . Channels  212  are formed by grooves formed in substrate  215  and film  216  that covers the grooves. 
     In the present embodiment, channels  212  include channel  212  extending in a circular arc shape, a plurality of channels  212  extending radially from the circular-arc-shaped channel toward wells  211 , and one channel  212  extending from the circular-arc-shaped channel toward pump  230  (see  FIG.  3   ). One ends of channels  212  are connected to the wells, and the other ends are connected to pump (rotary membrane pump)  230  (see  FIG.  3   ). 
     The cross-sectional area and the cross-sectional shape of channel  212  are not particularly limited. The cross-sectional shape of channel  212  is, for example, a substantially rectangular shape with sides having lengths (width and depth) of about several tens of μm. The cross section of channel  212  means a cross section of the channel orthogonal to the direction in which the fluid flows. Valves  213  for controlling the flow of the fluid are disposed on channels  212 . 
     Valves  213  are disposed on channels  212  to control the flow of fluid. In the present embodiment, a plurality of valves  213  are disposed (at connecting portions) between radially extending channels  212  and channel  212  extending in a circular arc shape. 
     The configuration of valves  213  is not particularly limited as long as the flow of the fluid can be controlled by the valves being pressed by first protrusion  221  of pressing member  220 . In the present embodiment, each of valves  213  includes a valve seat and a diaphragm (a part of film  216 ). At valve  213 , the diaphragm makes contact with the valve seat to close the valve. Movement of the diaphragm to the valve seat is caused by first protrusion  221  of pressing member  220 . 
     It is preferable that a plurality of valves  213  be disposed on a circle centered on through hole  214  (see  FIG.  3   ). When valves  213  are disposed in this manner, it is possible to close a desired valve by rotating pressing member  220  about through hole  214 . That is, it is preferable that valves  213  be a rotary membrane valve controlled by the rotation of pressing member  220 . 
       FIGS.  5 A and  5 B  are schematic diagrams illustrating a section of one example of valve  213 .  FIGS.  5 A and  5 B  are sectional views of valve  213  along a direction in which fluid  10  flows. Valve  213  illustrated in  FIGS.  5 A and  5 B  includes protruding valve seat  213   a  protruding from the bottom portion of channel  212 . The height of valve seat  213   a  is the same as the height of the front surface of substrate  215 . Further, this valve  213  includes diaphragm  213   b  (a part of film  216 ) formed in a dome-like shape (convex shape) so as to face protruding valve seat  213   a . Dome-shaped diaphragm  213   b  is pressed by first protrusion  221  of pressing member  220 . Accordingly, diaphragm  213   b  makes contact with valve seat  213   a  and valve  213  closes, preventing the flow of fluid  10  (see  FIG.  5 B ). 
       FIGS.  6 A and  6 B  are schematic views illustrating sections of another example of the valve.  FIGS.  6 A and  6 B  are sectional views of the valve along the direction in which fluid  10  flows. Valve  213  illustrated in  FIGS.  6 A and  6 B  includes protruding valve seat  213   a  protruding from the bottom portion of channel  212 . This valve seat  213   a  is relatively lower in height than valve seat  213   a  illustrated in  FIGS.  5 A and  5 B . Specifically, the height of valve seat  213   a  illustrated in  FIGS.  6 A and  6 B  is lower than the height of the front surface of substrate  215 . Correspondingly, diaphragm  213   b  (part of film  216 ) facing valve seat  213   a  is flat. Flat diaphragm  213   b  is pressed by first protrusion  221  of pressing member  220 . As a result, diaphragm  213   b  makes contact with valve seat  213   a  and valve  213  closes, preventing the flow of fluid  10  (see  FIG.  6 B ). 
     Through hole  214  is a hole that is disposed in channel chip  210  and into which second protrusion  222  of pressing member  220  is inserted (see  FIG.  3   ). In the present embodiment, through hole  214  is disposed at the center of the plurality of valves  213  disposed on a circle. In addition, in the present embodiment, through hole  214  has a cylindrical shape. When second protrusion  222  of pressing member  220  is inserted into through hole  214 , the first protrusion of pressing member  220  is positioned with respect to valves  213 . In addition, through hole  214  serves as a center of rotation of pressing member  220 . By the rotation of pressing member  220  around through hole  214  (second protrusion  222 ), it is possible to open and close valves  213 . 
       FIGS.  4 A to  4 C  are diagrams illustrating pressing member  220 .  FIG.  4 A  is a perspective view,  FIG.  4 B  is a plan view, and  FIG.  4 C  is a side view of pressing member  220 .  FIG.  4 D  is a plan view of pressing member  220  which includes third protrusion  223 . 
     As illustrated in  4 A to  4 C, pressing member  220  includes first protrusion  221  and second protrusion  222 . 
     First protrusion  221  is for closing the valves. The configuration of first protrusion  221  is not particularly limited as long as the valves can be closed. In the present embodiment, first protrusion  221  has a circular shape (circular arc shape), which as seen in plan view, includes a cutout. In the present embodiment, the circle is a circle centered on second protrusion  222 . When the cutout portion of the circle is at valve  213 , valve  213  is in an open state, and when a portion other than the cutout (first protrusion  221 ) is at valves  213 , valve  213  is in a closed state. 
     Second protrusion  222  is inserted into through hole  214  in channel chip  210 , and positions first protrusion  221  with respect to valves  213 . The configuration of second protrusion  222  is not particularly limited as long as it can perform the above-described functions. In the present embodiment, when pressing member  220  is seen in plan view, second protrusion  222  is disposed at the center of pressing member  220 . In addition, in the present embodiment, second protrusion  222  has a cylindrical shape. It is preferable that second protrusion  222  have a structure for preventing pressing member  220  from being detached from channel chip  210 . Specifically, it is preferable that second protrusion  222  have first engagement portion  224  that is engageable with channel chip  210  when the second protrusion is inserted into through hole  214 . In the present embodiment, second protrusion  222  includes snap-fit structure  224   a  at its tip end as first engagement portion  224  as illustrated in  FIGS.  4 A and  4 C . Snap-fit structure  224   a  fixes pressing member  220  with respect to channel chip  210  such that the pressing member is rotatable. In the present embodiment, snap-fit structure  224   a  includes two structures, each of which includes leaf spring  224   b  and hook  224   c  disposed at the tip end of leaf spring  224   b , as illustrated in  FIG.  4 A . Two leaf springs  224   b  are formed by forming a cutout in a flat plate shape in the tip end of second protrusion  222 . Two hooks  224   c  at the tip ends of two leaf springs  224   b  are disposed to face away from each other (disposed to face outward from the center of second protrusion  222 ). Note that snap-fit structure  224   a  presses channel chip  210  toward the first protrusion  221  side of the pressing member when the snap-fit structure is engaged with channel chip  210 . That is, snap-fit structure  224   a  also serves as a spring mechanism for causing the pressing member (first protrusion  221 ) to push the valves of channel chip  210 . 
     Pressing member  220  may include third protrusion  223 .  FIG.  4 D  is a plan view of pressing member  220  including third protrusion  223 . Third protrusion  223  is disposed between first protrusion  221  and second protrusion  222 . Third protrusion  223  has any configuration. Third protrusion  223  prevents channel chip  210  from bending when first protrusion  221  presses the valves. 
     Specifically, when pressing member  220  is fixed to channel chip  210  by second protrusion  222 , channel chip  210  is bent by being pressed by circular-arc-shaped first protrusion  221 . At this time, a portion of channel chip  210  which is pressed by first protrusion  221  moves in a direction away from pressing member  220  relatively, and a portion of channel chip  210  around second protrusion  222  moves in a direction approaching pressing member  220  relatively. Third protrusion  223  is disposed between first protrusion  221  and second protrusion  222 , and suppresses movement of the portion of channel chip  210  around second protrusion  222  in the direction relatively approaching pressing member  220 , thereby suppressing deflection of channel chip  210 . 
     The configuration of third protrusion  223  is not particularly limited as long as this function can be exerted. It is preferable that the height of third protrusion  223  be substantially the same as or slightly lower than the height of first protrusion  221  so as to be able to exert the above-described function by making contact with channel chip  210  bent by being pressed by first protrusion  221 . 
     It is preferable that pressing member  220  have second engagement portion  225  for being engaged with valve drive section  310 , which will be described later, as illustrated in  FIGS.  2 B and  4 C . Second engagement portion  225  is disposed on the rear surface of pressing member  220 . In the present embodiment, second engagement portion  225  is a protrusion, and there are two protrusions. The protrusions are engaged by being inserted into recessed portions in valve drive section  310 . 
     Pump  230  is for moving fluid  10  introduced into fluid handling device  200 . Pump  230  includes substrate  215  and film (diaphragm)  216  formed in a dome shape (convex shape) with respect to substrate  215 . In the present embodiment, pump  230  as seen in plan view has a circular arc shape, and pump  230  is a rotary membrane pump. Pump  230  is driven by pump drive section  320  rotating about second central axis CA 2 . Specifically, pump  230  is driven by rotation performed by the protrusion disposed on the top portion of pump drive section  320  while pressing the diaphragm of pump  230  toward substrate  215 . One end of pump  230  is connected to channel  212  for a flow toward valves  213 , and the other end is connected to channel  212  for a flow toward well  211 . Well  211  in communication with pump  230  via channel  212  functions as an exhaust hole or an intake hole when pump  230  is driven (see  FIG.  3   ). 
       FIGS.  7 A and  7 B  illustrate valve drive section  310  for rotating pressing member  220 .  FIG.  7 A  is a plan view of valve drive section  310 , and  FIG.  7 B  is a sectional view taken along B-B line in  FIG.  7 A . Valve drive section  310  rotates about first rotational axis CA 1 . When valve drive section  310  rotates, pressing member  220  rotates, and valves  213  are opened and closed. It is preferable that valve drive section  310  have third engagement portions  311  that are engaged with second engagement portions  225  of pressing member  220 . In the present embodiment, third engagement portions  311  are recessed portions disposed in the top portion of valve drive section  310 . By inserting (engaging) the protrusions (the second engagement portions) of pressing member  220  into the recessed portions (the third engagement portions), pressing member  220  and valve drive section  310  are fixed to each other. Valve drive section  310  is a substantially cylindrical member. 
       FIGS.  8 A and  8 B  illustrates pump drive section  320  for driving the pump.  FIG.  8 A  is a plan view of pump drive section  320 , and  FIG.  8 B  is a sectional view taken along line B-B in  FIG.  8 A . Pump drive section  320  rotates about second rotational axis CA 2 . 
     Pump pressing protrusion  321  for pressing pump  230  is disposed on a top portion of pump drive section  320 . In the present embodiment, the shape of pump pressing protrusion  321  is linear protrusions extending from second rotation center CA 2  toward the outer circumference of the pump drive section which is circular in plan view. 
     When pump drive section  320  rotates, pump pressing protrusion  321  drives the pump. Pump drive section  320  is a substantially cylindrical member. 
     (Introduction of Fluid) 
     Introduction of a fluid into fluid handling device  200  in advance will be described with reference to  FIGS.  9 A and  9 B . 
       FIG.  9 A  is a schematic view illustrating a state in which first protrusion  221  of pressing member  220  is aligned with valves  213  of channel chip  210  and valves  213  are closed. To achieve this state, it is only necessary that second protrusion  222  of pressing member  220  be inserted into through hole  214  in channel chip  210 , and first protrusion  221  be positioned to valves  213 . 
       FIG.  9 B  is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which fluid  10  is introduced from wells  211  in the state illustrated in  FIG.  9 A . Since valves  213  are closed, fluid  10  does not flow into channels  212  located downstream from valves  213 . In this way, fluid handling device  200  is capable of retaining fluid  10 . In addition, fluid handling device  200  in which fluid  10  is retained in advance may be attached to a device having the drive sections. 
     (Effect) 
     As described above, in the fluid handling device according to the present embodiment, the fluid can be appropriately retained in the channel chip in advance before the channel chip is attached to the device including the drive sections. 
     [Variation] 
       FIGS.  10 A,  10 B, and  10 C  illustrate fluid handling devices according to Variations 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The fluid handling devices according to the variations include a spring mechanism for allowing the pressing member (first protrusion  221 ) to more reliably push the valves of the channel chip. Note that, each of  FIGS.  10 A,  10 B, and  10 C  illustrates a state in which a portion of first protrusion  221  on the right side is located in a plane of the page and presses the valve located in the plane of the page, while a portion of first protrusion  221  on the left side is located on the farther side from the plane of the page and does not press the valve located on the plane of the page. In  FIGS.  10 A and  10 B , the pressing member in which first protrusion  221  of pressing member  220  illustrated in  FIG.  4 B  is rotated by 90° is used. 
     (Variation 1) 
     As illustrated in  FIG.  10 A , fluid handling device  400  according to Variation 1 includes spring mechanism  417  in which channel chip  410  is engaged with first engagement portion  224  of pressing member  220  and presses channel chip  410  against pressing member  220  (the fluid handling device includes spring mechanism  417  for pressing the valves of channel chip  410  against first protrusion  221  of the pressing member). 
     Spring mechanism  417  is configured such that a downward force (a force toward pressing member  220 ) is applied by first engagement portion  224  when the spring mechanism is engaged with first engagement portion  224 . Spring mechanism  417  to which the force is applied deforms to press channel chip  410  against pressing member  220 . This allows pressing member  220  (first protrusion  221 ) to more reliably push the valves of channel chip  410 . 
     In Variation 1 illustrated in  FIG.  10 A , spring mechanism  417  has the following configuration when viewed in a section including the central axis of second protrusion  222 . That is, spring mechanism  417  includes a portion extending toward second protrusion  222  and extending parallel to the front surface at the front surface side of channel chip  410 , a curved portion (U-shaped portion) curving to extend from the front surface side toward the back surface side and then from the back surface side toward the front surface side, and a contact portion extending parallel to the front surface and making contact with first engagement portion  224 . 
     The number and aspect of the curved portions may be appropriately set in accordance with the desired elasticity of spring mechanism  417 . For example, the number of portions extending from the front surface side to the back surface side and the number of portions extending from the back surface side to the front surface side may be set as appropriate in accordance with the desired elasticity of spring mechanism  417 . Further, spring mechanism  417  may include a curved portion (inverted U-shaped portion) that curves from the back surface side toward the front surface side and then from the front surface side toward the back surface side. In the present embodiment, one portion extending from the front surface side toward the back surface side and one portion extending from the back surface side toward the front surface side are provided. Thus, spring mechanism  417  includes one curved portion (U-shaped portion). 
     In addition, the portion making contact with first engagement portion  224  may be appropriately configured in relation to first engagement portion  224  so as to receive a downward force (a force toward the pressing member  220  side) from first engagement portion  224  during contact (engagement) (see the arrows in  FIG.  10 A ). In the present embodiment, first engagement portion  224  including snap-fit structure  224   a  is inserted into through hole  214 , and hook  224   c  of snap-fit structure  224   a  makes contact with (is engaged with) the contact portion. At this time, the contact portion is configured to receive a downward force. In this way, the combination of snap-fit structure  224   a , which can serve as a spring mechanism, and spring mechanism  417  ensures that first protrusion  221  of the pressing member pushes the valves of channel chip  410 . 
     The thickness of spring mechanism  417  may be appropriately set as long as a spring function can be exerted. In the present embodiment, the thickness of spring mechanism  417  as seen in a section is less than the thickness of substrate  515  of channel chip  510  (the length from a bonding surface of the substrate bonded to the film to the surface of the substrate on which none of the wells and the like are disposed). 
     Spring mechanism  417  as seen in plan view only has to be disposed to surround at least a portion of second protrusion  222  so as to be engageable with at least the portion of first engagement portion  224 . In the present embodiment, spring mechanism  417  is disposed to surround the entire circumference of second protrusion  222 . That is, in the present embodiment, the shape of spring mechanism  417  as seen in plan view is annular. Note that, the portion surrounded by annular spring mechanism  417  is above-described through hole  214 . Further, spring mechanism  417 , which is annular when seen in plan view, may include one or more slits. The slits may extend radially from the center of the annular ring, for example. 
     Further, in the present embodiment, in plan view, one groove formed by the one curved portion (U-shaped portion) is disposed to surround second protrusion  222 . That is, in plan view, the groove formed by the curved portion (U-shaped portion) is annular. 
     The material of spring mechanism  417  is not particularly limited as long as it has elasticity. It is preferable that the material be the same as that of substrate  415 . That is, it is preferable that spring mechanism  417  be integrally formed with substrate  415 . 
     (Variation 2) 
       FIG.  10 B  illustrates fluid handling device  500  according to Variation 2. Fluid handling device  500  according to Variation 2 includes spring mechanism  517 , and spring mechanism  517  is different in shape from spring mechanism  417  according to Variation 1. The functions exerted by spring mechanism  517  are, as in spring mechanism  417  described above, application of a force, deformation, and pressing channel chip  510  against pressing member  220 . (This means that the valves of channel chip  510  are pressed against first protrusion  221  of the pressing member.) 
     As illustrated in  FIG.  10 B , spring mechanism  517  has the following configuration when seen in a section including the central axis of second protrusion  222 . That is, spring mechanism  517  includes a portion extending parallel to the front surface at the front surface side of channel chip  210  and, at the end of such a portion, a contact portion making contact with first engagement portion  224 . 
     The portion making contact with first engagement portion  224  may be appropriately configured in relation to first engagement portion  224  to receive a downward force (a force toward pressing member  220 ) from first engagement portion  224  when making contact with (being engaged with) the first engagement portion. (See arrows in  FIG.  10 B ). In the present embodiment, first engagement portion  224  including snap-fit structure  224   a  is inserted into through hole  214 , and hook  224   c  of snap-fit structure  224   a  makes contact with (is engaged with) the contact portion. At this time, the contact portion is configured to receive a downward force. In this way, the combination of snap-fit structure  224   a , which can serve as a spring mechanism, and spring mechanism  517  ensures that first protrusion  221  of the pressing member pushes the valves of channel chip  510 . 
     The thickness of spring mechanism  517  may be appropriately set as long as a spring function can be exerted. In the present embodiment, the thickness of spring mechanism  517  as seen in a section is less than the thickness of substrate  515  of channel chip  510  (the length from a bonding surface of the substrate bonded to the film to the surface of the substrate on which none of the wells and the like are disposed). 
     Spring mechanism  517  as seen in plan view only has to be disposed to surround at least a portion of second protrusion  222  so as to be engageable with at least the portion of first engagement portion  224 . In the present embodiment, spring mechanism  517  is disposed to surround the entire circumference of second protrusion  222 . That is, in the present embodiment, the shape of spring mechanism  517  as seen in plan view is annular. 
     Note that, the portion surrounded by annular spring mechanism  517  is above-described through hole  214 . Further, spring mechanism  517 , which is annular when seen in plan view, may include one or more slits. The slits may extend radially from the center of the annular ring, for example. 
     The material of spring mechanism  517  is not particularly limited as long as it has elasticity. It is preferable that the material be the same as that of substrate  515 . That is, spring mechanism  517  is preferably integrally formed with substrate  215 . 
     (Variation 3) 
     In fluid handling device  600  according to Variation 3 illustrated in  FIG.  10 C , first engagement portion  624  of pressing member  620  includes spring mechanism  617  for pressing channel chip  610  against pressing member  620 . (Spring mechanism  617  is provided to press the valves of channel chip  610  against first protrusion  221  of the pressing member). 
     Spring mechanism  617  has a curved shape (inverted U-shape) that curves to extend from the back surface side of channel chip  610  through through hole  614  so as to protrude from the front surface side of channel chip  610 , and then extends toward the front surface of channel chip  610 . The end of the portion extending toward the front surface is a contact portion that makes contact with the front surface of channel chip  610 . The contact portion applies a downward force to channel chip  610  to press channel chip  610  against pressing member  620 . The curved shape may be appropriately configured so as to exert this function. Note that, in the embodiment illustrated in  FIG.  10 C , the portion extending toward the front surface is substantially vertical, but the portion may be inclined so as to approach the front surface with increasing distance from the center of second protrusion  622 . Further, it is preferable that spring mechanism  617  be configured to be capable of passing through through hole  614  when channel chip  610  and pressing member  620  are combined together. In addition, when spring mechanism  617  is seen in a section, there is one spring mechanism on each of the left and right sides of the center of second protrusion  622 . As described above, fluid handling device  600  according to Variation 3 includes spring mechanism  617 . Accordingly, fluid handling device  600  makes it possible to further ensure that first protrusion  221  of the pressing member pushes the valves of channel chip  610  without having snap-fit structure  224   a  capable of serving as a spring mechanism that the above-described embodiments include. 
     The thickness of spring mechanism  617  may be appropriately set as long as a spring function can be exerted. In the present embodiment, the thickness of spring mechanism  617  as seen in a section is smaller than the thickness of pressing member  620 . 
     Further, spring mechanism  617  as seen in plan view is rectangular. 
     The material of spring mechanism  617  is not particularly limited as long as it has elasticity. It is preferable that the material be the same as that of pressing member  620 . That is, it is preferable that spring mechanism  617  be integrally formed with pressing member  620 . 
     INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY 
     The fluid handling device according to the present embodiment and the fluid handling system using the same are useful in various applications such as clinical tests, food tests, and environmental tests, for example. 
     REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 
     
         
           10  Fluid 
           200 ,  400 ,  500 ,  600  Fluid handling device 
           210 ,  410 ,  510 ,  610  Channel chip 
           211  Well 
           212  Channel 
           213  Valve 
           213   a  Valve seat 
           213   b  Diaphragm 
           214 ,  614  Through hole 
           215 ,  415 ,  515 ,  615  Substrate 
           216  Film 
           220 ,  620  Pressing member 
           221  First protrusion 
           222 ,  622  Second protrusion 
           223  Third protrusion 
           224 ,  624  First engagement portion 
           224   a  Snap-fit structure 
           224   b  Leaf spring 
           224   c  Hook 
           225  Second engagement portion 
           230  Pump 
           300  Fluid handling system 
           310  Valve drive section 
           311  Third engagement portion 
           320  Pump drive section 
           321  Pump pressing protrusion 
           417 ,  517 ,  617  Spring mechanism