Patent Publication Number: US-9832992-B1

Title: Microbicidal composition

Description:
This invention relates to microbicidal compositions containing 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol (BNPD), tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione (DAZOMET) or BIOBAN P-1487 (ca. 81:5 mixture of 4-(2-nitrobutyl)morpholine and 4,4′-(2-ethyl-2-nitrotrimethylene)dimorpholine, respectively) and a surfactant. 
     A composition containing 5-chloro-2-methylisothiazolin-3-one, 2-methylisothiazolin-3-one and a nonionic dispersant is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,295,932. The composition contains a 3:1 mixture of 5-chloro-2-methylisothiazolin-3-one and 2-methylisothiazolin-3-one, and a copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide which appears to have the same composition as PLURONIC L61 or TERGITOL L61 dispersant. However, there is a need for combinations of microbicides having synergistic activity against various strains of microorganisms to provide effective control of the microorganisms. Moreover, there is a need for such combinations containing lower levels of individual microbicides for environmental and economic benefit. The problem addressed by this invention is to provide such synergistic combinations of microbicides. 
     STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention is directed to a synergistic microbicidal composition comprising: (a) a nonionic surfactant with structure:
 
R 2 O(CH 2 CH(CH 3 )O) 3 (CH 2 CH 2 O) 5 H
 
where R 2  is a mixture of C 8 -C 14  linear alkyl groups; and (b) 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol; wherein a weight ratio of said nonionic surfactant to 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol is from 1:0.08 to 1:0.12 or 1:0.2 to 1:1.8286.
 
     The present invention is further directed to a synergistic microbicidal composition comprising: (a) a nonionic surfactant with structure:
 
R 2 O(CH 2 CH(CH 3 )O) 3 (CH 2 CH 2 O) 5 H
 
where R 2  is a mixture of C 8 -C 14  linear alkyl groups; and (b) tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione; wherein a weight ratio of said nonionic surfactant to tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione is from 1:0.0024 to 1:0.4571.
 
     The present invention is further directed to a synergistic microbicidal composition comprising: (a) a nonionic surfactant with structure:
 
R 1 O(CH 2 CH(CH 3 )O) 5 (CH 2 CH 2 O) 9 H
 
where R 1  is a C 8  alkyl group; and (b) a mixture of 4-(2-nitrobutyl)morpholine and 4,4′-(2-ethyl-2-nitrotrimethylene)dimorpholine in a weight ratio of 81:5; wherein a weight ratio of said nonionic surfactant to said mixture is from 1:0.0006 to 1:0.2743.
 
     The present invention is further directed to methods for inhibiting the growth of microorganisms in aqueous media by adding to an aqueous medium a nonionic surfactant as described herein and 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione or a ca. 81:5 mixture of 4-(2-nitrobutyl)morpholine and 4,4′-(2-ethyl-2-nitrotrimethylene)dimorpholine in the ratios described herein. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     “BNPD” is 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, “DAZOMET” has as an active ingredient tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione (CAS No. 533-74-4) and “BIOBAN P-1487” is an approximately 81:5 (weight) mixture of 4-(2-nitrobutyl)morpholine and 4,4′-(2-ethyl-2-nitrotrimethylene)dimorpholine. As used herein, the following terms have the designated definitions, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term “microbicide” refers to a compound capable of inhibiting the growth of or controlling the growth of microorganisms; microbicides include bactericides, fungicides and algaecides. The term “microorganism” includes, for example, fungi (such as yeast and mold), bacteria and algae. The following abbreviations are used throughout the specification: ppm=parts per million by weight (weight/weight), mL=milliliter. Unless otherwise specified, temperatures are in degrees centigrade (° C.), references to percentages are percentages by weight (wt %) and amounts and ratios are on an active ingredient basis, i.e., total weight of BNPD, DAZOMET or BIOBAN P-1487 active ingredients and the nonionic surfactant. Numbers of polymerized units of propylene oxide or ethylene oxide are number averages. 
     Preferably, the weight ratio of the nonionic surfactant with structure:
 
R 2 O(CH 2 CH(CH 3 )O) 3 (CH 2 CH 2 O) 5 H
 
where R 2  is a mixture of C 8 -C 14  linear alkyl groups to BNPD is from 1:0.2286 to 1:1.18286.
 
     The present invention is further directed to a method for inhibiting the growth of mold, preferably  C. albicans , in an aqueous medium by adding: (a) a nonionic surfactant with structure:
 
R 2 O(CH 2 CH(CH 3 )O) 3 (CH 2 CH 2 O) 5 H
 
where R 2  is a mixture of C 8 -C 14  linear alkyl groups; and (b) BNPD; wherein a weight ratio of said nonionic surfactant to BNPD is from 1:0.08 to 1:0.12 or 1:0.2 to 1:1.8286, preferably from 1:0.2286 to 1:1.18286.
 
     Preferably, the weight ratio of the nonionic surfactant with structure:
 
R 2 O(CH 2 CH(CH 3 )O) 3 (CH 2 CH 2 O) 5 H
 
where R 2  is a mixture of C 8 -C 14  linear alkyl groups to DAZOMET is from 1:0.0114 to 1:0.4571.
 
     The present invention is further directed to a method for inhibiting the growth of  S. aureus , in an aqueous medium by adding: (a) a nonionic surfactant with structure:
 
R 2 O(CH 2 CH(CH 3 )O) 3 (CH 2 CH 2 O) 5 H
 
where R 2  is a mixture of C 8 -C 14  linear alkyl groups; and (b) DAZOMET; wherein a weight ratio of said nonionic surfactant to DAZOMET is from 1:0.0114 to 1:0.4571.
 
     Preferably, the weight ratio of the nonionic surfactant with structure:
 
R 1 O(CH 2 CH(CH 3 )O) 5 (CH 2 CH 2 O) 9 H
 
where R 1  is a C 8  alkyl group to BIOBAN P-1487 is from 1:0.0160 to 1:0.2743.
 
     The present invention is further directed to a method for inhibiting the growth of fungi, preferably  A. niger , in an aqueous medium by adding: (a) a nonionic surfactant with structure:
 
R 1 O(CH 2 CH(CH 3 )O) 5 (CH 2 CH 2 O) 9 H
 
where R 1  is a C 8  alkyl group to BIOBAN P-1487 is from 1:0.0160 to 1:0.2743.
 
     R 2  is a mixture of C 8 -C 14  linear alkyl groups. Preferably, the C 8 -C 14  linear alkyl groups comprise from 50 to 85 wt % C 8 -C 10  linear alkyl groups and 15 to 50 wt % C 12 -C 14  linear alkyl groups, preferably from 60 to 75 wt % C 8 -C 10  linear alkyl groups and 25 to 40 wt % C 12 -C 14  linear alkyl groups, preferably about 70 wt % C 8 -C 10  linear alkyl groups and about 30 wt % C 12 -C 14  linear alkyl groups. Preferably, the linear alkyl groups are derived from seed oil. Preferably, R 1  is 2-ethylhexyl. 
     Preferably, each of the compositions is substantially free of microbicides other than the nonionic surfactant and BNPD, DAZOMET or BIOBAN P-1487, i.e., it has less than 1 wt % of microbicides other than the nonionic surfactant and BNPD, DAZOMET or BIOBAN P-1487 based on total weight of active ingredients, preferably less than 0.5 wt %, preferably less than 0.2 wt %, preferably less than 0.1 wt %. Preferably, when the nonionic surfactant and BNPD, DAZOMET or BIOBAN P-1487 are added to an aqueous medium, the medium is substantially free of other microbicides, i.e., it has less than 1 wt % of microbicides other than the nonionic surfactant and BNPD, DAZOMET or BIOBAN P-1487 based on total weight of active ingredients, preferably less than 0.5 wt %, preferably less than 0.2 wt %, preferably less than 0.1 wt %. 
     The compositions of this invention may contain other ingredients, e.g., defoamers and emulsifiers. The microbicidal compositions of the present invention can be used to inhibit the growth of microorganisms or higher forms of aquatic life (such as protozoans, invertebrates, bryozoans, dinoflagellates, crustaceans, mollusks, etc) by introducing a microbicidally effective amount of the compositions into an aqueous medium subject to microbial attack. Suitable aqueous media are found in, for example: industrial process water; electrocoat deposition systems; cooling towers; air washers; gas scrubbers; mineral slurries; wastewater treatment; ornamental fountains; reverse osmosis filtration; ultrafiltration; ballast water; evaporative condensers; heat exchangers; pulp and paper processing fluids and additives; starch; plastics; emulsions; dispersions; paints; latices; coatings, such as varnishes; construction products, such as mastics, caulks, and sealants; construction adhesives, such as ceramic adhesives, carpet backing adhesives, and laminating adhesives; industrial or consumer adhesives; photographic chemicals; printing fluids; household products, such as bathroom and kitchen cleaners; cosmetics; toiletries; shampoos; soaps; personal care products such as wipes, lotions, sunscreen, conditioners, creams, and other leave-on applications; detergents; industrial cleaners; floor polishes; laundry rinse water; metalworking fluids; conveyor lubricants; hydraulic fluids; leather and leather products; textiles; textile products; wood and wood products, such as plywood, chipboard, flakeboard, laminated beams, oriented strandboard, hardboard, and particleboard; petroleum processing fluids; fuel; oilfield fluids, such as injection water, fracture fluids, and drilling muds; agriculture adjuvant preservation; surfactant preservation; medical devices; diagnostic reagent preservation; food preservation, such as plastic or paper food wrap; food, beverage, and industrial process pasteurizers; toilet bowls; recreational water; pools; and spas. 
     The specific amount of the microbicidal compositions of this invention necessary to inhibit or control the growth of microorganisms in an application will vary. Amounts of the compositions of the present invention are given on the basis of active ingredients (i.e., nonionic surfactant and BNPD, DAZOMET or BIOBAN P-1487). For BNPD/surfactant used in paper applications, preferably the concentration is 2 to 50 ppm, preferably 5 to 40 ppm. For BNPD/surfactant used in oil and gas drilling applications, preferably the concentration is 10 to 500 ppm, preferably 20 to 350 ppm. For BNPD/surfactant used in metalworking fluids, preferably the concentration is 150 to 2000 ppm, preferably 300 to 1500 ppm. For BIOBAN P-1487/surfactant used in metalworking fluids, preferably the concentration is 600 to 1800 ppm, preferably 800 to 1500 ppm. For BIOBAN P-1487/surfactant used in fuel applications, preferably the concentration is 300 to 4000 ppm, preferably 500 to 3000 ppm. Fuel applications include the preservation of hydrocarbons for fuel, e.g., bioethanol applications, diesel storage tank preservation and general fuel tank preservation. In a method of this invention, a composition is treated to inhibit microbial growth by adding, together or separately, the nonionic surfactant and BNPD, DAZOMET or BIOBAN P-1487, in amounts that would produce the concentrations indicated above. 
     EXAMPLES 
     Surfactants and biocides were evaluated for synergy by determining the synergy index (S.I.) of the combination. Synergy index was calculated based on minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of two antimicrobial compounds (A and B) alone and in combinations. The tests organisms were Gram negative bacteria ( Pseudomonas aeruginosa  ATCC #15442), Gram positive bacteria ( Staphylococcus aureus  ATCC #6538), yeast ( Candida albicans  ATCC#10203) and mold ( Aspergillus niger  ATCC#16404). Contact time for the bacteria was 24 and 48 hours, yeast was 48 and 72 hrs, and 3 and 7 days for mold. The test was carried out in 96 well microtiter plates. 
     Surf. A R 1 O(CH 2 CH(CH 3 )O) 5 (CH 2 CH 2 O) 9 H, where R 1  is 2-ethylhexyl 
     Surf. D R 2 O(CH 2 CH(CH 3 )O) 3 (CH 2 CH 2 O) 5 H 
     Surf. E R 2 O(CH 2 CH(CH 3 )O) 3 (CH 2 CH 2 O) 7 H 
     In Surf. D and Surf. E, R 2  is a mixture of C 8 -C 14  linear alkyl groups (70% C 8 -C 10  linear alkyl and 30% C 12 -C 14  linear alkyl) 
     
       
         
           
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Inoculums Used 
               
               
                 Inoculum Size of organisms (CFU/ml) 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Sur- 
                 
                   Staphylococcus 
                 
                 
                   Pseudomonas 
                 
                 
                   Aspergillus 
                 
                 
                   Candida 
                 
               
               
                 fac- 
                 
                   aureus 
                 
                 
                   aeruginosa 
                 
                 
                   niger 
                 
                 
                   albicans 
                 
               
               
                 tants 
                 ATCC# 6538 
                 ATCC # 15442 
                 ATCC# 16404 
                 ATCC#10203 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surf. 
                 1.156E+06 
                 8.134E+07 
                 1.156E+06 
                  1.156+06 
               
               
                 A 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Surf. 
                 1.808E+05 
                 1.156E+08 
                 1.156E+06 
                 5.726E+05 
               
               
                 D 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Surf. 
                 1.808E+06 
                 5.727E+07 
                 5.726E+05 
                 1.808E+06 
               
               
                 E 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 4 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Media Used 
               
               
                 Media Used for testing 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 
                   Staphylococcus 
                 
                 
                   Pseudomonas 
                 
                 
                   Aspergillus 
                 
                 
                   Candida 
                 
               
               
                 
                   aureus 
                 
                 
                   aeruginosa 
                 
                 
                   niger 
                 
                 
                   albicans 
                 
               
               
                 ATCC# 6538 
                 ATCC # 15442 
                 ATCC# 16404 
                 ATCC#10203 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 10% Tryptic soy 
                 10% Tryptic soy 
                 Potato dextrose 
                 Potato dextrose 
               
               
                 broth 
                 broth 
                 broth 
                 broth 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 The pH of the Triptic soy broth was 7.3 and the Potato dextrose broth was 5.1. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The test results for demonstration of synergy of the MIC combinations are shown in the tables below. Each table shows the results for combinations of two components against the microorganisms tested with incubation times; the end-point activity in ppm measured by the MIC for compound A alone (CA), for component B alone (CB), and the mixture (Ca) and (Cb); the calculated SI value; and the range of synergistic ratios for each combination tested. SI is calculated as follows:
 
 Ca/CA+Cb/CB =Synergy Index (“SI”)
 
     Wherein:
         CA=concentration of compound A in ppm, acting alone, which produced an end point (MIC of Compound A).   Ca=concentration of compound A in ppm, in the mixture, which produced an end point.   CB=concentration of compound B in ppm, acting alone, which produced an end point (MIC of Compound B).   Cb=concentration of compound B in ppm, in the mixture, which produced an end point.
 
When the sum of Ca/CA and Cb/CB is greater than one, antagonism is indicated. When the sum is equal to one, additivity is indicated, and when less than one, synergism is demonstrated.
       

     The ratio ranges at which BNPD, DAZOMET or BIOBAN P-1487 and the surfactants were tested are as summarized in the following tables: 
     
       
         
           
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                 BNPD with Surf. A 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 ATCC# 
                 From 
                 To 
                 Ratio Range 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   Staphylo - 
                 6538 
                 0.02:20,000 
                     100:218.75 
                 1:0.000001-1:0.45714 
               
               
                 
                   coccus 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 
                   aureus 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   Aspergil - 
                 16404 
                  0.2:20,000 
                 1,000:218.75 
                 1:0.00001-1:4.5714 
               
               
                 
                   lus niger 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 
                   Candida 
                 
                 10203 
                  0.2:20,000 
                 1,000:218.75 
                 1:0.00001-1:4.5714 
               
               
                 
                   albicans 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   Pseudo - 
                 15442 
                 0.02:20,000 
                     100:218.75 
                 1:0.000001-1:0.45714 
               
               
                   monas ae - 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 
                   ruginosa 
                 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                 BNPD with Surf. E 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 ATCC# 
                 From 
                 To 
                 Ratio Range 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   Staphylo - 
                 6538 
                 0.02:20,000 
                     100:218.75 
                 1:0.000001-1:0.45714 
               
               
                 
                   coccus 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 
                   aureus 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   Aspergil - 
                 16404 
                  0.2:20,000 
                 1,000:218.75 
                 1:0.00001-1:4.5714 
               
               
                 
                   lus niger 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 
                   Candida 
                 
                 10203 
                  0.2:20,000 
                 1,000:218.75 
                 1:0.00001-1:4.5714 
               
               
                 
                   albicans 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   Pseudo - 
                 15442 
                 0.02:20,000 
                     100:218.75 
                 1:0.000001-1:0.45714 
               
               
                   monas ae - 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 
                   ruginosa 
                 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                 BNPD with Surf. D 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 ATCC# 
                 From 
                 To 
                 Ratio Range 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   Staphylo - 
                 6538 
                 0.02:20,000 
                     100:218.75 
                 1:0.000001-1:0.45714 
               
               
                 
                   coccus 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 
                   aureus 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   Aspergil - 
                 16404 
                  0.2:20,000 
                 1,000:218.75 
                 1:0.00001-1:4.5714 
               
               
                 
                   lus niger 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 
                   Candida 
                 
                 10203 
                  0.2:20,000 
                 1,000:218.75 
                 1:0.00001-1:4.5714 
               
               
                 
                   albicans 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   Pseudo - 
                 15442 
                 0.02:20,000 
                     100:218.75 
                 1:0.000001-1:0.45714 
               
               
                   monas ae - 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 
                   ruginosa 
                 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                 BIOBAN P-1487 with Surf. A 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 ATCC # 
                 From 
                 To 
                 Ratio Range 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 
                   Staphylococcus 
                 
                 6538 
                 0.002:20,000  
                  10: 
                 1:0.0000001- 
               
               
                 
                   aureus 
                 
                   
                   
                 218.75 
                 1:0.0457143 
               
               
                 
                   Aspergillus 
                 
                 16404 
                 0.02:20,000 
                 100: 
                 1:0.000001- 
               
               
                 
                   niger 
                 
                   
                   
                 218.75 
                 1:0.45714 
               
               
                 
                   Candida 
                 
                 10203 
                 0.02:20,000 
                 100: 
                 1:0.000001- 
               
               
                 
                   albicans 
                 
                   
                   
                 218.75 
                 1:0.45714 
               
               
                 
                   Pseudomonas 
                 
                 15442 
                 0.02:20,000 
                 100: 
                 1:0.000001- 
               
               
                 
                   aeruginosa 
                 
                   
                   
                 218.75 
                 1:0.45714 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                 BIOBAN P-1487 with Surf. E 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 ATCC # 
                 From 
                 To 
                 Ratio Range 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 
                   Staphylococcus 
                 
                 6538 
                 0.02:20,000 
                 100:218.75 
                 1:0.000001- 
               
               
                 
                   aureus 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                 1:0.45714 
               
               
                 
                   Aspergillus 
                 
                 16404 
                 0.02:20,000 
                 100:218.75 
                 1:0.000001- 
               
               
                 
                   niger 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                 1:0.45714 
               
               
                 
                   Candida 
                 
                 10203 
                 0.02:20,000 
                 100:218.75 
                 1:0.000001- 
               
               
                 
                   albicans 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                 1:0.45714 
               
               
                 
                   Pseudomonas 
                 
                 15442 
                 0.02:20,000 
                 100:218.75 
                 1:0.000001- 
               
               
                 
                   aeruginosa 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                 1:0.45714 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                 BIOBAN P-1487 with Surf. D 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 ATCC # 
                 From 
                 To 
                 Ratio Range 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 
                   Staphylococcus 
                 
                 6538 
                 0.02:20,000 
                     100:218.75 
                 1:0.000001- 
               
               
                 
                   aureus 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                 1:0.45714 
               
               
                 
                   Aspergillus 
                 
                 16404 
                  0.2:20,000 
                 1,000:218.75 
                 1:0.00001- 
               
               
                 
                   niger 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                 1:4.5714 
               
               
                 
                   Candida 
                 
                 10203 
                 0.02:20,000 
                     100:218.75 
                 1:0.000001- 
               
               
                 
                   albicans 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                 1:0.45714 
               
               
                 
                   Pseudomonas 
                 
                 15442 
                  0.2:20,000 
                 1,000:218.75 
                 1:0.00001- 
               
               
                 
                   aeruginosa 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                 1:4.5714 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                 DAZOMET with Surf. A 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 ATCC # 
                 From 
                 To 
                 Ratio Range 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   Staphylo - 
                 6538 
                 0.2:20,000 
                 1,000:218.75 
                 1:0.00001-1:4.5714 
               
               
                 
                   coccus 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 
                   aureus 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   Aspergil - 
                 16404 
                 0.2:20,000 
                 1,000:218.75 
                 1:0.00001-1:4.5714 
               
               
                 
                   lus niger 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 
                   Candida 
                 
                 10203 
                 0.2:20,000 
                 1,000:218.75 
                 1:0.00001-1:4.5714 
               
               
                 
                   albicans 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   Pseudo - 
                 15442 
                 0.2:20,000 
                 1,000:218.75 
                 1:0.00001-1:4.5714 
               
               
                   monas ae - 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 
                   ruginosa 
                 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                 DAZOMET with Surf. E 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 ATCC # 
                 From 
                 To 
                 Ratio Range 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   Staphylo - 
                 6538 
                 0.2:20,000 
                 1,000:218.75 
                 1:0.00001-1:4.5714 
               
               
                 
                   coccus 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 
                   aureus 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   Aspergil - 
                 16404 
                 0.2:20,000 
                 1,000:218.75 
                 1:0.00001-1:4.5714 
               
               
                 
                   lus niger 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 
                   Candida 
                 
                 10203 
                 0.2:20,000 
                 1,000:218.75 
                 1:0.00001-1:4.5714 
               
               
                 
                   albicans 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   Pseudo - 
                 15442 
                 0.2:20,000 
                 1,000:218.75 
                 1:0.00001-1:4.5714 
               
               
                   monas ae - 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 
                   ruginosa 
                 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                 DAZOMET with Surf. D 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 ATCC # 
                 From 
                 To 
                 Ratio Range 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   Staphylo - 
                 6538 
                 0.2:20,000 
                 1,000:218.75 
                 1:0.00001-1:4.5714 
               
               
                 
                   coccus 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 
                   aureus 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   Aspergil - 
                 16404 
                 0.2:20,000 
                 1,000:218.75 
                 1:0.00001-1:4.5714 
               
               
                 
                   lus niger 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 
                   Candida 
                 
                 10203 
                 0.2:20,000 
                 1,000:218.75 
                 1:0.00001-1:4.5714 
               
               
                 
                   albicans 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   Pseudo - 
                 15442 
                 0.2:20,000 
                 1,000:218.75 
                 1:0.00001-1:4.5714 
               
               
                   monas ae - 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 
                   ruginosa 
                 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 PPM AI MIC Values (24 hrs) 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Test 
                 Alone 
                 Combination 
                   
                 Ratio 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 CA 
                 CB 
                 Ca 
                 Cb 
                 S.I. 
                 (Ca:Cb) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 
                   Ps. aeruginosa 
                 
                 &gt;20000 
                 10 
                 20000 
                 8 
                 &lt;1.80 
                 1:0.0004 
               
               
                 ATCC# 15442 
                 &gt;20000 
                 10 
                 10000 
                 8 
                 &lt;1.30 
                 1:0.0008 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 10 
                 5000 
                 8 
                 &lt;1.05 
                 1:0.0016 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 10 
                 2500 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.93 
                 1:0.0032 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 10 
                 1750 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.89 
                 1:0.0046 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 10 
                 875 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.84 
                 1:0.0091 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 10 
                 437.5 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.82 
                 1:0.0183 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 10 
                 218.75 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.81 
                 1:0.0366 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A: Surf. A 
               
               
                 B: BNPD 
               
               
                 Media: 1/10 TSB 
               
               
                 Inoculum size: 8.134E+07 CFU/ml 
               
               
                 No synergy:  A. niger ,  C. albicans ,  S. aureas   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 PPM AI MIC Values (3rd day) 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Test 
                 Alone 
                 Combination 
                   
                 Ratio 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 CA 
                 CB 
                 Ca 
                 Cb 
                 S.I. 
                 (Ca:Cb) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 
                   A. niger 
                 
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 20000 
                 500 
                 &lt;1.50 
                 1:0.0250 
               
               
                 ATCC# 16404 
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 10000 
                 400 
                 &lt;0.90 
                 1:0.0400 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 10000 
                 500 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 1:0.0500 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 5000 
                 500 
                 &lt;0.75 
                 1:0.1000 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 5000 
                 600 
                 &lt;0.85 
                 1:0.1200 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 5000 
                 800 
                 &lt;1.05 
                 1:0.1600 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 2500 
                 500 
                 &lt;0.63 
                 1:0.2000 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 2500 
                 600 
                 &lt;0.73 
                 1:0.2400 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 2500 
                 800 
                 &lt;0.93 
                 1:0.3200 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 1750 
                 600 
                 &lt;0.69 
                 1:0.3429 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 1750 
                 800 
                 &lt;0.89 
                 1:0.4571 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 875 
                 600 
                 &lt;0.64 
                 1:0.6857 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 875 
                 800 
                 &lt;0.84 
                 1:0.9143 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A: Surf. D 
               
               
                 B: BNPD 
               
               
                 Media: PDB 
               
               
                 Inoculum size: 1.156E+06 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 PPM AI MIC Values (48 hrs) 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Test 
                 Alone 
                 Combination 
                   
                 Ratio 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 CA 
                 CB 
                 Ca 
                 Cb 
                 S.I. 
                 (Ca:Cb) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 
                   C. albicans 
                 
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 20000 
                 400 
                 &lt;1.40 
                 1:0.0200 
               
               
                 ATCC# 10203 
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 10000 
                 400 
                 &lt;0.90 
                 1:0.0400 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 10000 
                 500 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 1:0.0500 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 5000 
                 400 
                 &lt;0.65 
                 1:0.0800 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 5000 
                 500 
                 &lt;0.75 
                 1:0.1000 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 5000 
                 600 
                 &lt;0.85 
                 1:0.1200 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 5000 
                 800 
                 &lt;1.05 
                 1:0.1600 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 2500 
                 400 
                 &lt;0.53 
                 1:0.1600 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 2500 
                 600 
                 &lt;0.73 
                 1:0.2400 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 2500 
                 800 
                 &lt;0.93 
                 1:0.3200 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 1750 
                 400 
                 &lt;0.49 
                 1:0.2286 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 1750 
                 600 
                 &lt;0.69 
                 1:0.3429 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 1750 
                 800 
                 &lt;0.89 
                 1:0.4571 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 875 
                 500 
                 &lt;0.54 
                 1:0.5714 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 875 
                 600 
                 &lt;0.64 
                 1:0.6857 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 875 
                 800 
                 &lt;0.84 
                 1:0.9143 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 437.5 
                 800 
                 &lt;0.82 
                 1:1.8286 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A: Surf. D 
               
               
                 B: BNPD 
               
               
                 Media: PDB 
               
               
                 Inoculum size: 5.726E+05 CFU/ml 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 PPM AI MIC Values (24 hrs) 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Test 
                 Alone 
                 Combination 
                   
                 Ratio 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 CA 
                 CB 
                 Ca 
                 Cb 
                 S.I. 
                 (Ca:Cb) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 
                   Ps. aeruginosa 
                 
                 &gt;20000 
                 10 
                 875 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.84 
                 1:0.0091 
               
               
                 ATCC# 15442 
                 &gt;20000 
                 10 
                 437.5 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.82 
                 1:0.0183 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A: Surf. D 
               
               
                 B: BNPD 
               
               
                 Media: 1/10 TSB 
               
               
                 Inoculum size: 1.16E+08 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 PPM AI MIC Values (24 hrs) 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Test 
                 Alone 
                 Combination 
                   
                 Ratio 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 CA 
                 CB 
                 Ca 
                 Cb 
                 S.I. 
                 (Ca:Cb) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 
                   S. aureus 
                 
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 20000 
                 4 
                 &lt;1.20 
                 1:0.0002 
               
               
                 ATCC# 6538 
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 10000 
                 3 
                 &lt;0.65 
                 1:0.0003 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 10000 
                 6 
                 &lt;0.80 
                 1:0.0006 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 10000 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.90 
                 1:0.0008 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 10000 
                 10 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 1:0.0010 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 5000 
                 2 
                 &lt;0.35 
                 1:0.0004 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 5000 
                 4 
                 &lt;0.45 
                 1:0.0008 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 5000 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.65 
                 1:0.0016 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 5000 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.75 
                 1:0.0020 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 5000 
                 2 
                 &lt;0.35 
                 1:0.0004 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 5000 
                 6 
                 &lt;0.55 
                 1:0.0012 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 5000 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.75 
                 1:0.0020 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 1750 
                 2 
                 &lt;0.19 
                 1:0.0011 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 1750 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.49 
                 1:0.0046 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 1750 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.59 
                 1:0.0057 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 875 
                 2 
                 &lt;0.14 
                 1:0.0023 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 875 
                 4 
                 &lt;0.24 
                 1:0.0046 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 875 
                 6 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 1:0.0069 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 875 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.54 
                 1:0.0114 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 437.5 
                 6 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 1:0.0137 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 437.5 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.42 
                 1:0.0183 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 437.5 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.52 
                 1:0.0229 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 218.75 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.41 
                 1:0.0366 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 20 
                 218.75 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.51 
                 1:0.0457 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A: Surf. D 
               
               
                 B: BNPD 
               
               
                 Media: 1/10 TSB 
               
               
                 Inoculum size: 1.808E+05 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 PPM AI MIC Values (48 hrs) 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Test 
                 Alone 
                 Combination 
                   
                 Ratio 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 CA 
                 CB 
                 Ca 
                 Cb 
                 S.I. 
                 (Ca:Cb) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 
                   C. albicans 
                 
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 20000 
                 200 
                 &lt;1.20 
                 1:0.0100 
               
               
                 ATCC# 10203 
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 10000 
                 200 
                 &lt;0.70 
                 1:0.0200 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 10000 
                 300 
                 &lt;0.80 
                 1:0.0300 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 10000 
                 500 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 1:0.0500 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 5000 
                 200 
                 &lt;0.45 
                 1:0.0400 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 5000 
                 400 
                 &lt;0.65 
                 1:0.0800 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 5000 
                 600 
                 &lt;0.85 
                 1:0.1200 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 5000 
                 800 
                 &lt;1.05 
                 1:0.1600 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 2500 
                 400 
                 &lt;0.53 
                 1:0.1600 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 2500 
                 600 
                 &lt;0.73 
                 1:0.2400 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 2500 
                 800 
                 &lt;0.93 
                 1:0.3200 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 1750 
                 500 
                 &lt;0.59 
                 1:0.2857 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 1750 
                 800 
                 &lt;0.89 
                 1:0.4571 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 1000 
                 875 
                 800 
                 &lt;0.84 
                 1:0.9143 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A: Surf. E 
               
               
                 B: BNPD 
               
               
                 Media: PDB 
               
               
                 Inoculum size: 1.808E+06 CFU/ml 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 PPM AI MIC Values (24 hrs) 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Test 
                 Alone 
                 Combination 
                   
                 Ratio 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 CA 
                 CB 
                 Ca 
                 Cb 
                 S.I. 
                 (Ca:Cb) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 
                   Ps. aeruginosa 
                 
                 &gt;20000 
                 10 
                 5000 
                 8 
                 &lt;1.05 
                 1:0.0016 
               
               
                 ATCC# 15442 
                 &gt;20000 
                 10 
                 2500 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.93 
                 1:0.0032 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 10 
                 1750 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.89 
                 1:0.0046 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 10 
                 875 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.84 
                 1:0.0091 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 10 
                 437.5 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.82 
                 1:0.0183 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 10 
                 218.75 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.81 
                 1:0.0366 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A: Surf. E 
               
               
                 B: BNPD 
               
               
                 Media: 1/10 TSB 
               
               
                 Inoculum size: 5.727E+07 CFU/ml 
               
            
           
         
       
     
                                            PPM AI MIC Values (24 hrs)                                         Test   Alone   Combination       Ratio                                         Organism   CA   CB   Ca   Cb   S.I.   (Ca:Cb)                                                   S. aureus     &gt;20000   20   20000   8   &lt;1.40   1:0.0004       ATCC# 6538   &gt;20000   20   10000   8   &lt;0.90   1:0.0008           &gt;20000   20   5000   8   &lt;0.65   1:0.0016           &gt;20000   20   5000   10   &lt;0.75   1:0.0020           &gt;20000   20   2500   8   &lt;0.53   1:0.0032           &gt;20000   20   2500   10   &lt;0.63   1:0.0040           &gt;20000   20   1750   8   &lt;0.49   1:0.0046           &gt;20000   20   1750   10   &lt;0.59   1:0.0057           &gt;20000   20   875   8   &lt;0.44   1:0.0091           &gt;20000   20   875   10   &lt;0.54   1:0.0114               A: Surf. E       B: BNPD       Media: 1/10 TSB       Inoculum size: 1.808E+06 CFU/ml       No synergy:  A. niger              
A: Surf. A
 
B: DAZOMET
 
Media: 1/10 TSB
 
Inoculum size: 8.13E+07
 
 S. aureus  ATCC 6538 No Synergy
 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 PPM AI MIC Values (3rd day) 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Test 
                 Alone 
                 Combination 
                   
                 Ratio 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 CA 
                 CB 
                 Ca 
                 Cb 
                 S.I. 
                 (Ca:Cb) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 10000 
                 0.6 
                 &lt;0.51 
                 1:0.0001 
               
               
                 A. niger 
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 10000 
                 0.8 
                 &lt;0.51 
                 1:0.0001 
               
               
                 ATCC# 16404 
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 10000 
                 1 
                 &lt;0.52 
                 1:0.0002 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 10000 
                 2 
                 &lt;0.53 
                 1:0.0003 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 10000 
                 3 
                 &lt;0.55 
                 1:0.0004 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 10000 
                 4 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 1:0.0005 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 10000 
                 5 
                 &lt;0.58 
                 1:0.0006 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 10000 
                 6 
                 &lt;0.60 
                 1:0.0008 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 10000 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.63 
                 1:0.0010 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 10000 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.67 
                 1:0.0020 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 10000 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.83 
                 1:0.0030 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 10000 
                 30 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 1:0.0040 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 10000 
                 40 
                 &lt;1.17 
                 1:0.0050 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 10000 
                 50 
                 &lt;1.33 
                 1:0.0008 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 5000 
                 4 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 1:0.0016 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 5000 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.38 
                 1:0.0020 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 5000 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.42 
                 1:0.0040 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 5000 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.58 
                 1:0.0060 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 5000 
                 30 
                 &lt;0.75 
                 1:0.0080 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 5000 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.92 
                 1:0.0100 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 5000 
                 50 
                 &lt;1.08 
                 1:0.0020 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 2500 
                 5 
                 &lt;0.21 
                 1:0.0024 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 2500 
                 6 
                 &lt;0.23 
                 1:0.0032 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 2500 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.26 
                 1:0.0040 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 2500 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.29 
                 1:0.0080 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 2500 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.46 
                 1:0.0120 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 2500 
                 30 
                 &lt;0.63 
                 1:0.0160 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 2500 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.79 
                 1:0.0200 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 2500 
                 50 
                 &lt;0.96 
                 1:0.0029 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 1750 
                 5 
                 &lt;0.17 
                 1:0.0020 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 1750 
                 6 
                 &lt;0.23 
                 1:0.0024 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 1750 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.26 
                 1:0.0032 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 1750 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.29 
                 1:0.0040 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 1750 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.46 
                 1:0.0080 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 1750 
                 30 
                 &lt;0.63 
                 1:0.0120 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 1750 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.79 
                 1:0.0160 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 1750 
                 50 
                 &lt;0.96 
                 1:0.0200 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 875 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.17 
                 1:0.0029 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 875 
                 30 
                 &lt;0.19 
                 1:0.0034 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 875 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.22 
                 1:0.0046 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 875 
                 50 
                 &lt;0.25 
                 1:0.0057 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 437.5 
                 30 
                 &lt;0.42 
                 1:0.0114 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 437.5 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.59 
                 1:0.0171 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 437.5 
                 50 
                 &lt;0.75 
                 1:0.0229 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 218.75 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.92 
                 1:0.0286 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 218.75 
                 50 
                 &lt;0.38 
                 1:0.0229 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A: Surf. A 
               
               
                 B: DAZOMET 
               
               
                 Media: PDB 
               
               
                 Inoculum size: 1.156E+06 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 PPM AI MIC Values (48 hrs) 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Test 
                 Alone 
                 Combination 
                   
                 Ratio 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 CA 
                 CB 
                 Ca 
                 Cb 
                 S.I. 
                 (Ca:Cb) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 
                   C. albicans 
                 
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 2500 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.93 
                 1:0.0160 
               
               
                 ATCC# 10203 
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 1750 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.89 
                 1:0.0229 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 437.5 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.82 
                 1:0.0914 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 218.75 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.81 
                 1:0.1829 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A: Surf. A 
               
               
                 B: DAZOMET 
               
               
                 Media: PDB 
               
               
                 Inoculum size: 1.156E+06 
               
            
           
         
       
     
                                            PPM AI MIC Values (24 hrs)                                         Test   Alone   Combination       Ratio                                         Organism   CA   CB   Ca   Cb   S.I.   (Ca:Cb)                                                   Ps. aeruginosa     &gt;20000   80   2500   4   &lt;0.18   1:0.0016       ATCC# 15442   &gt;20000   80   2500   5   &lt;0.19   1:0.0020           &gt;20000   80   2500   6   &lt;0.20   1:0.0024           &gt;20000   80   2500   8   &lt;0.23   1:0.0032           &gt;20000   80   2500   10   &lt;0.25   1:0.0040           &gt;20000   80   2500   20   &lt;0.38   1:0.0080           &gt;20000   80   2500   30   &lt;0.50   1:0.0120           &gt;20000   80   2500   40   &lt;0.63   1:0.0160           &gt;20000   80   2500   50   &lt;0.75   1:0.0200           &gt;20000   80   2500   60   &lt;0.88   1:0.0240           &gt;20000   80   1750   6   &lt;0.16   1:0.0034           &gt;20000   80   1750   8   &lt;0.19   1:0.0046           &gt;20000   80   1750   10   &lt;0.21   1:0.0057           &gt;20000   80   1750   20   &lt;0.34   1:0.0114           &gt;20000   80   1750   30   &lt;0.46   1:0.0171           &gt;20000   80   1750   40   &lt;0.59   1:0.0229           &gt;20000   80   1750   50   &lt;0.71   1:0.0286           &gt;20000   80   1750   60   &lt;0.84   1:0.0343           &gt;20000   80   437.5   60   &lt;0.77   1:0.1371           &gt;20000   80   218.75   60   &lt;0.76   1:0.2743               A: Surf. A       B: DAZOMET       Media: 1/10 TSB       Inoculum size: 8.134E+07            
A: Surf. E
 
B: DAZOMET
 
Media: PDB
 
Inoculum size: 1.156E+06
 
 C. albicans  ATCC 102031 No synergy
 
A: Surf. E
 
B: DAZOMET
 
Media: 1/10 TSB
 
Inoculum size: 5.7E+07
 
 P. aeruginosa  ATCC 15442 No synergy
 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 PPM AI MIC Values (24 hrs) 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Test 
                 Alone 
                 Combination 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 CA 
                 CB 
                 Ca 
                 Cb 
                 S.I. 
                 Ratio (Ca:Cb) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   S .  aureus   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 437.5 
                 100 
                 &lt;0.52 
                 1:0.2286 
               
               
                 ATCC #6538 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A: Surf. E 
               
               
                 B: DAZOMET 
               
               
                 Media: 1/10 TSB 
               
               
                 Inoculum size: 1.8E+06 
               
            
           
         
       
     
                                            PPM AI MIC Values (3rd day)                                         Test   Alone   Combination                                                 Organism   CA   CB   Ca   Cb   S.I.   Ratio (Ca:Cb)                                                   A .  niger     &gt;20000   30   10000   2   &lt;0.57   1:0.0002       ATCC #16404   &gt;20000   30   10000   4   &lt;0.63   1:0.0004           &gt;20000   30   10000   6   &lt;0.70   1:0.0006           &gt;20000   30   10000   8   &lt;0.77   1:0.0008           &gt;20000   30   10000   10   &lt;0.83   1:0.0010           &gt;20000   30   10000   20   &lt;1.17   1:0.0020           &gt;20000   30   5000   0.4   &lt;0.26   1:0.0001           &gt;20000   30   5000   0.5   &lt;0.27   1:0.0001           &gt;20000   30   5000   0.6   &lt;0.27   1:0.0001           &gt;20000   30   5000   0.8   &lt;0.28   1:0.0002           &gt;20000   30   5000   1   &lt;0.28   1:0.0002           &gt;20000   30   5000   2   &lt;0.32   1:0.0004           &gt;20000   30   5000   3   &lt;0.35   1:0.0006           &gt;20000   30   5000   4   &lt;0.38   1:0.0008           &gt;20000   30   5000   5   &lt;0.42   1:0.0010           &gt;20000   30   5000   6   &lt;0.45   1:0.0012           &gt;20000   30   5000   8   &lt;0.52   1:0.0016           &gt;20000   30   5000   10   &lt;0.58   1:0.0020           &gt;20000   30   5000   20   &lt;0.92   1:0.0040           &gt;20000   30   1750   0.4   &lt;0.10   1:0.0002           &gt;20000   30   1750   0.5   &lt;0.10   1:0.0003           &gt;20000   30   1750   0.6   &lt;0.11   1:0.0003           &gt;20000   30   1750   0.8   &lt;0.11   1:0.0005           &gt;20000   30   1750   1   &lt;0.12   1:0.0006           &gt;20000   30   1750   2   &lt;0.15   1:0.0011           &gt;20000   30   1750   3   &lt;0.19   1:0.0017           &gt;20000   30   1750   4   &lt;0.22   1:0.0023           &gt;20000   30   1750   5   &lt;0.25   1:0.0029           &gt;20000   30   1750   6   &lt;0.29   1:0.0034           &gt;20000   30   1750   8   &lt;0.35   1:0.0046           &gt;20000   30   1750   10   &lt;0.42   1:0.0057           &gt;20000   30   1750   20   &lt;0.75   1:0.0114           &gt;20000   30   875   3   &lt;0.14   1:0.0034           &gt;20000   30   875   4   &lt;0.18   1:0.0046           &gt;20000   30   875   5   &lt;0.21   1:0.0057           &gt;20000   30   875   6   &lt;0.24   1:0.0069           &gt;20000   30   875   8   &lt;0.31   1:0.0091           &gt;20000   30   875   10   &lt;0.38   1:0.0114           &gt;20000   30   875   20   &lt;0.71   1:0.0229           &gt;20000   30   437.5   0.2   &lt;0.03   1:0.0005           &gt;20000   30   437.5   0.3   &lt;0.03   1:0.0007           &gt;20000   30   437.5   0.4   &lt;0.04   1:0.0009           &gt;20000   30   437.5   0.5   &lt;0.04   1:0.0011           &gt;20000   30   437.5   0.6   &lt;0.04   1:0.0014           &gt;20000   30   437.5   0.8   &lt;0.05   1:0.0018           &gt;20000   30   437.5   1   &lt;0.06   1:0.0023           &gt;20000   30   437.5   2   &lt;0.09   1:0.0046           &gt;20000   30   437.5   3   &lt;0.12   1:0.0069           &gt;20000   30   437.5   4   &lt;0.16   1:0.0091           &gt;20000   30   437.5   5   &lt;0.19   1:0.0114           &gt;20000   30   437.5   6   &lt;0.22   1:0.0137           &gt;20000   30   437.5   8   &lt;0.29   1:0.0183           &gt;20000   30   437.5   10   &lt;0.36   1:0.0229           &gt;20000   30   437.5   20   &lt;0.69   1:0.0457           &gt;20000   30   218.75   5   &lt;0.18   1:0.0229           &gt;20000   30   218.75   6   &lt;0.21   1:0.0274           &gt;20000   30   218.75   8   &lt;0.28   1:0.0366           &gt;20000   30   218.75   10   &lt;&lt;0.34   1:0.0457           &gt;20000   30   218.75   20   &lt;0.68   1:0.0914               A: Surf. E       B: DAZOMET       Media: PDB       Inoculum size: 1.156E+06            
A: Surf. D
 
B: DAZOMET
 
Media: PDB
 
Inoculum size: 1.16E+08
 
 P. aeruginosa  ATCC 15442 No synergy
 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 PPM AI MIC Values (48 hrs) 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Test 
                 Alone 
                 Combination 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 CA 
                 CB 
                 Ca 
                 Cb 
                 S.I. 
                 Ratio (Ca:Cb) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   C .  albicans   
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 10000 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.70 
                 1:0.0010 
               
               
                 ATCC #10203 
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 10000 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.90 
                 1:0.0020 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 10000 
                 30 
                 &lt;1.10 
                 1:0.0030 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 10000 
                 40 
                 &lt;1.30 
                 1:0.0040 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 5000 
                 30 
                 &lt;0.85 
                 1:0.0060 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 5000 
                 40 
                 &lt;1.05 
                 1:0.0080 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 2500 
                 5 
                 &lt;0.23 
                 1:0.0020 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 2500 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.33 
                 1:0.0040 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 2500 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.53 
                 1:0.0080 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 2500 
                 30 
                 &lt;0.73 
                 1:0.0120 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 2500 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.93 
                 1:0.0160 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 1750 
                 6 
                 &lt;0.21 
                 1:0.0034 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 1750 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.29 
                 1:0.0057 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 1750 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.49 
                 1:0.0114 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 1750 
                 30 
                 &lt;0.69 
                 1:0.0171 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 1750 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.89 
                 1:0.0229 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 875 
                 30 
                 &lt;0.64 
                 1:0.0343 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 875 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.84 
                 1:0.0457 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 437.5 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.82 
                 1:0.0914 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 50 
                 218.75 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.81 
                 1:0.1829 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A: Surf. D 
               
               
                 B: DAZOMET 
               
               
                 Media: PDB 
               
               
                 Inoculum size: 5.72E+05 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 PPM AI MIC Values (3rd day) 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Test 
                 Alone 
                 Combination 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 CA 
                 CB 
                 Ca 
                 Cb 
                 S.I. 
                 Ratio (Ca:Cb) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   A .  niger   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 10000 
                 0.2 
                 &lt;0.51 
                 1:0.0002 
               
               
                 ATCC #16404 
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 10000 
                 0.3 
                 &lt;0.51 
                 1:0.0003 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 10000 
                 0.4 
                 &lt;0.51 
                 1:0.0004 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 10000 
                 0.5 
                 &lt;0.51 
                 1:0.0005 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 10000 
                 0.6 
                 &lt;0.52 
                 1:0.0006 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 10000 
                 0.8 
                 &lt;0.52 
                 1:0.0008 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 10000 
                 1 
                 &lt;0.53 
                 1:0.0010 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 10000 
                 2 
                 &lt;0.55 
                 1:0.0020 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 10000 
                 3 
                 &lt;0.58 
                 1:0.0030 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 10000 
                 4 
                 &lt;0.60 
                 1:0.0020 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 10000 
                 5 
                 &lt;0.63 
                 1:0.0030 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 10000 
                 6 
                 &lt;0.65 
                 1:0.0000 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 10000 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.70 
                 1:0.0008 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 10000 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.75 
                 1:0.0001 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 10000 
                 20 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 1:0.0001 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 5000 
                 0.2 
                 &lt;0.26 
                 1:0.0037 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 5000 
                 0.3 
                 &lt;0.26 
                 1:0.0046 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 5000 
                 0.4 
                 &lt;0.26 
                 1:0.0000 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 5000 
                 0.5 
                 &lt;0.26 
                 1:0.0001 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 5000 
                 0.6 
                 &lt;0.27 
                 1:0.0001 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 5000 
                 0.8 
                 &lt;0.27 
                 1:0.0002 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 5000 
                 1 
                 &lt;0.28 
                 1:0.0002 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 5000 
                 2 
                 &lt;0.30 
                 1:0.0004 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 5000 
                 3 
                 &lt;0.33 
                 1:0.0006 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 5000 
                 4 
                 &lt;0.35 
                 1:0.0008 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 5000 
                 5 
                 &lt;0.38 
                 1:0.0003 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 5000 
                 6 
                 &lt;0.40 
                 1:0.0010 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 5000 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.45 
                 1:0.0020 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 5000 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.50 
                 1:0.0030 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 5000 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.75 
                 1:0.0060 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 5000 
                 30 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 1:0.0020 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 2500 
                 0.2 
                 &lt;0.13 
                 1:0.0001 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 2500 
                 0.3 
                 &lt;0.13 
                 1:0.0001 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 2500 
                 0.4 
                 &lt;0.14 
                 1:0.0002 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 2500 
                 0.5 
                 &lt;0.14 
                 1:0.0002 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 2500 
                 0.6 
                 &lt;0.14 
                 1:0.0002 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 2500 
                 0.8 
                 &lt;0.15 
                 1:0.0003 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 2500 
                 1 
                 &lt;0.15 
                 1:0.0004 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 2500 
                 2 
                 &lt;0.18 
                 1:0.0008 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 2500 
                 3 
                 &lt;0.20 
                 1:0.0012 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 2500 
                 4 
                 &lt;0.23 
                 1:0.0016 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 2500 
                 5 
                 &lt;0.25 
                 1:0.0020 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 2500 
                 6 
                 &lt;0.28 
                 1:0.0024 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 2500 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.33 
                 1:0.0032 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 2500 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.38 
                 1:0.0040 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 2500 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.63 
                 1:0.0080 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 2500 
                 30 
                 &lt;0.88 
                 1:0.0120 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 1750 
                 0.2 
                 &lt;0.09 
                 1:0.0001 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 1750 
                 0.3 
                 &lt;0.10 
                 1:0.0002 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 1750 
                 0.4 
                 &lt;0.10 
                 1:0.0002 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 1750 
                 0.5 
                 &lt;0.10 
                 1:0.0003 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 1750 
                 0.6 
                 &lt;0.10 
                 1:0.0003 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 1750 
                 0.8 
                 &lt;0.11 
                 1:0.0005 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 1750 
                 1 
                 &lt;0.11 
                 1:0.0006 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 1750 
                 2 
                 &lt;0.14 
                 1:0.0011 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 1750 
                 3 
                 &lt;0.16 
                 1:0.0017 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 1750 
                 4 
                 &lt;0.19 
                 1:0.0023 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 1750 
                 5 
                 &lt;0.21 
                 1:0.0029 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 1750 
                 6 
                 &lt;0.24 
                 1:0.0034 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 1750 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.29 
                 1:0.0046 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 1750 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 1:0.0057 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 1750 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.59 
                 1:0.0114 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 0.2 
                 &lt;0.05 
                 1:0.0002 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 0.3 
                 &lt;0.05 
                 1:0.0003 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 0.2 
                 &lt;0.05 
                 1:0.0002 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 0.4 
                 &lt;0.05 
                 1:0.0005 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 0.5 
                 &lt;0.06 
                 1:0.0006 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 0.6 
                 &lt;0.06 
                 1:0.0007 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 0.8 
                 &lt;0.06 
                 1:0.0009 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 1 
                 &lt;0.07 
                 1:0.0011 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 2 
                 &lt;0.09 
                 1:0.0023 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 0.2 
                 &lt;0.05 
                 1:0.0002 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 0.3 
                 &lt;0.05 
                 1:0.0003 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 0.4 
                 &lt;0.05 
                 1:0.0005 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 0.5 
                 &lt;0.06 
                 1:0.0006 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 0.6 
                 &lt;0.06 
                 1:0.0007 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 0.8 
                 &lt;0.06 
                 1:0.0009 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 1 
                 &lt;0.07 
                 1:0.0011 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 2 
                 &lt;0.09 
                 1:0.0023 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 3 
                 &lt;0.12 
                 1:0.0034 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 4 
                 &lt;0.14 
                 1:0.0046 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 5 
                 &lt;0.17 
                 1:0.0057 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 6 
                 &lt;0.19 
                 1:0.0069 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.24 
                 1:0.0091 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.29 
                 1:0.0114 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 875 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.54 
                 1:0.0229 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 437.5 
                 0.4 
                 &lt;0.03 
                 1:0.0009 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 437.5 
                 0.5 
                 &lt;0.03 
                 1:0.0011 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 437.5 
                 0.6 
                 &lt;0.04 
                 1:0.0014 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 437.5 
                 0.8 
                 &lt;0.04 
                 1:0.0018 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 437.5 
                 0.4 
                 &lt;0.03 
                 1:0.0009 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 437.5 
                 1 
                 &lt;0.05 
                 1:0.0023 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 437.5 
                 2 
                 &lt;0.07 
                 1:0.0046 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 437.5 
                 3 
                 &lt;0.10 
                 1:0.0069 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 437.5 
                 4 
                 &lt;0.12 
                 1:0.0091 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 437.5 
                 5 
                 &lt;0.15 
                 1:0.0114 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 437.5 
                 6 
                 &lt;0.17 
                 1:0.0137 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 437.5 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.22 
                 1:0.0183 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 437.5 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.27 
                 1:0.0229 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 437.5 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.52 
                 1:0.0457 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 218.75 
                 0.6 
                 &lt;0.03 
                 1:0.0027 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 218.75 
                 0.8 
                 &lt;0.03 
                 1:0.0037 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 218.75 
                 1 
                 &lt;0.04 
                 1:0.0046 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 218.75 
                 2 
                 &lt;0.06 
                 1:0.0091 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 218.75 
                 3 
                 &lt;0.09 
                 1:0.0137 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 218.75 
                 4 
                 &lt;0.11 
                 1:0.0183 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 218.75 
                 5 
                 &lt;0.14 
                 1:0.0229 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 218.75 
                 6 
                 &lt;0.16 
                 1:0.0274 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 218.75 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.21 
                 1:0.0366 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 218.75 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.26 
                 1:0.0457 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 218.75 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.51 
                 1:0.0914 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 40 
                 20000 
                 0.2 
                 &lt;1.01 
                 1:0.0000 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A: Surf. D 
               
               
                 B: DAZOMET 
               
               
                 Media: PDB 
               
               
                 Inoculum size: 1.56E+06 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 PPM AI MIC Values (24 hrs) 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Test 
                 Alone 
                 Combination 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 CA 
                 CB 
                 Ca 
                 Cb 
                 S.I. 
                 Ratio (Ca:Cb) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   S .  aureus   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 10000 
                 20 
                 0.60 
                 1:0.0020 
               
               
                 ATCC #6538 
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 10000 
                 30 
                 0.65 
                 1:0.0030 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 10000 
                 40 
                 0.70 
                 1:0.0040 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 10000 
                 50 
                 0.75 
                 1:0.0050 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 10000 
                 60 
                 0.80 
                 1:0.0060 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 10000 
                 80 
                 0.90 
                 1:0.0080 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 10000 
                 100 
                 1.00 
                 1:0.0100 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 10000 
                 20 
                 0.60 
                 1:0.0020 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 5000 
                 4 
                 0.27 
                 1:0.0008 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 5000 
                 5 
                 0.28 
                 1:0.0010 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 5000 
                 6 
                 0.28 
                 1:0.0012 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 5000 
                 8 
                 0.29 
                 1:0.0016 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 5000 
                 10 
                 0.30 
                 1:0.0020 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 5000 
                 20 
                 0.35 
                 1:0.0040 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 5000 
                 30 
                 0.40 
                 1:0.0060 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 5000 
                 8 
                 0.29 
                 1:0.0016 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 5000 
                 10 
                 0.30 
                 1:0.0020 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 5000 
                 20 
                 0.35 
                 1:0.0040 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 5000 
                 30 
                 0.40 
                 1:0.0060 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 5000 
                 40 
                 0.45 
                 1:0.0080 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 5000 
                 50 
                 0.50 
                 1:0.0100 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 5000 
                 60 
                 0.55 
                 1:0.0120 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 5000 
                 80 
                 0.65 
                 1:0.0160 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 5000 
                 100 
                 0.75 
                 1:0.0200 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 2500 
                 20 
                 0.23 
                 1:0.0080 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 2500 
                 30 
                 0.28 
                 1:0.0120 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 2500 
                 40 
                 0.33 
                 1:0.0160 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 2500 
                 50 
                 0.38 
                 1:0.0200 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 2500 
                 60 
                 0.43 
                 1:0.0240 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 2500 
                 80 
                 0.53 
                 1:0.0320 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 2500 
                 100 
                 0.63 
                 1:0.0400 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 1750 
                 0.2 
                 0.09 
                 1:0.0001 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 1750 
                 0.3 
                 0.09 
                 1:0.0002 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 1750 
                 0.4 
                 0.09 
                 1:0.0002 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 1750 
                 0.5 
                 0.09 
                 1:0.0003 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 1750 
                 0.6 
                 0.09 
                 1:0.0003 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 1750 
                 0.8 
                 0.09 
                 1:0.0005 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 1750 
                 1 
                 0.09 
                 1:0.0006 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 1750 
                 2 
                 0.10 
                 1:0.0011 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 1750 
                 3 
                 0.10 
                 1:0.0017 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 1750 
                 4 
                 0.11 
                 1:0.0023 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 1750 
                 5 
                 0.11 
                 1:0.0029 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 1750 
                 6 
                 0.12 
                 1:0.0034 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 1750 
                 8 
                 0.13 
                 1:0.0046 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 1750 
                 10 
                 0.14 
                 1:0.0057 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 1750 
                 20 
                 0.19 
                 1:0.0114 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 1750 
                 40 
                 0.29 
                 1:0.0229 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 1750 
                 60 
                 0.39 
                 1:0.0343 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 1750 
                 80 
                 0.49 
                 1:0.0457 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 1750 
                 100 
                 0.59 
                 1:0.0571 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 875 
                 0.2 
                 0.04 
                 1:0.0002 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 875 
                 0.3 
                 0.05 
                 1:0.0003 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 875 
                 0.4 
                 0.05 
                 1:0.0005 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 875 
                 0.5 
                 0.05 
                 1:0.0006 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 875 
                 0.6 
                 0.05 
                 1:0.0007 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 875 
                 0.8 
                 0.05 
                 1:0.0009 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 875 
                 1 
                 0.05 
                 1:0.0011 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 875 
                 2 
                 0.05 
                 1:0.0023 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 875 
                 3 
                 0.06 
                 1:0.0034 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 875 
                 4 
                 0.06 
                 1:0.0046 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 875 
                 5 
                 0.07 
                 1:0.0057 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 875 
                 6 
                 0.07 
                 1:0.0069 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 875 
                 8 
                 0.08 
                 1:0.0091 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 875 
                 10 
                 0.09 
                 1:0.0114 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 875 
                 20 
                 0.14 
                 1:0.0229 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 875 
                 30 
                 0.19 
                 1:0.0343 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 875 
                 40 
                 0.24 
                 1:0.0457 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 875 
                 50 
                 0.29 
                 1:0.0571 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 875 
                 60 
                 0.34 
                 1:0.0686 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 875 
                 80 
                 0.44 
                 1:0.0914 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 875 
                 100 
                 0.54 
                 1:0.1143 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 437.5 
                 30 
                 0.17 
                 1:0.0686 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 437.5 
                 40 
                 0.22 
                 1:0.0914 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 437.5 
                 50 
                 0.27 
                 1:0.1143 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 437.5 
                 60 
                 0.32 
                 1:0.1371 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 437.5 
                 80 
                 0.42 
                 1:0.1829 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 437.5 
                 100 
                 0.52 
                 1:0.2286 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 218.75 
                 50 
                 0.26 
                 1:0.2286 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 218.75 
                 60 
                 0.31 
                 1:0.2743 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 218.75 
                 80 
                 0.41 
                 1:0.3657 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 200 
                 218.75 
                 100 
                 0.51 
                 1:0.4571 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A: Surf. D 
               
               
                 B: DAZOMET 
               
               
                 Media: 1/10 TSB 
               
               
                 Inoculum size: 5.72E+05 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 PPM AI MIC Values (3rd day) 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Test 
                 Alone 
                 Combination 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 CA 
                 CB 
                 Ca 
                 Cb 
                 S.I. 
                 Ratio (Ca:Cb) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   A .  niger   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 20000 
                 5 
                 &lt;1.06 
                 1:0.0003 
               
               
                 ATCC #16404 
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 10000 
                 6 
                 &lt;0.58 
                 1:0.0006 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 10000 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.63 
                 1:0.0010 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 10000 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.75 
                 1:0.0020 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 10000 
                 40 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 1:0.0040 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 5000 
                 30 
                 &lt;0.63 
                 1:0.0060 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 5000 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.75 
                 1:0.0080 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 5000 
                 60 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 1:0.0120 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 2500 
                 30 
                 &lt;0.50 
                 1:0.0120 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 2500 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.63 
                 1:0.0160 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 2500 
                 60 
                 &lt;0.88 
                 1:0.0240 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 1750 
                 30 
                 &lt;0.46 
                 1:0.0171 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 1750 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.59 
                 1:0.0229 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 1750 
                 60 
                 &lt;0.84 
                 1:0.0343 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 875 
                 30 
                 &lt;0.42 
                 1:0.0343 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 875 
                 60 
                 &lt;0.79 
                 1:0.0686 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 437.5 
                 50 
                 &lt;0.65 
                 1:0.1143 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 437.5 
                 60 
                 &lt;0.77 
                 1:0.1371 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 218.75 
                 50 
                 &lt;0.64 
                 1:0.2286 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 218.75 
                 60 
                 &lt;0.76 
                 1:0.2743 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A: Surf. A 
               
               
                 B: BIOBAN P-1487 
               
               
                 MediA: PDB 
               
               
                 Inoculum size: 1.156E+06 CFU/ml 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 PPM AI MIC Values (48 hrs) 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Test 
                 Alone 
                 Combination 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 CA 
                 CB 
                 Ca 
                 Cb 
                 S.I. 
                 Ratio (Ca:Cb) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   C .  albicans   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 20000 
                 10 
                 &lt;1.33 
                 1:0.0005 
               
               
                 ATCC #10231 
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 10000 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.83 
                 1:0.0010 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 2500 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.39 
                 1:0.0032 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 2500 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.46 
                 1:0.0040 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 2500 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.79 
                 1:0.0080 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 1750 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.42 
                 1:0.0057 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 1750 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.75 
                 1:0.0114 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 437.5 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.69 
                 1:0.0457 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 218.75 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.68 
                 1:0.0914 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A: Surf. A 
               
               
                 B: BIOBAN P-1487 
               
               
                 Media: PDB 
               
               
                 Inoculum size: 1.156E+06 CFU/ml 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 PPM AI MIC Values (24 hrs) 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Test 
                 Alone 
                 Combination 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 CA 
                 CB 
                 Ca 
                 Cb 
                 S.I. 
                 Ratio (Ca:Cb) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   Ps .  aeruginosa   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 20000 
                 60 
                 &lt;1.75 
                 1:0.0030 
               
               
                 ATCC #15442 
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 5000 
                 60 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 1:0.0120 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 2500 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.63 
                 1:0.0160 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 2500 
                 60 
                 &lt;0.88 
                 1:0.0240 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 1750 
                 50 
                 &lt;0.71 
                 1:0.0286 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 1750 
                 60 
                 &lt;0.84 
                 1:0.0343 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 875 
                 50 
                 &lt;0.67 
                 1:0.0571 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 875 
                 60 
                 &lt;0.79 
                 1:0.0686 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 437.5 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.52 
                 1:0.0914 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 437.5 
                 60 
                 &lt;0.77 
                 1:0.1371 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 80 
                 218.75 
                 60 
                 &lt;0.76 
                 1:0.2743 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A: Surf. A 
               
               
                 B: BIOBAN P-1487 
               
               
                 Media: 1/10 TSB 
               
               
                 Inoculum size: 8.134E+07 CFU/ml 
               
               
                 No Synergy:  S .  aureus   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 PPM AI MIC Values (3rd day) 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Test 
                 Alone 
                 Combination 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 CA 
                 CB 
                 Ca 
                 Cb 
                 S.I. 
                 Ratio (Ca:Cb) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   A .  niger   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 20000 
                 30 
                 &lt;1.50 
                 1:0.0015 
               
               
                 ATCC #16404 
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 10000 
                 30 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 1:0.0030 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 5000 
                 30 
                 &lt;0.75 
                 1:0.0060 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 5000 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.92 
                 1:0.0080 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 5000 
                 50 
                 &lt;1.08 
                 1:0.0100 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 2500 
                 30 
                 &lt;0.63 
                 1:0.0120 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 2500 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.79 
                 1:0.0160 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 2500 
                 50 
                 &lt;0.96 
                 1:0.0200 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 1750 
                 30 
                 &lt;0.59 
                 1:0.0171 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 1750 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.75 
                 1:0.0229 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 1750 
                 50 
                 &lt;0.92 
                 1:0.0286 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 875 
                 30 
                 &lt;0.54 
                 1:0.0343 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 875 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.71 
                 1:0.0457 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 875 
                 50 
                 &lt;0.88 
                 1:0.0571 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 437.5 
                 30 
                 &lt;0.52 
                 1:0.0686 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 437.5 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.69 
                 1:0.0914 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 437.5 
                 50 
                 &lt;0.86 
                 1:0.1143 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 218.75 
                 30 
                 &lt;0.51 
                 1:0.1371 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 218.75 
                 40 
                 &lt;0.68 
                 1:0.1829 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 218.75 
                 50 
                 &lt;0.84 
                 1:0.2286 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A: Surf. E 
               
               
                 B: BIOBAN P-1487 
               
               
                 Media: PDB 
               
               
                 Inoculum size: 1.156E+06 CFU/ml 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 PPM AI MIC Values (48 hrs) 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Test 
                 Alone 
                 Combination 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 CA 
                 CB 
                 Ca 
                 Cb 
                 S.I. 
                 Ratio (Ca:Cb) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   C .  albicans   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 20000 
                 0.04 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 1:0.0000 
               
               
                 ATCC #10203 
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 10000 
                 0.04 
                 &lt;0.50 
                 1:0.0000 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 10000 
                 0.4 
                 &lt;0.51 
                 1:0.0000 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 10000 
                 4 
                 &lt;0.63 
                 1:0.0004 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 10000 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.83 
                 1:0.0010 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 10000 
                 20 
                 &lt;1.17 
                 1:0.0020 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 5000 
                 4 
                 &lt;0.38 
                 1:0.0008 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 5000 
                 5 
                 &lt;0.42 
                 1:0.0010 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 5000 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.58 
                 1:0.0020 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 5000 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.92 
                 1:0.0040 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 2500 
                 4 
                 &lt;0.26 
                 1:0.0016 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 2500 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.46 
                 1:0.0040 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 2500 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.79 
                 1:0.0080 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 1750 
                 5 
                 &lt;0.25 
                 1:0.0029 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 1750 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.42 
                 1:0.0057 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 1750 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.75 
                 1:0.0114 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 875 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.31 
                 1:0.0091 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 875 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.38 
                 1:0.0114 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 875 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.71 
                 1:0.0229 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 437.5 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.29 
                 1:0.0183 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 437.5 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.69 
                 1:0.0457 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 218.75 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 1:0.0457 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 218.75 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.68 
                 1:0.0914 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A: Surf. E 
               
               
                 B: BIOBAN P1487 
               
               
                 Media: PDB 
               
               
                 Inoculum size: 1.808E+06 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 PPM AI MIC Values (24 hrs) 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Test 
                 Alone 
                 Combination 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 CA 
                 CB 
                 Ca 
                 Cb 
                 S.I. 
                 Ratio (Ca:Cb) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   Ps .  aeruginosa   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 20000 
                 50 
                 &lt;1.83 
                 1:0.0025 
               
               
                 ATCC #15442 
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 10000 
                 50 
                 &lt;1.33 
                 1:0.0050 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 5000 
                 50 
                 &lt;1.08 
                 1:0.0100 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 2500 
                 50 
                 &lt;0.96 
                 1:0.0200 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 1750 
                 50 
                 &lt;0.92 
                 1:0.0286 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 875 
                 50 
                 &lt;0.88 
                 1:0.0571 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 437.5 
                 50 
                 &lt;0.86 
                 1:0.1143 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 60 
                 218.75 
                 50 
                 &lt;0.84 
                 1:0.2286 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A: Surf. E 
               
               
                 B: BIOBAN P-1487 
               
               
                 Media: 1/10 TSB 
               
               
                 Inoculum size: 5.727E+07 CFU/ml 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 PPM AI MIC Values (24 hrs) 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Test 
                 Alone 
                 Combination 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 CA 
                 CB 
                 Ca 
                 Cb 
                 S.I. 
                 Ratio (Ca:Cb) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   S .  aureus   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 2500 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.79 
                 1:0.0080 
               
               
                 ATCC #6538 
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 437.5 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.69 
                 1:0.0457 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A: Surf. E 
               
               
                 B: BIOBAN P-1487 
               
               
                 Media: 1/10 TSB 
               
               
                 Inoculum size: 1.808E+06 CFU/ml 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 PPM AI MIC Values (3rd day) 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Test 
                 Alone 
                 Combination 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 CA 
                 CB 
                 Ca 
                 Cb 
                 S.I. 
                 Ratio (Ca:Cb) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   A .  niger   
                 &gt;20000 
                 6 
                 20000 
                 0.6 
                 &lt;1.10 
                 1:0.0000 
               
               
                 ATCC #16404 
                 &gt;20000 
                 6 
                 10000 
                 3 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 1:0.0003 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 6 
                 5000 
                 5 
                 &lt;1.08 
                 1:0.0010 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 6 
                 2500 
                 3 
                 &lt;0.63 
                 1:0.0012 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 6 
                 1750 
                 2 
                 &lt;0.42 
                 1:0.0011 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 6 
                 875 
                 5 
                 &lt;0.88 
                 1:0.0057 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 6 
                 437.5 
                 3 
                 &lt;0.52 
                 1:0.0069 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 6 
                 218.75 
                 4 
                 &lt;0.68 
                 1:0.0183 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A: Surf. D 
               
               
                 B: BIOBAN P-1487 
               
               
                 Media: PDB 
               
               
                 Inoculum size: 1.156E+06 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 PPM AI MIC Values (48 hrs) 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Test 
                 Alone 
                 Combination 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Organism 
                 CA 
                 CB 
                 Ca 
                 Cb 
                 S.I. 
                 Ratio (Ca:Cb) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   C .  albicans   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 20000 
                 3 
                 &lt;1.10 
                 1:0.0002 
               
               
                 ATCC #10231 
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 10000 
                 2 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 1:0.0002 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 10000 
                 3 
                 &lt;0.60 
                 1:0.0003 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 10000 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.83 
                 1:0.0010 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 10000 
                 20 
                 &lt;1.17 
                 1:0.0020 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 5000 
                 5 
                 &lt;0.42 
                 1:0.0010 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 5000 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.58 
                 1:0.0020 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 5000 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.92 
                 1:0.0040 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 2500 
                 0.5 
                 &lt;0.14 
                 1:0.0002 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 2500 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.46 
                 1:0.0040 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 2500 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.79 
                 1:0.0080 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 1750 
                 4 
                 &lt;0.22 
                 1:0.0023 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 1750 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.42 
                 1:0.0057 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 1750 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.75 
                 1:0.0114 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 875 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.71 
                 1:0.0229 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 437.5 
                 5 
                 &lt;0.19 
                 1:0.0114 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 437.5 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.36 
                 1:0.0229 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 437.5 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.69 
                 1:0.0457 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 218.75 
                 8 
                 &lt;0.28 
                 1:0.0366 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 218.75 
                 10 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 1:0.0457 
               
               
                   
                 &gt;20000 
                 30 
                 218.75 
                 20 
                 &lt;0.68 
                 1:0.0914 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A: Surf. D 
               
               
                 B: BIOBAN P-1487 
               
               
                 Media: PDB 
               
               
                 Inoculum size: 5.726E+05 CFU/ml 
               
            
           
         
       
     
                                            PPM AI MIC Values (24 hrs)                                         Test   Alone   Combination                                                 Organism   CA   CB   Ca   Cb   S.I.   Ratio (Ca:Cb)                                                   S .  aureus     &gt;20000   30   20000   20   &lt;1.67   1:0.0010       ATCC #6538   &gt;20000   30   10000   20   &lt;1.17   1:0.0020           &gt;20000   30   5000   20   &lt;0.92   1:0.0040           &gt;20000   30   2500   20   &lt;0.79   1:0.0080           &gt;20000   30   1750   20   &lt;0.75   1:0.0114           &gt;20000   30   218.75   20   &lt;0.68   1:0.0914               A: Surf. D       B: BIOBAN P-1487       Media: 1/10 TSB       Inoculum size: 1.808E+05       No synergy :  P .  aeruginosa              
The following biocides had no synergy against any organism tested when paired with the following surfactants:
 
Surf. A
 
Sodium Benzoate, TRIS NITRO
 
Surf. E
 
DMDMH
 
Surf. D
 
CS-1246, OPP, DMDMH
 
     In the following combinations, the ratio of surfactant to biocide where synergy was observed were not commercially relevant, i.e., a ratio of 1:0.2 or greater (less biocide relative to surfactant). At these ratios, the biocide levels in a formulated product would be too low to be practical: 
     Surf. A 
     DIDAC, IPBC 
     Surf. E 
     CMIT/MIT, IPBC, OIT, TTPC, WSCP 
     Surf. D 
     CMIT/MIT, OIT, DIDAC 
     (MBIT, IPBC, WSCP were synergistic only at 1:0.05 or worse except for one data point)