Patent Publication Number: US-2022227406-A1

Title: Cart

Description:
RELATED PROVISIONAL APPLICATIONS 
     This utility application relates to, updates, and incorporates by reference provisional patent application No. 62/854,835, filed May 30, 2019, and provisional patent application No. 63/100,283, filed Mar. 6, 2020. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The inventions herein described, depicted and claimed relate generally to carts used to carry cargo; specifically to pushable wheeled carts, and more specifically to wheeled carts that may find particular use by customers and users in retail and wholesale stores, such as grocery stores, big-box stores (such as Costco), and hardware and home improvement stores (such as Home Depot and Lowe&#39;s), hotels, warehouses, airports, among many other potential uses. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONS 
     The traditional wheeled grocery store shopping cart has been in use for decades (see, e.g., Cauthon, U.S. Pat. No. 2,890,058, entitled “Rack for Grocery Carts” issued Jun. 9, 1959; Thompson, U.S. Pat. No. 4,046,394 entitled “Shopping Cart” and issued Sep. 6, 1977; Gill, U.S. Pat. No. 4,610,454 entitled “Shopping Cart” and issued Sep. 9, 1986; Rehig, U.S. Pat. No. D294,419 entitled “Shopping Cart” and issued Feb. 23, 1988). For a brief history of the modern shopping cart, see “How a Basket on Wheels Revolutionized Grocery Shopping” at https://priceonomics.com/how-a-basket-on-wheels-revolutionized-grocery/(“Priceonomics Article”). 
     The actual birth of the modern day “shopping cart” took place in 1937, in Oklahoma. As has been reported, Mr. Sylvan N. Goldman, owner of a Humpty-Dumpty supermarket chain in Oklahoma, noticed that his customers&#39; per-visit purchases in his stores were limited by how many items they can comfortably carry around in, and then carry out of, the store in their handheld small baskets. In order to improve the shopping experience at his stores for his customers, and equally importantly, to increase their per-visit purchases, he begins work on a solution to the problem. Using a folding chair to which he attached a basket on the seat and wheels on the legs, he designs the very first wheeled shopping cart. After refining his design, he obtains a patent on his invention (U.S. Pat. No. 2,196,914; entitled “Folding Basket Carriage for Self-Service Stores” issue Apr. 9, 1940). Historians have consistently stated that this simple invention revolutionized the in-store shopping experience, and the entire consumer-product store industry as well. 
     The next significant advance in the art occurred in the mid-to-late 1940&#39;s. A freelance inventor, Orla E. Watson, decided to improve on the Goldman design, and devised what is believed to be the first-ever telescoping/nesting shopping cart, for which he was granted a patent in 1949 (U.S. Pat. No. 2,479,530 entitled “Store Basket and Carriage” issued Apr. 16, 1949). That cart had 4 wheels attached to a base, an upright structure attached to the back of the base, with one or two baskets attached to the upright. The base and baskets taper toward the front, and the base was lower in the front than the back, which allowed by the carts to “nest” (or stack) in telescoping fashion. 
     Efforts to improve of the design and functionality of these shopping carts has been unrelenting. Indeed, a search of the USPTO issued-patents database, using the search terms “shopping” and “cart” in the title of the patent, produced a listing of 864 patents (design and utility). Some of these patented carts are stackable (meaning that they will “nest” together in telescoping) so that when not in use they can be stored in less space, and when collected from the store parking lot for return to the store&#39;s cart bay, the worker can push a “wagon train” of many nested carts at one time. Notwithstanding the unrelenting effort to improve on the basic Goldman-type cart design, and there have been an untold number of “improvements,” the modern day cart still bears a striking resemblance to the original Goldman design. See, e.g., the carts currently being marketed by such major industry manufacturers and sellers of cart like Wanzl (https://www.wanzl.com/en_DE/products/trolleys/shopping-trolleys˜c376); and Unarco (https://www.unarco.com/products.html). 
     The typical and traditional nesting, stackable cart design (such as that shown in the Wanzl and Unarco product line-ups and in Gill &#39;454) involves an equally traditional construction that includes a bottom frame to which the front and rear wheels are attached, and a rear upright frame element to which the rear of the basket(s) of the cart is attached. In these carts, the bottom frame slants downwardly back to front, is narrower in the front and wider in the back, and the front wheels are positioned such that the distance between the outside rims of the front wheels is less than the distance between the inside rims of the back wheels. All of this is necessary to allow the carts to “nest” in which the front of one cart is pushed into the back of another cart (in which the rear portion of the basket is able to rotate upwardly to allow the front portion of the basket of the “male” cart to be inserted into back portion of basket of the “female” cart); the front wheels of the “male” cart fit within the space between the rear wheels of the “female” cart, and if the cart has a bottom shelf, that front portion of that shelf on the “male” cart slides underneath the rear portion of the bottom shelf on the “female” cart. In other words, the basic “Goldman” design remains the industry standard, notwithstanding the obvious long felt need to improve upon that design, and the efforts of so many others to do so. Indeed, this design cart is now and has been for many years ubiquitous, and is widely used. Some estimates are that twenty-five million of this type cart are in use every day in the United States alone (see Priceonomics Article). 
     Notwithstanding the indisputable and unbridled “success” of the traditional shopping cart design, it suffers from significant drawbacks. For example, in the traditional design the base portion of the cart is rather small, and is necessarily tapered from back to front to allow nesting. Also, because the basket-supporting portion of the cart frame is located in the rear of the cart, the rearward opening to the under-basket storage space (i.e., the bottom shelf portion of the cart)(the “bottom rack” or “bottom shelf”) is thereby limited (and quite small) in width and height, such that the size and shape of packages that can be loaded onto the bottom shelf of the cart from the rear of the cart is similarly limited (and is smaller than what the bottom shelf can actually accommodate). Also, because the bottom rack has to be higher in back and lower in the front, there is usually very little vertical clearance between the bottom rack and the upper basket. 
     As these carts are designed to be pushed or driven from the rear, if the customer wants to load a large or bulky package onto the bottom shelf, and the rearward-facing access to the bottom shelf is too small to accommodate the package, that will require the customer to go around to the front of the cart in order to load the item, and then again to unload that large package at the checkout aisle and in the parking lot. While that may not seem at first blush like a material inconvenience, as anyone who has tried to do so in a crowded store can attest, in practice it is inconvenient, time consuming and can be an annoyance to other customers. It also requires that anything left in the rear portion of the cart (purse, keys, kids) are left unattended. Thieves have been known to snatch a wallet out of a women&#39;s purse that was left unattended in this way. 
     The bottom shelf on some traditional designs slopes forward, and does not have any side guards, such that some items may slip off the cart while it is being maneuvered. In addition, in the traditional design the width of the bottom shelf tapers to a significant degree toward the front end of the cart, and can become quite narrow (in order to allow for the nesting or stacking of the carts), as the front wheels of the one cart must fit inside the rear wheels of the cart ahead of it in the stacking arrangement. Therefore, the useful cargo space of the bottom shelf in the traditional cart is also restricted by that front-rear wheel arrangement that is required for nesting. 
     The result is that the bottom shelf of traditional carts is not used to its full potential. Anecdotal observation at any grocery store reveals that the bottom shelf of such carts is often not used at all, and when used, is able to hold less cargo than would be preferred by both the customer and the store owner. Indeed, at the “big box” stores, like Costco, the amount some customers purchase during a given visit is constrained by the size of the cargo space in their single cart. This is due to both the small rear opening, the small relative size of the bottom shelf, and the inconvenience of having to go to the side, or more likely, the front of the cart to load and unload larger items from the bottom shelf that will not fit through the small rear access portal. 
     The traditional design is thus not only inconvenient in these respects, but by limiting the amount of conveniently accessible cargo space, the store is losing out on revenue, and the customer may have to make more than one visit to the store. 
     Another ubiquitous cart is the  4 -wheeled, flat-platform hotel luggage cart (see, e.g. examples shown at in U.S. Pat. No. D703,905, and at https://www.globalindustrial.com/g/material-handling/trucks-carts/bellman-luggage/bellman-luggage-hotel-carts). This design has similarly stood the test of time (decades). However, these traditional luggage carts are not able to nest in telescoping fashion, and where attempts have been made to do so (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 9,840,265), the result has been less than satisfactory in several respects, including functionality (reduced size platform, inferior nesting) such that the non-nesting hotel luggage cart as shown U.S. Pat. No. D703,905 remains the industry standard. 
     Therefore, there exists a need in the art for an improved cart that overcomes these drawbacks. 
     The Figures depict in detail the various preferred embodiments of the several novel and non-obvious aspects of inventive features of the disclosed inventions. The inventive concepts are set forth in the claims, and are not limited to the preferred embodiments shown and depicted, but is of the full scope of the appended claims. 
     SUMMARY OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE DISCLOSED INVENTIONS 
     The preferred embodiments provide, among other things, carts that have larger and open access to the bottom shelf from the rear of the cart, a bottom shelf that is much larger relative to the size of the cart&#39;s basket and overall footprint, a bottom shelf that is not tapered in width toward the front of the cart as in the traditional cart, provides for easier nesting/stacking capability, a sleek, attractive appearance, improved child seat, an improved handle assembly that will accommodate various positions, a cup and accessory holder attached to the rear of the cart on or near the handle that can include strategically placed and easily accessible holders for cup(s), smart phone, and tablet devices), hooks on the outside of the cart basket for purses and reusable grocery bags, and dedicated space for prominently placed and visible on-cart advertising. 
     Unlike the traditional “Goldman-type” cart in which the carts are able to nest in telescoping fashion because the front wheels of the “male” cart slide in between the rear wheels of the “female” cart when nested, and the lower shelf of the “male” cart slides under the lower shelf of the “female” cart, the carts in the preferred embodiments herein have the opposite arrangement. In the embodiments herein disclosed, the front wheels of the cart are situated laterally wider than the rear wheels, and the bottom shelf portion or base frame structure of the cart is wider and higher toward the front of the cart than in the rear portion of the cart. 
     In another aspect shown in some of the preferred embodiments that have an upper basket-type structure above and attached to the base frame structure, the means for attaching the basket-type structure to the base frame structure can extend from the front portion of the base frame structure to the rear portion of the basket-like structure, thereby avoiding any obstacles that would preclude the front portion of the basket-like structure on the “male” cart from being able to slide into the rear portion of the basket-like structure on the “female” cart in the nested arrangement. 
     This allows for a wider front portion of the cart, and a larger front portion of the bottom shelf. The rear wheels in one preferred embodiment are located underneath the bottom shelf. The bottom shelf is larger, and thus capable of carrying more cargo. This is a benefit for the customer, and is also a benefit for the store owner who prefers the greater revenue-per-customer as that a larger, more fully filled cart will produce. 
     There are no “legs” or frame elements on the rear of the cart basket extending vertically or near-vertically downward to restrict the opening from the rear of the cart to the bottom shelf. This has the beneficial effect of providing unimpeded rear access to the bottom shelf, without any frame elements in the way to restrict access. This allows for more convenient access, and allows for larger, bulkier items to be loaded from the rear of the cart, without the customer having to move to the front of the cart, leaving kids, keys and purse unattended in the rear of the cart, and bothering other customers. 
     As shown and described herein, there are any number of ways to attach the basket-like structure to the base frame structure without departing from the inventive concepts claimed. In the ubiquitous “Goldman-type” cart, the basket-type structure is attached to the lower frame at the rear of both structures. While this arrangement allows for nesting of the carts, the attachment means in this arrangement create obstacles to full access to the bottom shelf from the rear of the cart. 
     Also disclosed and claimed is a hotel-type luggage cart that has a large, solid-piece floor board, large and unobstructed storage capability, and is capable of easy and compressed nesting, whereas the ubiquitous hotel luggage cart that is currently in use in hotels throughout the world are not capable of nesting, and therefore take up considerable floor space when not in use. 
     For the avoidance of doubt, the several inventions herein depicted and described are not limited to a cart having all or even a majority of these features, as any one or more of these features is believed to be entitled to patent protection standing alone. Nothing stated in this Summary section is intended to or should be interpreted to limit the full breadth and scope of the appended Claims. 
    
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 
         FIG. 1  is an isometric view of a stackable cart in one preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 2  is an isometric view of a stackable cart showing the bottom shelf. 
         FIG. 3  is right side view of a stackable cart in one preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 4  is a left side view of a stackable cart in one preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 5  is a rear view of a stackable cart in one preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 6  is a front view of a stackable cart in one preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 7  is a top view of a stackable cart in one preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 8  is a bottom view of a stackable cart in one preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 9  is an isometric view of a stackable cart in one preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 10  is an isometric view of a stackable cart in a second preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 11  is a right side view of a stackable cart in a second preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 12  is a left side view of a stackable cart in a second preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 13  is a rear view of a stackable cart in a second preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 14  is a front view of a stackable cart in a second preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 15  is a top view of a stackable cart in a second preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 16  is a bottom view of a stackable cart in a second preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 17  is an isometric view of the lower portion only of a stackable cart in a second preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 18  is a top view of the lower portion only of a stackable cart in a second preferred embodiment. 
         FIGS. 19 and 20  are isometric views of a preferred embodiment of a holder unit that is attachable to or near the handle portion of a shopping cart. 
         FIG. 21  is an isometric view of a stackable cart in a third preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 22  is an isometric view of a stackable cart in a fourth preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 23  is an isometric view of a stackable cart in a fifth preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 24  is an isometric view of a stackable cart in a sixth preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 25  is a right side view a stackable cart in a sixth preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 26  is an isometric view of a stackable cart in a seventh preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 27  is a right side view of a stackable cart in a seventh preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 28  is an isometric view of a stackable cart in an eighth preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 29  is a right side view of a stackable cart in an eighth preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 30  is an isometric view showing the holder unit in position near the handle of a shopping cart, and the pivoting handle unit. 
         FIG. 31  is a side view showing the holder unit in position near the handle of a shopping cart, and the pivoting handle unit. 
         FIG. 32  is an isometric view is a side view showing the holder unit in position near the handle of a shopping cart, and the pivoting handle unit in a partially elevated position. 
         FIG. 33  is a side showing the holder unit in position near the handle of a shopping cart, and the pivoting handle unit in a partially elevated position. 
         FIG. 34  is an isometric view of a similar to that in  FIG. 32 , but showing the adjustable handle rotated to a vertical position. 
         FIG. 35  is a side view of the component shown in  FIG. 34 . 
         FIG. 36  is an isometric view of the lower portion of a stackable cart showing the base and attachment plate to which the upper basket is attached that will allow for stacking. 
         FIG. 37  is similar to  FIG. 36 , and shows another embodiment of the attachment plate. 
         FIG. 38  is similar to  FIGS. 37 and 38 , and shows another embodiment of the attachment plate. 
         FIG. 39  is an isometric view showing another type of stackable cart (or trolley), this cart having a bottom shelf but no attached large basket as in the “grocery store” type carts show in preceding figures, more intended for use at “big box” stores and the like. This cart has a small basket attached to the handle portion of the cart. 
         FIG. 40  is a side view of the cart shown in  FIG. 39 . 
         FIG. 41  is a rear isometric view of the cart shown in  FIG. 39 . 
         FIG. 42  is a side view of the cart shown in  FIG. 39 , this view showing how multiple carts stack together in telescoping fashion. 
         FIG. 43  is an isometric view showing the cart similar to that shown in  FIG. 39 , but with a different type of basket attached to the handle, and different rear frame configuration. There are a myriad of ways in which the frame and basket arrangement can be configured without departing from the inventive concepts here in described, depicted and claimed. 
         FIG. 44  is a side view of the cart shown in  FIG. 43 . 
         FIG. 45  is an isometric rear view of the cart shown in  FIGS. 43 and 44 . 
         FIG. 46  is a side view of the cart shown in  FIGS. 43, 44 and 45 , this view showing how multiple carts stack together in telescoping fashion. 
         FIG. 47  is an isometric view showing the cart similar to that shown in  FIGS. 39 to 46 , but without any basket attached. 
         FIG. 48  is an isometric view of a type of stackable cart that would be useful as a hotel luggage cart, and provides a cart of similar utility and payload space as the conventional flat-bottom hotel luggage cart, but one that is fully stackable so as to take up much less storage and floor space when not in use. 
         FIG. 49  is another isometric of the cart shown in  FIGS. 48 . 
         FIG. 50  is a side view of the cart shown in  FIGS. 48 and 49 . 
         FIG. 51  is a side view of the cart shown in  FIGS. 48 and 49 . 
         FIG. 52  is a isometric view of the cart shown in  FIGS. 48 to 51 , this view showing how multiple carts stack together in telescoping fashion. 
         FIG. 53  is a side view of the cart shown in  FIGS. 48 to 51 , this view also showing how multiple carts stack or nest together in telescoping fashion. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     It should be noted that although actual and relative size(s) of the carts and their various components are either shown or discernable from the attached photographs and drawings, the inventive concepts disclosed may include, but are not limited to, any particular size or relative size(s) and types of carts and their components. Also, the word “cart” is used generically to refer to any wheeled vehicle used to transport cargo of any nature. Other terms, such as dolly, trolley, carriage, pushcart, shopping cart, etc., are also sometimes used by those skilled in the art. The consistent use of the word “cart” herein is not limiting in any fashion, and includes all other such and similar terms and terminology. The word “cargo” is also used herein in its generic and broadest connotation. The carts herein described and claimed can be used with any type of cargo, from groceries to hardware, and anything else under the sun that can be transported in or on a cart. Similarly, the phrase “in a/the cart” also means “on a/the cart” and includes every manner in which cargo can be loaded onto, into or attached to a cart for transportation. The word “ground” is also sometimes used herein to refer to the surface on which the cart is intended to move in order to transport cargo. The word “ground” is used in its generic sense and refers to any surface upon which a cart can be moved. As used herein, “front” in relationship to a cart or component generally refers to the portion of the cart that is furthermost forward in the typical forward direction of travel of the cart, and is furthest away from the handle portion of the cart where the person using (or pushing the cart) is located when pushing the cart. 
     The embodiment shown in  FIGS. 1 to 8  depicts a grocery-store type cart  10  that has an upper basket  12 . The upper basket  12  is an open-top box-type structure having lateral side  14   a  and  14 b, a front wall  16 , a rear-wall  18 , a mid-wall portion  20  and a bottom portion  21 . As in traditional carts, the mid-wall  20  is stationary, and the rear wall  18  is rotatably attached at its upper edge so that it can rotate up and out of the way to allow for nesting with other carts in which the front portion of the basket on one cart will slide into the rear portion of another cart and thus “nest” in telescoping fashion. Also, the overall shape of the basket  12  is tapered on all sides from rear to front to facilitate nesting in telescoping fashion in which the front portion of the basked of one cart can be freely and sufficiently deeply inserted in another cart&#39;s basket that is ahead of it in the nesting arrangement. 
     The cart  10  has a lower section or base section  22  that is comprised of the base frame  24  and a platform piece  26  that is attached to the base frame  24  in such a way as to provide a lower shelf onto which cargo can be loaded. 
     In this embodiment, the upper basket  12  is attached to the base frame  24  by a pair of side support struts  28   a  and  28   b.  Here, each strut  28  comprises a pair of elongate legs  30   a  and  30   b.  Including two separate legs  30  in each strut  28  increase stability, and makes for a more stable and secure attachment to the base frame  24  and the basket  12 . In this embodiment, the base frame  24  includes flanges  32   a  and  32   b  securely attached on either side of the frame, which provide the attachment platform for the struts  28 . The flanges  32  can also include a decorative and protective cover pieces  34   a  and  34   b  over the top of the flanges  32  to hide and protect the attachment point. 
     The other end of the struts  28  are attached in this embodiment to the underside of the rear portion of the basket  12 , and to side support flanges  36   a  and  36   b  as best seen in  FIG. 2 . The support flanges  36  can be separate pieces or a single piece component (as shown in  FIG. 5 ) that also extends across the entire width of the basket  12 . It will be noted that the struts  28  are attached to the base  22  near the front of the base  22  of cart  10 , and then the struts  28  extend diagonally rearwardly toward the rear of the cart  10 . It will be noted that this arrangement leaves the front area of the basket  12  fully exposed and unencumbered with any nearby or protruding structures that would prevent the front portion of the cart  10  from freely nesting into the basket of the cart ahead of it in the nesting position of multiple carts. It will also be noted that this arrangement of the struts  28  also leave the area between the real portion of the basket  12  and the rear portion of the base  22  also unencumbered, such that the access to the base platform (or shelf)  26  is completely open, and not constricted by any attachment structure, whereas in the still-ubiquitous Goldman-type design, the rear access to the bottom shelf is constricted by surrounding attachment and support structure(s). 
     In this embodiment, the cart  10  has four wheels, front wheels  38   a  and  38   b,  and rear wheels  40   a  and  40   b,  which are attached to the base structure  22  near the four respective corners of the base frame  24 . In order to allow the cart  10  to be turned easily to navigate through stores, up and down aisles, and avoid other carts, either or both of the sets of wheels should be able to spin about their around their vertical axis. 
     As best seen in  FIGS. 2, 5, 6 and 8 , the front wheels  38   a  and  38   b  are attached to the underside of the side flanges  32   a  and  32   b,  respectively. As the side flanges  32  extend out laterally from the base frame  24 , the front wheels  38   a  and  38   b.  As also best seen in those Figures, the rear wheels  40   a  and  40   b,  however, are attached to the sides of the base frame  24 . Because in this embodiment, the base frame  24  is substantially rectangular in shape with substantially parallel side portions, this results in the desired place of the front wheels  38   a  and  38   b  in terms of lateral distance between them relative to the lateral distance between the rear wheels  40   a  and  40   b,  as can best be seen in  FIG. 5 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 5 , the lateral distance between the rear wheels  40   a  and  40   b  relative to the lateral distance between the front wheels  38   a  and  38   b  is such that the front wheels  38   a  and  38   b  and easily slide past the rear wheels  40   a  and  40   b  in order to allow adjacent carts  10  to nest in a telescoping fashion. As will be apparent to a person of skill in the art (and to anyone who goes grocery shopping), this is completely different that the usual and ubiquitous shopping cart in which the front wheels are laterally narrower than the rear wheels. 
     As best seen in  FIGS. 3 and 4 , the base  22 , base frame  24  and the base platform  26  slant toward the back of the cart  10 , unlike the typical shopping and other similar carts in which the bottom shelf slants downwardly and becomes narrower toward the front of the cart. And, as best seen in  FIG. 8 , the base  22  of the cart  10  does the opposite. It slants downward toward the rear of the cart  10 , and it becomes wider toward the front of the cart  10 . The advantages of this this unique and against-conventional-wisdom arrangement contribute to the benefits of the inventive concepts herein disclosed as described above. 
     The cart shown can have large leg holes  42  to accommodate a small child riding in the “seat” portion of the basket  12 , and can have a front panel  44  for notices, announcements and advertising. The cart  10  is equipped with handle supports  46   a  and  46   b,  to which are attached a rotatable handle  48 , and as shown in  FIGS. 32 and 33 , can rotate through pre-determined locations to accommodate various height and comfort preferences for the cart users. 
     The cart  10  can also be equipped with a cup and accessory holder  50  (best seen in  FIGS. 19 and 20 ), and hooks  52  that can be used to hang purses and plastic bags. 
       FIGS. 9 through 17  show a similar cart  10 , but with a different structure for attaching the base frame  24  to the basket  12 , which maintaining the preferred nesting and back access to lower shelf benefits described above. In this embodiment, the support member  54  is a single structural element comprising a front yoke  56  the two legs of which are attached to the base frame  24 . As seen in  FIGS. 17 and 18  has a T-bone shaped support member  58  that extends from the yoke  54  toward the rear of the cart  10 , where it is attached to the underside of the basket  12 .  FIGS. 24 and 25  show a different arrangement in which the basket  12  is attached to the base frame  22  by means of a pair of legs  55   a  and  55   b.  Also seen in  FIGS. 24 and 25 , the front wheels  38   a  and  38   b  are not attached directly to the base frame  24 . In order to maintain the differential distance between the front wheels compared to the distance between the rear wheels, the base frame  24  can be wider at the front than the back, or the rear wheels can be attached to the base frame  24  or the base platform  26  more toward the center line of the cart  10 . There are, of course, other ways to size and shape the base frame  24 , the base platform  26  and/or the placement of the front and rear wheels in order to maintain the preferred relative distance differentials.  FIG. 26  shows another embodiment in which the basket  12  is attached to the base  22  by means of side arms  57 a and  57 b. 
       FIGS. 29 to 31 and 36 to 38  show different configuration of the support member  58  by which the basket  12  can be attached to the base frame  22  and still achieve the benefits described above. These Figures show that the attachment means can be of many different shapes, sizes, location and of any suitable material of sufficient strength and rigidity that the basket portion of the cart does not sink lower than preferred when the cart basket  12  is fully loaded. On the other hand, some flexibility may be desired so that it provides a shock absorber or cushioning effect if a child is in the cart seat. As carts are not nested or stacked unless empty, however, any flexibility will not adversely affect that operation. 
     Depending on customer preference, the base frame (or shelf)  24  can be square or rectangular to provide even greater carrying capability. The relative sizes and relationship of the basket  12  and base frame  24  can adjusted to fit store and/or customer preference for a larger bottom shelf space and more “headroom” in that shelf. 
       FIG. 39  shows a different type of cart  100  that does not have a basket. Rather this cart  100  is more adapted for use in “big box” stores. It comprises a base frame  102 , a base shelf  104  that is preferably constructed of sturdy cross-hatched wire to reduce weight and cost without sacrificing utility. Side struts  106   a  and  106   b  extends from the front portion of the base from  102  diagonally upwardly and rearwardly to form a rear bar  108  and a handle  110 . In this embodiment, a small wire basket  112  is attached between the struts  106   a  and  106   b  to hold smaller items. 
     As best seen in  FIGS. 40 and 41 , this cart  100  also has front wheels  114   a  and  114 b, and rear wheels  116   a  and  116   b  in which the lateral distance between them respectively allows the front wheels to slide over and outside the rear wheels in a nested-cart arrangement, and the front of the base frame  102  is higher in front, and lower in back, to allow the front of the base frame  102  to slide above the back of the base frame  102  in adjacent carts when in a nested arrangement. All this is shown in  FIG. 42 . 
       FIGS. 43 to 45  show a similar cart, but with a different basket  118 . As this clearly shows, any suitable size and shape basket that will fit within the struts  106  can be utilized.  FIG. 46  shows this embodiment of the cart in a multiple-cart nested arrangement.  FIG. 47  shows a similar cart  100 , but without any basket. 
     In all of the preferred embodiments shown, the front wheels are not only located “outside” the track of the rear wheels and “outside” the width of the rear portion of the bottom shelf frame, the front wheels are also larger in diameter than the rear wheels. This raises the front of the bottom base (shelf) frame to an elevation that is higher than the rear of the bottom base (shelf) frame. In one embodiment, the base frame is  3  inches above ground in the front, and only  1  inch above ground in the rear. This is not the only arrangement possible, and many difference arrangements and dimensions are possible. 
     Therefore, in the stacking or nesting operation, the front wheels and the front bottom shelf frame slide easily over and outside of the frame and rear wheels of the cart into which the first cart is being inserted. This provides for much easier stacking, which is not only more convenient for the person doing the stacking, but also helps reduce damage to the carts from the stacking operation. As is often seen, the stacking operation for traditional carts can sometimes require a significant force that can damage the cart. 
     The child seat portion of the cart has been designed in some embodiments to be safer and more comfortable than in the traditional cart. The openings in the carts rear panel for the child&#39;s legs are larger than typical, and have rounded edges for comfort. A child restraining belt (not shown) can be attached to either side of the cart, and each belt can connect to a buckle that extends upwardly between the child&#39;s legs. The potential for a momentarily unattended child standing up in the cart (and maybe falling out) is significantly reduced if not eliminated. 
     On the side portions of the basket, see-through sleeves (not shown) can be added into which advertising or other informational messages can be includes. 
       FIGS. 48 to 53  show a fully-nesting hotel-type luggage cart  200  in which there is a base  202  that includes a base frame  204  and full, solid-piece floor board  206 . In this embodiment, the base frame  204  and the floor board  206  are rectangular. As will we appreciated, other shapes can be used. A pair side flanges  208   a  and  208   b  are securely attached to the base frame  204  near the front of the cart  200 , and extend laterally outward from the base frame  204  to a position that is wider than the rear portion of the base frame  204 . As best seen in  FIG. 51 , a pair of front wheels  210   a  and  210   b  are attached respectively to the bottom of side flanges  208   a  and  208   b,  and a pair of rear wheels  212   a  and  212   b  are respectively attached to the base frame  204  itself at or near the rear corners of the base frame  204 . As also best seen in  FIG. 51 , this arrangement provides that the distance between the inside rims of the front wheels  210   a  and  210   b  is greater than the distance between the outside rims of rear wheels  212   a  and  212 b. This differential distances allows the front wheels  210   a  and  210   b  to be able to travel unrestrictedly past the rear wheels  212   a  and  212   b  thereby allowing multiple carts  200  to nest together in telescoping fashion as shown in  FIG. 52 . 
     In order for the carts  200  to be able properly nest in telescoping fashion, the front and rear portions of the base  202  must have a height differential. As best seen in  FIG. 50 , rear wheels  212   a  and  212   b  are smaller in diameter than front wheels  210   a  and  210   b.  This size differential results in the base  202  being slanted upward toward the front of the cart  200  a sufficient amount such that the bottom portion  214  of the base  202  at the front of the cart  200  is higher than the top portion  216  at the rear of the cart  200 . This allows the front portion of base  202  of the cart  200  to slide over the top of the rear portion of base  202  of a similar cart thereby allowing the cart to nest together in telescoping fashion. This height differential can of course be accomplished by other suitable means, and does not need to be done using wheels of different diameters. Also, it is preferred that at least one set of the wheels is rotatable around their vertical axis, and both sets can be made to do so if that is desired. 
     As best seen in  FIGS. 48 and 49 , in this embodiment of the luggage cart, a pair of struts  218   a  and  218   b,  each comprising a part of strut legs  220   a  and  220   b,  are securely attached to the top of side flanges  208   a  and  208   b  which are located at or near the front of the base  202 . The struts  218   a  and  218   b  do not need to have two legs and can be of any material and component(s) that provide for sufficient structure rigidity. The struts  218   a  and  218   b  extend upward diagonally toward the rear of the cart  200 , leaving a significant area of the base  202  free of any structure that might preclude proper nesting. 
     As best seen in  FIGS. 48, 49 and 50 , the legs  220   a  and  220   b  of struts  218   a  and  218   b  also form a structure at the rear of the cart which comprises cross-member  220  and hoop member  222 . U-shaped members  224  and  226  extend rearwardly from the hoop member  222 . These U-shaped members can act as the handle for the person using the cart  200 , and can also be used to store luggage and other personal items. A cross bar  228  having hooks  230  extends between the two vertical portion of hoop member  222  to provide additional storage capability, as does rod  232  that extends inwardly toward the front of the cart  200 . 
     As will be appreciated from this description, this luggage cart will provide all of the storage and stacking capability of the traditional hotel-type luggage cart, but in a fully-nesting design. 
     Other components, combinations of components, features, functions and benefits will be apparent to those of skill in the art from the above descriptions and the attached Figures, and many modifications to the components and their arrangement in the embodiments shown above are possible without departing or deviating from the inventive concepts and inventions set forth in the following claims.