Patent Publication Number: US-11391034-B2

Title: Installation and construction method of wall panel

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to an installation and construction method of a wall panel for installing the wall panel to a framework member, which is constituted of a pair of wooden columns and a wooden beam, in a wooden framework construction method. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     Conventionally, as bearing walls in wooden framework structures, there have been generally used bearing walls, each of which is formed by obliquely laying bracings to a framework member formed by installing a wooden beam to a pair of wooden columns; and bearing walls, each of which is formed by integrating a framework member and a bearing surface member such as structural plywood. In general, when the bearing wall in which the framework member and the bearing surface member are integrated is formed, the formation of the bearing wall is conducted in the following procedure: the framework member is formed by installing a wooden beam to the wooden columns; erection adjustment of the wooden columns is conducted; thereafter, the so-called common lumbers such as studs serving as a substrate member of the bearing surface member are installed to the framework member; and finally, the bearing surface member is fixed to the common lumbers and the framework member. On the other hand, there has been proposed a bearing wall structure which is formed by carrying a wall panel, in which common lumbers and a bearing surface member are previously integrated, in a construction site and directly fixing the wall panel to a framework member (for example, Patent Literatures 1 and 2). 
     CITATION LIST 
     Patent Literature 
     Patent Literature 1: JP 2016-125201 A 
     Patent Literature 2: JP 2010-121338 A 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Technical Problems 
     Incidentally, when the common lumbers and the bearing surface member are separately installed to the framework member, since it takes time to form the framework member, the construction of the common lumbers and the bearing surface member is usually conducted over two consecutive days from a construction date of the framework member. In addition, it is often the case that installation of the common lumbers and the bearing surface member which can be constructed in a manner of a post-construction is left until later, and in many cases, after the framework member has been formed and the erection adjustment work of the wooden columns has been conducted, priority is given to construction of an upstairs floor and formation of an upstairs framework member. However, since the construction of the common lumbers and the bearing surface member is conducted outdoors as with the construction of the framework member, the construction of the common lumbers and the bearing surface member is susceptible to weather, and when the construction of the common lumbers and the bearing surface member is conducted separately from the construction of the framework member, it is likely that the whole processes are influenced and a construction period is thereby extended. Furthermore, in a case of a framework panel construction method in which the framework member, the common lumbers, and the bearing surface member are integrated, frame conditions of the wooden beam of the framework member are frequently limited, which may be a cause to obstruct a projecting beam installed to configure a deep space under eaves. In order to address the above-described problems, a wall panel which is separated from the framework member and is constituted of only the common lumbers and the bearing surface member is used, so that a wall composite construction method, which causes no limitations on structural surfaces of the wooden beam constituting a floor slab and a roof, can be attained. 
     In addition, in the wall panel described in each of Patent Literatures 1 and 2, since the bearing surface members and the common lumbers are previously integrated, the bearing surface members and the common lumbers can be easily fixed to the framework member, and working hours can be shortened. However, when erection adjustment of the wooden columns of the framework member is attempted after fixation to the wall panel, movement of the framework member is often obstructed by the wall panel, and the adjustment is thereby inhibited from being smoothly conducted. 
     Hence, in view of the above-described problems, the present invention has been devised. It is an object of the present invention to provide an installation and construction method of a wall panel, in which the wall panel can be easily installed to a framework member formed by installing a wooden beam to a pair of wooden columns and erection of the wooden columns is not susceptible. 
     Solutions to the Problems 
     A first wall panel installation and construction method according to the present invention is an installation and construction method of a wall panel for installing the wall panel on a pair of wooden columns erected with a distance from each other and a wooden beam installed between the pair of wooden columns, 
     the wall panel including a surface member and a long joint member that extends horizontally, is fixed to one plate surface of the surface member, and is joined to the pair of wooden columns, 
     the wall panel installation and construction method comprising: 
     disposing the joint member between the pair of wooden columns; 
     joining both longitudinal ends of the joint member to respective side surfaces, facing each other, of the pair of wooden columns; 
     installing the wooden beam between the pair of wooden columns and adjusting erection of the wooden columns; and 
     fixing an edge of the surface member to front surfaces of the pair of wooden columns and the wooden beam. 
     A second wall panel installation and construction method according to the present invention, wherein 
     a joint metal fitting is fixed to each of the side surfaces, facing each other, of the pair of wooden columns, and 
     the joint member is joined to the pair of wooden columns by inserting an insertion portion of the joint metal fitting into each of cut grooves formed at both longitudinal ends of the joint member, and penetrating the joint member with a drift pin along with the insertion portion. 
     A third wall panel installation and construction method according to the present invention, wherein the wall panel is formed by connecting and fixing each of the surface members, adjacent vertically, with the joint member. 
     A fourth wall panel installation and construction method according to the present invention, wherein 
     the wall panel is formed by fixing the joint member to an upper end or a lower end of the surface member, and 
     the joint member is joined by the joint metal fitting with each longitudinal end of the joint member spaced by a predetermined distance from each of the side surfaces, facing each other, of the pair of wooden columns. 
     A fifth wall panel installation and construction method according to the present invention, wherein the cut groove is formed to penetrate the joint member from an upper end surface to a lower end surface of the joint member. 
     A sixth wall panel installation and construction method according to the present invention, wherein the wall panel further includes a stud and a lower frame member that are fixed to a plate surface of the surface member on a side where the joint member is fixed and reinforce the surface member. 
     In accordance with a first wall panel installation and construction method according to the present invention, since the wall panel installation and construction method comprises disposing the joint member of a wall panel between the pair of wooden columns, installing the wooden beam on the condition of joining both longitudinal ends of the joint member to respective side surfaces, facing each other, of the pair of wooden columns, adjusting erection of the wooden columns, and then fixing an edge of the surface member to front surfaces of the wooden columns and the wooden beam, adjusting erection of the wooden columns can be smoothly conducted without the movement of the wooden columns and the wooden beam being obstructed by the wall panel. In addition, since the framing of the wooden columns and the wooden beams, the erection adjustment of each of the wooden columns, and the construction of the wall panel can be performed at the same timing, the outdoor work time easily affected by weather can be shortened. 
     In accordance with a second wall panel installation and construction method according to the present invention, since a joint metal fitting is fixed to each of the side surfaces, facing each other, of the pair of wooden columns, and the joint member is joined to the pair of wooden columns by inserting an insertion portion of the joint metal fitting into each of cut grooves formed at both longitudinal ends of the joint member, 
     The marking work for the joint member to dispose the installation position to the wooden columns is not necessary, the joint member can be joined to the pair of wooden columns by disposing the wall panel which is a heavy member in an appropriate position, and workability can be enhanced. 
     In accordance with a third wall panel installation and construction method according to the present invention, since the wall panel is formed by connecting and fixing each of the surface members, adjacent vertically, with the joint member, the wall panel can be corresponded to a floor height by jointed the surface members to adjacent vertically. 
     In accordance with a forth wall panel installation and construction method according to the present invention, since the wall panel is formed by fixing the joint member to an upper end or a lower end of the surface member, the joint member can be used as a window sill or a window lintel when the opening is formed in the upper end or the lower end of the wall panel between the pair of wooden columns. Furthermore, the joint member is joined by the joint metal fitting with each longitudinal end of the joint member spaced by a predetermined distance from each of the side surfaces, facing each other, of the pair of wooden columns, a horizontal force acts on the pair of wooden columns, and when the part of the wooden columns which faces the opening and to which the surface member is not fixed has a larger amount of displacement in a horizontal direction than the part of the wooden columns to which the surface member is fixed, the part of the wooden columns which faces the opening and to which the surface member is fixed reduce the possibility to buckle in a brittle manner because a large amount of shear compressive force is transmitted to a part intersecting with the joint member. 
     In accordance with a fifth wall panel installation and construction method according to the present invention, since the cut groove is formed to penetrate the joint member from an upper end surface to a lower end surface of the joint member, the joint member can be easily inserted the insertion portion into the cut groove only by being dropped from above the joint metal fitting. 
     In accordance with a sixth wall panel installation and construction method according to the present invention, since the wall panel includes a stud and a lower frame member, so-called common lumbers that reinforce the surface member, it is not necessary to construct the surface member and common lumbers indivisuary in a construction site, therefore, workability can be enhanced. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a front view showing a bearing wall. 
         FIG. 2  is a sectional view of A-A in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 3A  is a front view showing a pair of wooden columns. 
         FIG. 3B  is an enlarged sectional view of a portion B in  FIG. 3A . 
         FIG. 4  is a perspective view showing a wooden beam and a first joining metal fitting. 
         FIG. 5  is a perspective view showing a wall panel. 
         FIG. 6  is a perspective view showing a state in which a wall panel is connected in a horizontal direction. 
         FIG. 7A  is a front view showing a bearing wall in which an opening is provided. 
         FIG. 7B  is an enlarged front view of a portion C in  FIG. 7A . 
         FIG. 8  is a perspective view showing a second joining metal fitting. 
         FIG. 9  is a perspective view showing a state in which a wall panel is joined to the second joining metal fitting. 
         FIG. 10  is a perspective view showing a state in which the wooden beam is joined to the pair of wooden columns. 
         FIG. 11  is a perspective view showing a state in which a surface member is fixed to the wooden beam and the pair of wooden columns. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     Hereinafter, embodiments of an installation and construction method of a wall panel according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The installation and construction method of the wall panel in the present application is a construction method used when an architectural structure having a wooden framework structure is built, wherein as illustrated in  FIG. 1 , is used to install a wall panel  3  to a framework member formed by installing a wooden beam  2  to a pair of wooden columns  1  and is mainly used to install the wall panel to a framework member located in a first floor outer peripheral portion of the architectural structure to form a bearing wall. It is to be noted that the installation and construction method of the wall panel in the present application is used not only in a case where the bearing wall of a building outer peripheral portion is formed but also in a case where a bearing wall or a normal partition wall inside a building is formed, and furthermore, the installation and construction method of the wall panel therein can be used for a bearing wall or a partition wall which is formed on a second or further upper floor, not limited for the bearing wall or the partition wall formed on the first floor. In each of the present embodiments, a case where a bearing wall  4  of an outer peripheral portion on a building first floor will be described. In addition, in the present application, a “front surface” is a surface which is visible and a “rear surface” is a surface on a side opposite to the “front surface” in  FIG. 1 . 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 1 and 2 , the bearing wall  4  is formed by fixing the wall panel  3 , obtained by connecting and fixing a plurality of surface members  31  with a joint member  32 , to a framing member made up of the wooden beam  2  and the pair of wooden columns  1  erected on the upper part of a foundation  5  with a distance therebetween. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 3A , the pair of wooden columns  1  are long vertical members erected on the upper end surface of the foundation  5  through column base metal fittings  6  fixed to the lower ends of the wooden columns  1 . Of the pair of wooden columns  1 , one wooden column  11  is formed longer than the other wooden column  12 . While a plurality of first through holes  11   b , which penetrate from a first side surface  11   a  facing the other wooden column  12  toward the side surface on the opposite side of the first side surface  11   a , are formed at the upper end, a plurality of second through holes  11   c , which also penetrate from the first side surface  11   a  toward the side surface on the opposite side of the first side surface  11   a , are formed at substantially the longitudinal center. In the other wooden column  12 , a plurality of third through holes  12   b , which penetrate from a second side surface  12   a  facing the one wooden column  11  toward the side surface opposite to the second side surface  12   a , are formed at a height matching the second through holes  11   c . Further, a dowel hole  12   b  extending from the upper end surface to the lower end surface is formed in the other wooden column  12 . By inserting a dowel  2   e  of the wooden beam  2  to be described later into the dowel hole  12   b , the wooden beam  2  can be locked to the other wooden column  12 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 3B , the column base metal fitting  6  is made up of a pedestal  61  that is fixed to the foundation  5  with an anchor bolt  51  projecting from the upper end surface of the foundation  5 , and a support  62  that supports the lower end of each of the wooden columns  11 ,  12  (the other wooden column  12  in the illustrated example). The column base metal fitting  6  is fixed integrally with each of the wooden columns  11 ,  12  by inserting an insertion plate  62   a  of the support  62 , which projects upward as illustrated in  FIG. 3A , into a cut groove (not illustrated) formed in the lower end of each of the wooden columns  11 ,  12 , and penetrating each of the wooden columns  11 ,  12  and the insertion plate  62   a  with a doft pin  91 . 
     The wooden beam  2  installed between the pair of wooden columns  1  illustrated in  FIG. 1  is a long horizontal member extending horizontally, and is made of a floor beam supporting an upper floor, a roof beam supporting a roof, or the like. As illustrated in  FIG. 4 , one longitudinal end of the wooden beam  2  can be joined to the one wooden column  11  with a first joint metal fitting  7  fixed to the one wooden column  11 . The one longitudinal end is formed with a first cut groove  2   a  having a substantially U-shape in a plan view, formed from one end toward the other end so as to be engaged with the first joint metal fitting  7 , and a fourth through hole  2   d  penetrating from a first front surface  2   b  to a first back surface  2   c  side opposite to the first front surface  2   b . To the lower end surface of the wooden beam  2  in contact with the other wooden column  12 , a bar-shaped dowel  2   e  projecting downward from the lower end surface is fixed. By inserting the dowel  2   e  into the dowel hole  12   b  of the other wooden column  12 , the wooden beam  2  can be locked to the other wooden column  12 . In the present embodiment, the frame with the one wooden column  11  set on the wooden beam  2  is formed, but there is no particular limitation, and a frame with the wooden beam  2  set on both the wooden columns  11 ,  12  may be formed. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 1 , the wall panel  3  is a panel member installed over the entire range surrounded by the pair of wooden columns  1  and the wooden beam  2 . As illustrated in  FIG. 5 , the wall panel  3  includes: two surface members  31 ; a long joint member  32  vertically connecting the surface members  31  and extending horizontally; and a stud  33  and a lower frame member  34  that are fixed to one plate surface  31   a  of each of the surface members  31  and serve as a base member for the surface member  31 . The wall panel  3  is carried into a construction site with these members having been assembled in advance at a factory. For the surface member  31 , a plate member such as structural plywood or particle board having excellent shearing performance is used, and the surface member  31  is formed to have a width of about 900 to 1000 mm and a height of about 3030 mm or less. Since the surface members  31  can be made into a panel corresponding to a floor height H of various heights illustrated in  FIG. 1  by being vertically connected to each other with the joint member  32 , the wall panel  3  can be formed using structural plywood or particle board of a general standard size, and can be made into a panel member excellent in convenience and economy. As illustrated in  FIG. 1 , the two surface members  31  connected and fixed with the joint member  32  cover respective front surfaces  11   d ,  12   c  of the pair of wooden columns  1  and a part of a front surface  2   d  of the wooden beam  2  and are fixed with locking tools  92  such as screws or nails. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 5 and 9 , the joint member  32  is disposed on the one plate surface  31   a  across the lower end of the upper surface member  31  and the upper end of the lower surface member  31 , and is fixed to each surface member  31  from the other plate surface  31   b  side with locking tools  92 . Further, the surface members  31  vertically adjacent to each other are connected to the joint member  32  with an interval of about 10 mm. In the joint member  32 , both longitudinal ends can be joined to the pair of wooden columns  1  with second joint metal fittings  8  that is fixed to the pair of wooden columns  1  illustrated in  FIG. 1 . As illustrated in  FIG. 5 , second cut grooves  32   c  and fifth through holes  32   e  are formed at both longitudinal ends, the second cut grooves  32   c  each having a substantially U-shape in a plan view, extending from both ends in a direction approaching each other, and penetrating from an upper end surface  32   a  to a lower end surface  32   b , the fifth through holes  32   e  penetrating from the surface in contact with the surface member  31  in a direction of the second back surface  32   d  on the opposite side. First fitting grooves  32   f  are formed in the upper and lower end surfaces of the joint member  32  in contact with the stud  33 , and the upper and lower ends of the studs  33  can be fitted into the grooves. A length L 1  of the joint member  32  illustrated in  FIG. 5  is formed to be shorter than a first distance L 2  from the first side surface  11   a  of the one wooden column  11  to the second side surface  12   a  of the other wooden column  12  illustrated in  FIG. 3 , and is desirably formed to be shorter by about 10 mm than the first distance L 2 , for example. With such a length, the joint member  32  can be easily installed on the pair of wooden columns  1 . 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 5 and 9 , the stud  33  is a vertical member disposed substantially at the widthwise center of each surface member  31 , and is a member fixed to the one plate surface  31   a  with the locking tools  92  or the like to reinforce the surface member  31 . The upper and lower ends of the stud  33  in contact with the joint member  32  are fitted into the first fitting grooves  32   f  of the joint portion  32 , and an L-angle  33   a  is fixed with screws to an inner corner part of the side surface of the upper stud  33  and the joint member  32  to be integrally connected with the joint member  32 . The lower frame member  34  is a horizontal member fixed to the lower end of the lower surface member  31 , and is fixed to the one plate surface  31   a  of the surface member  31  with the locking tools  92 , and the lower end of the lower stud  33  is fitted into a second fitting groove  34   a  formed in the upper end surface of the lower frame member  34 . When the span between the pair of wooden columns  1  exceeds 1000 mm, as illustrated in  FIG. 6 , the wall panels  3  can be horizontally connected to each other with half-columns  35  that are vertical members. The width of the wall panel  3  is desirably set to be compatible with the bearing wall  4  having a span between columns of 2000 mm or less, and with such a width, the wall panels  3  pre-set at the factory can be stacked flat and transported by a small truck (about 4 tons). 
     In the present embodiment, the surface members  31  are vertically connected and fixed with the joint members  32 , and the entire area surrounded by the pair of wooden columns  1  and wooden beams  2  is covered with the wall panel  3 . However, as shown in  FIG. 7A , the joint member  32  may be fixed to the upper end or the lower end of the surface member  31 , and the plurality of wall panels  3  may be vertically spaced between the pair of wooden columns  1  to form an opening O therebetween. In this case, the joint member  32  can be used as a window sill or a window lintel of the opening O. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 4 , the first joint metal fitting  7  is a substantially U-shaped metal fitting for fixing one longitudinal end of the wooden beam  2  to the one wooden column  11 . The first joint metal fitting  7  is made up of a first contact portion  7   a  fixed to the first side surface  11   a  of the one wooden column  11  with bolts  93 , and a pair of first insertion portions  7   b  projecting from both widthwise ends of the first contact portion  7   a  toward the other wooden column  12  and inserted into the first cut groove  2   a  of the wooden beam  2 . The first contact portion  7   a  and the first insertion portion  7   b  have substantially the same height as that of the wooden beam  2 . The first contact portion  7   a  is formed with a sixth through hole  7   c  penetrating in the thickness direction at a position that coincides with the first through hole  11   b  of the one wooden column  11  illustrated in  FIG. 3A . The tip of each of the first insertion portions  7   b  is formed with a seventh through hole  7   d  penetrating in the thickness direction at a position that coincides with the fourth through hole  2   d  of the wooden beam  2  when inserted into the wooden beam  2 . 
     A second joint metal fitting  8  illustrated in  FIG. 8  is a metal fitting for joining the joint member  32  of the wall panel  3  to each of the pair of wooden columns  1 , and is formed in a substantially U-shape in the same manner as the first joint metal fitting  7  described above. The second joint metal fitting  8  is made up of a second contact portion  8   a  that is fixed to each of the side surfaces, facing each other (the first side surface  11   a  in the illustrated example), of the pair of wooden columns  1  with bolts  93 , and a pair of second insertion portions  8   b  that project from both widthwise ends of the second contact portion  8   a  toward the facing wooden column and are inserted into the second cut groove  32   c  of the joint member  32 . The second contact portion  8   a  and the second insertion portion  8   b  have substantially the same height as that of the joint member  32 . An eighth through hole  8   c  penetrating in the thickness direction is formed in the second contact portion  8   a  at a position that coincides with the second through hole  11   c  and the third through hole  12   b  formed in each of the wooden columns  11 ,  12  illustrated in  FIG. 3 . A ninth through hole  8   d  penetrating in the thickness direction is formed at the tip of each of the second insertion portions  8   b  at a position that coincides with the fifth through hole  32   e  of the joint member  32  when inserted into the joint member  32 . 
     Next, an installation and construction method for the bearing wall  4  will be described. First, as illustrated in  FIG. 9 , the first joint metal fitting  7  and the second joint metal fitting  8  are installed on the pair of wooden columns  1  erected on the concrete foundation  5  placed at a construction site. As for the first joint metal fitting  7 , as illustrated in  FIG. 4 , the first joint metal fitting  7  is installed on the one wooden column  11  by bringing the first contact portion  7   a  of the first joint metal fitting  7  into contact with the first side surface  11   a  of the one wooden column  11 , penetrating the one wooden column  11  and the first contact portion  7   a  with the bolt  93  in a state where the first through hole  11   b  illustrated in  FIG. 3A  is aligned with the sixth through hole  7   c , and fastening with a nut  94 . As for the second joint metal fitting  8 , as shown in  FIGS. 2 and 8 , the second joint metal fitting  8  is installed on the pair of wooden columns  1  by bringing the second contact portion  8   a  on each of the side surfaces  11   a ,  12   a , facing each other, of the pair of wooden columns  1 , penetrating each of the wooden columns  11 ,  12  and the second contact portion  8   a  with the bolt  93  in a state where each of the through holes  11   c ,  12   b  formed in the wooden columns  11 ,  12  is aligned with the eighth through hole  8   c , and fastening with the nut  94 . 
     Subsequently, as illustrated in  FIG. 9 , the joint member  32  of the wall panel  3  is dropped from above the second joint metal fitting  8 , the second insertion portion  8   b  of the second joint metal fitting  8  is inserted into the second cut groove  32   c , the fifth through hole  32   e  and the ninth through hole  8   d  of the second insertion portion  8   b  are penetrated with the drift pin  91  from the second back surface  32   d  side of the joint member  32  illustrated in  FIG. 8 , and the joint member  32  is locked to the pair of wooden columns  1  as illustrated in  FIG. 9 . As described above, since the joint member  32  is formed to have a smaller length than the first distance L 2  between the pair of wooden columns  1 , the joint member  32  can be easily installed between the pair of wooden columns  1 . Further, since the second joint metal fitting  8  is installed on each of the wooden columns  11 ,  12  before the installation of the wall panel  3 , the joint member  32  can be easily positioned, and since the second cut groove  32   c  of the joint member  32  is penetrated from the upper end surface to the lower end surface, the joint member  32  can be easily fitted into the second joint metal fitting  8  only by being dropped from above the second joint metal fitting  8 . At this stage, the wall panel  3  is in a state where the joint member  32  is only locked to each of the wooden columns  11 ,  12 , and the surface member  31  is not fixed to each of the wooden columns  11 ,  12 . 
     Next, as illustrated in  FIG. 4 , the first contact portion  7   a  of the first joint metal fitting  7  installed in the pair of wooden columns  11  is inserted into the first cut groove  2   a  of the wooden beam  2 , the fourth through hole  2   d  and the seventh through hole  7   d  of the first insertion portion  7   b  are penetrated from the first back surface  2   c  side of the wooden beam  2  with the drift pin  91  to lock one longitudinal end of the wooden beam  2  to the one wooden column  11 , and the dowel  2   e  projecting from the lower end of the wooden beam  2  is inserted into the dowel hole  12   b  of the other wooden column  12  to install the wooden beam  2  between the pair of the wooden columns  1 . In the present embodiment, the wooden beam  2  is installed on each of the wooden columns  11 ,  12  by using the first joint metal fitting  7  and the dowel  2   e , but other metal fittings may be used so long as the wooden beams  2  can be installed. 
     The pair of wooden columns  1  erected on the foundation  5  are affected by the construction accuracy of the upper end surface of the foundation  5  formed at the construction site, and hence the pair of wooden columns  1  need to be subjected to erection adjustment at the stage where the wooden beam  2  is installed therebetween. At this time, as described above, although the joint member  32  of the wall panel  3  is locked to the pair of wooden columns  1  by the second joint metal fitting  8 , the surface member  31  is not fixed to each of the wooden columns  11 ,  12  and is not connected to the wooden beam  2 . Therefore, the movements of each of the wooden columns  11 ,  12  and the wooden beam  2  are not inhibited by the wall panel  3 , and the erection adjustment of each of the wooden columns  11 ,  12  can be performed smoothly. Further, since the frame of the wooden beam  2  is not restricted by the wall panel  3 , it is possible to maintain the degree of freedom in design, such as laying another wooden beam or a horizontal member on the wooden beam  2 . After the erection adjustment of each of the wooden columns  11 ,  12  is completed, as shown in  FIG. 11 , the surface member  31  of the wall panel  3  is finally fixed to the respective front surfaces  11   d ,  12   c  of the pair of wooden columns  1  and the front surface  2   b  of the wooden beam  2  with the locking tools  92 , to complete the bearing wall  4 . 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 7A and 7B , when the opening O is provided at the upper or lower portion of the wall panel  3 , it is desirable that each longitudinal end of the joint member  32  be spaced from each of the first side surface  11   a  and the second side surface  12   a  by a predetermined distance to form a gap S. Generally, when the opening O is provided between the pair of wooden columns  1 , the part of each of the wooden columns  11 ,  12  which faces the opening O and to which the surface member  31  is not fixed has lower rigidity than the part of each of the wooden columns  11 ,  12  to which the surface member  31  is fixed, and has a large amount of vertical displacement when receiving a horizontal force. Thus, when a horizontal force acts on the pair of wooden columns  1 , each of the wooden columns  11 ,  12  facing the opening O is likely to buckle because a shear compressive force is transmitted to a part intersecting with the joint member  32 . However, by forming the gap S as thus described, it is possible to prevent to some extent each of the wooden columns  11 ,  12  facing the opening O from being strongly pressed against the edge of the joint member  32  and buckling in a brittle manner. Further, a separation distance L 3  between the edge of the joint member  32  and each side surface (the second side surface  12   a  in the illustrated example) of each of the wooden columns  11 ,  12  illustrated in  FIG. 7B  is preferably about 5 mm. This distance can reduce the possibility that the wooden columns  11 ,  12  facing the opening O buckle in a brittle manner. 
     As thus described, in the wall panel installation and construction method of the present application, since the wall panel  3  does not obstruct the movement of the framing member, the framing of the pair of wooden columns  1  and the wooden beams  2 , the erection adjustment of each of the wooden columns  11 ,  12 , and the construction of the wall panel  3  can be performed at the same timing, and the outdoor work time easily affected by weather can be shortened. Since the joint member  32  is joined to the pair of wooden columns  1  with the second joint metal fittings  8 , the wall panel  3  can be easily positioned as compared to the case of fixing the wall panel  3  to each of the wooden columns  11 ,  12  only with nails or screws, thereby improving the attachment accuracy. Further, the wall panel installation and construction method of the present invention is applicable not only to the case of forming a bearing wall on the outer periphery of a building but also to the case of forming a bearing wall and a partition wall inside a building, and can thus be a construction method excellent in convenience. 
     Embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and appropriate modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the concept of the present invention. 
     INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY 
     An installation and construction method of a wall panel according to the present invention can be favorably used when a bearing wall of a building outer peripheral portion is formed. 
     DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE SIGNS 
     
         
           1  a pair of wooden columns 
           11  each of the wooden columns 
           11   a  first side surfaces of each of the wooden columns 
           12  the other wooden columns 
           12   a  the second side surface of the other wooden columns 
           2  wooden beam 
           3  a wall panel 
           31  surface member 
           32  joint member 
           32   a  upper end surface (of the joint member) 
           32   b  lower end surface (of the joint member) 
           32   c  second cut groove (cut groove) 
           33  stud 
           34  lower frame member 
           8  second joint metal fitting (joint metal fitting)