Patent Publication Number: US-11658730-B2

Title: System and method for controlling transmission power by a next generation new radio repeater

Description:
RELATED APPLICATION 
     The patent application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/662,257 filed on Oct. 24, 2019, titled “SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ADJUSTING A TRANSMISSION POWER LEVEL OF A NEXT GENERATION NEW RADIO REPEATER” (as amended), the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND INFORMATION 
     To satisfy the needs and demands of wireless communication users, service providers continue to enhance and expand the services offered as well as the networks delivering such services. One such enhancement includes the development of Next Generation wireless systems designed to operate in the higher frequency ranges. Such systems are expected to transmit and receive in the GHz band, also known as the millimeter (mm) wave spectrum, with a broad bandwidth near 500-1,000 MHz. The bandwidth of Next Generation wireless systems is expected to support download speeds of up to about 35-50 Gigabits per second. Next Generation wireless systems, such as Fifth Generation (5G) systems, are expected to enable a higher utilization capacity than current wireless systems, permitting a greater density of wireless users, at a lower latency. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    is a diagram illustrating an environment according to an implementation described herein; 
         FIG.  2    is a diagram illustrating an exemplary system that includes the repeater device of  FIG.  1    according to an implementation described herein; 
         FIG.  3    is a diagram illustrating exemplary components of a device that may be included in a component of  FIG.  1    according to an implementation described herein; 
         FIG.  4    is a diagram illustrating exemplary components of the controller of  FIG.  2    according to an implementation described herein; 
         FIG.  5    is a diagram illustrating exemplary components of the cell database of  FIG.  4    according to an implementation described herein; 
         FIG.  6    is a flowchart of a process for controlling transmission power levels according to an implementation described herein; and 
         FIG.  7    is a diagram of an exemplary signal flow according to an implementation described herein. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in different drawings identify the same or similar elements. The following detailed description does not limit the invention, which is defined by the claims. 
     As communication networks and services increase in size, complexity, and number of users, management of the communication networks has become more complex. One way in which wireless access networks are continuing to become more complicated is by incorporating various aspects of advanced wireless systems, such as Fifth Generation (5G) service networks, utilizing high frequency bands, and/or lower frequency bands such as Sub 6 GHz, and a large number of antennas. 5G New Radio (NR) millimeter (mm) wave technology may provide significant improvements in bandwidth and/or latency over other wireless network technology. 
     The 5G NR mm-wave air interface may provide a high data throughput in comparison to the data throughput of a 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) air interface. To take advantage of the high bandwidths available via the 5G NR air interface, a provider of communication services may deploy stationary or fixed wireless access (FWA) devices to provide telecommunication services, such as Internet service that includes Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), video streaming, live gaming, Internet browsing, etc. Thus, instead of a wired electrical connection (e.g., a coaxial cable connection, etc.) or an optical connection (e.g., an optical network terminal (ONT) to an optical fiber, etc.), an FWA device may connect a customer to a service network through one or more wireless stations (or access units) via over-the-air (OTA) signals. The FWA device may function as a UE device with respect to the wireless stations. Thus, an FWA device may be installed in a fixed location at the customer premises, such as a residence, an apartment building, an office building, etc. 
     However, because of the high mm-wave frequencies, the 5G NR signals may be susceptible to intermittent, degradations due to multipath wave propagation and fading, as a result of building penetration losses; scattering from terrain objects, such as buildings, foliage, landscaping, vehicles, signage, etc.; reflection from bodies of water; ionospheric reflection and/or refraction; atmospheric attenuation and scattering; and/or other types of signal interference. For example, modern glass (e.g., windows, doors, etc.) in buildings often have metallic type coatings to aid in thermal transfer characteristics (i.e., to reflect infrared radiation but let light through). These same coatings may significantly attenuate 5G radio frequency (RF) signals, thereby, limiting the reach of 5G cell sites within such buildings. 
     Such variations in signal quality may be particularly important in areas with a low density of 5G coverage, such as an area with the initial deployment of 5G wireless stations. Thus, many locations in a cell serviced by a 5G NR wireless station, such as a customer premises location where an FWA device is to be installed, may not receive 5G NR signals of sufficient strength or quality to satisfy a service requirement. In current wireless systems, the typical distance between adjacent base stations (e.g., eNodeB or eNB) is about 1.5-3.2 km. In contrast, for advanced wireless systems, such as 5G systems, the distance between adjacent base stations (e.g., gNodeB or gNB) may need to be reduced to about 200-1000 m. Therefore, next generation wireless systems may need as many as one hundred times the number of wireless stations as compared to current wireless systems. 
     The signal strength at an FWA device at a particular location may be increased through the placement of a radio frequency (RF) repeater device between the FWA device and the 5G NR wireless station. An RF repeater device may extend the range of transmitted wireless signals. The RF repeater device may receive wireless signals from a wireless station, amplify the received wireless signals, and re-broadcast the amplified wireless signals toward the FWA device. Similarly, the RF repeater device may receive wireless signals from the FWA device, amplify the received wireless signals, and re-broadcast the amplified wireless signals toward the wireless station. 
     An RF repeater device may not be enabled to control downlink and/or uplink transmission power levels for enabling communication between an FWA UE device and each of a number of 5G wireless stations. That is, an RF repeater device may not support closed loop NR uplink power control with the wireless station. As such, the RF repeater device may not be able to determine which RF signals are received from a nearby 5G wireless station (e.g., about 20-30 m), and which RF signals are received at the edge of a cell serviced by a 5G wireless station (e.g., about 100-500 m). As a result, for example, the RF repeater device may use a default transmission power level that may be set at a maximum amplified gain value for all uplink transmissions, such that the over-amplified uplink signals transmitted to a nearby 5G wireless station may cause the 5G wireless station to experience a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) degradation for less powerful uplink signals received from other mobile UE and/or CPE UE located at the cell&#39;s edge. If such conditions persist system wide, the 5G uplink system coverage may not be extended but reduced. 
     Implementations described herein relate to an RF repeater device. An RF repeater device may include logic to dynamically control its uplink transmission power levels for signals sent to 5G NR wireless stations. In one embodiment, the RF repeater device may be configured to use information regarding the power associated with downlink signals received from a 5G wireless station to select a particular uplink transmission power level for the 5G wireless station. In another embodiment, the RF repeater device may be configured to use transmit power control (TPC) command parameters received from an FWA UE to select a particular uplink transmission power level for the 5G wireless station. 
     When first powered up, the RF repeater device may enter a power-up state and check to see if an FWA device, with which the repeater device has been paired, has entered a powered-on state. The RF repeater device and the FWA device may be paired through a short-range wireless communication connection, such as a WiFi or Bluetooth® connection. During the pairing, the RF repeater device may receive an identifier associated with the FWA device via the short-range wireless communication connection. If the FWA device is in the powered-on state, the RF repeater device may enter an acquisition state in which the RF repeater device may receive a reference signal (e.g., a synchronization signal block (SSB)) transmitted from one or more 5G NR wireless stations. 
     Thus, the RF repeater device may be configured to establish a communication channel with an FWA device associated with a CPE network, scan for 5G NR reference signals from a wireless station associated with a cell, receive TPC command parameters for the wireless station from the FWA device via the communication channel, and transmit signals from the FWA device to the wireless station at a transmission power level corresponding to the TPC command parameters. The RF repeater device may store the TPC command parameters as a transmission power level profile for the wireless station for subsequent transmissions to the wireless station. 
     The TPC command parameters may be determined, by a serving wireless station based on, for example, a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) value, a Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) value, a Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) value, a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) value, a signal to noise ratio (SNR) value, a block error rate (BLER) value, an amplifier gain setting value, a channel state information (CSI) report (including, e.g., Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), Rank Indicator (RI), etc.), and/or another type of signal characteristic value. The FWA device may parse the TPC command parameters from the serving wireless station and forward TPC command parameters to the RF repeater device. The RF repeater device may adjust its transmission power/gain for uplink signals to the serving wireless station while satisfying any service threshold requirements. 
     In some embodiments, the adjusted transmission power levels for uplink signals may approximately correspond to a relative distance and/or a path loss between respective RF repeater devices and serving wireless stations. For example. an RF repeater device that is located proximate to serving wireless station and experiences lower path loss may use a lower transmission power level for uplink signals than an RF repeater device that is located relatively far from the serving wireless station (e.g., near the cell edge) and experiences higher path loss. In this way, overload conditions may be avoided at the serving wireless station (e.g., gNB). 
     The RF repeater device may be mounted on and/or near structural interfaces (e.g., windows, walls, glass doors, roofs, etc.). The RF repeater device may include an outdoor unit that attaches to an exterior surface of a structure, for example, where RF signals are measured or calculated to be powerful enough to penetrate the exterior. Additionally or alternatively, the RF repeater device may include an indoor unit that attaches to an interior surface of the structure, for example, where RF signals are measured or calculated to be powerful enough to penetrate the exterior but too weak when received at CPE UE. The RF repeater device may include an antenna, such as, for example, a phased array antenna, that transmits RF signals to, and receives RF signals from, other nodes in the wireless network (e.g., wireless stations or an FWA UE device, etc.). 
     When implemented at or near a structural interface within a geographic area, the RF repeater device extends the range of 5G cell sites within a wireless network. The RF repeater device, thus, may improve signal strength, SINR, and/or throughput within the wireless network while avoiding overload conditions at the serving 5G wireless station. Additionally, when extending the range of 5G cell sites, the RF repeater device can increase cell spacing, thereby reducing the amount of needed cell site infrastructure (e.g., fewer wireless stations) within a given region. 
       FIG.  1    is a diagram of an exemplary environment  100  in which the systems and/or methods, described herein, may be implemented. As shown in  FIG.  1   , environment  100  may include a customer premises equipment (CPE) network  110 , a repeater device  125 , a wireless network  140 , and a data network  170 . 
     CPE network  110  may include a local area network (LAN) associated with a customer&#39;s premises. For example, CPE network  110  may be located at or within a customer&#39;s residence, in an apartment building, in a school, in a commercial office building, in a shopping mall, in a connected mass transit vehicle (e.g., bus, train, plane, boat, etc.), and/or in another type of location associated with a customer of a provider of telecommunication services. CPE network  110  may receive services via a wireless connection between an FWA device  120  and a data network  170 , such as, for example, a television service, Internet service, and/or voice communication (e.g., telephone) service. CPE network  110  may be implemented as a gigabit network that enables gigabit speed connections. CPE network  110  may include FWA device  120 , a CPE controller  130 , WiFi access points (APs)  132 -A to  132 -N (referred to herein collectively as “WiFi APs  132 ” and individually as “WiFi AP  132 ”), and user devices  134 -A to  134 -M (referred to herein collectively as “user devices  134 ” and individually as “user device  134 ”). 
     FWA device  120  may be installed in a particular location at, or near, the customer premises, such as a building&#39;s exterior (e.g., on a roof, attached to an outside wall, attached to a window  128 , etc.) or a building&#39;s interior (e.g., next to window  128  or at another location associated with good wireless signal reception). FWA device  120  may be configured to attach to, and communicate with, wireless network  140  and may be perceived as a user equipment (UE) device by wireless network  140 . FWA device  120  may be configured to communicate via any type of air interfaces or a combination of air interfaces, such as e.g., both a 4G LTE air interface and a 5G NR air interface. 
     CPE controller  130  may include a network device configured to function as a type of switch and/or router for devices in CPE network  110 . CPE controller  130  may connect devices in CPE network  110  to FWA device  120 . CPE controller  130  may include a layer  2  and/or layer  3  network device, such as a switch, router, firewall, and/or gateway and may support different types of interfaces, such as an Ethernet interface, a WiFi interface, a Multimedia over Coaxial Alliance (MoCa) interface, and/or other types of interfaces. CPE controller  130  may further manage WiFi APs  132  and/or user devices  134  connected to WiFi APs  132 . 
     WiFi AP  132  may include a transceiver configured to communicate with user devices  134  using WiFi signals, such as those based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standards for implementing a wireless LAN network. WiFi AP  132  may enable user devices  134  to communicate with each other and/or with FWA device  120  via CPE controller  130 . WiFi AP  132  may be connected to CPE controller  130  via a wired connection (e.g., an Ethernet cable). Furthermore, WiFi APs  132  may include one or more Ethernet ports for connecting user devices  134  via a wired Ethernet connection. In some implementations, FWA device  120  may include, and/or perform the functions of, CPE controller  130  and/or WiFi AP  132 . 
     User device  134  may include any computer device that connects to a particular WiFi AP  132  using WiFi wireless signals. For example, user device  134  may include a handheld wireless communication device (e.g., a mobile phone, a smart phone, a phablet device, etc.); a wearable computer device (e.g., a head-mounted display computer device, a head-mounted camera device, a wristwatch computer device, etc.), a global positioning system (GPS) device; a laptop computer, a tablet computer, or another type of portable computer; a desktop computer; a set-top box or a digital media player (e.g., Apple TV, Google Chromecast, Amazon Fire TV, etc.); a smart television; a portable gaming system; a home appliance device; a home monitoring device; and/or any other type of computer device with wireless communication capabilities. User device  134  may be used for voice communication, mobile broadband services (e.g., video streaming, real-time gaming, premium Internet access etc.), best effort data traffic, and/or other types of applications. As another example, user device  134  may correspond to an embedded wireless device that communicates wirelessly with other devices over a machine-to-machine (M2M) interface using machine-type communication (MTC) and/or another type of M2M communication. 
     Wireless network  140  may provide access to data network  170  for wireless devices, such as FWA device  120 . Wireless network  140  may enable FWA device  120  to connect to data network  170  for mobile telephone service, Short Message Service (SMS) message service, Multimedia Message Service (MMS) message service, Internet access, cloud computing, and/or other types of data services. 
     Wireless network  140  may establish or may be incorporated into a packet data network connection between FWA device  120  and data network  170  via one or more Access Point Names (APNs). If wireless network  140  includes a 5G SA architecture that implements network slicing, wireless network  140  may establish a packet data network connection between FWA  120  and a particular network data network via a Data Network Name (DNN). Thus, wireless network  140  may establish an Internet Protocol (IP) connection between FWA device  120  and data network  170  or another network reachable via data network  170 . Furthermore, wireless network  140  may enable FWA device  120  to communicate with an application server, and/or another type of device, located in data network  170  using a communication method that does not require the establishment of an IP connection between FWA device  120  and data network  170 , such as, for example, Data over Non-Access Stratum (DoNAS). 
     In some implementations, wireless network  140  may include an LTE access network (e.g., an evolved packet core (EPC) network). In other implementations, wireless network  140  may include a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) access network. For example, the CDMA access network may include a CDMA enhanced High Rate Packet Data (eHRPD) network (which may provide access to an LTE access network). 
     Furthermore, wireless network  140  may include an LTE Advanced (LTE-A) access network and/or a 5G access network or other advanced network that includes functionality such as carrier aggregation; higher-order modulation schemes, such as 256 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), 1024-QAM, etc.; advanced or massive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) configurations (e.g., a 4×4 antenna configuration, an 8×8 antenna configuration, a 16×16 antenna configuration, a 256×256 antenna configuration, etc.); cooperative MIMO (CO-MIMO); relay stations; Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets) of overlapping small cells and macrocells; Self-Organizing Network (SON) functionality; MTC functionality, such as 1.4 MHz wide enhanced MTC (eMTC) channels (also referred to as category Cat-M1), Low Power Wide Area (LPWA) technology such as Narrow Band (NB) IoT (NB-IoT) technology, and/or other types of MTC technology; and/or other types of LTE-A and/or 5G functionality. 
     Wireless network  140  may include LTE EPC network elements, such as a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving Gateway (SGW), a Packet Data Network Gateway (PGW), a Home Subscriber Server (HSS), a Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF), and/or other EPC network elements. In other implementations, wireless network  140  may include a 5G Standalone (SA) architecture that includes 5G network functions such as an Access and Mobility Function (AMF), a User Plane Function (UPF), a Session Management Function (SMF), an Application Function (AF), a Unified Data Management (UDM), a Policy Control Function (PCF), a Network Repository Function (NRF), a Network Exposure Function (NEF), a Network Slice Selection Function (NSSF), and/or other 5G SA network elements. Furthermore, the 5G SA network may be configured to implement network slicing. 
     5G NR coverage may initially be deployed as islands relative to existing air interface coverage. Thus, areas with 5G NR coverage may also provide existing 4G LTE coverage, and UE devices enabled to communicate using 5G NR may be able to attach to both a 4G wireless station and a 5G wireless station. A UE device may be simultaneously attached to a master cell group (MCG), also known as a master eNodeB, and a secondary cell group (SCG), also known as a secondary eNodeB. If 5G NR coverage is available, the SCG may correspond to a 5G NR wireless station, referred to as a gNodeB. Dual coverage using 4G and 5G networks may be referred to as Non-Standalone (NSA) architecture. 
     Thus, as described herein, wireless network  140  may include a 4G wireless station (e.g., an eNodeB (not shown)) and a 5G wireless station  160  (e.g., a gNodeB). The 4G wireless station and 5G wireless station  160  may each include one or more RF transceivers that include devices and/or components configured to enable wireless communication with FWA devices  120 . The 4G wireless station may be configured to communicate with FWA device  120  using a 4G LTE air interface. 5G wireless station  160  may be configured to communicate with FWA device  120  using a 5G NR air interface, such as, for example, a service area or cell  150 - 1  to  150 - x  (referred to herein collectively as “cells  150 ” and individually as “cell  150 ”). For example, 5G wireless station  160  may include one or more antenna arrays configured to send and receive wireless signals in the mm-wave frequency range via cells  150 . 
     FWA device  120  may communicate with 5G wireless station  160  via repeater device  125 . Repeater device  125  may receive 5G NR signals from 5G wireless station  160 , amplify the received 5G NR signals, and transmit the amplified signals toward FWA device  120 . Similarly, repeater device  125  may receive 5G NR signals from FWA device  120 , amplify the received 5G NR signals, and transmit the amplified signals toward 5G wireless station  160 . FWA device  120  may implement an algorithm or logic that calculates optimum uplink (UL) transmission power levels based on, for example, TPC command parameters received from FWA device  120  or a UL transmission power profile for 5G wireless station  160  retrieved from storage. Repeater device  125  and FWA device  120  may be paired through a short-range wireless communication connection  126 , such as a WiFi or Bluetooth® connection. 
     Data network  170  may include, and/or be connected to and enable communication with, a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN), an optical network, a cable television network, a satellite network, a wireless network (e.g., a CDMA network, a general packet radio service (GPRS) network, and/or an LTE network), an ad hoc network, a telephone network (e.g., the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) or a cellular network), an intranet, or a combination of networks. Some or all of data network  170  may be managed by a provider of communication services that also manages wireless access network  140 , FWA device  120 , and/or repeater device  125 . Data network  170  may allow the delivery of Internet Protocol (IP) services to FWA device  120  and may interface with other external networks. Data network  170  may include one or more server devices and/or network devices, or other types of computation or communication devices. In some implementations, data network  170  may include an IP Multimedia Sub-system (IMS) network (not shown in  FIG.  1   ). An IMS network may include a network for delivering IP multimedia services and may provide media flows between FWA device  120  and external IP networks or external circuit-switched networks (not shown in  FIG.  1   ). 
     Although  FIG.  1    shows exemplary components of environment  100 , in other implementations, environment  100  may include fewer components, different components, differently arranged components, or additional functional components than depicted in  FIG.  1   . Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components of environment  100  may perform functions described as being performed by one or more other components of environment  100 . 
       FIG.  2    is a diagram illustrating an exemplary system  200  that includes repeater device  125 . As shown in  FIG.  2   , system  200  may include 5G station  160 , repeater device  125 , and FWA device  120 . Repeater device  125  may include a controller  210 , a signal processing unit  220 , and an antenna assembly  230 . Controller  210  may control the operation of repeater device  125 . Exemplary components of controller  210  are described below with reference to  FIG.  4   . Signal processing unit  220  may include elements to amplify signals received from 5G wireless station  160  before transmitting the signals toward FWA device  120 . Additionally or alternatively, signal processing unit  220  may include elements to amplify signals received from FWA device  120  before transmitting the signals toward 5G wireless station  160 . 
     Antenna assembly  230  may include an array of controllable antenna elements configured to send and receive wireless signals, such as 5G NR signals. Antenna array  230  may also enable controller  210  to communicate with FWA device  120  using LTE, for example, or a short-range wireless communication signals, via connection  126  such as a WiFi or Bluetooth connection to pair repeater device  125  with FWA device  120 . 
     Although  FIG.  2    shows exemplary components of system  200 , in other implementations, system  200  may include fewer components, different components, differently arranged components, or additional functional components than depicted in  FIG.  2   . 
       FIG.  3    is a diagram illustrating example components of a device  300  according to an implementation described herein. FWA device  120 , repeater device  125 , CPE controller  130 , WiFi AP  132 , user device  134 , and/or 5G wireless station  160  may each include one or more devices  300 . As shown in  FIG.  3   , device  300  may include a bus  310 , a processor  320 , a memory  330 , an input device  340 , an output device  350 , and a communication interface  360 . 
     Bus  310  may include a path that permits communication among the components of device  300 . Processor  320  may include any type of single-core processor, multi-core processor, microprocessor, latch-based processor, and/or processing logic (or families of processors, microprocessors, and/or processing logics) that executes instructions. In other embodiments, processor  320  may include an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), and/or another type of integrated circuit or processing logic. 
     Memory  330  may include any type of dynamic storage device that may store information and/or instructions, for execution by processor  320 , and/or any type of non-volatile storage device that may store information for use by processor  320 . For example, memory  330  may include a random access memory (RAM) or another type of dynamic storage device, a read-only memory (ROM) device or another type of static storage device, a content addressable memory (CAM), a magnetic and/or optical recording memory device and its corresponding drive (e.g., a hard disk drive, optical drive, etc.), and/or a removable form of memory, such as a flash memory. 
     Input device  340  may allow an operator to input information into device  300 . Input device  340  may include, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a pen, a microphone, a remote control, an audio capture device, an image and/or video capture device, a touch-screen display, and/or another type of input device. In some embodiments, device  300  may be managed remotely and may not include input device  340 . In other words, device  300  may be “headless” and may not include a keyboard, for example. 
     Output device  350  may output information to an operator of device  300 . Output device  350  may include a display, a printer, a speaker, and/or another type of output device. For example, output device  350  may include a display, which may include a liquid-crystal display (LCD) for displaying content to the customer. In some embodiments, device  300  may be managed remotely and may not include output device  350 . In other words, device  300  may be “headless” and may not include a display, for example. 
     Communication interface  360  may include a transceiver that enables device  300  to communicate with other devices and/or systems via wireless communications (e.g., radio frequency, infrared, and/or visual optics, etc.), wired communications (e.g., conductive wire, twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, transmission line, fiber optic cable, and/or waveguide, etc.), or a combination of wireless and wired communications. Communication interface  360  may include a transmitter that converts baseband signals to radio frequency (RF) signals and/or a receiver that converts RF signals to baseband signals. Communication interface  360  may be coupled to one or more antennas/antenna arrays for transmitting and receiving RF signals. 
     Communication interface  360  may include a logical component that includes input and/or output ports, input and/or output systems, and/or other input and output components that facilitate the transmission of data to other devices. For example, communication interface  360  may include a network interface card (e.g., Ethernet card) for wired communications and/or a wireless network interface (e.g., a WiFi) card for wireless communications. Communication interface  360  may also include a universal serial bus (USB) port for communications over a cable, a Bluetooth™ wireless interface, a radio-frequency identification (RFID) interface, a near-field communications (NFC) wireless interface, and/or any other type of interface that converts data from one form to another form. 
     As will be described in detail below, device  300  may perform certain operations relating to a 5G repeater configured to dynamically control uplink transmission power. Device  300  may perform these operations in response to processor  320  executing software instructions contained in a computer-readable medium, such as memory  330 . A computer-readable medium may be defined as a non-transitory memory device. A memory device may be implemented within a single physical memory device or spread across multiple physical memory devices. The software instructions may be read into memory  330  from another computer-readable medium or from another device. The software instructions contained in memory  330  may cause processor  320  to perform processes described herein. Alternatively, hardwired circuitry may be used in place of, or in combination with, software instructions to implement processes described herein. Thus, implementations described herein are not limited to any specific combination of hardware circuitry and software. 
     Although  FIG.  3    shows exemplary components of device  300 , in other implementations, device  300  may include fewer components, different components, additional components, or differently arranged components than depicted in  FIG.  3   . Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components of device  300  may perform one or more tasks described as being performed by one or more other components of device  300 . 
       FIG.  4    is a diagram illustrating exemplary functional components of controller  210 . The components of controller  210  may be implemented, for example, via processor  320  executing instructions from memory  330 . Alternatively, some or all of the functional components of controller  210  may be implemented via hard-wired circuitry. As shown in  FIG.  4   , controller  210  may include a beam scanning module  410 , an antenna array controller  420 , a cell DB  430 , and an FWA device interface  440 . 
     Beam scanning module  410  may scan for antenna signals, such as reference signals (e.g., synchronization signal block) generated by 5G wireless station  160  and present in cell  150 . Antenna array controller  420  may adjust the phase and/or amplitude of particular antenna elements in a particular sequence to generate uplink signals at an identified transmission power level or range based on the antenna setting corresponding to 5G wireless station  160 . Beam scanning module  410  may store information relating to identified uplink transmission power profiles associated with 5G wires station  160 , in cell DB  430 . Exemplary information that may be stored in cell DB  430  is described below with reference to  FIG.  5   . 
     FWA device interface  440  may be configured to communicate with FWA device  120 . For example, FWA device interface  440  may receive, from FWA device  120 , TPC command parameters indicating an uplink transmission increase or reduction level associated with a cell  150  and an associated 5G network station  160 . FWA device interface  440  receives the TPC command parameters via connection  126 . 
     Although  FIG.  4    shows exemplary components of controller  210 , in other implementations, controller  210  may include fewer components, different components, differently arranged components, or additional components than depicted in  FIG.  4   . Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components of controller  210  may perform functions described as being performed by one or more other components of controller  210 . 
       FIG.  5    is a diagram illustrating exemplary information stored in cell DB  430  according to an implementation described herein. As shown in  FIG.  5   , cell DB  430  may include one or more cell records  500 . Each cell record  500  may store TPC information relating to a corresponding 5G wireless station  160  identified by beam scanning module  410 . Cell record  500  may include a cell identifier (ID) field  510 , a TPC flag field  515 , a TPC settings field  520 , a connection field  530 , and a timestamp field  540 . 
     Cell ID field  510  may store an ID assigned by beam scanning module  410  to a particular cell  150  based on signals generated by 5G wireless station  160  and identified by analyzing a reference signal received within cell  150 . TPC flag field  515  may be set to “0” if no TPC settings are stored for the identified cell  150  or set to “1” if TPC settings are stored for the identified cell  150  in TPC settings  520 . TPC settings field  520  may store information identifying uplink transmission power settings for antenna array  230  associated with the particular cell  150 . For example, TPC settings  520  may include transmission power level and/or range values, such as an amplifier gain setting value. Connection field  530  may store information identifying whether FWA device  120  previously connected to 5G wireless station  160  via the particular cell  150 . Timestamp field  540  may contain a timestamp indicating a time of a connection identified in connection  530 , in which TPC settings were initially determined and/or updated for uplink transmissions to cell  150 . 
     Although  FIG.  5    shows exemplary components of cell DB  430 , in other implementations, cell DB  430  may include fewer components, different components, additional components, or differently arranged components than depicted in  FIG.  5   . 
       FIG.  6    is a flowchart of a process  600  for dynamically controlling an uplink transmission power level according to an implementation described herein. In some implementations, process  600  may be performed by repeater device  125 . In other implementations, some or all of process  600  may be performed by another device or a group of devices separate from repeater device  125 . 
     Process  600  may include establishing a communication channel with an FWA device associated with CPE network  110  (block  610 ). For example, FWA device  120  and repeater device  125  may be paired via a WiFi or Bluetooth® connection and repeater device  125  may receive an identifier associated with FWA device  120  via connection  126 . The identifier may include a Media Access Control (MAC) address, and/or another type of identifier that may be used by repeater device  125  to identify and establish communication with FWA device  120 . Once FWA device  120  and repeater device  125  are paired, repeater device  125  may communicate with FWA device  120  via short-range antenna  250 . 
     A scan may be performed for 5G NR reference signals via cell  150  (block  620 ) and wireless station  160  may be identified. Process  600  may include repeater device  125  determining whether a TPC profile is stored for identified cell  150  (block  630 ). For example, repeater device  125  may determine whether TPC  515  includes an indication “yes” (e.g., value=1) or an indication “no” (e.g., value=0). If repeater device  125  determines that a TPC profile is stored for cell  150  (block  630 —YES), process  600  may continue at block  670 . 
     If repeater device  125  determines that a TPC profile is not stored for cell  150  (block  630 —NO), repeater device  125  may receive an uplink signal from FWA device  120  destined for 5G wireless station  160  and forward the signal at a default transmission level (block  640 ). In some embodiments the default transmission may correspond to a maximum amplified gain, for example. Process  600  may include repeater device  125  receiving a downlink signal that carries TPC command data from 5G wireless station  160  and provide the downlink signal to FWA device  120  (block  650 ). In response, repeater device  125  may receive TPC command information from FWA device  120  ( 670 ). 
     In some embodiments, repeater device  125  may compare the TPC command information to the default transmission power level or range value, and adjust the transmission power level settings based on results of the comparison (block  670 ). In other embodiments, a similar comparison will be made of the TPC command information to the TPC profile transmission power level or range value from block  630 . Process may conclude with repeater device  125  receiving an uplink signal from FWA device  120  and forwarding the signal to 5G wireless station  160  using the adjusted transmission power level or range values (block  680 ). 
       FIG.  7    is a diagram of an exemplary signal flow  700  according to an implementation described herein. As shown in  FIG.  7   , signal flow  700  may include a pairing process between repeater device  125  and FWA device  120  (signal  710 ). For example, FWA device  120  and repeater device  125  may be paired via a WiFi or Bluetooth® connection  126  and repeater device  125  may receive an identifier associated with FWA device  120  via the connection. 5G wireless station  160  may transmit 5G SSB signals (signal  720 ) for cell  150 . Repeater device  125  may forward the 5G SSB signals (signal  730 ) to FWA device  120 . 
     FWA device  120  may send an uplink signal to 5G wireless station  160  via repeater device  125  (signal  740 ). Repeater device  125  may forward the uplink signal to 5G wireless station  160  at a default transmission power level (signal  750 ). In some embodiments, the default power will be at a maximum value, for example, of amplified gain. 5G wireless station  160  may receive the uplink signal and, based on the measured signal strength and/or signal quality (e.g., based on an RSRP value, SINR value, BLER value, etc.), calculate uplink TPC command parameters (block  755 ). 
     5G wireless station  160  may send a message carrying the TPC command parameters to FWA device  120  via repeater device  125  (signal  760 ). Repeater device  125  may forward the signal carrying the message to FWA device  120  (signal  770 ). FWA device  120  may generate and send a message carrying TPC parameter values to repeater device  125  via connection  126  (signal  780 ). Repeater device  125  may examine the message and adjust the uplink transmission power level values (e.g., amplified gain) for messages destined for 5G wireless station  160  (block  785 ). FWA device  125  may transmit an uplink signal to wireless station  160  via repeater device  125  (signal  790 ). Repeater device  125  may receive, amplify, and transmit the amplified uplink signal via cell  150  using the adjusted uplink transmission power level (signal  795 ). 
     According to some embodiments, the adjusted uplink transmission power levels may substantially correspond to calculated and/or measured path loss corresponding to a physical and/or logical distance from a location of repeater device  125  to 5G wireless station  160 . Referring to  FIG.  1   , for simplicity, the relative distances of 5G wireless stations  160 - 1 ,  160 - 2 ,  160 - 3 , and  160 - x  from repeater device  125  may result in path loss corresponding to adjusted uplink transmission power levels in which the largest amplified gain, for example, is used for uplink transmissions to 5G wireless station  160 - x , the next largest amplified gain is used for uplink messages to 5G wireless station  160 - 2 , the next largest amplified gain is used for transmissions to 5G wireless station  160 - 3 , and the least amplified gain is used for uplink transmissions to 5G wireless station  160 - 1 . In other embodiments, the uplink transmission power levels may be determined based on factors other than relative distances from respective 5G wireless stations  160 . 
     In the preceding specification, various preferred embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will, however, be evident that various modifications and changes may be made thereto, and additional embodiments may be implemented, without departing from the broader scope of the invention as set forth in the claims that follow. The specification and drawings are accordingly to be regarded in an illustrative rather than restrictive sense. 
     For example, while a series of blocks have been described with respect to  FIG.  6   , and a series of signal flows has been described with respect to  FIG.  7   , the order of the blocks and/or signal flows may be modified in other implementations. Further, non-dependent blocks may be performed in parallel. 
     It will be apparent that systems and/or methods, as described above, may be implemented in many different forms of software, firmware, and hardware in the implementations illustrated in the figures. The actual software code or specialized control hardware used to implement these systems and methods is not limiting of the embodiments. Thus, the operation and behavior of the systems and methods were described without reference to the specific software code—it being understood that software and control hardware can be designed to implement the systems and methods based on the description herein. 
     Further, certain portions, described above, may be implemented as a component that performs one or more functions. A component, as used herein, may include hardware, such as a processor, an ASIC, or a FPGA, or a combination of hardware and software (e.g., a processor executing software). 
     It should be emphasized that the terms “comprises”/“comprising” when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, components or groups thereof. 
     The term “logic,” as used herein, may refer to a combination of one or more processors configured to execute instructions stored in one or more memory devices, may refer to hardwired circuitry, and/or may refer to a combination thereof. Furthermore, a logic may be included in a single device or may be distributed across multiple, and possibly remote, devices. 
     For the purposes of describing and defining the present invention, it is additionally noted that the term “substantially” is utilized herein to represent the inherent degree of uncertainty that may be attributed to any quantitative comparison, value, measurement, or other representation. The term “substantially” is also utilized herein to represent the degree by which a quantitative representation may vary from a stated reference without resulting in a change in the basic function of the subject matter at issue. 
     To the extent the aforementioned embodiments collect, store, or employ personal information of individuals, it should be understood that such information shall be collected, stored, and used in accordance with all applicable laws concerning protection of personal information. Additionally, the collection, storage and use of such information may be subject to consent of the individual to such activity, for example, through well known “opt-in” or “opt-out” processes as may be appropriate for the situation and type of information. Storage and use of personal information may be in an appropriately secure manner reflective of the type of information, for example, through various encryption and anonymization techniques for particularly sensitive information. 
     No element, act, or instruction used in the present application should be construed as critical or essential to the embodiments unless explicitly described as such. Also, as used herein, the article “a” is intended to include one or more items. Further, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “based, at least in part, on” unless explicitly stated otherwise.