Patent Publication Number: US-2022226019-A1

Title: Minimally traumatic trocar apparatus and kit for subcutaneous medication delivery

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE 
     This patent application claims the benefit of provisional patent application No. 63/212,509 filed on Jun. 18, 2021 entitled ATRAUMATIC TROCAR APPARATUS FOR SUBCUTANEOUS MEDICATION DELIVERY; 
     this patent application is a continuation-in-part of utility patent application Ser. No. 16/997,803 filed on Aug. 19, 2020 entitled ATRAUMATIC SUBCUTANEOUS MEDICATION DELIVERY; 
     this patent application is a continuation-in-part of international utility patent application no. PCT/US19/19031 filed on Feb. 21, 2019 entitled ATRAUMATIC SUBCUTANEOUS MEDICATION DELIVERY (published as WO 2019/165131); 
     this patent application is a continuation-in-part of utility patent application Ser. No. 15/901,837 filed on Feb. 21, 2018 entitled ATRAUMATIC TROCAR MEDICATION DELIVERY METHOD (now U.S. Pat. No. 10,856,907); 
     this patent application is a continuation-in-part of utility patent application Ser. No. 15/901,821 filed on Feb. 21, 2018 entitled ATRAUMATIC TROCAR APPARATUS, SYSTEM AND KIT. All patent applications identified above are hereby incorporated by reference. 
    
    
     FIELD 
     The present disclosure relates to a minimally traumatic trocar apparatus, system, kit, and method of use. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a trocar apparatus, system and kit that includes a cannula that receives an obturator having an anterior rounded tip configured to cause minimal amounts of micro-trauma. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Hormone therapies carry significant risks of adverse effects, which can be exacerbated from inconsistent or traumatic delivery as a result of a variety of hormone therapies. Pills may be forgotten by a patient and require relatively frequent pharmacy trips to refill prescriptions. Further, oral delivery can cause gastric distress, destruction of active ingredients (medications), and/or bypass initial metabolism in the liver. Patches may be unsightly, inconvenient, uncomfortable, removed too early, and fail to accommodate individuals requiring higher levels of hormone replacement. Creams may similarly be unsightly and inconvenient, as well as delivering inadequate levels of hormones, requiring repeated application, and allowing for missed applications. Injections require repeated and frequent trips to a doctor&#39;s office and can be painful. Additionally, pill/oral, patch, cream, and injection therapies suffer inconsistent dosage delivery. Dosages of hormones delivered by these techniques tend to spike soon after injection, ingestion, or application, then taper quickly below efficacious medication levels. 
     Hormone therapies that utilize subcutaneous implants or “pellets” bypass the liver, do not affect clotting factors and do not increase the risk of thrombosis. For example, bioidentical testosterone delivered subcutaneously by pellet implant is cardiac protective, unlike oral, synthetic methyl-testosterone. Subcutaneous pellets have other practical advantages over patches, creams, and injections. Subcutaneous implants release medication consistently for months, freeing patients from frequent trips to the doctor as with injections, and eliminating adherence concerns typical to patient administered medications, such as creams and oral medications. Alternatively, implants or pellet therapy keep hormone levels consistent through the day and avoid rollercoaster-like effects from orally administered, topically administered, or injected hormones. The release of the drug from implanted pellets generally continue for a period of 3 to 6 months, or even up to 12 months, depending on the size and composition of the pellet. 
     Subcutaneously implanted hormone pellets may be smaller than a grain of rice or approximately the size of a marble and are implanted directly into the subcutaneous tissue, where they provide a slow continuous release of hormone(s) into the bloodstream. Typically, the pellets are implanted in the lower abdomen or buttocks, because of the generally large deposits of fat stored in these areas. The procedure is done in a physician&#39;s office with the use of a local anesthetic and a small incision for insertion of a trocar. 
     Trocar medical devices are commonly used to subcutaneously implant the hormone pellets. Trocar medical devices have been known to, and used by, physicians since at least the 19th century and commonly comprise a hollow tubular cannula and a rod-like obturator that fits snugly within the cannula. A wide variety of trocars exist that vary according to the medical purpose for which they are intended. Trocars are tailored for specific tasks, such as laparoscopic surgery or implant delivery. 
     With reference now to  FIGS. 1A-C , there are shown the components of a prior art trocar apparatus for subcutaneous pellet insertion used in BIOTE® hormone replacement therapy. This prior art embodiment, includes an angled cutting edge formed from the angled orifice  102  of the cannula  100  and the angled tip  112  of the insertion obturator  110 . The insertion obturator  110  is machined to fit within the cannula  100  when assembled into a trocar, such that the angled tip  112  of the insertion obturator  110  is flush with the angled orifice  102  of the cannula  100 , forming a uniform cutting edge. 
     As the trocar is inserted into a small surface incision, the angled cutting edge is used to slice through the fatty and connective tissues impeding the passage of the trocar. Once inserted to a desired depth or insertion length, the insertion obturator  110  is removed from the cannula  100  and pellet(s)  104  are loaded into the cannula through a loading slot  106 . A blunt delivery obturator  120  is then used in place of the angled insertion obturator to push the pellet(s)  104  through the angled orifice  102  of the cannula  100 . 
     The delivery obturator  120  delivers the pellet(s) to a subcutaneous site. The angled orifice  102  facilitates delivery of multiple pellets  104  in a clumped orientation. With reference now to  FIGS. 1D and 1E , a radial clump of pellets  130  is shown. This radial clump  130  is formed by rotating the cannula during extrusion/delivery of the pellets  104  from the angled orifice  102 . 
     The body&#39;s primary response to the traumatic cutting insertion of the prior art beveled trocar results in inflamed tissue, lymph fluid, and clotted red blood cells. And the literature from the prior art systems teach that the inflammatory response triggered by traumatic trocar insertion of hormone pellets is critical to adequate hormone absorption. 
     However, prior art traumatic trocar insertion is painful and results in scarring. Additionally, traumatically inserted pellets may lead to infection or be extruded from the insertion site, which requires replacement with an additional traumatic insertion. Furthermore, the body&#39;s inflammatory response to the traumatic insertion causes patients significant pain in the days following insertion. Further still, the cutting and spearing motions used to insert angled or cutting edge trocars cause significant bruising immediately after insertion that lasts for days or weeks, and further cause scarring that may remain for a year or more. Further yet, this inflammatory response increases the healing time of the incision, and increases the probability that one or more pellets may extrude due to external pressures (falling on, sitting on, or bumping the insertion region) or internal pressures (strenuous exercise or muscle contraction). 
     All of these traumatic trocar insertion concerns are amplified particularly for male testosterone replacement therapy, which requires large gauge trocars and high quantities of implanted pellets. The large trocar gauge and high dosage causes a corresponding amount of pain, scarring, and risk of pellet extrusion. 
     Therefore, it would be beneficial to provide an apparatus, system, and method of subcutaneous pellet delivery that causes minimal amounts of micro-trauma to the subcutaneous tissue. 
     SUMMARY 
     A minimally traumatic trocar apparatus, kit, and method of use are described. The minimally traumatic trocar apparatus includes a cannula and a plastic obturator. The cannula includes a tubular cannula body, an anterior end, a posterior end, and a medication slot. The anterior end of the cannula includes an anterior opening and a blunt surface. The medication slot is disposed along the tubular cannula body. The plastic obturator includes an anterior rounded tip and a tubular obturator body. The plastic obturator extends through the tubular cannula body so that the anterior rounded tip of the plastic obturator extends through the anterior opening of the tubular cannula body. 
     In some embodiments, the minimally traumatic trocar apparatus further includes a hydrodissection microcannula with a tubular microcannula body, an anterior rounded tip, and an opening along the tubular microcannula body proximate to the anterior rounded tip. 
     In some embodiments, the minimally traumatic trocar apparatus includes the tubular cannula body having an outer diameter of at least 3.5 mm and an inner diameter of at least 3 mm, and the plastic obturator includes an outer diameter of at least 3 mm. 
     A minimally traumatic subcutaneous medication kit for delivering one or more medication pellet is also described. The minimally traumatic subcutaneous medication kit includes a cannula, a plastic obturator, and an outer package. The outer package houses the cannula and the plastic obturator. 
     The method for delivering one or more medication pellet through an incision to subcutaneous tissue includes receiving a plastic obturator within the cannula to form an assembled minimally traumatic trocar. The plastic obturator includes an anterior rounded tip and a tubular obturator body. The cannula includes a tubular cannula body, an anterior end, a posterior end, and a medication slot. The anterior end includes an anterior opening and a blunt surface. The medication slot is disposed along the tubular cannula body. Next, the plastic obturator is passed through the tubular cannula body so that the anterior rounded tip of the plastic obturator extends through the anterior opening of the cannula tubular body and past the anterior end of the tubular cannula body, and forms the assembled minimally traumatic trocar. 
     The assembled minimally traumatic trocar is inserted into a subcutaneous tissue by probing through the incision and along an insertion path up to an insertion length. Upon reaching this insertion length, the plastic obturator is removed from the tubular cannula body and one or more medication pellet is placed in the medication slot. The plastic obturator is then received by the tubular cannula body having the one or more medication pellet therein. The plastic obturator anterior rounded tip is used to pass the one or more medication pellet through the tubular cannula body. The plastic obturator pushes the one or more medication pellet so that it exits the anterior opening of the tubular cannula body and enters the subcutaneous tissue. 
    
    
     
       FIGURES 
       The presently disclosed subject matter will be more fully understood by reference to the following drawings which are presented for illustrative, not limiting, purposes. 
         FIG. 1A  shows a prior art trocar cannula. 
         FIG. 1B  shows a prior art trocar insertion obturator. 
         FIG. 1C  shows a prior art trocar delivery obturator. 
         FIG. 1D  shows a side view of a prior art radial pellet clump. 
         FIG. 1E  shows a front view of a prior art radial pellet clump. 
         FIG. 2A  shows a perspective view of an illustrative embodiment of the cannula as disclosed herein and in accordance with various embodiments. 
         FIG. 2B  shows a perspective view of an obturator. 
         FIG. 2C  shows a perspective view of the obturator placed within the interior passage of the cannula. 
         FIG. 3A  shows an end-on view of an illustrative obturator rounded tip with seven (7) openings. 
         FIG. 3B  shows an end-on view of an illustrative obturator rounded tip with five (5) openings. 
         FIG. 3C  shows a perspective view of the obturator rounded tip with seven (7) openings proximate to the end of the rounded tip. 
         FIG. 3D  shows an end-on view of an illustrative obturator rounded tip with two (2) openings. 
         FIG. 3E  shows a perspective view of the obturator rounded tip with two (2) openings proximate to the end of the rounded tip. 
         FIG. 4A  shows a perspective view of the cannula receiving a medication pellet. 
         FIG. 4B  shows a perspective view of the obturator placed within the interior passage of the cannula so that the obturator extrudes a medication pellet. 
         FIG. 5A  shows a top view of a disposable obturator. 
         FIG. 5B  shows a perspective view of the disposable obturator. 
         FIG. 6A  shows a top view of a disposable cannula. 
         FIG. 6B  shows a side view of the disposable cannula. 
         FIG. 6C  shows a perspective view of the disposable cannula. 
         FIG. 7  shows a perspective view of an assembled disposable minimally traumatic trocar. 
         FIG. 8  shows a side view of an illustrative hydrodissection microcannula. 
         FIG. 9A  shows a side view of a 90° blunt microcannula with a terminal opening. 
         FIG. 9B  shows a side view of a conical blunt microcannula with a terminal opening. 
         FIG. 9C  shows a side view of a hyperbolically conical microcannula with side opening. 
         FIG. 9D  shows a side view of a pointed conical microcannula with a side opening. 
         FIG. 10A  shows a side view of an illustrative punch scalpel. 
         FIG. 10B  shows an end-on view of the illustrative punch scalpel. 
         FIG. 10C  shows a bottom view of the illustrative punch scalpel. 
         FIG. 11A  shows an illustrative punch scalpel blade. 
         FIG. 11B  shows a second illustrative punch scalpel blade. 
         FIG. 12A  shows a side view of the illustrative cannula loaded with medication pellets and the obturator immediately prior to displacement and delivery of the medication pellets. 
         FIG. 12B  shows a side view of the illustrative cannula loaded with medication pellets and the obturator inserted into the cannula, pushing the medication pellets into one another and up to an anterior opening of the cannula. 
         FIG. 12C  shows a side view of the illustrative cannula loaded with medication pellets and the obturator inserted into the cannula and pushing the medication pellets into one another so that a first medication pellet is displaced. 
         FIG. 12D  shows a side view of the illustrative obturator fully inserted into the cannula and the pellets fully displaced and extruded as disclosed herein. 
         FIG. 13  shows a cut-away view of an illustrative delivery area, assembled minimally traumatic trocar, and side-to-side minimally traumatic subcutaneous probing techniques. 
         FIG. 14  shows a cut-away view of an illustrative staggered orientation of subcutaneously inserted pellets. 
         FIG. 15  shows a cut-away view of an illustrative orientation of subcutaneously inserted pellets and assembled minimally traumatic trocar. 
         FIG. 16  shows a cut-away view of an illustrative orientation of two groups of subcutaneously inserted pellets. 
         FIGS. 17A, 17B and 17C  show an illustrative minimally traumatic subcutaneous pellet insertion method. 
         FIGS. 18A and 18B  show a second illustrative minimally traumatic subcutaneous pellet insertion method. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION 
     Persons of ordinary skill in the art will realize that the following description is illustrative and not in any way limiting. Other embodiments of the claimed subject matter will readily suggest themselves to such skilled persons having the benefit of this disclosure. It shall be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the systems and methods described herein may vary as to configuration and as to details. The following detailed description of the illustrative embodiments includes reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application. The drawings show, by way of illustration, specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural changes may be made without departing from the scope of the claims. 
     The apparatus, systems and methods described herein are used to insert an illustrative medication pellet(s) into subcutaneous tissue. Medication pellets may be used for hormone replacement and for other applications that would require a relatively slow and sustained release of one or more medications. Thus, a single pellet may be compounded to contain multiple medications, or different medications may be compounded into individual pellets and delivered together as separate pellets at one insertion site. Pellets inserted with minimal amounts of micro-trauma release medication at consistent and measurable rates for several months up to a year or more. 
     Inventor hypothesizes that deposits of subcutaneous brown adipose tissue (BAT) have superior blood supplies which beneficially improve medication uptake from subcutaneously inserted medication pellets. Such subcutaneous BAT is known to exist in the anterior abdominal wall and along the vertebral column. As such, the love-handle region, beside the vertebral column (spine), and anterior sides of the abdomen (below and beside the belly/tummy fat) are possible medication pellet delivery locations. These locations are preferred for men due the typically larger doses of medication required as compared to women, and the corresponding larger number and size of medication pellets that must be inserted in order to deliver larger doses of medication. Other possible delivery locations are selected for patient comfort, such as the tensor fascia on the thigh, and the subcutaneous tissue surrounding the gluteus medius or maximus. The love-handle delivery locations are problematic for patients of particular professions, such as police officers and construction workers because they wear utility belts, which may require one of the alternate delivery locations to reduce discomfort and the possibility of extruding delivered medication pellets. 
     In one therapeutic embodiment, pellets release medication consistently for 6 months before requiring reinsertion of new medication pellets. Upon reaching termination of this 6-month period, the location of the second administration of medication pellets may be rotated. For example, the first administration of medication pellets may be placed above a patient&#39;s beltline in their right love-handle region, while the second administration of medication pellets may be placed above the patient&#39;s beltline in their left love-handle region. This side-to-side rotation every 6 months allows for complete healing of the first administration site in the patient&#39;s right love-handle region prior to any third or re-administration to the patient&#39;s right love-handle region, and similarly for re-administration to the patient&#39;s left love-handle region. 
     In general, minimally traumatic implantation requires fewer visits to a doctor&#39;s office during a course of treatment compared to injections (lasting for only a matter of days), provides more consistent dosages than patches, creams, and pills, and allows for more complete healing of the insertion sites between administrations. This makes implants or pellets inserted with minimal micro-trauma more efficacious than patches, creams, pills, and traumatically inserted implants or pellets, and more cost effective than injections requiring frequent trips to a doctor&#39;s office. 
     Minimally traumatic subcutaneous medication insertion is also viable for treating pain. Chronic pain management techniques include subdermal surgical insertion of a reservoir and/or pump connected to a catheter that runs directly to the patient&#39;s spine to deliver morphine or other anesthetics. This technique may afford relief to a patient for several months between doctor&#39;s visits, however the system costs tens of thousands of dollars. In contrast, the minimally traumatic trocar apparatus, system, and method disclosed herein is much more affordable, even allowing for single-use disposable embodiments that deliver relief for several months as well. 
     As used herein, the term “medication” or “medicinal” includes, but is not limited to, hormones, hormone therapy, pain medication, addiction therapy, and other such drugs. More specifically, the term “medication” may be used to refer to drugs such as testosterone, estradiol (estrogen), fentanyl, morphine, various opiates, naltrexone, lidocaine and other such drugs. By way of example and not of limitation, “medication” may refer to hormones, opioids, numbing agents, and competitive antagonists in metabolic pathways. For example, “medication” may refer to medicine in pellet form that blocks receptors in the brain, which aid in the treatment of addictive disorders including, but not limited to, alcohol and narcotics. 
     Minimally traumatic pellet insertion corresponding to the apparatus, systems, and methods disclosed herein can be used for various regimens that include hormone therapy, pain management, and addiction treatment. Further, the apparatus, systems, and methods disclosed herein can be employed in veterinary treatments as well. 
     With respect to hormone therapy, synthetic, bioidentical, or natural hormones may be used to supplement endogenous hormones naturally produced in the human body. The illustrative apparatus, systems, and methods disclosed herein pertain to the use of medication implants or “pellets.” The term “pellet” is used generally to describe both medication pellets and/or hormone implants. Pellets may be prescribed medications or custom compounded therapies for symptoms that stem from hormonal imbalances, to manage hormone levels, to block metabolic pathways involved in the processing of alcohol, opioids, and other addictive drugs, and for pain management. 
     The pellets described herein may be used for hormone therapies such as menopause and low testosterone. During menopause, individuals experience symptoms including hot flashes, sleep disturbances, and night sweats. Sufferers of low testosterone experience chronic fatigue, loss of muscle mass, increased body fat (especially in the waist area), decreased bone mass, mood changes, lower mental capacity, depression, brain fog, and irritability. Testosterone helps regulate heart function, and plays a part in sperm production, bone health, energy levels, concentration, and muscle mass. Most men experience a natural decline in testosterone as they age, creating a large market for testosterone replacement therapy. 
     As used herein, the term “hormones” may also refer to synthetic hormones, bioidentical hormones and natural hormones. Synthetic hormones frequently do not have the same structure as endogenous hormones. Synthetic hormones may mimic the effects of endogenous hormones on many biological pathways, but they rarely offer the same effectiveness across all biological pathways. Bioidenticals are exact structural replicas of endogenous hormones and are reported to have much lower incidences of side effects as compared to synthetic hormones. Bioidentical hormones may be derived from plants, such as soy or wild yams. Bioidentical hormones are sometimes defined as molecules identical to a hormone produced by the human body. Natural hormones are those produced in nature by various organisms, and similar to bioidenticals, are identical to a hormone produced by the human body. 
     A minimally traumatic trocar apparatus, system, and method are described herein. The minimally traumatic trocar apparatus includes a cannula, an obturator, and a hydrodissection microcannula. The cannula includes a tubular cannula body having an anterior cannula end with an anterior cannula opening. The cannula also includes a medication slot disposed along a portion of the tubular cannula body. As described herein, the obturator is received by the cannula and passes through the interior passage of the cannula and exits through the anterior cannula opening. The hydrodissection microcannula includes a tubular microcannula body, an anterior rounded tip, a posterior microcannula opening, and an anterior hydrodissection opening located proximate to the rounded tip. The hydrodissection microcannula is generally of a narrower gauge than both the obturator and the cannula. The hydrodissection microcannula is configured to deliver hydrodissecting fluid through the anterior opening during insertion into subcutaneous tissue. This preliminary delivery of hydrodissecting fluid creates an insertion plane and super-hydrates the tissue surrounding the insertion path. The obturator has a rounded anterior tip and may also include one or more openings near the anterior tip, which are configured to deliver hydrodissecting fluid during insertion of the trocar and before insertion of the medication pellets. However, in embodiments employing the hydrodissection microcannula to prepare a super-hydrated insertion path, the obturator may not include any openings near the anterior tip, and thus not be configured to independently deliver hydrodissecting fluid. In all embodiments, the obturator is further used to deliver the medication pellets to the subcutaneous insertion site. 
     In some embodiments, the obturator may also be used to deliver medication pellets to the subcutaneous insertion site, eliminating the need for a separate delivery obturator. 
     The inventor hypothesizes that inserted pellets induce macrophages to aggregate in the injection area through localized angiogenesis. Cytokines can trigger macrophages to transition from innate immunity status to an adaptive immunity status that causes such aggregation. Cytokines are small soluble proteins that mediate the body&#39;s inflammatory immune response more generally. Cytokine concentrations triggering inflammatory response ranges widely from 100&#39;s of pg/ml to 100&#39;s of ng/ml depending upon the various known cytokines. Inventor hypothesizes that serum interleukin-6 is a sensitive, early marker of tissue damage that generally increases concentration at the site of trauma. As such, the greater the surgical trauma, the greater the response of serum interleukin-6 and the greater the peak serum concentration of interleukin-6, which induces C-reactive protein synthesis and inflammation. Localized angiogenesis causes the macrophages to digest the pellet bit by bit from the pellet&#39;s outer surface and flush the pellet medication directly into the blood stream over time, resulting in a tissue concentration of the pellet medication corresponding to a desired concentration. Thus, a miniscule level of trauma may improve pellets absorption, while excessive trauma from large bore incising trocars create a much greater inflammatory response that lubricates an unblocked insertion path and hinders absorption of inserted pellets. Often the inflammatory response is so strong and hindering that patients require triamcinolone to suppress the response and enable absorption. 
     With the atraumatic insertion methods and apparatus disclosed herein, as the pellet size is increased, the medication release period increases, allowing for medication delivery for a period of days up to approximately a year or more. Increasing pellet size also reduces patient cost by reducing the frequency of office visits/operations. Further, increased pellet size allows for the insertion of fewer pellets to achieve the desired amount of medication delivery, i.e. insertion of a single row of medication pellets instead of requiring two rows of medication pellets to achieve the desired amount of medication delivery. Further still, increased pellet size is achieved, indeed only practical, through the minimally traumatic techniques disclosed herein. 
     The inventor further hypothesizes that a combination of hydrodissection and administration of tranexamic acid reduce patients&#39; soreness, pain, and/or irritation. The hydrodissection performs several functions: superhydrating and numbing the tissue along the insertion path, as well as preventing the breakdown of clotted blood for 5-6 hours. Superhydration makes tissue along the insertion path softer and more easily shifted during insertion of the minimally traumatic trocar assembly. A later administration of tranexamic acid, such as orally, continues to prevent the breakdown of clotted blood for up to 24 hours after the medication pellet insertion and allows those clots to stabilize. Some pain is the result of blood in the insertion space, which irritates pain receptors. A further consequence of reduced amounts of inflammation and blood in the insertion space is improved pellet absorption, healing, and overall patient experience due to reduced pain during and after pellet implantation. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 2A-C  there is shown an illustrative minimally traumatic trocar apparatus that includes an illustrative cannula and an illustrative obturator. More specifically,  FIG. 2A  shows an illustrative embodiment of a cannula  200  having a tubular cannula body  202 . The tubular cannula body  202  includes an anterior cannula opening  204  located at an anterior end of the cannula  200 . The anterior end of the cannula  200  includes a blunt or rounded cylindrical end, which limits the trauma to surrounding tissue during subcutaneous implant procedures. In one embodiment, the cylindrical end of the cannula is blunted by beveling the end. A bevel blunts the cylindrical end of the cannula in this structure, because the beveled edge abuts the outer surface of the obturator tubular body and lies flush or very nearly flush against this outer surface. This blunting may also be achieved with a chamfer, a fillet, rounding to create a rounded shape, or any other method of smoothing the right angle where the outer surface of the tubular body of the cannula meets the cylindrical end of the cannula. In another embodiment, the cylindrical end of the cannula is blunted by burnishing the end. The tubular cannula body  202  further includes a posterior cannula opening  206  located at a posterior end of the cannula  200 . The tubular cannula body  202  is hollow, providing a passage through the cannula  200  and connecting the anterior cannula opening  204  to the posterior cannula opening  206 . Thus, the tubular cannula body  202  includes an interior passage disposed between the posterior cannula end  206  and the anterior cannula end  204 . In various embodiments, the anterior blunt surface surrounds the anterior cannula opening. 
     In the illustrative embodiment, the cannula  200  further includes a slot  208  on a portion of the tubular cannula body  202 . The slot  208  is configured or sized to receive a medication pellet and thereby allow the medication access to the interior passage of the cannula  200 . The slot  208  may be located proximate to the anterior cannula end. In an alternative embodiment, the cannula  200  may not include a slot on the tubular cannula body  202 , instead receiving medication pellets at the posterior end of the cannula. 
     By way of example and not of limitation, the illustrative medication pellets described in the embodiments presented herein may include male 200 mg testosterone pellets, male 250 mg testosterone pellets, male 300 testosterone pellets, and male 303 testosterone pellets. The medication pellets have lengths ranging from 10 mm to 15 mm and diameters ranging from 3 mm to 10 mm. In one embodiment, the medication pellets have a length of 13 mm and a diameter of 4 mm. In another embodiment, the medication pellets have a length of 13 mm and a diameter of 5 mm. In another embodiment, the medication pellets have a length of 13 mm and a diameter of 5.6 mm. Female testosterone pellets may include 50 mg to 150 mg, with lengths ranging from 5 mm to 15 mm, and diameters ranging from 2 mm to 5 mm. In an illustrative embodiment, the female testosterone pellet is 87 mg with a 10 mm length and 3 mm diameter. In one embodiment, the cannula may be sized for 5 mm medication pellets for male hormone replacement therapy, e.g. the interior diameter of the cannula is greater than 5 mm. In another embodiment, the cannula may be sized for 4 mm medication pellets for male hormone replacement therapy, e.g. the interior diameter of the cannula is greater than 4 mm and less than 6 mm. In still another embodiment, the cannula may be sized for 3 mm medication pellets for female hormone replacement therapy, e.g. the interior diameter of the cannula is greater than 3 mm and less than 4 mm. 
     The illustrative cannula  200  may further include a cannula handle  210  fixedly coupled to the tubular cannula body  202 . The cannula handle  210  may be permanently affixed to the exterior of the tubular cannula body  202 , such as by welding, or removably affixed to the tubular cannula body  202 , such as by threading or chemical means. Further, the tubular cannula body  202  and the cannula handle  210  may be machined from a single piece. 
     By way of example and not of limitation, each of the components of the minimally traumatic trocar apparatus, system and kit may be formed from metallic compounds, metal alloys, plastic materials, polymers or other such materials. The material selected for the minimally traumatic trocar may depend upon whether the minimally traumatic trocar is disposable or non-disposable (reusable). For example, a reusable minimally traumatic trocar apparatus may be constructed from stainless steel so that it can be disinfected in an autoclave. While a disposable minimally traumatic trocar may be composed of a plastic material, such as an extruded plastic, that is intended for single use and is disposal. The extruded plastic may be high grade medical plastic, polystyrene (HIPS), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polypropylene (PP), high, low, or linear low density polyethylene (HDPR, LDPE, LLDPE), rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC), thermoplastics. Further, the extruded plastic may be non-toxic, free of lead, resistant to chemicals, high temperatures (i.e., sterilization temperatures), high wear, and corrosion resistant. 
     The illustrative cannula  200  may further include an illustrative notch  212  located at the posterior end of the tubular cannula body  202 . In the illustrative embodiment, the notch  212  is hyperbolic, rectangular, or triangular in shape and configured to interface with a correspondingly shaped tab on an obturator inserted into the interior passage of the cannula  200 , as described below. In a further embodiment, the illustrative cannula  200  may include a second notch (not shown) in a second position at the posterior end of the tubular cannula body  202 . 
     The illustrative cannula  200  may further include one or more cannula markings  214  along the tubular cannula body  202 . In various embodiments, the cannula markings  214  are visible on the exterior of the tubular cannula body  202 . Visibility of the cannula markings  214  may be achieved by scoring, embossing, raising, or coloring. Coloring may include paint, ink, anodizing, or other similarly permanent and visible techniques suitable for use in sterile operations. Where the cannula markings  214  are not scored, embossed, or raised, the cannula markings  214  may be flush with the exterior of the tubular cannula body  202 . The cannula markings  214  correspond to a medication length, and serve to aid a doctor or assistant in determining the number of medication pellets or amount of medications administered through the cannula  200 . In the illustrative embodiment, the markings  214  are laser etched onto the surface of the cannula  200 . In another embodiment, the cannula  200  may include only a single marking  214 . 
     By way of example and not of limitation, the cannula markings  214  may be scored on the surface of an illustrative stainless steel cannula. Alternatively, for a plastic cannula, the cannula markings may be embodied as raised bars, sunk depressions, or flush colored sections on the exterior of the cannula body. 
     More generally, the illustrative cannula  200  has a total length that may range from 13 centimeters up to 17 centimeters. The total cannula length is measured from the anterior cannula opening  204  to the posterior cannula opening  206 . The cannula  200  also has an insertion length that may range from 7 cm to 13 cm. In one embodiment, the cannula  200  has an insertion length of 10 cm. In various embodiments, the tubular cannula body  202  may have an outer diameter ranging from 7 mm down to 3 mm, and an inner diameter ranging from 2 mm to 6 mm. In narrower embodiments, the outer diameter of the tubular cannula body ranges from 6 mm to 7mm, and the inner diameter ranges from 5 mm to 6 mm. In another narrower embodiment, the outer diameter of the tubular cannula body is 3 mm to 4 mm, and the inner diameter ranges from 2 mm to 3 mm. 
     In these embodiments, the wall thickness of the tubular cannula body ranges from 2 mm to 1/10 mm. In the illustrative example, the tubular cannula body is composed of stainless steel and has an outer diameter 5½ mm and an inner diameter of 5 mm; thus, the wall thickness of the tubular cannula body is a ½ mm. Additionally, the illustrative tubular cannula body has a length of between 14 cm and 16.5 cm. In a narrower embodiment, the tubular cannula body length ranges from 15 cm up to 15.6 cm. In an even narrower embodiment, the tubular cannula body length is 15.4 cm. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 2B , there is shown an illustrative embodiment of an obturator  220  having a tubular obturator body  222 , an anterior rounded tip  224 , a posterior obturator opening  226 , and one or more medication delivery markings  227  along the tubular body of the obturator  222 . The tubular obturator body  222  is hollow from the anterior rounded tip  224  to and through the posterior obturator opening  226 . By way of example and not of limitation, the illustrative obturator has a length of between 7 inches and 8 inches, an outer diameter of between 6 mm and 2.8 mm, an inner diameter of between 5.7 mm and 2.5 mm, and a wall thickness of between 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm. In a narrower embodiment, the obturator has a length of between 7.25 inches and 7.75 inches, an outer diameter of between 6 mm and 5.5 mm, and an inner diameter of between 5.7 mm and 5.2 mm. In another narrower embodiment, the obturator has a length of between 7 inches and 7.5 inches, an outer diameter of between 4.1 mm and 3.6 mm, and an inner diameter of between 3.8 mm and 3.3 mm. In an even narrower embodiment, the obturator length is 7.5 inches, the outer diameter is 4.8 mm, and the inner diameter is 4.3 mm; thus, the wall thickness for the obturator is ½ mm. 
     Thus, in a broad embodiment, the tolerance between the outer diameter of the obturator and the inner diameter of the cannula is 0.05 inches. In a narrower embodiment, the tolerance between the outer diameter of the obturator and the inner diameter of the cannula is 0.01 inches. In an even narrower embodiment, the tolerance between the outer diameter of the obturator and the inner diameter of the cannula is 0.001 inches. And in a still narrower embodiment, the tolerance between the outer diameter of the obturator and the inner diameter of the cannula is 0.0005 inches. 
     The anterior rounded tip  224  comprises a blunt surface. The blunt surface formed by the anterior cannula end and anterior blunt tip of the obturator  240  may be a continuous smooth surface or a semi-continuous smooth surface. The anterior rounded tip  224  may be a rounded cone, a flat-topped cone, a spherical cap, or a semi-spherical cap. A similarly continuously smooth or semi-continuously smooth blunt surface or edge may be formed by the blunt anterior cannula end and the anterior blunt tip of the obturator. In the illustrative embodiment, the blunt surface includes rounded or beveled edges of the anterior end of the cannula. The combination of the anterior cannula end and the blunt anterior tip  224  of the obturator  220  is blunt or rounded to reduce or prevent instances of tissue tearing during the subcutaneous pellet insertion procedure. 
     The medication delivery markings  227  along the tubular body of the obturator  222  aid in delivery of medication pellets from the cannula  200  to a delivery site. In various embodiments, the delivery markings  227  are visible on the exterior of the tubular body of the obturator  222 . Visibility of the delivery markings  227  may be achieved by scoring, embossing, or coloring. Coloring may include paint, ink, anodizing, or any suitable flush marking technique. Where the delivery markings  227  are not recessed or scored, the delivery markings  227  may be flush with the exterior of the tubular body of the obturator  222 . The delivery markings  227  correspond to a medication length, and serve to aid a surgeon, nurse, physician&#39;s assistant, or other medical professional in determining the number of medications or amount of medications administered through the cannula  200  with the obturator  220 . In one embodiment, the delivery markings  227  correspond to a medication length of ½ inch. In a further embodiment, the delivery markings correspond to cannula markings  214  that are also spaced ½ inch apart from one another. In another embodiment, the delivery markings  227  correspond to a medication length of 1 cm. In this other embodiment, the delivery markings correspond to cannula markings  214  that are also spaced 1 cm apart from one another. However, in alternative embodiments, the delivery markings  227  and cannula markings  214  correspond to medication lengths ranging from 2.5 mm to 18 mm. 
     The illustrative obturator  220  further includes one or more openings  228  located along the tubular obturator body  222 . The openings  228  form a passage from the exterior of the tubular obturator body  222  to the interior of the tubular obturator body  222 . In the illustrative embodiment, the openings  228  are arranged on the obturator  220  from the anterior rounded tip  224  along the entire length of the obturator body  222  in a spiral orientation. In other embodiments, the openings  228  may be located on and about the anterior rounded tip  224 . By way of example and not of limitation, the openings are approximately 1 mm in diameter. In various embodiments, the openings can range in diameter from ¼ mm up to 2.5 mm. 
     The openings  228  enable the obturator to more easily separate the subcutaneous tissue, adipose tissue, blood vessels, and nerves through hydrodissection. Hydrodissection is a well-known technique in ophthalmologic surgery and general surgery where a fluid, such as saline is injected into a target tissue to create a previously non-existent surgical plane. In ophthalmologic surgery hydrodissection is used to create space within the lens, thereby improving a surgeon&#39;s ability to perform maneuvers during extracapsular or phacoemulsification surgeries. In general surgery, hydrodissection is used in conjunction with ultrasonic guidance to treat peripheral nerve entrapments by releasing the nerves&#39; adhesions from neighboring structures. When releasing entrapped nerves with hydrodissection the fluid used may be platelet-rich plasma (“PRP”) or a 5% dextrose solution (“D5W”). In the illustrative embodiments disclosed herein the hydrodissecting fluid delivered through the openings  228  includes PRP, D5W, saline, anesthetic, a numbing solution, lidocaine, epinephrine, antifibrinolytic compounds (i.e., tranexamic acid), or any combination thereof. In other embodiments, the hydrodissecting fluid includes 0.1 to 2 parts tranexamic acid, 8 to 9.9 parts 1% lidocaine solution, and 1/1,000,000 to 1/1,000 parts epinephrine. In a narrower embodiment, the hydrodissecting fluid includes 1 mL tranexamic acid, 9 mL 1% lidocaine solution, and 1/100,000 epinephrine (i.e., 1 g epinephrine in 100,000 mL hydrodissecting solution). 
     Hydrodissection during the minimally traumatic subcutaneous pellet delivery systems and methods disclosed herein allows the obturator to separate the subcutaneous tissue, adipose tissue, blood vessels, and nerves prior to arrival of the anterior blunt tip of the obturator. This preparation of the tissue into which the minimally traumatic trocar is inserted softens, hydrates, and/or superhydrates the tissue, easing and improving the maneuverability of the minimally traumatic trocar within the tissue. Additionally, where the hydrodissection fluid includes lidocaine or other numbing agents, the hydrodissection fluid operates to numb the tissue and/or block nerves along the insertion path, which reduces a patient&#39;s pain level during and immediately after medication pellet insertion with only minimal amounts of micro-traumatic. Where the hydrodissection fluid includes epinephrine, the hydrodissection fluid operates to constricts the blood vessels and reduce bleeding from any tissue punctured, torn, or irritated along the insertion path. Where the hydrodissection fluid includes an antifibrinolytic compound, such as tranexamic acid, the hydrodissection fluid operates to slow the breakdown of any blood clots that form along the insertion path, which reduces or prevents prolonged bleeding from minimally traumatic medication pellet insertion. 
     The illustrative obturator  220  may further include an obturator handle  230  fixedly coupled to the tubular obturator body  222 . The obturator handle  230  may be integral to the tubular obturator body  222 ; permanently affixed to the exterior of the tubular obturator body  222 , such as by welding, glue, or epoxy; or removably affixed to the tubular obturator body  222 , such as by threading or chemical means. 
     Further still, the illustrative obturator  220  may include a tab  232  configured to interface with the notch  212  on the posterior end of the cannula  200 . The tab  232  may be located adjacent to the obturator handle  230  and may be located on the exterior surface of the obturator tubular body  222 . The tab  232  may be raised above the exterior surface of the obturator tubular body  222 . The tab  232  is fixedly coupled to one of the obturator handle  230  and the obturator tubular body  222 . In various embodiments, the tab  232  and the obturator handle  230  are formed from a single machined piece. In some embodiments, the obturator  220  includes a second tab  233  located at a second position about the exterior surface of the obturator tubular body  222 . 
     In a broad embodiment, the tolerance between the notch  212  and the tab  232  is 0.05 inches. In a narrower embodiment, the tolerance between the notch  212  and the tab  232  is 0.01 inches. In an even narrower embodiment, the tolerance between the notch  212  and the tab  232  is 0.001 inches. And in a still narrower embodiment, the tolerance between the notch  212  and the tab  232  is 0.0005 inches. 
     The insertion obturator  220  may further include a threaded posterior end  234 . The threaded posterior end  234  may be configured to receive a medication, numbing solution, anesthetic, and/or hydrodissecting fluid through a tubing from a syringe pump or other reservoir. By way of example and not of limitation, the threaded posterior end  234  includes a luer lock receptor, which is configured to interface with tubing that delivers a numbing solution, anesthetic, and/or hydrodissecting fluid. The numbing solution may include saline, lidocaine, and/or epinephrine. The tubing can be plastic, rubber, flexible, or rigid. In some embodiments, the threaded posterior end  234  surrounds the posterior obturator opening  226 . 
     More generally, the illustrative obturator  220  has a total length that may range from eighteen (18) centimeters up to twenty-two (22) centimeters, and an insertion length that may range from 15 cm up to 19 cm. The total obturator length is measured from the anterior point of the anterior rounded tip  224  to the posterior obturator opening  226 . The insertion length is measured from the anterior point of the anterior rounded tip  224  to the anterior surface of the obturator handle  230 . In one embodiment, the total obturator length is 19 cm and the insertion length is 16 cm. 
     In various embodiments, the obturator  220  is a single stainless steel or titanium piece, with no weak joints susceptible to failure. Thus, no element of the obturator  220  is likely to break or separate from a main body of the obturator and remain inside a patient&#39;s dermis or other cavity. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 2C , there is shown the illustrative obturator  220  inserted into the interior passage of the illustrative cannula  200  to form a non-disposable minimally traumatic trocar  240 , in which the portion of the obturator tubular body  222  within the interior passage of the cannula  200  is shown with dotted lines. 
     In the illustrative embodiment, the obturator  220  is long enough in comparison to the cannula  200 , that the rounded tip  224  and at least one opening  228  protrude beyond the anterior end of the cannula  200  and through the anterior cannula opening  204  when the obturator  220  is inserted into the cannula  200  so that the tab  232  interfaces with the notch  212 . In this illustrative embodiment, the rounded tip  224  may protrude up to 1 cm beyond the anterior end of the cannula  200  so that the rounded tip  224  separates tissue up to approximately 1 cm distal or in front of the anterior end of the cannula  200  with minimal micro-trauma upon insertion of the assembled trocar through an incision site to an insertion site. This additional length of the obturator  220  modifies tissue so that a later inserted medication pellet can be extruded further into the tissue, for example by tunneling the medication pellet through the tissue displaced by the additional length of the obturator  220  extending beyond the anterior end of the cannula  200 . 
     In another embodiment, the obturator  220  is long enough in comparison to the cannula  200 , that only the anterior rounded tip  224  protrudes beyond the anterior end of the cannula  200  and through the anterior cannula opening  204  when the obturator  220  is inserted into the cannula  200  so that the tab  232  interfaces with the notch  212 . 
     In other embodiments, the obturator  220  is long enough in comparison to the cannula  200 , that the rounded tip  224  and at least one opening  228  protrude beyond the anterior end of the cannula  200  and through the anterior cannula opening  204  when the obturator  220  is inserted into the cannula  200  so that the obturator handle  230  abuts the posterior cannula end. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 3A , there is shown an illustrative obturator anterior rounded tip  224   a  having seven (7) openings  228   a . The illustrative openings  228   a  may be proximate to the anterior point of the rounded tip  225   a  and arrayed in a spiral pattern along the tubular body of the obturator  222 , such that a second opening is 1 cm further from the anterior point of the rounded tip  225   a  than a first opening and radially separated from the first opening by an angle of 30 degrees. This separation may be greater, such as 2 cm and 60 degrees, or any combination of these linear and radial separations. Generally, the spiral pattern is achieved by continuation of the same separation from the second opening to a third opening as that from the first opening to the second opening. The openings  228   a  pass through the outer surface of the obturator to the interior. In an alternative embodiment, the openings  228   a  are arrayed in a circular pattern about the anterior rounded tip  224   a , such that the openings  228   a  are in a plane perpendicular to the length of the obturator  220 . In this alternative embodiment, the openings  228   a  are located in proximity to the anterior point of the rounded tip  225   a , such as within 2 cm of the anterior point of the rounded tip  225   a . In a modification of this alternative embodiment, the openings  228   a  are arrayed in a plane perpendicular to the length of the obturator  220 , and located within 1 cm of the anterior point of the rounded tip  225   a . In these alternative embodiments, the openings  228   a  are arrayed such that none of the openings  228   a  are situated along the tubular obturator body  222  and all of the openings  228   a  are equally distal, proximate, or distant from the anterior point of the rounded tip  225   a.    
     Referring now to  FIG. 3B , there is shown another illustrative obturator anterior rounded tip  224   b  having five (5) openings  228   b . The illustrative openings  228   b  may be proximate to the anterior point of the rounded tip  225   b  and are arrayed in a spiral pattern along the tubular body of the obturator  222 . The openings  228   b  pass through the outer surface of the obturator to the interior. In an alternative embodiment, the openings  228   b  are arrayed in a circular pattern about the anterior rounded tip  224   b , such that the openings  228   b  are in a plane perpendicular to the length of the obturator  220 . In this alternative embodiment, the openings  228   b  are located in proximity to the anterior point of the rounded tip  225   b , such as within 2 cm of the anterior point of the rounded tip  225   b . In a modification of this alternative embodiment, the openings  228   b  are arrayed in a plane perpendicular to the length of the obturator  220 , and located within 1 cm of the anterior point of the rounded tip  225   b . In these alternative embodiments, the openings  228   b  are arrayed such that none of the openings  228   b  are situated along the tubular obturator body  222  and all of the openings  228   b  are equally distal, proximate, or distant from the anterior point of the rounded tip  225   b.    
     Referring now to  FIG. 3C , there is shown a side view of the illustrative obturator anterior rounded tip  224   a  and some of its seven (7) openings  228   a  arrayed in a plane perpendicular to the length of the obturator. Three (3) of the openings  228   a  are in view, one (1) opening  229  is partially in view, and the remaining three (3) openings are not visible on the reverse side of the obturator. In this illustrative embodiment, the openings  228  are set back from the terminus of the tip  224  and entirely located on the tubular obturator body instead of any rounded portion of the tip  224 . 
     With reference now to  FIG. 3D , there is shown another illustrative obturator anterior rounded tip  224   d  having two (2) openings  228   d . The illustrative openings  228   d  may be proximate to the anterior point of the rounded tip  225   d  and are arrayed in a plane perpendicular to the length of the obturator  220 . The openings  228   d  are located in proximity to the anterior point of the rounded tip  225   d , such as within 2 cm of the anterior point of the rounded tip  225   d . In another embodiment, the openings  228   d  are arrayed in a plane perpendicular to the length of the obturator  220 , and located within 1 cm of the anterior point of the rounded tip  225   d . In these embodiments, the openings  228   d  are arrayed such that none of the openings  228   d  are situated along the tubular obturator body  222  and all of the openings  228   d  are equally distal, proximate, or distant from the anterior point of the rounded tip  225   d.    
     Referring now to  FIG. 3E , there is shown a side view of the illustrative obturator anterior rounded tip  224   d  and one (1) of its two (2) openings  228   d  arrayed in a plane perpendicular to the length of the obturator. The one opening not shown is not visible on the reverse side of the anterior rounded tip  224   d . In this illustrative embodiment, the openings  228  are set back from the terminus of the tip  224  and located on rounded portion of the tip  224 , instead of being partially or entirely located on the tubular obturator body. 
     As the number of openings proximate to the obturator anterior rounded tip  224  increase, the strength and durability of the tip  224  decreases. Therefore, certain embodiments may include fewer openings, such as one, two, three, or four openings. The reduced number of openings increases the structural integrity of the obturator  220 , and in particular the anterior rounded tip  224  of the obturator  220 . A further attribute of reducing the number of openings is an increased pressure of numbing solution or anesthetic delivered through the opening(s). As described below, increasing the delivery pressure of the numbing solution may improve hydrodissection, which has the advantageous effect of softening tissues and creating a surgical plane or fluid channel into which pellets are delivered. 
     With reference now to  FIG. 4A , there is shown an illustrative cannula  200  receiving a medication pellet  104  at the medication slot  208 . The received medication pellet  104  resides within the interior passage of the cannula  200 . By way of example and not of limitation, the medication slot  208  ranges in length from 0.6 inches down to 0.35 inches. In an illustrative embodiment, the medication slot  208  is 14 mm long and is configured to receive a ½ inch (13 mm) long medication pellet. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 4C , there is shown the illustrative obturator  220  inserted into the interior passage of the illustrative cannula  200  such that at least one medication pellet  104  passes through the anterior opening of the cannula  200 . The portion of the obturator tubular body  222  within the interior passage of the cannula  200  is shown with dotted lines. The obturator  220  is long enough in comparison to the cannula  200  that the anterior blunt tip  224  is of sufficient length to pass the medication pellet(s) through the cannula. 
     For example, the obturator  220  may extend up to one (1) centimeter beyond the anterior end of the cannula  200 . In this embodiment, the obturator is long enough to push one or more pellets  104  to and through the anterior cannula opening  204 . 
     In another embodiment, the obturator  220  is only long enough in comparison to the cannula  200  that the anterior blunt tip  224  is flush with the anterior end of the cannula  200  and the anterior cannula opening  204  when the obturator  220  is inserted into the cannula  200  to a maximum allowable extent. The maximum allowable extent is the point at which the obturator handle  230  abuts the posterior cannula opening  206  and the posterior end of the cannula  200 . 
     The minimally traumatic trocar apparatus described above may be embodied in a kit that includes the cannula  200 , the obturator  220 , a hydrodissection microcannula, and an outer package that houses the cannula, obturator, and hydrodissection microcannula. By way of example and not of limitation, the illustrative minimally traumatic trocar kit may also include a scalpel, scissors, forceps, bandages, a sterile field drape, gauze, antiseptic ointments, a wound closure component, and other such materials that may be used during the medical procedure. The scalpel may include the illustrative punch scalpel described below. In another embodiment, the kit includes a disposable trocar as described below. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 5A , there is shown a top view of an illustrative disposable obturator  500  having a tubular body  502 , an anterior rounded tip  504 , and one or more medication delivery markings  506  along the tubular body of the obturator  502 . The illustrative disposable obturator  500  also includes one or more tabs  508  and a textured handle  510 . In the illustrative embodiment, the tubular body  502  is of a solid construction with structural ribs representing or performing the secondary function of the medication delivery markings  506 . This solid construction prevents the disposable obturator  500  from being hollow or delivering hydrodissection fluid. The illustrative disposable obturator may be composed of a plastic material, such as an extruded plastic, that is intended for single use and is disposal. The extruded plastic may be high grade medical plastic, polystyrene (HIPS), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polypropylene (PP), high, low, or linear low density polyethylene (HDPR, LDPE, LLDPE), rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC), thermoplastics. Further, the extruded plastic may be non-toxic, free of lead, resistant to chemicals, high temperatures (i.e., sterilization temperatures), high wear, and corrosion resistant. 
     By way of example and not of limitation, the illustrative disposable obturator has a length from the anterior tip  504  to the textured handle  510  of between 4 inches and 7 inches and an outer diameter of between 6 mm and 3 mm. In a narrower embodiment, the obturator has a length of between 4½ and 5 inches and an outer diameter of between 3.3 mm and 3.7 mm. In one embodiment, the obturator length is 4.8 inches and the outer diameter is 3.5 mm. In another narrow embodiment, the obturator has a length of between 6 and 6.7 inches and an outer diameter of between 4½ mm and 6 mm. In one embodiment, the obturator length is 6.3 inches and the outer diameter is 4.9 mm. In another embodiment, the obturator length is 6.4 inches and the outer diameter is 5.6 mm. 
     The anterior rounded tip  504  may have substantially the same shape as the non-disposable anterior rounded tip  224  described in  FIGS. 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 3E . Thus, the anterior rounded tip  224  comprises a blunt surface that may be a continuous smooth surface or a semi-continuous smooth surface. 
     The textured handle  510  has a honeycombed structure that simultaneously reduces the amount of material required to form the handle and provides texture for gripping the handle. The solid structure of the obturator prevents delivery of hydrodissecting fluid through the obturator during insertion of the assembled disposable trocar into the subcutaneous tissue. However, this solid construction also obviates the need of a luer lock receptor on the posterior portion of the obturator handle, and provides the user with a more ergonomic grip that is easier for the user to manipulate during subcutaneous insertion. 
     With reference now to  FIG. 5B , there is shown a perspective view of the illustrative disposable obturator  500 . In this view, a depth or relief of the structural ribs or medication markings  506  can be seen. This depth or relief represents negative space formed as a result of the structure of the disposable obturator  500 . In the illustrative embodiment, the tubular body  502  of the disposable obturator is formed from two linear bars running lengthwise and oriented perpendicular to one another. These linear bars are supported by the medication marking ribs  506 , which are oriented orthogonal to the two linear bars, i.e. perpendicular to each linear bar. 
     This view also shows the height and orientation of two tabs  508  adjacent to the textured handle  510 . These tabs  508  are oriented with a long axis running parallel to the length of the disposable obturator tubular body  502 . Further, the tabs  508  are located radially about an outer surface of the disposable obturator tubular body  502 , such that the tabs are radially separated from one another by 180°. In other embodiments, fewer or greater than two tabs  508  are included on the disposable obturator. The orientation of the tabs  508  may be such that they are radially equidistant about the surface of the disposable obturator tubular body  502  from each other, i.e. three tabs are separated by 120° each, four tabs are separated by 90° each, and so on. In other embodiments, the tabs  508  may be oriented radially non-equidistant from one another about the surface of the disposable obturator tubular body  502 . 
     This view further shows the hollow recesses forming the honeycombed structure of the textured handle  510 . These hollow recesses may extend fully through the textured handle  510 . In another embodiment, these hollow recesses may not extend fully through the textured handle  510 , but instead stop at a solid division within the textured handle  510  that separates a top side of the textured handle  510  from a bottom side of the textured handle  510 . In some embodiments, the texture arises from cavities or depressions and ridges on the surface of the textured handle  510 . 
     Referring now to  FIG. 6A , there is shown an illustrative disposable cannula  600 , having a tubular cannula body  602 . The tubular cannula body  602  includes an anterior cannula opening  604  located at an anterior end  606  of the disposable cannula  600 . The anterior end  606  of the disposable cannula  600  includes a blunt or rounded cylindrical end, which limits the trauma to surrounding tissue during subcutaneous implant procedure. In one embodiment, the cylindrical end of the cannula is blunted by beveling the end. The bevel blunts the cylindrical end of the cannula in this structure, because the beveled edge abuts the outer surface of the obturator tubular body and lies flush or very nearly flush against this outer surface. This blunting may also be achieved with a chamfer, a fillet, rounding to create a rounded shape, or any other method of smoothing the right angle where the outer surface of the tubular body of the cannula meets the cylindrical end of the cannula. The tubular cannula body  602  further includes a posterior cannula opening  608  located at a posterior end  610  of the disposable cannula  600 . The tubular cannula body  602  is hollow, providing a passage through the disposable cannula  600  and connecting the anterior cannula opening  604  to the posterior cannula opening  608 . Thus, the tubular cannula body  602  includes an interior passage disposed between the posterior cannula end  608  and the anterior cannula end  604 . 
     In the illustrative embodiment, the posterior end  610  of the disposable cannula  600  includes one or more notches  612  configured to interface or interlock with one or more tabs  508  of the disposable obturator  500  upon full insertion of the disposable obturator  500  into the interior passage of the disposable cannula  600 . In illustrative embodiment, the one or more notches  612  are located at the posterior end  610  of the tubular cannula body  602 . The one or more notch  612  may be hyperbolic, rectangular, or triangular in shape and configured to interface with the correspondingly shaped tab  508  of the disposable obturator  500 . In the illustrative embodiment, two notches  612  are located radially around the posterior end  610  of the tubular cannula body  602 , such that the notches  612  are radially separated from one another by 180°. In other embodiments, fewer or greater than two notches  612  are included on the disposable cannula  600 . The orientation of the notches  612  may be such that they are radially equidistant around the posterior end  610  of the tubular cannula body  602  from each other, i.e. three notches are separated by 120° each, four notches are separated by 90° each, and so on. In other embodiments, the notches  612  may be oriented radially non-equidistant from one another about the posterior end  610  of the tubular cannula body  602 . In all embodiments, the one or more notches  612  are oriented to correspond to the orientation of one or more corresponding tabs  508  of the disposable obturator  500 . 
     In the illustrative embodiment, the disposable cannula  600  further includes a medication slot  614  on a portion of the tubular cannula body  602 . The slot  614  is configured or sized to receive a medication pellet and thereby allow the medication pellet access to the interior passage of the disposable cannula  600 . The slot  614  may be located anywhere along the tubular body  602  of the disposable cannula  600 , such as more proximate to the posterior end  610  of the disposable cannula  600  than a textured handle  616 . The textured handle  616  includes hollow recesses forming a honeycombed structure. These hollow recesses may extend fully through the textured handle  616 . In another embodiment, these hollow recesses may not extend fully through the textured handle  616 , but instead stop at a solid division within the textured handle  616  that forms part of the interior passage of the disposable cannula  600 . In some embodiments, the texture arises from cavities or depressions and ridges on the surface of the textured handle  616 . 
     The textured handle  616  may be fixedly coupled to the tubular cannula body  602 . The textured handle  616  may be permanently affixed to the exterior of the tubular cannula body  602 , removably affixed to the tubular cannula body  602 , such as by a snap, clip, collar, threading or chemical means, or may be integral to the disposable cannula  600 . Thus, the tubular cannula body  602  and the textured handle  616  may be molded as a single piece. 
     In the illustrative embodiment, the textured handle  616  and the portions of the disposable cannula located posterior to the textured handle  616 , such as the medication slot  614  and posterior cannula end  610 , collectively comprise a posterior portion of the disposable cannula  600 , while the tubular cannula body  602  comprises an anterior portion of the disposable cannula  600 . The posterior portion may be constructed of a plastic material, such as an extruded plastic, that is intended for single use and is disposable, while the anterior portion of the disposable cannula may be constructed from metal, such as aluminum, titanium, or stainless steel. The extruded plastic may be high grade medical plastic, polystyrene (HIPS), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polypropylene (PP), high, low, or linear low density polyethylene (HDPR, LDPE, LLDPE), rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC), thermoplastics. Further, the extruded plastic may be non-toxic, free of lead, resistant to chemicals, high temperatures (i.e., sterilization temperatures), high wear, and corrosion resistant. The posterior and anterior portions of the disposable cannula may be removably coupled to one another with a snap, clip, collar, or threading. 
     In the illustrative embodiment, the disposable cannula  600  further includes one or more cannula marking  618  along the tubular cannula body  602 . In various embodiments, the cannula markings  618  are visible on the exterior of the tubular cannula body  602 . Visibility of the cannula markings  618  may be achieved by scoring, embossing, raising, or coloring. Coloring may include paint, ink, anodizing, or other similarly permanent and visible techniques suitable for use in sterile operations. Where the cannula markings  618  are not scored, embossed, or raised, the cannula markings  618  may be flush with the exterior of the tubular cannula body  602 . The cannula markings  618  correspond to a medication length, and serve to aid a doctor or assistant in determining the number of medications or amount of medications administered through the disposable cannula  600 . In one embodiment, the cannula markings  618  may be embodied as sunk depressions. 
     With reference now to  FIG. 6B , there is shown the disposable cannula  600  from a side view. This side view shows ergonomic contours on the textured handle  616  designed to conform more closely to an operator&#39;s thumb, fingers, and hand. These ergonomic contours in combination with the texture of the handle  616  improve an operator&#39;s grip and comfort when handling and using the disposable cannula  600 . This view also shows that the outer diameter of the posterior portion of the cannula is larger than the outer diameter of the anterior portion. This disparity in outer diameter size arises from the construction materials used for the illustrative example. In the illustrative cannula, the anterior portion comprises a tube of metal fabrication, while the posterior portion is medical grade plastic. The medical grade plastic construction may require thicker walls, such that an interior diameter that matches for the anterior and posterior portions of the disposable cannula  600  requires that the outer diameter of the posterior portion be larger than that of the anterior portion. 
     By way of example and not of limitation, the illustrative disposable cannula  600  has a length from the anterior end  606  to the textured handle  616  of between 2 inches and 5 inches, an outer diameter of between 7 mm and 4 mm, and an inner diameter of between 6 mm and 3 mm. In a narrower embodiment, the disposable cannula has a length of between 4½ and 3½ inches, an outer diameter of between 7 mm and 5 mm, and an inner diameter of between 6 mm and 4½ mm. In one embodiment, the disposable cannula length is 4 inches, the outer diameter is 6.6 mm, and the inner diameter is 5.8 mm. In another embodiment, the disposable cannula length is 4 inches, the outer diameter is 5½ mm, and the inner diameter is 5 mm. In another narrow embodiment, the disposable cannula has a length of between 3 and 2 inches, an outer diameter of between 4½ mm and 4 mm, and an inner diameter of between 4 mm and 3½ mm. In one embodiment, the disposable cannula length is 2½ inches, the outer diameter is 4.2 mm, and the inner diameter is 3.7 mm. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 6C , there is shown a perspective view of the disposable cannula  600 . This view shows the depth of the hollows comprising the texture of the textured handle  616  and the wall thickness of the posterior portion of the disposable cannula (particularly at the medication slot  614 ). Additionally, this view shows where the textured handle  616  overlaps with the tubular cannula body  602  in order to facilitate coupling the anterior portion of the disposable cannula and the posterior portion of the disposable cannula. In some embodiments, the snap, clip, collar, or threading are internal to the textured handle  616  that couple the textured handle  616  and posterior portion of the disposable cannula to the tubular cannula body  602  and anterior portion of the disposable cannula. 
       FIG. 7  shows the disposable cannula  600  and disposable obturator  500  assembled into a disposable minimally traumatic trocar  700 . The outer diameter of the tubular obturator body  502  is sized and configured to fit within the interior passage of the disposable cannula tubular body  602  by being 0.001 inches to 0.02 inches less than the inner diameter of the disposable cannula tubular body  602 . In the illustrative embodiment, the tolerance (or difference) between the inner diameter of the disposable tubular cannula body  602  and the outer diameter of the disposable tubular obturator body  502  is 0.006 inches. As described above, the solid structure of the obturator obviates the need of a luer lock receptor on the posterior portion of the obturator handle, and provides the user with a more ergonomic grip which makes it easier for the user to manipulate the assembled disposable trocar  700  during subcutaneous insertion. 
     With reference now to  FIG. 8 , there is shown an infusion cannula or a hydrodissection microcannula  800 . The hydrodissection microcannula  800  includes an attachment hub  802 , a shaft  804 , and a tip  806 . The attachment hub  802  serves to couple the hydrodissection microcannula  800  to a syringe containing a hydrodissection fluid. The attachment hub  802  may include a female luer lock fitting, a polypropylene slip hub, or other comparable fitting for connecting the hydrodissection microcannula  800  to a syringe. The shaft  804  may comprise a medical grade microcannula ranging from 10 gauge (outer diameter=3.4 mm; inner diameter=2.7 mm) down to 30 gauge (outer diameter=3.1 mm; inner diameter=0.16 mm), and have a length ranging from 8 cm to 15 cm. In one embodiment, the hydrodissection microcannula  800  has a length of 10 cm. In another embodiment, the hydrodissection microcannula  800  has a length of 12 cm. The shaft  804  is a hollow tube constructed from biocompatible, pharmacologically inert, non-toxic materials, such as medical grade plastics, stainless steel, carbon steel, nickel plated, and any combination thereof. In the illustrative embodiment, the shaft  804  is a 14 gauge stainless steel construct that is 15 cm long. The tip  806  of the hydrodissection microcannula has an anterior opening or port to the hollow interior of the shaft, and a blunt shape lacking a sharp, beveled, or incising point. Without a surface for a bevel to lie flush against, the bevel would act as a sharp cutting edge. In one embodiment, the hydrodissection microcannula  800  is a polydioxanone (PDO) thread microcannula. In another embodiment, the hydrodissection microcannula  800  is a microcannula. 
       FIGS. 9A-D  shown various types of blunt tip embodiments for the hydrodissection microcannula  800 . These types of microcannula tips require an existing incision through the skin into the subcutaneous tissue in order to penetrate along an insertion path and deliver hydrodissection fluid despite a narrow gauge shaft.  FIG. 9A  shows a microcannula shaft  900  having a flat blunt tip  902  that forms a 90° angle with the length of the shaft  900 . The port or opening for hydrodissection fluid is the anterior surface of the tip  902 , which is open to the hollow shaft interior. 
       FIG. 9B  shows a microcannula shaft  910  having a conical taper  912  to a flat blunt tip  914  that forms a 90° angle with the length of the shaft  910 , but forms an acute angle with the outer surface of the conical taper  912 . The port or opening for hydrodissection fluid is the anterior surface of the tip  912 , which is open to the hollow shaft interior. 
       FIG. 9C  shows a microcannula shaft  920  having a continuous conical shape coming to a smooth anterior end forming the tip  922 . The continuous conical shape is possible in this type of tip because the port or opening  924  for hydrodissection fluid is not located at the anterior terminus of the shaft  920 . Instead, this type of microcannula shaft includes the port or opening  924  along the shaft  920 , near the anterior terminus of the tip  922 . In some embodiments, the port or opening  924  may be situated along the shaft  920  prior to the conical portion of the tip, i.e. situated where the shaft walls are parallel and before the inner and outer diameters begin decreasing to zero at the anterior terminus of the tip  922 . In other embodiments, the port or opening  924  may be situated along the shaft  920  where the conical taper of the tip  922  begins, thus the port or opening  924  is situated in part where the shaft walls are parallel and in part on the conical portion of the tip  922 . In still other embodiments, the port or opening  924  is located entirely on the conical taper of the tip  922 . 
       FIG. 9D  shows a microcannula shaft  930  having a continuous or semi-continuous conical shape coming to a broad pointed anterior end forming the tip  932 . The continuous or semi-continuous conical shape is possible in this type of tip because the port or opening  934  for hydrodissection fluid is not located at the anterior terminus of the shaft  930 . Instead, this type of microcannula shaft includes the port or opening  934  along the shaft  930 , near the anterior terminus of the tip  932 . In some embodiments, the port or opening  934  may be situated along the shaft  930  prior to the conical portion of the tip, i.e. situated where the shaft walls are parallel and before the inner and outer diameters begin decreasing to zero at the anterior terminus of the tip  932 . In other embodiments, the port or opening  934  may be situated along the shaft  930  where the conical taper of the tip  932  begins, thus the port or opening  934  is situated in part where the shaft walls are parallel and in part on the conical portion of the tip  932 . In still other embodiments, the port or opening  934  is located entirely on the conical taper of the tip  932 . 
     With reference now to  FIGS. 10A-C , there is shown an illustrative punch scalpel  1000  that includes a bracket  1002  and a scalpel blade  1004 . Referring now to  FIG. 10A , the punch scalpel  1000  is shown from the front. The bracket  1002  houses the scalpel blade  1004  and includes ridges  1006  for a texture grip that allows a doctor or other practitioner to more easily grasp the punch scalpel and therefore improves the overall ergonomic design. In some embodiments, the bracket also includes a base  708  that is perpendicular to the scalpel blade  1004 , and enables a stable placement of the punch scalpel on a patient&#39;s dermis. In various embodiments, the punch scalpel  1000  can further include a scalpel handle (not shown) extending beyond the scalpel bracket  1002  above and connected to the scalpel blade  1004 . In other embodiments, the bracket base is the same width as the bracket. 
     With reference now to  FIG. 10B , there is shown the illustrative punch scalpel from a side view. In the illustrative example, the ridges  1006  are raised above the surface of the bracket  1002 . However, in various embodiments, the ridges  1006  may be depressed below the surface of the bracket  1002 , or be flush with the surface of the bracket  1002  and have a texture that improves or provides a grip. The bracket base  708  extends beyond the thickness of the bracket  1002  to create a stable platform for a doctor or other practitioner to brace the punch scalpel against the patient&#39;s dermis. The scalpel blade  1004  has a thickness that is less than the thickness of the bracket  1002 , in order to allow the bracket  1002  to house the scalpel blade  1004 . 
     Referring now to  FIG. 10C , there is shown the punch scalpel bracket  1002  from below. The punch scalpel bracket  1002  includes guide slot  1010  that houses the scalpel blade (not shown). Additionally, the base  1008  of the bracket  1002  includes a guide notch  1012  that corresponds to the center of the scalpel blade and the center of any incision made by the scalpel blade. 
     With reference now to  FIGS. 11A and 11B , there is shown illustrative scalpel blades  1100  and  1110 , respectively. Both scalpel blades  1100  and  1110  include cutting edges  1102 , as well as mounting points  1104   a  and  1104   b  centered within an upper body  1106 . Additionally, scalpel blade  1100  includes ledge  1108 , which is an artifact arising from the greater width of the scalpel blade edge  1102  with respect to the upper body  1106 . The mounting points  1104   a  and  1104   b  provide points of attachment for a scalpel handle (not shown) or for guides notches/grooves within the bracket  1002 . 
     In one embodiment, the minimally traumatic trocar kit is a disposable kit that includes the disposable obturator  500 , the disposable cannula  600 , and instructions informing a user on how to assemble the disposable trocar and deliver pellets to a subcutaneous delivery site, all housed within a disposable packaging. The disposable packaging can be plastic, paper, rigid, flexible, or any combination thereof. In one embodiment, the package is a tray configured to hold the kit elements and a peel-back covering material that seals with the tray, thereby housing the kit elements. The tray may be plastic, cardboard, layered paper, or any other commercially viable material. 
     The kit elements may comprise the disposable obturator  500 , the disposable cannula  600 , the hydrodissection microcannula  800 , a sterile field drape, antiseptic ointment(s), a syringe, gauze, a scalpel, a cup, forceps, bandages, other wound closure components, and other such materials that may be used during the medical procedure. In an exemplary embodiment, the syringe is a 10 ml syringe for delivering hydrodissection fluid. The scalpel can include an 11 blade scalpel or the punch scalpel  1000 . The cup may be plastic, compostable, or otherwise single use. The wound closure components can include butterfly strips, thread and needle (i.e., stitches), or tissue adhesive. The antiseptic ointments can include chlorhexidine sticks, alcohol swabs, and other disinfectants. In an exemplary embodiment, the bandage is a Tegaderm™ transparent film bandage. 
     With reference now to  FIG. 12A , there is shown an illustrative cannula  200  loaded with several medication pellets  104  and an illustrative obturator  220  positioned near the cannula  200  in preparation to deliver the medication pellets  104  by extruding or forcing the pellets  104  through the cannula  200 . The length from the most posterior marking  214   a  on the cannula  200  to the posterior cannula opening  206  and posterior end of the cannula  200  corresponds to the length from the anterior blunt or rounded tip  224  to the most anterior marking  227   a  on the obturator  220 . 
     Referring now to  FIG. 12B , the obturator  220  is inserted into the interior passage of the cannula  200  so that the most anterior marking  227   a  on the obturator  220  are adjacent to the posterior cannula opening  206 . The portion of the obturator  220  that is within the interior passage of the cannula  200  is represented by dotted lines. In this configuration, the blunt tip  224  of the obturator  220  pushes the medication pellets  104  into positions in the interior passage of the cannula  200  corresponding to the cannula markings  214 . 
     Referring now to  FIG. 12C , the obturator  220  is inserted into the interior passage of the cannula  200  so that the second most anterior marking  227   b  on the obturator  220  is adjacent to the posterior cannula opening  206 . When the obturator  220  is inserted into the interior passage of the cannula  200  to such a length, the most anterior marking  227   a  on the obturator  220  is disposed within the interior passage of the cannula  200 , the blunt tip  224  of the obturator  220  is aligned with the second most posterior marking  214   b  of the cannula  200 ; and the anterior most medication pellet  104   a  passes through the anterior opening  204  of the cannula  200 . This causes the anterior most medication pellet  104   a  to be delivered to a delivery site. 
     With reference now to  FIG. 12D , the obturator  220  is inserted into the interior passage of the cannula  200  to the full length of the obturator  220 , where the obturator handle  230  abuts the posterior opening  206  of the cannula  200 . In this configuration, the medication pellets  104  are extruded and delivered even though a portion of the most posterior medication pellet  104   b  remains within the interior passage of the cannula  200 . A portion of the most posterior medication pellet  104   b  remains within the interior passage of the cannula  200  because this illustrative obturator embodiment has a length that does not extend the blunt tip  224  of the obturator  220  up to or through the anterior opening  204  of the cannula  200  at the anterior end of the cannula  200 . The portion of the most posterior medication pellet  104   b  remaining within the interior passage of the cannula  200  is represented by dotted lines, while the portion of the most posterior medication pellet  104   b  that has been extruded from or through the anterior opening  204  of the cannula  200  is represented by solid lines. Notably, in embodiments where the obturator is long enough to extend to and/or through the anterior opening of the cannula  204  the most posterior medication pellet  104   b  is fully ejected from the cannula in to the subcutaneous delivery site. This full ejection/extrusion of the most posterior medication pellet  104   b  also occurs when the obturator  220  used is long enough to extend through the cannula  200  and out of the anterior cannula opening  204  when inserted into the interior passage of the tubular cannula body  202 . 
     An important feature of the systems and apparatus disclosed by  FIGS. 12A-D  is that a single obturator  220  is used to insert the atraumatic trocar as well as extrude medication pellets  104  from the interior passage of the cannula  200  for delivery to a delivery site. Notably, prior art trocar apparatus, systems, and methods required the use of a separate delivery obturator because the angled cutting edge on the insertion obturator was not suitable to delivering pellets. The angled cutting edge could cause the pellet and insertion obturator to become stuck in the cannula or shear/shatter the pellet prior to delivery in subcutaneous tissue. However, the rounded anterior tip of the obturator  220  disclosed herein allows for delivery of pellets to subcutaneous tissue through the cannula without concerns that the pellets will shatter or become stuck. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 13 , there is shown an illustrative insertion area  1300  and assembled minimally traumatic trocar  1310  having a centerline  1312 . The insertion area  1300  is demarcated by the dotted line representing the boundary of an internal cavity of surrounding subcutaneous tissue, and includes an incision site  1302 , an insertion path  1304 , a delivery site  1306 , and a delivery area  1308 . The assembled minimally traumatic trocar  1310  follows the insertion path  1304  to the delivery site  1306  by angling the centerline  1312  along an arc  1314  during insertion from a right centerline extreme  1312   a  to a left centerline extreme  1312   b , repeatedly. The insertion path  1304  runs below and approximately parallel to the epidermis tissue layer, through the dermis and ultimately into the subcutaneous tissue, without descending through or below the fascia into muscle, skeletal, or other deeper tissue/organs. The insertion path  1304  may also be described as extending into the incision site  1302 , and down through the epidermis and dermis into the subcutaneous tissue. Further still, the insertion path  1304  may be described as traveling parallel and below the epidermis and dermis, as well as through the and within the subcutaneous tissue. 
     The precise track of the insertion path  1304  will vary with every insertion depending upon the tissue and other connective structures encountered by the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  1310 . Thus, the back-and-forth weaving of the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  1310  may oscillate between the right centerline extreme  1312   a  and the left centerline extreme  1312   b  inconsistently, such that the oscillating path varies in both frequency and amplitude. For example, a medical professional operating the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  1310  may direct the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  1310  from the centerline path  1312  directly between the right centerline extreme  1312   a  and the left centerline extreme  1312   b  somewhat towards the right centerline extreme  1312   a  to bounce off a fibrous septa of tissue, then encounter still more connective or other tissue impeding the progress of the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  1310  along that path that requires the medical professional direct the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  1310  further towards the right centerline extreme  1312   a  before avoiding still another portion of denser tissue (such as peripheral somatic nerves or constricted blood vessels, i.e. arterioles or venuoles) which then causes the medical professional to direct the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  1310  back towards the left centerline extreme  1312   b . In this manner the insertion path  1304  may be irregular and non-linear in order to avoid, slip past, bounce off of, deflect, and prevent trauma or other damage to various tissue structures encountered by the rounded tip. 
     With reference now to  FIG. 14 , there are shown medication pellets  104  delivered subcutaneously in the delivery area  1308  through the incision site  1302  on the skin and dermis of a patient from a cannula  200  inserted along the illustrative insertion path  1304 . The swerving, curving, and weaving insertion path  1304  allows an assembled minimally traumatic trocar to slip past various connective and fatty tissues causing only micro-trauma and creating a linear space for the cannula  200 . The connective and fatty tissues can variously include nerve tissue, blood vessels, arterioles, venuoles, capillaries, and lymphatic tissue. Upon removal of the cannula  200  during medication pellet  104  delivery, the connective and fatty tissues return toward their original position and pushing the delivered medication pellets  104  askew or off-kilter and effectively locking the medication pellets  104  in place in the subcutaneous tissue. Therefore, even though the medication pellets are extruded/delivered from the anterior opening of the cannula  200  along a linear path corresponding to the length of the linear cannula, the medication pellets arrive at final delivery positions within the subcutaneous tissue in a non-linear path as a result of the non-linear insertion path traversed by the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  1310  during insertion. The final delivery positions of the medication pellets may form a delivery pattern along a delivery path that differs from the insertion path taken by the assembled atraumatic trocar. The delivery path runs from the delivery site, where the anterior rounded tip of the obturator reached upon full insertion and where a first medication pellet may be deposited, along a trail formed by the sequentially deposited medication pellets to the incision through which the obturator entered the patient&#39;s tissue. 
     In an alternative embodiment, the non-linear swerving, curving, and/or weaving insertion path  1304  may displace various connective, fatty, and other tissues without causing trauma such that deposited medication pellets are aligned in a linear or near linear pattern (i.e., deposition path) due to the accumulated action and force of the displaced tissues returning toward their original position around the deposited medication pellets. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 15 , there are shown medication pellets  104  delivered through the incision site  1302  along a linear insertion path  1304   a  and an assembled minimally traumatic trocar  1320 . Medication pellets  104  may be spaced evenly, irregularly, or in groups (i.e., two medication pellets close together, adjacent, or abutting, two other medication pellets similarly close to one another but relatively further from the first two medication pellets, and so on). These groups may be of two or more pellets each. Although  FIG. 15  shows medication pellets  104  deposited in a nearly perfect linear orientation, the medication pellets  104  may only be in approximately a linear orientation with one or more of the medication pellets  104  being deposited slightly off of the linear centerline. 
     With reference to  FIG. 16 , there is shown an insertion area  1300   a  containing two sets of delivered medication pellets  104 , wherein the medication pellets  104  are delivered along separate insertion paths  1304   c  and  1304   b . The separate insertion paths  1304   b  and  1304   c  are separated by an angular distance  1321  corresponding to the angle  1322   c  or  1322   b  at which the centerline  1312   a  and  1312   b  of the assembled minimally traumatic trocar (not shown) was inserted into the incision site  1302  and from which it was removed. In the illustrative embodiment, the sum of angles  1321 ,  1322   c , and  1322   b  is 180°. The angles  1322   c  and  1322   b  may be equal or not equal, and may range from a value of 0° through 180°. Thus, the separate insertion paths  1304   b  and  1304   c  form a fan arrangement, and in some embodiments multiple insertion paths may be made between or outside of the insertion paths  1304   b  and  1304   c . Although the medication pellets of insertion paths  1304   b  and  1304   c  are only approximately linearly deposited, they may each be perfectly or near perfectly linearly deposited. Further, the insertion paths  1304   b  and  1304   c  are not limited to linear embodiments, and may include curved, oscillating, and other non-linear paths. 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 17A-C , there is shown a method of subcutaneous medication delivery  1700  causing only minimal micro-trauma. The minimally traumatic trocar used in this and the following steps of the method  1700  may be formed from either the non-disposable cannula  200  and obturator  220  of  FIGS. 2A-C , or the disposable cannula  600  and obturator  500  of  FIGS. 5 and 6 . Where a disposable cannula  600  and obturator  500  are employed, a preliminary step of opening an minimally traumatic trocar kit may be required. In one embodiment, the minimally traumatic trocar kit is disposable and contains a disposable obturator  500 , a disposable cannula  600 , and a punch scalpel  1000 . In further embodiments, the minimally traumatic trocar kit also includes a hydrodissection microcannula  800 , scissors, bandages, and antiseptic ointments, as well as instructions informing a user on how to assemble the disposable trocar  700  and deliver pellets to a subcutaneous delivery site. 
     The method begins in  FIG. 17A  at step  1701 , where local anesthetic is administered to numb the general delivery area or insertion area  1300 . The local anesthetic may be topical or one or more injections. 
     The method  1700  continues at step  1702  by making an incision at an insertion site  1302 . The incision can be made with a scalpel or other cutting edge. In some embodiments, the incision is made by the punch scalpel  1000 . In operation the punch scalpel base  1008  is placed on a patient&#39;s skin at an insertion site. The scalpel blade  1004  is then pressed or plunged into the patient&#39;s skin to an incision depth. The incision depth is limited by the punch scalpel bracket. In one embodiment the scalpel blade is plunged into the patient&#39;s skin using a scalpel handle attached to the scalpel blade  1000 . The incision width is limited to the width of the scalpel blade  1004 . In another embodiment, the operator confirms that the scalpel blade  1004  is aligned with the desired insertion site by positioning one or more guide notches  1012  at the desired insertion site. In other embodiments, a preliminary step of diagramming the incision and delivery path(s) is performed, where a medical professional uses a temporary or indelible marking instrument (such as a felt tip pen) to identify both the incision site and the proposed insertion path(s) extending from the insertion site. These markings then operate as a guide for the medical profession during performance of the remaining steps of method  1700 . 
     After making an incision at the insertion site  1302 , at step  1704  a blunt tipped hydrodissection microcannula  800  is inserted into the incision, through the epidermis and dermis into the subcutaneous tissue. This insertion begins or creates the insertion path  1304 , which the minimally traumatic trocar later follows. The hydrodissection microcannula  800  may be inserted along a linear insertion path to an insertion depth or length. In other embodiments, the hydrodissection microcannula  800  may be inserted along a curved, side-to-side, oscillating, or otherwise non-linear insertion path to an insertion depth or length. In all embodiments, the hydrodissection microcannula  800  is inserted into the incision at an angle that is perpendicular or non-parallel to the surface of the surrounding skin in order to pass through a fascia layer, before being angled parallel to the surface of the surrounding skin and traveling along an insertion path. In one embodiment, the hydrodissection microcannula  800  is inserted into the incision at an angle that is perpendicular or non-parallel to the surface of the surrounding skin in order to pass through a superficial fat cell layer and a scarpa fascia tissue layer to enter a deep fat tissue layer. In the illustrative embodiment, the hydrodissection microcannula  800  is a 14-gauge stainless steel microcannula that is 15 cm long. 
     At step  1706 , during insertion of the hydrodissection microcannula  800  into the incision and along the insertion path  1304 , hydrodissecting fluid is injected along the insertion path  1304  into the tissues surrounding the insertion path  1304 . The hydrodissecting fluid may comprise a 10 mL dose that is injected at one point of the insertion path, periodically along the insertion path, or continuously along the insertion path. Doses of hydrodissection fluid may range from 1 mL up to 20 mL. Men and women may require different doses generally, i.e. 10 mL for men and 5 mL for women. When the hydrodissecting fluid is injected at only one point of the insertion path, it diffuses into the surrounding subcutaneous tissue, superhydrating the tissue and creating a short dissection plane so that the hydrodissection microcannula  800  may more easily travel through the subcutaneous tissue with only minimal micro-trauma. When the hydrodissecting fluid is injected periodically or continuously along the insertion path, the hydrodissecting fluid superhydrates tissues and creates a dissection plane along the entirety of the insertion path. In all embodiments, the hydrodissection fluid atraumatically enlarges the space or cavity of the delivery site and lubricates the entry of the later assembled minimally traumatic trocar  700  into the various tissues by gently hydrating, softening, and displacing those tissues from the insertion path. In this manner, hydrodissection facilitates easier, simpler, and less painful delivery of the medication pellets. Hydrodissection is especially useful for facilitating insertions into scarred and/or fibrotic tissues, such as tissues that were the site of previous traumatic insertions, and/or repeated insertions. 
     At decision diamond  1708 , a determination is made as to whether additional doses of hydrodissection fluid are required. A medical professional may determine to inject an additional dose of hydrodissection fluid when the initial injection of hydrodissection fluid fails to adequately ease insertion of the hydrodissecting microcannula  800  to a desired length or depth along the insertion path. Such a determination may be made when the initial insertion of the hydrodissection microcannula  800  encounters a blockage or firm tissue that prevents minimally traumatic insertion. Additional doses of hydrodissection fluid may cause the blockage or firm tissue to superhydrate and more easily shift out of the insertion path. In other embodiments, an additional dose of hydrodissection fluid is delivered along a path parallel and adjacent to the first dose to provide a wider insertion path for the later delivered pellets. Additional doses of hydrodissection fluid may require removal of the hydrodissection microcannula  800  or simply the removal of a syringe attached/coupled to the hydrodissection microcannula  800  and replacement with a refilled or second syringe having the additional dose of hydrodissection fluid. 
     Upon injecting one or more doses of hydrodissection fluid, the method continues at step  1710  where the hydrodissection microcannula  800  is removed from the insertion path and incision. After removal of the hydrodissection microcannula  800 , superhydrated subcutaneous tissue surrounding a dissection plane and the insertion path remain. 
     At step  1712 , a blunt edged cannula and round tipped obturator are combined to form a minimally traumatic trocar. The minimally traumatic trocar used in this and the following steps of the method  1700  may be formed from either the non-disposable cannula  200  and obturator  220  of  FIGS. 2A-C , or the disposable cannula  600  and obturator  500  of  FIGS. 5 and 6 . Where a disposable cannula  600  and obturator  500  are employed, a preliminary step of opening a minimally traumatic trocar kit may be required. In one embodiment, the minimally traumatic trocar kit is disposable and contains a disposable obturator  500 , a disposable cannula  600 , and a punch scalpel  1000 . In further embodiments, the minimally traumatic trocar kit also includes a hydrodissection microcannula  800 , scissors, bandages, and antiseptic ointments, as well as instructions informing a user on how to assemble the disposable trocar  700  and deliver pellets to a subcutaneous delivery site. 
     In the illustrative disposable embodiment, the rounded tip  504  of the obturator  500  is inserted into the posterior cannula opening  608  and through the interior passage of the cannula  600 , so that the rounded tip  504  extends out through the anterior cannula opening  604 . In a further embodiment, the obturator  500  is inserted into the posterior cannula opening  608  so that the tab  508  on the obturator  500  interfaces with the notch  612  of the cannula  600 , and causes the assembled disposable minimally traumatic trocar to rotate about the central longitudinal axis as a single unit, i.e. rotating the obturator handle  510  causes the cannula  600  to rotate the same amount, and rotating the cannula handle  616  causes the obturator  500  to rotate the same amount as well. In some embodiments, the medical professional performing the minimally traumatic trocar insertion waits between 1 minute and 10 minutes after completion of hydrodissection with the hydrodissecting microcannula  800  prior to initiating step  1712  by inserting the assembled disposable minimally traumatic trocar  700  into the incision and along the insertion path. In a narrower embodiment, the medical professional performing the minimally traumatic trocar insertion waits 5 minutes after completion of hydrodissection with the hydrodissecting microcannula  800  prior to initiating step  1712  by inserting the assembled disposable minimally traumatic trocar  700  into the incision and along the insertion path. In another embodiment, the medical professional does not wait after completion of the hydrodissection to initiate step  1712 , but instead proceeds directly to initiate step  1712 . 
     At step  1714 , the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  700  is inserted into the incision site that is also termed an insertion site. The anterior rounded tip  504  of the obturator  500  and thus, the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  700 , enters the incision site, followed by the remaining portions of the minimally traumatic trocar  700  as described further below. 
     At step  1716 , the incision site is probed with the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  700  along an insertion path to a predetermined insertion length. The hydrodissection fluid delivered by the hydrodissection microcannula  800  effectively lubricated the insertion path for passage of the assembled minimally traumatic obturator  700  by creating a fluid buffer into which the assembled atraumatic obturator  700  enters, and gently separating the various tissues that are encountered along the insertion path by the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  700  during probing along the insertion path. This lubricating effect softens and hydrates the tissues of the insertion path, easing and improving the maneuverability of the minimally traumatic trocar  700  within the tissue. 
     The insertion path may be linear or non-linear, and one or more insertion paths may originate at the same insertion site and be angled away from one another in a fan-like orientation to allow the delivery of more medication pellets through a single incision.  FIG. 15  demonstrates a linear insertion path  1304   a  followed by the assembled minimally traumatic trocar under the direction of a doctor or other medical professional,  FIG. 16  demonstrates angled insertion paths  1304   b  and  1304   c , and  FIGS. 13 and 14  demonstrate an oscillating insertion path  1304 . An insertion path may only be angled with respect to another insertion path passing through the same incision site  1302  as the first insertion path. An oscillating insertion path  1304  may be achieved by directing the posterior portion of the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  700  in a side-to-side fashion. The side-to-side, wiggle-waggle, weaving, and/or oscillating motion operates to pass the rounded tip  504  around and past connective tissues in the subcutaneous tissue. 
     In operation, a doctor or assistant gently pushes the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  700  along an insertion path, moving the posterior portion of the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  700  to one side or the other as the doctor or operator feels resistance from connective tissues and fatty tissues impeding the passage of the minimally traumatic trocar  700  along the insertion path. The predetermined length to which the insertion path is probed may be measured by observing the deformation or bulging of the outer dermis layer caused by the passage of the minimally traumatic trocar  700  passing through the various subcutaneous tissues, i.e. fatty tissue, connective tissue, capillaries, venuoles, arterioles, nerves, etc. In other embodiments, the predetermined length may be measured using the cannula markings  618 . Using the cannula markings  618  ensures that the insertion length is sufficient that all of the later loaded medication pellets  104  can be deposited within the subcutaneous tissue or to ensure that the medication pellets  104  are deposited a desired distance from the incision  1302 . 
     At step  1718 , the obturator  500  is removed from the cannula  600  and the incision. In one embodiment, the cannula  600  is kept in position, while the obturator  500  is removed. The cannula  600  may be kept in position by holding the cannula handle  616  while the obturator handle  510  is used to remove the obturator  500 . 
     The method  1700  continues in  FIG. 17B  at step  1720 , where a medication pellet  104  is loaded into the interior passage of the cannula  600  through the medication slot  614 . In one embodiment, the loaded medication pellet is pushed toward the anterior opening  604  at the anterior end of the cannula  600  with the obturator  500 , but not through the anterior opening  604 . In another embodiment, the loaded medication pellet is pushed toward the anterior opening  604  at the anterior end of the cannula  600  and through the anterior opening  604 . 
     At decision diamond  1722 , a next medication pellet may be loaded into the interior passage of the cannula  600  in the same fashion as the first medication. The next medication pellet  104  can be a second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, etc. medication pellet depending on the number of previously loaded medication pellets. In one embodiment, when a next pellet is loaded into the interior passage of the cannula  600 , the most recently loaded medication pellet is pushed toward the anterior opening  604  at the anterior end of the cannula  600  with the disposable obturator  500 . Any next or subsequently loaded medication pellets are pushed through the cannula  600  so that none of the previously loaded medication pellets  104  are extruded through the anterior opening  604  at the anterior end of the cannula  600  and delivered to a delivery area  1308 . 
     At step  1724 , the desired number of medication pellets  104  have been loaded into the interior passage of the cannula  600 , and the blunt tip  604  of the obturator  500  is inserted into the posterior opening  608  of the cannula  600 . The blunt rounded tip  604  of the obturator  500  is passed through the interior passage of the cannula  600  to abut the most posterior loaded medication pellet  104  and push all pellets into a desired position. In one embodiment, the desired position for the medication pellets is for them to be loaded so that the pellets  104  press against and abut one another and align with the cannula markings  618 , as well as the anterior opening  604  of the cannula  600 . 
     At step  1726 , the loaded medication pellet(s)  104  are extruded through the anterior opening  604  of the cannula  600  and delivered to a subcutaneous delivery area  1308 . In one embodiment, the cannula  600  is slowly removed from the incision  1302  as the disposable obturator  500  is inserted further into the interior passage of the cannula  600 . By slowly removing the cannula  600  during insertion of the obturator  500 , the delivery site  1306  for each successive medication pellet is shifted closer to the incision  1302 . Moving the delivery site  1306  of successive pellets allows the medication pellets to be delivered in a linear formation as in  FIG. 15 , or a snaking, winding or “staggered” formation as in  FIGS. 13 and 14 , as opposed to the radial clump  130  of the prior art in  FIG. 1D . Thus, simultaneous removal of the cannula  600  and insertion or depression of the obturator  500  forces successive medication pellets out of the cannula  600  into a delivery site that is unique for each medication pellet. In some embodiments, complete extrusion of the medication pellets results in full insertion of the obturator  500  into the interior passage of the cannula  600 , such that the obturator  500  and cannula  600  are again assembled into the minimally traumatic trocar  700 . 
     At step  1728 , the obturator  500  and cannula  600 , which may be assembled as the disposable minimally traumatic trocar  700 , are retracted along the insertion path toward the incision  1302 . In one embodiment, at least one of the anterior rounded tip  504 , an anterior portion of the cannula  600 , or any combination thereof remains within the incision  1302 , while most of the length of the tubular obturator body  502  and the tubular cannula body  602  are removed from the incision  1302 . Notably, whether the minimally traumatic disposable trocar  700  was inserted along a linear path as in  FIGS. 15 and 16 , or a snaking path as in  FIGS. 13 and 14 , the corresponding minimally traumatic trocar  700  is removed directly, i.e. without any snaking, wiggling, or wagging, such that the removal of the minimally traumatic trocar  700  follows a linear or approximately linear path. In other words, no matter the type of insertion path, the minimally traumatic trocar  700  is retracted with a linear motion along a linear path. As described above, when the insertion path is non-linear, displaced tissue resumes its approximate original location and locks one or more delivered medication pellets in place in the subcutaneous tissue. When the insertion path is linear, tissue may still contract about the delivered medication pellet(s) to hold them in place, although the force of this holding action may be less than when a non-linear insertion path is used. 
     At step  1730 , the disposable obturator  500  is removed from the cannula  600 . At decision diamond  1732 , a doctor or assistant may determine whether to proceed with a second or next insertion or whether to begin terminating the method. If termination is elected, the method proceeds to step  1734  in  FIG. 17C  where the cannula  500  or assembled atraumatic trocar  700  is removed from the incision  1302  or the insertion site; the incision  1302  is closed and the method ends. If a second or next insertion is elected, the method proceeds to step  1736 . 
     At step  1736 , the blunt tipped hydrodissection microcannula  800  is once again inserted into the incision, through the epidermis and dermis into the subcutaneous tissue. This insertion begins or creates a second insertion path, which the atraumatic trocar later follows. As described above with reference to  FIG. 16 , the second insertion path begins at the same insertion point as the first insertion path, but extends at an angle to the first insertion path, so that the delivered medication pellets from the first insertion are not immediately adjacent to the pellets that are delivered along the second insertion path. Achieving this requirement that the first and second paths are not immediately adjacent may require an angular separation between the first and second paths of &gt;5°, such as 5°-20°, 20°-40°, 40°-100°, or 100°-180°. The second insertion path along which the hydrodissection microcannula  800  is inserted may be linear and extend to a second insertion depth or length. In other embodiments, the second insertion path of the hydrodissection microcannula  800  may be curved, oscillating, non-linear, or result from an operator moving the posterior end of the atraumatic trocar (and thus the anterior end as well, though in the opposite direction) side-to-side during insertion. In the illustrative embodiment, the hydrodissection microcannula  800  used for the creation of the second insertion path is a 14-gauge stainless steel microcannula that is 15 cm long. 
     During insertion of the hydrodissection microcannula  800  along the second insertion path at step  1736 , hydroddissecting fluid is injected along the second insertion path at step  1738 . The hydrodissectin fluid is injected into the tissues surrounding the second insertion path. As with hydrodissection of the first insertion path, the hydrodissecting fluid may comprise a 10 mL dose injected at one point of the second insertion path, periodically along the second insertion path, or continuously along the second insertion path. The dose of hydrodissecting fluid for the second insertion path continues to range from 1 mL up to 20 mL. As with hydrodissection of the first insertion path, the hydrodissecting fluid diffuses into the subcutaneous tissue surrounding the second insertion path, superhydrating that tissue and creating a dissection plane along the second insertion path by enlarging the cavity space created by the passage of the hydrodissection microcannula  800  with only minimal micro-trauma. In some embodiments, the second insertion path lies in the same dissection plane as the first insertion path, such that the first dissection plane and the second dissection plane are the same dissection plane. 
     Upon injection of one dose of hydrodissecting fluid along the second insertion path, a determination is made at decision diamond  1740  as to whether additional dose(s) of hydrodissection fluid are required. If the operator (or medical professional) determines to inject another dose of hydrodissection fluid, the method reverts back to step  1736  and proceeds as described above. 
     When a medical professional performing this method has injected one or more doses of hydrodissection fluid and determined that no further administration of hydrodissection fluid are required, the method continues at step  1742  where the hydrodissection microcannula  800  is removed from the second insertion path and incision. After removal of the hydrodissection microcannula  800 , superhydrated subcutaneous tissue surrounding a second dissection plane and the second insertion path remain. 
     The method  1700  continues in  FIG. 17C  at step  1744 , where the cannula  600  and the obturator  500  are again combined to form the minimally traumatic trocar  700 . In some embodiments, the same cannula  600  and obturator  500  that were used in steps  1712 - 1730  is used in step  1744  and the ensuing method steps. In other embodiments, the cannula  600  and obturator  500  that were used in steps  1712 - 1730  are set aside (disposed of or disinfected) and a new cannula  600  and obturator  500  are retrieved to continue the method  1700 . Since the atraumatic trocar  700  is removed from the incision to more readily enable entry of the hydrodissection microcannula  800 , an assembled atraumatic trocar  700  must be inserted again into the incision as an assembled unit. Where the cannula  600  and obturator  500  used in steps  1712 - 1730  are again used, no assembly may be required as the cannula  600  and obturator  500  were removed from the incision as the assembled atraumatic trocar and may remain so until its use at step  1744 . Thus, the anterior rounded tip  604  of the obturator first penetrates the dermis and epidermis upon reinsertion, before entering into the subcutaneous tissue within the incision  1302  or insertion site. In a further embodiment, the assembly occurs by inserting the obturator  500  into the posterior cannula opening  608  so that the tab  508  on the obturator  600  interfaces with the notch  612  on the tubular cannula body  602 . 
     In some embodiments, the medical professional performing the minimally traumatic trocar insertion waits between 1 and 10 minutes after completion of hydrodissection with the hydrodissecting microcannula  800  prior to initiating step  1744  by inserting the assembled disposable minimally traumatic trocar  700  into the incision and along the insertion path. In a narrower embodiment, the medical professional performing the minimally traumatic trocar insertion waits 5 minutes after completion of hydrodissection with the hydrodissecting microcannula  800  prior to initiating step  1744  by inserting the assembled disposable minimally traumatic trocar  700  into the incision and along the insertion path. In another embodiment, the medical professional does not wait after completion of the hydrodissection to initiate step  1744 , but instead proceeds directly to initiate step  1744 . 
     At step  1746 , the assembled trocar  700  is angled away from the previous insertion path and along the second insertion path established by the hydrodissection microcannula  800  in steps  1736 - 1742 , as with the insertion paths  1304 b and  1304 c in  FIG. 16 . The assembled trocar  700  is then used to probe along the length of the next or second insertion path to a predetermined insertion length. This predetermined insertion length may be dependent on the number of medication pellets to be delivered, i.e. a longer insertion length may be desired when more medication pellets are to be delivered. However, it should be noted that even just a single medication pellet may be inserted along an insertion path that is the same length as the insertion path for several pellets. As with the initial insertion path, the second insertion path can be linear or oscillating. 
     At step  1748 , as with step  1718 , the obturator  500  is removed from the cannula  600  and the incision  1302 , while keeping the cannula  600  in place within the incision  1302  or insertion point. 
     At step  1750 , as with step  1720 , a medication pellet  104  is loaded into the interior passage of the cannula  600  through the medication slot  614 . In one embodiment, only one medication pellet is loaded into the medication slot. 
     At decision diamond  1752 , as with decision diamond  1722 , a next medication pellet may be loaded into the interior passage of the cannula  600  in the same fashion as the first medication pellet, or the method may proceed to step  1754  when the desired number of medication pellets have been loaded into the interior passage of the cannula  600 . 
     At step  1754 , as with step  1724 , the desired number of medication pellets  104  have been loaded into the interior passage of the cannula  600 , and the anterior blunt tip  504  of the obturator  500  is inserted into the posterior opening  608  of the cannula  600 . The anterior rounded tip  504  of the obturator  500  is passed through the interior passage of the cannula  600  to abut the most posterior loaded medication pellet  104  and push all pellets into a desired position within the cannula  600 . 
     At step  1756 , as with step  1726 , the loaded medication pellet(s)  104  are extruded through the anterior opening  604  of the cannula  600  and delivered to a second subcutaneous delivery site within the general delivery area. The delivery area may include both the first delivery site and the second delivery site. 
     At step  1758 , as with step  1728 , the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  700  is retracted along the second insertion path toward the incision  1302 . In one embodiment, at least an anterior portion of the cannula  600  remains within the incision  1302 , allowing the method to either terminate at step  1734  or return to decision diamond  1732  and continue with the establishment of a third or next insertion path for reception of a third set of medication pellet(s). 
     At step  1734 , the cannula  600  or assembled minimally traumatic trocar  700  is removed from the incision  1302 , the incision  1302  is closed and the method  1700  ends. The incision  1302  may be closed with stitches, medical glue, butterfly bandage, or similar bandaging means. 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 18A-B , there is shown another method of subcutaneous medication delivery  1800  causing only minimal micro-trauma. The method  1800  begins in  FIG. 18A  at step  1801 , where local anesthetic is administered to numb the general delivery area or insertion area  1300 . The local anesthetic may be topical or one or more injections. 
     The method  1800  continues at step  1802  by making an incision at an insertion site  1302 . This incision  1302  can be made with a scalpel or other cutting edge. In some embodiments, the incision  1302  is made by the punch scalpel  1000 . In other embodiments, a preliminary step of diagramming the incision and delivery path(s) is performed, where a medical professional uses a temporary or indelible marking instrument (such as a felt tip pen) to identify both the incision site and the proposed insertion path(s) extending from the insertion site. These markings then operate as a guide for the medical profession during performance of the remaining steps of method  1800 . 
     At step  1804 , a blunt edged cannula and round tipped obturator are combined to form a minimally traumatic trocar. The minimally traumatic trocar used in this and the following steps of the method  1800  may be formed from the disposable cannula and obturator disclosed in  FIGS. 5A and 5C  of the cross-referenced non-provisional patent application Ser. No. 16/997,803. In the illustrative embodiment described herein, the minimally traumatic trocar used in this and the following steps of the method  1800  may be the non-disposable trocar  240  formed from the non-disposable cannula  200  and obturator  220  of  FIGS. 2A-C . In the illustrative non-disposable embodiment, the rounded tip  224  of the obturator  220  is inserted into the posterior cannula opening  206  and through the interior passage of the cannula  200 , so that the rounded tip  224  extends out through the anterior cannula opening  204 . In a further embodiment, the obturator  220  is inserted into the posterior cannula opening  206  so that the tab  232  on the obturator  220  interfaces with the notch  212  on the tubular cannula body  202 , and causes the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  240  to rotate about the centerline  1312  of the minimally traumatic trocar as a single unit, i.e. rotating the obturator handle  230  causes the cannula  200  to rotate the same amount, and rotating the cannula handle  210  causes the obturator  220  to rotate the same amount as well. 
     At step  1806 , the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  240  is inserted into the incision site  1302 . The anterior rounded tip  224  of the obturator  220  and thus, the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  240 , enters the incision  1302 , followed by the remaining portions of the minimally traumatic trocar  240  as described further below. 
     At step  1808 , the incision  1302  is probed with the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  240  along an insertion path to a predetermined insertion length. The insertion path may be linear or non-linear, and one or more insertion paths may originate at the same insertion/incision site and be angled away from one another in a fan-like orientation to allow the delivery of more medication pellets through a single incision.  FIG. 15  demonstrates a linear insertion path  1304   a  followed by the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  240  under the direction of a doctor or other medical professional,  FIG. 16  demonstrates angled insertion paths  1304   b  and  1304   c , and  FIGS. 13 and 14  demonstrate an oscillating insertion path  1304 . An insertion path may only be angled with respect to another insertion path passing through the same incision  1302  as the first insertion path. An oscillating insertion path  1304  may be achieved by directing the posterior portion of the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  240  in a side-to-side fashion. The side-to-side, wiggle-waggle, weaving, and/or oscillating motion operates to pass the rounded tip  224  around and past connective tissues in the subcutaneous tissue. 
     In operation, a doctor or medical professional gently pushes the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  240  along an insertion path, moving the posterior portion of the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  240  to one side or the other as the operator feels resistance from connective tissues and fatty tissues impeding the passage of the minimally traumatic trocar  240  along the insertion path. The predetermined length to which the insertion path is probed may be measured by observing the deformation or bulging of the outer dermis layer caused by the passage of the minimally traumatic trocar  240  passing through the various subcutaneous tissues, i.e. fatty tissue, connective tissue, capillaries, venuoles, arterioles, nerves, etc. In other embodiments, the predetermined length may be measured using the cannula markings  214 . Using the cannula markings  214  ensures that the insertion length is sufficient that all of the later loaded medication pellets  104  can be deposited within the subcutaneous tissue or to ensure that the medication pellets  104  are deposited a desired distance from the incision  1302  or insertion site. 
     At step  1810 , the assembled trocar  240  delivers a particular agent (i.e., a numbing solution, anesthetic, and/or hydrodissection fluid) to the tissue along the insertion path through openings  228  in the obturator  220  during the probing of step  1808 . One of these openings  228  may be located at or comprise the most anterior portion of the anterior blunt tip  224  of the obturator  220 , so that the delivered agent is the first element of the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  240  to contact tissues along the insertion path. Alternatively, or in addition to this configuration, the obturator  220  may include one or more openings proximal to the anterior rounded tip (as shown in  FIGS. 2B and 3A -E) that deliver the agent to tissues adjacent to the anterior rounded tip  224  and the tubular body  222  of the obturator  220  and tubular cannula body  202 . The delivered agent effectively lubricates the passage of the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  240  by creating a fluid buffer around the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  240  and gently separating the various tissues encountered by the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  240  during probing along an insertion path. This lubricating effect softens and hydrates tissues encountered, easing and improving the maneuverability of the minimally traumatic trocar within the tissue. 
     Where the delivered agent is hydrodissecting fluid, the hydrodissecting fluid may comprise a 10 mL dose that is injected at one point of the insertion path, periodically along the insertion path, or continuously along the insertion path. Doses of hydrodissection fluid may range from 1 mL up to 20 mL. When the hydrodissecting fluid is injected at only one point of the insertion path, it diffuses into the surrounding subcutaneous tissue, superhydrating the tissue and creating a short dissection plane so that the assembled atraumatic trocar  240  may more easily travel through the subcutaneous tissue with minimal amounts of micro-trauma. When the hydrodissecting fluid is injected periodically or continuously along the insertion path, the hydrodissecting fluid superhydrates tissues and creates a dissection plane along the entirety of the insertion path. In all embodiments, the hydrodissection fluid enlarges the space or cavity of the delivery site and lubricates the entry of the assembled atraumatic trocar  240  into the various tissues with minimal micro-trauma by gently hydrating, softening, and displacing those tissues from the insertion path. In this manner, hydrodissection facilitates easier, simpler, and less painful delivery of the medication pellets. 
     In these embodiments, the particular agent (i.e., one or more numbing solutions, such as anesthetics and/or hydrodissection fluids) may be delivered through only two openings proximate to the anterior rounded tip  224  of the obturator  220 , or through openings that spiral along the length of the portion of the obturator tubular body  222  that extends beyond the anterior opening of the cannula  204 . The inventor hypothesizes that the various agents create a fluid channel about the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  240 , and thereby enlarges the space or cavity of the delivery site with minimal amounts of micro-trauma and facilitates delivery of the medication pellets. The inventor further hypothesizes that hydrodissection facilitates insertion into scarred and/or fibrotic tissues, such as tissues that were the site of previous traumatic insertions, and/or repeated insertions. 
     At decision diamond  1812 , a determination is made as to whether additional doses of the particular agent or hydrodissection fluid are required. A medical professional may determine to inject an additional dose, such as of hydrodissection fluid, when the initial administration of hydrodissection fluid fails to adequately ease insertion of the minimally traumatic trocar  240  to a desired length or depth along the insertion path. Such a determination may be made when the initial insertion of the minimally traumatic trocar  240  encounters a blockage or firm tissue that prevents minimally traumatic insertion. A blockage preventing minimally traumatic insertion of the trocar  240  would require the surrounding and/or blocking tissue to tear, rupture, and/or inflame for the minimally traumatic trocar  240  to pass through the tissue. Additional doses of hydrodissection fluid may cause the blockage or firm tissue to superhydrate and more easily shift out of the insertion path. Additional doses of hydrodissection fluid may be administered through a syringe removably coupled to the threaded posterior end  234  of the obturator  220 . In practice, a medical professional may inject a further dose of hydrodissection fluid through the minimally traumatic trocar  240  into the blocking tissue and/or surrounding tissue with the same syringe used to inject the first dose of hydrodissection fluid into the tissues of the insertion path. This further dose may be 10 mL of hydrodissection fluid that remain in the syringe after an initial dose of 10 mL of hydrodissection fluid, i.e. the syringe originally held 20 mL. In other embodiments, the syringe may be decoupled from the minimally traumatic trocar  240  in order to retrieve another 10 mL dose of hydrodissection fluid. Additional doses of hydrodissection fluid administered through the minimally traumatic trocar  240  may be dispensed from the obturator openings  228  into the tissues at or surrounding one point of the insertion path, several points along the insertion path, and/or continuously along the insertion path. 
     Upon injecting one or more doses of hydrodissection fluid, the method continues at step  1814 , the obturator  220  is removed from the cannula  200  and the incision  1302 . In one embodiment, the cannula  200  is kept in position, while the obturator  220  is removed. The cannula  200  may be kept in position by holding the cannula handle  210  while the obturator handle is used to remove the obturator  220 . 
     At step  1816 , a medication pellet  104  is loaded into the interior passage of the cannula  200  through the medication slot  208 . In one embodiment, the loaded medication pellet is pushed toward the anterior opening  204  at the anterior end of the cannula  200  with the obturator  220 , but not through the anterior opening  204 . In another embodiment, the loaded medication pellet is pushed toward the anterior opening  204  at the anterior end of the cannula  200  and through the anterior opening  204  into the subcutaneous tissue surrounding the delivery site  1306 , and/or along the insertion path  1304  (i.e. the delivery area  1308 ). 
     At decision diamond  1818 , a next medication pellet may be loaded into the interior passage of the cannula  200  in the same fashion as the first medication. The next medication pellet  104  can be a second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, etc. medication pellet depending on the number of previously loaded medication pellets. In one embodiment, when a next pellet is loaded into the interior passage of the cannula  200 , the most recently loaded medication pellet is pushed toward the anterior opening  204  at the anterior end of the cannula  200  with the obturator  220 . Any next or subsequently loaded medication pellets are pushed through the cannula  200  so that none of the previously loaded medication pellets are extruded through the anterior opening  204  at the anterior end of the cannula  200  and delivered to a delivery area  1308 . 
     At step  1820 , the desired number of medication pellets  104  have been loaded into the interior passage of the cannula  200 , and the anterior blunt tip  224  of the obturator  220  is inserted into the posterior opening  206  of the cannula  200 . The blunt tip  224  of the obturator  220  is passed through the interior passage of the cannula  200  to abut the most posterior loaded medication pellet  104  and push all pellets into a desired position. In one embodiment, the desired position for the medication pellets is as depicted in  FIG. 12B , where the loaded pellets  104  pressed to abut one another and align with the cannula markings  214 , as well as the anterior opening  204  of the cannula  200 . 
     At step  1822 , the loaded medication pellet(s)  104  are extruded through the anterior opening  204  of the cannula  200  and delivered to a subcutaneous delivery area  1308 . In one embodiment, the cannula  200  is slowly removed from the incision  1302  as the obturator  220  is inserted further into the interior passage of the cannula  200 . By slowly removing the cannula  200  during insertion of the obturator  220 , the delivery site  1306  for each successive medication pellet is shifted closer to the incision  1302 . Moving the delivery site  1306  of successive pellets allows the medication pellets to be delivered in a linear formation as in  FIGS. 15 and 16 , or a snaking, winding or “staggered” formation as in  FIGS. 13 and 14 , as opposed to the radial clump  130  of the prior art in  FIG. 1D . Thus, simultaneous removal of the cannula  200  and insertion or depression of the obturator  220  forces successive medication pellets out of the cannula  200  into a delivery site that is unique for each medication pellet. In some embodiments, complete extrusion of the medication pellets results in full insertion of the obturator  220  into the interior passage of the cannula  200 , such that the obturator  220  and cannula  200  are again assembled into the minimally traumatic trocar  240 . 
     At step  1824 , the obturator  220  and cannula  200 , which may be assembled as the minimally traumatic trocar  240 , are retracted along the insertion path toward the incision  1302 . In one embodiment, at least one of the anterior rounded tip  224 , an anterior portion of the cannula  200 , or any combination thereof remains within the incision  1302  while most of the length of the tubular obturator body  222  and the tubular cannula body  202  are removed from the incision  1302 . Notably, whether the minimally traumatic trocar  240  was inserted along a linear path as in  FIGS. 15 and 16 , or a snaking path as in  FIGS. 13 and 14 , the corresponding minimally traumatic trocar  240  is removed directly, i.e. without any snaking, wiggling, or wagging, such that the removal of the minimally traumatic trocar  240  follows a linear or approximately linear path. In other words, no matter the type of insertion path, the minimally traumatic trocar  240  is retracted with a linear motion along a linear path. As described above, when the insertion path is non-linear, displaced tissue resumes its approximate original location and locks one or more delivered medication pellets in place in the subcutaneous tissue. When the insertion path is linear, tissue may still contract about the delivered medication pellet(s) to hold them in place, although the force of this holding action may be less than when a non-linear insertion path is used. 
     At decision diamond  1826 , a doctor or other medical professional may determine whether to proceed with a second or next insertion or whether to begin terminating the method. If termination is elected, the method proceeds to step  1828  where the cannula  200  or assembled minimally traumatic trocar  240  is entirely removed from the incision  1302  site; and the incision  1302  is closed such that the method ends. If a second or next insertion is elected, the method proceeds to step  1830 . 
     At step  1830 , an assembled trocar  240  is angled away from the previous insertion path, as with the insertion paths  1304   b  and  1304   c  in  FIG. 16 , towards a next or second insertion path. The second insertion path begins at the same insertion point as the first insertion path, but extends at an angle to the first insertion path, so that the delivered medication pellets from the first insertion are not immediately adjacent to the pellets that are delivered along the second insertion path. Achieving this requirement that the first and second paths are not immediately adjacent may require an angular separation between the first and second paths of &gt;5°, such as 5°-20°, 20°-40°, 40°-100°, or 100°-180°. The assembled trocar  240  is then used to probe along the length of the next or second insertion path to a predetermined insertion length. This predetermined insertion length may be dependent on the number of medication pellets to be delivered, i.e. a longer insertion length may be desired when more medication pellets are to be delivered. However, it should be noted that even just a single medication pellet may be inserted along an insertion path that is same length as the insertion path for several pellets. As with the initial insertion path, the second insertion path can be linear or oscillating, but must be angle away from the initial insertion path. 
     Step  1830  may additionally require the assembly of another minimally traumatic trocar if the minimally traumatic trocar used for the initial insertion of medication pellets is not used for the subsequent insertion. In an alternative embodiment, step  1830  may require the re-assembly of the minimally traumatic trocar  240  used in the initial insertion of medication pellets if the obturator  220  was not fully inserted into the interior passage of the cannula  200  during retraction along the insertion path in step  1824 . Where re-assembly of the obturator  220  and cannula  200  is necessary, the operator may need to perform the re-assembly ex vivo and re-insert the re-assembled minimally traumatic trocar  240  into the incision  1302 . Alternatively, re-assembly may occur while at least one of the anterior rounded tip  224 , an anterior portion of the cannula  200 , or any combination thereof remains within the incision  1302 , which does not require re-insertion of the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  240  into the incision  1302  (as a portion of it remained within the incision). 
     At step  1832 , the assembled trocar  240  delivers a particular agent (i.e., a numbing solution, anesthetic, and/or hydrodissection fluid) to the tissue along the second or subsequent insertion path through openings  228  in the obturator  220  during the probing of step  1830 . One of these openings  228  may be located at or comprise the most anterior portion of the anterior blunt tip  224  of the obturator  220 , so that the delivered agent is the first element of the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  240  to contact tissues along the second insertion path. Alternatively, or in addition to this configuration, the obturator  220  may include one or more openings proximal to the anterior rounded tip (as shown in  FIGS. 2B and 3A -E) that deliver the agent to tissues adjacent to the anterior rounded tip  224  and the tubular body  222  of the obturator  220  and tubular cannula body  202 . The delivered agent effectively lubricates the passage of the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  240  by creating a fluid buffer around the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  240  and gently separating the various tissues encountered by the assembled minimally traumatic trocar  240  during probing along the second insertion path. 
     At decision diamond  1834 , a determination is made as to whether additional doses of the particular agent or hydrodissection fluid are required. A medical professional may determine to inject an additional dose, such as of hydrodissection fluid, when the initial administration of hydrodissection fluid fails to adequately ease insertion of the minimally traumatic trocar  240  to a desired length or depth along the second insertion path. In practice, an medical professional may inject a further dose of hydrodissection fluid through the atraumatic trocar  240  into the blocking tissue and/or surrounding tissue with the same syringe used to inject the first dose of hydrodissection fluid into the tissues of the second insertion path. 
     Upon injecting one or more doses of hydrodissection fluid, the method  1800  continues at step  1836 , where the obturator  220  is removed from the cannula  200  and the incision  1302 . In one embodiment, the cannula  200  is kept in position, while the obturator  220  is removed. The cannula  200  may be kept in position by holding the cannula handle  210  while the obturator handle is used to withdraw the obturator  220 . 
     At step  1838 , a medication pellet  104  is loaded into the interior passage of the cannula  200  through the medication slot  208 . In one embodiment, the loaded medication pellet is pushed toward the anterior opening  204  at the anterior end of the cannula  200  with the obturator  220 , but not through the anterior opening  204 . In another embodiment, the loaded medication pellet is pushed toward the anterior opening  204  at the anterior end of the cannula  200  and through the anterior opening  204  into the subcutaneous tissue surrounding the second delivery site, and/or along the second insertion path (i.e. the second delivery area). 
     At decision diamond  1840 , a next medication pellet may be loaded into the interior passage of the cannula  200  in the same fashion as the first medication. The next medication pellet  104  can be a second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, etc. medication pellet depending on the number of previously loaded medication pellets. In one embodiment, when a next pellet is loaded into the interior passage of the cannula  200 , the most recently loaded medication pellet is pushed toward the anterior opening  204  at the anterior end of the cannula  200  with the obturator  220 . Any next or subsequently loaded medication pellets are pushed through the cannula  200  so that none of the previously loaded medication pellets are extruded through the anterior opening  204  at the anterior end of the cannula  200  and delivered to the second delivery area. 
     At step  1842 , the desired number of medication pellets  104  have been loaded into the interior passage of the cannula  200 , and the anterior blunt tip  224  of the obturator  220  is inserted into the posterior opening  206  of the cannula  200 . The blunt tip  224  of the obturator  220  is passed through the interior passage of the cannula  200  to abut the most posterior loaded medication pellet  104  and push all pellets into a desired position. In one embodiment, the desired position for the medication pellets is as depicted in  FIG. 12B , where the loaded pellets  104  pressed to abut one another and align with the cannula markings  214 , as well as the anterior opening  204  of the cannula  200 . 
     At step  1844 , the loaded medication pellet(s)  104  are extruded through the anterior opening  204  of the cannula  200  and delivered to a second subcutaneous delivery area. In one embodiment, the cannula  200  is slowly removed from the incision  1302  as the obturator  220  is inserted further into the interior passage of the cannula  200 . By slowly removing the cannula  200  during insertion of the obturator  220 , the delivery site for each successive medication pellet is shifted closer to the incision  1302 . Moving the delivery site  1306  of successive pellets allows the medication pellets to be delivered in a linear formation as in  FIGS. 15 and 16 , or a snaking, winding or “staggered” formation as in  FIGS. 13 and 14 , as opposed to the radial clump  130  of the prior art in  FIG. 1D . Thus, simultaneous removal of the cannula  200  and insertion or depression of the obturator  220  forces successive medication pellets out of the cannula  200  into a delivery site that is unique for each medication pellet. In some embodiments, complete extrusion of the medication pellets results in full insertion of the obturator  220  into the interior passage of the cannula  200 , such that the obturator  220  and cannula  200  are again assembled into the minimally traumatic trocar  240 . 
     At step  1846 , the obturator  220  and cannula  200 , which may be assembled as the minimally traumatic trocar  240 , are retracted along the insertion path toward the incision  1302 . In one embodiment, at least one of the anterior rounded tip  224 , an anterior portion of the cannula  200 , or any combination thereof remains within the incision  1302  while most of the length of the tubular obturator body  222  and the tubular cannula body  202  are removed from the incision  1302 . Leaving at least one of the anterior rounded tip  224 , an anterior portion of the cannula  200 , or any combination thereof remains within the incision  1302  allows the method  1800  to either terminate at the ensuing step  1828 , or return to decision diamond  1826  and continue with the establishment of a third or next insertion path for reception of a third set of medication pellet(s). 
     Notably, whether the minimally traumatic trocar  240  was inserted along a linear path as in  FIGS. 15 and 16 , or a snaking path as in  FIGS. 13 and 14 , the corresponding minimally traumatic trocar  240  is removed directly, i.e. without any snaking, wiggling, or wagging, such that the removal of the minimally traumatic trocar  240  follows a linear or approximately linear path. Thus, no matter the type of insertion path, the minimally traumatic trocar  240  is retracted with a linear motion along a linear path. As described above, when the insertion path is non-linear, displaced tissue resumes its approximate original location and locks one or more delivered medication pellets in place in the subcutaneous tissue. When the insertion path is linear, tissue may still contract about the delivered medication pellet(s) to hold them in place, although the force of this holding action may be less than when a non-linear insertion path is used. 
     At step  1828 , the cannula  200  or assembled minimally traumatic trocar  240  is removed from the incision  1302 , the incision  1302  is closed and the method  1800  ends. The incision  1302  may be closed with stitches, medical glue, butterfly bandage, or similar bandaging means. 
     In further embodiments, the pellet dosage of a target compound, i.e. testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, is determined in relation to a baseline measurement of the target compound in the patient&#39;s blood stream. The baseline measurement is determined prior to delivery of medication pellets with minimal amounts of micro-trauma. The efficacy of the selected dosage is then determined by measuring the amount of the compound per volume, termed a compound level, in the patient&#39;s bloodstream at various time periods after subcutaneous insertion of the medication pellets. In various embodiments, the compound level is measured one week, one month, three months, and six months after pellet delivery with minimal amounts of micro-trauma. In other embodiments, the compound level is measured weekly, biweekly, or monthly. Later minimally traumatic pellet delivery doses are then adjusted, i.e. increased or decreased, depending on whether the compound levels resulting from a previous minimally traumatic delivery were higher or lower than desired. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, normal testosterone blood levels range from 400 to 1,200 nanograms/deciliter (ng/dl), but a patient&#39;s testosterone baseline level is measured at 50 ng/dl. One week after atraumatically delivering one 200 mg pellet of testosterone, the patient&#39;s testosterone level is measured at 60 ng/dl, one month after atraumatic delivery the patient&#39;s testosterone level is measured at 100 ng/dl, and three months after atraumatic delivery the patient&#39;s testosterone level is measured at 105 ng/dl. This feedback may suggest to a doctor or operator that a subsequent atraumatically delivered pellet dosage should be increase to two, three, four, or more 200 mg pellets. This method of baseline measurement, followed by post-delivery measurement accounts for the differences in patient body composition, activity level, and metabolism, which vary significantly and affect pellet dissolution into the blood stream. 
     The atraumatic trocar apparatus, system and method described above may be used to deliver medication pellets into subcutaneous tissue with little, minimal, or only micro-traumatic damage to the subcutaneous tissue. The inventor hypothesizes that the atraumatic insertion and subcutaneous delivery of medication pellets improves the absorption rate of the medication pellets over prior art trocar apparatuses by limiting or eliminating trauma, such as laceration to nerves, arterioles, venuoles, capillaries, or fat cell membrane punctures, which result in cellular death and may cause the formation of chronic collagenous scar tissue. 
     Further, the inventor hypothesizes that the minimally traumatic method of pushing aside and slipping past connective and fatty tissue with the rounded tip of the insertion obturator allows the connective and fatty tissue to move or pop back toward their original position as the trocar is removed from the insertion path and incision. As the connective and fatty tissue moves, slides, or pops back toward its original position, the connective and fatty tissues have the effect of locking or blocking the delivered medication pellets in place. 
     Further still, the inventor hypothesizes that the locking or blocking action of the connective and fatty tissue prevents or limits the likelihood that the delivered medication pellets are inadvertently extruded from the subcutaneous tissue because of pressure, a fall, or other stress. 
     The inventor further hypothesizes that the minimally traumatic insertion and subcutaneous delivery of medication pellets allows the incision made to insert the medication pellets to heal more quickly and decrease the likelihood that a subcutaneously delivered or inserted medication pellet is inadvertently extruded from the subcutaneous tissue because of pressure, a fall, or other stress. 
     Additionally, the inventor hypothesizes that the reduced inflammation caused by the minimally traumatic trocar apparatus and methods reduce the degree and incidence of scarring at the incision and insertion site. This reduced degree and incidence of scarring enables repeat dosing using the same insertion site. 
     The invasive, traumatic prior art methods of subcutaneous pellet insertion cause blood to pool around the traumatized delivery site due to local destruction of fatty tissue, creating pain, inflammation, higher incidences of infection, and a lubricated exit path along which inserted pellets are more likely to be extruded. In contrast, the presently disclosed systems and methods of minimally traumatic subcutaneous pellet delivery allows pellets to sit in a layer of fatty tissue with limited or minimal abnormal blood or lymph fluids surrounding the delivered pellets. The inflammation and/or pain caused by the traumatic prior art method of destroying fatty tissues is undesirable both because of pain&#39;s effect on the patient&#39;s psyche and because the size of the local inflammatory cytokine response creates a milieu that poorly dissolves medication pellets, or fails to dissolve medication pellets entirely. All of these issues are exacerbated for men, due in part to the larger doses required, with complications occurring in men up to 30 times more often than in women. Various studies have shown extrusion rates for prior art methods of ˜1% up to 12%. The inventor hypothesizes that this minimally traumatic delivery allows the pellets to be recognized earlier by the body and absorbed more quickly, predictably, and deliberately as a result, and as compared to traumatic insertion. The minimally traumatic delivery triggers only a minor inflammatory cytokine response, sufficient to signal macrophages to selectively surrounding and dissolve inserted pellets. By reducing the concentration of cytokines at insertion sites as compared to prior art methods and apparatus, the minimally traumatic apparatus and methods yield an unexpectedly improved pellet absorption rate. To date, no pellets inserted with the minimally traumatic apparatus and methods described herein have been extruded, resulting in a greatly improved extrusion rate of 0%. 
     Additional benefits flow from the minimally traumatic design of the present invention. The absence of separate insertion and delivery obturators, as well as the absence of cutting trauma when using the minimally traumatic trocar, reduce the time and complexity of pellet insertion procedures significantly (˜6 minutes for a minimally traumatic insertion compared to ˜20 for the Biote™ traumatic procedure). This reduced procedure time and complexity enable non-surgeons to perform the minimally traumatic method, lowering costs to both patient and surgeon. 
     It is to be understood that the detailed description of illustrative embodiments are provided for illustrative purposes. Thus, the apparatus, system, kit and method presented above may evolve to benefit from the improved performance and lower cost of the future hardware components that meet the system and method requirements presented. The scope of the claims is not limited to these specific embodiments or examples. Therefore, various process limitations, elements, details, and uses can differ from those just described, or be expanded on or implemented using technologies or materials not yet commercially viable, and yet still be within the inventive concepts of the present disclosure. The scope of the invention is determined by the following claims and their legal equivalents.