Patent Publication Number: US-2022232598-A1

Title: Method and apparatus for transmitting/receiving wireless signal in wireless communication system

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims the benefit of KR patent Application No. 10-2021-0006577 filed on Jan. 18, 2021 which is hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for transmitting/receiving a wireless signal. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Generally, a wireless communication system is developing to diversely cover a wide range to provide such a communication service as an audio communication service, a data communication service and the like. The wireless communication is a sort of a multiple access system capable of supporting communications with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). For example, the multiple access system may be any of a code division multiple access (CDMA) system, a frequency division multiple access (FDMA) system, a time division multiple access (TDMA) system, an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system, and a single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) system. 
     SUMMARY 
     An object of the present disclosure is to provide a method of efficiently performing wireless signal transmission/reception procedures and an apparatus therefor. 
     It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the objects and advantages that could be achieved with the present disclosure are not limited to what has been particularly described hereinabove and the above and other objects and advantages that the present disclosure could achieve will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description. 
     In an aspect of the present invention, a method of receiving a signal by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, may comprises: receiving a plurality of physical downlink control channels (PDCCHs) each carrying downlink control information (DCI); and receiving one or more downlink (DL) signals based on the PDCCHs, wherein the plurality of PDCCHs includes (i) one or more first PDCCHs carrying one or more first DCIs for scheduling one or more unicast physical downlink shared channels (PDSCHs) and (ii) one or more second PDCCHs carrying one or more second DCIs which is common for a UE-group and schedules one or more UE-group common PDSCHs, wherein, in a state where the UE is scheduled to simultaneously receive the one or more PDSCHs and the one or more UE-group common PDSCHs at a same slot, and the simultaneously reception exceeds the UE&#39;s simultaneous reception capability, the UE: prioritizes a PDSCH for random access procedure over remaining PDSCHs, determines priorities of the remaining PDSCHs based on priority information in each DCI, and receives ‘M’ PDSCHs including the PDSCH for random access and ‘M−1’ PDSCHs selected from the remaining PDSCHs, where ‘M’ related to the UE&#39;s simultaneous reception capability. 
     For example, the one or more UE-group common PDSCHs are related to multicast/broadcast service (MBS). 
     For example, in a state where the UE is scheduled simultaneously receive the one or more PDSCHs and the one or more UE-group common PDSCHs at the same slot, and the simultaneously reception does not exceeds the UE&#39;s simultaneous reception capability, the UE receives all the PDSCHs without dropping. 
     For example, the priority information is a priority indicator field used for determining a priority of a corresponding physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource. 
     For example, the priority information indicates a priority of a logical channel related to a corresponding PDSCH. 
     For example, the UE drops ‘N-(M−1)’ PDSCHs, where ‘N’ denotes a total number of the remaining PDSCHs. 
     For example, the UE determines to drop a MBS-related PDCCH or a MBS-related PDSCH based on that the MBS-related PDCCH or the MBS-related PDSCH overlaps with a measurement gap configured in the UE. 
     For example, the priority information indicates either one of a higher priority (HP) or a lower priority (LP). 
     According to other aspect of the present invention, a non-transitory computer readable medium recorded thereon program codes for performing the aforementioned method is presented. 
     According to another aspect of the present invention, the UE configured to perform the aforementioned method is presented. 
     According to another aspect of the present invention, a device configured to control the UE to perform the aforementioned method is presented. 
     According to another aspect of the present invention, a method of transmitting a signal by a base station (BS) in a wireless communication system, may comprise: transmitting, to a user equipment (UE), a plurality of physical downlink control channels (PDCCHs) each carrying downlink control information (DCI); and transmitting, to the UE, one or more downlink (DL) signals based on the PDCCHs, wherein the plurality of PDCCHs includes (i) one or more first PDCCHs carrying one or more first DCIs for scheduling one or more unicast physical downlink shared channels (PDSCHs) and (ii) one or more second PDCCHs carrying one or more second 
     DCIs which is common for a UE-group and schedules one or more UE-group common PDSCHs, wherein, in a state where the UE is scheduled to simultaneously receive the one or more PDSCHs and the one or more UE-group common PDSCHs at a same slot, and the simultaneously reception exceeds the UE&#39;s simultaneous reception capability, the BS: prioritizes a PDSCH for random access procedure over remaining PDSCHs, determines priorities of the remaining PDSCHs based on priority information in each DCI, and transmits ‘M’ PDSCHs including the PDSCH for random access and ‘M−1’ PDSCHs selected from the remaining PDSCHs, where ‘M’ related to the UE&#39;s simultaneous reception capability. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  illustrates physical channels used in a 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) system, which is an example of wireless communication systems, and a general signal transmission method using the same; 
         FIG. 2  illustrates a radio frame structure; 
         FIG. 3  illustrates a resource grid of a slot; 
         FIG. 4  illustrates exemplary mapping of physical channels in a slot; 
         FIG. 5  is a diagram illustrating a signal flow for a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) transmission and reception process; 
         FIG. 6  illustrates an ACK/NACK transmission example. 
         FIG. 7  illustrates a PUSCH transmission example 
         FIGS. 8 and 9  illustrate PDSCH transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 10  illustrates CFR and BWP association according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 11  illustrates a method of receiving a signal by a user equipment in an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 12  to  FIG. 15  illustrate a communication system  1  and wireless devices applied to the present disclosure; and 
         FIG. 16  illustrates an exemplary discontinuous reception (DRX) operation applied to the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable to a variety of wireless access technologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), and single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA). CDMA can be implemented as a radio technology such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented as a radio technology such as Global System for Mobile communications (GSM)/General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)/Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA can be implemented as a radio technology such as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi)), IEEE 802.16 (Worldwide interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)), IEEE 802.20, and Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA). UTRA is a part of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) is part of Evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using E-UTRA, and LTE-Advanced (A) is an evolved version of 3GPP LTE. 3GPP NR (New Radio or New Radio Access Technology) is an evolved version of 3GPP LTE/LTE-A. 
     As more and more communication devices require a larger communication capacity, there is a need for mobile broadband communication enhanced over conventional radio access technology (RAT). In addition, massive Machine Type Communications (MTC) capable of providing a variety of services anywhere and anytime by connecting multiple devices and objects is another important issue to be considered for next generation communications. Communication system design considering services/UEs sensitive to reliability and latency is also under discussion. As such, introduction of new radio access technology considering enhanced mobile broadband communication (eMBB), massive MTC, and Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication (URLLC) is being discussed. In the present disclosure, for simplicity, this technology will be referred to as NR (New Radio or New RAT). 
     For the sake of clarity, 3GPP NR is mainly described, but the technical idea of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     Details of the background, terminology, abbreviations, etc. used herein may be found in 3GPP standard documents published before the present disclosure. 
     Following documents are incorporated by reference: 
     3GPP LTE 
     
         
         
           
             TS 36.211: Physical channels and modulation 
             TS 36.212: Multiplexing and channel coding 
             TS 36.213: Physical layer procedures 
             TS 36.300: Overall description 
             TS 36.321: Medium Access Control (MAC) 
             TS 36.331: Radio Resource Control (RRC) 
           
         
       
    
     3GPP NR 
     
         
         
           
             TS 38.211: Physical channels and modulation 
             TS 38.212: Multiplexing and channel coding 
             TS 38.213: Physical layer procedures for control 
             TS 38.214: Physical layer procedures for data 
             TS 38.300: NR and NG-RAN Overall Description 
             TS 38.321: Medium Access Control (MAC) 
             TS 38.331: Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol specification 
           
         
       
    
     Abbreviations and Terms 
     
         
         
           
             PDCCH: Physical Downlink Control CHannel 
             PDSCH: Physical Downlink Shared CHannel 
             PUSCH: Physical Uplink Shared CHannel 
             CSI: Channel state information 
             RRM: Radio resource management 
             RLM: Radio link monitoring 
             DCI: Downlink Control Information 
             CAP: Channel Access Procedure 
             Ucell: Unlicensed cell 
             PCell: Primary Cell 
             PSCell: Primary SCG Cell 
             TBS: Transport Block Size 
             SLIV: Starting and Length Indicator Value 
             BWP: BandWidth Part 
             CORESET: COntrol REsourse SET 
             REG: Resource element group 
             SFI: Slot Format Indicator 
             COT: Channel occupancy time 
             SPS: Semi-persistent scheduling 
             PLMN ID: Public Land Mobile Network identifier 
             RACH: Random Access Channel 
             RAR: Random Access Response 
             Msg3: Message transmitted on UL-SCH containing a C-RNTI MAC CE or CCCH SDU, submitted from upper layer and associated with the UE Contention Resolution Identity, as part of a Random Access procedure. 
             Special Cell: For Dual Connectivity operation the term Special Cell refers to the PCell of the MCG or the PSCell of the SCG depending on if the MAC entity is associated with the MCG or the SCG, respectively. Otherwise the term Special Cell refers to the PCell. A Special Cell supports PUCCH transmission and contention-based Random Access, and is always activated. 
             Serving Cell: A PCell, a PSCell, or an SCell 
           
         
       
    
     In a wireless communication system, a user equipment (UE) receives information through downlink (DL) from a base station (BS) and transmit information to the BS through uplink (UL). The information transmitted and received by the BS and the UE includes data and various control information and includes various physical channels according to type/usage of the information transmitted and received by the UE and the BS. 
       FIG. 1  illustrates physical channels used in a 3GPP NR system and a general signal transmission method using the same. 
     When a UE is powered on again from a power-off state or enters a new cell, the UE performs an initial cell search procedure, such as establishment of synchronization with a BS, in step S 101 . To this end, the UE receives a synchronization signal block (SSB) from the BS. The SSB includes a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH). The UE establishes synchronization with the BS based on the PSS/SSS and acquires information such as a cell identity (ID). The UE may acquire broadcast information in a cell based on the PBCH. The UE may receive a DL reference signal (RS) in an initial cell search procedure to monitor a DL channel status. 
     After initial cell search, the UE may acquire more specific system information by receiving a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and receiving a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) based on information of the PDCCH in step S 102 . 
     The UE may perform a random access procedure to access the BS in steps S 103  to S 106 . For random access, the UE may transmit a preamble to the BS on a physical random access channel (PRACH) (S 103 ) and receive a response message for preamble on a PDCCH and a PDSCH corresponding to the PDCCH (S 104 ). In the case of contention-based random access, the UE may perform a contention resolution procedure by further transmitting the PRACH (S 105 ) and receiving a PDCCH and a PDSCH corresponding to the PDCCH (S 106 ). 
     After the foregoing procedure, the UE may receive a PDCCH/PDSCH (S 107 ) and transmit a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)/physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) (S 108 ), as a general downlink/uplink signal transmission procedure. Control information transmitted from the UE to the BS is referred to as uplink control information (UCI). The UCI includes hybrid automatic repeat and request acknowledgement/negative-acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK/NACK), scheduling request (SR), channel state information (CSI), etc. The CSI includes a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), a rank indicator (RI), etc. While the UCI is transmitted on a PUCCH in general, the UCI may be transmitted on a PUSCH when control information and traffic data need to be simultaneously transmitted. In addition, the UCI may be aperiodically transmitted through a PUSCH according to request/command of a network. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates a radio frame structure. In NR, uplink and downlink transmissions are configured with frames. Each radio frame has a length of 10 ms and is divided into two 5-ms half-frames (HF). Each half-frame is divided into five 1-ms subframes (SFs). A subframe is divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots in a subframe depends on subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each slot includes 12 or 14 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols according to a cyclic prefix (CP). When a normal CP is used, each slot includes 14 OFDM symbols. When an extended CP is used, each slot includes 12 OFDM symbols. 
     Table 1 exemplarily shows that the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe vary according to the SCS when the normal CP is used. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 SCS (15*2 u ) 
                 N slot   symb   
                 N frame, u   slot   
                 N subframe, u   slot   
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 15 KHz 
                 (u = 0) 
                 14 
                 10 
                 1 
               
               
                 30 KHz 
                 (u = 1) 
                 14 
                 20 
                 2 
               
               
                 60 KHz 
                 (u = 2) 
                 14 
                 40 
                 4 
               
               
                 120 KHz 
                 (u = 3) 
                 14 
                 80 
                 8 
               
               
                 240 KHz 
                 (u = 4) 
                 14 
                 160 
                 16 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 * N slot   symb : Number of symbols in a slot 
               
               
                 * N frame, u   slot : Number of slots in a frame 
               
               
                 * N subframe, u   slot : Number of slots in a subframe 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 2 illustrates that the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe vary according to the SCS when the extended CP is used. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 SCS (15*2 u ) 
                 N slot   symb   
                 N frame, u   slot   
                 N subframe, u   slot   
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 60 KHz (u = 2) 
                 12 
                 40 
                 4 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The structure of the frame is merely an example. The number of subframes, the number of slots, and the number of symbols in a frame may vary. 
     In the NR system, OFDM numerology (e.g., SCS) may be configured differently for a plurality of cells aggregated for one UE. Accordingly, the (absolute time) duration of a time resource (e.g., an SF, a slot or a TTI) (for simplicity, referred to as a time unit (TU)) consisting of the same number of symbols may be configured differently among the aggregated cells. Here, the symbols may include an OFDM symbol (or a CP-OFDM symbol) and an SC-FDMA symbol (or a discrete Fourier transform-spread-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbol). 
       FIG. 3  illustrates a resource grid of a slot. A slot includes a plurality of symbols in the time domain. For example, when the normal CP is used, the slot includes 14 symbols. However, when the extended CP is used, the slot includes 12 symbols. A carrier includes a plurality of subcarriers in the frequency domain. A resource block (RB) is defined as a plurality of consecutive subcarriers (e.g., 12 consecutive subcarriers) in the frequency domain. A bandwidth part (BWP) may be defined to be a plurality of consecutive physical RBs (PRBs) in the frequency domain and correspond to a single numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). The carrier may include up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Data communication may be performed through an activated BWP, and only one BWP may be activated for one UE. In the resource grid, each element is referred to as a resource element (RE), and one complex symbol may be mapped to each RE. 
       FIG. 4  illustrates exemplary mapping of physical channels in a slot. In the NR system, a frame is characterized by a self-contained structure in which all of a DL control channel, DL or UL data, and a UL control channel may be included in one slot. For example, the first N symbols (hereinafter, referred to as a DL control region) of a slot may be used to transmit a DL control channel (e.g., PDCCH), and the last M symbols (hereinafter, referred to as a UL control region) of the slot may be used to transmit a UL control channel (e.g., PUCCH). Each of N and M is an integer equal to or larger than 0. A resource region (hereinafter, referred to as a data region) between the DL control region and the UL control region may be used to transmit DL data (e.g., PDSCH) or UL data (e.g., PUSCH). A guard period (GP) provides a time gap for transmission mode-to-reception mode switching or reception mode-to-transmission mode switching at a BS and a UE. Some symbol at the time of DL-to-UL switching in a subframe may be configured as a GP. 
     The PDCCH delivers DCI. For example, the PDCCH (i.e., DCI) may carry information about a transport format and resource allocation of a DL shared channel (DL-SCH), resource allocation information of an uplink shared channel (UL-SCH), paging information on a paging channel (PCH), system information on the DL-SCH, information on resource allocation of a higher-layer control message such as an RAR transmitted on a PDSCH, a transmit power control command, information about activation/release of configured scheduling, and so on. The DCI includes a cyclic redundancy check (CRC). The CRC is masked with various identifiers (IDs) (e.g. a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI)) according to an owner or usage of the PDCCH. For example, if the PDCCH is for a specific UE, the CRC is masked by a UE ID (e.g., cell-RNTI (C-RNTI)). If the PDCCH is for a paging message, the CRC is masked by a paging-RNTI (P-RNTI). If the PDCCH is for system information (e.g., a system information block (SIB)), the CRC is masked by a system information RNTI (SI-RNTI). When the PDCCH is for an RAR, the CRC is masked by a random access-RNTI (RA-RNTI). 
       FIG. 5  is a diagram illustrating a signal flow for a PDCCH transmission and reception process. 
     Referring to  FIG. 5 , a BS may transmit a control resource set (CORESET) configuration to a UE (S 502 ). A CORSET is defined as a resource element group (REG) set having a given numerology (e.g., an SCS, a CP length, and so on). An REG is defined as one OFDM symbol by one (P)RB. A plurality of CORESETs for one UE may overlap with each other in the time/frequency domain. A CORSET may be configured by system information (e.g., a master information block (MIB)) or higher-layer signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) signaling). 
     For example, configuration information about a specific common CORSET (e.g., CORESET #0) may be transmitted in an MIB. For example, a PDSCH carrying system information block 1 (SIB1) may be scheduled by a specific PDCCH, and CORSET #0 may be used to carry the specific PDCCH. Configuration information about CORESET #N (e.g., N&gt;0) may be transmitted by RRC signaling (e.g., cell-common RRC signaling or UE-specific RRC signaling). For example, the UE-specific RRC signaling carrying the CORSET configuration information may include various types of signaling such as an RRC setup message, an RRC reconfiguration message, and/or BWP configuration information. Specifically, a CORSET configuration may include the following information/fields.
         controlResourceSetId: indicates the ID of a CORESET.   frequencyDomainResources: indicates the frequency resources of the CORESET. The frequency resources of the CORESET are indicated by a bitmap in which each bit corresponds to an RBG (e.g., six (consecutive) RBs). For example, the most significant bit (MSB) of the bitmap corresponds to a first RBG. RBGs corresponding to bits set to 1 are allocated as the frequency resources of the CORESET.   duration: indicates the time resources of the CORESET. Duration indicates the number of consecutive OFDM symbols included in the CORESET. Duration has a value of 1 to 3.   cce-REG-MappingType: indicates a control channel element (CCE)-REG mapping type.       

     Interleaved and non-interleaved types are supported.
         interleaverSize: indicates an interleaver size.   pdcch-DMRS-ScramblingID: indicates a value used for PDCCH DMRS initialization.       

     When pdcch-DMRS-ScramblingID is not included, the physical cell ID of a serving cell is used.
         precoderGranularity: indicates a precoder granularity in the frequency domain.   reg-BundleSize: indicates an REG bundle size.   tci-PresentInDCl: indicates whether a transmission configuration index (TCI) field is included in DL-related DCI.   tci-StatesPDCCH-ToAddList: indicates a subset of TCI states configured in pdcch-Config, used for providing quasi-co-location (QCL) relationships between DL RS(s) in an RS set (TCI-State) and PDCCH DMRS ports.       

     Further, the BS may transmit a PDCCH search space (SS) configuration to the UE (S 504 ). The PDCCH SS configuration may be transmitted by higher-layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling). For example, the RRC signaling may include, but not limited to, various types of signaling such as an RRC setup message, an RRC reconfiguration message, and/or BWP configuration information. While a CORESET configuration and a PDCCH SS configuration are shown in  FIG. 5  as separately signaled, for convenience of description, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the CORESET configuration and the PDCCH SS configuration may be transmitted in one message (e.g., by one RRC signaling) or separately in different messages. 
     The PDCCH SS configuration may include information about the configuration of a PDCCH SS set. The PDCCH SS set may be defined as a set of PDCCH candidates monitored (e.g., blind-detected) by the UE. One or more SS sets may be configured for the UE. Each SS set may be a USS set or a CSS set. For convenience, PDCCH SS set may be referred to as “SS” or “PDCCH SS”. 
     A PDCCH SS set includes PDCCH candidates. A PDCCH candidate is CCE(s) that the UE monitors to receive/detect a PDCCH. The monitoring includes blind decoding (BD) of PDCCH candidates. One PDCCH (candidate) includes 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEs according to an aggregation level (AL). One CCE includes 6 REGs. Each CORESET configuration is associated with one or more SSs, and each SS is associated with one CORESET configuration. One SS is defined based on one SS configuration, and the SS configuration may include the following information/fields.
         searchSpaceId: indicates the ID of an SS.   controlResourceSetId: indicates a CORESET associated with the SS.   monitoringSlotPeriodicityAndOffset: indicates a periodicity (in slots) and offset (in slots) for PDCCH monitoring.   monitoringSymbolsWithinSlot: indicates the first OFDM symbol(s) for PDCCH monitoring in a slot configured with PDCCH monitoring. The first OFDM symbol(s) for PDCCH monitoring is indicated by a bitmap with each bit corresponding to an OFDM symbol in the slot. The MSB of the bitmap corresponds to the first OFDM symbol of the slot. OFDM symbol(s) corresponding to bit(s) set to 1 corresponds to the first symbol(s) of a CORESET in the slot.   nrofCandidates: indicates the number of PDCCH candidates (one of values 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8) for each AL where AL={ 1, 2, 4, 8, 16}.   searchSpaceType: indicates common search space (CSS) or UE-specific search space (USS) as well as a DCI format used in the corresponding SS type.       

     Subsequently, the BS may generate a PDCCH and transmit the PDCCH to the UE (S 506 ), and the UE may monitor PDCCH candidates in one or more SSs to receive/detect the PDCCH (S 508 ). An occasion (e.g., time/frequency resources) in which the UE is to monitor PDCCH candidates is defined as a PDCCH (monitoring) occasion. One or more PDCCH (monitoring) occasions may be configured in a slot. 
     Table 3 shows the characteristics of each SS. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 3 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Search 
                   
                   
               
               
                 Type 
                 Space 
                 RNTI 
                 Use Case 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Type0-PDCCH 
                 Common 
                 SI-RNTI on a primary cell 
                 SIB Decoding 
               
               
                 Type0A-PDCCH 
                 Common 
                 SI-RNTI on a primary cell 
                 SIB Decoding 
               
               
                 Type1-PDCCH 
                 Common 
                 RA-RNTI or TC-RNTI on a primary cell 
                 Msg2, Msg4 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 decoding in RACH 
               
               
                 Type2-PDCCH 
                 Common 
                 P-RNTI on a primary cell 
                 Paging Decoding 
               
               
                 Type3-PDCCH 
                 Common 
                 INT-RNTI, SFI-RNTI, TPC-PUSCH-RNTI, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 TPC-PUCCH-RNTI, TPC-SRS-RNTI, C-RNTI, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 MCS-C-RNTI, or CS-RNTI(s) 
               
               
                   
                 UE Specific 
                 C-RNTI, or MCS-C-RNTI, or CS-RNTI(s) 
                 User specific 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 PDSCH decoding 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 4 shows DCI formats transmitted on the PDCCH. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 4 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 DCI format 
                 Usage 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 0_0 
                 Scheduling of PUSCH in one cell 
               
               
                 0_1 
                 Scheduling of PUSCH in one cell 
               
               
                 1_0 
                 Scheduling of PDSCH in one cell 
               
               
                 1_1 
                 Scheduling of PDSCH in one cell 
               
               
                 2_0 
                 Notifying a group of UEs of the 
               
               
                   
                 slot format 
               
               
                 2_1 
                 Notifying a group of UEs of the 
               
               
                   
                 PRB(s) and OFDM symbol(s) where 
               
               
                   
                 UE may assume no transmission is 
               
               
                   
                 intended for the UE 
               
               
                 2_2 
                 Transmission of TPC commands for 
               
               
                   
                 PUCCH and PUSCH 
               
               
                 2_3 
                 Transmission of a group of TPC 
               
               
                   
                 commands for SRS transmissions 
               
               
                   
                 by one or more UEs 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     DCI format 0_0 may be used to schedule a TB-based (or TB-level) PUSCH, and DCI format 0_1 may be used to schedule a TB-based (or TB-level) PUSCH or a code block group (CBG)-based (or CBG-level) PUSCH. DCI format 1_0 may be used to schedule a TB-based (or TB-level) PDSCH, and DCI format 1_1 may be used to schedule a TB-based (or TB-level) PDSCH or a CBG-based (or CBG-level) PDSCH (DL grant DCI). DCI format 0_0/0_1 may be referred to as UL grant DCI or UL scheduling information, and DCI format 1_0/1_1 may be referred to as DL grant DCI or DL scheduling information. DCI format 2_0 is used to deliver dynamic slot format information (e.g., a dynamic slot format indicator (SFI)) to a UE, and DCI format 2_1 is used to deliver DL pre-emption information to a UE. DCI format 2_0 and/or DCI format 2_1 may be delivered to a corresponding group of UEs on a group common PDCCH which is a PDCCH directed to a group of UEs. 
     DCI format 0_0 and DCI format 1_0 may be referred to as fallback DCI formats, whereas 
     DCI format 0_1 and DCI format 1_1 may be referred to as non-fallback DCI formats. In the fallback DCI formats, a DCI size/field configuration is maintained to be the same irrespective of a UE configuration. In contrast, the DCI size/field configuration varies depending on a UE configuration in the non-fallback DCI formats. 
     A CCE-to-REG mapping type is set to one of an interleaved type and a non-interleaved type.
         Non-interleaved CCE-to-REG mapping (or localized CCE-to-REG mapping): 6 REGs for a given CCE are grouped into one REG bundle, and all of the REGs for the given CCE are contiguous. One REG bundle corresponds to one CCE.   Interleaved CCE-to-REG mapping (or distributed CCE-to-REG mapping): 2, 3 or 6 REGs for a given CCE are grouped into one REG bundle, and the REG bundle is interleaved within a CORESET. In a CORESET including one or two OFDM symbols, an REG bundle includes 2 or 6 REGs, and in a CORESET including three OFDM symbols, an REG bundle includes 3 or 6 REGs. An REG bundle size is configured on a CORESET basis.       

     PDSCH carries downlink data (e.g., DL-SCH transport block, DL-SCH TB). The modulation scheme such as Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), 64 QAM, or 256 QAM is applied to the PDSCH. A codeword is generated by encoding the TB. The PDSCH can carry up to two codewords. Scrambling and modulation mapping are performed for each codeword, and modulation symbols generated from each codeword may be mapped to one or more layers. Each layer is mapped to resources along with a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), is generated as an OFDM symbol signal, and is transmitted through a corresponding antenna port. 
     PUCCH carries Uplink Control Information (UCI). UCI may include one or more of following information:
         SR (Scheduling Request): Information used to request a UL-SCH resource.   HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest)-ACK (Acknowledgment): It is a response to a downlink data packet (e.g., codeword) on the PDSCH, and indicates whether the downlink data packet has been successfully received. 1 bit of HARQ-ACK may be transmitted in response to a single codeword, and 2 bits of HARQ-ACK may be transmitted in response to two codewords. The HARQ-ACK response includes positive ACK (simply, ACK), negative ACK (NACK), DTX or NACK/DTX. Here, HARQ-ACK may be called as HARQ ACK/NACK and ACK/NACK.   CSI (Channel State Information): feedback information for a downlink channel. Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)-related feedback information includes a Rank Indicator (RI) and a Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI).       

     Table 5 shows PUCCH formats. According to PUCCH length, PUCCH formats can be classified as Short PUCCH (format 0, 2) and Long PUCCH (format 1, 3, 4). 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 5 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Length in OFDM 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 PUCCH 
                 symbols 
                 Number 
               
               
                 format 
                 N symb   PUCCH   
                 of bits 
                 Usage 
                 Etc 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 1-2  
                 ≤2 
                 HARQ, SR 
                 Sequence 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 selection 
               
               
                 1 
                 4-14 
                 ≤2 
                 HARQ, [SR] 
                 Sequence 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 modulation 
               
               
                 2 
                 1-2  
                 &gt;2 
                 HARQ, CSI, 
                 CP-OFDM 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 [SR] 
               
               
                 3 
                 4-14 
                 &gt;2 
                 HARQ, CSI, 
                 DFT-s-OFDM 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 [SR] 
                 (no UE 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 multiplexing) 
               
               
                 4 
                 4-14 
                 &gt;2 
                 HARQ, CSI, 
                 DFT-s-OFDM 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 [SR] 
                 (Pre DFT OCC) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     PUCCH format 0 carries UCI having a maximum size of 2 bits, and is mapped and transmitted based on a sequence. Specifically, the UE transmits a specific UCI to the base station by transmitting one of the plurality of sequences through the PUCCH having the PUCCH format 0. The UE transmits a PUCCH format 0 within a PUCCH resource for configuring a corresponding SR only when transmitting a positive SR. 
     PUCCH format 1 carries UCI with a maximum size of 2 bits, and a modulation symbol is spread by an orthogonal cover code (OCC) (configured differently depending on whether frequency hopping is performed) in the time domain. DMRS is transmitted in a symbol in which a modulation symbol is not transmitted (i.e., time division multiplexing (TDM) is performed). 
     PUCCH format 2 carries UCI having a bit size greater than 2 bits, and a modulation symbol is transmitted with DMRS based on frequency division multiplexing (FDM). DM-RS is located at symbol indexes #1, #4, #7, and #10 in a given resource block with a density of  1 / 3 . A Pseudo Noise (PN) sequence is used for the DM_RS sequence. For 2-symbol PUCCH format 2, frequency hopping may be enabled. 
     For PUCCH format 3, UE multiplexing is not performed in the same physical resource blocks, and the PUCCH format 3 carries UCI having a bit size greater than 2 bits. PUCCH resource of PUCCH format 3 does not include an orthogonal cover code. The modulation symbol is transmitted with the DMRS based on time division multiplexing (TDM). 
     For PUCCH format 4, UE multiplexing is supported for up to 4 UEs in the same physical resource blocks, and the PUCCH format 4 carries UCI having a bit size greater than 2 bits. PUCCH resource of PUCCH format 3 includes an orthogonal cover code. The modulation symbol is transmitted with DMRS based on time division multiplexing (TDM). 
     PUSCH carries uplink data (e.g., UL-SCH transport block, UL-SCH TB) and/or uplink control information (UCI). PUCCH is transmitted based on a CP-OFDM (Cyclic Prefix—Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) waveform or a Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) waveform. When the PUSCH is transmitted based on the DFT-s-OFDM waveform, the UE performs transform precoding for the PUSCH. For example, if transform precoding is not performed (e.g., transform precoding is disabled), the UE transmits a PUSCH based on the CP-OFDM waveform. If transform precoding is performed (e.g., transform precoding is enabled), the UE transmits the PUSCH based on a CP-OFDM waveform or a DFT-s-OFDM waveform. PUSCH transmission is dynamically scheduled by a UL grant in DCI (e.g., Layer 1 (PDCCH) signaling), and/or semi-statically scheduled based on higher layer (e.g., RRC) signaling (configured grant). PUSCH transmission may be performed on a codebook-based or non-codebook-based basis. 
       FIG. 6  illustrates an ACK/NACK transmission example. Referring to  FIG. 6 , the UE may detect the PDCCH in slot #n. Here, the PDCCH includes downlink scheduling information (e.g., DCI formats 1_0, 1_1), and the PDCCH indicates a DL assignment-to-PDSCH offset (KO) and a PDSCH-HARQ-ACK reporting offset (K1). For example, DCI formats 1_0 and 1_1 may include the following information:
         Frequency domain resource assignment (FDRA): FDRA indicates the RB set allocated to the PDSCH.   Time domain resource assignment (TDRA): TDRA indicates K0 (e.g., slot offset), the starting position (e.g., OFDM symbol index) of the PDSCH within slot #n+K0, and the length of the PDSCH (e.g., the number of OFDM symbols).   PDSCH-to-HARQ_feedback timing indicator, which indicates K1 (e.g., slot offset)   HARQ process number (4 bits), which indicates the HARQ process ID (Identity) for data (e.g., PDSCH, TB)   PUCCH resource indicator (PRI): PRI indicates a PUCCH resource to be used for UCI transmission among a plurality of PUCCH resources in the PUCCH resource set       

     UE start to receive the PDSCH in slot #(n+K0) based on the scheduling information received in slot #n. After completion of the PDSCH reception in slot #n1 (where, n+K0&lt;n1), the UE may transmit UCI through PUCCH from slot #(n1+K1). Here, the UCI may include a HARQ-ACK response for the PDSCH. In  FIG. 6 , for convenience, it is assumed that the SCS for the PDSCH and the SCS for the PUCCH are the same, and it is assumed that slot #n1=slot #n+K0, but the present invention is not limited thereto. If the SCSs are different, K1 may be indicated/interpreted based on the SCS of the PUCCH. 
     If the PDSCH is configured to carry a maximum of 1 TB, the HARQ-ACK response may have 1-bit. When the PDSCH is configured to carry a maximum of 2 TBs, the HARQ-ACK response may be configured with 2-bits when spatial bundling is not configured, and may be configured with 1-bits when spatial bundling is configured. When the HARQ-ACK transmission time for the plurality of PDSCHs is configured as slot #(n+K1), the UCI transmitted in the slot #(n+K1) includes HARQ-ACK responses for the plurality of PDSCHs. 
     Whether the UE should perform spatial bundling for the HARQ-ACK response may be configured for each cell group (e.g., RRC/higher layer signaling). As an example, spatial bundling may be individually configured in each of the HARQ-ACK response transmitted through the PUCCH and/or the HARQ-ACK response transmitted through the PUSCH. 
     Spatial bundling may be supported when the maximum number of TBs (or codewords) that can be received at one time in the corresponding serving cell (or schedulable through 1 DCI) is two (or two or more) (e.g., higher layer parameter maxNrofCodeWordsScheduledByDCl is equal to 2-TB). Meanwhile, a number of layers greater than four may be used for 2-TB transmission, and a maximum of four layers may be used for 1-TB transmission. As a result, when spatial bundling is configured in a corresponding cell group, spatial bundling may be performed on a serving cell that can schedule more than four layers among serving cells in the corresponding cell group. On a corresponding serving cell, a UE desiring to transmit a HARQ-ACK response through spatial bundling may generate a HARQ-ACK response by performing (bit-wise) logical AND operation on A/N bits for a plurality of TBs. 
     For example, assuming that the UE receives DCI for scheduling 2-TB and receives 2-TB through the PDSCH based on the DCI. If spatial bundling is performed, a single A/N bit may be generated by performing a logical AND operation on the first A/N bit for the first TB and the second A/N bit for the second TB. As a result, if both the first TB and the second TB are ACKs, the UE reports the ACK bit value to the base station, and when either TB is NACK, the UE reports the NACK bit value to the base station. 
     A plurality of parallel DL HARQ processes can be configured for DL transmission in the base station/terminal. A plurality of parallel HARQ processes allow DL transmissions to be performed continuously while waiting for HARQ feedback on successful or unsuccessful reception of the previous DL transmission. Each HARQ process is associated with a HARQ buffer of a MAC (Medium Access Control) layer. Each DL HARQ process manages information related to the number of MAC PDU (Physical Data Block) transmissions in the buffer, HARQ feedback for the MAC PDU in the buffer, and a current redundancy version. Each HARQ process is identified by a HARQ process ID. 
       FIG. 7  illustrates a PUSCH transmission example. Referring to  FIG. 7 , the UE may detect the PDCCH in slot #n. Here, the PDCCH includes uplink scheduling information (e.g., DCI formats 0_0, 0_1). DCI formats 0_0 and 0_1 may include the following information:
         Frequency domain resource assignment (FDRA), which indicates the RB set allocated to the PUSCH   Time domain resource assignment (TDRA), which indicates the slot offset K2, the start position (e.g., symbol index) and length (e.g., number of OFDM symbols) of the PUSCH in the slot. The start symbol and length may be indicated through a Start and Length Indicator Value (SLIV), or may be indicated respectively.       

     UE may transmit the PUSCH in slot #(n+K2) according to the scheduling information received in slot #n. The PUSCH may include a UL-SCH TB. 
     Beam Management (BM) Procedure 
     A DL BM procedure is described. DL BM procedure may include (1) transmission of beamformed DL RSs (e.g., CSI-RS or SS Block (SSB)) of the base station, and (2) beam reporting of the UE. Here, the beam reporting may include a preferred DL RS ID(s) and a corresponding reference signal received power (L1-RSRP). The DL RS ID may be an SSB Resource Indicator (SSBRI) or a CSI-RS Resource Indicator (CRI). 
     The SSB beam and the CSI-RS beam may be used for beam measurement. Here, measurement metric may be L1-RSRP per resource/block. SSB may be used for coarse beam measurement, and CSI-RS may be used for fine beam measurement. And, SSB can be used for both Tx beam sweeping and Rx beam sweeping. Rx beam sweeping using SSB may be performed at a UE by changing the Rx beam for the same SSBRI across multiple SSB bursts. Here, one SS burst includes one or more SSBs, and one SS burst set includes one or more SSB bursts. 
     The UE may receive RRC configuration regarding a list of maximum M candidate Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI) states for the purpose of at least Quasi Co-location (QCL) indication. Here, M may be 64. Each TCI state may be set to one RS set. 
     Each ID of DL RS for spatial QCL purpose (e.g., QCL Type D) in the RS set may be related to one of DL RS types such as SSB, P-CSI RS, SP-CSI RS, and A-CSI RS. At least, initialization/update of ID of DL RS(s) in RS set used for spatial QCL purpose can be performed through at least explicit signaling. 
     Table 6 shows an example of a TCI-State information element (IE). The TCI-State IE associates one or two DL RSs to a corresponding QCL type. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 6 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 -- ASN1START 
               
               
                 -- TAG-TCI-STATE-START 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                 TCI-State ::= 
                 SEQUENCE { 
               
               
                  tci-StateId 
                  TCI-StateId, 
               
               
                  qcl-Type1 
                  QCL-Info, 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                  qcl-Type2 
                  QCL-Info 
                 OPTIONAL, -- Need R 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                  ... 
               
               
                 } 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                 QCL-Info ::= 
                 SEQUENCE { 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                  cell 
                  ServCellIndex 
                 OPTIONAL, -- Need R 
               
               
                  bwp-Id 
                   BWP-Id 
                  OPTIONAL, -- Cond CSI-RS-Indicated 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                  referenceSignal 
                  CHOICE { 
               
               
                   csi-rs 
                   NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceId, 
               
               
                   ssb 
                    SSB-Index 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                  }, 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                  qcl-Type 
                  ENUMERATED {typeA, typeB, typeC, typeD}, 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                  ... 
               
               
                 } 
               
               
                 -- TAG-TCI-STATE-STOP 
               
               
                 -- ASN1STOP 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In Table 6, the bwp-Id parameter indicates the DL BWP in which the RS is located, the cell parameter indicates the carrier in which the RS is located, and the reference signal parameter indicates reference antenna port(s) which is a quasi co-location source for target antenna port (s) or a reference signal including the reference antenna port(s). The target antenna port(s) may be an antenna port (s) of a CSI-RS, PDCCH DMRS, or PDSCH DMRS. For example, in order to indicate QCL reference RS information for NZP CSI-RS, a corresponding TCI state ID may be indicated through NZP CSI-RS resource configuration information. The TCI state ID may be indicated through each CORESET configuration, thereby QCL reference information for the PDCCH DMRS antenna port(s) is indicated. The TCI state ID may be indicated through DCI, thereby QCL reference information for the PDSCH DMRS antenna port(s) is indicated. 
     Antenna port-QCL is defined so that a property of channel carrying a symbol on the antenna port is can be inferred/estimated from a property of a channel carrying another symbol on the same antenna port. 
     QCL related channel property includes one or more of Delay spread, Doppler spread, Frequency shift, Average received power, Received Timing, and Spatial RX parameter. The Spatial Rx parameter means a spatial (reception) channel characteristic parameter such as angle of arrival. 
     The UE may be configured with a list of maximum M TCI-States through the higher layer parameter PDSCH-Config for PDSCH decoding according to a detected PDCCH having DCI intended for the UE and a given serving cell. The M depends on UE capability. 
     Each TCI-State includes parameters for configuring a quasi co-location relationship between one or two DL reference signals and a DM-RS port(s) of a PDSCH. The quasi co-location relationship is configured based on a higher layer parameter ‘qcl-Type1’ for the first DL RS and a higher layer parameter ‘qcl-Type2’ (if presented) for the second DL RS. In the case of a corresponding configuration including QCL information for two DL RSs, the QCL type is not the same regardless of whether the two DL RSs are QCLed with the same DL RS or different DL RSs. The quasi co-location type corresponding to each DL RS is given by the higher layer parameter ‘qcl-Type of QCL-Info’, and can be one of following types:
         ‘QCL-TypeA’: {Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread}   ‘QCL-TypeB’: {Doppler shift, Doppler spread}   ‘QCL-TypeC’: {Doppler shift, average delay}   ‘QCL-TypeD’: {Spatial Rx parameter}       

     For example, if a target antenna port(s) relates to a specific NZP CSI-RS, the corresponding NZP CSI-RS antenna ports are indicated/configured to be QCLed with a specific tracking reference signal (TRS) from a QCL-Type A perspective, and with a specific SSB from a QCL-Type D perspective. The UE receiving the indication/configuration can receive the corresponding NZP CSI-RS using the Doppler and delay values measured in QCL-TypeA TRS, and can apply a reception beam used for QCL-TypeD SSB reception to the corresponding NZP CSI-RS reception. The UE receives an activation command which is used for mapping a maximum 8 TCI states to values (field states) of ‘Transmission Configuration Indication field’ in DCI. 
     In the UL BM, beam reciprocity (or beam correspondence) between Tx beams and Rx beams may or may not be established according to UE implementation. If the reciprocity between the Tx beam and the Rx beam is established in both the base station and the UE, the UL beam pair may be aligned through the DL beam pair. However, when the reciprocity between the Tx beam and the Rx beam is not established in either of the base station and the UE, a UL beam pair determination process is required separately from the DL beam pair determination. Also, even when both the base station and the UE maintain beam correspondence, the base station may use the UL BM procedure for determining the DL Tx beam without the UE requesting a report of the preferred beam. UL BM may be performed through beamformed UL SRS transmission, and the ‘SRS-SetUse’ parameter can be set to ‘BeamManagement’. Similarly, the UL BM procedure may be divided into Tx beam sweeping of the UE and Rx beam sweeping of the base station. The UE may receive one or more Sounding Reference Symbol (SRS) resource sets configured by (higher layer parameter) SRS-ResourceSet (through higher layer signaling, RRC signaling, etc.). For each SRS resource set, the UE K SRS resources (higher later parameter SRS-resource) may be configured. Here, K is a natural number that is equal to or greater than 1, and the maximum value of K is indicated by SRS_capability. Whether to apply the UL BM of the SRS resource set (higher layer parameter) is configured by SRS-SetUse. When the SRS-SetUse is set to ‘BeamManagement (BM)’, only one SRS resource can be transmitted to each of a plurality of SRS resource sets at a given time instant. 
     Cooperative Transmission from Multiple TRPs/Panels/Beams 
     A coordinated multi-point transmission (CoMP) was introduced in the LTE system and partly introduced in NR Rel-15. The CoMP can be related to (i) a method of transmitting the same signal or the same information from multiple transmission and reception points (TRPs) (e.g., same layer joint transmission), (ii) a method of transmitting by a specific TRP at a specific moment in consideration of radio channel quality or traffic load conditions while sharing information to be transmitted to UE between a plurality of TRPs (e.g., point selection), or (iii) a method of transmitting different signals or information from a plurality of TRPs to different spatial layers by spatial dimension multiplexing (SDM) (e.g., independent layer joint transmission), or other various ways. As one example of the point selection methods, there is a dynamic point selection (DPS) method in which an actual transmitting TRP can be changed at each PDSCH transmission instance, and the QCL information informs the UE of which TRP is transmitting the PDSCH at present. In this regards, the QCL information can be used for indicating the UE can assume the same channel properties (e.g., Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, spatial RX parameter) between different antenna ports. For example, when the PDSCH is to be transmitted in TRP#1, it is informed that the corresponding PDSCH DMRS antenna ports and a specific RS (e.g., CSI-RS resource#1) that has been used in TRP#1 are QCLed. And when the PDSCH is to be transmitted in TRP#2, it is informed that the corresponding PDSCH DMRS antenna ports and a specific RS (e.g., CSI-RS resource #2) that has been used in TRP#1 are QCLed. For instantaneous QCL information indication, a PDSCH quasi-colocation information (PQI) field was defined in DCI of LTE, and similarly a transmission configuration information (TCI) field is defined in NR. The QCL indication/configuration method defined in the standard can be used not only for cooperative transmission between a plurality of TRPs, but also used for cooperative transmission between a plurality of panels (e.g., antenna groups) of the same TRP, or for cooperative transmission between a plurality of beams of the same TRP, etc. This is because if transmission panels or beams used in the same TRP are different, the Doppler, delay property, or reception beam (spatial Rx parameter) of each panel/beam may be different. 
     A method of Multiple TRPs/Panels/Beams are configured to transmit different layer groups to the UE may be used and the method can be called independent layer joint transmission (ILJT) or non-coherent joint transmission (NCJT). 
     Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS) 
     MBMS scheme deployed in 3GPP LTE is described. 3GPP MBMS can classified as (i) a single frequency network (SFN) scheme in which cells of a plurality of base stations are synchronized for transmitting the same date through a PMCH channel, and (ii) a Single Cell Point To Multipoint (SC-PTM) scheme in which broadcasting is performed through PDCCH/PDSCH channel in a corresponding cell coverage. Normally, the SFN scheme is used for providing the broadcast service over wide area (e.g. MBMS area) through pre-allocated semi-static resource(s), whereas the SC-PTM scheme is used for providing the broadcast service within a cell coverage through a dynamic resource(s). 
     Terms of 3GPP LTE MBMS are defined as follows:
         MBSFN Synchronization Area: an area of the network where all eNodeBs can be synchronized and perform MBSFN transmissions. MBSFN Synchronization Areas are capable of supporting one or more MBSFN Areas. On a given frequency layer, a eNodeB can only belong to one MBSFN Synchronization Area. MBSFN Synchronization Areas are independent from the definition of MBMS Service Areas   MBSFN Transmission or a transmission in MBSFN mode: a simulcast transmission technique realised by transmission of identical waveforms at the same time from multiple cells. An MBSFN Transmission from multiple cells within the MBSFN Area is seen as a single transmission by a UE.   MBSFN Area: an MBSFN Area consists of a group of cells within an MBSFN Synchronization Area of a network, which are co-ordinated to achieve an MBSFN Transmission. Except for the MBSFN Area Reserved Cells, all cells within an MBSFN Area contribute to the MBSFN Transmission and advertise its availability. The UE may only need to consider a subset of the MBSFN areas that are configured, i.e. when it knows which MBSFN area applies for the service(s) it is interested to receive.       

     SC-PTM provides one logical channel named as SC-MCCH (Single Cell Multicast Control Channel), and one or more logical channels named as SC-MTCH (Single Cell Multicast Traffic Channel). The logical channels are mapped to a transport channel ‘DL-SCH’, and a physical channel ‘PDSCH’. PDSCH carrying SC-MCCH or SC-MTCH data is scheduled by PDCCH scrambled with G-RNTI. Here, TMGI that corresponds to a service ID can be mapped to a specific G-RNTI value (e.g., one-to-one mapping). Thus, if base station provides a plurality of services a plurality of G-RNTI values can be allocated for SC-PTM transmission. One or more UEs may monitor PDCCH by using a specific G-RNTI for receiving a specific service. For specific service/specific G-RNTI, an SC-PTM dedicated DRX on-duration can be configured. In this case, the UEs may wake-up for a specific on-duration (s) and perform PDCCH monitoring based on G-RNTI. 
     HARQ-Related Operation for MBS 
     At least part of above paragraphs (e.g., 3GPP system, frame structure, NR system, etc.) can be referred to/coupled to/combined with one or more embodiments of the invention will be explained below. In the specification, ‘/’ may interpreted as ‘and’, ‘or’, or ‘and/or’ based on its context. 
     For supporting MBS (Multicast/Broadcast Service) service in NR system, DL broadcast or DL multicast transmission methods are discussed under Rel.-17 NR standard. Comparing with DL unicast transmission to individual UE (i.e., point-to-point), the point-to-multipoint (PTM) transmission scheme such as MBS is advantageous for radio resource saving since multiple UEs can receive one-time DL broadcast/multicast transmission of network. 
     On the other hand, in the NR, the UE may receive a DL broadcast/multicast transmission by configuring a BWP or common frequency resource for MBS. When the UE is in the connected mode, unicast PDCCH/PDSCH and MBS PDCCH/PDSCH may be monitored or received simultaneously. When these downlink transmissions are received together in one slot, it can be determined that the unicast PDSCH and the MBS PDSCH overlap. If a plurality of PDSCHs are transmitted within a predetermined time and if the UE determines that the plurality of PDSCHs overlapped with each other cannot be received simultaneously, the UE may need to determine which PDSCH to receive according to priority. 
     Accordingly, the present invention allows the UE to receive the unicast PDSCH and the MBS PDSCH according to priority when the PDSCHs are cannot be simultaneously received. Similarly priority can be defined for a case where the UE cannot receive a plurality of MBS PDSCHs simultaneously. For example, when unicast PDSCH(s) and MBS PDSCH(s) are TDM/FDM/SDM in one slot or when a plurality of MBS PDSCHs are TDM/FDM/SDM in one slot, one or more PDSCHs can be received according to the capability of the UE. There may be cases exceeding the UE capability and the UE has to receive one or some PDSCHs and drops the remaining PDSCHs. 
     Transmitter (e.g., Base Station) 
     For broadcasting the MBS service in a cell, the base station may transmit SIB1, MBS SIB, one or more MCCHs, and one or more MTCHs. The MCCH and the MTCH are logical channels and are transmitted through the physical channel (s), PDSCH(s), and are scheduled through the PDCCH (s). The MCCH transmits MBS control information, and one MTCH transmits specific MBS service data. 
     The base station provides BWP for MBS (i.e., MBS BWP) to UEs. MBS BWP can be divided into MBS SIB DL BWP and MBS SIB UL BWP for MBS SIB transmission and reception, MCCH DL BWP and MCCH UL BWP for MCCH transmission and reception, and MTCH DL BWP and MTCH UL BWP for MTCH transmission and reception. One cell may provide zero, one or more MBS DL BWPs and zero, one or more MBS UL BWPs. Accordingly, the base station supporting MBS may provide all of the above MBS BWP types separately from the existing Initial BWP or UE-dedicated BWP, or may provide only zero or some MBS BWPs. Some or all MBS BWPs may be the same as or different from the conventional Initial BWP or Default BWP or first active BWP or active BWP. 
     UE may configure SC-RNTI and MCCH transmission according to MBS SIB or MBS control information provided by the base station. MBS SIB or MBS control information may include configuration information for DL BWP and/or UL BWP for MB S. 
     The MBS SIB or MBS control information may include at least some of the following information.
         PUCCH resource sets for MBS feedback: Common PUCCH resource mapped to specific service ID (e.g., TMGI) or specific G-RNTI or specific MBS DL BWP or specific MTCH(s) or specific MCCH(s). Or, UE-dedicated PUCCH resources used by individual UEs receiving a specific service or specific G-RNTI based transmission.   RACH resource for MBS feedback: RACH resource information mapped to a specific service ID (e.g., TMGI) or specific G-RNTI or specific MBS DL BWP or specific MTCH(s) or specific MCCH(s). For example, a specific RACH preamble, Preamble Occasion, or RACH occasion may be mapped to a specific service ID (TMGI), a specific G-RNTI, a specific MBS DL BWP, or a specific MTCH(s) or a specific MCCH(s).       

     The base station provides MBS through UL BWP and/or DL BWP. For example, MCCH control information and MTCH are provided through DL BWP. Meanwhile, through the UL BWP, MBS feedback for PDSCH for MCCH or MBS feedback for PDSCH for MTCH is provided. The UL BWP may be used for reporting HARQ ACK/NACK of MBS feedback or MBS-related SSB/CSI-RS measurement result. 
     The base station may configure UE common PUCCH resource sets for a specific UL BWP of a specific cell for MBS feedback. The UE common PUCCH resource set is used by UEs performing HARQ feedback for a specific MBS PDSCH, and the base station may configure the UE common PUCCH resource set as shown in Table 7 below. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 7 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 PUCCH-ResourceSet ::= SEQUENCE { 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                  pucch-ResourceSetId 
                 PUCCH-ResourceSetId, 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                  resourceList SEQUENCE (SIZE (1..maxNrofPUCCH-ResourcesPerSet)) OF PUCCH- 
               
               
                 ResourceId, 
               
               
                  maxPayloadSize INTEGER (4..256) OPTIONAL -- Need R 
               
               
                 } 
               
               
                 PUCCH-Resource ::= SEQUENCE { 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                  pucch-ResourceId 
                 PUCCH-ResourceId, 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                  startingPRB PRB-Id, 
               
               
                  intraSlotFrequencyHopping ENUMERATED { enabled } OPTIONAL, -- Need R 
               
               
                  secondHopPRB PRB-Id OPTIONAL, -- Need R 
               
               
                  format CHOICE { 
               
               
                   format0 PUCCH-format0, 
               
               
                   format1 PUCCH-format1, 
               
               
                   format2 PUCCH-format2, 
               
               
                   format3 PUCCH-format3, 
               
               
                   format4 PUCCH-format4} 
               
               
                 } 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     One or more MTCH data or one or more MCCH data may be included in one MBS Transport Block (TB) for DL transmission. The base station transmits one MBS TB through PDSCH for MBS. In  FIG. 8 , one MBS PDSCH transmission is scheduled through DCI of the PDCCH. CRC of DCI may be scrambled with G-RNTI. A plurality of UEs may receive the DCI, decode the PDSCH scheduled by the DCI, and receive one MBS TB. 
     If a plurality of UEs need to receive through different beams, the base station may transmit different MBS PDSCHs on different beam RSs of one cell. In this case, different MBS PDSCHs may be used to repeatedly transmit the same MBS TB. For example, in  FIG. 8 , all MBS PDSCHs repeatedly transmit the same MBS TB, and different MBS PDSCH transmissions may be associated with different RSs and different TCI states. For example, one or more SSB indexes of the cell are mapped to one MBS PDSCH transmission. For example, SSB index 1 may be mapped to MBS PDCCH/PDSCH1, SSB index 2 may be mapped to MBS PDCCH/PDSCH2, SSB index 3 may be mapped to MBS PDCCH/PDSCH3, and the like. Alternatively, one or more CSI-RS resources of the cell may be mapped to one MBS PDSCH transmission. 
       FIG. 8  illustrates MBS PDSCH retransmission and resource allocation/transmission of UE common PUCCH associated with an SSB index according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
     The base station provides one or more CORESET and Search Space Set (SSS) through one or more DL BWPs for MBS PDCCH monitoring. One or more TCI states, one or more SSB indexes, one or more CSI-RS resources may be mapped to one or more CORESETs and/or SSSs. 
     Receiver (e.g., UE): 
     RRC connected UE may select a CORESET and a search space set according to its current TCI state, and may receive the DCI by monitoring the PDCCH through the selected SSS. Idle or inactive UE periodically measures the SSB index or CSI-RS resource, selects the CORESET and Search Space Set mapped to the SSB index or CSI-RS resource exceeding a threshold, and monitors the PDCCH through the selected SSS to receive DCI. 
     The UE monitors the MBS PDCCH through the DL BWP for the MBS. If there are CORESET and SSS mapped to a current TCI state or SSB index/CSI-RS resource exceeding the threshold in a plurality of DL BWPs, the idle/inactive UE selects an initial BWP or a DL BWP that overlaps with the initial BWP, and the connected UE selects a currently active BWP or configured BWP or a DLBWP that overlaps with the currently active BWP or configured BWP. 
     The UE monitors the MBS PDCCH through the selected DL BWP. If there are a plurality of CORESETs and SSSs mapped to the current TCI state or the SSB index/CSI-RS resource exceeding the threshold, UE may select a CORESET and SSS not overlapped with other transmission/reception operations of the UE, or select the closest CORESET and SSS. 
     The UE monitors the PDCCH through the selected CORESET and SSS, and receives DCI through the PDCCH. The DCI in which the CRC is scrambled is decoded with the G-RNTI of the MBS service that the UE wants to receive. 
     The DCI scrambled by the G-RNTI may include at least some of the following information:
         Identifier for DCI formats   Frequency domain resource assignment   SS/PBCH index or CSI-RS resource indicator or TCI state Id   Time domain resource assignment   VRB-to-PRB mapping   Modulation and coding scheme   New data indicator   Redundancy version   HARQ process number       

     The UE receives the PDSCH scheduled by the DCI. Here, ‘SS/PBCH index or CSI-RS resource indicator or TCI state Id’ indicates at least one of an SS/PBCH index or CSI-RS resource indicator or TCI state Id associated with the scheduled PDSCH. The UE receives the PDSCH according to the indicated SS/PBCH index or CSI-RS resource indicator or TCI state Id. 
     DCI may include at least the following information to allocate PUCCH resources for HARQ feedback.
         HARQ feedback enabling indicator—1 bit   &gt;TPC command for scheduled PUCCH—2 bits p1 &gt;PUCCH resource indicator—3 bits   &gt;PDSCH-to-HARQ_feedback timing indicator—3 bits       

     If the HARQ feedback enabling indicator=0, the UE assumes that the DCI does not include at least one of the TPC command for scheduled PUCCH, PUCCH resource indicator, and PDSCH-to-HARQ_feedback timing indicator, and does not transmit HARQ feedback for the PDSCH scheduled by the DCI. 
     If HARQ feedback enabling indicator=1, the UE assumes that at least one of the TPC command for scheduled PUCCH, PUCCH resource indicator, PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing indicator is included in the corresponding DCI, and transmits HARQ feedback for the PDSCH transmission through the PUCCH resource indicated by DCI. In this case, the UE performs PUCCH transmission through the PUCCH resource based on the SS/PBCH index or CSI-RS resource indicator or TCI state Id indicated in the corresponding DCI. UCI included in PUCCH includes HARQ feedback information. HARQ feedback information is determined as ACK or NACK according to the decoding result of the PDSCH transmission indicated by the corresponding DCI. 
     The base station may transmit beams related to different SS/PBCH indexes and/or CSI-RS resource indicators and/or TCI states for different PDSCHs transmitting the same MBS TB. In this way, different PDSCHs transmitting the same MBS TB may be referred to as an MBS PDSCH set. In  FIG. 8 , different PDSCHs in one MBS PDSCH set, such as PDSCH1, PDSCH2, and PDSCH3, may be associated with different SS/PBCHs, CSI-RS resources, and/or TCI states. 
     If DCI is not configured to indicate an SSB index, CSI-RS resource, or TCI state, the base station may configure the SSB index, CSI-RS resource, or TCI state associated with each PUCCH resource through an RRC message. At least one SSB index, or at least one CSI-RS resource, or at least one TCI state may be configured with respect to one PUCCH resource through an RRC message. If a UE is scheduled to perform PUCCH transmission based on a PUCCH resource indicated by DCI, the PUCCH transmission including an HARQ A/N may be performed based on the SSB index, CSI-RS resource, or TCI state associated with the PUCCH resource indicated by DCI. 
     Priority Related to Receiving PDSCH for MBS 
     Meanwhile, the UE receives one or more PDSCHs among a plurality of PDSCHs (i.e., one MBS PDSCH set) for the same MBS TB. For example, when measurements for SSB indexes 1 and 2 are equal to or greater than a threshold, the UE may receive both MBS PDSCH1 and MBS PDSCH2, or receive PDSCH1 or PDSCH2. If PDSCH1 transmission overlaps with another downlink transmission (e.g., unicast PDSCH), or when the UE cannot transmit and receive PDSCH1 and other uplink/downlink transmissions (e.g., unicast PDCCH/PDSCH/PUCCH/PUSCH, etc.) simultaneously, the UE transmits and receives high-priority transmissions. For example, if the priority (e.g., High Priority or Low Priority) indicated by the DCI of PDSCH1 or the (highest) priority of the logical channel(s) mapped to PDSCH1 is lower than or equal to the priority of other uplink/downlink transmissions, The UE receives PDSCH2 without receiving PDSCH1, and performs other uplink/downlink transmission/reception overlapping with PDSCH1. Or, if the priority indicated by the DCI of PDSCH1 or the (highest) priority of the logical channel(s) mapped to PDSCH1 is higher than the priority of other uplink/downlink transmissions, the UE may not transmit and receive other uplink/downlink transmissions, instead the UE can receive PDSCH1. Or, regardless of priority, when the UE cannot receive a PDSCH1 simultaneously with other uplink/downlink transmissions, a PDSCH2 does not overlap with other uplink/downlink transmissions, or the UE can perform other uplink/downlink transmissions and the PDSCH2 simultaneously, the UE can receive PDSCH2 without receiving PDSCH1, and performs other uplink/downlink transmission/reception overlapping with PDSCH1. 
       FIG. 9  illustrates an example of an MBS PDSCH reception based on the priority. The base station performs MBS PDSCH and Unicast PDSCH transmission for RRC connected UE. In this case, the MBS PDSCH and the unicast PDSCH may be transmitted in the same slot based on TDM/SDM/FDM. In this case, the UE may determine that the two PDSCHs are overlapped with each other, and may not be able to receive the two PDSCHs simultaneously due to the UE capability. To this end, the base station can indicate through the DCI for scheduling the unicast PDSCH, whether the MBS PDSCH of the same slot is HP (High Priority) or LP (Low Priority) compared to the unicast PDSCH, or indicate the logical channel priority of the unicast/MBS PDSCH TB. Alternatively, the DCI for scheduling the MBS PDSCH may indicate whether the MBS PDSCH is HP (High Priority) or LP (Low Priority) compared to the unicast PDSCH of the same slot or the logical channel priority of unicast/MBS PDSCH TB. If the UE cannot receive these PDSCHs simultaneously, if HP is indicated, the UE receives the MBS PDSCH and drops the unicast PDSCH reception. If the UE cannot receive these PDSCHs simultaneously, if LP is indicated, the UE receives the unicast PDSCH and drops MBS PDSCH reception. 
     For example, when the UE cannot receive these PDSCHs simultaneously and the logical channel priority of the MBS PDSCH TB is indicated by DCI for scheduling the MBS PDSCH, if the priority value Y is lower than a threshold value X indicated by the base station (i.e., X&gt;Y)(e.g., the lower value indicates the higher priority, for example, Value 0 can be the highest priority), the UE may determine that the priority of the MBS PDSCH is high, and receive the MBS PDSCH while dropping the unicast PDSCH reception. If the priority value Y is higher than the threshold value X indicated by the base station (i.e., X&lt;Y), the UE may determine that the priority of the MBS PDSCH is low and receive the unicast PDSCH while dropping the MBS PDSCH reception. The threshold value X may be indicated by DCI scheduling unicast PDSCH. 
     For example, when the UE cannot receive these PDSCHs simultaneously and the logical channel priority of the unicast PDSCH TB is indicated by DCI for scheduling the unicast PDSCH, if the priority value Y is lower than a threshold value X indicated by the base station (i.e., X&gt;Y)(e.g., the lower value indicates the higher priority, for example, Value 0 can be the highest priority), the UE may determine that the priority of the unicast PDSCH is high, and receive the unicast PDSCH while dropping the MBS PDSCH reception. If the priority value Y is higher than the threshold value X indicated by the base station (i.e., X&lt;Y), the UE may determines that the priority of the unicast PDSCH is low and receive the MBS PDSCH while dropping the reception of the unicast PDSCH. The threshold value X may be indicated by DCI scheduling the MBS PDSCH. 
     For example, when the UE cannot receive a plurality of MBS PDSCHs simultaneously and the logical channel priority of MBS PDSCH1 TB is indicated by DCI for scheduling one MBS PDSCH1, the priority value Y is lower than a threshold value X indicated by the base station (i.e., X&gt;Y)(e.g., the lower value indicates the higher priority, for example, Value 0 can be the highest priority), the UE may determine that the priority of MBS PDSCH1 is high, and receive the MBS PDSCH1 while dropping and MBS PDSCH2 reception. If the priority value Y is higher than the threshold value X indicated by the base station (i.e., X&lt;Y), the UE determines that the priority of MBS PDSCH1 is low and receives MBS PDSCH2 while dropping the MBS PDSCH1 reception. The threshold value X may be indicated by a DCI or MAC CE or RRC message for scheduling the MBS PDSCH. 
     For example, when the UE cannot simultaneously receive a plurality of MBS PDSCHs and the logical channel priority of each MBS PDSCH TB is indicated by each DCI for scheduling each MBS PDSCH, the UE may determine that a PDSCH indicated with the largest priority value has the lowest priority, and the UE may determine that the PDSCH indicated with the smallest priority value has the highest priority, and receives/drops PDSCHs in according to the priority order. 
     For example, when the UE cannot receive a plurality of MBS PDSCHs simultaneously and HP is indicated by DCI for scheduling one MBS PDSCH1, the UE may receive MBS PDSCH1 while dropping the MBS PDSCH2 reception. 
     For example, when the UE cannot simultaneously receive a plurality of MBS PDSCHs and LP is indicated by DCI for scheduling the MBS PDSCH1, the UE may receive the MBS PDSCH2 while dropping the MBS PDSCH1 reception. 
     For example, when the UE cannot receive a plurality of MBS PDSCHs simultaneously and HP is all indicated by each DCI scheduling each MBS PDSCH, or when all LPs are indicated by each DCI scheduling each MBS PDSCH, UE may prioritize a Nth HARQ PDSCH transmission over a Mth HARQ PDSCH transmitting(where N&gt;M, or N&lt;M). In this case, the UE may receive the prioritized PDSCH while dropping the non-prioritized PDSCH reception. 
     For example, when the UE cannot receive a plurality of MBS PDSCHs simultaneously and, HP is indicated for at least one of the MBS PDSCHs and LP is indicated for at least one of the MBS PDSCHs by each DCI for scheduling each MBS PDSCH, the ‘HP indicated PDSCH(s)’ is prioritized over the ‘LP indicated PDSCH(s)’. The ‘HP indicated PDSCH(s)’ is prioritized over the ‘LP indicated PDSCH(s)’. In this case, the UE may receive the prioritized PDSCH while dropping the non-prioritized PDSCH reception. 
     Meanwhile, when the UE performs PDCCH monitoring for RACH MSG2/MSG4/MSGB or receives a PDSCH, MBS PDCCH/PDSCH reception overlapping with the PDCCH monitoring/PDSCH reception. Also, MBS PDCCH/PDSCH reception overlapping with a measurement gap may be dropped. 
     According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the UE cannot receive the unicast PDSCH and the MBS PDSCH simultaneously, or when the UE cannot receive a plurality of MBS PDSCHs simultaneously, the UE can performs reception according to priority, so that the important PDSCH can be received. 
     Meanwhile, the MBS BWP can be referred to as “common frequency resource (CFR)”, and CFR may be configured as DL only. In this case, the HARQ-ACK (or NACK only) can be transmitted through (unicast) active UL BWP. HARQ feedback, may correspond to either A/N report or NACK only report according to configuration through higher layer. For example, when NACK only scheme is configured, HARQ feedback is transmitted only when the UE fails to receive a corresponding MBS, else if the UE correctly receive the MBS, ACK transmission is omitted. On the other hand, A/N report scheme is configured, the UE report HARQ-ACK response for both cases of ACK or NACK. 
     The CFR for MBS may provide the same MBS for one or more UEs.  FIG. 10  illustrates an example of CFR and BWP association. Referring to  FIG. 10 , the CFR_A is associated with (configured within) the UE1&#39;s BWP1, and the CFR_B is associated with (configured within) the UE1&#39;s BWP2. Also The CFR_A can be configured for UE2&#39;s BWP2 and UE3&#39;s BWP3, and CFR_B can be configured for UE2&#39;s BWP3 and UE34s BWP4. Thus, CFR_A is a common frequency resource for UEs 1, 2, and 3, and CFR_B is a common frequency resource for UEs 1, 2, and 4. 
     For example, let&#39;s assume that UE1&#39;s current active BWP is BWP1 and UE1 is receiving MBS in CFR_A associated with the UE1&#39;s BWP1. In this case, if the UE1 is indicated to switch to the BWP2 through DCI, then the UE1 activates BWP2 (which was in deactivated state) and starts to receive MBS through CFR_B associated with the new active BWP. Upon the completion of the BWP switching, BWP 1 can be deactivated. And, the UE1 no more receives CFR_A. 
       FIG. 11  illustrates a method of receiving a signal by a user equipment in an embodiment of the present invention. 
     As mentioned above, the (maximum) number of PDSCHs can be simultaneously received (based on FDM) is (limited by) UE capability. For example, for a case where the UE cannot simultaneously receive the unicast DL signal and the MBS DL signal, or for a case the UE cannot simultaneously receive a plurality of PDSCHs, the UE&#39;s operations (e.g., determine which signal to receive and which signal to drop) are proposed. 
     Referring to  FIG. 11 , a UE can receive a plurality of physical downlink control channels (PDCCHs) each carrying downlink control information (DCI) (B05). For example, the plurality of PDCCHs includes (i) one or more first PDCCHs carrying one or more first DCIs for scheduling one or more unicast physical downlink shared channels (PDSCHs) and (ii) one or more second PDCCHs carrying one or more second DCIs which is common for a UE-group and schedules one or more UE-group common PDSCHs, 
     The UE may receiving one or more downlink (DL) signals based on the PDCCHs (B10). For example, if the UE is scheduled to simultaneously receive the one or more PDSCHs and the one or more UE-group common PDSCHs at a same slot, and the simultaneously reception exceeds the UE&#39;s simultaneous reception capability, the UE prioritizes a PDSCH for random access procedure over remaining PDSCHs, determines priorities of the remaining PDSCHs based on priority information in each DCI, and receives ‘M’ PDSCHs including the PDSCH for random access and ‘M−1’ PDSCHs selected from the remaining PDSCHs, where ‘M’ related to the UE&#39;s simultaneous reception capability. 
     For example, the one or more UE-group common PDSCHs are related to multicast/broadcast service (MBS). 
     For example, in a state where the UE is scheduled simultaneously receive the one or more PDSCHs and the one or more UE-group common PDSCHs at the same slot, and the simultaneously reception does not exceeds the UE&#39;s simultaneous reception capability, the UE receives all the PDSCHs without dropping. 
     For example, the priority information is a priority indicator field used for determining a priority of a corresponding physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource. 
     For example, the priority information indicates a priority of a logical channel related to a corresponding PDSCH. 
     For example, the UE drops ‘N-(M−1)’ PDSCHs, where ‘N’ denotes a total number of the remaining PDSCHs. 
     For example, the UE determines to drop a MBS-related PDCCH or a MBS-related PDSCH based on that the MBS-related PDCCH or the MBS-related PDSCH overlaps with a measurement gap configured in the UE. 
     For example, the priority information indicates either one of a higher priority (HP) or a lower priority (LP). 
     According to other aspect of the present invention, a non-transitory computer readable medium recorded thereon program codes for performing the aforementioned method is presented. 
     According to another aspect of the present invention, the UE configured to perform the aforementioned method is presented. 
     According to another aspect of the present invention, a device configured to control the UE to perform the aforementioned method is presented. 
     According to another aspect of the present invention, a method of transmitting a signal by a base station (BS) in a wireless communication system, may comprise: transmitting, to a user equipment (UE), a plurality of physical downlink control channels (PDCCHs) each carrying downlink control information (DCI); and transmitting, to the UE, one or more downlink (DL) signals based on the PDCCHs, wherein the plurality of PDCCHs includes (i) one or more first PDCCHs carrying one or more first DCIs for scheduling one or more unicast physical downlink shared channels (PDSCHs) and (ii) one or more second PDCCHs carrying one or more second DCIs which is common for a UE-group and schedules one or more UE-group common PDSCHs, wherein, in a state where the UE is scheduled to simultaneously receive the one or more PDSCHs and the one or more UE-group common PDSCHs at a same slot, and the simultaneously reception exceeds the UE&#39;s simultaneous reception capability, the BS: prioritizes a PDSCH for random access procedure over remaining PDSCHs, determines priorities of the remaining PDSCHs based on priority information in each DCI, and transmits ‘M’ PDSCHs including the PDSCH for random access and ‘M−1’ PDSCHs selected from the remaining PDSCHs, where ‘M’ related to the UE&#39;s simultaneous reception capability. 
       FIG. 12  illustrates a communication system  1  applied to the present disclosure. Referring to  FIG. 12 , a communication system  1  applied to the present disclosure includes wireless devices, Base Stations (BSs), and a network. Herein, the wireless devices represent devices performing communication using Radio Access Technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G New RAT (NR)) or Long-Term Evolution (LTE)) and may be referred to as communication/radio/5G devices. The wireless devices may include, without being limited to, a robot  100   a , vehicles  100   b - 1  and  100   b - 2 , an eXtended Reality (XR) device  100   c , a hand-held device  100   d , a home appliance  100   e , an Internet of Things (IoT) device  100   f , and an Artificial Intelligence (AI) device/server  400 . For example, the vehicles may include a vehicle having a wireless communication function, an autonomous driving vehicle, and a vehicle capable of performing communication between vehicles. Herein, the vehicles may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). The XR device may include an Augmented Reality (AR)/Virtual Reality (VR)/Mixed Reality (MR) device and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) mounted in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance device, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The hand-held device may include a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch or a smartglasses), and a computer (e.g., a notebook). The home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, and a washing machine. The IoT device may include a sensor and a smartmeter. For example, the BSs and the network may be implemented as wireless devices and a specific wireless device  200   a  may operate as a BS/network node with respect to other wireless devices. 
     The wireless devices  100   a  to  100   f  may be connected to the network  300  via the BSs  200 . An AI technology may be applied to the wireless devices  100   a  to  100   f  and the wireless devices  100   a  to  100   f  may be connected to the AI server  400  via the network  300 . The network  300  may be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. Although the wireless devices  100   a  to  100   f  may communicate with each other through the BSs  200 /network  300 , the wireless devices  100   a  to  100   f  may perform direct communication (e.g., sidelink communication) with each other without passing through the BSs/network. For example, the vehicles  100   b - 1  and  100   b - 2  may perform direct communication (e.g. Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V)/Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). The IoT device (e.g., a sensor) may perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices  100   a  to  100   f . 
     Wireless communication/connections  150   a ,  150   b , or  150   c  may be established between the wireless devices  100   a  to  100   f /BS  200 , or BS  200 /BS  200 . Herein, the wireless communication/connections may be established through various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink/downlink communication  150   a , sidelink communication  150   b  (or, D2D communication), or inter BS communication (e.g. relay, Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB)). The wireless devices and the BSs/the wireless devices may transmit/receive radio signals to/from each other through the wireless communication/connections  150   a  and  150   b . For example, the wireless communication/connections  150   a  and  150   b  may transmit/receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, at least a part of various configuration information configuring processes, various signal processing processes (e g , channel encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, and resource mapping/demapping), and resource allocating processes, for transmitting/receiving radio signals, may be performed based on the various proposals of the present disclosure. 
       FIG. 13  illustrates wireless devices applicable to the present disclosure. Referring to  FIG. 13 , a first wireless device  100  and a second wireless device  200  may transmit radio signals through a variety of RATs (e.g., LTE and NR). Herein, {the first wireless device  100  and the second wireless device  200 } may correspond to {the wireless device  100   x  and the BS  200 } and/or {the wireless device  100   x  and the wireless device  100   x } of  FIG. 12 . 
     The first wireless device  100  may include one or more processors  102  and one or more memories  104  and additionally further include one or more transceivers  106  and/or one or more antennas  108 . The processor(s)  102  may control the memory(s)  104  and/or the transceiver(s)  106  and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor(s)  102  may process information within the memory(s)  104  to generate first information/signals and then transmit radio signals including the first information/signals through the transceiver(s)  106 . The processor(s)  102  may receive radio signals including second information/signals through the transceiver  106  and then store information obtained by processing the second information/signals in the memory(s)  104 . The memory(s)  104  may be connected to the processor(s)  102  and may store a variety of information related to operations of the processor(s)  102 . For example, the memory(s)  104  may store software code including commands for performing a part or the entirety of processes controlled by the processor(s)  102  or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. Herein, the processor(s)  102  and the memory(s)  104  may be a part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver(s)  106  may be connected to the processor(s)  102  and transmit and/or receive radio signals through one or more antennas  108 . Each of the transceiver(s)  106  may include a transmitter and/or a receiver. The transceiver(s)  106  may be interchangeably used with Radio Frequency (RF) unit(s). In the present disclosure, the wireless device may represent a communication modem/circuit/chip. 
     The second wireless device  200  may include one or more processors  202  and one or more memories  204  and additionally further include one or more transceivers  206  and/or one or more antennas  208 . The processor(s)  202  may control the memory(s)  204  and/or the transceiver(s)  206  and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor(s)  202  may process information within the memory(s)  204  to generate third information/signals and then transmit radio signals including the third information/signals through the transceiver(s)  206 . The processor(s)  202  may receive radio signals including fourth information/signals through the transceiver(s)  106  and then store information obtained by processing the fourth information/signals in the memory(s)  204 . The memory(s)  204  may be connected to the processor(s)  202  and may store a variety of information related to operations of the processor(s)  202 . For example, the memory(s)  204  may store software code including commands for performing a part or the entirety of processes controlled by the processor(s)  202  or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. Herein, the processor(s)  202  and the memory(s)  204  may be a part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver(s)  206  may be connected to the processor(s)  202  and transmit and/or receive radio signals through one or more antennas  208 . Each of the transceiver(s)  206  may include a transmitter and/or a receiver. The transceiver(s)  206  may be interchangeably used with RF unit(s). In the present disclosure, the wireless device may represent a communication modem/circuit/chip. 
     Hereinafter, hardware elements of the wireless devices  100  and  200  will be described more specifically. One or more protocol layers may be implemented by, without being limited to, one or more processors  102  and  202 . For example, the one or more processors  102  and  202  may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). The one or more processors  102  and  202  may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and/or one or more Service Data Unit (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. The one or more processors  102  and  202  may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. The one or more processors  102  and  202  may generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document and provide the generated signals to the one or more transceivers  106  and  206 . The one or more processors  102  and  202  may receive the signals (e.g., baseband signals) from the one or more transceivers  106  and  206  and acquire the PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. 
     The one or more processors  102  and  202  may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. The one or more processors  102  and  202  may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. As an example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in the one or more processors  102  and  202 . The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software and the firmware or software may be configured to include the modules, procedures, or functions. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be included in the one or more processors  102  and  202  or stored in the one or more memories  104  and  204  so as to be driven by the one or more processors  102  and  202 . The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, commands, and/or a set of commands 
     The one or more memories  104  and  204  may be connected to the one or more processors  102  and  202  and store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and/or commands The one or more memories  104  and  204  may be configured by Read-Only Memories (ROMs), Random Access Memories (RAMs), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memories (EPROMs), flash memories, hard drives, registers, cash memories, computer-readable storage media, and/or combinations thereof. The one or more memories  104  and  204  may be located at the interior and/or exterior of the one or more processors  102  and  202 . The one or more memories  104  and  204  may be connected to the one or more processors  102  and  202  through various technologies such as wired or wireless connection. 
     The one or more transceivers  106  and  206  may transmit user data, control information, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in the methods and/or operational flowcharts of this document, to one or more other devices. The one or more transceivers  106  and  206  may receive user data, control information, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document, from one or more other devices. For example, the one or more transceivers  106  and  206  may be connected to the one or more processors  102  and  202  and transmit and receive radio signals. For example, the one or more processors  102  and  202  may perform control so that the one or more transceivers  106  and  206  may transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other devices. The one or more processors  102  and  202  may perform control so that the one or more transceivers  106  and  206  may receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other devices. The one or more transceivers  106  and  206  may be connected to the one or more antennas  108  and  208  and the one or more transceivers  106  and  206  may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document, through the one or more antennas  108  and  208 . In this document, the one or more antennas may be a plurality of physical antennas or a plurality of logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). The one or more transceivers  106  and  206  may convert received radio signals/channels etc. from RF band signals into baseband signals in order to process received user data, control information, radio signals/channels, etc. using the one or more processors  102  and  202 . The one or more transceivers  106  and  206  may convert the user data, control information, radio signals/channels, etc. processed using the one or more processors  102  and  202  from the base band signals into the RF band signals. To this end, the one or more transceivers  106  and  206  may include (analog) oscillators and/or filters. 
       FIG. 14  illustrates another example of a wireless device applied to the present disclosure. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms according to a use-case/service (refer to  FIG. 14 ). 
     Referring to  FIG. 14 , wireless devices  100  and  200  may correspond to the wireless devices  100  and  200  of  FIG. 13  and may be configured by various elements, components, units/portions, and/or modules. For example, each of the wireless devices  100  and  200  may include a communication unit  110 , a control unit  120 , a memory unit  130 , and additional components  140 . The communication unit may include a communication circuit  112  and transceiver(s)  114 . For example, the communication circuit  112  may include the one or more processors  102  and  202  and/or the one or more memories  104  and  204  of  FIG. 13 . For example, the transceiver(s)  114  may include the one or more transceivers  106  and  206  and/or the one or more antennas  108  and  208  of  FIG. 13 . The control unit  120  is electrically connected to the communication unit  110 , the memory  130 , and the additional components  140  and controls overall operation of the wireless devices. For example, the control unit  120  may control an electric/mechanical operation of the wireless device based on programs/code/commands/information stored in the memory unit  130 . The control unit  120  may transmit the information stored in the memory unit  130  to the exterior (e.g., other communication devices) via the communication unit  110  through a wireless/wired interface or store, in the memory unit  130 , information received through the wireless/wired interface from the exterior (e.g., other communication devices) via the communication unit  110 . 
     The additional components  140  may be variously configured according to types of wireless devices. For example, the additional components  140  may include at least one of a power unit/battery, input/output (I/O) unit, a driving unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device may be implemented in the form of, without being limited to, the robot ( 100   a  of  FIG. 12 ), the vehicles ( 100   b - 1  and  100   b - 2  of  FIG. 12 ), the XR device ( 100   c  of  FIG. 12 ), the hand-held device ( 100   d  of  FIG. 12 ), the home appliance ( 100   e  of  FIG. 12 ), the IoT device ( 100   f  of  FIG. 12 ), a digital broadcast terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medicine device, a fintech device (or a finance device), a security device, a climate/environment device, the AI server/device ( 400  of  FIG. 12 ), the BSs ( 200  of  FIG. 12 ), a network node, etc. The wireless device may be used in a mobile or fixed place according to a use-example/service. 
     In  FIG. 14 , the entirety of the various elements, components, units/portions, and/or modules in the wireless devices  100  and  200  may be connected to each other through a wired interface or at least a part thereof may be wirelessly connected through the communication unit  110 . For example, in each of the wireless devices  100  and  200 , the control unit  120  and the communication unit  110  may be connected by wire and the control unit  120  and first units (e.g.,  130  and  140 ) may be wirelessly connected through the communication unit  110 . Each element, component, unit/portion, and/or module within the wireless devices  100  and  200  may further include one or more elements. For example, the control unit  120  may be configured by a set of one or more processors. As an example, the control unit  120  may be configured by a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an Electronic Control Unit (ECU), a graphical processing unit, and a memory control processor. As another example, the memory  130  may be configured by a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Dynamic RAM (DRAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM)), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and/or a combination thereof. 
       FIG. 15  illustrates a vehicle or an autonomous driving vehicle applied to the present disclosure. The vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle may be implemented by a mobile robot, a car, a train, a manned/unmanned Aerial Vehicle (AV), a ship, etc. 
     Referring to  FIG. 15 , a vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle  100  may include an antenna unit  108 , a communication unit  110 , a control unit  120 , a driving unit  140   a , a power supply unit  140   b , a sensor unit  140   c , and an autonomous driving unit  140   d . The antenna unit  108  may be configured as a part of the communication unit  110 . The blocks  110 / 130 / 140   a  to  140   d  correspond to the blocks  110 / 130 / 140  of  FIG. 14 , respectively. 
     The communication unit  110  may transmit and receive signals (e.g., data and control signals) to and from external devices such as other vehicles, BSs (e.g., gNBs and road side units), and servers. The control unit  120  may perform various operations by controlling elements of the vehicle or the autonomous driving vehicle  100 . The control unit  120  may include an Electronic Control Unit (ECU). The driving unit  140   a  may cause the vehicle or the autonomous driving vehicle  100  to drive on a road. The driving unit  140   a  may include an engine, a motor, a powertrain, a wheel, a brake, a steering device, etc. The power supply unit  140   b  may supply power to the vehicle or the autonomous driving vehicle  100  and include a wired/wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The sensor unit  140   c  may acquire a vehicle state, ambient environment information, user information, etc. The sensor unit  140   c  may include an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, a slope sensor, a weight sensor, a heading sensor, a position module, a vehicle forward/backward sensor, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an illumination sensor, a pedal position sensor, etc. The autonomous driving unit  140   d  may implement technology for maintaining a lane on which a vehicle is driving, technology for automatically adjusting speed, such as adaptive cruise control, technology for autonomously driving along a determined path, technology for driving by automatically setting a path if a destination is set, and the like. 
     For example, the communication unit  110  may receive map data, traffic information data, etc. from an external server. The autonomous driving unit  140   d  may generate an autonomous driving path and a driving plan from the obtained data. The control unit  120  may control the driving unit  140   a  such that the vehicle or the autonomous driving vehicle  100  may move along the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan (e.g., speed/direction control). In the middle of autonomous driving, the communication unit  110  may aperiodically/periodically acquire recent traffic information data from the external server and acquire surrounding traffic information data from neighboring vehicles. In the middle of autonomous driving, the sensor unit  140   c  may obtain a vehicle state and/or surrounding environment information. The autonomous driving unit  140   d  may update the autonomous driving path and the driving plan based on the newly obtained data/information. The communication unit  110  may transfer information about a vehicle position, the autonomous driving path, and/or the driving plan to the external server. The external server may predict traffic information data using AI technology, etc., based on the information collected from vehicles or autonomous driving vehicles and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicles or the autonomous driving vehicles. 
       FIG. 16  is a diagram illustrating a DRX operation of a UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     The UE may perform a DRX operation in the afore-described/proposed procedures and/or methods. A UE configured with DRX may reduce power consumption by receiving a DL signal discontinuously. DRX may be performed in an RRC_IDLE state, an RRC_INACTIVE state, and an RRC_CONNECTED state. The UE performs DRX to receive a paging signal discontinuously in the RRC_IDLE state and the RRC_INACTIVE state. DRX in the RRC_CONNECTED state (RRC_CONNECTED DRX) will be described below. 
     Referring to  FIG. 16 , a DRX cycle includes an On Duration and an Opportunity for DRX. The DRX cycle defines a time interval between periodic repetitions of the On Duration. The On Duration is a time period during which the UE monitors a PDCCH. When the UE is configured with DRX, the UE performs PDCCH monitoring during the On Duration. When the UE successfully detects a PDCCH during the PDCCH monitoring, the UE starts an inactivity timer and is kept awake. On the contrary, when the UE fails in detecting any PDCCH during the PDCCH monitoring, the UE transitions to a sleep state after the On Duration. Accordingly, when DRX is configured, PDCCH monitoring/reception may be performed discontinuously in the time domain in the afore-described/proposed procedures and/or methods. For example, when DRX is configured, PDCCH reception occasions (e.g., slots with PDCCH SSs) may be configured discontinuously according to a DRX configuration in the present disclosure. On the contrary, when DRX is not configured, PDCCH monitoring/reception may be performed continuously in the time domain. For example, when DRX is not configured, PDCCH reception occasions (e.g., slots with PDCCH SSs) may be configured continuously in the present disclosure. Irrespective of whether DRX is configured, PDCCH monitoring may be restricted during a time period configured as a measurement gap. 
     Table 8 describes a DRX operation of a UE (in the RRC_CONNECTED state). Referring to Table 8, DRX configuration information is received by higher-layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling), and DRX ON/OFF is controlled by a DRX command from the MAC layer. Once DRX is configured, the UE may perform PDCCH monitoring discontinuously in performing the afore-described/proposed procedures and/or methods, as illustrated in  FIG. 5 . 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 8 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Type of signals 
                 UE procedure 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                 1 st  step 
                 RRC signalling(MAC- 
                 Receive DRX configuration 
               
               
                   
                 CellGroupConfig) 
                 information 
               
               
                 2 nd  Step 
                 MAC CE((Long) DRX 
                 Receive DRX command 
               
               
                   
                 command MAC CE) 
               
               
                 3 rd  Step 
                 — 
                 Monitor a PDCCH during an 
               
               
                   
                   
                 on-duration of a DRX cycle 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     MAC-CellGroupConfig includes configuration information required to configure MAC parameters for a cell group. MAC-CellGroupConfig may also include DRX configuration information. For example, MAC-CellGroupConfig may include the following information in defining DRX.
         Value of drx-OnDurationTimer: defines the duration of the starting period of the DRX cycle.   Value of drx-InactivityTimer: defines the duration of a time period during which the UE is awake after a PDCCH occasion in which a PDCCH indicating initial UL or DL data has been detected   Value of drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerDL: defines the duration of a maximum time period until a DL retransmission is received after reception of a DL initial transmission.   Value of drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerDL: defines the duration of a maximum time period until a grant for a UL retransmission is received after reception of a grant for a UL initial transmission.   drx-LongCycleStartOffset: defines the duration and starting time of a DRX cycle.   drx-ShortCycle (optional): defines the duration of a short DRX cycle. When any of drx-OnDurationTimer, drx-InactivityTimer, drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerDL, and drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerDL is running, the UE performs PDCCH monitoring in each PDCCH occasion, staying in the awake state.