Patent Publication Number: US-4317912-A

Title: Tetracyclic indole derivatives

Description:
This invention relates to 5(10→9)abeo-ergoline derivatives and to processes for their preparation. 
     The invention provides 5(10→9)abeo-ergoline derivatives of the general formula (I): ##STR2## wherein R 1  represents a hydrogen atom, or a carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, piperidinocarbonyl, 1-pyrrolidinylcarbonyl, morpholinocarbonyl, carbamoyl or benzylcarbamoyl group, or an alkylcarbamoyl or dialkylcarbamoyl group in which the, or each, alkyl group has from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; 
     R 2  represents a hydrogen or fluorine atom, or a cyano, acetyl or carbamoyl group; and 
     R 3  represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and 
       represents a single or a double bond, and with the proviso that R 1  and R 2  do not simultaneously represent hydrogen atoms. 
     This invention further provides a process for the preparation of 5(10→9)abeo-ergoline derivatives of the general formula (I) where R 1  represents an ethoxycarbonyl group,   represents a double bond, and R 2  and R 3  are as above defined, the process comprising condensing a 5(10→9)abeo-9,10-didehydro-6-methyl-ergoline-8β-methanol tosylate of the general formula (II) hereinbelow, wherein R 3  is as above defined, with a compound of the formula CH 2  R 2 .COOC 2  H 5 , wherein R 2  is as above defined, the condensation being effected in a polar aprotic solvent at a temperature of from 50° C. to 100° C. for 2 to 10 hours. 
     The process is schematically illustrated below: ##STR3## 
     Suitable polar aprotic solvents include dimethylsulphoxide and dimethylformamide. 
     The compounds (II) are known compounds, and are described in British Pat. No. 1,482,871. 
     The compounds (I) wherein   represents a double bond, other than compounds (III), may be prepared from compounds (III) by hydrolysis (to give compounds in which R 1  represents a carboxy group), hydrolysis and esterification with an alkanol other than ethanol (to give compounds in which R 1  represents an alkoxycarbonyl group other than ethoxycarbonyl), hydrolysis and decarboxylation (to give compounds in which R 1  represents a hydrogen atom), or by treatment with ammonia, benzylamine, piperidine, pyrrolidine or morpholine, or an alkylamine or a dialkylamine in which the, or each, alkyl group has from 1 to 4 carbon atoms (to give compounds in which R 1  represents a carbamoyl, benzylcarbamoyl, piperidinocarbonyl, 1-pyrrolidinylcarbonyl or morpholinocarbonyl group, or an alkylcarbamoyl or dialkylcarbamoyl group in which the, or each, alkyl group has from 1 to 4 carbon atoms). 
     Alternatively, compounds (III) in which R 2  is cyano can be hydrolyzed and decarboxylated to give a propionitrile which, by esterification and treatment with ammonia, benzylamine, piperidine, pyrrolidine or morpholine, or an alkylamine or a dialkylamine in which the, or each, alkyl group has from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, may be converted into compounds (I) in which R 2  is a hydrogen atom and R 1  represents a carbamoyl, benzylcarbamoyl, piperidinocarbonyl, 1-pyrrolidinylcarbonyl or morpholinocarbonyl group, or an alkylcarbamoyl or dialkylcarbamoyl group in which the, or each, alkyl group has from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. 
     These functional group interconversions may be effected under conditions per se well known to those skilled in the art. 
     The compounds (I) wherein   represents a single bond may be prepared from the corresponding compounds (I) wherein   represents a double bond by hydrogenation, using a palladium/carbon catalyst. 
     The cis-trans forms may be separated by conventional methods, for example by conversion into oxalate salts and fractional crystallization thereof, and alkaline treatment of the products. 
     The compounds (I) and their pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts are useful antihypertensive agents, devoid of emetic activity, and with low toxicity, and can be administered orally or parenterally in admixture with a suitable vehicle of an otherwise conventional nature. 
     EVALUATION OF ANTI-HYPERTENSIVE ACTIVITY 
     1. Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (MHS): 
     Four spontaneously hypertensive male rats, strains MHS, weighing 250-300 g for each group were used. 
     The animals were treated for four consecutive days. Drugs were administered by gastric gavage, suspended in 5% arabic gum (0.2 ml/100 g body weight). Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were measured at the tail by BP Recorder W+W. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured on the 1st and 4th day of treatment 1 hour before and 1 and 5 hours after drug administration. The results are reported in Tables 1 and 2 below. 
     2. Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (Okamoto): 
     Blood pressure recordings were made in conscious hypertensive unrestrained rats weighing approximately 300 g, via a catheter cronically inserted into the left common carotid artery. Implantation of arterial cannula was made under sodium pentobarbital anesthesia (50 mg/kg i.p.). A 1 cm long incision was made through the previously shaved ventral surface of the neck and the tissues overlying the trachea parted by blunt dissection to reveal the carotid artery. The polyethylene catheter used was made with PE 50 tubing, previously filled with saline containing 250 I.U./ml heparin. The tip of the cannula was pushed at least 2 cm inside the vessel toward the heart. The cannula was then firmly tied and passed beneath the skin to emerge from a small incision in the back of the neck. During the postoperative period and before the start of each recording session, the cannula was flushed through daily with saline containing heparin (250 U.I./ml). The experiments were performed two days after surgery. Drugs were administered by gastric gavage. Results are reported in Tables 3 and 4 below. 
     EVALUATION OF THE TOXICITY 
     The male mice for each group were orally treated with drugs at different dose levels for the determination of orientative toxicity. The mice were observed for seven days after administration. 
     The data obtained are summarized in Table 5 below. 
     
                       TABLE 1                                                     
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Variation in blood pressure (BP) in MHS rats. The                         
values represent the mean obtained in 4 animals.                          
               1st day   4th day                                          
               Change in BP (mmHg)                                        
            Dose     1 hr    5 hrs 1 hr  5 hrs                            
            mg/kg    after   after after after                            
Compound    os       dose    dose  dose  dose                             
______________________________________                                    
355/1165    0.5      -13     -17   -17   -3                               
(EXAMPLE 8) 1        -15     -19   -30   -42                              
            2        -25     -53   -33   -45                              
355/1166    5        -8      -20   -22   -26                              
(EXAMPLE 9)                                                               
Hydralazine 1        0       -10   +7    +2                               
            3        -43     -29   -15   +5                               
α-Methyl-DOPA                                                       
            30       -27     -4    -2    0                                
            100      -6      -22   -19   -31                              
355/1225    1        -28     -17   -34   -21                              
(EXAMPLE 13)                                                              
            5        -67     -42   -34   -21                              
355/1226    1        -32     -27   -21   -42                              
(EXAMPLE 14)                                                              
            3        -47     -57   -40   -42                              
355/1229    1        -26     -19   -21   - 12                             
(EXAMPLE 2) 5        -26     -20   -36   -45                              
______________________________________                                    
 
    
     
                       TABLE 2                                                     
______________________________________                                    
Variation in heart rate (HR) in MHS rats. The values                      
represent the mean obtained in 4 animals.                                 
               1st day   4th day                                          
               Change in HR (b/min)                                       
            Dose     1 hr    5 hrs 1 hr  5 hrs                            
            mg/kg    after   after after after                            
Compound    os       dose    dose  dose  dose                             
______________________________________                                    
355/1165    0.5      -25     -25   -30   -35                              
(EXAMPLE 8) 1        -20     -15   -27   -20                              
            2        -47     -80   -48   -55                              
355/1166    5        -25     -25   -35   -20                              
(EXAMPLE 9)                                                               
Hydralazine 1        +20     +25   +30   +15                              
            3        +31     +34   +18   +13                              
α-Methyl-DOPA                                                       
            30       +33     +36   +50   +20                              
            100      +73     +40   +70   +20                              
355/1225    1        +5      -22   -40   -43                              
(EXAMPLE 13)                                                              
            5        -32     -4    -55   -59                              
355/1226    1        -20     +3    -5    -13                              
(EXAMPLE 14)                                                              
            3        -20     -10   -40   -45                              
355/1229    1        +25     -2    -18   -53                              
(EXAMPLE 2) 5        -40     -35   -50   -55                              
______________________________________                                    
 
    
     
                       TABLE 3                                                     
______________________________________                                    
Variation in blood pressure in hypertensive rats (Oka-                    
moto). The values represent the mean obtained in 6 animals.               
          Dose   Change (mmHg) in blood                                   
          mg/kg  pressure after treatment                                 
Compound    os       30&#39;     60&#39;  120&#39; 240&#39; 360&#39;                          
______________________________________                                    
355/1165                                                                  
(EXAMPLE 8) 1        -21     -29  -33  -26  -23                           
355/1166                                                                  
(EXAMPLE 9) 5        0       -3   -15  -18  -10                           
Hydralazine 3        -25     -33  -40  -29  -7                            
355/1226                                                                  
(EXAMPLE 14)                                                              
            3        -19     -28  -40  -32  -25                           
______________________________________                                    
 
    
     
                       TABLE 4                                                     
______________________________________                                    
Variation in heart rate in hypertensive rats (Okamoto).                   
The values represent the mean obtained in 6 animals.                      
          Dose  Change (b/min) in heart rate after                        
          mg/kg treatment                                                 
Compound    os      30&#39;     60&#39;   120&#39; 240&#39;  360&#39;                         
______________________________________                                    
355/1165                                                                  
(EXAMPLE 8) 1       -25     -45   -52  -8   +18                           
366/1166                                                                  
(EXAMPLE 9) 5       -20     -20   -35  -15  -20                           
Hydralazine 3       +50     +21   +52  +3   +3                            
355/1226                                                                  
(EXAMPLE 14)                                                              
            3       -33     -30   -23  -16  +4                            
______________________________________                                    
 
    
     
                       TABLE 5                                                     
______________________________________                                    
Acute toxicity.                                                           
Compound    Orientative toxicity in mice (mg/kg per os)                   
______________________________________                                    
355/1165    &gt;1000                                                         
(EXAMPLE 8)                                                               
355/1166    &gt;800                                                          
(EXAMPLE 9)                                                               
Hydralazine*                                                              
            122                                                           
α-Methyl-DOPA*                                                      
            5300                                                          
355/1225    600                                                           
(EXAMPLE 13)                                                              
355/1226    &gt;800                                                          
(EXAMPLE 14)                                                              
355/1229    600                                                           
(EXAMPLE 2)                                                               
______________________________________                                    
  *Data of LD.sub.50 from the literature.   In Tables 1 and 2 are reported
 the results of the study of the activity of compounds 355/1165 and
 355/1166 upon the BP and HR (measured indirectly by means of a tail cuff)
 of spontaneous hypertensive rats, MHS strain (4 rats each group). The
 compounds were given orally, once a day for 4 consecutive days.
 
    
     Compound 355/1165 at the doses tested of 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/kg per os, significantly lowers BP on the 1st and 4th day after the treatment. This effect is correlated to the dose administered and lasting until the 5th hour postdosings. 
     The compound 355/1166 at 5 mg/kg per os lowers BP at each recording session, but its effect is more pronounced after the 4th dose. 
     The compound 355/1225 orally given at doses of 1 and 5 mg/kg reduces blood pressure in dose-dependent manner on both the 1st and 4th day of treatment. The peak effect is reached one hour after dosing. 
     The compound 355/1226 at both the doses tried (1 and 3 mg/kg per os) decreases BP; especially with the higher dose, this effect is remarkable and long lasting. 
     The compound 355/1229 was tried at doses of 1 and 5 mg/kg per os; both dosages reduce BP in a similar way on the 1st day, when during the 4th day the decrease of BP is dose-dependent. 
     Compound 355/1165 at 2 mg/kg per os and compound 355/1226 at 3 mg/kg per os show a more marked antihypertensive activity on the 1st day compared with Hydralazine (3 mg/kg per os) and even greater effect on the 4th day, because with compound 355/1165 and compound 355/1226 tolerance does not occur after repeated administration. Compared with α-methyl-DOPA, the two compounds are 50 times more active. 
     The compound 355/1166 at the dose tested of 5 mg/kg per os, proved to be 20 times more effective than α-methyl-DOPA. This compound has a less pronounced activity than Hydralazine (3 mg/kg per os) on the 1st day; its effect, moreover, is longer lasting, because 1st and 5th hours after the 4th administration, compound 355/1166 shows a greater hypotensive effect. 
     The compounds 355/1225 and 355/1229 at the dose of 5 mg/kg per os, show a greater activity during both the 1st and 4th day of treatment than Hydralazine (3 mg/kg per os) and α-methyl-DOPA. No tolerance occurs with these compounds. 
     Bradycardia is observed at all the doses treated; hydralazine and α-methyl-DOPA show no effect on heart rate (Table 2). 
     Tables 3 and 4 summarize the oral activity of compounds 355/1165, 355/1166 and 355/1226 on BP and HR of spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR, Okamoto strain) provided with cronic cannulation of the left carotid artery. Using this strain of hypertensive rats compound 355/1165 (1 mg/kg per os) is 3 times more active than hydralazine and shows a marked and long lasting hypotensive activity, whereas compound 355/1166 (5 mg/kg per os) is less effective than the reference compound. 
     Compound 355/1226 (3 mg/kg per os) shows an intermediate activity between compound 355/1165 and compound 355/1166. 
     Changes on HR taking place after the administration of compounds 355/1165, 355/1166 and 355/1226 are reported in Table 4. It should be noted that in any case these compounds produce a slight bradycardia and never tachicardia. 
     The results of preliminary oral toxicity tests show that all compounds are less toxic than hydralazine and have a higher therapeutic index than α-methyl-DOPA. 
    
    
     The following examples still further illustrate the invention: 
     EXAMPLE 1 
     2-Cyano-3-[5(10→9)abeo-9,10-didehydro-6-methylergoline-8β]-propionic acid ethyl ester. (III: R 3  =H) 
     A mixture of 4.65 g of sodium ethyl cyanoacetate, 7 g of 5(10→9)abeo-9,10-didehydro-6-methyl-ergoline-8β-methanol tosylate and 2.8 g of potassium iodide in 100 ml of dimethylsulphoxide and 1 ml of ethyl cyanoacetate was heated under stirring at 70° C. for 5 hours. The solution was poured into 500 ml of iced water. The resultant precipitate was filtered off, dried and chromatographed on a silica gel column using chloroform as eluant, giving 3.5 g of the title compound, m.p. 191°-193° C. 
     EXAMPLE 2 
     2-Cyano-3-[5(10→9)abeo-9,10-didehydro-6-methyl-ergoline-8β]-propionamide. (355/1229). (I: R 1  =NH 2  CO, R 2  =CN, R 3  =H, is a double bond) 
     2 g of 2-cyano-3-[5(10→9)abeo-9,10-didehydri-6-methylergoline-8β]-propionic acid ethyl ester, prepared as described in Example 1, were dissolved in 100 ml of methanol saturated with liquid ammonia. The solution was kept in a stoppered vessel at room temperature for 2 hours, and then evaporated to dryness to give 1.4 g of the title compound, m.p. 184°-186° C. 
     EXAMPLE 3 
     2-Cyano-3-[5(10→9)abeo-9,10-didehydro-6-methyl-ergoline-8β]-N-ethylpropionamide. (I: R 1  =C 2  H 5  NHCO, R 2  =CN, R 3  =H,   is a double bond) 
     Operating as in Example 2, but employing ethylamine instead of ammonia, the title compound was obtained as a foam in 70% yield. 
     EXAMPLE 4 
     2-Cyano-3-[5(10→9)abeo-9,10-didehydro-6-methyl-ergoline-8β]-N-benzyl-propionamide. (I: R 1  =C 6  H 5  CH 2  NHCO, R 2  =CN, R 3  =H,   is a double bond) 
     Operating as in Example 2, but employing benzylamine instead of ammonia, the title compound was obtained as a foam in 60% yield. 
     EXAMPLE 5 
     2-Cyano-3-[5(10→9)abeo-9,10-didehydro-6-methyl-ergoline-8β]-N-propionylpyrrolidine. (I: R 1  =1-pyrrolidinyl-carbonyl, R 2  =CN, R 3  =H,   is a double bond) 
     Operating as in Example 2, but employing pyrrolidine instead of ammonia, the title compound was obtained as a foam in 65% yield. 
     EXAMPLE 6 
     5(10→9)abeo-9,10-didehydro-6-methyl-ergoline-8β-propionitrile. (I: R 1  =R 3  =H, R 2  =CN,   is a double bond) 
     1.2 g of 2-cyano-3-[5(10→9)abeo-9,10-didehydro-6-methyl-ergoline-8β]-propionic acid ethyl ester, prepared as described in Example 1, were dissolved in 50 ml of methanol and treated with 0.5 g of sodium hydroxide in 20 ml of water. After stirring for 3 hours, the solution was poured into water and neutralized with dilute acetic acid. The 2-cyano-3-[5(10→9)abeo-9,10-didehydro-6-methyl-ergoline-8β]-propionic acid was filtered off and dissolved in 30 ml of dimethylformamide. It was then warmed at 120° C. for 24 hours to effect decarboxylation. After evaporation off of the solvent, the title compound was obtained as a foam in 80% yield. 
     EXAMPLE 7 
     5(10→9)abeo-9,10-didehydro-6-methyl-ergoline-8β-propionamide. (I: R 1  =R 3  =H, R 2  =CONH 2 ,   is a double bond) 
     0.7 g of 5(10→9)abeo-9,10-didehydro-6-methyl-ergoline-8β-propionitrile, prepared as described in Example 6, was dissolved in 50 ml of t-butanol and treated with 1 g of potassium hydroxide. The mixture was refluxed for 24 hours. After evaporating off the solvent, the title compound was obtained as a foam in 69% yield. 
     EXAMPLE 8 
     2-Cyano-3-[trans-5(10→9)abeo-6-methyl-ergoline-8β]-propionamide (355/1165). (I: R 1  =NH 2  CO, R 2  =CN, R 3  =H,   is a single bond) 
     A solution of 2.5 g of 2-cyano-3-[5(10→9)abeo-9,10-didehydro-6-methyl-ergoline-8β]-propionamide, prepared as described in Example 2, in 500 ml of ethanol was hydrogenated in the presence of 4 g of a 10% palladium on carbon catalyst. After evaporating off the ethanol, the residue was treated with one mole of oxalic acid and the salts of the cis and trans forms were separated by fractional crystallization from water in which the oxalate of the trans form is less soluble. Treatment of the trans-oxalate with potassium hydroxide gave 1 g of the title compound, m.p. 251°-252° C. 
     EXAMPLE 9 
     2-Cyano-3-[trans-5(10→9)abeo-6-methyl-ergoline-8β]-propionic acid ethyl ester (355/1166). (I: R 1  =COOC 2  H 5 , R 2  =CN, R 3  =H,   is a single bond) 
     Operating as in Example 8, but employing 2-cyano-3-[5(10→9)abeo-9,10-didehydro-6-methyl-ergoline-8β]-propionic acid ethyl ester, prepared as described in Example 1, the title compound was obtained in 40% yield, m.p. 182°-184° C. 
     EXAMPLE 10 
     2-Cyano-3-[trans-5(10→9)abeo-6-methyl-ergoline-8β]-N-ethylpropionamide. (I: R 1  =C 2  H 5  NHCO, R 2  =CN, R 3  =H,   is a single bond) 
     Operating as in Example 8, but employing 2-cyano-3-[5(10→9)abeo-9,10-didehydro-6-methyl-ergoline-8β]-N-ethylpropionamide, prepared as described in Example 3, the title compound was obtained as a foam in 40% yield. 
     EXAMPLE 11 
     2-Cyano-3-[trans-5(10→9)abeo-6-methyl-ergoline-8β]-N-benzylpropionamide. (I: R 1  =C 6  H 5  CH 2 .NHCO, R 2  =CN, R 3  =H,   is a single bond) 
     Operating as in Example 8, but employing 2-cyano-3-[5(10→9)abeo-9,10-didehydro-6-methyl-ergoline-8β]-N-benzylpropionamide, prepared as described in Example 4, the title compound was obtained as a foam in 35% yield. 
     EXAMPLE 12 
     2-Cyano-3-[trans-5(10→9)abeo-6-methyl-ergoline-8β]-propionylpyrrolidine. (I: R 1  =1-pyrrolidinylcarbonyl, R 2  =CN, R 3  =H, is a single bond) 
     Operating as in Example 8, but employing 2-cyano-3-[5(10→9)abeo-9,10-didehydro-6-methyl-ergoline-8β]-propionylpyrrolidine, prepared as described in Example 5, the title compound was obtained as a foam in 40% yield. 
     EXAMPLE 13 
     Trans-5(10→9)abeo-6-methyl-ergoline-8β-propionitrile. (355/1225) (I: R 1  =R 3  =H, R 2  =CN,   is a single bond) 
     Operating as in Example 8, but employing 5(10→9)abeo-9,10-didehydro-6-methyl-ergoline-8β-propionitrile, prepared as described in Example 6, the title compound was obtained in 50% yield, m.p. 167°-169° C. 
     EXAMPLE 14 
     Trans-5(10→9)abeo-6-methyl-ergoline-8β-propionamide. (I: R 1  =R 3  =H, R 2  =CONH 2 ,   is a single bond) (355/1226) 
     Operating as in Example 8, but employing 5(10→9)abeo-9,10-didehydro-6-methyl-ergoline-8β-propionamide, prepared as described in Example 7, the title compound was obtained in 45% yield, m.p. 205°-207° C. 
     EXAMPLE 15 
     Trans-5(10→9)abeo-6-methyl-ergoline-8β-N-ethyl-propionamide 
     2 g of trans-5(10→9)abeo-6-methyl-ergoline-8β-propionitrile, prepared as described in Example 13, in 20 ml of dioxane, 10 ml of ethanol, and 10 ml of 30% KOH were refluxed for 18 hours. 
     The solution was evaporated in vacuo and the residue was suspended in 60 ml of methanol containing 6 ml of H 2  SO 4 . After 4 hours at room temperature the solution was diluted with water, basified with NH 4  OH,, and extracted with chloroform. Evaporation of the solvent left a residue of trans-5(10→9)abeo-6-methyl-ergoline-8β-propionic acid methyl ester (m.p. 203°-205° C.) that was dissolved in 50 ml of methanol and 2 ml of ethylamine. The solution was kept in a Parr bomb at 100° C. for 3 days, then the solution was evaporated to give 1.5 g of the title compound, m.p. 227°-229° C. 
     EXAMPLE 16 
     Trans-5(10→9)abeo-6-methyl-ergoline-8β-N-benzylpropionamide 
     Operating as in Example 15, but employing benzylamine, the title compound was obtained, m.p. 185°-187° C., in 60% yield. 
     EXAMPLE 17 
     Trans-5(10→9)abeo-6-methyl-ergoline-8β-N-propionylpyrrolidine 
     Operating as in Example 15, but employing pyrrolidine, the title compound m.p. 202°-204° C., was obtained in 55% yield. 
     EXAMPLE 18 
     Trans-5(10→9)abeo-6-methyl-ergoline-8β-N-propionylpiperidine 
     Operating as in Example 15, but employing piperidine, the title compound was obtained as a foam in 50% yield. 
     EXAMPLE 19 
     Trans-5(10→9)abeo-6-methyl-ergoline-8β-N-allyl-propionamide 
     Operating as in Example 15, but employing allylamine, the title compound was obtained as a foam in 40% yield. 
     EXAMPLE 20 
     Trans-5(10→9)abeo-6-methyl-ergoline-8β-N-n.butylpropionamide 
     Operating as in Example 15, but employing n.butylamine, the title compound was obtained as a foam in 65% yield. 
     EXAMPLE 21 
     Trans-5(10→9)abeo-6-methyl-ergoline-8β-N-diethylpropionamide 
     Operating as in Example 15, but employing diethylamine, the title compound was obtained as a foam in 50% yield. 
     EXAMPLE 22 
     Trans-5(10→9)abeo-6-methyl-ergoline-8β-N-i.propylpropionamide 
     Operating as in Example 15, but employing isopropylamine, the title compound was obtained as a foam in 60% yield. 
     EXAMPLE 23 
     Trans-5(10→9)abeo-6-methyl-ergoline-8β-N-methylbutylpropionamid 
     Operating as in Example 15, but employing N-methylbutylamine, the title compound was obtained as a foam in 75% yield.