Patent Publication Number: US-9888734-B2

Title: Energy absorbing athletic glove

Description:
CROSS-REFERNCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a Continuation Application of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/834,276, filed Jul. 12, 2010 and entitled “Energy Absorbing Athletic Glove” the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Athletic competitions may be won and lost based on a single event. Consequently, an athlete participating in a competition strives to perform his or her very best at each opportunity. Some sport activities include catching an object with the athlete&#39;s hand(s). For example, an American football receiver catches a football with one or both hands. The athlete may look to increase the success of catching the object by enhancing and supplementing natural characteristics of the very hand(s) catching the object. 
     Natural characteristics of a hand include a coefficient of friction that exists between the hand and the object. Another natural characteristic includes energy absorption materials naturally occurring within the hand. For example, fat, muscle, and fluids may serve as a natural energy absorbing material at locations of the hand. However, not all areas of a hand have a desired coefficient of friction and/or quantity of naturally occurring energy absorption material. 
     Therefore, in an effort to increase an athlete&#39;s chance at succeeding, some athletes may desire to supplement natural characteristics with gear. For example, a baseball catcher may wear a leather mitt designed for securing a pitch from a pitcher. Similarly, an athlete whose responsibilities may include catching, receiving, or otherwise securing an object may also desire to supplement natural characteristics of their hand(s) by wearing one or more gloves. 
     SUMMARY 
     Embodiments of the present invention relate to a glove. The glove includes a substrate having an exterior surface and a complementary interior surface. The substrate is used in constructing a palmar portion of the glove. The glove incorporates a first layer of material affixed to the exterior surface of the substrate. Further, the glove incorporates a second layer of material affixed to the interior surface of the substrate. Additionally, one of the first layer or the second layer of material has both a first thickness in a first location and a second thickness in a second location along a surface of the substrate. 
     This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This Summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Illustrative embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, which are incorporated by reference herein and wherein: 
         FIG. 1  depicts an exemplary anatomical structure of a hand for implementing embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 2  depicts an exemplary energy absorbing material portion functional to be affixed to a palmar portion of a glove in accordance with embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 3  depicts another exemplary palmar portion in accordance with embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 4  depicts a substrate having discrete energy absorbing pads affixed thereto in accordance with embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 5  depicts a section view of a layering of materials in accordance with embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 6  depicts another section view of a layering of materials in accordance with embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 7  depicts a third section view of a layering of materials in accordance with embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 8  depicts a fourth section view of a layering of materials in accordance with embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 9  depicts a dorsal view of a glove in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; and 
         FIG. 10  depicts a palmar view of a glove in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The subject matter of embodiments of the present invention is described with specificity herein to meet statutory requirements. However, the description itself is not intended to limit the scope of this patent. Rather, the inventors have contemplated that the claimed subject matter might also be embodied in other ways, to include different members, portions, and/or elements similar to the ones described in this document, in conjunction with other present or future technologies. 
     Embodiments of the present invention relate to a glove. A first embodiment of the glove incorporates a substrate having an exterior surface and a complementary interior surface. The substrate is used in constructing a palmar portion of the glove. The glove also incorporates a first layer of material affixed to the exterior surface of the substrate. Further, the glove incorporates a second layer of material affixed to the interior surface of the substrate. Additionally, one of the first layer or the second layer of material has both a first thickness in a first location and a second thickness in a second location along a surface of the substrate. 
     In another aspect, the present invention provides a glove comprised of a substrate, the substrate effective for covering a palm region of a wearer of the glove. The glove also incorporates a gripping layer affixed to a first surface of the substrate, the gripping layer having a coefficient of friction greater than the substrate. Additionally, the glove incorporates an energy absorbing layer affixed to a second surface of the substrate, the energy absorbing layer located on the second surface of the substrate in at least two locations such that a thickness of the energy absorbing layer is greater at each of the two location than an immediately surrounding area of each of the two locations. A first location of the energy absorbing layer is effective for covering a metacarpophalangeal joint of the wearer and a second location of the energy absorbing layer is effective for covering a proximal interphalangeal joint of the wearer. 
     A third aspect of the present invention provides an athletic catching glove. The glove incorporates a substrate having an exterior surface and a complementary interior surface. The substrate is used in constructing a palmar portion of the glove. The glove also incorporates a first silicone layer affixed to the exterior surface of the substrate. Further, the glove incorporates a second silicone gel layer of material affixed to the interior surface of the substrate at a first location effective for covering a metacarpophalangeal joint of a wearer of the glove and a second location effective for covering a proximal interphalangeal joint of the wearer. The second silicone gel layer has a first thickness in the first location and a second thickness in a different location on the interior surface of the substrate. The first silicone layer has a static coefficient of friction greater than the second silicone gel layer of material. 
     Having briefly described an overview of embodiments of the present invention, an exemplary operating environment suitable for implementing embodiments hereof is described below. 
     Referring to the drawings in general, and initially to  FIG. 1  in particular, an exemplary anatomical structure of a hand  100  is illustrated that may be used in accordance with embodiment of the present invention. In an exemplary embodiment, a wearer of a glove wears the glove over and around a hand having similar anatomical components as depicted as part of the hand  100 . 
     The hand  100  includes four fingers and a thumb  102 . The four fingers, starting closest to the thumb  102  include an index finger  104 , a second finger  106 , a third finger  108 , and a fourth finger  110 . The index finger  104  is also referred to herein as a digitus secundus manus. The second finger  106  is also referred to herein as the digitus medius. The third finger  108  is also referred to as digitus annularis. Additionally, the fourth finger  110  is also referred to herein as digitus minimus manus. 
     Each of the fingers  104 - 110  include a distal phalanx  112 , a middle phalanx  114 , a proximal phalanx  116 , and a metacarpal bone  118 . The middle phalanx  114  is also commonly referred to as an intermediate phalanx as a result of its location between the distal phalanx  112  and the proximal phalanx  116 . 
     The thumb  102  includes a similar set of bones as the fingers  104 - 110 ; however, a middle phalanx  114  is not included. Consequently, the thumb  102  includes the distal phalanx  112 , the proximal phalanx  116 , and the metacarpal bone  118 . 
     At an intersection or joining of bones within the fingers  104 - 110  and the thumb  102 , a joint is defined. For example, a distal interphalangeal joint  124  is defined as the intersection of the distal phalanx  112  and the middle phalanx  114 . A proximal interphalangeal joint  122  is defined at the intersection of the middle phalanx  114  and the proximal phalanx  116 . Additionally, a metacarpophalangeal joint  120  is defined at the intersection of the proximal phalanx  116  and the metacarpal bones  118 . 
     A palmar side of the hand  100  is a side that includes the palm and is in a direction that the fingers  104 - 110  typically curl to create a fist or grasp an object. Therefore, when discussed herein, a palmar surface of the hand  100  or of a glove that may be worn on the hand  100  is in the direction to which the fingers  104 - 110  are able to curl to create a fist of the hand  100 . 
     A typical hand, such as the hand  100 , has natural energy absorbing portions, sometimes referred to as “fat pads” along certain portions of the hand. These fat pads may be comprised of natural tissue (e.g., tendons, muscle, and ligament), fluids, and fat. The fat pads may be located along each of the phalanx bones (i.e., distal phalanx  112 , middle phalanx  114 , and proximal phalanx  116 ) and metacarpal bones  118  of the hand  100 . However, the energy absorbing ability of the natural fat pads may diminish near joints of the fingers  104 - 110  and the thumb  102  as a result of a hand&#39;s traditional reduction of tissue and other biological matter near a joint to facilitate movement about the joint. For example, natural fat pads generally reduce in size on the palmar side of a hand around the metacarpophalangeal joint  120 , the proximal interphalangeal joint  122 , and the distal interphalangeal joint  124  to allow flexibility about each of the joints in the palmar direction. 
     Consequently, an embodiment of the present invention supplements the natural energy absorption provided by fat pads through use of one or more energy absorbing materials placed on a palmar portion of a glove (e.g., interior side or exterior side of the palmar portion of a glove). For example, energy absorbing material, such as a silicone gel or a foam, is discontinuously located along each of the fingers  104 - 110  and the thumb  102  at a location for covering at least some of the joints where natural fat pads are diminished in effectiveness for absorbing energy of an incoming object (e.g., football, soccer ball). The energy absorbing characteristics of the material is adjustable, in an exemplary embodiment, based on a thickness of the material present at a particular location. Consequently, when supplementing natural fat pads of a hand, the thickness of the energy absorbing material may be reduced in locations of a glove that typically cover natural fat pads of a hand. Additionally, the thickness of the energy absorbing material, in an embodiment, is increased in locations of the glove that typically cover areas of a hand have less energy absorptions properties from the natural fat pads (e.g., joints). Further the thickness of the energy absorbing material may also be increased in locations of the glove where additional energy absorption is necessary in addition to the natural fat pads of a hand. 
     An additional factor considered in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention when selecting location, size, and/or thickness of energy absorption materials affixed to a palmar portion of a glove includes tactile feedback. By the very nature of energy absorbing materials, a portion of the energy typically translated into a tactile sensation is absorbed. Consequently, athletes using gloves in training and in competition expect or need tactile feedback in order to perform. As a result, energy absorbing material may, in an exemplary embodiment, be limited in location, size, and/or thickness to maintain the ability of an athlete to “feel” an incoming object so as to properly react. 
     For example, an American football receiver relies on tactile sensations generated by a football as it enters the hands of the receiver. The receiver then adjusts the hand and fingers of the hand to secure the football. In order to effectively adjust the hand, a receiver “feels” the ball and manipulates finger and hand position to accommodate the direction and orientation of the ball. Therefore, in an exemplary embodiment, it is desirable for the energy absorbing material to be located and sized appropriately to absorb energy of an incoming object while still allowing the athlete to “feel” the incoming object. 
     As will be discussed in more detail hereinafter, an exemplary embodiment of the present invention accomplishes absorbing energy from an initial impact of a sporting object while maintaining an athlete&#39;s feel of the object by increasing the thickness of energy absorbing material near joints of the hand and reducing the thickness of the energy absorbing material proximate to natural fat pads, which naturally are adapted and capable to “feel” the object. Therefore, in an exemplary embodiment, the energy absorbing material affixed to a glove is not continuous at a common thickness across a palmar portion of the glove. Instead, the thickness, in an exemplary embodiment, is varied at particular locations to enhance energy absorption while maintaining tactile sensation for a wearer of the glove. 
       FIG. 2  depicts an exemplary energy absorbing material portion  200  adapted to be affixed to a palmar portion of a glove in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. In this exemplary embodiment, the portion  200  has at least two primary thicknesses, a base material thickness  202  and a second thickness  204 .  FIG. 2  includes an illustration of a wearer&#39;s hand  206  positioned relative to the portion  200 . It is understood that the hand  206  is illustrated to provide contextual location bearings for an embodiment of the present invention. The hand  206 , or any other illustrated hand herein, should not be construed as limiting as to the scope of the present invention unless explicitly stated as such. 
     The portion  200 , in an exemplary embodiment, is a silicone gel that is cured to a substrate. The substrate may be a material that is then affixed to a portion of a glove. Or, the substrate may be a portion of the glove. In another exemplary embodiment, energy absorbing materials include ethylene vinyl acetate (“EVA”), polyurethane, silicone, and neoprene. It is contemplated that other energy absorbing materials may also be utilized and those delineated by name herein are merely exemplary in nature. 
     The second thickness  204  area of the portion  200  may be any thickness. In an exemplary embodiment, the second thickness  204  is about two millimeters thicker than the base material thickness  202 . In an additional exemplary embodiment, the second thickness  204  is about one millimeter thicker than the base material thickness  202 . The base material thickness  202  may be any thickness. In an exemplary embodiment, the base material thickness  202  is about 0.125 millimeters to about one millimeter. But, in an additional exemplary embodiment, the base material thickness  202  of the energy absorbing material ranges from one millimeter to several millimeters. Further, it is contemplated that a transition from the base material thickness  202  to the second thickness  204  areas of the energy absorbing material portion  200  exists. The transition from the second thickness  204  to the base material thickness  202  may be a rounding off of an edge, a gradual sloping, or other transitory geometrics to facilitate a functional transition from a first thickness to a second thickness. 
       FIG. 3  illustrates another exemplary palmar portion  300  in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. The palmar portion includes a substrate  302  portion. A substrate, as previously discussed, is a material to which an energy absorbing material is affixed. For example, energy absorbing material may be a foam material cut to discrete sizes that is not a continuous thickness across a substrate. Upon affixing the foam to a substrate, the foam is maintained at particular location within the glove. In an additional exemplary embodiment, the energy absorbing material is a gel substance, such as a silicone gel. The gel substance may have an initial state that is fluid in characteristic. In this example, the gel substance may be cured, from a fluid to a semi-solid/solid substance, on a substrate. In an exemplary embodiment, a substrate is a malleable and fibrous textile or cloth that has limited elasticity in order to maintain an energy absorbing material at a particular location within the glove. In another exemplary embodiment, the substrate is a material having desirable properties for affixing a silicone thereto. Further, a substrate is also contemplated as additional substances and materials, such as the energy absorbing material itself or an inherent portion of the energy absorbing material. 
     The palmar portion  300  includes the substrate  302 , which extends past in some areas and covers only a portion of an exemplary hand  330  in other areas. As will be discussed in more detail below when describing exemplary locations for energy absorbing material of extra thickness, the energy absorbing material may only cover a portion of the palmar side of some fingers while wrapping around a lateral side of other fingers or a thumb. Therefore, while the substrate  302  has a base material thickness that is graphically depicted as extending beyond portions of the hand  330 , it is understood that when utilized in a glove, the substrate  302  may wrap around portions of the hand  330  when incorporated into the glove. Therefore, in addition to palmar portions of the hand  330  having the substrate  302 , lateral portions of the hand  330  may as well. 
     The substrate  302 , in this exemplary embodiment, is a substrate covered with a gel substance having at least a base material thickness. The gel substance, at particular locations on the substrate  302 , has a greater thickness than the base material thickness. For example, a first thickness is located at a pad  304 ,  306 ,  308 ,  310 , and  312 . In this example, the pads  304 - 312  are of an approximate similar thickness. For example, the pads  304 - 312  may be about one millimeter thicker than the base material. Similarly, pads  314 ,  316 ,  318 ,  320 ,  322 ,  324 ,  326 , and  328  have an approximately similar thickness illustrated as a second thickness. In an exemplary embodiment, the second thickness is about one millimeter greater than the first thickness, or about two millimeters greater than the base material thickness. 
     Metacarpophalangeal (MP) joints, as previously discussed, are defined as the intersection of a proximal phalanx and a metacarpal bone within a hand. An MP joint, stated differently, may be identified on a hand at the apparent intersection of a finger with a palm. Pads  304 - 301  are positioned on the substrate  302  so as to provide energy absorption at an MP joint of the hand  330 . As previously discussed, natural energy absorption characteristics of a hand may have a reduced affect at a joint compared to areas between joints. This may be a result of smaller volume of the natural fat pads of a hand proximate to a joint. Therefore, to supplement the reduced area of natural energy absorption material, a pad, such as the pads  304 - 310 , may be positioned in such a manner as to effectively cover the MP joints when wearing a glove. 
     Because the anatomical shape of a hand may change with each finger, each of the pads  304 - 310  may be of different dimensions even though each of the pads  304 - 310  is positioned to provide supplementary energy absorption at an MP joint. Further, the shape of each of the pads  304 - 310  may be altered to maintain a desired level of flexibility of a wearer of the glove. 
     Pad  312  is positioned on the substrate  302  to effectively cover a joint of a thumb defined by the intersection of a distal phalanx and a proximal phalanx of the thumb. As clearly illustrated in  FIG. 3 , the shape of the pad  312  is effective for covering a range of motion possible of an opposable thumb when catching a sporting object. The pad  312 , in an exemplary embodiment, is the first thickness of energy absorbing material. 
     Pads  316 - 320  are positioned on the substrate  302  to effectively cover a proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint of the hand  330 . As similarly stated before, the pads  314 - 320  may also have various sizes and shapes to achieve a desired level of mobility and functionality at each of the PIP joints. The pads  314 - 320 , in this exemplary embodiment, are of a second thickness. 
     Pads  322  and  324  are positioned on the substrate  302  to effectively cover a distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint of the hand  330 . As similarly stated before, the pads  322  and  324  may also have various sizes and shapes to achieve a desired level of mobility and functionality at each of the DIP joints. The pads  322  and  324 , in this exemplary embodiment, are of a second thickness. 
     Pads  326  and  328  are positioned on the substrate  302  at a location effective for supplementing energy absorption along a metacarpal bone of the hand  330 . In an exemplary embodiment, the pad  326  is located on the substrate  302  such that when implemented in a glove, the pad  326  is positioned so as to aid in energy absorption along a metacarpal bone of a fourth finger. Similarly, in an exemplary embodiment, the pad  328  is positioned on the substrate  302  so as to effectively supplement energy absorption along a metacarpal bone of a thumb. 
     While  FIG. 3  illustrates pads  322  and  324  as effective for covering a DIP joint at a first finger and a second finger, it is understood that an additional pad is contemplated, in an additional exemplary embodiment, as covering a DIP joint for a third finger and/or a pad for covering a DIP joint of a fourth finger. Further, it is contemplated that one or more of the pads  304 - 328  may be omitted while still maintaining the scope of the present invention. 
     While the substrate  302  includes a base material thickness of energy-absorbing material across an area of the substrate  302 , a thickness of the energy absorbing material increases at each pad location. Consequently, the thickness of the energy absorbing material is greater at each of the pads than the immediate surrounding area of each of the pads. This variation in thickness of the energy absorbing material is described as a discontinuous thickness of energy absorbing material. In an additional embodiment that will be discussed in greater detail with respect to  FIG. 4 , a discontinuous thickness of energy absorbing material also occurs when each of the pads is a discrete portion of energy absorbing mater, such as individual foam pads. Because the energy absorbing materials discussed in this example are individual pads, a base thickness may not be present between the individual pads. Instead, another material, such as the substrate, may be present in the area separating the energy absorbing material. Regardless, in this example, there is a discontinuous thickness of energy absorbing material as will be shown and discussed in greater detail in  FIGS. 6-8 . 
     Returning to  FIG. 3 , a width of the substrate  302  proximate to various fingers is demonstrated by widths  332 - 338 . For example, the width  332  identifies a dimensional width that is perpendicular to a proximal-distal axis of a first finger portion of the substrate  302 . Similarly, the width  334  identifies a dimensional width that is perpendicular to a proximal-distal axis of a second finger portion of the substrate  302 . Similarly, the width  336  identifies a dimensional width that is perpendicular to a proximal-distal axis of a third finger portion of the substrate  302 . Similarly, the width  338  identifies a dimensional width that is perpendicular to a proximal-distal axis of a fourth finger portion of the substrate  302 . 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the width  332  is greater than the widths  334 - 338 . The greater width  332  facilitates “wrapping” or extending energy absorbing material along a lateral side of the first finger. In another exemplary embodiment, the substrate  302  includes a gripping material on a first side and an energy absorbing material on a complementary parallel side. In an effort to increase the surface area or contact area for the gripping material to make contact with a sporting object on an exterior side of the substrate  302 , the substrate  302  is wrapped along a thumb-side-lateral portion of a first finger. Because a sporting object may make contact with this thumb-side-lateral portion of a first finger, supplemental energy absorption is desired in an exemplary embodiment. Consequently, wrapping a substrate having a gripping material on an exterior surface and an energy absorbing material on a second surface around one or more finger portions of a glove facilitates a wearer of the glove in effectively catching and maintain a sporting object. It is contemplate that similar wrapping techniques are employed about a thumb portion of a glove in an exemplary embodiment. 
     Turning to  FIG. 4  that depicts a substrate  402  having discrete energy absorbing pads affixed thereto in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. Discrete energy absorbing pads are constructed from an energy absorbing material, such as those previously discussed. In an exemplary embodiment, the energy absorbing pads are individual units of foam material affixed to the substrate  402 . 
     Unlike  FIG. 3 , which depicts a base layer of energy absorbing material dispersed between each of the individual pads,  FIG. 4  has discrete energy absorbing pads affixed directly to the substrate. A first group of pads  406  are of a first thickness. A second group of pads  404  are of a second thickness. For example, the pads  406  may be formed from a common sheet of material. The pads  404  may be formed from a similar sheet of material that varies only in thickness (i.e., thicker or thinner). In an additional exemplary embodiment, one or more different materials may be used for individual pads or sets of pads. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the substrate  402  has portions, such as a first finger portion and a thumb portion that, when formed with a glove, wrap around a part of a corresponding finger or thumb of a wearer. However, unlike  FIG. 3  that depicts a base layer of energy absorbing material extending beyond the individual pads, the substrate  402 , in this embodiment, does not include a base layer of energy absorbing material beyond the pads  404  and  406 . However, the wrapping effect of the substrate  402  is desirable, in an embodiment, to facilitate extending a gripping material, adhered to the substrate surface, along a lateral surface of a finger or thumb portion of the glove. 
     Turning to  FIG. 5  that depicts a layering of materials  500  in accordance with embodiment of the present invention. The layering of material  500  includes a substrate  502 , an exterior material layer  504 , and an interior material layer  506 . 
     The substrate  502 , as discussed previously, may include any material functional for having one or more layers affixed thereto. For example, a flexible material suitable for use in a palmar region of an athletic glove is an exemplary substrate  502 . 
     The exterior material layer  504  is a material affixed to the substrate  502  on an exterior surface of the substrate  502 . Traditionally, an exterior surface of the substrate  502  is a surface facing an exterior portion of a glove. This is in contrast to an interior surface of the substrate  502 , which is a surface typically facing the interior or hand-receiving cavity of a glove. In an additional exemplary embodiment, the substrate  502 , while not illustrated in  FIG. 5  as such, is a plurality of material layer affixed to one another. For example, a first substrate layer may have an exterior gripping material affixed thereto and a second substrate layer may have an energy absorbing material affixed thereto. Therefore, the substrate  502 , in this example, is the combination of the first and the second substrate layers discussed above. 
     The exterior material layer  504 , in an exemplary embodiment, is a silicone material having a coefficient of friction greater than the underling substrate  502 , but equal to or less than a coefficient of friction threshold limit established by a governing body. For example, the National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment requires a static coefficient of friction that is 2.0 or less when tested according to their outlined test procedures. Consequently, in this example, the exterior material layer has a coefficient of friction that is 2.0 or less. In an exemplary embodiment, a static coefficient of friction is measured relative to a pattern #62 glass that is at least 50% wider than the test material sample (e.g., exterior layer material). In this example, the material sample is pulled across a pebbled surface of the pattern #62 glass at a rate of 50±2 millimeters/minute with approximately 210 grams of weight bearing down on the material sample. It is understood that additional testing procedures, deviations, variable, and constants may be used when measuring a static coefficient of friction. 
     The exterior material layer  504 , in an exemplary embodiment, is a layer of silicone material that is applied to the substrate  502  in a liquid/semi-liquid form. After curing, by time, heat, chemical reaction, or the like, the silicone cures as a flexible material affixed to the underlying substrate  502 . Additional methods of affixing the exterior material layer  504  to the substrate  502  include adhesives, bonding agents, mechanical fasteners, stitching, and the like. Consequently, the exterior material layer  504  may be affixed to the substrate  502  in either a permanent, semi-permanent, or temporary manner. 
     In additional exemplary embodiments, the exterior material layer  504 , which is an exterior gripping material, may be any material having a greater coefficient of friction than an underlying substrate. For example, the exterior material is contemplated as at least one, or a combination of, silicone, polyurethane, thermoplastics polyurethanes (TPU), rubber (synthetic and/or natural) leather, goat skin, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), acrylic, thermo plastic elastomers (TPE), and/or the like. Therefore, in an exemplary embodiment, a combination of one or more materials is utilized to form the exterior material layer. For example, portions of the exterior material layer may be comprised of a silicone and a goat skin to provide desired characteristics at particular locations of a glove. It is contemplated that any combination of listed or similar material may be utilized to form at least a portion of the exterior material layer. 
     The interior material layer  506  is a layer of material affixed to an interior surface of the substrate  502 . In an exemplary embodiment, the interior material layer  506  is a layer of silicone gel material that is effective for absorbing kinetic energy of an object impacting the material. In an additional and/or complimentary embodiment, the interior material layer  506  is a foam material that is also effective for absorbing kinetic energy of an impacting object with the material. 
     While not illustrated herein, it is understood that additional material layers may be implemented with embodiments of the present invention. For example, a lining material may be affixed, partially or completely, to a surface of the interior material layer  506 . In this example, to facilitate easier application or removal of a glove, a lining material may be employed to ease the movement of the glove over and about a wearer&#39;s hand. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the exterior material layer  504  is a silicone material and the interior material layer  506  is also a silicone material, but a different silicone material. In this example, the exterior material layer  504  is selected because of grippiness or tackiness characteristics of the material to aid in the catching and maintaining of a sporting object (e.g., ball). Consequently, a higher coefficient of friction between the material and the object to be received is desired. Alternatively, the interior material layer  506  is a layer of silicone gel material selected for its energy absorption characteristics. Therefore, a lower coefficient of friction for the interior material layer  506  than the exterior material layer  504  is desired. Stated differently, the exterior material layer  504 , in an exemplary embodiment, has a greater coefficient of friction than the interior material layer  506 . In an embodiment, the lower coefficient of friction for the interior material layer  506  is selected as a characteristic to facilitate applying and/or removing a glove from a hand. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the interior material layer  506  is a foam or gel material effective for absorbing a compressive energy. For example, firmness levels at varied compressive deflective forces may be measured for a particular energy absorbing material to ensure a proper a desired amount of energy absorption is available from the material. Energy absorbing material may be measured as a factor of toughness, compression, shock mitigating properties, or the like. Further, an acceptable energy absorbing material me exhibit a positive relationship on a stress and strain curve. For example, foam based energy absorbing material traditionally has a great energy absorbing characteristic as density of the foam increases. However, as a result of the previously discussed desire for tactile feedback, a balancing of properties at various location of an athlete&#39;s hand may occur. Consequently, energy absorption characteristics may be quantified using several measures depending on the material, but regardless of the material, energy absorbing characteristics are balanced with usability and practicability characteristics. 
     Turning to  FIG. 6  that depicts a layering of materials  600  in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.  FIG. 6  is a section view (not to scale) along a proximal-distal axis of a second finger portion of a palmar section illustrated in  FIG. 3 . The layering of material  600  includes a substrate  602 , a first layer  604 , and a second layer  606 . 
     The first layer  604  is an exemplary layer of gel-like material forming an energy absorbing layer, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. The first layer has a discontinuous or non-uniform thickness of energy absorbing material. As illustrated, the first layer  604  includes a plurality of thicknesses such as a base  608  thickness, a first thickness  610 , and a second thickness  612 . Because an area of first thickness  610  or second thickness  612  is separated from another area of first thickness  610  or an area of second thickness  612 , there is a discontinuous thickness of the material. Stated differently, each area of first thickness  610  or second thickness  612  is greater than the immediate surrounding area thickness (i.e., base  608 ). The immediate surrounding area may be defined to extend less than a millimeter to several millimeters from the pad. For example, an immediate surrounding area may range from one to five millimeters. 
     The base  608  may have a thickness ranging from a few tenths of a millimeter to a couple millimeters. In an exemplary embodiment, the base  608  is 0.1275 to 0.75 millimeters thick. In an exemplary embodiment, the first thickness  610  is a thickness of base  608  plus one millimeter, also referred to herein as one millimeter thick as it is relative to a constant plane defined by a base layer. In an exemplary embodiment, the second thickness  612  has a thickness of base plus two millimeters, also referred to herein as two millimeter thick for the reasons discussed above. In an exemplary embodiment, the greater a thickness of energy absorbing material, the greater the capacity of the energy absorbing material to absorb impact energy. Consequently, in an exemplary embodiment, the absorption of impact energy provides an athlete more time to react to an object in order to maintain control and even catch the object. 
     As illustrated by the section view provided by  FIG. 6 , a rounding or graduation from a first thickness  610  or a second thickness  612  to a base  608  may be employed for manufacturing purposes and/or wearer comfort. 
     Turning to  FIG. 7  that depicts another material layer  700  in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.  FIG. 7  is a section view (not to scale) along a proximal-distal axis of a second finger portion of a palmar section illustrated in  FIG. 4 . The material layer  700  includes a substrate  702 , a first layer  704 , and a second layer  706 . Additionally, a second thickness  708  and a second thickness  710  are illustrated. 
     In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first layer  704  is a foam material. The first layer  704  is the first thickness  708  at one or more locations along the substrate  702 . The first layer  704  is the second thickness  710  at one or more locations on the substrate  702 . The first layer  704  is another example of a layer having a discontinuous thickness. For example, areas immediately surrounding the first layer  704  having the second thickness  710  have a smaller (i.e., no measurable thickness of the first later  704 ) thickness than the second thickness  710 . 
     While portions of the first layer  704  are illustrated as having right angles when transitioning from a first thickness  708  or a second thickness  710 , it is contemplated (not shown) that a gradual transition or rounding effect is implemented for at least those reasons previously discussed. 
       FIG. 8  depicts another material layer  800  (not to scale) in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.  FIG. 8  is a section view (not to scale) along a proximal-distal axis of a second finger portion of a palmar of an exemplary glove. The material layer  800  includes a substrate  802 , a first layer  804 , and a second layer  806 . The first layer  804  is comprised of both a gel  818  material and a foam  820  material. 
     Each of the pads  808 ,  810 , and  812  provide energy absorption supplementation to the natural fat pads or materials of a wearer&#39;s hand. A hybrid first layer  804  that includes both gel  818  and foam  820 , in an exemplary embodiment, provides advantages for comfort, manufacturing, and energy absorption. For example, a foam  820  cradle may be affixed to the substrate  802  for receiving, placing, and maintaining a gel  818  insert. As a result, a less expensive foam material, in an exemplary embodiment, is utilized to provide a level of energy absorption, which is then further supplemented at specific location with a more costly gel  818  insert. In this example, a base layer of gel is not used to maintain relative spacing of gel pads. The gel  818  may be a silicone gel previously discussed. 
     In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the foam  820  is affixed to the substrate  802  and the gel  818  is then affixed to the foam  820 , as illustrated in  FIG. 8 . In an additional embodiment, the foam  820  is affixed to the substrate  802  and the gel  818  is also affixed to the substrate  802  (not shown) as a result of a void/hole in the foam  820  that allows the gel  818  to contact the substrate  802 . 
     The first layer  804  is a first thickness  814  in one or more locations and the first layer  804  is a second thickness  816  in one or more locations. For example, the pad  808  is the first thickness  814  and the pads  810  and  812  are the second thickness  816  in this example. As previously discussed, thickness of a pad may be adjusted to achieve a desired level of energy absorption and/or flexibility. Thickness of a pad may be altered by changing an amount of foam  820 , gel  818 , or a combination of the two that comprise the pad. 
     Turning to  FIG. 9  that depicts a dorsal view of a glove  900  in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The glove  900  is constructed of a number of elements, including a substrate  902  wrapping around a first finger portion of the glove  900 . In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the substrate  902  portion has affixed thereto a gripping material, such as a silicone material cured to the substrate for increasing a coefficient of friction relative to the substrate material. An additional portion  904  of the substrate is illustrated as wrapping around a thumb portion of the glove  900 . In both the substrate  902  and the portion  904  examples, the substrate material extends beyond the palmar portion to include, at least partially, a lateral portion of a finger and/or a thumb section. 
     Turning to  FIG. 10  that depicts a palmar view of the glove  900  in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The palmar portion of the glove  900  includes a substrate  1002 . The substrate  1002 , in an exemplary embodiment has a gripping material adhered to an exterior portion, the gripping material has a greater coefficient of friction than the underlying substrate to which the gripping material may be affixed. Therefore, in an exemplary embodiment, a substrate having a gripping material affixed to an exterior surface is located on at least a palmar portion of the glove  900  as well as other location of the glove  900  to which an object (e.g., ball) may make contact when the glove  900  is worn. 
     Many different arrangements of the various materials, layers, and/or pads depicted, as well as items not shown, are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Embodiments of the present invention have been described with the intent to be illustrative rather than restrictive. Alternative embodiments will become apparent to those skilled in the art that do not depart from its scope. A skilled artisan may develop alternative means of implementing the aforementioned improvements without departing from the scope of the present invention. 
     It will be understood that certain features are of utility and may be employed without reference to other features and are contemplated within the scope of the claims.