Patent Publication Number: US-9898890-B2

Title: Methods and systems for determining a batch run of sessions

Description:
PRIORITY CLAIM 
     This application is a continuation of, claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/392,444, filed on Mar. 29, 2006, which claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/666,393, filed on Mar. 29, 2005, and which claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/667,979, filed on Mar. 29, 2005, and which claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/666,467, filed on Mar. 29, 2005, and which claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/685,604, filed on May 27, 2005 and which is a continuation-in-part of, claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/333,683, filed on Jan. 17, 2006, which is a continuation-in-part of, claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/885,570, filed on Jul. 6, 2004, the entire contents of which are each incorporated by reference herein. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 
     Various embodiments of the present invention are described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numerals indicate identical or functionally similar elements. The leftmost digit(s) of a reference numeral typically identifies the figure in which the reference numeral first appears. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the drawings and accompanying descriptions presented herein indicate some exemplary arrangements for stored representations of information. A number of other arrangements may be employed besides the tables shown. Similarly, the illustrated entries represent exemplary information, but those skilled in the art will understand that the number and content of the entries can be different from those illustrated herein. A brief description of the drawings follows. 
       FIG. 1  is a flowchart of an example process according to some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 2  is a block diagram of an example “life cycle” of a DVD according to some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 3  is a block diagram of an example system in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 4  is a block diagram of an example casino server (CS) in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 5  is a block diagram of an example assembly system (AS) in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 6  is a block diagram of an example gaming device (GD) in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 7  is a table illustrating an example record of an example session database in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 8  is a table illustrating an example GD database in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 9  is a table illustrating an example active sessions database in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 10  is a table illustrating an example available DVDs database in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 11A  is a table illustrating an example record of an example media files database in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 11B  is a table illustrating an example record of another example media files database in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 12  is a table illustrating an example record of an example session media files database in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 13A-13C  are a table illustrating an example embodiment of a DVD production queue database in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 14  is an example record of an example outcome sets database in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 15  is an example of a probability database in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 16  is an example of a payout database in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 17A  is an table illustrating an example embodiment of a batch run database in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 17B  is a table illustrating an example embodiment of a batch run database in accordance with another embodiment described herein. 
       FIG. 18  is a table illustrating an example embodiment of a record of a historic game play results database. 
       FIG. 19  is a flowchart of an example process for determining a set of outcomes and/or payouts to be represented in a video presentation, in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 20  is a flowchart of an example process for determining a set of media files for a DVD, in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 21  is a flowchart of an example process for making a DVD available for purchase, in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 22  is a flowchart of an example process for determining processing an order for a DVD, in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIGS. 23A and 23B  are a flowchart of an example process for creating a DVD, in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 24  is a flowchart of an example process for storing an indication of a sale of a DVD, in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 25  is a flowchart of an example process for providing a payment corresponding to a DVD redemption value, in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 26  is a flowchart of an example process for facilitating a batch run of sessions in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 27  includes several examples of a ticket that may be output in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 28  is an example screen of information that may be output in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 29  is an example record of a database that may store an indication of payouts determined during a session that may be output in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
       FIG. 30  is an example of a receipt that may be output upon a purchase of a DVD, in accordance with some embodiments described herein. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     Introduction to Some Embodiments 
     In accordance with one or more embodiments, a method provides for determining a plurality of outcomes of a wagering game and storing an indication of the plurality of outcomes. The method further provides for selling, after the last of the plurality of outcomes has been generated, the plurality of outcomes to the player in exchange for a price or other value. The plurality of outcomes may be provided to the player, for example, by being recorded on a tangible medium (e.g., a DVD), the tangible medium being provided to the player. In another embodiment, the plurality of outcomes may be provided to the player by being stored on a server device and providing the player access to the server device (e.g., such that the player may access the outcomes via the Internet). 
     In accordance with one or more embodiments, a method provides for generating outcomes for a plurality of sessions by receiving an indication of a respective value for each parameter of a plurality of parameters and executing a plurality of sessions in accordance with the parameters and respective values thereof, thereby executing a batch run of sessions. Executing a session comprises generating a plurality of outcomes of a wagering game until an ending condition for the session is satisfied. 
     In accordance with one or more embodiments, a method provides for facilitating the creation of a game disc by determining data descriptive of a session of a batch run, the batch run comprising a plurality of sessions that are characterized by at least one common parameter and respective value thereof, each session comprising a plurality of outcomes of a wagering game; determining, based on the data, a plurality of representative outcomes to include in a video presentation; and causing the video presentation to be recorded onto a game disc. 
     An outcome, as the term is used herein unless indicated otherwise, refers to a result of a game play, which may be indicated by a payout (i.e., a prize or benefit to be provided as a result of the game play) and/or one or more indicia representative of the result. For example, an outcome may comprise the set of indicia (or payout corresponding thereto) that may be displayed along a payline of a reeled slot machine. In another example, an outcome may comprise a roulette number that is a result of a roulette spin. In some embodiments, more than one set of indicia may represent the same result or outcome. 
     In one embodiment, an outcome may be represented via indicia of a media file. A media file may comprise graphical and/or audio data. The graphical data may comprise a still or animated image of one or more indicia. In some embodiments, more than one media file may correspond to a particular outcome or result. For example, more than one media file may correspond to an outcome that results in zero credits being added to a credit meter balance. 
     A game, as the term is used herein unless indicated otherwise, comprises a wagering activity conducted in accordance with a particular set of rules via which a prize or benefit may be won in exchange for consideration. 
     A game play, as the term is used herein unless indicated otherwise, refers to a single instance or round of a game. A game play may result in a single outcome (e.g., set of indicia and corresponding payout, if any). 
     A type of game, as the term is used herein unless indicated otherwise, refers to a category of games that share one or more characteristics. 
     In accordance with one or more embodiments, a method provides for causing a plurality of actual outcomes to be generated on a gaming device operable to facilitate a wagering game and determining data indicative of the plurality of actual outcomes. The method further provides for determining, based on the data, a plurality of representations (e.g., images and/or other video and/or audio), each representation representing an outcome to be stored on a tangible medium, each representation thereby comprising a representative outcome. The method further provides for causing the plurality of representative outcomes be stored on a tangible medium and making the tangible medium available for sale. 
     An actual outcome, as the term is used herein unless indicated otherwise, is an outcome directly determined by a GD. For example, an actual outcome may comprise the random number determined by the random number generator of a GD, the particular set of indicia that corresponds to the random number based on the probability table used by the GD and/or the payout that corresponds to the random number. 
     A representative outcome, as the term is used herein unless indicated otherwise, is an indication of an actual outcome, the representation being determined based on the actual outcome and, in some embodiments, by a device other than a GD. For example, an AS may determine, based on a random number determined by a GD, a media file to represent the actual outcome determined by the GD. The media file may comprise a graphical representation of a set of indicia and this set of indicia may be a representative outcome corresponding to the actual outcome determined by the GD. 
     It should be understood that, for a particular set of outcomes, the set of actual outcomes may correspond to the same sum of payouts as does the corresponding set of representative outcomes. 
     In some embodiments, the outcome in a set of actual outcomes that corresponds to a set of representative outcomes may (i) differ in number; (ii) differ in order (i.e., the actual outcomes may have been generated in a first order while the representative outcomes may be presented in a second order); and/or (iii) differ in indicia or form of indicia. 
     A session, as the term is used herein unless indicated otherwise, is a plurality of game plays conducted for the purpose of determining a plurality of outcomes to be sold to a player. For example, a session may refer to a plurality of game plays executed by a GD, based on which plurality of game plays (e.g., representative outcomes and/or actual outcomes) a video representation of outcomes is created and recorded onto a DVD or other tangible medium, or based on which plurality of game plays the video presentation is otherwise made available to a player. A session may be completed over a plurality of distinct time periods (e.g., some of the outcomes comprising the session may be generated at a first date and/or time while more of the outcomes comprising the session may be generated at a second date and/or time). Further, a session may be executed on a plurality of GDs (e.g., simultaneously or in parallel fashion and/or at various times). A session may be deemed to be completed once an end event defining the end of the session has occurred (e.g., a predefined number of outcomes has been generated, outcomes have been generated for a predefined period of time, a credit meter balance as reached a predefined value, etc.). In some embodiments, a session may be deemed to be completed once one of a plurality of possible end events occurs, whichever end event occurs first. 
     It should be noted that although the term DVD is used herein to refer to a tangible medium on which an indication of a plurality of outcomes may be recorded and which tangible medium may be sold to a player, this term is used for purposes of brevity only and should not be taken in a limiting fashion. All references to DVD likewise include any other form of tangible medium that may be appropriate and practicable for recording an indication of outcomes (e.g., a video presentation) for subsequent remote viewing by a player. For example, paper (e.g., a flip-through book), a CD-ROM, a VHS tape, flash memory, a memory stick, a digital video tape, an MP3 file, or any other tangible medium for recording information may be used. Further, practicable variations of such media are contemplated (e.g., DVD-R, CD-R, CD-RW, etc.). It should be understood that the use of the term DVD is a reference to any and all such tangible mediums. 
     In accordance with one or more embodiments, a method provides for receiving, from a player, a request for a payout corresponding to a plurality of outcomes previously sold to the player, wherein the payout is a function of a sum of payouts of the plurality of outcomes, and wherein the plurality of outcomes had been sold to the player as a package without providing to the player an indication of the payout. A payout corresponding to a DVD that is a function of a sum of payouts of the plurality of outcomes or an aggregate of the payouts may be, in some embodiments, the “redemption value” of the DVD or other medium via which session information is remotely viewable. The method further provides for verifying a legitimate purchase of the plurality of outcomes by the player, verifying the payout and providing the payout to the player. In some embodiments, the method may further provide for storing an indication of the payout having been provided to the player and/or verifying that the payout has not previously been provided to the player. 
     The term “redemption value” is used herein to refer to a monetary amount or prize that a player may redeem a purchased DVD for. This term refers, unless indicated otherwise, to a value that is a function of a sum of payouts (which may be a single payout in some instances), the payouts being the payouts corresponding to the outcomes represented on the DVD. The value may be, for example, a function of (i) the starting credit meter balance at the beginning of the session executed to determine the outcomes represented on the DVD, (ii) a sum of wagers posted for the game plays comprising the session; and (iii) the payouts won as a result of game plays comprising the session. For example, assuming a session is executed with a starting balance of $5.00, twenty game plays are executed during the session at a wager of $0.25 per game play, and three of these game plays result in a payout greater than zero (the first payout being $4.00, the second payout being $12.00 and the third payout being $3.00), the ending credit meter balance at the end of the session is $19.00. Thus, in some embodiments the redemption value of the DVD may be the ending credit meter balance, which is $19.00 in the above example. In other words, a player who purchases this DVD for $20.00 may redeem the DVD for $19.00. 
     In accordance with one or more embodiments, a method provides for selling a plurality of outcomes as a package, wherein the plurality of outcomes is based on at least one random number result generated by a gaming device operable to facilitate a wagering game, and wherein the selling occurs after the at least one result has been generated and prior to a payout for any outcome of the plurality of outcomes having been provided to a player. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, provided are apparatus, systems and methods for enabling casino patrons to view gambling results remotely. In one or more embodiments, a player may purchase a session of game plays from a casino. Using a gaming device located within the casino, the session may then be executed on the player&#39;s behalf according to parameters of the session (e.g., number of game plays, wager per game play, payout combinations active, game, gaming device or type of gaming device, etc.). For example, a slot machine may be configured to rapidly generate a plurality of outcomes on the player&#39;s behalf. In some embodiments, files representing the generated outcomes may then be stored on media (e.g., a CD-ROM or DVD). The player may then remotely view the previously generated outcomes at a later time (e.g., using one or more devices such as home computers, televisions, DVD players, PDAs, cellular phones, and so on), so as to experience wins and losses associated with the session. 
     Some embodiments will now be described with reference to  FIGS. 1-29 . 
     Referring now to  FIG. 1 , illustrated therein is a flowchart of an example process  100  that may be performed in accordance with one or more embodiments. It should be noted that, as is true for all processes described herein, process  100  may, in some embodiments, be performed by a variety of devices and/or persons. For example, one or more of the steps described may be performed by a GD (described in detail with reference to  FIG. 6 ), one or more of the steps may be performed by a CS (described in detail with reference to  FIG. 4 ), one or more of the steps may be performed by a AS (described in detail with reference to  FIG. 5 ), one or more steps may be performed by another device (e.g., CPD, POS, or another device) and/or one or more of the steps may be performed by a person (e.g., a casino attendant or player). Further, the steps may be performed in an order different from that described. Further still, additional or different steps may be included and some steps may be omitted or modified, as appropriate and/or practicable. 
     In step  105 , a plurality of outcomes of a slot machine game is determined. Determining the plurality of outcomes may comprise, for example, determining a plurality of actual outcomes. For example, if step  105  is being performed by a GD, determining a plurality of outcomes may comprise generating a plurality of random numbers, each random number comprising an outcome. If step  105  is being performed by another device (e.g., CS  305  or AS  310 , both described below with respect to  FIG. 3 ), step  105  may comprise determining an indication of a plurality of actual outcomes generated by a GD. For example, such an indication may be received via an electronic transmission from a device (e.g., a GD may transmit such an indication to a CS and/or AS via a network connection). In another example, such an indication may be received via a printed document (e.g., a session results ticket, described below (particularly with reference to  FIG. 27 )) may include a bar code or other encoded information readable by a CS and/or AS, for determining the indication. 
     An indication of the plurality of outcome may comprise, for example, one or more of the following information:
         (i) a sum of payouts won as a result of the plurality of outcomes;   (ii) an ending credit meter balance at the end of a session comprising the plurality of outcomes;   (iii) a set of indicia representative of one of the plurality of outcomes (e.g., a result of a roulette spin, a plurality of symbols representing a hand of video poker, a plurality of symbols that may be displayed along a payline of a reeled slot machine, etc.);   (iv) a game for which the plurality of outcomes was determined;   (v) a sum of wagers posted for the plurality of outcomes;   (vi) a price of the session;   (vii) a beginning credit meter balance at the beginning of a session comprising the plurality of outcomes;   (viii) a player associated with the plurality of outcomes (e.g., in embodiments in which a player requests a session prior to it being executed);   (ix) a casino attendant associated with the plurality of outcomes (e.g., the casino attendant who authorized, supervised and/or executed the session comprising the plurality of outcomes);   (x) a unique identifier of a session comprising the plurality of outcomes (e.g., such that information regarding the plurality of outcomes may be determined by accessing an appropriate database based on the unique identifier);   (xi) a unique identifier corresponding to an outcome of the plurality of outcomes;   (xii) an identifier of a media file corresponding to an outcome of the plurality of outcomes;   (xiii) a time and/or date at which an outcome of the plurality of outcomes was generated;   (xiv) a gaming device on which the plurality of outcomes was generated;   (xv) a type of gaming device on which the plurality of outcomes was generated;   (xvi) an activation ID used to determine sale of a session; and   (xvii) a redemption ID used to determine redemption of a session.       

     In some embodiments, determining a plurality of outcomes may comprise determining a plurality of representative outcomes. For example, if step  105  is being performed by an AS, determining a plurality of outcome may comprise determining an indication of a plurality of outcomes (e.g., the payouts corresponding to each outcome of the plurality of outcomes, a sum of payouts corresponding to the plurality of outcomes, or any other of the information listed above) and selecting representative outcomes to represent a plurality of actual outcomes generated by a GD. 
     It should be understood that in some embodiments a plurality of outcomes are generated (e.g., a session of game plays is executed to determine a plurality of outcomes to be recorded on a DVD) prior to any player expressing any interest in purchasing the plurality of outcomes. For example, an entity (e.g., casino, GD manufacturer and/or other entity) may create (or cause to be created) DVDs, each DVD having recorded therein a video representation of a plurality of outcomes, and place the created DVDs on a casino floor for purchase by players. 
     In some embodiments, a player may purchase, request or otherwise agree to a session (e.g., the player may request or order a DVD of outcomes to be created on behalf of the player). In such embodiments, methods for providing gaming contracts and/or flat rate gaming sessions may be applied to embodiments described herein. Many such methods are described in commonly-owned, co-pending U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/627,670, filed Nov. 12, 2004, entitled “GAMING DEVICE OFFERING A FLAT RATE PLAY SESSION AND METHODS THEREOF”; U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/600,211, filed Aug. 10, 2004, entitled “SYSTEMS, METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR ADMINISTERING GAMING CONTRACTS”; U.S. application Ser. No. 10/636,520, filed Aug. 7, 2003, entitled “SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR COMMUNICATING GAME SESSION INFORMATION”; U.S. application Ser. No. 10/635,986, filed Aug. 7, 2003, entitled “SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR REMOTE AUTOMATED PLAY OF GAMING DEVICES”; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/001,089, filed Nov. 2, 2001, entitled “GAME MACHINE FOR A FLAT RATE PLAY SESSION AND METHOD OF OPERATING SAME”; and U.S. Pat. No. 6,077,163, filed Jun. 23, 1997, entitled “GAMING DEVICE FOR A FLAT RATE PLAY SESSION AND METHOD OF OPERATING SAME”; the entirety of each are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes. 
     For example, a player may request a session by (i) actuating an input device of a gaming device, kiosk or other device described herein (e.g., the player actuates an icon of a touch-sensitive display screen advertising “Purchase a DVD” or other similar text), (ii) indicating such a desire verbally to a casino representative (e.g., in person or over the phone), (iii) filling out and submitting forms or other paperwork, and so on. 
     In some embodiments, a session may comprise a remote session, wherein a player needn&#39;t be present to execute one or more game plays associated with the session (e.g., a player purchases 1,000 spins of a slot machine for a flat price of $15). For example, after receiving a request to execute such a remote session, a casino attendant may execute (or cause to be executed) the session on the player&#39;s behalf using a GD on casino premises. The player may then remotely view data associated with the session (e.g., representative outcomes determined based on the results of the session) at a later time without necessarily gambling outside of casino premises (e.g., the player simply views results which have already been generated in a legal jurisdiction). Those familiar with the current legal framework concerning gambling in the Unites States will appreciate the advantages of such a system (e.g., for one, it allows players to place legal slot machine bets and watch the results from home). 
     Irrespective of whether a session is executed on behalf of a player after the player requests the session or whether the session is executed prior to any player expressing an interest in the session, several parameters and values thereof may be associated with (e.g., define) a session. For example, a session may be defined by one or more parameters, including but not limited to
         (i) a price (e.g., how much the player pays in exchange for gaining access to the plurality of outcomes determined as a result of a session (e.g., how much a player pays for a DVD on which a video representation of the outcomes is recorded));   (ii) a session duration, which may be defined, for example, in time, number of game plays (e.g., the session ends after two hours or the session ends after 1,000 game plays) or another ending event (e.g., the session ends when the credit meter balance reaches zero or another predetermined value);   (iii) an average, minimum, maximum or specified wager amount per game play (e.g., a session parameter specifies that $0.25 will be wagered per game play);   (iv) one or more gaming devices on which game play may occur (e.g., any video slot machine, any video poker machine except “Crazy Triple Joker Poker,” any “Big Texas Oil” machine, the “Big Texas Oil” machine in Room Z numbered GD-BTO-0012, and so on);   (v) active pay combinations and/or a payout schedule to be used during the execution of game plays comprising the session (e.g., a session parameter specifies that an outcome of “BAR-BAR-BAR” pays 1,500 coins, and so on);   (vi) a date and/or a time (e.g., of day) during which the session may be executed (e.g., between 6 and 10 a.m. on Jan. 1, 2006);   (vii) a refund rate or amount payable to a player (e.g., the player will receive a refund of 50% of net losses incurred due to the session);   (viii) a manner in which game play or the game results thereof will be made available to players (e.g., the casino will provide a DVD comprising video renderings of outcomes generated previously by a gaming device on the casino floor, the casino will enable the player to play one or more gaming devices on the casino floor in person, such that the player may be present when game play occurs; the casino will provide a code which a player may later use online to access video renderings of outcomes previously generated by a gaming device on the casino floor; etc.); and   (ix) other stipulations related to game play (e.g., a number of paylines of a slot machine game that should be bet on, a strategy for holding/discarding cards in a poker game, wager per payline, etc.).       

     In embodiments in which a session is executed on behalf of a particular player, a player may select, purchase or otherwise agree to such parameters when requesting a session (e.g., the player uses an input device of a GD to select certain parameters, the player selects certain parameters by checking off appropriately labeled boxes of a paper form, the player verbally instructs a casino attendant that he agrees to certain parameters, and so on). It should be noted that, as described in the above-referenced commonly owned patents and patent applications, the parameters a player selects may have an affect on the session price (e.g., generally, more game plays, higher wager amounts and more active pay combinations may require higher session prices). 
     In this manner, a player may request that a session characterized by certain parameters be executed. For example, a player may provide a session price of $15, and in turn, a casino may agree to provide 1,000 game plays of a particular GD at a wager amount of 25¢ per game play. Further, a manner in which game play or game results may be provided may be stipulated (e.g., the casino will provide a DVD comprising a video presentation of outcomes generated by a GD on the casino floor). In some embodiments, additional parameters may define a session and may be set by a player, casino and/or other entity. For example, a time during which game play may occur may be stipulated (e.g., game play will be generated on the player&#39;s behalf at any time deemed appropriate by the casino before Thursday night). Still further, a time/date when game results may be provided to a player may be stipulated (e.g., the player agrees to allow 1-2 weeks for the delivery of a DVD comprising a video presentation of outcomes generated by a GD on the casino floor). Accordingly, a system of the present invention may receive a request to execute a session, such as a remote session, wherein a GD may be configured to execute a plurality of game plays on the player&#39;s behalf while the player is not present, with the results of said game plays being provided to a player in a manner such that the player may view the results remotely. 
     It should be noted that, in some embodiments, when requesting that a session be executed, a player may provide various contact information (e.g., postal address, phone number, e-mail address, and so on), such that players may be provided with the results of the session via the contact information (e.g., a code my be e-mailed to the e-mail address, the code for accessing the results online or a DVD may be mailed to the postal address, etc.). 
     In embodiments in which a session is executed prior to any player expressing an interest in the session (e.g., embodiments in which DVDs of sessions are massively produced and made available for purchase), an entity such as a casino, GD manufacturer and/or other entity may define the parameters and values thereof defining a session. For example, such an entity may program a GD to execute 1000 sessions being defined by a set of particular parameters (and values thereof). 
     In some embodiments, step  105  (or another or additional step) may comprise storing an indication of parameters defining a session in association with the session (e.g., in association with a unique session identifier in a record of an appropriate database). In one or more embodiments, a unique session identifier (e.g., numeric or alphanumeric identification code) may be associated with each session that is executed or that is scheduled for execution. In some embodiments, such information may be stored electronically. For example, various parameters and values thereof may be stored in a record of a database, each record defining a session executed, available for execution and/or scheduled to be executed. It should be noted that such a database may be stored in a variety of locations, including but not limited to within a GD and/or CS. Alternately or additionally, a physical, non-electronic record of such session parameters may be kept. For example, if a player has filled out a paper form indicating various session parameters, the form may be filed away or saved such that it may later be used when executing the session. In another example, both a physical and an electronic record may be kept (e.g., a casino attendant may enter desired session parameters and values thereof using a computing device such that they are recorded in a database, then use a software application of the computing device to print a physical piece of paper indicating the desired parameters and values thereof). 
     In summary, irrespective of whether a session is prompted by a request from a player or is part of a mass production process, step  105  comprises determining a plurality of outcomes comprising the session. The step may comprise one or more subroutines, such as a subroutine for (i) determining one or more parameters (and values thereof) defining a session comprising the plurality of outcomes; (ii) generating the plurality of outcomes; (iii) determining an indication of the plurality of outcomes (which may comprise determining an indication of a plurality of actual outcomes and/or determining an indication of a plurality of representative outcomes); (iv) decoding or interpreting the indication to determine a plurality of representative outcomes; and/or (v) selecting a plurality of media files, each media file corresponding to an outcome of the plurality of outcomes. Such subroutines and others are described in detail below, particularly with respect to  FIGS. 19-26 . 
     It should be noted that when reference is made to an “outcome” herein, such reference may refer to an actual outcome and/or a representative outcome. In step  110 , an indication of the plurality of outcomes is stored. Storing an indication of the outcomes may comprise, for example, one or more of (i) storing an indication of the outcomes in a memory (e.g., a mass storage device) of a device such as a GD, CS or AS; (ii) recording (or causing to be recorded) an indication of the plurality of outcomes on a DVD; and (iii) printing (or causing to be printed) an indication of the plurality of outcomes on a document (e.g., a session results ticket). It should be understood that an indication of a plurality of outcomes may comprise any and all of the information described with respect to step  105 . 
     For example, storing an indication of outcomes may comprise a GD transmitting an indication of the plurality of outcomes to a CS and the CS in turn transmitting the indication (or another indication based on the indication received from the GD) to an AS. Step  110  may further comprise the AS creating a video representation of the plurality of outcomes (e.g., by selecting a plurality of media files, each media file corresponding to one of the plurality of outcomes) and recording the media files onto a DVD. 
     In one embodiment, storing an indication of the plurality of outcomes may comprise storing a representative outcome for each of the plurality of outcomes. In one embodiment, storing an indication of the plurality of outcomes may comprise recording a plurality of media files onto a DVD, each media file corresponding to one outcome of the plurality of outcomes or, alternatively, combining the plurality of media files into a single media file and storing that to the DVD. In one embodiment, storing an indication of the plurality of outcomes may comprise storing an indication of each outcome of the plurality of outcomes. 
     In one embodiment, storing an indication of the plurality of outcomes may comprise populating a record of an appropriate database (e.g., with an indication of each outcome of the plurality of outcomes) for subsequent creation of a video presentation of the plurality of outcomes. For example, a first program of a device may receive an indication of the plurality of outcomes and determine particular representative outcomes (e.g., particular payouts and the order thereof, particular media files and the order thereof, and/or particular sets of indicia, each set corresponding to an outcome of the plurality of outcomes). This first program may cause the determined information to be stored in a database. A second program may then create a video representation of the outcomes. A third program may then cause the video presentation to be recorded onto a DVD. Of course, a single program may be used or the first, second and third program may be combined in any manner practicable and desirable. Further, the first, second and third program may each be performed by different devices or the same device, and the devices may or may not be geographically proximate to each other, depending on what is practicable and desirable. 
     In one or more embodiments, step  110  may comprise storing a result of a session (e.g., an indication of outcomes determined for the session) in an electronic manner. For example, as described, data associated with a session may be stored electronically in a session database (e.g., a session database  425 , an example record of which is illustrated in  FIG. 7 ). In some embodiments, session data may be stored on a smart card (e.g., a smart card inserted into a reader device in communication with a GD) or another portable storage medium. 
     Storage and/or transmission of an indication of the plurality of outcomes may occur at any time. For example, some indication of the plurality of outcomes may be stored and/or transmitted prior to the execution of a session corresponding to the plurality of outcomes (e.g., an indication of the session identifier and/or parameters of the session may be stored in a record of a database upon the session being scheduled and/or ordered). In another example, some indication of the plurality of outcomes may be stored and/or transmitted during or after the execution of a session (e.g., game play results are individually stored as they are generated; game play results are stored in RAM while they are being generated, then written to ROM and erased from RAM; and so on). Thus, step  110  may comprise transmitting and/or storing an indication of a plurality of outcomes electronically to a memory. 
     It should be appreciated that such data may be stored electronically in a variety of formats. For example, as depicted by  FIG. 7 , various data may be stored as records of a database entry associated with a session identifier. For example, in one embodiment, a database may store text indicating any or all of a wager amount, outcome, outcome identifier and payout amount associated with a particular game play number (e.g., the first game play of a session is game play “1”). In some embodiments, an indication of a plurality of outcomes or other data associated with a session may be stored electronically in an encoded fashion. For example, a bit function representing an outcome may be stored in a database (e.g., “BAR-LEMON-CHERRY” is stored as 0129-2938-3847, each four-digit sequence representing a particular symbol). 
     In some embodiments, storing an indication of the plurality of outcomes may comprise accessing a media file database (e.g., an example embodiment of which is depicted in  FIGS. 11A and 11B , respectively) to determine a media file (e.g., a media file associated with a result of a game play), and then storing an indication of a game play number along with an associated media file. 
     Alternately or additionally, storing an indication of the plurality of outcomes may comprise outputting the indication in some physical, non-electronic fashion. For example, in some embodiments, a GD may actuate a printer device to print a bar code encoding the indication of the plurality of outcomes (e.g., an indication of a session result). For example, a GD may print upon a conventionally sized TITO ticket a high-density barcode encoding an indication of the plurality of outcomes associated with an executed session. For example, text, numerals or other symbols stored within a session database (e.g., a series of outcome identifiers) may be encoded such that they are represented graphically by a barcode such as a high-density barcode. Various methods of encoding such text and/or numerals graphically using a high-density barcode are contemplated. In further embodiments, encoding an indication of the plurality of outcomes as a printed barcode may comprise accessing a media file database (e.g., see  FIG. 12A ) to determine a media file associated with an outcome, and then encoding a game play number along with an associated media file or indication of an associated media filed (e.g., an identifier that uniquely identifies a media file). 
     Accordingly, in various embodiments, storing an indication of the plurality of outcomes may comprise outputting and/or storing the indication in an electronic and/or physical fashion. As described, in some embodiments, a session may have been executed without interaction from a user (e.g., agent), as an electronic signal instructing a GD to execute a session defined by certain parameters and values thereof may be sent by a separate device. Accordingly, in some embodiments, a person (e.g., a casino attendant or player) may approach a GD and access or attain an indication of the plurality of outcomes corresponding to the session. For example, a casino attendant may be dispatched to collect a cashout ticket, video ticket and/or session results ticket from a GD. In another embodiment, a casino attendant may be dispatched with a smart card or other portable memory device (e.g., a CPD). The casino attendant may insert the smart card into a reader device of a GD, and the indication of the plurality of outcomes may be transferred or copied from a memory of the GD to a memory of the smart card or other portable memory device. For example, in one embodiment, an indication of the plurality of outcomes may be stored temporarily in GD memory until it is retrieved by a casino attendant or player (and, e.g., transferred to a smart card) and/or transmitted to another device. 
     In step  115 , it is determined whether the last of the plurality of outcomes have been generated. In some embodiments, a session is not considered to be completed (and thus the results of the session not ready for sale or other provision to a player) until the last of the outcomes comprising the session have been generated. Accordingly, it may be determined whether the last of the outcomes have been generated. For example, a parameter of a session defining the duration of the session may be determined (e.g., a number of outcomes) and compared to the data comprising the indication of the plurality of outcomes. If the data indicates that the number of outcomes defined by the parameter is the same as the number of outcomes indicated by the indication, it may be determined that the last of the plurality of outcomes has been generated. In another example (e.g., one in which step  115  is being performed by a GD), determining whether the last of the plurality of outcomes have been generated may comprise determining whether the session has been completed by determining whether the end event defined by a parameter of the session has occurred (e.g., determining an elapsed time since a beginning of the session). 
     In some embodiments an indication of a plurality of outcomes may not be received by a particular device performing step  115  unless and until the last of a plurality of outcomes has been generated. In such embodiments, step  115  may be superfluous. Alternatively, an affirmative determination to step  115  may be determined if it is determined that the indication of the outcomes has been received. 
     In one embodiment, step  115  may further comprise determining whether the last of representative outcomes corresponding to actual outcomes of a session have been determined. For example, if step  115  is being performed by a device creating a video representation of the outcomes or selecting media files for the plurality of outcomes, each media file comprising a representative outcome, step  115  may comprise determining whether the last of the representative outcomes has been determined (e.g., whether a representative outcome for each of a plurality of actual outcomes comprising a session has been determined). 
     If it is determined that the last of the plurality of outcomes has not been generated (e.g., the session comprising the plurality of outcomes is not yet complete), the process returns to step  105 , in which the remainder of the plurality of outcomes (or more of the plurality of outcomes) are determined. Otherwise, the process  100  continues to step  120 . 
     In step  120 , the plurality of outcomes is sold to a player in exchange for a price. Of course, it should be understood that in some embodiments the plurality of outcomes may be provided to a player without receiving a price therefore. For example, the plurality of outcomes may be provided as a reward (e.g., for loyalty to a casino or certain desirable play behavior), gift or incentive. Further, it should be understood that the price received in exchange for the plurality of outcomes may be a monetary amount (e.g., U.S. dollars) or may be in another form of consideration. For example, a player may agree to perform an activity or engage in a behavior in exchange for the plurality of outcomes. For example, a player may answer survey or marketing questions and/or commit to returning to a casino within a predetermined time frame. 
     Selling the plurality of outcomes to a player in exchange for a price may comprise, for example, selling a DVD to the player, the DVD having recorded thereon a video representation of the plurality of outcomes. Additional detail on such an embodiment is provided below. In another example, selling the plurality of outcomes to a player may comprise providing access to the player to the plurality of outcomes in another manner. For example, a code may be provided to the player, the code being associated with an indication (e.g., a video presentation) of the plurality of outcomes as it is stored on a server device (e.g., a server device operable to facilitate a Web site). The player may enter the code (e.g., online) and thus gain access to the indication of the outcomes. Additional detail on such an embodiment is provided below. 
     In some embodiments, selling the plurality of outcomes to a player may comprise providing an indication of the plurality of outcomes to a player who has previously ordered or requested that the plurality of outcomes be generated, and may have already paid for the outcomes. In such embodiments, selling the plurality of outcomes to the player may comprise communicating (e.g., transmitting) an indication of the outcomes (or an indication of an availability of the outcomes) to the player. For example, a DVD may be mailed to the player or a code or other information (e.g., an executable file that displays representative outcomes when opened or run) may be e-mailed to the player. 
     In one embodiment, selling the plurality of outcomes to a player may occur at a POS of a casino. For example, a player may request to purchase a DVD of outcomes at the POS. The sale of the DVD may involve various procedures for ensuring the security and legitimate sale of the DVD. Such procedures are described in detail herein (e.g. particularly with respect to  FIG. 22 ). 
     As described, in one embodiment selling a plurality of outcomes to a player may comprise providing the player access to a video presentation representing the outcomes, such that the player may view game results from a location that is remote from a casino (though the results themselves may have been generated within a casino). In some embodiments, player contact information received when a player purchases a session or video presentation based on the session (e.g., address, phone number, e-mail address) may be used in providing the player access to the video presentation. 
     In some embodiments, providing the player access to a video presentation may comprise storing or transmitting the video presentation electronically such that it may be accessed or viewed by the player. For example, in one embodiment, providing (and, e.g., creating) a video presentation may comprise storing various media files on a server that may be accessible by purchasers via computing devices such as personal home computers (of course, other computing devices, such as PDAs, cellular phones, and so on are contemplated). Accordingly, providing access to a video presentation may comprise allowing a player to access such stored files. For example, in one embodiment, a player may be provided with a code that may be entered (e.g., using a form of a Web page) to gain access to such a video presentation. Such a code may comprise a session identifier. For example, after being given a code, the player may visit a Web page and enter the code. If the code is valid (e.g., as determined by a server, the session has been executed and the code has been legitimately provided to the player and is associated with the session), the player may then use a Web interface (e.g., a virtual slot machine created using Macromedia Flash or a similar program) to view the stored video presentation associated with the purchased session. For example, the player may press a “spin” button of such a virtual slot machine, and upon doing so, a server may be operable to (i) determine a game play number (e.g., if it is the first time the player has pressed the spin button, the game play number is “1,” and so on), (ii) access a database or other memory structure based on the session identifier so as to determine one or more media files in association with the game play number, and (iii) output the appropriate media files via the Web interface. 
     In other embodiments, as already described, a video presentation may be transmitted electronically to a player, such as via electronic mail (e.g., an executable software application is mailed electronically to players such that they may open the application and view outcomes comprising a purchased session) or video broadcasting. 
     In some embodiments, as also described, a video presentation of a plurality of outcomes comprising a session may be output via tangible media such as a DVD or CD-ROM. Accordingly, in some embodiments, such tangible media may be provided, shipped or mailed to a purchaser of a session. For example, the tangible media may be handed to the player upon the player purchasing the session, may be mailed to a mailing address indicated by a player, may be stored in a centrally-accessible database or in written form, etc. 
     It should be understood that the various steps of process  100  may occur at different locations. For example, a plurality of outcomes may be generated at a casino and transmitted to a DVD assembly facility that is remote from the casino. The DVD assembly facility may then create a DVD having recorded therein a video representation of the plurality of outcomes. Various processes for how such a DVD may be created are described in detail herein. The DVDs assembled at such a DVD assembly facility may then be transported to another location (e.g., to a casino, to be made available for sale to players or directly to a player&#39;s home if the player has previously ordered a DVD).  FIG. 2 , described below, illustrates the various processes and locations that may be involved in some embodiments of the present invention. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 2 , illustrated therein is a block diagram of an example “life cycle” of a DVD according to some embodiments described herein. The block diagram illustrates the various entities and processes that may be involved in at least one embodiment described herein. It should be noted that each of the processes described briefly with respect to  FIG. 2  is described in detail herein.  FIG. 2  is provided herein to illustrate one possible implementation of some embodiments. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 2 , in accordance with some embodiments three distinct locations may be involved in providing a DVD of outcomes to a player. The first location is a casino  205 , at which a player may purchase and redeem a DVD. The second location is a DVD creation facility  210 , at which a DVD of outcomes may be created based on outcomes determined by a GD. The third location is a player&#39;s home  215  or other location remote from a casino, at which location a player may view a DVD of outcomes. 
     The casino  205  may include a CS  225  that facilitates the sale and redemption of DVDs of outcomes. The CS  225  is in communication with a GD  220  at which outcomes are created, based on which outcomes a video presentation of outcomes for the DVD will be created. The CS  225  is also in communication with a POS  230 , at which a player may purchase a DVD of outcomes. 
     The DVD creation facility includes a DVD assembly system  235  (DVD AS  235 ). The DVD AS  235  is comprised of a computer  240  and a DVD recording device  245 . 
     The player home  215  may include a TV  250  in communication with a DVD player  255 . It should be understood, of course, that if a tangible medium other than a DVD is used to provide a video presentation of outcomes to a player, the player home  215  may include devices appropriate for reading and outputting the video presentation to a player (e.g., if the outcomes are stored on a CD-ROM, the player home may include a PC operable to read and output the information recorded on the CD-ROM). 
     A player&#39;s obtainment of a DVD of outcomes may begin with a process P- 200 - 1 , in which process GD  220  generates a plurality of outcomes for a session and communicates (e.g., transmits) an indication of the plurality of outcomes to CS  225 . In an alternate embodiment, GD  220  may communicate an indication of the plurality of outcomes directly to AS  235  (e.g., in lieu of or in addition to communicating the indication to CS  225 ). It should be noted that, as described, a player may have requested the plurality of outcomes or session prior to the outcomes being generated. In such embodiments, a player&#39;s obtainment of a DVD of outcomes may instead begin with a process in which a player approaches a POS  230  to request the plurality of outcomes (and, e.g., provides the desired parameters and values thereof for the session comprising the plurality of outcomes). However, for purposes of simplicity,  FIG. 2  illustrates an embodiment in which DVDs are mass produced, without the creation of a DVD being dependent on a player requesting a purchase of a particular session. 
     Once the GD  220  (or another device since, as described herein, any reference to a particular device performing a particular function is not meant to be limiting since the function may be performed by another device, as desired and practicable) transmits an indication of the plurality of outcomes, which will be referred to as session result data at least for purposes of  FIG. 2 , the CS  225  communicates the session result data to DVD AS  235 . For example, the CS  225  may electronically communicate the session result data in an encrypted fashion to CS  225 . The session result data may include, for example, an indication of one or more of (i) a game for which the plurality of outcomes were generated; (ii) a price of the session; (iii) a beginning credit meter balance for the session; (iv) an ending credit meter balance for the session; (iv) a number of game plays included in the session; (v) a wager per game play; (vi) a sum of payouts obtained for the session; (vi) particular outcomes (e.g., sets of indicia and/or payouts) obtained during the session; (vii) a strategy employed during the session (e.g., if any decision-making is required during a game play); and/or (viii) a session identifier. 
     The computer  240  may then create a video presentation based on the received session result data. For example, the computer  240  may select or create appropriate media files (e.g., video clips, each video clip corresponding to a particular representative outcome to be included in the video presentation) based on the received session result data. The computer  240  may also determine an order in which the media files are to be put together in the video presentation. Such an order may be determined, for example, based on an order in which outcomes were generated by GD  220  (which order may be included in the session result data received). In another example, the order may be determined based on another desired characteristic. For example, it may be desirable to represent the outcomes such that the majority of outcomes corresponding to large payouts occur towards the end of the video presentation or such that payouts that correspond to payouts greater than zero are substantially evenly interspersed among outcomes that correspond to payouts of zero credits. It should be understood that a video presentation created in accordance with some embodiments may include data other than the mere representation of outcomes obtained as a result of a session. For example, inserted pauses to mimic a time at which a player would normally pull a slot machine handle or otherwise initiate the next game play may be interspersed between each video clip representing an outcome, to approximate the experience a player may have while playing a GD on a casino floor. This additional data may be, in some embodiments, additional video data, or in other embodiments, navigation data such as DVD pause commands. In another example, audio and/or video of messages may also be included (e.g., congratulatory messages appear upon an outcome corresponding to a large payout being displayed). 
     Once the computer  240  creates a video presentation (e.g., selects the media files to be included in the video presentation and the order thereof), the computer  240  may, in process P- 200 - 3 , direct the DVD recording device to record the video presentation onto a DVD. The DVD recording device records (e.g., stamps) the video presentation onto a DVD. 
     Once the DVD is created (which, in some embodiments, may include storing the DVD in a jewel case, including marketing materials with the DVD, labeling the DVD with unique identifiers (e.g., in the form of barcodes) as appropriate, and wrapping the DVD in secure packaging), the DVD is transported from the DVD creation facility  210  to the casino  205  in process P- 200 - 4 . For example, a shipment of DVDs created in accordance with the above processes may be shipped to the casino. Additionally, data indicative of the DVDs created and being shipped may be communicated to the casino  205 . For example, an indication of a unique DVD identifier that corresponds to a unique session identifier of a session based on which the DVD was created may be communicated. Such information may be communicated electronically and/or via printed form (e.g., as documents included in the shipment). 
     Once the DVD arrives at the casino  205 , it is made available for purchase to players. For example, the DVD may be placed on a display of DVDs on a casino floor (e.g., next to a GD that is operable to facilitate a game based on which the outcomes of the DVD were generated), behind a casino counter, in a casino hotel room, etc. Information regarding the DVD is stored in CS  225 . For example, the unique DVD identifier (which may also be included on the DVD and/or DVD packaging) may be stored in an available DVDs database  445 , along with other information associated with the DVD (e.g., a redemption value of the DVD and a status of the DVD (e.g., whether it has yet been sold and/or redeemed)). 
     A player who desires to purchase the DVD may then request to purchase the DVD at POS  230 . For example, a player may select the DVD from a display on a casino floor and bring it to POS  230 . In another example, the DVD may be available at a merchant associated with the casino and POS  230  and the player may select the DVD from a shelf of the merchant and present it for purchase at POS  230 . In yet another example, the DVD may be located behind an employee counter of a POS  230  and the player may request to purchase the DVD by informing a casino attendant, who selects the DVD from behind the counter for the player. The purchase of the DVD is facilitated in process P- 200 - 5 , in which process the POS  230  communicates with CS  225  to verify that the DVD has not previously been purchased and is available for sale. The process P- 200 - 5  may include other steps for ensuring that the DVD is sold in a secure manner, as described in detail herein. For example, an identifier of the player may be received and/or an activation code for the DVD may be received from CS  225 . Once the player provides the appropriate price for the DVD, the player is provided with the receipt and DVD and the purchase is complete. 
     The player may then take the DVD home in process P- 200 - 6  and view the video presentation of outcomes at his leisure. The player may subsequently return to the casino and request a payment of the redemption value of the DVD, in process P- 200 - 7 . For example, the player may visit POS  230  in order to redeem the DVD. For example, if the ending credit meter balance of a session, which the DVD redemption value is a function of, is greater than zero, the player may obtain the redemption value by returning to the casino with the DVD and receipt. 
     Upon receiving a request to collect a redemption value of a DVD at a POS  230 , a process P- 200 - 8  is performed for verifying and authorizing the provision of the redemption value to the player. For example, a legitimate purchase by the player of the DVD may be verified. Additionally, it may be verified that the redemption value has not previously been collected. An example redemption process for redeeming a redemption value of a DVD is described in detail herein with respect to  FIG. 23 . 
     Of course, it should be understood that a player need not view the video presentation in order to collect the DVD redemption value. As described herein, in some embodiments a player may be allowed to collect the redemption value of a purchased DVD without ever opening the DVD and/or viewing the video presentation of the DVD. Further, it should be noted that, in some embodiments, a player need not return to the casino in order to collect the DVD redemption value. As is described herein, in some embodiments the DVD redemption value may be provided to the player who purchased the DVD after a predetermined period of time from the purchase of the DVD passes (e.g., one month after the DVD is purchased, a check for the redemption value is mailed to the player if the player has not yet collected the redemption value). In some embodiments, a player may request to collect the redemption value of a DVD without being required to visit the casino (e.g. a player may call or e-mail the casino or send in his DVD and receipt therefore via postal mail in order to collect the redemption value). 
     In some embodiments, as described herein, a player may be provided with a benefit for returning to a casino after purchasing a DVD even if the DVD redemption value is zero or the credit meter balance associated with the session based on which the DVD was created was zero. For example, a player may be provided with free game plays, comp points, discounts, or other prizes. 
     Systems 
     Referring now to  FIG. 3 , illustrated therein is a block diagram of an embodiment  300  of an example system that may be utilized to implement one or more embodiments described herein. Embodiment  300  is referred to as system  300  herein. The system  300  comprises a casino server  305  (CS  305 ). An example embodiment of CS  305  is described in detail herein with respect to  FIG. 4 . 
     The CS  305  is operable to communicate with an assembly system  310  (AS  310 ). The AS  310  may be operable, for example, to assemble or otherwise create or facilitate DVDs or other tangible media storing outcomes in accordance with embodiments described herein. An example embodiment of AS  310  is described herein with respect to  FIG. 5 . In one embodiment, AS  310  may be located in a location remote from a casino in which a CS  305  is located. In other embodiments, AS  310  may be located in the same location as CS  305 . In one embodiment, some or all of the functions described herein as being performed by AS  310  may instead or in addition be performed by CS  305  and/or another device. In some embodiments CS  305  and AS  310  are operated by the same entity, irrespective of whether they are each located in the same location or remote locations (e.g., a casino may operate both). In other embodiments, CS  305  is operated by a first entity (e.g., a casino) while AS  310  is operated by a second entity (e.g., a manufacturer of gaming devices). 
     The CS  305  is further operable to communicate with one or more gaming devices  315  (GD  315 ). A GD  315  may be operable, for example, to generate a plurality of outcomes in accordance with embodiments described herein. A GD  315  may comprise, in one embodiment, a GD on a casino floor that is also operable to be used by a player in a conventional manner. In other embodiments, GD  315  may comprise a modified GD (MGD) that is described in detail herein with respect to  FIG. 6 . Although only a single GD is shown, any number of GDs may be used. An example embodiment of a GD  315  is described herein with respect to  FIG. 6 . 
     The CS  305  is further operable to communicate with a Point-of-Sale  320  (POS  320 ). Although only a single POS is shown, any number of POSs may be used. The CS  305  is further operable to communicate with a casino personnel device  325  (CPD  325 ). A CPD may be used, for example, by an employee of a casino to facilitate one or more embodiments described herein. Although only a single CPD is shown, any number may be used. 
     In some embodiments, various casino locations (e.g., change booths, customer service counters, kiosks, shops, restaurants, etc.) may utilize POS terminals to facilitate various processes described herein. For example, in some embodiments, a player may purchase a DVD containing a plurality of outcomes previously generated by a GS  315  via a POS  320 . In another example, a player may request at a POS  320  that a plurality of outcomes be generated in accordance with one or more parameters specified by the player and stored on a DVD to be provided to the player. Thus, in some embodiments, a POS may be utilized to (i) receive from a player a request to purchase a DVD of outcomes; (ii) verify and/or authorize the sale of the DVD; (iii) accept payment in exchange for the DVD; and/or (iv) provide a payout corresponding to the DVD upon a player&#39;s authorized redemption of the DVD. In some embodiments, a POS  320  may be operable to communicate with CS  305  to authorize the sale and/or redemption of a DVD. In some embodiments, a POS  320  may be configured to read from and/or write to one or more databases of the present invention (e.g., an available DVDs database). In some embodiments, a POS  320  may comprise various hardware and software described herein with respect to other devices (e.g., a keyboard, processor, display, etc.). In some embodiments, a POS  320  may be operable to communicate with a device in addition to CS  305 . For example, POS  320  may be operable to communicate with an inventory/reservation system (e.g., a computer terminal at a theatre communicates with an inventory database to determine a number of unsold seats for a certain event). In some embodiments, CS  305  may function as an inventory/reservation system. 
     In some embodiments, various casino employees may be equipped with or otherwise utilize one or more CPDs. A CPD  325  may comprise, for example, a PDA or other computing device (e.g., a personal computer terminal). A CPD  325  may comprise various input devices (e.g., a keypad, a touch-sensitive display screen, a card reader, an infrared bar code scanner, etc.), various output devices (e.g., an LCD screen), a processor, a memory and/or a communications port, as described herein with respect to other devices. In some embodiments, a CPD  325  may be operable to communicate with a GD  315 , CS  305 , another server, a kiosk, a peripheral device, AS  310  and/or an inventory/reservation system of a casino-maintained property (e.g., a hotel). Thus, a CPD  325  may be configurable to, among other things, (i) read from and/or write to one or more databases of the present invention, (ii) assist in payments made to players (e.g., a representative “scans” a receipt for a purchased DVD and determines a value associated with the receipt, and if the receipt is valid, provides payment equal to the value), (iii) assist in payment made by players (e.g., a casino representative may receive a payment from a player for purchasing a DVD as described herein and obtain an activation code for the DVD to provide to the player); (iv) cause a GD to generate a plurality of outcomes for storage on a DVD in accordance with embodiments described herein; and/or (v) execute or assist in the execution of various other processes described herein. In one or more embodiments, a CPD may be operable to read data from and/or write data to one or more of the databases described herein. A memory of a CPD may store a program for executing processes described herein, or portions thereof. 
     The CS  305  may communicate with any and all of AS  310 , GD  315 , POS  320  and CPD  325  directly or indirectly, via a wired or wireless medium such as the Internet, LAN, WAN or Ethernet, Token Ring, or via any appropriate communications means or combination of communications means. For example, in one embodiment communication among any and all of the devices of system  300  may occur over the Internet through a Web site maintained by computer on a remote server or over an on-line data network including commercial on-line service providers, bulletin board systems and the like. In yet other embodiments, communication among any of the devices of system  300  may occur over RF, cable TV, satellite links and the like. 
     It should be noted that the lines connecting the various devices of system  300  do not imply that the devices are operable to communicate via a particular network. For example, AS  310  may not be located on a network that CS  305 , GD  310 , POS  320  and CPD  325  are located on. 
     Further, any and all of the CS  305 , AS  310 , GD  315 , POS  320  and CPD  325  may comprise a computing device (or one or more computing devices), such as those based on the Intel® Pentium® processor. 
     In some embodiments, communication among some or all of the devices  300  may occur over a network. Some, but not all, possible communication networks that may comprise the system  300  include: a LAN, a WAN, the Internet, a telephone line, a cable line, a radio channel, an optical communications line, and a satellite communications link. For example, GD  315  may communicate with CS  305  over a LAN while CS  305  may communicate with AS  310  over a WAN or via a cable line. 
     Possible communications protocols that may be part of the system  300  include: Ethernet (or IEEE 802.3), SAP, ATP, Bluetooth™, and TCP/IP. Communication may be encrypted to ensure privacy and prevent fraud in any of a variety of ways well known in the art. 
     A variety of communications protocols may be part of the system  300  or another system operable to facilitate the embodiments described herein, including but not limited to: Ethernet (or IEEE 802.3), SAP, SAS™, SuperSAS™, ATP, Bluetooth™, and TCP/IP. Further, in some embodiments, various communications protocols endorsed by the Gaming Standards Association of Fremont, Calif., may be utilized, such as (i) the Gaming Device Standard (GDS), which may facilitate communication between a gaming device and various component devices and/or peripheral devices (e.g., printers, bill acceptors, etc.), (ii) the Best of Breed (BOB) standard, which may facilitate communication between a gaming device and various servers related to play of one or more gaming devices (e.g., servers that assist in providing accounting, player tracking, content management, ticket-in/ticket-out and progressive jackpot functionality), and/or (iii) the System-to-System (S2S) standard, which may facilitate communication between game-related servers and/or casino property management servers (e.g., a hotel server comprising one or more databases that store information about booking and reservations). Communication may be encrypted to ensure privacy and prevent fraud in any of a variety of ways well known in the art. 
     In some embodiments, a CS  305  may not be necessary and/or preferred. For example, one or more embodiments may be practiced on a stand-alone GD  315  (e.g., one operable to output a DVD of outcomes, and/or one associated with a device operable to output a DVD of outcomes) and/or a GD  315  operable to communicate with AS  310  directly. In such embodiments, any functions described as performed by the CS  305  or data described as stored on the CS  305  may instead be performed by or stored on one or more GD  315  and/or AS  310 . 
     It should be understood that referring to CS  305  as a “casino” server is not meant to imply that a casino controls, or exclusively controls, this device or all functions thereof. For example, in one embodiment CS  305  is a device operated by an entity other than a casino (e.g., an entity that also operates AS  310  or controls some functions of AS  310 ). CS  305  may be any device operable to facilitate the creation of a DVD that stores a plurality of outcomes in accordance with embodiments described herein. 
     In one embodiment, CS  305  may in turn be in communication with another electronic device that is distinct from a GD  315  and/or AS  310 , which electronic device may be operable to (i) direct the CS  305  to perform certain functions and/or (ii) read data from and/or write data to the CS  305 . For example, the CS  305  may comprise a slot server or Data Collection Unit (DCU) that controls and/or communicates with a bank of slot machines, which slot server or DCU is in turn in communication with a casino server that is in communication with a plurality of such slot servers or DCUs. 
     In another embodiment, the CS  305  may be operable to communicate with a GD  315  via another electronic device (e.g., a DCU), such as a server computer operable to communicate with a plurality of slot machines. For example, in one embodiment, the CS  305  may be operable to communicate with a plurality of computing devices, each computing device operable to communicate with a respective plurality of gaming devices. 
     It should be noted that, in some embodiments, one or more of the devices described with respect to system  300  may be combined (or the functions described with respect to may be combined as being performed by) a single device. For example, CS  305  and AS  310  may comprise the same device or a single device may perform the functions described herein as being performed by the two devices as embodying two distinct devices. In another example, GD  315  may comprise CS  305  and/or AS  310  and may, in some embodiments, perform some or all of the functions described herein as being performed by CS  305  and/or AS  310 , and vice versa. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 4 , illustrated therein is a block diagram of an example embodiment  400  of a CS (e.g., the CS  305  of  FIG. 3 ). The embodiment  400  is referred to herein as CS  400 . The CS  400  may be implemented as a system controller, a dedicated hardware circuit, an appropriately programmed general-purpose computer, or any other equivalent electronic, mechanical or electro-mechanical device. The CS  400  may comprise, for example, one or more server computers operable to communicate with one or more client devices, such as one or more GDs, an AS, one or more kiosks, one or more POSs, one or more peripheral devices, and/or one or more CPDs. The CS  400  may be operative to manage the system  300  or at least to facilitate some functions or procedures described herein. 
     In operation, the CS  400  may function under the control of a casino, another merchant, an entity that may also control use of the GD  315 , and/or a GD manufacturer. For example, the CS  400  may be a slot server in a casino. In some embodiments, the CS  400  and a slot server may be different devices. In some embodiments, the CS  400  may comprise a plurality of computers operating together. In some embodiments, the CS  400  and a GD  315  may be the same device. 
     The CS  400  comprises a processor  405 , such as one or more Intel® Pentium® processors. The processor  405  is in communication with a communication port  410  (e.g., for communicating with one or more other devices, such as one or more GDs  315  and/or AS  310 ) and a memory  415 . The memory  415  may comprise an appropriate combination of magnetic, optical and/or semiconductor memory, and may include, for example, Random Access Memory (RAM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), a compact disc and/or a hard disk. The processor  405  and the memory  415  may each be, for example: (i) located entirely within a single computer or other device; or (ii) connected to each other by a remote communication medium, such as a serial port cable, telephone line or radio frequency transceiver. In one embodiment, the CS  400  may comprise one or more devices that are connected to a remote server computer for maintaining databases. 
     The memory  415  stores a program  420  for controlling the processor  405 . The processor  405  performs instructions of the program  420 , and thereby operates in accordance with at least some of the methods described in detail herein. The program  420  may be stored in a compressed, uncompiled and/or encrypted format. The program  420  furthermore includes program elements that may be necessary, such as an operating system, a database management system and “device drivers” for allowing the processor  405  to interface with computer peripheral devices. Appropriate program elements are known to those skilled in the art, and need not be described in detail herein. The program  420  may include computer program code that allows the CS  400  to employ the communication port  410  to communicate with a GD (e.g., GD  600 , described below with respect to  FIG. 6 ) and/or an AS (e.g., AS  500 , described below with respect to  FIG. 5 ) in order to, for example:
         track gambling or other activity performed at the GD;   instruct a GD to generate a plurality of outcomes in accordance with one or more parameters;   receive an indication of a plurality of outcomes generated by a GD;   transmit an indication of a plurality of outcomes generate by a GD to an AS;   receive an indication of a DVD of outcomes that is available for sale;   receive a request from a player to create a DVD of outcomes;   instruct a gaming device to perform one or more functions (e.g., output a message to a player, interrupt play, etc.);   authorize a sale of a DVD to a player;   authorize a redemption of a DVD by a player, and/or   determine an activity status of a GD;       

     According to some embodiments, CS  400  may be operable to perform some of the processes (or portions thereof) described herein. 
     According to an embodiment, the instructions of the program  420  may be read into a main memory from another computer-readable medium, such from a ROM to RAM. Execution of sequences of the instructions in program  420  causes processor  405  to perform the process steps described herein. In alternate embodiments, hard-wired circuitry may be used in place of, or in combination with, software instructions for implementation of the processes of the present invention. Thus, embodiments of the present invention are not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software. 
     The memory  415  also stores (i) a session database  425 ; (ii) a gaming device database  430 ; (iii) an active sessions database  435 ; (iv) an available DVDs database  440 ; and (v) a historic game play database  445 . Each of the databases  425  through  440  is described in more detail below (with reference to  FIGS. 7-10 and 18 , respectively). 
     In some embodiments (e.g., in an embodiment in which CS  400  manages downloadable games playable on one or more GDs), the memory  415  may store additional databases. Examples of such additional databases include, but are not limited to, (i) a game database that stores information regarding one or more games playable on and/or downloadable to one or more GDs, and (ii) a scheduling and/or configuration database useful for determining which games are to be made available on which GDs at what times. In other embodiments, some or all of these functions may be handled by a device distinct from CS  400 . 
     Similarly, in one embodiment CS  400  may be operable to configure a GD (and/or another device, such as a kiosk, POS, CDP, etc.) remotely, update software stored on a GD and/or to download software or software components to a GD. For example, CS  400  may be operable to apply a hot fix to software stored on a GD, modify a payout and/or probability table stored on a GD and/or transmit a new version of software and/or a software component to a GD. The CS  400  may be programmed to perform any or all of the above functions based on, for example, an occurrence of an event (e.g., a scheduled event), receiving an indication from a qualified casino employee and/or other person (e.g., a regulator) and/or receiving a request from a player. In other embodiments, some or all of these functions may be handled by a device distinct from CS  400 . 
     Although the databases  425  through  440  are described as being stored in a memory of CS  400 , in other embodiments some or all of these databases may be partially or wholly stored, in lieu of or in addition to being stored in a memory of CS  400 , in a memory of one or more other devices. Such one or more other devices may comprise, for example, one or more peripheral devices, one or more GDs, an AS, a slot server (if different from the CS  400 ), another device, or a combination thereof. Further, some or all of the data described as being stored in the memory  415  may be partially or wholly stored (in addition to or in lieu of being stored in the memory  415 ) in a memory of one or more other devices. Such one or more other devices may comprise, for example, one or more peripheral devices, one or more GDs, an AS, a slot server (if different from CS  400 ), another device, or a combination thereof. 
     The processor  405  is also operable to communicate with one or more input devices  445 . An input device may comprise any device operable to facilitate input to the CS  400  (e.g., input by a person, such as a keyboard or mouse). An input device, as the term is used herein, may be any device, element or component (or combination thereof) that is capable of receiving an input (e.g., from a player or another device). An input device may communicate with or be part of another device (e.g. an AS, a GD, etc.). Some examples of input devices include: a bar-code scanner, a magnetic stripe reader, a computer keyboard or keypad, a button (e.g., mechanical, electromechanical or “soft”, as in a portion of a touch-screen), a handle, a keypad, a touch-screen, a microphone, an infrared sensor, a voice recognition module, a coin or bill acceptor, a sonic ranger, a computer port, a video camera, a motion detector, a digital camera, a network card, a universal serial bus (USB) port, a GPS receiver, a radio frequency identification (RFID) receiver, an RF receiver, a thermometer, a pressure sensor, an infrared port, and a weight scale. For example, in one embodiment an authorized person may use an input device  450  to program or re-program CS  400  to perform a function and/or to write data to one of the databases stored in memory  415 . 
     The processor  405  is further operable to communicate with one or more output devices  450 . An output device may comprise any device operable to output information from the CS  400 . An output device, as the term is used herein, may be any device, element or component (or combination thereof) that is capable of outputting an output (e.g., to a person or another device). Examples of an output device include, but are not limited to, a display (e.g., in the form of a touch screen), an audio speaker, an infra-red transmitter, a radio transmitter, an electric motor, a printer, a coupon or product dispenser, an infra-red port, a Braille computer monitor, and a coin or bill dispenser. 
     In some embodiments, CS  400  may comprise components capable of facilitating both input and output functions (i.e., input/output devices). In one example, a touch-sensitive display screen comprises an input/output device (e.g., the device outputs graphics and receives selections from an authorized person). 
     Referring now to  FIG. 5 , illustrated therein is a block diagram of an example embodiment  500  of an AS (e.g., AS  310 ). Embodiment  500  is referred to as AS  500  herein. The AS  500  may be implemented as a system controller, a dedicated hardware circuit, an appropriately programmed general-purpose computer, or any other equivalent electronic, mechanical or electro-mechanical device. The AS  500  may comprise, for example, a one or more computer and one or more DVD recording devices operating together. The AS  500  may be an example of AS  235  ( FIG. 2 ) and/or AS  310  ( FIG. 3 ). 
     The AS  500  may be operable, for example, to receive session result data (e.g., an indication of a plurality of outcomes generated for a session) and to create a video representation based on this data. It should be understood that a video presentation may include both video and audio elements. The AS  500  may further be operable to cause a DVD recording device to record (e.g., stamp) the video presentation onto a DVD. Of course, if the video presentation is being stored on a tangible medium other than a DVD (e.g., a CD-ROM), the AS may be in operable to cause a recording device to record the video presentation on the appropriate tangible medium (e.g., to cause a CD-ROM recording device to record the video presentation onto a CD-ROM). In some embodiments, as described, an indication of outcomes may be made available to a player from a server device on which the indication is stored. For example, a video presentation of outcomes may be streamed to a player via a computer in communication with the server. In such embodiments, AS  500  may be operable to facilitate the output of the video presentation in an appropriate manner. 
     The AS  500  comprises a processor  505 . The processor  505  is in communication with a communication port  510  and a memory  515 . The memory  515  may comprise an appropriate combination of magnetic, optical and/or semiconductor memory, and may include, for example, Random Access Memory (RAM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), a compact disc and/or a hard disk. The memory  515  may comprise or include any type of computer-readable medium. The processor  505  and the memory  515  may each be, for example: (i) located entirely within a single computer or other device; or (ii) connected to each other by a remote communication medium, such as a serial port cable, telephone line or radio frequency transceiver. In one embodiment, AS  500  may comprise one or more devices that are connected to a remote server computer for maintaining databases. 
     The memory  515  stores a program  520  for controlling the processor  505 . The processor  505  performs instructions of the program  520 , and thereby operates in accordance with at least some embodiments, and particularly in accordance with the methods described in detail herein. 
     The program  520  may include computer program code that allows the AS  500  to employ the communication port  510  to communicate with another device (e.g., CS  305 ) in order to, for example:
         (i) receive an indication of a plurality of outcomes generated by a GD (e.g., receive session result data for one or more sessions);   (ii) communicate information about a DVD that has been created by the AS  500 ; and/or   (iii) receive information regarding the creation of a video presentation (e.g., receive media files, instructions regarding how media files are to be assembled into a video presentation, etc.).       

     The memory  515  may also store one or more databases. For example, memory  515  stores (i) a media file database  525 ; (ii) a session media file database  530 ; (iii) a DVD production queue database  535 ; (iv) an outcome sets database  540 ; and (v) a batch run database  545 . Of course, other databases may be stored in memory  515 . 
     In one or more embodiments, as described, data may be stored in a memory of another device (e.g., a database of CS  305  or a database of another device). In one or more embodiments, AS  500  may be operable to access the data thereof or have information associated with the data stored therein downloaded or otherwise made available to AS  500  as necessary and/or appropriate. For example, AS  500  may access a memory of another device to determine one or more parameters for generating a plurality of outcomes in accordance with one or more embodiments (e.g., how many outcomes were generated for a particular session). In some embodiments, AS  500  may be operable to write data to a memory of another device. 
     Note that, although the databases  525 ,  530 ,  535  and  540  are described as being stored in AS  500 , in other embodiments some or all of these databases and/or data thereof may be partially or wholly stored (in addition to or in lieu of being stored in the memory  515 ) in another device. Such other device may comprise, for example, CS  305 , a POS  320 , a CPD  325 , another device and/or a combination thereof. 
     As described, the processor  505  is operable to communicate with a communication port  510 . The communication port  510  may be utilized, for example, to transmit information to (or receive information from) another device, such as CS  305 , a GD  315 , a CPD  325 , a POS  320 , another device, or a combination thereof. 
     The processor  505  is also operable to communicate with one or more input devices, output devices and/or input/output devices  550 . The input device(s) of AS  500  may comprise any or all of the input devices described herein. Similarly, the output device(s) and/or input/output device(s) of AS  500  may include any and all of such devices described herein. 
     The processor  505  is further operable to communicate with one or more recording devices  555 . A recording device  555  may comprise any device operable to (i) record a video presentation onto a DVD or onto another tangible medium, (ii) transfer data or information to a DVD or other tangible medium, and/or (iii) facilitate disc image transfer, as appropriate and practicable. For example, if a video presentation is stamped onto a DVD, the recording device  555  may comprise a DVD stamping device. In another embodiment, DVD-R or DVD+R burners may use relatively high-powered lasers to darken inks inside a recordable DVD media to simulate the pits of traditional mass-produced DVDs. Examples of such technologies are readily available, such as DVD recorders from Plextor™ or Panasonic™. In some of these embodiments, the DVD recording device may have multiple recording devices and a robotic mechanism for disc movement into and out of the drives. Examples of this technology include Rimage&#39;s Protoge Plus™, or Microtech&#39;s™ product lines. In one embodiment, AS  500  may comprise a computer device in communication with a barcode scanning device (i.e., input device), such as the PowerScan® SR/HD made by PSC Products™ of Eugene, Oreg. 
     An operator of AS  500  may access session result data by scanning a barcode of a video ticket (such as one depicted in  FIG. 24 , described below. Such a barcode may encode, for example, a session identifier, an indication of a plurality of outcomes generated for the session identified by the session identifiers (e.g., a series of outcome identifiers) and one or more associated GD identifiers). 
     As described, AS  500  may store one or more programs for creating a video presentation to be recorded onto a DVD, based on the received session result data. In some embodiments, AS  500  may be operable to receive session result data associated with a session without communicating via an electronic network with a casino. Rather, AS  500  may be operable to receive session result data via barcoded tickets, other printed documents or via other tangible media having session result data stored thereon. 
     In some embodiments, AS  500  may be part of the same electronic network as CS  305 , a GD  315 , a CPD  325 , and a POS  320 , or be otherwise operable to communicate electronically with one or more of these devices and receive session result data in electronic form from one or more of these devices. 
     In some embodiments, AS  500  may access session result data by accessing a database storing the session result data (e.g., a session database  425 ). For example, in some embodiments, AS  500  may access a session database maintained on CS  305  to determine if there are any executed sessions for which DVDs have not yet been created (e.g., a record of a session database may indicate whether or not a DVD has yet been created for a particular session). In another embodiment, a device (e.g., CS  305 , CPD  325  and/or a GD  315  may send a signal transmitting session result data and/or transmitting an indication that session result data should be accessed or is available. Accordingly, AS  500  may then access or receive the session result data 
     In one embodiment, AS  500  may access session result data by accessing a smart card or other tangible medium (e.g., memory stick, flash memory, floppy disc, printed ticket, CD-ROM, DVD, etc.) with session result data stored thereon. For example, AS  500  may comprise a card reader device, such that when a card bearing session result data is inserted, session result data may be accessed. Such data may then be used to create a video presentation recorded onto a DVD or otherwise provided to a player. 
     In one example of how a video presentation may be provided to a player, AS  500  may store and/or transmit media files electronically, such that they may be accessed or viewed by a purchaser of a session (e.g., using a home computer or other user device). For example, AS  500  may create an entry in a database (which may be maintained by any of the devices described herein), the entry being associated with a session identifier. One or more game play numbers and media files may be associated with the session identifier and an indication of these may be stored in the record. Such a database may be accessed when a purchaser of a session requests to view the video presentation associated with the session (e.g., a player accesses a Web page, and the appropriate entry of the database is accessed to determine an order in which to present media files). In some of these embodiments, the video may be created simultaneously to the viewing of the video presentation. 
     In another example, as described in detail herein, AS  500  may be operable to create a DVD or CD-ROM using the media files. Accordingly, in one embodiment, a software program stored in the memory of AS  500  may be operable to (i) determine an order in which media files are to be presented, and (ii) instruct a recording device (e.g., a DVD recording device) to transfer the information of the media files to an appropriate tangible media (e.g., a DVD) such that they may be viewable in the appropriate order. In some embodiments, such a software program may operate to output such video presentations substantially automatically (e.g., without requiring input from an operator or with minimum input from an operator). For example, AS  500  may be operable to (i) receive or otherwise access session result data, (ii) determine media files associated with the data, and (iii) output video presentations based on the media files to a tangible media. In other embodiments, an operator may provide input instructing AS  500  to perform various tasks (e.g., an operator selects media files, scans barcodes, etc.). In either case, in some embodiments, a video presentation may be output via tangible media. 
     In embodiments wherein tangible media comprises a DVD, such a disc may be formatted according to a DVD encoding process as is known in the art. For example, one or more media files may be segmented into “chapters” that are individually accessible by players. For example, a DVD having recorded thereon a video presentation of a 1,000-game play session may be segregated into 20 chapters of 50 game plays each that a player may watch. In another example, each media file (i.e., game play) may be encoded as its own chapter, such that a player may use an “enter” button of a DVD player remote control much like a “spin” button of a slot machine, launching each video presentation or segment of a video presentation much like actuating a game play of a slot machine. It should be noted that one advantage of such a DVD format of creating a video presentation is that many of the convenient navigation features associated with watching video using a DVD player may be harnessed. For example, a player may stop, pause, fast-forward or rewind the video presentation, or skip chapters entirely. 
     In embodiments wherein physical media comprises a CD-ROM, a video presentation may be incorporated into a software program that is executable by a purchaser of a session using a computing device. Thus, in some embodiments, creating a video presentation may comprise creating an executable software application. For example, creating a video presentation may comprise creating a software program that lets purchasers of sessions interact with the video presentation in a similar manner to a software application of an online casino using a home computer. For example, a purchaser of a session may insert a CD-ROM into an appropriate drive of a home computer, and then click on a graphic of a “spin” button when he desires to view another outcome (e.g., the software program written to the CD-ROM is operable to receive user input, and based on the input, access and display a stored media file as is known in the art). Various software applications that may at least assist in the creation of such DVD and CD-ROM discs may be available commercially. In some embodiments, the user receives data that represents the outcome and a software program, which may or may not be delivered on the same media as the outcomes, and which animate a video presentation. 
     It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the order in which media files are written to tangible media and/or stored electronically in a database or other memory structure may be immaterial (e.g., such that a player later viewing outcomes remotely may not necessarily watch them in the order in which they were generated). For example, media files of a video presentation may appear in a random order. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 6 , illustrated therein is a block diagram of an example embodiment  600  of a GD (e.g., GD  315 ). Embodiment  600  is referred to herein as GD  600 . The GD  600  may be implemented as a system controller, a dedicated hardware circuit, an appropriately programmed general-purpose computer, or any other equivalent electronic, mechanical or electro-mechanical device. The GD  600  may comprise, for example, a slot machine, a video poker terminal, a video blackjack terminal, a video keno terminal, a video lottery terminal, a pachinko machine or a table-top game. In some embodiments, the term “slot machine” is used to refer to a GD and is meant to encompass any and all of the example devices listed herein. In various embodiments, a GD may comprise, for example, a personal computer (e.g., which communicates with an online casino Web site), a telephone (e.g., to communicate with an automated sports book that provides gaming services), or a portable handheld gaming device (e.g., a personal digital assistant, Nintendo™ GameBoy™ device, Sony™ PSP™ device, or other appropriate device). In some embodiments, the GD  600  may comprise a device operable to facilitate a table game (e.g., a device operable to monitor a blackjack game, such as size of a player&#39;s wager, cards received and/or decisions made). In some embodiments, a user device such as a PDA or cell phone may be used in place of, or in addition to, some or all of the GD  600  components depicted in  FIG. 6 . 
     Further, a GD  600  may comprise a personal computer or other device operable to communicate with an online casino and facilitate game play at the online casino. In one or more embodiments, the GD  600  may comprise a computing device operable to execute software that simulates play of a reeled slot machine game, video poker game, video blackjack game, video keno game, video roulette game, or lottery game. 
     The example GD  600  comprises a processor  605 , such as one or more Intel® Pentium® processors. The processor  605  is in communication with a memory  610 . The memory  610  may comprise an appropriate combination of magnetic, optical and/or semiconductor memory, and may include, for example, Random Access Memory (RAM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), a compact disc and/or a hard disk. The memory  610  may comprise or include any type of computer-readable medium. The processor  605  and the memory  610  may each be, for example: (i) located entirely within a single computer or other device; or (ii) connected to each other by a remote communication medium, such as a serial port cable, telephone line or radio frequency transceiver. In one embodiment, GD  600  may comprise one or more devices that are connected to a remote server computer for maintaining databases. 
     The memory  610  stores a program  615  for controlling the processor  605 . The processor  605  performs instructions of the program  615 , and thereby operates in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, and particularly in accordance with the methods described in detail herein. The program  615 , as well as any other program for controlling a processor described herein, may be stored in a compressed, uncompiled and/or encrypted format. The following description of program  615  applies equally to all programs for directing a processor described herein. The program  615  includes program elements that may be necessary, such as an operating system, a database management system and “device drivers” for allowing the processor  605  to interface with computer peripheral devices. Appropriate program elements are known to those skilled in the art, and need not be described in detail herein. 
     According to an embodiment, the instructions of the program  615  may be read into a main memory from another computer-readable medium, such from a ROM to RAM. Execution of sequences of the instructions in program  615  may cause processor  605  to perform one or more process steps described herein. In alternate embodiments, hard-wired circuitry may be used in place of, or in combination with, software instructions for implementation of the processes of the present invention. Thus, embodiments described herein are not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software. In some embodiments, the execution of sequences of the instructions in a program of a peripheral device associated with GD  600  may cause processor  605  to perform some or all of the process steps described herein. 
     The memory  610  may also store one or more databases. For example, memory  610  may store one or more of a probability database, such as probability database  620 , and one or more of a payout database, such as payout database  625 . 
     In one or more embodiments, as described, data may be stored in a memory of another device (e.g., a database of CS  305  or a database of another device). In one or more embodiments, GD  600  may be operable to access the data thereof or have information associated with the data stored therein downloaded or otherwise made available to GD  600  as necessary and/or appropriate. For example, GD  600  may access a memory of another device to determine one or more parameters for generating a plurality of outcomes in accordance with one or more embodiments (e.g., how many outcomes are to be generated for a particular session). In some embodiments, GD  600  may be operable to write data to a memory of another device. 
     Note that, although the databases  620  and  625  are described as being stored in GD  600 , in other embodiments some or all of these databases and/or data thereof may be partially or wholly stored (in addition to or in lieu of being stored in the memory  610 ) in another device. Such other device may comprise, for example, CS  305 , a POS  320 , a CPD  325 , another device and/or a combination thereof. 
     The processor  605  is operable to communicate with a communication port  630 . The communication port  630  may be utilized, for example, to transmit information to (or receive information from) another device, such as CS  305 , another GD, a CPD  325 , a POS  320 , AS  310 , another device, or a combination thereof. 
     The processor  605  is also operable to communicate with a random number generator  635  (RNG  635 ), which may be a component of GD  600 . The RNG  635  (as well as any other random number generator described herein), in accordance with at least one embodiment, may generate data representing random or pseudo-random values (referred to as “random numbers” herein). The RNG  635  may generate a random number every predetermined unit of time (e.g., every second) or in response to an initiation of a game on the gaming device. In the former embodiment, the generated random numbers may be used as they are generated (e.g., the random number generated at substantially the time of game initiation is used for that game) and/or stored for future use. 
     A RNG, as used herein, may be embodied as a processor separate from but working in cooperation with processor  605 . Alternatively, a RNG may be embodied as an algorithm, program component, or software stored in the memory of a GD or other device and used to generate a random number. 
     Note that, although the generation or obtainment of a random number is described herein as involving a RNG of a GD, other methods of determining a random number may be employed. For example, a GD owner or operator may obtain sets of random numbers that have been generated by another entity. HotBits™, for example, is a service that provides random numbers that have been generated by timing successive pairs of radioactive decays detected by a Geiger-Muller tube interfaced to a computer. A blower mechanism that uses physical balls with numbers thereon may be used to determine a random number by randomly selecting one of the balls and determining the number thereof. 
     The processor  605  is also operable to communicate with a benefit output device  640 , which may be a component of GD  600 . The benefit output device  640  may comprise one or more devices for outputting a benefit to a player of GD  600 . For example, in one embodiment, GD  600  may provide coins and/or tokens as a benefit. In such an embodiment the benefit output device  640  may comprise a hopper and hopper controller, for dispensing coins and/or tokens into a coin tray of GD  600 . 
     In another example, GD  600  may provide a receipt or other document on which there is printed an indication of a benefit or other information (e.g., a cashless gaming receipt that has printed thereon a monetary value, which is redeemable for cash in the amount of the monetary value, a check cashable for monetary value, etc.). In such an embodiment, the benefit output device  640  may comprise a printing and document dispensing mechanism. In yet another example, GD  600  may provide electronic credits as a benefit (which, e.g., may be subsequently converted to coins and/or tokens and dispensed from a hopper into a coin tray). In such an embodiment, the benefit output device  640  may comprise a credit meter balance and/or a processor that manages the amount of electronic credits that is indicated on a display of a credit meter balance. The processor may be the processor  605  or another processor. In yet another example, GD  600  may credit a monetary amount to a financial account associated with a player as a benefit provided to a player. The financial account may be, for example, a credit card account, a debit account, a charge account, a checking account, and/or a casino account. In such an embodiment the benefit output device  640  may comprise a device for communicating with a server on which the financial account is maintained. 
     Note that, in one or more embodiments, GD  600  may include more than one benefit output device  640  even though only one benefit output device is illustrated in  FIG. 6 . For example, GD  600  may include both a hopper and hopper controller combination and a credit meter balance. Such a GD may be operable to provide more than one type of benefit to a player of the GD. A single benefit output device  640  may be operable to output more than one type of benefit. For example, a benefit output device  640  may be operable to increase the balance of credits in a credit meter and communicate with a remote device in order to increase the balance of a financial account associated with a player. 
     The processor  605  is also operable to communicate with a display device  645 , which may be a component of GD  600 . The display device  645  may comprise, for example, one or more display screens or areas for outputting information related to game play on the gaming device, such as a cathode ray tube (CRT) monitor, liquid crystal display (LCD) screen, or light emitting diode (LED) screen. 
     In one or more embodiments, GD  600  may comprise more than one display device  645 . For example, GD  600  may comprise an LCD display for displaying electronic reels and a display device that comprises a viewing window behind which are located mechanical reels and which displays the rotation of the mechanical reels during game play. In one embodiment, a display device  645  may be operable to display a message to a player. In one embodiment, a display device may be operable to display a menu to a player and/or casino attendant, the menu for inputting parameter values defining a session or plurality of outcomes to be generated by the gaming device. An example of such a menu is described below with respect to  FIG. 27 . 
     The processor  605  may also be in communication with one or more other devices besides the display device  645 , for outputting information (e.g., to a player or another device). Such other one or more output devices may also be components of GD  600 . Such other one or more output devices may comprise, for example, an audio speaker (e.g., for outputting a message to a player, in addition to or in lieu of such a message being output via a display device  645 ), an infra-red transmitter, a radio transmitter, an electric motor, a printer (e.g., such as for printing cashless gaming vouchers), a coupon or product dispenser, an infra-red port (e.g., for communicating with a second GD or a portable device of a player), a Braille computer monitor, and a coin or bill dispenser. For certain types of GDs, common output devices include a CRT monitor on a video poker machine, a bell (e.g., that rings when a player wins), an LED display of a player&#39;s credit balance, an LCD display of a PDA for displaying keno numbers. 
     The display device  645  may comprise, for example, one or more distinct display areas and/or one or more distinct display devices. For example, one of the display areas may display outcomes of games played on the GD (e.g., electronic reels of a gaming device). Another of the display areas may display rules for playing a game of the GD. Yet another of the display areas may display the benefits obtainable by playing a game of the GD (e.g., in the form of a payout table). Yet another of the display areas may display messages to the player (e.g., messages advertising the availability of a DVD featuring outcomes of a game currently being played by a player) and/or a casino attendant. For example, a message may indicate a summary of at least some session information regarding a session that has been executed on the GD. In one or more embodiments, GD  600  may include more than one display device, one or more other output devices, or a combination thereof (e.g., two display devices and two audio speakers). 
     The processor  605  is also operable to communicate with an input device  650 , which is a device that is capable of receiving an input (e.g., from a player, casino personnel or a device) and which may be a component of GD  600 . An input device may communicate with or be part of another device (e.g. a CS  305 , AS  310 , POS  320 , CPD  325 , another GD, etc.). Some examples of input devices include: a bar-code scanner, a magnetic stripe reader, a computer keyboard or keypad, a button (e.g., mechanical, electromechanical or “soft”, as in a portion of a touch-screen), a handle, a keypad, a touch-screen, a microphone, an infrared sensor, a voice recognition module, a coin or bill acceptor, a sonic ranger, a computer port, a video camera, a motion detector, a digital camera, a network card, a USB port, a GPS receiver, a RFID receiver, an RF receiver, a thermometer, a pressure sensor, an infrared port (e.g., for receiving communications from with a second gaming device or a another device such as a smart card or PDA of a player), and a weight scale. For certain types of GDs, common input devices include a button or touch screen on a video poker machine, a lever or handle connected to the GD, a magnetic stripe reader to read a player tracking card inserted into a GD, a touch screen for input of player selections during game play, and a coin and bill acceptor. Input device  650  may comprise any of the above-described input devices or any combination thereof (i.e., input device  650  may comprise more than one input device). 
     In some embodiments, a GD  600  may comprise components capable of facilitating both input and output functions (i.e., input/output devices). In one example, a touch-sensitive display screen comprises an input/output device (e.g., the device outputs graphics and receives selections from players). In another example, processor  605  may communicate with a “ticket-in/ticket-out” device configured to dispense and receive cash-out tickets. Such a device may also assist in (e.g., provide data so as to facilitate) various accounting functions (e.g., ticket validation and redemption). For example, any or all of a GD, POS, kiosk and CPD maintained at a cashier cage may (i) comprise such a benefit input/output device, and/or (ii) communicate with a central server (e.g., CS  305 ) that manages the accounting associated with such ticket-in/ticket-out transactions (e.g., so as to track the issuance, redemption and expiration of such tickets). One example of ticket-in/ticket-out technology that may be adapted or utilized to implement embodiments described herein is the EZ Pay™ system, is manufactured by International Gaming Technology, headquartered in Reno, Nev. 
     Of course, as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, GD  600  may comprise various combinations of any or all of the component devices described herein. For example, in one or more embodiments, the gaming device may include more than one display device, one or more other output devices, several input devices, and so on (e.g., two display screens, two audio speakers, a headset, a ticket-in/ticket-out device and several buttons). Further, GD  600  may include additional or different components from those described herein. 
     The processor  605  is further operable to communicate with a payment system  655 , which may be a component of GD  600 . The payment system  655  is a device capable of accepting payment from a player (e.g., a bet or initiation of a balance) and/or providing payment to a player (e.g., a payout). Payment is not limited to currency, but may also include other types of consideration, including products, services, and alternate currencies. Payment system  655  may be considered to be an example of an input device  650  and/or an example of a benefit output device  640  in some embodiments. 
     Exemplary methods of accepting payment by the payment system  655  include (i) receiving hard currency (i.e., coins or bills), and accordingly the payment system  655  may comprise a coin or bill acceptor; (ii) receiving an alternate currency (e.g., a paper cashless gaming voucher, a coupon, a non-negotiable token), and accordingly the payment system  655  may comprise a bar code reader or other sensing means; (iii) receiving a payment identifier (e.g., a credit card number, a debit card number, a player tracking card number) and debiting the account identified by the payment identifier; and (iv) determining that a player has performed a value-added activity. 
     Processor  605  is further operable to communicate with a player tracking device  660 , which may be a component of GD  600 . Player tracking device  660  may, in some embodiments, be considered an example of an input device  650  and/or an example of a payment system  655  (e.g., in embodiments in which a player provides a payment by providing a player identifier that also functions as a monetary account identifier). Player tracking device  660  may, in one or more embodiments, comprise a reader device operable to read information from and/or write information to a card such as a smart card and/or a player tracking card, such that (i) players may be identified, and (ii) various data associated with players may then be determined. For example, previous wagering, coin-in and/or cash-out behaviors previously engaged in by the player may be determined based on information associated with the player identifier. In another example, previous strategies employed in a video poker game may be similarly determined. In yet another example, DVDs previously purchased by a player may be determined (e.g., for purposes of providing a player a payment associated with the DVD). Similarly, a number of cashable credits available to the player may be determined, a number of promotional credits that may not be redeemed for cash but that are associated with the player may be determined, a code or other indication of a benefit to be provided to the player may be determined, a number of accumulated loyalty points associated with the player may be determined, a number of accumulated game elements such as symbols, cards or hands associated with the player may be determined, etc. 
     In one example, a card reader device comprising a player tracking device  660  may determine an identifier associated with a player (e.g., by reading a player tracking card comprising an encoded version of the identifier), such that the gaming device may then access data (e.g., of a player database, a session database) associated with the player. In another example, a smart card reader device may determine data associated with a player directly by accessing a memory of an inserted smart card. 
     Although not illustrated herein, a player database may be used, for example, to store player wager data (e.g., such that players wagering over a given threshold in a given amount of time may be rewarded for their patronage, qualify for certain features, be identified as a potential problem gambler, and so on). The player database may also contain other information that may be useful in, for example, promoting and managing player behaviors (e.g., information about the player&#39;s gaming preferences, lodging arrangements, and the like). Further, the player database may store data regarding a given player&#39;s standing in a game session and/or a bonus game. A player database may also store information regarding DVDs previously purchased, ordered and/or redeemed by a player. Such player data may be stored in a relational database and retrieved or otherwise accessed by the processor after receiving a “key” data point from the player, such as a unique identifier read from the player&#39;s player tracking card or cashout ticket. 
     In one embodiment, the player tracking device  660  may comprise (i) a card reader (e.g., a port into which player tracking cards may be inserted), (ii) various input devices (e.g., a keypad, a touch-screen), (iii) various output devices (e.g., a small, full-color display screen), and/or (iv) combinations thereof (e.g., a touch-sensitive display screen that accommodates both input and output functions). Various commercially available devices may be suitable for such an application, such as the NextGen™ interactive player tracking panel manufactured by IGT™ or the iVIEW™ display screen manufactured by Bally Gaming and Systems™. 
     As known in the art, “smart cards” may incorporate (i) a memory, and (ii) means for accessing such a memory. For example, in one embodiment, the memory may store data related to embodiments of the present invention. In one embodiment, data may be written to the smart card as a player plays one or more GDs (e.g., such that various data may be updated on a continuous, periodic or event-triggered bases). Accordingly, in one or more embodiments one or more devices operable to carry out various processes of the present invention (e.g., a GD  600 , CS  305  and/or AS  310 ) may have associated therewith a smart card reader device, such that data may be read from the smart card pursuant to the execution of such processes. An example of a smart card system that may be used to implement one or more embodiments of the present invention is the s-Choice™ Smart Card Casino Management System from Smart Card Integrators, Inc.™. 
     Of course, other non-card-based methods of identifying players are contemplated. For example, a unique identification code may be associated with the player. The player may then be identified upon entering the code. For example, the code may be stored (e.g., within a database maintained within a GD  600  and/or CS  305 ) such that the player may enter the code using an input device of a GD, and accordingly allow the player to be uniquely identified. In other embodiments, player biometrics may serve as identification means (e.g., a player is identified via a thumbprint or retinal scan of the player). In further embodiments, a barcode of a cashless gaming ticket may encode a player identifier. 
     Thus, as described, various data associated with a player may be tracked and stored (e.g., in an appropriate record of a centrally-maintained database), such that it may be accessed as desired. Further, various statistics may be measured in association with a player (e.g., coin-in statistics, win/loss statistics, buy-in amount for a play session) and similarly accessed. 
     Various systems for facilitating such monitoring of player behavior and activity are contemplated. For example, a two-wire system such as one offered by IGT™ may be used. Similarly, a protocol such as the IGT™ SAS™ protocol or the IGT™ SuperSAS™ protocol may be used. The SAS™ protocol and the SuperSAS™ protocol each allows for communication between gaming machines and slot accounting systems and provides a secure method of communicating all necessary data supplied by the gaming device to the online monitoring system. One aspect of the SAS™ protocol and the SuperSAS™ protocol that may be beneficial in implementing aspects of the present invention is the authentication function which allows operators and regulators to remotely interrogate gaming devices for important memory verification information, for both game programs, and peripheral devices. In another example, a one-wire system such as the OASIS™ System offered by Aristocrat Technologies™ or the SDS™ slot-floor monitoring system offered by Bally Gaming and Systems™ may be used. Each of the systems described above is an integrated information system that (e.g., continually) monitors slot machines and customer gaming activity. Thus, for example, any one of these systems may be used to monitor a player&#39;s gaming activity in order to determine player outcomes, buy-in amounts, coin-in statistics, win/loss statistics and/or any other data deemed relevant. 
     In one embodiment, a player may operate a plurality of GDs. For example, a player may simultaneously play two side-by-side GDs, a player may play one GD and then continue his gaming session at another GD, and a player may remotely operate a GD, possibly by using a telephone, PDA or other device (i) to transmit commands (directly or indirectly) to the GD, such as wager amounts and commands to select certain cards; and/or (ii) to receive output (directly or indirectly) from the GD. 
     In one embodiment, a GD may allow a player to play a game of skill rather than a game of chance. Such an embodiment may be more appealing to certain players or may be permitted in areas where it is illegal to gamble on games of chance. 
     In one embodiment, GD  600  may be operable to facilitate downloadable games such that games available for play on GD  600  may be stored on a server device (e.g., CS  305  or another device) and downloaded to the GD  600 . In one embodiment, software components of GD  600  may be remotely modified and/or updated by another device (e.g., CS  305  or another device). For example, a payout or probability table stored in the memory of GD  600  may be altered, modified or updated remotely, hot fixes may be applied to software stored by GD  600  and/or new versions of software may be downloaded to GD  600 . Similarly, GD  600  may be programmed to retrieve any or all such updates from another device, as appropriate and preferred. Any of the above (e.g., downloading of a game, updating of software, modification of a payout or probability table) may occur, for example, based upon an occurrence of an event (e.g., a scheduled event), an indication being received from qualified casino personnel or other personnel (e.g., a regulator), and/or upon a request from a player. In one embodiment, GD  600  may comprise a thin client device controlled be a server device (e.g., CS  305  or another device). 
     In one or more embodiments, aspects of the present invention, such as generating a plurality of outcomes for storage on a DVD, may be practiced by replacing and/or augmenting one or more components (e.g., hardware and/or software components) of an existing GD. Thus, in one or more embodiments, embodiments may be applied as a retrofit or upgrade to existing GDs currently available for play within various casinos. 
     For example, a memory (e.g., computer chip) of GD  600  may be replaced or added, the replacement or additional memory storing a program for instructing the processor of GD  600  to operate in accordance with one or more embodiments. In another example, data output via GD  600  (e.g., graphical and/or textual data displayed on GD  600 ) may be replaced or added, the replacement or additional data indicating to a player information relevant to one or more aspects of the present invention. 
     In a specific example, GD  600  may comprise various electronic components mounted to one or more printed circuit boards (PCBs). Such components may include various hardware described herein, such as a communications port and various controllers of peripheral devices (e.g., a display controller), as well as a memory for storing programming instructions (software) and a processor for carrying out such instructions. Forms of memory that may be found in a gaming device include electronically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) and flash memory. Thus, in one or more embodiments of the present invention, an EPROM storing software with instructions for carrying out aspects of the present invention (as well as instructions for carrying out other functions traditionally performed by the GD) may replace an EPROM previously installed in GD  600  or may be reprogrammed in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein, such that GD  600  may be configured to operate in accordance with various processes (or portions thereof) described herein. 
     For example, a “DVD outcome generation” module may be made available for purchase to various casino operators. The module, which may comprise various hardware and software (e.g., an EEPROM storing software instructions), may be installed in an existing GD (e.g., a video-reel slot machine, a video poker machine, etc.), such that when the module is installed, players of the device may elect (i) to play the GD in a manner that does not incorporate embodiments described herein, or (ii) to play the GD in a manner that incorporates embodiments described herein (e.g., input a request for a plurality of outcomes to be generated and stored on a DVD, for future viewing at a remote location). 
     Similarly, in addition to or in lieu of a player being able to select a mode of operation of the GD, in some embodiments a casino operator may be able to do so. For example, a casino operator or other entity may be able to select whether the GD is to operate in a conventional mode or in a “DVD outcome generation” mode. 
     Accordingly, a GD may be configured to allow a player, casino operator or other entity to select one of at least two “modes” of the GD and to enable the selected mode. If a “standard” mode is selected, the GD may be configured to operate in a manner similar to how it operated before the installation of the module (e.g., the GD operates in a conventional manner, such that embodiments described herein may not be utilized). If a “DVD outcome generation” mode is selected, the gaming device may then be operable to execute game play in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein. 
     In one example of allowing an entity to select one or more modes, a touch-sensitive display screen may be configured to output a prompt to select a mode of operation. Such a prompt may be output in occurrence to various trigger conditions (e.g., coins, bills or tickets are inserted; a credit balance increases from zero to some other number; a player presses a “play” button; a motion, weight, infrared or other sensor detects the presence of a player; the gaming device being turned on, initiated, re-configured and/or rebooted, etc.). Accordingly, an entity may select a mode of operation (e.g., by pressing an appropriately labeled icon of a touch-sensitive display screen), and upon receiving the entity&#39;s selection, the GD may be configured to operate in the selected mode. 
     In another embodiment, a GD may be operable to automatically determine whether it should switch modes from a standard mode to a “DVD outcome generation” mode. A GD may perform such a determination, for example, by evaluating data received from a player and/or another device and/or by querying another device. For example, a GD may be operable to enter a “DVD outcome generation mode” upon an occurrence of one or more predetermined events and/or upon determining that one or more predetermined conditions have been satisfied. For example, a GD may be operable to enter a “GD outcome generation mode” upon an occurrence of a predetermined time, if the GD is idle during that time (e.g., between 2 am and 7 am) and/or upon being directed to do so by another device (e.g., by CS  305 ). 
     In one embodiment, a GD may be operable to output an indication that it is currently in “DVD outcome generation” mode (e.g., to inform a player that outcomes currently being generated by a gaming device are for a DVD to be made available for sale or a DVD that has been requested). For example, the GD may turn on or change a color of a light, change graphics, output a sound, etc. 
     In other embodiments, as described herein, a peripheral device may be useful for implementing one or more embodiments of the present invention into the operation of a GD. For example, in order to avoid or minimize the necessity of modifying or replacing a program already stored in a memory of a GD, an external or internal module that comprises a peripheral device may be inserted in, connected to or otherwise associated with the GD. Such a peripheral device may be operable to, for example, monitor and/or transmit information about the gaming device to another device (e.g., CS  305 ). 
     In still further embodiments, rather than (or in addition to) configuring a GD to execute embodiments described herein by physically installing or connecting new hardware and/or software, software may be downloaded into an existing memory of one or more GDs. U.S. Pat. No. 6,805,634 to Wells et al. teaches methods for downloading data to GDs in such a manner. The entirety of U.S. Pat. No. 6,805,634 is incorporated by reference herein for all purposes. Thus, in some embodiments, a GD may be reprogrammed to accommodate new functionality of the present invention without the need, or by minimizing the need, to remove and replace hardware within the GD. 
     In some embodiments, a GD comprises a “simplified gaming device” or SGD. An SGD, as the term is used herein, may comprise a device operable to generate an outcome based on a random number but that is not designed to be located on a casino floor for interaction with a player. For example, an SGD may be programmed to perform functions different from that of a more conventional type of GD and/or to not perform some of the functions conventionally performed by a GD (e.g., display an indication of an outcome determined based on a random number). Further, a SGD may include components different from those normally included in a more conventional type of GD and/or fewer such components. For example, in some embodiments an SGD may not include a benefit output device  640  and/or player tracking device  660 . For example, in some embodiments Applicants envision that a plurality of outcomes for storage and sale via a DVD may be generated by a SGD that comprises a processor running in conjunction with an emulator of a wagering game, the SGD being located in a location other than a casino floor frequented by players. Such an SGD may not, for example, include a cabinet designed to attract a player and may not be operable to output coins, tokens or other benefits. Such an SGD may, however, be programmed to generate a large number of outcomes (e.g., substantially simultaneously) without displaying any of the outcomes so generated, which is unlike a conventional type of gaming device. 
     3. Databases 
     Various databases that may be useful in one or more embodiments will now be described. Example structures and sample contents of various databases are shown in  FIGS. 7 through 18 , respectively. The specific data and fields illustrated in these drawings represent only some embodiments of the records stored in the databases described herein. The data and fields of these databases can be readily modified, for example, to include more or fewer data fields. A single database also may be employed to combine one or more of these databases. Note that in the databases, a different reference numeral is employed to identify each field of each database. However, in at least one embodiment, fields that are similarly named (e.g., session identifier fields) may store similar or the same data in a similar or in the same data format. 
     As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the schematic illustrations and accompanying descriptions of the sample databases presented herein are exemplary arrangements for stored representations of information. Any number of other arrangements may be employed besides those suggested by the tables shown. For example, even though ten (10) separate databases are illustrated, the embodiments described herein could be practiced effectively using fewer or more functionally equivalent databases. Similarly, the illustrated entries of the databases represent exemplary information only; those skilled in the art will understand that the number and content of the entries can be different from those illustrated herein. Further, despite the depiction of the databases as tables, an object-based model could be used to store and manipulate the data types of one or more embodiments and likewise, object methods or behaviors can be used to implement the processes of one or more embodiments. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 7 , illustrated therein is a tabular representation  700  of an embodiment of a record of session database  425 , such as may be stored in a memory of CS  400  and/or a memory of another device. Tabular representation  700  is referred to herein as session database record  700 . 
     Session database record  700  includes a number of example records or entries, including entries R 700 - 1  through R 700 - 9 , each defining a game play of a particular session. Those skilled in the art will understand that the record  700  may include any number of entries. 
     The session database record  700  also defines a number of fields. The fields specify: (i) a unique session identifier  705 ; (ii) a wager amount per game play  710  (e.g., a specific wager per game play wherein the wager is the same for each game play of the session, an average wager per game play, etc.); (iii) a game  715  that specifies a game for which the game plays of the session are conducted; (iv) a session duration  720  that defines a duration of the session or an end event that causes the session to end; (v) a price  725  to be paid in exchange for the game plays of the session; (vi) a final session balance  730  that may comprise an indication of a number of credits or monetary value of a credit meter balance upon completion of a session (also referred to as an end credit meter balance herein); (vii) a game play number  735  that identifies each particular game play of the session; (ix) a wager  740  that was posted for each particular game play (if the wager per game play does not vary, this field may be omitted in light of field  710 ); (x) an indicia  745  that is determined as a result of each game play; (xi) an indicia identifier  750  that identifies (e.g., uniquely) the indicia of field  745  (alternatively, this may be an outcome identifier); and (xii) a payout  755  that corresponds to a benefit, prize or monetary value won as a result of a corresponding game play. 
     In one embodiment, a session identifier may comprise indications of various session result data. For example, an indication of a payout amount, outcome identifier, wager amount, game play number, session identifier and/or other information related to a session may be included in or discernable from a session identifier. For example, a session result identifier “01927-012-01-25-000001-0” may indicate that a first game play of contract “01927” occurred on GD “012” with a wager amount of “25,” yielding an outcome of “000001” and a payout of “0”). 
     It should be noted, with respect to fields  745  and  750 , that the indicia and indicia identifier may correspond to indicia determined by a GD based on a random number determined for the corresponding game play (e.g., using a payout table such as the one illustrated in  FIG. 16 ). For example, the record  700  may be populated by a GD  600  and/or CS  400  based on the outcome determined for each game play of a session. In other embodiments, the indicia in field  745  and indicia identifier  750  may correspond to indicia determined for a representative outcome, as determined by a device other than a GD (e.g., as determined by AS  310 ). For example, the session database record  700  may be utilized by AS  310  to store the indicia determined for each game play of a session based on an indication of a plurality of outcomes (e.g., an indication of a result of a session) received by AS  310 ). In some embodiments, both an indication of indicia of an actual outcome and an indication of indicia of a representative outcome may be stored for a particular game play. 
     It should further be understood that the payout of field  755  may comprise a payout as determined by a GD based on a random number. For example, the record  700  may be populated based on the payouts as determined by the GD. It should be noted that, in some embodiments, a video presentation of payouts may be created based on the data in record  700 . In such embodiments, the order in which payouts are presented via the video presentation may differ from the order in which the payouts are stored in record  700  and/or the order in which the payouts were determined by a GD. 
     In some embodiments, the payout field  755  may store payouts as determined by another device (e.g., AS  310 ) based on an indication of a plurality of outcomes (e.g., based on an indication of a result of a session). For example, as described in detail herein, in some embodiments AS  310  may receive an indication of (i) a beginning credit meter balance for a session; (ii) an ending credit meter balance for the session; (iii) an indication of wagers posted for the session; and (iv) a number of game plays comprising the session. The AS  310  may then determine a plurality of payouts and, in some embodiments, the order in which the payouts are to be presented via a video presentation, based on such data. Accordingly, in such embodiments AS  310  may utilize session database record  700  to store the determined payouts and/or the order of the payouts as they are to be presented via a video presentation. 
     It should be understood that a payout field in any of the databases described herein may store a value of a payout amount corresponding to a particular outcome and it may be stored in any form practicable and desirable. For example, a payout value may be represented as a number of credits. Alternatively, a payout value may be stored to represent a dollar value. 
     Accordingly, it should be understood that in various embodiments the session database record  700  may be populated by a GD, a CS and/or a AS. Further, it should be understood that in various embodiments the record  700  may be utilized by a GD, CS and/or AS for different purposes. For example, a GD and/or CS may utilize record  700  to store an actual outcome of each game play of a session. In another example, an AS may utilize record  700  to store representative outcomes determined for a session. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 8 , illustrated therein is a tabular representation  800  of an example embodiment of gaming device database  430 , as it may be stored in a memory of CS  400  and/or a memory of another device. Tabular representation  800  is referred to herein as GD database  800 . 
     The GD database  800  includes a number of example records or entries, including records R 800 - 1  through R 800 - n , each defining a gaming device that may be in communication (e.g., over a LAN or WAN) with CS  305  or otherwise available for embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that the GD database  800  may include any number of entries. The GD database  800  also defines fields for each of the entries or records. The fields specify: (i) a gaming device identifier  805  that uniquely identifies a particular gaming device (e.g., uniquely identifies a particular slot machine on a casino floor or a PC communicating with an online casino), (ii) a gaming device type  810  that stores a description or designation of the type of gaming device, (iii) a gaming device status  815  that stores an indication of the corresponding gaming device (e.g., whether the gaming device is currently being used or not, whether the gaming device is off-line or on-line, whether the gaming device is available to generate outcomes for a DVD, etc.); and (iv) available games  820  that stores an indication of the one or more games the corresponding gaming device is operable to facilitate or run. It should be noted that, as with any database described herein, any and all of the information stored in a field of the database may be stored in machine-readable format and/or human-readable format (which, in certain circumstances, may be the same format). 
     The GD database  800  may be used, for example, to communicate with one or more GDs and to identify a GD that data is being transmitted to or received from (e.g., based on the GD identifier). In one embodiment, the GD database  800  may be used to select a particular GD, in order to direct the GD to generate a plurality of outcomes for a DVD. Such a selection may be made, for example, based on a type of GD desired (e.g., five reeled slot machine or video poker machine), a current status of the GD (e.g., currently inactive but turned on and operational), and/or the games available on the GD. Of course, information in addition to or different from that illustrated in GD database  800  may be stored in a GD database. For example, a location of a GD (e.g., to allow a casino employee to find the GD), an address for electronically communicating with the GD may be stored (e.g., for use in directing the GD to perform certain functions) and/or a manufacturer of the GD may be stored. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 9 , illustrated therein is a tabular representation  900  of an example embodiment of an active sessions database  435  (e.g., such as one that may be stored in a memory of a CS  400  or a memory of another device). Tabular representation  900  is referred to herein as active sessions database  900 . 
     The active sessions database  900  includes a number of example records or entries, including records R 900 - 1  through R 900 - 4 , each defining a session that is currently active (e.g., is in the process of being executed or has been scheduled to be executed). Those skilled in the art will understand that the active sessions database  900  may include any number of entries. The active sessions database  900  also defines fields for each of the entries or records. The fields specify: (i) a session identifier  905  that uniquely identifies a session; (ii) a GD identifier  910  that identifies a GD or type of GD on which the session is to be executed (which, in some embodiments, may include a plurality of GDs or types of GDs); (iii) a game type identifier  915  that identifies the game for which the outcomes of the session are to be determined; (iv) a wager per game play  920 ; (v) active payout combinations  925 ; (iv) a number of game plays remaining  930  (which may, in other embodiments, store another indication of a remaining duration of the corresponding session); and (v) a time remaining  935  that stores an indication (e.g., estimate) of how much time remains before the session is completely executed. 
     The active sessions database  900  may be utilized, for example, to track information about sessions that have begun to be executed and/or that are scheduled to be executed on a GD. For example, a GD or CS may use such a database to track an indication of results of a session. Once the session has been completed, the GD or CS may then communicate the indication to an AS. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 10 , illustrated therein is a tabular representation  1000  of an example embodiment of an available DVDs database  440  (e.g., as it may be stored in a memory of a CS  400  and/or in a memory of another device). Tabular representation  1000  is referred to herein as available DVDs database  1000 . 
     The available DVDs database  1000  includes a number of example records or entries, including records R 1000 - 1  through R 1000 - 5 , each defining a DVD that is available for purchase or that was available for purchase. Those skilled in the art will understand that the available DVDs database  1000  may include any number of entries. The available DVDs database  1000  also defines fields for each of the entries or records. The fields specify: (i) a disc identifier  1005  that uniquely identifies a DVD; (ii) a redemption value  1010  that indicates a payment that may be provided to a player who purchases the corresponding DVD, upon redemption of the DVD; (iii) a price  1015  to be paid by a player for the DVD; (iv) a date sold  1017  that indicates a date and/or time on which the corresponding DVD was sold; (v) an activation code  1020  that may be provided, in some embodiments, to a player upon the player purchasing the DVD; (vi) a player identifier  1025  that identifies a player who purchases the corresponding DVD (in some embodiments DVDs may be purchased anonymously and this information may not be stored); and (vii) a status  1030  of the DVD (e.g., an indication of whether the DVD is “available” for purchase or otherwise available to be provided to a player, has been “purchased” or otherwise provided to a player, or has been “redeemed” such that the redemption value of the DVD, if any, has been provided to a player). 
     The available DVDs database  1000  may be utilized, for example, to track DVDs available for purchase at a casino. For example, as a DVD is provided by AS  310  or otherwise made available for sale or other provision to a player, a new record may be created in the database based on the unique DVD identifier of the DVD. The redemption value associated with the DVD may also be recorded in the newly created record (e.g., the redemption value that corresponds to the DVD identifier may be received from AS  310 ). The status of the DVD may be set to “available.” 
     In one embodiment, the available DVDs database  1000  may be utilized again when a player requests to purchase a DVD. For example, the database may be queried based on the DVD identifier on the packaging of the DVD that the player desires to purchase. It may be verified that the DVD has not previously been purchased, based on the status  1030  associated with the DVD in the database. Further, an activation code may be determined (e.g., by CS  305 , which may generated or select an activation code for each DVD as it is sold via a POS  320 ) and the activation code may be recorded in the appropriate record of the available DVDs database. For example, POS  320  may communicate with CS  305  in order to determine the activation code and verify that the DVD is available for purchase. 
     It should be noted that an activation code may, in some embodiments, be necessary to activate a DVD (e.g., the player may be required to input the activation code when inserting the DVD into a DVD player). In other embodiments, the activation code may only be necessary for redemption of the DVD but not for viewing the video presentation of the DVD. The activation code may also be printed on a receipt provided to the player for the purchase of the DVD, or otherwise provided to the player upon the DVD being provided to the player in a legitimate manner. 
     The available DVDs database  1000  may be accessed yet again when a player attempts to redeem a DVD (e.g., collect the redemption value associated with the DVD). For example, as described in detail herein (e.g., particularly with reference to  FIG. 24 ), it may be verified that the DVD was legitimately purchased and that the DVD has not previously been redeemed (e.g., the status associated with the DVD is “purchased”). 
     Referring now to  FIG. 11A , illustrated therein is a tabular representation  1100 A of an example embodiment of record of a media file database  525  (e.g., as it may be stored in a memory of AS  500  and/or a memory of another device). Tabular representation  1100 A is referred to herein as media file record  1100 A. 
     The media file record  1100 A includes a number of example entries, including entries R 1100 - 1  through R 1100 - 9 , each defining a media file available for inclusion in a video presentation depicting outcomes for a session. Those skilled in the art will understand that the media file record  1100 A may include any number of entries. The media file record  1100 A also defines fields for each of the entries or records. The fields specify:
         (i) a game  1105 A that indicates a game to which the media files correspond (the identifier may be in an alphanumeric or text form; the identifier may be in machine and/or human readable form; the identifier may comprise a brand name of a game (e.g., IGF™ Double Diamonds™ game) or another identifier that uniquely identifies the game within a system);   (ii) a game type file  1110 A, which stores a media file comprising data indicating a type of game for which the outcomes of a current session were determined (e.g., reeled slot machine vs. draw video poker or 3-reeled slot machine vs. 5-reeled slot machine);   (iii) a game brand file  1115 A, which stores a media file comprising data indicating a brand of the game (e.g., a logo of the manufacturer of the game and/or a logo of the title of the game) for which the outcomes of a current session were determined;   (iv) a casino brand file  1120 A, which stores a media file comprising data indicating a casino at which the outcomes of a current session were determined and/or a casino that ordered the DVD corresponding to the session (e.g., the logo of the casino, an aerial shot of the casino, a drawing or picture of the outside of the casino, etc.);   (v) an outcome identifier  1125 A that uniquely identifies an outcome;   (vi) an outcome  1130 A that describes the set of indicia corresponding to the outcome identifier;   (vii) an outcome media file  1135 A that stores a media file comprising data indicating the outcome corresponding to the outcome identifier (e.g., an animation of the appropriate number of reels starting to spin from a stopped position and stopping to depict the appropriate symbols along a payline, accompanied by appropriate sounds of the slot machine);   (viii) a duration  1140 A that indicates a duration of the corresponding outcome media file.       

     It should be understood that, with respect to fields  1110 A,  1115 A,  1120 A and  1135 A, in one embodiment, the fields may store one or more of (i) the files themselves; (ii) an indication of where a file is stored (e.g., a file path); (iii) video and/or audio data; (iv) a large file name plus start/stop time codes for the file, such that the large file may include indication of a plurality of outcomes and the start/stop times may be used to select the particular portion of the large file that depicts the desired outcome. 
     The term “current session”, as the term is used above with respect to the description of  FIG. 11A , refers to a session for which a video presentation is currently being created based on the information in media file record  1100 A. 
     It should be understood that, in some embodiments, AS  500  may be operable to manufacture multiple video sessions and/or multiple DVDs simultaneously. 
     A media file may comprise graphical and/or audio data. Further, the graphical data may be still and/or animated. 
     The duration  1140 A of a media file may vary from a first outcome to a second outcome. For example, outcomes corresponding to larger payouts may comprise a longer duration that includes a longer pause at the end of an animation showing the reels stopping to display a winning combination of symbols along a payline, to allow a player to enjoy the win and/or to help ensure that the player recognizes the win. 
     The media file record  1100 A may, in some embodiments, include different and/or additional data. For example, a media file depicting the wager amount per game play may be stored. In another example, an indication of the number of frames included in each media file may be stored. 
     The number of frames information may be used, for example, to determine a portion of a media file into which another media file may be overlaid. For example, in some embodiments a changing credit meter balance may be indicated during each represented game play. For example, for a reeled slot machine game, each time an outcome is revealed during the presentation by depicting an animation of reels spinning, a media file comprising a credit meter balance value may be overlaid in a specific portion of each frame, and the credit meter balance may be depicted as changing within a certain number of frames from the beginning of the media file depicting the spinning reels. For example, assuming a media file depicting the spinning reels is 900 frames long, at the 50th frame, an overlay of the credit meter balance graphic may be depicted as decreasing due to the wager posted for the game play and, during the 800th frame, the overlay of the credit meter balance graphic may be depicted as increasing due to a payout won, if any, as a result of the game play. Accordingly, a program for creating the video presentation may be programmed to overlay certain graphics at certain frames of a media file. 
     The media file record  1100 A may be accessed, for example, by AS  500  to select media files to include in a video presentation. For example, in one embodiment AS  500  may access the record  1100 A and select media files based on session result information for a particular session received from CS  305  or another device. For example, the AS  500  may determine, from the session result information, the game for which outcomes comprising the session were determined. The AS  500  may thus select the appropriate record of a media file database based on the game (i.e., in some embodiments each record may correspond to a different game). The AS  500  may then create a video presentation by putting together the following media files in the following order: (i) the game type file; (ii) the game brand file; (iii) the casino brand file; (iv) the appropriate outcome media files, selected based on the outcomes determined for the session and put together in an appropriate order. The outcomes depicted in the outcome media files may be referred to as the representative outcomes for the session. 
     With respect to item (iv), as described in detail herein, in some embodiments the outcomes for the session may be selected by AS  500  based on session result information or an indication of a plurality of outcomes determined for the session. Similarly, in some embodiments the order of the outcomes may be selected by AS  500 . Accordingly, AS  500  may perform a routine for selecting the outcomes (e.g., outcome identifiers) and order thereof prior to accessing the media files database. In other embodiments, the outcomes and/or order thereof may be determined by another device (e.g., CS  305  or GD  315 ). In such embodiments, AS  500  may access the media files database to select the appropriate outcome media files and the order in which they should be put together in the video presentation based on the received information that indicates the particular outcomes and particular order thereof. 
     In some embodiments, media files of additional information may be stored in media file record  1100 A. For example, a media file depicting a payout schedule active for a current session may be stored. In another example, a message congratulating a player on obtaining a particularly large payout (e.g., a payout greater than 100 credits) may be depicted in a media file. Accordingly, in some embodiments AS  500  (or another device operable to create a video presentation for a session) may be programmed to select such a media file and place it in the video presentation in an appropriate location (e.g., immediately following a media file depicting the particularly large payout). In some embodiments such messages may be generic such that they are not dependent on the game or game type being played. Accordingly, in such embodiments such messages may be stored in a distinct database that is accessed by AS  500  as appropriate. 
     It should be noted that, in creating a video presentation based on media files, the media files may not necessarily be put together in a sequential order such that only a single media file is depicted at any given time, followed by another media file. The media files may be put together in any manner that is desirable and practicable (e.g., the media files may be overlaid together, merged, depicted simultaneously on a screen, etc.). For example, some media files (e.g., payout schedule media file, casino brand media file, wager per game play media file, game brand media file) may be depicted in one or more frames or portions of frames of one or more media files (e.g., along with each outcome media file). For example, a video presentation may be created such that the casino logo, game logo, credit meter balance graphic and/or a number of spins remaining graphic is always displayed along a portion of the screen as the animation of reels spinning to reveal an outcome is depicted along another portion of the screen. 
     In some embodiments, the overlay of a graphic or first media file onto one or more frames (or portions of a frame) of a second media file may be performed during the production process (e.g., as the video presentation and corresponding DVD are being created). In other embodiments, the appropriate information may be stored on a DVD and an appropriately programmed DVD player in a player&#39;s home may be operable to overlay the information when playing the video presentation. 
     In some embodiments, distinct media files depicting outcomes may be created for each casino or other customer who may order a DVD in accordance with embodiments described herein. For example, a particular outcome for a Double Diamonds™ machine at Stallion casino may be stored in a distinct media file from the same outcome for a Double Diamonds™ machine at the French Riviera™ casino. This may save resources (e.g., time) producing a DVD in that a graphic of the game brand and/or casino need not be overlaid onto each frame or media file depicting an outcome. Rather, the appropriate record for the appropriate combination of game brand and casino may be accessed to determine the media files to be used in creating the video presentation, and the media files may already be customized for the game brand and/or casino. In such embodiments, the game brand file  1215  and/or the casino brand file  1220  may instead be field that include an identifier of a game brand and/or an identifier of a casino brand, for purposes of accessing the appropriate record. 
     In some embodiments, an indication of a payout corresponding to each set of indicia comprising an outcome may also be stored in table  1100 A. In other embodiments, the corresponding payout (e.g., for determined how to adjust a credit meter balance graphic) may be stored in a separate database (e.g., the payout may be determined based on the outcome identifier, wherein the subject database correlates each payout to an outcome identifier). 
     Of course, it should be understood that more than one such media file may be associated with an outcome identifier, and that a variety of such media formats are contemplated. For example, in one embodiment, files indicated and stored by a media file database may be of a format commonly used for storing video on a DVD. Other formats for digitally storing video or audio/video (e.g., MPEG, MPEG2, AVI, MOV, DivX, etc.) are contemplated, as well as other formats for storing audio (e.g., MP3, WAV, etc.). Such media files may comprise video animations, video recordings or any other graphic renderings that otherwise recreate or approximate the entertainment that a GD commonly outputs when communicating game results. For example, if an outcome of a GD is “BELL-BELL-BELL,” a media file corresponding to the outcome (or a plurality of media files that are overlaid, interlaced or otherwise combined to represent the outcome) may comprise a graphic animation of the spinning reels, changes in credit balance and other visuals commonly output by a display screen of the GD, as well as accompanying sound effects. In another example, a media file may comprise a video recording of an actual GD producing such a game result (e.g., a video camera is used to capture the GD outputting such a result). Various combinations and modifications of such embodiments are also contemplated. 
     Additionally, it should be understood that such a media file database may be structured in a variety of manners. For example, rather than storing outcome identifiers and associated media files as records of entry associated with a particular game, outcome identifiers themselves may comprise an embedded indication of a game (e.g., an outcome identifier is “GD-BTO-012-O-000001” or “012-000001,” with “GD-BTO-012” or “012” identifying a game for which the outcome was generated), such that a media file database need not comprise separate entries for each of a plurality of possible games. 
     It should also be noted that in the above-described embodiment, each non-winning outcome is represented by the same outcome identifier (e.g., “BELL-BAR-ORANGE” is the same as “7-BAR-PLUM”). Of course, alternative methods of representing such outcomes are contemplated (e.g., each non-winning outcome and winning outcome is associated with a unique outcome identifier). Further, it should be understood that various “substitute” or “alternate” media files may be used in place of an identified outcome. For example, a database may indicate a number of appropriate media files from which one may be selected randomly (or based on another rule) to represent the identified outcome. 
     In one embodiment, only payout (and, in some embodiments, game play number) information associated with a session may be utilized (e.g., by AS  500 ) in creating a video presentation to be recorded onto a DVD. For example, session result data may indicate only that a first game play yielded a payout of 0 coins, a second game play yielded a payout of 5 coins, and so on. In this manner, AS  500  may select from a variety of appropriate media files (e.g., media files may be archived according to the occurrence of a payout amount that the file represents). Such an embodiment may be beneficial in that, for example, AS  500  may choose one of a variety of different gaming device “skins” or visual motifs when determining a media file associated with an outcome (e.g., AS  500  may select a media file themed after a slot machine a player has indicated a preference for). Such an embodiment is described below with reference to embodiment  1100 B of a media file database. 
     Still further methods of determining media files pursuant to creating a video presentation of session are contemplated. In one embodiment, rather than determine an associated media file based on an outcome identifier or other identifier, AS  500  may simply access, in association with a session, (i) a game play number and (ii) an associated media file. For example, in some embodiments, in outputting session result data (e.g., to a session database  425  and/or to a printed ticket), a GD may simply output (i) a session identifier, (ii) one or more game play numbers, and (iii) one or more associated media files. In this manner, AS  500  may determine which media files are to be used in the creation of a video presentation without, for example, the need access a database such as a media file database  425 . For example, simply by scanning a video ticket, AS  500  may learn which media files are appropriate—and perhaps even the order which they may be assembled, as indicated by a game play number—to create a video presentation associated with a session). 
     In summary, in some embodiments AS  500  (and/or another device) may (i) receive session result data associated with an executed session, and (ii) determine media files based on the session result data. In some embodiments, as a game play number may be associated with an outcome indicated in session result data, an order in which media filed may be assembled to create a video presentation may be determined as well. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 11B , illustrated therein is a tabular representation  1100 B of another example embodiment of media file database  525  (e.g., as it may be stored in a memory of AS  500  and/or a memory of another device). Tabular representation  1100 B is referred to herein as media file record  1100 B. 
     The media file record  1100 B includes a number of example entries, including entries R 1100 - 1  through R 1100 - 9 , each defining a media file available for inclusion in a video presentation depicting outcomes for a session. Those skilled in the art will understand that the media file record  1100 B may include any number of entries. The media file record  1100 B also defines fields for each of the entries or records. The fields specify: (i) a game  1105 A that indicates a game to which the media files correspond (the identifier may be in an alphanumeric or text form; the identifier may be in machine and/or human readable form); (ii) a game type file  1110 A, which stores a media file comprising data indicating a type of game for which the outcomes of a current session were determined; (iii) a game brand file  1115 A, which stores a media file comprising data indicating a brand of the game (e.g., a logo of the manufacturer of the game and/or a logo of the title of the game) for which the outcomes of a current session were determined; (iv) a casino brand file  1120 A, which stores a media file comprising data indicating a casino at which the outcomes of a current session were determined (e.g., the logo of the casino, an aerial shot of the casino, a drawing or picture of the outside of the casino, etc.); (v) a payout  1125 B, which indicates a particular amount of a payout; (vi) a payout media file  1130 B, which stores a media file comprising data indicating the indicia corresponding to the amount of the payout; and (vii) a duration  1135 B that indicates a duration of a corresponding payout media file. 
     Media record  1100 B is included herein to illustrate another embodiment of a media files database, one in which media files are selected based on payout amounts instead of outcome identifiers. For example, AS  500  may perform processes very similar to those described with respect to  FIG. 11A  for creating a video presentation. However, rather than selecting outcome media files based on outcomes and the order thereof determined for a session, AS  500  may instead select payout media files and put them together in a particular order to create a video presentation based on payout data that is determined based on session result data for a particular session. For example, as described in detail herein, in one embodiment AS  500  may receive an indication of (i) a starting credit meter balance for a session, (ii) a wager per game play, (iii) a number of game plays comprising the session, and (iv) an ending credit meter balance for the session. Based on this information, AS  500  may determine the particular payouts, and the order thereof, to be depicted in a video presentation created for the session. The AS  500  may then access record  1100 B and select the appropriate payout media files  1130 B. In another embodiment, AS  500  may receive the information of the particular payouts obtained for a session and, in some embodiments, the order thereof, and may access record  1100 B based on this information. 
     The fields  1105 B through  1120 B, as well as field  1135 B, correspond to the fields of the same name in  FIG. 11A . Accordingly, the descriptions thereof need not be repeated. Similarly, the description of additional and/or different data that may be stored in record  1100 A applies equally to record  1100 B and need not be repeated. 
     Referring to both  FIGS. 11A and 11B , in accordance with some embodiments a device (e.g., AS  500 ) may be operable to create a database of media files for use in creating a video presentation. For example, once certain parameters (e.g., one or more of game type, game brand, casino brand, wager per game play, a payout schedule to be used, etc.) are entered (e.g., by an operator of the device), the device may be operable to
         (i) generate each possible outcome or payout combination (which step may include determined the set of indicia comprising each outcome);   (ii) for each outcome:
           animate the code depicting the outcome;   encode to a specific format desired; and   store the resulting media file to a database (e.g., the database of  FIG. 11A  or  FIG. 11B ).   
               

     In some embodiments, the above process is performed in association with each of the possible outcomes. In other embodiments, each possible outcome is determined once for each of a plurality of possible starting credit meter balances. 
     In some embodiments, the device may further be operable to update a media file database with the location of a particular file created and/or the media file itself if the media file is stored in the database. The device may also be further operable to create audio for each video media file simultaneously with the process described above. In other embodiments, the device (or another device) may be operable to create appropriate audio for a video media file in a separate process. For example, there may be a smaller number of distinct audio files required than there are video files (e.g., each winning outcome, although it depicts different indicia and corresponds to a different payout, may include the same audio file). In some embodiments, the audio is stored (e.g., multiplexed and/or interleaved) with a video file while in other embodiments an audio file and video file are stored as separate files. 
     Once media files have been determined, a video presentation may be created using the media files. Various processes for creating a video presentation based on media files are described herein (e.g., particularly with reference to  FIGS. 17, 20 and 21A and 21B ). For example, in some embodiments, a video presentation may comprise a series of media files (e.g., animations of slot machine reels spinning and accompanying sounds) that a player may view (e.g., in succession or individually). Thus, a player may remotely watch a video presentation of a session, and learn of a plurality of outcomes comprising the session by watching recreations or renderings of the outcomes, though the actual generation of such outcomes may have occurred previously (e.g., in a legal jurisdiction, such as a casino). Referring now to  FIG. 12 , illustrated therein is a tabular representation  1200  of an example embodiment of a record of a session media file database  530  (e.g., as it may be stored in a memory of AS  500  and/or a memory of another device). Tabular representation  1200  is referred to herein as session media file record  1200 . The session media file database may be utilized, for example, to store the media files selected (and, e.g., the order thereof) for a particular session. For example, as AS  500  accesses a record  1100 A or  1100 B to select the media files for a video presentation to be created for a session, AS  500  may create a new record in a session media file database for the session. Then, as AS  500  selects files for the video presentation of the session from the record  1100 A or  1100 B, it may populate the newly created record of the session media file database to store an indication of the media files selected and the order in which these media files are to be put together in the resulting video presentation. 
     The session media file record  1200  includes a number of example entries, including entries R 1200 - 1  through R 1200 - 9 , each defining a media file to be included in a video presentation for a current session. The term “a current session”, as the term is used with respect to  FIG. 12 , refers to the session for which a video presentation is being created and for which media files are being selected. Those skilled in the art will understand that the session media file record  1200  may include any number of entries. The session media file record  1200  also defines fields for each of the entries or records. The fields specify: (i) a session identifier  1205  that uniquely identifies a session; (ii) a media file order indicator  1210  that indicates the order in which the media files selected for the video presentation are to be put together in the video presentation; (iii) a media file  1215 , which stores a media file or an indication of the media file; and (iv) a media file description  1220  that describes what is included in the corresponding media file. 
     As described herein, in some embodiments a video presentation may include content in addition to video/audio representations of outcomes. For example, a video presentation may begin with an animated logo of a game and casino associated with a session based on which the video presentation was created. Accordingly, a media file of the game brand may begin the video presentation (as depicted in entry R 1200 - 1  of record R 1200 ), followed by a media file of the casino logo (as depicted in entry R 1200 - 2  of record R 1200 ). The video presentation may then continue by presenting, in sequential order, a plurality of outcomes (as depicted in entries R 1200 - 3  through R 1200 - 5 ). In some embodiments, a message may be included in the video presentation, in between the depiction of representative outcomes (as depicted in entry R 1200 - 6 ). It should be understood that, although the media files of session S-01927 are depicted as being ordered in sequence, in some embodiments two or more media files or the contents thereof may be presented simultaneously in one or more frames of a video presentation (as described above with reference to  FIG. 11A ). For example, the game and/or casino logo may persist from frame to frame as different representative outcomes are presented during the video presentation. 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 13A-1C , collectively, illustrated therein is a tabular representation  1300  of an example embodiment of a DVD production queue database  535  (e.g., as it may be stored in a memory of AS  500  and/or in the memory of another device). Tabular representation  1300  is referred to herein as DVD production queue database  1300 . 
     The DVD production queue database  1300  includes a number of example records or entries, including records R 1300 - 1  through R 1300 - 3 , each defining a DVD that has been placed in a production queue (e.g., a production queue of AS  500 ). Those skilled in the art will understand that the DVD production queue database  1300  may include any number of records or entries. 
     The DVD production queue database  1300  also defines fields for each of the entries or records. The fields specify:
         (i) an order number  1305  that stores a unique order number identifying the order in which the request for the DVD of the particular record was received (e.g., a casino or other entity may place an order for 1,000 DVDs and each of the DVDs may be associated with the same order number; in another embodiment, each DVD may be associated with a distinct and unique order number);   (ii) a customer identifier  1310  that stores an identifier of a customer who ordered the DVD of the record (e.g., casino, GD manufacturer, player or other entity);   (iii) a disc identifier  1315  that uniquely identifies a DVD of the record;   (iv) a game brand  1320  that stores an indication of the game for which the outcomes to be represented in the video presentation to be recorded on the DVD of the record were determined;   (v) a casino  1325  that identifies the casino associated with the outcomes to be represented in a video presentation to be recorded on the DVD of the record;   (vi) a denomination  1330  of the GD to be represented in a video presentation to be recorded on the DVD of the record;   (vii) a wager per game play  1335  used in generating the outcomes to be represented in a video presentation to be recorded on the DVD of the record;   (viii) a payout schedule identifier  140  that identifies the payout schedule (i.e., active payout combinations) utilized in determining the outcomes to be represented in a video presentation to be recorded on the DVD of the record;   (ix) a number of game plays  1345  to be represented in the video presentation to be recorded on the DVD of the record;   (x) a starting credit meter balance  1350  that indicates the value of the credit meter balance prior to any outcomes being determined for the session to be represented in the video presentation to be recorded on the DVD of the record (which, in some embodiments, may be the price of the DVD);   (xi) an end credit meter balance  1355  that indicates the value of the credit meter balance once the last of the outcomes comprising the session to be represented in the video presentation to be recorded on the DVD of the record has been generated (which, in some embodiments, may be the redemption value of the DVD);   (xii) a session identifier  1360  that uniquely identifies the session to be represented in a video presentation to be recorded on the DVD of the record (which session identifier may be used to access records of other databases, such as a record of a session media files database (an example of which is described with respect to  FIG. 12 ));   (xiii) an order submission time  1365  that indicates a date and/or time at which the order for the DVD of the record was submitted (e.g., received by the AS  500 );   (xiv) a production start time  1370  that indicates a date and/or time at which production of the DVD was begun (in some embodiments, the beginning of the production of the DVD may be considered to be the time at which the video presentation to be recorded on the DVD is begun to be determined (e.g., by selecting appropriate media files to be included on the DVD); in other embodiments this time may be considered to be the time at which the recording of the video presentation onto the DVD is begun, or another event);   (xv) a production step  1  time  1375  that indicates the date and/or time at which a first step of a process to produce or create the DVD of the record was begun (alternatively or additionally, the time at which the first step was completed may be stored);   (xvi) a production step n time  1380  that indicates the date and/or time at which an nth step of a produces to produce or create the DVD of the record was begun (alternatively or additionally, the time at which the nth step was completed may be stored; it should be understood that the number of fields for recording the beginning time of each step in a DVD production process is based on the number of steps included in the process);   (xvii) a production completed time  1385  that indicates the date and/or time at which the production of the DVD was completed (in some embodiments, the completion of production may be considered to be the video presentation being recorded onto the DVD; in other embodiments, the completion of production may be considered to be when the DVD is appropriately packaged and is ready for shipment, or another event);   (xviii) a shipped time  1390  that indicates a date and/or time at which the DVD of the record was shipped (e.g., to the customer indicated in field  1310 ).       

     The DVD production queue database  1300  may be utilized, for example, to track the process of producing each DVD. For example, a new record may be created in the DVD production queue database  1300  upon an order for a DVD being received. For example, an employee associated with AS  500  may enter the information into the database upon receiving an order. In another embodiment, CS  305  or another device may be operable to write data to the DVD production queue database  1300 . A particular record may be updated (e.g., based on the disc identifier and/or session identifier) as the corresponding DVD moves through the production process. Of course, additional and/or different information may be stored in the DVD production queue database  1300 . 
     A DVD may be created using a combination of databases. Example processes for using various databases to create a DVD and track the progress thereof are described in detail herein. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 14 , illustrated therein is a tabular representation  1400  of a record of an example embodiment of an outcome sets database  540  (e.g., as it may be stored in a memory of AS  500  and/or a memory of another device). The tabular representation  1400  is referred to herein as outcome sets database record  1400 . It should be noted that, in the embodiment depicted via  FIG. 14 , a record may be created in an outcome sets database  540  for each desired combination of the following parameters and values thereof (i) a game; (ii) a number of game plays; (iii) a wager per game play. Thus, for example, if a casino or other entity desires to sell, for a given game, (i) some DVDs having 500 outcomes depicted at a wager of $1.00 per game play, (ii) some DVDs having 500 outcomes depicted at a wager of $0.50 per game play, (iii) some DVDs having 1,000 outcomes depicted at a wager of $1.00 per game play, and (iv) some DVDs having 1,000 outcomes depicted at a wager of $0.50 per game play, there may be four distinct records created for the game. Each record corresponds to a unique combination of: (i) game, (ii) number of game plays; and (iii) wager per game play. Of course other parameters may be included in creating such combinations of parameters, such as a particular payout schedule to be used, etc. Varying the number of parameters characterizing a record will affect the number of records that are appropriate for a given game. 
     The outcome sets database  1400  includes a number of example records or entries, including records R 1400 - 1  through R 1400 - n , each defining a plurality of sets of outcomes corresponding to a particular end credit meter balance for a particular combination of game, number of game plays and wager per game play. Those skilled in the art will understand that the outcome sets database  1400  may include any number of records or entries. The outcome sets database  1400  also defines fields for each of the entries or records. The fields specify: (i) a game identifier  1405  that indicates (e.g., in alphanumeric form) a particular game to which the sets of outcomes correspond; (ii) a number of game plays  1410  characterizing a current session (i.e., the session for which a set of outcomes is being determined); (iii) a wager per game play  1415  that indicates the wager posted for each game play of the current session; (iv) a final credit meter balance  1420  that indicates the end credit meter balance of a current session; (v) a first set of outcomes  1425  that corresponds to a particular end credit meter balance; (vi) a second set of outcomes  1430  that corresponds to a particular end credit meter balance; and (vii) an nth set of outcomes  1435  that corresponds to a particular end credit meter balance. It should be understood that any number of sets of outcomes may be used. 
     The database  540  may be used, for example, to determine a set of representative outcomes to be included in a video presentation to be recorded onto a DVD. As described herein, in some embodiments, AS  500  (or another device operable to create a video presentation to be recorded onto a DVD) may receive an indication of a plurality of outcomes comprising a session (i.e., session result data) that includes an indication of (i) the game for which the outcomes of the session were determined; (ii) the number of game plays comprising the session; (iii) the wager per game play; (iv) the end credit meter balance at the completion of the session. Based on such session result data, the AS  500  may determine a set of representative outcomes to be included in a video presentation to be recorded on a DVD, for indicating the session result data to the player in a player friendly format. 
     In one embodiment, selecting the set of representative outcomes may be based on an end credit meter balance of the session. In such an embodiment, the outcome sets database illustrated via record  1400  may be used. For example, for each possible end credit meter balance of a session corresponding to a particular combination of a game, number of game plays and wager per game play, there may be associated several possible sets of outcomes. AS  500  may thus access the appropriate record of the outcome sets database based on the combination of game, number of game plays and wager per game play indicated in the session result data. The AS  500  may then determine the appropriate sets of outcomes based on the end credit meter balance included in the session result data. 
     In some embodiments, the AS  500  may then further select one of the sets of outcomes to include in a video presentation based on a predetermined rule (e.g., randomly, in sequence such that each set of indicia sets is cycled through in an orderly basis, or based on another rule). In one embodiment, each set of outcomes includes an indication of the indicia comprising each outcome and the order in which the outcomes are to be presented. In another embodiment, each set of outcomes includes an indication of the payouts to be represented in the video presentation and the order in which the payouts are to be presented in the video presentation (each payout being presented by presenting a media file depicting the appropriate set of indicia representing the payout). 
     In some embodiments, the AS  500  may, after selecting a set of outcomes from the plurality of sets of outcomes corresponding to a particular end credit meter balance, determine the appropriate media file for each outcome of the set by accessing a media file database. For example, AS  500  may access the media file database of  FIG. 11A  if the outcome set includes a set of outcome identifiers, or the media file database of  FIG. 11B  if the outcome set includes a set of payout identifiers. 
     In some embodiments the media file is searched. If it does not yet exist it is created. After creation, the media file is stored in a manner that allows searching (e.g., a file and a pointer to the file in a database). In this manner, should the same outcome be needed in the future, the system does not need to create the media file yet again. In this manner, the database of prepared media files will grow over time. 
     It should be noted, with respect to each of fields  1425 ,  1430  and  1435 , that although only a few outcomes are illustrated in each set, in practice the number of outcomes may be equal to the number of game plays comprising the session (i.e., if the session comprises 500 game plays, each set of outcomes may comprise 500 outcomes). 
     It should further be noted, also with respect to each of fields  1425 ,  1430  and  1435 , that each set of outcomes corresponding to a particular end credit meter balance may be populated via a program designed to determine an appropriate set of outcomes and corresponding payouts based on the desired combination of parameters (e.g., such as game, number of game plays and wager per game play). Such a program may be run and the sets of outcomes determined for each possible end credit meter balance prior to any DVD being created in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. In other embodiments, such a program may be run in order to determine one or more appropriate sets of outcomes based on the desired combination of parameters once session result data indicating a value for each of the desired parameters is received. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 15 , illustrated therein is a tabular representation  1500  of a probability database  620  (which may be stored in GD  600  or in another device). Tabular representation  1500  is referred to herein as probability database  1500 . It should be noted that, in some embodiments, a plurality of probability databases may be stored and/or used. For example, a first probability database may be used for a first game and a second probability database may be used for a second game. In another example, a first probability database may be used when a GD is operating in a conventional mode (e.g., a player is playing the GD to obtain and view outcomes one-by-one) and a second probability database may be used when a GD is operating in a “session outcome generation mode” (e.g., the GD is generating a plurality of outcomes to be stored on a DVD and sold to a player for remote viewing of the outcomes at a subsequent time). A first probability database may be different from a second probability database, for example, by including (i) more, fewer or different ranges of random numbers; (ii) a shorter or longer total range of available random numbers; and/or (iii) different outcomes. The probability database  1500  is thus an illustration of one example probability database that may be stored for use in some embodiment. 
     Probability database  1500  includes a number of example records or entries, including records R 1500 - 1  through R 1500 - 18 , each defining an outcome available for a game on a gaming device. Those skilled in the art will understand that the probability database  1500  may include any number of entries. The probability database  1500  also defines fields for each of the entries or records. The fields specify: (i) a random number (or range of random numbers)  1505  that may be generated by a random number generator; and (ii) an outcome identifier  1510  that indicates the one or more indicia comprising the outcome that corresponds to the random number or range of random numbers of a particular record. 
     A probability database  1500  may be utilized, for example, to determine what outcome corresponds to a random number generated by a random number generator. For a three-reeled slot machine, for example, the outcomes may comprise the three symbols to be displayed along a payline. Other arrangements of probability databases are possible. For example, the book “Winning At Slot Machines” by Jim Regan (Carol Publishing Group Edition, 1997) illustrates examples of payout and probability tables and how they may be derived. The entirety of this book is incorporated by reference herein for all purposes. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 16 , illustrated therein is a tabular representation  1600  of a payout database  625  that may be stored in a GD  600  or in another device. Tabular representation  1600  is referred to as payout database  1600 . It should be noted that, in some embodiments, a plurality of payout databases may be stored and/or used. For example, a first payout database may be used for a first game and a second payout database may be used for a second game. In another example, a first payout database may be used when a GD is operating in a conventional mode (e.g., a player is playing the GD to obtain and view outcomes one-by-one) and a second payout database may be used when a GD is operating in a “session outcome generation mode” (e.g., the GD is generating a plurality of outcomes to be stored on a DVD and sold to a player for remote viewing of the outcomes at a subsequent time). A first payout database may be different from a second payout database, for example, by including (i) different payouts for the same outcome; (ii) different payout combinations; and/or (iii) different indicia corresponding to a payout. The payout database  1600  is thus an illustration of one example probability database that may be stored for use in some embodiment. 
     Payout database  1600  includes a number of example records or entries, including records R 1600 - 1  through R 1600 - 18 , each defining a payout for a particular outcome or payout combination available for a game on a gaming device. Those skilled in the art will understand that the payout database  1600  may include any number of entries. The payout database  1600  also defines fields for each of the entries or records. The fields specify: (i) an outcome identifier  1605  that uniquely identifies an outcome; (ii) an outcome  1610  that corresponds to the outcome identifier (e.g., the set of indicia comprising the outcome); and (ii) a payout that corresponds to the outcome. 
     It should be noted that, in some embodiments, information illustrated as stored in a payout database and a probability database may be combined and/or some information may be unnecessary and thus not stored. For example, in one embodiment, a probability database and payout database may be combined such that the resulting database stores (i) a random number of range of random numbers field; (ii) a payout that corresponds to each random number or range of random numbers; and (iii) a payout identifier that uniquely identifies each payout. As described, in some embodiments a GD or SGD may generate a plurality of random numbers, each random number being an outcome or result of a game play for a session. However, there may not be a need to determine a set of indicia corresponding to each outcome or result. All that may be desired and/or necessary is to determine the payout corresponding to each random number so generated. Accordingly, a database such as described in this paragraph may be appropriate for use in such embodiments. A GD or other device may use such a database to determine the individual payouts for a session (based on the random numbers generated for the session) and/or a sum of payouts for the session, without determining or being able to determine a set of indicia that corresponds to any particular random number. In some embodiments, as described, the individual payouts and/or sum of payouts determined for a session may be transmitted or communicated to another device, such as AS  310 , for translation and storage onto a DVD. A set of indicia may be determined by this other device, for example, during a translation process that determines at least one set of indicia based on the individual payouts and/or sum of payouts of the session. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 17A , illustrated therein is a tabular representation  1700 A of an example record of an embodiment of a batch run database  545 , such as may be stored in a memory of CS  305 , a memory of AS  310  and/or a memory of another device. Tabular representation  1700 A is referred to as batch run record  1700 A. Batch run record  1700 A includes a plurality of fields. The fields specify: (i) a batch run identifier  1705 A that uniquely identifies a batch run of sessions; (ii) a session  1710 A that identifies a particular session of a batch run; and (iii) a final session balance  1715 A of the corresponding session. As will be described in more detail below with respect to process  2600  ( FIG. 26 ), in accordance with some embodiments a plurality of session may be executed, the plurality of sessions being characterized by one or more common parameters. Such a plurality of sessions is referred to herein as a batch of sessions. In some embodiments, data related to such a batch run of sessions may be stored and used to create one or more DVDs therefrom. In accordance with one embodiment, only a final session balance for each session of a batch run of sessions need be stored. Subsequently, when a video presentation is being created for a particular session of a batch run, representative outcomes may be determined for the video presentation based on the final session balance of the session. For example, a plurality of representative outcomes may be selected (and/or corresponding media files) such that a resulting video presentation of the representative outcomes and/or media files ends in a final session balance corresponding to the session. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 17B , illustrated therein is a tabular representation  1700 B of an example record of another embodiment of a batch run database  545 , such as may be stored in a memory of CS  305 , a memory of AS  310  and/or a memory of another device. Tabular representation  1700 B is referred to as batch run record  1700 B. Batch run record  1700 B includes a plurality of fields. The fields specify: (i) a batch run identifier  1705 B that uniquely identifies a batch run of sessions; (ii) a session  1710 B that identifies a particular session of a batch run; (iii) a final session balance  1715 B of the corresponding session; and (iv) an indicator of one or more outcomes  1720 B that indicates one or more outcomes generated for the corresponding session. In contrast to the embodiment illustrated in record  1700 A, the record  1700 B stores the additional information of an indication of one or more actual outcomes generated during a particular session. For example, an identifier of one or more outcomes generated during a session may be stored. Additionally or alternatively, an indication of a payout and/or indicia comprising an outcome generated during a particular session may be stored. For example, in some embodiments media files for a video presentation being created for a particular session may be selected based on the outcome indicators stored in association with the session in a batch run database such as the one illustrated by record  1700 B. Additional embodiments of a batch run database, and usages thereof, are described with respect to  FIG. 26 , below. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 18 , illustrated therein is a tabular representation  1800  of an example record of an embodiment of a historic game play database  445 . Historic game play database  445  may be stored, for example, in a CS  305 , an AS  310  and/or a GD  315 . Tabular representation  1800  is referred to as historic game play record  1800 . Historic game play record  1800  includes a plurality of fields. The fields specify: (i) a gaming device identifier  1805  that uniquely identifies a gaming device that generated the historic game play data stored in the record; (ii) a data type  1810  that stores an indication of the type of data stored in the record; and (iii) a field for storing the data indicative of historic game play on the gaming device identified in field  1805 . In some embodiments additional information may be stored in such a record. For example, an indication of the time(s) at which the historic game play data of the record was generated may be stored. In accordance with some embodiments (e.g., as described with reference to process  2600  of  FIG. 26 ), historic game play data may be useful in determining one or more representative outcomes for a video session. 
     As illustrated in the embodiment embodies in record  1800 , in some embodiments in which historic game play data is used to determine representative outcomes, a plurality of payout amounts may be stored in association with a gaming device identifier. Of course, it should be noted that in some embodiments, other data, such as outcomes and/or indicia associated therewith; codes that represent payouts, outcomes or indicia; a “game play number” associated with a payout and/or outcome, etc., may be alternately or additionally stored. However, in this particular example, the database stores a plurality of payout amounts, each associated with a particular game play (e.g., payout amounts associated with consecutively executed game plays), which may have been generated either through repeated computer simulation or repeated actual play of a gaming device (e.g., a computer device simulates, using a random number generator and stored probability/payout tables, a plurality of game plays, such a series of random payout amounts may be determined in association with a particular type of game). It should be noted that the number of payout amounts stored in such a database may be larger or smaller than the representative number depicted by  FIG. 18 ; for example, in some embodiments, it may be advantageous to store as large a number of such payout amounts as is practicable. 
     Processes 
     Referring now to  FIG. 19 , illustrated therein is a flowchart of an example process  1900  for determining representative outcomes to be included in a video presentation to be recorded onto a DVD. The process includes a sub-process for selecting the media files to be assembled into the video presentation, which in some embodiments may be a separate process. The process  1900  may be performed, for example, by AS  500 . Of course, as described herein, any process described herein may be performed by any device or combination of devices that is practicable and desirable. Further, as also applies to all processes described herein, the steps may be performed in an order different from that illustrated and additional or different steps may be included. Similarly, some steps may be omitted or combined. 
     The process  1900  may begin, for example, upon receiving session result data and/or a DVD order based on which a DVD is to be created. Based on the received session result data and/or order information, various information is determined, for use in determining a set of representative outcomes to be represented in a video presentation to be recorded onto a DVD. The information may further be used to select particular media files (e.g., video and/or audio files) for use in creating the video presentation. 
     In step  1905  a price for the set of representative outcomes to be included on the DVD is determined. In some embodiments, the price may comprise the initial credit meter balance for the session, to be represented in the video presentation. In some embodiments, this price is the price to be charged to a player for purchasing the DVD. 
     The aggregate payout for the set of representative outcomes (and thus for the session) is determined in step  1910 . The aggregate payout for the session is the sum of all payouts determined by a GD when generating the actual outcome for the session. For example, if five actual outcomes were generated and three of them corresponded to a payout of zero, while one corresponded to a payout of three (3) credits while the fifth corresponded to a payout of four (4) credits, the aggregate payout for the session is seven (7) credits. It should be understood that the aggregate payout determined in step  1910  may be indicated in any format or denomination desired (e.g., number of credits and the corresponding value of each credit, dollar value, etc.). 
     A desired profit margin for the DVD is determined in step  1915 . In some embodiments, the desired profit margin may inherently be programmed into a GD that creates the actual outcomes for the session, as part of the house advantage that a probability table used in determining the actual outcomes is based on. In such embodiments, a separate determination of the desired profit margin in process  1900  may be unnecessary, as this may inherently be included in the session result data (e.g., price, aggregate payout, wager per game play, etc.). 
     The number of representative outcomes to be included in the video presentation (typically the number of actual outcomes determined by a GD, on which the session result data is based) is determined in step  1920 . For example, the session result data may include the number of game plays, and thus the number of outcomes, comprising the session. 
     The wager amount per game play is determined in step  1925 . This may be, for example, an actual wager amount per game play, an average wager amount per game play for the number of game plays, etc. In some embodiments (e.g., embodiments in which the wager amount per game play does not vary from one game play to another in a given session), the wager amount per game play may be determined by dividing up the price of the set of outcomes (determined in step  1905 ) by the number of outcomes to be included (determined in step  1920 ). In other embodiments, the wager amount(s) may be explicitly included in the session result data. For example, the session result data may specify that the wager amount per game play is “$0.50” or, even more specifically, list each game play and the corresponding wager amount. 
     The game to which the representative outcomes correspond (the game for which a video presentation is to be recorded onto the DVD) is determined in step  1930 . Again, this information may be included in the session result data or DVD order. 
     Based on the above information, a set of representative outcomes is determined in step  1935 . For example, a database may be accessed and the set of representative outcomes retrieved from an appropriate record of the database. 
     For example, in one embodiment the set of representative outcomes may be determined from an outcome sets database  540  (e.g., such as the one depicted in  FIG. 14 ). A particular record of the database may be accessed based on the number of outcomes or game plays, and the wager per game play. The appropriate plurality of sets of outcomes may be determined based on an ending session balance (which may be included in the session result data or calculated based on the price, aggregate payout, number of game plays and wager per game play information). Then one of the sets of outcomes may be selected (e.g., randomly or based on another rule). In some embodiments, a process of determining a set of outcomes or set of payouts based on session result information such as an ending credit balance may be a distinct process performed separately from the reminder of process  1900  (e.g., by the same device or a different device from the device performing other steps of process  1900 ). 
     In another example, a program may generate a representative set of outcomes based on the parameters determined in steps  1905 - 1920 . In yet another example, the set of outcomes may be included in the session result data (e.g., another device, such as CS  305  may have determined the representative outcomes and/or the actual outcomes determined by the GD may be used as the representative outcomes directly). 
     In one embodiment, determining the set of outcomes may include determining an order in which the outcomes are to be represented in a video presentation (e.g., which may differ from an order in which corresponding actual outcomes were generated by a GD). 
     In one embodiment, determining the set of representative outcomes may comprise determining a set of payouts (and, e.g., the payout identifier corresponding to each payout and/or the order in which the payouts are to be presented in the video presentation). 
     Once the set of representative outcomes is determined in step  1935 , the process  1900  continues to steps  1940  and  1945 . It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the process  1900  may end at step  1935  and another process (e.g., performed by another device) may comprise steps  1940  and  1945 . For example, part of process  1900  may be to store the set of representative outcomes determined in step  1935  (e.g., in a record of a database, accessible by the unique session identifier, a unique disc identifier and/or an order identifier). For example, the outcome identifier (e.g., and/or payout identifier, as appropriate and desired) for each outcome determined in step  1935  may be stored in such a database. This database may be subsequently accessed for purposes of performing steps  1940  and  1945  or similar steps. 
     In step  1940 , media files are determined and/or selected based on the set of representative outcomes determined in step  1935 . For example, a media file database  525  (e.g., such as the one illustrated in  FIG. 11A  or the one illustrated in  FIG. 11B ) may be accessed. For example, a particular record may be selected from the database based on the game (in some embodiments the record may be selected based on the game and casino, if, for the same game, there are different media files stored for different casinos). Then the appropriate media files may be selected based on the outcome identifiers of the outcomes determined in step  1935 . Determining the media files may include determining media files in addition to media files storing an image or animation of the outcomes. For example, a media file storing an image or animation of a payout schedule, a congratulatory message, an advertisement, a credit meter balance and/or other material may also be selected and assembled into the video presentation. Of course, determining media files may include selecting audio data files as well as video or image files and/or selecting files which later drive a software program. 
     In step  1945 , the media files determined in step  1940  are assembled into a video presentation. A particular process for assembling media files into a video presentation is described with reference to  FIGS. 23A and 23B . For example, the media files may be assembled into an order based on an order in which the outcomes are to be presented. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 20 , illustrated therein is a flowchart of an example process  2000  for determining a set of media files based on an indication of a set of desired payouts (or a set of desired outcomes), in accordance with some embodiments. The process  2000  may be utilized, for example, in embodiments in which AS  310  (or another device operable to determine media files to be included in a video presentation) receive a plurality of outcome identifier and/or a plurality of payout identifiers and determines the media files based on these identifiers. For example, unlike the embodiment described with respect to  FIG. 19 , in which general data defining a session is received and representative outcomes are determined based on this data, in the embodiment of process  2000  the identifiers of the actual outcomes may be received (or the identifiers of the payouts corresponding to the actual identifiers) from CS  305  or another device, thus requiring less processing on the part of AS  310 . The AS  310  may simply select the appropriate media files based on the received identifiers. Of course, the embodiment of process  2000  may require substantially more data to be transmitted from CS  305  to AS  310  in the embodiment of process  2000  than in the embodiment of process  1900 . For example, in process  1900 , it may be sufficient for CS  305  to transmit to AS  310  the following information regarding a particular session: (i) a price of the session, (ii) an ending credit meter balance of the session, (iii) an indication of the payout schedule used for the session, and (iv) an indication of the ending credit meter balance for the session. The AS  310  may then determine a plurality of representative outcomes based on this information. In the embodiment of process  2000 , however, more information may be transmitted; the outcome identifier and/or payout identifier for each game play (which may be a substantial number of identifiers, as a session may comprise, for example, 500 or 1,000 outcomes) may be transmitted. 
     In step  2005 , a plurality of identifiers, each identifier identifying an outcome and/or payout of a session, is received. For example, the identifiers may be received from CS  305 . In one embodiment, the identifiers may be stored in a database and subsequently retrieved. In one embodiment, the identifiers of payouts may comprise the values of the payouts. For example, a record (e.g., such as the one illustrated in  FIG. 28  described below) may be used to store the plurality of payout values for a session. In one embodiment, the information received in step  2005  may include an indication of an order in which the outcomes and/or payouts are to be represented in a video presentation for the session. In one embodiment, for example, some or all of the information stored in a record of a session database  425  (e.g., such as the record  700  of  FIG. 7 ) may be received by AS  310  as part of step  2005 . 
     In step  2010 , the game, for which the outcomes and/or payouts of step  2005  were received, is determined. This information may be used to access an appropriate record of a media file database. For example, as described with respect to  FIG. 11A  and  FIG. 11B , a distinct set of media files may be stored for each available game. In one embodiment, step  2010  may further comprise receiving an indication of a casino to be represented in the video presentation (e.g., a casino in which the actual outcomes of the session were generated, a casino that placed the order for the DVD and/or the casino in which the DVD is to be sold). As described with reference to  FIG. 11A  and  FIG. 11B , in some embodiments media files of outcomes for a particular game may be further customized to reflect a particular casino. In such embodiments, an appropriate record of a media file database may be accessed based on a desired combination of game and casino. 
     In step  2015 , the media files for the video presentation to be created are determined based on the outcome identifiers and/or payout identifiers received in step  2005  and the game determined in step  2010 . For example, a media file database such as the one depicted in  FIG. 11A  may be accessed and the appropriate media files selected based on the outcome identifiers. 
     In step  2020 , an indication of the media files determined in step  2015  (and, in some embodiments, the media files themselves or copies thereof) may be stored in association with a session identifier or other unique identifier associated with the session (e.g., a disc identifier identifying the DVD on which the media files are to be included as part of a video presentation to be recorded onto the DVD). Storing the media files may comprise, for example, creating or opening a previously created record of the session media file database  530 . For example, a record such as the record  1200  ( FIG. 12 ) of such a database may be created (e.g., during the execution of process  1800 ) and populated with the media files (or indications or copies thereof) determined in step  2015 , in an order in which the media files are to be assembled into the video presentation. It should be understood that a step similar to step  2020  may be performed in process  2000  or any other process described herein that involves the creation of a video presentation. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 21 , illustrated therein is a flowchart of an example process  2100  for creating a DVD. The process  2100  is meant as an overview of the process of creating a DVD and does not include many detailed steps or sub-routines that may be involved in such a process.  FIG. 22  and  FIGS. 23A and 23B  illustrate more detailed example processes for creating a DVD. 
     In step  2105 , the desired parameters for a DVD to be created are determined. For example, an order for a DVD and/or session result data may be received. In one embodiment, some or all of the information in a session database  425  (such as the one embodied in the example record  700  of  FIG. 7 ) may be communicated in step  2105  as an indication of the parameters of the DVD to be created. 
     Examples of parameters that may be determined in step  2105  include, without limitation, (i) a price of the DVD (which may, in some embodiments, be the starting credit meter balance of the session based on which the DVD is to be created; (ii) a game; (iii) a gaming device; (iv) a casino; (v) a payout schedule; (vi) a strategy to be employed in making decisions on behalf of a player; (vii) an ending credit meter balance; (viii) a number of game plays or outcomes to be represented; (ix) a wager per game play; (x) outcomes to be represented; (xi) an order of outcomes to be represented; (xii) advertisements, promotional or other material to be included in the video presentation to be included on the DVD; (xiii) audio to be included on the DVD; (xiv) a language preference in which the material in the DVD is to be presented; and/or (xv) one or more payouts to be represented on the DVD. It should be understood that some of the above items may be redundant with other items. It should further be understood that not all of the above-listed parameters are required to be known in order to create a DVD. 
     It should still further be understood that, in some embodiments, some of the parameters (and values thereof) may be determined by a first device (e.g., CS  305 ) and transmitted to a second device (e.g., AS  310 ) performing step  2105 , while other parameters (and values thereof) may be determined directly by the second device. The second device may determine such additional parameters (and values thereof), for example, based on information received from the first device and/or based on a program or instructions stored in a memory of the second device. 
     In other embodiments, all of the parameters (and values thereof) may be determined by the first device and transmitted to the second device, the second device having minimal processing capabilities and merely serving to assemble the video presentation and record it onto a DVD. 
     In step  2110 , the DVD is queued for production. For example, a record may be created in a DVD production queue database  535  (an example embodiment of which is illustrated in database  1300  of  FIGS. 13A-13C ). For example, a unique disc identifier may be determined and used to create a new record. At least some of the parameters determined in step  2105  (and values thereof) may be stored in the record. The disc identifier may be placed in a DVD production queue. A device for producing the DVDs (or at least the device performing a first step in the production process), such as AS  500 , may select the DVDs to be created on a first-come-first-serve basis (e.g., based on the order submission time, based on the disc identifier, etc.). 
     In step  2115  it is determined whether the DVD has been created. For example, it may be determined whether a record for the DVD in a DVD production queue database indicates that the production process for the DVD has been completed. In a more particular example, the DVD production queue database  1300  may be accessed to determine whether there is an entry in the production completed time field  1385 . 
     If it is determined that the DVD has been created, the DVD is made available for purchase in step  2120 . For example, the DVD may be packaged in a shipment of a plurality of DVDs intended for a particular destination (e.g., a casino identified in customer identifier field  1310  of the DVD production queue database  1300 ) and shipped to the destination. Otherwise, the process  2115  loops until it is determined that the DVD has been created. 
     In some embodiments, session result data may be generated and stored in advance of the receipt of a request to produce a game disc. For example, session result data may be “warehoused” (e.g., generated and then stored en masse), such that at a later point, a disc may be created using the historic results. In other embodiments, a device may be configured to generate game play results for a session on demand (e.g., upon receiving a signal from another device). In still further embodiments, a device may be configured to continuously produce game play results (e.g., the device produces one result every second, continually), which game play results may be utilized when game play results are desired pursuant to the creation of a video presentation for a DVD (e.g., when a disc comprising 500 outcomes is desired, the next 500 seconds worth of game play results generated by the device are monitored, accessed, recorded and/or otherwise utilized to create the disc). 
     Such a device may then itself produce a disc, or communicate with one or more devices configured to produce such a disc. For example, a memory of a device may store a program for determining one or more media files based on session result data, as described. Thus, a number of media files (e.g., audio and/or video clips or recordings of various slot machine animations) may be determined in association with a disc. As described, in one embodiment, a device that generates game play results may itself be configured to produce a video presentation and/or DVD having the video presentation recorded therein. For example, the device may comprise a program for determining which media files to encode on a DVD, as well as hardware for storing such files on a DVD and formatting the DVD in a manner such that the DVD may be viewable by conventional devices (e.g., the device comprises hardware and software that allows for the production of DVDs). In other embodiments, session result data and/or media files may be accessed by or transmitted to one or more separate devices (e.g., via a communications network) from the device that generates the game play results, such that the one or more separate devices may then produce the video presentations and/or discs. For example, in one embodiment, a central computer may receive blocks of game play results from a plurality of devices (e.g., GDs and/or MGDs). For example, each such device my produce a plurality of game play results, and transmit the results (perhaps along with a session identifier) to the central computer (e.g., CS  305  and/or AS  310 ). The central computer may comprise a program for accessing appropriate media files based on the game play results and encoding them onto a DVD, as well as hardware for transferring such files to a DVD (e.g., an optical laser, etc.). Thus, one or more devices of such an automated facility may produce en masse discs according to various parameters, as described herein. 
     In one embodiment, a secure facility may comprise one or more GDs for producing game play results (e.g., MGDs that generate game play results in an automated fashion, with little or no human involvement). Additionally, such a facility may comprise various hardware and software for producing DVDs based on the results generated by the GDs. For example, an “assembly line” of computerized and/or mechanized devices may be configured to (i) store appropriate media content on DVDs based on game play results generated by the GDs, (ii) label such DVDs, (iii) package such DVDs (e.g., including adding barcodes, graphics, etc.) and/or (iv) shrink-wrap such packaging. Thus, such a facility may comprise a variety of devices, one or more of which may communicate with one or more databases for determining necessary information for producing such DVDs. For example, each DVD may be unique (e.g., the game play results thereof may be based on a session generated for that particular DVD), and therefore when producing each DVD, it may be necessary for various devices to communicate with one or more GDs (or otherwise obtain data generated by one or more GDs) and/or databases so as to determine appropriate content for the DVD. For example, an assembly unit may comprise a computer system in communication with a mechanized or robotic arm that accesses physical media (e.g., lifts a “blank” DVD from a spindle of DVDs and places it into an area in which the DVD may subsequently be written to by an optical device). The computer system may also be configured to instruct an optical device to encode the DVD with various content (e.g., indications of game play results, a menu interface, etc.). The computer system itself may or may not generate the game play results that are used to determine the content for the DVD. Accordingly, the assembly unit (e.g., the computer system in communication with the mechanized hardware, optical device, etc.) may communicate with one or more devices and/or databases that store session results and/or media files for creating a video presentation to be recorded onto a DVD. 
     In one embodiment, because numerous game play results may be generated in a rapid or substantially instantaneous manner, game play results may be generated as required for the production of a particular DVD (e.g., as each DVD becomes ready for content, a GD is instructed to generate game play results). In other embodiments, game play results and/or associated media files may be stored in a database, and then accessed as needed. 
     In this manner, an assembly unit may produce a DVD storing indications of game play results in association with a particular session. For example, the DVD may be encoded with audio and/or video files depicting an animated slot machine producing various arrays of symbols, a credit meter balance adjusting after each game play, etc. The DVD may further be encoded electronically with a session identifier and/or other session information, a player identifier, and/or a code (e.g., an activation code, a disc identifier, etc.), etc., such that when the DVD is inserted into an appropriate reader device, such information may be accessed. Thus, in some embodiments, a plurality of DVDs may be manufactured, each DVD comprising indications of unique session results. 
     In some embodiments, a facility for producing DVDs may further be configured to uniquely mark the packaging or labeling of such DVDs with one or more identifiers or codes. For example, a session identifier, player identifier, and/or activation code may be uniquely marked on the packaging or labeling of a DVD, such that the code or identifier may be used to facilitate various steps described herein with respect to the sale, activation and redemption of such DVDs. Thus, in one example, after a DVD has been uniquely encoded with content by a first assembly unit, the DVD may then be transferred to one or more second assembly units that may assist in the labeling and/or packaging of the DVD. For example, a second assembly unit may comprise a computer system in communication with various hardware for applying graphics or other labeling to the top side of a DVD (e.g., a pressing unit applies permanent color or grayscale images to the top side of the DVD). Such a unit may then communicate with one or more databases, such that one or more identifiers associated with the DVD may then be determined (e.g., a “Disc Activation Number”). In one embodiment, a master computer system may keep track of each DVD&#39;s position within a series of assembly units, such that when a DVD reaches a second assembly unit, the unit may be instructed to label the DVD with one or more identifiers. In another example, the unit may determine an identifier by reading the DVD (e.g., if the DVD was previously encoded with an identifier). In either case, the identifier may then be marked upon the DVD. In some embodiments, the identifier may be machine-readable (e.g., a barcode is labeled upon the top of the DVD). Alternately or additionally, a human-readable identifier may be labeled upon the DVD (e.g., a numeric code is imprinted). In some embodiments, the labeled and encoded DVD may then be transported to one or more further assembly units. For example, yet another assembly unit may be responsible for inserting the DVD into a jewel case, and/or for shrink-wrapping a jewel case, etc. Other processes such as printing packaging materials (e.g., paper inserts or other paper materials that accompany jewel cases) may or may not take place in such a facility. For example, in one embodiment, a separate press may receive instructions for imprinting a paper cover to be inserted into a jewel case with graphics and a unique identifier (e.g., associated with a particular DVD). The paper cover may then later be merged and/or otherwise incorporated into such an assembly process (e.g., the cover is matched to a jewel case containing the appropriate DVD). 
     It should be noted that various efforts may be made to ensure that the production of video presentations and/or DVDs on which such video presentations are recorded in such an automated facility occurs without tampering. For example, such devices and/or various components thereof may be equipped with devices that indicate whether physical tampering has occurred (e.g., the casing of a device for generating game play results comprises a tamper-evident seal). In other embodiments, a central computer or server may authenticate or verify that the software of a device has not been tampered with, via a checksum or one or more other such authentication procedures known in the art. 
     Further, gaming regulators may require various steps, for example, to prove that when creating DVDs, operators of a system may not purposefully create “losing” video presentations and/or DVDs (i.e., ones that correspond to a redemption value of zero) by selecting losing outcomes, or manipulate the random nature of game play result generation in any fashion (e.g., physical or electronic tampering, which may be monitored by a third party, would be evident). In some embodiments, it may be desirable for a system to ensure that all of the game play results generated are used in the creation of a video presentation (such that operators may not “pick and choose” which game play results to incorporate) or that the aggregate payout for the actual outcomes generated equals the aggregate payout for the representative outcomes comprising a video presentation. For example, the system may authenticate that if 100,000 game play results have been generated by one or more GDs (e.g., during a period of time, since the inception of the device, etc.), all 100,000 of such game play results have been incorporated into the production of one or more DVDs. In a more specific example, an electronic record may be kept of all the (uniquely identified) game play results generated by all GDs pursuant to the execution of sessions, as well as all the game play results used to render videos of one or more DVDs (e.g., such that an auditor may check the results of the DVDs against the generated results). 
     In further embodiments, to help ensure fairness of production of DVDs, an operator of a system producing DVDs and/or video presentations therefore may certify a payback percentage for an aggregate number of DVDs (e.g., DVDs are produced in a manner such that for every 1,000 DVDs made, the 1,000 DVDs will on average pay out a certain sum to customers). It should be appreciated that manners of auditing such claims are well known in the art (e.g., much as how a slot machine payback percentage is audited). 
     In alternate embodiments, a system of the present invention may be configured similar to a system for producing “instant-win” or “scratch-off” lottery tickets, in that for every set of DVDs produced (e.g., every group of 500), it may be predetermined that certain DVDs will yield certain final credit meter balances or credit meter balances within a certain range (e.g., in the batch of 500, there will be one DVD with a final credit meter balance of 12,783 credits, four DVDs with final credit meter balance of 476, and so on). Thus, a final session balance associated with each of a set of DVDs may be determined similarly to a roll of instant-win lottery tickets (e.g., according to a predetermined matrix). As with a roll of instant-win lottery tickets, it may be advantageous to distribute “winning” DVDs in a manner such that a series of DVDs produced and sold in sequence (e.g., DVDs characterized consecutive numeric identification codes) do not result in almost all losses. For example, a common game structure used in instant-win lottery tickets is known as “guaranteed low end prize structure” or GLEPS. In this structure, tickets are provided to the ticket-selling agents in numbered “books,” with each book containing a predetermined number of tickets. Each book of GLEPS game tickets contains a predetermined number of low end, or small award, winning tickets. For example, small award winners may include awards up to, and including, ten dollars. In addition, ticket books may also contain additional winning tickets that have larger prize values and are not part of the GLEPS structure. The ticket books are arranged in “pools” and these larger-amount tickets are distributed over the ticket book pools in a truly random manner and are much less numerous than the GLEPS winning tickets. Thus, in some embodiments, DVDs may be produced in a similar manner (e.g., a matrix of final contract/session balances may be associated with a pool of DVDs in a non-random manner, but the final credit/session balances may be distributed to serially identified DVDs within the pool in at least a partially random manner). 
     Referring now to  FIG. 22 , illustrated therein is a flowchart of an example process  2200  for creating a DVD. The process  2200  is described with particular reference to the embodiment of the DVD production queue database illustrated in  FIGS. 13A-13C . 
     In step  2205 , an order for a DVD is received. For example, an order from a casino for a plurality of DVDs may be received electronically and/or via paper or other tangible medium. For example, a casino or other customer may transmit session result data for a plurality of sessions, thus ordering a DVD corresponding to each of the sessions. In some embodiments, an order may specify that a plurality of DVDs be created based on session result data for a particular session. In one example, the session result data of an order may be transmitted to AS  310  electronically or be called in by a casino representative. In another example, a document corresponding to one or more of the sessions may be received. For example, as described herein, in some embodiments one or more session results tickets may be printed by a GD for a session executed by the GD. In one embodiment, step  2205  may include receiving the session results tickets (or copies thereof) for each session included in the order. In some embodiments, each session may be received as a separate order. 
     In step  2210  a template is determined for the final DVD. As would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art of producing DVDs, a template for a DVD may include an indication of information to be included in the DVD and may include items that are constant across a batch of DVDs. A template may further include programming commands (pause here, skip to there if this button is pushed, etc.) for manipulating the assets (i.e., content) of the DVD. In some embodiments, the same template may be used for all DVDs of the same game, casino, number of game plays and wager per game play. Thus, there may be a plurality of templates stored in a memory (e.g., a memory of AS  500 ) and step  2210  may comprise selecting the appropriate template for use, based on the session result information determined in step  2205 . A particular template may include, for example, an opening menu design, buttons, graphics, and advertising material. In some embodiments, some of the data in a template may be variable (e.g., a first advertisement may be selected for inclusion in an advertising portion of a first DVD while a second advertisement may be selected for inclusion in an advertising portion of a second DVD). 
     In step  2215 , a record for the DVD of the order is created in a database (e.g., DVD production queue database  1300 ). A record in the DVD production queue database  1300  may be created based on the receipt of the order. For example, a unique order number may be determined (e.g., the order number may be received as part of the order or assigned to the order upon the order being received) and stored in the newly created record. The customer identifier for the order may also be recorded. A disc identifier may be determined and stored as well. Additional information regarding parameters of the DVD to be created may also be determined from the session result information of the order and stored in the record (e.g., game brand, casino, denomination, wager per game play, payout schedule, number of game plays, starting credit meter balance, end credit meter balance, session identifier). The order submission time (e.g., the time at which the order was received) may also be stored. 
     In step  2220 , the DVD is created via a production process that may comprise one or more steps. The steps may comprise, for example, (i) creating a video presentation to be recorded onto the DVD, (ii) recording the video presentation onto the DVD, (iii) packaging the DVD, and (iv) readying the DVD for shipment to the customer who ordered the DVD. Process  2300 , described in detail with respect to  FIGS. 23A-23B , is one example process for how a DVD may be created. In some embodiments, as a DVD proceeds through a production process comprising several steps, the appropriate record of the DVD production queue database  1300  is updated upon the completion of each step, to track the progress of the DVD creation. 
     In step  2225  it is determined that the DVD has been successfully created and the order is marked as ready for shipment. For example, production completed time field  1385  may be updated to reflect the time at which the production process was completed, thus marking the DVD (or record of the DVD) to reflect that the DVD is ready for shipment. 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 23A-23B , illustrated therein is a flowchart of an example process  2300  for creating a DVD. The process  2300  may, in some embodiments, comprise an example of step  2220  of process  2200 . 
     In step  2305 , a set of representative and/or actual outcomes to be included in a video presentation are determined. For example, a process similar to that described with respect to  FIG. 20  or a process similar to that described with respect to  FIG. 21  may be utilized. In other words, the representative outcomes may be determined based on session result data received or identifiers of the representative outcomes may be received. 
     In step  2310 , at least one media file is determined for each of the outcomes determined in step  2305 . Determining a media file may comprise, for example, generating a new media file or retrieving a previously created media file from a media file database or other memory structure. 
     In some embodiments, step  2310  may further comprise determining (e.g., generating or retrieving) any other appropriate media files. For example, one or more media files comprising a graphic depicting one or more of a meter of number of game plays remaining, a credit meter balance and/or a payout schedule may be determined. 
     Step  2310  may comprise animating the media files. Animation of the media files may comprise, for example, creating a sequence of frames which, when viewed together in rapid succession, simulate motion. Such a sequence may comprise, for example, creating the frames pixel by pixel, copying the frames from a database, or any method on a continuum between these two processes. 
     In step  2315 , graphics are overlaid onto the media files depicting the outcomes determined in step  2305 , as appropriate. For example, a graphic of a credit meter balance or a meter depicting a number of spins remaining may be overlaid onto particular portions of each frame of a media file. 
     In some embodiments, step  2315  may further comprise determining an order or other layout of the media files. For example, it may be determined which frame or portion of a frame a particular graphic is to be overlaid on. In another example, an order in which the representative outcomes are to be determined (and thus an order in which the media files depicting the representative outcomes are to be output in the video presentation) may be determined. 
     In step  2320 , media preparation (e.g., such as MPEG compression) is performed on the media files. Of course, if the media files are to be stored in a format other than MPEG, another procedure may be performed on the media files to convert them to the appropriate format. For example, another compression algorithm other than MPEG compression may be performed. 
     In step  2325 , an audio track is created for the DVD. In some embodiments (e.g., embodiments in which a media file includes both video and audio data), this step may be unnecessary. For example, the creation of the audio track may be performed synchronously with the determination of the media files or video files. In some embodiments, creating an audio track comprises selecting the appropriate audio media files and assembling them into an appropriate order based on the planned video content for the video presentation. 
     In step  2330 , the assets for the DVD (i.e. content to be included in the DVD, including video and audio content) are combined as specified in a DVD template being used to create the DVD. In some embodiments, process  2300  may include a step of selecting the appropriate DVD template (which step was described with reference to step  2210  of  FIG. 22 ). The assets for the DVD may comprise, for example, the media files and the audio track previously determined. 
     The assets may also include any still pictures, subtitles, or other content to be included on the DVD. For example, the template may say: 
     Opening Menu
         create one button pointing to program point  10     play background music audio Z until button selected   pause   Point  10     play video Y       

     Step  2330  may comprise modifying the template for a specific DVD by inserting particular files into the template. For example, the above template may be modified by inserting “disc 123/slotsvideo/video.mpg” for the variable Y, and “disc 123/menumusicimusic.audio” for variable Z. 
     In step  2335 , a DVD disc image is determined for the DVD. As would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art of DVD production, a DVD disc image is the logical structure for the DVD or directory structure with the files in the proper LOGICAL location. Typically, a directory structure comprises a top level directory which includes menu files, a video directory and an audio directory. The video directory has a file for each chapter, etc. However, the data on the disc itself may be physically spread out over various physical locations on the disc (a practice referred to as fragmentation). Step  2335  may comprise, for example, copying the media files determined in process  1200  into the correct logical structure. 
     In step  2340 , an ISO (International Standards Organization) image (or bit-by-bit structure) is determined for the DVD, based on the standard being used. As would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art of DVD production, an ISO image defines the actual layout of the individual bytes of the files. Files may be interlaced (e.g., 100 bytes of video may be followed by 10 bytes of audio so a laser reading the disc can play them together) and consecutive files may be physically consecutive in the ISO disc image (unlike the DVD disc image). It should be noted that step  2335  may be performed by a first program and step  2340  may be performed by a second program, as is true for all steps of processes described herein. 
     In step  2345 , the DVD ISO image is recorded onto the DVD. Recording the ISO image may comprise transferring the information onto a DVD. For example, in one embodiment recording a DVD may comprise stamping the DVD. In another embodiment, recording information onto a DVD or transferring information onto a DVD may comprise burning the information onto the DVD. For example, DVD-R or DVD+R burners may use relatively high-powered lasers to darken inks inside a recordable DVD media to simulate the pits of traditional mass-produced DVDs. Examples of such technologies are readily available, such as DVD recorders from Plextor™ or Panasonic™. In some of these embodiments, the DVD recording device may have multiple recording devices and a robotic mechanism for disc movement into and out of the drives. Examples of this technology include Rimage&#39;s Protoge Plus™, or Microtech&#39;s™ product lines 
     In step  2350  a label is printed for the DVD. This may involve, for example, determining a graphics image and printing it onto the label or DVD itself. The label may further include unique information such as a unique disc identifier or the session identifier. In some embodiments, the label may include an indication of the game and/or casino represented in the video presentation of the DVD. 
     In step  2355  the DVD is inserted into packaging. The DVD may be packaged such that tampering with the DVD (e.g., unauthorized opening of the DVD) is visible or otherwise easily discernable. Further, the DVD may be packaged in anti-tampering material. Step  2355  or another step of process  2300  may further include storing an indication (e.g., in a DVD production queue database) that the DVD has been completed and is ready for shipment. The time and/or date on which the production of the DVD was completed may also be stored. The DVD may then be transported to an appropriate destination (e.g., shipped along with many other DVDs created in a similar manner to a casino that ordered the DVDs). 
     Referring now to  FIG. 24 , illustrated therein is a process  2400  for facilitating the purchase of a DVD or a session in another remotely viewable form. The process  2400  may be performed, for example, by POS  320 . 
     In step  2405 , a request to purchase a DVD is received. For example, in one embodiment a player may select, from a display, a DVD that has recorded thereon a video presentation based on outcomes previously generated by a GD. Alternatively, the player may request that the casino attendant provide a DVD from behind a casino counter. The player may request to purchase the selected DVD. Step  2405  may comprise, for example, receiving from a casino attendant into POS  320  an indication that a new transaction for the purchase of such a DVD is to be initiated. In another embodiment, step  2405  may comprise receiving a request that a DVD be generated on behalf of the player. In this latter embodiment, the request may include an indication of parameters (and values thereof) defining a session based on which a video presentation is to be created and recorded onto the DVD. For example, a player may specify a game, wager amount per game play, number of game plays, and price for the session and resultant DVD. 
     In step  2410 , a unique identifier of the DVD is determined. For example, a unique disc identifier on the packaging of a DVD (or, in some embodiments, on the DVD itself) may be entered via a bar code scanner or keyboard. In embodiments in which the request for the DVD comprises a request that a DVD be generated on behalf of a player, step  2410  may comprise determining or assigning a unique identifier for the DVD to be created. For example, a unique DVD identifier may be generated based on a program or algorithm or a previously generated but as yet unassigned DVD identifier may be retrieved from a database of available DVD identifiers. In one embodiment, step  2410  may comprise determining a session identifier of a session associated with the DVD previously created or the DVD to be created. 
     In step  2415 , it is determined whether the DVD is available for purchase. For example, a database such as database  1000  of  FIG. 10  may be accessed and it may be determined whether the status of the DVD is set to “available” or other information associated with the DVD may be retrieved, based on the unique identifier received in step  2415 , that allows a determination of whether the DVD is available for purchase. In one embodiment, POS  320  accesses such information and determines the availability of the DVD for purchase. In other embodiments, POS  320  transmits an indication of the unique identifier to another device (e.g., CS  305 ), which determines the availability of the DVD for purchase and transmits an indication of the availability to POS  320 . In embodiments in which the request to purchase a DVD is a request for a DVD to be created, step  2415  may comprise determining whether a session as defined in the request of step  2405  may be created (e.g., whether the requested combination of parameters and values thereof are approved or approvable). 
     If the DVD is not available for purchase, a message indicating the unavailability of the DVD for purchase is output in step  2425 . For example, such a message may be output to a casino attendant (who may communicate the message to the player requesting to purchase the DVD) and/or directly to the player requesting to purchase the DVD. Otherwise, the process  2400  continues to step  2420 . 
     In step  2420 , an activation code is received. The activation code may comprise, for example, a code provided to a player upon a legitimate purchase of a DVD, to be used by the player as subsequent proof of the purchase and/or to activate a video presentation recorded on the DVD. In some embodiments, the activation code may simply comprise a unique transaction identifier generated or otherwise determined by POS  320 . In other embodiments, an activation code may be distinct from a transaction identifier. In some embodiments, a unique activation code may be generated at the time of a purchase of a DVD (e.g., using an algorithm created for this purpose). In other embodiments, an activation code may be selected from a list of previously generated and available activation codes. In some embodiments, an activation code may be encrypted. In some embodiments, the activation code associated with the DVD at the time of purchase of the DVD may be stored in a record of a database associated with the DVD (e.g., in association with the disc identifier and/or other unique identifier already associated with the DVD). 
     It should be noted that, in some embodiments, an activation code may be determined and associated with a particular DVD during the manufacturing process. 
     In step  2430 , an indication of payment for the DVD is received. For example, an operator of POS  320  may indicate an amount and form of payment received for the DVD, as is known in the art of POS operations. In some embodiments, step  2430  may comprise first retrieving the price of the DVD (e.g., from a database, such as database  1000 , or by scanning or otherwise determining a price indicated on the DVD or packaging thereof). 
     In step  2435 , a receipt for the DVD is output. An example of such a receipt is illustrated in  FIG. 30  (described in detail below). For example, POS  320  may cause a receipt to be printed. In some embodiments, the receipt for the DVD may be e-mailed to the player or provided to the player in another electronic form. In some embodiments, the activation code may be included on the receipt. A copy of the receipt may be retained by the casino or other entity selling the DVD to the player. 
     In step  2440 , an indication of the sale of the DVD is stored, along with the activation code. For example, a database such as database  1000  of  FIG. 10  may be accessed and the current date and time may be stored in the date sold field. The activation code now associated with the DVD may also be stored in the record of such a database. The status of the DVD may be set to “purchased” or another similar status. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 25 , illustrated therein is a flowchart of an example process  2500  for redeeming a DVD. The process  2500  may be performed, for example, at a POS  320 . 
     In one embodiment, a player who purchases a DVD may return to the casino at which the DVD was purchased. By presenting any or all of a (i) a disc identifier, (ii) activation code, (iii) receipt and/or (iv) valid photo identification, the player may be able to redeem the DVD for the redemption value of the DVD (typically the end credit meter balance of the session on which the DVD video presentation was based). The player may, for example, collect a redemption value of a DVD from one or more of (i) a casino attendant operating a computer device (e.g., POS  320  or CPD  325 ), (ii) a kiosk operable to facilitate the redemption of DVDs (e.g., by receiving a session identifier and/or other relevant information via an input device, accessing a database, and determining a final session balance or redemption value associated with the DVD) (iii) a GD, and (iv) another device. A redemption value may be provided to a player, for example, in the form of cash, voucher, gaming credit, or any other form. In some embodiments, players may be given an incentive to return to a casino to redeem DVDs (e.g., casinos may recognize that drawing customers back to their property may lead to increased gambling activity and thus increased revenues). For example, if a player is due a final session balance of $63.25, the player may be offered an amount more than the final session balance (e.g., an additional $10) to redeem the DVD at the casino (e.g., rather than having a check for the redemption value of the DVD mailed to the player). 
     In one embodiment, a player may redeem a DVD without returning to the casino at which the DVD was purchased. For example, a player may contact a casino after viewing a video presentation (e.g., via postal mail, phone, fax, e-mail, a form of a casino Web page, etc.) and indicate a session identifier, disc identifier, activation code and/or some other information (e.g., a home phone number) by which a casino may determine a final session balance or other redemption value due to the player. In one embodiment, the player may be given an opportunity to specify whether the player prefers to be mailed a check, to have funds transferred in some electronic manner (e.g., funds are transferred electronically to a player&#39;s financial account) or to have the redemption value provided to the player in some other manner. 
     In some embodiments, a player may not contact a casino after purchasing a session. In one such embodiment, if a player is owed a final session balance based on the purchased session, the casino may wait a predetermined period of time after the purchase of the DVD associated with the session. If this period of time (e.g., 30 days) elapses and no contact is received from the player (e.g., the player does not return to the casino to redeem the DVD), the casino may automatically issue any funds owed to the player (e.g., by mailing a check to a provided address or storing the funds in a financial account associated with the player). 
     In some embodiments, although a redemption value greater than zero may correspond to a session purchased or provided to a player and a price may be associated with the session, the player may have not yet paid the price at the time he requests the redemption value. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the price of the session may be deducted from the redemption value. If the redemption value is greater than the price, the player may be paid the difference. If however, the redemption value is less than the price, the player may be paid nothing. 
     In some embodiments, a session may end with a negative balance (e.g., at the end of the session, the sum of wagers deducted from a starting credit meter balance exceeds a sum of payouts added to the starting credit meter balance). In some embodiments, such negative balances may be treated similarly to a balance of zero credits; in other words, the redemption value of the session may be zero. 
     It should be noted that, in various embodiments, a player may have an opportunity to redeem a DVD without having watched the video presentation recorded on the DVD in its entirety (or at all). For example, a player may purchase a DVD containing a video presentation, but may not have a chance to watch the video presentation before his next trip to the casino. In some embodiments, such a player may be allowed to redeem the DVD irrespective of the failure to watch the video presentation. However, in other embodiments, a player may not be allowed to redeem a DVD unless the player provides a special code output upon (e.g., during) the conclusion of a video presentation recorded on the DVD (e.g., an alphanumeric code or password is displayed during or after a final game play result is depicted). 
     Referring again to  FIG. 25 , in step  2505  a request to redeem a DVD is received. For example, a player may approach POS  320  and provide the DVD to be redeemed (and/or packaging and/or receipt or other documentation thereof) and request the redemption value of the DVD to be provided to the player. In another example, a player may contact a casino or other entity that facilitates the redemption of purchased DVDs in another manner (e.g., via telephone, e-mail, the Internet, postal mail, etc.) to request the redemption of a DVD. 
     In step  2510 , a unique identifier of the DVD is determined (e.g., based on information provided in the request to redeem the DVD). For example, a disc identifier located on packaging of the DVD may be scanned in or typed in by a casino attendant (in such embodiments a player may be required to provide the DVD, or at least the packaging thereof, when redeeming the DVD). 
     In step  2515 , a receipt code is received. For example, an activation code printed on the receipt may be received. In another example, a unique receipt identifier uniquely identifying the receipt and/or transaction in which the receipt was issued is received. For example, a casino attendant may scan or type in the code. That is, in some embodiments a player may be required to provide a receipt (or copy thereof) for the purchase of a DVD when requesting to redeem the DVD. In some embodiments in which the code received in step  2515  is an activation code, the activation code for a DVD may have been provided to a player in a manner other than being printed on a receipt (e.g., it may have been provided to a player via e-mail, via another printed document, verbally, etc.). Accordingly, in some embodiments in which an activation code is required to redeem a DVD, step  2515  may comprise receiving the activation code in any manner desired and practicable and not necessarily via a receipt (in which case a receipt may or may not be required to redeem the DVD). 
     In step  2520 , it is determined whether the DVD has been legitimately purchased. For example, a database or other memory structure storing information about DVDs previously purchased may be accessed. For example, the database  1000  of  FIG. 10  may be accessed and it may be verified that the disc identifier and activation code correspond to one another in the database and, further, that the status of the DVD corresponding to the disc identifier is currently “purchased.” In one embodiment, POS  320  or another device performing the redemption process (e.g., a kiosk of a casino) may communicate with a device storing such information (e.g., CS  305 ). In one embodiment, the POS  320  or other device performing the redemption process may be operable to determine whether the DVD was legitimately purchased by accessing such a database and verifying the information received in steps  2505 - 2515 . In another embodiment, the POS  320  or other device performing the redemption process may forward the information received in steps  2505 - 2515  to another device (e.g., CS  305 ) storing information useful in verifying the legitimate purchase of the DVD and determine that the DVD was legitimately purchased upon receiving an authorization message or indication from this other device. 
     If it is determined that the DVD was not legitimately purchased, a message indicating an inability to redeem the DVD is output in step  2530 . For example, a message indicating that the system is “unable to confirm previous purchase” may be output (e.g., to a payer attempting to redeem the DVD and/or to a casino attendant facilitating the redemption process, who in turn may communicate this information to the player) and the redemption of the DVD may be denied. Otherwise, the process  2500  continues to step  2525 . 
     In step  2525 , it is determined whether the DVD has previously been redeemed. This step may be performed to prevent “double dipping” or at attempt by a payer to redeem a DVD more than once. For example, an appropriate database may be accessed (e.g., such as the database  1000  depicted in  FIG. 10 ) to determine whether the status of the subject DVD is set to “redeemed” or to another status indicating that the DVD has previously been redeemed (or if a previous successful redemption of the DVD is otherwise stored in a memory). In one embodiment, POS  320  or another device performing the redemption process (e.g., a kiosk of a casino) may communicate with a device storing such information (e.g., CS  305 ). In one embodiment, the POS  320  or other device performing the redemption process may be operable to determine whether the DVD has previously been redeemed by accessing an appropriate database and confirming whether information stored in the database indicates that the DVD has previously been redeemed. In another embodiment, the POS  320  or other device performing the redemption process may forward the information received in steps  2505 - 2515  to another device (e.g., CS  305 ) storing information useful in determining whether a DVD has previously been redeemed and determine that the DVD has not previously been redeemed upon receiving an authorization message or indication from this other device. In some embodiments, the determinations of steps  2520  and  2525  may be performed in a single step and/or by a single device. 
     If it is determined that the DVD has already been redeemed, a message indicating an inability to redeem the DVD is output in step  2530 . For example, a message indicating “previously redeemed” or another appropriate indication may be output (e.g., to a payer attempting to redeem the DVD and/or to a casino attendant facilitating the redemption process, who in turn may communicate this information to the player) and the redemption may be denied. Otherwise, the process  2500  continues to step  2535 . 
     In step  2535 , the redemption value of the DVD is determined. For example, a record of a database associated with the DVD may be accessed and the redemption value may be read from the database. In some embodiments, the redemption value may be encoded on the DVD itself and/or packaging thereof and may be read therefrom (e.g., in addition to or in lieu of accessing a database storing such information). 
     In step  2540 , the redemption value is provided to a player. As described, a redemption value may be provided to a player in many different forms and in a variety of different manners. For example, cash may be handed to the player by a casino attendant or dispensed from a kiosk. In another example, a cashless gaming receipt that may be redeemed at a casino booth or be used for wagering at a GD may be provided, the value of the receipt being based on the redemption value. In yet another example, a check may be mailed to a player. In another example, an electronic and/or financial account associated with the player may be credited based on the redemption value. In some embodiments, a redemption value may correspond to a physical prize to be provided to the player (e.g., a coupon, piece of jewelry, discount booklet, gift certificate or other tangible item). In such embodiments, step  2540  may comprise authorizing a casino attendant to provide the prize to the player. Step  2540  may further comprise storing an indication of the successful redemption of the DVD in a memory (e.g., a status field of the database  1000  of  FIG. 10  may be set to “redeemed”), to prevent the player from redeeming the DVD a second time. Alternatively, such a step of storing an indication of the successful redemption of a DVD may be a distinct step of process  2500 . 
     Referring now to  FIG. 26 , illustrated therein is an example process  2600  for facilitating a batch run of sessions in accordance with one or more embodiments. A batch run of sessions may be characterized as the execution of a batch (or plurality) of sessions (i.e., the generating of outcomes for each session of a plurality of sessions), the sessions being characterized by one or more common parameters. The process  2600  may be performed, for example, by CS  305 , AS  310 , GD  315  or any combination thereof. 
     In step  2605 , a set of parameters is received for a batch run of sessions to be executed. It should be understood that receiving the set of parameters may comprise receiving a specified value for each parameter of the set of parameters. It should further be understood that in some embodiments step  2605  may comprise receiving the specified values for a set of parameters, and not include receiving the parameters themselves. In one embodiment, a GD may receive the set of parameters (and specified values thereof) from a casino employee (e.g., directly or via a CPD), CS  305  or any other appropriate source. The parameters may include, for example, parameters characterizing each of a plurality of sessions to be executed. For example, a number of game plays, a wager per game play, a credit meter balance at which a session should be ended, a number of paylines, a strategy to be employed (e.g., in video poker or other games involving strategy) and/or a starting credit meter balance may comprise one or more of such parameters. One of the parameters may further include a number of sessions to be executed. Other parameters may include, for example, a game, game type, GD, or GD type on which one or more of the plurality of sessions are to be executed. 
     Step  2605  may further include instructions for executing the batch of sessions. For example, the instructions may include an indication of an event based on which the first of the plurality of sessions are to be executed (e.g., a time at which the first of the plurality of session is to be executed). The instructions may include an indication of a manner in which the plurality of sessions are to be executed (e.g., consecutively until the specified number of sessions is executed, concurrently, in between play of a GD by players, one session per specified unit of time, etc.). In some embodiments, at least a portion of the instructions may be included as a parameter in the set of parameters (i.e., the set of parameters and the instructions need not be mutually exclusive). 
     In other embodiments, the instructions for executing the batch of sessions may be programmed into the device receiving the set of parameters and values thereof. Accordingly, in such embodiments the instructions need not be communicated as part of process  2600  (although modifications to programmed instructions may still be communicated as part of process  2600  in some embodiments). 
     In step  2610 , the execution of the batch run of sessions is initiated in accordance with the set of parameters (and values thereof) and the instructions. For example, a GD may begin to generate outcomes for a first session of the batch of sessions. 
     In step  2615 , a record of a batch run database is opened (e.g., a new record is created or an existing record accessed), for storing the information related to the batch of sessions being executed. In other embodiments, such a record may be created as part of another process (e.g., prior to the set of parameters being communicated in step  2605 ). Creating a record in a batch run database may include storing an indication of one or more of the parameters (and/or values thereof) communicated in step  2605  and/or an indication of one or more of the instructions in accordance with which the batch of sessions is being executed. Creating the record may further comprise determining and storing a unique batch identifier for the batch of sessions. It should be noted that such a unique batch identifier may be communicated as part of step  2605 , along with the set of parameters. 
     In step  2620 , information about each session of the batch of sessions is stored in the record. For example, an indication of each outcome (e.g., a payout and/or indicia comprising the outcome) determined for a particular session may be stored. In another embodiments, the indication of each outcome may not be stored but the ending credit meter balance at the conclusion of the session may be stored. 
     In step  2625 , it is determined whether the end of the batch run has been achieved. For example, it may be determined whether the appropriate number of sessions (e.g., as specified by the set of parameters received in step  2605 ) has been executed. In another example, it may be determined whether another event qualifying for ending the batch run of sessions has been achieved (e.g., the GD executing the sessions has malfunctioned). 
     If it is determined that the end of the batch run has been achieved, the process  2600  continues to step  2630 . Otherwise, the process continues to step  2635 . In step  2635  the sessions of the batch run continue to be executed in accordance with the parameters and instructions and the data related thereto continue to be stored in the appropriate record of the batch run database. In step  2630 , an ending time for the batch run is stored, along with any other appropriate information (e.g., information helpful for subsequently auditing the batch run). 
     In some embodiments, pre-packaged game discs may be created based on one or more sets of batch run data. In some embodiments, batch run data may be generated or created by a GD (e.g., an SGD) and/or other computer device (e.g., CS  305 ). For example, batch run data may be determined in accordance with a process such as process  2600 . 
     In some embodiments, a batch run data may represent the result of a plurality of sessions. For example, a GD and/or other computer device may comprise a program for automatically simulating or otherwise executing a plurality of sessions, each session characterized by various parameters (and/or values thereof) or criteria. In some embodiments, the same parameters (and/or values thereof) or criteria may be associated with each session of a particular batch run (e.g., a process by which a particular set of batch run data is created). 
     For example, a GD and/or other computer device may be programmed to execute a batch run (i.e., generate a set of batch run data), each session thereof characterized by various parameters and specified values thereof. Thus, a number of sessions associated with the batch run may first be determined. In some embodiments, this number may correlate to a number of game discs (e.g., DVDs, CD-ROMS or other tangible media) that may later be produced based on the batch run data (e.g., each session corresponds to a particular game disc that will later be created based on the result of the session). For example, it may be determined that one million sessions are to be associated with a batch run (e.g., it is intended that a “batch” of one million game discs are to be produced in association with the set of batch run data). Various entities may make such a determination. For example, in one embodiment, a software program of a computer device may be operable to receive an input from operator, the input indicating a number of sessions to be associated with a batch run (e.g., an operator selects an option indicating a number of sessions, enters a number of sessions using a keyboard, etc.). In one or more embodiments, one or more “default” options may be associated with such a program (e.g., each time a reference run is executed, it defaults to a particular number of sessions). Values for various parameters (e.g., starting balance, wager amount per game play, active pay combinations, and so on) associated with each session may then be determined similarly (e.g., based on input from one or more operators, default options, etc.). 
     For example, it may be determined that a batch run may comprise one million sessions, and that each session may be executed according to the following parameters: (i) the starting credit balance of the session is 80; (ii) one (1) credit will be wagered in association with each game play; (iii) game plays will continue until either (a) the credit balance reaches zero, or (b) 500 game plays have been executed. 
     It should be noted that at least one advantage of performing such a batch run is that a plurality of sets of game discs may then be created based on the batch run (e.g., a reference run generates 1,000,000 session results, but several sets of 1,000,000 game discs are created based on the run). Additionally, such batch runs may be easily audited or secured as desired (e.g., if only one “master” set of batch run data needs to be stored, it may be easier to ensure that such storage is performed in a secure manner, whereas storing larger amounts of data may be burdensome and/or more difficult to secure). 
     As described, in some embodiments, a computer device may be operable to execute a batch run so as to create a set of batch run data. In some embodiments, such a computer device may be operable to simulate gaming sessions with respect to a variety of available game types (e.g., a first video poker game type, a second video poker game type, a first slot machine game type, a second slot machine game type, etc.). Accordingly, a game type may then be selected (e.g., by default, by operator input) in association with such a batch run (e.g., a particular model slot machine game is chosen, the game being characterized by various probabilities of achieving certain outcomes with respect to each game play, the outcomes being associated with various payout amounts, and so on). Thus, a computer device operable to perform at least a portion of a batch run may comprise a software program that simulates game play as it may occur on one or more commercially available GDs. For example, the probabilities, payouts and other features of a game type may be modeled after a particular slot machine available for play in one or more casinos. The software program may then utilize an electronic random number generator to determine outcomes and payouts of one or more particular sessions, using the models to simulate what would happen should such a commercially available GD be utilized with respect to such parameters. Thus, various active pay combinations, paylines, features or other options may be indicated and utilized in association with the game type. 
     Thus, continuing the example wherein the starting credit balance of the session is 80, one credit is wagered in association with each game play and game plays will continue until either (a) the credit balance reaches zero, or (b) 500 game plays have been executed, such a computer device may execute such modeling software to simulate 1,000,000 of such sessions. For example, in the simulation, the first session begins with 80 credits, and after only 375 game plays (e.g., 375 simulated slot machine spins), the credit balance reaches zero (e.g., the final session balance for the first session is zero). In this manner, a plurality of sessions may be simulated. In some embodiment, such a software program (or another software program that receives data related to the batch run) may then be capable of summarizing all such results of a batch run. For example, after a batch run of 1,000,000 sessions is complete, it may be determined that 377,823 sessions resulted in a final session balance of zero, and so on. It should be noted that, in some embodiments, it may be advantageous to determine such summary data before producing a set of game discs (e.g., in an embodiment wherein a first entity produces “high-value” game discs characterized by high final session balances and a second entity produces “low-value” game discs characterized by low final session balances, such an entity may receive and/or otherwise access only batch run data that applies to the entity). 
     Further, in some embodiments, such modeling software may be auditable. For example, a separate software program may work in conjunction with one or more programs used to generate, transmit and/or store such batch run data, such that it may be verified that such a program has authentically generated, transmitted and/or stored such batch run data. In another embodiment, a computer device maintaining such a software program may comprise a communications port connected to the Internet, such that a separate device may communicate with the computer device so as to authenticate/verify batch run data. In another example, batch run data associated with a particular batch run may be stored in a secure database. For example, a set of batch run data may be stored in association with an identifier (e.g., “a batch run identifier” code that uniquely identifies the set of batch run data), and the data may then only be accessed if property security clearance is achieved (e.g., a person operating a software program that accesses such data must enter an appropriate code). 
     In other embodiments, a GD (e.g., an SGD) may be operable to execute a batch run so as to create a set of batch run data. Thus, in some embodiments (e.g., in embodiments in which a GD is operable to execute only a single type of game), a game type and parameters thereof (e.g., active pay combinations) may not need to be determined, as such a GD itself may be utilized (e.g., as opposed to a software simulation of such a GD). Further, in some embodiments, such a GD may be in communication with another computer device. For example, a computer device may comprise a program for sending instructions or commands to a GD (e.g., via any communications network described herein), such that the GD may generate outcomes of one or more sessions according to the parameters of a batch run (e.g., as described with the previous example, the GD is given a starting credit balance of 80, and one credit is wager per game play, such that the session continues until the balance reaches zero or 500 game plays have been executed, whichever comes first). The results of the batch run (e.g., batch run data) may then be stored within the GD and/or transmitted to another device (e.g., AS  310 ), where they may be accessed so as to create game discs based on the batch run data. 
     It should be noted that the exemplary parameters and specified values thereof that are listed above are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be considering limiting in any sense, a variety of other parameters are contemplated and a variety of other parameter values are contemplated. For example, in some embodiments, a credit balance may be allowed to reach a “negative” state (e.g., an amount of credits less than zero) within a particular session (e.g., such that a session may conclude with a balance of −37 credits). In another example, the duration of a session may be expressed in units of time (e.g., the session last 30 minutes) rather than in a number of game plays, and so on. 
     Thus, a GD and/or another computer device may be configured to execute a plurality of sessions associated with a particular batch run (e.g., the sessions are executed continually, such that after a first session is complete, a second session is executed and completed, and so on, until a total number of sessions associated with the batch run is complete). Various data may be recorded in association with the batch run (e.g., a set of batch run data may be determined). For example, a final session balance associated with each session may be determined. Thus, continuing with the previous example, if one million sessions are executed in association with a batch run, a particular and distinct final session balance may be associated with each of the million sessions. For example, as the sessions may be executed until a credit balance reaches zero or 500 game plays have occurred (whichever comes first), a final session balance associated with each session may either be (i) zero credits, or (ii) the balance of credits that results from the 500th game play. Thus, in some embodiments, a respective final session balance may be stored in a database in association with each session of a particular batch run. For example, as illustrated in  FIG. 17A , a batch run database may indicate data associated with a particular set of batch run data such that a set of game discs (e.g., 1,000,000 game discs) may be created based on the data. 
     In some embodiments, at the time a batch run is executed, various data may be stored and/or transmitted in addition to final credit balance data. For example, in association with each game play of a session, a batch run database may additionally store any or all of (i) an outcome received and/or indicia thereof (e.g., “Bar-Bar-Bar”), (ii) a payout amount, (e.g., 50 credits), and/or (iii) one or more media files associated with the outcome (e.g., an animated indication of the game result achieved). It should be noted that, in some embodiments, various identifiers or codes may alternately or additionally be used to represent such data (e.g., as described, rather than store “Bar-Bar-Bar,” a code such as “5621-5621-5621” is stored). 
     Thus, in some embodiments, an “outcome-by-outcome” record may be kept in association with each game play of a session of a batch run. Accordingly, in some embodiments, a game disc may be created based on such a record. For example, in one embodiment, as described previously, a computer system (e.g., AS  310 ) may receive game result data (e.g., outcome and/or payout data) associated with a session, and determine one or more appropriate media files to be stored on a game disc based on the game result data (e.g., the computer system accesses a database similar in structure and/or content to a media files database depicted by  FIG. 11A or 11B ). In another embodiment, content for the disc itself (e.g., media files) may be transmitted from a device that executed a batch run (e.g., a GD and/or other computer) to a device that creates game discs (e.g., stores indications of game results on optical discs, such as AS  310 ). In yet another embodiment, a device that executes a batch run may be configured to create game discs itself. 
     In other embodiments, game discs may be created in association with a particular batch run based only on the respective final session balance associated with each session of the batch run (e.g., other data such as outcome data, payout data, etc. may not be stored and/or transmitted at the time the batch run is executed). In other words, in some embodiments, the individual outcomes of a session of a batch run that resulted in a particular final session balance may not be indicated by a game disc; rather, in some embodiments, the present invention contemplates various methods for determining a final session balance in association with a game disc, and determining one or more alternate indications of outcomes to be used (e.g., alternate media files), so long the indications of the outcomes appearing on the disc result in the desired final session balance (e.g., a credit meter depicted in conjunction with the indications of game results ultimately depicts an appropriate final session balance). Such methods utilize representative outcomes to depict actual outcomes, as described herein. 
     Various methods are contemplated for determining one or more representative outcomes in association with a game disc. 
     In one or more embodiments, representative outcomes may be determined based on historic game play data. In some embodiments, historic game play data may comprise an outcome (e.g., indicia) and/or a payout amount associated with a game play (e.g., which may be identifier by a “game play number”) that has been previously generated. In some embodiments, historic game play data may be generated by a GD and/or computer device (and thus, in some embodiments, historic game play data may be associated with a particular GD identifier). Several such examples are contemplated. In one example, a GD may generate historic game play data. For example, in one embodiment, a database maintained within a GD (or server in communication therewith) may store a plurality of outcomes generated by the GD during conventional play. For example, while a player uses a GD conventionally, data associated with game play of the device is stored, such that it later may be used when determining one or more representative outcomes in association with a game disc. In a further example of such an embodiment, a server in communication with a plurality of GDs may store historic game play data in association with a plurality of GDs. In a further example, a computer device with modeling software may simulate game play of a commercially available GD as described (e.g., the software generates random numbers and compares the numbers to probability/payout tables associated with a commercially available GD), and store outcome and/or payout data. Thus, various methods are contemplated for storing historic game play data en masse. 
     Such historic game play data may be stored in a variety of formats. For example, historic game play data may be stored in a format as described with respect to example record  1800  of an example embodiment of a historic game play database (depicted in  FIG. 18 ). 
     In some embodiments, representative outcomes may be determined based on the historic game play data, batch run data (e.g., one or more final session balances), parameters (and respective values thereof) associated with batch run data and/or one or more game discs to be produced (e.g., wager amount per game play, starting balance, game disc retail price, etc), and so on. Representative outcomes may then be recorded to a game disc such that they are viewable by a player or viewer of the discs, such that a desired final session balance may be indicated as the result of the representative outcomes as represented in a video presentation recorded on the game disc. 
     For example, in one or more embodiments, a number of payout amounts may be selected and/or otherwise identified from a database such as the one depicted by  FIG. 18 , such that as a result of the payouts (e.g., given a particular starting balance and/or wager amount per game play), a desired final session balance is achieved. For example, it may be determined that some number of individual payout amounts indicated by historic game play data must result in a final session balance of zero, given a starting balance of 80 credits and wager amount per game play of one credit. Thus, in one or more embodiments, an historic game play database may be accessed so as to identify a plurality of previously-generated random payout amounts that result in a desired net change in credit balance, after deducting appropriate wager amounts per game play or payout. For example, if a starting credit balance is 80, a wager amount per game play is one, and a final session balance is zero, it may be desirable to identify a plurality of game plays for which the net change in credit balance as a result of associated payouts is −80. Thus, in some embodiments, a database such as that depicted by  FIG. 18  may be accessed to identify a plurality of game plays (e.g., consecutive game plays) for which such criteria are true. 
     For example, an operator of a computer device in communication with such a database may use a software program to enter appropriate criteria (e.g., wager amount per game play, desired net change in credit balance, number of game plays, etc. are entered into appropriate fields indicated by the software program), such that the software program may then search the database based on the criteria to determine a plurality of game plays/payouts that match the criteria. Of course, various other criteria are contemplated (e.g., of a plurality of game plays selected, a minimum of 20% must have an associated payout amount of greater than zero coins). Alternately or additionally, such a software program may be configured to perform a plurality of such searches without further input (e.g., initial search parameters are input, and then several sets of payouts are determined automatically, continually, etc.). 
     In one example of such a process, a batch run of sessions may have been configured with the following exemplary parameters and respective values: (i) 1,000,000 sessions are to be simulated, (ii) the starting credit balance for each session is 80 credits, (iii) the wager amount per game play is one credit, and (iv) each session should end when either (a) the credit balance equals zero, or (b) 500 game plays have been executed/simulated, whichever comes first. Final session balances may in this manner be determined in association with each of the 1,000,000 sessions. Continuing with the example, 1,000,000 game discs may then be created based on the final session balances, using alternate indications of game results based on historic game play data. 
     For example, if the batch run indicates that a particular game disc is to indicate a final session balance of zero credits, an historic game database may be searched according to various criteria, such that a plurality of game plays may be determined, each game play associated with and/or indicated by a payout amount (e.g., a payout amount may represent a particular game play, such as is depicted by  FIG. 18 ). For example, the criteria used for the search may be: (i) any consecutive set of 500 or fewer game plays, (ii) net change in credit balance of −80 (assuming one credit wagered per game play and starting credit balance of 80). Of course, it should be understood that such criteria are exemplary, and that other criteria may be used. For example, the game plays need not be consecutive. In another example, the search criteria may indicate a fixed number of game plays (e.g., exactly 500), such that each game disc created may ultimately display the same number of indications of game results (e.g., each game disc of a batch can be advertised as offering 500 “spins” of a slot machine, even if the final session balance associated with one or more discs was arrived at in fewer or more simulated spins according to parameters (and respective values thereof) of the batch run). Accordingly, in some embodiments, a set of game plays (indicated by payout amounts) may be determined in such a manner. For example, after performing the search, 297 individual payout amounts are identified, each payout amount (e.g., including zero) assumed to be the result of a game play wherein one credit was wagered, such that that by adding up all the payout amounts and subtracting all the wager amounts, a balance of credits is −80. 
     It should be appreciated that as the type of data stored in a historical game play database may not necessarily be particularly burdensome in terms of storage capacity (e.g., perhaps all that is stored is a series of small numbers), a large amount of such data may be stored (e.g., millions or billions of such numbers), such that numerous searches for sets of game results according to certain criteria may indeed be fruitful. 
     Of course, in some embodiments, data of an historical game play database may be stored in a format other than that depicted in the example embodiment depicted in  FIG. 18  (e.g., so as to simplify such calculations and/or searches). For example, rather than store payout amounts associated with game plays (as depicted by  FIG. 18 ), such a database may instead store a plurality of “net change in credit balance per game play” figures. In other words, the entries of such a database may take wagering activity as well as payout amounts into account. For example, if a constant wager amount, such as one credit per game play, may be associated for each game result indicated by the database, each entry of the database may indicate a payout amount minus one credit (e.g., if a payout amount is zero, the “net change in credit balance” is indicated as “−1” in association with a particular game play). Accordingly, in some embodiments, a plurality of databases may store net changes in credit balance per game play, each database associated with a particular wager amount per game play and/or gaming device (e.g., a “Big Texas Oil: 1-credit wager” database versus a “Big Texas Oil: 5-credit wager” database). 
     One or more computer devices described herein may then create one or more game discs based on the identified historic game play data. Continuing with the above example, if a batch run indicates that a particular game disc is to indicate a final session balance of zero credits, and 297 historic game results are identified which satisfy appropriate criteria, content for the game disc may be determined based on the 297 identified historic game results. For example, turning again to  FIG. 18 , a subset of all available historic game plays stored in  FIG. 18  may have been determined. For example, 297 particular consecutive game plays may have been determined, each game play associated with and/or indicated by a payout amount. Thus, in one specific example, 297 consecutive payout amounts may have been determined (e.g., “0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 . . . ” and so on). In one or more embodiments, indications of game results may then be determined, such that a game disc may then be populated with content based on such payout amounts (e.g., such that indications of game results stored on the disc may indicate a series of payout amounts which result in a desired final session balance). 
     For example, turning to  FIG. 11B , which depicts an exemplary) data structure of a media files database, one or more media files may be stored in association with a particular payout amount and/or gaming device. For example, a database may be associated with a particular game, gaming device or gaming device type (e.g., as indicated by an identifier, such as “GD-104567”). The database may then store one or more media files in association with one or more payout amounts. As described, media files may indications of game results in association with the particular payout amount (e.g., media files associated with a payout amount of “0” depict a gaming device&#39;s output of a game result wherein no credits are earned), and may be stored in a variety of formats (e.g., static graphic images or icons such as .GIF or .JPG files, animated audio/video files such as .MOV or .MPEG files, and so on). Thus, if an identified set of historic game results indicates a first payout amount is zero (e.g., as is the case in “0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 . . . ”) a media files database (e.g., such as the one illustrated in  FIG. 11B ) may be accessed so as to determine an appropriate indication of a game result based on the payout amount. For example, turning to  FIG. 11B , record R 1100 B- 1  indicates that if a payout amount is “0,” a media file “M-000001” may be appropriate for use. It should be appreciated that any number of such media files may be stored in association with a particular payout amount. For example, in one embodiment, only one media file is stored in association with each payout amount (e.g., if the gaming device is a slot machine, only one type of winning combination of symbols yields each particular payout amount). However, in other embodiments, a plurality of media files may depict a game result associated with a particular payout amount (e.g., a plurality of media files depict a variety of non-winning slot machine symbol combinations, each combination resulting in a payout amount of zero). Thus, in some embodiments, when selecting a particular media file (e.g., to illustrate a payout amount of “0”), it may be determined that any one of a plurality of media files may be appropriate for use (e.g., and thus, a file may be randomly selected from a particular group of files). 
     In this manner, a game disc may be populated with indications of game results (e.g., media files) based on a set of historic game results. For example, continuing with the example, wherein a set of 297 game results were identified, the first few of which indicate payout amounts of “0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 . . . ” (and so on), after first identifying a media file that depicts a game result of “0,” another file may then be determined which depicts “0,” after which a media file may be determined that depicts a payout of “5,” and so on. Of course, indications of game results ultimately may not be indicated or stored on a game disc in the same order in which associated game results were indicated by an historic game play database. For example, after identifying a set of payout amounts from an historic game play database, the payouts within the set may then be shuffled, randomized and/or reordered in any manner as seen fit by an operator; or, in another embodiment, media files may first be determined in a sequence indicated by an historic game play database, but then the media files may be shuffled, randomized and/or reordered before they are stored on a game disc. 
     Further, in some embodiments, it may be desirable to represent one or more payouts in the form of a “bonus round” presentation rather than as a traditional outcome (e.g., a hand of cards, an array of slot machine symbols, etc.). Several methods are contemplated for incorporating such bonus round presentations in lieu of traditional outcomes when creating game discs. For example, when identifying a media file in association with payout by using a database such as the one depicted by  FIG. 11B , one or more indicated media files may comprise a bonus round presentation rather than a traditional slot machine outcome (e.g., an animation of a bonus round is stored in the database, rather than an animation depicting the spinning and resolution of slot machine reels). In a more specific example, if it is desired to identify a media file in association with a payout of “80,” numerous different media files may be associated with such a payout amount, one or more of which may depict a traditional outcome, and one or more of which depict a bonus round presentation (e.g., an animation depicts a gift wrapped box opening to reveal an 80-credit bonus). 
     Various rules may then be used to determine whether a traditional outcome or bonus presentation is selected. In one example, a random media file may be selected from all available media files associated with a particular payout amount (e.g., if a payout amount is “0” and there are 108 available media files associated with “0,” a random number between 1 and 108 may be generated, and a media file may be selected based on the random number), such that it may be possible for either a bonus presentation or a traditional outcome to be incorporated. It should be noted that, as it may be conventional for a slot machine to first present a “bonus-triggering” traditional outcome (e.g., the reels spin and resolve to “Bonus-Bonus-Bonus”), such may be incorporated into a bonus presentation of the present invention (e.g., each media file depicting a bonus presentation includes a “lead-in” animation of slot machine reels resolving to a bonus-triggering outcome, followed by the bonus presentation). In another embodiment, media files depicting traditional outcomes may first be determined, and then a protocol may be used for supplanting various media files depicting traditional outcomes with media files depicting bonus round presentations. For example, after 297 media files depicting traditional outcomes have been determined, it may be determined (e.g., according to a stored rule and/or operator input) that a certain number of media files depicting traditional outcomes are to be replaced with media files depicting equivalent bonus round presentations (e.g., bonus round presentations associated with the same payout amount, perhaps as indicated by a separate database for storing such media files depicting bonus round presentations). It should be noted that the above methods may be used to distinguish between the selection of any two types of media files, not limited to just traditional outcome and bonus presentations (e.g., media files depicting two different types of casino game result, such as a slot machine game result and a video poker machine game result, and so on). 
     Thus, one or more embodiments of the present invention contemplate methods for (i) executing a batch run, (ii) accessing historic game play data based on the results of the batch run, and (iii) creating game discs based on the batch run data and historic game play data. For example, a batch of one million game discs may be created, each disc associated with a particular final session balance indicated by an associated batch run, the media files of each disc ultimately depicting a desired final session balance, though which media files are used may be determined at least in part based on historic game play data (e.g., as described, some randomization may occur when selecting a media file associated with a particular payout amount). 
     Of course, it should be understood that a variety of devices described herein may execute and/or facilitate such process steps. For example, in one embodiment, a single computer device may be operable to execute a batch run, access historic game play data, and create one or more game discs based on the batch run data and historic game play data. For example, such a device may comprise (i) one or more software programs (e.g., for executing or facilitating the execution of various process steps, such as generating random numbers and determining outcomes and/or payouts based on the random numbers, for copying one or more media files to a disc and encoding the disc such that is readable by a DVD player or DVD-ROM drive, etc.), (ii) a memory (e.g., for storing one or more described databases), and/or (iii) various hardware for storing content on one or more game discs (e.g., an optical device for storing files upon a disc). Of course, such a device may or may not receive input from one or more human operators during various phases of such a process (e.g., an operator enters criteria indicating how many sessions a batch run should comprise, enters parameters for simulating or executing each session, criteria for identifying sets of historic game results, provides blank discs such that a device may store media files on them, and so on). Further, in some embodiments, such a computer device may be operable to execute a plurality of such process steps, though the device itself may not maintain one or more databases storing necessary data (e.g., one or more other devices may store such data, and transmit the data to the computing device via any communications network described herein). 
     In other embodiments, a plurality of devices described herein may execute and/or facilitate such process steps. For example, as described, a GD (e.g., a SGD) may be used to generate random numbers and/or determine outcomes and/or payouts, and transmit such data to another computer device. 
     Further, in one or more embodiments, a first computer device may execute a batch run. The first computer device may then store batch run data and/or transmit batch run data to a second computer device. The second computer device may then determine indications of game results (e.g., one or more media files) to be stored on one or more game discs based on the batch run data (e.g., based on the results of a particular session of the batch run). The second device may then either create one or more game discs based on the determined indications of game results, or may transmit such determined content to a third computer device, which may operate only to receive and/or access content for game discs and produce the discs based on the received indications of game results. Of course, variations to such embodiments are contemplated. For example, a third computer device may either (i) receive and/or access indications of game results (e.g., media files) in association with a plurality of discs (e.g., a plurality of media files are associated with a particular game disc identifier in a database), and then create a plurality of discs, or (i) receive and/or access indications of game results in association with a first game disc, create the first game disc based on the indications of game results, after which the device receives and/or accesses indications of game results associated with a second game disc, and creates the second game disc based on the indications of game results, etc. 
     Various alternate or additional methods for determining representative outcomes in association with one or more game discs are contemplated. 
     For example, in one embodiment, one or more pre-arranged series of representative outcomes may be associated with one or more final session balances. In some embodiments, a pre-arranged series of representative outcomes may comprise a series of individual payout amounts that result in a particular final session balance. For example, a database may indicate one or more series of pre-arranged indications of game results associated with a particular final session balance. Accordingly, when representative outcomes are desired in association with a final session balance (e.g., when it is desired to determine content for a game disc associated with a particular final session balance), a pre-arranged set of representative outcomes may be determined (e.g., by accessing a database and retrieving the series of representative outcomes that corresponds to the particular session balance in a record of the database). Thus, in one example, when it comes time to populate a game disc with indications of game, and the disc has a final session balance of 57 credits, one or more particular sets of representative outcomes corresponding to a final session balance of 57 credits may be selected. 
     In some embodiments, it may be desirable for a plurality of such sets of representative outcomes to be associated with a single final session balance, such that it may be possible to create a wide variety of game discs during manufacturing. For example, in one or more embodiments, a pre-arranged set of representative outcomes may be selected at random from a large pool of such pre-arranged sets (e.g., such that a plurality of players each receiving game discs ending in the same final session balance may not necessarily view similar indications of outcomes). 
     In some embodiments, such a set of pre-arranged representative outcomes may indicate only payout amounts associated with each game result, such that after the set is determined, one or media files may then be accessed based on the indicated payout amounts (e.g., as described previously such as by accessing a database similar in content and structure to that depicted by  FIG. 11B ). In another embodiment, such a set of pre-arranged representative outcomes may simply comprise a stored set of media files in association with a particular final session balance (e.g., the media files ultimately indicating the desired final session balance). In another example, a pre-arranged set of representative outcomes may comprise one stored media file associated with a final session balance, the stored media file depicting a plurality of animated game plays in sequence, the animated game plays ultimately resulting in a desired final session balance. For example, a database may correlate a set of indications of outcomes (e.g., a singular media file depicting a plurality of animations) to a final session balance, in association with a particular gaming device (or gaming device type). In this manner, a set of representative outcomes may be determined in association with a final session balance and/or gaming device. 
     It should be noted that one advantage of an embodiment wherein sets of pre-arranged representative outcomes are used may be a reduction in time and/or cost associated with potentially more complex methods of determining representative outcomes (e.g., searching through historic game results based on various search criteria). Further, such sets of indications game results may be arranged in advance (e.g., by an operator) such that they are characterized by various desirable marketing criteria. For example, operators may desire to market game discs with frequent, low value payouts, and sets of representative outcomes may then be arranged accordingly. In another example, operators may determine that customers are happier when such game discs conclude with several indications of winning game results (e.g., players win toward the end of the disc, perhaps leaving them feeling more satisfied). 
     In some embodiments, it may be desirable to test such pre-arranged sets of representative outcomes in an effort to discover how enjoyable one or more players may find them to be (e.g., according to a survey or other measured response, a first set is determined to be more enjoyable to watch than a second set). Further, in some embodiments, a player may indicate a preference toward a certain type of pre-arranged set of representative outcomes. For example, a player may indicate the player prefers long winning streaks; large payouts toward the end of a session; large payouts toward the beginning of the session; frequent, smaller payouts; and so on (though ultimately, as described, the same final session balance may be indicated). 
     A variety of such criteria are contemplated, such that operators may manufacture such pre-arranged sets of representative outcomes so as to ultimately create game discs they may perceive to be more marketable. In some embodiments, operators may construct such sets of representative outcomes according to the following exemplary criteria: (i) the frequency of payouts indicated by the discs must occur at or above a certain threshold (e.g., at least one payout every x game results); (ii) discs must contain one or more indications of payouts above a certain threshold (e.g., at least one payout greater than 30 credits); (iii) individual payouts indicated by the discs must be ordered according to some other criteria (e.g., a certain number of consecutive payouts is desired, all discs should begin and/or end on a winning game result, and so on); (iv) a credit balance, as influenced by a set of indications of game results and displayed on a disc, may (a) never go negative (e.g., no further credits are deducted from wagering activity unless the balance is positive), (b) go negative, but only for a certain duration (e.g., 30 game plays), (c) go negative, but only until a certain limit is reached (e.g., once a balance hits −100, no further credits are deducted from wagering activity unless the balance reaches −99 or higher), or (d) go negative without boundary (e.g., such that a disc may conclude indicating any credit balance less than “0,” though the player may not owe any further payment, such that any balance less than “0” is essentially treated like “0” for purposes of redemption/payment); (v) discs must contain (a) no negative or “whammy” outcomes (i.e., outcomes which reduce a credit balance by more than a wager amount), or (b) a minimum or maximum amount of negative outcomes; etc. One or more pre-arranged sets of representative outcomes may then be created based on such criteria, as well as other parameters (e.g., operator-indicated parameters, such as number of game plays, wager amount per game play, net change in credit balance, and so on). 
     In some embodiments, rather than create a pre-arranged set of representative outcomes based on such criteria, one or more algorithms may be constructed such that a set of representative outcomes may be generated and/or determined on an as-needed basis. For example, such sets of representative outcomes may be generated “on-demand,” such that a unique set of game results according to certain criteria may be generated in association with the production of each game disc. For example, a software program of the present invention may operate to receive certain parameters (and respective values thereof), constraints or criteria, and generate game results based on those parameters (and respective values thereof), constraints or criteria. For example, an operator may desire a set of game results according to the following criteria: (i) final session balance must be 57 credits, (ii) the session duration (e.g., number of game results in the set) is 500 game plays, (iii) all payout amounts must coincide with the available payout amounts for a particular type of game (e.g., a particular slot machine pay schedule), (iv) the credit balance may not go negative, (v) there must be one winning game result at least every 10 game plays, (vi) there must be at least one payout larger than 49 coins, (vii) the disc must end on a winning outcome. In this manner, an operator (e.g., using a software program of the present invention) may configure representative outcomes to be associated with a game disc in a manner such that game discs may ultimately be characterized by various desired properties (e.g., frequent or large payouts, etc.). 
     In further embodiments, methods are contemplated wherein a game disc may comprise both (i) one or more actual outcomes associated with a session of a batch run (e.g., such that a game disc may indicate one or more “outcome-by-outcome” results, as they would have appeared in an associated batch run session), and (ii) one or more representative outcomes. In other words, a combination of both actual indications and alternate indications of game results may be incorporated when creating a came disc (or providing indications of game results in some other manner). Various such methods are contemplated. For example, in some embodiments, one or more particular sessions of a batch run may indicate a final session balance of zero credits (or fewer, such as a negative balance of credits). Thus, as viewing a series of outcomes that ultimately present a balance of zero credits may represent a discouraging experience for a player, one or more representative outcomes may be determined so as to create an experience that is more entertaining or exciting. 
     For example, in some embodiments, actual outcomes may be incorporated for a first portion of a game disc, and representative outcomes may then be incorporated for a second portion. For example, a session of a batch run may have been executed in association with creating a “500 slot spins” game disc, though during the session, a credit balance may have reached zero credits in fewer than 500 game plays (e.g., after only 147 game plays), such that the session would then be terminated somewhat rapidly (e.g., reaching zero credits being a terminating parameter associated with the session). Accordingly, a point (e.g., number of game plays) before which such a credit balance reaches zero may be identified (e.g., the 146th game play is the last game play yielding a credit balance greater than zero). Accordingly, actual outcomes may be used for all game results indicated up until such a point (e.g., up to and including the 146th game play, an outcome-by-outcome record of game results are indicated by a first portion of a game disc). However, from that point forward, representative outcomes may be used. For example, if a player has purchased a “500 slot spins” game disc, a number of representative outcomes may be determined. For example, such a number may be equal to the total number of indications to be presented, minus the number of actual outcomes used to represent a first portion of the game disc (e.g., the player must be shown 500 indications of game results, and 146 will be shown as actual outcomes achieved during a related session, so therefore 354 representative outcomes may be determined). 
     In some embodiments, such a number of representative outcomes may then be utilized so as to ultimately depict a final session balance of zero credits. For example, an ending credit balance of a first portion may be determined (e.g., a balance of 1 credit was achieved as a result of the 146th game play), and based on such a balance, the representative outcomes of a second portion may be selected such that a net change in credit balance associated with the second portion ultimately yields a credit balance of zero when considering the ending credit balance of the first portion (e.g., the ending credit balance associated with a first portion is one credit, and the ending credit balance associated with a second portion is −1 credit, such that a final credit balance may be zero credits). Accordingly, representative outcomes may then be determined, selected, or generated based on such criteria via one or more methods described herein (e.g., generated according to an algorithm, selected from a pool of historic game results, and so on). It should of course be noted that it may be desirable to perform such a process whereby a final session balance other than zero credits is indicated. 
     Additional Description of Some Embodiments 
     It should be noted that a player and/or casino agent may input parameters (and values thereof) desired for a session via many varies means (e.g., as alternatives to using one or more of a GD  315 , POS  320  or a CPD  325 ). For example, a kiosk, set top box of hotel room TV, a Web page interface, a handheld casino device, a cellular telephone or landline telephone may be used to input such information. Further, any and all such means may be used by a player to input payment for a session or DVD. For example, a player selecting a DVD from a display in his hotel room may use a set top box of the TV in his room to enter a financial account identifier to provide payment for the DVD. In another embodiment, the price of the DVD may automatically be charged to the player&#39;s hotel room bill upon it being determined (e.g., during a cleaning of his room) that the DVD as been taken from the display. 
     In some embodiments in which outcomes are generated at a GD by a casino attendant (e.g., on behalf of a particular player), players may not be present to view the generation of outcomes at the GD. Accordingly, substantially lavish graphical presentations (or, for example, the spinning of mechanical reels) that typically accompany the generation of outcomes may not be necessary. In fact, in some embodiments, without a need to entertain players at the time the outcomes are generated, graphic presentations or accompanying mechanical reel spins may either be (i) expedited considerably (e.g., a video display screen outputs 1,000 consecutive animations of spinning reels in the course of a few minutes), (ii) presented in an alternate fashion (e.g., a display screen simultaneously depicts 1,000 symbol arrays), and/or (iii) abandoned altogether (e.g., outcomes are generated and stored or output as described elsewhere herein, but not presented in a conventional visual fashion). 
     Accordingly, a GD consistent with one or more embodiments may comprise a special “session outcome generation” mode accessible only by authorized persons (e.g., by casino attendants, and not by players). In such a session outcome generation mode, a GD may be capable of rapidly generating outcomes pursuant to a session characterized by certain parameters. For example, upon receiving instructions defining one or more parameters (and values thereof) of a session from a casino attendant, a GD may use a random number generator to rapidly generate a plurality of random numbers, which may correlate to outcomes as specified by a probability database, an exemplary tabular representation of which is depicted by  FIG. 15 . It should be appreciated that other methods of generating outcomes are known in the art and need not be detailed further herein. 
     As stated, in some embodiments, such a mode of operation may only be made available to authorized persons. Thus, in some embodiments, a process of authorizing a GD to enter a session outcome generation mode (e.g., as performed by a GD  315  or CS  305 ) may comprise granting access to such a mode of operation. 
     Access to such a mode of operation may be granted in a variety of manners. For example, in one or more embodiments, a GD may be configured to receive an access code from a casino attendant. 
     For example, a casino attendant may actuate an input device of a GD (e.g., by pressing a button or an icon of a touch-sensitive display screen) requesting to access such a mode of operation. Upon receiving such an input, a GD or other device in communication with the GD (e.g., CS  305 ) may be configured to output a request to receive an access code or to cause such a request to be output to the player. The casino attendant may then use an input device to enter an access code. For example, the casino attendant may enter a numeric or alphanumeric code via a keypad or touch-sensitive display screen. The casino attendant may have received such a code when receiving an instruction to execute the session at the GD (e.g., the access code may be provided to the casino attendant via a CPD, along with an instruction to execute the session). In some embodiments, an access code may be provided to one or more casino attendant for use in executing sessions on GDs and may not be unique to a particular session. In some embodiments, an access code may be unique to a GD while in other embodiments it may not be. An access code may be determined or generated, for example, by CS  305 . 
     In some embodiments, a process for authorizing a GD to enter a session outcome generation mode may comprise determining whether a received access code is valid. For example, in one or more embodiments, a database (not shown) maintained by a GD or other device in communication therewith (e.g., CS  305 ) may contain a list of valid access codes, such that when an access code is received, it may be compared to the list to determine whether or not it is valid. In some embodiments, access codes may expire (e.g., upon one use, so as to prevent repeated fraudulent access), and accordingly, a device (e.g., a GD  315 ) may be configured to write to such a database (e.g., so as to eliminate a record of an access code, such that it may not be considered valid if received thereafter or to update a status of an access code to reflect its use and/or expiration). 
     Of course, various other methods of determining whether a user should be granted access to such a mode of operation are contemplated. For example, in one embodiment, a casino attendant desiring to access such a session outcome generation mode may simply insert or otherwise provide a card or identifier (e.g., in the form of a plastic magnetic stripe-based card similar to a player tracking card, a smart card, etc.). Upon receiving the card or identifier, a device (e.g., GD) may determine whether or not access should be granted to the session outcome generation mode. For example, a card reader device may read a magnetic stripe to determine whether a valid access code is encoded thereon. In another example, a reader device may access a memory of a smart card to determine whether a valid code is stored in memory thereon. 
     In other embodiments, authorized users may be granted access to such a session outcome generation mode via biometric means. For example, in some embodiments, a GD may comprise iris or retinal scanning means, voice detection means, and so on. 
     In still further embodiments, a GD may electronically receive a signal indicating that a session outcome generation mode is to be entered. For example, a server device (e.g., CS  305 ) may transmit an instruction or signal to a GD  315  instructing that a session is to be executed. Such an instruction may include an indication of the parameters of the session (and values thereof). In another embodiment, such an instruction or signal may originate from a CPD  325  or other computing device. For example, a casino attendant stationed at a location within a casino receives a request from a player to execute a session on his behalf, and the casino attendant uses a CPD or other computing device to transmit an instruction or signal that instructs the GD to execute the session. It should be noted that, in some embodiments wherein such electronic instructions or signals requesting the execution of a session are received, an accompanying access code or other means of authentication or verification may or may not be required. 
     In some embodiments wherein a session may be executed by a casino attendant or other authorized user interfacing with a GD, a program stored within a GD may, upon receiving a valid request to access a session outcome generation mode, cause various component devices (e.g., output devices) to reconfigure, such that an authorized user may facilitate the execution of the session. For example, upon entering a session outcome generation mode, a display device (e.g., a touch-sensitive display screen) may be configured to output a menu screen offering selectable options that would facilitate a user (e.g., a casino attendant) executing a session (e.g., on behalf of a particular player).  FIG. 28  depicts an exemplary illustration such a menu screen. 
     Such selectable options may in essence allow a user to configure parameters associated with a session (i.e., to input values for each relevant parameter). For example, after entering a valid access code, a casino attendant may be presented with the menu screen and begin to configure various parameters of a session before having the GD execute the session, using a menu interface depicted by  FIG. 28 . 
     In some embodiments, a physical, non-electronic record of desired session parameters may be received from a player purchasing a session. For example, a player may have filled out a paper form, selecting (e.g., marking with a writing instrument) various session parameter values (e.g., wager amount per game play, number of game plays, etc.). In another example, a casino attendant operating a computing device (e.g., CPD  325 ) may issue a printed record of session parameters. In either case, a casino attendant may use such a physical record of session parameters for the purposes of entering desired session parameter values when configuring a GD for executing a session. 
     For example, when instructed to execute a particular session (e.g., identified by a unique session identifier), a casino attendant may be provided with such a physical form indicating associated parameters and values thereof. The casino attendant may then locate (e.g., using GD database  800 ) the one or more GDs on which the session is to be executed. In some embodiments, the one or more GDs may be identified by the player purchasing the session (e.g., the player may have specified a particular GD, a type of GD, a characteristic of a GD, etc.). After locating the GD and accessing a session outcome generation mode, the casino attendant may read from the paper form, and enter session parameter values using a menu interface. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 27 , illustrated therein are three distinct examples  2705 ,  2710  and  2715 , of tickets that may be printed by a GD, each ticket having an indication of a result of a session printed thereon. A ticket such as one of the three depicted in  FIG. 27  may be printed, for example, for auditing purposes, placed in a DVD jewel case for a player to use to redeem a payment associated with the DVD, and/or used to provide an indication to a device (e.g., AS  310 ) of one or more outcomes of a session, the latter for purposes of creating a video representation of the outcomes for recording onto a DVD. Such tickets are referred to as “session results tickets” herein, as they typically store an indication of one or more results (e.g., payouts, sum of payouts) of a session. 
     Of course, a session results ticket may store an indication of other information associated with a session as well, such as an indication of one or more parameters defining a session and/or values thereof. Examples of such other information include, without limitation, (i) an end credit meter balance of the session; (ii) a price of the session; (iii) a beginning credit meter balance for the session; (iv) a number of outcomes generated for the session; (iv) a player associated with the session; (v) a casino attendant associated with the session; (vi) a time and/or date at which the session was initiated and/or completed; (vii) a gaming device at which the session was conducted, (viii) a game for which the outcomes of the session were generated; (ix) a casino at which the ticket was generated and/or is redeemable; and (x) a unique session identifier associated with the ticket. 
     In one embodiment of a session results ticket, that is printed for a three-reel slot machine game, each outcome of a three-reel slot machine game, as well as a corresponding payout information, appears as text. Such a ticket is illustrated as ticket  2715  in  FIG. 27 . Using conventional TITO tickets (measuring 2.5″×6″; or approximately 6.35 cm×15.24 cm) and TITO ticket printing technology, text regarding a substantial number of outcomes may be printed on a ticket in this manner. Several of such tickets may be used as necessary (e.g., a program stored within the memory of a GD instructs a printer device to print twenty (20) tickets, each with fifty (50) game results of a 1,000 spin session). Exemplary paper tickets suitable for use according to such embodiments are sold by Slot-Tickets.com™ of Memphis, Tenn. Of course, other methods of printing an indication of outcomes of a session are contemplated. For example, rather than print an indication of a limited number of outcomes on a small, conventional ticket, a GD may comprise a roll of receipt paper similar to those known and used in common retail systems, such that an indication of a substantially large number of outcomes may be printed on one contiguous piece of paper (e.g., which may be torn off by a casino attendant or other authorized person after printing is complete). Such printing may occur at any time during or after the execution of a session. A printed record of a result of a session may not only be desired by players (who may view the record at a later time), but also may be filed or stored by a casino or other entity for auditing purposes (e.g., regulations may require that such printed records exist). 
     In some embodiments, an authorized person (e.g., casino employee) may specify that a GD print a conventional “cashout ticket” indicating a balance of credits and/or currency at the conclusion of the execution of a session. 
     In one or more embodiments, an indication of a result of a session may be printed in an encoded or encrypted form or a form that is readable by a device but not easily discernable by a person. For example, a high-density barcode (e.g., see “video ticket”) may encode a result of a session. Such encoded data may then be used to render a video presentation of outcomes, which may be viewed remotely by a player who has purchased a DVD on which outcomes representative of the result of the session are recorded. For example, text, numerals or other symbols or indicia stored within a session database (e.g., a series of outcome identifiers) may be encoded such that they are represented graphically by a barcode such as a high-density barcode. 
     In some embodiments, various parameters or settings of a GD and/or session may be set to “default” (e.g., a GD automatically prints a cashout ticket, video ticket and game result ticket upon the conclusion of an executed session). In some embodiments, an authorized person (e.g., a casino employee executing the session or causing the GD to execute the session) may alter one or more of these parameters from the default sessions. In other embodiments, such an authorized person may not be authorized to alter certain settings. 
     In some embodiments, an entity (e.g., an operator of a AS  310 ) may determine session result data from a session results ticket. For example, if the session results ticket includes an indication of a session result encoded in barcode form, the session result may be determined by scanning a barcode of a session result ticket (e.g., such as the bar code of example session results ticket  2715 . Such a barcode may encode, for example, a session identifier, a series of outcome identifiers and one or more associated GD identifiers. 
     In one embodiment, a device (e.g., AS  310 ) may comprise software to create a video representation of outcomes for recording onto a DVD based on session result data, such as may be determined from a session results ticket. For example, AS  310  may receive session result data associated with a session in a manner such that AS  310  need not communicate via an electronic network with a casino for purposes of obtaining such session result data, but may rather be operable to receive session result data via session result tickets. The AS  310  may be further operable to assemble video representations of outcomes based on such tickets and supply such video representations (e.g., in the form of DVDs on which such video representations are recorded) to players and/or casinos for subsequent sale to players. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 28 , illustrated therein is a menu  2800  that may be presented to a person (e.g., a player and/or casino attendant) for entering values of parameters to define a session. Such a menu may be utilized, for example, by a player who desires to order a DVD of outcomes. A player may define a session of outcomes to be generated via such a menu. In another example, such a menu may be utilized by a casino attendant who is directing a gaming device to generate a plurality of outcomes for a session (either on behalf of a particular player or prior to any player ordering or purchasing such a session). The menu  2800  may be displayed, for example, via a GD, kiosk, CPD, or other device. 
     As illustrated, in some embodiments a variety of parameters may be configured to define a session. For example, a wager amount per game play (actual or average) may be selected or indicated. In another example, a duration of the session (e.g., in terms of number of game plays, time, or ending event) may be selected or indicated. In yet another example, a speed with which outcomes are to be generated, played back and/or represented may be selected. In yet another example, a number of payout combinations or particular payout combinations to be active for the session may be selected or indicated. In yet another example, an option for displaying the generated outcomes may be selected (e.g., such an option may only be available if the session is being defined by a casino attendant but not if it is being defined by a player, as this would spoil the player&#39;s enjoyment of subsequently viewing the outcomes via a DVD). In yet another example, an option for storing the results may be selected (such an option may, in some embodiments, include several options for how (e.g., on what medium, on what device, as each is generated vs. once all are generated, etc.) the outcomes are to be stored. In yet another example, an option for printing a ticket or receipt indicative of the result of the session (e.g., a session results ticket) may be selected. Of course, other types of parameters may be presented and defined (e.g., a GD or type of GD on which the session is to be executed, a game for which the outcomes are to be generated, a time at which the session is to be executed, a strategy to be employed in making decisions during game play, etc.). 
     Once a session is defined via the menu  2800 , the person defining the session may indicate a confirmation that the session is to be executed. Such a confirmation may, in some embodiments, cause a GD to immediately or substantially immediately execute the session in accordance with the parameter values indicated via the menu  2800 . In other embodiments, such a confirmation may cause the session to be scheduled or entered into a queue, for subsequent execution by a GD (e.g., upon an availability of an appropriate GD). 
     It should be understood that in some embodiments a value for a particular parameter (e.g., number of game plays defining a session) may be selected from a menu of pre-defined choices while in other embodiments a value may be entered without selecting from pre-defined choices (e.g., person can select any number of game plays or any number within a pre-defined range of numbers). 
     For example, turning again to  FIG. 28 , the casino attendant may select a wager amount of 75¢ per game play and a session duration of 1,000 game plays. The casino attendant may then select a speed setting. A speed setting may govern the rate at which outcomes are generated during the session. For example, if a casino attendant selects a “real time” option, outcomes may be automatically generated at a substantially conventional pace (as they normally would in a standard mode of operation, taking several seconds to reveal each outcome). In another example, a casino attendant may select an option that multiplies the standard rate of outcome generation by some factor (e.g., outcomes will be generated “ten times faster”). In yet another example, a casino attendant may select an option that specifies a rate per unit time at which outcomes may be generated (e.g., “100 spins per minute”). In yet another example, a casino attendant may select an option that “instantly” or substantially instantly generates results for all game plays associated with a session. It should be understood that many if not all GDs possess the processing power to generate thousands if not hundreds of thousands of random numbers in as little as one second, facilitating the rapid or seemingly “instant” generation of such game results. 
     Various other parameters for a session may also be configured. For example, a casino attendant may specify one or more active pay combinations associated with a session (e.g., “BAR-BAR-BAR” is active, though “DOUBLE JACKPOT” is not). 
     Further, a casino attendant may configure various display options associated with the execution of the session. As stated, without the need to entertain a player (who may not be present for execution of one or more game plays associated with a session), graphic presentations or other visual accompaniments commonly employed by GDs may either be (i) expedited considerably (e.g., a video display screen outputs 1,000 consecutive animations of spinning reels in the course of a few minutes), (ii) presented in an alternate fashion (e.g., a display screen simultaneously depicts 1,000 symbol arrays), and/or (iii) abandoned altogether (e.g., outcomes are generated and stored or output as described elsewhere herein, but not presented in a conventional visual fashion). Accordingly, a casino attendant may have an opportunity to select various display options. For example, in one embodiment, a casino attendant may select an option such that graphics, animations, sounds, the spinning of mechanical reels, etc. may be eliminated entirely. In another embodiment, a casino attendant may indicate that the GD should simultaneously display a plurality of game results at the same time (e.g., 50 hands of 5-card stud poker are displayed at once). In another embodiment, a casino attendant may specify the amount of time that one or more game results should be presented before another game result or set of game results are presented (e.g., simultaneously display 50 outcomes of a 5-reel, video slot machine for 10 seconds, then display the next set of 50). 
     In further embodiments, a casino attendant may (i) select whether or not game results are to be stored and/or transmitted electronically, and/or (ii) identify a manner in which game results are to be stored and/or transmitted electronically. For example, by pressing an icon of a touch-sensitive display screen, a casino attendant may indicate that all game results associated with a session should be stored electronically in a session database (e.g., such as session database  425  or active sessions database  435 ). 
     In one embodiment, a casino attendant may specify a location to which game results are to be transmitted electronically (e.g., CS  305  and/or AS  310 , etc.). In one embodiment, a casino attendant may indicate that gaming results are to be stored on a smart card currently inserted into a reader device in communication with the GD generating the outcomes for the session (e.g., such that a smart card may be associated with a session, and the results stored thereon such that they later may be accessed for auditing, accounting or any other purposes). Such storage or transmission may occur at any time during or after the execution of a session (e.g., game results are individually stored as they are generated; game results are stored in RAM while they are being generated, then written to ROM and erased from RAM; and so on). 
     In one example of executing a session in accordance with defined parameters, a number of game plays may then be executed in accordance with the configured parameters. For example, 1,000 game plays of a three-reel slot machine at a wager amount of 75¢ per game play may be executed using an “instant” speed option, such that outcomes and associated payout amounts are generated as rapidly as possible. Visual indications of such game results may then, if desired, be output via a display device (e.g., a casino attendant may optionally “scroll” through screens simultaneously depicting 100 outcomes each, after they have been generated). Further, the result of the session may be output as described herein (e.g., a session results ticket may be printed and/or an indication of the session result may be transmitted to another device). It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the execution of a plurality of game plays (i.e., generation of outcomes) may occur in a substantially automatic manner. For example, once a person requests that a session be executed, the outcome generation for the session may occur without further input from the person. For example, it may not be required for the person to actuate a “spin” button or other game play initiation mechanism in association with each game play; rather, the GD may be configured to execute game plays without interaction from the person. Further, a GD may be configured to execute a game play without deducting a wager amount from a credit balance, or by deducting a wager amount from a credit balance, even if the balance is “negative” or “zero,” and so on. Such methods are described in commonly-owned U.S. application Ser. No. 10/635,986, filed Aug. 7, 2003, entitled “SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR REMOTE AUTOMATED PLAY OF GAMING DEVICES”; U.S. application Ser. No. 10/636,520, filed Aug. 7, 2003, entitled “SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR COMMUNICATING GAME SESSION INFORMATION”; and U.S. Pat. No. 6,012,983, filed Dec. 30, 1996, entitled “AUTOMATED PLAY GAMING DEVICE”; the entirety of each are incorporated by reference herein for all purposes. 
     Thus, in some embodiments, a person such as a casino attendant or player may configure a GD such that it executes a session in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein. In other embodiments, a GD may be configured to execute a session without receiving input from a person. 
     As stated, in some embodiments of the present invention, a gaming device may be configured to execute a plurality of game plays on the player&#39;s behalf while the player is not present. Accordingly, as described, a gaming device may be configured to operate in a “remote contract” mode wherein a plurality of outcomes may be generated relatively rapidly. 
     Further, in some embodiments and as described with respect to  FIG. 28 , a casino attendant may (i) select whether or not game results are to be printed (e.g., using a “TITO” device), and/or (ii) identify a manner in which game results are to be printed. For example, by pressing an icon of a touch-sensitive display screen, a casino attendant may indicate that all game results associated with a session should be printed using a TITO device. Further, a casino attendant may configure a manner in which such gaming results are to be printed. 
     Thus, in some embodiments, a GD may receive one or more signals or instructions from a separate device (e.g., a server such as CS  305 , a second GD, a CPD, etc.), which may indicate (i) that a session should be executed, and (ii) parameters (and values thereof) associated with the session. For example, a five-reel, nine-payline video slot machine located on the floor of a casino may receive a signal indicating that the device should generate 1,000 spins, with nine paylines activated and 25¢ wagered per spin. The device may then execute the session as described above (e.g., use the random number generator to generate the outcomes) and output the session result data as described herein. Various methods of receiving such signals or instructions are contemplated. For example, a communications port may receive a transmission via any communications protocol described herein (e.g., a server sends such a signal to a GD using a BOB or other appropriate protocol). Thus, in some embodiments, it may not be necessary for a casino attendant to interface with a GD to execute a session. In some embodiments, a casino attendant may later visit a GD on which a session has been executed to retrieve printouts, session result data, etc.). In other embodiments, session result data may be transmitted electronically, as described herein, and a casino attendant need not be involved in the transmission of the session result data. 
     In some embodiments in which a player may request a session and a DVD of the session may be created in response thereto, a casino may receive a request to execute a session at a first time, and execute the session at a later time. For example, so long as a player has agreed to such a condition, a casino may receive a request to execute a session from the player, and the session may be executed whenever the casino deems most appropriate, so long as the execution occurs no later than a specified time after the request was received (e.g., the casino has up to 48 hours to execute the session). 
     Thus, in one or more embodiments, a casino may determine a level of gaming device utilization before executing a session (whether the session is executed on behalf of a particular player or not). For example, in one embodiment, a session may be executed when it is determined that there is sufficient capacity for the session. For example, it may be determined that enough slot machines located on the floor of a casino are not currently being utilized, such that occupying one slot machine for the purposes of facilitating a session will not result in a shortfall of GD capacity that is deemed unacceptable by a casino. In one embodiment, GD utilization data may be stored in a GD database, an exemplary data structure of which is depicted by  FIG. 8 . For example, a GD database may indicate a “device status” associated with a GD, which may describe whether the particular GD is currently “in use” or “not in use.” A variety of methods of monitoring GDs to detect such utilization are contemplated (e.g., detecting game play activity, detecting the insertion of a player tracking card or contract card, detecting the presence of a player using a sensor device, monitoring GDs with video cameras, polling the GDs, etc.), such that in some embodiments, a server device (e.g., CS  305 ) may track GD utilization in a substantially automatic manner (e.g., a server detects use and writes to a centrally-stored GD database). In one embodiment, a percentage utilization metric may then be calculated with respect to all GDs within a casino (e.g., 37% of all machines are in use). Accordingly, in some embodiments, a session may or may not be executed depending on a determined percentage utilization metric (e.g., if a percentage utilization metric is above a certain threshold, no sessions are to be executed). In one embodiment, historic GD utilization data may be considered when determining whether or not a session is to be executed (e.g., on average, slot machine utilization from 12 p.m. until 6 p.m. on Wednesdays has been 23% at Casino A). In this manner, a casino can effectively load balance the execution of sessions against the utilization of its casino floor, thus executing sessions at times when doing so is preferable. 
     In some embodiments in which a session is executed on behalf of a particular player and in response to a player request for the session, a player may request that a session be executed on a particular GD and/or GD of a particular type. Accordingly, in one embodiment, utilization data for GDs may be accessed (e.g., by a casino attendant using a CPD or by CS  305 ) to determine whether such a GD is available. If the desired GD is available, the session may be executed (e.g., by dispatching a casino attendant to execute the session). In some embodiments, session may only be executed if the desired GD has not been in use for some predefined period of time (e.g., 30 minutes), and/or if it is a certain time/date (e.g., no sessions may be executed on weekends or weeknights between 7 and 11 p.m.). In some embodiments, a server or other computing device (e.g., CS  305 ) may continuously, substantially continuously, periodically or on another basis monitor the availability of one or more GDs, and should a previously utilized GD that a player has requested for a session become available, the session may be executed. For example, (i) a casino attendant may be dispatched to the GD (e.g., a signal is sent to a CPD, indicating the available GD&#39;s location, session parameters (and values thereof), and so on). In another example, a signal or instruction may be sent to the GD such that the session is executed. In some embodiments, a signal or instruction may be sent to a GD even when the GD is in use and the GD may be programmed to execute the session in accordance with the instruction at the first appropriate time or simultaneously while allowing the use of the GD by a player in a conventional manner. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 29 , illustrated therein is an example embodiment  2900  of a record of a database, storing an indication of payouts determined by a gaming device for a session. As described, in some embodiments it may be unnecessary and/or undesirable to store an indication of the set of indicia representing each outcome of a session. However, it may be desirable to store an indication of payouts determined for the session and, in some embodiments, the order in which the payouts were determined. For example, a probability database, payout database (or a database that combines features of a probability database and payout database, as described above with reference to  FIGS. 15 and 16 ), may be used by a GD to determine a payout for each game play of a session. The GD or another device may then store an indication of each payout and, in some embodiments such as the one illustrated in  FIG. 29 , the indication of the payouts. A device (e.g., AS  310 ) may then use the payout data to create a video representation of the payouts. For example, the AS  310  may select, for each payout indicated in record  2900 , a media file that corresponds to the payout. For example, the first payout, which is indicated as “0”, the AS  310  may select a media file that comprises a set of indicia representing an outcome that corresponds to zero credits being won as a result of the game play. 
     The record  2900  includes a number of fields, including (i) a gaming device identifier field  2905  that stores an identifier of a GD on which the payouts were determined; (ii) a data type field  2910  that indicates the type of data stored in the record (e.g., in some embodiments different types of data, such as an indication of a set of indicia comprising an outcome, may be stored); and (iii) an indication of payouts field  2915  that stores an indication of each payout generated for a session (each payout corresponding to a particular game play of the session) and the order in which the payouts were generated. Of course, additional or different data may be stored in such a record. For example, an indication of a game (e.g., in addition to or in lieu of the gaming device identifier) for which the payouts were determined may be stored. In another example, an indication of a time and/or date of the session and/or each individual payout may be stored. In yet another example, an indication of a verification of the software used to generate the payouts may be stored (e.g., a hash function technique may be used to verify the authenticity and integrity of the software may be performed at the beginning of each session and an indication of the result of such an authentication process may be stored in the record). 
     Referring now to  FIG. 30 , illustrated therein is a receipt  3000 , as an example embodiment of a receipt that may be output to a player upon a purchase of a DVD by the player. The receipt  3000  includes a name of a casino (in area  3005 ) that may indicate the casino at which the DVD was purchased, the casino at which the DVD may be redeemed, and/or the casino at which the session upon which the outcomes represented on the DVD were generated. 
     In area  3010  a message is printed, informing the player that the receipt  3000  must be presented in order for the corresponding DVD to be redeemed, as is consistent with some embodiments described herein. 
     The receipt  3000  also includes (in area  3015 ) an indication of the date and time at which the DVD was purchased. 
     The receipt  3000  also includes (in area  3020 ) an indication of session information describing various parameters (and values thereof) defining the session upon which the DVD video presentation is based. For example, the example session information indicated on receipt  3000  is the name of the casino (e.g., casino at which the DVD was purchased, at which the DVD may be redeemed and/or at which the outcomes represented on the DVD were generated), the game for which the outcomes represented on the DVD were generated, and an indication of the wager per game play posted for each game play represented on the DVD. Of course, different and/or additional session information may be indicated on such a receipt. 
     The receipt  3000  also includes with additional data (in area  3020 ) that may comprise encoded information corresponding to the DVD and/or session (e.g., redemption value, POS and/or casino attendant associated with the sale, session or DVD, price of the DVD, etc.). 
     The receipt  3000  also includes a disc activation number (in area  3025 ), in both human readable and bar code form ( 3030 ). The disc activation number may comprise, for example, a disc activation code as described herein. 
     The receipt  3000  also includes a signature line (in area  3035 ) that may comprise a line on which a player may be required to sign upon redeeming a DVD (e.g., as a measure preventing the player from claiming that the player has not redeemed the DVD and/or to discourage the player from attempting to re-use the receipt to again redeem the DVD). 
     The receipt  3000  further includes another line and boxes (in area  3040 ) to be filled in by a casino attendant upon a DVD being redeemed. For example, information relating to the authorization of the redemption, the date and/or time of the redemption, and/or the signature of the casino attendant facilitating the redemption may be filled in. 
     The receipt further includes a prize claim code (in area  3045 ). The prize claim code may comprise, for example, a code pointing to information stored in a database. For example, the prize claim code may be a pointer to a record of a database that stores an indication of the redemption value of the DVD. In some embodiments, the prize claim code may comprise a disc identifier and/or a session identifier, as these are described herein. 
     Turning again to a description of a video presentation that may be recorded onto a DVD, in some embodiments one or more of several features may additionally be made available to players when viewing a video presentation. Some of these features are described below. 
     In some embodiments, a counter feature may inform players how many outcomes of a session have been depicted in prior segments of a video presentation and/or how many outcomes remain in subsequent segments of a video presentation. For example, at a particular frame of a video presentation, an outcome or game play meter may display that there are 322 (e.g., of 500) outcomes depicted in subsequent segments of the video presentation. Such an outcome countdown meter may be a graphic overlaid onto frames or sections of frames of the video presentation. 
     In some embodiments, players may sort outcomes depicted in a video presentation by various criteria and view the video presentation accordingly. For example, players may select an option to “view all winning results” or “view all losing” results. In another example, a player may select an option to “view all remaining results in order of my payouts, from highest to lowest.” Accordingly, in an embodiment wherein players view outcomes via a Web interface, a database or other memory structure (e.g., a session database) may be accessed in response to such requests (or may be utilized in creating video presentations configurable based on such requests) and may thus comprise additional fields for payout data, such that players requesting to view results based on payout amounts may do so (e.g., such that a server may receive such a request, access a session database to determine an appropriate media file, and output the media file). 
     In some embodiments, players may be able to control the speed at which a video presentation is output. For example, in one embodiment, a player may view a video presentation recorded onto a DVD. The disc may contain three different media files associated with each game play number one media file depicting a rendering of the game play result at a normal speed, a second media file depicting a rendering of the game play result at a rapid speed, and a third media file depicting a rendering of the game play result at a slow speed. Thus, the player may, using an input device of a DVD player (or personal computer), select a “fast-forward” option, such that one or more game play results of a session may then be output at a more rapid pace (e.g., upon receiving the input, the DVD player accesses the “rapid” version of each requested game play number). In an embodiment wherein players elect an option to review a plurality of game play results at a time (e.g., without requiring further input, 50 animations (each depicting a spin of a slot machine) are seen in sequence), such a fast-forward and “slow motion” features may be useful (e.g., such that players may, for instance, rapidly scroll through sets of outcomes). In another example of a speed option that a player may control, a player may select an option to enable or disable to “spinning” of animated reels, such that if the option is disabled, the player may see only the final resolution of the spin (e.g., the resulting symbol array) without a longer animated introduction. 
     Further, in some embodiments, players may be able to review video presentations they have already viewed. For example, a player watching a video presentation of a video poker session may select an option to “replay last hand” (such an input triggering a DVD to revert to a previous chapter, a software application to replay the most recently-viewed animation, a server to access a media file in association with a particular game play number, and so on). Further, players may similarly review a plurality of game play results in such a manner (e.g., “replay last twenty spins”). In a further embodiment, a purchaser of a session may use an input device of a DVD player or DVD remote control to “rewind” a video presentation (such an embodiment may be particularly effective when a player chooses a mode that displays a plurality of game play results in succession without requiring further input). 
     In one or more embodiments, various triggers may cause the output of a video presentation to be temporarily suspended or paused. For example, a video presentation may be temporarily suspended or paused upon the occurrence of a payout over a threshold amount of coins (e.g., payouts over 100 coins). More specifically, in one example, a media file encoded on a DVD depicting a slot machine spin yielding a payout of 1,000 coins may contain an extended pause at the end of the file during which there is no animation (or, alternately, added animation such a fireworks or other graphics may appear). In one embodiment, a media file depicting an outcome corresponding to a payout of at least a certain magnitude may be of a longer duration, thus effectively including a pause or other image designed to draw the player&#39;s attention to the payout. In one embodiment in which a pause is employed, an input may be required from a player before the video presentation continues from a point at which it was paused (e.g., such that the player must acknowledge the win). In this manner, players may be less likely to miss the results that yielded large payout amounts. In some embodiments, a pause may be employed after the display of each outcome. 
     In some embodiments, players may also optionally configure various display parameters for video presentations. Similarly to the display parameters described with respect to  FIG. 28  (e.g., wherein a casino attendant may set display parameters before executing a session), purchasers of sessions may have the opportunity to select a variety of display options for viewing a video presentation based on the session, which display options may alter such parameters as (i) the number of outcomes displayed on the screen at once, (ii) the size of the outcomes displayed on the screen, (iii) the “skin,” appearance or theme of various indicia (e.g., a player chooses an “ice age” theme as opposed to a “treasure hunt” theme), and so on. 
     In some embodiments, a game play result that has been used to generate a video presentation may comprise a “bonus round” or other point in which a decision from a player is typically required (e.g., a draw video poker game typically requires a player to decide which cards to hold in a given initial hand of cards). Commonly, some GDs offer entrance to a bonus round upon the occurrence of a triggering condition, such as the receipt of a bonus-triggering outcome (e.g., “Bonus-Bonus-Bonus”). In some cases, such bonus rounds occurring on GDs may require no additional input or choice from a player. For example, a player may achieve a bonus-triggering outcome, and accordingly a display screen may depict an animated sequence that resolves in a number of additional “bonus” credits that the player has won. In some embodiments, such non-interactive bonus presentations may be incorporated into video presentations (e.g., during a video presentation of a reeled slot machine game, after the reels spin and depict a bonus-triggering outcome, the video presentation depicts an animated bonus sequence and reveals an amount of bonus credits). 
     In other cases, players interfacing with GDs on a casino floor may be presented with several choices or options during a bonus round or other point in a game (e.g., upon an initial hand of cards being dealt to a player in a video poker game). For example, upon achieving a bonus-triggering outcome, several choices may be output to a player (e.g., a touch-screen depicts three boxes from which a player may choose one). A bonus payout amount may then be based on the player&#39;s choice. 
     However, as described, some embodiments of the present invention comprise the execution of sessions of outcomes without the presence of a player to make such decisions. This may be handled in several manners. For example, in one embodiment, a player may authorize an agent (e.g., casino attendant) to make such decisions on his behalf (e.g., such that when executing a session, the agent may use a touch-sensitive display screen or other input device of a GD to make a selection in a bonus game or to decide which cards of a hand of cards to hold and which to discard). In another embodiment, a GD may be programmed such that, when operating in a session outcome generation mode (e.g., a DVD outcome generation mode), such selections (e.g., in a bonus round or other point of a game play) may be made randomly or based on a predetermined strategy. For example, if there are three choices associated with a bonus game, a GD may be programmed to generate a random number between one and three to determine an outcome/payout of the bonus round or to select the left-most choice). 
     In some embodiments, a player may select a strategy as a value of a parameter in defining a session to be executed on behalf of the player. In some embodiments in which DVDs of sessions are mass produced prior to any request for a session being received from a player, a description of a DVD available for purchase may include a description of a strategy used in executing the session, to make decisions on behalf of a player. This may be true for sessions of video poker games or other games typically involving player decisions. For example, a session for a draw video poker game may be executed using a perfect strategy or near-perfect strategy in deciding which cards to hold for a given initial hand. 
     In some embodiments, players viewing video presentations that present such bonus rounds or other decisions may offer no interactivity. For example, a video presentation depicts three boxes, one of which is highlighted/selected during the video presentation without receiving player input, such that a payout amount is subsequently revealed). In other embodiments, players may have a perceived influence over such bonus round outcomes or other decisions (e.g., players may be given an opportunity to “select a box” using an input device, though the result may already have been determined before the player&#39;s selection and, for example, assigned to all options the player may choose). It should again be noted that such players watching video presentations at remote locations may have no actual influence over associated game play results, as any game play may have previously occurred (e.g., in a legal jurisdiction). 
     In some embodiments, a progressive “win” may occur during the execution of a session. Such a progressive win achieved during a session being executed may be handled in a variety of manners. 
     For example, in one embodiment in which a session is being executed on behalf of a particular player, the player may be instantly notified of the progressive win (e.g., the player is called before he is even provided with video presentation). In other embodiments, the player may not be notified, but rather may learn of such a progressive win by watching a video presentation. 
     In some embodiments, a pool of funds dedicated to paying out progressive wins may be decreased and/or reset immediately after a progressive “win” occurs during the execution of a session, or soon thereafter. However, in other embodiments, such a pool may not be decreased and/or reset until a player claims winnings. 
     In other embodiments, execution of sessions may not be permitted on GDs offering progressive jackpots. 
     Progressive jackpot wins may be processed in a different manner in embodiments in which sessions are executed for a mass production process in which the sessions are not being executed on behalf of any particular player but are rather being produced to be later offered for sale. Such embodiments may be referred to as pre-packaged DVD embodiments herein. For example, a pre-packaged DVD may comprise an outcome corresponding to a progressive win, though the disc may remain unsold for a period of time. Accordingly, in some such embodiments, though a progressive “win” occurs once the session is executed, a progressive jackpot pool may not be decreased until the DVD is sold, and/or until a player who eventually purchases the DVD attempts to redeem the DVD. 
     In some embodiments, various steps may be taken to prevent or discourage fraudulent purchase of pre-packaged DVDs. For example, because game play results have already been generated at the time of purchase, a casino may attempt to disguise the redemption values of such DVDs (e.g., such that players and casino employees may not figure out a way to “beat the system” by purchasing DVDs which they may know or suspect to correspond to large redemption values). For example, when generating a cashout ticket or otherwise outputting session result data associated with a session on which a resultant DVD will be based, no final session balance may be indicated or may only be indicated in an encrypted form (e.g., such that a casino attendant or other person with an opportunity to view the cashout ticket or other session result data may not be privy to whether the session has resulted in a relatively large aggregate). 
     Additional measures may be taken to prevent casino employees or other persons in a position of becoming aware or otherwise gaining access to session result data associated with a session (whether it be a session for a pre-packaged DVD or a session executed on behalf of a particular player). For example, in one embodiment, no session result ticket may be output. In another embodiment, a casino attendant administering a session or otherwise having an opportunity to gain access to session result data may not be allowed to view game play results using a display screen of a GD or otherwise. 
     In some embodiments, a third party may administer the creation of video presentations. For example, a casino attendant may execute a session using a GD, such that afterwards a cashout ticket (that does not indicate a final session balance, but is printed nonetheless for auditing purposes) and a game video ticket are output. The casino attendant may then provide the game video ticket to the third party. The third party (e.g., AS  500  or operator thereof) may then scan a barcode of the game video ticket and produce a pre-packaged DVD based on the information encoded on the game video ticket. In this manner the final session balance associated with the DVD may not be known by a casino at the time it is provided to a player. In some embodiments, at the time a DVD is given to the casino by the third party, a payout code may additionally be provided. For example, in some embodiments, players having purchased sessions or DVDs created based thereon may fail to claim winnings (e.g., redeem the DVD for the redemption value) that they are due. Accordingly, in some embodiments, a casino may be responsible for providing such payouts to players, though to prevent fraud, casinos may not learn of a final session balance associated with a session until after an associated video presentation has been provided to a player. For example, thirty days after a DVD has been sold to a player, a casino may provide the payout code to the third-party, which may inform the casino of a final session balance due to the player. 
     In some embodiments, multiple players may remotely receive session results generated by a GD (e.g., a GD located within casino premises). 
     For example, in some embodiments, a GD may be configured to periodically generate batches of outcomes (e.g., 50 spins of a three-reel, three-payline video slot machine). Such batches of outcomes may be thought of as “scheduled sessions,” as players may be given an opportunity to purchase in advance the right to receive game play results generated during such sessions. In some embodiments, such scheduled sessions may (i) be scheduled to occur at predetermined intervals (e.g., every five minutes), (ii) comprise a predetermined number of game plays (e.g., fifty game plays), and/or (iii) have a session identifier or session number associated therewith. Accordingly, a player may purchase or wager on a session occurring at a specific time (e.g., the player wagers on session number S-1905515, which occurs at 5:15 p.m. tomorrow). 
     For example, players may visit a central location within a casino and indicate a desire to wager on one or more upcoming scheduled sessions. In some embodiments, players prepay a flat-rate price when wagering on an upcoming scheduled session. For example, when wagering on a session, a player may indicate a denomination of credits (e.g., $1.00, 25¢, 5¢, 1¢, etc.). The denomination of credits and number of game plays within the scheduled session may determine a price associated with the session. For example, for a session of 50 slot machine spins at 50¢ per spin, a player might pre-pay a $25 price. However, for the same session, a second player may indicate a credit denomination of 5¢, and thereby prepay only $2.50. Thus, when a 10-credit win occurs in the session, the first player may receive a payout of $5.00, whereas the second player may receive a payout of only 50¢. In further embodiments, players may place wagers on several paylines of a slot machine session at once (thereby effectively increasing the number of game play results to be received, and therefore the price). For example, certain players of a scheduled session may benefit from having all three paylines “activated” (though such an activation would serve to increase the price), whereas other players may only wager on one payline (for a lower cost). 
     Accordingly, once a price is determined in association with the session, players may provide payment before the scheduled session begins. For example, a player may provide a payment to a casino attendant or kiosk. Once payment is received in association with one or more scheduled sessions, a player may watch, from a remote location, as game play results are generated once the scheduled session begins. 
     In one embodiment, a casino may set aside one or more GDs of a particular theme or game brand for “scheduled sessions.” In one example, the GD is a five-reel, nine-payline video slot machine. The device may be configured to automatically initiate fifty spins, each spin lasting about three seconds, once every five minutes. 
     As such game play results are generated, they may be output such that they may be viewed by players remotely. A variety of methods of outputting such outcomes are contemplated. For example, in one embodiment, a video feed may be taken from the slot machine, such that the feed may be broadcast over the Internet, or over a cable television channel. In another embodiment, session result data may be output to a centrally accessible database, such that a Web site maintained by the casino may be configured to rapidly interpret the data and translate the data into visual presentations of outcomes that may be viewed by players over the Internet. In another embodiment, stored audio and/or video files commonly output by the GD&#39;s display screen may be output to a server device, such that players may access the files over the Internet. A variety of such methods of transmitting game play results from a GD such that associated audio and/or video files may be rendered over the Internet are contemplated. 
     When viewing such game play results, various status information may also be made available to players, such as (i) a number of coins or other indication of value won by the player, (ii) a number of coins or other indication of value won by other players who may have bet on the same scheduled session (e.g., though bet on different paylines), and so on. 
     In some embodiments, a GD configured to generate such game play results for scheduled sessions (or for sessions as described elsewhere herein) may additionally be configured to generate game play results for local players interfacing with the GD. Several such examples are contemplated. 
     For example, in one or more embodiments, a GD may appear as a standard GD, and to a local user, may operate in a similar fashion to a GD that is not also generating game play results for use in scheduled sessions. For example, a local user may utilize the GD in a conventional manner, providing wager amounts, executing game plays, viewing results, and so on. However, concomitantly, such a GD may generate game play results for use in a scheduled session. For example, a processor of such a GD may be configured to generate local and session game play results at once. In another example, a program stored within the memory of the GD may instruct the GD to generate session game play results only when local game play results are not being generated (e.g., each time there is a 5-second lull between the initiation of game plays by a local user, the GD generates one or more outcomes for a session). 
     In some embodiments, session game play results may be output (e.g., by a display device) locally much as local results are. For example, in one or more embodiments, a GD may be configured to utilize separate display areas—one for local game play results, and one for session game play results. For example, a GD may possess a “local” display screen as well as a “session” display screen, the latter for depicting game play results that remote players have wagered on. 
     Of course, it should be understood that in some embodiments, players need not view the execution of one or more game plays in association with such scheduled sessions in real-time. For example, game play associated with a scheduled session may be executed before the session is scheduled to be “broadcast” to players who may have wagered on the session (e.g., game play results are stored in a database). 
     Further, in some embodiments, a player may utilize computer software (e.g., of a home computer) to interpret and output results from a plurality of scheduled sessions that the player has wagered on. For example, such software may aggregate the results of multiple sessions which the player may not have had a chance to watch, such that the player may learn of wins, losses, a current balance, and so on. 
     Settlement of such scheduled sessions may occur in a manner similar to those described previously with respect to sessions. For example, a player may return to a casino and present one or more of a receipt, scheduled session identifier or photo identification. A final balance owed to the player may then be determined (e.g., a device such as POS  320  may access session result data associated with the session, and based on the wagers previously placed by the player, determine a redemption value for the session). 
     In some embodiments, players may be allowed to alter session parameters after a session has been executed (but, e.g., prior to the player viewing the results of the session). For example, in one embodiment, a player may return to a jurisdiction where gambling is legal (e.g., return to a casino) and request that various parameters be altered. For example, a player may have originally purchased a session for 1,000 spins of a slot machine at a wager amount of 25¢ per spin. After going home and watching 500 spins, the player may return to the casino and request that a wager amount per game play be increased to 50¢. Accordingly, it may be determined that the price associated with the session may need to be altered as a result of the alteration to the wager amount parameter, such that the player may either need to make an additional payment or be owed a refund. Further, the player may then be provided with a new video presentation (e.g., such that elements of the video presentation effected by the player&#39;s changes to the parameters of the session (such as payout indications and changes to a credit balance meter, in the present example) may be reflected). In another example, a player may return to a casino and forfeit a number of game plays associated with an executed session. For example, a player may have purchased a 1,000-spin session, and may have viewed only 500 spins of the video presentation based on the session. The player may then return to the casino and forfeit the final 500 spins; in doing so, the player may agree to forfeit any payouts associated with such spins, though he may be provided with (i) payouts resulting from the first 500 spins, and/or (ii) a refund for the second 500 spins that the player did not receive the benefit of. In some embodiments, players may be charged a fee to forfeit a portion of a previously purchased session in such a manner. 
     In some embodiments, a first and second casino may be part of the same “session network.” Accordingly, a player may enter a first casino and purchases a session and/or a DVD based on the session. The player may then enter a second casino and (i) collect a redemption value associated with the session and/or DVD; and/or (ii) alter one or more parameters associated with the session. Thus, in some embodiments, devices of a first casino and second casino may communicate with one another (e.g., so as to read from and/or write to one or more databases). 
     Some embodiments may not include an AS  310 . For example, a server (e.g., CS  305 ), GD (e.g., GD  310 ) and/or CPD  325  may be operable to perform steps described herein as primarily performed by AS  310 . 
     In further embodiments, a Web site maintained by a casino property (or third party) may function to (i) receive requests to view session results (e.g., from remote players), (ii) retrieve session results (e.g., from a session database), and (iii) output a video presentation based on the session results. Accordingly, in one or more embodiments, the creation of a video presentation may ultimately be performed as a Web site interprets stored session result data and outputs animations accordingly. Such embodiments may be advantageous in that session result data may be output in a variety of manners (e.g., an outcome of “Bar-Bar-Orange” may just as easily be shown as any other outcome with a comparable payout amount, such that a variety of different game symbol appearances may be substituted for the “Bar” and “Orange” symbols), so as to accommodate players who request different visual themes associated with game plays executed as part of a session. Such an embodiment may enable, for example, a player purchasing a session at a casino, logging on to a home computer, and choosing several different slot machine “skins” for which to view session results. 
     It cannot be over-emphasized that the use of DVD as an example media on which session result information may be recorded, to allow remote viewing of outcomes of the session, is intended as an example only and should not be taken in any limiting fashion. Thus, for example, although a sale of a DVD is described in detail with reference to  FIG. 24 , a similar process may be performed for a sale of a session in another remotely viewable form. For example, a sale of access to session results available online (e.g., wherein a player may be provided with an activation code that allows the player to access a video presentation online) is also contemplated. In another example, a sale of a CD-ROM, VHS tape, floppy disc, flash memory, memory stick, dedicated portable device for viewing video presentations, and paper-based flip-through book that illustrates the outcomes of a session may also be sold in a similar manner. In other words, the format or media via which the video presentation is provided to a player is not limited to a DVD. In another example, the redemption of a DVD as described with reference to  FIG. 25  is not intended to limit the redemption of a session result to be via a DVD form. For example, in one embodiment a player may provide a CD-ROM including a video presentation thereon and redeem the CD-ROM for the redemption value associated with the session. In another example, a player having viewed a video presentation online may be provided with a code or other means of collecting a redemption value associated with the session upon which the video presentation is based. Any practicable method of outputting a video presentation to a player such that a player may purchase plurality of outcomes and view them remotely at the player&#39;s convenience is contemplated. 
     In some embodiments, player purchasing a session may be entitled to a number of “free” game plays, which in some embodiments may comprise game plays which do not subtract from a player&#39;s credit balance or otherwise require additional funds on the player&#39;s behalf. For example, as described, a player may purchase a session entitling the player to 500 game plays with a starting balance of 80 credits, so long as the credit balance stays above zero. However, in some embodiments, should the player&#39;s credit balance reach zero (or, should the player reach 500 game plays), the player may be entitled to a number (e.g., a predetermined number and/or a variable number) of free game plays. 
     In one embodiment, game results generated from free game plays may be compared to a standard pay table (e.g., such that should a player achieve a result of “Bar-Bar-Bar,” the player wins the same amount of credits regardless of whether the result was generated via a free game play or not). 
     In another embodiment, a secondary pay table may be applied to such free game plays. For example, a player may be entitled to 500 free game plays. At the end of “regular” game play of the session (e.g., after the 500 spins expire or the player&#39;s credit balance reaches zero), free game play may occur. For example, after a credit balance reaches zero during regular play, 500 free game plays may then commence. Players may then accumulate a total number of credits via free game play (e.g., since players may receive credits without placing wager amounts, a credit balance associated with free game play may only rise or stay the same as a result of the game play). 
     In one embodiment, player may be allowed to keep any credits won during free play. For example, a secondary pay table may be used to determine numbers of credits to be awarded to players should they achieve various gaming results during free play. Credit amounts associated with various game results may be lower for free play than for regular play (e.g., during regular play, a result of “Orange-Orange-Orange” pays 20 credits, but during free play, it only pays two). Thus, in one example, after winning 87 credits as the result of regular play, a player wins an additional 14 credits from free play, amassing the player a total final credit balance of 101 credits. 
     In another embodiment, a separate credit meter may be used to keep track of credits won during free play. In such an embodiment, payouts associated with various winning game results may be the same for free play as they are for regular play (e.g., “Orange-Orange-Orange” continues to pay 20 credits), but the winnings from free play are accounted for separately. At the conclusion of free play, this number of credits may then be compared against a separate schedule to determine a payout to be awarded to a player. For example, if a player accumulates 300 or fewer credits during free play, he may receive nothing, but if he accumulates between 300 and 500 credits, he may win $10, and so on. Players achieving large, statistically unlikely totals from free play may be awarded with “jackpot” payouts. 
     In some embodiments, it may be desirable for multiple facilities and/or devices to produce pre-packaged game discs of the present invention. 
     For example, in some embodiments, a batch of 1,000,000 game discs may be created based on a batch run of sessions, and a plurality of facilities may be utilized for the creation of such discs. 
     In some embodiments, a first facility may produce discs associated with relatively high final session balances (e.g., final session balances over a certain credit threshold), and a second facility may product discs associated with lower final session balances. For example, as it may be known in advance that a certain number of game discs within the batch must be produced so as to indicate final session balances over a certain threshold (e.g., discs indicating a final session balance of $50 or more), batch run data, historic game play data and/or any other of the programs, data and/or algorithms described herein may be made available to a secure facility for producing such discs. Such a secure facility may utilize any of the methods and/or apparatus described herein with respect to mitigating or eliminating tampering and/or fraudulent attempts to claim winnings. For example, computer devices of such facilities may be audited by a software program to authenticate game results, and such devices may be maintained or locked in an appropriate, secure manner. 
     In some embodiments, other, low value game discs may then be produced at a facility perhaps characterized by lower security measures. In either case, in some embodiments of the present invention, batch run data, historic game play data and/or any other of the programs, data and/or algorithms described herein may be provided to two separate facilities for producing game discs. Of course, in some embodiments, such separate facilities may be provided with the same materials and/or equipment to produce such discs (e.g., jewel cases manufactured by the same firm are provided to both facilities), such that the final products from either facility may appear substantially similar. 
     In some embodiments, even though two facilities may produce different subsets of a set of such game discs, the set of game discs may need to be provided to a retailer (e.g., casino) in a particular fashion. For example, every disc of the set may be required to arrive in the same shipment, and discs may be required to be organized and/or shuffled according to certain criteria (e.g., such that casino employees may not be aware upon receiving shipment of which game discs may potentially be lucrative). 
     Accordingly, various embodiments contemplate methods for the automated mixing or shuffling of game discs (e.g., two groups of game discs produce by separate facilities that are part of the same “set” or associated with the same batch run). For example, in one embodiment, as described, game discs or packaging thereof may comprise an identifier or other code (e.g., an activation code or unique identifier). In one such example, an identifier may be represented by a barcode of a game disc&#39;s packaging (e.g., a barcode on the back of a jewel case containing a game disc), such that each disc may be uniquely scanned or otherwise identified. In another example, an identifier may be associated with a plurality of such game discs (e.g., an identifier for a bundle, box or other group of discs), and the discs may be arranged in a pre-determined format (e.g., a group of discs are consecutively numbered), such that by determining an identifier associated with one disc, a plurality of discs may be identified (e.g., by scanning the first disc of a group of consecutively numbered discs, each disc of the group may be identified). Such identifiers may be machine readable and/or discernable by a human operator. Thus, in some embodiments, a computer device of the present invention may communicate with one or more mechanical devices for shuffling or organizing groups of discs (e.g., two groups of packaged discs are provided on separate trays or chutes). Such a computer device may also operate to receive such identifiers, as well as store a program instructing one or more mechanical devices to shuffle or organize discs after receiving one or more disc identifiers (e.g., by scanning an identifier associated with a first disc or group of discs as well as a second identifier associated with a second disc or group of discs), and communicate with one or more databases storing indications of final session balances associated with one or more game disc identifiers. For example, after receiving an identifier associated with a first group of game discs, as well as an identifier associated with a second group of game discs (e.g., each group belonging to the same batch), the computer device may operate to instruct the one or more mechanical devices to sort or shuffle the discs according to various protocols, which may consider: (i) the identifiers received (e.g., the identifiers indicate a group of sequentially-numbered game discs, such that by receiving one or more identifiers, the location of a plurality of game discs may become known), (iii) final session balances associated with one or more identified discs (e.g., discs comprising certain final session balances are identified), and/or (iii) various shuffling or mixing rules (e.g., game discs characterized by certain final session balances must be mixed or distributed in a certain manner). For example, a minimum number of low-value discs must separate each high-value disc. In another example, only a certain number of consecutively mixed game discs may be characterized by a final session balance of “0” credits, and so on. In yet another example, discs may be mixed according to a GLEPS format as described, such that if a group of consecutively-numbered or consecutively-produced discs are sold one-by-one to players, low-end prizes (e.g., discs characterized by low final session balances) may be distributed with a certain predictable frequency. 
     A plurality of discs that have then been mixed or shuffled may then be prepared for transport to a casino or other purchasing entity. For example, discs may be arranged in bundles or stacks inside of boxes, and the boxes may then be arranged on a palette according to various protocols. For example, if a set of discs is to be transported to a casino or other purchaser, the arrangement of discs inside a particular box and/or in association with a particular palette may be organized in such a manner that when a box and/or palette is received by the casino or other purchaser, the purchaser my ascertain the whereabouts of one or more identified discs. For example, it may be determined that the first game disc of a set of 1,000,000 game discs may be located at the top of the leftmost row of box number B-101, the box located at the top of a palette of boxes. As described, in some embodiments, an identifier may be associated with a plurality of such game discs, such that by determining one identifier (e.g., an identifier indicated by a box, palette or other group of discs), the location of a plurality of game discs may become known. Of course, in some embodiments, such arrangement of discs may not be desired; for example, discs may be randomly packaged and transported to a casino or other retailer. 
     Another advantage to producing such game discs in separate facilities or plants (and/or by using separate devices) may be manufacturing efficiency. For example, rather than encode, imprint or mark each game disc (and/or packaging thereof) with a unique identifier or indicium of some kind (e.g., a barcode and/or numeric code), one or more of such discs may simply be marked with an identifier, code or other indicium representing a “point of origin” (e.g., facility, device, etc.) where the disc was created (or, for example, what machine it was created by). 
     For example, in one embodiment, game discs associated with final session balances of zero credits may be produced exclusively by one facility and/or device (e.g., a particular facility or device is dedicated to producing “zero-value” game discs). Thus, such discs may be marked with an identifier, code or other indicium that may represent the facility/device that produced the disc, thereby indicating that the disc results in a final session balance of zero credits. In some embodiments, it may be preferable that such an identifier, code or other indicium is not readable by a human. For example, such an identifier, code or other indicium may only be machine-readable (e.g., a barcode is used), such that a player (or other person) may not readily ascertain the value of such a disc simply by looking at it, though a machine may readily determine the value of the disc (e.g., by scanning a bar code). Thus, in this manner, manufacturing efficiency may be achieved in that one or more devices need not determine unique identifier or indicium in association with each disc (e.g., rather than determine a unique barcode to be imprinted upon each game disc and/or jewel case within a particular batch or manufacturing run, one or more devices may simply imprint the same barcode on each game disc and/or jewel case). 
     In another example of a potential manufacturing efficiency, a final session balance indicated by a batch run may be “rounded” to a “near number” (e.g., the nearest whole dollar number, etc.), such that the indications of outcomes later populated on the game disc may indicate the near number rather than the final session balance. For example, a batch run may indicate that one game disc of a particular batch is to indicate a final session balance of $49.85. However, it may be determined that, from a standpoint of manufacturing efficiency, such a final session balance should be rounded to a near number (e.g., to $50) when producing a game disc. For example, as described, in some embodiments, pre-arranged sets of indications of game results may be associated with various final session balances (e.g., when producing a game disc indicating a final session balance of $50, a particular set of indications of game results is accessed randomly from a pool of pre-arranged sets associated with the final session balance). For example, such sets may be stored in one or more databases, in a variety of formats, and so on. In one specific example, one or more identifiers of sets of pre-arranged indications of outcomes may be stored in association with a particular final session balance and/or gaming device (or gaming device type), such that a particular set may be selected (e.g., at random) in association with a final session balance (e.g., randomly from a group of available sets). Accordingly, such rounding behavior may enable operators to store a smaller number of pre-arranged sets of indications of game results, reducing overall data storage burdens and complexity. 
     In some embodiments, an AS device (e.g., a device operable to record a video presentation onto a game disc based on actual outcomes generated by a GD) may be affixed to, placed on or otherwise located adjacently to a GD. The AS device may communicate with one or more GDs. For example, a bank of GDs may communicate with the AS device, such that game result data may be transmitted to the AS device. In another example, each GD may communicate with a separate AS device. In some embodiments, such GDs may accommodate traditional slot play in addition to being utilized during the performance of various steps of the present invention (e.g., producing game discs). 
     Thus, in one or more embodiments, an AS device on a casino floor may be configured to perform any or all of (i) receiving or accessing game result data (e.g., game results are transferred from a GD to an AS device), (ii) determining indications of game results based on the data (e.g., accessing appropriate media files and transferring the files to a tangible medium, such as a DVD), and/or (iii) providing the indications of game results (e.g., outputting the DVD to customers). For example, each slot machine of a casino floor may communicate with an associated AS device (e.g., marketed to customers as a “Take-it-Home DVD Creator” or similarly). Players may, after noticing the presence of such a device, request a “take-home” DVD (e.g., by actuating an appropriate input device of a GD). For example, a display device of a slot machine may output text indicating “Insert $40, take home a DVD of 1,000 spins, and return to the casino to collect your winnings!” or other similar text offering the sale of game discs to be dispensed by an AS device. Should the player accept the offer (e.g., by pressing a “Purchase DVD” icon output by a display screen), game result data may then be transferred to the AS device (e.g., from a GD, CS, etc.). In alternate embodiments, such game result data may automatically be transferred to and stored within an AS device (e.g., without receiving a player request to purchase a game video output via an associated AS device). In either case, the AS device may then determine one or more indications of game results based on the game result data and output the indications of game results. In one specific example, an AS device may receive game result data, access appropriate media files, and transfer such media files onto a DVD, which may then be output to a customer (e.g., each AS device may comprise a number of “blank” discs, which may be encoded with media files and subsequently output/ejected to customers). In some embodiments, either or both of a GD and AS device may comprise appropriate input/output means to facilitate the receipt of appropriate payment (e.g., a bill acceptor and/or TITO device), the receipt of commands or other inputs from users (e.g., buttons such that players can select formatting options for the DVD), the output of instructions or other information or materials (e.g., a display device prompts a player to select various session parameters, a printer device prints a purchase receipt), and so on. 
     In further embodiments, a player of a GD may be interested in purchasing a session associated with the device, and may visit a location within a casino that facilitates the production and/or sale of such “on-demand” game discs. A supply of various paper cards or other materials (e.g., DVD jewel cases) may be made available to players (e.g., a stack sits on top of a GD), and such materials may comprise a GD identifier and/or a GD type identifier. In this manner, a player may simply bring such materials to a slot club booth and hand the materials to a representative along with payment. Accordingly, a game disc may then be produced based on the card. For example, such materials may comprise a section for players to indicate various session parameters (e.g., number of game plays, wager amount per game play, etc.), or such parameters may be indicated verbally. In some embodiments, such materials may describe session parameters themselves. 
     Thus, in some embodiments, the materials may be handed to a representative, and a representative may simply locate a pre-packaged game disc characterized by the parameters (e.g., the game results thereof having previously been generated). In other embodiments, game results may be generated on demand (e.g., at the point of sale) by one or more devices described herein. For example, in some embodiments, a room, booth or facility within a casino may produce game discs according to certain parameters after receiving a request from a player. For example, a “sample” game disc and/or associated packaging may be made available to players (e.g., such sample discs may be disbursed throughout a slot floor). The sample disc may indicate various parameters (e.g., wager amount per game play, minimum number of game plays, price, active pay combinations, etc.). Accordingly, the player may then take the sample disc to a location within the casino that produces non-sample game discs, which may be created based on the parameters indicated by the sample disc. For example, a player may hand over a “$20 for 500 game plays at 25¢ per game play with a starting balance of 80 credits” disc to an agent, and the agent may then utilize a CPD and/or AS device so as to create an active game disc. In a further example, such a sample disc may comprise a code indicating a disc type. The code may then be received, and based on the code, a game disc may be created according to certain parameters (e.g., parameters indicated by a database record associated with the code). In another embodiment, only a limited number of types of sample discs may be available, such that a representative may quickly ascertain which type of game disc to produce (e.g., the only disc with a $20 denomination). 
     In another example, packaging (e.g., jewel cases) may be made available to players in various locations of a slot floor, though game discs themselves may not be. Thus, in one example, a player desiring to purchase a particular disc may bring an empty jewel case to a booth, where an attendant then locates an appropriate disc, facilitates the sale and activation of the disc, provides the disc to the customer, and so on. For example, the representative may locate a disc by determining an identifier (e.g., a barcode) marked on the packaging of a jewel case, and then locating a disc associated with the identifier (e.g., such discs may be stored sequentially by such identifiers in a drawer or other file system). 
     Further, as described, in some embodiments, actual game discs may be available in various locations on a casino floor. However, in various embodiments, such game discs may only be accessed by authorized casino personnel (e.g., who may then distribute such discs to players). For example, a clear plastic case may be positioned above or alongside a slot machine, the case containing one or more pre-packaged game discs (e.g., the discs may be characterized by a similar theme to the nearest slot machine, such that a box of “Cash Crazy Slots” discs may be positioned near a “Cash Crazy Slots” machine). Such a case may be locked, such that a casino representative may require a physical key or code to gain access. In this manner, a player may call to attention a casino floor representative, who may then assist the player in removing a disc from the locked casing. In some embodiments, the same floor representative may then also facilitate the sale and/or activation of the disc. For example, the representative uses a wireless personal computing device, such as a PDA comprising (i) software which may assist in performing various steps of the present invention; (ii) input means for receiving an identification code associated with the disc, as well as for recording that payment has been received in association with the disc; (iii) means for communicating with one or more other devices or databases (e.g., so as to determine data associated with the identification code, update a database indicating that the disc has been sold, etc.); and (iv) output means for producing a validation code associated with the disc. 
     In some embodiments, data or information pertinent to the production of one or more game discs may be made available to players. For example, in some embodiments, at least a portion of batch run data may be made available. For example, as described, in some embodiments of the present invention, a batch run may be executed so as to determine final session balances in association with a plurality of simulated or otherwise executed sessions, and then alternate indications of game results may then be determined, such that a set of game discs associated with the batch run may indicate appropriate final session balances, but present representative outcomes rather than the actual outcomes achieved in association with sessions of the batch run. However, it is foreseen that some players or other persons (e.g., regulators) may be made uncomfortable in the event that representative outcomes be utilized, even if players are correctly paid any final session balances due as indicated by a batch run. For example, the incorporation of representative outcomes may reduce in the minds of consumers or regulators a perceived level of security or authenticity associated with such game discs (e.g., a feeling may exist that such game discs do not represent “actual gambling results,” even if the final monetary result of the session is indeed accurate according to batch run data). Accordingly, methods are contemplated for providing at least a portion of batch run data associated with one or more game discs, such that the data may be viewed by game disc purchasers, regulators, other third-parties, and so on. 
     In some embodiments, batch run data associated with a game disc may be made available for viewing on the game disc itself. For example, when outputting one or more indications of game results to a game disc, batch run data associated with the particular game disc may additionally be incorporated. In a specific example, an “outcome-by-outcome” record of game results associated with a particular session of a batch run may be output to a game disc such that it may be viewable by a player. For example, turning to an exemplary data structure of a batch database depicted by  FIG. 17B , associated with a particular set of batch run data (e.g., identified by a particular batch run data set identifier, such as R-102756) may be (i) an indication of a “session” number (e.g., “1,” “2,” “3,” etc.), (ii) an indication of a “final session balance” associated with a session number (e.g., “0,” “24,” “326,” etc.), and (iii) an indication of one or more “game results achieved” in association with a particular session (e.g., “O-000135,” O-000268,” etc.). Of course, various substitute representations of such stored data are contemplated (e.g., rather than store a game result achieved as “O-000135,” it is stored as “Bar-Cherry-Bell,” and so on). Thus, in some embodiments, one or more actual game results achieved in association with a session of a batch run may be determined, such that indications of game results associated with the actual outcomes may then be determined (as described herein), and the indications of outcomes may be stored on a game discs (e.g., in addition to representative outcomes). 
     For example, in one or more embodiments, a player may elect to view either representative outcomes (e.g., indications selected by an operator and/or device of the present invention that result in a desired final session balance), or actual outcomes (e.g., indications of the actual results achieved during a simulated or otherwise executed corresponding session of a batch run). For example, a DVD game disc may be configured such that a player may view a video presentation comprising representative outcomes (e.g., animations and sound effects of a slot machine&#39;s spinning reels), or view actual outcomes in some manner. For example, in some embodiments, actual outcomes may be viewable in a simplified manner (e.g., “batch run outcomes” or payouts associated therewith appear only as simple text and/or graphics), though representative outcomes may be viewable in an elaborate fashion that approximates the experience of playing a GD in person (e.g., animation of a video-reel slot machine is recreated). Thus, players may enjoy the experience of watching one or more representative outcomes, but may additionally view actual outcomes corresponding to the representative outcomes (e.g., indications of the exact game results of a session of the batch run) if, for example, they have any concerns about a game disc&#39;s authenticity. 
     In some embodiments, rather than store an “outcome-by-outcome” record of game results achieved during a batch run, batch run data may be stored on a game disc in some other manner. For example, a batch run data set identifier and/or session number (or one or more other identifiers indicating a specific session of a specific batch run) may be stored on a game disc. Thus, by viewing a game disc, a player may determine an identifier or code indicating a specific session of a specific batch run. A player may then use this identifier or code to access an “outcome-by-outcome” record of game results achieved during a batch run. For example, the player may visit a Web site and provide such an identifier or code, such that game result data (e.g., game results achieved) of a particular session of a batch run may be accessed (e.g., from a database such as the batch run database depicted by  FIG. 17B ) and output to a player (e.g., a Web page is served to the player allowing the player to view the actual outcomes). In another example, a player may visit a kiosk located within a casino and provide such an identifier or code, such that actual outcomes may then be output (e.g., via a display screen or printer device). Still further, a CPD (such as a personal computer or mobile computing device) may be operable to (i) receive such an identifier or code, (ii) determine actual outcomes, and (iii) output actual outcomes (e.g., via a display screen or printer). 
     In some embodiments, such a batch run data set identifier and/or session identifier may be associated with a player identifier, such that various devices operable to identify players may determine specific sessions of batch runs associated with players, and output actual outcomes accordingly. For example, a player may insert a player tracking card into a GD and/or kiosk, such that an identifier or code indicating a specific session of a specific batch run may be determined, and actual outcomes may be output (e.g., a player may be presented with an option via a touch-screen menu to access such game results). 
     Alternately, rather than stored batch run data associated with a game disc on a game disc itself, such data may be made available in a variety of other manners. For example, in some embodiments, an indication of one or more actual outcomes may be printed on a purchase receipt. Further, such a receipt may comprise an identifier or code indicating a specific session of a specific batch run, such that actual outcomes may be accessed in a manner described above (e.g., via the Internet, via a kiosk or GD, etc.). 
     Thus, various methods of making batch run data available to players are contemplated. Further, in some embodiments, various other game disc production information may be made available to consumers. For example, stored on a game disc (e.g., as a separate chapter or menu option of a DVD) may be a media file depicting a “how it works” documentary of how such game discs are created (e.g., the video depicts various GDs and/or computer devices simulating or otherwise executing sessions, and so on). 
     In a specific example, the entirety of such production information may be available as a selectable option of a DVD menu. For example, a menu screen may depict and option for “production information” which a player may select, as is known in the art. Should the player selection such an option, the player may be brought to a sub-menu screen, at which point the player may select whether the player desires to view actual outcomes, a “how it works” documentary, other instructional information, and so on. 
     As described, in some embodiments, a player may request that one or more game plays may be executed on the player&#39;s behalf, such that indications of the results thereof may be stored upon a game disc, such that the player may view the indications of game results remotely from a GD and/or other computer device on which they were generated. For example, as described, in one or more embodiments, a player may specify one or more parameters (and respective values thereof), and a session comprising a plurality of game plays may then be executed on the player&#39;s behalf. A game disc may then be created based on the game results generated on the player&#39;s behalf. 
     Such embodiments may have advantages in that, for example, a player may be more likely to purchase such a game disc if the parameters and values thereof (e.g., number of game plays, type of game, wagering activity) are customized or tailored to the player&#39;s preferences. Further, in some embodiments, such game plays may be executed on a player&#39;s behalf as is convenient or otherwise advantageous for a casino (e.g., GDs are utilized during off-peak times). However, such embodiments may have disadvantages in that, for example, it may be burdensome to produce game discs en masse so long as the requirements to produce the discs are substantially individual or unique; in other words, if players are given the opportunity to specify values for more than just a few parameters, it may be time-consuming or otherwise inefficient to produce such game discs in a manner that is acceptable to customers. 
     Thus, in some embodiments, as described, it may be desirable to produce game discs based on game results generated in advance of purchase (e.g., according to operator-specified parameters and respective values thereof). For example, sessions of game results may be generated and game discs may be produced based on those sessions, and discs may then be provided for sale to customers. Thus, as described, embodiments are contemplated wherein either (i) game discs are created based on play of one or more gaming devices, wherein players indicate in advance before such game play occurs that they will purchase game discs associated therewith, or (ii) game discs are created based on automated gaming sessions executed without the request of one or more players, such that the discs may then be sold to players who indicate a desire to purchase them after they have been created. 
     However, it is also foreseen that there may be various disadvantages to producing game discs in advance of purchase based on operator-specified parameters and respective values thereof. For example, if customers do not like or are not excited by the manner of game play presented by such game discs (e.g., the denominations are too high, the discs are too long or too short, the wagering activity is not preferable), they may be less likely to purchase such game discs. Further, it may be possible that a player may not feel a perceived influence or other personal connection with the game results indicated by such game discs, as they may have been generated in the past without the player&#39;s direction, or worse yet, a player may feel that because such game results have been generated in the past, an opportunity may exist for a casino to defraud players by selling only “losing” discs (even if, for example, the sale of such discs is audited in a manner that appeases regulators). Further, it is foreseen that, in some cases, a regulatory entity may prefer that game results associated with such game discs are executed or generated at the time such game discs are purchased, and not beforehand. 
     Accordingly, in some embodiments, alternative methods for producing on-demand game discs are contemplated, such that the discs may be produced and/or sold in an efficient manner. 
     First, a customer may request to purchase a disc characterized by various parameters. For example, a player may indicate a type of game, a desired number of game plays, wager amounts per game play, and so on. A player may provide such indications in a variety of manners described previously herein. For example, in some embodiments, various “sample” game discs and/or packaging thereof may be provided on a casino floor and/or at a location at which game discs are produced and/or sold. For example, a player may indicate an empty jewel case to a casino representative, the empty jewel case advertising various sample game disc parameters (e.g., “A one-line ‘Dusty Diamonds’ slot machine, wagering 25¢ per spin with a starting balance of 80 credits—up to 500 spins!”). In some embodiments, as described, a code or other identifier indicating a “disc type” may be indicated by such a jewel case and/or other packaging material. For example, a “one-line ‘Dusty Diamonds’ slot machine, wagering 25¢ per spin with a starting balance of 80 credits” disc may be labeled as disc type D-28762, whereas a “one-line ‘Fishing for Credits’ slot machine, wagering 25¢ per spin with a starting balance of 80 credits” discs may be labeled as disc type D-28763. Accordingly, in some embodiments, a player may indicate a type of game disc to be generated on-demand. Thus, it is contemplated game discs may be generated on request of a player, but the parameters thereof may be specified by an operator (thus limiting the potential number of types of discs which may be produced). 
     Accordingly, in some embodiments, a casino or other retail outlet for selling game discs may comprise one or more devices for executing game play in accordance with one or more identified disc types. For example, in some embodiments, a booth or desk within a casino may comprise a simplified gaming device and/or a computer device equipped with software for simulating game play with respect to various types of games, such as slot machines. For example, a booth may comprise a computer device equipped with such software, such that a casino agent may (i) determine a type of disc that is desired (e.g., a player hands over an empty jewel case comprising the disc type identifier D-28762), and (ii) input or otherwise provide the identifier such that it may be received by the computer device (e.g., the agent scans a barcode, types the code in using a keyboard, and so on). Accordingly, the computer device may function to (i) receive an identifier or code associated with a type of game disc to be produced, and (ii) generate game results based on the received code or identifier. For example, a database similar in structure to the game disc type database depicted by  FIG. 15  may correlate a game disc type identifier to various other game play parameters, such as (i) a game type (e.g., a type of slot machine model to use, which may implicate a probability table and/or payout schedule which may be utilized when generating game results), (ii) a starting credit balance (e.g., 80 credits), (iii) a wager amount per game play (e.g., fixed or variable), (iv) activate pay combinations, (v) a number of paylines or hands of cards per game play (e.g., one payline), and/or (vi) a session termination condition (e.g., 500 game plays or a balance of zero credits, whichever comes first). Of course, various other parameters described herein may alternately or additionally be indicated by such a database. Accordingly, a computer device of the present invention may access data necessary to determine a manner in which game play is to be simulated or otherwise executed with respect to a particular disc type (e.g., based on a particular received identifier, a session of a “Dusty Diamond” slots game is to be simulated based on various parameters). Accordingly, such a device may then generate game results (e.g., a session of “Dusty Diamond” slots according to certain parameters is simulated by the software program of the computer device). 
     Game result data, which may include a final session balance, may then be output transmit, stored, accessed or otherwise utilized in a manner described herein, such that indications of game results may then be determined based on the game results and/or final session balance achieved during the simulation. For example, the simulation may determine a final session balance of 47 credits. Accordingly, in some embodiments, one or more computer devices of the present invention may determine indications of game results based on the game results and/or final session balance in any manner described herein (e.g., one or more media files displaying certain game results are accessed). 
     In other embodiments, a game disc comprising previously-stored indications of game results may be accessed or determined based on the game results and/or final session balance achieved during the on-demand simulation (i.e., a game disc comprising representative outcomes is determined). For example, a plurality of game discs comprising pre-stored indications of game results may be stored at a casino (e.g., in a filing system at a point of sale), such that when a final session balance is determined on-demand, a game disc may be accessed in association with the final session balance. For example, if a final session balance is 47 credits, a game disc comprising pre-stored indications of game results resulting in such a credit balance is accessed (e.g., an agent pulls such a disc from a filing system for discs). Thus, methods are contemplated whereby actual game results may be determined on-demand (e.g., at the time of purchase), though corresponding game discs may be produced in advance. As described, there may be various advantages to such embodiments (e.g., regulators may require that game results are generated at the time of sale, and because such game discs may be pre-stored with indications of game results, they may be provided to customers with minimal delay after such game results have been executed). In some embodiments, however, players may desire to view actual outcomes. Thus, actual outcomes may alternately or additionally be provided in any manner described herein. For example, actual outcomes may be output on a paper substrate, such as on a purchase receipt, or on a cashless gaming ticket (e.g., a “Results Ticket” is output). In some embodiments, in addition or as an alternative to outputting text or graphics indicating such actual outcomes, a code or identifier may be output, and a player may use the code or identifier when the player desires to view actual outcomes (e.g., a player inserts a ticket into a kiosk and is shown game results, a player types in a code printed on the ticket and views game results online, and so on). In further embodiments, it is contemplated that indications of actual outcomes may be stored on a game disc. For example, such game discs comprising pre-stored representative outcomes may be writable or comprise a writable portion, such that actual outcomes may additionally be written to the game disc (e.g., such that a player may select to view elaborate animations of representative outcomes or simple text indicating actual outcomes). 
     In some embodiments, a plurality of game discs may be provided in such a manner so as to encourage or facilitate resale of one or more such game discs. For example, not everyone may have proximity to a location where such game discs are sold (e.g., a casino), and thus it is imagined that players may visit such locations, purchase discs, and resell them to other players. For example, in some embodiments, a plurality of “component game discs” which may be sold for a single flat price, and packaged, priced and/or otherwise provided in a manner so as to facilitate resale. 
     For example, in one or more embodiments, a number of component game discs in such a package of a plurality of game discs may be evenly divisible by the retail price of such a package. For example, a package of six game discs may be sold for a flat retail price of $50. Further, it may be encouraged or facilitated that five of the game discs are then resold for $10 each, leaving one game disc for the original purchaser. In this manner, an original purchaser may, for example, visit a casino and purchase such a package, then resell five of the game discs to retain his investment, keeping the sixth game disc as a profit. 
     Thus, in some embodiments, unique codes or identifiers may be associated with such component discs. For example, a plurality of purchase receipts may be provided in conjunction with such a package of game discs, each purchase receipt associated with a particular game disc. Such purchase receipts may comprise a barcode and/or other code or identifier as described; the barcode and/or code or identifier may then be used (e.g., scanned) to determine an amount of winnings associated with the component disc (e.g., as indicated by a database). Thus, for example, six purchase receipts may be provided in conjunction with six component game discs of such a package, such that the receipts may be provided when/if the discs are resold (the receipts may be required for redemption). Of course, various other methods of associating codes or identifiers with such game discs are contemplated (e.g., a sticker on a game disc jewel case comprises a barcode). 
     Further methods for packaging such game discs such that component discs may be resold are imagined. For example, a package of such game discs may comprise a plurality of individually wrapped or packaged game discs. For example, in one embodiment, each component game disc may be inserted into a small paper or plastic sleeve, and then the sleeves may be inserted into a small cardboard box designed to accommodate a plurality of component discs packaged in such a manner. In other embodiments, packaging methods are contemplated wherein a plurality of component discs may be inserted into cardboard sleeves, and a plurality of cardboard sleeves may then be attached to each other (e.g., by perforation), such that each component disc may be removed or detached when desired (e.g., a particular perforation is torn such that a particular component game disc is detached). 
     Further still, methods are contemplated whereby an original purchaser may benefit from the subsequent resale of one or more component game discs of such a package of game discs. For example, in some embodiments, a code or identifier associated with such a package of game discs may be provided to an original purchaser. For example, an original purchaser may be provided with a “master receipt” or “commission receipt,” the receipt comprising a code or identifier associated with the package of discs (e.g., and thus with each component disc). In some embodiments, it is contemplated that such an original purchaser may then receive benefits based on the game results and/or final session balances indicated by such component game discs. For example, if a component game disc indicates a jackpot win, such an original purchaser may receive a bonus (e.g., an extra $100 bonus payout is paid to the original purchaser). In another example, an original purchaser may receive a percentage of an amount of winnings associated with such component discs. In yet another example, an original purchaser may be entitled to claim an amount of winnings equal to the highest or lowest amount of winnings indicated by a particular component game disc. Thus, various methods are contemplated whereby original purchasers may benefit from such component game discs even if they are resold. 
     In some embodiments, it is contemplated that a secondary purchaser of such a component game disc may desire to verify the authenticity of such a component game disc (e.g., to ensure that the disc isn&#39;t counterfeit). Accordingly, in some embodiments, an identifier or code indicated by such a game disc (or packaging thereof, or a purchase receipt associated therewith, etc.) may be utilized to make such a determination. For example, a phone system (e.g., comprising an IVRU) or Web site of the present invention may operate to (i) receive such an identifier or code, (ii) determine whether or not such an identifier or code is valid (e.g., according to one or more database records associated with the code, the code is recognized and/or the associated disc has not been redeemed), and/or (iii) output such a determination (e.g., present an audio indication and/or Web page to a customer indicating that a code is valid). 
     In some embodiments, players may be able to acquire game discs in some manner other than by directly purchasing them. For example, in some embodiments, a game disc may be provided for free, or may be provided for free if a player has performed a certain task (e.g., made a particular purchase, placed a particular wager, played a particular casino game, and so on). In one specific example, a player may be offered a game disc (e.g., characterized by a particular flat retail price) in exchange for a payout amount or balance amount payable to the player via a GD. For example, a GD of the present invention may present an option for a player to select a $30 game disc in lieu of providing coins or other currency (e.g., a cashless gaming ticket) in the amount of $25 (e.g., a player attempts to cash out a credit balance of a first amount, and is provided with an opportunity to instead receive a game disc of equal or greater retail value). Various methods for providing alternate payment offers are described in Applicant&#39;s commonly-owned U.S. Pat. No. 6,186,893, filed Dec. 18, 1996, entitled “SLOT MACHINE ADVERTISING/SALES SYSTEM AND METHOD”; U.S. Pat. No. 6,848,995, filed May 15, 2000, entitled “SYSTEM TO DETERMINE CASINO OFFERS”; U.S. application Ser. No. 10/156,576, filed May 24, 2002, entitled “METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR GAMING WITH ALTERNATE VALUE PAYOUTS”; and U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/581,085, filed Jun. 18, 2004, entitled “APPARATUS, SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR FACILITATING ALTERNATE GAMING DEVICE PAYMENTS”; the entirety of each are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes. 
     In some embodiments, methods, systems and apparatus are contemplated for providing and/or activating game discs directly from a remote location, such as a casino hotel room (e.g., the room being remote from a gaming device and/or computer device which generates or has generated associated game results). It should be noted that a hotel room within a casino may be considered a legal gambling jurisdiction; however, due to minimum age restrictions associated with gambling activities, not all players may be allowed to purchase a game disc directly from such a location (e.g., without approaching a booth within a casino). 
     For example, pre-packaged game discs of the present invention may be stored in an area or container similar to a “minibar” of a hotel room (e.g., a locked compartment to which a key may be provided). Accordingly, only a person of legal age to be a guest of a hotel room may be provided with such a key, and thus only persons of legal age may be granted access to such game discs. 
     Alternately or additionally, in some embodiments, pre-packaged game discs may be available within a hotel room, though a player must provide valid identification when attempting to purchase/activate such discs. For example, a casino agent may be summoned to a hotel room to consummate such a purchase, during which a driver&#39;s license number may be taken. In another example, a driver&#39;s license number may be received via telephone (e.g., a player dials a particular extension dedicated to fulfilling purchases of game discs via a hotel room phone). 
     A variety of methods are contemplated for paying for or activating such game discs in a remote manner. As described, in some embodiments, purchasing of such a game disc may comprise an activation process, such that a game disc may not be redeemed for an associated amount of credits unless a valid activation code (e.g., Prize Claim Code) is presented. Thus, in some embodiments, once payment for such a game disc is received, such an activation code may be provided via telephone, a Web site, an in-room television system, a casino agent, and so on. Thus, methods or contemplated for receiving a code or identifier associated with such a game disc (e.g., a player reads a Disc Activation Number off of the back of a game disc jewel case when speaking on the phone with a casino agent), and providing such a validation code based on the received code or identifier (e.g., an agent verbally provides a Prize Claim Code, which may later be used by the player to redeem winnings associated with the disc). 
     Various methods of receiving payment are contemplated with respect to such game disc purchases performed from a remote location such as a casino hotel room. For example, a player may provide such payment: (i) over the telephone (e.g., by calling a number or extension and providing a credit card number and/or agreeing to have charges billed to a hotel room), (ii) by using a Web site, (iii) directly to a casino agent (e.g., a player hands cash to an agent dispatched to a particular hotel room), and so on. In one embodiment, the cost of a game disc may be automatically charged to a player if the player removes the game disc from a locked container (e.g., the player unlocks the container, and by removing the game disc, a radio frequency transponder affixed to game disc packaging transmits or fails to transmit a signal to a receiver within the locked container, such that a memory is updating indicating the game disc has been removed). 
     Further, in some embodiments, redemption of such discs may occur without a need for a player to return to a casino floor. For example, an amount of winnings payable to a purchaser of such a disc may be automatically provided (e.g., credited to an electronic account or hotel bill). In another example, a check may be provided to a player (e.g., delivered to the hotel room). 
     In some embodiments, players may be rewarded for collecting various game discs and/or materials associated therewith (e.g., packaging, jewel cases, purchase receipts, and so on). For example, such game discs and/or associated materials may comprise various indicia, and payouts may be awarded to players who present one or more such game discs comprising such indicia. For example, various symbols may be printed on game disc jewel cases, and should any player collect 10 game discs bearing similar symbols, a payout may be awarded. In another example, if a player collects a predetermined number of various game discs comprising different symbols (e.g., one symbol from a particular group, a second symbol from a second group, and so on), a payout may be awarded. In some embodiments, rather than award such payouts based on indicia indicated by such game discs and/or associated materials, payouts may be awarded based on final session balances associated with such game discs (e.g., players may present any five game discs indicating a final session balance of less than $10 and be awarded with a $10 payout). In some embodiments, such indicia may initially be covered or masked by a layer of latex that must be scratched off, or concealed in some other manner. Alternately or additionally, in some embodiments, game discs themselves may indicate such indicia (e.g., a symbol is revealed at the end of a game disc, or by accessing a particular feature of a menu screen). Thus, in some embodiments, players may be encouraged to retain such game discs (e.g., even if the discs themselves indicate little or no payout) in hopes of attaining such collection-based payouts. 
     In some embodiments, one or more players may receive benefits for coordinated viewing of indications of game results. 
     For example, in some embodiments, the viewing of indications of game results may be coordinated with a live event, and based on the indications of the game results and the live event, a benefit may be provided to a player. For example, a player may register that the player has begun viewing indications of game results at a particular time. This may be done in a variety of manners. For example, a player may insert a game disc in CD-ROM format into a personal computer, and enter an input (e.g., click on a button or other prompt) to confirm a starting time, such that the starting time may be transmit to and/or otherwise received by a central server (e.g., via an Internet connection). In other embodiments, a player may view indications of game results via the Internet, and such a starting time may be similarly received. In still further embodiments, a player may via indications of game results in some offline manner (e.g., using a game disc in DVD format and a DVD player), and may indicate a starting time by using a Web site, calling a phone number, and so on. Thus, various methods by which a starting time may be received in association with viewing one or more indications of game results may be achieved. 
     Accordingly, based on such a starting time, a “viewing time” may be associated with one or more indications of game results (e.g., at time at which one or more results are viewed). For example, if a game disc comprises 50 slot machine spins, and each spin animation takes three seconds to resolve, a viewing time associated with a second spin may be three seconds after a starting time, and so on. Of course, such game results may be stored in a database as described, such that viewing times may be additional stored in conjunction with such game results. In some embodiments, such viewing times associated with indications of game results may then be compared to times at which one or more live events occur. In some embodiments, a player and/or casino may specify one or more particular live events (e.g., a particular Major League Baseball game), though other methods of determining live events are contemplated (e.g., live events are selected at random). However, were a player and/or casino to identify in advance a particular live event, it may facilitate that indications of occurrences transpiring within the live event are recorded and/or stored such that they may be compared to, for example, an indication of a game result associated with a particular viewing time. For example, in one or more embodiments, if a particular event such as a baseball game is determined in advance, various occurrences within such a game may be associated with various payout amounts, should the occurrences transpire in conjunction with a viewing time of an indication of a game result (e.g., a particular type of game result). For example, it may be determined that if an event such as a home run occurs within a certain range of time surrounding a viewing time associated with a particular type of game result indication (e.g., a winning game result indication), a payout amount may be awarded. For example, if any of the following events occur within 10 seconds of a viewing time in association with an indication of a winning game result (e.g., a game result for which a player earns a payout), a player may win a corresponding amount: grand slam ($100), home run ($50), triple ($25), single ($10), strikeout ($5), and so on. Of course, various other types of live events (e.g., other sporting events, live television shows), types of occurrences (e.g., goals, touchdowns, etc.), indications of game results (e.g., jackpots, etc.), ranges of time (e.g., an occurrence transpires within 20 seconds or one minute of a viewing time), etc., may be combined in such a manner so as to award a variety of payout amounts or provide other benefits (e.g., free game plays, merchandise, services, etc.). 
     In other embodiments, the viewing of a first game result indication may be coordinated with the viewing of a second game result indication, and based on a viewing time associated with each, a benefit may be provided. For example, if two of the same types of game result indications are viewed simultaneously (or within a certain predetermined range of one another), a payout may be provided. For example, a starting time may be indicated in association with a first game disc and second game disc, and thereby viewing times associated with game result indications thereof may be determined (e.g., by accessing one or more databases indicating such game results), such that if two of the same type of game result indications occur within a certain range of one another (e.g., both discs indicate “Bar-Bar-Bar” within five seconds of one another), a benefit may be provided in association with one or both of the discs (e.g., such that when a code or identifier associated with one or both of the discs is presented during redemption, a benefit such as a payout may be provided). Thus, it should be understood that a variety of methods are contemplated whereby a plurality of such game discs (or other means of viewing indications of previously-generated game results) may be “linked” or otherwise coordinated such that benefits may be awarded if various indications of game results occur at various times on both discs (e.g., if the 100th game result indication of each disc is a jackpot, a jackpot is multiplied). Such linking may be performed in a manner described above with respect to entering a “starting time” in association with the discs, or in a variety of other manners (e.g., when one or more discs are purchased, a player indicates to a casino agent the discs are to be linked). Further, in some embodiments, a fee may be associated with such linking (e.g., a $2 “disc linking” fee is associated with each disc to be linked). Still further, in some embodiments, various other similarities between the discs other than a point at which indications of game results occur may be considered to determine whether or not a benefit is to be provided (e.g., if each game disc comprises five straight flushes, a payout is awarded; if each game disc indicates a final balance of $10 or less, a benefit is awarded; if a first game result indication of a first game disc comprises three of five symbols needed for a jackpot and a second game result indication of a second game disc comprises two of five, a jackpot is awarded, each of three game discs comprises one reel of a three-reel slot machine; and so on). Still further, it should be understood that such discs need not necessarily be viewed simultaneously in order for a benefit to be received based on similarities between the discs (e.g., discs are “linked” when purchased, but then viewed and/or redeemed at separate times). 
     In some embodiments, indications of game results may be provided in a format such that they may be viewed by a personal computer (e.g., game disc in CD-ROM format and/or an executable software program for viewing game results provided to a player, and so on), and accordingly, a variety of features or options may be made available. For example, as such a personal computer may comprise a memory, a processor and/or an Internet connection, such technology may be utilized to heighten an experience of viewing indications of game results. 
     For example, in some embodiments, a game disc in CD-ROM format may be provided. Such a game disc may comprise an executable software program for viewing indications of game results. However, it is possible that such a program may be copied to a hard disk of a personal computer, such that the game disc may not be required to view such game results. 
     Accordingly, in some embodiments, a player may be provided with a benefit for inserting such a game disc into a CD-ROM drive of a personal computer. For example, should it be desired to motivate players to utilize such game discs, a personal computer may detect whether or not a game disc is inserted, and if so, provide a benefit. For example, if a game disc is inserted into a disc drive while a certain game result indication is output, a player may win an increased payout amount associated such a game result indication. In some embodiments, an indication of such benefits to be provided to a player may be transmit electronically (e.g., via the Internet) such that data may be received by a central server and later accessed when determine an amount to pay a player (e.g., when a player redeems a game disc, such data is accessed). 
     In some embodiments wherein a program for viewing indications of game results is stored on a personal computer, various features or options may be made available to a player. For example, a player may be able to further customize a viewing experience by providing graphics that may be incorporated into the presentation of such game result indications. For example, image files stored on a player&#39;s personal computers may be used in place of various graphics output by such a program for outputting indications of game results. For example, image files such as .jpg or .gif images (e.g., pictures of a player&#39;s family) may be used instead of reel symbols, or as a background. Accordingly, the present invention may in some embodiments comprise a software program operable to (i) receive an input indicating a substitute image to be used (e.g., a player chooses a particular picture by browsing a file system), (ii) receive an input indicating a game image that may be replaced by a substitute image (e.g., a “Bar” symbol of a slot machine-themed game), and/or (iii) outputting the substitute image in place of the game image (e.g., the chosen picture is output instead of a “Bar” symbol on animated reels, a pay schedule, and so forth). In other embodiments, substitute images may be determined randomly (e.g., a player chooses a particular file in which images are located, and the program randomly selects substitute images from the file). 
     In some embodiments, such a personal computer may comprise an Internet connection. In one or more such embodiments, various data may be retrieved from the Internet and incorporated into a program for outputting indications of game results. For example, news, weather, stock quotes or other data may be pulled from the Internet and displayed by such a program. 
     In some embodiments, a first program for outputting indications of game results may be stored on a first personal computer and a second program for outputting indications of game results may be stored on a second personal computer, and the computers may communicate with each other via a network (e.g., the Internet, a LAN, etc.). In some embodiments, such programs may be coordinated such that benefits may be received based on similarities of game result indications associated therewith, as described further herein (e.g., if a certain type of game result indication is output by both program within a certain range of time, a benefit may be awarded). In other embodiments, players utilizing such personal computers may interact or communicate with one another via such programs. For example, players may chat with one another, place side bets, view each other&#39;s game result indications, and so on. 
     In some embodiments, duplicate indications of game results may be provided to players (e.g., who purchase a game disc). For example, in some embodiments, players who purchase game discs may additionally be able to view indications of game results via the Internet (in a manner described herein). In another example, a program for viewing such indications of game results may be made available (e.g., may be downloaded or emailed to a player in a compressed format). In yet another example, static images or other electronic files representing indications of game results may be provided. In yet another example, a printed record of such game result indications may be additionally provided. 
     It should be noted that one use of such duplicate indications of game results, particularly in a manner where they may be accessed online and/or transmitted electronically (e.g., in a compressed format), may be that a player purchasing such indications of game results may share with a second player, such that a second player may additionally view the results. For example, a husband may purchase a game disc, and e-mail a Web address along with one or more codes or identifiers such that his wife may additionally view indications of game results from a separate location. Such methods may be particularly advantageous in embodiments wherein a plurality of players are associated with a game disc (e.g., winnings thereof are split by two players). 
     In some embodiments, such duplicate indications of game results may be provided for free. In other embodiments, a fee may be charged in association with the provision of such duplicate game results. 
     In some embodiments, as described, a game disc in CD-ROM or DVD format may be writable (e.g., a DVD-R or CD-R format) re-writable (e.g., writable and erasable, such as a DVD-RW or CD-RW format) and/or may comprise a portion which is writable (e.g., a first portion of a disc is pre-recorded and a second portion is writable). For example, a disc may comprise pre-recorded content (e.g., encoded audio/video), but may additionally comprise a writable portion, such that other data may be written and/or encoded on the disc. 
     For example, in one embodiment, a game disc in CD-RW format may be provided, and various data regarding a player&#39;s interaction with a program of the CD-RW for outputting indications of game results may be written to the disc (e.g., by an optical CD-RW drive of a personal computer). For example, if a player chooses various selections of a bonus round, these selections may be written to the disc. 
     In another example, as described, a game disc may comprise indications of game results, but a final session balance associated with the disc may be adjusted by one or more random determinations at the time the disc is sold. For example, an automated session may have previously determined a final session balance of 75 credits, and accordingly indications of game results may have been stored on the disc indicating such a final balance (e.g., a portion of the disc contains prerecorded content). However, a random determination may be made at or after the time of purchase that the disc&#39;s value is to be altered (e.g., 10 credits are to be subtracted). Accordingly, a writable portion of the disc may then later be used such that an indication of a manner in which the disc&#39;s value is to be altered is stored (e.g., an encoded media file is stored indicating that 10 credits are to be subtracted from a final session balance). 
     In yet another example, as described, in some embodiments, it may be desirable to generate one or more game results at the time game disc is purchased. For example, as described, a customer may express a desire to purchase a game disc characterized by various parameters, and accordingly, one or more gaming devices and/or computer devices may simulate or otherwise execute a session so as to arrive at a final session balance (e.g., of 77 credits). Based on the final session balance generated at the time of sale, a game disc comprising a pre-recorded portion may be accessed (e.g., a game disc indicating 77 credits is selected from a file system). Thus, a player may view the pre-recorded portion of the game disc so as to watch representative outcomes. However, if such a disc were to comprise a writeable portion (e.g., the disc is a DVD-RW, only a portion of which has been pre-recorded with representative outcomes; representative outcomes are stamped on a portion of a DVD, though a separate portion may be burned), actual outcomes may additionally be stored on the disc (e.g., encoded actual outcomes are burned onto a writable portion of the disc). 
     According to one or more embodiments of the present invention, a game disc may be sent to a player and/or player device via postal mail. For example, after a game disc has been created, it may be mailed to an addressed provided by a player (e.g., an address on file in association with the player). 
     Such an embodiment may be appropriate wherein a customer may “subscribe to” a plurality of game discs by, for example, paying a flat rate in advance in association with such a plurality of discs. Various options may be made available to players purchasing a plurality of game discs in such a manner. For example, a player may indicate one or more types of games and/or parameters of such games (e.g., wager amount per game play, and so on), specify a number of mailings the player would like to receive, specify a frequency of mailings, and/or specify a number of game discs the player would like to receive in each mailing. Further, in some embodiments, a player may specify a schedule for receiving such game discs (e.g., one every two weeks, etc.) and/or a payment method in association with one or more such discs (e.g., bill a credit card when each disc is mailed). In some embodiments, a player may return (or may be required to return) any received media to the casino (e.g., in order to receive any winnings), via postal mail or by returning the media to a casino agent location. In some embodiments, a fee may be associated with such a subscription. A player may request a subscription, pay for a subscription and/or indicate various preferences associated with a subscription in a variety of manners, including (i) using a device within a casino, such as a gaming device or kiosk; (ii) interacting with a casino agent; (iii) using the Internet; (iv) using a telephone service (e.g., an IVRU maintained by a casino); and so on. 
     In some embodiments, a service such as Netflix™ may be used to distribute such game discs. For example, a service such as Netflix™ may make game discs available for a particular fee and/or only to members of a certain tier or membership level. In another example, a service such as Netflix™ (or any other subscription service offering game discs) may apply any winnings associated with a game disc to a membership account. 
     It should be understood that one advantage of offering game discs via a distribution channel such as postal mail is that regulators may desire methods that restrict the immediate availability of game discs or other gambling means (e.g., regulators may understand that providing such discs through the mail may mitigate the number of such discs purchased on impulse). 
     In some embodiments, players may receive consolation prizes when final session balances indicate a particular (e.g., low) balance of credits (e.g., zero credits, a negative amount of credits, etc.). Exemplary consolation prizes include game discs, discounts on game discs, promotional credits and/or free game plays to be used within a casino (e.g., stored on an encoded cashless gaming receipt or within a database record associated with a player), merchandise, services, and so on. In some embodiments, a casino may promote various games in such a manner (e.g., provide free game plays in association with new games to encourage trial). 
     In some embodiments, players may receive traditional complimentary points for game plays of a session. For example, for each game play indicated by a slot machine-themed game disc, a player may receive a complimentary point. Of course, such complimentary points may be based on wagers amounts (e.g., for each $1 wagered, a player receives one complimentary point). In some embodiments, complimentary points earned through game play of such sessions may be earned at an altered rate (e.g., an increased or decreased rate). 
     In some embodiments, players may receive benefits for viewing indications of game results at various locations (e.g., within a casino). For example, a player may view indications of game results using a mobile computing, telecommunications and/or gaming device such as a PDA, laptop computer, Sony PSP, cellular phone, and so on. Accordingly, should the player view indications of game results at a particular location (e.g., a restaurant or other area within a casino), a player may be provided with a benefit. For example, a casino agent may note that the player is viewing indications of game results of a session and provide the player with a voucher for game play, merchandise, services, and so on. In another embodiment, such an agent may scan a barcode of a purchase receipt or swipe a player tracking card so as to store an electronic indication (e.g., in a central database) that a player has viewed indications of game results in a particular location. 
     In some embodiments wherein indications of game results are provided via a game disc in DVD format, various content may be made available via an “alternate angle” feature available in association with commonly available DVDs and/or DVD players. For example, in one embodiment, a player selecting such an alternate angle may be presented with a video depicting a graphical summary of wagering activity (e.g., bets placed, number of bets won, total loss amount, and so on). In another example, such an alternate angle may be reserved to show actual outcomes as opposed to representative outcomes. 
     In some embodiments, as described, a readable side of a game disc may be coated with a chemical sealant, the chemical composition of which may be altered when the disc is exposed to oxygen. It should also be understood that, in various embodiments, exposure to other elements, such as heat, light, and/or and optical laser, may alter such a chemical. 
     In some embodiments, a player may receive a benefit associated with a session by performing an action, such as by visiting a particular retailer, purchasing a particular product, and so on. For example, a player may visit a retailer and purchase a product, and the retailer may provide the player with a voucher offering a 10% increase in payouts on the next game disc the player purchases. A variety of such benefits are contemplated (e.g., additional payouts, bonus rounds, etc.). 
     Rules of Interpretation 
     Numerous embodiments have been described, and are presented for illustrative purposes only. The described embodiments are not intended to be limiting in any sense. The invention is widely applicable to numerous embodiments, as is readily apparent from the disclosure herein. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention, and it is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and that structural, logical, software, electrical and other changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention may be practiced with various modifications and alterations. Although particular features of the present invention may be described with reference to one or more particular embodiments or figures that form a part of the present disclosure, and in which are shown, by way of illustration, specific embodiments of the invention, it should be understood that such features are not limited to usage in the one or more particular embodiments or figures with reference to which they are described. The present disclosure is thus neither a literal description of all embodiments of the invention nor a listing of features of the invention that must be present in all embodiments. 
     The terms “an embodiment”, “embodiment”, “embodiments”, “the embodiment”, “the embodiments”, “an embodiment”, “some embodiments”, “an example embodiment”, “at least one embodiment”, “one or more embodiments” and “one embodiment” mean “one or more (but not necessarily all) embodiments of the present invention(s)” unless expressly specified otherwise. The terms “including”, “comprising” and variations thereof mean “including but not limited to”, unless expressly specified otherwise. 
     The term “consisting of” and variations thereof mean “including and limited to”, unless expressly specified otherwise. 
     The enumerated listing of items does not imply that any or all of the items are mutually exclusive. The enumerated listing of items does not imply that any or all of the items are collectively exhaustive of anything, unless expressly specified otherwise. The enumerated listing of items does not imply that the items are ordered in any manner according to the order in which they are enumerated. 
     The term “comprising at least one of” followed by a listing of items does not imply that a component or subcomponent from each item in the list is required. Rather, it means that one or more of the items listed may comprise the item specified. For example, if it is said “wherein A comprises at least one of: a, b and c” it is meant that (i) A may comprise a, (ii) A may comprise b, (iii) A may comprise c, (iv) A may comprise a and b, (v) A may comprise a and c, (vi) A may comprise b and c, or (vii) A may comprise a, b and c. 
     The terms “a”, “an” and “the” mean “one or more”, unless expressly specified otherwise. 
     The term “based on” means “based at least on”, unless expressly specified otherwise. 
     The methods described herein (regardless of whether they are referred to as methods, processes, algorithms, calculations, and the like) inherently include one or more steps. Therefore, all references to a “step” or “steps” of such a method have antecedent basis in the mere recitation of the term ‘method’ or a like term. Accordingly, any reference in a claim to a ‘step’ or ‘steps’ of a method is deemed to have sufficient antecedent basis. 
     Headings of sections provided in this document and the title are for convenience only, and are not to be taken as limiting the disclosure in any way. 
     Devices that are in communication with each other need not be in continuous communication with each other, unless expressly specified otherwise. In addition, devices that are in communication with each other may communicate directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries. 
     A description of an embodiment with several components in communication with each other does not imply that all such components are required, or that each of the disclosed components must communicate with every other component. On the contrary a variety of optional components are described to illustrate the wide variety of possible embodiments of the present invention. 
     Further, although process steps, method steps, algorithms or the like may be described in a sequential order, such processes, methods and algorithms may be configured to work in alternate orders. In other words, any sequence or order of steps that may be described in this document does not, in and of itself, indicate a requirement that the steps be performed in that order. The steps of processes described herein may be performed in any order practical. Further, some steps may be performed simultaneously despite being described or implied as occurring non-simultaneously (e.g., because one step is described after the other step). Moreover, the illustration of a process by its depiction in a drawing does not imply that the illustrated process is exclusive of other variations and modifications thereto, does not imply that the illustrated process or any of its steps are necessary to the invention, and does not imply that the illustrated process is preferred. 
     It will be readily apparent that the various methods and algorithms described herein may be implemented by, e.g., appropriately programmed general purpose computers and computing devices. Typically a processor (e.g., a microprocessor or controller device) will receive instructions from a memory or like storage device, and execute those instructions, thereby performing a process defined by those instructions. Further, programs that implement such methods and algorithms may be stored and transmitted using a variety of known media. 
     When a single device or article is described herein, it will be readily apparent that more than one device/article (whether or not they cooperate) may be used in place of a single device/article. Similarly, where more than one device or article is described herein (whether or not they cooperate), it will be readily apparent that a single device/article may be used in place of the more than one device or article. 
     The functionality and/or the features of a device may be alternatively embodied by one or more other devices which are not explicitly described as having such functionality/features. Thus, other embodiments of the present invention need not include the device itself. 
     The term “computer-readable medium” as used herein refers to any medium that participates in providing data (e.g., instructions) that may be read by a computer, a processor or a like device. Such a medium may take many forms, including but not limited to, non-volatile media, volatile media, and transmission media. Non-volatile media include, for example, optical or magnetic disks and other persistent memory. Volatile media may include dynamic random access memory (DRAM), which typically constitutes the main memory. Transmission media may include coaxial cables, copper wire and fiber optics, including the wires or other pathways that comprise a system bus coupled to the processor. Transmission media may include or convey acoustic waves, light waves and electromagnetic emissions, such as those generated during radio frequency (RF) and infrared (IR) data communications. Common forms of computer-readable media include, for example, a floppy disk, a flexible disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, any other magnetic medium, a CD-ROM, DVD, any other optical medium, punch cards, paper tape, any other physical medium with patterns of holes, a RAM, a PROM, an EPROM, a FLASH-EEPROM, any other memory chip or cartridge, a carrier wave as described hereinafter, or any other medium from which a computer can read. 
     Various forms of computer readable media may be involved in carrying sequences of instructions to a processor. For example, sequences of instruction (i) may be delivered from RAM to a processor, (ii) may be carried over a wireless transmission medium, and/or (iii) may be formatted according to numerous formats, standards or protocols, such as Transmission Control Protocol, Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, TDMA, CDMA, and 3G. 
     Where databases are described, it will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that (i) alternative database structures to those described may be readily employed, and (ii) other memory structures besides databases may be readily employed. Any schematic illustrations and accompanying descriptions of any sample databases presented herein are illustrative arrangements for stored representations of information. Any number of other arrangements may be employed besides those suggested by the tables shown. Similarly, any illustrated entries of the databases represent exemplary information only; those skilled in the art will understand that the number and content of the entries can be different from those illustrated herein. Further, despite any depiction of the databases as tables, other formats (including relational databases, object-based models and/or distributed databases) could be used to store and manipulate the data types described herein. Likewise, object methods or behaviors of a database can be used to implement the processes of the present invention. In addition, the databases may, in a known manner, be stored locally or remotely from a device that accesses data in such a database. 
     For example, as an example alternative to a database structure for storing information, a hierarchical electronic file folder structure may be used. A program may then be used to access the appropriate information in an appropriate file folder in the hierarchy based on a file path named in the program. 
     It should also be understood that, to the extent that any term recited in the claims is referred to elsewhere in this document in a manner consistent with a single meaning, that is done for the sake of clarity only, and it is not intended that any such term be so restricted, by implication or otherwise, to that single meaning. 
     In a claim, a limitation of the claim which includes the phrase “means for” or the phrase “step for” means that 35 U.S.C. § 112, paragraph 6, applies to that limitation. 
     In a claim, a limitation of the claim which does not include the phrase “means for” or the phrase “step for” means that 35 U.S.C. § 112, paragraph 6 does not apply to that limitation, regardless of whether that limitation recites a function without recitation of structure, material or acts for performing that function. For example, in a claim, the mere use of the phrase “step of” or the phrase “steps of” in referring to one or more steps of the claim or of another claim does not mean that 35 U.S.C. § 112, paragraph 6, applies to that step(s). 
     With respect to a means or a step for performing a specified function in accordance with 35 U.S.C. § 112, paragraph 6, the corresponding structure, material or acts described in the specification, and equivalents thereof, may perform additional functions as well as the specified function. 
     Computers, processors, computing devices and like products are structures that can perform a wide variety of functions. Such products can be operable to perform a specified function by executing one or more programs, such as a program stored in a memory device of that product or in a memory device which that product accesses. Unless expressly specified otherwise, such a program need not be based on any particular algorithm, such as any particular algorithm that might be disclosed in the present application. It is well known to one of ordinary skill in the art that a specified function may be implemented via different algorithms, and any of a number of different algorithms would be a mere design choice for carrying out the specified function. 
     Therefore, with respect to a means or a step for performing a specified function in accordance with 35 U.S.C. § 112, paragraph 6, structure corresponding to a specified function includes any product programmed to perform the specified function. Such structure includes programmed products which perform the function, regardless of whether such product is programmed with (i) a disclosed algorithm for performing the function, (ii) an algorithm that is similar to a disclosed algorithm, or (iii) a different algorithm for performing the function. 
     CONCLUSION 
     While various embodiments have been described herein, it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments explicitly described. Many other variations and embodiments would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the present description.