Patent Publication Number: US-11034054-B2

Title: Prefabricated stairs modular assembly mold and assembling method thereof

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is a 371 application of the international PCT application serial no. PCT/CN2019/109901, filed on Oct. 8, 2019, which claims the priority benefit of China application no. 201811383173.0, filed on Nov. 20, 2018. The entirety of each of the abovementioned patent applications is hereby incorporated by reference herein and made a part of this specification. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Technical Field 
     The present invention relates to a stairs mold, and specifically, to a prefabricated stairs modular assembly mold and an assembling method thereof, and relates to the technical field of stairs molds. 
     Description of Related Art 
     With the process of construction industrialization being vigorously promoted in China, a lot of fabricated concrete structures are being built. The fabricated concrete structure is to manufacture corresponding prefabricated components of a building at the processing plant, and then the prefabricated components are transported to the site for assembly. Fabricated stairs are one of the most common split components in the fabricated concrete structure. Compared with a conventional cast-in-place stairs structure, the fabricated stairs can achieve advantages of short construction duration, high efficiency, and accessibility. However, the current design for the fabricated concrete structure has not reached a forward design, and a conventional design method is mainly used to design the concrete structure and then the concrete structure is split, which causes excessive dimensions of the prefabricated stairs. One stairs mold is required for stairs of one dimension. Therefore, a manufacturer of fabricated components needs to prepare a lot of molds, and molds of a certain specification may be used only once. The increase in mold cost increases running cost of the manufacturer, and is not beneficial to promote the fabricated structure. 
     SUMMARY 
     To overcome disadvantages in the prior art, the present invention provides a prefabricated stairs modular assembly mold and an assembling method thereof. A mold may be used to implement assembly of stairs of a plurality of specifications specified in the existing construction standards. In addition, high precision, convenient assembly, and high efficiency are achieved, thereby greatly reducing costs of a manufacturer and effectively shortening construction duration. 
     To achieve the foregoing objective, a prefabricated stairs modular assembly mold in the present invention includes a base, a step standard module, an upside module of a lower platform, an underside rotating module of a lower platform, an upside module of an upper platform, an underside rotating module of an upper platform, an underside common module, and an underside adjustment module, where: 
     fixing bolts for assembling the flight modules are provided on the base, and the upside module of the lower platform is the flight module at the bottom, where several fixing holes are provided on a side end-plate connected to the base, several locating holes and sliding holes are provided on a vertical end surface connected to the step standard module above, and several fixing holes are provided on a horizontal end surface connected to the underside rotating module of the lower platform; 
     for the underside rotating module of the lower platform, several sliding holes are provided on a side end-plate connected to the base, several locating holes and sliding holes are provided on a horizontal end surface connected to the upside module of the lower platform, and several fixing holes are provided on an end surface connected to the underside common module; and the underside rotating module of lower platform includes a horizontal fixing section and a sloping rotation section, where the horizontal fixing section and the sloping rotation section are hinged by using a rotating shaft; 
     for the step standard module, a sliding slot is provided on a side end portion connected to the base, several fixing holes are provided on a vertical end surface connected to the lower step standard module, and several locating holes and sliding holes are provided on a vertical end surface connected to the upper step standard module; 
     for the upside module of the upper platform, several fixing holes are provided on a vertical end surface connected to the step standard module, and several fixing holes are provided on a horizontal end surface connected to the lower underside rotating module of the upper platform; 
     for the underside rotating module of the upper platform, several locating holes and sliding holes are provided on a horizontal end surface connected to the upside module of the upper platform, and several fixing holes are provided on an end surface connected to the underside adjustment module; and the underside rotating module of the upper platform includes a horizontal fixing section and a sloping rotation section, where the horizontal fixing section and the sloping rotation section are hinged by using a rotating shaft; and 
     the adjustment module includes several sections of adjustment plates of different widths, and a length of an underside of the prefabricated stairs is adjusted through different splicing; and the common module is a fixed-length module, and a curved sliding slot is provided on a side end-plate connected to the base. 
     The upside module of the lower platform determines a step stair dimension by using the locating holes, and is fixed to the upper step standard module by using the sliding holes. The upside module of the lower platform is connected to the base by using the side fixing holes and is connected to the underside rotating module of the lower platform by using the bottom fixing holes. The step standard module determines a step stair dimension by using the locating holes, and is sequentially connected to the step standard modules by using the sliding holes, where the step standard module can move along the sliding slot and be fixed to the base by using bolts. The upper platform upside module is respectively connected to the step standard module and the upper platform underside rotating module by using fixing holes at two ends. The underside rotating module of upper platform determines a horizontal dimension of the upper platform underside by using locating holes, and is connected to the upside module of the upper platform. By rotating the rotating shaft, an angel between the upper platform horizontal plane and the flight incline may be adjusted, and the underside rotating module of the upper platform is connected to the flight underside adjustment module by using fixing holes. The underside rotating module of the lower platform determines a horizontal dimension of the lower platform underside by using locating holes, and is connected to the base and the upside module of the lower platform. An angel between the lower platform horizontal plane and the flight incline is adjusted by using the rotating shaft, and the underside rotating module of the lower platform is connected to the flight underside common module by using fixing holes. The flight underside common module is respectively connected to the underside rotating module of the lower platform and the flight underside adjustment module by using the fixing holes on two sides, moving and rotation of the flight underside common module are implemented by using the curved sliding slots, and the flight underside common module is fixed to the base by using bolts. 
     Further, horizontal end surfaces of both the upside module of the lower platform and the upside module of the upper platform are provided with reserved holes, a sliding reserved hole is provided on a position that is on the horizontal end surface of the underside rotating module of the lower platform and that corresponds to the reserved hole on the upside module of the lower platform, a sliding reserved hole is provided on a position that is on the horizontal end surface of the underside rotating module of the upper platform and that corresponds to the reserved hole on the upside module of the upper platform; and a pin reserved hole module is provided on the reserved hole between the upside module of the lower platform and the underside rotating module the lower platform, and a pin reserved hole module is provided on the reserved hole between the upside module of the upper platform and the underside rotating module of the upper platform. 
     The pin reserved hole module is configured to form assembling key slots during vertical casting. 
     Further, the pilot holes of different heights on the upside module of the lower platform, the step standard module, the underside rotating module of the upper platform, and the underside rotating module of the lower platform respectively correspond to stair dimensions of different specifications, the sliding holes are oblong holes provided on two sides of the locating holes, and a distance between circle centers of two ends of the oblong hole is greater than or equal to a height difference between the highest locating hole and the lowest locating hole. 
     For prefabricated stairs of different stair specifications, pilot holes of different heights are selected for positioning, and then sliding holes at the two ends are used for assembling and fixing. 
     Further, a radian and a length of each curved sliding slot on the underside common module are determined according to a moving path of the underside common module. 
     An assembling method of a prefabricated stairs modular assembly mold includes the following steps: 
     step one: fixing a side end-plate of an upside module of a lower platform to a base by using bolts; 
     step two: selecting, according to a selected specification, locating holes with different stair dimensions, sequentially connecting step standard modules from bottom to top, determining a quantity of the step standard modules according to a dimension of fabricated stairs, and fixing a side end-plate of the base of the step standard modules to the base by using bolts; 
     step three: selecting a uniform stair dimension according to the locating hole on the step standard module, and fixedly connecting an upside module of the upper platform to the last level of step standard module by using bolts; 
     step four: fixedly connecting the upside module of the upper platform to an underside rotating module of the upper platform according to the locating hole on the underside rotating module of the upper platform by using bolts; 
     step five: fixing a underside rotating module of the lower platform to the upside module of lower platform according to the locating hole on the upside module of the lower platform by using bolts, and fixing a side end-plate of the underside rotating module to the base by using bolts; 
     step six: connecting a flight underside common module to the underside rotating module of the lower platform by using bolts; 
     step seven: selecting a corresponding quantity of flight underside adjustment modules according to a stairs dimension and sequentially connecting the flight underside adjustment modules, where the underside adjustment module at the top is fixedly connected to the underside rotating module of the upper platform by using bolts, and the underside adjustment module at the bottom is fixedly connected to the underside common module by using bolts; 
     step eight: adjusting an angle by using the upper platform underside rotating module and the lower platform underside rotating module, determining positions of the flight underside common module and the flight underside adjustment modules, and fixing the underside common module to the base by using bolts; and 
     step nine: respectively fixing four pin reserved hole modules to holes on the upside module of the lower platform and the upside module of the upper platform. 
     The present invention may form prefabricated stairs with different stair dimensions by using locating holes provided on each assembly flight, and then sliding holes on two sides are used for fixing and limiting. Compared with molds that are adjusted by using sliding holes in the prior art, locating precision is higher, an accumulative error is smaller, so that a rework rate is greatly decreased, and assembling efficiency of prefabricated stairs is improved. The underside rotating module of the lower platform and the underside rotating module of the upper platform may perform angle adjustment by using a rotatable rotating shaft connected between them, and curved sliding slots with different lengths are provided on the underside common module to adjust the angle of the stairs, which greatly simplifies an assembling process. In addition, the plane uses underside common module at one end and several underside adjustment modules to meet requirements of stairs with different lengths. By means of position adjustment and quantity change of different modules, fabricated stairs molds of a plurality of dimensions may be assembled, so that that a set of molds can basically meet stairs dimensions of different specifications and models required by the standards, thereby simplifying an assembling procedure, improving assembling precision, reducing manufacturing costs, and shortening construction duration. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic planar structural diagram of an assembled prefabricated stairs mold according to the present invention; 
         FIG. 2  is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 3  is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of  FIG. 1  in another direction; 
         FIG. 4  is a schematic structural diagram of a base according to the present invention; 
         FIG. 5  is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a upside module of a lower platform according to the present invention; 
         FIG. 6  is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a step standard module according to the present invention; 
         FIG. 7  is a schematic planar structural diagram of  FIG. 6 ; 
         FIG. 8  is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of an upside module of an upper platform according to the present invention; 
         FIG. 9  is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of an underside rotating module of an upper platform according to the present invention; 
         FIG. 10  is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of an underside rotating module of a lower platform according to the present invention; 
         FIG. 11  is a schematic planar structural diagram of  FIG. 10 ; 
         FIG. 12  is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of an underside common module according to the present invention; and 
         FIG. 13  is a schematic planar structural diagram of  FIG. 12 . 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. 
     As shown in  FIG. 1  to  FIG. 13 , a prefabricated stairs modular assembly mold includes a base  1 , a step standard module  3 , an upside module of a lower platform  2 , an underside rotating module of a lower platform  6 , an upside module of an upper platform  4 , an underside rotating module of an upper platform  5 , an underside common module  7 , and an underside adjustment module  8 ; where 
     fixing bolts for assembling the flight modules are provided on the base  1 , and the upside module of the lower platform  2  is the flight module at the bottom, where several fixing holes  13  are provided on a side end-plate connected to the base  1 , several locating holes  12  and sliding holes  11  are provided on a vertical end surface connected to the step standard module  3  above, and several fixing holes  13  are provided on a horizontal end surface connected to the lower platform underside rotating module  6 ; 
     for the lower platform underside rotating module  6 , several sliding holes  11  are provided on a side end-plate connected to the base, several locating holes  12  and sliding holes  11  are provided on a horizontal end surface connected to the upside module of the lower platform  2 , and several fixing holes  13  are provided on an end surface connected to the underside common module  7 ; and the underside rotating module of the lower platform  6  includes a horizontal fixing section and a sloping rotation section, where the horizontal fixing section and the sloping rotation section are hinged by using a rotating shaft  17 ; 
     for the step standard module  3 , a sliding slot  15  is provided on a side end portion connected to the base, several fixing holes  13  are provided on a vertical end surface connected to the lower step standard module  3 , and several locating holes  12  and sliding holes  11  are provided on a vertical end surface connected to the upper step standard module  3 ; 
     for the upside module of the upper platform  4 , several fixing holes  13  are provided on a vertical end surface connected to the step standard module  3 , and several fixing holes  13  are provided on a horizontal end surface connected to the lower underside rotating module of the upper platform  5 ; 
     for the underside rotating module of the upper platform  5 , several locating holes  12  and sliding holes  11  are provided on a horizontal end surface connected to the upside module of the upper platform  4 , and several fixing holes  13  are provided on an end surface connected to the underside adjustment module  8 ; and the upper platform underside rotating module  5  includes a horizontal fixing section and a sloping rotation section, where the horizontal fixing section and the sloping rotation section are hinged by using a rotating shaft  17 ; and 
     the adjustment module  8  includes several sections of adjustment plates of different widths, and a length of an underside of the prefabricated stairs is adjusted through different splicing; and the common module  7  is a fixed-length module, and a curved sliding slot  18  is provided on a side end-plate connected to the base. 
     The upside module of the lower platform  2  determines a step stair dimension by using the locating holes, and is fixed to the upper step standard module  3  by using the sliding holes  11 . The upside module of the lower platform  2  is connected to the base by using the side fixing holes  13  and is connected to the underside rotating module of the lower platform  6  by using the bottom fixing holes  13 . The step standard module  3  determines a step stair dimension by using the locating holes  12 , and is sequentially connected to the step standard modules  3  by using the sliding holes  11 , where the step standard module can move along the sliding slot  15  and be fixed to the base  1  by using bolts. The upside module of the upper platform  4  is respectively connected to the step standard module  3  and the underside rotating module of the upper platform  5  by using fixing holes at two ends. The underside rotating module of the upper platform  5  determines a horizontal dimension of the upper platform underside by using locating holes  12 , and is connected to the upside module of the upper platform  4 . By rotating the rotating shaft  17 , an angel between the upper platform horizontal plane and the flight incline may be adjusted, and the underside rotating module of the upper platform  5  is connected to the flight underside adjustment module  8  by using fixing holes  13 . The underside rotating module of the lower platform  6  determines a horizontal dimension of the lower platform underside by using locating holes  12 , and is connected to the base  1  and the lower platform upside module  2 . An angel between the lower platform horizontal plane and the flight incline is adjusted by using the rotating shaft  17 , and the underside rotating module of the lower platform  6  is connected to the flight underside common module  7  by using fixing holes  13 . The flight underside common module  7  is respectively connected to the underside rotating module of the lower platform  6  and the flight underside adjustment module  8  by using the fixing holes  13  on two sides, moving and rotation of the flight underside common module  7  are implemented by using the curved sliding slots, and the flight underside common module  7  is fixed to the base  1  by using bolts. 
     As shown in  FIG. 1  to  FIG. 3 ,  FIG. 5 , and  FIG. 8  to  FIG. 11 , horizontal end surfaces of both the upside module of the lower platform  2  and the upside module of the upper platform  4  are provided with reserved holes  14 , a sliding reserved hole  16  is provided on a position that is on the horizontal end surface of the underside rotating module of the lower platform  6  and that corresponds to the reserved hole  14  on the upside module of the lower platform  2 , a sliding reserved hole  16  is provided on a position that is on the horizontal end surface of the underside rotating module of the upper platform  5  and that corresponds to the reserved hole  14  on the upside module the upper platform  4 ; and a pin reserved hole module  9  is provided on the reserved hole between the upside module of the lower platform  2  and the underside rotating module of the lower platform  6 , and a pin reserved hole module  9  is provided on the reserved hole between the upside module of the upper platform  4  and the underside rotating module of the upper platform  5 . 
     The pin reserved hole module  9  is configured to form assembling key slot during vertical casting. 
     Further, the locating holes  12  of different heights on the upside module of the lower platform  2 , the step standard module  3 , the underside rotating module of the upper platform  5 , and the underside rotating module of the lower platform  6  respectively correspond to stair dimensions of different specifications, the sliding holes  11  are oblong holes provided on two sides of the locating holes  12 , and a distance between two circle centers of two ends of the oblong hole is greater than or equal to a height difference between the highest locating hole and the lowest locating hole. 
     For prefabricated stairs of different stair specifications, locating holes  12  of different heights are selected for positioning, and then sliding holes  11  at the two ends are used for assembling and fixing. 
     Further, a radian and a length of each curved sliding slot  18  on the underside common module  7  are determined according to a moving path of the underside common module  7 . 
     An assembling method of a prefabricated stairs modular assembly mold includes the following steps: 
     step one: fixing a side end-plate of an upside module of a lower platform  2  to a base  1  by using bolts  10 ; 
     step two: selecting, according to a selected specification, locating holes with different stair dimensions, sequentially connecting step standard modules  3  from bottom to top, determining a quantity of the step standard modules  3  according to a dimension of fabricated stairs, and fixing a side end-plate of the base  1  of the step standard modules  3  to the base by using bolts  10 ; 
     step three: selecting a uniform stair dimension according to the locating hole on the step standard module  3 , and fixedly connecting an upside module of an upper platform  4  to the last level of step standard module  3  by using bolts  10 ; 
     step four: fixedly connecting the upside module of the upper platform  4  to an underside rotating module of an upper platform  5  according to the locating hole on the underside rotating module of the upper platform  5  by using bolts  10 ; 
     step five: fixing an underside rotating module of a lower platform  6  to the upside module of the lower platform  2  according to the locating hole on the upside module of the lower platform  2  by using bolts  10 , and fixing a side end-plate of the underside rotating module  6  to the base by using bolts  10 ; 
     step six: connecting a flight underside common module  7  to the underside rotating module of the lower platform  6  by using bolts  10 ; 
     step seven: selecting a corresponding quantity of flight underside adjustment modules  8  according to a stairs dimension and sequentially connecting the flight underside adjustment modules  8 , where the underside adjustment module  8  at the top is fixedly connected to the underside rotating module of the upper platform  5  by using bolts  10 , and the underside adjustment module  8  at the bottom is fixedly connected to the underside common module  7  by using bolts  10 ; 
     step eight: adjusting an angle by using the underside rotating module of the upper platform  5  and the underside rotating module of the lower platform  6 , determining positions of the flight underside common module  7  and the flight underside adjustment modules  8 , and fixing the underside common module  7  to the base by using bolts  10 ; and 
     step nine: respectively fixing four pin reserved hole modules  9  to holes on the upside module of the lower platform  2  and the upside module of the upper platform  4 .