Patent Publication Number: US-2022223043-A1

Title: Target addressing system

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/930,223, filed on May 12, 2020; which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/118,916, filed on Aug. 31, 2018, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,720,056; which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/465,003, filed Mar. 21, 2017, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,115,308, which claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/311,339, filed Mar. 21, 2016—the aforementioned applications being hereby incorporated by reference in their respective entireties. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     For any arbitrary location on the map (e.g., given a latitude and longitude coordinate), a typical reverse geocoding operation returns an address for the location. This is the typical reverse geocoding address. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  illustrates a dynamic addressing system for use with transit services, according to one or more embodiments. 
         FIG. 2A  illustrates an example method for addressing a vehicle or user to a target, according to one or more embodiments. 
         FIG. 2B  illustrates a method for addressing a vehicle or user to a target that is a person. 
         FIG. 3  illustrates various examples for routing service providers to targets within a geographic region. 
         FIG. 4A  through  FIG. 4C  illustrate interfaces for a computing device of a service provider, according to one or more examples. 
         FIG. 5  is a block diagram that illustrates a computer system upon which embodiments described herein may be implemented. 
         FIG. 6  is a block diagram that illustrates a mobile computing device upon which embodiments described herein may be implemented. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Examples include a system and service for addressing users, vehicles, and service providers to targets using multi-segmented routes and/or targets whom are persons. 
     According to some examples, an addressing system determines a target for a service request. The addressing system determines a vehicle stopping location for a transit route to the target, where the vehicle stopping location is different than a location of the target. The addressing system may send an instruction set to a vehicle that is providing the transit service, where the instruction set identifies the vehicle stopping location as part of a sequence in which the vehicle comes to a stop to fulfill the service request. 
     As used herein, a client device, a driver device, a computing device, and/or a mobile device refer to devices corresponding to desktop computers, cellular devices or smartphones, wearable electronic devices, laptop computers, tablet devices, etc., that can provide network connectivity and processing resources for communicating with the system over one or more networks. Client devices and driver devices can each operate a designated service application (e.g., a client application and a driver application, respectively) that is configured to communicate with an on-demand service arrangement system. A driver device can also correspond to a computing device that is installed in or incorporated with a vehicle, such as part of the vehicle&#39;s on-board computing system. 
     One or more examples described herein provide that methods, techniques, and actions performed by a computing device are performed programmatically, or as a computer-implemented method. Programmatically, as used herein, means through the use of code or computer-executable instructions. These instructions can be stored in one or more memory resources of the computing device. A programmatically performed step may or may not be automatic. 
     One or more examples described herein can be implemented using programmatic modules, engines, or components. A programmatic module, engine, or component can include a program, a sub-routine, a portion of a program, or a software component or a hardware component capable of performing one or more stated tasks or functions. As used herein, a module or component can exist on a hardware component independently of other modules or components. Alternatively, a module or component can be a shared element or process of other modules, programs or machines. 
     Some examples described herein can generally require the use of computing devices, including processing and memory resources. For example, one or more examples described herein may be implemented, in whole or in part, on computing devices such as servers, desktop computers, cellular or smartphones, personal digital assistants (e.g., PDAs), laptop computers, printers, digital picture frames, network equipment (e.g., routers) and tablet devices. Memory, processing, and network resources may all be used in connection with the establishment, use, or performance of any example described herein (including with the performance of any method or with the implementation of any system). 
     Furthermore, one or more examples described herein may be implemented through the use of instructions that are executable by one or more processors. These instructions may be carried on a computer-readable medium. Machines shown or described with figures below provide examples of processing resources and computer-readable mediums on which instructions for implementing examples described herein can be carried and/or executed. In particular, the numerous machines shown with examples described herein include processor(s) and various forms of memory for holding data and instructions. Examples of computer-readable mediums include permanent memory storage devices, such as hard drives on personal computers or servers. Other examples of computer storage mediums include portable storage units, such as CD or DVD units, flash memory (such as carried on smartphones, multifunctional devices or tablets), and magnetic memory. Computers, terminals, network enabled devices (e.g., mobile devices, such as cell phones) are all examples of machines and devices that utilize processors, memory, and instructions stored on computer-readable mediums. Additionally, examples may be implemented in the form of computer-programs, or a computer usable carrier medium capable of carrying such a program. 
     System Description 
     An “address,” and variants such as “addressing” is intended to mean a descriptor or identifier for a location. In the context of a route, an address can refer to a portion or segment of a route just prior to a transition or completion point. 
     A “target” refers to an objective for completing a route. According to examples, the target can include a person, a space in a public area, a particular location in sub-regions such as a building, a location within a mall, a park or other enclosure. Examples contemplate targets of varying granularity or dimension, such as a parking space, a virtual space of dimension that can occupy a vehicle, or a visible vicinity in proximity to an individual standing on a sidewalk or within a building. With examples, a target can also be dynamic, meaning the location of the target may move while a person or vehicle is being routed to the target. 
       FIG. 1  illustrates a target addressing system, according to one or more embodiments. A target addressing system  100  can be implemented as part of a network service by which transit services may be requested, facilitated, and/or arranged. Accordingly, examples such as shown with  FIG. 1  may be implemented using, for example, a server or a combination of servers, communicating with mobile computing devices carried by providers and users for a transit service. In variations, some or all the functionality described with the addressing system  100  may be implemented using a distributed computing environment, such as provided by client computers and/or mobile computing devices which communicate with the network service. 
     In an example of  FIG. 1 , the addressing system  100  includes a service interface  110 , a target address and routing component (TARC)  120 , and one or more logical components for addressing a transit object in furtherance of a service request. In one example, one or more addressing subsystems of the addressing system  100  may include vehicle stopping logic  130 , a sub-region addressing logic or component  140 , and a target tracing component  150 . 
     The service interface  110  may receive a service request  91  from any one of multiple types of sources, including a mobile computing device  90  of a user, or a programmatic entity residing with a server or autonomous entity (e.g., autonomous vehicle, drone, robotic locomotive). In an example of  FIG. 1 , the service interface  110  communicates with the mobile computing device  90  to receive the service request. In response to receiving the service request  91  and/or in response to the service request  91  being processed by the network service, the target addressing system  100  generates a transit route  123  that includes instructions to address a user, service provider, vehicle or autonomous entity to a location that is in proximity to a desired target. In some examples, the service request  91  is fulfilled at least in part by a human operator. For example, the service request  91  may correspond to a rider requesting a transport from a transport service (e.g., on-demand transport), a user requesting a delivery, or a messenger service (e.g., using vehicle, bicycle or runner). 
     In variations, the service request  91  can be fulfilled at least in part by an autonomous or robotic entity, such as an autonomous vehicle, a drone, or robotic locomotive. For example, the service request  91  may be fulfilled by a human user or operator meeting an autonomous entity at a target location. In other examples, the service request  91  can be fulfilled by an autonomous entity (e.g., autonomous vehicle) meeting another autonomous entity (e.g., drone) at a target location to exchange a physical object or perform another task. In such examples, the addressing system  100  fulfills the service request  91  by enabling a human or autonomous entity to meet a recipient autonomous entity at a target location that, for example, is less than four (4) feet in its greatest dimension. The addressing system  100  can operate to enable such a meeting by providing each entity (human or autonomous) an address to the target location (e.g., meeting location), so that each entity arrives at the target location within a threshold time period (e.g., within 5 seconds of each other). 
     In some examples, the service request  91  may include an identifier  95  of a target. The target identifier  95  can correspond to a global positioning system (“GPS”) location, a map pin drop location (e.g., a location specified by a pin on a map user interface), a business name, landmark, or conventional street address. Still further, in some variations, the target identifier  95  can correspond to a name, phone number, moniker (e.g., alias used by a person) or other identifier of a human being. In other examples, the target identifier  95  can provide an identification of any object or place which can be located in a serviced geographic region at a given point interval of time (e.g., time interval of x seconds, minutes, hours, etc.). The addressing system  100  can generate the transit route  123  to, for example, (i) direct a user, service provider, vehicle or autonomous entity to a pickup location of a transport request, (ii) transport a rider from a pickup location to a drop-off location, (iii) deliver an item to a location or person, (iv) transport a rider to a location that is near a specific person, or (v) instruct an autonomous entity to arrive at a virtually defined location at a particular time interval. 
     Within the addressing system  100 , the service request  91  can be processed to determine target information  113  for the target identifier  95  of the service request  91 . A target determination component  112  can determine various types of information about a target of the service request  91 , such as a type or classification of the target (e.g., person, an area on a street, a place within a building or business (or mall, park or other sub-region). According to examples, the target determination component  112  can correspond to, or be a part of, a transit matching system of the network service. The target determination component  112  can also be in communication with the service interface  110 , such as illustrated in the example of  FIG. 1 . The target determination component  112  can utilize databases or other services (including third-party services) in order to determine information about the target. In some examples, the target determination component  112  accesses a semantic address database or service in order to determine a semantic address for the target. In such examples, the target information  113  corresponds to a semantic address that identifies a particular location using directional and/or spatial terms that are relative to a visually apparent landmark (e.g., “50 feet from the corner of Main Street and First”). Co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/738,698 describes a system which can generate semantic, human understandable addresses in terms of landmarks, direction and proximity terms; and the aforementioned application is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. The target determination component  112  can determine target information  113  using input specified with the service request  91 . For example, the target determination component  112  can determine the target information  113  using a GPS coordinate, mailing street address, business name, or sub-region identifier (e.g., building, park, strip mall, etc.). 
     In some implementations, the target determination component  112  can utilize a map service  108  and/or a GPS coding or reverse coding database to translate, for example, GPS coordinates to street addresses. 
     In one implementation, the target of the service request  91  corresponds to a human being, or alternatively, to a computing device (e.g., mobile computing device, wearable device, etc.) carried by an individual who is the target. As an example, a rider may request a transport service, and then specify a human being as the destination. For example, the rider can operate a client application on the mobile computing device  90  to specify a transit service, a pickup location, and/or a destination or target. The rider can select a feature, such as a “destination” field, and have the option of inputting or searching for a destination location and/or inputting or searching for a phone number or name (e.g., or another identifier) from the rider&#39;s contacts/phone application, messaging application, or social networking application. For example, the client application can communicate, e.g., via an application programming interface (API), with such applications of the mobile computing device  190  to display data from the application(s) in the user interface of the client application. The rider can then select an identifier of the person to travel to. In such an example, the driver or vehicle may then be selected by the network service to provide the transit service by transporting the rider to the location of the specified person. 
     As another example, a customer may request a delivery service (e.g., package delivery, service process) in which a package is delivered to a specific person, and the target addressing system  100  addresses a provider (e.g., package deliverer) to arrive at the location of the target person, with the provided address being sufficient to instruct the provider to locate the target without need of assistance or return communication from the target. Accordingly, examples provide for the target addressing system  100  to address the transit request to the location of the target even while the location of the target is in flux. In such examples, the target of the service request  91  can correspond to an identifier associated with a person. For example, the service request  91  can include a name, alias, and/or device identifier for a computing device associated with an individual (e.g., mobile phone number, service application moniker, etc.). By way of example, the service request  91  can specify any of the following: (i) “Package for Julia Jones,” or “Package for 415-555-2233,” (for transit service corresponding to package delivery); (ii) “Meeting User jojojones2233” (for transit service corresponding to transport request); or (iii) 415-555-2233. 
     Additionally, the service interface  110  can process the service request  91  to determine information such as what kind of vehicle or transit mechanism is required to fulfill the request, and how many phases or legs are required to fulfill the transit request. The transit type can be defined by the service provided (e.g., human delivery) or by a vehicle or vehicle type (e.g., delivery truck, autonomous vehicle, etc.). Additionally, the service interface  110  can include vehicle/provider selection logic  114  to select a vehicle or service provider from an available pool using criteria such as proximity and availability. With the selection, the vehicle/provider selection logic  114  can determine vehicle/service provider information  115 , which can include information such as vehicle or service type, as well as driver or user who is providing or using the transit service. 
     The TARC  120  can utilize the target identifier  95 , the target information  113  (e.g., street side location, location inside building, specific human being, etc.), and/or vehicle/service provider information  115  to determine a transit route  123  for the service request  91 . The transit route  123  can include one or more target addresses that serve to locate one or more transition and/or completion locations for the transit route  123 . In variations, the TARC  120  may determine that the requested transit service requires one mode of transportation to reach a desired location near the target (e.g., one leg of transit route  123 ). The TARC  120  may alternatively determine that the requested transit service requires multiple legs, including at least one transition point where a user or object of transport transitions between transit mechanisms. For example, a human user or service provider may transition from a vehicle leg to a pedestrian leg where the user or provider fulfills the remainder of the service request on foot. For example, when the target is a person in a building, the TARC  120  may identify a first transit leg that guides the user/vehicle or service provider to drive a vehicle to a first transition point, where the user or provider can exit the vehicle. In this example, another leg of the transit route  123  can guide the user or provider to a selected ingress of the building. Still further, one or more legs of the transit route  123  may guide the user/provider within the building. For example, the system  100  may instruct the user/provider to walk within the building (e.g., using stairs, elevators, hallways, etc.) to reach a business. 
     The target may correspond to a location within the business, such that the transit route  123  terminates once, for example, the user or service provider reaches the receptionist area of the business. Alternatively, another leg of the transit route  123  may initiate once the user/provider reaches the business, with the leg instructing the user/provider to a vicinity of a person identified as the target. In this way, TARC  120  can assemble multiple legs of a transit service, collectively providing a multi-segmented (or legged) transit route  123  that guides the user or service provider to the particular location of the target. 
     In variations, the TARC  120  may identify multiple autonomous entities which are to combine and transport a person or object from a start location to the target location. The autonomous entities may be of different types (e.g., vehicle and drone), such that the arrival of one entity at the target location is timed with the arrival of another entity at the same target location. The TARC  120  can instruct each of the respective autonomous entities to arrive at a location where the leg of the human/object transport is to change in entity type. The TARC  120  may then instruct the autonomous entity of the second leg in arriving at the target location. 
     In order to determine multiple legs for transit route  123 , the TARC  120  can include logic to determine stopping or transition points  125  as part of the transit route, with each stopping or transition point signifying a transition between legs of the transit route  123 . As described with various examples, the transition points  125  can include stopping locations for people, human-operated vehicles, or autonomous entities. The transition points  125  may also signify transitions from one type of space to another, such as from an outdoor area to an ingress of a building or sub-region. As another example, a transition point  125  can identify a point of transition for a passenger or object (e.g., package changing hands), moving from a parking lot to a sidewalk as part of a transit route  123 . In determining the transit route  123 , the TARC  120  can determine the number of transit legs required, as well as the stopping or transition points, with an objective being to direct or guide the user or provider to the target in a manner that optimizes an objective of the transit route  123 . For example, the objective may seek to minimize the distance or time of travel for the transit route  123 , or alternatively, to maximize the proximity of the user/vehicle or service provider to the target at the termination of the route. 
     According to some variations, the TARC  120  selects portions of the transit route  123  based on contextual information. By way of example, the contextual information may include, as determined from target information  113  and service provider information  115 , a type of target, vehicle or service used to fulfill the service request  91 . 
     In an example of  FIG. 1 , the TARC  120  may include context logic  122 , which may include rules that factor decisions that affect the selection of portions of the transit route and/or transition points. In particular, context logic  122  can include generalized logic that implements rules that are not specific to location. For example, the transit route  123  may specify that within a building, a person should take stairs to a business that is on the second floor under the assumption that it would take less time to take the stairs. Accordingly, context logic  122  can factor conditions such as time of day, day of week, calendar day, traffic conditions, weather, or other environmental or known variables which may affect an objective of the transit route (e.g., minimizing the transit time, minimizing the distance between the final location of the service provider and the target etc.). In rainy weather, for example, the context logic  122  may cause the TARC  120  to select a vehicle stopping location for the vehicle on the transit route to be one that is indoor or undercover, when the TARC  120  would otherwise select a closer, outdoor stopping point in better weather. 
     As an addition or variation, the context logic  122  may also include service type logic  124 , corresponding to weights or rules for implementing the context logic  122  based on the type of service in use for the transit route or leg. For example, the TARC  120  may determine a different transition point  123  when the first leg of a transit route  123  is completed by a vehicle, based on whether the vehicle is human driven or an autonomous vehicle. For example, the TARC  120  may operate under the assumption that human driven vehicles can be more responsive to dynamic and unknown events on the side of an urban roadway. To further the example, the TARC  120  may guide the human driven vehicle to a vehicle stopping point that corresponds to a visually undefined space on a side of a roadway, while the autonomous vehicle may be guided to a parking space that is well-defined. 
     Still further, the context logic  122  can also include target logic  126 , corresponding to weights or rules for determining the transit route or portion thereof, based on the target information. For example, the target logic  126  can include weights or rules that are specific for a particular sub-region (e.g., specific building, park, mall, etc.). For example, the target logic  126  can specify which entrance to a building or park is preferred based on specific conditions (e.g. time of day or day of week, weather, a type of vehicle used for transit to location near building, etc.). The entrance to the building or park can affect, for example, a vehicle portion of the transit route  123  by influencing the selection of the preceding vehicle stopping location  131  by the TARC  120 . 
     In one example, the TARC  120  utilizes a map service  108  in order to determine at least a portion of the transit route  123 . According to some examples, the TARC  120  utilizes vehicle stopping logic  130  to determine a vehicle stopping location  131 , corresponding to a transition point  125  for a vehicle on the roadway. For transit routes having one segment that terminates on a roadway, the vehicle stopping logic  130  can identify where the vehicle may stop to satisfy conditions or criteria for proximity to the target. In the case where a user makes a service request  91  (e.g., transit request), the vehicle stopping logic  130  can determine (i) a suitable roadway stopping location, and/or (ii) a municipally defined parking spot. The roadway stopping location may identify locations where a vehicle can, for example, park temporarily, or double park. 
     In some variations, the vehicle stopping logic  130  implements a database of virtualized vehicle stopping spaces. In one implementation, the target addressing system  100  includes, or has access to a database of virtual vehicular stopping spaces (“VVSS Database  137 ,” or “Virtual DB  137 ” as referred to in  FIG. 1 ). The VVSS database  137  can logically pre-define vehicle stopping spaces, with each vehicle stopping space corresponding to a space on a roadway where vehicles are permitted to stop, at least for purposes such as rider pick-ups and drop-offs, loading or unloading, or parking for a limited duration of time. The vehicle stopping spaces of the VVSS database  137  can be dimensioned, for example, to accommodate a single vehicle at any one time. The vehicle stopping spaces of the VVSS database  137  can each be associated with parameters that define, for example, a time of day when the vehicle space exists. Other parameters may also define, for example, a type of vehicle which may use the vehicle stopping space (e.g., sedan, or vehicles of certain dimension). Still further, individual vehicle stopping spaces of the VVSS database  137  can be associated with availability parameters, which dictate how likely a vehicle stopping space is going to be available based on contextual information (e.g., day or week, time of day, amount of traffic) and/or sampling of known information (e.g., feedback or input from other vehicles on the roadway). 
     The TARC  120  can use the vehicle stopping logic  130  to identify one or more vehicle stopping spaces. Once identified, the TARC  120  can communicate the vehicle stopping spaces to providers as part of the transit route  123 . In variations, the vehicle stopping logic  130  can include a vehicle interface  132 , to enable providers or autonomous vehicles to receive information about the stopping spaces independently of a particular transit. As an addition or alternative, the vehicle interface  132  can provide information that identifies the vehicle spaces in the form of a virtual layer that overlays or accompanies map content, such as provided to a computing device in use in a given vehicle for navigation purposes. In other examples, the vehicle interface  132  can include functionality for receiving location input from individual vehicles (e.g., transit vehicles), and using the VVSS database  137  to identify vehicle spaces that are near the vehicles. 
     The VVSS database  137  can be generated for a given geographic region using a combination of manual and/or automated input. For example, some vehicles can be outfitted with camera sensors that can scan the edge of the roadways along select city blocks to identify side road segments which can receive vehicles without interference to traffic. The stopping/parking rules of the side road segments can also be determined and correlated to the spaces. For example, the vehicles can scan the street signs for parking or stopping rules (e.g., time when parking or stopping is permitted or forbidden), or the information may be retrieved from publicly available data sources. The determined roadway segments can be logically segmented into vehicle spaces (e.g., on map content) and each vehicle space can be associated with an identifier and an address. In some examples, the address for individual vehicle spaces can be defined by dimensional parameters of length and width, with the dimension accommodating a desired threshold (e.g., dimensioned to accommodate a vehicle type). In some variations, the VVSS database  137  can include data that links identified vehicle spaces to (i) rules for when the vehicle spaces are available (e.g., based on city rules), (ii) rules for how the individual vehicle spaces can be used, such as the duration of time for permissible stopping, or whether the driver can leave the vehicle, and/or (iii) availability data, such as a statistical or analytical determination of whether the space is likely accessible given traffic and demand in a given time period. When determining the stopping location  131  for the vehicle, the vehicle stopping logic  130  can process through a list of virtual spaces, retrieved from VVSS database  137 , to identify an order or hierarchy for a driver or vehicle to view the roadway segment for open vehicle spaces. In one implementation, the virtual spaces can be rendered on a map, or alternatively, described semantically to a driver of the vehicle. For example, the virtual spacing may be identified when the vehicle approaches the target by an addressing statement “available space for 3 vehicles to stop ten feet on right, stop at first available space.” For autonomous vehicles, the virtual spacing can be identified through data transmission that integrates potentially available vehicle spaces with navigation maps in use with the vehicle. 
     In similar fashion, the vehicle stopping logic  130  can access a database of parking spaces (“parking space database  139 ”) for a given geographic region. The parking space database  139  can store information about parking spaces, which can be visually identified and subject to parking rules maintained by a municipality or third-party. In some examples, the parking space database  139  can store information that identifies parking lots and structures, parking spaces within the lots/structures, rules for parking lots or spaces, parking rates for lots or spaces, contextual information that may hinder or promote use of specific spaces or lots (e.g., space is narrow and time consuming to use). The parking space database  139  can also identify those parking spaces which are street parking, which for many transit services are more preferable than parking spaces in parking lots. In some variations, the parking space database  139  can also identify a likelihood or probability that a parking space is available, or that a parking lot or area with have open spaces. 
     For transit routes having multiple segments, the TARC  120  may utilize a sub-region addressing component  140  to determine a transit completion location or transition point  125  within a sub-region, such as a building, park or mall. In one implementation, the TARC  120  uses the target information  113  to determine whether the desired transit completion location is within a sub-region or on a roadway. If within a sub-region, the sub-region addressing component  140  uses the completion location to identify a path within the sub-region to the completion location. 
     According to some examples, the sub-region addressing component  140  can include ingress selection logic  142  and path selection logic  144 . The ingress selection logic  142  can select which of multiple possible ingresses to a given sub-region are best, given the location of the target within the sub-region, a portion of the transit route preceding the sub-region, and/or the transition point (e.g., vehicle stopping location  131 ) of the preceding transit route. The path selection logic  144  can select a path to the target within the sub-region. In some implementations, the path selection logic  144  can utilize the selected ingress, as determined from the ingress selection logic  142 . In other implementations, the selected ingress can be based on a path to the target, as determined from the path selection logic  144 . 
     In selecting the ingress and/or the path, the sub-region addressing component  140  can also utilize sub-region databases (e.g., building database  143 , parks database  145 ) in order to determine the portion of the transit route within the sub-region. For example, the building database  143  can include information that identifies individual buildings, including building geometry, layout, points of ingress and egress to the building, elevators (including floors service by individual elevators), stairwells, stairwell rules (e.g., which stairwells are open from ground-floor), building rules (e.g., rule in which transit user may have to sign in with security guard), business specific rules within individual buildings (e.g., which elevators are accessible without pass-cards). For other types of sub-region such as parks, the sub-region addressing component  140  can access the park database  145 , which can include paths, topology, fields, park rules etc. Similar databases may be used for malls (e.g., identify locations of businesses within malls) or other sub-regions. The various sub-region databases  143 ,  145  can associate landmarks and businesses with various types of information for locating the businesses or landmarks within the sub-regions. Such information can include GPS coordinates, mailing addresses, a section within the sub-region (e.g., floor in building) and/or directional/spatial descriptors that relate a business or landmark to another landmark or point of reference within the sub-region. The sub-region databases  143 ,  145  can also identify adjacent roadways or other path of travel which may be used by a vehicle or provider to reach the sub-region. 
     The sub-region addressing component  140  can specify a sequence of actions for addressing a user/provider to a target within a sub-region. For example, for a given business in a specific building, the sub-region addressing component  140  can address a person using a sequence of actions that are to be performed, such as (i) distance and direction to first stop for first action within building (e.g., “forward 50 feet from entrance towards desk, check in . . . ”), (ii) distance and/or direction to next stop for next action (e.g., “walk right to 2nd elevator from the far wall, push elevator button and then select floor 4 within elevator”), (iii) distance and/or direction to next stop for next action (e.g., “exit left, third door on right”). The sub-region databases  143 ,  145  may address to specific locations within a sub-region in this manner, and further utilize landmarks (e.g., for malls, “take escalator to second floor, 5 feet from water fountain, etc.”). 
     The sub-region addressing component  140  can utilize ingress selection logic  142  to select an ingress  141  of a sub-region, from multiple available ingresses, as part of a transit route within the sub-region. The sub-region addressing component  140  can also select an ingress  141  using information provided in a corresponding sub-region database. Such information may also include one or more of a layout for the sub-region, and a determination as to how frequent individual ingresses in the sub-region are used. The ingress selection logic  142  can further determine the selected ingress  141  using, for example, a determined path within the sub-region to the target, the transition point (e.g., vehicle stopping location  131 ) preceding the arrival of the user/provider to the sub-region, and/or the portion of the route of the vehicle to the vehicle stopping location  131 . In making the selection of a particular ingress to the sub-region, the ingress selection logic  142  can optimize the transit route based on one or more parameters, such as (i) minimizing walking distance or time from a vehicle stopping point to the selected ingress of the building, and (ii) maximizing a likelihood that a suitable vehicle stopping point will be available when the vehicle reaches the vicinity of the building. 
     According to some examples, the TARC  120  can utilize the vehicle stopping logic  130  to select a vehicle stopping location  131  based on parameters of proximity and/or availability to the selected ingress of the sub-region. Thus, the TARC  120  can first select the ingress to the sub-region based on the location of the target, then use the vehicle stopping logic  130  to determine a suitable vehicle stopping location  131 . In variations, the vehicle stopping logic  130  can be determined from proximity, time of travel or other metric relative to a main ingress or popular ingress of the sub-region. The vehicle stopping logic  130  can further include logic for selecting the vehicle stopping location  131  based on parameters such as (i) a likelihood that the vehicle stopping point is available, and (ii) a proximity of the vehicle stopping location  131  to either the target or the ingress to the sub-region. 
     According to various examples, the target for a transit service request can correspond to a person, whose location may vary (e.g., dynamically change). For example, a person may move within a geographic region (e.g., within a city or city block), within a building, or within a business or portion of a building. According to examples, a person can be the target of a transit service even when the person moves from the time the transit service starts, and moreover, without the target/person moving to an agreed meeting point. When the service interface  110  receives a transit request in which a target is a person, the target identifier  95  of the person can be determined by the system  100 . For example, the target can correspond to a person who has provided a service identifier (e.g., mobile phone number), along with a permission setting that permits that individual to be located for transit requests (e.g., the individual can be provided with a prompt by the network service giving that individual an opportunity to opt out), with an account store maintained or associated with the system  100 . 
     According to examples in which the target for a transit request is a human, the TARC  120  can determine the transit route  123  with the last leg of the transit route being a dynamically determined address to locate the target/person. For example, the target may be located within a building, and the transit route  123  can specify (i) a first segment in which the vehicle of the service provider parks at a given location, (ii) one or more additional segments in which the service provider is instructed to move through the building or sub-region to get near the target (e.g., within crowded room), and (iii) a final segment in which the service provider is guided to the target. In the final segment, the user/service provider is addressed to the target using communication exchanges between the target&#39;s computing device, the service and/or the service provider&#39;s computing device. 
     The TARC  120  can utilize the tracing component  150  to guide the service provider to the target (e.g., location of target device  157 ). The tracing component  150  can implement a tracing protocol or sequence in order to address the service provider to the location of the target. The tracing component  150  can, for example, initiate a communication sequence in which a target device interface  152  is triggered to ping or request a communication  153  from the target&#39;s computing device  157  which can be used to identify the location of the target&#39;s computing device (e.g., GPS data from the target&#39;s computing device). The tracing component  150  can be selective as to when the communication protocol or sequence is initiated. For example, the timing in which target device interface  152  is triggered can be based on proximity of the service provider to the target device  157 . 
     In one implementation, the tracing component  150  uses target device interface  152  for a coarse determination (e.g., within room or suite of building) of the location of the target. In response to receiving the communication  153  from target device interface  152 , the target device  155  (e.g., mobile device of another user) can send back location-relevant information  155  about the location of target, such as GPS data, altimeter data, or location relevant data from other resources of the computing device (e.g., third party applications (e.g., calendar application)) running on the computing device of the target. The type, frequency and source of location relevant information  155  may be limited by permission settings of the target. 
     In some variations, when the user or service provider is sufficiently close to the target device  157 , the mobile computing device of the user/service provider  90 ,  92  can switch modes, and seek to communicate directly with or detect signals from the target&#39;s mobile computing device. 
     In one implementation, the mobile computing device of the user or service provider can detect short-range wireless signals and/or communications (e.g., such as communicated over Bluetooth or Wi-Fi) from the target&#39;s computing device in order to determine directionality and proximity to the target device&#39;s location. The target device interface  152  can, for example, trigger the target device  157  to generate location-relevant information  155  in the form of a distinctive trace signal from which a sensor or antenna of the service provider&#39;s device can detect proximity and direction. Based on proximity and directionality indication, the mobile computing device of the service provider  92  can provide feedback such as directional arrows or “hot/cold” feedback, until the provider/user is adjacent to the target. 
     As an addition or variation, visual indicia can be used (e.g., flash phone of target). Still further, a picture of the target may be revealed to the service provider, such as when the user is near the target. 
     Methodology 
       FIG. 2A  illustrates an example method for addressing a vehicle or user to a target, according to one or more embodiments.  FIG. 2B  illustrates a method for addressing a vehicle or user to a target that is a person. In describing examples of  FIG. 2A  and  FIG. 2B , reference may be made to elements of  FIG. 1  for purpose of illustrating suitable components for performing a step or sub-step being described. 
     According to some examples, a target is determined for a transit request ( 210 ). In some examples, the target can correspond to a static location, such as a location of a pickup request, or a location within a building. In variations, the target can be a human, such that the location of the target may change. 
     According to some examples, a vehicle stopping location  131  is determined for a transit route that terminates at a location that is near the target ( 220 ). The vehicle stopping location may correspond to a transition point, from which the transit route can be completed or progressed to another segment. The vehicle stopping location  131  may correspond to a parking space ( 222 ), or to a roadway segment where vehicle stopping is permitted. In some variations, the target addressing system  100  may maintain a database of virtual vehicular spaces, with each defined vehicle space being associated with an identifier, and the vehicle stopping location  131  may correspond to a virtual vehicle stopping space ( 224 ). Still further, in some variations, the target addressing system  100  may track when known vehicles utilize the virtual spaces. The vehicle stopping location  131  can be selected from the virtual vehicle spaces (e.g., from VVSS database  137 ) and/or parking spaces (e.g., from parking space database  139 ). 
     In some examples, the vehicle stopping point can be determined from a selection criterion that includes proximity from the vehicle stopping location  131  to the target ( 226 ). The selection criteria can be specific to a virtual stopping space or parking space, or to a region (e.g., south side of parking lot, road segment north of main entrance, etc.). 
     In implementations in which the target is a location (e.g., pickup location, drop-off location, etc.), the vehicle stopping location  131  can be selected as a parking space or roadway segment that is near (or nearest) to the pickup location. In variations, the vehicle stopping location  131  can be selected as a parking space or roadway segment that is near (or nearest) to a next transition point for the transit route (e.g., selected ingress into building) ( 228 ). The basis of selection can include (i) optimizing time or distance for a user or operator to arrive at the target location, either directly or through another route segment (e.g., through a building); and/or (ii) a determination of availability of the spaces. The availability may, for example, be determined from contextual information, such as time of day, day of week or weather (e.g., during rain, cars stop at the side of the road more frequently). 
     After the vehicle stopping location  131  is determined, an instruction set  127  may be provided to the user or provider, in order to guide the user/provider to the location of the target ( 230 ). In some implementations, the instruction set  127  can include a sequence of actions the user/operator should perform in order to meet the optimization objective (e.g., minimize time of transit route or distance walked). In some variations, the instruction set  127  may include directional and spatial terms with reference to landmarks which become visible to the user/service provider as he or she progresses through the transit route  123 . 
     With reference to an example of  FIG. 2B , the target addressing system  100  identifies a person who is presumed to have a dynamic (or changing) location while serving as the target of a service request ( 250 ). The system  100  can perform a look-up of the identifier provided for the person, in order to determine a device identifier for the person. For example, the service request  91  may specify a target person by legal name, and the service interface  110  or other logic of system  100  may identify the mobile computing device phone number, or service application identifier for the person. 
     The addressing system  100  may determine that the target has consented to be traced for purpose of a given transit route (or transit routes in general) ( 260 ). In some examples, a setting or stored instruction can be determined from an account of the target, signaling the target&#39;s consent to be traced for a transit route. According to some examples, the target addressing system  100  may send a request to the target to obtain the target&#39;s consent to be traced for purpose of completing the transit route. In variations, the target may provide consent in the form of a setting or preference. 
     After the transit route is initiated, the system  100  may make one or more requests from the target&#39;s computing device for information that identifies a current location of the target ( 270 ). The current location of the target may be coarse information, such as provided by GPS coordinates when cross-referenced to a geocoding service. In some examples, a vehicle or person (e.g., user or vehicle) is directed to an estimated location of the target. As the user or vehicle approaches the target or the estimated location of the target, the location of the target may be determined more frequently on the device of the provider. With more frequency determinations, the granularity for the location of the target may become more, until, for example, the target occupies a small area (e.g., 4 foot) within sight of the approaching service provider or user. In variation, a device of the approaching entity (e.g., provider) may selectively communicate with a device of the target as the two devices get closer. As the two devices become closer, the granularity with respect to the relative location of the two devices can increase. 
     Still further, in some examples, the target addressing system  100  uses the target device  157  to generate location-relevant information  155 , such as communications or detectable wireless signals for detection and use by the computing device  92  of the provider ( 280 ). The communications may generate detectable visual or audio output from, for example, the mobile computing device of the target, in order to facilitate, for example, the service provider identifying and locating the target. 
       FIG. 3  illustrates various examples for routing service providers to targets within a geographic region. In  FIG. 3 , sub-regions include a building  302  and a park  304 , surrounded by roadways  316 . In one example depicted by  FIG. 3 , a rider  311  requests a pickup at a pickup location  312 , so that the pickup location may correspond to the target. The addressing system  100  may guide a transport service vehicle  322  that is to pickup the rider  311  to a parking lot  318 . In one implementation, the addressing system  100  sends instructions to the driver of the transport service vehicle  322 , in order to guide the vehicle to a parking space that is near the pickup location  312 . For example, the address system  100  may address the vehicle  322  to park in the parking lot  318  on the south end, so that the vehicle  322  is near the pickup location  312 . Once the vehicle  322  arrives and/or parks, the rider  311  can be signaled by the system  100  to move to and enter the vehicle  322 . 
     In an example of  FIG. 3 , the target addressing system  100  can recognize vehicle stopping spaces  307  on the road segments  308  as individual parking spaces, logically defined by an internal map of the vehicle, so as to not be visible on the road segment. In another example, the vehicle  324  may stop in the stopping space  307  in order to be sufficiently near to a location of a target. 
     Still further, in the example shown, a driver  325  of the vehicle  324  can utilize the virtual stopping space  307  to initiate a new leg of the transit route. The driver  325 , for example, may initiate a pedestrian leg in which the addressing system  100  guides the driver to a target person  328 . The target device interface  152  may signal a computing device of the target to generate wireless signals  329  that are detectable to the computing device of the driver. The computing device of the driver  325  may be programmed or adapted to detect the wireless signals  329 , and further to determine directionality and range from the wireless signals. The driver  325  may start to walk to the target person  328 , until the driver is, for example, immediately adjacent to the target person  328 . 
     As another example, a vehicle  334  may correspond to an autonomous vehicle that is transporting a passenger to a drop-off location. The system  100  may configure selection of vehicle stopping location based on the vehicle type (e.g., autonomous) or transit service type (e.g., transport). In the example provided, the target can correspond to the location specified by the rider (e.g., the building  306 ) and the addressing system  100  elects to ignore virtual stopping spaces based on the vehicle type and/or transit type. For example, the addressing system  100  may weight the selection of the vehicle stopping location to be a parking spot within a parking lot  318 , in order to preclude an unpredictable condition which may be present with use of one of the vehicle stopping spaces  307 . As an addition or alternative, as the transport is to drop-off the rider, the addressing system  100  may weight selection of the parking lot  318 , which is closest to the entrance  309  of the building  306 . Thus, in the example provided, the vehicle  334  may be instructed to circle the block in order to reach the parking lot  318 . 
       FIG. 4A  through  FIG. 4C  illustrate interfaces for a computing device of a service provider, according to one or more examples.  FIG. 4A  illustrates an example interface  410  of a computing device used by a driver of a transit service. The interface  410  may display addressing content to identify the vehicle stopping location for the driver, either to reach the target or a transition point for another leg of the transit route. 
       FIG. 4B  illustrates an example interface  420  to render content for a user or service provider that corresponds to an instruction set for guiding the service provider within a target sub-region. The instruction set rendered with the interface  420  may specify a sequence of instructions which the user or service provider may perform in order to reach a target within a sub-region (e.g, building). In the example provided, the instruction set includes a current action  422  and a next action  424 . 
       FIG. 4C  illustrates an example interface  430  for addressing a user or service provider to a person. In an example shown, the interface  430  can include a directional guide  432  which can represent information determined from an internal sensor or receiver which determines direction and magnitude from a wireless signal generated from the target computing device. For example, the orientation and length of a graphic icon (e.g., icon) can reflect direction and distance to the target. Additionally, an image of the target  434  can be shown, facilitating the user or service provider in spotting the target person from a crowd. 
     Hardware Diagrams 
       FIG. 5  is a block diagram that illustrates a computer system upon which embodiments described herein may be implemented. For example, in the context of  FIG. 1 , the target addressing system  100  may be implemented using a computer system such as described by  FIG. 5 . The target addressing system  100  may also be implemented using a combination of multiple computer systems as described by  FIG. 5 . 
     In one implementation, a computer system  500  includes processing resources  510 , a main memory  520 , a read only memory (ROM)  530 , a storage device  540 , and a communication interface  550 . The computer system  500  includes at least one processor  510  for processing information and the main memory  520 , such as a random access memory (RAM) or other dynamic storage device, for storing information and instructions to be executed by the processor  510 . The main memory  520  also may be used for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during execution of instructions to be executed by the processor  510 . The computer system  500  may also include the ROM  530  or other static storage device for storing static information and instructions for the processor  510 . A storage device  540 , such as a magnetic disk or optical disk, is provided for storing information and instructions, including instructions  542  for determining multi-legged transit routes and instructions  544  for determining transit routes to individual persons or other dynamic targets. 
     For example, the processor  510  can execute the instructions  542  to implement a method such as described with an example of  FIG. 2A . Likewise, the processor  510  can implement logic to implement a method such as described with an example of  FIG. 2B . 
     The communication interface  550  can enable the computer system  500  to communicate with one or more networks  580  (e.g., cellular network) through use of the network link (wireless or wireline). Using the network link, the computer system  500  can communicate with one or more other computing devices and/or one or more other servers or data centers. In some variations, the computer system  500  can receive a transit request  552  from a client device of a user via the network link. The transit request  552  can include an identifier of the requester and target, as well as other information such as the transit type. 
     The computer system  500  can also include a display device  560 , such as a cathode ray tube (CRT), an LCD monitor, or a television set, for example, for displaying graphics and information to a user. One or more input mechanisms  570 , such as a keyboard that includes alphanumeric keys and other keys, can be coupled to the computer system  500  for communicating information and command selections to the processor  510 . Other non-limiting, illustrative examples of input mechanisms  570  include a mouse, a trackball, touch-sensitive screen, or cursor direction keys for communicating direction information and command selections to the processor  510  and for controlling cursor movement on the display  560 . 
     Examples described herein are related to the use of the computer system  500  for implementing the techniques described herein. According to one embodiment, those techniques are performed by the computer system  500  in response to the processor  510  executing one or more sequences of one or more instructions contained in the main memory  520 . Such instructions may be read into the main memory  520  from another machine-readable medium, such as the storage device  540 . Execution of the sequences of instructions contained in the main memory  520  causes the processor  510  to perform the process steps described herein. In alternative implementations, hard-wired circuitry may be used in place of or in combination with software instructions to implement examples described herein. Thus, the examples described are not limited to any specific combination of hardware circuitry and software. 
       FIG. 6  is a block diagram that illustrates a mobile computing device upon which embodiments described herein may be implemented. In one embodiment, a computing device  600  may correspond to a mobile computing device, such as a cellular device that is capable of telephony, messaging, and data services. The computing device  600  can correspond to a mobile computing device operated by a user or service provider. Examples of such devices include smartphones, handsets or tablet devices for cellular carriers. The computing device  600  includes a processor  610 , memory resources  620 , a display device  630  (e.g., such as a touch-sensitive display device), one or more communication sub-systems  640  (including wireless communication sub-systems), input mechanisms  650  (e.g., an input mechanism can include or be part of the touch-sensitive display device), and one or more sensors (e.g., a GPS component, an accelerometer, one or more cameras, etc.)  660 . In one example, at least one of the communication sub-systems  640  sends and receives cellular data over data channels and voice channels. 
     The processor  610  can provide a variety of content to the display  630  by executing instructions and/or applications that are stored in the memory resources  620 . For example, the processor  610  is configured with a target addressing software and/or logic  645  to perform one or more processes, steps, and other functions, including to communicate with a transit service to receive and render an instruction set such as described with any of the examples of  FIG. 4A  through  FIG. 4C . Thus, target addressing logic  645  may include instructions, stored in memory  620 , that when executed, cause processor  610  to identify a target person. The target addressing logic  645  may also execute to cause the processor  610  to trigger the target device to generate location-relevant information  155 , as described with examples of  FIG. 1 . As an addition or variation, the processor  610  may also execute target signaling logic  647 , which enable the mobile computing device  600  to operate as the target device  157  (see  FIG. 1 ) to communicate directly or indirectly with the provider device  92  and generate location-relevant information  155  ( FIG. 1 ). 
     It is contemplated for examples described herein to extend to individual elements and concepts described herein, independently of other concepts, ideas or system, as well as for examples to include combinations of elements recited anywhere in this application. Although examples are described in detail herein with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the concepts are not limited to those precise examples. Accordingly, it is intended that the scope of the concepts be defined by the following claims and their equivalents. Furthermore, it is contemplated that a particular feature described either individually or as part of an example can be combined with other individually described features, or parts of other examples, even if the other features and examples make no mentioned of the particular feature. Thus, the absence of describing combinations should not preclude having rights to such combinations.