Patent Publication Number: US-2020305146-A1

Title: User terminal and radio communication method

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to a user terminal and a radio communication method in next-generation mobile communication systems. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     In the UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) network, the specifications of Long-Term Evolution (LTE) have been drafted for the purpose of further increasing high speed data rates, providing lower latency, and so on (see non-patent literature 1). In addition, successor systems of LTE are also under study for the purpose of achieving further broadbandization and increased speed beyond LTE (referred to as, for example, “LTE-A (LTE-Advanced),” “FRA (Future Radio Access),” “4G,” “5G,” “5G+ (plus),” “NR (New RAT),” “LTE Rel. 14,” “LTE Rel. 15 (or later versions),” and so on). 
     In existing LTE systems (for example, LTE Rel. 8 to Rel. 13), downlink (DL) and/or uplink (UL) communications are carried out using 1 ms subframes (referred to as, for example, “transmission time intervals (TTIs)”). This subframe is the unit of time to transmit one data packet that is channel-encoded, and is the processing unit in scheduling, link adaptation, retransmission control (HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest), and so on. 
     In existing LTE systems (for example, LTE Rel. 8 to Rel. 13), a user terminal transmits uplink control information (UCI) by using an uplink control channel (for example, PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel)) or an uplink data channel (for example, PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel)). A structure (format) of the uplink control channel is referred to as a “PUCCH format (PF),” for example. 
     CITATION LIST 
     Non-Patent Literature 
     Non-Patent Literature 1: 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8),” April, 2010 
     SUMMARY OF INVENTION 
     Technical Problem 
     For future radio communication systems (for example, LTE Rel. 14, LTE Rel. 15 or later versions, 5G, NR, and so on), a study is underway to adopt frequency hopping in which a frequency resource to which an uplink channel and/or an uplink signal (uplink channel/signal) (at least one of, for example, an uplink control channel (PUCCH), an uplink data channel (PUSCH), a sounding reference signal (SRS), and so on) is mapped hops within a slot (intra-slot frequency hopping). 
     In the future radio communication systems, it is assumed that an accessible bandwidth (access BW (bandwidth)) is configured for each user terminal. Here, the access BW may be also referred to as a “carrier (component carrier (CC) or a system band),” or a “partial frequency band in the carrier (partial band)” or a “bandwidth part (BWP)”), and so on. 
     It is desired to appropriately control, in the future radio communication systems in which different access BWs may thus be configured for a plurality of user terminals, a pattern of intra-slot frequency hopping for an uplink channel/signal (positions of frequency resources for hopping and/or hopping timings (hopping boundaries) and so on). 
     The present invention has been made in view of the above, and it is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a user terminal and a radio communication method, whereby intra-slot frequency hopping of an uplink channel/signal can be controlled appropriately. 
     Solution to Problem 
     An aspect of a user terminal of the present invention includes a transmitting section that transmits an uplink control channel in one slot or over a plurality of slots, a receiving section that receives information related to a frequency resource to which the uplink control channel is to be mapped, and a control section that controls frequency hopping of the uplink control channel in each slot, based on the information related to the frequency resource. 
     Advantageous Effects of Invention 
     According to the present invention, it is possible to appropriately control intra-slot frequency hopping for an uplink channel/signal. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIGS. 1A and 1B  are diagrams to show examples of a PUCCH in a future radio communication system; 
         FIG. 2  is a diagram to show an example of PUCCH formats in the future radio communication system; 
         FIGS. 3A and 3B  are diagrams to show examples of intra-slot frequency hopping of a PUCCH; 
         FIGS. 4A and 4B  are diagrams to show examples of a long PUCCH over a plurality of slots; 
         FIGS. 5A to 5C  are diagrams to show examples of a frequency offset when the intra-slot frequency hopping according to a first aspect is employed; 
         FIGS. 6A and 6B  are diagrams to show an example of PUCCH resource sets according to a second aspect; 
         FIG. 7  is a diagram to show an example of DCI according to a third aspect; 
         FIGS. 8A to 8C  are diagrams to show examples of a joint field in the DCI according to the third aspect; 
         FIG. 9  is a diagram to show an example of a schematic structure of a radio communication system according to the present embodiment; 
         FIG. 10  is a diagram to show an example of an overall structure of a radio base station according to the present embodiment; 
         FIG. 11  is a diagram to show an example of a functional structure of the radio base station according to the present embodiment; 
         FIG. 12  is a diagram to show an example of an overall structure of a user terminal according to the present embodiment; 
         FIG. 13  is a diagram to show an example of a functional structure of the user terminal according to the present embodiment; and 
         FIG. 14  is a diagram to show an example of a hardware structure of the radio base station and the user terminal according to the present embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     Existing LTE systems (LTE Rel. 13 or former versions) support uplink control channels (for example, PUCCHs) of a plurality of formats (for example, LTE PUCCH formats (LTE PFs) 1 to 5 and so on) for the same duration (for example, 14 symbols in a normal cyclic prefix (CP)). 
     In future radio communication systems (for example, LTE Rel. 15 or later versions, 5G, NR, and so on), a study is underway to transmit UCI by using uplink control channels (for example, PUCCHs) of a plurality of formats (for example, NR PUCCH formats (NR PFs), also referred to simply as “PUCCH formats”) different from each other at least in period. 
       FIGS. 1A and 1B  are diagrams to show examples of a PUCCH in a future radio communication system.  FIG. 1A  shows a PUCCH (a short PUCCH or first uplink control channel) constituted of a relatively small number of symbols (duration, for example, one to two symbols).  FIG. 1B  shows a PUCCH (a long PUCCH or second uplink control channel) constituted of a larger number of symbols (duration, for example, 4 to 14 symbols) than that of the short PUCCH. 
     As shown in  FIG. 1A , the short PUCCH may be mapped to a certain number of symbols (for example, one to two symbols) (PUCCH duration) from the end of a slot. Note that the symbols to which the short PUCCH is mapped are not limited to those at the end of the slot but may be the certain number of symbols at the start of or in the middle of the slot. The starting position of the short PUCCH in the time direction in the slot may be indicated by an index of a starting symbol. 
     In addition, the short PUCCH is mapped to one or more frequency resources (for example, one or more PRBs). Note that it is assumed in  FIG. 1A  that the short PUCCH is mapped to consecutive PRBs, but the short PUCCH may be mapped to nonconsecutive PRBs. 
     Alternatively, the short PUCCH may be time-division-multiplexed and/or frequency-division-multiplexed with an uplink data channel (hereinafter also referred to as a “PUSCH”) in the slot. Furthermore, the short PUCCH may be time-division-multiplexed and/or frequency-division-multiplexed with a downlink data channel (hereinafter also referred to as a “PDSCH”) and/or a downlink control channel (hereinafter also referred to as a “PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel)”) in the slot. 
     The short PUCCH may use a multi-carrier waveform (for example, an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) waveform) or may use a single-carrier waveform (for example, a DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) waveform or an OFDM waveform using a CAZAC (Constant Amplitude Zero Auto Correlation) sequence (for example, a CGS (Computer Generated Sequence) or a Zhadoff-chu sequence)) as a reference sequence of a transmission signal. 
     The format of the short PUCCH may be, for example, PUCCH format (PF) 0 or 2. The format of the short PUCCH may vary depending on the number of bits of the UCI (for example, whether the number of bits is up to 2 bits or more than 2 bits). For example, PUCCH format 0 may be used for the UCI of up to 2 bits, while PUCCH format 2 may be used for UCI of more than 2 bits (see  FIG. 2 ). 
     Meanwhile, as shown in  FIG. 1B , the long PUCCH may be mapped over a larger number of symbols (for example, 4 to 14 symbols) (PUCCH duration) than that of the short PUCCH. In  FIG. 1B , the long PUCCH is not mapped to a certain number of symbols at the starting of the slot but may be mapped to the certain number of symbols at the start. The starting position of the long PUCCH in the time direction in the slot may be indicated by an index of a starting symbol. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 1B , to obtain a power boosting effect, the long PUCCH may be constituted of a smaller number of frequency resources (for example, one or two PRBs) than that of the short PUCCH or may be constituted of an equal number of frequency resources to that of the short PUCCH. 
     The long PUCCH may be frequency-division-multiplexed with a PUSCH in the slot. The long PUCCH may be time-division-multiplexed with a PDCCH in the slot. The long PUCCH may be mapped to the same slot as that of the short PUCCH. In the long PUCCH, a single-carrier waveform (for example, a DFT-s-OFDM waveform) may be used, or a multi-carrier waveform (for example, an OFDM waveform) may be used. 
     The format of the long PUCCH may be, for example, PUCCH format (PF) 1, 3 or 4. The format of the long PUCCH may vary depending on the number of bits of the UCI (for example, whether the number of bits is up to 2 bits or more than 2 bits). For example, PUCCH format 1 may be used for UCI of up to 2 bits, while PUCCH format 3 or 4 may be used for UCI of more than 2 bits (see  FIG. 2 ). 
     Furthermore, the format of the long PUCCH may be controlled based on the number N of bits of the UCI. For example, PUCCH format 3 may be used for UCI of more than N bits (or N bits or more), while PUCCH format 4 may be used for UCI of up to N bits (or less than N bits) and more than 2 bits (see  FIG. 2 ). 
     Note that  FIG. 2  is merely an example, and N may be N=2 or may be N&gt;2. Alternatively, in  FIG. 2 , N of different values may be used for PUCCH format 3 and PUCCH format 4. For example, N=2 may be used for PUCCH format 3, while N=100 may be used for PUCCH format 4. 
     Furthermore, the format of the long PUCCH may vary depending on whether or not to employ block-wise spreading before DFT (for example, block-wise spreading in a time domain using orthogonal cover code (OCC)). For example, PUCCH format 3 may be used in the case of not employing block-wise spreading before DFT, while PUCCH format 4 may be used in the case of employing block-wise spreading before DFT. Note that, in PUCH format 1 or/and 4, block-wise spreading after DFT (for example, block-wise spreading in the time domain using OCC) may be employed. 
     Furthermore, as shown in  FIG. 1B , frequency hopping in which a frequency resource hops at a certain timing in one slot (intra slot frequency hopping) may be employed on the long PUCCH. Although not shown, similar intra-slot frequency hopping may also be employed on the short PUCCH and/or PUSCH constituted of a plurality of symbols. 
       FIGS. 3A and 3B  are diagrams to show examples of intra-slot frequency hopping of a PUCCH (for example, a long PUCCH). Note that, although a long PUCCH is illustrated as an example of a PUCCH in  FIGS. 3A and 3B , the intra-slot frequency hopping can be similarly employed on other uplink channels/signals, such as a short PUCCH, a PUSCH, and an SRS. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 3A and 3B , in the above-described future radio communication system, an accessible bandwidth (access BW (bandwidth)) may be configured for each user terminal. Here, the access BW may be also referred to as a “carrier (component carrier (CC) or a system band),” or a “partial frequency band in the carrier (partial band)” or a “bandwidth part (BWP)”), and so on. 
     For example, in  FIGS. 3A and 3B , an access BW of user terminal # 1  is configured to be wider than an access BW of user terminal # 2 . The distance (offset) between frequency resources to which PUCCHs are mapped may be different ( FIG. 3A ) or may be the same ( FIG. 3B ) for user terminals # 1  and # 2  having different access BWs. 
     In addition, in the above-described future radio communication system, a study is underway to enable UCI transmission using a long PUCCH over a plurality of slots.  FIGS. 4A and 4B  are diagrams to show examples of a long PUCCH over a plurality of slots. Note that, although a long PUCCH is illustrated in each of  FIGS. 4A and 4B , these examples are similarly applicable to other uplink channels/signals, such as a PUSCH and an SRS. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 4A and 4B , in the case of the long PUCCH over a plurality of slots, the slots may have the same duration (PUCCH duration) and/or starting symbol of the long PUCCH. Note that, although not illustrated, the slots may have different PUCCH durations and/or starting symbols. 
     As shown in  FIG. 4A , intra-slot frequency hopping may be employed on the long PUCCH over a plurality of slots in each slot. Alternatively, as shown in  FIG. 4B , for the long PUCCH over a plurality of slots, frequency hopping which causes frequency resources to which the long PUCCH is mapped to hop among the plurality of slots (inter-slot frequency hopping) may be employed. 
     Note that intra-slot frequency hopping ( FIG. 3A ) and inter-slot frequency hopping ( FIG. 3B ) are not simultaneously employed for the same user terminal in the long PUCCH over a plurality of slots. 
     As described above, in the future radio communication system (for example, LTE Rel. 15 or later versions, 5G, NR, and so on), it is assumed that the access BW may be different for each user terminal (for example,  FIGS. 3A and 3B ). Hence, it is desired to flexibly control, for each user terminal, a pattern of intra-slot frequency hopping (for example, positions of frequency resources for hopping and/or hopping timings, and so on) of an uplink channel/signal (for example, at least one of the above-described long PUCCH, short PUCCH, PUSCH, SRS, and so on). 
     In view of this, the inventors of the present invention studied a method for flexibly controlling a pattern of intra-slot frequency hopping of an uplink channel/signal and reached the present invention. 
     Hereinafter, the present embodiment will be described in detail. In the following, a description will be given mainly of a PUCCH and/or a PUSCH (PUCCH/PUSCH) as an example of an uplink channel/signal. However, the present embodiment is also applicable to other uplink channels and/or uplink signals, such as an SRS. In addition, “PUCCH” is hereinafter used as a general term for a long PUCCH and/or a short PUCCH. 
     (First Aspect) 
     In a first aspect, a description will be given of determination of frequency resources to which a PUCCH/PUSCH is to be mapped, when intra-slot frequency hopping is employed on the PUCCH/PUSCH. 
     When intra-slot frequency hopping is employed on a PUCCH/PUSCH, a radio base station may report to a user terminal about information related to frequency resources to which the PUCCH/PUSCH is to be mapped (frequency resource information). 
     Here, the frequency resource information may include information indicating an index of a certain frequency resource (for example, a first-hop (starting) frequency resource) (for example, an index of a PRB and/or a resource element (RE) (PRB/RE)) and information related to other frequency resources (for example, second- and subsequent-hop frequent resources). The information related to the other frequency resources may be, for example, information indicating a certain frequency offset (frequency offset information) or information indicating indices of the other frequency resources. 
       FIGS. 5A to 5C  are diagrams to show examples of a frequency offset when intra-slot frequency hopping according to the first aspect is employed. In  FIGS. 5A to 5C , cases of employing intra-slot frequency hopping in a BWP configured for a user terminal are illustrated. However, the bandwidth for which the intra-slot frequency hopping is employed is not limited to the BWP as long as being an access BW of the user terminal. In  FIGS. 5A to 5C , hopping between two frequency resources is shown, but hopping may be among two or more frequency resources. 
       FIGS. 5A to 5C  shows cases in which a frequency resource of each of first and second hops is constituted of a certain number of resource units (for example, one or more PRBs or REs). In  FIGS. 5A to 5C , the user terminal is assumed to be reported about index #n (for example, the smallest index) of a certain resource unit (for example, PRB/RE) of the first-hop frequency resource. 
     For example, in  FIG. 5A , the radio base station reports to the user terminal about frequency offset information indicating frequency offset k from index #n of the previous-hop (here, first-hop) frequency resource. In  FIG. 5A , the user terminal may determine index #n+k (for example, the smallest PRB index or RE index) of the next-hop (here, second-hop) frequency resource, based on index #n of the previous-hop (here, first-hop) frequency resource and frequency offset k (k=integer). 
     In  FIG. 5B , the radio base station reports to the user terminal about frequency offset information indicating frequency offset k from index #m of a frequency resource used as a reference (reference frequency resource). The user terminal may be reported about (configured with) the information indicating index #m through higher layer signaling. In  FIG. 5B , the user terminal may determine index #m+k (for example, the smallest PRB index or RE index) of the second-hop frequency resource, based on index #m of the reference frequency resource and frequency offset k (k=integer.). 
     In  FIG. 5C , the radio base station reports to the user terminal about frequency offset information indicating frequency offset k of index #l (for example, a PRB or RE index) of an edge of the access BW (here, BWP) of the user terminal. Index #l may be an index (for example, a PRB index or RE index) of the opposite edge of the access BW from that of the first-hop frequency resource. 
     In  FIG. 5C , the user terminal may determine index #l+k (for example, the smallest PRB index or RE index) of the second-hop frequency resource, based on index #l of the edge of the access BWP and frequency offset k (k=integer). 
     In the first aspect, when intra-slot frequency hopping is employed on the PUCCH/PUSCH, the radio base station reports to the user terminal about frequency resource information (for example, information indicating frequency offset k shown in any of  FIGS. 5A to 5C ), whereby the user terminal can appropriately control the pattern of intra-slot frequency hopping, based on the frequency resource information. 
     (Second Aspect) 
     In a second aspect, a detailed description will be given of signaling in the case of employing intra-slot frequency hopping on a PUCCH. 
     A user terminal is configured with (reported by a radio base station about) a plurality of sets (PUCCH resource sets, parameter sets) each including one or more parameters related to resources for the PUCCH (PUCCH resources) through higher layer signaling in advance. One of the plurality of PUCCH resource sets is specified by using a certain field in downlink control information (DCI). The user terminal controls transmission of the PUCCH, based on the PUCCH resource set indicated by a value of certain field in the DCI. 
     When intra-slot frequency hopping is employed on the PUCCH, each of the PUCCH resource sets configured through higher layer signaling may include frequency resource information described in the first aspect and the like. 
       FIGS. 6A and 6B  are diagrams to show an example of PUCCH resource sets according to the second aspect. As shown in  FIG. 6A , values in the certain field in the DCI indicate respective PUCCH resource sets. For example, in  FIG. 6A , values “00,” “01,” “10,” and “11” of the certain field indicate PUCCH resource sets #0, #1, #2, and #3, respectively. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 6B , each of the PUCCH resource sets may include at least one of the following parameters. 
     Information indicating a starting symbol of the PUCCH 
     Information indicating the number of symbols for the PUCCH in the slot 
     Information (for example, an index of a starting PRB) identifying the first-hop frequency resource (for example, the starting RPB) of the PUCCH 
     Information indicating the number of resource units (for example, the number of PRBs) constituting the frequency resource of the PUCCH 
     Information indicating enabling frequency hopping or not (on or off) 
     Information related to the frequency resources for second and subsequent hops in a case of enabling frequency hopping (this may be, for example, information indicating frequency offsets shown in  FIGS. 5A to 5C  or information indicating indices of the respective frequency resources for second and subsequent hops 
     Information indicating which one of intra-slot frequency hopping and inter-slot frequency hopping is enabled for the PUSCH over a plurality of slots (information indicating a frequency hopping mode) 
     Note that at least one of the parameters shown in  FIG. 6B  may be semi-statically configured through higher layer signaling instead of being dynamically specified as a PUCCH resource set. 
     Note that the user terminal (UE) may estimate a PUCCH format, based on reported PUCCH resource without being explicitly reported about the PUCCH format to the UE. For example, when the reported number of symbols of the PUCCH is smaller than four, the UE can estimate that the PUCCH format for a short PUCCH is reported. In  FIG. 6A , each of the PUCCH resource sets may indicate a PUCCH resource of a single PUCCH format. Furthermore, different PUCCH formats may be used for respective PUCCH resource sets. Furthermore, at least one of the parameters in  FIG. 6B  may be specified for each PUCCH resource set and for each PUCCH format. For example, enabling frequency hopping or not for each of the PUCCH resource sets may be specified for each of PUCCH formats 0 to 4. 
     Furthermore, each value of certain field in the DCI shown in  FIG. 6A  may indicate a PUCCH resource set of each PUCCH format. For example, the value “00” of certain field may indicate PUCCH resource set #0 in PUCCH format 0 and PUCCH resource set #4 in PUCCH format 1. In this way, the same value of certain field may indicate the same and/or different PUCCH resource sets among the PUCCH formats. 
     According to the second aspect, when intra-slot frequency hopping is employed on the PUCCH, a PUCCH resource set including frequency resource information of the PUCCH (for example, information indicating frequency offset k shown in any of  FIGS. 5A to 5C ) is specified for the user terminal, whereby the user terminal can appropriately control the pattern of intra-slot frequency hopping for the PUCCH, based on the frequency resource information. 
     (Third Aspect) 
     In a third aspect, a description will be given of signaling in the case of employing intra-slot frequency hopping for a PUSCH. 
     DCI for scheduling a PUSCH in one or a plurality of slots may include information (time resource information) indicating symbols to be used for transmission of the PUSCH in each slot. The time resource information may be, for example, information indicating an index of the first symbol (starting symbol index) and/or the number (time length or duration) of the symbols to which the PUSCH is allocated in a slot (for example, an index associated with the starting symbol index and/or the number of symbols in a certain table). 
     Furthermore, one of the plurality of configurations of the PUSCH (PUSCH configurations) may be configured for a user terminal through higher layer signaling (for example, RRC signaling). The plurality of PUSCH configurations include a default PUSCH configuration (also referred to as configuration 1, default configuration, and so on) to be used until a PUSCH configuration is configured through higher layer signaling. 
     Allocation of frequency resources for the PUSCH is carried out in a certain resource unit (for example, PRB or group including one or more PRBs (resource block group (RBG))). The size of each RBG (RBG size or the number of PRBs in each RBG) may be determined for each PUSCH configuration depending on the number of PRBs in the access BW (for example, the BWP) of the user terminal. 
     For example, when the access BW is constituted of X 0  to X 1  PRBs, RBG size 1 may be used for PUSCH configuration #1 while RBG size may be used for PUSCH configuration #2. When the access BW is constituted of certain numbers of X 1 +1 to X 2  PRBs, RBG size 3 may be used for PUSCH configuration #1 while RBG size 4 may be used for PUSCH configuration #2. 
     Such an RBG size depending on the access BW for each PUSCH configuration may be defined in a table. In the table, the RBG size is determined for each level of the number of PRBs of the access BW. The number of levels of the number of PRBs is, for example, four to six, and four to six records may be included in the table. Note that the table may be common to the PUSCH and the PUCCH or may be unique to each of the PUSCH and the PUCCH. Alternatively, the RBG size may be fixed irrespective of the duration (the number of symbols) of the PUSCH. 
     When intra-slot frequency hopping is employed on the PUSCH thus configured, frequency resource information described in the first aspect may be specified by DCI. Furthermore, employing frequency hopping or not may be specified by the DCI. 
     Here, the DCI may be DCI (also referred to as common DCI, fallback DCI, and so on) mapped to a search space (common search space) common to one or more user terminals and/or DCI (also referred to as individual DCI, non fallback DCI, and so on) mapped to a user-terminal-specific search space. 
     The fallback DCI is DCI for which contents are not configured through user-terminal-specific higher layer signaling (for example, RRC signaling). The non fallback DCI is DCI for which contents can be configured through user-terminal-specific higher layer signaling (for example, RRC signaling). The non fallback DCI may be used for scheduling of the PUSCH and may be referred to as “UL grant” and so on. 
       FIG. 7  is a diagram to show an example of DCI according to the third aspect. As shown in  FIG. 7 , DCI (fallback DCI and/or non fallback DCI) may indicate at least one kind of the following information. 
     Information indicating a starting symbol of the PUSCH 
     Information indicating the number of symbols of the PUSCH in a slot 
     Information (c) of frequency resource allocation for the PUSCH 
     Information (a) indicating enabling frequency hopping or not (on or off) 
     Information (b) related to the frequency resources for second and subsequent hops in the case of enabling frequency hopping (for example, information indicating frequency offsets shown in any of  FIGS. 5A to 5C  (this may be also referred to as a “gap,” “bandwidth,” and so on) or information indicating indices of frequency resources for second and subsequent hops (for example, PRB indices or RE indices)) 
     Information (d) indicating which one of intra-slot frequency hopping and inter-slot frequency hopping is enabled for the PUSCH over a plurality of slots (information indicating a mode of frequency hopping) 
     Specifically, the kinds of information shown in  FIG. 7  may be indicated in separate fields (also referred to as “parameters,” “information elements (IEs),” and so on) in the DCI. Alternatively, at least two of these may be indicated in a single field (joint field) in the DCI. 
     For example, information (a) indicating enabling frequency hopping or not may be indicated in a single field in the DCI, and both information (b) related to the frequency resources for second and subsequent hops and information (c) of frequency resource allocation for the PUSCH may be indicated in another single field (for example, resource allocation field) in the DCI. 
     Alternatively, information (a) indicating enabling frequency hopping or not, information (b) related to the frequency resources for second and subsequent hops, and information (c) of frequency resource allocation for the PUSCH may all be indicated in a single field (for example, resource allocation field) in the DCI. 
     Furthermore, information (d) indicating which one of intra-slot frequency hopping and inter-slot frequency hopping is enabled for the PUSCH over a plurality of slots may be indicated in the same joint field for information related to time resource of the PUSCH (for example, information indicating a starting symbol and/or information indicating the number of symbols in the slot in  FIG. 6B ), or may be indicated in a different field in the DCI from a field for the information related to time resource. 
       FIGS. 8A to 8C  are diagrams to show examples of a joint field in DCI according to the third aspect. In  FIG. 8A , information (a) indicating enabling frequency hopping or not, information (b) of the frequency resources for second and subsequent hops, and information (c) of frequency resource allocation for the PUSCH are indicated in an X-bit joint field (for example, resource allocation field) in the DCI. 
     For example, in  FIG. 8A , ceil [log(Y RBs*(Y RBs+1))] bits indicate information (a) of frequency resource allocation for the PUSCH (for example, the number Y of PRBs), Z bits indicate information (b) of the frequency resources for second and subsequent hops, and information (c) of frequency resource allocation for the PUSCH. 
     The number X of bits of the joint field may be a fixed value, may be a value configured through higher layer signaling, or may be a value derived from the access BW (for example, UL BWP) of the user terminal. For example, in a case where X is fixed, X may be X=15 when the DCI is fallback DCI, while X may be X=25 when the DCI is non fallback DCI. 
     Furthermore, the number Z of bits indicating information (b) of the frequency resources for second and subsequent hops and information (c) of frequency resource allocation for the PUSCH may be a fixed value or may be a value derived from a bandwidth S of the access BW (for example, UL BWP) of the user terminal or the total bandwidth S of frequency hopping. For example, Z may be 1 bit (Z=1 bit) when the bandwidth S of the access BW or the total bandwidth S of the frequency hopping is equal to or smaller than a certain threshold, while Z may be 2 bits (Z=2 bits) when the total bandwidth S is greater than the certain threshold. 
       FIG. 8B  shows information indicated by each bit value when Z=1. For example, a bit value “0” indicates not enabling frequency hopping, while a bit value “1” indicates a frequency offset “1/2*S” in the case of enabling frequency hopping. 
       FIG. 8C  shows information indicated by each bit value when Z=2. For example, a bit value “00” indicates not enabling frequency hopping, while bit values “01,” “10,” “11” indicate frequency offsets “1/2*S,” “+1/4*S,” and “−1/4*S”, respectively, in the case of enabling frequency hopping. 
     The user terminal may control intra-slot frequency hopping of the PUSCH, based on information (a) of frequency resource allocation for the PUSCH indicated by ceil [log(Y RBs*(Y RBs+1))] bits and the frequency offset indicated by the bit value of Z bits. 
     Note that the PUSCH for which the above intra-slot frequency hopping is enabled may communicate at least one of user data, higher layer control information, and message 3. Message 3 is higher layer control information transmitted from a user terminal in response to a random access response (RAR or message 2 from a radio base station in a random access procedure. 
     According to the third aspect, when intra-slot frequency hopping is employed on the PUSCH, DCI including frequency resource information of the PUSCH (for example, information indicating frequency offset k illustrated in any of  FIGS. 5A to 5C ) is transmitted from the radio base station, whereby the user terminal can appropriately control the pattern of intra-slot frequency hopping for the PUSCH, based on the frequency resource information. 
     (Other Aspects) 
     “Intra-slot frequency hopping” above is applicable not only to a PUCCH/PUSCH scheduled in a single slot but also to a PUCCH/PUSCH over a plurality of slots, in each of the slots. 
     Even when intra-slot frequency hopping is employed on a PUCCH/PUSCH over a plurality of slots, employing intra-slot frequency hopping in a slot may be controlled based on the number of symbols (for example, the number of UL symbols) available in the slot. For example, when the number of symbols available in a slot is smaller than a certain threshold X, employing the intra-slot frequency hopping in the slot may be set at off. Note that X may be 7 or 4, for example. 
     (Radio Communication System) 
     Hereinafter, a structure of a radio communication system according to the present embodiment will be described. In this radio communication system, the radio communication methods according to the above-described aspects are employed. Note that the radio communication methods according to the above-described aspects may be employed independently or may be employed by combining at least two of the radio communication methods. 
       FIG. 9  is a diagram to show an example of a schematic structure of the radio communication system according to the present embodiment. A radio communication system  1  can adopt carrier aggregation (CA) and/or dual connectivity (DC) to group a plurality of fundamental frequency blocks (component carriers) into one, where the system bandwidth in LTE systems (for example, 20 MHz) constitutes one unit. Note that the radio communication system  1  may be also referred to as “SUPER 3G,” “LTE-A (LTE-Advanced),” “IMT-Advanced,” “4G,” “5G,” “FRA (Future Radio Access),” “NR (New RAT: New Radio Access Technology),” and so on. 
     The radio communication system  1  shown in  FIG. 9  is provided with a radio base station  11  that forms a macro cell C 1 , and radio base stations  12   a  to  12   c  that form small cells C 2 , which are placed within the macro cell C 1  and which are narrower than the macro cell C 1 . Also, user terminals  20  are placed in the macro cell C 1  and in each small cell C 2 . A configuration in which different numerologies are applied between cells and/or within a cell may be adopted. 
     Here, “numerology” refers to communication parameters in the frequency direction and/or the time direction (for example, at least one of the subcarrier spacing (subcarrier interval), the bandwidth, the symbol length, the time length of CPs (CP length), the subframe length, the time length of TTIs (TTI length), the number of symbols per TTI, the radio frame structure, the filtering process, the windowing process, and so on). The radio communication system  1  may support subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, 240 kHz, and so on, for example. 
     The user terminals  20  can connect with both the radio base station  11  and the radio base stations  12 . The user terminals  20  may use the macro cell C 1  and the small cells C 2 , which use different frequencies, at the same time by means of CA or DC. Also, the user terminals  20  can execute CA or DC by using a plurality of cells (CCs) (for example, two or more CCs). Furthermore, the user terminals can use licensed band CCs and unlicensed band CCs as a plurality of cells. 
     Furthermore, the user terminals  20  can perform communication using time division duplex (TDD) or frequency division duplex (FDD) in each cell. A TDD cell and an FDD cell may be referred to as a “TDD carrier (frame structure type 2)” and an “FDD carrier (frame structure type 1),” respectively, for example. 
     Furthermore, in each cell (carrier), a single numerology may be employed, or a plurality of different numerologies may be employed. 
     Between the user terminals  20  and the radio base station  11 , communication can be carried out using a carrier of a relatively low frequency band (for example, 2 GHz) and a narrow bandwidth (referred to as an “existing carrier,” a “legacy carrier,” and so on). Meanwhile, between the user terminals  20  and the radio base stations  12 , a carrier of a relatively high frequency band (for example, 3.5 GHz, 5 GHz, 30 to 70 GHz, and so on) and a wide bandwidth may be used, or the same carrier as that used with the radio base station  11  may be used. Note that the structure of the frequency band for use in each radio base station is by no means limited to these. 
     A structure may be employed in which wired connection (for example, an optical fiber in compliance with the CPRI (Common Public Radio Interface), an X2 interface, and so on) or wireless connection is established between the radio base station  11  and the radio base stations  12  (or between two radio base stations  12 ). 
     The radio base station  11  and the radio base stations  12  are each connected with a higher station apparatus  30 , and are connected with a core network  40  via the higher station apparatus  30 . Note that the higher station apparatus  30  may be, for example, access gateway apparatus, a radio network controller (RNC), a mobility management entity (MME), and so on, but is by no means limited to these. Also, each radio base station  12  may be connected with the higher station apparatus  30  via the radio base station  11 . 
     Note that the radio base station  11  is a radio base station having a relatively wide coverage, and may be referred to as a “macro base station,” a “central node,” an “eNB (eNodeB),” a “gNB (gNodeB),” a “transmitting/receiving point (TRP),” and so on. Also, the radio base stations  12  are radio base stations having local coverages, and may be referred to as “small base stations,” “micro base stations,” “pico base stations,” “femto base stations,” “HeNBs (Home eNodeBs),” “RRHs (Remote Radio Heads),” “eNBs,” “gNBs,” “transmitting/receiving points,” and so on. Hereinafter, the radio base stations  11  and  12  will be collectively referred to as “radio base stations  10 ,” unless specified otherwise. 
     The user terminals  20  are terminals to support various communication schemes such as LTE, LTE-A, 5G, NR, and so on, and may include not only mobile communication terminals but also stationary communication terminals. Furthermore, the user terminals  20  can perform device-to-device (D2D) communication with other user terminals  20 . 
     In the radio communication system  1 , as radio access schemes, OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) can be applied to the downlink (DL), and SC-FDMA (Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access) can be applied to the uplink (UL). OFDMA is a multi-carrier communication scheme to perform communication by dividing a frequency band into a plurality of narrow frequency bands (subcarriers) and mapping data to each subcarrier. SC-FDMA is a single-carrier communication scheme to mitigate interference between terminals by dividing the system bandwidth into bands formed with one or continuous resource blocks per terminal, and allowing a plurality of terminals to use mutually different bands. Note that the uplink and downlink radio access schemes are not limited to the combinations of these, and OFDMA may be used in UL. 
     Furthermore, in the radio communication system  1 , a multi-carrier waveform (for example, an OFDM waveform) may be used, or a single-carrier waveform (for example, a DFT-s-OFDM waveform) may be used. 
     In the radio communication system  1 , a DL shared channel (PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel), which is also referred to as a “DL data channel” and so on), which is used by each user terminal  20  on a shared basis, a broadcast channel (PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel)), L1/L2 control channels, and so on, are used as downlink (DL) channels. User data, higher layer control information, SIBs (System Information Blocks), and so on are communicated in the PDSCH. Also, MIBs (Master Information Blocks) are communicated in the PBCH. 
     The L1/L2 control channels include downlink control channels (a PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) and an EPDCCH (Enhanced Physical Downlink Control Channel)), a PCFICH (Physical Control Format Indicator Channel), a PHICH (Physical Hybrid-ARQ Indicator Channel), and so on. Downlink control information (DCI) including PDSCH and PUSCH scheduling information is communicated in the PDCCH, for example. The number of OFDM symbols to use for the PDCCH is communicated in the PCFICH. The EPDCCH is frequency-division-multiplexed with the PDSCH and used to communicate DCI and so on, like the PDCCH. HARQ retransmission control information (ACK/NACK) in response to the PUSCH can be communicated in at least one of the PHICH, the PDCCH, and the EPDCCH. 
     In the radio communication system  1 , an uplink (UL) shared channel (PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel, also referred to as an “uplink data channel” and so on)), which is used by each user terminal  20  on a shared basis, an uplink control channel (PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel)), a random access channel (PRACH (Physical Random Access Channel)), and so on are used as uplink (UL) channels. User data and higher layer control information are communicated in the PUSCH. Uplink control information (UCI) including at least one of downlink (DL) signal retransmission control information (A/N), channel state information (CSI), and so on, is communicated in the PUSCH or the PUCCH. By means of the PRACH, random access preambles for establishing connections with cells can be communicated. 
     &lt;Radio Base Station&gt; 
       FIG. 10  is a diagram to show an example of an overall structure of the radio base station according to the present embodiment. A radio base station  10  is provided with a plurality of transmitting/receiving antennas  101 , amplifying sections  102 , transmitting/receiving sections  103 , a baseband signal processing section  104 , a call processing section  105 , and a transmission line interface  106 . Note that the radio base station  10  may be configured to include one or more transmitting/receiving antennas  101 , one or more amplifying sections  102 , and one or more transmitting/receiving sections  103 . 
     User data to be transmitted from the radio base station  10  to a user terminal  20  on the downlink is input from the higher station apparatus  30  to the baseband signal processing section  104 , via the transmission line interface  106 . 
     In the baseband signal processing section  104 , the user data is subjected to transmission processes, such as a PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) layer process, division and coupling of the user data, RLC (Radio Link Control) layer transmission processes such as RLC retransmission control, MAC (Medium Access Control) retransmission control (for example, an HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest) transmission process), scheduling, transport format selection, channel coding, an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) process, and a precoding process, and the result is forwarded to each transmitting/receiving section  103 . Furthermore, downlink control signals are also subjected to transmission processes such as channel coding and inverse fast Fourier transform, and the result is forwarded to each transmitting/receiving section  103 . 
     The transmitting/receiving sections  103  convert baseband signals that are pre-coded and output from the baseband signal processing section  104  on a per antenna basis, to have radio frequency bands and transmit the result. The radio frequency signals having been subjected to frequency conversion in the transmitting/receiving sections  103  are amplified in the amplifying sections  102 , and transmitted from the transmitting/receiving antennas  101 . 
     The transmitting/receiving sections  103  can be constituted with transmitters/receivers, transmitting/receiving circuits, or pieces of transmitting/receiving apparatus that can be described based on general understanding of the technical field to which the present invention pertains. Note that each transmitting/receiving section  103  may be structured as a transmitting/receiving section in one entity, or may be constituted with a transmitting section and a receiving section. 
     Meanwhile, as for uplink (UL) signals, radio frequency signals that are received in the transmitting/receiving antennas  101  are amplified in the amplifying sections  102 . The transmitting/receiving sections  103  receive the UL signals amplified in the amplifying sections  102 . The transmitting/receiving sections  103  convert the received signals into the baseband signal through frequency conversion and output to the baseband signal processing section  104 . 
     In the baseband signal processing section  104 , UL data that is included in the input UL signals is subjected to a fast Fourier transform (FFT) process, an inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) process, error correction decoding, a MAC retransmission control receiving process, and RLC layer and PDCP layer receiving processes, and forwarded to the higher station apparatus  30  via the transmission line interface  106 . The call processing section  105  performs call processing, such as setting up and releasing communication channels, manages the state of the radio base station  10 , and manages the radio resources. 
     The transmission line interface  106  transmits and/or receives signals to and/or from the higher station apparatus  30  via a certain interface. Also, the transmission line interface  106  may transmit and/or receive signals (backhaul signaling) with neighboring radio base stations  10  via an inter-base station interface (for example, an optical fiber in compliance with the CPRI (Common Public Radio Interface) and an X2 interface). 
     Also, the transmitting/receiving sections  103  transmit downlink (DL) signals (including at least one of DL data signals, DL control signals, and DL reference signals) to the user terminals  20 , and receive uplink (UL) signals (including at least one of UL data signals, UL control signals, and UL reference signals) from the user terminals  20 . 
     In addition, the transmitting/receiving sections  103  receive UCI from the user terminals  20  on uplink data channels (for example, PUSCHs) or uplink control channels (for example, short PUCCHs and/or long PUCCHs). The transmitting/receiving sections  103  receive uplink data (user data and/or higher layer control information) from the user terminals  20  on uplink data channels (for example, PUSCHs). 
     Also, the transmitting/receiving sections  103  transmit control information (higher layer control information) through higher layer signaling and downlink control information (DCI) through physical layer signaling. Specifically, the transmitting/receiving sections  103  transmit frequency resource information (first aspect). For example, the transmitting/receiving sections  103  may transmit a plurality of parameter sets (PUCCH resource sets) each including the frequency resource information through higher layer signaling and transmit downlink control information indicating one of the plurality of parameter sets (second aspect). The transmitting/receiving sections  103  may transmit downlink control information including the frequency resource information (third aspect). 
       FIG. 11  is a diagram to show an example of a functional structure of a radio base station according to the present embodiment. Note that, although  FIG. 11  primarily shows functional blocks that pertain to characteristic parts of the present embodiment, the radio base station  10  includes other functional blocks that are necessary for radio communication as well. As shown in  FIG. 11 , the baseband signal processing section  104  is provided with a control section  301 , a transmission signal generation section  302 , a mapping section  303 , a received signal processing section  304 , and a measurement section  305 . 
     The control section  301  controls the whole of the radio base station  10 . The control section  301  controls, for example, the generation of DL signals by the transmission signal generation section  302 , the mapping of DL signals by the mapping section  303 , the receiving processes (for example, demodulation) for UL signals by the received signal processing section  304 , and the measurements by the measurement section  305 . 
     To be more specific, the control section  301  performs scheduling for the user terminals  20 . Specifically, the control section  301  may perform scheduling and/or retransmission control of the downlink data channel and/or uplink data channel, based on UCI (for example, CSI and/or BI) from the user terminals  20 . 
     Furthermore, the control section  301  may control a structure (format) of an uplink control channel (for example, a long PUCCH and/or a short PUCCH) and perform control to transmit control information related to the uplink control channel. 
     Also, the control section  301  may control intra-slot frequency hopping of an uplink control channel (for example, a long PUCCH and/or a short PUCCH) in one slot or over a plurality of slots. Specifically, the control section  301  may control generation and/or transmission of the frequency resource information. 
     Furthermore, the control section  301  may control intra-slot frequency hopping of an uplink data channel (for example, a PUSCH) in one slot or over a plurality of slots. Specifically, the control section  301  may control generation and/or transmission of the frequency resource information. 
     Also, the control section  301  may control generation and/or transmission of PUCCH resource sets. 
     The control section  301  may control the received signal processing section  304  to perform a receiving process of UCI from the user terminals  20 , based on the uplink control channel format. 
     The control section  301  can be constituted with a controller, a control circuit, or control apparatus that can be described based on general understanding of the technical field to which the present invention pertains. 
     The transmission signal generation section  302  generates DL signals (including DL data signals, DL control signals, and DL reference signals), based on commands from the control section  301  and outputs the DL signals to the mapping section  303 . 
     The transmission signal generation section  302  may be a signal generator, a signal generation circuit, or signal generation apparatus that can be described based on general understanding of the technical field to which the present invention pertains. 
     The mapping section  303  maps the DL signals generated in the transmission signal generation section  302  to certain radio resources, based on commands from the control section  301 , and outputs these to the transmitting/receiving sections  103 . The mapping section  303  may be a mapper, a mapping circuit, or mapping apparatus that can be described based on general understanding of the technical field to which the present invention pertains. 
     The received signal processing section  304  performs the receiving process (for example, demapping, demodulation, decoding, and so on) of UL signals (including, for example, UL data signals, UL control signals, and UL reference signals) that are transmitted from the user terminals  20 . Specifically, the received signal processing section  304  may output the received signals, the signals after the receiving process, and so on, to the measurement section  305 . Furthermore, the received signal processing section  304  performs the receiving process of UCI, based on the uplink control channel structures according to commands from the control section  301 . 
     The measurement section  305  conducts measurements with respect to the received signals. The measurement section  305  can be constituted with a measurer, a measurement circuit, or measurement apparatus that can be described based on general understanding of the technical field to which the present invention pertains. 
     The measurement section  305  may measure the channel quality in UL, based on, for example, the received power (for example, RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power)) and/or the received quality (for example, RSRQ (Reference Signal Received Quality)) of UL reference signals. The measurement results may be output to the control section  301 . 
     &lt;User Terminal&gt; 
       FIG. 12  is a diagram to show an example of an overall structure of a user terminal according to the present embodiment. Each user terminal  20  is provided with a plurality of transmitting/receiving antennas  201  for MIMO communication, amplifying sections  202 , transmitting/receiving sections  203 , a baseband signal processing section  204 , and an application section  205 . 
     Radio frequency signals that are received in the plurality of transmitting/receiving antennas  201  are amplified in the amplifying sections  202 . The transmitting/receiving sections  203  receive DL signals amplified in the amplifying sections  202 . The transmitting/receiving sections  203  convert the received signals into baseband signals through frequency conversion, and output the baseband signals to the baseband signal processing section  204 . 
     The baseband signal processing section  204  performs, on each input baseband signal, an FFT process, error correction decoding, a retransmission control receiving process, and so on. The DL data is forwarded to the application section  205 . The application section  205  performs processes related to higher layers above the physical layer and the MAC layer, and so on. Broadcast information is also forwarded to the application section  205 . 
     Meanwhile, the uplink (UL) data is input from the application section  205  to the baseband signal processing section  204 . The baseband signal processing section  204  performs a retransmission control transmission process (for example, an HARQ transmission process), channel coding, rate matching, puncturing, a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) process, an IFFT process, and so on, and the result is forwarded to each transmitting/receiving section  203 . On UCI, at least one of channel coding, rate matching, puncturing, a DFT process, and an IFFT process is performed, and the result is transferred to each transmitting/receiving section  203 . 
     The transmitting/receiving sections  203  convert the baseband signals output from the baseband signal processing section  204  to have radio frequency band and transmit the result. The radio frequency signals having been subjected to frequency conversion in the transmitting/receiving sections  203  are amplified in the amplifying sections  202 , and transmitted from the transmitting/receiving antennas  201 . 
     Furthermore, the transmitting/receiving sections  203  receive the downlink (DL) signals (including DL data signals, DL control signals, and DL reference signals) of the numerology configured in the user terminals  20 , and transmit the UL signals (including UL data signals, UL control signals, and UL reference signals) of the numerology. 
     In addition, the transmitting/receiving sections  203  transmit UCI to the radio base station  10  on uplink data channels (for example, PUSCHs) or uplink control channels (for example, short PUCCHs and/or long PUCCHs). 
     Furthermore, the transmitting/receiving sections  203  receive control information (higher layer control information) through higher layer signaling and downlink control information (DCI) through physical layer signaling. Specifically, the transmitting/receiving sections  203  receive frequency resource information (first aspect). Also, the transmitting/receiving sections  203  may receive a plurality of parameter sets (PUCCH resource sets) each including the frequency resource information, through higher layer signaling, and receive downlink control information indicating one of the plurality of parameter sets (second aspect). The transmitting/receiving sections  203  may receive downlink control information including the frequency resource information (third aspect). 
     The transmitting/receiving sections  203  may be transmitters/receivers, transmitting/receiving circuits, or pieces of transmitting/receiving apparatus that can be described based on general understanding of the technical field to which the present invention pertains. In addition, each transmitting/receiving section  203  may be structured as a transmitting/receiving section in one entity, or may be constituted with a transmitting section and a receiving section. 
       FIG. 13  is a diagram to show an example of a functional structure of a user terminal according to the present embodiment. Note that, although  FIG. 13  primarily shows functional blocks that pertain to characteristic parts of the present embodiment, the user terminal  20  includes other functional blocks that are necessary for radio communication as well. As shown in  FIG. 13 , the baseband signal processing section  204  included in the user terminal  20  is provided with a control section  401 , a transmission signal generation section  402 , a mapping section  403 , a received signal processing section  404 , and a measurement section  405 . 
     The control section  401  controls the whole of the user terminal  20 . The control section  401  controls, for example, the generation of UL signals in the transmission signal generation section  402 , the mapping of UL signals in the mapping section  403 , the DL signal receiving processes in the received signal processing section  404 , the measurements in the measurement section  405 , and so on. 
     Furthermore, the control section  401  controls an uplink control channel used for transmission of UCI from the user terminal  20 , based on an explicit command from the radio base station  10  or an implicit determination in the user terminal  20 . 
     Furthermore, the control section  401  may control a structure (format) of an uplink control channel (for example, a long PUCCH and/or a short PUCCH). The control section  401  may control the uplink control channel format, based on the control information from the radio base station  10 . 
     Also, the control section  401  may control transmission of an uplink control channel (for example, a long PUCCH and/or a short PUCCH) in one slot or over a plurality of slots. 
     Specifically, the control section  401  may control frequency hopping of an uplink control channel in each slot, based on information related to frequency resources to which the uplink control channel is to be mapped (frequency resource information) (first aspect). 
     Also, in the case of receiving a plurality of parameter sets each including the frequency resource information through higher layer signaling, the control section  401  may control frequency hopping of an uplink control channel in each slot, based on one of the plurality of parameter sets specified by downlink control information (second aspect). 
     Here, the frequency resource information may include information indicating any of a frequency offset from the previous-hop frequency resource, a frequency offset from a frequency resource configured through higher layer signaling, and a frequency offset from an edge of a frequency band configured for the user terminal. 
     When an uplink control channel is transmitted over a plurality of slots, the control section  401  may control frequency hopping of the uplink control channel in each slot, based on information indicating which one of frequency hopping in each slot (intra-slot frequency hopping) and frequency hopping among the plurality of slots (inter-slot frequency hopping) is employed. 
     Furthermore, the control section  401  may control transmission of an uplink data channel (for example, a PUSCH) in one slot or over a plurality of slots. 
     Specifically, the control section  401  may control frequency hopping of an uplink data channel in each slot, based on information related to frequency resources to which the uplink data channel is to be mapped (frequency resource information) (first aspect). 
     Also, in the case of receiving downlink control information including information related to the frequency resources, the control section  401  may control frequency hopping of the uplink data channel in each slot, based on the downlink control information (third aspect). 
     Here, the frequency resource information may include information indicating any of a frequency offset from the previous-hop frequency resource, a frequency offset from a frequency resource configured through higher layer signaling, and a frequency offset from an edge of a frequency band configured for the user terminal. 
     When an uplink data channel is transmitted over a plurality of slots, the control section  401  may control frequency hopping of the uplink data channel in each slot, based on information indicating which one of frequency hopping in each slot (intra-slot frequency hopping) and frequency hopping among a plurality of slots (inter-slot frequency hopping) is employed. 
     Furthermore, the control section  401  may determine PUCCH resources to be used in a PUCCH format, based on higher layer signaling and/or downlink control information. 
     The control section  401  may control at least one of the transmission signal generation section  402 , the mapping section  403 , and the transmitting/receiving sections  203  to perform a transmission process of UCI, based on the PUCCH format. 
     The control section  401  can be constituted with a controller, a control circuit, or control apparatus that can be described based on general understanding of the technical field to which the present invention pertains. 
     The transmission signal generation section  402  generates (for example, through coding, rate matching, puncturing, modulation, and so on) UL signals (including UL data signals, UL control signals, UL reference signals, and UCI), based on commands from the control section  401  and outputs these signals to the mapping section  403 . The transmission signal generation section  402  may be a signal generator, a signal generation circuit, or signal generation apparatus that can be described based on general understanding of the technical field to which the present invention pertains. 
     The mapping section  403  maps the UL signals generated in the transmission signal generation section  402  to radio resources, based on commands from the control section  401 , and outputs these to the transmitting/receiving sections  203 . The mapping section  403  may be a mapper, a mapping circuit, or mapping apparatus that can be described based on general understanding of the technical field to which the present invention pertains. 
     The received signal processing section  404  performs a receiving process (for example, demapping, demodulation, decoding, and so on) on DL signals (DL data signals, scheduling information, DL control signals, and DL reference signals). The received signal processing section  404  outputs information received from the radio base station  10 , to the control section  401 . The received signal processing section  404  outputs, for example, broadcast information, system information, higher layer control information through higher layer signaling such as RRC signaling, physical layer control information (L1/L2 control information), and so on, to the control section  401 . 
     The received signal processing section  404  can be constituted with a signal processor, a signal processing circuit, or signal processing apparatus that can be described based on general understanding of the technical field to which the present invention pertains. Also, the received signal processing section  404  can constitute a receiving section according to the present invention. 
     The measurement section  405  measures channel states, based on reference signals (for example, CSI-RSs) from the radio base station  10 , and outputs the measurement results to the control section  401 . Note that the channel state measurements may be conducted per CC. 
     The measurement section  405  can be constituted with a signal processor, a signal processing circuit, or signal processing apparatus, and a measurer, a measurement circuit, or measurement apparatus that can be described based on general understanding of the technical field to which the present invention pertains. 
     &lt;Hardware Structure&gt; 
     Note that the block diagrams that have been used to describe the above embodiments show blocks in functional units. These functional blocks (components) may be implemented in arbitrary combinations of hardware and/or software. Also, the method for implementing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized by one piece of apparatus that is physically and/or logically aggregated, or may be realized by directly and/or indirectly connecting two or more physically and/or logically separate pieces of apparatus (via wire and/or wireless, for example) and using these plurality of pieces of apparatus. 
     For example, a radio base station, a user terminal, and so on according to one embodiment of the present invention may function as a computer that executes the processes of the radio communication method of the present invention.  FIG. 14  is a diagram to show an example of a hardware structure of a radio base station and a user terminal according to the present embodiment. Physically, the above-described radio base station  10  and user terminals  20  may each be formed as computer apparatus that includes a processor  1001 , a memory  1002 , a storage  1003 , a communication apparatus  1004 , an input apparatus  1005 , an output apparatus  1006 , a bus  1007 , and so on. 
     Note that, in the following description, the word “apparatus” may be interpreted as “circuit,” “device,” “unit,” and so on. The hardware structure of the radio base station  10  and the user terminals  20  may be designed to include one or more of apparatuses shown in the drawings, or may be designed not to include part of apparatuses. 
     For example, although only one processor  1001  is shown, a plurality of processors may be provided. Furthermore, processes may be implemented with one processor or may be implemented at the same time, in sequence, or in different manners with one or more processors. Note that the processor  1001  may be implemented with one or more chips. 
     Each function of the radio base station  10  and the user terminals  20  is implemented, for example, by allowing certain software (programs) to be read on hardware such as the processor  1001  and the memory  1002 , and by allowing the processor  1001  to perform calculations to control communication via the communication apparatus  1004  and read and/or write data in the memory  1002  and the storage  1003 . 
     The processor  1001  controls the whole computer by, for example, running an operating system. The processor  1001  may be configured with a central processing unit (CPU), which includes interfaces with peripheral apparatus, control apparatus, computing apparatus, a register, and so on. For example, the above-described baseband signal processing section  104  ( 204 ), call processing section  105 , and so on may be implemented by the processor  1001 . 
     Furthermore, the processor  1001  reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, and so on from the storage  1003  and/or the communication apparatus  1004 , into the memory  1002 , and executes various processes according to these. As for the programs, programs to allow computers to execute at least part of the operations of the above-described embodiments are used. For example, the control section  401  of each user terminal  20  may be implemented by control programs that are stored in the memory  1002  and that operate on the processor  1001 , and other functional blocks may be implemented likewise. 
     The memory  1002  is a computer-readable recording medium, and may be constituted with, for example, at least one of a ROM (read only memory), an EPROM (erasable programmable ROM), an EEPROM (electrically EPROM), a RAM (random access memory), and other appropriate storage media. The memory  1002  may be referred to as a “register,” a “cache,” a “main memory (primary storage apparatus),” and so on. The memory  1002  can store executable programs (program codes), software modules, and/or the like for implementing a radio communication method according to one embodiment of the present invention. 
     The storage  1003  is a computer-readable recording medium, and may be constituted with, for example, at least one of a flexible disk, a floppy (registered trademark) disk, a magneto-optical disk (for example, a compact disc (CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM) and so on), a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray (registered trademark) disk), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (for example, a card, a stick, and a key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, and other appropriate storage media. The storage  1003  may be referred to as “secondary storage apparatus.” 
     The communication apparatus  1004  is hardware (transmitting/receiving device) for allowing inter-computer communication via wired and/or wireless networks, and may be referred to as, for example, a “network device,” a “network controller,” a “network card,” a “communication module,” and so on. The communication apparatus  1004  may be configured to include a high frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, and so on in order to realize, for example, frequency division duplex (FDD) and/or time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-described transmitting/receiving antennas  101  ( 201 ), amplifying sections  102  ( 202 ), transmitting/receiving sections  103  ( 203 ), transmission line interface  106 , and so on may be implemented by the communication apparatus  1004 . 
     The input apparatus  1005  is an input device that receives input from the outside (for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, and so on). The output apparatus  1006  is an output device that allows sending output to the outside (for example, a display, a speaker, an LED (Light Emitting Diode) lamp, and so on). Note that the input apparatus  1005  and the output apparatus  1006  may be provided in an integrated structure (for example, a touch panel). 
     Furthermore, these types of apparatus, including the processor  1001 , the memory  1002 , and others, are connected by a bus  1007  for communicating information. The bus  1007  may be formed with a single bus, or may be formed with buses that vary between pieces of apparatus. 
     Also, the radio base station  10  and the user terminals  20  may be structured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit), a PLD (Programmable Logic Device), an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), and so on, and part or all of the functional blocks may be implemented by the hardware. For example, the processor  1001  may be implemented with at least one of these pieces of hardware. 
     (Variations) 
     Note that the terminology used in this specification and/or the terminology that is needed to understand this specification may be replaced by other terms that convey the same or similar meanings. For example, “channels” and/or “symbols” may be replaced by “signals” (“signaling”). Also, “signals” may be “messages.” A reference signal may be abbreviated as an “RS,” and may be referred to as a “pilot,” a “pilot signal”, and so on, depending on which standard applies. Furthermore, a “component carrier (CC)” may be referred to as a “cell,” a “frequency carrier,” a “carrier frequency,” and so on. 
     Furthermore, a radio frame may be constituted of one or a plurality of periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of one or a plurality of periods (frames) constituting a radio frame may be referred to as a “subframe.” Furthermore, a subframe may be constituted of one or a plurality of slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (for example, 1 ms) independent of numerology. 
     Furthermore, a slot may be constituted of one or a plurality of symbols in the time domain (OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbols, SC-FDMA (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access) symbols, and so on). Furthermore, a slot may be a time unit based on numerology. A slot may include a plurality of mini-slots. Each mini-slot may be constituted of one or a plurality of symbols in the time domain. A mini-slot may be referred to as a “sub-slot.” 
     A radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, and a symbol all express time units in signal communication. A radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, and a symbol may each be called by other applicable terms. For example, one subframe may be referred to as a “transmission time interval (TTI),” a plurality of consecutive subframes may be referred to as a “TTI,” or one slot or one mini-slot may be referred to as a “TTI.” That is, a subframe and/or a TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, may be a shorter period than 1 ms (for example, 1 to 13 symbols), or may be a longer period than 1 ms. Note that a unit expressing TTI may be referred to as a “slot,” a “mini-slot,” and so on instead of a “subframe.” 
     Here, a TTI refers to the minimum time unit of scheduling in radio communication, for example. For example, in LTE systems, a radio base station schedules the allocation of radio resources (such as a frequency bandwidth and transmission power that are available for each user terminal) for the user terminal in TTI units. Note that the definition of TTIs is not limited to this. 
     TTIs may be transmission time units for channel-encoded data packets (transport blocks), code blocks, and/or codewords, or may be the unit of processing in scheduling, link adaptation, and so on. Note that, when TTIs are given, the time interval (for example, the number of symbols) to which transport blocks, code blocks and/or codewords are actually mapped may be shorter than the TTIs. 
     Note that, in the case where one slot or one mini-slot is referred to as a TTI, one or more TTIs (that is, one or more slots or one or more mini-slots) may be the minimum time unit of scheduling. Furthermore, the number of slots (the number of mini-slots) constituting the minimum time unit of the scheduling may be controlled. 
     A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be referred to as a “normal TTI” (TTI in LTE Rel. 8 to Rel. 12), a “long TTI,” a “normal subframe,” a “long subframe,” and so on. A TTI that is shorter than a normal TTI may be referred to as a “shortened TTI,” a “short TTI,” a “partial or fractional TTI,” a “shortened subframe,” a “short subframe,” a “mini-slot,” a “sub-slot,” and so on. 
     Note that a long TTI (for example, a normal TTI, a subframe, and so on) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length exceeding 1 ms, and a short TTI (for example, a shortened TTI and so on) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and equal to or longer than 1 ms. 
     A resource block (RB) is the unit of resource allocation in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or a plurality of consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. Also, an RB may include one or a plurality of symbols in the time domain, and may be one slot, one mini-slot, one subframe, or one TTI in length. One TTI and one subframe each may be constituted of one or a plurality of resource blocks. Note that one or a plurality of RBs may be referred to as a “physical resource block (PRB (Physical RB)),” a “sub-carrier group (SCG),” a “resource element group (REG),” a “PRB pair,” an “RB pair,” and so on. 
     Furthermore, a resource block may be constituted of one or a plurality of resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may correspond to a radio resource field of one subcarrier and one symbol. 
     Note that the above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, mini-slots, symbols, and so on are merely examples. For example, structures such as the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of mini-slots included in a slot, the numbers of symbols and RBs included in a slot or a mini-slot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, and so on can be variously changed. 
     Also, the information, parameters, and so on described in this specification may be represented in absolute values or in relative values with respect to certain values, or may be represented in another corresponding information. For example, radio resources may be specified by certain indices. 
     The names used for parameters and so on in this specification are in no respect limiting. For example, since various channels (PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel), PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel), and so on) and information elements can be identified by any suitable names, the various names assigned to these individual channels and information elements are in no respect limiting. 
     The information, signals, and/or others described in this specification may be represented by using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, and so on, all of which may be referenced throughout the herein-contained description, may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination of these. 
     Also, information, signals, and so on can be output from higher layers to lower layers and/or from lower layers to higher layers. Information, signals, and so on may be input and/or output via a plurality of network nodes. 
     The information, signals, and so on that are input and/or output may be stored in a specific location (for example, a memory) or may be managed by using a management table. The information, signals, and so on to be input and/or output can be overwritten, updated, or appended. The information, signals, and so on that are output may be deleted. The information, signals, and so on that are input may be transmitted to another apparatus. 
     Reporting of information is by no means limited to the aspects/embodiments described in this specification, and other methods may be used as well. For example, reporting of information may be implemented by using physical layer signaling (for example, downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), higher layer signaling (for example, RRC (Radio Resource Control) signaling, broadcast information (master information block (MIB), system information blocks (SIBs), and so on), MAC (Medium Access Control) signaling and so on), and other signals and/or combinations of these. 
     Note that physical layer signaling may be referred to as “L1/L2 (Layer 1/Layer 2) control information (L1/L2 control signals),” “L1 control information (L1 control signal),” and so on. Also, RRC signaling may be referred to as an “RRC message,” and can be, for example, an RRC connection setup (RRCConnectionSetup) message, an RRC connection reconfiguration (RRCConnectionReconfiguration) message, and so on. Also, MAC signaling may be reported using, for example, MAC control elements (MAC CEs). 
     Also, reporting of certain information (for example, reporting of “X holds”) does not necessarily have to be reported explicitly, and can be reported implicitly (by, for example, not reporting this certain information or reporting another piece of information). 
     Determinations may be made in values represented by one bit (0 or 1), may be made in Boolean values that represent true or false, or may be made by comparing numerical values (for example, comparison against a certain value). 
     Software, whether referred to as “software,” “firmware,” “middleware,” “microcode,” or “hardware description language,” or called by other names, should be interpreted broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program codes, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, and so on. 
     Also, software, commands, information, and so on may be transmitted and received via communication media. For example, when software is transmitted from a website, a server, or other remote sources by using wired technologies (coaxial cables, optical fiber cables, twisted-pair cables, digital subscriber lines (DSL), and so on) and/or wireless technologies (infrared radiation, microwaves, and so on), these wired technologies and/or wireless technologies are also included in the definition of communication media. 
     The terms “system” and “network” as used herein may be used interchangeably. 
     In the present specification, the terms “base station (BS),” “radio base station,” “eNB,” “gNB,” “cell,” “sector,” “cell group,” “carrier,” and “component carrier” may be used interchangeably. A base station may be referred to as a “fixed station,” “NodeB,” “eNodeB (eNB),” “access point,” “transmission point,” “receiving point,” “transmission reception point,” “femto cell,” “small cell,” and so on. 
     A base station can accommodate one or a plurality of (for example, three) cells (also referred to as “sectors”). When a base station accommodates a plurality of cells, the entire coverage area of the base station can be partitioned into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can provide communication services through base station subsystems (for example, indoor small base stations (RRHs (Remote Radio Heads)). The term “cell” or “sector” refers to part of or the entire coverage area of a base station and/or a base station subsystem that provides communication services within this coverage. 
     In the present specification, the terms “mobile station (MS),” “user terminal,” “user equipment (UE),” and “terminal” may be used interchangeably. 
     A mobile station may be referred to as a “subscriber station,” “mobile unit,” “subscriber unit,” “wireless unit,” “remote unit,” “mobile device,” “wireless device,” “wireless communication device,” “remote device,” “mobile subscriber station,” “access terminal,” “mobile terminal,” “wireless terminal,” “remote terminal,” “handset,” “user agent,” “mobile client,” “client,” or some other appropriate terms in some cases. 
     A base station and/or mobile station may be also referred to as “transmission apparatus,” “reception apparatus,” and so on. 
     Furthermore, the radio base stations in this specification may be interpreted as user terminals. For example, each aspect/embodiment of the present invention may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a radio base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication among a plurality of user terminals (D2D (Device-to-Device)). In this case, the user terminals  20  may have the functions of the radio base stations  10  described above. In addition, wording such as “uplink” and “downlink” may be interpreted as “side.” For example, an uplink channel may be interpreted as a side channel. 
     Likewise, the user terminals in this specification may be interpreted as radio base stations. In this case, the radio base stations  10  may have the functions of the user terminals  20  described above. 
     Actions which have been described in this specification to be performed by a base station may, in some cases, be performed by upper nodes. In a network including one or a plurality of network nodes with base stations, it is clear that various operations that are performed to communicate with terminals can be performed by base stations, one or more network nodes (for example, MMEs (Mobility Management Entities), S-GW (Serving-Gateways), and so on may be possible, but these are not limiting) other than base stations, or combinations of these. 
     The aspects/embodiments illustrated in this specification may be used individually or in combinations, which may be switched depending on the mode of implementation. The order of processes, sequences, flowcharts, and so on that have been used to describe the aspects/embodiments herein may be re-ordered as long as inconsistencies do not arise. For example, although various methods have been illustrated in this specification with various components of steps in exemplary orders, the specific orders that are illustrated herein are by no means limiting. 
     The aspects/embodiments illustrated in this specification may be applied to LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), LTE-B (LTE-Beyond), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4G (4th generation mobile communication system), 5G (5th generation mobile communication system), FRA (Future Radio Access), New-RAT (Radio Access Technology), NR (New Radio), NX (New radio access), FX (Future generation radio access), GSM (registered trademark) (Global System for Mobile communications), CDMA 2000, UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, UWB (Ultra-WideBand), Bluetooth (registered trademark), systems that use other adequate radio communication methods and/or next-generation systems that are enhanced based on these. 
     The phrase “based on” (or “on the basis of”) as used in this specification does not mean “based only on” (or “only on the basis of”), unless otherwise specified. In other words, the phrase “based on” (or “on the basis of”) means both “based only on” and “based at least on” (“only on the basis of” and “at least on the basis of”). 
     Reference to elements with designations such as “first,” “second,” and so on as used herein does not generally limit the quantity or order of these elements. These designations may be used herein only for convenience, as a method for distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, reference to the first and second elements does not imply that only two elements may be employed, or that the first element must precede the second element in some way. 
     The term “judging (determining)” as used herein may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, “judging (determining)” may be interpreted to mean making “judgments (determinations)” about calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (for example, searching a table, a database, or some other data structures), ascertaining, and so on. Furthermore, “judging (determining)” may be interpreted to mean making “judgments (determinations)” about receiving (for example, receiving information), transmitting (for example, transmitting information), input, output, accessing (for example, accessing data in a memory), and so on. In addition, “judging (determining)” as used herein may be interpreted to mean making “judgments (determinations)” about resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, and so on. In other words, “judging (determining)” may be interpreted to mean making “judgments (determinations)” about some action. 
     The terms “connected” and “coupled,” or any variation of these terms as used herein mean all direct or indirect connections or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are “connected” or “coupled” to each other. The coupling or connection between the elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connection” may be interpreted as “access.” 
     In this specification, when two elements are connected, the two elements may be considered “connected” or “coupled” to each other by using one or more electrical wires, cables and/or printed electrical connections, and, as some non-limiting and non-inclusive examples, by using electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in radio frequency regions, microwave regions, (both visible and invisible) optical regions, or the like. 
     In this specification, the phrase “A and B are different” may mean that “A and B are different from each other.” The terms “separate,” “be coupled,” and so on may be interpreted similarly. 
     When terms such as “including,” “comprising,” and variations of these are used in this specification or in claims, these terms are intended to be inclusive, in a manner similar to the way the term “provide” is used. Furthermore, the term “or” as used in this specification or in claims is intended to be not an exclusive disjunction. 
     Now, although the present invention has been described in detail above, it should be obvious to a person skilled in the art that the present invention is by no means limited to the embodiments described herein. The present invention can be implemented with various corrections and in various modifications, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention defined by the recitations of claims. Consequently, the description herein is provided only for the purpose of explaining examples, and should by no means be construed to limit the present invention in any way.