Patent Publication Number: US-2023142752-A1

Title: Clearing rod

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     None. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     I. Field of the Invention. 
     The present disclosure relates generally to dislodging obstructions from a toilet bowl and other similar plumbing fixtures and drains, and more specifically to a device for removing toilet paper, waste, debris, sanitary napkins and other clogging materials from a toilet flush passageway in a toilet bowl. 
     II. Description of the Prior Art. 
     Encountering a clogged toilet drain wherein an impediment blocks the toilet drain such that the water of the toilet bowl does not drain properly is unfortunately a common experience. Under such circumstances, a person typically reaches for a plunger to attempt to unclog the toilet drain. The most widely used plunger is a standard design having two components: a distal bottom of a generally vertical, wooden shaft attached to a crest of a plunger portion. A typical plunger portion is comprised of an inverted rubber cup with a flat rim or flange that hopefully seals over the mouth of a drain or pipe. A push of the shaft towards the mouth causes the cup to depress, which forces air and/or water therein towards the blockage. An effective plunge is accordingly dependent on both the vacuum formed by the seal and the degree of force used on the shaft. 
     There are many disadvantages associated with using a conventional plunger. The principal disadvantage is the typically inadequate ability to create a vacuum within the toilet drain whereby a pumping action with the plunger is used to create a suction. The impediment in the toilet drain is pushed and pulled via this alternating pressure and suction action until it is loosened and eventually flushed away. In many cases, a good seal cannot be formed and therefore pumping pressure is not optimized. Without optimized pressure, the plunger creates more splashing, and the impediment may not be removed in a timely manner, especially if it is of bulky size or dense nature. 
     Another disadvantage associated with using a plunger is that the plunger typically becomes soiled from being used in a clogged toilet. Furthermore, during use, contaminated water may be sprayed or spilled during the unclogging process, along with the contaminated water dripping off of the plunger following use thereof. 
     While plungers may be used for most clogs, their disadvantages, and the fact that they are not effective for all clogs, has led to prior art disclosures of a variety of snake-like devices, alternative suction-like plungers, brushes and other apparatus’. Additionally, for more serious clogs, harsh chemicals may be used. The common household user, however, tends to avoid the use of harmful and toxic chemicals whenever possible. 
     Perhaps the most effective way to clear a serious clog is through the use of a plumbing snake and/or a drain auger. However, such devices are typically only employed by plumbing professionals. As such, the common household user is at the disadvantage of needing to contact, schedule, and then pay for the services of a professional plumber. It would be desirable to provide the effectiveness of a professional plumber service call to the common household through the use of a new device. Therefore, there exists a need for a new and improved device for removing clogging materials from a toilet drain passageway. 
     Accordingly, it is a general object of this disclosure to provide a cost effective and easy to use device for dislodging clogs from a toilet drain. 
     It is another general object of the present disclosure to provide an apparatus for unclogging a toilet drain that can be utilized by any common household user. 
     It is a more specific object of the present disclosure to provide an apparatus for unclogging a toilet drain that can break up the impediment making it easier to traverse the passageway of a toilet bowl drain. 
     It is another general object of the present disclosure to provide a device for dislodging clogs from a toilet drain that is more sanitary than current means and methods. 
     It is a more specific object of the present disclosure to provide a disposable device for dislodging clogs from a toilet drain. 
     These and other objects, features and advantages of this disclosure will be clearly understood through a consideration of the following detailed description. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a device for removing clearing materials from a passageway including a rod with a user engageable end and a tip end. The degree of rod flexibility increases from the user engageable end to the tip end. 
     There is also provided a device for dislodging obstructions from a passageway including a rod with a user engageable end and a tip end. The rod having two sides with a cooperating livable hinge coupling the sides relative to one another at an angle. 
     There is also provided a device for dislodging obstructions from a passageway including a rod with a user engageable end and a tip end. The rod having a geometrical cross-sectional profile that thickens from the tip end to the use engageable end. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The present disclosure will be more fully understood by reference to the following detailed description of one or more preferred embodiments when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters refer to like parts throughout the views and in which: 
         FIG.  1 A  is a rear perspective view of a toilet rod assembly according to the principles of an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  1 B  is a frontal perspective view of the assembly of  FIG.  1 A . 
         FIG.  2    is a side view of the assembly of  FIG.  1 A  . 
         FIG.  3    is a top plan view of the assembly of  FIG.  1 A . 
         FIG.  4    is a cross-sectional side view taken along lines  4 - 4  of  FIG.  3   . 
         FIG.  5 A  is a cross-sectional view taken along lines  5 A- 5 A of  FIG.  3   . 
         FIG.  5 B  is a cross-sectional view taken along lines  5 B- 5 B of  FIG.  3   . 
         FIG.  6    is a rear perspective view of a molded rod of  FIG.  1 A . 
         FIG.  7    is a side view of the rod of  FIG.  6   . 
         FIG.  8    is a top plan view of the rod of  FIG.  6   . 
         FIG.  9 A  is a schematic environmental side view in section illustrating a toilet rod assembly according to the principles of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  9 B  is a schematic environmental side view in section illustrating the toilet rod assembly of  FIG.  9 A  engaging a toilet drain blockage. 
         FIG.  9 C  is a schematic environmental side view in section illustrating the toilet rod assembly of  FIG.  9 A  clearing the toilet drain blockage. 
         FIG.  9 D  is a schematic environmental side view in section illustrating an alternate toilet rod assembly according to the principles of the present disclosure engaging a toilet drain blockage. 
         FIG.  9 E  is a schematic environmental side view in section illustrating the toilet rod assembly of  FIG.  9 D  working the drain. 
         FIG.  9 F  is a schematic environmental side view in section illustrating the toilet rod assembly of  FIG.  9 D  clearing the toilet drain blockage. 
         FIG.  10    is an exploded rear perspective view of a toilet rod assembly according to the principles of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  11    is a top plan view of the flex section of the rod of  FIG.  6   . 
         FIG.  12 A  is a cross-sectional side view taken along lines  12 A- 12 A of  FIG.  11   . 
         FIG.  12 B  is a cross-sectional side view taken along lines  12 B- 12 B of  FIG.  11   . 
         FIG.  13 A  is a top plan view of the flex section of  FIG.  11   . 
         FIG.  13 B  is a cross-sectional side view taken along lines  13 B- 13 B of  FIG.  13 A . 
         FIG.  14 A  is a top plan view of the flex section of  FIG.  11    as the body is flexed inward. 
         FIG.  14 B  is a cross-sectional side view taken along lines  14 B- 14 B of  FIG.  14 A . 
         FIG.  15 A  is a top plan view of the flex section of  FIG.  11    as the body and flares are flexed inward. 
         FIG.  15 B  is a cross-sectional side view taken along lines  15 B- 15 B of  FIG.  15 A . 
         FIG.  16    is a frontal perspective view of an example of a stiff shaped rod for use with the rod assembly according to the principles of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  17    is a frontal perspective view of an example of a flexible shaped rod for use with the rod assembly according to the principles of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  18    is a cross-sectional view of an example of a living hinge rod for use with the rod assembly according to the principles of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  19    is a frontal perspective view of a transitioning shaped rod for use with the rod assembly according to the principles of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  20 A  is a cross-sectional side view taken along lines 20A-20A of  FIG.  19   . 
         FIG.  20 B  is a cross-sectional side view taken along lines 20B-20B of  FIG.  19   . 
         FIG.  20 C  is a cross-sectional side view taken along lines 20C-20C of  FIG.  19   . 
         FIG.  21 A  illustrates cross-sectional views of numerous alternate embodiments of the rod corner profiles of the present disclosure in original shape. 
         FIG.  21 B  illustrates views of the corner profiles of  FIG.  21 A  in flattened shape. 
         FIG.  22    is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an alternate rod corner tapered profile of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  23    is a perspective view of an alternate flat wing rod embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  24    is a perspective view of an alternate curved wing rod embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  25    is a perspective view of an alternate double curved wings rod embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  26    is a perspective view of an elastomer filled rod embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  27    is a perspective view of a hollow tube rod embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  28 A  is a perspective view of an alternate rod embodiment of the toilet rod assembly according to the principles of the present invention. 
         FIG.  28 B  is a perspective view of the assembly of  FIG.  28 A  in the folded for use state. 
         FIG.  29    is a perspective view of an alternate embodiment of the toilet rod assembly according to the principles of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  30    is a side view of an alternate embodiment of the toilet rod assembly according to the principles of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  31    is a perspective view of a transverse perforated hinge embodiment of the toilet rod assembly according to the principles of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  32 A  is a perspective view of a crush box embodiment of the toilet rod assembly according to the principles of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  32 B  is a top plan view of the toilet rod assembly of  FIG.  32 A . 
         FIG.  32 C  is a cross-sectional view of the toilet rod assembly taken along lines 32C-32C of  FIG.  32 B . 
         FIG.  32 D  is a bend illustration of the toilet rod assembly of  FIG.  32 C . 
         FIG.  33    is a perspective view of a bend limiting design on a flexible blade. 
         FIG.  34    is a perspective view of an alternate stiff butt section rod embodiment of the toilet rod assembly according to the principles of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  35    is a perspective view of an alternate flattening limiter embodiment of the toilet rod assembly according to the principles of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  36    is a frontal perspective view of a toilet rod assembly in an open position according to the principles of an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  37 A  is a top plan view of an alternate embodiment of the toilet rod assembly in a closed position according to the principles of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  37 B  is a cross-sectional view of the assembly taken along lines  37 B- 37 B of  FIG.  37 A . 
         FIG.  37 C  is the assembly of  FIG.  37 B  with the valve in a closed position. 
         FIG.  38 A  is a top plan view of an alternate embodiment of the toilet rod assembly according to the principles of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  38 B  is cross-sectional side view taken along lines 38B-38B of  FIG.  38 A . 
         FIG.  38 C  is the assembly of  FIG.  38 B  with the valve closed by backflow. 
         FIG.  39 A  is a perspective view of an alternate expander-based rod embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  39 B  is a side view of the rod of  FIG.  39 A . 
         FIG.  39 C  is a top plan view of the rod of  FIG.  39 A . 
         FIG.  39 D  is a side view of the rod of  FIG.  39 A  in an expanded state. 
         FIG.  40 A  is a top plan view of an alternate expander rod embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  40 B  is a side view of the rod of  FIG.  40 A  in the expanded state. 
         FIG.  40 C  is a perspective view of the expander enclosed within a cage like protector. 
         FIG.  40 D  is a perspective view of an alternate overlapping leaf type expander rod embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  41 A  is a perspective view of a stacked array tip embodiment of the toilet rod assembly according to the principles of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  41 B is a side view of the tip of  FIG.  41 A . 
         FIG.  41 C  is a side view of an alternate embodiment of the tip of  FIG.  41 A . 
         FIG.  41 D  is a side view of the stacked array with disks spaced apart for illustration purposes. 
         FIG.  41 E  is a perspective view of a partially exploded array of variable sized disks. 
         FIG.  41 F  is a frontal view of the tip of  FIG.  41 A . 
         FIG.  42 A  is a perspective view of a disk cone array tip embodiment of the toilet rod assembly according to the principles of the present invention. 
         FIG.  42 B  is a partially exploded view of the assembly of  FIG.  42 A . 
         FIG.  42 C  is a perspective view of a fastening embodiment of the assembly of  FIG.  42 A . 
         FIG.  43    is an exploded perspective view of an alternate embodiment of the toilet rod assembly according to the principles of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  44    is an enlarged view of decoupled handle and rod portion of an alternate embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  45 A  is a side view illustration of a sanitary sleeve incorporated within the principles of a rod assembly of the present disclosure prior to use. 
         FIG.  45 B  is a side view of the sleeve of  FIG.  45 A  during use. 
         FIG.  45 C  is a side view of the sleeve of  FIG.  45 A  after use. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Multiple embodiments of the subject disclosure will now be described with the aid of numerous drawings. Unless otherwise indicated, use of the term “rod” will be understood to include a blade, rod, snake, as well as other devices for insertion into a drain, and in particular a toilet drain. Similarly, the use of the term “tip” will be understood to include a front end, engagement end and head end of the rod. Furthermore, the use of the term “handle” will be understood to include, but not be limited to, a grippable section of the rod or hand grips and the like for use with the rod. 
     In any event, turning now to the figures, and in particular  FIGS.  1 A and  1 B , a preferred embodiment of the toilet rod assembly  10  includes a blade portion  12 , a back end  14  and a front end  16  with a tip  18 . The back end  14  is preferably for user engagement and may accordingly include a handle  20 . The front end  16 , and in particular the tip  18 , is for drain blockage engagement and may include a drain wall engaging member, preferably one or more flexible disks,  22 . The blade portion  12  preferably includes a living hinge comprising a right wing  24 , a left wing  26  and a middle hinge  28 . This living hinge allows the main wings of the blade to move with respect to one another. Movements of the wings are a result of the toilet rod traversing a bend in the toilet drain passageway. In such a condition, the surfaces of the toilet drain exert a force on the corners of the rod profile and accordingly transform the local shape of the rod from the stiff angular shape to a flatter, more flexible shape. When the rod is removed from the drain and the flattening forces are removed, the living hinge will spring back to its original angular shape. 
       FIGS.  2 - 5 B  illustrate the toilet rod assembly  10  in additional views to better detail the embodiment. The rod includes a living hinge area  30  which allows the rod to flatten so it can bend more easily when it encounters turns in the toilet trap (for example) yet straighten to a stiffer non-flat geometry that allows the transmission of higher pushing forces that can create higher pressures for dislodging clogs. The front end  16  includes flexible disks  22  and spacers  32  to separate the disks  22 . These non-rigid disks  22  can deform to conform to trap/drain geometry so that the rod can work in a variety of applications. The water pressure acting on the disks can deform them into contact with the trap/drain walls to create a better seal and build higher pressures for dislodging clogs. 
       FIGS.  6 - 8    illustrate the toilet rod assembly  10  without any wall engaging member near the front end  16  so as to better detail the rod, and in particular the blade  12  portion thereof. The living hinge geometry of this embodiment allows a rod that would normally be stiff against bending to now bend easily in reaction to bends in a toilet trap. This living hinge geometry is contained in the flex section  34  of the rod. The front section  16  holds the disks, backup disks and spacers (for example). An ergonomic handle  20  on the back-end section  14  provides the user interface. Finally, a transition section  36  connects the back-end section  14  to the flex section  34 . 
       FIGS.  9 A- 9 C  are illustrative of the toilet rod assembly in use to clear an obstruction in a toilet drain. In particular, a conventional toilet fixture  38  is shown having an obstruction  40  lodged in the toilet trap  42 , where most obstructions occur. This obstruction clogs the fixture and prevents the toilet from flushing through the drain  44 . In order to clear the obstruction, the user grabs the optional handle  20  of the toilet rod assembly and pushes the tip end  18  of the blade  12  through the back end  46  of the bowl  48  of the toilet. The flexible end of the blade flexes with the bends of the trap  42  until it encounters the obstruction  40  ( FIG.  9 B ). At this point, the tip either breaks or dislodges the obstruction or pushes it through the trap  42  and to the drain  44 . The tip can also break through or deform the clog without dislodging the clog. This would allow some water to start to flow and may result in the dislodging of the clog after the rod is withdrawn from its first or later stroke. If the obstruction  40  is initially broken up or otherwise dislodged, the toilet flushes, the drain clears and the user removes the blade from the bowl  48 . If the obstruction  40  is not initially cleared, the user withdraws the blade at least partially from the trap section and continues to push the blade  12  through the bends of the toilet until the obstruction  40  is broken up, dislodged or pushed through the drain  44  ( FIG.  9 C ), at which point the user removes the blade from the bowl  48 . However long the blade needs to traverse the bends, it remains stiff but flexible enough to do so via this living hinge type embodiment. It is the action enhanced by the change from the flexibility near the tip that allows the blade to traverse bends easily to a stiffer section in the middle and a firm handle section to prevent the blade from buckling under the force that produces the desired results. It is the ability for a specific section of the rod, anywhere along the length of the rod, to transform from a stiff section to a flexible section as required. In other words, sections of the rod that are not bending are stiff enough to prevent buckling under high pushing forces while sections that need to bend are flattened into a more flexible shape. As noted and shown, the degree of rod flexibility increases from the user engageable end to the tip end of the rod. In any event, when it is removed, the blade returns to its original shape. 
     It should be appreciated that the front end of the blade in  FIGS.  9 A- 9 C  do not include any wall engaging members. Indeed, rod design may be utilized without such members. However, depending upon the particular embodiment, there may be advantages to the use of same. Wall engaging members help build pressure upon entering the trap passage that may dislodge clogs. By building this pressure, the rod may not even need to actually contact the clog to dislodge, as shown in  FIGS.  9 D- 9 F . 
     A contemplated trumpet shaped rod flex section creates the smooth fairing effect when pulling the rod out of the trap. This smooth overall shape allows reduced stiffness in the transition area. This results in a generally smoother in and out stroking of the rod and a cleaner fairing area to keep disks from snagging on trap features. The simple geometry of the trumpet shaped flare transition rod also creates a much simpler parting line in the plastic part that can be molded in a much simpler injection mold reducing mold costs and future mold maintenance costs, 
     Turning now to the assembly and exploded view of  FIG.  10   , the toilet rod assembly of a preferred embodiment is detailed. This embodiment allows disks  22 , backup disks  50  and spacers  32  to be assembled by pushing them onto the rod from the back end  14  and past the flared area  52  of the front end  16 . This may be better shown in the top view of  FIG.  11    and the cross-sectional views of the flare ( FIG.  12 A ) and the wings ( FIG.  12 B ). The wall engaging members will be positioned between the flares  52  and a flange  54  on the front end  16 . These disks may be of a simple fabric, sponge or textile material, or the like so long as they are soft enough to give good adaptability to different sized traps and provide the sealing action that allows the rod to build pressure and clear clogs. This design allows the disks and spacers to assemble over the deformable rod and become trapped in position by the rod features alone without added components and/or fasteners. 
     Numerous more complex versions of this rod assembly design can be created using added components and fasteners. Additionally, rather than having multiple pieces (deformable disk, backing disk, spacer, etc.) push assembled  56  onto the rod, a one-piece disk cartridge may be used. Molding in one-piece simplifies assembly and procurement as compared to the numerous disks, spacers and backing disks of  FIG.  10   . One such disk array can be made from any flexible and deformable material such as foam or the like. 
     With disk-based wall engaging rod tips it may be desirable to load disk and spacer components from the handle side of the rod in order to maintain a one piece rod (see  FIG.  10   ). The benefit of the one-piece rod is that the danger of inadvertent disassembly of a multi piece rod during usage is eliminated. The back side loadable feature is achieved in part by the flexibility of the living hinge which, in addition to allowing the rod to flatten in an outward direction, will allow the rod to fold inward tighter when an object with a central hole, such as a disk or spacer, is passed over the rod from the handle end. This living hinge action works in the central body of the flex section; however it is generally desirable for the flex section to flare out near the area of the flex section to tip transition. If this flared out section retains the thick wing geometry of the main body of the flex section it cannot fold inward enough to allow the disks and/or spacers to pass over completely. By thinning the corners of the flared out area significantly disks and/or spacers can pass over the flared out area by folding the thinned out sections of the flares inward and move to the desired location on the tip. Once the disks and/or spacers pass over the flared section the living hinge and the thinned-out flare material rebound to their original shape trapping the disks and the spacers in the correct location on the tip. 
     The back end loadable front-end pieces assembly may be better understood via partial views of the flex section  34  of the rod, and in particular  FIGS.  13 A- 15 B .  FIGS.  13 A and  13 B  illustrate the flex section  34  as molded.  FIGS.  14 A and  14 B  illustrate the body flexed at the living hinge.  FIGS.  15 A and  15 B  illustrate the body and the deformable and perhaps thinned flares  52  flexed inward. Accordingly, when in the folded position, the reduction in size allows the front-end tip components to be loaded over the handle end of the rod. Then, when released, the deformable flare expands out to the original unfolded wide position trapping the tip components on the front end  16 . 
     Most workable rod concepts will require a tip section on one end of the living hinge and a handle section on the other end of the living hinge. Once any living hinge-based flex section is attached to a more or less rigid handle or a tip then the living hinge and the attached wings become immobilized at the point of attachment and do not regain full living hinge functionality until some distance away from the point of attachment. In actuality, the wing material is being twisted or undergoing torsion near the area of attachment and the living hinge material contributes very little to the rod function in this area. As a result, the living hinge can be eliminated or significantly reduced in this area. This concept can be built upon to intentionally create torsion beams near the points of attachment. These torsion beams can be used to tune the stiffness of twisting and the degree of longitudinal bending stiffness in the local area. As before, such degree of rod flexibility increases from handle to tip end. This torsion tip geometry is used to eliminate stiff points along the rod as it is bent longitudinally and create a smoother bending rod and eliminate the rod sticking at certain points as it is cycled in and out of the trap. 
     Turning back to the unique properties of the blade. It will be understood that it is the ability of the blade to remain stiff enough to dislodge a clog while being flexible enough to traverse a trapway to encounter the clog. An ideal toilet rod would therefore be stiff enough to exert a high pushing force on the clog, as illustrated by the stiff shape of  FIG.  16   , and flexible enough to get around the corners in a drain pipe, as illustrated by the flexible shape of  FIG.  17   . Accordingly, one feature of the present disclosure seeks to combine the properties of  FIGS.  16  and  17    into one blade by incorporating a living hinge into the stiff shape so that it can deform into something closer to the flexible shape when it encounters a corner in a drain pipe. 
     This so-called living hinge feature, as shown in the cross-sectional view of the blade of  FIG.  18   , allows the right wing  24  and the left wing  26  of the rod to move with respect to each other. Movement  58  is the result of the toilet rod attempting to traverse a corner in the toilet. In this condition the toilet drain pipe surfaces exert a force  60  on the corners of the toilet rod profile. This force transforms the local shape of the toilet rod from the stiff angular shape to a flatter, more flexible shape, through the living hinge. Once the rod is removed from the trapway, and more specifically when these flattening forces are removed, the living hinge will spring back to the initial shape. 
       FIG.  19    depicts a practical working implementation embodiment of the blade  12  portion of the toilet rod assembly. This blade  12  has a flat angle at the engaging front-end  16  to start around corners easily and then quickly transitions to a stiffer more acute angle at the handle back end  14  with a significant portion of the rod length being at a stiff angle. The cross-sectional views of  FIGS.  20 A- 20 C  are better illustrative of the transition of the shape of the blade portion  12 . In particular,  FIG.  20 C  shows a stiff angle  62  of approximately 90 degrees between the right wing  24  and the left wing  26  of the blade near the handle end  14 . This stiff angle  62  preferably comprises most of the length of the blade until it transitions into intermediate angles, for example the approximate 120 degree intermediate angle  64  as shown in  FIG.  20 B . Finally, intermediate angles culminate at the flatter angle  66 , approximately 145 degrees, as shown in  FIG.  20 A  near the tip of the blade. Accordingly, the toilet rod is stiff enough to exert a high pushing force on clogs via the stiff shape of stiff angle  62 , and flexible enough to traverse around bends and angles of the toilet drain passageway via the flexible shape of flatter angle  66 , with gradual transitioning angles, including intermediate angle  64  there between. 
     The living hinge  28  enables the blade  12  to combine both the stiff properties of the stiff angle  62  with the flexible properties of the flexible angle  66  into one blade. The flatter angle at the blade tip allows the blade to start around corners of the toilet drain easily, and the quick transition to a more stiff shape allows the pushing force necessary to remove clogs. It is the unique ability of the blade to have a bend occur in a localized area of the rod as needed by the side load presented by the user while the rest of the rod stays firm. This localized flexible area travels along the rod in response to the top and bottom of the rod contacting the surfaces of the bends in the toilet trap as it is pushed deeper into the toilet drain. When pulled back out of the drain the blade returns to its original form. 
     This living hinge could also be in the form of a mechanical hinge design that would achieve the same effect as a one-piece living hinge design. For example, a snap in feature or a traditional hinge pin could be used. It is envisioned that the spring effect could be achieved via plastic tabs that would get deflected as the hinge gets pushed towards a flat shape. However, traditional torsion springs, curved springs or flat springs could also be utilized. 
     As shown and described, the so-called living hinge need not be a physical hinge. Indeed, the same result can be achieved through a profile change. The discussed alternate blade embodiments have noted such profile changes, but additional profiles could also achieve the desired results. For example, the living hinge action may be achieved through a gradual thickening of the profile. Alternatively, the living hinge may comprise the majority of the body of the blade. Furthermore, the living hinge profile may simply blend into a thicker edge. Additionally, the angles between the wings are not critical to the function. Rather it is the ability of the rod to transform from a stiff angle to a more flexible flatter angle when required. In particular, it is the blade&#39;s unique ability to have a bend occur in a localized area of the rod as needed by the side load presented by the user causing the blade to locally transform into a more flexible flatter angle shape while the rest of the rod remains in the stiffer narrower angle shape required to exert higher pushing forces. In use, flattening can occur anywhere along the length of the profile as a result of opposing forces being applied to the top and bottom of the profile when the rod encounters bends in the toilet trap and makes physical contact with these bends. The prebend areas and the profile itself will rebound to the original molded profile when the opposing forces are removed as a result of local areas of the rod losing contact with the toilet trap bends. 
     It will be understood that the main crux of the disclosure remains that the rod flattens and therefore becomes less resistant to bending in response to contacting bends in the toilet trap. The flattened sections bend around corners more easily due to a reduced section thickness. In the living hinge concepts, the reduction is accomplished by bending the wings around a flexible central hinge. Alternatively, and as shown in  FIG.  16   , a stiffer corner profile concept wherein the reduction in thickness is achieved by deforming the long thin members that connect the stiff corner geometry is shown. In particular,  FIGS.  21 A and  21 B  illustrates numerous rod profiles in cross section both in original shape ( FIG.  21 A ) and in a corresponding flattened shape ( FIG.  21 B ). These profiles utilize an alternative method of achieving the flattening and resulting section depth reduction that allows the rod to transform from a stiff shape to a more flexible flatter shape that can progress around the bends in a toilet trap easier. Flattening can therefore occur anywhere along the length of the profile as a result of opposing forces being applied to the top and/or bottom of the profile. The profile will then rebound to the original (as molded) profile when the opposing forces are removed so long as the material used has enough restitution and the stresses in the deformed state are below the short term yield point of the material. The use end or tip of the rod is preferably molded closer to the fully flattened shape to allow the tip to start around any bends easier. 
     An alternate embodiment of the blade is illustrated by  FIG.  22   . This alternate blade  12 , shown as an exemplar of the original shape version of  FIG.  21   , as before, includes a right side  24  and a left side  26 . However, rather than having a middle hinge portion ( FIG.  21   ), this blade has a top portion  68  and incorporates a gradual overall flattening from handle end to tip end. As such, the flatter blade tip portion allows the blade to start around corners of the drain more easily, and then the quick transition to the more stiff profile shape allows the necessary pushing force. Although, as before, the blade flexibility may increase from handle to tip, it is the localized flexibility of the blade in response to it contacting the surfaces of the bends in the pipe that provide the unique ability to be flexible yet firm. 
     Geometries that will allow a rod to function in a similar manner are possible without the need for a living hinge element. Examples of such will be shown and described with respect to  FIGS.  23 - 26  and  28 - 30   . Turning first to  FIG.  23   , a flat wing rod is shown. Two wing  70  members set at an angular  72  orientation to each other adds resistance to buckling. It will be appreciated that the wings herein may be connected at the handle and/or tip ends of the rod. Replacing the straight cross section wings with curved cross section wings  74 ,  FIG.  24   , will increase potential pushing forces in both bent and unbent states. The combination of the angular orientation of the wings to each other and the curved cross section of the wings increases the pushing load the rod can transit before buckling. As the rod bends, the local curved sections flatten then rebound back to the more stable original curved shape as the local rod section exits bends in the toilet trap. 
     The pushing force provided by the rod can be significantly increased by increasing the number of wing elements.  FIG.  25    illustrates such a double curved wings  74  embodiment. In addition to increasing the pushing force provided by the rod, this mirroring of the rod of  FIG.  24    also significantly increases stability in such a free wing design, especially when it is subjected to off-center pushing forces. By eliminating the need for the extreme material bending in the living hinge a much stiffer material may be able to be used that will also increase the pushing force of a given sized rod. This multi-wing configuration may be useful when the size of the tube or trap that the rod needs to fit into is too small to allow simply making the two wing rod larger. 
     An alternate way to add lateral restraint is to connect the wings  74  with a compressible, low modulus of elasticity material, see  FIG.  26   . Such a filler  76  will stabilize the wing  74  geometry against sudden buckling yet be compressible enough to allow the overall geometry to flatten as it passes through the toilet trap bends. The filler  76  will then rebound the wings to the more stable as molded position as the local rod section exits the toilet trap bend. Such an embodiment has the potential to create a rod with a very high buckling force for a given cross sectional area. This would be most useful in applications requiring a very high pushing force in a small diameter passage or requiring a significantly longer flex section. One such application would be conduit chases in electrical vaults, etc. where rods of significant length may be desirable. 
     Tubular shapes can withstand the highest longitudinal compressive forces before buckling for a given amount of a given material of any simple geometry. Thin wall tubes are very efficient in this regard. However, the thin wall tube shapes are prone to sudden buckling when exposed to side loads, off center pushing forces, or minor geometry variations such as dents. When transitioning into a bent or curved shape these shapes frequently experience kinking that prevents them from rebounding back to their original, as molded, shape. In the toilet trap application, this kinking can make it difficult to withdraw the rod from the toilet trap as the kinks tend to get caught at the trap bends or any other features in the trap. Once caught, significant additional force is frequently required to withdraw the rod from the toilet trap. This gives the user the impression that the rod is stuck. Thicker wall tubes are more tolerant to these conditions and can undergo some bending without experiencing the kinking that prevents rebounding to the original, as molded, shape. However, they are less cost effective from a material usage standpoint than thin wall tubes. In addition much higher pushing forces are required to force thicker wall tubes through a given bend in a tubular passage. Adding optional living hinge sections to the tubular shapes allows these shapes to flatten easier when bending and therefore avoid the kinking situation, provided that the sections between the living hinge sections will not kink in the specific application. The living hinge also allows rods with thick sections to be pushed through a given bend in a tubular passage with much lower pushing force. A square tubular living hinge hollow rod is shown in  FIG.  27    with a simple flat thick section to demonstrate the concept as flat shapes will not kink during bending. These main thick sections could have curved or other cross section shapes so long as the chosen shape will not kink in the specific application. 
     As previously discussed, tubular shapes provide a high buckling stiffness along their axis for a given weight of material. This allows for a high pushing force for any given material cost. Unfortunately, tubular shapes, if not simple tubes, can prove to be difficult to mold. However, a tube-like structure can be obtained by molding a shape consisting of two halves  78  ( FIG.  28 A ) of a tubular rod and then folding the shape to achieve the tube-like structure ( FIG.  28 B ). A tube-like structure in the handle area  80  provides a handle that is more resistant to collapsing when squeezed during the pushing force. 
     The embodiments as shown in  FIGS.  29  and  30    combine the previously discussed concepts of a folded rod and cooperating tips to hold/retain the fold. Turning first to  FIG.  29   , the cone tip  82  is shown holding the rod in the folded position. This essentially holds the rod halves together without added fasteners or adhesives. The cones bias the disks and also hold the rod folded at the points of contact. It is the small end of the cone that holds the rod in the folded position. Turning next to  FIG.  30   , a tapered seat  84  on the cone engages a seat on the rod for longitudinal location and stabilization. This provides a means to retain the cones axially and radially on a folded rod. Further, tapering the mounting hub of the cone and assembling to a matching tapered mounting hub surface on the rod provides stability and longitudinal location positioning on the rod. In any event, it will be appreciated that other tip components may also be utilized to serve as retainers to hold the rod in the folded position. 
     A transverse perforated hinge rod embodiment is shown in  FIG.  31   . By way of background, as two plates bend, the inside of the plates become shorter while the outside of the plates become longer. This difference in length causes shearing stresses around the fold line. This stress can be relieved with elongated holes  86  positioned along the fold line which allow the upper and lower plates to move slightly with respect to each other. Relieving this stress reduces kinking during bending and allows smoother bending. This transverse perforated hinge allows some compliance between the upper portion and the lower portion of the rod during bending to prevent the local buckling and kinking that can result from the material on the outside of the bend wanting to stretch while the material on the inside of the bend will want to compress. 
     The crush boxes embodiment is illustrated in  FIGS.  32 A-D . In particular, depressions on the rod surfaces contact each other when the rod is folded into the closed position and can provide resistance to user induced squeezing forces. Rectangular boxes  88  are shown for illustration, but this function can be achieved by any shapes that approximately contact each other when the rod is in the closed position. The straight section of  FIG.  32 C  show how having no space between  89  the crush box faces prevents user induced crushing from squeezing forces in the handle section. Similarly, the bent section of  FIG.  32 D  show the space between  89  the crush box faces can limit flattening to preserve axial pushing force ability when the rod is bent to go around corners in flexible sections. It will be appreciated that both the crush boxes and tapered interlock features can be used in the same rod. 
     As mentioned, the crux of the disclosure remains the blades ability to traverse the drain and dislodge any blockage. More specifically, it is the stiff yet flexible characteristic of the blade that provides this feature. It has also been contemplated that there may be a desire or need to limit the bend or flex of the blade. As such, numerous embodiments addressing this desire will follow. A first embodiment is illustrated by the bend limiting box design of  FIG.  33   . By way of example, the flat blade of  FIG.  33    includes box structures  90  on its top face  92 . When the tips of the box structures contact one another during an upward bend  94 , the bend is limited thereby. Essentially, adding box like structures to the flexible section of the rod will limit how far the flexible section of the rod can bend in various directions. Adding box like structures on both sides of a living hinge design, and taking advantage of draft can limit how flat the flexible section can go as it flattens about the living hinge when it encounters a bend. In any event, limiting how flat the rod can get increases the pushing force that the rod can exert before buckling. 
     A stiff butt section rod embodiment is shown in  FIG.  34   . Since a portion of the handle end of the rod may never need to enter the trap, the handle end need not be flexible. Indeed, an improved pushing performance may be able to be achieved with more of the rod being inflexible. Such a design, while maintaining the prior discussed degree of flexibility, includes a flexible center section  96  like prior discussed rod profiles to provide flexibility to enter the trap and negotiate bends, and a more solid butt section  98 , which may be cylindrical or rib reinforced for example, to increase buckling stiffness when pushing on the rod. 
     A flex flattening limiter rod embodiment is shown in  FIG.  35   . When the flex section of the rod bends and transitions to a flatter state, the opposing walls move closer together. This makes it easier for the flex section to bend but also reduces the pushing force that the flex section can transmit before buckling. When the faces of flattening limiters  100  come into contact during rod bending and flattening and limit how close the two opposing walls can come to each other. Indeed, there is a larger distance between wall sections when using flattening limiters  100  than the smaller distance between wall sections when not. Accordingly, protrusions that limit how close the opposing walls of the flex section can come to each other when in a bent state (flattening limiters) will prevent the flex section from becoming entirely flat and help maintain some of the flex sections force transmitting ability. 
     Alternate embodiments of the blade tip have been contemplated. For example, an opened finger and/or closed fingered tip. Alternatively, fins or protrusions on the blade, which may be located on the sides, top and/or bottom and may aid in removing parts of the clog thereby reducing its size and/or tightness within the drain and/or create water sloshing or pressure and accordingly contributing to the clearing of the drain. 
     These alternate embodiments of the blade tips, as well as the other previously discussed tips, can be loosely classified as pushing tips. Alternatively, the tip may be designed to engage the clog and then pull, cut or shred as opposed to push. In particular, and for example, a perpendicular opposing teeth design, opposing hooks on one elongated side of the tip end, and a catch on a pre-bent tip. In any event, tips can be of any design and preferably focus on poking, pushing, grabbing and/or shredding the drain clogging materials. 
     The optional drain wall engaging member provides a pumping action to aid the tip in dislodging the clog. Essentially, a one-way valve is created. In order to accomplish this action, the tip end of the rod needs to create a seal within the toilet waste pipe (for example). Such a seal may be accomplished in a number of ways, including, but not limited to, an arrangement of disk(s), a sponge type seal, an arrangement of leaves/petals, a helix, multiple cup like designs and/or a funnel type design. Such seals and the like allow the adaptation of the wall engaging member to different size and shape traps and drains. 
     The disk arrangement has been previously shown and described with respect to  FIGS.  1 - 5   . The three-dimensional profile disk allows the disks to open when exposed to water pressure to better adapt to different trap profiles. Disks may be made from any suitable material, including fibrous pulp or pulp like materials including paper towel, or non-woven and woven substrates made with natural and man-made fibers, including paper substrates and fabrics. This embodiment (as well as others) may consist of pulp-based disks. As such, it will allow for three dimensional molded shapes and even more complex shapes when compared to flat paper stock. Additionally, the pulp material allows disks to be more pliable, more biodegradable, and encourages disposal after use. 
     The sponge type seal, and in particular an example of a sponge seal foot valve design is shown and described as the wall engaging assembly in  FIG.  36   . It will be appreciated that the foot valve or check valve embodiments, like those disclosed in  FIG.  36    and other Figures herein, are not limited to the specifically disclosed components. Rather it is the ability to push clogs by restricting reverse flow past the tips while allowing forward flow no matter what the geometry. While the embodiment of  FIG.  36   , and a number of alternate embodiments, may be described as so-called sponge seals, so long as the wall engaging member deforms to adapt to the trapway, the assembly need not necessarily comprise of a sponge or sponge type material. In any event, the wall engaging assembly of the embodiment of  FIG.  36    includes a seal  102  and a plug  104 . The seal  102  is preferably affixed to the blade  12  and deforms to adapt to the toilet drain trapway and seals there against. The plug  104  shuttles back and forth on the rod to allow flow and block against back flow thereby creating the pressure to dislodge clogs. 
     There are alternate sponge type seals contemplated. Indeed,  FIGS.  37 A- 37 C  illustrate a sponge sealed foot valve design utilizing a check ball. The toilet rod assembly includes a blade portion  12 , a back end and a front end with a tip  18  having a curved (or cobra shaped) end  106  to help navigate bends and protrusions (or teeth)  108  on it angled sides. The blade portion  12  includes a living hinge comprising a right wing  24 , a left wing  26  and a middle hinge  28 . The wall engaging assembly of the embodiment of  FIGS.  37 A- 37 C  includes a seal  102  and a check ball  110 . The seal is preferably affixed to the blade and deforms to adapt to the toilet drain trap way and seals there against. The check ball  110  shuttles back and forth on the rod to allow flow and block against back flow thereby creating pressure to help dislodge clogs. 
     Another alternate sponge type seal wall engaging member is illustrated in  FIGS.  38 A- 38 C . In particular, a shuttle seal design is utilized therein. As before, the toilet rod assembly includes a blade portion, a back end and a front end with a tip  18 . The blade portion includes a living hinge comprising a right wing  24 , left wing  26  and a middle hinge  28 . The wall engaging assembly of this embodiment includes a seal  102  and a rib  112  to stop the forward motion of the assembly and allow fluid flow. The rib  112  and back plate  114  are preferably affixed to the blade. The seal  102  deforms to adopt to the drain trap way and seals there against. The sponge seal also shuttles back and forth on the rod to allow forward flow  116  when the shuttle seal uncovers the holes in the back plate  114  and further allows flow around the rib  112 , see  FIG.  38 B . The holes are covered, and backflow is sealed when the seal is against the back plate  114 . In essence, the sponge seal of this embodiment doubles as the trap seal and as the flow check valve. 
     The seal and pumping action of the wall engaging member may further be accomplished via an expander-based design. The basic concept of this embodiment is illustrated in  FIG.  39   . In particular, a single flat elliptical disk  118  is located near the front end  16  of a flat rod  120 . In use, the slow-moving rod of  FIG.  39 B  does not create a pressure effect and accordingly remains compact for ease of trap navigation. By contrast, and as illustrated in  FIG.  39 D , a faster moving rod creates a velocity pressure  122  and bends the top petal up to fill up the trapway, create a seal, and accordingly create the clearing pressure in front of the rod. 
       FIGS.  40 A and  40 B  illustrate another embodiment of an expander-based design. In particular, a pleated cylindrical or conical expander  124  is located near the front end of a rod with a blade  12  having a right wing  24 , a left wing  26  and a living hinge  28 . This embodiment further includes a tip having a curved end.  FIG.  40 A  illustrates the expander  124  in the initial contracted condition, as shown by the small diameter  126  of  FIG.  40 A , for easy trapway traverse that allows forward flow  116  of water to flush the trap.  FIG.  40 B  illustrates the expander  124  in an expanded condition, and larger diameter  128  that fits and seals the local trapway conditions and geometry. Essentially, the expander  124  expands on pressure  130  generating forward inserting stroke to create toilet clearing pressure and contracts on reverse withdrawing stroke to allow forward flow of water to flush the trap. 
       FIG.  40 C  illustrates the expander-based design of  FIGS.  40 A and  40 B  with an additional protecting cage component. This protector may include multiple fingers  125  surrounding the cupcake doily style expander  124 . This design generates power while maintaining wall size adaptation in order to manipulate various trap/pipe sizes. 
     Other embodiments of an expander based design have been contemplated. In particular, a thick vane / thin web expander is located near the front end of the rod with a blade having a right wing, a left wing and a living hinge. Essentially, the thick vanes provide structure and strength while the flexible thin webs capture the pressure and allow the pressure generated to expand the tip to adapt to the trap diameter. Another embodiment of an expander based design includes an overlapping leaf expander located near the front end of the rod with a blade having a right wing, a left wing and a living hinge. See  FIG.  40 D . The expander, and its multiple leaf parts rotationally offset, in the initial compact shape, for easy trapway traverse. Multiple petals overlap to allow expansion when exposed to internal pressure generated by moving the rod forward in the trapway. The overlap of the petals allow a smaller diameter for easier trap entry while giving some expansion ability when exposed to internal water pressure. Essentially, the pressure expands the tip to adapt to the local shape of the trap and sealing occurs between the edges and adjacent bodies of the leaf parts. 
     Another embodiment of an expander based design includes a structure and web expander located near the front end of a rod with a blade having a tip with a curved end. The expander, including the external structure and flexible webbing, in the initial shape, is for easy trap entry. The expander, in an expanded shape, and larger diameter, is for adaptation to the toilet trap local shape. Essentially, the flexible web components between stiffer external structures captures the pressure on rapid forward movement of the rod and provides the sealing against the toilet trap during expansion. 
     A further embodiment of an expander based design includes a cone expander located near the front end of a rod with a blade having a tip with a curved end. In its initial shape the small diameter allows for easy trap entry. The expanded state adapts to variations in local trap geometry due to the forward pressure exerted on the rod. This embodiment may be formed from a simple molded cone. The cone is then slit so that it can be reformed for trapway traverse. Yet another embodiment of an expander based design includes a multi piece expander located near the front end of the rod with a blade having a right wing, a left wing and a living hinge. The expander design, and its individual snap on different sized expanders, in the normal and collapsed condition allow for ease in trapway navigation. On the other hand, in its expanded condition, the pressure conforms the design to the local trap geometry. 
     Compression type tips, those that would expand to compress against the toiler trap, have also been contemplated. For example, and turning first to  FIG.  41   , a stacked disk array tip is shown. The action of this stacked design is similar to a stack of patches used to swab the barrel of a gun or cannon, and the materials used allow for a biodegradable design.  FIGS.  41 A and  41 B  show a stacked array  132  of variable size disks  134 .  FIG.  41 C  illustrates a stacked array  132  of disks and appear to be one solid block of material, a non-woven wipe may be used, for example. While a stacked array with the disks spaced apart is shown for illustration purposes in  FIG.  41 D , it is the partially exploded array of  FIG.  41 E  that best shows the variable sizes of the disks. 
     The variable sized stack of disks shown in  FIG.  41    will now be described with respect to the disk cone array tip embodiment of  FIG.  42   . The disk cone array of  FIG.  42    includes various size flexible material disks that are stacked upon each other to create a stack with a deformable edge that can seal against the wall of the toilet trap while adapting to different trap sizes and shapes. Cone shaped spacers  136  are placed between stacks  132  of disks to reduce the number of disks required to get the desired spacing between the large diameter disks. The spacing between the disk stacks allows the disks to flop back and forth when needed and not bind against each other and create congestion when entering or leaving a toilet trap or when reversing the direction of the rod stroke. The large diameter  138  of the cone  136  is placed against the back side of a disk stack to give the disk stack enough stiffness to maintain its shape against the toilet trap wall and therefore generate pressure on the inward stroke of the rod. The small diameter  140  of the cone  136  is placed against the forward side of the disk stack to maintain spacing and to allow the flexible disks to fold forward when the rod is withdrawn allowing fluid to flow past the disks when the rod is being withdrawn. It will be appreciated that the disks may be pre-assembled onto a cartridge (as discussed in previous embodiments). The rod assembly includes a tip end  18  and a back end  14 , and the disk cone array is affixed to the blade via any suitable means, including right  142  and left  144  snaps or other suitable fasteners or the like. 
     Due to the fact that the blade of the toilet rod assembly will likely become soiled, there are multiple embodiments wherein the blade can be easily discarded after a single, or perhaps several uses. Indeed, the blade portion may be made of a biodegradable material. Turning now to an alternate detachable handle toilet rod embodiment of  FIG.  43   , an optional handle  146  is shown decoupled from the rear end  14  of the blade  12 . The front end  16  of this embodiment includes a one piece disk pack  148  that snaps onto the rod from the side. Accordingly, with the rod ejecting from the handle  146  it allows for a disposal of the rod and a retention of the handle. An alternate handle  150  is shown in  FIG.  44   . This handle  150  includes a grip  152 , a shield  154  and a blade detachment button  156 . The blade  12  includes a right wing  24 , a left wing  26  and a living hinge  28  together with a handle attachment end  158  including a handle engager (latch)  160 . 
     It will be appreciated that some of the embodiments disclosed herein may inadvertently create a soiled rod upon removal of the trapway. Additionally, the elongated shape of the rod may not fit in conventional bathroom refuse containers. Accordingly, a sanitary enclosure design, as shown in  FIG.  45   , may be used. Referring to  FIG.  45 A , a sleeve or bag  162  encloses the blade  12 , of the rod. The bag protects the wall engaging member, in this case a sponge seal  164 , from moisture and humidity prior to use. The bag is opened just prior to use by opening a Ziploc  166  or the like and is pulled over the user  168 . The bag  162  protects against splash during rod use ( FIG.  45 B ) and is temporarily stored for later use. After the clog has been cleared, the bag  162  is rolled  170  onto the soiled blade  12 , the Ziploc  166  is resealed and the bag  162  with the blade is ejected from the handle  146  for disposal. 
     Although the descriptions herein have focused on a specific drain, namely a toilet drain, the present disclosure and apparatus and devices may in fact be used on other clogged drains. Indeed, it is envisioned that almost any clogged drainage passageway in almost any type of plumbing fixture may be cleared with the teachings of this disclosure. It is further envisioned that these teachings may also be utilized in non-water way applications such as conduit, pipe, duct, race or other tubular clearing/cleaning operations. 
     The foregoing detailed description has been given for clearness of understanding only and no unnecessary limitations should be understood therefrom. Accordingly, while one or more particular embodiments of the disclosure have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the invention if its broader aspects, and, therefore, the aim in the appended claims is to cover all such changes and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of the present disclosure.