Patent Publication Number: US-2022219284-A1

Title: Apparatus and method for manufacturing display device

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S) 
     This is a divisional application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/158,657, filed Jan. 26, 2021 (now pending), the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/158,657 claims priority to and benefits of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2020-0010481 under 35 U.S.C. § 119, filed on Jan. 29, 2020 in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     1. Technical Field 
     One or more embodiments relate to an apparatus and method for manufacturing a display device. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     Mobile display devices are widely used. Tablet personal computers (PCs), in addition to small electronic devices, such as mobile phones, are widely used as mobile display devices. 
     These mobile display devices may support a variety of functions. Display devices may include a display area so as to provide visual information, such as an image or a video, to a user. Recently, as the sizes of other components for driving the display devices may be reduced, the portion of the display area in the display device is gradually increasing, and a structure that may be bendable to have a certain angle in a flat state has been also been developed. 
     A process of polishing a surface of a base material may be performed during a process of manufacturing display devices. 
     It is to be understood that this background of the technology section is, in part, intended to provide useful background for understanding the technology. However, this background of the technology section may also include ideas, concepts, or recognitions that were not part of what was known or appreciated by those skilled in the pertinent art prior to a corresponding effective filing date of the subject matter disclosed herein. 
     SUMMARY 
     One or more embodiments may include an apparatus and method for manufacturing a display device having high reliability. 
     Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the presented embodiments of the disclosure. 
     According to one or more embodiments, an apparatus for manufacturing a display device may include a moving part including, a belt that circulates, a roller that circulates the belt, and at least one meandering prevention portion that moves in a first direction parallel to a direction of a rotation shaft of the roller and prevents meandering of the belt, and a polishing head disposed corresponding to the moving part, the polishing head polishing a surface of a base material disposed on a first surface of the belt. A part of the at least one meandering prevention portion may face a second surface of the belt, the second surface being a side surface of the belt. 
     The at least one meandering prevention portion may include a first meandering prevention portion and a second meandering prevention portion, and the belt may be disposed between the first meandering prevention portion and the second meandering prevention portion. 
     The at least one meandering prevention portion may include a first roller of which at least part abuts the second surface in the first direction, and a first spacing adjusting portion that moves the first roller. 
     The at least one meandering prevention portion may further include a first driving portion that rotates the first roller. 
     The at least one meandering prevention portion may be disposed in a region in which a moving direction of the belt changes. 
     The moving part may further include a cleaning portion that cleans a surface of the belt. 
     The moving part may further include an adjusting portion facing and pressing against a third surface of the belt, the third surface being opposite to the first surface of the belt. 
     The apparatus may further include a measuring part that observes alignment marks disposed on the first surface of the belt. 
     The apparatus may further include a spray part that removes a polish disposed on the alignment marks. 
     The belt may include an opening on which the base material is disposed. 
     According to one or more embodiments, a method of manufacturing a display device may include observing alignment marks disposed on a first surface of a belt that circulates, comparing positions of the alignment marks with preset positions, and adjusting a position of the belt by using a meandering prevention portion in accordance with a result of the comparing of the positions. At least part of the meandering prevention portion may face a second surface of the belt, the second surface being a side surface of the belt. 
     The adjusting of the position of the belt may include moving the meandering prevention portion in a first direction to be in contact with the belt. 
     The meandering prevention portion may linearly move the belt in the first direction. 
     The meandering prevention portion may be disposed in a region in which a moving direction of the belt changes. 
     The meandering prevention portion may include a first roller of which at least a part faces the second surface, and a first spacing adjusting portion that moves the first roller. 
     The observing of the alignment marks may include removing a polish disposed on the alignment marks. 
     The method may further include cleaning a surface of the belt. 
     The method may further include pressing a third surface of the belt to maintain a tension of the belt, the third surface of the belt being opposite to the first surface of the belt. 
     The method may further include disposing a base material on the first surface, and polishing a surface of the base material by using a polishing head. 
     The belt may include an opening on which the base material is disposed. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The above and other aspects, features, and advantages of certain embodiments of the disclosure will be more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic front view illustrating an apparatus for manufacturing a display device, according to an embodiment; 
         FIG. 2  is a schematic front view schematically illustrating part of the apparatus for manufacturing a display device; 
         FIG. 3  is a schematic plan view schematically illustrating a moving part of the apparatus for manufacturing a display device; 
         FIG. 4  is an enlarged schematic view of region IV of  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIGS. 5A and 5B  are schematic plan views illustrating part of a moving part according to another embodiment; 
         FIG. 6A  is a schematic front view illustrating an operating method of the apparatus for manufacturing a display device shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 6B  is a schematic plan view illustrating an operating method of the apparatus for manufacturing a display device shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIGS. 7 and 8  are schematic front views illustrating an operating method of the apparatus for manufacturing a display device shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 9  is a schematic plan view schematically illustrating a display device manufactured by the apparatus for manufacturing a display device according to an embodiment; and 
         FIG. 10  is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a display device manufactured by the apparatus for manufacturing a display device according to an embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS 
     Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. In this regard, embodiments may have different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the descriptions set forth herein. Accordingly, embodiments are merely described below, by referring to the figures, to explain aspects of the description. 
     As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The terms “and” and “or” may be used in the conjunctive or disjunctive sense and may be understood to be equivalent to “and/or.” Throughout the disclosure, the expression “at least one of a, b or c” indicates only a, only b, only c, both a and b, both a and c, both b and c, all of a, b, and c, or variations thereof. 
     The term “overlap” may include layer, stack, face or facing, extending over, extending under, covering or partly covering or any other suitable term as would be appreciated and understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. The phrase “not overlap” may include apart from or set aside from or offset from and any other suitable equivalents as would be appreciated and understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. 
     It will be understood that although the terms “first,” “second,” etc. may be used herein to describe various components, these components should not be limited by these terms. These components are only used to distinguish one component from another. 
     As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. 
     It will be further understood that terms such as “comprises”, “comprising”, “has”, “have”, “having”, “includes”, and “including”, as used herein specify the presence of stated features or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features or components. 
     It will be understood that when a layer, region, or component may be referred to as being “formed on,” another layer, region, or component, it may be directly or indirectly formed on the other layer, region, or component. For example, intervening layers, regions, or components may be present. 
     Sizes of elements in the drawings may be exaggerated or reduced for convenience of explanation. In other words, since sizes and thicknesses of components in the drawings may be arbitrarily illustrated for convenience of explanation, the following embodiments are not limited thereto. 
     When a certain embodiment may be implemented differently, a specific process order may be performed differently from the described order. For example, two consecutively described processes may be performed substantially at the same time or performed in an order opposite to the described order. 
     It will be understood that when a layer, region, or component may be referred to as being “connected to,” another layer, region, or component, it may be directly or indirectly connected to the other layer, region, or component. For example, intervening layers, regions, or components may be present. For example, it will be understood that when a layer, region, or component may be referred to as being “electrically connected to,” another layer, region, or component, it may be directly or indirectly electrically connected to the other layer, region, or component. For example, intervening layers, regions, or components may be present. 
     About” or “approximately” as used herein is inclusive of the stated value and means within an acceptable range of deviation for the particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art, considering the measurement in question and the error associated with measurement of the particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, “about” may mean within one or more standard deviations, or within ±30%, 20%, 5% of the stated value. 
     Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal sense unless clearly defined in the specification. 
       FIG. 1  is a schematic front view illustrating an apparatus  100  for manufacturing a display device, according to an embodiment.  FIG. 2  is a schematic front view schematically illustrating part of the apparatus  100  for manufacturing a display device.  FIG. 3  is a schematic front view schematically illustrating a moving part  120  of the apparatus  100  for manufacturing a display device.  FIG. 4  is an enlarged schematic view of region IV of  FIG. 2 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 1 through 4 , the apparatus  100  for manufacturing a display device may include an input part  110 , the moving part  120 , a polishing head  140 , and a transport part  150 . 
     In an embodiment, a base material M may be supplied to the input part  110  from the outside and seated on the input part  110 . In another embodiment, the input part  110  may be omitted, and the base material M may be disposed (e.g., directly seated) on the moving part  120 . However, hereinafter, the case where the base material M may be supplied to the input part  110  from the outside and seated on the input part  110  will be described in detail. 
     The input part  110  may include an input support portion  111 , an input roller  112 , and an input driving portion  113 . 
     The input support portion  111  may include multiple frames connected to one another. At least one of the frames may be fixed to the ground or the inside of a building so that the input support portion  111  may be fixed. 
     The input roller  112  may be rotatably arranged on the input support portion  111 . Multiple rollers  112  may be provided. The input rollers  112  may be apart from one another and may be arranged on the input support portion  111 . 
     The input driving portion  113  may be connected to the input roller  112  and may rotate the input roller  112 . The input driving portion  113  may be connected to at least one of the input rollers  112 . In an embodiment, the input driving portion  113  may include a motor. Multiple input driving portions  113  may be provided. Thus, each of the input driving portions  113  may be arranged on each of the input rollers  112 . In another embodiment, the input driving portion  113  may include a chain connected to the input rollers  112 , a sprocket connected to the chain and rotating the chain, and a motor connected to the sprocket. In another embodiment, the input driving portion  113  may include all devices and structures connected to each of the input rollers  112  so as to rotate each input roller  112  or connected to some or all of the input rollers  112  so as to simultaneously rotate the input rollers  112 . However, hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the case where the input driving portion  113  may be arranged on each input roller  112  so as to rotate each input roller  112  will be described in detail. 
     The moving part  120  may provide a region in which the base material M supplied from the input part  110  may be polished. The moving part  120  may include a belt  121  that circulates, a roller  122  circulating the belt  121 , a driving portion  123  driving the roller  122 , a meandering prevention portion  124  ( 124 A,  124 B,  124 C, and/or  124 D) preventing meandering of the belt  121 , an adjusting portion  125  pressing the belt  121 , and a cleaning portion  126  cleaning the surface of the belt  121 . 
     The belt  121  may be rotated by the roller  122 , and the position of the belt  121  may be changed according to rotation of the roller  122 . In an embodiment, the belt  121  may include an opening  121 OP on which the base material M may be seated. The opening  121 OP may be arranged to correspond to a first surface S 1  of the belt  121 , and the shape of the opening  121 OP may correspond to the shape of the base material M. In another embodiment, a guard portion may be provided to the surface of the belt  121 . The guard portion may be arranged on the first surface S 1  of the belt  121 , and the base material M may be inserted into the guard portion. However, for convenience of explanation, the case where the belt  121  includes the opening  121 OP will be described in detail. 
     A depth d 1  of the opening  121 OP may be less than or similar to a thickness d 2  of the base material M. The depth d 1  of the opening  121 OP may be equal to the thickness d 2  of the base material M. Thus, in case that the polishing head  140  polishes edges of the base material M, pressure of the polishing head  140  may be prevented from being concentrated on the edges of the base material M due to a step between the belt  121  and the base material M. 
     The opening  121 OP may designate the position of the base material M in case that the base material M may be seated on the belt  121 . Here, designating of the position means that, because the base material M may be inserted into the opening  121 OP, the position of the base material M may not be changed relative to the belt  121  due to the polishing process even in case that polishing may be performed. Thus, the surface of the base material M may be uniformly polished. 
     The belt  121  may include an alignment mark AM on the first surface S 1  on which the base material M may be seated. In an embodiment, the alignment mark AM may be formed by irradiating laser on the first surface S 1  of the belt  121 . In another embodiment, the alignment mark AM may be attached to the first surface S 1  of the belt  121 . 
     Multiple alignment marks AM may be arranged on the first surface S 1  of the belt  121 . In an embodiment, the alignment marks AM may be arranged at regular intervals. A measuring part  160  that will be described later may observe the alignment marks AM provided on the belt  121  so that it may be determined whether the belt  121  meanders, and the position of the alignment marks AM may be checked so that the base material M may be input to the moving part  120 . Also, the measuring part  160  may observe a distance between the alignment marks AM so that a degree of stretching of the belt  121  may be determined. 
     The alignment marks AM may have a variety of shapes. For example, the alignment marks AM may have a cross shape. In another example, the alignment marks AM may have a rectangular shape, a polygonal shape, or a circular shape. The width of each of the alignment marks AM may be about 50 μm. In another embodiment, the width of each alignment mark AM may be about 50 μm or less, or about 50 μm or more. 
     In an embodiment, the belt  121  may include multiple layers. For example, the belt  121  may include a first layer  121   a  and a second layer  121   b . The first layer  121   a  may be a layer that contacts the roller  122 , and the second layer  121   b  may be a layer on which the base material M may be arranged. The depth d 1  of the opening  121 OP may be less than a thickness t 1  of the second layer  121   b.    
     The first layer  121   a  may include a fiber material. For example, the first layer  121   a  may include a urethane fiber or the like. The second layer  121   b  may include a material having excellent chemical resistance. For example, the second layer  121   b  may include at least one of unsaturated polyester (UPE) and Teflon. Because a polishing process may be performed on an upper surface of the second layer  121   b  by using the polishing head  140 , the second layer  121   b  may include a material having excellent chemical resistance and abrasion resistance. 
     In another embodiment, the belt  121  may have a single layer structure. The belt  121  may include a material having excellent chemical resistance. For example, the belt  121  may include at least one of UPE and Teflon. 
     The roller  122  may rotate so as to circulate the belt  121 . For example, the roller  122  may rotate around a rotation shaft  122 X. Multiple rollers  122  may be provided. The rollers  122  may be disposed apart from one another so as to maintain a constant tension of the belt  121 . 
     The driving portion  123  may include a motor, etc., that may be arranged on the rollers  122  so as to rotate the rollers  122  around the rotation shaft  122 X. The driving portion  123  may be arranged on at least one of the rollers  122 . 
     The meandering prevention portion  124  may prevent meandering of the belt  121 . The meandering prevention portion  124  may be arranged with the belt  121  between meandering prevention portions  124 . For example, a first meandering prevention portion  124 A and a second meandering prevention portion  124 B may be arranged with the belt  121  therebetween. In detail, the first meandering prevention portion  124 A and the second meandering prevention portion  124 B may be arranged in a first direction (for example, a y-direction or −y-direction). 
     The meandering prevention portion  124  may be arranged in a region R in which the moving direction of the belt may be changed. The region R, in which the moving direction of the belt  121  may be changed, may be defined as a region in which the belt  121  may be circulated in a second direction (for example, an x-direction or −x-direction) and the moving direction of the belt  121  may be changed into a direction opposite to the second direction (for example, an −x-direction or x-direction). As another example, the region R, in which the moving direction of the belt  121  may be changed, may be defined as a region in which the belt  121  may be circulated in the direction opposite to the second direction and the moving direction of the belt  121  may be changed into the second direction. The meandering prevention portion  124  may be arranged adjacent to the rollers  122 . For example, the first meandering prevention portion  124 A and a third meandering prevention portion  124 C may be arranged in the second direction (for example, an x-direction or −x-direction) crossing the first direction. Because the meandering prevention assembly  124  may be arranged on both ends of the belt  121 , meandering of the belt  121  may be prevented. 
     At least part of the meandering prevention portion  124  may face a second surface S 2  that may be a side surface of the belt  121 . The second surface S 2  may be defined as a surface of the belt  121  that may not be the first surface S 1  and a third surface S 3  opposite to the first surface S 1 . Thus, the meandering prevention portion  124  may guide the belt  121  so as to circulate in a constant path. Also, because the meandering prevention portion  124  may be in contact with the second surface S 2  that may not be the first surface S 1 , damage of the first surface S 1  may be prevented. 
     The meandering prevention portion  124  may move in the first direction (for example, a y-direction or −y-direction) parallel to the rotation shaft  122 X of the rollers  122 . In particular, the meandering prevention portion  124  may make a linear motion in the first direction. The first meandering prevention portion  124 A and the second meandering prevention portion  124 B may move independently. For example, the first meandering prevention portion  124 A and the second meandering prevention portion  124 B may move in the same direction. In another example, the first meandering prevention portion  124 A and the second meandering prevention portion  124 B may move in opposite directions. 
     The meandering prevention portion  124  may include a first roller  200 , a first driving portion  201 , and a first spacing adjusting portion  202 . 
     At least part of the first roller  200  may abut the second surface S 2  of the belt  121  in the first direction (for example, a y-direction or −y-direction). Also, the first roller  200  may be rotatably arranged. In an embodiment, the first roller  200  may be in contact with the rollers  122 . In another embodiment, the first roller  200  may be apart from the rollers  122 . In an embodiment, the first roller  200  may rotate in an opposite direction to the rollers  122 . For example, in case that the rollers  122  rotate clockwise, as shown in  FIG. 2 , the first roller  200  may rotate counterclockwise, as shown in  FIG. 2 . 
     The first driving portion  201  may rotate the first roller  200 . The first driving portion  201  may include a motor, etc., similarly to the driving portion  123 , and may be arranged on the first roller  200 . 
     The first spacing adjusting portion  202  may move the first roller  200 . The first spacing adjusting portion  202  may be connected to the first roller  200  and may linearly move the first roller  200 . For example, the first spacing adjusting portion  202  may move the first roller  200  in the first direction (for example, a y-direction or −y-direction). The first spacing adjusting portion  202  may have a variety of shapes. For example, the first spacing adjusting portion  202  may include a cylinder. In another embodiment, the first spacing adjusting portion  202  may also include a ball screw and a motor connected to the ball screw. In another example, the first spacing adjusting portion  202  may also include a linear motor. As described above, the first spacing adjusting portion  202  may include all devices and all structures that may linearly move the first roller  200 . 
     The adjusting portion  125  may press the third surface S 3  of the belt  121 . The adjusting portion  125  may face the third surface S 3 . For example, the adjusting portion  125  may be arranged between the rollers  122 . The adjusting portion  125  may be in contact with the third surface S 3  and may press the belt  121  so as to maintain the tension of the belt  121 . Because the adjusting portion  125  does not press the first surface S 1  of the belt  121 , damage of the first surface S 1  may be prevented. In an embodiment, at least one adjusting portion  125  may be provided. The adjusting portion  125  may include a second roller  125   a , a second driving portion  125   b , and second spacing adjusting portions  125   c   1  and  125   c   2 . 
     The second roller  125   a  may be rotatably arranged, and the second driving portion  125   b  may be connected to the second roller  125   a  so as to rotate the second roller  125   a . The second driving portion  125   b  may include a motor, etc., similarly to the first driving portion  201 . 
     The second spacing adjusting portions  125   c   1  and  125   c   2  may move the second roller  125   a . The second spacing adjusting portions  125   c   1  and  125   c   2  may be connected to the second roller  125   a  so as to linearly move the second roller  125   a . The second spacing adjusting portions  125   c   1  and  125   c   2  may include all devices and all structures that may linearly move the second roller  125   a , similarly to the first spacing adjusting portion  202 . 
     In an embodiment, the second spacing adjusting portions  125   c   1  and  125   c   2  may include a first portion  125   c   1  and a second portion  125   c   2 . A direction in which the first portion  125   c   1  linearly moves the second roller  125   a , and a direction in which the second portion  125   c   2  linearly moves the second roller  125   a  may be different from each other. For example, the first portion  125   c   1  may move the second roller  125   a  in a third direction (for example, a z-direction or −z-direction) crossing the first direction and/or the second direction. The second portion  125   c   2  may move the second roller  125   a  in the second direction (for example, an x-direction or −x-direction). 
     The cleaning portion  126  may clean the surface of the belt  121 . In an embodiment, the cleaning portion  126  may include a third roller  126   a , a third driving portion  126   b , a third spacing adjusting portion  126   c , a first cleaning roller  126   d , and a second cleaning roller  126   e.    
     The third roller  126   a , the third driving portion  126   b , and the third spacing adjusting portion  126   c  may be similar to the second roller  125   a , the second driving portion  125   b , and the second spacing adjusting portions  125   c   1  and  125   c   2 . Thus, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. The third roller  126   a  may support the belt  121  and the first cleaning roller  126   d  while the first cleaning roller  126   d  cleans the surface of the belt  121 . 
     In an embodiment, each of the first cleaning roller  126   d  and the second cleaning roller  126   e  may rotate. Each of the first cleaning roller  126   d  and the second cleaning roller  126   e  may be connected to a driving portion so as to rotate. 
     The surface of the first cleaning roller  126   d  and the surface of the second cleaning roller  126   e  may be in contact with each other. The first cleaning roller  126   d  and the second cleaning roller  126   e  may rotate in different directions. For example, in case that the first cleaning roller  126   d  rotates counterclockwise, as shown in  FIG. 2 , the second cleaning roller  126   e  may rotate clockwise, as shown in  FIG. 2 . 
     The first cleaning roller  126   d  may clean the surface of the belt  121 . In detail, the first cleaning roller  126   d  may be in contact with the belt  121  so as to adsorb a polish that remains on the surface of the belt  121 . Also, the second cleaning roller  126   e  may adsorb the polish adsorbed onto the first cleaning roller  126   d . The adsorption force of the second cleaning roller  126   e  may be greater than that of the first cleaning roller  126   d . Thus, because, even in case that the polish may be adsorbed onto the surface of the first cleaning roller  126   d , the second cleaning roller  126   e  simultaneously adsorbs the polish adsorbed onto the surface of the first cleaning roller  126   d , the adsorption force of the first cleaning roller  126   d  may be maintained. 
     In an embodiment, the cleaning portion  126  may include a third cleaning roller  126   f  and a fourth cleaning roller  126   g . Each of the third cleaning roller  126   f  and the fourth cleaning roller  126   g  may be arranged, similarly to each of the first cleaning roller  126   d  and the second cleaning roller  126   e.    
     The third cleaning roller  126   f  and the fourth cleaning roller  126   g  may be arranged in the region R in which the moving direction of the belt  121  may be changed. While the third cleaning roller  126   f  cleans the surface of the belt  121 , the roller  122  may support the third cleaning roller  126   f . Thus, there may be no need for providing an additional third roller  126   a , an additional third driving portion  126   b , and an additional third spacing adjusting portion  126   c  for supporting the third cleaning roller  126   f.    
     In an embodiment, the cleaning portion  126  may include the third roller  126   a , the third driving portion  126   b , the third spacing adjusting portion  126   c , and the first through fourth cleaning rollers  126   d  through  126   g . In some embodiments, the cleaning portion  126  may include the third roller  126   a , the third driving portion  126   b , the third spacing adjusting portion  126   c , the first cleaning roller  126   d , and the second cleaning roller  126   e  and may not include the third cleaning roller  126   f  and the fourth cleaning roller  126   g . In some embodiments, the cleaning portion  126  may include the third cleaning roller  126   f  and the fourth cleaning roller  126   g  and may not include the third roller  126   a , the third driving portion  126   b , the third spacing adjusting portion  126   c , the first cleaning roller  126   d , and the second cleaning roller  126   e . Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the case where the cleaning portion  126  includes the third roller  126   a , the third driving portion  126   b , the third spacing adjusting portion  126   c , the first cleaning roller  126   d  and the second cleaning roller  126   e  and does not include the third cleaning roller  126   f  and the fourth cleaning roller  126   g  will be described in detail. 
     The moving part  120  may further include a base material supporting portion  127  arranged on the belt  121 . The base material supporting portion  127  may support the base material M in case that the surface of the base material M may be polished. The base material supporting portion  127  may be arranged between the rollers  122  so as to correspond to the polishing head  140 . The base material supporting portion  127  may have the shape of a plate. 
     The polishing head  140  may be arranged so as to correspond to the moving part  120 . For example, the polishing head  140  may be arranged on the first surface S 1  of the belt  121 . The polishing head  140  may move in various directions. For example, the polishing head  140  may move in at least one of the x-direction, the y-direction, and the z-direction of  FIG. 1 . 
     The polishing head  140  may include a polishing head body portion  141 , a polishing head rotation portion  142 , a polishing pad  143 , and a polishing driving portion  144 . 
     In an embodiment, the polishing head body portion  141  may be connected to the polishing driving portion  144  and may make a linear motion. In another embodiment, the polishing head body portion  141  may be connected to the polishing driving portion  144  so as to make a reciprocating vibration motion. Hereinafter, the case where the polishing head body portion  141  may be connected to the polishing driving portion  144  and makes a linear motion will be described in detail. 
     The polishing head rotation portion  142  may be rotatably connected to the polishing head body portion  141 . The polishing pad  143  may be connected to the polishing head rotation portion  142 . 
     The polishing pad  143  may be arranged on the polishing head rotation portion  142 , may have the shape of a plate, and may polish the surface of the base material M. 
     The polishing driving portion  144  may include a first polishing driving portion  144 A, which may be arranged inside the polishing head body portion  141  so as to rotate the polishing head rotation portion  142 , and a second polishing driving portion  144 B, which may be connected to the polishing head body portion  141  and linearly moves the polishing head body portion  141 . 
     In an embodiment, the first polishing driving portion  144 A may include a motor connected to the polishing head rotation portion  142  so as to rotate the polishing head rotation portion  142 . In another embodiment, the first polishing driving portion  144 A may include a decelerator arranged between the motor connected to the polishing head rotation portion  142  so as to rotate the polishing head rotation portion  142  and the polishing head rotation portion  142 . 
     The second polishing driving portion  144 B may linearly move the polishing head body portion  141 . At least one second polishing driving portion  144 B may be provided. For example, multiple second polishing driving portions  144 B may be provided. Each of the second polishing driving portions  144 B may linearly move the polishing head body portion  141  in one of the x-direction, the y-direction, and the z-direction of  FIG. 1 . The second polishing driving portion  144 B may be provided in various shapes. For example, the second polishing driving portion  144 B may include a cylinder. In another example, the second polishing driving portion  144 B may include a ball screw and a motor connected to the ball screw. In another example, the second polishing driving portion  144 B may also include a linear motor. As described above, the second polishing driving portion  144 B may include all devices and all structures that may be connected to the polishing head body portion  141  and linearly move the polishing head body portion  141  in various directions. 
     In an embodiment, the transport part  150  may transport the base material M so as to carry the base material M to the outside. In another embodiment, the transport part  150  may be omitted so that the base material M may be directly carried out of the moving part  120  to the outside. However, hereinafter, the case where the base material M may be carried out of the transport part  150  to the outside will be described in detail. 
     The transport part  150  may be apart from the moving part  120  so as to transport the polished base material M. The transport part  150  may include a transport supporting portion  151 , a transport roller  152 , and a transport driving portion  153 . The transport supporting portion  151 , the transport roller  152 , and the transport driving portion  153  may be provided in the same way or similarly to the input support portion  111 , the input roller  112 , and the input driving portion  113 . 
     The apparatus  100  for manufacturing a display device may further include the measuring part  160  and a spray part  170 . 
     The measuring part  160  may observe the alignment marks AM arranged on the first surface S 1 . Also, the measuring part  160  may observe the base material M arranged on the first surface S 1 . In an embodiment, multiple measuring parts  160  may be provided. The measuring part  160  may observe each of the alignment marks AM and the base material M. Thus, a degree of meandering of the belt  121 , the surface state of the belt  121 , and whether the base material M may be arranged to correspond to the opening  121 OP may be observed. The measuring part  160  may be an image capturing device, such as a camera. 
     The spray part  170  may remove a polish arranged on the alignment marks AM. For example, the polish may be disposed (e.g., arranged) on the alignment marks AM before the measuring part  160  observes the alignment marks AM. The polish may prevent the measuring part  160  from observing the alignment marks AM. The spray part  170  may spray gas so as to remove the polish arranged on the alignment marks AM. The spray part  170  may be an air blower. 
       FIGS. 5A and 5B  are schematic plan views illustrating part of a moving part according to another embodiment. The same reference numerals of  FIGS. 5A and 5B  as those of  FIG. 2  may refer to the same elements and thus, a redundant description thereof will be omitted. 
     Referring to  FIG. 5A , a moving part  120 - 1  may include a belt  121 , a roller  122 , a driving portion  123 , a cleaning portion  126 - 1 , and a base material support portion  127 . 
     The cleaning portion  126 - 1  may clean the belt  121 . The cleaning portion  126 - 1  may include a fixing roller  126   a - 1 , a cleaning container  126   b - 1 , a cleaning adjusting portion  126   c - 1 , and a cleaning solution removal portion  126   d - 1 . 
     The fixing roller  126   a - 1  may guide the belt  121  toward the cleaning container  126   b - 1 . Thus, the belt  121  may be in contact with a cleaning solution in the cleaning container  126   b - 1 . The fixing roller  126   a - 1  may be rotatable. Also, a driving portion may be connected to the fixing roller  126   a - 1 . 
     The cleaning container  126   b - 1  may store the cleaning solution. The cleaning container  126   b - 1  may be connected to the cleaning adjusting portion  126   c - 1  so as to adjust the cleaning solution. For example, the cleaning adjusting portion  126   c - 1  may adjust the amount of the cleaning solution inside the cleaning container  126   b - 1 . Also, the cleaning adjusting portion  126   c - 1  may exchange the cleaning solution. 
     The cleaning solution removal portion  126   d - 1  may remove cleaning solution that remains in the belt  121 . For example, the cleaning solution removal portion  126   d - 1  may be a knife that contacts the belt  121 . In another example, the cleaning solution removal portion  126   d - 1  may be an evaporator for evaporating the cleaning solution or an absorber for absorbing the cleaning solution. 
     Referring to  FIG. 5B , a moving part  120 - 2  may include a belt  121 , a roller  122 , a driving portion  123 , a cleaning portion  126 - 2 , and a base material support portion  127 . 
     The cleaning portion  126 - 2  may clean the belt  121 . The belt  121  may penetrate the cleaning portion  126 - 2 . In an embodiment, the cleaning portion  126 - 2  may include a brush. A polish may be removed using the brush. In another embodiment, the cleaning portion  126 - 2  may spray a cleaning solution toward the belt  121 . The cleaning solution may be water. In some embodiments, the cleaning portion  126 - 2  may further include a cleaning solution removal portion (not shown) for removing the cleaning solution. 
     Hereinafter, an operation of the apparatus  100  for manufacturing a display device will be described in detail. 
       FIG. 6A  is a schematic front view illustrating an operating method of the apparatus  100  for manufacturing a display device shown in  FIG. 1 .  FIG. 6B  is a schematic plan view illustrating an operating method of the apparatus  100  for manufacturing a display device shown in  FIG. 1 .  FIGS. 7 and 8  are schematic front views illustrating an operating method of the apparatus  100  for manufacturing a display device shown in  FIG. 1 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 6A and 6B , alignment marks AM arranged on a first surface S 1  of the belt  121  may be observed. A measuring part  160  may observe the alignment marks AM. Multiple measuring parts  160  may be provided. The measuring parts  160  may observe the alignment marks AM. For example, the measuring parts  160  may observe a first alignment mark AM 1 , a second alignment mark AM 2 , a third alignment mark AM 3 , and a fourth alignment mark AM 4 . Thus, whether meandering of the belt  121  occurs, the surface state of the belt  121 , or whether the belt  121  may be stretched may be checked. 
     In case that the measuring parts  160  observe the alignment marks AM, the polish arranged on the alignment marks AM may be removed. In detail, the spray part  170  may spray a gas A onto the surface of the belt  121  so as to remove the polish. The gas A may be air. For example, in case that the polish may be arranged on the alignment marks AM, the spray part  170  may spray the gas A onto the first surface S 1  of the belt  121  so as to remove the polish. Thus, the measuring parts  160  may easily observe the alignment marks AM. 
     Positions of the alignment marks AM may be compared with preset positions. For example, the position of the first alignment mark AM 1  and the position of the second alignment mark AM 2  may be compared with a preset position of the first alignment mark AM 1  and a preset position of the second alignment mark AM 2 , so that it may be determined whether meandering of the belt  121  occurs. Also, the position of the third alignment mark AM 3  and the position of the fourth alignment mark AM 4  may be compared with a preset position of the third alignment mark AM 3  and a preset position of the fourth alignment mark AM 4 , so that it may be determined whether meandering of the belt  121  occurs. In another example, the position of the first alignment mark AM 1  and the position of another alignment mark (e.g., the third alignment mark AM 3 ) may be compared with the preset position of the first alignment mark AM 1  and another alignment mark (e.g., the preset position of the third alignment mark AM 3 ), so that it may be determined whether the belt  121  may be stretched. 
     In case that the positions of the alignment marks AM may be different from the preset positions, the position of the belt  121  may be adjusted by using a meandering prevention portion  124 . In detail, the meandering prevention portion  124  may move in a first direction (for example, a y-direction or −y-direction) so as to be in contact with the belt  121 . A first meandering prevention portion  124 A and a second meandering prevention portion  124 B may move independently. For example, in a state in which, in  FIG. 6B , the first meandering prevention portion  124 A may be stopped, the second meandering prevention portion  124 B may move in the y-direction or −y-direction. In another example, in a state in which the second meandering prevention portion  124 B may be stopped, the first meandering prevention portion  124 A may move in the y-direction or −y-direction. In another example, the first meandering prevention portion  124 A and the second meandering prevention portion  124 B may move in the same direction or in opposite directions. 
     The meandering prevention portion  124  may move the belt  121  in the first direction (for example, the y-direction or −y-direction). The belt  121  moving in the first direction means that part of the belt  121  arranged in a region in which the moving direction of the belt  121  may be changed, moves in the first direction. As another example, the belt  121  moving in the first direction may mean that the belt  121  entirely moves in the first direction. Thus, the meandering prevention portion  124  may recover a circulating path of the belt  121  in case that the circulating path of the belt  121  may be changed, e.g., due to an external factor. 
     Also, a third surface S 3  of the belt  121  may be pressed so that the tension of the belt  121  may be adjusted (e.g., maintained). In detail, the adjusting portion  125  may press the third surface S 3  of the belt  121 . Thus, the tension of the belt  121  may be maintained. In the embodiment, the belt  121  may circulate due to a roller  122  and may be in contact with the polishing head  140 . Thus, the length of the belt  121  may be stretched while a polishing process may be performed. The adjusting portion  125  may press the third surface S 3  of the belt  121  so as to maintain the tension of the belt  121 . Because the adjusting portion  125  may not be in contact with the first surface S 1  of the belt  121 , damage of the first surface S 1  may be prevented. 
     The base material M may be arranged on an input part  110  from the outside in various manners. For example, the base material M may be transported to the input part  110  through a robot arm. In another example, the base material M may also be supplied by a user to the input part  110  manually through an additional tool. 
     The base material M may also be disposed (e.g., directly mounted) on the input part  110  or may be arranged on the input part  110  in a state in which the base material M may be seated on an additional carrier member (not shown). The carrier member may have the shape of a plate including glass or the like. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the case where the base material M may be disposed (e.g., directly arranged) on the input unit  110  will be described in detail. 
     The base material M have various shapes. For example, the base material M may be used in case that a single display device (not shown) may be manufactured. In another example, the base material M may be used in case that multiple display devices may be manufactured. After multiple display areas (not shown) may be formed in the base material M, the base material M may be divided into multiple parts so as to correspond to each of the display areas. 
     The base material M may include various materials. The base material M may include glass or polymer resin, such as polyethersulfone, polyarylate, polyetherimide, polyethylene naphthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, polyimide, polycarbonate (PC), cellulose triacetate (TAC), cellulose acetate propionate, or a combination thereof. 
     The measuring unit  160  may observe the base material M so that an input driving portion  113  and a driving portion  123  may be induced so as to interlock with each other. In case that the driving portion  123  operates, the roller  122  may rotate so as to rotate the belt  121 . 
     The base material M may be transported from the input part  110  to the moving part  120 . The base material M may be seated on the belt  121 . In particular, the base material M may be arranged so as to correspond to an opening  121 OP. The measuring part  160  may observe the base material M so that the base material M may be induced to be seated on the opening  121 OP. Thus, the position of the base material M may not be changed relative to the belt  121 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 7 , the driving portion  123  may operate in such a way that the base material M may be arranged in a preset position. The base material M may be arranged on a bottom surface of the polishing head  140 . 
     In an embodiment, the operation of the driving portion  123  may be stopped so that the position of the base material M may be fixed. Subsequently, a first polishing driving portion  144 A and a second polishing driving portion  144 B may operate so that the polishing head  140  may make a linear motion and a surface of the base material M may be polished. In another embodiment, a surface of the base material M may be polished in a state in which the operation of the driving portion  123  may be maintained. A surface of the base material M may be polished while the base material M moves along a certain path (for example, an x-direction). 
     While polishing may be performed or before polishing may be performed, a polish P may be supplied to one surface of the base material M. The polish P may be supplied in various manners. For example, the polish P may be supplied to the base material M through the polishing head  140 . In detail, the polish P may be supplied from the outside through a flow path formed inside the polishing head  140 . A hole, through which the polish P may be supplied, may be formed in the polishing pad  143 . In another example, the polish P may also be supplied to one surface of the base material M through a polish supplying portion  180  separately provided for each polishing head  140 . The polish supplying portion  180  may be provided in the shape of a nozzle. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the case where the polish supplying portion  180  may be separately provided from the polishing head  140  and the polish P may be supplied to the base material M before the polishing head  140  operates will be described in detail. 
     The polish P may include deionized water (DIW), a surfactant, and a slurry. 
     Referring to  FIG. 8 , polishing on one surface of the base material M may be finished so that the base material M may be transported to a transport part  150 . The measuring part  160  may check the position of the base material M so that the driving portion  123  and a transport driving portion  153  may be induced to interlock with each other. 
     Also, the surface of the belt  121  may be cleaned. In detail, polish P that remains on the surface of the belt  121  may be removed. In an embodiment, a cleaning portion  126  may include a third roller  126   a , a third driving portion  126   b , a third spacing adjusting portion  126   c , a first cleaning roller  126   d , and a second cleaning roller  126   e . The first cleaning roller  126   d  may clean the surface of the belt  121 . The second cleaning roller  126   e  may be connected to the first cleaning roller  126   d  so as to adsorb the polish P adsorbed onto the first cleaning roller  126   d . The first cleaning roller  126   d  and the second cleaning roller  126   e  may rotate in different directions. In another embodiment, the cleaning portion  126  may include the fixing roller  126   a - 1 , the cleaning container  126   b - 1 , the cleaning adjusting portion  126   c - 1 , and the cleaning solution removal portion  126   d - 1 , which are shown in  FIG. 5A , and may clean the belt  121 . In another embodiment, as shown in  FIG. 5B , the belt  121  may penetrate the cleaning portion  126 - 2 , and the cleaning portion  126 - 2  may clean the belt  121 . 
     In an embodiment, the apparatus  100  for manufacturing a display device may include the meandering prevention portion  124  so as to precisely adjust the belt  121  on which the base material M may be seated. Thus, a surface of the base material M may be uniformly flat. 
       FIG. 9  is a schematic plan view schematically illustrating a display device manufactured by the apparatus for manufacturing a display device according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG. 9 , a display device  1  may include a display area DA, in which an image may be realized, and a non-display area NDA, in which no image may be realized. The display device  1  may provide an image by using light emitted from pixels PX arranged in the display area DA. Each of the pixels PX may emit red, green, blue, or white light. 
     The display device  1  that may be a device for displaying an image may be a portable mobile device, such as a game console, a multimedia device, a tiny personal computer (PC). The display device  1  that will be described later may include a liquid crystal display (LCD) device, an electrophoretic display device, an organic light-emitting display device, an inorganic electroluminescent (EL) display device, a field emission display device, a surface-conduction electron-emitter display device, a quantum dot display device, a plasma display device, or a cathode ray display device. Hereinafter, the display device  1  manufactured by an apparatus for manufacturing a display device according to an embodiment will be described as an example of an organic light-emitting display device. However, manufacturing of a display device in various manners described above may be described in embodiments. 
     The pixels PX may be electrically connected to each of a scan line SL and a data line DLn. The scan line SL may extend in the x-direction, and the data line DLn may extend in the y-direction. 
       FIG. 10  is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a display device manufactured by the apparatus for manufacturing a display device according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG. 10 , a display layer DL and a thin-film encapsulation layer TFE may be arranged on a substrate  10 . The display layer DL may include a pixel circuit layer PCL and a display element layer DEL. 
     The substrate  10  may include glass or polymer resin, such as polyethersulfone, polyarylate, polyetherimide, polyethylene naphthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, polyimide, PC, TAC, cellulose acetate propionate, or a combination thereof. 
     A barrier layer (not shown) may be further arranged between the display layer DL and the substrate  10 . The barrier layer that may be a barrier layer for preventing penetration of external foreign substances may have a single layer or multi-layer structure including an inorganic material, such as silicon nitride (SiN x ) (where x&gt;0) or silicon oxide (SiO x ) (where x&gt;0). 
     The pixel circuit layer PCL may be arranged on the substrate  10 .  FIG. 10  illustrates that the pixel circuit layer PCL includes a thin-film transistor TFT, a buffer layer  11 , a first gate insulating layer  13   a , a second gate insulating layer  13   b , an interlayer insulating layer  15 , and a planarization insulating layer  17 , which may be arranged under and/or on components of the thin-film transistor TFT. 
     The buffer layer  11  may include inorganic insulating materials, such as silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, and silicon oxide, and may have a single layer or multi-layer structure including the inorganic insulating materials described above. 
     The thin-film transistor TFT may include a semiconductor layer  12 , and the semiconductor layer  12  may include polysilicon. As another example, the semiconductor layer  12  may include amorphous silicon, an oxide semiconductor, or an organic semiconductor. The semiconductor layer  12  may include a channel region  12   c , and a drain region  12   a  and a source region  12   b , which may be arranged at both sides of the channel region  12   c . A gate electrode  14  may overlap the channel region  12   c.    
     The gate electrode  14  may include a low resistance metallic material. The gate electrode  14  may include conductive materials including molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), titanium (Ti), or a combination thereof, and may have a multi-layer or single layer structure including the materials described above. 
     The first gate insulating layer  13   a  between the semiconductor layer  12  and the gate electrode  14  may include an inorganic insulating material, such as silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), silicon nitride (SiN x ), silicon oxynitride (SiON), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 5 ), hafnium oxide (HfO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO 2 ), or a combination thereof. 
     The second gate insulating layer  13   b  may be provided to cover the gate electrode  14 . The second gate insulating layer  13   b  may include an inorganic insulating material, such as, silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), silicon nitride (SiN x ), silicon oxynitride (SiON), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 5 ), hafnium oxide (HfO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO 2 ), or a combination thereof, similarly to the first gate insulating layer  13   a.    
     An upper electrode Cst 2  of a storage capacitor Cst may be arranged on the second gate insulating layer  13   b . The upper electrode Cst 2  may overlap the gate electrode  14  thereunder. The gate electrode  14  and the upper electrode Cst 2  that overlap each other with the second gate insulating layer  13   b  therebetween may form the storage capacitor Cst. For example, the gate electrode  14  may function as a lower electrode Cst 1  of the storage capacitor Cst. 
     In this way, the storage capacitor Cst and the thin-film transistor TFT may overlap each other. In some embodiments, the storage capacitor Cst may not overlap the thin-film transistor TFT. 
     The upper electrode Cst 2  may include Al, platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), silver (Ag), magnesium (Mg), gold (Au), nickel (Ni), neodymium (Nd), iridium (Ir), chromium (Cr), calcium (Ca), Mo, Ti, tungsten (W), and/or Cu and may have a single layer or multi-layer structure including the materials described above. 
     The interlayer insulating layer  15  may cover the upper electrode Cst 2 . The interlayer insulating layer  15  may include silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), silicon nitride (SiN x ), silicon oxynitride (SiON), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 5 ), hafnium oxide (HfO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO 2 ), or a combination thereof. The interlayer insulating layer  15  may have a single layer or multi-layer structure including the inorganic insulating materials described above. 
     Each of a drain electrode  16   a  and a source electrode  16   b  may be arranged on the interlayer insulating layer  15 . The drain electrode  16   a  and the source electrode  16   b  may include materials having good conductivity. The drain electrode  16   a  and the source electrode  16   b  may include conductive materials including Mo, Al, Cu, Ti, or a combination thereof, and may have a multi-layer or single layer structure including the materials described above. In an embodiment, the drain electrode  16   a  and the source electrode  16   b  may have a multi-layer structure of Ti/Al/Ti. 
     The planarization insulating layer  17  may have a single layer or multi-layer structure including layers formed of organic materials or inorganic materials. In case that the planarization insulating layer  17  includes organic materials, the planarization insulating layer  17  may include general-purpose polymer, such as polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or polystyrene (PS), a polymer derivative having a phenol-based group, acryl-based polymer, imide-based polymer, aryl ether-based polymer, amide-based polymer, fluorine-based polymer, p-xylene-based polymer, vinyl alcohol-based polymer, or a blend thereof. On the other hand, in case that the planarization insulating layer  17  includes inorganic materials, the planarization insulating layer  17  may include silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), silicon nitride (SiN x ), silicon oxynitride (SiON), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 5 ), hafnium oxide (HfO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO 2 ), or a combination thereof. After the planarization insulating layer  17  may be formed, a polishing process may be performed so as to provide a flat top surface. 
     A display element layer DEL may be arranged on the pixel circuit layer PCL having the structure described above. The display element layer DEL may include an organic light-emitting diode OLED, and a pixel electrode  21  of the organic light-emitting diode OLED may be electrically connected to the thin-film transistor TFT via a contact hole of the planarization insulating layer  17 . 
     The pixels PX may include the organic light-emitting diode OLED and the thin-film transistor TFT. Each of the pixels PX may emit red, green, or blue light, or red, green, blue, or white light, for example, from the organic light-emitting diode OLED. 
     The pixel electrode  21  may include conductive oxide, such as indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), zinc oxide (ZnO), indium oxide (In 2 O 3 ), indium gallium oxide (IGO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), or a combination thereof. In another embodiment, the pixel electrode  21  may include a reflective layer including Ag, Mg, Al, Pt, Pd, gold (Au), nickel (Ni), neodymium (Nd), Ir, Cr, or a compound thereof. In another embodiment, the pixel electrode  21  may further include a layer formed of ITO, IZO, ZnO, or In 2 O 3  on/under the above-described reflective layer. 
     A pixel-defining layer  19  having an opening  19 OP for exposing the center of the pixel electrode  21  may be arranged on the pixel electrode  21 . The pixel-defining layer  19  may include organic insulating materials and/or inorganic insulating materials. The opening  19 OP may define an emission area EA of light emitted from the organic light-emitting diode OLED. For example, the width of the opening  19 OP may correspond to the width of the emission area EA. 
     A light-emitting layer  22  may be arranged on the opening  19 OP of the pixel-defining layer  19 . The light-emitting layer  22  may include polymer or small molecular weight organic materials that emit light of certain colors. 
     Although not shown, a first functional layer and a second functional layer may be arranged under and on the light-emitting layer  22 , respectively. The first functional layer may include a hole transport layer (HTL) or an HTL or a hole injection layer (HIL), for example. The second functional layer that may be a component arranged on the light-emitting layer  22  may be optional. The second functional layer may include an electron transport layer (ETL) and/or an electron injection layer (EIL). The first functional layer and/or the second functional layer may be a common layer formed to entirely cover the substrate  10 , like a common electrode  23  that will be described later. 
     The common electrode  23  may include conductive materials having a small work function. For example, the common electrode  23  may include a (semi-) transparent layer including Ag, magnesium (Mg), Al, Pt, Pd, Au, Ni, Nd, Ir, Cr, lithium (Li), calcium (Ca), or an alloy thereof. As another example, common electrode  23  may further include a layer, such as ITO, IZO, ZnO, or In 2 O 3 , on the (semi-)transparent layer including the materials described above. 
     In an embodiment, the thin-film encapsulation layer TFE may include at least one inorganic encapsulation layer and at least one organic encapsulation layer. In an embodiment,  FIG. 10  illustrates that the thin-film encapsulation layer TFE includes a first inorganic encapsulation layer  31 , an organic encapsulation layer  32 , and a second inorganic encapsulation layer  33 , which may be sequentially stacked on each other. 
     The first inorganic encapsulation layer  31  and the second inorganic encapsulation layer  33  may include one or more inorganic materials from among aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, tantalum oxide, hafnium oxide, zinc oxide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and silicon oxynitride. The organic encapsulation layer  32  may include polymer-based materials. The polymer-based materials may include acryl-based resin, epoxy-based resin, polyimide, polyethylene, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the organic encapsulation layer  32  may include acrylate. 
     In another embodiment, the thin-film encapsulation TFE may have a structure in which the substrate  10  and an upper substrate that may be a transparent member may be combined with each other by using a sealing member and thus an internal space between the substrate  10  and the upper substrate may be sealed. An absorbent or filling material may be deposited in the internal space. The sealing member may be a sealant. In another embodiment, the sealing member may include a material cured by laser. For example, the sealing member may be frit. In detail, the sealing member may include urethane-based resin, epoxy-based resin, acryl-based resin, or a combination thereof that may be an organic sealant, or silicon that may be an inorganic sealant. The urethane-based resin may include urethane acrylate, for example. The acryl-based resin may include butylacrylate, ethylhexyl acrylate, or a combination thereof. The sealing member may include a material cured by heat. 
     A touch electrode layer (not shown) including touch electrodes may be arranged on the thin-film encapsulation layer TFE, and an optical functional layer (not shown) may be arranged on the touch electrode layer. The touch electrode layer may attain coordinate information according to an external input, for example, a touch event. The optical functional layer may reduce reflectivity of light (external light) incident toward the display device  1  from the outside and/or may enhance color purity of light emitted from the display device  1 . In an embodiment, the optical functional layer may include a phase retarder and a polarizer. The phase retarder may be of a film type or liquid crystal coating type and may include a λ/2 phase retarder and/or a λ/4 phase retarder. The polarizer may also be of a film type or liquid crystal coating type. The film type may include an elongation-type synthetic resin film, and the liquid crystal coating type may include liquid crystals arranged in a certain arrangement. The phase retarder and the polarizer may further include a protective film. 
     In another embodiment, the optical functional layer may include a black matrix and color filters. The color filters may be arranged considering a color of light emitted from each of the pixels of the display device  1 . Each of the color filters may include red, green, or blue pigment or dye. As another example, each of the color filters may further include quantum dots in addition to the pigment or dye described above. As another example, part of the color filters may not include the pigment or dye described above and may include scattering particles such as titanium oxide. 
     In another embodiment, the optical functional layer may include a destructive interference structure. The destructive interference structure may include a first reflective layer and a second reflective layer arranged on different layers. First reflected light and second reflected light reflected from the first reflective layer and the second reflective layer, respectively, may interfere destructively, and thus, reflectivity of external light may be reduced. 
     An adhesion member may be arranged between the touch electrode layer and the optical function layer. A general adhesion member known in the art may be employed without limitation. The adhesion member may include a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA). 
     As described above, in embodiments, a belt, on which a base material may be seated, may be precisely adjusted by using a meandering prevention portion. Thus, an apparatus for manufacturing a display device having high reliability may be provided. 
     Also, a method of manufacturing a display device, whereby a polishing process having high reliability may be performed when the display device may be manufactured, may be provided. 
     It should be understood that embodiments described herein should be considered in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Descriptions of features or aspects within each embodiment should typically be considered as available for other similar features or aspects in other embodiments. While one or more embodiments have been described with reference to the figures, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope as defined by the following claims, including any equivalents.