Patent Publication Number: US-9904133-B2

Title: Liquid crystal display

Description:
This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2013-0078063 filed on Jul. 3, 2013, and all the benefits accruing therefrom under 35 U.S.C. § 119, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
     BACKGROUND 
     (a) Field 
     The invention relates to a liquid crystal display. 
     (b) Description of the Related Art 
     A liquid crystal display is one of flat panel displays most widely used and includes a display device that rearranges liquid crystal molecules of a liquid crystal layer by applying voltages to electrodes so as to control an amount of transmitted light. 
     The liquid crystal display has an advantage of easily being thinned, but has a disadvantage of having low side visibility in comparison with front visibility. Accordingly, a method of arranging and driving liquid crystals in various methods in order to overcome the disadvantage has been developed. As a method of realizing an optical viewing angle, the liquid crystal display in which a pixel electrode and a common electrode are formed on one substrate is spotlighted. 
     A driver of the liquid crystal display is directly mounted to a display panel in a form of a plurality of integrated circuit (“IC”) chips or is mounted to the display panel by being mounted to a flexible circuit film or the like, and the IC chips account for a large percentage of manufacturing costs of the liquid crystal display. Particularly, as the number of data lines applying data voltages becomes larger, costs of the driver of the liquid crystal display become higher. 
     SUMMARY 
     The invention has been made in an effort to provide a liquid crystal display which can repair bad pixels while effectively preventing aperture ratio deterioration of the liquid crystal display and effectively reduce the number of data lines while effectively reducing a signal delay of a common voltage line so as to effectively reduce costs of a driver of the liquid crystal display. 
     An exemplary embodiment of the invention provides a liquid crystal display including an insulation substrate, a gate line and a data line disposed on the insulation substrate, a repair pattern disposed on the insulation substrate, a first passivation layer disposed on the gate line, the data line and the repair pattern, and a pixel electrode and a common electrode disposed on the first passivation layer and overlapping each other with a second passivation layer therebetween, wherein the repair pattern overlaps the pixel electrode. 
     The liquid crystal display may further include a common voltage line disposed on the insulation substrate, wherein the repair pattern extends from the common voltage line. 
     The common voltage line and the repair pattern may be in a same layer with a layer of the data line. 
     The common voltage line may be disposed between two data lines neighboring each other and extends in a direction substantially parallel to the two data lines. 
     Two pixel electrodes may be disposed between the two data lines neighboring each other. 
     The repair pattern may be disposed at a part adjacent to an edge of the pixel electrode and adjacent to the gate line. 
     One of the pixel electrode and the common electrode may have a planar shape and the other one may include a plurality of branch electrodes, and the repair pattern may not overlap the plurality of branch electrodes. 
     The repair pattern may be disposed at a center part of the pixel electrode. 
     The repair pattern may overlap the common electrode. 
     The repair pattern may be in a same layer as that of the gate line. 
     According to the liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, it is possible to repair the bad pixel while effectively preventing aperture ratio deterioration of the liquid crystal display and effectively reduce the number of data lines while effectively reducing a signal delay of the common voltage line, so as to effectively reduce costs of a driver of the liquid crystal display. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The above and other aspects, advantages and features of the disclosure will become more apparent by describing in further detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: 
         FIG. 1  illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a pixel arrangement of a liquid crystal display according to the invention. 
         FIG. 2  is a plan view of an exemplary embodiment of a liquid crystal display according to the invention; 
         FIG. 3  is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display taken along line III-III of  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display taken along line IV-IV of  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 5  is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display taken along line V-V of  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 6  is a plan view of another exemplary embodiment of a liquid crystal display according to the invention; 
         FIG. 7  is a plan view of a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 8  is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display taken along line VIII-VIII of  FIG. 7 ; 
         FIG. 9  is a plan view of another exemplary embodiment of a liquid crystal display according to the invention; 
         FIG. 10  is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display taken along line X-X of  FIG. 9 ; 
         FIG. 11  is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display taken along line XI-XI of  FIG. 9 ; 
         FIG. 12  is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display taken along line XII-XII of  FIG. 9 ; 
         FIG. 13  is a plan view of another exemplary embodiment of a liquid crystal display according to the invention; 
         FIG. 14  is a plan view of another exemplary embodiment of a liquid crystal display according to the invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     A bad pixel among a plurality of pixels of a liquid crystal display may have a problem such as an electrical short circuit of a signal line on the pixel. A repair method of applying a common voltage to a pixel electrode to display the pixel electrode as black for the bad pixel is provided. In such a repair process, when two transparent electric field generating electrodes are connected to each other without disposing any repair pattern therebetween, the electric field generating electrodes may be disconnected. Further, when a repair pattern for connecting the electric field generating electrodes is disposed between the electric field generating electrodes to prevent the disconnection of the electric field generating electrodes, an aperture ratio of the liquid crystal display is reduced. 
     The invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown. As those skilled in the art would realize, the described exemplary embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. 
     In the drawings, the thickness of layers, films, panels, regions, etc., are exaggerated for clarity. Like reference numerals designate like elements throughout the specification. It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being “on” another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being “directly on” another element, there are no intervening elements present. 
     It will be understood that, although the terms “first,” “second,” “third” etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section. Thus, “a first element,” “component,” “region,” “layer” or “section” discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings herein. 
     The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms, including “at least one,” unless the content clearly indicates otherwise. “Or” means “and/or.” As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” and/or “comprising,” or “includes” and/or “including” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. 
     Furthermore, relative terms, such as “lower” or “bottom” and “upper” or “top,” may be used herein to describe one element&#39;s relationship to another element as illustrated in the Figures. It will be understood that relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in addition to the orientation depicted in the Figures. For example, if the device in one of the figures is turned over, elements described as being on the “lower” side of other elements would then be oriented on “upper” sides of the other elements. The exemplary term “lower,” can therefore, encompasses both an orientation of “lower” and “upper,” depending on the particular orientation of the figure. Similarly, if the device in one of the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements would then be oriented “above” the other elements. The exemplary terms “below” or “beneath” can, therefore, encompass both an orientation of above and below. 
     “About” or “approximately” as used herein is inclusive of the stated value and means within an acceptable range of deviation for the particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art, considering the measurement in question and the error associated with measurement of the particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, “about” can mean within one or more standard deviations, or within ±30%, 20%, 10%, 5% of the stated value. 
     Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the present disclosure, and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein. 
     Exemplary embodiments are described herein with reference to cross section illustrations that are schematic illustrations of idealized embodiments. As such, variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, for example, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, are to be expected. Thus, embodiments described herein should not be construed as limited to the particular shapes of regions as illustrated herein but are to include deviations in shapes that result, for example, from manufacturing. For example, a region illustrated or described as flat may, typically, have rough and/or nonlinear features. Moreover, sharp angles that are illustrated may be rounded. Thus, the regions illustrated in the figures are schematic in nature and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the precise shape of a region and are not intended to limit the scope of the present claims. 
     First, layouts of signal lines and pixels of a liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to  FIG. 1 .  FIG. 1  illustrates layouts of signal lines and pixels of a liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. 
     Referring to  FIG. 1 , the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment of the invention includes a plurality of display signal lines G 1  to G( 2   n ) and D 1  to Dm and a plurality of pixels PX connected with the display signal lines and arranged substantially in a form of a matrix. 
     The display signal lines G 1  to G( 2   n ) and D 1  to Dm include a plurality of gate lines G 1  to G( 2   n ) transmitting gate signals (also referred to as “scanning signals”) and the data lines D 1  to Dm (also referred to as “data signal lines”) transmitting data signals. The gate lines G 1  to G( 2   n ) substantially parallel to each other extend substantially in a row direction, and the data lines D 1  to Dm substantially parallel to each other extend substantially in a column direction. 
     A pair of gate lines G( 2   i −1) and G( 2   i ) (i=1, 2 . . . n) is respectively disposed above and below the pixels PX of one row and connected to the pixel, and each of the data lines Dj (j=1, 2 . . . m) is disposed between the pixels PX of two columns and connected to the left and right pixels PX. More specifically, the pixels PX of one row are connected to the adjacent data lines D 1  to Dm and alternately connected to a pair of the adjacent gate lines G( 2   i −1) and G( 2   i ). The pixels PX of one column are connected to the adjacent data lines Dj and the same gate lines of the two adjacent gate lines G( 2   i −1) to G( 2   i ). In an exemplary embodiment, among the pixels PX of one column connected to one of the data lines D 1  to Dm, pixels PX disposed at a left side of the data line are connected to the upper gate lines (e.g., G 1 , G 3 , G 5 , . . . ), and pixels PX disposed at the right side are connected the lower gate lines (e.g., G 2 , G 4 , G 6 , . . . ), for example. In other words, in each pixel row, (2k−1)-th pixels (k=1, 2 . . . m) are connected to the (2i−1)-th gate line G( 2   i −1) and the k-th data line Dk, and 2k-th pixels (k=1, 2 . . . m) are connected to the 2i-th gate line G( 2   i ) and the k-th data line Dk. Unlike the illustrated exemplary embodiment, in each pixel row, (2k−1)-th pixels (k=1, 2 . . . m) may be connected to the 2i-th gate line G( 2   i ) and the k-th data line Dk, and 2k-th pixels may be connected to the (2i−1)-th gate line G( 2   i −1) and the k-th data line Dk. 
     Through the above illustrated layout, number of data lines can be effectively reduced to half the number of the pixel columns and costs of the data driver can be effectively reduced, and accordingly, manufacturing costs of the liquid crystal display can be effectively reduced. 
     Then, a liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to  FIGS. 2 to 5 .  FIG. 2  is a plan view of a liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention,  FIG. 3  is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display taken along line III-III of  FIG. 2 ,  FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display taken along line IV-IV of  FIG. 2 , and  FIG. 5  is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display taken along line V-V of  FIG. 2 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 2 to 5 , the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment of the invention includes a lower display panel  100  and an upper display panel  200  facing each other, and a liquid crystal layer  3  injected between the two display panels  100  and  200 . 
     The lower display panel  100  will be described below. 
     A plurality of gate lines  121   a  and  121   b  is disposed on a first insulation substrate  110 . The gate lines  121   a  and  121   b  are disposed for each pixel row, and include the first gate line  121   a  disposed at an upper side along the pixel row and the second gate line  121   b  disposed at a lower side along the pixel row. The first gate line  121   a  is disposed close to the second gate line  121   b  disposed on an adjacent previous pixel row, and the second gate line  121   b  is disposed close to the first gate line  121   a  disposed on an adjacent next pixel row. Accordingly, the first gate line  121   a  and the second gate line  121   b  which are disposed on the present pixel row are paired with the second gate line  121   b  and the first gate line  121   a  which are disposed on an adjacent pixel row and disposed between pixel rows. 
     The first gate line  121   a  includes a first gate electrode  124   a , and the second gate line  121   b  includes a second gate electrode  124   b . The first gate line  121   a  includes a first vertical part  122   a , and the second gate line  121   b  includes a second vertical part  122   b.    
     A gate insulating layer  140  is disposed on the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b.    
     A first semiconductor  154   a  and a second semiconductor  154   b  are disposed on the gate insulating layer  140 . A plurality of ohmic contacts  163  and  165  is disposed on semiconductors  154   a  and  154   b.    
     A data conductor including a plurality of data lines  171   a  and  171   b , a plurality of drain electrodes  175   a  and  175   b , a plurality of common voltage lines  131  and a plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  includes the ohmic contacts  163  and  165 . 
     The data lines  171   a  and  171   b  transmit data signals and substantially extend in a vertical direction to cross the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b . The data lines  171   a  and  171   b  include the first data line  171   a  and the second data line  171   b  disposed with two pixel electrodes  191  therebetween. 
     Each of the data lines  171   a  and  171   b  is disposed for each of the two pixel columns, and the data lines  171   a  and  171   b  are alternately connected with the pixel electrode  191  of the pixel disposed at a left side and a right side of the data lines  171   a  and  171   b  along the pixel column. As described above, each of the data lines  171   a  and  171   b  is connected with the two pixel electrodes  191  disposed on two pixel columns along the pixel column to apply the data voltage, thereby effectively reducing the number of data lines  171   a  and  171   b  in half. Accordingly, it is possible to effectively reduce costs of the liquid crystal display. 
     The first data line  171   a  includes a first source electrode  173   a  extending toward the first gate electrode  124   a , and the second data line  171   b  includes a second source electrode  173   b  extending toward the second gate electrode  124   b.    
     The first drain electrode  175   a  includes an end part facing the first source electrode  173   a  based on the first gate electrode  124   a , and the other end part having a large area. 
     The second drain electrode  175   b  includes an end part facing the second source electrode  173   b  based on the second gate electrode  124   b , and the other end part having a large area. 
     The common voltage line  131  is disposed between the two data lines  171   a  and  171   b  and extends in substantially parallel to the data lines  171   a  and  171   b . The common voltage line  131  includes a plurality of extension portions  135 . The extension portion  135  of the common voltage line  131  is disposed between the vertical parts  122   a  and  122   b  of the first gate line  121   a  and the second gate line  121   b.    
     As described above, an area provided by the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b  and the extension portion  135  of the common voltage line  131  can be effectively reduced by arranging the extension portion  135  of the common voltage line  131  between the vertical parts  122   a  and  122   b  of the first gate line  121   a  and the second gate line  121   b.    
     A portion of the plurality of extension portions  135  of the common voltage lines  131  overlaps a contact hole  184  described below and a portion of the plurality of extension portions  135  overlaps a spacer  325  described below. 
     The plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  protrudes from the common voltage line  131 . The plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  overlaps the pixel electrode  191  and a common electrode  270  described below. 
     The plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  is disposed close to the second gate line  121   b , and thus disposed at a peripheral edge part of a pixel area. 
     A first passivation layer  180   a  is disposed on the data conductors including the data lines  171   a  and  171   b , the drain electrodes  175   a  and  175   b  and the common voltage lines  131 , an exposed portion of the semiconductors  154   a  and  154   b  and the pixel electrode  191 . The first passivation layer  180   a  may include an organic insulating material or an inorganic insulating material. 
     An organic layer  80  is disposed on the first passivation layer  180   a . The organic layer  80  is thicker than the first passivation layer  180   a , and may have a flat surface. 
     The organic layer  80  may be omitted in a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention. The organic layer  80  may be a color filter in a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention. In this case, the liquid crystal display may further include a layer disposed on the organic layer  80 . In an exemplary embodiment, the liquid crystal display may further include a capping layer that is disposed on the color filter to effectively prevent a pigment of the color filter from being injected into a liquid crystal layer, and the capping layer may include an insulating material such as silicon nitride (SiNx), for example. 
     A first contact hole  184  exposing an extension portion  135  of the common voltage line  131  and a second contact hole  185  exposing a part of the drain electrodes  175   a  and  175   b  are defined on the first passivation layer  180   a  and the organic layer  80 . 
     In the liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the first contact hole  184  exposing the common voltage line  131  does not overlap the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b . The extension portion  135  of the common voltage line  131  exposed by the first contact hole  184  also may not overlap the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b.    
     As described above, by defining the first contact hole  184  exposing the common voltage line  131  to be separated from the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b , a short circuit between the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b  and the common voltage line  131  due to penetration of static electricity generated during a process of defining the first contact hole  184  into the gate insulating layer  140  can be effectively prevented. 
     Further, by providing the extension portion  135  of the common voltage line  131  not to overlap the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b , a step may not be provided on the extension portion  135  of the common voltage line  131 , and thus the first contact hole  184  may be symmetrically provided without a height difference according to a position. Accordingly, it is possible to enhance reliability of a physical and electrical connection between the common voltage line  131  and the common electrode  270  connected to each other through the first contact hole  184 . 
     The pixel electrode  191  is disposed on the first passivation layer  180   a . The pixel electrode  191  may have a planar shape which occupies most of one pixel area. A total shape of the pixel electrode  191  may be a polygon having sides substantially parallel to the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b , the data line  171   a  or  171   b , and the common voltage line  131 . The pixel electrode  191  may include a transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide (“ITO”) or indium zinc oxide (“IZO”). 
     The pixel electrode  191  is physically and electrically connected with the drain electrode  175  through the second contact hole  185  to receive a data voltage. 
     A second passivation layer  180   b  is disposed on the pixel electrode  191 . The second passivation layer  180   b  may include an organic insulating material or an inorganic insulating material. 
     The common electrode  270  is disposed on the second passivation layer  180   b . The common electrode  270  includes a plurality of first branch electrodes  271  and the branch electrodes is connected with the common electrode  270  disposed on a neighboring pixel. 
     The common electrode  270  is physically and electrically connected with the common voltage line  131  through the first contact hole  184  disposed on the first passivation layer  180   a  and receives a common voltage from the common voltage line  131 . 
     The pixel electrode  191  having received the data voltage generates an electric field in the liquid crystal layer  3  together with the common electrode  270  having received the common voltage. 
     The plurality of first branch electrodes  271  of the common electrode  270  overlaps the pixel electrode  191  having a planar shape. 
     Then, the upper display panel  200  will be described. A light blocking member  220  is disposed on a second insulation substrate  210 . A plurality of color filters  230  is also disposed on the second insulation substrate  210 . Most of the color filters  230  may exist within an area surrounded by the light blocking member  220 . 
     In a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention, the organic layer  80  disposed on the lower display panel  100  may be the color filter, and the color filter  230  may not be disposed on the upper display panel  200 . In this case, the light blocking member  220  also may be disposed on the lower display panel  100 , not on the upper display panel  200 . 
     An overcoat  250  is disposed on the color filter  230  and the light blocking member  220 . The overcoat  250  may include an (organic) insulating material, and effectively prevents the color filter  230  from being exposed and provides a flat surface. The overcoat  250  may be omitted. 
     A spacer  325  is disposed between the lower display panel  100  and the upper display panel  200 . The spacer  325  is disposed at a position overlapping a part of the plurality of extension portions  135  of the common voltage line  131 . 
     The first contact hole  184  for the electrical connection between the common voltage line  131  and the common electrode  270  is not disposed on a portion of the plurality of extension portions  135  of the common voltage line  131  which overlap the spacer  325 . 
     As described above, by not defining a common contact hole for the electrical connection between the common voltage line  131  and the common electrode  270  at a position where the spacer  325  is disposed, a step of a lower part of the spacer  325  is effectively reduced, thereby assisting in a stable disposition of the spacer  325 . Further, by providing the spacer  325  not to overlap the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b , the step of a lower layer of the spacer  325  is effectively reduced, thereby assisting in the stable disposition of the spacer  325 . 
     In the liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment, a portion of the plurality of extension portions  135  of the common voltage line  131  of the liquid crystal display overlaps the first contact hole  184  for the electrical connection between the common voltage line  131  and the common electrode  270 , and a portion of the extension portions  135  overlap the spacer  325 . Further, by not defining the common contact hole for the electrical connection between the common voltage line  131  and the common electrode  270  at the position where the spacer  325  is disposed, the step of the lower part of the spacer  325  is effectively reduced, thereby assisting in the stable disposition of the spacer  325 . In addition, by providing the spacer  325  not to overlap the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b , the step of the lower layer of the spacer  325  is effectively reduced, thereby assisting in the stable disposition of the spacer  325 . 
     In the liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment, by disposing the spacer  325  for maintaining an interval between the lower display panel  100  and the upper display panel  200  at a position overlapping a portion of the plurality of extension portions  135  of the common voltage line  131 , it is not required to effectively prevent a light leakage of an area where the spacer  325  is disposed by using a separate light blocking member, thereby effectively preventing deterioration of an aperture ratio of the liquid crystal display. 
     The liquid crystal layer  3  between the lower display panel  100  and the upper display panel  200  includes a liquid crystal molecule (not shown), and the liquid crystal molecule may be oriented such that a long axis thereof is substantially parallel to surfaces of the two display panels  100  and  200  in a state where there is no electric field. 
     The first repair patterns  31   a  of the liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention will be described in more detail with reference to  FIG. 4 . 
     The plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  protrudes from the common voltage line  131 . The plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  overlaps the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270  in a first area A. 
     When bad pixels among a plurality of pixels, are generated during a process of manufacturing the liquid crystal display and thus a desired image display is not possible, the common voltage is applied to the pixel electrode  191  to display the bad pixel as black so that the bad pixels are not easily viewed. 
     For the repair of the bad pixels, by applying the common voltage to the pixel electrode  191 , the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270  which overlap each other with the second passivation layer  180   b  therebetween are required to be short circuited. 
     For the short circuit, the second passivation layer  180   b  disposed between the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270  is removed by using a laser, and the common electrode  270  disposed at a relatively upper part is connected with the pixel electrode  191  disposed at a relatively lower part by melting the common electrode  270 . However, when the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270  overlap each other with the second passivation layer  180   b  therebetween, the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270  respectively include a relatively thin transparent conductor. Accordingly, when the second passivation layer  180   b  disposed between the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270  is removed, the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270  may be removed together with the second passivation layer  180   b.    
     The liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention includes the plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  expanding from the common voltage line  131 . Since the plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  includes a metal which is relatively thicker than a transparent conductor and resists heat, the first repair patterns  31   a  are left without being removed when the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270  are short circuited by using a laser. Accordingly, the repair by applying the common voltage to the pixel electrode  191  of the bad pixel may be made by applying a laser to the first area A where the plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  is disposed and the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270  overlap each other and causing the short circuit between the common electrode  270  and the pixel electrode  191 , and the first repair patterns  31   a.    
     Further, as described above, the plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  is disposed close to the second gate line  121   b , and thus disposed in a peripheral edge part of the pixel area having relative low brightness. Accordingly, transmittance deterioration of the liquid crystal display may be effectively reduced in comparison with a case where the plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  is disposed on a center part of the pixel area having relatively high brightness. 
     It is preferable that the plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  has minimum sizes which can be repaired using laser, and a horizontal size and a vertical size of the plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  in a plan view may be, for example, about 3 micrometers (μm). 
     As described above, the liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention may include the plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  expanding from the common voltage line  131  to repair the generated bad pixels by making the short circuit between the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270 , which overlap each other with the second passivation layer  180   b  therebetween and include a relatively thin transparent conductor, and the first repair patterns  31   a . Further, transmittance deterioration of the liquid crystal display due to the first repair patterns  31   a  can be effectively prevented by defining the first repair patterns  31   a  at a peripheral edge area of the pixel area having relative low brightness. 
     In addition, the liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention may include the common voltage line  131  to effectively reduce a signal delay of the common voltage applied to the common electrode  270  and effectively reduce the number of data lines, thereby effectively reduce costs of a driver of the liquid crystal display. 
     The first repair patterns  31   a  of the liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment overlap the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270 , but the first repair patterns  31   a  may overlap the pixel electrode  191  and may not overlap the common electrode  270  in a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention. At this time, the first repair patterns  31   a  extend from the common voltage line  131  to receive the common voltage. Accordingly, when the bad pixel is generated, the repair can be made such that the pixel electrode  191  receives the common voltage through the short circuit between the pixel electrode  191  and the first repair patterns  31   a.    
     Then, a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to  FIG. 6 .  FIG. 6  is a plan view of a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention. 
     Referring to  FIG. 6 , the liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment is substantially similar to the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment described with reference to  FIGS. 2 to 5 . Detailed descriptions of the same components will be omitted. 
     The liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment includes a plurality of second repair patterns  31   b  disposed at a center part of the pixel area unlike the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment described with reference to  FIGS. 2 to 5 . The plurality of second repair patterns  31   b  may extend from the common voltage line  131 . 
     The plurality of second repair patterns  31   b  overlaps the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270 . 
     The plurality of second repair patterns  31   b  of the liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment overlaps the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270 , the plurality of second repair patterns  31   b  may overlap the pixel electrode  191  and may not overlap the common electrode  270  in a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention. At this time, the second repair patterns  31   b  extend from the common voltage line  131  to receive the common voltage. Accordingly, when the bad pixel is generated, the repair can be made such that the pixel electrode  191  receives the common voltage through the short circuit between the pixel electrode  191  and the second repair patterns  31   b.    
     The plurality of second repair patterns  31   b  is disposed at the center part of the pixel area, but disposed at an area which does not overlap the plurality of first branch electrodes  271  of the common electrode  270 . A part of the pixel area where the plurality of first branch electrodes  271  of the common electrode  270  is disposed is a relatively bright part. Accordingly, since the plurality of second repair patterns  31   b  is disposed at a relatively dark area, transmittance deterioration of the liquid crystal display due to the second repair patterns  31   b  can be effectively prevented. 
     Many characteristics of the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment described with reference to  FIGS. 1 and 2 to 5  are all applicable to the liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment described with reference to  FIG. 6 . 
     Then, a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to  FIGS. 7 and 8 .  FIG. 7  is a plan view of a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention, and  FIG. 8  is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display of  FIG. 7  taken along line VIII-VIII. 
     The liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment is substantially similar to the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment described with reference to  FIGS. 2 to 5 . Detailed descriptions of the same components will be omitted. 
     Unlike the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment described with reference to  FIGS. 2 to 5 , the liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment includes a plurality of third repair patterns  31   c  which is separated from the common voltage line  131  and in a same layer as that of the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b.    
     The third repair patterns  31   c  of the liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment are in the same layer as that of the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b , but the third repair patterns  31   c  may be in a same layer as that of the data line  171  in a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention. 
     The plurality of third repair patterns  31   c  overlaps the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270  in a second area B. 
     The plurality of third repair patterns  31   c  is disposed at a center part of the pixel area, but disposed at an area which does not overlap the plurality of first branch electrodes  271  of the common electrode  270 . A part of the pixel area where the plurality of first branch electrodes  271  of the common electrode  270  is disposed is a relatively bright part. Accordingly, since the plurality of third repair patterns  31   c  is disposed at a relatively dark area, transmittance deterioration of the liquid crystal display due to the third repair patterns  31   c  can be effectively prevented. 
     The plurality of third repair patterns  31   c  of the liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment is disposed at the center part of the pixel area, but the third repair patterns  31   c  may be disposed at a peripheral edge part of the pixel area having relatively low brightness in a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention. 
     Many characteristics of the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment described with reference to  FIGS. 1 and 2 to 5  are all applicable to the liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment described with reference to  FIGS. 7 and 8 . 
     Then, a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to  FIGS. 9 to 12 .  FIG. 9  is a plan view of a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention,  FIG. 10  is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display of  FIG. 9  taken along line X-X,  FIG. 11  is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display of  FIG. 9  taken along line XI-XI, and  FIG. 12  is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display of  FIG. 9  taken along line XII-XII. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 9 to 12 , the liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment is similar to the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment described with reference to  FIGS. 2 to 5 . 
     The liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention includes the lower display panel  100  and the upper display panel  200  which face each other, and the liquid crystal layer  3  injected between the two display panels  100  and  200 . 
     The lower display panel  100  will be described. 
     The plurality of gate lines  121   a  and  121   b  is disposed on the first insulation substrate  110 . The gate lines  121   a  and  121   b  are disposed on every one pixel row, and include the first gate line  121   a  disposed on an upper part along the pixel row and the second gate line  121   b  disposed on a lower part along the pixel row. The first gate line  121   a  is disposed close to the second gate line  121   b  disposed on an adjacent previous pixel row, and the second gate line  121   b  is disposed close to the first gate line  121   a  disposed on an adjacent next pixel row. Accordingly, the first gate line  121   a  and the second gate line  121   b  which are disposed on the present pixel row are paired with the second gate line  121   b  and the first gate line  121   a  which are disposed on an adjacent pixel row and disposed between pixel rows. 
     The first gate line  121   a  includes the first gate electrode  124   a , and the second gate line  121   b  includes the second gate electrode  124   b . The first gate line  121   a  includes the first vertical part  122   a , and the second gate line  121   b  includes the second vertical part  122   b.    
     The gate insulating layer  140  is disposed on the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b.    
     The first semiconductor  154   a  and the second semiconductor  154   b  are disposed on the gate insulating layer  140 . A plurality of ohmic contacts  163  and  165  is disposed on the semiconductors  154   a  and  154   b.    
     A data conductor including the plurality of data lines  171   a  and  171   b , the plurality of drain electrodes  175   a  and  175   b , the plurality of common voltage lines  131  and the plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  and  31   b  includes the ohmic contacts  163  and  165 . 
     The data lines  171   a  and  171   b  transmit data signals and extend in a substantially vertical direction to cross the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b . The data lines  171   a  and  171   b  include the first data line  171   a  and the second data line  171   b  disposed with two pixel electrodes  191  therebetween. 
     Each of the data lines  171   a  and  171   b  is disposed for each of the two pixel columns, and the data lines  171   a  and  171   b  are alternately connected with the pixel electrode  191  of the pixel disposed at a left side and a right side of the data lines  171   a  and  171   b  along the pixel column. As described above, each of the data lines  171   a  and  171   b  is connected with the two pixel electrodes  191  disposed on two pixel columns along the pixel column to apply the data voltage, thereby effectively reducing the number of data lines  171   a  and  171   b  in half. Accordingly, it is possible to effectively reduce costs of the liquid crystal display. 
     The first data line  171   a  include the first source electrode  173   a  extending toward the first gate electrode  124   a , and the second data line  171   b  includes the second source electrode  173   b  extending toward the second gate electrode  124   b.    
     The first drain electrode  175   a  includes an end part facing the first source electrode  173   a  based on the first gate electrode  124   a  and the other end part having a large area. 
     The second drain electrode  175   b  includes an end part facing the second source electrode  173   b  based on the second gate electrode  124   b , and the other end part having a large area. 
     The common voltage line  131  is disposed between the two data lines  171   a  and  171   b  and extends in substantially parallel to the data lines  171   a  and  171   b . The common voltage line  131  includes the plurality of extension portions  135 . The extension portion  135  of the common voltage line  131  is disposed between the vertical parts  122   a  and  122   b  of the first gate line  121   a  and the second gate line  121   b.    
     As described above, by disposing the extension portion  135  of the common voltage line  131  between the vertical parts  122   a  and  122   b  of the first gate line  121   a  and the second gate line  121   b , an area provided by the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b  and the extension portion  135  of the common voltage line  131  can be effectively reduced. 
     A portion of the plurality of extension portions  135  of the common voltage lines  131  overlaps the first contact hole  184  and a portion of the plurality of extension portions  135  overlaps the spacer  325 . 
     The plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  protrudes from the common voltage line  131 . The plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  overlaps the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270 . 
     The plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  is disposed close to the second gate line  121   b , and thus disposed at a peripheral edge part of the pixel area. 
     The first passivation layer  180   a  is disposed on the data conductor including the data lines  171   a  and  171   b , the drain electrodes  175   a  and  175   b  and the common voltage lines  131 , an exposed portion of the semiconductors  154   a  and  154   b  and the pixel electrode  191 . The first passivation layer  180   a  may include an organic insulating material or an inorganic insulating material. 
     The first contact hole  184  exposing the extension portion  135  of the common voltage line  131  is disposed on the first passivation layer  180   a    
     The first contact hole  184  exposing the common voltage line  131  does not overlap the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b . Also, the extension portion  135  of the common voltage line  131  on which the first contact hole  184  is defined may not overlap the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b.    
     As described above, by providing the first contact hole  184  exposing the common voltage line  131  to be separated from the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b , the short circuit between the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b  and the common voltage line  131  due to penetration of static electricity generated during a process of defining the first contact hole  184  into the gate insulating layer  140  can be effectively prevented. 
     Further, by providing the extension portion  135  of the common voltage line  131  not to overlap the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b , a step may not be provided on the extension portion  135  of the common voltage line  131 , and thus the first contact hole  184  may be symmetrically provided without a height difference according to a position. Accordingly, it is possible to enhance reliability of a physical and electrical connection between the common voltage line  131  and the common electrode  270  connected to each other through the first contact hole  184 . 
     The common electrode  270  is disposed on the first passivation layer  180   a . The common electrode  270  is disposed at an entire pixel area and may have a substantially planar shape. The common electrode  270  has an opening  273  defined at a part overlapping the drain electrode  175 . 
     The common electrode  270  is connected with the common voltage line  131  through the first contact hole  184  to receive the common voltage from the common voltage line  131 . 
     The common electrode  270  may include a transparent conductive material such as ITO or IZO. 
     The second passivation layer  180   b  is disposed on the common electrode  270 . 
     The second contact hole  185  exposing the drain electrode  175  is disposed on the second passivation layer  180   b  and the first passivation layer  180   a.    
     The pixel electrode  191  is disposed on the second passivation layer  180   b . The pixel electrode  191  includes a plurality of second branch electrodes  192 . 
     The pixel electrode  191  may include a transparent conductive material such as ITO or IZO. 
     The pixel electrode  191  is physically and electrically connected with the drain electrode  175  through the second contact hole  185  to receive the data voltage. 
     The pixel electrode  191  having received the data voltage generates an electric field in the liquid crystal layer  3  together with the common electrode  270  having received the common voltage. 
     The plurality of second branch electrodes  192  of the pixel electrode  191  overlaps the common electrode  270  having a substantially planar shape. 
     Then, the upper display panel  200  will be described. The light blocking member  220  is disposed on the second insulation substrate  210 . The plurality of color filters  230  is also disposed on the second insulation substrate  210 . Most of the color filters  230  may exist within an area surrounded by the light blocking member  220 . 
     In a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention, the color filter  230  may be disposed on the lower display panel  100  and may not be disposed on the upper display panel  200 . In this case, the light blocking member  220  may also be disposed on the upper display panel  200 , not on the lower display panel  100   
     The overcoat  250  is disposed on the color filter  230  and the light blocking member  220 . The overcoat  250  may include an (organic) insulating material, and effectively prevents the color filter  230  from being exposed and provides a flat surface. The overcoat  250  may be omitted. 
     The spacer  325  is disposed between the lower display panel  100  and the upper display panel  200 . The spacer  325  is disposed at a position overlapping a part of the plurality of extension portions  135  of the common voltage line  131 . 
     The first contact hole  184  for the electrical connection between the common voltage line  131  and the common electrode  270  is not disposed on a portion of the plurality of extension portions  135  of the common voltage line  131  which overlaps the spacer  325 . 
     As described above, by not defining a common contact hole for the electrical connection between the common voltage line  131  and the common electrode  270  at a position where the spacer  325  is disposed, a step of a lower part of the spacer  325  is effectively reduced, thereby assisting in a stable disposition of the spacer  325 . Further, by providing the spacer  325  not to overlap the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b , the step of a lower layer of the spacer  325  is effectively reduced, thereby assisting in the stable disposition of the spacer  325 . 
     In the liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment, a portion of the plurality of extension portions  135  of the common voltage line  131  of the liquid crystal display overlap the first contact hole  184  for the electrical connection between the common voltage line  131  and the common electrode  270 , and a portion of the extension portions  135  overlap the spacer  325 . Further, by not defining the common contact hole for the electrical connection between the common voltage line  131  and the common electrode  270  at the position where the spacer  325  is disposed, the step of the lower part of the spacer  325  is effectively reduced, thereby assisting in the stable disposition of the spacer  325 . In addition, by providing the spacer  325  not to overlap the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b , the step of the lower layer of the spacer  325  is effectively reduced, thereby assisting in the stable disposition of the spacer  325 . 
     In the liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment, by disposing the spacer  325  for maintaining an interval between the lower display panel  100  and the upper display panel  200  at a position overlapping a portion of the plurality of extension portions  135  of the common voltage line  131 , it is not required to effectively prevent a light leakage of the area where the spacer  325  is disposed by using a separate light blocking member, thereby effectively preventing deterioration of an aperture ratio of the liquid crystal display. 
     The liquid crystal layer  3  between the lower display panel  100  and the upper display panel  200  includes a liquid crystal molecule (not shown), and the liquid crystal molecule may be oriented such that a long axis thereof is substantially parallel to surfaces of the two display panels  100  and  200  in a state where there is no electric field. 
     The first repair patterns  31   a  of the liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention will be described in more detail with reference to  FIG. 12 . 
     The plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  protrudes from the common voltage line  131 . The plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  overlaps the common electrode  270  and the pixel electrode  191  in a third area C. 
     As described above, the liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention includes the plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  expanding from the common voltage line  131 . Since the plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  includes a metal which is relatively thicker than a transparent conductor and resists heat, the first repair patterns  31   a  are left without being removed when the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270  are short circuited by using a laser. Accordingly, the repair by applying the common voltage to the pixel electrode  191  of the bad pixel may be made by applying laser to the first area A where the plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  is defined and the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270  overlap each other and causing the short circuit between the common electrode  270  and the pixel electrode  191 , and the first repair patterns  31   a.    
     Further, as described above, the plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  is disposed close to the second gate line  121   b , and thus disposed in a peripheral edge part of the pixel area having relative low brightness. Accordingly, transmittance deterioration of the liquid crystal display may be effectively reduced in comparison with a case where the plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  is disposed on a center part of the pixel area having relatively high brightness. 
     It is preferable that the plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  has minimum sizes which can be repaired using laser, and a horizontal size and a vertical size of the plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  may be, for example, about 3 μm. 
     As described above, the liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention may include the plurality of first repair patterns  31   a  expanding from the common voltage line  131  to repair the generated bad pixels by making the short circuit between the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270  which overlap each other with the second passivation layer  180   b  therebetween and include a relatively thin transparent conductor and the first repair patterns  31   a . Further, transmittance deterioration of the liquid crystal display due to the first repair patterns  31   a  can be effectively prevented by defining the first repair patterns  31   a  at a peripheral edge area of the pixel area having relative low brightness. 
     The first repair patterns  31   a  of the liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment overlap the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270 , but the first repair patterns  31   a  may overlap the pixel electrode  191  and may not overlap the common electrode  270  in a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention. At this time, the first repair patterns  31   a  extend from the common voltage line  131  to receive the common voltage. Accordingly, when the bad pixel is generated, the repair can be made such that the pixel electrode  191  receives the common voltage through the short circuit between the pixel electrode  191  and the first repair patterns  31   a.    
     In addition, the liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention may include the common voltage line  131  connected to the common electrode  270  to effectively reduce a signal delay of the common voltage applied to the common electrode  270  and effectively reduce the number of data lines, thereby effectively reducing costs of a driver of the liquid crystal display. 
     Many characteristics of the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment described with reference to  FIGS. 2 to 5  are all applicable to the liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment described with reference to  FIGS. 9 to 12 . 
     Then, a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to  FIG. 13 .  FIG. 13  is a plan view of a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention. 
     Referring to  FIG. 13 , the liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment is substantially similar to the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment described with reference to  FIGS. 9 to 12 . Detailed descriptions of the same components will be omitted. 
     The liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment includes a plurality of second repair patterns  31   b  disposed in a center part of the pixel area unlike the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment described with reference to  FIGS. 9 to 12 . The plurality of second repair patterns  31   b  may extend from the common voltage line  131 . 
     The plurality of second repair patterns  31   b  overlaps the common electrode  270  and the pixel electrode  191 . 
     The plurality of second repair patterns  31   b  of the liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment overlaps the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270 , the plurality of second repair patterns  31   b  may overlap the pixel electrode  191  and may not overlap the common electrode  270  in a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention. At this time, the second repair patterns  31   b  extend from the common voltage line  131  to receive the common voltage. Accordingly, when the bad pixel is generated, the repair can be made such that the pixel electrode  191  receives the common voltage through the short circuit between the pixel electrode  191  and the second repair patterns  31   b.    
     The plurality of second repair patterns  31   b  is disposed at the center part of the pixel area, but disposed at an area which does not overlap the plurality of second branch electrodes  192  of the pixel electrode  191 . A part of the pixel area where the plurality of second branch electrodes  192  of the pixel electrode  191  is disposed is a relatively bright part. Accordingly, since the plurality of second repair patterns  31   b  is disposed at a relatively dark area, transmittance deterioration of the liquid crystal display due to the second repair patterns  31   b  can be effectively prevented. 
     Many characteristics of the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment described with reference to  FIGS. 1 and 2 to 5  and the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment described with reference to  FIGS. 9 to 12  are all applicable to the liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment described with reference to  FIG. 12 . 
     Then, a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to  FIG. 14 .  FIG. 14  is a plan view of a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention. 
     The liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment is similar to the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment described with reference to  FIGS. 9 to 12 . Detailed descriptions of the same components will be omitted. 
     Unlike the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment described with reference to  FIGS. 9 to 12 , the liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment includes the plurality of third repair patterns  31   c  separated from the common voltage line  131  and including the same layer as that of the gate lines  121   a  and  121   b.    
     The plurality of third repair patterns  31   c  overlaps the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270 . 
     The plurality of third repair patterns  31   c  is disposed at a center part of the pixel area, but disposed at an area which does not overlap the plurality of second branch electrodes  192  of the pixel electrode  191 A part of the pixel area where the plurality of second branch electrodes  192  of the pixel electrode  191  is disposed is a relatively bright part. Accordingly, since the plurality of third repair patterns  31   c  is disposed at a relatively dark area, transmittance deteriorate of the liquid crystal display due to the third repair patterns  31   c  can be effectively prevented. 
     The plurality of third repair patterns  31   c  of the liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment is disposed at the center part of the pixel area, but the third repair patterns  31   c  may be disposed at a peripheral edge part of the pixel area having relatively low brightness in a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention. 
     Many characteristics of the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment described with reference to  FIGS. 1 and 2 to 5  and the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment described with reference to  FIGS. 9 to 12  are all applicable to the liquid crystal display according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment described with reference to  FIG. 14 . 
     As described above, according to the liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, it is possible to repair the bad pixel while effectively preventing aperture ratio deterioration of the liquid crystal display and effectively reduce the number of data lines while effectively reducing a signal delay of the common voltage line, so as to effectively reduce costs of a driver of the liquid crystal display. 
     While this invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.