Patent Publication Number: US-2016236241-A1

Title: Substrate processing method

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to a substrate processing apparatus and a substrate processing method for processing a substrate. Examples of substrates to be processed include semiconductor wafers, substrates for liquid crystal displays, substrates for plasma displays, substrates for FEDs (field emission displays), substrates for optical disks, substrates for magnetic disks, substrates for magneto-optical disks, substrates for photomasks, ceramic substrates, substrates for solar cells, etc. 
     2. Description of Related Art 
     In a manufacturing process for a semiconductor device or a liquid crystal display device, etc., processing liquids having different temperatures may be supplied successively to a substrate while rotating the substrate by a spin chuck. For example, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2009-238862 discloses that after supplying SPM (sulfuric acid-hydrogen peroxide mixture) having high temperature to an upper surface of a rotating substrate, DIW (deionized water) having ordinary temperature is supplied to the upper surface of the substrate that is covered with the SPM to rinse off the SPM attached to the upper surface of the substrate. 
     When a high-temperature SPM or other high-temperature processing liquid is supplied to a substrate, the substrate itself becomes high in temperature. When in the state where the substrate is covered with the high-temperature processing liquid, the supplying of an ordinary temperature DIW or other low-temperature processing liquid is started, the temperature of the substrate decreases suddenly and rapidly at a liquid landing position of the low-temperature processing liquid and at positions in a vicinity of the liquid landing position (hereinafter referred to as a “liquid landing position vicinity region”). Stress that contracts the substrate thus arises in the liquid landing position vicinity region and the substrate deforms so as to be warped or undulated due to a temperature difference between the liquid landing position vicinity region and another region that is in a high-temperature state. Although when the low-temperature processing liquid spreads sufficiently across the substrate, the temperature differences between respective portions of the substrate decrease and such deformation is resolved, the state in which the substrate is deformed is sustained until then. 
     With a clamping type spin chuck, a plurality of chuck pins are pressed against a peripheral edge portion of a substrate. When the substrate deforms in the state where the plurality of chuck pins are pressed against the peripheral edge portion of the substrate, the pressing pressures applied to the substrate by the respective chuck pins change and the stability of substrate holding by the spin chuck may decrease. Also, with a vacuum type spin chuck, a lower surface of a substrate is suctioned onto an upper surface of a spin base (suction base). When the substrate deforms in the state where the lower surface of the substrate is suctioned onto the upper surface of the spin base, the closely contacting state of the lower surface of the substrate and the upper surface of the spin base changes and the stability of substrate holding by the spin chuck may decrease. 
     In the abovementioned publication, it is disclosed that the SPM having high temperature (for example, 150° C.) and DIW having ordinary temperature (for example, 25° C.) are supplied to the substrate. The supplying of the DIW as the low-temperature processing liquid may thus be started in a state where there is a temperature difference of not less than 100° C. between the substrate and the DIW. The present inventors have confirmed that the deformation of the substrate can occur not only when the temperature difference between the substrate and the low-temperature processing liquid is not less than 100° C. but can also occur when the temperature difference is less than 100° C. (for example, at 60° C.). The deformation of the substrate can thus occur not only when the high-temperature SPM and the ordinary-temperature DIW are supplied successively but can also occur when other processing liquids with temperature difference are supplied successively to the substrate. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     An object of the present invention is to suppress localized temperature change of a substrate at the start of supplying of a processing liquid. 
     A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a substrate processing method including a chemical liquid supplying step of supplying a chemical liquid having a first temperature to a major surface of a substrate, a rinse liquid supplying step of supplying, after the chemical liquid supplying step, a rinse liquid having a second temperature lower than the first temperature to the major surface of the substrate to rinse off the liquid remaining on the substrate, and a reaction liquid supplying step of supplying, after the chemical liquid supplying step and before the rinse liquid supplying step, a reaction liquid, causing an exothermic reaction upon mixing with the chemical liquid and having a liquid temperature lower than the first temperature and not less than the second temperature, to the major surface of the substrate in a state where the chemical liquid supplied to the substrate in the chemical liquid supplying step remains on the substrate. The major surface of the substrate may be a front surface on which a device is formed or may be a rear surface at the opposite side of the front surface. 
     With this method, the chemical liquid having the first temperature (the temperature of the chemical liquid before being supplied to the substrate) is supplied to the major surface of the substrate. The reaction liquid is then supplied to the major surface of the substrate in the state where the chemical liquid remains on the substrate. The reaction liquid supplied to the substrate mixes with the chemical liquid remaining on the substrate. The proportion of the reaction liquid in the liquid remaining on the substrate (the liquid containing the chemical liquid and the reaction liquid) thus increases and the concentration of the chemical liquid decreases. The rinse liquid having the second temperature (the temperature of the rinse liquid before being supplied to the substrate) lower than the first temperature is supplied to the major surface of the substrate after the reaction liquid has been supplied to the substrate. The liquid remaining on the substrate is thereby rinsed off. 
     When the supplying of the reaction liquid is started, the temperature of the substrate approaches the temperature of the reaction liquid. The temperature of the reaction liquid before being supplied to the substrate is lower than the temperature (first temperature) of the chemical liquid and not less than the temperature (second temperature) of the rinse liquid. Upon mixing with the chemical liquid, the reaction liquid causes an exothermic reaction in the chemical liquid. Therefore, when the reaction liquid is supplied to the major surface of the substrate in the state where the chemical liquid remains on the substrate, the exothermic reaction occurs at the liquid landing position of the reaction liquid and at positions in the vicinity of the liquid landing position so that the temperature decrease amount of the substrate is reduced in the liquid landing position vicinity region. The temperature of the substrate thus approaches the temperature of the reaction liquid gradually. Sudden and rapid temperature decrease of the substrate can thus be suppressed to reduce the amount of deformation of the substrate in comparison to a case where the rinse liquid having the second temperature lower than the first temperature is supplied to the substrate in succession to the supplying of the chemical liquid. 
     In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reaction liquid supplying step may include a supply starting step of starting the supplying of the reaction liquid to the major surface of the substrate at an intermediate portion, between a central portion and a peripheral edge portion, in a state where the entire major surface of the substrate that is rotating is covered by the chemical liquid, and a liquid landing position moving step of moving, after the supply starting step, a liquid landing position of the reaction liquid with respect to the major surface of the substrate from the intermediate portion to the central portion in a state where the entire major surface of the substrate that is rotating is covered by the chemical liquid and the reaction liquid. 
     With this method, the supplying of the reaction liquid to the major surface of the substrate is started at the intermediate portion, between the central portion and the peripheral edge portion, in the state where the substrate is rotating and the entire major surface of the substrate is covered by the chemical liquid. In succession, the liquid landing position of the reaction liquid with respect to the major surface of the substrate is moved from the intermediate portion to the central portion. The centrifugal force due to the rotation of the substrate is applied to the reaction liquid and the reaction liquid supplied to the substrate thus flows outward to the peripheral edge portion along the major surface of the substrate. The reaction liquid is thereby supplied to the entire major surface of the substrate. The proportion of the reaction liquid in the liquid film covering the entire major surface of the substrate thus increases gradually and the temperatures of the respective portions of the substrate approach the temperature of the reaction liquid. 
     The temperature difference between the substrate and the reaction liquid is greatest when the supplying of the reaction liquid is started. The circumferential speed (speed in the rotation direction) at the major surface intermediate portion of the substrate is greater than the circumferential speed at the major surface central portion of the substrate, and therefore, the supply flow rate of the reaction liquid per unit area is lower than in a case where the supplying of the reaction liquid is started at the major surface central portion of the substrate. The temperatures of the substrate and the chemical liquid at the liquid landing position can thus be suppressed or prevented from decreasing suddenly and rapidly due to the supplying of a large amount of the reaction liquid. Further, the reaction liquid that lands on the major surface central portion of the substrate is expelled to the periphery of the substrate via the major surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate and therefore the retention time of the reaction liquid on the substrate is longer than in a case where the supplying of the reaction liquid is started at the major surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate. The reaction liquid can thus be used efficiently. 
     In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reaction liquid supplying step may include a step of discharging the reaction liquid in a discharge direction that is inclined with respect to the major surface of the substrate. 
     With this method, the reaction liquid is discharged toward the major surface of the substrate in the direction that is inclined with respect to the major surface of the substrate. The reaction liquid is thus made obliquely incident on the major surface of the substrate. The impact when the reaction liquid lands on the substrate is thus smaller than in a case where the reaction liquid is made perpendicularly incident on the major surface of the substrate. In a case where a pattern is formed on the major surface of the substrate, if the impact applied to the substrate is reduced, the impact applied to the pattern is reduced. Occurrence of damage, such as pattern collapse, etc., can thus be suppressed or prevented. 
     In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reaction liquid supplying step may include a step of discharging the reaction liquid in the discharge direction that is inclined with respect to the major surface of the substrate so as to be positioned closer to the center of the substrate as the discharge direction approaches the major surface of the substrate. 
     With this method the reaction liquid is discharged toward the major surface of the substrate in the direction that is inclined with respect to the major surface of the substrate so as to be positioned closer to the center of the substrate as the discharge direction approaches the major surface of the substrate. The reaction liquid thus mainly flows inwardly (toward the center of the substrate) from the liquid landing position along the substrate. The reaction liquid can thus be spread to a region further inward than the liquid landing position in a shorter time than in a case where the reaction liquid is discharged in the direction perpendicular to the major surface of the substrate or in a case where the reaction liquid is discharged outwardly with respect to the major surface of the substrate. Further, the flow rate of the reaction liquid flowing inwardly from the liquid landing position is increased in comparison to these cases and the retention time of the reaction liquid on the substrate is thus increased. The reaction liquid can thus be used efficiently. 
     In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the chemical liquid supplied to the substrate in the chemical liquid supplying step may be a mixed liquid of a reaction chemical liquid having a liquid temperature lower than the first temperature and not less than the second temperature and a heat generating chemical liquid that generates heat upon mixing with the reaction chemical liquid. The reaction liquid supplying step may include a step of supplying the reaction chemical liquid as the reaction liquid to the major surface of the substrate. 
     With this method, the reaction chemical liquid having a liquid temperature lower than the first temperature and not less than the second temperature is mixed with the heat generating chemical liquid that generates heat upon mixing with the reaction chemical liquid. The heat generating chemical liquid and the reaction chemical liquid are thus raised in temperature to the first temperature by the heat generation of the heat generating chemical liquid to form the chemical liquid having the first temperature. The reaction chemical liquid as the reaction liquid is supplied to the major surface of the substrate in the state where the chemical liquid remains on the substrate. The reaction chemical liquid as the reaction liquid thus mixes with the heat generating chemical liquid contained in the chemical liquid on the substrate and an exothermic reaction occurs at the liquid landing position of the reaction liquid and at positions in its vicinity. The temperature decrease amount of the substrate in the liquid landing position vicinity region is thus decreased. Further, a chemical liquid of the same type as a component chemical liquid (the reaction chemical liquid in the present case) contained in the chemical liquid, that is, a liquid with a high affinity to the chemical liquid is used as the reaction liquid and therefore the chemical liquid and the reaction liquid can be mixed efficiently. 
     In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reaction liquid supplying step may include a step of discharging the reaction liquid toward the major surface of the substrate in a state where the substrate is rotating at a rotation speed that is higher than the rotation speed of the substrate in at least a portion of a period between the start of supplying of the chemical liquid to the substrate and the start of supplying of the reaction liquid to the substrate. 
     With this method, the reaction liquid is discharged toward the major surface of the substrate in a state where the substrate is rotating at the relatively high rotation speed, that is, the rotation speed that is higher than the rotation speed of the substrate in at least a portion of a period between the start of supplying of the chemical liquid to the substrate and the start of supplying of the reaction liquid to the substrate. The centrifugal force applied to the liquid attached to the substrate thus increases. The chemical liquid remaining on the substrate is thus spun off rapidly to the periphery of the substrate and the reaction liquid supplied to the substrate is spread across the entire major surface of the substrate rapidly. The temperature of the entire major surface of the substrate thus decreases uniformly so that the deformation of the substrate due to temperature difference can be suppressed or prevented. 
     In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reaction liquid supplying step may include a step of discharging the reaction liquid simultaneously toward the major surface central portion, the major surface intermediate portion, and the major surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate in the state where the substrate is rotating. 
     With this method, in the state where the substrate is rotating, the reaction liquid is discharged simultaneously toward a plurality of positions within the major surface of the substrate that respectively differ in distance from the center of the substrate. More specifically, the reaction liquid is discharged simultaneously toward the major surface central portion, the major surface intermediate portion, and the major surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate. Therefore, when the substrate rotates by one turn or more, the reaction liquid is spread across the entire major surface of the substrate. The reaction liquid is thus spread across the entire major surface of the substrate in a short time and the temperature of the entire major surface of the substrate decreases uniformly. Deformation of the substrate due to temperature difference can thereby be suppressed or prevented. 
     In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reaction liquid supplying step may include a step of making the reaction liquid land simultaneously on the entirety of a region, which is within the major surface of the substrate and includes the radius of the substrate, in the state where the substrate is rotating. 
     With this method, the reaction liquid is discharged simultaneously toward the entirety of the region that is within the major surface of the substrate and includes the radius of the substrate and lands simultaneously on the entire region in the state where the substrate is rotating. That is, the reaction liquid is supplied simultaneously to the entire region that is continuous in the radial direction of the substrate from the center of the substrate to the peripheral edge of the substrate. Therefore when the substrate rotates by one turn or more, the reaction liquid is spread across the entire major surface of the substrate. The reaction liquid is thus spread across the entire major surface of the substrate in a short time and the temperature of the entire major surface of the substrate decreases uniformly. Deformation of the substrate due to temperature difference can thereby be suppressed or prevented. 
     The substrate processing method may further include a heating step of heating, before the reaction liquid supplying step, the substrate and the chemical liquid at a heating temperature higher than the first temperature in the state in which the chemical liquid supplied to the substrate in the chemical liquid supplying step remains on the substrate. In this case, the heating step may include an infrared heating step of heating the substrate and the chemical liquid at the heating temperature by an infrared heater facing the major surface of the substrate. 
     With this method, the temperatures of the substrate and the chemical liquid rise to the heating temperature higher than the temperature (first temperature) of the chemical liquid before being supplied to the substrate, and the temperature difference between the substrate before the supplying of the reaction liquid and the rinse liquid is increased further. The arising of a large temperature difference within the substrate due to localized decrease of the substrate temperature when the rinse liquid is supplied to the substrate can thus be suppressed or prevented by supplying the reaction liquid to the substrate before supplying the rinse liquid. The amount of deformation of the substrate can thereby be reduced. 
     Another preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a substrate processing apparatus including a substrate holding unit holding and rotating a substrate, a chemical liquid supplying unit discharging a chemical liquid having a first temperature toward a major surface of the substrate held by the substrate holding unit, a rinse liquid supplying unit discharging a rinse liquid having a second temperature lower than the first temperature toward the major surface of the substrate held by the substrate holding unit, a reaction liquid supplying unit discharging a reaction liquid, being of a liquid temperature lower than the first temperature and not less than the second temperature and causing an exothermic reaction upon mixing with the chemical liquid, toward the major surface of the substrate held by the substrate holding unit, and a controller controlling the substrate holding unit, the chemical liquid supplying unit, the rinse liquid supplying unit, and the reaction liquid supplying unit. 
     The controller executes a chemical liquid supplying step of supplying the chemical liquid having the first temperature to the major surface of the substrate, a rinse liquid supplying step of supplying, after the chemical liquid supplying step, the rinse liquid having the second temperature to the major surface of the substrate to rinse off the liquid remaining on the substrate, and a reaction liquid supplying step of supplying, after the chemical liquid supplying step and before the rinse liquid supplying step, the reaction liquid of the liquid temperature lower than the first temperature and not less than the second temperature to the major surface of the substrate in a state where the chemical liquid supplied to the substrate in the chemical liquid supplying step remains on the substrate. With this arrangement, the respective steps of the substrate processing method described above are executed by the controller controlling the substrate processing apparatus. The same effects as the effects described above can thus be exhibited. 
     Yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a substrate processing method including a chemical liquid supplying step of supplying a chemical liquid having a first temperature to a major surface of a substrate, a rinse liquid supplying step of supplying, after the chemical liquid supplying step, a rinse liquid having a second temperature lower than the first temperature to the major surface of the substrate to rinse off the liquid remaining on the substrate, a reaction liquid supplying step of discharging, after the chemical liquid supplying step and before the rinse liquid supplying step, a reaction-liquid-containing liquid, which contains, at least at the start of discharge, a reaction liquid, causing an exothermic reaction upon mixing with the chemical liquid supplied to the substrate in the chemical liquid supplying step, and a heat generating liquid, generating heat upon mixing with the reaction liquid, and has a liquid temperature not more than the first temperature and not less than the second temperature, toward the major surface of the substrate in a state where the chemical liquid supplied to the substrate in the chemical liquid supplying step remains on the substrate, and a reaction liquid concentration changing step of reducing, in parallel to the reaction liquid supplying step, the proportion of the heat generating liquid contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid discharged toward the substrate to decrease the temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid discharged toward the substrate to lower than the temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid at the start of discharge. 
     With this method, the chemical liquid having the first temperature (the temperature of the chemical liquid before being supplied to the substrate) is supplied to the major surface of the substrate. The reaction-liquid-containing liquid is then supplied to the major surface of the substrate in the state where the chemical liquid remains on the substrate. The reaction-liquid-containing liquid supplied to the substrate mixes with the chemical liquid remaining on the substrate. The proportion of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid in the liquid remaining on the substrate thus increases and the concentration of the chemical liquid decreases. The rinse liquid having the second temperature (the temperature of the rinse liquid before being supplied to the substrate) lower than the first temperature is supplied to the major surface of the substrate after the reaction-liquid-containing liquid has been supplied to the substrate. The liquid remaining on the substrate (the liquid containing the chemical liquid and the reaction-liquid-containing liquid) is thereby rinsed off. 
     The reaction-liquid-containing liquid at the start of discharge is a mixed liquid formed by mixing the reaction liquid and the heat generating liquid. The reaction liquid is a liquid that causes an exothermic reaction upon mixing with the chemical liquid. The heat generating liquid is a liquid that generates heat upon mixing with the reaction liquid. By being mixed with the heat generating liquid, the reaction liquid is heated by the heat generating liquid. 
     When the supplying of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid is started, the temperature of the substrate approaches the temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid. The temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid before being supplied to the substrate is not more than the temperature (first temperature) of the chemical liquid and not less than the temperature (second temperature) of the rinse liquid. Upon mixing with the chemical liquid, the reaction-liquid-containing liquid causes an exothermic reaction. Therefore, when the reaction-liquid-containing liquid is supplied to the major surface of the substrate in the state where the chemical liquid remains on the substrate, the exothermic reaction occurs at the liquid landing position of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid and at positions in the vicinity of the liquid landing position so that the temperature decrease amount of the substrate is reduced in the liquid landing position vicinity region. The temperature of the substrate thus approaches the temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid gradually. 
     Further, the proportion of the heat generating liquid contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid decreases from that at the start of discharge of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid so that the proportion of the reaction liquid having lower temperature than the heat generating liquid increases and consequently, the temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid decreases. Therefore, the reaction-liquid-containing liquid having lower temperature than the reaction-liquid-containing liquid at the start of discharge is supplied to the major surface of the substrate and the temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid approaches the temperature (second temperature) of the rinse liquid. The temperature decrease of the substrate in the liquid landing position vicinity region is thus made even more gradual. Sudden and rapid temperature decrease of the substrate can thus be suppressed to reduce the amount of deformation of the substrate in comparison to a case where the rinse liquid is supplied to the substrate in succession to the supplying of the chemical liquid. 
     In the yet other preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reaction liquid concentration changing step may include a step of changing a mixing ratio of the reaction liquid and the heat generating liquid from a first mixing ratio, in which the proportion of the heat generating liquid is greater than the proportion of the reaction liquid, to a second mixing ratio, in which the proportion of the heat generating liquid is less than the proportion of the reaction liquid, to reduce the proportion of the heat generating liquid contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid discharged toward the substrate and decrease the temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid discharged toward the substrate to lower than the temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid at the start of discharge of itself. 
     With this method, the reaction-liquid-containing liquid, in which the proportion of the heat generating liquid is large, is discharged toward the major surface of the substrate. Thereafter, the proportion of the heat generating liquid contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid is reduced. The temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid that is discharged toward the substrate thus decreases greatly gradually. Therefore, even when the temperature difference of the chemical liquid and the rinse liquid is large, that is, even when the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature is large, the temperature of the substrate can be made to approach the temperature of the rinse liquid gradually and yet uniformly. Deformation of the substrate due to temperature difference can thereby be suppressed or prevented. 
     In the yet other preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reaction liquid concentration changing step may include a step of reducing the proportion of the heat generating liquid contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid discharged toward the substrate to zero to decrease the temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid discharged toward the substrate to lower than the temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid at the start of discharge. 
     With this method, the proportion of the heat generating liquid contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid is reduced to zero. The heat generating liquid contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid is thus eliminated and only the reaction liquid is discharged toward the substrate. The temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid that is discharged toward the substrate thus decreases greatly gradually and the temperature change amount of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid increases. Therefore, even when the temperature difference of the chemical liquid and the rinse liquid is large, the temperature of the substrate can be made to approach the temperature of the rinse liquid gradually and yet uniformly. 
     In the yet other preferred embodiment of the present invention, the chemical liquid supplied to the substrate in the chemical liquid supplying step may be a mixed liquid of a reaction chemical liquid and a heat generating chemical liquid that is higher in temperature than the reaction chemical liquid and generates heat upon mixing with the reaction chemical liquid, and the reaction-liquid-containing liquid at the start of discharge may be a mixed liquid of the reaction chemical liquid as the reaction liquid and the heat generating chemical liquid as the heat generating liquid. 
     With this method, the chemical liquid having the first temperature is formed by the heat generating chemical liquid (for example, sulfuric acid) having higher temperature than the reaction chemical liquid (for example, hydrogen peroxide water) being mixed at a predetermined mixing ratio with the reaction chemical liquid. Similarly, the reaction-liquid-containing liquid is formed by the heat generating chemical liquid being mixed at a predetermined mixing ratio with the reaction chemical liquid. The reaction-liquid-containing liquid that contains the heat generating chemical liquid and the reaction chemical liquid is discharged toward the substrate in the state where the chemical liquid is remaining on the substrate. Therefore, the reaction chemical liquid contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid mixes with the heat generating chemical liquid contained in the chemical liquid remaining on the substrate and the exothermic reaction occurs at the liquid landing position of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid and at positions in its vicinity. The temperature decrease amount of the substrate is thus reduced in the liquid landing position vicinity region. Further, a liquid containing the same component chemical liquid as the chemical liquid, that is, a liquid with a high affinity to the chemical liquid is used as the reaction-liquid-containing liquid and therefore the chemical liquid and the reaction-liquid-containing liquid can be mixed efficiently. 
     In the yet other preferred embodiment of the present invention, the chemical liquid supplied to the substrate in the chemical liquid supplying step may be a mixed liquid of a reaction chemical liquid and a heat generating chemical liquid that is higher in temperature than the reaction chemical liquid and generates heat upon mixing with the reaction chemical liquid. The reaction-liquid-containing liquid at the start of discharge may be a mixed liquid of the reaction liquid that causes the exothermic reaction upon mixing with the chemical liquid supplied to the substrate in the chemical liquid supplying step and a heat-generating-chemical-liquid-containing liquid containing the heat generating chemical liquid as the heat generating liquid. 
     With this method, the chemical liquid having the first temperature is formed by the heat generating chemical liquid (for example, sulfuric acid) having higher temperature than the reaction chemical liquid (for example, hydrogen peroxide water) being mixed at a predetermined mixing ratio with the reaction chemical liquid. Similarly, the reaction-liquid-containing liquid is generated by the heat-generating-liquid-containing liquid, which contains the heat generating chemical liquid as the heat generating liquid, being mixed at a predetermined mixing ratio with the reaction liquid (for example, pure water). The reaction-liquid-containing liquid that contains the reaction liquid and the heat-generating-chemical-liquid-containing liquid is discharged toward the substrate in the state where the chemical liquid is remaining on the substrate. Therefore, the reaction liquid contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid mixes with the chemical liquid remaining on the substrate and the exothermic reaction occurs at the liquid landing position of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid and at positions in its vicinity. The temperature decrease amount of the substrate is thus reduced in the liquid landing position vicinity region. Further, a liquid containing the same component chemical liquid as the chemical liquid is used as the reaction-liquid-containing liquid and therefore the chemical liquid and the reaction-liquid-containing liquid can be mixed efficiently. 
     In the yet other preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reaction liquid may be a liquid that is the same in composition as the rinse liquid supplied to the substrate in the rinse liquid supplying step and causes an exothermic reaction upon mixing with the chemical liquid supplied to the substrate in the chemical liquid supplying step. The reaction liquid concentration changing step may include a step of reducing the proportion of the heat generating liquid contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid discharged toward the substrate to zero to decrease the temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid discharged toward the substrate to lower than the temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid at the start of discharge and make the composition of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid discharged toward the substrate match the composition of the rinse liquid supplied to the substrate in the rinse liquid supplying step. 
     With this method, the reaction liquid contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid is the same in composition as the rinse liquid and the proportion of the heat generating liquid contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid is reduced to zero. The heat generating liquid contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid is thus eliminated and only the reaction liquid, that is, the same type of liquid as the rinse liquid is discharged toward the substrate. Therefore not only does the temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid decrease greatly gradually but the affinity of the liquid, remaining on the substrate before the rinse liquid supplying step, and the rinse liquid is increased as well. The liquid remaining on the substrate can thus be rinsed off smoothly by supplying the rinse liquid after supplying the reaction-liquid-containing liquid. 
     Yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a substrate processing apparatus including a substrate holding unit holding and rotating a substrate, a chemical liquid supplying unit discharging a chemical liquid having a first temperature toward a major surface of the substrate held by the substrate holding unit, a rinse liquid supplying unit discharging a rinse liquid having a second temperature lower than the first temperature toward the major surface of the substrate held by the substrate holding unit, a reaction liquid supplying unit including a reaction liquid nozzle, discharging a reaction-liquid-containing liquid, which is formed by mixing a reaction liquid, causing an exothermic reaction upon mixing with the chemical liquid, and a heat generating liquid, being higher in temperature than the reaction liquid and generating heat upon mixing with the reaction liquid, and has a liquid temperature not more than the first temperature and not less than the second temperature, toward the major surface of the substrate held by the substrate holding unit, and a concentration changing unit, changing the proportion of the heat generating liquid contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid discharged from the reaction liquid nozzle, and a controller controlling the substrate holding unit, the chemical liquid supplying unit, the rinse liquid supplying unit, and the reaction liquid supplying unit. 
     The controller executes a chemical liquid supplying step of supplying the chemical liquid having the first temperature to the major surface of a substrate, a rinse liquid supplying step of supplying, after the chemical liquid supplying step, the rinse liquid having the second temperature to the major surface of the substrate to rinse off the liquid remaining on the substrate, a reaction liquid supplying step of discharging, after the chemical liquid supplying step and before the rinse liquid supplying step, a reaction-liquid-containing liquid, which has a liquid temperature not more than the first temperature and not less than the second temperature, toward the major surface of the substrate in a state where the chemical liquid supplied to the substrate in the chemical liquid supplying step remains on the substrate, and a reaction liquid concentration changing step of reducing, in parallel to the reaction liquid supplying step, the proportion of the heat generating liquid contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid discharged toward the substrate to decrease the temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid discharged toward the substrate to lower than the temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid at the start of discharge. With this arrangement, the respective steps of the substrate processing method described above are executed by the controller controlling the substrate processing apparatus. The same effects as the effects described above can thus be exhibited. 
     The aforementioned and other objects, features, and effects of the present invention shall be clarified by the following description of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic plan view of a substrate processing apparatus according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 2  is a horizontally-viewed schematic view of the interior of a chamber included in the substrate processing apparatus according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 3  is a schematic plan view of a spin base and an arrangement related thereto. 
         FIG. 4  is a vertical sectional view of an infrared heater. 
         FIG. 5  is a time chart in outline of a first processing example performed by a processing unit. 
         FIGS. 6A and 6B  are a specific time chart of a portion of the first processing example. 
         FIGS. 7A and 7B  are a specific time chart of a portion of a second processing example performed by the processing unit. 
         FIG. 8  is a specific time chart of a portion of a third processing example performed by the processing unit. 
         FIG. 9  is a specific time chart of a portion of a fourth processing example performed by the processing unit. 
         FIG. 10  is a plan view of a spin chuck according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 11  is a front view of the spin chuck according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 12  is a schematic plan view of a lower surface nozzle. 
         FIG. 13  is a schematic sectional view of the internal arrangement of the lower surface nozzle. 
         FIG. 14  is a specific time chart of a portion of a fifth processing example performed by the processing unit. 
         FIG. 15  is a horizontally-viewed schematic view of the interior of a chamber included in a substrate processing apparatus according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIGS. 16A and 16B  are a specific time chart of a portion of a sixth processing example performed by the processing unit. 
         FIG. 17  is a schematic plan view of a modification example of a reaction liquid nozzle. 
         FIG. 18  is a schematic plan view of another modification example of the reaction liquid nozzle. 
         FIG. 19  is a horizontally-viewed schematic view of the interior of a chamber included in a substrate processing apparatus according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 20  is a time chart in outline of a seventh processing example performed by a processing unit. 
         FIG. 21  is a specific time chart of a portion of the seventh processing example. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       FIG. 1  is a schematic plan view of a substrate processing apparatus  1  according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.  FIG. 2  is a horizontally-viewed schematic view of the interior of a chamber  4  included in the substrate processing apparatus  1  according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.  FIG. 3  is a schematic plan view of a spin base  7  and an arrangement related thereto.  FIG. 4  is a vertical sectional view of an infrared heater  58 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 1 , the substrate processing apparatus  1  is a single substrate processing type apparatus that processes a disk-shaped substrate W, such as a semiconductor wafer, etc., one by one. The substrate processing apparatus  1  includes a plurality of processing units  2 , each processing a substrate W using processing liquids and processing gases, a substrate transfer robot CR performing carrying-in and carrying-out of a substrate W with respect to the chamber  4  of each processing unit  2 , and a controller  3  controlling operations of devices and opening and closing of valves provided in the substrate processing apparatus  1 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , each processing unit  2  is a single substrate processing type unit. Each processing unit  2  includes the box-shaped chamber  4  that has an internal space, a spin chuck  5  holding a single substrate W in a horizontal attitude inside the chamber  4  and rotating the substrate W around a vertical substrate rotation axis A 1  passing through the center of the substrate W, a processing liquid supplying device supplying a processing liquid, such as a chemical liquid, a rinse liquid, etc., to the substrate W held by the spin chuck  5 , a heating device heating the substrate W, held by the spin chuck  5 , from above the substrate W, and a cylindrical cup  6  surrounding a periphery of the spin chuck  5  around the substrate rotation axis A 1 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , the spin chuck  5 , corresponding to being a substrate holding unit, includes a disk-shaped spin base  7  that is held in a horizontal attitude, a plurality of chuck pins  8  projecting upward from upper surface outer peripheral portions of the spin base  7 , and a chuck opening/closing mechanism (not shown) that opens and closes the plurality of chuck pins  8 . The spin chuck  5  further includes a spin shaft  9  extending downward along the substrate rotation axis A 1  from a central portion of the spin base  7 , and a spin motor  10  rotating the spin shaft  9  to rotate the spin base  7  and the chuck pins  8  around the substrate rotation axis A 1 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , the outer diameter of the spin base  7  is greater than the diameter of the substrate W. The center line of the spin base  7  is disposed along the substrate rotation axis A 1 . The plurality of chuck pins  8  are held by the spin base  7  at the outer peripheral portions of the spin base  7 . The plurality of chuck pins  8  are spaced apart by intervals in the circumferential direction (direction around the substrate rotation axis A 1 ). Each chuck pin  8  is each capable of rotating around a vertical pin rotation axis with respect to the spin base  7  between a closed position at which the chuck pin  8  is pressed against a peripheral end surface of the substrate W and an open position at which the chuck pin  8  is separated from the peripheral end surface of the substrate W. The chuck opening/closing mechanism makes the chuck pins  8  rotate around the pin rotation axes. 
     The controller  3  controls the chuck opening/closing mechanism to switch the state of the plurality of chuck pins  8  between the closed state in which the plurality of chuck pins  8  hold the substrate W and the open state in which the holding of the substrate W by the plurality of chuck pins  8  is released. When the substrate W is transferred to the spin chuck  5 , the controller  3  makes the respective chuck pins  8  retract to the open positions. In this state, the controller  3  makes the substrate transfer robot CR operate to place the substrate W on the plurality of chuck pins  8 . Thereafter, the controller  3  makes the respective chuck pins  8  move to the closed positions. The substrate W is thereby held by the plurality of chuck pins  8  in a state where a lower surface of the substrate W and an upper surface of the spin base  7  are separated in an up/down direction. When the controller  3  makes the spin motor  10  rotate in this state, the substrate W rotates around the substrate rotation axis A 1  together with the spin base  7  and the chuck pins  8 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , each processing unit  2  includes a first chemical liquid nozzle  11  that discharges a chemical liquid, such as SPM (a mixed liquid containing H 2 SO 4  and H 2 O 2 ), etc., toward an upper surface of the substrate W, a first nozzle arm  12  having a tip portion on which the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  mounted, and a first nozzle moving device  13  that moves the first nozzle arm  12  to move the first chemical liquid nozzle  11 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , the first chemical liquid nozzle  11 , which serves in common as a reaction liquid nozzle, is held in an inwardly facing attitude by the first nozzle arm  12 . The inwardly facing attitude is an attitude in which a processing liquid is discharged in a discharge direction that is inclined with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W so that the processing liquid lands at a position further inward (toward the substrate rotation axis A 1  side) than a processing liquid discharge port. The first chemical liquid nozzle  11  is not restricted to being held in the inwardly facing attitude and may instead be held by the first nozzle arm  12  in a perpendicular attitude in which the processing liquid is discharged in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the substrate W or may be held by the first nozzle arm  12  in an outwardly facing attitude in which the processing liquid is discharged in a discharge direction that is inclined with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W so that the processing liquid lands at a position further outward (toward the side opposite to the substrate rotation axis A 1  side) than the processing liquid discharge port. 
     As shown in  FIG. 3 , the first nozzle moving device  13  rotates the first nozzle arm  12  around a first nozzle rotation axis A 2  extending in a vertical direction at a periphery of the spin chuck  5  to make the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  move horizontally along a path passing through an upper surface central portion of the substrate W in a plan view. The first nozzle moving device  13  makes the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  move horizontally between a processing position at which the chemical liquid discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  lands on the upper surface of the substrate W and a retracted position at which the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  is retracted to the periphery of the spin chuck  5  in a plan view (position shown in  FIG. 3 ). Further, the first nozzle moving device  13  makes the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  move horizontally among a central position at which the chemical liquid discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  lands at the upper surface central portion of the substrate W, an intermediate position at which the chemical liquid discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  lands at an upper surface intermediate portion of the substrate W, and a peripheral edge position at which the chemical liquid discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  lands at an upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W. The central position, the intermediate position, and the peripheral edge positions are all processing positions. 
     The upper surface central portion of the substrate W is a circular region that includes the center of the upper surface, and the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W is an annular region that includes the outer edge of the upper surface. The upper surface intermediate portion of the substrate W is an annular region between the outer edge of the upper surface central portion and the inner edge of the upper surface peripheral edge portion. The widths of the upper surface central portion, the upper surface intermediate portion, and the upper surface peripheral edge portion are, for example, as follows. Width of the central portion (distance in the radial direction from the center of the substrate W to the outer edge of the central portion): 5/15 of the radius of the substrate W. Width of the intermediate portion (distance in the radial direction from the inner edge of the intermediate portion to the outer edge of the intermediate portion): 9/15 of the radius of the substrate W. Width of the peripheral edge portion (distance in the radial direction from the inner edge of the peripheral edge portion to the outer edge of the peripheral edge portion): 1/15 of the radius of the substrate W. These proportions are an example and do not restrict the application of other proportions. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , each processing unit  2  includes a first chemical liquid piping  14  that guides the SPM or other chemical liquid to the first chemical liquid nozzle  11 , a stirring piping  15  that stirs the sulfuric acid and the hydrogen peroxide water inside the first chemical liquid piping  14 , and a mixing valve  16  that mixes the sulfuric acid and the hydrogen peroxide water supplied to the first chemical liquid piping  14  at an upstream side of the stirring piping  15 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , each processing unit  2  includes a sulfuric acid tank  17  containing sulfuric acid (liquid), which is an example of a heat generating chemical liquid, a first heater  21  heating the sulfuric acid to maintain the sulfuric acid inside the sulfuric acid tank  17  at a temperature (a fixed temperature in a range of 60 to 90° C., for example, 80° C.) higher than room temperature, a sulfuric acid piping  18  guiding the sulfuric acid inside the sulfuric acid tank  17  to the mixing valve  16 , a sulfuric acid valve  19  opening and closing the interior of the sulfuric acid piping  18 , and a sulfuric acid flow control valve  20  increasing and decreasing the flow rate of the sulfuric acid supplied from the sulfuric acid piping  18  to the mixing valve  16 . Although not illustrated, the sulfuric acid flow control valve  20  includes a valve body having a valve seat provided in the interior, a valve element opening and closing the valve seat, and an actuator that moves the valve element between an open position and a closed position. The same applies to other flow control valves. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , each processing unit  2  includes a hydrogen peroxide water tank  22  containing hydrogen peroxide water, which is an example of a reaction chemical liquid, a first hydrogen peroxide water piping  23  guiding the hydrogen peroxide water having room temperature (within a range of 20° C. to 30° C., for example, 25° C.) inside the hydrogen peroxide water tank  22  to the mixing valve  16 , a first hydrogen peroxide water valve  24  opening and closing the interior of the first hydrogen peroxide water piping  23 , and a first hydrogen peroxide water flow control valve  25  increasing and decreasing the flow rate of the hydrogen peroxide water supplied from the first hydrogen peroxide water piping  23  to the mixing valve  16 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , each processing unit  2  further includes a second hydrogen peroxide water piping  26  guiding the hydrogen peroxide water inside the hydrogen peroxide water tank  22  into the first chemical liquid piping  14 , a second hydrogen peroxide water valve  27  opening and closing the interior of the second hydrogen peroxide water piping  26 , and a second hydrogen peroxide water flow control valve  28  increasing and decreasing the flow rate of the hydrogen peroxide water supplied from the second hydrogen peroxide water piping  26  to the first chemical liquid piping  14 . An upstream end of the second hydrogen peroxide water piping  26  is connected to the first hydrogen peroxide water piping  23  at a position further upstream than the first hydrogen peroxide water valve  24  and the first hydrogen peroxide water flow control valve  25 , and a downstream end of the second hydrogen peroxide water piping  26  is connected to the first chemical liquid piping  14  at a position further upstream than the mixing piping  15 . 
     When the sulfuric acid valve  19  is opened, the high-temperature sulfuric acid is supplied from the sulfuric acid piping  18  to the mixing valve  16  at a flow rate corresponding to the opening degree of the sulfuric acid flow control valve  20 . Also, when the first hydrogen peroxide water valve  24  is opened, the room-temperature hydrogen peroxide water inside the hydrogen peroxide water tank  22  is supplied from the first hydrogen peroxide water piping  23  to the mixing valve  16  at a flow rate corresponding to the opening degree of the first hydrogen peroxide water flow control valve  25 . The sulfuric acid and the hydrogen peroxide water are thereby supplied to the mixing valve  16  at predetermined proportions (if “X1” is the proportion of sulfuric acid and “Y1” is the proportion of hydrogen peroxide water, for example, X1&gt;Y1). 
     The sulfuric acid and the hydrogen peroxide water supplied to the mixing valve  16  are supplied from the first chemical liquid piping  14  to the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  via the mixing piping  15 . In this process, the sulfuric acid and the hydrogen peroxide water are mixed at the mixing valve  16  and stirred at the stirring piping  15 . The sulfuric acid and the hydrogen peroxide water are thereby mixed uniformly, and the mixed liquid (SPM) of the sulfuric acid and the hydrogen peroxide water is heated by the reaction of the sulfuric acid and the hydrogen peroxide water to a first temperature (of not less than 100° C., for example, 160° C.) higher than the temperatures of the sulfuric acid and the hydrogen peroxide water before mixing. The SPM having high temperature (the first temperature) that is formed by the mixing of the sulfuric acid and the hydrogen peroxide water is thus discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11 . SPM is a mixed chemical liquid that contains peroxymonosulfuric acid, which has a high oxidizing power. 
     Also, when the sulfuric acid valve  19  and the first hydrogen peroxide water valve  24  are closed and the second hydrogen peroxide water valve  27  is opened, the room-temperature hydrogen peroxide water inside the hydrogen peroxide water tank  22  bypasses the mixing valve  16  and flows into the first chemical liquid piping  14  from the second hydrogen peroxide water piping  26 . The room-temperature hydrogen peroxide water is thereby supplied from the second hydrogen peroxide water piping  26  to the first chemical liquid piping  14  at a flow rate corresponding to the opening degree of the second hydrogen peroxide water flow control valve  28 . The room-temperature hydrogen peroxide water supplied to the first chemical liquid piping  14  is discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , each processing unit  2  includes a second chemical liquid nozzle  29  that discharges a chemical liquid, such as SC 1  (a mixed liquid containing NH 4 OH and H 2 O 2 ), etc., toward the upper surface of the substrate W, a second nozzle arm.  30  having a tip portion on which the second chemical liquid nozzle  29  mounted, and a second nozzle moving device  31  that moves the second nozzle arm  30  to move the second chemical liquid nozzle  29 .  FIG. 2  shows an example where the second chemical liquid nozzle  29  is held in an inwardly facing attitude by the second nozzle arm  30 . The second chemical liquid nozzle  29  is not restricted to being held in the inwardly facing attitude and may instead be held by the second nozzle arm  30  in a perpendicular attitude or in an outwardly facing attitude. 
     As shown in  FIG. 3 , the second nozzle moving device  31  rotates the second nozzle arm  30  around a second nozzle rotation axis A 3  extending in the vertical direction at a periphery of the spin chuck  5  to make the second chemical liquid nozzle  29  move horizontally along a path passing through an upper surface central portion of the substrate W in a plan view. The second nozzle moving device  31  makes the second chemical liquid nozzle  29  move horizontally between a processing position at which the chemical liquid discharged from the second chemical liquid nozzle  29  lands on the upper surface of the substrate W and a retracted position at which the second chemical liquid nozzle  29  is retracted to the periphery of the spin chuck  5  in a plan view. Further, the second nozzle moving device  31  makes the second chemical liquid nozzle  29  move horizontally among a central position, an intermediate position, and a peripheral edge position. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , each processing unit  2  includes a second chemical liquid piping  33  that guides the SC 1 , having a temperature (for example, 30 to 50° C.) lower than the temperature of the SPM (first temperature) and higher than room temperature, to the second chemical liquid nozzle  29  and a second chemical liquid valve  34  opening and closing the interior of the second chemical liquid piping  33 . When the second chemical liquid valve  34  is opened, the SC 1  from a second chemical liquid supply source is supplied from the second chemical liquid piping  33  to the second chemical liquid nozzle  29 . The SC 1  (liquid) of, for example, 40° C. is thereby discharged from the second chemical liquid nozzle  29 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , each processing unit  2  includes a rinse liquid nozzle  36  discharging a rinse liquid toward the upper surface of the substrate W, a third nozzle arm  37  having a tip portion on which the rinse liquid nozzle  36  mounted, and a third nozzle moving device  38  that moves the third nozzle arm  37  to move the rinse liquid nozzle  36 .  FIG. 2  shows an example where the rinse liquid nozzle  36  is held in an inwardly facing attitude by the third nozzle arm  37 . The rinse liquid nozzle  36  is not restricted to being held in the inwardly facing attitude and may instead be held by the third nozzle arm  37  in a perpendicular attitude or in an outwardly facing attitude. 
     Although not illustrated, the third nozzle moving device  38  rotates the third nozzle arm  37  around a third nozzle rotation axis extending in the vertical direction at a periphery of the spin chuck  5  to make the rinse liquid nozzle  36  move horizontally along a path passing through an upper surface central portion of the substrate W in a plan view. The third nozzle moving device  38  makes the rinse liquid nozzle  36  move horizontally between a processing position at which the rinse liquid discharged from the rinse liquid nozzle  36  lands on the upper surface of the substrate W and a retracted position at which the rinse liquid nozzle  36  is retracted to the periphery of the spin chuck  5  in a plan view. Further, the third nozzle moving device  38  makes the rinse liquid nozzle  36  move horizontally among a central position, an intermediate position, and a peripheral edge position. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , each processing unit  2  includes a first rinse liquid piping  39  that guides the rinse liquid from a rinse liquid supply source to the rinse liquid nozzle  36 , a first rinse liquid valve  40  opening and closing the interior of the first rinse liquid piping  39 , and a first rinse liquid flow control valve  41  increasing and decreasing the flow rate of the rinse liquid supplied from the first rinse liquid piping  39  to the rinse liquid nozzle  36 . Each processing unit  2  further includes a second rinse liquid piping  42  that guides the rinse liquid from the rinse liquid supply source to the rinse liquid nozzle  36 , a second rinse liquid valve  43  opening and closing the interior of the second rinse liquid piping  42 , and a second rinse liquid flow control valve  44  increasing and decreasing the flow rate of the rinse liquid supplied from the second rinse liquid piping  42  to the rinse liquid nozzle  36 . 
     When the first rinse liquid valve  40  is opened, the rinse liquid having room temperature (for example, 25° C.) is discharged from the rinse liquid nozzle  36  at a flow rate corresponding to the opening degree of the first rinse liquid flow control valve  41 . Similarly, when the second rinse liquid valve  43  is opened, the rinse liquid having room temperature (for example, 25° C.) is discharged from the rinse liquid nozzle  36  at a flow rate corresponding to the opening degree of the second rinse liquid flow control valve  44 . The rinse liquid discharged from the rinse liquid nozzle  36  is pure water (deionized water). The rinse liquid supplied to the rinse liquid nozzle  36  is not restricted to pure water and may instead be carbonated water, electrolyzed ion water, hydrogen water, ozone water, IPA (isopropyl alcohol), or aqueous hydrochloric acid solution of dilute concentration (for example, approximately 10 to 100 ppm), etc. 
     The opening degree of the first rinse liquid flow control valve  41  may be greater or smaller than the opening degree of the second rinse liquid flow control valve  44  or may be equal to the opening degree of the second rinse liquid flow control valve  44 . When the opening degrees of the first rinse liquid flow control valve  41  and the second rinse liquid flow control valve  44  differ, the flow rate of the rinse liquid discharged from the rinse liquid nozzle  36  can be changed by switching between the first rinse liquid valve  40  and the second rinse liquid valve  43  and without changing the opening degrees of the first rinse liquid flow control valve  41  and the second rinse liquid flow control valve  44 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , each processing unit  2  includes a lower surface nozzle  45  discharging a heating liquid toward a lower surface central portion of the substrate W, a heating liquid piping  46  guiding the heating liquid to the lower surface nozzle  45 , a heating liquid valve  47  opening and closing the interior of the heating liquid piping  46 , a heating liquid flow control valve  48  increasing and decreasing the flow rate of the heating liquid supplied from the heating liquid piping  46  to the lower surface nozzle  45 , and a heating liquid heater  49  heating the heating liquid, supplied from the heating liquid piping  46  to the lower surface nozzle  45  at a temperature (for example, of 50 to 90° C.) lower than the temperature (first temperature) of the SPM and higher than room temperature. 
     When the heating liquid valve  47  is opened, the heating liquid from a heating liquid supply source is supplied from the heating liquid piping  46  to the lower surface nozzle  45  at a flow rate corresponding to the opening degree of the heating liquid flow control valve  48 . The heating liquid having high temperature (for example, 60° C.), which is an example of a heating fluid (heating liquid), is thereby discharged from the lower surface nozzle  45 . As shown in  FIG. 2 , the heating liquid supplied from the lower surface nozzle  45  is heated pure water. The type of heating liquid supplied to the lower surface nozzle  45  is not restricted to pure water and may instead be carbonated water, electrolyzed ion water, hydrogen water, ozone water, IPA (isopropyl alcohol), or aqueous hydrochloric acid solution of dilute concentration (for example, approximately 10 to 100 ppm), etc. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 3 , the lower surface nozzle  45  includes a disk portion  50 , disposed in a horizontal attitude at a height between an upper surface central portion of the spin base  7  and the lower surface central portion of the substrate W, and a cylindrical portion  51  extending downward from the disk portion  50 . The heating liquid from the heating liquid piping  46  is supplied to the interior of the cylindrical portion  51  and is discharged upward from a discharge port  45   a  opening at an upper surface of the disk portion  50 . The disk portion  50  and the cylindrical portion  51  are not contact with a rotating portion, such as the spin shaft  9 , and the lower surface nozzle  45  is fixed at a fixed position. The cylindrical portion  51  is disposed inside the cylindrical spin shaft  9 . An inner peripheral surface of the spin shaft  9  surrounds an outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion  51  over the entire periphery and across an interval in the radial direction. As shown in  FIG. 2 , the inner peripheral surface of the spin shaft  9  and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion  51  define a cylindrical gas flow passage  52  that extends along the substrate rotation axis A 1 . An upper end of the gas flow passage  52  that serves as a gas discharge port  53  opens at the upper surface central portion of the spin base  7 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , each processing unit  2  includes a gas piping  54  guiding a gas from a gas supply source to the gas flow passage  54 , a gas valve  55  opening and closing the interior of the gas piping  54 , a gas flow control valve  56  increasing and decreasing the flow rate of the gas supplied from the gas piping  54  to the gas flow passage  52 , and a gas heater  57  heating the gas, supplied from the gas piping  54  to the gas flow passage  52  at a temperature (for example, of 50 to 90° C.) lower than the temperature (first temperature) of the SPM and higher than room temperature. 
     When the gas valve  55  is opened, the gas from the gas supply source is supplied from the gas piping  54  to the gas flow passage  52  at a flow rate corresponding to the opening degree of the gas flow control valve  56 . The gas supplied to the gas flow passage  52  flows upward inside the gas flow passage  52  and is discharged upward from the gas discharge port  53 . The gas discharged from the gas discharge port  53  spreads radially between the lower surface of the substrate W and the upper surface of the spin base  7 . The space between the lower surface of the substrate W and the upper surface of the spin base  7  is thereby filled with the gas having high temperature (for example, 80° C.), which is an example of a heating fluid (heating gas). The gas discharged from the gas discharge port  53  is nitrogen gas, which is an example of an inert gas. The gas is not restricted to nitrogen gas and may instead be an inert gas other than nitrogen gas or may be another gas, such as water vapor, etc. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , the cup  6  is disposed further outward than the substrate W held by the spin chuck  5 . The cup  6  surrounds the spin base  7 . When a processing liquid is supplied to the substrate W in a state where the spin chuck  5  is rotating the substrate W, the processing liquid splashes from the substrate W to a periphery of substrate W. When the processing liquid is supplied to the substrate W, an upper end portion of the upwardly open cup  6  is disposed higher than the spin base  7 . The processing liquid, such as the chemical liquid, the rinse liquid, etc., that is expelled to the periphery of the substrate W is thus received by the cup  6 . The processing liquid received by the cup  6  is guided to an unillustrated recovery device or drain device. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , the heating device includes the infrared heater  58  disposed above the substrate W held by the spin chuck  5 , a heater arm  59  having a tip portion on which the infrared heater  58  mounted, and a heater moving device  60  that moves the heater arm  59  to move the infrared heater  58 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , the infrared heater  58  includes an infrared lamp  61  emitting light that includes infrared rays and a lamp housing  62  housing the infrared lamp  61 . The infrared lamp  61  is disposed inside the lamp housing  62 . As shown in  FIG. 3 , the lamp housing  62  is smaller than the substrate W in a plan view. The infrared heater  58  is thus smaller than the substrate W in a plan view. The infrared lamp  61  and the lamp housing  62  are mounted on the heater arm  59 . The infrared lamp  61  and the lamp housing  62  thus move together with the heater arm  59 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 4 , the infrared lamp  61  is connected to the controller  3 . The electric power supplied to the infrared lamp  61  is adjusted by the controller  3 . The infrared lamp  61  is, for example, a halogen lamp. Instead of a halogen lamp, the infrared lamp  61  may be another heat generating element, such as a carbon heater, etc. The infrared lamp  61  includes a filament and a quartz tube housing the filament. At least a portion of the lamp housing  62  is made of quartz or other material with light transmitting property and heat resistance. Therefore when the infrared lamp  61  emits light, the light from the infrared lamp  61  is transmitted through the lamp housing  62  and is radiated outward from the outer surface of the lamp housing  62 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 4 , the lamp housing  62  has a bottom wall that is parallel to the upper surface of the substrate W. The infrared lamp  61  is disposed above the bottom wall. A lower surface of the bottom wall includes a substrate facing surface  58   a  that is parallel to the upper surface of the substrate W and is flat. In a state where the infrared heater  58  is disposed above the substrate W, the substrate facing surface  58   a  of the infrared heater  58  faces the upper surface of the substrate W in the up/down direction across an interval. When the infrared lamp  61  emits light in this state, the light including the infrared rays is directed from the substrate facing surface  58   a  toward the upper surface of the substrate W and is irradiated on the upper surface of the substrate W. The substrate facing surface  58   a  has, for example, a circular shape with a diameter smaller than the radius of the substrate W. The substrate facing surface  58   a  is not restricted to having a circular shape and may have a rectangular shape with the length in the longitudinal direction being not less than the radius of the substrate W and less than the diameter of the substrate W or may have a shape other than a circular shape or a rectangular shape. 
     As shown in  FIG. 4 , the infrared lamp  61  includes an annular portion  63  with ends that is disposed along a horizontal plane and a pair of vertical portions  64  extending upward from one end portion and another end portion of the annular portion  63 . The lamp housing  62  includes a transmitting member that allows transmission of infrared rays. The transmitting member includes a cylindrical housing portion  65  that extends in the up/down direction and a disk-shaped bottom plate portion  66  that closes a lower end of the housing portion  65 . The lamp housing  62  further includes a lid member  67  closing an upper end of the housing portion  65  and a supporting member  68  supporting the pair of vertical portions  64  of the infrared lamp  61 . The infrared lamp  61  is supported by the lid member  67  via the supporting member  68 . The annular portion  63  of the infrared lamp  61  is disposed in a space demarcated by the housing portion  65 , the bottom plate portion  66 , and the lid member  67 . The bottom plate portion  66  is disposed below the infrared lamp  61  and faces the infrared lamp  61  in the up/down direction across an interval. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , the heater moving device  60  holds the infrared heater  58  at a predetermined height. As shown in  FIG. 3 , the heater moving device  60  rotates the heater arm  59  around a heater rotation axis A 4  extending in a vertical direction at a periphery of the spin chuck  5  to move the infrared heater  58  horizontally. The irradiation position onto which the infrared rays are irradiated (a region of a portion within the upper surface of the substrate W) is thereby moved within the upper surface of the substrate W. The heater moving device  60  moves the infrared heater  58  horizontally along a path passing through the center of the substrate W in a plan view. The infrared heater  58  thus moves within a horizontal plane that includes a portion above the spin chuck  5 . Also, the heater moving device  60  moves the infrared heater  58  in the vertical direction to change the distance between the substrate facing surface  58  and the substrate W. 
     As shown in  FIG. 4 , the light from the infrared heater  58  is irradiated onto the irradiation position within the upper surface of the substrate W. In the state where the infrared heater  58  is emitting infrared rays, the controller  3  makes the infrared heater  58  rotate around the heater rotation axis A 4  by the heater moving device  60  while making the substrate W rotate by the spin chuck  5 . The upper surface of the substrate W is thereby scanned by the irradiation position as a heating position. Therefore, when the infrared lamp  61  emits infrared rays in the state where a liquid, such as a processing liquid, etc., is held on the substrate W, the temperatures of the substrate W and the processing liquid rise. 
     First Processing Example 
       FIG. 5  is a time chart in outline of a first processing example performed by a processing unit  2 .  FIGS. 6A and 6B  are a specific time chart of a portion of the first processing example. In the following, a resist removing process of removing a resist pattern, which has become unnecessary, from a substrate W shall be described with reference to  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 5 .  FIGS. 6A and 6B  shall also be referenced as necessary. 
     When the substrate W is to be processed by the processing unit  2 , a carrying-in step of carrying the substrate W into the chamber  4  is performed (step S 1  of  FIG. 5 ). Specifically, in a state where all of the nozzles, etc., are retracted from above the spin chuck  5 , the controller  3  makes the hand of the substrate transfer robot CR that holds the substrate W enter inside the chamber  4 . The controller  3  then makes the substrate transfer robot CR place the substrate W on the plurality of chuck pins  8 . Thereafter, the controller  3  makes the hand of the substrate transfer robot CR retract from inside the chamber  4 . Also, after the substrate W has been placed on the plurality of chuck pins  8 , the controller  3  makes the respective chuck pins  8  move from the open positions to the closed positions. Thereafter the controller  3  starts the rotation of the substrate W by the spin motor  10 . 
     Thereafter, a first chemical liquid supplying step (step S 2  of  FIG. 5 ) of supplying the SPM having high temperature (first temperature), which is an example of a first chemical liquid, to the substrate W is performed. Specifically, the controller  3  controls the spin motor  10  to accelerate the substrate W to a first chemical liquid rotation speed V 1  (see  FIGS. 6A and 6B ) and makes the substrate W be rotated at the first chemical liquid rotation speed V 1 . That is, the controller  3  maintains the rotation speed of the substrate W at the first chemical liquid rotation speed V 1 . Further, the controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to make the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  move from the retracted position to the processing position. The first chemical liquid nozzle  11  is thereby positioned above the substrate W. Thereafter, the controller  3  opens the sulfuric acid valve  19  and the first hydrogen peroxide water valve  24  to make the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  discharge the SPM having the first temperature (for example, 160° C.) toward the upper surface of the substrate W that is rotating at the first chemical liquid rotation speed V 1 . The controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to make the liquid landing position of the SPM with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W move between the central portion and the peripheral edge portion in this state. 
     The SPM discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  lands on the upper surface of the substrate W and thereafter flows outward along the upper surface of the substrate W due to a centrifugal force. The SPM is thus supplied to the entirety of the upper surface of the substrate W and a liquid film of SPM that covers the entire upper surface of the substrate W is thereby formed on the substrate W. The resist film and the SPM are thereby made to undergo a chemical reaction and the resist film on the substrate W is removed from the substrate W by the SPM. Further, the controller  3  makes the liquid landing position of the SPM with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W move between the central portion and the peripheral edge portion in the state where the substrate W is rotating so that the liquid landing position of the SPM passes through the entire upper surface of the substrate W and the entire upper surface of the substrate W is scanned. The SPM discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  is thus supplied to the entire upper surface of the substrate W and the entire upper surface of the substrate W is processed uniformly. 
     Thereafter, a puddle step of holding the liquid film of SPM on the substrate W in a state where the discharge of SPM is stopped (step S 3  of  FIG. 5 ) is performed. Specifically, the controller  3  controls the spin motor  10  to decelerate the substrate W to a second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2 , lower than the rotation speed of the substrate W in the first chemical liquid supplying step (first chemical liquid rotation speed V 1 ), in the state where the entire upper surface of the substrate W is covered by the liquid film of SPM (see  FIGS. 6A and 6B ) and makes the substrate W rotate at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2 . The centrifugal force applied to the SPM on the substrate W thus weakens and the flow rate of SPM expelled from the substrate W decreases. In the state where the substrate W is rotating at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2 , the controller  3  closes the sulfuric acid valve  19  and the first hydrogen peroxide water valve  24  to stop the discharge of SPM from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11 . The liquid film of SPM that covers the entire upper surface of the substrate W is thereby held on the substrate W in the state where the discharge of SPM is stopped. After stopping the discharge of SPM, the controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to put the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  on standby above the substrate W. 
     Also, a heating step (step S 4  of  FIG. 5 ) of using the infrared heater  58  to heat the substrate W and the SPM on the substrate W at a heating temperature, which is higher than the temperature (first temperature) of the SPM before the SPM is supplied to the substrate W, is performed in parallel to the first chemical liquid supplying step (step S 2  of  FIG. 5 ) and the puddle step (step S 3  of  FIG. 5 ). Specifically, the controller  3  controls the heater moving device  60  to move the infrared heater  58  from the retracted position to the processing position. The infrared heater  58  is thereby positioned above the substrate W. Thereafter, the controller  3  makes the infrared heater  58  start emitting light. The temperature of the infrared heater  58  thus rises to the heating temperature (for example, of not less than 200° C.) that is not less than the boiling point of the SPM at its current concentration and is maintained at the heating temperature. 
     After the infrared heater  58  starts emitting light at a position above the substrate W, the controller  3  makes the infrared heater  58  move by the heater moving device  60  to make the position of irradiation of the infrared rays with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W move within the upper surface of the substrate W. After the heating of the substrate W by the infrared heater  58  has been performed for a predetermined time, the controller  3  makes the infrared heater  58  stop emitting light in the state where the substrate W is rotating at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2  and the liquid film of SPM covering the entire upper surface of the substrate W is held on the substrate W. Thereafter, the controller  3  controls the heater moving device  60  to retract the infrared heater  58  from above the substrate W. The emitting of light and moving of the infrared heater  58  may be performed simultaneously or the moving may be started after the emitting of light. 
     The controller  3  thus makes the position of irradiation of the infrared rays with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W move within the upper surface of the substrate W in the state where the substrate W is being rotated and therefore the substrate W is heated uniformly. The liquid film of SPM covering the entire upper surface of the substrate W is thus also heated uniformly. The temperature of heating of the substrate W by the infrared heater  58  is set to a temperature not less than the boiling point of the SPM at its current concentration. The SPM on the substrate W is thus heated to the boiling point at its current concentration. In particular, when the temperature of heating of the substrate W by the infrared heater  58  is set to a temperature higher than the boiling point of the SPM at its current concentration, the temperature at the interface of the substrate W and the SPM is maintained at a temperature higher than the boiling point to promote removal of foreign matter (resist film) from the substrate W. 
     Thereafter, a reaction liquid supplying step (step S 5  of  FIG. 5 ) of supplying hydrogen peroxide water, which is an example of a reaction liquid causing an exothermic reaction upon mixing with sulfuric acid and having a temperature before being supplied to the substrate W of less than the temperature (first temperature) of the SPM and not less than the temperature (second temperature) of a rinse liquid supplied to the substrate W in a first rinse liquid supplying step (step S 7  of  FIG. 5 ) to be described below, to the substrate W and a first temperature decrease suppressing step (step S 6  of  FIG. 5 ) of supplying pure water, which is an example of a heating fluid having a first intermediate temperature, lower than the temperature (first temperature) of the SPM and higher than the temperature (second temperature) of the rinse liquid, as the temperature before being supplied to the substrate W, to the lower surface of the substrate W are performed in parallel. 
     In regard to the reaction liquid supplying step, the controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to position the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  at the intermediate position at which the processing liquid discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  lands on the upper surface intermediate portion of the substrate W. Thereafter, the controller  3  opens the second hydrogen peroxide water valve  27  to make the hydrogen peroxide water having room temperature be discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  toward the upper surface of the substrate W that is rotating at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2 . The supplying of the hydrogen peroxide water of a lower temperature than the substrate W and the SPM is thereby started at the upper surface intermediate portion of the substrate W. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 6A and 6B , after the supplying of the hydrogen peroxide water is started at the upper surface intermediate portion of the substrate W, the controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to move the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  from the intermediate position to the central position in the state where the substrate W is rotating at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2 . The liquid landing position of the hydrogen peroxide water is thereby moved from the upper surface intermediate portion of the substrate W to the upper surface central portion. Thereafter, the controller  3  closes the second hydrogen peroxide water valve  27  to stop the discharge of hydrogen peroxide water from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11 . In succession, the controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to make the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  retract from above the substrate W. 
     In regard to the first temperature decrease suppressing step, the controller  3  makes pure water of the first intermediate temperature (for example, a temperature higher than room temperature) be discharged from the lower surface nozzle  45  toward the lower surface of the substrate W that is rotating at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2 . The pure water discharged from the lower surface nozzle  45  lands on the lower surface central portion of the substrate W and thereafter flows outward along the lower surface of the substrate W to the peripheral edge of the substrate W due to a centrifugal force. The pure water is thereby supplied to the entire lower surface of the substrate W. Temperature decrease of the substrate W and the SPM is thus suppressed. After elapse of a predetermined time from the opening of the heating liquid valve  47 , the controller  3  closes the heating liquid valve  47  to stop the discharge of pure water from the lower surface nozzle  45 . Thereafter, the controller  3  opens and closes the gas valve  55  to make nitrogen gas be discharged temporarily from the gas discharge port  53 . The pure water is thereby expelled from between the substrate W and the spin base  7 . 
     In the reaction liquid supplying step, the hydrogen peroxide water of a lower temperature than the SPM supplied to the substrate W is discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  toward the upper surface central portion of the substrate W. The hydrogen peroxide water that lands on the upper surface central portion of the substrate W spreads along the substrate W from the liquid landing position to a periphery of the liquid landing position. Further, the hydrogen peroxide water on the substrate W flows outward along the substrate W toward the peripheral edge of the substrate W while flowing along the substrate W in a circumferential direction toward the downstream side of the rotation direction. The hydrogen peroxide water is thereby supplied to the entire upper surface of the substrate W covered by the liquid film of SPM. The hydrogen peroxide water discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  thus flows along the substrate W while taking away the heat of the substrate W and the SPM that are higher in temperature than the hydrogen peroxide water. 
     A portion of the SPM on the substrate W is expelled from the peripheral edge of the substrate W to the periphery thereof due to the supplying of the hydrogen peroxide water and is received by the cup  6 . Also, the remaining SPM on the substrate W is diluted by the hydrogen peroxide water and gradually decreases in concentration. The entire upper surface of the substrate W is thus covered by the liquid film that contains the SPM and the hydrogen peroxide water and the proportion of the hydrogen peroxide water in the liquid film gradually increases. The sulfuric acid concentration in the SPM thus gradually decreases. 
     The temperatures of the substrate W and the SPM (especially the temperatures at the liquid landing position and the vicinity thereof) decrease because the hydrogen peroxide water, which is lower in temperature than the substrate W and the SPM, is supplied to the substrate W, to the substrate W. However, the sulfuric acid contained in the SPM generates heat due to reaction with the hydrogen peroxide water and therefore significant decrease of the temperatures of the substrate W and the SPM at the liquid landing position is suppressed or prevented. Further, the temperature decrease amounts of the substrate W and the SPM at the liquid landing position are reduced by the first temperature decrease suppressing step being performed in parallel to the reaction liquid supplying step. Increase of the temperature difference of the substrate W between the liquid landing position and other positions can thus be suppressed. Deformation of the substrate W due to the temperature difference can thus be suppressed and the amount of warping of the substrate W can be reduced. 
     In the reaction liquid supplying step, the temperatures of the substrate W and the SPM decrease gradually due to the supplying of the hydrogen peroxide water as the reaction liquid. The temperature difference of the hydrogen peroxide water with respect to the substrate W and the SPM is thus greatest when the supplying of the hydrogen peroxide water is started. The supplying of the hydrogen peroxide water is started at the upper surface intermediate portion of the substrate W at which the circumferential speed is greater than that at the upper surface central portion of the substrate W. Therefore, the supply flow rate of the hydrogen peroxide water per unit area is lower than in a case where the supplying of the hydrogen peroxide water is started at the upper surface central portion of the substrate W. The temperatures of the substrate W and the SPM at the liquid landing position can thus be suppressed or prevented from decreasing suddenly and rapidly due to the supplying of a large amount of the hydrogen peroxide water. Further, the hydrogen peroxide water that lands on the upper surface central portion of the substrate W is expelled to the periphery of the substrate W via the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W and therefore the retention time of the hydrogen peroxide water on the substrate W is longer than in a case where the supplying of the hydrogen peroxide water is started at the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W. The hydrogen peroxide water can thus be used efficiently. 
     Also as shown in  FIG. 2 , the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  discharges the hydrogen peroxide water inwardly. Therefore the hydrogen peroxide water discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  mainly flows inwardly from the liquid landing position along the substrate W. The hydrogen peroxide water can thus be spread to a region further inward than the liquid landing position in a shorter time than in a case where the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  discharges the hydrogen peroxide water in the direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the substrate W or in a case where the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  discharges the hydrogen peroxide water outwardly. Further, the flow rate of the hydrogen peroxide water flowing inwardly from the liquid landing position is increased in comparison to these cases and the retention time of the hydrogen peroxide water on the substrate W is thus increased. The hydrogen peroxide water can thus be used efficiently. 
     Thereafter, the first rinse liquid supplying step (step S 7  of  FIG. 5 ) of supplying pure water having room temperature, which is an example of the rinse liquid having the second temperature, to the substrate W is performed. Specifically, the controller  3  controls the third nozzle moving device  38  to move the rinse liquid nozzle  36  from the retracted position to the processing position. Thereafter, the controller  3  opens the first rinse liquid valve  40  to make the pure water having room temperature be discharged from the rinse liquid nozzle  36  toward the upper surface central portion of the substrate W. Further, the controller  3  controls the spin motor  10  to accelerate the substrate W to a rinse rotation speed V 3  greater than the first chemical liquid rotation speed V 1  and the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2  (see  FIGS. 6A and 6B ) and makes the substrate W rotate at the rinse rotation speed V 3 . When a predetermined time has elapsed from the opening of the first rinse liquid valve  40 , the controller  3  closes the first rinse liquid valve  40  to stop the discharge of pure water from the rinse liquid nozzle  36 . Thereafter, the controller  3  controls the third nozzle moving device  38  to make the rinse liquid nozzle  36  retract from above the substrate W. 
     The pure water discharged from the rinse liquid nozzle  36  lands on the upper surface central portion of the substrate W that is covered by the chemical liquid or the reaction liquid. The chemical liquid on the substrate W is thus forced to flow away from the central portion to a periphery thereof. The pure water that has landed on the upper surface central portion of the substrate W flows outward along the upper surface of the substrate W due to a centrifugal force. Similarly, the chemical liquid on the substrate W flows outward along the upper surface of the substrate W due to the centrifugal force. Further, the substrate W is rotating at the rinse rotation speed V 3  greater than the first chemical liquid rotation speed V 1  and the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2  and therefore a greater centrifugal force is applied to the liquid on the substrate W than those applied in the first chemical liquid supplying step and the reaction liquid supplying step. The liquid film of pure water thus spreads instantly from the central portion of the substrate W to the peripheral edge of the substrate W and the chemical liquid on the substrate W is replaced by the pure water in a short time. The chemical liquid on the substrate W is thereby rinsed off by the pure water. 
     Thereafter, a second chemical liquid supplying step (step S 8  of  FIG. 5 ) of supplying the SC 1 , which is an example of a second chemical liquid having a temperature before being supplied to the substrate W of less than the temperature (first temperature) of the SPM and higher than the temperature (second temperature) of the rinse liquid, to the substrate W, and a second temperature decrease suppressing step (step S 9  of  FIG. 5 ) of supplying pure water, which is an example of a heating fluid having a second intermediate temperature, lower than the temperature (first temperature) of the SPM and higher than the temperature (second temperature) of the rinse liquid, as the temperature before being supplied to the substrate W, to the lower surface of the substrate W are performed in parallel. 
     In regard to the second chemical liquid supplying step, the controller  3  controls the second nozzle moving device  31  to move the second chemical liquid nozzle  29  from the retracted position to the processing position. After the second chemical liquid nozzle  29  has been positioned above the substrate W, the controller  3  opens the second chemical liquid valve  34  to make the SC 1  be discharged from the second chemical liquid nozzle  29  toward the upper surface of the substrate W that is in the rotating state. In this state, the controller  3  controls the second nozzle moving device  31  to make the liquid landing position of the SC 1  with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W move between the central portion and the peripheral edge portion. When a predetermined time elapses from the opening of the second chemical liquid valve  34 , the controller  3  closes the second chemical liquid valve  34  to stop the discharge of the SC 1 . Thereafter, the controller  3  controls the second nozzle moving device  31  to make the second chemical liquid nozzle  29  retract from above the substrate W. 
     The SC 1  discharged from the second chemical liquid nozzle  29  lands on the upper surface of the substrate W and thereafter flows outward along the upper surface of the substrate W due to the centrifugal force. The pure water on the substrate W is thus forced to flow outward by the SC 1  and is expelled to a periphery of the substrate W. The liquid film of pure water on the substrate W is thereby replaced by the liquid film of SC 1  that covers the entire upper surface of the substrate W. Further, the controller  3  makes the liquid landing position of the SC 1  with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W move between the central portion and the peripheral edge portion in the state where the substrate W is rotating so that the liquid landing position of the SC 1  passes through the entire upper surface of the substrate W and the entire upper surface of the substrate W is scanned. The SC 1  discharged from the second chemical liquid nozzle  29  is thus supplied to the entire upper surface of the substrate W and the entire upper surface of the substrate W is processed uniformly. 
     In regard to the second temperature decrease suppressing step, the controller  3  makes pure water of the second intermediate temperature be discharged from the lower surface nozzle  45  toward the lower surface of the rotating substrate W. The pure water having high temperature is thereby supplied to the entire lower surface of the substrate W. The temperature of the substrate W, which has been decreased to the second temperature by the supplying of the rinse liquid having the second temperature, can thereby be prevented from changing locally due to the supplying of the SC 1  having the temperature higher than the second temperature. After elapse of a predetermined time from the opening of the heating liquid valve  47 , the controller  3  closes the heating liquid valve  47  to stop the discharge of pure water from the lower surface nozzle  45 . Thereafter, the controller  3  opens and closes the gas valve  55  to make nitrogen gas be discharged temporarily from the gas discharge port  53 . The pure water is thereby expelled from between the substrate W and the spin base  7 . 
     Thereafter, a second rinse liquid supplying step (step S 10  of  FIG. 5 ) of supplying pure water having room temperature, which is an example of the rinse liquid, to the substrate W is performed. Specifically, the controller  3  controls the third nozzle moving device  38  to move the rinse liquid nozzle  36  from the retracted position to the processing position. After the rinse liquid nozzle  36  has been positioned above the substrate W, the controller  3  opens the first rinse liquid valve  40  to make the pure water be discharged from the rinse liquid nozzle  36  toward the upper surface of the substrate W that is in the rotating state. The SC 1  on the substrate W is thereby forced to flow outward by the pure water and is expelled to the periphery of the substrate W. The liquid film of SC 1  on the substrate W is thus replaced by the liquid film of pure water that covers the entire upper surface of the substrate W. When a predetermined time elapses from the opening of the first rinse liquid valve  40 , the controller  3  closes the first rinse liquid valve  40  to stop the discharge of pure water. Thereafter the controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to make the rinse liquid nozzle  36  retract from above the substrate W. 
     Thereafter a drying step (step S 11  of  FIG. 5 ) of drying the substrate W is performed. Specifically, the controller  3  controls the spin motor  10  to accelerate the substrate W to a drying rotation speed (for example of several thousand rpm) greater than the rotation speeds in the first chemical liquid supplying step (step S 2  of  FIG. 5 ) to the second rinse liquid supplying step (step S 10  of  FIG. 5 ) and makes the substrate W rotate at the drying rotation speed. A large centrifugal force is thereby applied to the liquid on the substrate W and the liquid attached to the substrate W is spun off to the periphery of the substrate W. The substrate W is thereby removed of liquid and the substrate W dries. After a predetermined time elapses from the start of high-speed rotation of the substrate W, the controller  3  controls the spin motor  10  to stop the rotation of the substrate W by the spin chuck  5 . 
     Thereafter, a carrying-out step (step S 12  of  FIG. 5 ) of carrying out the substrate W from inside the chamber  4  is performed. Specifically, the controller  3  moves the respective chuck pins  8  from the closed positions to the open positions to release the clamping of the substrate W by the spin chuck  5 . Thereafter in the state where all nozzles, etc., are retracted from above the spin chuck  5 , the controller  3  makes the hand of the substrate transfer robot CR enter inside the chamber  4 . The controller  3  then makes the hand of the substrate transfer robot CR hold the substrate W on the spin chuck  5 . Thereafter, the controller  3  makes the hand of the substrate transfer robot CR retract from inside the chamber  4 . The processed substrate W is thereby carried out of the chamber  4 . 
     Although a case where the hydrogen peroxide water having room temperature, which is an example of the reaction liquid, is supplied to the upper surface of the substrate W in the reaction liquid supplying step was described in the above description of the first processing example, pure water having room temperature, which is an example of the reaction liquid, may be supplied instead of the hydrogen peroxide water to the upper surface of the substrate W covered by the SPM. Specifically, in place of the reaction liquid supplying step (step S 5 ) of supplying the hydrogen peroxide water having room temperature to the substrate W, a reaction liquid supplying step (step S 5   a ) of supplying the pure water having room temperature to the substrate W may be executed in parallel to the first temperature decrease suppressing step (step S 6  of  FIG. 5 ) as shown in  FIGS. 6A and 6B . 
     In this case, the controller  3  controls the third nozzle moving device  38  to position the rinse liquid nozzle  36  at the intermediate position at which the rinse liquid discharged from the rinse liquid nozzle  36  lands on the upper surface intermediate portion of the substrate W. Thereafter, the controller  3  opens the second rinse liquid valve  43  to make pure water having room temperature, which has a temperature lower than the temperature (first temperature) of the SPM and causes an exothermic reaction upon mixing with sulfuric acid, be discharged from the rinse liquid nozzle  36  toward the upper surface of the substrate W that is rotating at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2  and is covered by the liquid film of SPM. The supplying of the pure water having lower temperature than the substrate W and the SPM is thereby started at the upper surface intermediate portion of the substrate W. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 6A and 6B , after the supplying of the pure water is started at the upper surface intermediate portion of the substrate W, the controller  3  controls the third nozzle moving device  38  to make the rinse liquid nozzle  36  move from the intermediate position to the central position in the state where the substrate W is rotating at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2 . The liquid landing position of the pure water is thereby moved from the upper surface intermediate portion of the substrate W to the upper surface central portion. Further, similarly to the case where the hydrogen peroxide water is supplied, the SPM on the substrate W is diluted by the pure water while generating heat due to the supplying of the pure water. After a predetermined time elapses from the opening of the second rinse liquid valve  43 , the controller  3  closes the second rinse liquid valve  43  to stop the discharge of the pure water from the rinse liquid nozzle  36  in the state where the rinse liquid nozzle  36  is positioned at the central position. Thereafter, the controller  3  starts the first rinse liquid supplying step (step S 7  of  FIG. 5 ). That is, the controller  3  makes the substrate W rotate at the rinse rotation speed V 3  in the state where the first rinse liquid valve  40  is open. 
     Second Processing Example 
       FIGS. 7A and 7B  are a specific time chart of a portion of a second processing example performed by the processing unit  2 .  FIG. 2  and  FIGS. 7A and 7B  shall be referenced in the following description. 
     The second processing example differs from the first processing example in that in the reaction liquid supplying step, the liquid landing position of the reaction liquid with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W is moved from the peripheral edge portion to the central portion. In other words, the steps besides the reaction liquid supplying step are the same as those of the first processing example. The reaction liquid supplying step in the case where the reaction liquid is hydrogen peroxide water (step S 5  of  FIGS. 7A and 7B ) and the reaction liquid supplying step in the case where the reaction liquid is pure water (step S 5   a  of  FIGS. 7A and 7B ) shall thus be described below. 
     In the case where the reaction liquid is hydrogen peroxide water, the controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to position the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  at the peripheral edge position at which the processing liquid discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  lands on the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W. Thereafter, the controller  3  opens the second hydrogen peroxide water valve  27  to make the hydrogen peroxide water having room temperature be discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  toward the upper surface of the substrate W that is rotating at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2 . The supplying of the hydrogen peroxide water of a lower temperature than the substrate W and the SPM is thereby started at the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W. 
     After the supplying of the hydrogen peroxide water is started at the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W, the controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to move the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  from the peripheral edge position to the central position in the state where the substrate W is rotating at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2 . The liquid landing position of the hydrogen peroxide water is thereby moved from the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W to the upper surface central portion. Thereafter, the controller  3  closes the second hydrogen peroxide water valve  27  to stop the discharge of hydrogen peroxide water from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11 . In succession, the controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to make the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  retract from above the substrate W. 
     On the other hand, in the case where the reaction liquid is pure water, the controller  3  controls the third nozzle moving device  38  to position the rinse liquid nozzle  36  at the peripheral edge position at which the rinse liquid discharged from the rinse liquid nozzle  36  lands on the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W. Thereafter, the controller  3  opens the second rinse liquid valve  43  to make pure water having room temperature be discharged from the rinse liquid nozzle  36  toward the upper surface of the substrate W that is rotating at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2 . The supplying of the pure water having lower temperature than the substrate W and the SPM is thereby started at the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W. 
     After the supplying of the pure water is started at the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W, the controller  3  controls the third nozzle moving device  38  to make the rinse liquid nozzle  36  move from the peripheral edge position to the central position in the state where the substrate W is rotating at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2 . The liquid landing position of the pure water is thereby moved from the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W to the upper surface central portion. Therefore, similarly to the case where the hydrogen peroxide water is supplied, the SPM on the substrate W is diluted by the pure water while generating heat due to the supplying of the pure water. The controller  3  then closes the second rinse liquid valve  43  to stop the discharge of the pure water from the rinse liquid nozzle  36  in the state where the rinse liquid nozzle  36  is positioned at the central position. Thereafter, the controller  3  starts the first rinse liquid supplying step (step S 7  of  FIG. 5 ). 
     In the second processing example, the supplying of the reaction liquid is thus started at the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W and the temperature thus decreases gradually from the peripheral edge portion of the substrate W. The deformation of the peripheral edge portion of the substrate W, to which the clamping force of the chuck pin  8  is applied, can thus be prevented before the central portion and the intermediate portion of the substrate W. Deflection of the rotating substrate W can thereby be suppressed or prevented. Further, by moving the liquid landing position of the reaction liquid with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W toward the central portion of the substrate W, the reaction liquid can be spread across the entire upper surface of the substrate W in a short time. The deformation amount of the substrate W can thus be reduced while suppressing localized temperature decrease of the substrate W by the exothermic reaction of the SPM and the reaction liquid. 
     Third Processing Example 
       FIG. 8  is a specific time chart of a portion of a third processing example performed by the processing unit  2 .  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 8  shall be referenced in the following description. 
     The third processing example differs from the first processing example in that the rotation speed of the substrate W in the reaction liquid supplying step is a third chemical liquid rotation speed V 4  that is greater than the rotation speed V 2  of the substrate W in the puddle step and less than the rotation speed V 3  of the substrate W in the first rinse liquid supplying step. In other words, the steps besides the reaction liquid supplying step are the same as those of the first processing example. The reaction liquid supplying step in the case where the reaction liquid is hydrogen peroxide water (step S 5  of  FIG. 8 ) and the reaction liquid supplying step in the case where the reaction liquid is pure water (step S 5   a  of  FIG. 8 ) shall thus be described below. 
     In the case where the reaction liquid is hydrogen peroxide water, the controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to position the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  at the intermediate position or the peripheral edge position. Thereafter, the controller  3  opens the second hydrogen peroxide water valve  27  to make the hydrogen peroxide water having room temperature be discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  toward the upper surface of the substrate W that is rotating at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2 . The supplying of the hydrogen peroxide water of a lower temperature than the substrate W and the SPM is thereby started at the upper surface intermediate portion or the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W. 
     After the supplying of the hydrogen peroxide water is started or at the same time that the supplying is started, the controller  3  controls the spin motor  10  to accelerate the substrate W to the third chemical liquid rotation speed V 4  greater than the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2  and makes the substrate W rotate at the third chemical liquid rotation speed V 4 . Thereafter, the controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to move the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  from the intermediate position or the peripheral edge position to the central position in the state where the substrate W is rotating at the third chemical liquid rotation speed V 4 . The liquid landing position of the hydrogen peroxide water is thereby moved from the upper surface intermediate portion or the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W to the upper surface central portion. Thereafter, the controller  3  closes the second hydrogen peroxide water valve  27  to stop the discharge of hydrogen peroxide water from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11 . In succession, the controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to make the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  retract from above the substrate W. 
     On the other hand, in the case where the reaction liquid is pure water, the controller  3  controls the third nozzle moving device  38  to position the rinse liquid nozzle  36  at the intermediate position or the peripheral edge position. Thereafter, the controller  3  opens the second rinse liquid valve  43  to make pure water having room temperature be discharged from the rinse liquid nozzle  36  toward the upper surface of the substrate W that is rotating at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2 . The supplying of the pure water having lower temperature than the substrate W and the SPM is thereby started at the upper surface intermediate portion or the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W. 
     After the supplying of the pure water is started or at the same time that the supplying is started, the controller  3  controls the spin motor  10  to accelerate the substrate W to the third chemical liquid rotation speed V 4   a  greater than the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2  and makes the substrate W rotate at the third chemical liquid rotation speed V 4   a . Thereafter, the controller  3  controls the third nozzle moving device  38  to make the rinse liquid nozzle  36  move from the intermediate position or the peripheral edge position to the central position in the state where the substrate W is rotating at the third chemical liquid rotation speed V 4   a . The liquid landing position of the pure water is thereby moved from the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W to the upper surface central portion. Therefore, similarly to the case where the hydrogen peroxide water is supplied, the SPM on the substrate W is diluted by the pure water while generating heat due to the supplying of the pure water. The controller  3  then closes the second rinse liquid valve  43  to stop the discharge of the pure water from the rinse liquid nozzle  36  in the state where the rinse liquid nozzle  36  is positioned at the central position. Thereafter, the controller  3  starts the first rinse liquid supplying step (step S 7  of  FIG. 5 ). 
       FIG. 8  shows an example where, regardless of whether the reaction liquid is hydrogen peroxide water or pure water, the rotation speed (the third chemical liquid rotation speed V 4  or V 4   a ) of the substrate W is fixed during the discharge of the reaction liquid. However, the third chemical liquid rotation speed V 4  or V 4   a  does not have to be fixed. 
     Also,  FIG. 8  shows an example where the third chemical liquid rotation speed V 4   a  for the case where the reaction liquid is pure water is less than the third chemical liquid rotation speed V 4  for the case where the reaction liquid is hydrogen peroxide water. This is because if conditions besides the type of reaction liquid are the same, the heat generation amount of the SPM is lower when the reaction liquid is pure water than when the reaction liquid is hydrogen peroxide water. By making the third chemical liquid rotation speed V 4   a  for the case where the reaction liquid is pure water less than the third chemical liquid rotation speed V 4  for the case where the reaction liquid is hydrogen peroxide water to increase the retention time of pure water on the substrate W, the heat generation amount of SPM is increased to enable sudden temperature change of the substrate W and the SPM to be suppressed favorably. 
     However, the present invention is not restricted to the above and the third chemical liquid rotation speed V 4   a  for the case where the reaction liquid is pure water may be made equal to or may be made greater than the third chemical liquid rotation speed V 4  for the case where the reaction liquid is hydrogen peroxide water. 
     Fourth Processing Example 
       FIG. 9  is a specific time chart of a portion of a fourth processing example performed by the processing unit  2 .  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 9  shall be referenced in the following description. 
     The fourth processing example differs from the first processing example in that in step S 13  of  FIG. 9 , the reaction liquid is supplied to the substrate W while using the infrared heater  58  to heat the substrate W at a temperature lower than the heating temperature of the substrate W in the first chemical liquid supplying step (step S 2  of  FIG. 9 ) and the puddle step (step S 3  of  FIG. 9 ). In other words, besides a post-heating step (step S 13  of  FIG. 9 ), in which the infrared heater  58  is used to heat the substrate W at a post-heating temperature lower than the heating temperature of the substrate W in the heating step (step S 4  of  FIG. 9 ), being performed in parallel to the reaction liquid supplying step (step S 5  of  FIG. 9 ), the process is the same as that of the first processing example. The point of difference with respect to the first processing example shall thus mainly be described below. 
     After performing the heating step (step S 4  of  FIG. 9 ) of heating the substrate W and the SPM on the substrate W at the predetermined heating temperature by the infrared heater  58  disposed above the substrate W, the post-heating step (step S 13  of  FIG. 9 ), in which the infrared heater  58  is used to heat the substrate W and the liquid (a liquid including at least one among SPM, hydrogen peroxide water, and pure water) on the substrate W at the post-heating temperature lower than the heating temperature of the substrate W in the heating step, is performed in parallel to the reaction liquid supplying step (step S 5  of  FIG. 9 ). 
     Specifically, after the infrared heater  58  has heated the substrate W at the heating temperature in the heating step, the controller  3  decreases the electric power supplied to the infrared heater  58  to a second electric power, lower than the electric power (first electric power) in the heating step, with the hydrogen peroxide water being discharged as the reaction liquid toward the upper surface of the substrate W and the infrared heater  58  being positioned above the substrate W. The second electric power has a value less than the first electric power and not less than zero. Therefore, while making the infrared heater  58  emit light or while stopping the light emission by the infrared heater  58 , the controller  3  heats the substrate W and the liquid on the substrate W at the post-heating temperature by the heat energy emitted from the infrared heater  58  or by the residual heat of the infrared heater  58 .  FIG. 9  illustrates a case where the second electric power has a value greater than zero and the light emission by the infrared heater  58  is being continued. 
     After the heating of the substrate W and the liquid on the substrate W at the post-heating temperature by the infrared heater  58  has been performed for a predetermined time, the controller  3  controls the heater moving device  60  to make the infrared heater  58  retract from above the substrate W in the state where the light emission by the infrared heater  58  is stopped. While the substrate W and the liquid on the substrate W are being heated at the post-heating temperature by the infrared heater  58 , the controller  3  may move the position of heating by the infrared heater  58  by moving the infrared heater  58  above the substrate W by the heater moving device  60  or may keep the infrared heater  58  stationary above the substrate W. Also, the controller  3  may decrease the electric power supplied to the infrared heater  58  from the first electric power to the second electric power continuously or in steps. The controller  3  may stop the supply of electric power to the infrared heater  58  to heat the substrate W and the liquid on the substrate W by the residual heat of the infrared heater  58 . 
     Also the electric power (second electric power) supplied to the infrared heater  58  in the post-heating step may include an initial electric power less than the electric power (first electric power) supplied to the infrared heater  58  in the heating step and greater than zero and a terminal electric power less than the initial electric power and not less than zero. That is, the electric power supplied to the infrared heater  58  may be decreased continuously or in steps from the initial electric power to the terminal electric power and the heat energy transmitted to the substrate W and the liquid on the substrate W in the post-heating step may be decreased with the elapse of time. In this case, the temperatures of the substrate W and the liquid on the substrate W can be decreased gradually while preventing localized temperature change in the substrate W. 
     As described above, with the present preferred embodiment, the chemical liquid having the first temperature (the SPM having high temperature) is supplied to the upper surface of the substrate W. The reaction liquid (the hydrogen peroxide water or the pure water having room temperature) is then supplied to the upper surface of the substrate W in the state where the chemical liquid remains on the substrate W. The reaction liquid supplied to the substrate W mixes with the chemical liquid remaining on the substrate W. The proportion of the reaction liquid in the liquid remaining on the substrate W (the liquid containing the chemical liquid and the reaction liquid) thus increases and the concentration of the chemical liquid decreases. The rinse liquid having the second temperature (the pure water having room temperature) lower than the first temperature is supplied to the upper surface of the substrate W after the reaction liquid has been supplied to the substrate W. The liquid remaining on the substrate W is thereby rinsed off. 
     When the supplying of the reaction liquid is started, the temperature of the substrate W approaches the temperature of the reaction liquid. The temperature of the reaction liquid before being supplied to the substrate W is lower than the temperature (first temperature) of the chemical liquid and not less than the temperature (second temperature) of the rinse liquid. Upon mixing with the chemical liquid, the reaction liquid causes an exothermic reaction in the chemical liquid. Therefore, when the reaction liquid is supplied to the upper surface of the substrate W in the state where the chemical liquid remains on the substrate W, the exothermic reaction occurs at the liquid landing position of the reaction liquid and at positions in the vicinity of the liquid landing position so that the temperature decrease amount of the substrate W is reduced in the liquid landing position vicinity region. The temperature of the substrate W thus approaches the temperature of the reaction liquid gradually. Sudden and rapid temperature decrease of the substrate W can thus be suppressed to reduce the amount of deformation of the substrate W in comparison to a case where the rinse liquid is supplied to the substrate in succession to the supplying of the chemical liquid. 
     Further, in parallel to the supplying of the reaction liquid to the upper surface of the substrate W, the high-temperature heating fluid (the high-temperature pure water or nitrogen gas) is supplied to the lower surface of the substrate W. The temperature of the heating fluid before being supplied to the substrate W is lower than the temperature (first temperature) of the chemical liquid and higher than the liquid temperature of the reaction liquid before being supplied to the substrate W. Localized temperature decrease of the substrate W due to the supplying of the reaction liquid is thus suppressed by the heating fluid being supplied to the substrate W in parallel to the supplying of the reaction liquid. Further, the temperature decrease of the substrate W can be suppressed without hindering the reaction of the chemical liquid and the substrate W because the heating fluid is supplied to the lower surface of the substrate W at the opposite side of the surface to which the chemical liquid and the reaction liquid are supplied. 
     Also in the present preferred embodiment, the supplying of the reaction liquid to the upper surface of the substrate W is started at the intermediate portion, between the central portion and the peripheral edge portion, in the state where the substrate W is rotating and the entire upper surface is covered by the chemical liquid. In succession, the liquid landing position of the reaction liquid with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W is moved from the intermediate portion to the central portion. The centrifugal force due to the rotation of the substrate W is applied to the reaction liquid and the reaction liquid supplied to the substrate W thus flows outward to the peripheral edge portion along the upper surface of the substrate W. The reaction liquid is thereby supplied to the entire upper surface of the substrate W. The proportion of the reaction liquid in the liquid film covering the entire upper surface of the substrate W thus increases gradually and the temperatures of the respective portions of the substrate W approach the temperature of the reaction liquid. 
     The temperature difference between the substrate W and the reaction liquid is greatest when the supplying of the reaction liquid is started. The circumferential speed (speed in the rotation direction) at the upper surface intermediate portion of the substrate W is greater than the circumferential speed at the upper surface central portion of the substrate W, and therefore, the supply flow rate of the reaction liquid per unit area is lower than in a case where the supplying of the reaction liquid is started at the upper surface central portion of the substrate W. The temperatures of the substrate W and the chemical liquid at the liquid landing position can thus be suppressed or prevented from decreasing suddenly and rapidly due to the supplying of a large amount of the reaction liquid. Further, the reaction liquid that lands on the upper surface central portion of the substrate W is expelled to the periphery of the substrate W via the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W and therefore the retention time of the reaction liquid on the substrate W is longer than in a case where the supplying of the reaction liquid is started at the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W. The reaction liquid can thus be used efficiently. 
     Also with the present preferred embodiment, the reaction liquid is discharged toward the upper surface of the substrate W in the direction that is inclined with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W. The reaction liquid is thus discharged obliquely with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W. The impact when the reaction liquid lands on the substrate W is thus smaller than in a case where the reaction liquid is made perpendicularly incident on the upper surface of the substrate W. In a case where a pattern is formed on the upper surface of the substrate W, if the impact applied to the substrate W is reduced, the impact applied to the pattern is reduced. Occurrence of damage, such as pattern collapse, etc., can thus be suppressed or prevented. 
     Also with the present preferred embodiment, the reaction liquid is discharged toward the upper surface of the substrate W in the direction that is inclined with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W so as to be positioned closer to the center of the substrate W as the direction approaches the upper surface of the substrate W. The reaction liquid thus mainly flows inwardly (toward the center of the substrate W) from the liquid landing position along the substrate W. The reaction liquid can thus be spread to a region further inward than the liquid landing position in a shorter time than in a case where the reaction liquid is discharged in the direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the substrate W or in a case where the reaction liquid is discharged in a direction that is inclined outwardly with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W. Further, the flow rate of the reaction liquid flowing inwardly from the liquid landing position is increased in comparison to these cases and the retention time of the reaction liquid on the substrate W is thus increased. The reaction liquid can thus be used efficiently. 
     Also with the present preferred embodiment, a reaction chemical liquid (hydrogen peroxide water) of a liquid temperature lower than the first temperature and not less than the second temperature is mixed with a heat generating chemical liquid (sulfuric acid) that generates heat upon mixing with the reaction chemical liquid. The heat generating chemical liquid and the reaction chemical liquid are thus raised in temperature to the first temperature by the heat generation of the heat generating chemical liquid to form the chemical liquid (SPM) of the first temperature. The reaction chemical liquid as the reaction liquid is supplied to the upper surface of the substrate W in the state where the chemical liquid remains on the substrate W. The reaction chemical liquid as the reaction liquid thus mixes with the heat generating chemical liquid contained in the chemical liquid on the substrate W and an exothermic reaction occurs at the liquid landing position of the reaction liquid and at positions in its vicinity. The temperature decrease amount of the substrate W in the liquid landing position vicinity region is thus decreased. Further, a chemical liquid of the same type as a component chemical liquid (the reaction chemical liquid in the present case) contained in the chemical liquid, that is, a liquid with a high affinity to the chemical liquid is used as the reaction liquid and therefore the chemical liquid and the reaction liquid can be mixed efficiently. 
     Also with the third processing example, the reaction liquid is discharged toward the upper surface of the substrate W in a state where the substrate W is rotating at the relatively high rotation speed V 4 , that is, the rotation speed V 4  that is higher than the rotation speed V 2  of the substrate W in at least a portion of a period between the start of supplying of the chemical liquid to the substrate W and the start of supplying of the reaction liquid to the substrate W. The centrifugal force applied to the liquid attached to the substrate W thus increases. The chemical liquid remaining on the substrate W is thus spun off rapidly to the periphery of the substrate W and the reaction liquid supplied to the substrate W is spread across the entire upper surface of the substrate W rapidly. The temperature of the entire upper surface of the substrate W thus decreases uniformly so that the deformation of the substrate W due to temperature difference can be suppressed or prevented. 
     Also with the present preferred embodiment, the supplying of the heating fluid (the pure water having high temperature) to the substrate W is started after the discharge of the chemical liquid (SPM) to the substrate W is stopped. When the chemical liquid is being discharged toward the substrate W, the chemical liquid supplied before is expelled to the periphery of the substrate W. Therefore, when the heating fluid is discharged toward the substrate W in parallel to the discharge of the chemical liquid, a large amount of the chemical liquid may be mixed with the heating fluid at positions around the substrate W. Specifically, a large amount of the SPM may mix with the pure water at the periphery of the substrate W. The chemical liquid expelled from the substrate W may thus rise significantly in temperature and the cup  6  may rise significantly in temperature accordingly. 
     On the other hand, when the discharge of the chemical liquid is stopped, the chemical liquid expelled from the substrate W is small or zero in amount and therefore a large amount of the chemical liquid will not be mixed with the heating fluid at the periphery of the substrate W. Therefore a large amount of the SPM will not be mixed with the pure water at the periphery of the substrate W. Therefore, even in a case where the chemical liquid generates heat due to mixing with the heating fluid (for example, in a case where the chemical liquid is a liquid that contains sulfuric acid and the heating fluid is a gas or liquid that contains water), the chemical liquid expelled from the substrate W can be prevented from rising significantly in temperature. Temperature rise of the cup  6  or other cylindrical capturing member that captures the liquid expelled from the substrate W can thus be suppressed. 
     Second Preferred Embodiment 
     A second preferred embodiment of the present invention shall now be described. In  FIG. 10  to  FIG. 14  below, component portions equivalent to respective portions indicated in  FIG. 1  to  FIG. 9  described above are provided with the same reference symbols as in  FIG. 1 , etc., and description thereof shall be omitted. 
       FIG. 10  is a plan view of the spin chuck  5  according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention.  FIG. 11  is a front view of the spin chuck  5  according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention.  FIG. 12  is a schematic plan view of a lower surface nozzle  245 .  FIG. 13  is a schematic sectional view of the internal arrangement of the lower surface nozzle  245 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 10  and  FIG. 11 , the processing unit  2  has, in addition to the lower surface nozzle  45  related to the first preferred embodiment, a lower surface nozzle  245  that is changeable in distance from the substrate rotation axis A 1  to the liquid landing position of a processing liquid. As shown in  FIG. 11  and  FIG. 12 , the lower surface nozzle  245  has a telescopic arm  271  capable of being extended and contracted along the lower surface of the substrate W and a telescopic piping  272  disposed in the interior of the telescopic arm  271 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 13 , the telescopic arm  271  includes a plurality of hollow arm portions (a first arm portion  273  and a second arm portion  274 ) disposed above the spin base  7 , a first joint portion  275  coupling a base portion of the first arm portion  273  and a tip portion of the second arm portion  274  so as to be relatively rotatable around a vertical flexure axis A 5 , and a second joint portion  276  supporting the base portion of the second arm portion  274  so as to be rotatable around the substrate rotation axis A 1  with respect to the spin base  7 . The telescopic arm  271  further includes a first spring  277 , urging the first arm portion  273  and the second arm portion  274  around the flexure axis A 5  at an urging force in accordance with the relative rotation amounts of the first arm portion  273  and the second arm portion  274  around the flexure axis A 5 , and a second spring  278 , urging the second arm portion  274  and the spin base  7  around the substrate rotation axis A 1  at an urging force in accordance with the relative rotation amounts of the second arm portion  274  and the spin base  7  around the substrate rotation axis A 1 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 13 , the first joint portion  275  includes a first sleeve  279  extending in the up/down direction along the flexure axis A 5  and a first bearing  280  supporting the first sleeve  279  so as to be rotatable around the flexure axis A 5 . The first sleeve  279  is fixed to the tip portion of the second arm portion  274  and extends upward from the second arm portion  274  to the interior of the first arm portion  273 . The first bearing  280  is disposed in the interior of the first arm portion  273  and is held by the first arm portion  273 . The first spring  277  is wound around the first sleeve  279 . One end portion of the first spring  277  is mounted on the first sleeve  279  and another end portion of the first spring  277  is mounted on the first arm portion  273 . The first spring  277  is capable of extending and contracting elastically around the flexure axis A 5 . When the first joint portion  275  is extended from a flexed position (position shown in  FIG. 12 ), the first arm portion  273  and the second arm portion  274  are pulled toward the flexed position by the urging force of the first spring  277  that is in accordance with the displacement amount of the first joint portion  275 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 13 , the second joint portion  276  includes a second sleeve  281  extending in the up/down direction along the substrate rotation axis A 1  and a second bearing  282  supporting the second sleeve  281  so as to be rotatable around the substrate rotation axis A 1 . The second sleeve  281  is fixed to the chamber  4  so as not to be rotatable around the substrate rotation axis A 1  and extends upward from the interior of the spin base  7  to the interior of the second arm portion  274  along the substrate rotation axis A 1 . The second bearing  282  is disposed in the interior of the second arm portion  274  and is held by the second arm portion  274 . The second spring  278  is wound around the second sleeve  281 . One end portion of the second spring  278  is mounted on the second sleeve  281  and another end portion of the second spring  278  is mounted on the second arm portion  274 . The second spring  278  is capable of extending and contracting elastically around the substrate rotation axis A 1 . When the second joint portion  276  is rotated clockwise from a flexed position (position shown in  FIG. 12 ), the second arm portion  274  and the spin base  7  are pulled toward the flexed position by the urging force of the second spring  278  that is in accordance with the displacement amount of the second joint portion  276 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 13 , the telescopic piping  272  passes through the interior of the second sleeve  281  and enters into the interior of the second arm portion  274  and further passes through the interior of the first sleeve  279  and enters into the interior of the first arm portion  273 . An upper end portion of the telescopic piping  272  is fixed to a tip portion of the first arm portion  273 . A fluid discharge port  283 , discharging a processing liquid or a processing gas toward the lower surface of the substrate W, is provided at the tip portion of the first arm portion  273 . The telescopic piping  272  is connected to the heating liquid piping  46  or the gas piping  54 .  FIG. 11  shows an example where the telescopic piping  272  is connected to the heating liquid piping  46 . Therefore when the heating liquid valve  47  is opened, the rinse liquid (example of a heating fluid) heated to a temperature higher than room temperature by the heating liquid heater  49  is supplied from the heating liquid piping  46  to the telescopic piping  272  at a flow rate corresponding to the opening degree of the heating liquid flow control valve  48  and is discharged upward toward the lower surface of the substrate W from the fluid discharge port  283 . 
     The supply flow rate of the processing liquid supplied from the heating liquid piping  46  to the telescopic piping  272  is increased or decreased by the controller  3  changing the opening degree of the heating liquid flow control valve  48 . When the supply flow rate of the processing liquid into the telescopic piping  272  is zero or small, the telescopic piping  272  is contracted in a state of being flexed along the telescopic arm  271  as shown in  FIG. 13 . When the supply flow rate of the processing liquid into the telescopic piping  272  increases, a force (liquid pressure) that brings the telescopic piping  272  closer to a rectilinear state of extending rectilinearly is generated in the interior of the telescopic piping  272  and the telescopic piping  272  extends toward the rectilinear state. Also, when in a state where the telescopic piping  272  is extended (a state other than the flexed state), the supply flow rate of the processing liquid into the telescopic piping  272  is reduced, the liquid pressure inside the telescopic piping  272  decreases and the telescopic piping  272  thus contracts toward the flexed state due to the restorative force of the telescopic piping  272 . The telescopic piping  272  thus extends and contracts in accordance with the supply flow rate of the processing liquid. 
     As indicated by solid lines in  FIG. 10 , when the supply flow rate of the processing liquid into the telescopic piping  272  is zero or small, the telescopic arm  271  is maintained, by the first spring  277  and the second spring  278 , in a flexed state, in which the processing liquid discharged upward from the fluid discharge port  283  lands on the lower surface central portion of the substrate W. When the supply flow rate of the processing liquid into the telescopic piping  272  increases, the telescopic piping  272  tends to approach the rectilinear state and therefore a force of approaching an extended state, in which the processing liquid discharged upward from the fluid discharge port  283  lands on a lower surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W, is applied from the telescopic piping  272  to the telescopic arm  271 . Therefore as indicated by alternate long and two short dashes lines in  FIG. 10 , at least one of either of the first joint portion  275  and the second joint portion  276  of the telescopic arm  271  rotates against at least one of either of the first spring  277  and the second spring  278  so that the fluid discharge port  283  moves outward. Also, when the supplying of the processing liquid into the telescopic piping  272  is stopped, the telescopic arm  271  is returned to the flexed state by the restorative force of the first spring  277  and the second spring  278  and the fluid discharge port  283  moves inward. 
     The liquid landing position of the processing liquid with respect to the lower surface of the substrate W moves in the radial direction of the substrate W in accordance with the distance from the substrate rotation axis A 1  to the fluid discharge port  283 . The relationship between the supply flow rate of the processing liquid into the telescopic piping  272  and the distance from the substrate rotation axis A 1  to the fluid discharge port  283  is adjusted, for example, by the spring constants of the first spring  277  and the second spring  278 . As shown in  FIG. 10 , the spring constants of the first spring  277  and the second spring  278  are set so that the fluid discharge port  283  moves horizontally along the radius of the substrate W. The liquid landing position of the processing liquid with respect to the lower surface of the substrate W thus moves rectilinearly along the radius of the substrate W. The spring constant of the first spring  277  is, for example, less than the spring constant of the second spring  278 . The first joint portion  275  is thus extended by a smaller force than the second joint portion  276 . The fluid discharge port  283  thus moves in the radial direction of the substrate W in accordance with the supply flow rate of the processing liquid even when the supply flow rate is low. Further, as the supply flow rate of the processing liquid increases, the liquid landing position of the processing liquid with respect to the lower surface of the substrate W moves outward to enable the difference in supply flow rate of processing liquid per unit area to be reduced. 
     Fifth Processing Example 
       FIG. 14  is a specific time chart of a portion of a fifth processing example performed by the processing unit  2 .  FIG. 10 ,  FIG. 11 , and  FIG. 14  shall be referenced in the following description. 
     The fifth processing example differs from the first processing example in that in the first temperature decrease suppressing step (step S 6  of  FIG. 14 ), the liquid landing position of the heating liquid with respect to the lower surface of the substrate W is moved in the radial direction of the substrate W. In other words, the steps besides the first temperature decrease suppressing step are the same as those of the first processing example. The point of difference with respect to the first processing example shall thus mainly be described below. Also, although in the following description, the first temperature decrease suppressing step performed in parallel to the first chemical liquid supplying step shall mainly be described, the same control as that performed for the first temperature decrease suppressing step may be performed for the second temperature decrease suppressing step performed in parallel to the second chemical liquid supplying step. 
     In the first temperature decrease suppressing step (step S 6  of  FIG. 14 ), the controller  3  makes the pure water, which is an example of the heating fluid (heating liquid), be discharged from the lower surface nozzle  245  toward the lower surface of the substrate W that is rotating at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2 . Temperature decrease of the substrate W and the SPM is thereby suppressed. 
     In the reaction liquid supplying step (step S 5  of  FIG. 14 ), the controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to move the liquid landing position of the hydrogen peroxide water (an example of the reaction liquid) with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W from the intermediate portion to the central portion in the state where the substrate W is rotating at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2  as shown in  FIG. 14 . In the first temperature decrease suppressing step (step S 6  of  FIG. 14 ), the controller  3  changes the opening degree of the heating liquid flow control valve  48 , that is, changes the extension/contraction amount of the telescopic arm  271  to move the liquid landing position of the pure water (an example of the heating liquid) with respect to the lower surface of the substrate W from the intermediate portion to the central portion so as to be in synchronization with the movement of the liquid landing position of the hydrogen peroxide water from the upper surface intermediate portion to the upper surface central portion of the substrate W as shown in  FIG. 14 . The controller  3  then closes the second hydrogen peroxide water valve  27  and the heating liquid valve  47  to stop the discharges of hydrogen peroxide water and the pure water from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  and the lower surface nozzle  245 . Thereafter, the controller  3  opens and closes the gas valve  55  to make nitrogen gas be discharged temporarily from the gas discharge port  53 . The pure water is thereby expelled from between the substrate W and the spin base  7 . 
     The controller  3  thus controls the first nozzle moving device  13  and the heating liquid flow control valve  48  so that the distance from the substrate rotation axis A 1  to the liquid landing position of the pure water is equal to the distance from the substrate rotation axis A 1  to the liquid landing position of the hydrogen peroxide water. As long as the distances from the substrate rotation axis A 1  are equal, the liquid landing position of the hydrogen peroxide water and the liquid landing position of the pure water may be positions that are separated in the circumferential direction of the substrate W. In the present processing example, the liquid landing position of the hydrogen peroxide water and the liquid landing position of the pure water are positions at mutually opposite sides of the substrate W. The temperature decrease of the substrate W at the liquid landing position of the hydrogen peroxide water can thus be reduced further than in a case where the liquid landing position of the pure water is fixed at the lower surface central portion of the substrate W. Further, localized temperature decrease of the substrate W can be suppressed without having to form a liquid film of the pure water that covers the entire lower surface of the substrate W and the consumption amount of pure water can thus be reduced. 
     As described above, with the present preferred embodiment, in parallel to moving the liquid landing position of the reaction liquid with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W, the controller  3  moves the landing position of the heating fluid with respect to the lower surface of the substrate W so that the difference between the distance from the center of the substrate W to the liquid landing position of the reaction liquid and the distance from the center of the substrate W to the landing position of the heating fluid is reduced. The heating fluid is thereby blown onto a position close to the liquid landing position of the reaction liquid. Specifically, the heating fluid is blown onto a position at the opposite side of the liquid landing position of the reaction liquid. The heat of the heating fluid is thus transmitted to the substrate W from the position at the opposite side of the liquid landing position of the reaction liquid and the temperature decrease amount at the liquid landing position of the reaction liquid and positions in the vicinity thereof is reduced further. Deformation of the substrate W due to temperature difference can thereby be suppressed or prevented. 
     Third Preferred Embodiment 
     A third preferred embodiment of the present invention shall now be described. In  FIG. 15  and  FIGS. 16A and 16B  below, component portions equivalent to respective portions indicated in  FIG. 1  to  FIG. 14  described above are provided with the same reference symbols as in  FIG. 1 , etc., and description thereof shall be omitted. 
       FIG. 15  is a horizontally-viewed schematic view of the interior of a chamber  4  included in a substrate processing apparatus  1  according to the third preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     In addition to the arrangement according to the first preferred embodiment, the processing unit  2  further includes a central nozzle  311 A having a central discharge port  311   a  discharging the reaction liquid toward the upper surface central portion of the substrate W, an intermediate nozzle  311 B having an intermediate discharge port  311   b  discharging the reaction liquid toward the upper surface intermediate portion of the substrate W, and a peripheral edge nozzle  311 C having a peripheral edge discharge port  311   c  discharging the reaction liquid toward the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W. The central nozzle  311 A, the intermediate nozzle  311 B, and the peripheral edge nozzle  311 C are all examples of the reaction liquid nozzle that discharges the reaction liquid toward the substrate W. 
     The processing unit  2  further includes a central piping  384  guiding the reaction liquid to the central discharge port  311   a , a central flow control valve  385  increasing and decreasing the flow rate of the reaction liquid supplied from the central piping  384  to the central discharge port  311   a , an intermediate piping  386  guiding the reaction liquid to the intermediate discharge port  311   b , an intermediate flow control valve  387  increasing and decreasing the flow rate of the reaction liquid supplied from the intermediate piping  386  to the intermediate discharge port  311   b , a peripheral edge piping  388  guiding the reaction liquid to the peripheral edge discharge port  311   c , and a peripheral edge flow control valve  389  increasing and decreasing the flow rate of the reaction liquid supplied from the peripheral edge piping  388  to the peripheral edge discharge port  311   c . The processing unit  2  further includes a hydrogen peroxide water piping  390  supplying the hydrogen peroxide water having room temperature to each of the central piping  384 , the intermediate piping  386 , and the peripheral edge piping  388 , a hydrogen peroxide water valve  391  opening and closing the interior of the hydrogen peroxide water piping  390 , a pure water piping  392  supplying the pure water having room temperature to each of the central piping  384 , the intermediate piping  386 , and the peripheral edge piping  388 , and a pure water valve  393  opening and closing the interior of the pure water piping  392 . 
     The processing unit  2  further includes a fourth nozzle arm  394  holding the central nozzle  311 A, the intermediate nozzle  311 B, and the peripheral edge nozzle  311 C, and a fourth nozzle moving device  395  moving the fourth nozzle arm  394  to move the central nozzle  311 A, the intermediate nozzle  311 B, and the peripheral edge nozzle  311 C horizontally. The fourth nozzle moving device  395  moves the central nozzle  311 A, the intermediate nozzle  311 B, and the peripheral edge nozzle  311 C horizontally between processing positions, at which the reaction liquid discharged from the central discharge port  311   a , the intermediate discharge port  311   b , and the peripheral edge discharge port  311   c  lands at the upper surface central portion, the upper surface intermediate portion, and the upper surface peripheral edge portion, respectively, of the substrate W, and retracted positions at which the central nozzle  311 A, the intermediate nozzle  311 B, and the peripheral edge nozzle  311 C are retracted to a periphery of the spin chuck  5  in a plan view. 
     The central nozzle  311 A, the intermediate nozzle  311 B, and the peripheral edge nozzle  311 C are all held by the fourth nozzle arm  394  in inwardly facing attitudes. One or more of the central nozzle  311 A, the intermediate nozzle  311 B, and the peripheral edge nozzle  311 C may be held in a perpendicular attitude or an outwardly facing attitude. When the central nozzle  311 A, the intermediate nozzle  311 B, and the peripheral edge nozzle  311 C are positioned at the processing positions, the central discharge port  311   a , the intermediate discharge port  311   b , and the peripheral edge discharge port  311   c  are positioned at three positions that respectively differ in rectilinear distance from the substrate rotation axis A 1 . The central discharge port  311   a , the intermediate discharge port  311   b , and the peripheral edge discharge port  311   c  are disposed at an equal height. One or more of the central discharge port  311   a , the intermediate discharge port  311   b , and the peripheral edge discharge port  311   c  may be disposed at a different height. 
     Sixth Processing Example 
       FIGS. 16A and 16B  are a specific time chart of a portion of a sixth processing example performed by the processing unit  2 .  FIG. 15  and  FIGS. 16A and 16B  shall be referenced in the following description. 
     The sixth processing example differs from the first processing example in that in the reaction liquid supplying step, the reaction liquid is discharged toward a plurality of positions within the upper surface of the substrate W in a state where a plurality of reaction liquid nozzles are stationary. In other words, the steps besides the reaction liquid supplying step are the same as those of the first processing example. The reaction liquid supplying step in the case where the reaction liquid is hydrogen peroxide water (step S 5  of  FIGS. 16A and 16B ) and the reaction liquid supplying step in the case where the reaction liquid is pure water (step S 5   a  of  FIGS. 16A and 16B ) shall thus be described below. 
     In the reaction liquid supplying step, the controller  3  controls the fourth nozzle moving device  395  to move the central nozzle  311 A, the intermediate nozzle  311 B, and the peripheral edge nozzle  311 C from the retracted positions to the processing positions in a state where the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  is retracted from above the substrate W. Thereafter, the controller  3  opens one of either of the hydrogen peroxide water valve  391  and the pure water valve  393  to make the central nozzle  311 A, the intermediate nozzle  311 B, and the peripheral edge nozzle  311 C discharge the hydrogen peroxide water or the pure water as the reaction liquid toward the upper surface of the substrate W that is rotating at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2 . The supplying of the reaction liquid having lower temperature than the substrate W and the SPM is thereby started at the upper surface central portion, the upper surface intermediate portion, and the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W. 
     The discharge flow rates of the reaction liquid from the central nozzle  311 A, the intermediate nozzle  311 B, and the peripheral edge nozzle  311 C in the reaction liquid supplying step may be equal or different. For example, the opening degrees of the central flow control valve  385 , the intermediate flow control valve  387 , and the peripheral edge flow control valve  389  may be adjusted by the controller  3  so that the discharge flow rate increases in the order of the central nozzle  311 A, the intermediate nozzle  311 B, and the peripheral edge nozzle  311 C. In this case, the supply flow rate of the processing liquid with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W increases in the order of the central portion, the intermediate portion, and the peripheral edge portion to enable the difference in supply flow rate of the processing liquid per unit area to be reduced. Localized temperature decrease of the substrate W can thereby be suppressed. 
     The controller  3  continues the supplying of the reaction liquid to the upper surface of the substrate W for a predetermined time with the central nozzle  311 A, the intermediate nozzle  311 B, and the peripheral edge nozzle  311 C being made stationary above the substrate W. Thereafter, the controller  3  closes the open valve among the hydrogen peroxide water valve  391  and the pure water valve  393  to stop the discharge of the reaction liquid from the central nozzle  311 A, the intermediate nozzle  311 B, and the peripheral edge nozzle  311 C. The controller  3  then starts the first rinse liquid supplying step (step S 7  of  FIG. 5 ). The central nozzle  311 A, the intermediate nozzle  311 B, and the peripheral edge nozzle  311 C are connected to a pure water supply source and therefore the controller  3  may perform the first rinse liquid supplying step using the central nozzle  311 A, the intermediate nozzle  311 B, and the peripheral edge nozzle  311 C instead of performing the first rinse liquid supplying step using the rinse liquid nozzle  36 . 
     As described above, with the present preferred embodiment, in the state where the substrate W is rotating, the reaction liquid is discharged simultaneously toward a plurality of positions within the upper surface of the substrate W that respectively differ in distance from the center of the substrate W. More specifically, the reaction liquid is discharged simultaneously toward the upper surface central portion, the upper surface intermediate portion, and the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W. Therefore, when the substrate W rotates by one turn or more, the reaction liquid is spread across the entire upper surface of the substrate W. The reaction liquid is thus spread across the entire upper surface of the substrate W in a short time and the temperature of the entire upper surface of the substrate W decreases uniformly. Deformation of the substrate W due to temperature difference can thereby be suppressed or prevented. 
     Although with  FIG. 15 , an example where the processing unit  2  is provided with a plurality of reaction liquid nozzles (the central nozzle  311 A, the intermediate nozzle  311 B, and the peripheral edge nozzle  311 C) was described, the processing unit  2  may instead have a single reaction liquid nozzle that discharges the reaction liquid simultaneously toward a plurality of positions within the upper surface of the substrate W that respectively differ in distance from the center of the substrate W. In this case, the processing unit  2  may include a reaction liquid nozzle  311 X having a slit-shaped discharge port  311   x  extending in the radial direction from the upper surface central portion of the substrate W to the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W in a plan view as shown in  FIG. 17 . Or, the processing unit  2  may include a reaction liquid nozzle  311 Y having a plurality of discharge ports  311   y  aligned in the radial direction of the substrate W from the upper surface central portion of the substrate W to the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W in a plan view as shown in  FIG. 18 . 
     With each of the arrangements shown in  FIG. 17  and  FIG. 18 , the reaction liquid is discharged simultaneously toward the entirety of a region that is within the upper surface of the substrate W and includes the radius of the substrate W and lands simultaneously on the entire region in the state where the substrate W is rotating. That is, the reaction liquid is supplied simultaneously to the entire region that is continuous in the radial direction of the substrate W from the center of the substrate W to the peripheral edge of the substrate W. Therefore when the substrate W rotates by one turn or more, the reaction liquid is spread across the entire upper surface of the substrate W. The reaction liquid is thus spread across the entire upper surface of the substrate W in a short time and the temperature of the entire upper surface of the substrate W decreases uniformly. Deformation of the substrate W due to temperature difference can thereby be suppressed or prevented. 
     Fourth Preferred Embodiment 
     A fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention shall now be described. In  FIG. 19  to  FIG. 21  below, component portions equivalent to respective portions indicated in  FIG. 1  to  FIG. 18  described above are provided with the same reference symbols as in  FIG. 1 , etc., and description thereof shall be omitted. 
     As shown in  FIG. 19 , the processing unit  2  includes a pure water piping  426  guiding pure water from a pure water supply source to the interior of the first chemical liquid piping  14 , a pure water valve  427  opening and closing the interior of the pure water piping  426 , and a pure water flow control valve  428  increasing and decreasing the flow rate of the pure water supplied from the pure water piping  426  to the first chemical liquid piping  14 . A downstream end of the pure water piping  426  is connected to the first chemical liquid piping  14  at a position further upstream than the stirring piping  15 . 
     When the sulfuric acid valve  19  and the hydrogen peroxide water valve  24  are closed and the pure water valve  427  is open, the pure water having room temperature from the pure water supply source flows from the pure water piping  426  into the first chemical liquid piping  14  while bypassing the mixing valve  16 . The pure water having room temperature is thus supplied from the pure water piping  426  to the first chemical liquid piping  14  at a flow rate corresponding to the opening degree of the pure water flow control valve  428 . Therefore, when the sulfuric acid valve  19 , the hydrogen peroxide water valve  24 , and the pure water valve  427  are open, a mixed liquid of SPM and pure water that are mixed at a mixing ratio corresponding to the opening degrees of three flow control valves (the sulfuric acid flow control valve  20 , the hydrogen peroxide water flow control valve  25 , and the pure water flow control valve  428 ) is discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11 . 
     Seventh Processing Example 
       FIG. 20  is a time chart in outline of a seventh processing example performed by a processing unit  2 .  FIG. 21  is a specific time chart of a portion of the seventh processing example. In the following, a resist removing process of removing a resist pattern, which has become unnecessary, from a substrate W shall be described with reference to  FIG. 19  and  FIG. 20 .  FIG. 21  shall also be referenced as necessary. 
     When the substrate W is to be processed by the processing unit  2 , a carrying-in step of carrying the substrate W into the chamber  4  is performed (step S 1  of  FIG. 20 ). Specifically, in a state where all of the nozzles, etc., are retracted from above the spin chuck  5 , the controller  3  makes the hand of the substrate transfer robot CR that holds the substrate W enter inside the chamber  4 . The controller  3  then makes the substrate transfer robot CR place the substrate W on the plurality of chuck pins  8 . Thereafter, the controller  3  makes the hand of the substrate transfer robot CR retract from inside the chamber  4 . Also, after the substrate W has been placed on the plurality of chuck pins  8 , the controller  3  makes the respective chuck pins  8  move from the open positions to the closed positions. Thereafter the controller  3  starts the rotation of the substrate W by the spin motor  10 . 
     Thereafter, a first chemical liquid supplying step (step S 2  of  FIG. 20 ) of supplying the SPM having high temperature (first temperature), which is an example of a first chemical liquid, to the substrate W is performed. Specifically, the controller  3  controls the spin motor  10  to accelerate the substrate W to a first chemical liquid rotation speed V 1  (see  FIG. 21 ) and makes the substrate W be rotated at the first chemical liquid rotation speed V 1 . That is, the controller  3  maintains the rotation speed of the substrate W at the first chemical liquid rotation speed V 1 . Further, the controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to make the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  move from the retracted position to the processing position. The first chemical liquid nozzle  11  is thereby positioned above the substrate W. Thereafter, the controller  3  opens the sulfuric acid valve  19  and the first hydrogen peroxide water valve  24  to make the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  discharge the SPM having the first temperature (for example, 160° C.) toward the upper surface of the substrate W that is rotating at the first chemical liquid rotation speed V 1 . The controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to make the liquid landing position of the SPM with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W move between the central portion and the peripheral edge portion in this state. 
     The SPM discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  lands on the upper surface of the substrate W and thereafter flows outward along the upper surface of the substrate W due to a centrifugal force. The SPM is thus supplied to the entirety of the upper surface of the substrate W and a liquid film of SPM that covers the entire upper surface of the substrate W is thereby formed on the substrate W. The resist film and the SPM are thereby made to undergo a chemical reaction and the resist film on the substrate W is removed from the substrate W by the SPM. Further, the controller  3  makes the liquid landing position of the SPM with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W move between the central portion and the peripheral edge portion in the state where the substrate W is rotating so that the liquid landing position of the SPM passes through the entire upper surface of the substrate W and the entire upper surface of the substrate W is scanned. The SPM discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  is thus supplied to the entire upper surface of the substrate W and the entire upper surface of the substrate W is processed uniformly. 
     Thereafter, a puddle step of holding the liquid film of SPM on the substrate W in a state where the discharge of SPM is stopped (step S 3  of  FIG. 20 ) is performed. Specifically, the controller  3  controls the spin motor  10  to decelerate the substrate W to a second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2  (see  FIG. 21 ), lower than the rotation speed of the substrate W in the first chemical liquid supplying step (first chemical liquid rotation speed V 1 ), in the state where the entire upper surface of the substrate W is covered by the liquid film of SPM and makes the substrate W rotate at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2 . The centrifugal force applied to the SPM on the substrate W thus weakens and the flow rate of SPM expelled from the substrate W decreases. In the state where the substrate W is rotating at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2 , the controller  3  closes the sulfuric acid valve  19  and the first hydrogen peroxide water valve  24  to stop the discharge of SPM from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11 . The liquid film of SPM that covers the entire upper surface of the substrate W is thereby held on the substrate W in the state where the discharge of SPM is stopped. After stopping the discharge of SPM, the controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to put the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  on standby above the substrate W. 
     Also, a heating step (step S 4  of  FIG. 20 ) of using the infrared heater  58  to heat the substrate W and the SPM on the substrate W at a heating temperature, which is higher than the temperature (first temperature) of the SPM before the SPM is supplied to the substrate W, is performed in parallel to the first chemical liquid supplying step (step S 2  of  FIG. 20 ) and the puddle step (step S 3  of  FIG. 20 ). Specifically, the controller  3  controls the heater moving device  60  to move the infrared heater  58  from the retracted position to the processing position. The infrared heater  58  is thereby positioned above the substrate W. Thereafter, the controller  3  makes the infrared heater  58  start emitting light. The temperature of the infrared heater  58  thus rises to the heating temperature (for example, of not less than 200° C.) that is not less than the boiling point of the SPM at its current concentration and is maintained at the heating temperature. 
     After the infrared heater  58  starts emitting light at a position above the substrate W, the controller  3  makes the infrared heater  58  move by the heater moving device  60  to make the position of irradiation of the infrared rays with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W move within the upper surface of the substrate W. After the heating of the substrate W by the infrared heater  58  has been performed for a predetermined time, the controller  3  makes the infrared heater  58  stop emitting light in the state where the substrate W is rotating at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2  and the liquid film of SPM covering the entire upper surface of the substrate W is held on the substrate W. Thereafter, the controller  3  controls the heater moving device  60  to retract the infrared heater  58  from above the substrate W. The emitting of light and moving of the infrared heater  58  may be performed simultaneously or the moving may be started after the emitting of light. 
     The controller  3  thus makes the position of irradiation of the infrared rays with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W move within the upper surface of the substrate W in the state where the substrate W is being rotated and therefore the substrate W is heated uniformly. The liquid film of SPM covering the entire upper surface of the substrate W is thus also heated uniformly. The temperature of heating of the substrate W by the infrared heater  58  is set to a temperature not less than the boiling point of the SPM at its current concentration. The SPM on the substrate W is thus heated to the boiling point at its current concentration. In particular, when the temperature of heating of the substrate W by the infrared heater  58  is set to a temperature higher than the boiling point of the SPM at its current concentration, the temperature at the interface of the substrate W and the SPM is maintained at a temperature higher than the boiling point to promote removal of foreign matter (resist film) from the substrate W. 
     Thereafter, a reaction liquid supplying step (step S 5  of  FIG. 20 ) of supplying SPM, which is an example of a reaction-liquid-containing liquid to the substrate W, and a reaction liquid concentration changing step (step S 6  of  FIG. 20 ) of decreasing the proportion of the sulfuric acid mixed with the hydrogen peroxide water to increase the proportion of the hydrogen peroxide water in the SPM discharged toward the substrate W are performed in parallel. Further, in parallel to the reaction liquid supplying step and the reaction liquid concentration changing step, a first temperature decrease suppressing step (step S 7  of  FIG. 20 ) of supplying pure water, which is an example of a heating fluid having a first intermediate temperature lower than the temperature (first temperature) of the SPM and higher than the temperature (second temperature) of a rinse liquid supplied to the substrate W in a first rinse liquid supplying step (step S 8  of  FIG. 20 ) to be described below, to the lower surface of the substrate W is performed. 
     In regard to the reaction liquid supplying step, the controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to position the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  at the intermediate position at which the processing liquid discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  lands on the upper surface intermediate portion of the substrate W. Thereafter, the controller  3  opens the sulfuric acid valve  19  and the hydrogen peroxide water valve  24  to make the SPM (reaction-liquid-containing liquid) of the first temperature be discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  toward the upper surface of the substrate W that is rotating at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2 . The supplying of fresh SPM (reaction-liquid-containing liquid) that has not reacted with the substrate W is thereby started at the upper surface intermediate portion of the substrate W. 
     After the supplying of the SPM (reaction-liquid-containing liquid) is started, the controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to move the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  from the upper surface intermediate portion to the upper surface central portion in the state where the substrate W is rotating at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2 . The liquid landing position of the SPM with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W is thereby moved to the central portion. Thereafter, the controller  3  closes the sulfuric acid valve  19  and the hydrogen peroxide water valve  24  to stop the discharge of SPM from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11 . In succession, the controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to make the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  retract from above the substrate W. The reaction liquid supplying step is thereby ended. 
     In regard to the reaction liquid concentration changing step, while the reaction liquid supplying step is being performed, the controller  3  adjusts the opening degrees of the sulfuric acid flow control valve  20  and the hydrogen peroxide water flow control valve  25  to change the mixing ratio of sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide water while maintaining fixed the discharge flow rate of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11 . As shown in the upper stage in  FIG. 21 , the controller  3 , for example, gradually reduces the flow rate of the sulfuric acid supplied to the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  and gradually increases the flow rate of the hydrogen peroxide water supplied to the first chemical liquid nozzle  11 . Eventually, the controller  3  changes the mixing ratio of sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide water, for example, from 2 (sulfuric acid) to 1 (hydrogen peroxide water) to 1 (sulfuric acid) to 1 (hydrogen peroxide water) continuously or in steps. The mixing ratio immediately before the discharge of the SPM is stopped is thus set to 1 (sulfuric acid) to 1 (hydrogen peroxide water). 
     In the reaction liquid concentration changing step, the mixing ratio may be changed gradually after starting processing with the mixing ratio (for example, 10 (sulfuric acid) to 1 (hydrogen peroxide water)) in the first chemical liquid supplying step (step S 2  of  FIG. 20 ). Further, in the final stage of the reaction liquid concentration changing step, the proportion of the sulfuric acid may be reduced to zero. 
     In regard to the first temperature decrease suppressing step, the controller  3  makes pure water of the first intermediate temperature (for example, a temperature higher than room temperature) be discharged from the lower surface nozzle  45  toward the lower surface of the substrate W that is rotating at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2 . The pure water discharged from the lower surface nozzle  45  lands on the lower surface central portion of the substrate W and thereafter flows outward along the lower surface of the substrate W to the peripheral edge of the substrate W due to a centrifugal force. The pure water is thereby supplied to the entire lower surface of the substrate W. Temperature decrease of the substrate W and the SPM is thus suppressed. After elapse of a predetermined time from the opening of the heating liquid valve  47 , the controller  3  closes the heating liquid valve  47  to stop the discharge of pure water from the lower surface nozzle  45 . Thereafter, the controller  3  opens and closes the gas valve  55  to make nitrogen gas be discharged temporarily from the gas discharge port  53 . The pure water is thereby expelled from between the substrate W and the spin base  7 . 
     In the reaction liquid supplying step, the proportion of the hydrogen peroxide water contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid (SPM) is gradually increased. As the proportion of the hydrogen peroxide water having room temperature increases, the temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid decreases to a temperature lower than the first temperature and not less than room temperature. The reaction-liquid-containing liquid that lands on the upper surface central portion of the substrate W spreads along the substrate W from the liquid landing position to a periphery of the liquid landing position. Further, the reaction-liquid-containing liquid on the substrate W flows outward along the substrate W toward the peripheral edge of the substrate W while flowing along the substrate W in a circumferential direction toward the downstream side of the rotation direction. The reaction-liquid-containing liquid having lower temperature than the substrate W and the SPM is thereby supplied to the entire upper surface of the substrate W covered by the liquid film of SPM. The reaction-liquid-containing liquid thus flows along the substrate W while taking away the heat of the substrate W and the SPM that are higher in temperature than the reaction-liquid-containing liquid. 
     In the reaction liquid supplying step, the temperatures of the substrate W and the SPM (especially the temperatures at the liquid landing position and the vicinity thereof) decrease because the reaction-liquid-containing liquid, which is lower in temperature than the heating temperature due to the infrared heater  58 , is supplied to the substrate W. However, the sulfuric acid contained in the SPM on the substrate W and the sulfuric acid contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid generate heat due to reaction with the hydrogen peroxide water contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid and therefore significant decrease of the temperatures of the substrate W and the SPM at the liquid landing position is suppressed or prevented. Further, the temperature decrease amounts of the substrate W and the SPM at the liquid landing position are reduced by the first temperature decrease suppressing step being performed in parallel to the reaction liquid supplying step. Increase of the temperature difference of the substrate W between the liquid landing position and other positions can thus be suppressed. Deformation of the substrate W due to the temperature difference can thus be suppressed and the amount of warping of the substrate W can be reduced. 
     Further, the reaction liquid concentration changing step is performed in parallel to the reaction liquid supplying step and the amount of reaction heat generated is thus reduced gradually by gradual decrease of the sulfuric acid concentration in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid. The reaction-liquid-containing liquid supplied to the substrate W thus decreases gradually in its temperature. Therefore in the reaction liquid supplying step, the temperatures of the substrate W and the SPM decrease gradually due to the supplying of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid. The temperature difference of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid with respect to the substrate W and the SPM is thus greatest when the supplying of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid is started. The supplying of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid is started at the upper surface intermediate portion of the substrate W at which the circumferential speed is greater than that at the upper surface central portion of the substrate W. Therefore, the supply flow rate of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid per unit area is lower than in a case where the supplying of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid is started at the upper surface central portion of the substrate W. The temperatures of the substrate W and the SPM at the liquid landing position can thus be suppressed or prevented from decreasing suddenly and significantly due to the supplying of a large amount of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid. Further, the reaction-liquid-containing liquid that lands on the upper surface central portion of the substrate W is expelled to the periphery of the substrate W via the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W and therefore the retention time of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid on the substrate W is longer than in a case where the supplying of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid is started at the upper surface peripheral edge portion of the substrate W. The reaction-liquid-containing liquid can thus be used efficiently. 
     Also, the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  discharges the reaction-liquid-containing liquid inwardly. Therefore the reaction-liquid-containing liquid discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  mainly flows inwardly from the liquid landing position along the substrate W. The reaction-liquid-containing liquid can thus be spread to a region further inward than the liquid landing position in a shorter time than in a case where the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  discharges the reaction-liquid-containing liquid in the direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the substrate W or in a case where the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  discharges the reaction-liquid-containing liquid outwardly. Further, the flow rate of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid flowing inwardly from the liquid landing position is increased in comparison to these cases and the retention time of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid on the substrate W is thus increased. The reaction-liquid-containing liquid can thus be used efficiently. 
     Thereafter, the first rinse liquid supplying step (step S 8  of  FIG. 20 ) of supplying pure water having room temperature, which is an example of the rinse liquid having the second temperature, to the substrate W is performed. Specifically, the controller  3  controls the third nozzle moving device  38  to move the rinse liquid nozzle  36  from the retracted position to the processing position. Thereafter, the controller  3  opens the first rinse liquid valve  40  to make the pure water having room temperature be discharged from the rinse liquid nozzle  36  toward the upper surface central portion of the substrate W. Further, the controller  3  controls the spin motor  10  to accelerate the substrate W to a rinse rotation speed V 3  greater than the first chemical liquid rotation speed V 1  and the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2  (see  FIG. 21 ) and makes the substrate W rotate at the rinse rotation speed V 3 . When a predetermined time has elapsed from the opening of the first rinse liquid valve  40 , the controller  3  closes the first rinse liquid valve  40  to stop the discharge of pure water from the rinse liquid nozzle  36 . Thereafter, the controller  3  controls the third nozzle moving device  38  to make the rinse liquid nozzle  36  retract from above the substrate W. 
     The pure water discharged from the rinse liquid nozzle  36  lands on the upper surface central portion of the substrate W that is covered by the chemical liquid or the reaction-liquid-containing liquid. The chemical liquid on the substrate W is thus forced to flow away from the central portion to a periphery thereof. The pure water that has landed on the upper surface central portion of the substrate W flows outward along the upper surface of the substrate W due to a centrifugal force. Similarly, the chemical liquid on the substrate W flows outward along the upper surface of the substrate W due to the centrifugal force. Further, the substrate W is rotating at the rinse rotation speed V 3  greater than the first chemical liquid rotation speed V 1  and the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2  and therefore a greater centrifugal force is applied to the liquid on the substrate W than those applied in the first chemical liquid supplying step and the reaction liquid supplying step. The liquid film of pure water thus spreads instantly from the central portion of the substrate W to the peripheral edge of the substrate W and the chemical liquid on the substrate W is replaced by the pure water in a short time. The chemical liquid on the substrate W is thereby rinsed off by the pure water. 
     Thereafter, a second chemical liquid supplying step (step S 9  of  FIG. 20 ) of supplying the SC 1 , which is an example of a second chemical liquid having a temperature before being supplied to the substrate W of less than the temperature (first temperature) of the SPM and higher than the temperature (second temperature) of the rinse liquid, to the substrate W, and a second temperature decrease suppressing step (step S 10  of  FIG. 20 ) of supplying pure water, which is an example of a heating fluid having a second intermediate temperature, lower than the temperature (first temperature) of the SPM and higher than the temperature (second temperature) of the rinse liquid, as the temperature before being supplied to the substrate W, to the lower surface of the substrate W are performed in parallel. 
     In regard to the second chemical liquid supplying step, the controller  3  controls the second nozzle moving device  31  to move the second chemical liquid nozzle  29  from the retracted position to the processing position. After the second chemical liquid nozzle  29  has been positioned above the substrate W, the controller  3  opens the second chemical liquid valve  34  to make the SC 1  be discharged from the second chemical liquid nozzle  29  toward the upper surface of the substrate W that is in the rotating state. In this state, the controller  3  controls the second nozzle moving device  31  to make the liquid landing position of the SC 1  with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W move between the central portion and the peripheral edge portion. When a predetermined time elapses from the opening of the second chemical liquid valve  34 , the controller  3  closes the second chemical liquid valve  34  to stop the discharge of the SC 1 . Thereafter, the controller  3  controls the second nozzle moving device  31  to make the second chemical liquid nozzle  29  retract from above the substrate W. 
     The SC 1  discharged from the second chemical liquid nozzle  29  lands on the upper surface of the substrate W and thereafter flows outward along the upper surface of the substrate W due to the centrifugal force. The pure water on the substrate W is thus forced to flow outward by the SC 1  and is expelled to a periphery of the substrate W. The liquid film of pure water on the substrate W is thereby replaced by the liquid film of SC 1  that covers the entire upper surface of the substrate W. Further, the controller  3  makes the liquid landing position of the SC 1  with respect to the upper surface of the substrate W move between the central portion and the peripheral edge portion in the state where the substrate W is rotating so that the liquid landing position of the SC 1  passes through the entire upper surface of the substrate W and the entire upper surface of the substrate W is scanned. The SC 1  discharged from the second chemical liquid nozzle  29  is thus supplied to the entire upper surface of the substrate W and the entire upper surface of the substrate W is processed uniformly. 
     In regard to the second temperature decrease suppressing step, the controller  3  makes pure water of the second intermediate temperature be discharged from the lower surface nozzle  45  toward the lower surface of the rotating substrate W. The pure water is thereby supplied to the entire lower surface of the substrate W. The temperature of the substrate W, which has been decreased to the second temperature by the supplying of the rinse liquid having the second temperature, can thereby be prevented from changing locally due to the supplying of the SC 1  having the temperature higher than the second temperature. After elapse of a predetermined time from the opening of the heating liquid valve  47 , the controller  3  closes the heating liquid valve  47  to stop the discharge of pure water from the lower surface nozzle  45 . Thereafter, the controller  3  opens and closes the gas valve  55  to make nitrogen gas be discharged temporarily from the gas discharge port  53 . The pure water is thereby expelled from between the substrate W and the spin base  7 . 
     Thereafter, a second rinse liquid supplying step (step S 11  of  FIG. 20 ) of supplying pure water having room temperature, which is an example of the rinse liquid, to the substrate W is performed. Specifically, the controller  3  controls the third nozzle moving device  38  to move the rinse liquid nozzle  36  from the retracted position to the processing position. After the rinse liquid nozzle  36  has been positioned above the substrate W, the controller  3  opens the first rinse liquid valve  40  to make the pure water be discharged from the rinse liquid nozzle  36  toward the upper surface of the substrate W. The SC 1  on the substrate W is thereby forced to flow outward by the pure water and is expelled to the periphery of the substrate W. The liquid film of SC 1  on the substrate W is thus replaced by the liquid film of pure water that covers the entire upper surface of the substrate W. When a predetermined time elapses from the opening of the first rinse liquid valve  40 , the controller  3  closes the first rinse liquid valve  40  to stop the discharge of pure water. Thereafter the controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to make the rinse liquid nozzle  36  retract from above the substrate W. 
     Thereafter a drying step (step S 12  of  FIG. 20 ) of drying the substrate W is performed. Specifically, the controller  3  controls the spin motor  10  to accelerate the substrate W to a drying rotation speed (for example of several thousand rpm) greater than the rotation speeds in the first chemical liquid supplying step (step S 2  of  FIG. 20 ) to the second rinse liquid supplying step (step S 11  of  FIG. 20 ) and makes the substrate W rotate at the drying rotation speed. A large centrifugal force is thereby applied to the liquid on the substrate W and the liquid attached to the substrate W is spun off to the periphery of the substrate W. The substrate W is thereby removed of liquid and the substrate W dries. After a predetermined time elapses from the start of high-speed rotation of the substrate W, the controller  3  controls the spin motor  10  to stop the rotation of the substrate W by the spin chuck  5 . 
     Thereafter, a carrying-out step (step S 13  of  FIG. 20 ) of carrying out the substrate W from inside the chamber  4  is performed. Specifically, the controller  3  moves the respective chuck pins  8  from the closed positions to the open positions to release the clamping of the substrate W by the spin chuck  5 . Thereafter in the state where all nozzles, etc., are retracted from above the spin chuck  5 , the controller  3  makes the hand of the substrate transfer robot CR enter inside the chamber  4 . The controller  3  then makes the hand of the transfer robot CR hold the substrate W on the spin chuck  5 . Thereafter, the controller  3  makes the hand of the substrate transfer robot CR retract from inside the chamber  4 . The processed substrate W is thereby carried out of the chamber  4 . 
     Although a case where a hydrogen-peroxide-water-containing liquid (hydrogen peroxide water or a mixed liquid of sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide water) is supplied as the reaction-liquid-containing liquid to the substrate W in the reaction liquid supplying step was described in the above description of the seventh processing example, a pure-water-containing liquid (pure water or a mixed liquid of sulfuric acid and pure water or a mixed liquid of SPM and pure water), containing pure water, which causes an exothermic reaction upon mixing with sulfuric acid, and having a liquid temperature not more than the first temperature and not less than the second temperature, may be supplied instead to the substrate W in the reaction liquid supplying step. Specifically, in place of the reaction liquid supplying step (step S 5  of  FIG. 21 ) of supplying the hydrogen-peroxide-water-containing liquid to the substrate W, a reaction liquid supplying step (step S 5   a  of  FIG. 21 ) of supplying the pure-water-containing liquid, which is an example of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid, to the substrate W may be executed in parallel to the reaction liquid concentration changing step and the first temperature decrease suppressing step. 
     In this case, the controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to position the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  at the intermediate position at which the processing liquid discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  lands on the upper surface intermediate portion of the substrate W. Thereafter, the controller  3  opens the sulfuric acid valve  19  and a pure water valve  427  to make a mixed liquid of sulfuric acid and pure water (pure-water-containing liquid) having a temperature lower than the first temperature and higher than the second temperature be discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  toward the upper surface of the substrate W that is rotating at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2 . The supplying of the mixed liquid of sulfuric acid and pure water (pure-water-containing liquid) is thereby started at the upper surface intermediate portion of the substrate W. 
     After the supplying of the mixed liquid of sulfuric acid and pure water (pure-water-containing liquid) is started at the upper surface intermediate portion of the substrate W, the controller  3  adjusts the opening degrees of the sulfuric acid flow control valve  20  and a pure water flow control valve  428  to change the mixing ratio of sulfuric acid and pure water while maintaining fixed the discharge flow rate of the pure-water-containing liquid discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11 . As shown in the lower stage in  FIG. 21 , the controller  3 , for example, gradually reduces the supply flow rate of the sulfuric acid to gradually decrease the discharge flow rate of the sulfuric acid discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11 . In parallel to this, the controller  3  increases the flow rate of the pure water supplied to the first chemical liquid nozzle  11 . Eventually, the controller  3  reduces the opening degree of the sulfuric acid flow control valve  20  to zero. Therefore eventually, the mixing ratio of sulfuric acid and pure water is changed to 0 (sulfuric acid) to 1 (pure water) and only the pure water (pure-water-containing liquid) having room temperature is discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11 . 
     Also in parallel to changing the mixing ratio of sulfuric acid and pure water, the controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to move the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  from the intermediate position to the central position in the state where the substrate W is rotating at the second chemical liquid rotation speed V 2 . The liquid landing position of the pure-water-containing liquid is thereby moved from the upper surface intermediate portion to the upper surface central portion of the substrate W. Thereafter, the controller  3  starts the first rinse liquid supplying step (step S 8  of  FIG. 20 ) of supplying the pure water having room temperature, which is an example of the rinse liquid having the second temperature, to the substrate W. Specifically, the controller  3  controls the spin motor  10  to make the substrate W rotate at the rinse rotation speed V 3  in the state where the pure water having room temperature is being discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  toward the upper surface central portion of the substrate W. Thereafter, the controller  3  closes the pure water valve  427  to stop the discharge of pure water from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11 . In succession, the controller  3  controls the first nozzle moving device  13  to make the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  retract from above the substrate W. 
     As described above, with the present preferred embodiment, the chemical liquid having the first temperature (the temperature of the chemical liquid before being supplied to the substrate W) is supplied to the upper surface of the substrate W. The reaction-liquid-containing liquid (the liquid containing hydrogen peroxide water or pure water as the reaction liquid) is then supplied to the upper surface of the substrate W in the state where the chemical liquid remains on the substrate W. The reaction-liquid-containing liquid supplied to the substrate W mixes with the chemical liquid remaining on the substrate W. The proportion of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid in the liquid remaining on the substrate W thus increases and the concentration of the chemical liquid decreases. The rinse liquid having the second temperature (the temperature of the rinse liquid before being supplied to the substrate W) lower than the first temperature is supplied to the upper surface of the substrate W after the reaction-liquid-containing liquid has been supplied to the substrate W. The liquid remaining on the substrate W (the liquid containing the chemical liquid and the reaction-liquid-containing liquid) is thereby rinsed off. 
     When the supplying of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid is started, the temperature of the substrate W approaches the temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid. The temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid before being supplied to the substrate W is not more than the temperature (first temperature) of the chemical liquid and not less than the temperature (second temperature) of the rinse liquid. Upon mixing with the chemical liquid (SPM), the reaction liquid (hydrogen peroxide water or pure water) contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid causes an exothermic reaction. Therefore, when the reaction-liquid-containing liquid is supplied to the upper surface of the substrate W in the state where the chemical liquid remains on the substrate W, the exothermic reaction occurs at the liquid landing position of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid and at positions in its vicinity so that the temperature decrease amount of the substrate W is reduced in the liquid landing position vicinity region. The temperature of the substrate W thus approaches the temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid gradually. That is, sudden temperature change of the substrate W is suppressed. 
     Further, the proportion of the heat generating liquid (sulfuric acid or SPM) contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid decreases from that at the start of discharge of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid so that the proportion of the reaction liquid (hydrogen peroxide water or pure water) having lower temperature than the heat generating liquid increases and consequently, the temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid decreases. Therefore, the reaction-liquid-containing liquid having lower temperature than the reaction-liquid-containing liquid at the start of discharge is supplied to the upper surface of the substrate W and the temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid approaches the temperature (second temperature) of the rinse liquid. The temperature decrease of the substrate W in the liquid landing position vicinity region is thus made even more gradual. Sudden and rapid temperature decrease of the substrate W can thus be suppressed to reduce the amount of deformation of the substrate W in comparison to a case where the pure water having room temperature is supplied to the substrate W in succession to the supplying of the SPM having high temperature. 
     Also with the present preferred embodiment, the reaction-liquid-containing liquid, in which the proportion of the heat generating liquid (SPM) is large, is discharged toward the upper surface of the substrate W. Thereafter, the proportion of the heat generating liquid contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid is reduced. The temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid that is discharged toward the substrate W thus decreases greatly gradually. Therefore, even when the temperature difference of the chemical liquid and the rinse liquid is large, that is, even when the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature is large, the temperature of the substrate W can be made to approach the temperature of the rinse liquid gradually and yet uniformly. Deformation of the substrate W due to temperature difference can thereby be suppressed or prevented. 
     Also with the present preferred embodiment, the proportion of the heat generating liquid (sulfuric acid) contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid is reduced to zero. The heat generating liquid contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid is thus eliminated and only the reaction liquid (pure water) is discharged toward the substrate W. The temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid that is discharged toward the substrate W thus decreases greatly gradually and the temperature change amount of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid increases. Therefore, even when the temperature difference of the chemical liquid and the rinse liquid is large, the temperature of the substrate W can be made to approach the temperature of the rinse liquid gradually and yet uniformly. 
     Also with the present preferred embodiment, the reaction-liquid-containing liquid is made up of sulfuric acid and pure water and the proportion of the heat generating liquid (sulfuric acid) contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid is reduced to zero. The heat generating liquid contained in the reaction-liquid-containing liquid is thus eliminated and only the reaction liquid, that is, the same type of liquid as the rinse liquid supplied to the substrate W in the second rinse liquid supplying step (step S 8  of  FIG. 20 ) is discharged toward the substrate W. Therefore not only does the temperature of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid decrease greatly gradually but the affinity of the liquid, remaining on the substrate W before the second rinse liquid supplying step (step S 8  of  FIG. 20 ), and the rinse liquid is increased as well. The liquid remaining on the substrate W can thus be rinsed off smoothly by supplying the rinse liquid after supplying the reaction-liquid-containing liquid. 
     OTHER PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not restricted to the contents of the above-described preferred embodiments and various modifications are possible within the scope of the present invention. 
     For example, although with each of the processing examples described above, the case where the puddle step of making the substrate W and the SPM react is performed in the state where the discharge of SPM from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  is stopped was described, the puddle step may be omitted and the reaction liquid supplying step may be started in succession to the end of the first chemical liquid supplying step. 
     Also, although with each of the processing examples, the case where the substrate W and the SPM are heated by the infrared heater  58  was described, the heating step of heating the substrate W and the SPM by the infrared heater  58  (step S 4  of  FIG. 5 ) may be omitted. 
     Also, although with each of the processing examples, the case where the first temperature decrease suppressing step is started at the same time as the reaction liquid supplying step (step S 5  of  FIG. 5 ) was described, the first temperature decrease suppressing step (step S 6  of  FIG. 5 ) may be started before the start or after the start of the reaction liquid supplying step. Similarly, the second temperature decrease suppressing step (step S 9  of  FIG. 5 ) may be started before the start or after the start of the second chemical liquid supplying step (step S 8  of  FIG. 5 ). 
     Also, although with each of the processing examples, the case where the second temperature decrease suppressing step (step S 9  of  FIG. 5 ) is started after the first temperature decrease suppressing step (step S 6  of  FIG. 5 ) is ended, that is, after the discharge of the heating fluid is stopped was described, the discharge of the heating fluid may be continued from the start of the reaction liquid supplying step (step S 5  of  FIG. 5 ) to the end of the second chemical liquid supplying step (step S 8  of  FIG. 5 ). 
     Also, although with each of the processing examples, the case where the processing unit  2  performs the resist removing process was described, the process performed by the processing unit  2  is not restricted to the resist removing process and may be another process, such as a cleaning process or an etching process, etc. 
     Also, although with each of the preferred embodiments described above, the case where the spin chuck  5  is a clamping type chuck that includes the plurality of chuck pins  8  was described, the spin chuck  5  may instead be a vacuum type chuck with which the lower surface (rear surface) of the substrate W is suctioned onto an upper surface of a spin base (suction base). 
     Also, although with each of the preferred embodiments, the case where the first chemical liquid nozzle  11 , the second chemical liquid nozzle  29 , and the rinse liquid nozzle  36  are mounted on separate nozzle arms was described, two or more of the nozzles may be mounted on a nozzle arm in common. Similarly, the infrared heater  58  may be mounted on an arm in common with the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  or other processing liquid nozzle that discharges a processing liquid. 
     Also, although with each of the preferred embodiments, the case where two pipings (the first hydrogen peroxide water piping  23  and the second hydrogen peroxide water piping  26 ) that supply the hydrogen peroxide water to the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  are provided was described, one of these pipings may be omitted. Similarly, although the case where two pipings (the first rinse liquid piping  39  and the second rinse liquid piping  42 ) that supply the rinse liquid to the rinse liquid nozzle  36  are provided was described, one of these pipings may be omitted. 
     Also, although with each of the preferred embodiments, the case where the temperature of the reaction liquid (hydrogen peroxide water or pure water) before being supplied to the substrate is room temperature was described, the temperature of the reaction liquid before being supplied to the substrate may be higher than room temperature as long as it is lower than the temperature (first temperature) of the SPM before being supplied to the substrate. 
     Also, although with each of the preferred embodiments, the case where warm water (pure water heated to the first intermediate temperature), which is an example of the heating liquid, is supplied to the lower surface of the substrate W was described, a heating gas may be supplied instead of a heating liquid to the lower surface of the substrate W. 
     Specifically, in at least one of either of the first temperature decrease suppressing step (step S 6  of  FIG. 5 ) or the second temperature decrease suppressing step (step S 9  of  FIG. 5 ), the controller  3  may open the gas valve  55  to make nitrogen gas of the first intermediate temperature (for example, a temperature higher than room temperature) be discharged from the gas discharge port  53  that opens at the upper surface central portion of the spin base  7 . In this case, the nitrogen gas discharged from the gas discharge port  53  spreads radially in the space between the lower surface of the substrate W and the upper surface of the spin base  7  from the upper surface central portion of the spin base  7 . The space between the lower surface of the substrate W and the upper surface of the spin base  7  is thereby filled with the nitrogen gas of the first intermediate temperature and the temperature decrease of the substrate W is suppressed by the nitrogen gas, which is an example of the heating gas. 
     Also, although with the seventh processing example, the case where the substrate W and the SPM are heated by the infrared heater  58  was described, the heating step of heating the substrate W and the SPM by the infrared heater  58  (step S 4  of  FIG. 20 ) may be omitted. Similarly, at least one of either of the first temperature decrease suppressing step (step S 7  of  FIG. 20 ) and the second temperature decrease suppressing step (step S 10  of  FIG. 20 ) may be omitted. 
     Also, although with the seventh processing example, the case where the supplying of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid to the upper surface of the substrate W is started at the upper surface intermediate portion of the substrate W was described, the supplying of the reaction-liquid-containing liquid may be started at a position besides the upper surface central portion of the substrate W (for example, at the upper surface peripheral edge portion). 
     Also, although with the seventh processing example, the case where the mixing ratio of sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide water is eventually changed to 1 (sulfuric acid) to 1 (hydrogen peroxide water) was described, the proportion of sulfuric acid may eventually be reduced to zero so that only the hydrogen peroxide water (hydrogen-peroxide-water-containing liquid) having room temperature is discharged from the first chemical liquid nozzle  11 . 
     Also, although with the seventh processing example, the case where the first temperature decrease suppressing step is started at the same time as the reaction liquid supplying step (step S 5  of  FIG. 20 ) was described, the first temperature decrease suppressing step (step S 7  of  FIG. 20 ) may be started before the start or after the start of the reaction liquid supplying step. Similarly, the second temperature decrease suppressing step (step S 10  of  FIG. 20 ) may be started before the start or after the start of the second chemical liquid supplying step (step S 9  of  FIG. 20 ). 
     Also, although with the seventh processing example, the case where the second temperature decrease suppressing step (step S 10  of  FIG. 20 ) is started after the first temperature decrease suppressing step (step S 7  of  FIG. 20 ) is ended, that is, after the discharge of the heating fluid is stopped was described, the discharge of the heating fluid may be continued from the start of the reaction liquid supplying step (step S 5  of  FIG. 20 ) to the end of the second chemical liquid supplying step (step S 9  of  FIG. 20 ). 
     Also, although with the seventh processing example, the case where the processing unit  2  performs the resist removing process was described, the process performed by the processing unit  2  is not restricted to the resist removing process and may be another process, such as a cleaning process or an etching process, etc. 
     Also, although with the seventh processing example, the case where the reaction-liquid-containing liquid (mixed liquid of sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide water or mixed liquid of sulfuric acid and pure water) that has been mixed in advance is supplied to the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  was described, the reaction-liquid-containing liquid may be mixed on the substrate W instead. For example, in the case where the reaction-liquid-containing liquid is the mixed liquid of sulfuric acid and pure water, the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  may discharge sulfuric acid and the rinse liquid nozzle  36  may discharge pure water at the same time. 
     Also, although with each of the preferred embodiments described above, the case where the spin chuck  5  is a clamping type chuck that includes the plurality of chuck pins  8  was described, the spin chuck  5  may instead be a vacuum type chuck with which the lower surface (rear surface) of the substrate W is suctioned onto an upper surface of a spin base (suction base). 
     Also, although with each of the preferred embodiments, the case where the first chemical liquid nozzle  11 , the second chemical liquid nozzle  29 , and the rinse liquid nozzle  36  are mounted on separate nozzle arms was described, two or more of the nozzles may be mounted on a nozzle arm in common. Similarly, the infrared heater  58  may be mounted on an arm in common with the first chemical liquid nozzle  11  or other processing liquid nozzle that discharges a processing liquid. 
     Also, although with each of the preferred embodiments, the case where warm water (pure water heated to the first intermediate temperature), which is an example of the heating liquid, is supplied to the lower surface of the substrate W was described, a heating gas may be supplied instead of a heating liquid to the lower surface of the substrate W. 
     Specifically, in at least one of either of the first temperature decrease suppressing step (step S 7  of  FIG. 20 ) or the second temperature decrease suppressing step (step S 10  of  FIG. 20 ), the controller  3  may open the gas valve  55  to make nitrogen gas of the first intermediate temperature (for example, a temperature higher than room temperature) be discharged from the gas discharge port  53  that opens at the upper surface central portion of the spin base  7 . In this case, the nitrogen gas discharged from the gas discharge port  53  spreads radially in the space between the lower surface of the substrate W and the upper surface of the spin base  7  from the upper surface central portion of the spin base  7 . The space between the lower surface of the substrate W and the upper surface of the spin base  7  is thereby filled with the nitrogen gas of the first intermediate temperature and the temperature decrease of the substrate W is suppressed by the nitrogen gas, which is an example of the heating gas. 
     Also, although with each of the preferred embodiments, the case where the substrate processing apparatus  1  is an apparatus that processes the disk-shaped substrates W was described, the substrate processing apparatus  1  may instead be an apparatus that processes polygonal substrates W, such as substrates for liquid crystal displays, etc. 
     Also, any two or more of the preferred embodiments described above may be combined. 
     The present application corresponds to Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-181508 and Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-181510 filed on Sep. 2, 2013 in the Japan Patent Office, and the entire disclosures of these applications are incorporated herein by reference. 
     While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, these are merely specific examples used to clarify the technical contents of the present invention, and the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited only to these specific examples, and the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be limited only by the appended claims.