Patent Publication Number: US-2018047936-A1

Title: Electronic component and method for producing an electronic component

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     The present application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/398,145 filed on Oct. 31, 2014, which is national stage entry according to 35 U.S.C. §371 of PCT application No.: PCT/EP2013/058317 filed on Apr. 22, 2013, which claims priority from German application No.: 10 2012 207 229.2 filed on May 2, 2012; the contents all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. 
     The claims in the instant application are different than those of the parent application or other related applications. The Applicant therefore rescinds any disclaimer of claim scope made in the parent application or any predecessor application in relation to the instant application. The Examiner is therefore advised that any such previous disclaimer and the cited references that it was made to avoid, may need to be revisited. Further, the Examiner is also reminded that any disclaimer made in the instant application should not be read into or against the parent application. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     In various embodiments, an electronic component and a method for producing an electronic component are provided. 
     BACKGROUND 
     An electronic component, for example an organic optoelectronic component, includes at least two contact pads and, for example, an organic functional layer system therebetween. An electrical terminal that supplies the organic functional layer system with current is coupled to the contact pads. 
     The electrical connection of the electrical terminal to the contact pad is conventionally secured mechanically by means of a soldering connection at a soldering location. The exposed surface of the contact pads, for example chromium, and the soldering tin are often not compatible, i.e. miscible, with one another. An arbitrary flow of the soldering tin on the exposed surface of the contact pad may occur as a result. The flowing soldering tin can then make it more difficult to precisely position the terminals on the soldering location. 
     Conventional methods for restricting the solderable regions use soldering resist or soldering pad forms (constrictions). 
     A further problem when producing an electrical connection to a component is posed by polarity reversal, incorrect polarity or short-circuiting of an electronic component in the case of similarly shaped poles, for example contact pads. 
     SUMMARY 
     In various embodiments, an electronic component and a method for producing an electronic component are provided with which it is possible to form precise soldering connections and polarity reversal protection. 
     In the context of this description, an organic substance can be understood to mean a carbon compound which, regardless of the respective state of matter, is present in chemically uniform form and is characterized by characteristic physical and chemical properties. Furthermore, in the context of this description, an inorganic substance can be understood to mean a compound which, regardless of the respective state of matter, is present in chemically uniform form and is characterized by characteristic physical and chemical properties, without carbon or a simple carbon compound. In the context of this description, an organic-inorganic substance (hybrid substance) can be understood to mean a compound which, regardless of the respective state of matter, is present in chemically uniform form and is characterized by characteristic physical and chemical properties, including compound portions which contain carbon and are free of carbon. In the context of this description, the term “substance” encompasses all abovementioned substances, for example an organic substance, an inorganic substance, and/or a hybrid substance. Furthermore, in the context of this description, a substance mixture can be understood to mean something which has constituents consisting of two or more different substances, the constituents of which are very finely dispersed, for example. A substance class should be understood to mean a substance or a substance mixture including one or more organic substance(s), one or more inorganic substance(s) or one or more hybrid substance(s). The term “material” can be used synonymously with the term “substance”. 
     In various embodiments, an electronic component is provided, the component including: an electrically active region, including: a first contact pad; a second contact pad; an organic functional layer structure between the first contact pad and the second contact pad; at least one electrical terminal which is coupled to the first contact pad or to the second contact pad, and an encapsulation that partly covers the electrically conductive region in such a way that a part of the first contact pad or of the second contact pad is exposed. 
     In one embodiment, the optoelectronic component may include one or a plurality of contact pads, for example 2 contact pads, 3 contact pads, 4 contact pads, 5 contact pads or more. The number of contact pads may be dependent on the areal size of the optoelectronic component and the demand for the areal homogeneity of the emitted or absorbed electromagnetic radiation of the organic optoelectronic component. Furthermore, the number of contact pads of an optoelectronic component may be dependent on the number of further optoelectronic component which are connected to an optoelectronic component, for example by being connected thereto or interconnected therewith. 
     In another embodiment, at least one of the contact pads may have a different polarity than another region of the same contact pad and/or may have a different polarity than the at least one other contact pad. 
     In this case, polarity may be understood to mean different exit points or entrance points of a type of charge carriers, for example electrons or holes, of a current source. 
     In another embodiment, the first contact pad, the organic functional layer structure and the second contact pad may be arranged one above another in a planar fashion. 
     In another embodiment, the first contact pad, the organic functional layer structure and the second contact pad may be arranged alongside one another in a planar fashion. 
     In various embodiments, the first contact pad, the organic functional layer structure and the second contact pad may be arranged one above another in a planar fashion or the first contact pad, the organic functional layer structure and the second contact pad may be arranged alongside one another in a planar fashion. 
     In another embodiment, the first contact pad and/or the second contact pad may at least partly surround the organic functional layer structure. 
     In another embodiment, the first contact pad and/or the second contact pad may be at least partly surrounded by the organic functional layer structure. 
     In another embodiment, the first contact pad and/or the second contact pad may include an electrically conductive region and an electrically insulating region; and wherein the exposed regions of the first contact pad and/or of the second contact pad are free of an insulating region above or on a conductive region. The electrically conductive region of the first contact pad and/or of the second contact pad may be coupled to one of the electrodes of the organic functional layer system. 
     In another embodiment, the electrically conductive region may be formed in a self-supporting fashion or may be applied on a carrier. 
     In another embodiment, the substance or the substance mixture of the first contact pad and/or the substance or the substance mixture of the second contact pad may include or be formed from a substance from the group of substances consisting of: Cu, Ag, Au, Pt, CuSn, Cr, Al. 
     In another embodiment, the encapsulation may be formed as an insulating region of the first contact pad and/or of the second contact pad and the substance or the substance mixture of the encapsulation may include or be formed from a substance or a substance mixture from the group of substances: aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, hafnium oxide, tantalum oxide, lanthanum oxide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide, and mixtures and alloys thereof. 
     In another embodiment, the electrically insulating region may be formed as encapsulation on or above the electrically conductive layer, wherein the encapsulation may have a constitution similar or identical to the thin-film encapsulation of the organic functional layer structure, for example may be deposited in the same process. 
     In another embodiment, for coupling the electrical terminal to the first contact pad and/or the second contact pad the electrical terminal in the exposed region of the first contact pad and/or of the second contact pad may be formed a physical and electrical connection or only an electrical connection to the first contact pad. 
     In another embodiment, the electrical terminal in physical contact with the encapsulation may have or form no electrical connection to the first contact pad and/or the second contact pad. 
     In another embodiment, the first contact pad and/or the second contact pad may have a configuration including two or more exposed regions in the encapsulation. 
     In another embodiment, the configuration of the exposed regions of the encapsulation for the first contact pad may be formed differently relative to the configuration of the exposed regions of the encapsulation of the second contact pad, wherein not every contact pad may exhibit exposed regions, rather the regions to be exposed may be exposed as necessary. 
     In another embodiment, one exposed region or a plurality of exposed regions may be formed on the first contact pad and/or on the second contact pad, wherein the shape of said regions and the distance between the two or more exposed regions may be formed differently. Moreover, the position of the at least one exposed region on the contact pad may be formed identically or differently relative to the position of exposed regions on other contact pads. 
     The individual exposed regions may have an identical or different cross section. 
     The exposed region may have a geometrical shape or a part of the geometrical shape from the group of the following geometrical bodies: cylinder, cone, truncated cone, sphere, hemisphere, cube, parallelepiped, pyramid, truncated pyramid, prism, or a polyhedron. 
     Exposure of conductive regions on contact pads may be formed on all sides of the component and also simultaneously. 
     In an optoelectronic component, it is possible to form the contact pads with the exposed regions on the side with the active surface, i.e. the side by or from which electromagnetic radiation is absorbed or emitted and which may also be designated as the top side, or on contact pads on the rear side or the side faces of the optoelectronic component in non-visible and/or optically inactive regions. 
     In another embodiment, the configuration of the exposed regions of the encapsulation may be formed in such a way that in the case of corresponding polarity of electrical terminal and contact pad an electrical connection of the terminal to the contact pad may form. In the case of non-corresponding polarity of the terminals relative to the contact pads, polarity reversal protection may be formed as a result. 
     In another embodiment, the configuration of the exposed regions of the encapsulation for contact pads having identical polarity may be formed identically. 
     In another embodiment, the configurations of the exposed regions of the contact pads may be designed in such a way that an electrical connection is formed only in the case of an alignment of the component with regard to terminals formed in a stationary fashion, for example if the exposed regions of each contact pad are shaped differently and/or each contact pad has a different number of exposed regions and/or a different configurations of exposed regions. 
     In another embodiment, the difference between the layer cross section of the encapsulation of the first contact pad relative to the encapsulation of the second contact pad may include a different parameter from the group of the following parameters: the substance or the substance mixture; the homogeneity, the number of layers, the layer sequence and the layer thickness. 
     In another embodiment, in the case of corresponding polarity of the first contact pad and/or of the second contact pad with the respective terminals, the exposed regions of the encapsulation may be formed complementarily to the embodiment of the terminals. 
     In another embodiment, the complementary embodiment may include at least one complementary parameter from the group of the following parameters: shape; topography; and chemical constitution of the surface. 
     In another embodiment, at least one exposed region of the first contact pad and/or of the second contact pad may be coupled to an electrical terminal by means of a cohesive connection. 
     In another embodiment, the cohesive connection at least in one of the exposed regions may include a substance or a substance mixture of a cohesive method from the group of the following cohesive connections: welding; soldering; or adhesive bonding, i.e. for example a soldering tin, adhesive or the like. 
     In another embodiment, in the case of a plurality of exposed regions on the first contact pad and/or the second contact pad, the individual exposed regions of the first contact pad and/or of the second contact pad may simultaneously also have mutually different positively locking and/or cohesive connections. 
     In another embodiment, the shape of the exposed regions of the encapsulation may form an aligning effect on the substance or the substance mixture used for the cohesive connection process. 
     The regions to be exposed may be evaporated for example by means of a UV laser, for example by means of a pulsed ns laser, or blasted or exposed by means of a pulsed fs laser. Further methods may include for example wet-chemical etching and/or chemical and/or mechanical grinding or polishing. 
     In another embodiment, the substance or the substance mixture of the encapsulation layer may be formed as a diffusion barrier for the substance or the substance mixture of the cohesive connection. 
     In another embodiment, the coupling of at least one exposed region of a first contact pad and/or of a second contact pad to an electrical terminal may be formed by means of positively locking engagement, gravitational force or spring force. 
     In another embodiment, the shape of the exposed regions of the encapsulation and/or the shape of the terminal may be shaped in such a way that an aligning effect on the physical contact of the terminal with the exposed region of a first contact pad and/or of a second contact pad is formed. 
     In another embodiment, the electronic component may include an organic optoelectronic component, preferably an organic light emitting diode or an organic solar cell. 
     In various embodiments, a method for producing an electronic component is provided, the method including: forming an electrically active region, including: forming a first contact pad; forming an organic functional layer structure; and forming a second contact pad; at least one electrical terminal which is coupled to the first contact pad or to the second contact pad, and an encapsulation that is partly removed from the first contact pad or from the second contact pad in such a way that a part of the first contact pad or of the second contact pad is exposed. 
     In one embodiment of the method, the first contact pad, the organic functional layer structure and the second contact pad may be formed one above another in a planar fashion. 
     In another embodiment of the method, the first contact pad, the organic functional layer structure and the second contact pad may be formed alongside one another in a planar fashion. 
     In another embodiment of the method, the first contact pad and/or the second contact pad may at least partly surround the organic functional layer structure. 
     In another embodiment of the method, the first contact pad and/or the second contact pad may be at least partly surrounded by the organic functional layer structure, for example by virtue of the fact that a plurality of organic functional layer structures share at least one common contact pad. 
     In another embodiment of the method, the substance or the substance mixture for forming the first contact pad and/or the substance or the substance mixture for forming the second contact pad may include or be formed from a substance from the group of the following substances: Cu, Ag, Au, Pt, CuSn, Cr, Al. 
     In another embodiment of the method, the first contact pad and/or the second contact pad may include an electrically conductive region and an electrically insulating region; and wherein the exposed regions of the first contact pad and/or of the second contact pad are free of an insulating region above or on a conductive region. 
     In another embodiment, exposing an electrically conductive region of the first contact pads and/or of the second contact pad below the electrically insulating region, i.e. removing the electrically insulating region above or on the electrically conductive region, may be formed by means of a mechanical process or a ballistic process. 
     Mechanically exposing a conductive region of a contact pad may be formed for example by means of a glass fiber brush. 
     Ballistically exposing a conductive region of a contact pad may be realized for example by means of bombardment of the region to be exposed with particles, molecules, atoms, ions, electrons and/or photons. 
     A device for ballistic exposure by means of photons may be formed for example as a laser, formed for example with a wavelength in the range of approximately 200 nm to approximately 1500 nm, for example in a focused fashion, for example with a focus diameter in a range of approximately 10 μm to approximately 2000 μm; for example in a pulsed fashion, for example with a pulse duration in the range of approximately 100 fs to approximately 0.5 ms; for example with a power in a range of approximately 50 mW to approximately 1000 mW, for example with a power density of 100 kW/cm2 to approximately 10 GW/cm2, with a repetition rate in a range of approximately 100 Hz to approximately 1000 Hz. 
     In another embodiment of the method, for coupling the electrical terminal to the first contact pad and/or the second contact pad the electrical terminal in the exposed region of the first contact pad and/or of the second contact pad may form a physical and electrical connection or only an electrical connection to the first contact pad or to the second contact pad. 
     In this case, the electrical terminal may be formed as part of a holding device of the organic optoelectronic component, for example for energizing an organic light emitting diode. 
     In another embodiment of the method, the encapsulation may be formed as an insulating region of the first contact pad and/or of the second contact pad and the substance or the substance mixture of the encapsulation may include or be formed from a substance or a substance mixture from the group of substances: aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, hafnium oxide, tantalum oxide, lanthanum oxide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide, and mixtures and alloys thereof. 
     In another embodiment of the method, the electrical terminal in physical contact with the encapsulation may have or form no electrical connection to the first contact pad and/or the second contact pad. 
     In another embodiment of the method, when exposing the regions of the first contact pad and/or when exposing the regions of the second contact pad, a configuration including two or more exposed regions may be formed in the encapsulation of the first contact pad and/or of the second contact pad. 
     In another embodiment of the method, in the case of the first contact pad and/or in the case of the second contact pad a different number of exposed regions may be formed, for example none, one, two, three or more. 
     The exposed regions can, among one another and/or relative to the exposed regions of other contact pads, have different distances from one another. 
     The distance between the electrical terminals and/or the shape of the electrical terminals does not correspond to the distance between the exposed regions of the contact pad in the case of incorrect alignment, i.e. polarity reversal of the component relative to the electrical terminals. Polarity reversal protection may be formed as a result. 
     The exposed regions on a contact pad and relative to the exposed regions of other contact pads may have a different shape and/or extent. As a result, it is possible to form polarity reversal protection which may prevent incorrect polarity, polarity reversal or short-circuiting of an optoelectronic component, for example in the case of stationary terminals of a holding device, for example a base device. 
     In another embodiment of the method, the configuration of the exposed regions of the encapsulation for the first contact pad may be formed differently relative to the configuration of the exposed regions of the encapsulation of the second contact pad. 
     In another embodiment of the method, the configuration of the exposed regions of the encapsulation may be formed in such a way that in the case of corresponding polarity of electrical terminal and contact pad an electrical connection of the electrical terminal to the contact pad is formed. 
     In another embodiment of the method, the configuration of the exposed regions of the encapsulation for the first contact pad and/or for the second contact pad having identical polarity may be formed identically. 
     In another embodiment of the method, on the at least one contact pad the regions of the encapsulation may be exposed in such a way that only an alignment of the organic optoelectronic component relative to the electrical terminals leads to an electrical connection. 
     An unambiguous alignment of a component may be formed, without altering the outer shape of the holding device or of the electronic component, for example if each contact pad or each electrical terminal complementary thereto is formed individually, i.e. uniquely, with regard to shape and distance from other exposed regions or electrical terminals. 
     Depending on the constitution and embodiment of the electronic component, contact pads lying opposite in a planar fashion, for example, may have an identical polarity and thus enable for example a homogeneous energization of one optoelectronic component or an interconnection of a plurality of optoelectronic components. 
     In another embodiment of the method, the exposed region of the encapsulation of the first contact pad and/or of the second contact pad may be formed complementarily to the shape of the respective terminal. 
     In another embodiment of the method, complementarily forming the exposed region of the encapsulation and of the terminal may include at least one parameter from the group of the following parameters: the shape; the topography; and the chemical constitution of the surface. 
     In another embodiment of the method, the coupling of the terminal to the exposed part of the first contact pad or to the exposed part of the second contact pad may include a cohesive connection process. 
     In another embodiment of the method, the cohesive connection may include a joining method from the group of the following methods: welding; soldering; or adhesive bonding. 
     In another embodiment of the method, the conductive region may be exposed in such a way that when producing the physical contact of a terminal with a contact pad, the shape of the exposed regions of the encapsulation form an aligning effect on the substance or the substance mixture used for the cohesive connection. 
     For the cohesive connection of an electrical terminal to the conductive region in the exposed region of the first contact pad and/or of the second contact pad, the exposed regions of the encapsulation may be filled partly or wholly with the substance or substance mixture for the cohesive connection. 
     The substance or the substance mixture of the cohesive connection may be, prior to the connection process, in a non-solid state, for example liquid or viscous, for example a non-cured epoxy, a thermally conductive paste, soldering tin, or some other liquid or liquefied metal or metal compound, for example metal alloy. 
     The substance or the substance mixture of the encapsulation may be formed as impermeable to the substance or the substance mixture of the cohesive connection, as a result of which the encapsulation forms a diffusion barrier for the substance or the substance mixture of the cohesive connection. 
     In another embodiment of the method, the substance or the substance mixture of the encapsulation layer may be formed as a diffusion barrier for the substance or the substance mixture of the cohesive connection. 
     The shape of the exposed regions, for example of a truncated cone, may have an aligning effect, i.e. position-directing effect, for the substance or the substance mixture of the cohesive connection and an electrical terminal if the electrical terminal is guided into the exposed region. The aligning effect may be reinforced if the electrical terminal is shaped complementarily to the exposed region. 
     By means of the aligning effect, it is possible to compensate for deviations from the complementary alignment of the electrical terminals relative to the exposed regions by means of a position-correcting shape, for example tapering. 
     In the case of an electrically conductive substance or substance mixture of the cohesive connection, by means of just coupling an electrical terminal to the substance or the substance mixture of the cohesive connection it is possible to form an electrical connection between electrical terminal and exposed electrically conductive region of the contact pad, i.e. the extent of the electrical terminals may be smaller than the extent of the exposed regions. The alignment of the electrical terminals relative to the exposed regions may be simplified as a result. 
     The extent of the exposed regions may be chosen with a magnitude such that it is possible for the substance or the substance mixture of the cohesive connection, for example the soldering tin, to flow below the pin, as a result of which the electrical terminal may be prevented from slipping. An electrical terminal may be embodied for example in the form of a pin. 
     In this case, preventing the substance or the substance mixture of the cohesive connection from running may be intensified or reduced by means of adapting the surface tension of the substance or the substance mixture of the encapsulation and the surface tension of the substance or the substance mixture of the cohesive connection. 
     In the case of a non-conductive substance or substance mixture of the cohesive connection, it is possible to form an electrical connection between electrical terminal and electrically conductive region of the contact pad by means of physical contact. 
     In another embodiment of the method, the coupling of a terminal to the exposed region of the first contact pad or to the exposed region of the second contact pad may be formed by means of positively locking engagement, gravitational force or spring force. 
     In another embodiment of the method, contact pads of identical polarity may be electrically connected to one another by means of electrical bridges, i.e. connected in parallel, for example with conventional wirings which may be fixed with a cohesive or positively locking connection. 
     Defined positions for the electrical bridges may be realized by means of the exposed regions. The defined positions may be used for example for forming the bridges in an automated fashion, for example by means of a robot. 
     By means of the exposed regions, connecting contact pads in parallel may furthermore be simplified, since only one cable is processed/held per soldering location, for example. 
     By means of the formation of electrical bridges by means of the exposed regions, cohesive connections, for example soldering locations, may be formed serially, such that soldering locations that had already been formed may remain, i.e. are no longer released or altered. 
     In another embodiment of the method, the first contact pad and/or the second contact pad may have a plurality of exposed regions and may be connected to an electrical terminal, wherein more than one contact pad of identical polarity may be connected in parallel and energized by means of electrical bridges with the unoccupied, exposed regions. 
     In another embodiment of the method, exposed regions that are not used for the energization may be used for aligning and/or fixing the electronic component. 
     In another embodiment of the method, the electronic component may include an organic optoelectronic component, preferably an organic light emitting diode or an organic solar cell. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       In the drawings, like reference characters generally refer to the same parts throughout the different views. The drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead generally being placed upon illustrating the principles of the disclosed embodiments. In the following description, various embodiments described with reference to the following drawings, in which: 
         FIG. 1  shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an optoelectronic component, in accordance with various embodiments; 
         FIG. 2  shows a schematic plan view of the rear side of an optoelectronic component, in accordance with various embodiments; 
         FIG. 3  shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a contact pad of an optoelectronic component, in accordance with various embodiments; 
         FIG. 4  shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a contact pad of an optoelectronic component, in accordance with various embodiments; 
         FIG. 5  shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrical cohesive connection of an optoelectronic component to electrical contacts before the coupling, in accordance with various embodiments; 
         FIG. 6  shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrical cohesive connection of an optoelectronic component to electrical contacts after the coupling, in accordance with various embodiments; 
         FIG. 7  shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrical positively locking connection of an optoelectronic component to electrical contacts before the coupling, in accordance with various embodiments; 
         FIG. 8  shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrical positively locking connection of an optoelectronic component to electrical contacts after the coupling, in accordance with various embodiments; 
         FIG. 9  shows a schematic plan view of the rear side of an optoelectronic component with exposed conductive regions, in accordance with various embodiments; 
         FIG. 10  shows a schematic illustration of polarity reversal protection of an optoelectronic component in the case of incorrect polarity, in accordance with various embodiments; 
         FIG. 11  shows a schematic illustration of polarity reversal protection of an optoelectronic component in the case of correct polarity, in accordance with various embodiments; 
         FIG. 12  shows a schematic illustration of a parallel connection of an optoelectronic component, in accordance with various embodiments; and 
         FIG. 13  shows a schematic illustration of a specific embodiment of an optoelectronic component. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this description and show for illustration purposes specific embodiments in which the disclosure may be implemented. In this regard, direction terminology such as, for instance, “at the top”, “at the bottom”, “at the front”, “at the back”, “front”, “rear”, etc. is used with respect to the orientation of the figure(s) described. Since component parts of embodiments may be positioned in a number of different orientations, the direction terminology serves for illustration and is not restrictive in any way whatsoever. It goes without saying that other embodiments may be used and structural or logical changes may be made, without departing from the scope of protection of the present disclosure. It goes without saying that the features of the various embodiments described herein may be combined with one another, unless specifically indicated otherwise. Therefore, the following detailed description should not be interpreted in a restrictive sense, and the scope of protection of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims. 
     In the context of this description, the terms “connected” and “coupled” are used to describe both a direct and an indirect connection and a direct or indirect coupling. In the figures, identical or similar elements are provided with identical reference signs, insofar as this is expedient. 
       FIG. 1  shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an optoelectronic component, in accordance with various embodiments. 
     The light emitting component  100  in the form of an organic light emitting diode  100  may have a carrier  102 . The carrier  102  may serve for example as a carrier element for electronic elements or layers, for example light emitting elements. By way of example, the carrier  102  may include or be formed from glass, quartz, and/or a semiconductor material or any other suitable material. Furthermore, the carrier  102  may be a plastic film or a laminate including one or including a plurality of plastic films. The plastic may include or be formed from one or more polyolefins (for example high or low density polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP)). Furthermore, the plastic may include or be formed from polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polyester and/or polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyether sulfone (PES) and/or polyethylene naphthalate (PEN). The carrier  102  may include one or more of the materials mentioned above. The carrier  102  may be embodied as translucent or even transparent. 
     In various embodiments, the term “translucent” or “translucent layer” may be understood to mean that a layer is transmissive to light, for example to the light generated by the light emitting component, for example in one or more wavelength ranges, for example to light in a wavelength range of visible light (for example at least in a partial range of the wavelength range of from 380 nm to 780 nm). By way of example, in various embodiments, the term “translucent layer” should be understood to mean that substantially the entire quantity of light coupled into a structure (for example a layer) is also coupled out from the structure (for example layer), wherein part of the light may be scattered in this case. 
     In various embodiments, the term “transparent” or “transparent layer” may be understood to mean that a layer is transmissive to light (for example at least in a partial range of the wavelength range of from 380 nm to 780 nm), wherein light coupled into a structure (for example a layer) is also coupled out from the structure (for example layer) substantially without scattering or light conversion. Consequently, in various embodiments, “transparent” should be regarded as a special case of “translucent”. 
     For the case where, for example, a light emitting monochromatic or emission spectrum-limited electronic component is intended to be provided, it suffices for the optically translucent layer structure to be translucent at least in a partial range of the wavelength range of the desired monochromatic light or for the limited emission spectrum. 
     In various embodiments, the organic light emitting diode  100  (or else the light emitting components in accordance with the embodiments that have been described above or will be described below) may be designed as a so-called top and bottom emitter. A top and bottom emitter may also be designated as an optically transparent component, for example a transparent organic light emitting diode. 
     In various embodiments, a barrier layer  104  may optionally be arranged on or above the carrier  102 . The barrier layer  104  may include or consist of one or more of the following materials: aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, hafnium oxide, tantalum oxide, lanthanum oxide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide, and mixtures and alloys thereof. Furthermore, in various embodiments, the barrier layer  104  may have a layer thickness in a range of approximately 0.1 nm (one atomic layer) to approximately 5000 nm, for example a layer thickness in a range of approximately 10 nm to approximately 200 nm, for example a layer thickness of approximately 40 nm. 
     An electrically active region  106  of the light emitting component  100  may be arranged on or above the barrier layer  104 . The electrically active region  106  may be understood as the region of the light emitting component  100  wherein an electric current flows for the operation of the light emitting component  100 . In various embodiments, the electrically active region  106  may include a first electrode  110 , a second electrode  114  and an organic functional layer structure  112 , as will be explained in even greater detail below. 
     In this regard, in various embodiments, the first electrode  110  (for example in the form of a first electrode layer  110 ) may be applied on or above the barrier layer  104  (or, if the barrier layer  104  is not present, on or above the carrier  102 ). The first electrode  110  (also designated hereinafter as bottom electrode  110 ) may be formed from an electrically conductive material, such as, for example, a metal or a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) or a layer stack including a plurality of layers of the same metal or different metals and/or the same TCO or different TCOs. Transparent conductive oxides are transparent conductive materials, for example metal oxides, such as, for example, zinc oxide, tin oxide, cadmium oxide, titanium oxide, indium oxide, or indium tin oxide (ITO). Alongside binary metal-oxygen compounds, such as, for example, ZnO, SnO2, or In2O3, ternary metal-oxygen compounds, such as, for example, AlZnO, Zn2SnO4, CdSnO3, ZnSnO3, MgIn2O4, GaInO3, Zn2In2O5 or In4Sn3O12, or mixtures of different transparent conductive oxides also belong to the group of TCOs and may be used in various embodiments. Furthermore, the TCOs do not necessarily correspond to a stoichiometric composition and may furthermore be p-doped or n-doped. 
     In various embodiments, the first electrode  110  may include a metal; for example Ag, Pt, Au, Mg, Al, Ba, In, Ag, Au, Mg, Ca, Sm or Li, and compounds, combinations or alloys of these materials. 
     In various embodiments, the first electrode  110  may be formed by a layer stack of a combination of a layer of a metal on a layer of a TCO, or vice versa. One example is a silver layer applied on an indium tin oxide layer (ITO) (Ag on ITO) or ITO-Ag-ITO multilayers. 
     In various embodiments, the first electrode  110  may provide one or a plurality of the following materials as an alternative or in addition to the abovementioned materials: networks composed of metallic nanowires and nanoparticles, for example composed of Ag; networks composed of carbon nanotubes; graphene particles and graphene layers; networks composed of semiconducting nanowires. 
     Furthermore, the first electrode  110  may include electrically conductive polymers or transition metal oxides or transparent electrically conductive oxides. 
     In various embodiments, the first electrode  110  and the carrier  102  may be formed as translucent or transparent. In the case where the first electrode  110  is formed from a metal, the first electrode  110  may have for example a layer thickness of less than or equal to approximately 25 nm, for example a layer thickness of less than or equal to approximately 20 nm, for example a layer thickness of less than or equal to approximately 18 nm. Furthermore, the first electrode  110  may have for example a layer thickness of greater than or equal to approximately 10 nm, for example a layer thickness of greater than or equal to approximately 15 nm. In various embodiments, the first electrode  110  may have a layer thickness in a range of approximately 10 nm to approximately 25 nm, for example a layer thickness in a range of approximately 10 nm to approximately 18 nm, for example a layer thickness in a range of approximately 15 nm to approximately 18 nm. 
     Furthermore, for the case where the first electrode  110  is formed from a transparent conductive oxide (TCO), the first electrode  110  may have for example a layer thickness in a range of approximately 50 nm to approximately 500 nm, for example a layer thickness in a range of approximately 75 nm to approximately 250 nm, for example a layer thickness in a range of approximately 100 nm to approximately 150 nm. 
     Furthermore, for the case where the first electrode  110  is formed from, for example, a network composed of metallic nanowires, for example composed of Ag, which may be combined with conductive polymers, a network composed of carbon nanotubes which may be combined with conductive polymers, or from graphene layers and composites, the first electrode  110  may have for example a layer thickness in a range of approximately 1 nm to approximately 500 nm, for example a layer thickness in a range of approximately 10 nm to approximately 400 nm, for example a layer thickness in a range of approximately 40 nm to approximately 250 nm. 
     The first electrode  110  may be formed as an anode, that is to say as a hole-injecting electrode, or as a cathode, that is to say as an electron-injecting electrode. 
     The first electrode  110  may have a first electrical contact pad, to which a first electrical potential (provided by an energy source (not illustrated), for example a current source or a voltage source) may be applied. Alternatively, the first electrical potential may be applied to the carrier  102  and then be fed indirectly to the first electrode  110  via said carrier. The first electrical potential may be, for example, the ground potential or some other predefined reference potential. 
     Furthermore, the electrically active region  106  of the light emitting component  100  may have an organic electroluminescent layer structure  112 , which is applied on or above the first electrode  110 . 
     The organic electroluminescent layer structure  112  may include one or a plurality of emitter layers  118 , for example including fluorescent and/or phosphorescent emitters, and one or a plurality of hole-conducting layers  116  (also designated as hole transport layer(s)  120 ). In various embodiments, one or a plurality of electron-conducting layers  116  (also designated as electron transport layer(s)  116 ) may alternatively or additionally be provided. 
     Examples of emitter materials which may be used in the light emitting component  100  in accordance with various embodiments for the emitter layer(s)  118  include organic or organometallic compounds such as derivatives of polyfluorene, polythiophene and polyphenylene (e.g. 2- or 2,5-substituted poly-p-phenylene vinylene) and metal complexes, for example iridium complexes such as blue phosphorescent FlrPic (bis(3,5-difluoro-2-(2-pyridyl)phenyl(2-carboxypyridyl) iridium III), green phosphorescent Ir(ppy)3 (tris(2-phenylpyridine)iridium III), red phosphorescent Ru (dtb-bpy)3*2(PF6) (tris[4,4′-di-tert-butyl-(2,2′)-bipyridine]ruthenium(III) complex) and blue fluorescent DPAVBi (4,4-bis[4-(di-p-tolylamino)styryl]biphenyl), green fluorescent TTPA (9,10-bis[N,N-di(p-tolyl)amino]anthracene) and red fluorescent DCM2 (4 dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-julolidyl-9-enyl-4H-pyran) as non-polymeric emitters. Such non-polymeric emitters may be deposited by means of thermal evaporation, for example. Furthermore, it is possible to use polymer emitters, which may be deposited, in particular, by means of a wet-chemical method such as spin coating, for example. 
     The emitter materials may be embedded in a matrix material in a suitable manner. 
     It should be pointed out that other suitable emitter materials are likewise provided in other embodiments. 
     The emitter materials of the emitter layer(s)  118  of the light emitting component  100  may be selected for example such that the light emitting component  100  emits white light. The emitter layer(s)  118  may include a plurality of emitter materials that emit in different colors (for example blue and yellow or blue, green and red); alternatively, the emitter layer(s)  118  may also be constructed from a plurality of partial layers, such as a blue fluorescent emitter layer  118  or blue phosphorescent emitter layer  118 , a green phosphorescent emitter layer  118  and a red phosphorescent emitter layer  118 . By mixing the different colors, the emission of light having a white color impression may result. Alternatively, provision may also be made for arranging a converter material in the beam path of the primary emission generated by said layers, which converter material at least partly absorbs the primary radiation and emits a secondary radiation having a different wavelength, such that a white color impression results from a (not yet white) primary radiation by virtue of the combination of primary and secondary radiation. 
     The organic electroluminescent layer structure  112  may generally include one or a plurality of electroluminescent layers. The one or the plurality of electroluminescent layers may include organic polymers, organic oligomers, organic monomers, organic small, non-polymeric molecules (“small molecules”) or a combination of these materials. By way of example, the organic electroluminescent layer structure  112  may include one or a plurality of electroluminescent layers embodied as a hole transport layer  120 , so as to enable for example in the case of an OLED an effective hole injection into an electroluminescent layer or an electroluminescent region. Alternatively, in various embodiments, the organic electroluminescent layer structure  112  may include one or a plurality of functional layers embodied as an electron transport layer  116 , so as to enable for example in an OLED an effective electron injection into an electroluminescent layer or an electroluminescent region. By way of example, tertiary amines, carbazo derivatives, conductive polyaniline or polyethylene dioxythiophene may be used as material for the hole transport layer  120 . In various embodiments, the one or the plurality of electroluminescent layers may be embodied as an electroluminescent layer. 
     In various embodiments, the hole transport layer  120  may be applied, for example deposited, on or above the first electrode  110 , and the emitter layer  118  may be applied, for example deposited, on or above the hole transport layer  120 . In various embodiments, electron transport layer  116  may be applied, for example deposited, on or above the emitter layer  118 . 
     In various embodiments, the organic electroluminescent layer structure  112  (that is to say for example the sum of the thicknesses of hole transport layer(s)  120  and emitter layer(s)  118  and electron transport layer(s)  116 ) may have a layer thickness of a maximum of approximately 1.5 μm, for example a layer thickness of a maximum of approximately 1.2 μm, for example a layer thickness of a maximum of approximately 1 μm, for example a layer thickness of a maximum of approximately 800 nm, for example a layer thickness of a maximum of approximately 500 nm, for example a layer thickness of a maximum of approximately 400 nm, for example a layer thickness of a maximum of approximately 300 nm. In various embodiments, the organic electroluminescent layer structure  112  may have for example a stack of a plurality of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) arranged directly one above another, wherein each OLED may have for example a layer thickness of a maximum of approximately 1.5 μm, for example a layer thickness of a maximum of approximately 1.2 μm, for example a layer thickness of a maximum of approximately 1 μm, for example a layer thickness of a maximum of approximately 800 nm, for example a layer thickness of a maximum of approximately 500 nm, for example a layer thickness of a maximum of approximately 400 nm, for example a layer thickness of a maximum of approximately 300 nm. In various embodiments, the organic electroluminescent layer structure  112  may have for example a stack of two, three or four OLEDs arranged directly one above another, in which case for example the organic electroluminescent layer structure  112  may have a layer thickness of a maximum of approximately 3 μm. 
     The light emitting component  100  may optionally generally include further organic functional layers, for example arranged on or above the one or the plurality of emitter layers  118  or on or above the electron transport layer(s)  116 , which serve to further improve the functionality and thus the efficiency of the light emitting component  100 . 
     The second electrode  114  (for example in the form of a second electrode layer  114 ) may be applied on or above the organic electroluminescent layer structure  110  or, if appropriate, on or above the one or the plurality of further organic functional layers. 
     In various embodiments, the second electrode  114  may include or be formed from the same materials as the first electrode  110 , metals being particularly suitable in various embodiments. 
     In various embodiments, the second electrode  114  (for example for the case of a metallic second electrode  114 ) may have for example a layer thickness of less than or equal to approximately 50 nm, for example a layer thickness of less than or equal to approximately 45 nm, for example a layer thickness of less than or equal to approximately 40 nm, for example a layer thickness of less than or equal to approximately 35 nm, for example a layer thickness of less than or equal to approximately 30 nm, for example a layer thickness of less than or equal to approximately 25 nm, for example a layer thickness of less than or equal to approximately 20 nm, for example a layer thickness of less than or equal to approximately 15 nm, for example a layer thickness of less than or equal to approximately 10 nm. 
     The second electrode  114  may generally be formed in a similar manner to the first electrode  110 , or differently than the latter. In various embodiments, the second electrode  114  may be formed from one or more of the materials and with the respective layer thickness, as described above in connection with the first electrode  110 . In various embodiments, both the first electrode  110  and the second electrode  114  are formed as translucent or transparent. Consequently, the light emitting component  100  illustrated in  FIG. 1  may be designed as a top and bottom emitter (to put it another way as a transparent light emitting component  100 ). 
     The second electrode  114  may be formed as an anode, that is to say as a hole-injecting electrode, or as a cathode, that is to say as an electron-injecting electrode. 
     The second electrode  114  may have a second electrical terminal, to which a second electrical potential (which is different than the first electrical potential), provided by the energy source, may be applied. The second electrical potential may have for example a value such that the difference with respect to the first electrical potential has a value in a range of approximately 1.5 V to approximately 20 V, for example a value in a range of approximately 2.5 V to approximately 15 V, for example a value in a range of approximately 3 V to approximately 12 V. 
     An encapsulation  108 , for example in the form of a barrier thin-film layer/thin-film encapsulation  108 , may optionally also be formed on or above the second electrode  114  and thus on or above the electrically active region  106 . 
     In the context of this application, a “barrier thin-film layer” or a “barrier thin film”  108  may be understood to mean, for example, a layer or a layer structure which is suitable for forming a barrier against chemical impurities or atmospheric substances, in particular against water (moisture) and oxygen. In other words, the barrier thin-film layer  108  is formed in such a way that OLED-damaging substances such as water, oxygen or solvent may not penetrate through it or at most very small proportions of said substances may penetrate through it. 
     In accordance with one configuration, the barrier thin-film layer  108  may be formed as an individual layer (to put it another way, as a single layer). In accordance with an alternative configuration, the barrier thin-film layer  108  may include a plurality of partial layers formed one on top of another. In other words, in accordance with one configuration, the barrier thin-film layer  108  may be formed as a layer stack. The barrier thin-film layer  108  or one or a plurality of partial layers of the barrier thin-film layer  108  may be formed for example by means of a suitable deposition method, e.g. by means of an atomic layer deposition (ALD) method in accordance with one configuration, e.g. a plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) method or a plasmaless atomic layer deposition (PLALD) method, or by means of a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method in accordance with another configuration, e.g. a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) method or a plasmaless chemical vapor deposition (PLCVD) method, or alternatively by means of other suitable deposition methods. 
     By using an atomic layer deposition (ALD) method, it is possible for very thin layers to be deposited. In particular, layers having layer thicknesses in the atomic layer range may be deposited. 
     In accordance with one configuration, in the case of a barrier thin-film layer  108  having a plurality of partial layers, all the partial layers may be formed by means of an atomic layer deposition method. A layer sequence including only ALD layers may also be designated as a “nanolaminate”. 
     In accordance with an alternative configuration, in the case of a barrier thin-film layer  108  including a plurality of partial layers, one or a plurality of partial layers of the barrier thin-film layer  108  may be deposited by means of a different deposition method than an atomic layer deposition method, for example by means of a vapor deposition method. 
     In accordance with one configuration, the barrier thin-film layer  108  may have a layer thickness of approximately 0.1 nm (one atomic layer) to approximately 1000 nm, for example a layer thickness of approximately 10 nm to approximately 100 nm in accordance with one configuration, for example approximately 40 nm in accordance with one configuration. 
     In accordance with one configuration in which the barrier thin-film layer  108  includes a plurality of partial layers, all the partial layers may have the same layer thickness. In accordance with another configuration, the individual partial layers of the barrier thin-film layer  108  may have different layer thicknesses. In other words, at least one of the partial layers may have a different layer thickness than one or more other partial layers. 
     In accordance with one configuration, the barrier thin-film layer  108  or the individual partial layers of the barrier thin-film layer  108  may be formed as a translucent or transparent layer. In other words, the barrier thin-film layer  108  (or the individual partial layers of the barrier thin-film layer  108 ) may consist of a translucent or transparent material (or a material combination that is translucent or transparent). 
     In accordance with one configuration, the barrier thin-film layer  108  or (in the case of a layer stack having a plurality of partial layers) one or a plurality of the partial layers of the barrier thin-film layer  108  may include or consist of one of the following materials: aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, hafnium oxide, tantalum oxide, lanthanum oxide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide, and mixtures and alloys thereof. In various embodiments, the barrier thin-film layer  108  or (in the case of a layer stack having a plurality of partial layers) one or a plurality of the partial layers of the barrier thin-film layer  108  may include one or a plurality of high refractive index materials, to put it another way one or a plurality of materials having a high refractive index, for example having a refractive index of at least 2. 
     In various embodiments, on or above the encapsulation  108 , it is possible to provide an adhesive and/or a protective lacquer  124 , by means of which, for example, a cover  126  (for example a glass cover  126 ) is fixed, for example adhesively bonded, on the encapsulation  108 . In various embodiments, the optically translucent layer composed of adhesive and/or protective lacquer  124  may have a layer thickness of greater than 1 nm, for example a layer thickness of several nm. In various embodiments, the adhesive may include or be a lamination adhesive. 
     In various embodiments, light-scattering particles may also be embedded into the layer of the adhesive (also designated as adhesive layer), which particles may lead to a further improvement in the color angle distortion and the coupling-out efficiency. In various embodiments, the light-scattering particles provided may be dielectric scattering particles, for example, such as metal oxides, for example, such as e.g. silicon oxide (SiO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), zirconium oxide (ZrO2), indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO), gallium oxide (Ga2Oa), aluminum oxide, or titanium oxide. Other particles may also be suitable provided that they have a refractive index that is different than the effective refractive index of the matrix of the translucent layer structure, for example air bubbles, acrylate, or hollow glass beads. Furthermore, by way of example, metallic nanoparticles, metals such as gold, silver, iron nanoparticles, or the like may be provided as light-scattering particles. 
     In various embodiments, between the second electrode  114  and the layer composed of adhesive and/or protective lacquer  124 , an electrically insulating layer (not shown) may also be applied, for example SiN, for example having a layer thickness in a range of approximately 300 nm to approximately 1.5 μm, for example having a layer thickness in a range of approximately 500 nm to approximately 1 μm, in order to protect electrically unstable materials, during a wet-chemical process for example. 
     In various embodiments, the adhesive may be designed in such a way that it itself has a refractive index which is less than the refractive index of the cover  126 . Such an adhesive may be for example a low refractive index adhesive such as, for example, an acrylate which has a refractive index of approximately 1.3. Furthermore, a plurality of different adhesives forming an adhesive layer sequence may be provided. 
     Furthermore, it should be pointed out that, in various embodiments, an adhesive  124  may also be completely dispensed with, for example in embodiments in which the cover  126 , for example composed of glass, are applied to the encapsulation  108  by means of plasma spraying, for example. 
     In various embodiments, the cover  126  and/or the adhesive  124  may have a refractive index (for example at a wavelength of 633 nm) of 1.55. 
     Furthermore, in various embodiments, one or a plurality of antireflective layers (for example combined with the encapsulation  108 , for example the thin-film encapsulation  108 ) may additionally be provided in the light emitting component  100 . 
       FIG. 2  shows a schematic plan view of the rear side of an optoelectronic component, in accordance with various embodiments. 
       FIG. 2  schematically illustrates the rear side of an optoelectronic component  100  with electrical contact pads  202 ,  204 ,  206 ,  208 . 
     The shape of the optoelectronic component  100  illustrated in  FIG. 2  and the shape and the positions of the electrical contact pads  202 ,  204 ,  206 ,  208  are illustrated as an example without any restriction of generality. Other geometrical shapes and more or fewer contact pads may be formed, for example 1 contact pad, 2 contact pads, 3 contact pads, 5 contact pads, 6 contact pads or more. The number of contact pads may be dependent on the areal size of the optoelectronic component  100  and the demand for the areal uniformity of the emitted or absorbed electromagnetic radiation. Furthermore, the number and shape of the contact pads of an optoelectronic component  100  may be dependent on how many further optoelectronic components  100  are intended to be connected to said optoelectronic component  100 , for example are intended to be interconnected therewith. 
     The contact pads  202 ,  204 ,  206 ,  208  may be electrically connected to the electrodes  110 ,  114  of the organic component  100 . 
     The contact pads  202 ,  204 ,  206 ,  208  may partly or wholly surround the component  200  and/or may be multilayered, such that an electrical connection may be formed for example from the top side and from the underside of a contact pad, for example top side and underside of a contact pad may have different polarities. 
     At least one of the contact pads, for example  204 , may have a different polarity than the other contact pads, for example  202 ,  206 ,  208 . In this case, polarity may be understood to mean different exit points or entrance points of charge carriers of a current source. 
       FIG. 3  shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a contact pad of an optoelectronic component, in accordance with various embodiments. 
       FIG. 3  illustrates a schematic cross-sectional view  300  of the contact pads  202 ,  204 ,  206 ,  208 . Part of the contact pads  202   204 ,  206 ,  208  is an electrically conductive region  304 , which may be electrically coupled to one of the electrodes  110  or  114  of the optoelectronic component. 
     The electrically conductive region  304  may be formed in a self-supporting fashion or may be applied on a carrier (not illustrated). 
     An encapsulation  302  may be applied on or above the electrically conductive region  304 . The encapsulation  302  may have a constitution similar or identical to the encapsulation  108  of the optoelectronic component  100  and may be formed as electrically non-conducting, i.e. electrically insulating. 
       FIG. 4  shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a contact pad of an optoelectronic component, in accordance with various embodiments. 
       FIG. 4  illustrates exposed regions  402 ,  404  in the encapsulation  302 . 
     The exposed regions  402 ,  404  may be formed after the formation of the optoelectronic component  100  by means of a mechanical process or a ballistic process. 
     Mechanical exposure of the regions  402 ,  404  to be exposed may be formed for example by means of a glass fiber brush. 
     Ballistic exposure of the regions  402 ,  404  to be exposed may be realized for example by means of bombardment of the region to be exposed with particles, molecules, atoms, ions, electrons and/or photons. 
     Bombardment with photons may be implemented for example as a laser with a wavelength in the range of approximately 200 nm to approximately 1500 nm, for example in a focused fashion, for example with a focus diameter in a range of approximately 10 μm to approximately 2000 μm, for example in a pulsed fashion, for example with a pulse duration in the range of approximately 100 fs to approximately 0.5 ms, for example with a power in a range of approximately 50 mW to approximately 1000 mW, for example with a power density of 100 kW/cm2 to approximately 10 GW/cm2 and for example with a repetition rate in a range of approximately 100 Hz to approximately 1000 Hz. 
     One exposed region or a plurality of exposed regions  402 ,  404  at a distance  406  from one another may be formed on a contact pad, wherein the distance  406  between the exposed regions and the position of the exposed regions on the contact pad may be formed differently relative to other contact pads and/or further exposed regions of the same contact pad. 
     The distance  406  between the exposed regions  402 ,  404  may be formed in a range of approximately 100 μm to approximately 10 cm, for example in a range of 1 mm to approximately 5 cm, for example in a range of approximately 5 mm to approximately 2 cm. 
     The exposed regions  402 ,  404  may have or resemble a geometrical shape or a part of a geometrical shape from the group of the following geometrical bodies: cylinder, cone, truncated cone, sphere, hemisphere, cube, parallelepiped, pyramid, truncated pyramid, prism, or a polyhedron. 
     The conductive regions  304  of the component may also be exposed at the top side or the sides of the component  200  in the non-visible and/or optically inactive region, for example in the region of the mount of the component. Exposure of regions  402 ,  404  may therefore be formed simultaneously on all sides of the component and also on a plurality of sides. 
     An exposed region may as a depression having a lateral extent of approximately 100×100 μm2 to approximately 1×1 cm2 and a depth that may correspond to the thickness of the encapsulation layer. However, for example for a mount, the exposed region may also be formed in a thinner fashion or else formed in a thicker fashion, for example for a positively locking connection. 
     The exposed regions  402 ,  404  may have an identical or different cross section, i.e. shape. 
       FIG. 5  shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrical, cohesive connection of an optoelectronic component to electrical contacts before the coupling, in accordance with various embodiments. 
       FIG. 5  illustrates a prepared cohesive connection before an electrical connection of the terminals  502  to the contact pad  400  is formed. 
     The exposed regions  402 ,  404  of the encapsulation layer  302  may be partly or wholly filled with a substance  504 ,  506  or a substance mixture  504 ,  506  for the cohesive connection. 
     The substance or the substance mixture of the cohesive connection may have a non-solid state, for example liquid or viscous, for example a non-cured epoxy, a thermally conductive paste, for example a silver-containing paste, soldering tin, or some other liquid metal. 
     The electrical terminal(s)  502  may be aligned directly above the exposed regions. The contact-making end of the terminals may be formed such that it is flat or tapering, for example conical or spherical (not shown), in order to simplify the alignment of the electrical terminals  502 . 
     The substance or the substance mixture of the encapsulation may be formed as impermeable to the substance or the substance mixture of the cohesive connection. 
       FIG. 6  shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrical, cohesive connection of an optoelectronic component to electrical contacts after the coupling, in accordance with various embodiments. 
       FIG. 6  illustrates a cohesive connection after the electrical terminals  502  were brought into physical contact with the substance or the substance mixture of the cohesive connection  504 ,  506 . 
     In the case of an electrically conductive substance  504 ,  506  or substance mixture  504 ,  506  of the cohesive connection, by means of just physically coupling the electrical terminal  502  to the substance or the substance mixture of the cohesive connection  504 ,  506  it is possible to form an electrical connection between electrical terminal  502  and electrically conductive region  304 , i.e. the dimensioning of the electrical terminals  502  may be smaller than the dimensioning of the exposed regions  402 ,  404 . The alignment of the electrical contacts  504 ,  506  relative to the exposed regions  402 ,  404  may be simplified as a result. 
     In the case of a non-conductive substance  504 ,  506  or substance mixture  504 ,  506  of the cohesive connection, an electrical connection between the electrical terminals  502  and the conductive regions  304  may be formed by means of a physical contact. 
     The shape of the exposed regions  402 ,  404  may have an aligning effect for the substance  504 ,  506  or the substance mixture  504 ,  506  of the cohesive connection and the electrical terminals  502 , if the electrical terminals are brought close to the exposed regions. 
     In this case, an aligning effect may be understood to mean a reduction of deviations of the alignment from the at least partly complementary shape of the electrical terminal  502  relative to the respectively exposed region  402 ,  404  by means of a lateral force action by means of the shape of the terminal and/or the exposed region. 
     With regard to the substance or the substance mixture of the cohesive connection, the aligning effect may prevent the substance or the substance mixture from running on the surface of the encapsulation  302 . 
     In this case, preventing the substance or the substance mixture of the cohesive connection from running may be realized by means of adapting the surface tension of the substance or the substance mixture of the encapsulation and the surface tension of the substance or the substance mixture of the cohesive connection. 
       FIG. 7  shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrical, positively locking connection of an optoelectronic component to electrical contacts before the coupling in accordance with various embodiments. 
       FIG. 7  illustrates electrical contacts  702 ,  706  aligned above the exposed regions  710 ,  712 . The extent of the electrical contacts  702 ,  706  and of the exposed regions  710 ,  712  and the ratio of the extent of the electrical contacts  702 ,  706  and of the exposed regions  710 ,  712  to one another may deviate from the cohesive connection in  FIG. 5 . 
     The electrical connection between the electrical contacts  702 ,  706  and the conductive region  304  may be formed by means of positively locking engagement of the contacts  702 ,  706  with the conductive regions  304  and/or the gravitational force and/or a spring force. 
     In order to facilitate the alignment of the positively locking connection, the electrical terminals  704 ,  708  and the exposed regions  710 ,  712  may be shaped in such a way that an aligning effect is formed by means of the shape of the exposed regions and/or terminals. 
       FIG. 8  shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrical positively locking connection of an optoelectronic component to electrical contacts after the coupling, in accordance with various embodiments. 
       FIG. 8  illustrates a positively locking electrical connection  802  of the electrical contacts  702 ,  706  to the conductive region  304  from  FIG. 7 . The connection  802  may be fixed by means of the gravitational force or a spring force, for example a holding device of the component. 
       FIG. 9  shows a schematic plan view of the rear side of an optoelectronic component with exposed conductive regions, in accordance with various embodiments. 
       FIG. 9  schematically illustrates an optoelectronic component  100  with the electrical terminals  202 ,  204 ,  206 ,  208  and the exposed regions  902 ,  904 ,  906 ,  908 ,  910 ,  912 ,  914 ,  916  of the contact pads  202 ,  204 ,  206 ,  208  in accordance with the descriptions of  FIG. 3 ,  FIG. 4 ,  FIG. 5 ,  FIG. 6 ,  FIG. 7  and/or  FIG. 8 . 
     Each of the contact pads  202 ,  204 ,  206 ,  208  may have a different number of exposed regions of the encapsulation  302  per contact pad  202 ,  204 ,  206 ,  208 , for example none, one, two, three or more; with a different distance  406  between the individual exposed regions  902 ,  904 ,  906 ,  908 ,  910 ,  912 ,  914 ,  916 ; and different shapes and extents of the individual exposed regions  902 ,  904 ,  906 ,  908 ,  910 ,  912 ,  914 ,  916 . 
       FIG. 10  shows a schematic illustration of polarity reversal protection of an optoelectronic component in the case of incorrect polarity, in accordance with various embodiments. 
       FIG. 10  illustrates an embodiment of polarity reversal protection of an optoelectronic component. The optoelectronic component may correspond to the component  900  from  FIG. 9 . 
     Alongside the component  900 , the illustration shows electrical contacts  1002 ,  1004 ,  1006 ,  1008 ,  1010 ,  1012 ,  1014 ,  1016 , the distances  1018 ,  1020  of which are formed in an invariable fashion, for example as stationary contacts of a holding device. 
     Opposite contact pads, i.e.  202 ,  206  and  204 ,  208 ; and electrical terminals, i.e.  1002 ,  1004 ,  1010 ,  1012  and  1006 ,  1008 ,  1014 ,  1016 ; may have an identical polarity. 
     The distance  1018 ,  1020  between the electrical terminals  1002 ,  1004 ,  1006 ,  1008 ,  1010 ,  1012 ,  1014 ,  1016 , in the case of incorrect alignment, i.e. polarity reversal, of the component  900 , cannot correspond to the distance  1022 ,  1024  of the exposed regions of the contact pads  902 ,  904 ,  906 ,  908 ,  910 ,  912 ,  914 ,  916 . In other words: no electrical connection may be formed. 
     Without restricting the generality, given identical polarity of the contact pads, i.e.  202 ,  206  and  204 ,  208 , and electrical terminals  1006 ,  1008 ,  1014 ,  1016  and  1002 ,  1004 ,  1010 ,  1012 , an identical distance  1018 ,  1020 ,  1022  and  1024  has been assumed. 
       FIG. 11  shows a schematic illustration of polarity reversal protection of an optoelectronic component in the case of correct polarity, in accordance with various embodiments. 
       FIG. 11  illustrates the correct alignment of the component  900  relative to the electrical contact pads from  FIG. 10 , i.e. the distance between the electrical terminals  1018 ,  1020  corresponds to the distance between the exposed regions  1022 ,  1024 . An electrical connection may be formed in accordance with  FIG. 6  and/or  FIG. 8 . 
     With the illustrated embodiment of the electrical terminals  1002 ,  1004 ,  1010 ,  1012  and  1006 ,  1008 ,  1014 ,  1016  and exposed regions  902 ,  904 ,  906 ,  908 ,  910 ,  912 ,  914 ,  916 , an electrical connection may be possible in two alignments of the component  900 . By means of using different shapes of the electrical terminals  1002 ,  1004 ,  1010 ,  1012  and  1006 ,  1008 ,  1014 ,  1016  and/or of the exposed regions  902 ,  904 ,  906 ,  908 ,  910 ,  912 ,  914 ,  916  among one another or a different number of exposed regions  902 ,  904 ,  906 ,  908 ,  910 ,  912 ,  914 ,  916  per contact pad  202 ,  204 ,  206 ,  208 , it is possible to reduce the number of alignment possibilities to one alignment possibility (not shown), without the shape of the component or of the holding device being altered for this purpose. 
       FIG. 12  shows a schematic illustration of a parallel connection of an optoelectronic component, in accordance with various embodiments. 
       FIG. 12  illustrates an embodiment for electrically connecting a component to a plurality of terminals of identical polarity, wherein an electrical terminal  1002 ,  1004 ,  1006 ,  1008 ,  1010 ,  1012 ,  1014 ,  1016  is not necessary for every electrical contact pad  202 ,  204 ,  206 ,  208 . 
     Without restricting the generality, the reduction of the necessary number of electrical contacts may be illustrated on the basis of the optoelectronic component  900  from  FIG. 9 . 
     Electrical contact pads of identical polarity, i.e. for example  202 ,  206  and  204 ,  208 ; may be electrically connected to one another by means of electrical bridges  1202 ,  1204 , for example with conventional wirings with cohesive or positively locking connection on the optically inactive component underside (if present) or inactive edge regions of the component. 
     Defined positions for the electrical bridges  1202 ,  1204  may be realized by means of the exposed regions  902 ,  908 ,  912 ,  914 . The defined positions may be used for example for forming the bridges  1202 ,  1204  in an automated fashion and/or simplify connecting the contact bridges in parallel, since only ever one wiring element, for example one cable, is processed or held per soldering location. 
     An electrical connection  1206 ,  1208  to the exposed regions  202  or  206  and  204  or  208  may be formed for the purpose of energizing the component  900 . 
     With a plurality of exposed regions, on the terminals  204  and  206  connected to the electrical contacts  1206 ,  1208 , by means of the electrical bridges  1202  and  1204  it is also possible to energize more than one contact pad  202  and  208  of identical polarity with a respective electrical terminal  1206  and  1208 . 
     The exposed regions  902 ,  916  of the electronic component  900  that are not required may be used for aligning and/or fixing the electronic component  900 , for example if the encapsulation is partly removed; or exposing the unused exposed conductive regions  904 ,  916  may be omitted in the case of the electronic component  900 . 
       FIG. 13  shows a schematic illustration of a specific embodiment of an optoelectronic component. 
       FIG. 13  illustrates the rear side of an organic light emitting diode  1300  as a first specific embodiment of the optoelectronic component  200 . 
     The detail enlargement  1302  illustrates the contact pad  206 , for example. A laser beam  1304  may be focused on the contact pad  206 . 
     A device for ballistic exposure by means of photons may be formed for example as a laser, for example with a wavelength of approximately 248 nm with a focus diameter of approximately 400 μm with a pulse duration of approximately 15 ns and an energy of approximately 18 mJ. 
     By means of the irradiation  1306 , the encapsulation  302  (see  FIG. 3 ) may be removed and the electrically conductive region  304  may be exposed. The extent and the shape of the exposed regions  404  may be set by means of the degree of focusing, i.e. the diameter of the focal point of the laser beam and the convergence thereof, and the power of the beam source. 
     The electrical connection of the contact pad  206  to the electrical terminal  1308 , for example an electromechanical terminal pin  1308 , may be formed as an electrical cohesive and/or electrical positively locking connection in accordance with  FIG. 6  and/or  FIG. 8 . 
     The component  1300  may have an extent of approximately 15×15 cm2. 
     In various embodiments, electronic components and a method for producing them are provided with which it is possible to form precise soldering connections and polarity reversal protection. 
     Contact pads in organic light emitting diodes or other electronic components may furthermore be embodied with a large area and thus offer space for different contact-making scenarios. By means of the exposed regions of the contact locations, it is possible to form different contact locations for different applications. As a result, it is possible to dispense with additional soldering resists or structurings of the contact pads, which might lead to current notches, during manufacture. 
     While the disclosed embodiments have been particularly shown and described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosed embodiments as defined by the appended claims. The scope of the disclosed embodiments is thus indicated by the appended claims and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced.