Patent Publication Number: US-2021178097-A1

Title: End-expiratory co2 guided tracheal intubation device

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application claims the priority benefit of China application serial no. 201911267307.7, filed on Dec. 11, 2019. The entirety of the above-mentioned patent application is hereby incorporated by reference herein and made a part of this specification. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and in particular, to an end-expiratory CO 2  guided tracheal intubation device. 
     TECHNICAL BACKGROUND 
     Tracheal intubation refers to the placement of a special endotracheal tube into the trachea through the glottis. This technique can provide the best conditions for airway patency, ventilation and oxygen supply, aspiration of the airway, and prevention of aspiration. Emergency tracheal intubation has become an important measure in the rescue of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and critically ill patients with respiratory dysfunction. Tracheal intubation is an important rescue technique commonly used in emergency work, which is one of the most widely used, most effective, and quickest means in respiratory management. It is a basic skill that medical staff must master skillfully, which plays a vital role in rescuing patients&#39; lives and reducing mortality. 
     The existing tracheal intubation technique is using an intubation tube inserted into the larynx together with a speculum. The larynx is observed through the endoscope to find the trachea, and then the intubation tube is inserted into the larynx. However, in the process of intubation, pus will be secreted in the larynx and trachea, forming effusion in the larynx and trachea, causing visual impairment to the endoscope and affecting the insertion of the intubation tube. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     An object of the present invention is to provide an end-expiratory CO 2  guided tracheal intubation device capable of determining the position of the tracheal intubation according to the end-expiratory CO 2  and clearing the fluid accumulated in the trachea in response to the shortcomings of the prior art. 
     To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an end-expiratory CO 2  guided tracheal intubation device, comprising: an intubation tube, an end-expiratory CO 2  catheter, a suction tube, an airbag, and an inflatable trachea; the end-expiratory CO 2  catheter partially penetrates a sidewall of the intubation tube, and one end thereof extends beyond an end of the intubation tube, and the other end is connected to an end-expiratory CO 2  sensor; the suction tube partially penetrates a sidewall of the intubation tube, and one end thereof extends beyond an end of the intubation tube, and the other end is connected to an air pump; the airbag is sleeved on the outer wall of the intubation tube; the inflatable trachea partially penetrates a sidewall of the intubation tube, one end thereof is connected to the airbag, and the other end is connected to the air supply device. 
     Optionally, the sidewall of the intubation tube is provided with an end-expiratory CO 2  catheter installation groove and a suction tube installation groove. 
     Optionally, the end-expiratory CO 2  catheter comprises a first end tube segment, a retractable first tube segment, and a first tail tube segment, which are connected in sequence; the first end tube segment is connected to the end-expiratory CO 2  sensor; the first tube segment is disposed in the end-expiratory CO 2  catheter installation groove and is sleeved with a first spring, and one end of the first spring is abutted on a first stop block provided on the first tail tube segment, and the other end thereof is abutted on an end wall of the end-expiratory CO 2  catheter installation groove; the first tail tube segment extends to the outside of the intubation tube. 
     Optionally, the suction tube comprises a second end tube segment, a retractable second tube segment, and a second tail tube segment, which are connected in sequence; the second end tube segment is connected to the air pump; the second tube segment is disposed in the suction tube installation groove and is sleeved with a second spring, and one end of the second spring is abutted on a second stop block provided on the send tail tube segment, and the other end thereof is abutted on an end wall of the suction tube installation groove; the second tail tube segment extends to the outside of the intubation tube. 
     Optionally, the connection between the airbag and the intubation tube is sealed. 
     The present invention provides an end-expiratory CO 2  guided tracheal intubation device, which uses the end-expiratory CO 2  sensor connected with the end-expiratory CO 2  catheter through the end-expiratory CO 2  catheter set in the intubation tube wall to detect the end-expiratory CO 2  in the patient&#39;s breath. According to the end-expiratory CO 2  data detected at different positions of the patient&#39;s larynx, and cooperating with the endoscope, the position of the endotracheal tube can be quickly and accurately determined. Through the suction tube provided in the inner wall of the intubation tube, the air pump connected to the suction tube is used to extract the effusion in the throat and trachea during the intubation process and after the intubation tube is in place, which is convenient for medical staff to use an endoscope for observation, and improves work efficiency. 
     The end-expiratory CO 2  guided tracheal intubation device provided by the present invention is provided with a retractable tube segment on the end-expiratory CO 2  catheter and a suction pipe, and a spring is sleeved on the outer wall thereof to allow it extend beyond the end face of the intubation tube. The tail tube segment can be retracted in time when it touches the patient&#39;s throat or trachea during tracheal intubation to prevent it from causing harm to the human body. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       In order to explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art more clearly, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts. 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an end-expiratory CO 2  guided tracheal intubation device according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 2  is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an end-expiratory CO 2  guided tracheal intubation device according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 3  is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an end-expiratory CO 2  guided tracheal intubation device according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 4  is a schematic structural diagram of matching an airbag with an inflatable trachea of an end-expiratory CO 2  guided tracheal intubation device according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 5  is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an intubation tube of an end-expiratory CO 2  guided tracheal intubation device according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 6  is a schematic structural diagram of an end-expiratory CO 2  catheter of an end-expiratory CO 2  guided tracheal intubation device according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 7  is a schematic structural diagram of matching an end-expiratory CO 2  catheter with a first spring in an end-expiratory CO 2  guided tracheal intubation device according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 8  is a schematic structural diagram of a suction tube of an end-expiratory CO 2  guided tracheal intubation device according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 9  is a schematic structural diagram of matching the suction tube with a second spring of the end-expiratory CO 2  guided tracheal intubation device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     The specific implementation of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. The following examples of the present invention herein are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. 
     EXAMPLE 1 
     As shown in  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2 , an end-expiratory CO 2  guided tracheal intubation device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an intubation tube  100 , an end-expiratory CO 2  catheter  200 , a suction tube  300 , an airbag  400 , and an inflatable tube  500 . The end-expiratory CO 2  catheter  200  partially penetrates the sidewall of the intubation tube  100 , and one end thereof extends beyond the end of the intubation tube  100 , and the other end is connected to the end-expiratory CO 2  sensor; one end of the suction tube  300  partially penetrates the sidewall of the intubation tube  100 , and the other end is connected to the air pump. In this embodiment, one end of the end-expiratory CO 2  catheter  200  enters the sidewall of the intubation tube  100  from somewhere near the left end of the intubation tube  100 , and extends to the right in the sidewall, and penetrates the right end face of the intubation tube  100 . The other end of the CO 2  catheter  200  is connected to an end-expiratory CO 2  sensor outside the intubation tube  100 . One end of the suction tube  300  enters the sidewall of the intubation tube  100  from somewhere near the left end of the intubation tube  100 , and extends to the right in the sidewall, and penetrates the right end face of the intubation tube  100 . The other end of the suction tube  300  is connected to an air pump outside the intubation tube  100 . 
     The number of end-expiratory CO 2  catheters  200  and suction tubes  300  provided in the sidewall of the intubation tube  100  may be determined according to needs. There may be one or multiple, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention. 
     The positions of the end-expiratory CO 2  catheter  200  and the suction tube  300  entering the sidewall of the intubation tube  100  and the positions provided in the sidewall of the intubation tube  100  may be determined according to needs, for example, one or a plurality of end-expiratory CO 2  catheters  200  and suction tubes  300  are evenly arranged on the circumference of the cross-section of the intubation tube  100 , which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention. 
     As shown in  FIG. 3  and  FIG. 4 , the airbag  400  is sleeved on the outer wall of the intubation tube  100 . The inflatable tube  500  partially penetrates the sidewall of the intubation tube  100 , and one end thereof is connected to the airbag  400  and the other end is connected to the air supply device. In this embodiment, the airbag  400  is sleeved on the outer wall of the intubation tube  100 , near the right end of the patient&#39;s trachea to be inserted into the intubation tube  100 , and the connection with the outer wall of the intubation tube  100  is sealed. One end of the inflatable tube  500  enters the sidewall of the intubation tube  100  from somewhere near the left end of the intubation tube  100 , and extends to the right in the sidewall to the outer wall section of the intubation tube  100  to which the airbag  400  is shelved, penetrating the sidewall or entering the airbag  400 ; the other end of the inflatable tube  500  is connected to the air pump outside the intubation tube  100 . Before tracheal intubation, the airbag  400  is uninflated. When the tracheal intubation is completed and the intubation tube  100  is inserted into place, the air pump is started, and the airbag  400  is inflated through the inflatable tube  500  to inflate the airbag  400 . After the airbag  400  is inflated, the intubation tube  100  is clamped, and at the same time, the inflation tube is clamped in the patient&#39;s trachea, thereby fixing the intubation tube  100  in the patient&#39;s trachea. 
     The position where the airbag  400  is sleeved on the outer wall of the intubation tube  100  can be determined according to requirements, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention. 
     The position where the inflatable tube  500  enters the sidewall of the intubation tube  100  and the position provided in the sidewall of the intubation tube  100  can be determined according to requirements, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present invention. 
     In one embodiment, to ensure the safety of the patient, the intubation tube  100  is made of medical PVC material, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention. 
     When the present invention is used specifically, the left end of the end-expiratory CO 2  catheter  200  is connected to the end-expiratory CO 2  sensor outside the intubation tube  100 ; the left end of the suction tube  300  is connected to the air pump outside the intubation tube  100 ; then the endoscope is inserted into the lumen of the intubation tube  100 . The right end of the intubation tube  100  is entered into the patient&#39;s throat with the airbag  410  sleeved on the sidewall of the intubation tube  100 . The right end of the end-expiratory CO 2  catheter  200  passing through the right end face of the intubation tube  100  transmits the patient&#39;s exhaled gas to the end-expiratory CO 2  sensor and detects the end-expiratory CO 2 . Adjust the position of the right port of the intubation tube  100  in the throat, and observe the end-expiratory CO 2  data at different positions. According to the end-expiratory CO 2  data of each position, determining the position where the intubation tube  100  is to be inserted into the trachea, and at the same time observing the throat through the endoscope in the inner cavity of the intubation tube  100 , and fine-tune the position of the intubation tube  100  so that the intubation tube  100  is aligned with the trachea, and the intubation tube  100  is inserted into the trachea of the patient. After inserting the intubation tube  100  into place, starting the air pump outside the intubation tube  100 , inflating the airbag  400  through the inflatable tube  500  connected to the air pump, expanding the airbag  400 , then clamp the intubation tube  100 , and locking the airbag  400  in the patient&#39;s trachea, so that the intubation tube  100  is fixed in the trachea of the patient. 
     During the tracheal intubation and after the intubation is fixed in place, if there is effusion (for example, pus secreted by the throat or trachea) in the larynx or trachea of the patient observed by the endoscope located in the lumen of the intubation, starting an air pump, which is connected to the suction tube  300  and is located outside the intubation tube  100 , to draw out the effusion in the throat or trachea through the suction tube  300 . 
     When the intubation tube  100  is to be taken out of the patient&#39;s trachea, the airbag  400  is deflated by an air pump, the air in the airbag  400  is evacuated, and then the intubation tube  100  is pulled out of the patient&#39;s trachea. 
     The present invention provides an end-expiratory CO 2  guided tracheal intubation device, which uses the end-expiratory CO 2  sensor connected with the end-expiratory CO 2  catheter to detect the end-expiratory CO 2  in the patient&#39;s breath through the end-expiratory CO 2  catheter set in the intubation tube wall. According to the end-expiratory CO 2  data detected at different positions of the patient&#39;s larynx, and cooperating with the endoscope, the position of the endotracheal tube can be quickly and accurately determined. Through the suction tube provided in the inner wall of the intubation tube, the air pump connected to the suction tube is used to extract the effusion in the throat and trachea during the intubation process and after the intubation tube is in place, which is convenient for medical staff to use an endoscope for observation, and improves work efficiency. 
     EXAMPLE 2 
     The similarities between this example and example 1 will not be described again. As shown in  FIG. 5  to  FIG. 7 , an end-expiratory CO 2  catheter installation groove  110  is provided in a sidewall of the intubation tube  100 . The end-expiratory CO 2  catheter  200  includes a first end tube segment  210 , a first tube segment  220 , and a first end tube segment  230 , which are connected in sequence; the first end tube segment  210  is connected to the end-expiratory CO 2  sensor; the first tube segment  220  is provided in end-expiratory CO 2  catheter installation groove  110 , and sleeved with a first spring  600 . One end of the first spring  600  is abutted on the first stop block  240  provided on the first tail tube segment  230 , and the other end thereof is abutted on an end wall of the end-expiratory CO 2  catheter installation groove; the first tail tube segment  230  extends to the outside of the intubation tube  100 . In this embodiment, the right end of the intubation tube  100  is inserted into the trachea of the patient, and the end-expiratory CO 2  catheter installation groove  110  is disposed in a sidewall near the right end of the intubation tube  100 . The end-expiratory CO 2  catheter  200  comprises, from left to right, a first end tube segment  210 , a retractable first tube segment  220 , and a first tail tube segment  230 ; the left end of the first end tube segment  210  is connected to the end-expiratory CO 2  sensor outside the intubation tube  100 , and the retractable first section  220  is located in the end-expiratory CO 2  catheter installation groove  110 , and a first spring  600  is sleeved on the outer wall thereof. The left end of the first spring  600  is abutted on the left end wall of the end-expiratory CO 2  catheter installation groove  110 , and the right end thereof is abutted on the first stop block  240  provided on the first tail tube segment  230  so that the first spring  600  is in a compressed state. The right end of the first tail tube segment  230  penetrates the right end surface of the intubation tube  100  and extends beyond the right end surface of the intubation tube  100 . 
     Based on example 1, as shown in  FIG. 5 ,  FIG. 8 , and  FIG. 9 , the sidewall of the intubation tube  100  is provided with a suction tube installation groove  120 . The suction tube  300  includes a second end tube segment  310 , a retractable second tube segment  320 , and a second tail tube segment  330 , which are connected in sequence; the second end tube segment  310  is connected to the air pump outside the intubation tube  100 ; the retractable second tube segment  320  is disposed in the suction tube installation groove  120  and is sleeved with a second spring  700 . One end of the second spring  700  is abutted on the second stop block  340  provided on the second tail tube segment  330 , and the other end thereof is abutted on an end wall of the end-expiratory CO 2  catheter installation groove  120 ; the second tail tube segment  330  extends to the outside of the intubation tube  100 . In this embodiment, the right end of the intubation tube  100  is inserted into the trachea of the patient, and the suction tube mounting groove  120  is disposed in a sidewall near the right end of the intubation tube  100 . From left to right, the suction tube  300  comprises a second end tube segment  310 , a retractable second tube segment  320 , and a second tail tube segment  330 . The left end of the second end tube segment  310  is connected to the air pump outside the intubation tube  100 , and the retractable second tube segment  320  is located in the suction tube installation groove  120 , and a second spring  700  is sleeved on the outer wall thereof. The left end of the second spring  700  is abutted on the left end wall of the suction tube mounting groove  120 , and the right end is abutted on the second limit block  340  provided on the second tail tube segment  330  so that the second spring  700  is in a compressed state. The right end of the second tail tube segment  330  penetrates the right end face of the intubation tube  100  and extends beyond the right end face of the intubation tube  100 . 
     When a plurality of end-expiratory CO 2  catheters  200  and/or suction tubes  300  are provided in the sidewall of the intubation tube  100 , a corresponding number of end-expiratory CO 2  catheter installation grooves  110  and suction tube installation grooves  120  are provided in the sidewall of the intubation tube  100 . 
     The positions of the end-expiratory CO 2  catheter installation groove  110  and the suction tube installation groove  120  on the sidewall of the intubation tube  100  may be determined according to requirements, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present invention. 
     The lengths of the first tail tube segment  230  of the end-expiratory CO 2  catheter  200  and the second tail tube segment  330  of the suction tube  300  extending to the outside of the end face of the intubation tube  100  can be determined according to requirements, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present invention. 
     The process of tracheal intubation in this embodiment is the same as that of example 1 and will not be described again. In the present embodiment, when the intubation tube  100  is inserted into the patient&#39;s throat or trachea, when the end of the first tail tube segment  230  of the end-expiratory CO 2  catheter  200  extending outside the right end face of the intubation tube  100  touches human tissue (for example, on the throat or trachea), due to the force, it moves to the inside of the intubation tube and transmits the force to the first tube segment  220 , so that the first tube segment  220  is contracted inward after being stressed, preventing the rigid contact between the first tail tube segment  230  and the human body tissues, and reducing the damage to human tissues. At the same time, the first limit block  240  disposed on the first tail tube segment  230  moves with the first tail tube segment  230 , so the first spring  600  abutted on the first limit block  240  is compressed. When the end of the first tail tube segment  230  is no longer in contact with human tissue, the compressed first spring  600  is reset and drives the first tube segment  220  to extend, so that the first tail tube segment  230  returns to its original position (extending outside the right end wall of the intubation tube  100 ). 
     During the insertion of the intubation tube  100  into the patient&#39;s throat or trachea, when the end of the second tail tube segment  330  of the suction tube  300  that extends beyond the right end face of the intubation tube  100  touches human tissue, the second tube segment  320  contracts. The process of resetting under the action of the second spring  700  is similar to the process of the end-expiratory CO 2  catheter  200  described above, and will not be described again. 
     The end-expiratory CO 2  guided tracheal intubation device provided by the present invention is provided with a retractable tube segment on the end-expiratory CO 2  catheter and the suction tube, and a spring is sleeved on the outer wall thereof, so that the tail tube segment extending beyond the end face of the intubation tube can be retracted when it touches the patient&#39;s throat or trachea during tracheal intubation to prevent it from causing harm to the human body. 
     In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms “installed”, “connected with”, and “connected to” should be understood in a broad sense unless otherwise specified and limited. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it also can be the internal connection of two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the invention can be understood in specific circumstances, and should not be understood as a limitation of the invention. 
     The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that various combinations, modifications, or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions of the present invention shall not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and shall all fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. 
     It should be noted that the terminology used herein is to describe particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” or “includes” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or combinations thereof. 
     In the  p resent invention, terms such as “up”, “down”, “left”, “right”, “front”, “rear”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “side”, “bottom” that indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the Figures, and are only relational terms determined for the convenience of describing the structural relationship of each component or element of the present invention, and do not specifically refer to any component or element in the present invention, and should not be understood as the limitations of the present invention. 
     The above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made under the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.