Patent Publication Number: US-2022234696-A1

Title: Wake shaping apparatus and related technology

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/251,742, filed on Jan. 18, 2019, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/858,779, filed on Dec. 29, 2017, and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,183,726, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/551,621, filed on Aug. 29, 2017, the entire contents of each of which are incorporated by reference herein. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to a wake shaping apparatus. More specifically, the present invention provides a wake shaping apparatus configured to attach removably to a hull of a boat such that a wake created behind the boat is larger, differently positioned and/or differently shaped than when the boat is operated without the apparatus. The present invention also provides a deployable lanyard assembly that can be used with the wake shaping apparatus. Further, the invention provides a splash deflector. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     When a boat moves through water, a wave pattern referred to as a wake is produced on the water surface. In some water sports, such as wake surfing, it is beneficial to modify the size, shape and/or position of a wake created behind the boat in order to enhance the wake surfing experience. 
     As set forth in the present disclosure, it would be desirable to provide a wake shaping apparatus that removably attaches to a hull of a boat. It would also be desirable to provide a wake shaping apparatus that overcomes the disadvantages of conventional wake shapers known in the prior art. The present invention overcomes such disadvantages, for example, by providing an apparatus that removably attaches to the hull of a boat, is easy to operate, is easily graspable, provides adjustability, and/or provides other advantages. It would also be desirable to provide a splash deflector that can be used with the wake shaping apparatus or on its own. Further, it would be desirable to provide a lanyard assembly that can be connected between the wake shaping apparatus and a boat. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Certain embodiments of the invention provide an apparatus configured to attach removably to a hull of a boat. The apparatus comprises a base and a blade and has first and second configurations. The first configuration is characterized by the blade being mounted to the base. The second configuration is characterized by the blade being separated from the base. In the present embodiments, the apparatus is configured to provide tool-free adjustment between the first and second configurations. 
     In some embodiments, the invention provides an apparatus having a handle configuration characterized by an aperture large enough to receive four fingers of a person&#39;s hand so as to facilitate manual handling of the apparatus. The apparatus is configured to attach removably to a hull of a boat. 
     Some embodiments of the invention provide an apparatus having generally opposed first and second side regions and a lanyard eyelet. The lanyard eyelet is movable between at least first and second positions. When in the first position, the lanyard eyelet is located at the first side region of the apparatus. When in the second position, the lanyard eyelet is located at the second side region of the apparatus. The apparatus is configured to attach removably to a hull of a boat. 
     Certain embodiments of the invention provide an apparatus having first and second configurations. The first configuration is characterized by the blade being mounted to the base. The second configuration is characterized by the blade being separated from the base. The blade has opposed first and second faces. When the apparatus is in the first configuration, the blade can be in a first orientation or a second orientation. In the first orientation, the first face of the blade faces a desired direction relative to the base. In the second orientation, the second face of the blade faces the desired direction relative to the base. The blade is equipped with a mount structure that projects outwardly from both of the first and second faces of the blade. The mount structure comprises a first detent that projects from the first face of the blade, and a second detent that projects from the second face of the blade. The first detent is configured to attach to the base of the apparatus such that the blade is retained in the first orientation. The second detent is configured to attach to the base of the apparatus such that the blade is retained in the second orientation. The apparatus is configured to attach removably to a hull of a boat. 
     Further, some embodiments of the invention provide a combination of a boat and a splash deflector. The boat has a hull to which the splash deflector is mounted removably and noninvasively. 
     Still further, certain embodiments provide an apparatus comprising an adjustable base. The adjustable base has first and second end regions. The first end region has a first suction cup, and the second end region has a second suction cup. The first end region has a pivot connection with the second end region. The apparatus is configured to attach removably to a hull of a boat. 
     In other embodiments, the invention provides an apparatus comprising a base and a blade. The blade projects away from the base and has a plurality of channels. The apparatus is configured to attach removably to a hull of a boat. 
     In still other embodiments, the invention provides an apparatus comprising a base and a blade. The blade projects away from the base and has at least first and second orientations. When in the first orientation, the blade projects away from the base at a first angle. When in the second orientation, the blade projects away from the base at a second angle. The first and second angles are different. The apparatus is configured to attach removably to a hull of a boat. 
     In certain other embodiments, the invention provides an apparatus configured to attach removably to a hull of a boat such that when attached to the hull, the apparatus is configured to disrupt water flow around the hull of the boat such that a wake created behind the boat during operation of the boat is larger, differently positioned, and/or differently shaped than when the boat is operated without the apparatus attached to the hull. The apparatus comprises a base, a blade and a lanyard assembly. The lanyard assembly comprises a tether portion and a float portion. The float portion comprises a float and a float line. The float line is configured to be attached to the base of the apparatus. The tether portion comprises a tether line configured to be attached to a cleat on the boat. 
     In still other embodiments, the invention provides a combination of a boat and a wake shaping apparatus. The boat has a hull to which the wake shaping apparatus is mounted. The wake shaping apparatus is inflatable such that the wake shaking apparatus is configured to transition between an inflated state and a non-inflated state. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a broken-away perspective view of a wake shaping apparatus in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure in which the apparatus is attached to a hull of a boat such that a front end of a base of the apparatus faces rearwardly of the boat. 
         FIG. 2  is a broken-away perspective view of a wake shaping apparatus of the present disclosure similar to  FIG. 1 , except that the apparatus is attached to the hull of the boat such that a rear end of the base of the apparatus faces rearwardly of the boat. 
         FIG. 3  is a side view of an embodiment of a wake shaping apparatus of the present disclosure attached to a hull of a boat such that a front end of a base of the apparatus faces rearwardly of the boat. 
         FIG. 4  is a side view of a wake shaping apparatus of the present disclosure similar to  FIG. 3 , except that a rear end of a base of the apparatus faces rearwardly of the boat. 
         FIG. 5  is a side view of an embodiment of a wake shaping apparatus of the present disclosure attached to a hull of a boat at a position that is nearer to a bow than to a stern of the boat. 
         FIG. 6  is a side view of an embodiment of the present disclosure having two wake shaping apparatuses both attached to the same side of a hull of a boat such that one of the apparatuses is positioned near a bow of the boat and the other of the apparatuses is positioned near a stern of the boat. 
         FIG. 7  is a front side perspective view of an embodiment of a wake shaping apparatus of the present disclosure in which the blade is mounted to the base. 
         FIG. 8  is a top view of an embodiment of a wake shaping apparatus of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 9  is a front side perspective view of an embodiment of a wake shaping apparatus of the present disclosure in which the blade is separated from the base. 
         FIG. 10  is a front view of an embodiment of a wake shaping apparatus of the present disclosure in which a body is in its second position. 
         FIG. 11  is a front view of an embodiment of a wake shaping apparatus of the present disclosure in which the body is in its first position. 
         FIG. 12  is a front perspective view of an embodiment of the blade of the present disclosure showing a convex face of the blade. 
         FIG. 13  is a rear perspective view of an embodiment of the blade of the present disclosure showing a concave face of the blade. 
         FIG. 14  is a rear view of an embodiment of a wake shaping apparatus of the present disclosure in which a lanyard eyelet is in the first position. 
         FIG. 15  is a rear view of an embodiment of a wake shaping apparatus of the present disclosure in which the lanyard eyelet is in the second position. 
         FIG. 16  is a bottom view of an embodiment of a wake shaping apparatus of the present disclosure showing two levers in a locked configuration. 
         FIG. 17  is a partially exploded view of an embodiment of a wake shaping apparatus of the present disclosure showing individual components of two suction cup assemblies. 
         FIG. 18  is a side view of an embodiment of a wake shaping apparatus of the present disclosure in which each of two levers is in an unlocked configuration. 
         FIG. 19  is a top view of an embodiment of a wake shaping apparatus of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 20  is a top view of an embodiment of the present disclosure having an adjustable base that includes a pivot joint. 
         FIG. 21  is side view of an embodiment of the present disclosure having an adjustable base that includes another pivot joint. 
         FIG. 22  is a top view of an embodiment of the present disclosure having an adjustable base that includes a ball joint. 
         FIG. 23  is a perspective view of a wake shaping apparatus and an embodiment of a splash deflector having an arcuate splash wall, both mounted removably to a hull of a boat. 
         FIG. 24  is a front view of the splash deflector of  FIG. 23 . 
         FIG. 25  is a bottom view of an embodiment of a splash deflector of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 26  is a perspective view of a wake shaping apparatus and an embodiment of a splash deflector having a planar splash wall, both mounted removably to a hull of a boat. 
         FIG. 27  is a perspective view of an embodiment of a splash deflector of the present disclosure having an arcuate splash wall mounted to a transom of a boat. 
         FIG. 28  is a side view of a blade, a partially exploded side view of an adapter component of the present disclosure, and a perspective view of a base showing a channel configured to selectively receive the first or second detent of the adapter component in certain embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 29  is a side view of an embodiment of the adapter component of the present disclosure showing the adapter component in each of first, second, and third positions. 
         FIG. 30  is a perspective view of an embodiment of a wake shaping apparatus of the present disclosure in which a blade has an adjustable hinge. 
         FIG. 31  is a perspective view of an embodiment of a wake shaping apparatus of the present disclosure in which a blade has a virtual hinge, as well as a side view showing the blade attached to the base. 
         FIG. 32  is a top perspective view of an embodiment of a wake shaping apparatus of the present disclosure having a blade with channels. 
         FIG. 33  is a detailed perspective view of the embodiment of  FIG. 32 . 
         FIG. 34  is a perspective view of an embodiment of both a wake shaping apparatus and a deployable lanyard assembly in which a float portion of the lanyard assembly is attached to the wake shaping apparatus and a tether portion of the lanyard assembly attached to a cleat on a boat. 
         FIG. 35  is a perspective view of the lanyard assembly of  FIG. 34  where the float portion and the tether portion are separated. 
         FIG. 36  is a side detail view of the deployable lanyard assembly of  FIG. 34 . 
         FIG. 37  is a partially exploded side view of the deployable lanyard assembly of  FIG. 36 . 
         FIG. 38  shows two views of an embodiment of an inflatable wake shaping apparatus in inflated and non-inflated states so as to schematically illustrate how the apparatus transitions between the two states. 
         FIG. 39  shows multiple views of another embodiment of an inflatable wake shaping apparatus in both inflated and non-inflated states so as to schematically illustrate how the apparatus transitions between the two states. 
         FIG. 40  shows multiple views of one or more inflatable wake shaping apparatuses attached to different regions of a boat. 
         FIG. 41  is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a wake shaping apparatus of the present disclosure in which the wake shaping apparatus is an inflatable apparatus. 
         FIG. 42  is a schematic rear view of the wake shaping apparatus of  FIG. 41 . 
         FIG. 43  is a schematic side view of another embodiment of a wake shaping apparatus of the present disclosure in which the wake shaping apparatus is an inflatable apparatus. 
         FIG. 44A  is a schematic side view of still another embodiment of a wake shaping apparatus of the present disclosure in which the wake shaping apparatus is an inflatable apparatus. 
         FIG. 44B  is a schematic side view of yet another embodiment of a wake shaping apparatus of the present disclosure in which the wake shaping apparatus is an inflatable apparatus. 
         FIG. 44C  is a schematic side view of still another embodiment of a wake shaping apparatus of the present disclosure in which the wake shaping apparatus is an inflatable apparatus. 
         FIG. 45  is a broken-way rear view of a wake shaping apparatus attached to an underside of a hull of a boat in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF VARIOUS EMBODIMENTS 
     The following detailed description is to be read with reference to the drawings, in which like elements in different drawings have like reference numerals. The drawings, which are not necessarily to scale, depict selected embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Skilled artisans will recognize that the examples provided herein have many useful alternatives that fall within the scope of the invention. 
     Referring to the drawings, and in particular,  FIG. 1 , there is shown an apparatus of the present disclosure generally represented by reference numeral  10 . The illustrated apparatus  10  is a wake shaping apparatus, which preferably is configured to attach removably to a hull  40  of a boat  50 . The wake shaping apparatus  10  is configured to disrupt water flow around the hull  40  such that a wake created behind the boat  50  during operation of the boat  50  is larger, differently positioned, and/or differently shaped than when the boat  50  is operated without the apparatus  10  attached to the hull  40 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 7 , the apparatus  10  generally comprises a base  100  and a blade  300 . The apparatus  10  has a first configuration  20  in which the blade  300  is mounted to the base  100 , and a second configuration  30  in which the blade  300  is separated from the base  100 . As described in greater detail below, in some embodiments, the apparatus  10  is configured to provide tool-free adjustment between the first  20  and second  30  configurations. 
     The base  100  generally has first  115  and second  120  end regions, and first  125  and second  130  side regions. The illustrated first  125  and second  130  side regions extend between the first  115  and second  120  end regions. The first end region  115  includes a front end  135  (see  FIG. 3 ) of the base  100 , and the second end region  120  includes a rear end  140  of the base  100 . 
     The base  100  also has a top side  145  and a bottom side  148  (see  FIG. 16 ). The top side  145  is opposite the bottom side  148 . Preferably, the bottom side  148  is on the same side of the base  100  as one or more suction cups  105 . When the apparatus  10  is attached to the hull  40  of a boat  50 , the bottom side  148  faces (and is carried alongside) the hull  40 , and the top side  145  faces away from the hull  40 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 8 , the blade  300  has opposed first  305  and second  310  faces. In some embodiments, the first  305  and second faces  310  are identical, whereas in other embodiments, they are different. For example, the first face  305  of the blade  300  can have different structural features provided thereon and/or a different shape than the second face  310  of the blade  300 . Such differences can optionally be provided to create different effects on the wake. In certain embodiments, one of the faces  305 ,  310  is convex ( FIG. 12 ) and the other of the faces  305 ,  310  is concave ( FIG. 13 ). However, in other embodiments, both faces  305 ,  310  of the blade  300  are planar. Alternatively, one face  305 ,  310  can be planar while the other face  305 ,  310  is either concave or convex. 
     As discussed above, the illustrated apparatus  10  has a first configuration  20  (see  FIG. 7 ) in which the blade  300  is mounted to the base  100 . When the apparatus  10  is in the first configuration  20 , the blade  300  is in either a first orientation or a second orientation. The first face  305  of the blade  300  faces a desired direction relative to the base  300  when the apparatus  10  is in the first orientation. In contrast, the second face  310  of the blade  300  faces the desired direction relative to the base when the apparatus  10  is in the second orientation. It may be advantageous to change the blade  300  between the first orientation and the second orientation when the first  305  and second  310  faces of the blade  300  have different structures and/or shapes in order to achieve different effects on the wake. 
     The illustrated blade  300  has a mount structure  340  configured to attach to the base  100 . The mount structure  340  preferably projects outwardly from the blade  300  (e.g., outwardly from a primary wall portion of the blade). For example, the mount structure  340  can optionally project outwardly from at least one, and preferably both, of the first  305  and second  310  faces of the blade  300 . In some alternate embodiments, the base  100  is integral to (or permanently affixed to) the blade  300 . However, in preferred embodiments, the base  100  and the blade  300  are configured to be attached to each other removably. Where the mount structure  340  projects outwardly from both faces  305 ,  310  of the blade  300 , the blade  300  is configured to be removably attached to the base  100  in either of two orientations, i.e., in either the first or second orientation so that a desired one of the faces  305 ,  310  of the blade  300  faces the desired direction. 
     Preferably, the apparatus  10  is configured to be adhered to the hull  40  of the boat  50  by at least one suction cup  105  so as to removably attach the apparatus  10  to the hull  40  of the boat  50 . However, the apparatus  10  can alternatively be removably attached to the hull  40  through other non-invasive forms of mechanical attachment, such as hook and loop fasteners, clasps, magnets, or the like. The removable nature of the apparatus  10  allows it to be used on a boat  50  that already has a built-in wake-shaping device so as to complement the effects provided by the built-in wake-shaping device. Alternatively, the apparatus  10  can be used on a boat  50  that does not have any other wake-shaping devices. 
     Thus, the apparatus  10  preferably can be attached removably to the boat  50  in a desired orientation and on a desired region of the boat  50 . Both the orientation of the apparatus  10  when attached to the boat, and the region of the boat to which the apparatus  10  is attached, can be selected to achieve particular effects on the wake. For example, in  FIGS. 1 and 3 , the apparatus  10  is attached to the hull  40  of the boat  50  such that the front end  135  of the base  100  faces rearwardly of the boat  50 .  FIGS. 2 and 4  show the reverse orientation, i.e., the rear end  140  of the base  100  faces rearwardly of the boat  50 . The apparatus  10  can be attached to the hull  40  of the boat  50  at a position that is adjacent to a stern  90  ( FIGS. 1-4 ) or adjacent to a bow  95  ( FIG. 5 ) of the boat  50 . Additionally or alternatively, a wake shaping apparatus  10  can be attached to a bottom (or underside)  40 U of the hull  40 . Reference is made to  FIG. 45 . Any embodiment of a wake shaping apparatus  10  described in this disclosure can optionally be attached releasably to the bottom  40 U of the hull  40 . This can optionally be in addition to there being one or more wake shaping apparatuses provided on other locations of the hull. Alternatively, the only wake shaping apparatus  10  attached releasably to the hull may be on the bottom (or underside)  40 U of the hull  40 . This can optionally be the case in  FIG. 45 . While  FIG. 45  shows the wake shaping apparatus  10  as being an inflatable apparatus  10   b , this is by no means required. To the contrary,  FIG. 45  represents a group of embodiments wherein any wake shaping apparatus is attached releasably to the bottom (or underside) of a hull of a boat. In  FIG. 45 , the illustrated wake shaping apparatus  10  is attached to the bottom of the hull by a plurality of suction cups. However, various other releasable attachment means can be used instead. 
     In some embodiments, two wake shaping apparatuses  10  are each attached to the same side of a hull  40  of a boat  50 . As shown in  FIG. 6 , one of the apparatuses  10  can be positioned adjacent to the bow  95  of the boat  50 , while the other apparatus  10  is positioned adjacent to the stern  90  of the boat  50 . Given the present teaching as a guide, skilled artisans will appreciate that the one or more apparatuses  10  can be mounted removably at various locations on the hull. 
     Tool-Free Adjustment 
     In certain embodiments, the base  100  and the blade  300  can be separated from each other to achieve the second configuration  30  described above. One example of the second configuration  30  is shown in  FIG. 9 . Preferably, when the apparatus  10  is in the second configuration  30 , the base  100  and the blade  300  can be nested alongside each other so as to occupy a more compact (i.e., smaller) space than when the apparatus  10  is in the first configuration  40 . In certain embodiments, the apparatus  10  when in the second configuration can have its blade and base nested alongside each other so as to fit within a rectangular volume (e.g., inside a box) having the following dimensions: 15 inches by 6 inches by 9 inches, or even 14 inches by 5 inches by 8 inches. While not in use, the apparatus  20  can be removed from the hull  40  of the boat  50  and stored conveniently until needed. 
     In some embodiments, the apparatus  10  can be adjusted from the first configuration  20  to the second configuration  30 , and from the second configuration  30  to the first configuration  20 , without using any tools, and preferably without removing or inserting any fastener from or into the base  100 . In such cases, the blade  300  can be mounted to the base  100  and later removed therefrom without using any tools. This is particularly advantageous since the apparatus  10  is intended to be attached to the hull of a boat  50  at a location that is under water while the boat  50  is in operation. Using tools underwater can prove difficult due to visibility issues, the tendency of tools to become slippery when wet, and/or the potential for the water to be cold. These factors may lead to tools and/or fasteners being dropped into the water. 
     In some embodiments, an optional hook and loop fastener is sandwiched between the blade  300  and the base  100  when the apparatus  10  is in the first configuration  20 . In such embodiments, the hook and loop fastener is configured to removably fasten the blade  300  to the base  100 . When provided, the hook and loop fastener preferably is used in addition to the mount structure  340 . However, in some embodiments, the hook and loop fastener may replace the mount structure  340  entirely. 
     When provided, the hook and loop fastener includes a first portion attached to the base  100  and a second portion attached to either the mount structure  340  or directly to one or both faces  305 ,  310  of the blade  300 . Preferably, the second portion of the hook and loop fastener is attached to the mount structure  340  on both the first  305  and second  310  faces of the blade  300  so that the blade  300  can be positioned in either the first  315  or second  320  orientation as desired. 
     As discussed above, it is preferable that the apparatus  10  is configured to be removably attached to a hull of a boat using one or more suction cups  105 . In such cases, at least one suction cup  105  on the base  100  forms part of a suction cup assembly  110 . Preferably, the suction cup assembly  110  includes at least two (or has exactly two) suction cups  105 . However, the suction cup assembly  110  can alternatively include only one suction cup  105 , or it can include more than two suction cups  105 . 
     In preferred embodiments, the base  100  further includes a detent  150  having at least first  155  and second  160  positions. In the first position  155 , the detent  150  is configured to lock the blade  300  on the base  100 . In the second position  160 , the detent  150  is configured to release the blade  300  from the base  100 . One example of the second position  160  is shown in  FIG. 10 , and one example of the first position  155  is shown in  FIG. 11 . Preferably, the detent  150  is rotatable between its first  155  and second  160  positions. However, it should be appreciated that in some embodiments, the detent  150  is not limited to rotational movement, and can instead move linearly, for example. In some embodiments, the detent  150  is part of a suction cup assembly  110  and is located between the base  100  and a suction cup  105 . 
     The illustrated base  100  (e.g., a shoulder thereof) has a channel  165  therein. In a preferred embodiment, the channel  165  is a slot. The illustrated blade  300 , and more specifically an adapter component  325  of the illustrated blade, comprises at least one plate, and preferably two plates  355 ,  365 , each configured to be received removably in the channel  165 . The adapter component  325  and the channel  165  are shown in  FIG. 28 . Preferably, the two plates of the adapter component  325  include a first plate  355  disposed adjacent the first face  305  of the blade  300 , and a second plate  365  disposed adjacent the second face  310  of the blade  300 . The adapter component  325 , however, can alternatively have only a single plate, which can be located on either the first face  305  or second face  310  of the blade  300 . 
     The base  100 , and more specifically the detent  150 , can comprise a body  170  that is moveable between first  175  and second  180  positions. When in the first position  175  (see  FIG. 11 ), the body  170  at least partially closes the channel  165  of the base  100 . When in the second position  180  (see ( FIG. 10 ), the body  170  is spaced from the channel  165  of the base  100 . In a preferred embodiment, the body  170  comprises a rotatable flange  185  that is rotatable between its first  175  and second  180  positions. However, it should be appreciated that in some embodiments, the body  170  is not limited to rotational movement, and can instead move linearly, for example. The body  170  can optionally comprise a generally circular disc  190  from which the rotatable flange  185  projects. In preferred embodiments, the body  170  is part of a suction cup assembly  110  and the disc  190  is located between a suction cup  105  and the base  100 . 
     When provided, the suction cup assembly  110  can optionally include at least one lever  195  moveable between first  200  and second  205  positions. Preferably, one lever  195  is coupled to each respective suction cup  105  so as to be operable to activate and release suction for the respective suction cup  105 . However, it is possible that a single lever could be provided that simultaneously controls the suction force for all or a select group of multiple suction cups. Also, as noted above, there may be only a single suction cup on the apparatus in some cases. When the one or more levers  195  are each in the first position  200  (see, e.g.,  FIG. 8 ), each suction cup  105  is in a locked configuration. The locked configuration helps secure the respective suction cup  105  to the hull  40  of the boat  50 . When the at least one lever  195  is in the second position  205  (see  FIG. 18 ), the respective suction cup  105  is in an unlocked configuration. The unlocked configuration allows the respective suction cup  105  to be released from the hull  40  of the boat  50 . Two levers  195  are each shown in a locked configuration in  FIGS. 7, 8 and 19 , and in an unlocked configuration in  FIG. 18 . 
     In some embodiments, two suction cups  105  are disposed in a confronting angle configuration. In such cases, the confronting angle configuration is characterized by a tilt angle (e.g., relative to horizontal and/or desired plane) of greater than zero degrees and up to three degrees. By having two suction cups  105  in such a confronting angle configuration, the suction cups  105  may adhere particularly stably to a curved surface of a hull  40  of a boat  50 . 
     It is to be appreciated that tool-free adjustment need not be provided in all embodiments of the invention. However, any embodiment of the present disclosure can optionally be provided with tool-free adjustment of the nature described above. 
     Handle Configuration 
     In some embodiments, the apparatus  10  has a handle configuration  210  characterized by an aperture  215  in the apparatus  10 . Preferably, the aperture  215  is in the base  100 , as shown in  FIG. 16 . The aperture  215  is sized to facilitate manual handling and grasping of the apparatus  10 . In a preferred embodiment, the aperture  215  is large enough (e.g., is configured) to receive four fingers of a person&#39;s hand. Preferably, the aperture  215  is elongated and/or has a generally rectangular or generally oval shape. However, it is contemplated that the aperture  215  can have any shape as long as it does not interfere with the aperture&#39;s intended purpose. In certain embodiments, the aperture has a length of at least two inches, or at least three inches, such as between three inches and six inches. 
     In a preferred embodiment, the aperture  215  has an aspect ratio of greater than two. As used in the present disclosure, the aspect ratio is defined as a length of the aperture  215  divided by a width of the aperture  215 . The length of the aperture  215  is measured along an axis extending between the front end  135  and the rear end  140  of the base  100 . The width of the aperture  215  is measured along an axis extending between the first  115  and second  120  side regions of the base  100 . 
     The base  100  preferably has two ribs  230  that extend between (optionally entirely between) the front end  135  and rear end  140  of the base  100 . In preferred embodiments, the aperture  215  is located (e.g., defined) between the ribs  230 . Preferably, both of the ribs  230  are defined by a single integral body. However, in other embodiments, the ribs  230  can be separate and distinct structures from each other. Each rib  230  preferably is elongated, e.g., so as to have a length longer than six inches, such as between six and 14 inches. 
     As discussed above, the base  100  has a top side  145  and a bottom side  148 . Preferably, the aperture  215  passes entirely through the base  100  from its bottom side  148  to its top side  145 . However, in other embodiments, the aperture  215  is a blind opening such that the aperture  215  passes only partially between the bottom side  148  and the top side  145  of the base  100  (e.g., so as to have a closed bottom). 
     As also discussed above, in some embodiments, the suction cup assembly  110  includes two levers  195 , each of which is associated with a respective suction cup  105 . Such levers  195  can advantageously be disposed in a recessed area  220  (see  FIG. 7 ) of the base  100 . The recessed area  220  can, for example, define a channel  225  that extends between two ribs  230  of the base  100  and is open to aperture  215 . Both of the illustrated levers  195  are aligned with the aperture  215  when in their first (locked) positions  200 . Preferably, the levers  195  do not hinder (or at least do not prevent) manual access to the aperture  215 . Additionally, when in the first position  200 , the levers  195  can optionally be located entirely within the recessed area  220 , e.g., so that the levers  195  are sheltered from being inadvertently moved to the second position  205  and thus unlocked. 
     It is to be appreciated that the handle configuration need not be provided in all embodiments of the invention. However, any embodiment of the present disclosure can optionally be so configured. 
     Lanyard Eyelet 
     The apparatus  10  preferably has a lanyard eyelet  235 . In such cases, in order to tie the apparatus  10  to a boat  50 , a tether  500  can be removably attached to both the boat  50  and the lanyard eyelet  235 . The tether  500  can comprise a rope, bungee cord or the like. 
     When provided, the lanyard eyelet  235  preferably is movable between at least first  240  and second  245  positions. When in the first position  240 , the lanyard eyelet  235  is located at the first side region  125  of the apparatus  10 . When in the second position  245 , the lanyard eyelet  235  is located at the second side region  130  of the apparatus  10 .  FIG. 14  shows the lanyard eyelet  235  in the first position  240 , and  FIG. 15  shows the lanyard eyelet  235  in the second position  245 . Providing for such movement of the lanyard eyelet  235  is advantageous since it can be positioned as needed for convenient attachment thereto by a tether  500 . For example, when the front end  135  of the base  100  faces rearwardly of the boat  50 , the lanyard eyelet  235  can be moved to the first position  240 , and thus, to the first side region  125  of the base  100 . On the other hand, when the rear end  140  of the base  100  faces rearwardly of the boat  50 , the lanyard eyelet  235  can be moved to the second position  245 , and thus, to the second side region  130  of the base  100 . This may make it possible to use a shorter length of tether, which may be advantageous. It can also help keep the tether up out of the water flow path along the wake shaping apparatus. 
     Preferably, the apparatus  10  includes a suction cup assembly  110  comprising a disc  250  that is rotatable between first  240  and second  245  positions (see  FIGS. 14 and 15 ). In preferred embodiments of this nature, the lanyard eyelet  235  can optionally be part of the suction cup assembly  110  and may be located between a suction cup  105  and the base  100 . In such cases, the lanyard eyelet  235  preferably is a projection of the rotatable disc  250 . 
     In another embodiment, the suction cup assembly  10  does not include rotatable disc  250 . In this embodiment, the lanyard eyelet  235  can be fixedly or removably attached to any portion of the apparatus  10 . 
     In embodiments where the apparatus  10  includes a suction cup assembly  110  having two suction cups  105 , the rotatable disc  250  and a generally circular disc  190  can each be positioned in a stacked orientation and located between a respective suction cup  105  and the base  100 . Alternatively, in another embodiment having only a single suction cup  105 , rotatable disc  250  can be omitted, while a generally circular disc  190  is positioned between the single suction cup  105  and the base  100 . 
     A detailed view of one example of a suction cup assembly  110  is shown in  FIG. 17 . Here, each lever  195  of the suction cup assembly  110  has a hole  505  disposed therein. A pin  510  is provided for each lever  195  such that one of the pins  510  can be received in the hole  505  of the respective lever  195 . Each suction cup  105  further has a post  515  attached thereto and extending outwardly therefrom. Each post  515  has a hole  520  disposed therein. In addition to passing through the hole  505  of the respective lever  195 , each pin  510  also passes through the hole  520  of the post  515  of the respective suction cup  105 . Additional holes (not shown) are provided in the base  100 , disc  190 , and disc  250  to allow the levers  195  to attach to the respective suction cups  105 . The suction cup assembly  110  also includes springs  525 , optionally such that one spring  525  is provided for each lever  195 . The springs  525  are located between the levers  195  and their respective suction cups  105 . 
     It is to be appreciated that the lanyard eyelet need not be provided in all embodiments of the invention. However, any embodiment of the present disclosure can optionally be provided with an adjustable lanyard eyelet of the nature described above. 
     Mount Structure 
     As discussed above, the apparatus  10  preferably has different configurations depending on whether the base  100  is mounted to the blade  300  (first configuration  20 ) or separated from the blade  300  (second configuration  30 ). Additionally, when the apparatus  10  is in the first configuration  20 , the blade  300  preferably is in either a first orientation or a second orientation, depending on which face  305 ,  310  of the blade  300  faces the desired direction relative to the base  100 . 
     As also discussed above, the blade  300  can advantageously be equipped with a mount structure  340  that projects outwardly from at least one, and preferably both, faces  305 ,  310  of the blade  300 . In some embodiments, the mount structure  340  comprises a first detent  345  that projects from the first face  305  of the blade  300 , and a second detent  350  that projects from the second face  310  of the blade  300 . The first detent  345  is configured to attach to the base  100  of the apparatus  10  such that the blade  300  is retained in the first orientation  315 . The second detent  350  is configured to attach to the base  100  of the apparatus  10  such that the blade  300  is retained in the second orientation  320 . 
     In certain embodiments, the first  345  and second  350  detents are fixed in place on (i.e., so as not to be movable relative to) the blade  300 . In other embodiments, however, the first  345  and second  350  detents are part of an adapter component  325  that is moveable (e.g., relative to a primary wall of the blade  300 ) between at least first  330  second  335  positions. In the first position  330 , the adapter component  325  is configured to attach to the base  100  of the apparatus  10  such that the blade  300  is retained in the first orientation  315 . In the second position  335 , the adapter component  325  is configured to attach to the base  100  of the apparatus  10  such that the blade  300  is retained in the second orientation  320 . 
     In some embodiments, the blade  300  is configured to lie at least generally in a plane (e.g., has a configuration that is at least generally planar), and the adapter component  325  is configured to move at least generally perpendicular to such plane when the adapter component  325  moves between its first  330  and second  335  positions. The adapter component  325  can also move to an intermediate position  338  that is in-between the first  330  and second  335  positions. The first  345  and second  350  detents can optionally be connected together by conventional fasteners, such as nuts and bolts. Such fasteners can allow the first  345  and second  350  detents to slide between the first  330  and second  335  positions. 
     As shown in  FIG. 29 , when the adapter component  325  is in the first position  330 , the first detent  345  projects further from the first face  305  of the blade  300  than it does when the adapter component  325  is in the second position  335 . Likewise, when the adapter component  325  is in the second position  335 , the second detent  350  projects further from the second face  310  of the blade  300  than it does when the adapter component  325  is in the first position  330 .  FIG. 29  shows the adapter component  325  in the first position  330  (image on the left), the second position  335  (middle image), and the intermediate position  338  (image on the right). 
     The first detent  345  of the adapter component  325  can optionally comprise a first plate  355  having a first mounting flange  360 . Similarly, the second detent  350  of the adapter component  325  can optionally comprise a second plate  365  having a second mounting flange  370 . Preferably, the first  355  and second  365  plates are moveable conjointly relative to the first  305  and second  310  faces of the blade  300 . When the blade  300  is positioned in the first orientation  315 , the first mounting flange  360  is received in the channel  165 . When the blade  300  is positioned in the second orientation  320 , the second mounting flange  370  is received in the channel  165 . 
     As discussed above, the base  100  has opposed first  115  and second  120  end regions. The first end region  115  (e.g., a shoulder  255  thereof) defines the channel  165 . In a preferred embodiment, the first end region  115  has a greater height than the second end region  120 . Alternatively, in some embodiments, the first and second end regions can be identical in height, or the second end region can have a taller height than the first end region so long as the second end region includes the channel. 
     It is to be appreciated that the preferred blade mount structure need not be provided in all embodiments of the invention. However, any embodiment of the present disclosure can optionally be provided with a blade mount structure of the nature described above. 
     Adjustable Base 
     In certain embodiments, the base  100  is an adjustable base  100   a . In some embodiments of this nature, the first end region  115  of the adjustable base  100   a  has a first suction cup  105   a , and the second end region  120  of the adjustable base  100   a  has a second suction cup  105   b . To make such a base adjustable, the first end region  115  can optionally have a pivot connection  260  with the second end region  120 . In some cases, the pivot connection  260  allows the suction cups  105   a ,  105   b  to be oriented at various angles relative to each other. In this manner, the pivot connection  260  may permit the suction cups  105   a ,  105   b  to be stably mounted to surfaces of different contours, including both flat and curved surfaces. For example, the suction cups  105   a ,  105   b  may be configured to be positioned in a confronting angle configuration such that the suction cups  105   a ,  105   b  are angled somewhat inwardly toward each other. 
     When provided, the pivot connection  260  preferably comprises a first pivot joint having a first pivot axis. In  FIG. 20 , the first pivot joint enables adjusting an angular orientation of the second end region  120  relative to that of the first end region  115  such that the apparatus  10  has at least first and second angular configurations. The first angular configuration is characterized by the first and second end regions extending along a straight line (see  FIG. 19 ). The second angular configuration is characterized by one of the first  115  and second  120  end regions projecting away from the other at a positive acute angle (see  FIG. 20 ). In this embodiment, both the first  105   a  and second  105   b  suction cups can remain in a constant plane while the apparatus  10  is moved between its first and second angular configurations. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 21 , the pivot connection  260  can optionally comprise a second pivot joint having a second pivot axis. In other embodiments, the pivot connection  260  includes both the first and second pivot joints. In  FIG. 21 , the pivot connection has only the second pivot joint. The second pivot joint enables pivoting the apparatus  10  in either a first direction or a second direction. In particular, when the apparatus  10  is pivoted in the first direction, the first  105   a  and second  105   b  suction cups pivot toward each other. When the apparatus  10  is pivoted in the second direction, the first  105   a  and second  105   b  suction cups pivot away from each other. 
     The pivot connection  260  can optionally comprise a ball joint, as shown in  FIG. 22 . When provided, the ball joint preferably is located between the first  115  and second  120  end regions of the adjustable base  100   a  and preferably is configured to enable pivotal movement between the first  115  and second  120  end regions. 
     It is to be appreciated that the adjustable base structure need not be provided in all embodiments of the invention. However, any embodiment of the present disclosure can optionally be provided with an adjustable base structure of the nature described above. 
     Splash Deflector 
     The invention also provides embodiments wherein a splash deflector  265  is mounted removably and non-invasively to a boat  50 . The splash deflector  265  is intended to limit the splash of water adjacent to a region of the boat  50  where the splash deflector  265  is attached. The illustrated boat  50  has a transom  60  that extends between opposed sides  70 ,  80  of the hull  40 . The splash deflector  265  can be mounted to the transom  60 , as shown in  FIG. 27 , or to a desired one of the sides  70 ,  80  of the hull  40 , as shown in  FIGS. 23 and 26 . 
     If desired, first and second splash deflectors can be mounted respectively on first and second sides of the hull. Additionally or alternatively, first and second splash deflectors can be mounted on the transom of a boat. Given the present teaching as a guide, skilled artisans will appreciate that one or more splash deflectors can be provided at various locations on one or both sides of the hull and/or at various locations on the transom. 
     The splash deflector  265  comprises both a splash wall  270  and a mount wall  275 . The splash wall  270  is attached to and projects outwardly from the mount wall  275 . When the splash deflector  265  is attached to the hull  40  of a boat  50 , the mount wall  275  is carried alongside the hull  40 , and the splash wall  270  projects away from the hull  40 . As shown in  FIG. 26 , the splash wall  270  can be planar, or at least generally planar, such that it extends away from the mount wall  275  in a generally perpendicular manner. Alternatively, as shown in  FIGS. 23 and 27 , the splash wall  270  can be arcuate, e.g., so as to form a curved fender configuration. 
     The splash deflector  265  is removably mounted to a boat  50 , preferably by one or more suction cups  280 . In a preferred embodiment, the mount wall  275  of the splash deflector  265  includes two suction cups  280 , as shown in  FIG. 25 . However, in other embodiments, the splash deflector  280  has only a single suction cup  280 , or it has more than two suction cups  280 . Moreover, instead of suction cups  280 , the splash deflector  265  can be attached to the boat by other non-invasive and removable forms of mechanical attachment, such as hook and loop fasteners, magnets or the like. 
     Similar to the wake shaping apparatus  10 , the splash deflector  265  can optionally include one or more levers  285  that control suction of the preferred suction cups  280 . Preferably, one lever  285  is provided for each suction cup  280 , as shown in  FIG. 24 . However, a single lever could alternatively be provided that controls suction for all suction cups on the mount wall. The lever  285  can be moved between a locked configuration and an unlocked configuration. In the locked configuration, each lever  285  activates suction for the respective suction cup  280 . In the unlocked configuration, each lever  285  releases suction for the respective suction cup  280 . 
     Preferably, the splash deflector  265  has an aperture  290  passing therethrough. When provided, the aperture  290  preferably is sized to facilitate manual handling and grasping of the splash deflector  265 . In such cases, the aperture  290  is configured to receive four fingers of a person&#39;s hand. The mount wall  275  has a first surface  295  and a second surface  298 . Preferably, the aperture  290  passes entirely through the mount wall  275  from its first surface  295  to its second surface  298 , as shown in  FIG. 23 . In other embodiments, however, the aperture comprises a blind bore such that the aperture passes only partially between the first surface and the second surface of the mount wall 
     The splash deflector  265  can be used with or without the wake shaping apparatus  10 . When the splash deflector  265  and the wake shaping apparatus  10  are used in combination, the splash deflector  265  is positioned above the apparatus  10 , as shown in  FIG. 27 . Such positioning of the splash deflector  265  can advantageously limit the amount of water from the apparatus  10  that splashes into the boat  50 . 
     In certain embodiments, the splash deflector and the wake shaping apparatus are two discrete components that can be removably attached to each other during use. Removable attachment of the splash deflector and the wake shaping apparatus can be accomplished by various conventional means, including, but not limited to, a mounting wall (not shown) attached to both the splash deflector and the apparatus by screws or other fasteners. 
     In other embodiments, the splash deflector and the apparatus are integrally formed such that they define a one-piece structure. For example, a mounting wall can be provided that fixedly attaches the splash deflector to the wake shaping apparatus. 
     Adjustable Blade 
     In some embodiments, an angular orientation of the blade  300  (e.g., relative to the base  100 ) can be adjusted. This feature allows the blade  300  to be adjusted so as to project away from the base  100  at different angles to provide various effects on the wake. In the present embodiments, the blade  300  has at least first and second orientations. In the first orientation, the blade  300  projects away from the base  100  at a first angle. In the second orientation, the blade  300  projects away from the base  300  at a second angle. The first and second angles are different. Preferably, the blade  300  is pivotable between the first and second orientations via a hinge  380 . The hinge  380  can be a simple hinge, as shown in  FIG. 30 , or a virtual hinge, as shown in  FIG. 31 . 
     The blade  300  further includes a mounting plate  385 . The mounting plate  385  is attached to the blade  300  (e.g., is attached to a primary wall portion of the blade), e.g., via the hinge  380 , preferably such that the hinge  380  enables the blade  300  (or a primary wall portion thereof) to pivot relative to the mounting plate  385 . Similar to the first  355  and second  360  plates described above, the mounting plate  385  can be removably mounted in a channel  165  defined by the base  100 . In some embodiments, the mounting plate  385  is attached directly to the blade  300  (e.g., to a primary wall portion thereof) via the hinge  380 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 30 , an optional base plate  390  can be provided. The base plate  390 , for example, can be attached to the blade  300  (e.g., to a primary wall portion thereof) between the blade  300  (e.g., a primary wall portion thereof) and the mounting plate  385 . In  FIG. 30 , the mounting plate  385  is hingedly attached to the base plate  390  such that the mounting plate  385  is pivotable relative to the base plate  390 . 
     As discussed above,  FIG. 31  shows a virtual hinge allowing the blade  300  to pivot between the at least first and second orientations. In some embodiments having a virtual hinge, the mounting plate  385  has a projection  395  extending outwardly therefrom. The projection  395  of the mounting plate  385  can have a slot  398  disposed therein. Preferably, the projection  395  is a semi-circle, and/or the slot  398  is arcuate, as shown in  FIG. 31 . However, other shapes for both the projection  395  and the slot  398  are contemplated. 
     In a preferred embodiment, a knob and bolt structure is provided. In certain embodiments, two walls (not shown) are attached to and extend between the blade  300  and the mounting plate  385 . One or more bolts can be attached to the walls. One or two knobs can be provided, and each knob is attached to an end of the respective bolt. The bolt(s) are received in the slot  398  and are movable along a length of the slot  398 . Tightening of the bolts permits the mounting plate  385  and the blade  300  to be locked at a desired angle relative to each other. 
     Blade with Channels 
     Referring to  FIGS. 32 and 33 , in certain embodiments the blade  300  has a plurality of channels  400 . The channels  400  preferably are integral to the blade  300  in that the blade  300  defines walls  405  bounding the channels  400 . When the blade  300  is attached to the base  100 , the channels  400  (or at least some of the channels) on the blade  300  preferably extend generally away from the base  100 . 
     The channels  400  have a configuration designed to impact water flow along the blade. For example, the shape, size and orientation of the channels  400  may affect the shape of the wake. The channels  400  can be provided on either or both faces  305 ,  310  of the blade  300 . The channels  400  can have different configurations on each face  305 ,  310  in order to provide different effects depending upon which face  305 ,  310  of the blade  300  faces the base  100 . 
     The channels  400  on a single blade  300  can all be uniform in size. Alternatively, the channels  400  on the blade  300  can be different in size. Where the channels  400  on the blade  300  are uniformly sized, the channels  400  can all be customized so they are smaller or larger as desired to affect performance. 
     Additionally, the walls defining the channels  400  can optionally project outwardly from the blade  300  at a 90-degree angle, or they can form any angle with the blade  300  that is greater than zero. In certain embodiments, all the channels  400  on a given side of the blade are uniform in orientation and size. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the orientations of certain channels  400  on the blade  300  and/or the sizes of certain channels  400  are not uniform. Certain embodiments provide one side of the blade with channels of a given configuration, while channels on the other side of the blade have a different configuration. 
     In  FIGS. 32 and 33 , all of the channels  400  are at least generally parallel to one other. Thus, the channels  400  can optionally be parallel to one another along an entire lengthwise extent of the blade  300 . Although the channels  400  are shown as extending in straight lines across the blade  300 , at least some (or all) of the channels  400  may instead be curved, e.g., one or more of them may have curved portions. 
     The illustrated blade  300  further includes a mount region  410  configured to be carried against the base  100 . The mount region  410  preferably is devoid of channels  400  so as not to interfere with mounting the blade  300  to the base  100 . Depending on the particular embodiment, the mount region  410  can be an area on the blade  300  where an optional adapter component  325 , mount structure  340 , mounting plate  385 , and/or base plate  390  are disposed. 
     Deployable Lanyard Assembly 
     In some embodiments, the invention provides a lanyard assembly  530 . Referring to  FIGS. 34-37 , one example of the lanyard assembly  530  comprises a tether portion  535  and a float portion  540 . The tether portion  535  comprises a tether line  555  configured for attaching to a cleat  560  on a boat  50 . The tether line  555  can comprise a rope, bungee cord or the like. The float portion  540  comprises both a float  545  and a float line  550 . The float line  550  can comprise a rope, bungee cord or the like and is configured for attaching to the base  100  of the apparatus  10 . In some cases, the float line  550  can be attached to a lanyard eyelet  235  of the base  100 . 
     Preferably, the tether portion  535  and the float portion  540  are configured to be connected (and in  FIG. 34 , are connected) to each other by a friction joint. For example, the tether portion  535  can optionally comprise a male detent (e.g., a tongue)  565  and the float portion  540  can comprise a female detent  570 . Alternatively, the male detent can be provided on the float portion while the female portion is provided on the tether position. In such cases, the male  565  and female  570  detents collectively define the friction joint. Various other friction joint structures can alternatively be used. 
     The tether line  555  has first  575  and second  580  ends. The first end  575  of the tether line  555  is configured to be attached to a cleat  560  on a boat  50 . The second end  580  of the tether line  555  can optionally have a tongue  585 . The float line  550  also has first  590  and second  595  ends. The first end  590  of the float line  550  is configured to be attached to the float  545 . The second end  595  of the float line  550  is configured to be attached to the base  100 . For example, in some cases the second end of the float line  550  is configured to be attached to a lanyard eyelet  235  of a wake shaping apparatus  10 . The float  545  has front  600  and rear  605  ends. In the embodiment illustrated, the rear end  605  of the float  545  has an opening  610 . The second end  595  of the illustrated float line  550  also has an opening  615 . The tongue  585  of the tether line  555  can be received in both openings  610 ,  615  so as to provide a friction fit therebetween. 
     The float  545  is buoyant such that it is configured to float on water. In a preferred embodiment, the float  645  is a foam material (e.g., a closed foam). However, the float  645  can comprise virtually any buoyant material, e.g., an inflatable plastic, so long as the float  545  is capable of providing buoyancy in water. As shown in  FIGS. 36 and 37 , the float  545  has a bore (e.g., an axial bore)  630  extending between the front  600  and rear  605  ends thereof. Here, the tether line  555  extends through the bore  630  of the float  545 . 
     Inflatable Wake Shaper Apparatus 
     In certain embodiments, the invention provides a wake shaping apparatus  10  that is an inflatable apparatus  10   b . In such cases, the apparatus (at least when inflated) preferably can float on water. As used in the present disclosure, the term “inflatable apparatus” refers to an apparatus that can transition between a non-inflated state and an inflated state. The means for inflating the inflatable apparatus  10   b  can be air or other gas, water or other liquid, or a combination of gas and liquid. In some cases, the apparatus  10   b  is configured to have a varied internal pressure of gas or liquid (i.e., it can be inflated to different extents) to create multiple but intentional effects, such as different shapes and/or angles of the apparatus  10   b.    
     Referring to  FIGS. 38 and 39 , the inflatable apparatus  10   b  has a plurality of walls  615 . In some embodiments, none of the walls  615  are rigid. In other embodiments, one or more of the walls  615  are rigid to help define a shape of the apparatus  10   b . For example, while being inflated, the apparatus  10   b  can optionally expand until one of the rigid walls forms a desired angle with an adjacent non-rigid wall. The extent of expansion, and thus, the angle the rigid wall forms with the adjacent non-rigid wall, can optionally depend on a volume of gas and/or liquid introduced into the apparatus  10   b . Where the apparatus  10   b  includes multiple rigid walls, the apparatus  10   b  can be inflated to different extents such that the walls form different angles relative to each other. For instance, each rigid wall can form a unique, desired angle with an adjacent non-rigid wall.  FIGS. 38 and 39  also show that the apparatus  10   b  can in some cases be completely or substantially flattened when fully deflated, e.g., to permit compact storage of the apparatus  10   b.    
     In some embodiments, the apparatus  10   b  is empty and void of any internal structure. In other embodiments, the apparatus  10   b  has inner chambers to provide rigidity, provide ballast and/or help define an inflated shape of the apparatus  10   b . Additionally, the apparatus  10   b  can include internal structural elements that are independent of gas or liquid. Such internal structure could include drop stitch technology, in which tethers, such as strings or ropes, are attached to two or more walls  615  that define the shape of the apparatus  10   b . These tethers can optionally be flexible in a non-pressurized compressed environment. However, when the apparatus  10   b  is inflated, the tethers may become taut and prevent the walls  615  from extending beyond an intentional length, thus confining the apparatus  10   b  to a desired pressurized shape. 
     As shown in  FIG. 40 , the apparatus  10   b  is used in combination with a boat  50  and can be attached to various locations on the boat  50 . For example, the apparatus  10   b  can be attached to a single side  70 ,  80  of the hull  40 . Alternatively, two inflatable apparatuses  10   b  can be used such that one apparatus  10   b  is attached to one side  70  of the hull  40  while another apparatus  10   b  is attached to the other side  80  of the hull  40 . Each apparatus  10   b  can be permanently or removably attached to the boat  50 . Preferably, the apparatus  10   b  is attached to the boat  50  by at least one, and preferably two, suction cups  620 . This, however, is by no means required. It is also contemplated that the apparatus  10   b  can include only a single suction cup  620 , or more than two suction cups  620 . Alternatively, other removable and non-invasive forms of mechanical attachment, such as magnets, hook and loop fasteners or the like, can be provided for securing the apparatus  10   b  to the hull  40  of a boat  50 . 
     Where two inflatable apparatuses  10   b  are used on a boat  50 , each apparatus  10   b  can have an independent source (or a common source) of gas and/or liquid as the means for inflation. As shown in  FIG. 40 , this source can include a controller  625  to regulate a volume of gas and/or liquid distributed into each apparatus  10   b  by increasing or decreasing the pressure of the gas and/or liquid. These pressure changes can occur with the use of conventional valves in either an open or contained system. Such a system could have one or more gas or liquid pumps to operate the system to achieve desired levels. The system could also be an intake and dump-type siphon system, in which movement of the boat  50  is used as a means of intake to pressurize the system. Deflating or dumping pressure can be accomplished, for example, by pump or generator, natural aspiration allowing pressure inside the source container to equalize naturally, and/or with the assistance of motion of the boat  50  and force inflicted on the outside of the source containers. 
     Such a system, as described above, would allow switching from operation of one inflatable apparatus  10   b  on one side  70  of the hull  40  to operation of the other apparatus  10   b  on the opposite side  80  of the hull  40  as needed. Thus, a selected one or more of the inflatable apparatuses  10   b  can be inflated, or all of the inflatable apparatuses  10   b  can remain in their uninflated states. Advantageously, this system creates the desired effect of either virtually elongating one side  70 ,  80  of the hull  40  or intentionally destroying wake development on one side of the boat  50 . Both effects can be used to generate mismatched wake conversion, and therefore, larger wake development for one side of the boat  50  relative to the other side of the boat  50 . 
     In certain embodiments, the inflatable apparatus  10   b  has at least one wall  615  that is concave. In the embodiment of  FIGS. 41 and 42 , for example, a wall  615  (e.g., a top or leading wall) is concave so as to bound a channel  615 C. Configurations of this nature may provide special wake effects, e.g., by virtue of creating a somewhat channeled flow, which may have particular flow characteristics, such as laminar or substantially laminar flow through the channel. When the inflatable apparatus  10   b  is mounted operatively to the hull of a boat, the wall  615  bounding the channel  615 C may face generally away from the hull and/or it may be oriented at an angle α (as measured relative to an axis normal to the hull surface to which the apparatus is attached and/or relative to a bottom wall  615  of the apparatus). The angle α convention here is best appreciated with reference to  FIG. 39 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 39 , the inflatable apparatus  10   b  can optionally include a leading wall  615  and a trailing wall  615  that are oriented at different angles α, θ. In some cases, angle α may be greater than 45 degrees, while angle θ is less than 45 degrees. 
     The inflatable apparatus  10   b  preferably has a wall  615  (e.g., a bottom wall) to which one or more (e.g., a plurality of) suction cups  620  are attached. In some cases, the one or more suction cups  620  are joined to a bottom wall  615  of the inflatable apparatus  10  by ultrasonic welding. In such cases, the suction cups are not intended to be separated from the bottom wall of the apparatus, but rather are integral/permanently attached to the bottom wall. 
     In some embodiments, the inflatable apparatus  10   b  includes a first wall  615  (e.g., a leading or front wall) that is rigid, a second wall  615  (e.g., a bottom wall) that is rigid, and one or more walls (e.g., side walls)  615  that are flexible. The one or more flexible walls may form (or be part of) a flexible, inflatable/collapsible enclosure, such as a PVC bag or another flexible bag or other bellows. The second wall  615  may be a bottom wall, and one or more suction cups may be attached to the bottom wall. Furthermore, if an apparatus of this nature has a channel  615 C, then the first wall  615  can optionally bound the channel. 
     In embodiments where the wake shaping apparatus  10  is an inflatable apparatus  10   b , one or more of the walls  615  may be rigid. As just one example, such a rigid wall may comprise flexible top and bottom layers (e.g., comprising PVC or another polymer) between which there is sandwiched a rigid sheet (e.g., comprising ABS or another rigid plastic). 
       FIG. 43  shows another embodiment involving an inflatable apparatus  10   b . Here, the wake shaping apparatus  10  comprises a base  10   bp  that can be removably secured to the hull  40  of a boat, and an inflatable apparatus  10   b  that can be removably secured to the base  10   pb . The inflatable apparatus  10   b  may be removably secured to the base  10   bp  by virtue of, for example, the bottom wall  615  of the inflatable apparatus  10   b  having two slots respectively configured to releasably receive and retain the two levers  195 . Additionally or alternatively, there can be another releasable mechanical attachment, such as hook and loop fasteners, clasps, magnets, or the like. 
     As shown in  FIG. 43 , the base  10   bp  preferably includes one or more (preferably a plurality of) suctions cups  620 . In the embodiment illustrated, each suction cup  620  is operably coupled with a lever  195 , which can optionally be of the nature described elsewhere in this disclosure. Instead of levers, the suction cups can have other actuators, or may simply be configured to be pressed onto the hull without having actuators. Furthermore, instead of suction cups, the base can be removably attached to the hull through other non-invasive forms of mechanical attachment, such as hook and loop fasteners, clasps, magnets, or the like. Moreover, in some cases, the base  10   bp  can have a different configuration so as to be attached permanently to the hull. 
     In certain embodiments, the inflatable apparatus  10   b  includes a wall  615  that is a leading (or “front”) wall, and thus faces generally way from the bottom of the apparatus and/or away from the hull  40 . If desired, this leading (or “front”) wall  615  can be a rigid wall having a flange  615 F projecting rearwardly of a rear wall (which may be a flexible, collapsible/expandable rear wall) of the inflatable apparatus. Reference is made to  FIG. 43 . While this figure involves a separable base  10   bp , it is to be appreciated that a rearwardly projecting flange  615 F can optionally be provided on an embodiment like the one shown in  FIGS. 41 and 42 , or on various other inflatable embodiments where there is no separable base. 
     In some embodiments, the inflatable apparatus  10   b  has one or more apertures  615 H formed so as to extend into the apparatus. Reference is made to  FIGS. 44A-44C . Here, one or more apertures  615 H pass entirely from (and through) one wall  615  (optionally a sidewall) of the inflatable apparatus  10   b  to (and through) another wall  615  (optionally an opposed sidewall) of the apparatus  10   b . In other cases, the apertures may be formed as blind bores. The aperture(s)  615 H preferably are exposed/open through one or more walls  615  of the inflatable apparatus  10   b . In some cases, each aperture  615 H opens through two walls  615  of the inflatable apparatus  10   b . When provided, the aperture(s)  615 H are configured to reduce buoyancy of the inflatable apparatus  10   b . This can make it easier to push under water, such as when mounting onto the hull  40  of a boat. Although not shown in  FIGS. 44A-44C , there preferably are one or more suction cups or other mechanical attachments on the bottom of the inflatable apparatus in these embodiments. 
     Thus, embodiments of the wake shaping apparatus are disclosed. One skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention can be practiced with embodiments other than those disclosed. The disclosed embodiments are presented for purposes of illustration and not limitation, and the present invention is limited only by the claims that follow.