Patent Publication Number: US-8109379-B2

Title: Coin deposit and dispensing apparatus

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims the benefit of Swedish patent application no. 0601745-3, filed on Aug. 25, 2006 and U.S. provisional patent application No. 60/840,212, filed on Aug. 25, 2006. 
     INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE 
     The specification and drawings of Swedish patent application no. 0601745-3, filed on Aug. 25, 2006 and the specification and drawings of U.S. provisional patent application No. 60/840,212, filed on Aug. 25, 2006, are incorporated herein in their entirety, by this reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention generally relates to cash handling, and more specifically to coin deposit equipment and coin dispensing equipment. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     A first aspect of the present invention is a coin dispensing apparatus comprising a cabinet serving as an apparatus housing for the apparatus, a controller, and at least one dispenser for coins to be dispensed. The apparatus is adapted to dispense a specific composition of coins, under control by the controller, from the at least one dispenser to a portable coin receptacle. The apparatus has a closeable dispense space within the cabinet. The closeable dispense space has an open state which permits reception of the portable coin receptacle to be filled, and a closed state which permits dispensing of the specific composition of coins from the at least one dispenser into the portable coin receptacle while shielding the closeable dispense space from external access during the dispensing. 
     The closable dispense space reduces the possibilities for an unauthorized person to manipulate the apparatus. This is true during dispensing as well as when the apparatus is not being used, since the active components of the apparatus are housed inside the cabinet. The closable dispense space also renders it more difficult for dust, litter and other foreign matter from entering the interior of the apparatus, which is beneficial from a operational reliability point of view. This in turn reduces the resources needed for maintenance, making the apparatus more economic. 
     In one or more embodiments, a movable member is provided which defines at least a partial boundary of the closeable dispense space. The movable member being capable of assuming a first position to achieve the open state, and a second position to achieve the closed state. 
     One or more embodiments may further comprise a locking mechanism coupled to the controller and associated with the movable member. The locking mechanism is adapted, under control by the controller, to selectively prevent and allow the movable member to move from its second position towards its first position. 
     Advantageously, the locking mechanism and the controller are adapted to prevent removal of the portable coin receptacle during the dispensing by keeping the movable member in its second position (closed state). This both improves security (by preventing manipulation of the internal parts of the apparatus, including the dispensers, and making the dispensed coins inaccessible) and enhances operational reliability (by preventing dust, dirt or other foreign matter from entering the internal parts of the apparatus while it is running a dispensing operation, and by preventing a coin jam situation that could occur if the portable coin receptacle would be suddenly removed during dispensing). 
     Moreover, in one or more embodiments, the locking mechanism and the controller are adapted to require positive identity verification of a user (for instance in the form of verified data as read from a personal data carrier and/or input by the user in a user interface of the apparatus in the beginning of a coin dispense operation). Only once the identity of the user has been verified, and his authority to perform a dispense operation thereby has been confirmed, will the controller and the locking mechanism allow the movable member to be moved to its first position, in which the closeable dispense space is in its open state and the user may place his portable coin receptacle therein. 
     In one or more embodiments, the movable member is embodied as a drawer, wherein the first position is a position where the drawer is extended outwardly from the cabinet, and wherein the second position is a position where the drawer is retracted inside the cabinet. 
     A first sensor may be coupled to the controller and be positioned and adapted to detect when the movable member is in the second position. 
     Furthermore, a second sensor may be coupled to the controller and be positioned and adapted to detect the presence of the portable coin receptacle within the closeable dispense space. 
     In one or more embodiments, which comprise first and second dispensers for first and second types of coins to be dispensed. The portable coin receptacle is advantageously a cash till having first and second compartments adapted to receive coins of the first and second types from the first and second dispensers, respectively. 
     Such a cash till may or may not have compartments also for notes, etc. In other embodiments, the portable coin receptacle may be constituted by one or more separate or connected coin boxes, coin tubes, coin bags, etc, with or without appropriate holder or guide means within the closeable dispense space for accurate positioning with respect to the dispensers. 
     The apparatus may further comprise a coin acceptance module adapted to receive and sort a deposited mass of coins into the first and second dispensers for buffering therein. Such an apparatus thus constitutes or forms part of a cash recycling system. 
     One or more embodiments may further comprise a closeable storage space within the cabinet, separated from the closeable dispense space and being adapted to receive a transport container, wherein the controller is configured to control at least one of the first and second dispensers to discharge one or more coins to the transport container when placed in the closeable storage space. 
     This arrangement allows for efficient and automatic relief of a situation when a particular dispenser has buffered so many coins (as deposited and sorted by the coin acceptance module) that it approaches a state of overfilling. More particularly, a buffer capacity determining mechanism may be provided for each dispenser, wherein the controller will be adapted to detect when a current buffer capacity of a particular dispenser (e.g. the current amount, volume or level of coins in the particular dispenser) exceeds a threshold value and in response control the particular dispenser to discharge a specific number of coins to be received in the transport container. Thus, this arrangement provides a controlled balancing of the fillness of the dispensers, such that any excessive coins are discharged to the transport container rather than causing an interruption of the apparation operation due to overfilling of one of the dispensers. Excessive coins may be accumulated in the transport container, which conveniently may have a large storage capacity and be safely accommodated within the closeable storage space, waiting for the arrival of an authorized person, such as a CIT (Cash In Transit) person, to ultimately empty or collect the transport container. 
     The buffer capacity determining mechanism may for instance be implemented as a dedicated capacity sensor for each dispenser. Alternatively, the controller may implement the determination of buffer capacity by keeping continuous track of the different types of coins deposited, processed in the coin acceptance module and buffered in the respective dispensers. 
     The controller may be adapted to detect that a coin as processed by the coin acceptance module and destined to a particular dispenser causes the current buffer capacity of the particular dispenser to exceed the threshold value, and in response control the particular dispenser to discharge a coin to the transport container. 
     In one or more embodiments, the closeable storage space is formed by a movable and closeable transport container drawer. In an opened, extended position the container drawer is adapted to receive the transport container and in a closed, retracted position, the container drawer is adapted to accommodate the transport container and prevent it from unauthorized external access. 
     The closeable dispense space may be positioned between the dispensers and the closeable storage space. A passage is formed from a coin output end of the dispensers, through the closeable dispense space when no portable coin receptacle is present therein, to a coin input end of the closeable storage space. 
     Thus, when no portable coin receptable is present in the closeable dispense space (i.e. when the apparatus is currently not used for a dispensing operation), the closeable dispense space may be used as an intermediate channel through which coins can be forwarded from any of the dispensers to the transport box. This has an advantage in terms of apparatus size; the closeable dispense space is used for two different purposes—as receiving area for the portable coin receptable during a dispense operation, and as forwarding channel to the transport box during a deposit operation. 
     Access restricting means may be positioned between the closeable dispense space and the closeable storage space. The access restricting means prevents visual and human physical access from the closeable dispense space into the closeable storage space while permitting coins to pass therethrough into the transport container. This gives a further improved security. 
     It is to be noticed that there are no particular limitations as regards the specific composition of coins which is dispensed to the portable coin receptacle. Generally, any combination of coins of one or more types (such as one or more denominations of coins from one or more currencies) and in one or more amounts is possible. The dispensers are not limited to a particular number, and there are no particular limitations in the relation between the number of dispensers, what types of coins they handle, and how such types of coins are received in the portable cash receptacle. 
     Moreover, the term “coins” is to be interpreted as encompassing monetary coins but also similar value-representing objects such as markers or tokens. 
     A second aspect is a coin deposit and dispensing apparatus comprising a cabinet serving as an apparatus housing for the apparatus, a controller, a coin acceptance module adapted to receive and process a deposited mass of coins, and one or more dispensers for one or more types of coins to be dispensed. In a deposit operation, the dispensers are adapted to receive the deposited and processed mass of coins for buffering therein. In a dispensing operation, the dispensers are adapted to dispense a specific composition of coins, under control by the controller, to a portable coin receptacle at a dispense location. The apparatus has a closeable storage space positioned within the cabinet at a storage location different from the dispense location. The closeable storage space is adapted to receive a transport container. The controller is configured to control at least one of the first and second dispensers to discharge one or more coins to the transport container when placed in the closeable storage space. 
     Buffer capacity determining mechanism may be provided for each dispenser. 
     The controller may be adapted to detect that a coin as processed by the coin acceptance module and destined to a particular dispenser causes the current buffer capacity of the particular dispenser to exceed the threshold value, and in response control the particular dispenser to discharge a coin to the transport container. 
     The closeable storage space may be formed by a movable and closeable transport container drawer, which in an opened, extended position is adapted to receive the transport container and in a closed, retracted position is adapted to accommodate the transport container and prevent it from unauthorized external access. 
     The apparatus of the second aspect may have a closeable dispense space at the dispense location within the cabinet for receiving the portable coin receptacle during the dispense operation. The closeable dispense space is positioned between the dispensers and the closeable storage space. A passage is formed from a coin output end of the dispensers, through the closeable dispense space when no portable coin receptacle is present therein during the deposit operation, to a coin input end of the closeable storage space. 
     Access restricting means may be positioned between the closeable dispense space and the closeable storage space. The access restricting means prevents visual and human physical access from the closeable dispense space into the closeable storage space while permitting coins to pass therethrough into the transport container. 
     Other objectives, features and advantages of the present invention will appear from the following detailed disclosure, from the attached dependent claims as well as from the drawings. 
     Generally, all terms used in the claims are to be interpreted according to their ordinary meaning in the technical field, unless explicitly defined otherwise herein. All references to “a/an/the [element, device, component, means, step, etc]” are to be interpreted openly as referring to at least one instance of the element, device, component, means, step, etc., unless explicitly stated otherwise. The steps of any method disclosed herein do not have to be performed in the exact order disclosed, unless explicitly stated. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIGS. 1-4  are perspective front views of a cash deposit and dispensing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 5  is a perspective view illustrating a coin dispenser used in the first embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 6  is a perspective view of a filling distributor used in the first embodiment of the invention. 
         FIGS. 7 ,  8  and  10  are views similar to  FIGS. 1-4 . 
         FIG. 9  is a detailed, partial perspective view of a locking mechanism used for the first embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 11  is a front perspective view of a third embodiment of the invention. 
     
    
    
     Corresponding parts are designated by corresponding reference numbers throughout the drawings. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS 
       FIG. 1-10  illustrates a coin deposit and dispensing apparatus  100  (e.g., a coin recycling apparatus) in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention. The apparatus  100  is comprised in a single cabinet  102  and includes several combined modules, each filling one or more specific functions. It is emphasized that the combination of modules, as well as functions within an individual module, described in the following in some detail with reference to the drawings is not the only possible alternative. Modules and functions within individual modules can be added, altered, and excluded without leaving the inventive concept as defined by the appended claims. 
     The apparatus  100  generally consists of three main modules: a user interface module  104  at the top of the apparatus  100 , a cash storage module  106  at the bottom of the apparatus, and a cash processing module  108  there between. These modules  104 ,  106 ,  108  are divided into submodules and will be described in the following. 
     The purpose of the apparatus  100  is to simplify and render more effective the handling of cash in general and coins in particular. Instead of sending all incoming coins from customers to a remote bank or CIT company and thereafter receiving coins for daily operation from the same bank, etc., the apparatus  100  renders it possible to recirculate or recycle coins from customers to the highest possible extent. This reduces costs related to CIT operations and work related to handling and maintenance. Further, the apparatus  100  simplifies the daily handling of coins. The apparatus  100  according to the first embodiment of the invention has two main operations: coin deposit (where coins are input by a user and then counted, sorted and buffered) and coin dispensing (where coins buffered in the apparatus are dispensed to a user). 
     The user interface module  104  has a touch-sensitive display screen  110  (“touch screen” in the following) through which the user may communicate with the apparatus; instructing it what to do as well as receiving useful information. This module also has a card reader  112 , used for identification purposes, and a printer  114  for printing receipts, statistics and such. A controller e.g. a CPU (not shown), is located within the cabinet  102 , behind the screen  110 . In this embodiment, the controller serves as a central controller unit for the entire apparatus  100 , including the coin processing module  108 . Other embodiments may however use one or more local controllers in some or all of the modules of the apparatus, such local controllers being configured to cooperate as required. Obviously the user interface module  104  can comprise any useful feature commonly used, such as input keys, a bar code reader, a speaker, a microphone and other I/O devices. A user, such as a cashier by the end of a shift, will log on by inputting certain identification data. This may involve entering a personal code on the touch screen  110  and/or feeding a personal data carrier to the card reader  112  (such as a magnetic card, a smart card, an electronic ID-tag, etc.) 
     When depositing coins the user empties a portable coin receptacle, e.g., a till  146  ( FIG. 8 ), into a coin input tray  116 . The till  146  may be used in a cash register (not shown) for storing coins received from a customer during a commercial transaction and providing coins for a cashier to use for change during the commercial transaction. The contents of such a till can be a mixed mass of coins, valid as well as invalid, as well as other foreign material such as paper clips, dust etc. Note that valid coins could include more than one currency (including tokens, jubilee coins, gift coins and such). The end-user may then tilt the tray  116  by lifting it by the handle  118 , thereby causing the contents to slide down the bottom surface of the tray  116  and into the interior of the cash processing module  108 . 
     In the cash processing module  108  the contents first passes an automatic coin conditioning (ACC) unit  122 . This unit is shown in greater detail in  FIG. 2 . Like most of the other submodules the ACC-unit  122  is slidably arranged on a pair of rails so that it can be retractably pulled out from the interior of the cabinet. In  FIG. 2  the ACC-unit  122  is shown in the pulled-out state. The ACC-unit involves a vibratory arrangement of perforated plates  124 . This arrangement will separate foreign matter from the mass of coins. When the cash has been conditioned in the ACC it is forwarded to a cash acceptance module (CAM)  126 . 
     The cash acceptance module  126  is shown in greater detail in  FIG. 3 , in a pulled-out state, similar to the ACC-unit of  FIG. 2 . One purpose of the CAM  126  is to separate valid coins from invalid ones. The CAM  126  also serves the purpose of determining the type (e.g. denomination) of the valid coins, to count the number of valid coins of each type (denomination), and to sort them, thus enabling full control of transactions occurring thus far in the apparatus  100 . The ACC  122  forwards the conditioned coins to a hopper bowl  128  via a receiving tray (not shown). A rotary flexible disc  130  is provided in the hopper bowl  128  and acts to pick up individual coins and bring them to the beginning of a downwardly sloping coin rail  132 , mounted to a backwardly inclined front plate  134  of the CAM  126 . Each coin will roll, by gravity, down the coin rail  132  and past a coin sensor unit  136 . 
     The coin sensor unit  136  will detect certain physical properties of the passing coin, such as conductivity, permeability, diameter and thickness, and compare these to prestored coin reference data in a memory by way of a processor in or coupled to the CAM  126 . If the comparison fails to identify the coin as a coin of a valid denomination, it will be regarded as invalid and be deflected through a reject channel  138  to a cash reject area  140 . 
     If on the other hand a valid denomination has been established for the coin, its denomination or associated value will be recorded for later use when calculating a total value for all valid coins processed during the coin deposit transaction upon its completion. 
     Valid coins roll down the rail  132  and are transported by a rotary carrier disc  141  along a circular sorting path across a series of openings in the front plate  134 . The openings are of increasing size, such that coins of the smallest diameter will fall down through the first opening in the transport direction, whereas coins of the second smallest diameter are separated through the next opening, etc. A channel system (not shown) at the back of the front plate  134  will guide the thus sorted coins into correct dispensers  142  of a dispenser unit  144 , best seen in its pulled-out state in  FIG. 4 . 
     Note that valid coins could include more than one currency, e.g. a retail establishment could accept more than one currency (including tokens, jubilee coins, gift coins and such) as payment from its customer. The change given back to a customer, however, usually includes a single currency. This means that the CAM accepts coins that are not to be dispensed at a later stage. These latter coins can be stored in separate dispensers  142  (by denomination/type), a single dispenser  142  or be bypassed directly or indirectly to a transport container/transport box  170 . The number of coins, as well as their denomination, is registered by the controller before they enter the dispensers. 
     As visualised in  FIG. 5  an individual dispenser  142  comprises two main parts, a buffer container  143  (the visible part of the dispensers  142  in  FIG. 4 ) and a ejector/counter  145 , which may be of any type known per se, such as electromechanical or pneumatic. Each dispenser  142  communicates with the controller. Each dispenser  142  has a buffer capacity associated with a threshold value, usually referring to the number of coins it is allowed to contain. If, during a deposit procedure, the threshold value is reached, the coin ejector  145  associated with the dispenser  142  will typically eject one coin for each coin the dispenser  142  receives above the threshold value. The ejected coins will then fall into the transport box  170 . The transport box  170  is located in the cash storage module  106  at the bottom of the cabinet  102  and will be described is further detail herein. 
     The dispensing operation will now be described. 
     When the user wishes to fill a portable coin receptacle, in this particular embodiment, a till  146  with several coin compartments (see  FIG. 8 ), with coins, at the start up of shift, the user logs on like before by using the touch screen and personal card. Codes and cards are verified and access is granted. After choosing the dispense function, the controller controls an extendible till drawer  148  to be ejected from the cabinet  102 , see  FIG. 7 . The drawer  148  itself is a movable member providing a closeable dispense space and could as such be replaced with a hatch or the like in other embodiments. In one embodiment, the drawer  148  is a standard type metal sheet drawer with a reinforced steel front. The drawer  148  has a hole  150  in the bottom surface, which allows coins to fall past the drawer  148  into the transport box  170  in the absence of a till  146  being placed in the drawer. The bottom of the drawer also comprises guide means  152  in order to localise the till  146  in the drawer. The user places the till  146  in the drawer  148 , see  FIG. 8 , and closes it by pushing it back into the cabinet  102 . The drawer  148  will then be automatically locked in its closed position by means of an electromechanical locking mechanism. 
     The drawer  148  itself is supported by a telescopic rail  154 , attached to the inside of the cabinet, in a standard fashion and similar to the other pull-out units. One type of drawer ejection/locking mechanism  159  is shown in  FIG. 9 , though several different possible systems are anticipated. In  FIG. 9 , the locking mechanism  159  comprises a latch  156  that engages an opening  158  in the inner part of the drawer  148 . 
     When the drive  160  of the locking mechanism  159  is commanded to open by the controller, it rotates to push the latch  156  out of engagement with the opening  158 . Once the engagement has ceased, the latch  156  will remain in the disengaged position long enough to permit a compressed spring  162  to force the drawer  148  towards the open position, thereby constituting the open state of aforesaid closeable dispense space. In some implementations, manual assistance may be required from the user to pull the drawer  148  to a fully extended position. The latch  156  is biased towards the locked position so that when the force of the drive  160  terminates the latch will  156  return to the locked position. The user places the till  146  in the drawer  148  and pushes the drawer to its closed position. As the drawer reaches the latch  156  the latter will be pushed upwardly, permitting the drawer  148  to assume the locked position in which it compresses the spring  162  and constituting the closed state of the aforesaid closeable dispense space. A first sensor then verifies that the drawer is closed and a second sensor  164  verifies that the till  146  is placed in the drawer  148 , after which the actual dispensing of coins can be initiated by the controller. After the dispensing is finalised, the drawer is automatically unlocked and ejected. This is governed by the controller and can obviously be altered in accordance with the wishes of a user. 
     The apparatus  100  is generally customized for one type of till  146  in that a specific filling distributor  166 , see  FIG. 6 , is arranged between the dispensers  142  and the till  146 . The filling distributor  166  serves to lead coins from a certain coin ejector  145  to a certain compartment in the till  146 . Each ejector  145  is arranged to eject coins into a corresponding hole  168  in the filling distributor  166 , which hole  168  in turn is associated with a corresponding channel  169  in the distributor  166 . In the first embodiment the ejectors  145  will eject coins with quite high velocity, which is why the partition wall of the dispenser  166  is perforated, see  FIG. 6 , in order to reduce noise. Each retail system/apparatus can be associated with more than one filling distributor  166  if needed. 
     As shown in  FIG. 10  the transport box drawer  170  is located in the cabinet  102 , below the till drawer  148 . To prevent unauthorized personnel, in this case personnel that are allowed to access the till drawer  148  but not the transport box drawer  170 , from accessing the transport box drawer  170  via the till drawer  148  (see  FIG. 7 ), access restricting components are arranged. These access restricting components include a steel curtain  172  above the transport box drawer  170 . The steel curtain comprises an arrangement of steel gills inclined upwardly, away from an opening direction of the till drawer  148 , preventing human visual and physical access to the transport box drawer  170  while allowing coins to pass into the latter. To collect coins dispensed into the transport box drawer  170 , any suitable type of storage device may be arranged therein. 
     Access to the transport box drawer  170  is permitted for selected personnel only. In practise only personnel from a CIT company can access the transport box. The same personnel can also instruct the system to empty the whole contents of the dispensers  142  into the transport box drawer  170 . This may be desired when the apparatus  100  is to be physically moved, reconditioned or similar. 
     Access to the various modules is generally differentiated. The day to day user can access the till drawer  148  only. This access is permitted after the user has logged on and after the verification of a personal card. The access to the coin dispensers  142  is generally restricted to a few individuals. The coin dispenser door  174  is opened with a security lock  176  code and a key inserted in a key hole  178 . In the first embodiment of the invention a ledge on the upper part of the till drawer  150  prevents the dispenser drawer  144  from being opened. This makes it more difficult for unauthorized personnel to access the interior of the cabinet. When the dispenser drawer  144  is correctly accessed the till drawer  150  will also be unlatched to permit opening. 
     According to a second embodiment (not shown) the arrangement for receiving the till may be of a prior-art type, i.e., with a non-closeable dispense space in the form of a ledge/recess or similar. According to this embodiment the invention concerns a cash deposit and dispensing apparatus provided with a transport box according to the description above. 
     In a third embodiment, see  FIG. 11 , the apparatus of the first or second embodiment is combined with a note module  180  for the handling of notes (bills). The note module  180  is designed according to prior art and has note depositing and dispensing capabilities. The addition of a note module  180  widens usability of the inventive apparatus. 
     In use, the coin recycling apparatus  100  is for utilizing a method of recycling coins to reduce or eliminate the need for a retail establishment to receive coins from a remote bank or CIT company. A first plurality of coins is deposited into the coin recycling apparatus  100  such as by emptying the contents of a portable cash receptacle (e.g., a till  146 ) at the end of a cashier&#39;s shift. The coins emptied from the till  146  are processed in the cash processing module  108  and the cash acceptance module  126  of the apparatus  102 . As noted above, the processing in the cash processing module  108  may include separating foreign matter from the coins. The processing in the cash acceptance module  126  may include separating valid coins from invalid coins, counting the number of valid coins of each denomination, and sorting the valid coins. 
     At the beginning of a cashier&#39;s shift, a portable cash receptacle (e.g., a till  146 ) to be used by the cashier can be filled with a specific composition of coins to be used to make change during the commercial transactions between the cashier and customers. The till drawer  148  is opened to allow the user to place the till  146  into the drawer. The drawer  148  is closed to prevent user access to the till received therein. As noted above, after closing the drawer  148 , the dispensers  142  dispense the desired specific composition of coins into the till  146  held in the drawer  148 . After the coins have been dispensed, the drawer  148  is opened to allow the cashier to remove the till  146  and proceed with commercial transactions with customers. 
     The recycling apparatus  100  of the present invention reuses coins deposited at the end of a cashier&#39;s shift as dispensed coins to be subsequently used by the same or a different cashier in providing change for later commercial transactions with customers. 
     The foregoing description of the invention illustrates and describes various embodiments of the present invention. As various changes could be made in the above construction without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. Furthermore, the scope of the present invention covers various modifications, combinations, alterations, etc., of the above-described embodiments that are within the scope of the claims. Additionally, the disclosure shows and describes only selected embodiments of the invention, but the invention is capable of use in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and is capable of changes or modifications within the scope of the inventive concept as expressed herein, commensurate with the above teachings, and/or within the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. Furthermore, certain features and characteristics of each embodiment may be selectively interchanged and applied to other illustrated and non-illustrated embodiments of the invention without departing from the scope of the invention