Patent Publication Number: US-2022216587-A1

Title: Antenna package and image display device including the same

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION AND CLAIM OF PRIORITY 
     This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2021-0002106 filed on Jan. 7, 2021 in the Korean Intellectual Property Office (KIPO), the entire disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein. 
     BACKGROUND 
     1. Field 
     The present invention relates to an antenna package and an image display device including the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to an antenna package including an antenna device and a circuit board and an image display device including the same. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     As information technologies have been developed, a wireless communication technology such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, etc., is combined with an image display device in, e.g., a smartphone form. In this case, an antenna may be combined with the image display device to provide a communication function. 
     According to developments of a mobile communication technology, an antenna capable of implementing, e.g., high frequency or ultra-high frequency band communication is needed in the display device. 
     However, if a driving frequency of the antenna increases, a receiving coverage may be relatively decreased and a sufficient band width may not be easily obtained. Further, a signal loss may be caused by a structure and an environment around the antenna to result in a degradation of an antenna sensitivity and reliability. 
     Further, as the image display device becomes thinner and a display area increases, a space for accommodating the antenna may be decreased. Thus, a construction of an antenna capable of implementing sufficient coverage and gain, and high-frequency driving within a limited space may be needed. 
     For example, Korean Published Patent Application No. 2003-0095557 discloses an antenna embedded in a mobile terminal, which may not provide sufficient coverage in a limited space. 
     SUMMARY 
     According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antenna package having improved operational reliability and structural efficiency. 
     According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an image display device including an antenna package with improved operational reliability and structural efficiency. 
     (1) An antenna package, including: a first antenna device including a first antenna unit; a first circuit board electrically connected to the first antenna unit; a second circuit board electrically connected to the first circuit board; a second antenna unit integrated with the second circuit board; and an antenna driving integrated circuit chip mounted on the second circuit board and electrically connected to the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit. 
     (2) The antenna package of the above (1), wherein the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are electrically connected to a single number of the antenna driving integrated circuit chip. 
     (3) The antenna package of the above (1), further including: a first connector mounted on the first circuit board and electrically connected to the first antenna unit; and a second connector mounted on the second circuit board and coupled to the first connector. 
     (4) The antenna package of the above (3), wherein the second circuit board further includes a first connection wiring, and the second connector is electrically connected to the antenna driving integrated circuit chip through the first connection wiring. 
     (5) The antenna package of the above (3), wherein the first connector and the second connector are high-frequency connectors. 
     (6) The antenna package of the above (1), wherein the second circuit board includes a second core layer and a first via structure penetrating the second core layer, and the second antenna unit is disposed on a bottom surface of the second core layer and is electrically connected to the antenna driving integrated circuit chip through the first via structure. 
     (7) The antenna package of the above (6), further including: a third antenna unit disposed under the second antenna unit; and an insulating layer disposed between the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit. 
     (8) The antenna package of the above (7), wherein the second circuit board includes a second via structure penetrating the second core layer and the insulating layer, and the third antenna unit is electrically connected to the antenna driving integrated circuit chip through the second via structure. 
     (9) The antenna package of the above (1), wherein the first circuit board is a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) and the second circuit board is a rigid printed circuit board. 
     (10) The antenna package of the above (1), wherein the first antenna unit includes a plurality of first antenna units disposed in an array form, and the first circuit board includes a plurality of signal wirings independently bonded to each of the plurality of first antenna units and electrically connected to the first connector. 
     (11) The antenna package of the above (10), wherein the first circuit board has a first portion bonded to the first antenna unit and a second portion having a smaller width than that of the first portion, and the first connector is mounted on the second portion. 
     (12) The antenna package of the above (11), wherein the second portion of the first circuit board is bent to couple the first connector and the second connector to each other. 
     (13) The antenna package of the above (10), wherein the first antenna device further includes an antenna dielectric layer on which the first antenna units are arranged, and each of the first antenna units includes a first radiator, a transmission line extending from the radiator and a signal pad connected to a terminal end portion of the transmission line and bonded to each of the signal wirings. 
     (14) An image display device, including: a display panel; and the antenna package according embodiments as described above disposed on the display panel such that the first antenna unit is disposed at a front portion of the display panel. 
     (15) The image display device of the above (14), further including a main board disposed under the display panel, and a control unit mounted on the main board, and the antenna package is bent under the display panel to be electrically connected to the control unit. 
     (16) The image display device of the above (15), wherein the second circuit board of the antenna package includes a second connection wiring, and the antenna package further includes a third connector mounted on the second circuit board and electrically connected to the antenna driving integrated circuit chip through the second connection wiring. 
     (17) The image display device of the above (16), further including a fourth connector mounted on the main board to be coupled to the third connector, wherein the main board further includes a third connection wiring for electrically connecting the control unit and the fourth connector to each other. 
     (18) The image display device of the above (17), wherein the third connector and the fourth connector are low-frequency connectors. 
     The antenna package according to embodiments of the present invention may include a first circuit board bonded to a first antenna device, a second circuit board electrically connected to the first circuit board and including an antenna driving integrated circuit chip mounted thereon, and a second antenna unit integral with the second circuit board. Accordingly, a plurality of antenna units may be connected to one antenna driving integrated circuit chip, and a multi-axial transmission/reception and an extended beam coverage may be achieved. 
     In some embodiments, the second antenna unit may be electrically connected to the antenna driving integrated circuit chip through a via structure. In this case, a connection distance between the second antenna unit and the antenna driving IC chip may be decreased. Accordingly, a signal loss of the antenna may be reduced and radiation performance may be improved. 
     In some embodiments, a connector connecting the first circuit board and the second circuit board may be a high-frequency connector, and a connector connecting the second circuit board and a main board of the image display device may be a low-frequency connector. Accordingly, a high frequency or ultra-high frequency signal may be converted into a low frequency signal in the antenna driving integrated circuit chip to be stably transmitted to a control unit of the main board. 
     In some embodiments, the first antenna unit may serve as an AoD (Antenna on Display) disposed on a front portion of a display panel in an image display device, and the second antenna unit may serve as an AiP (Antenna in package) included in a lateral or rear portion of the image display device. Signal transmission/reception and radiation may be implemented throughout a substantially entire area of the image display device using the antenna package. Further, the AoD and the AiP may be independently controlled and driven through the same antenna driving integrated circuit (IC) chip. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic top planar view illustrating an antenna package in accordance with exemplary embodiments. 
         FIGS. 2 and 3  are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating a second circuit board included in an antenna package in accordance with exemplary embodiments. 
         FIG. 4  is a schematic top planar view illustrating a connection between an antenna package and an image display device in accordance with exemplary embodiments. 
         FIGS. 5 and 6  are a schematic cross-sectional view and a schematic top planar view, respectively, illustrating an image display device in accordance with exemplary embodiments. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS 
     According to exemplary embodiments of the present invention, there is provided an antenna package including antenna units and a circuit board. According to exemplary embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided an image display device including the antenna package. 
     Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that such embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the spirit of the present invention and do not limit subject matters to be protected as disclosed in the detailed description and appended claims. 
     The terms “first”, “second”, “top”, “bottom”, “above”, “bottom”, etc., used in this application are not intended to designate an absolute position, but are used to distinguish different components, or designate relative positions between different components. 
       FIG. 1  is a schematic top planar view illustrating an antenna package in accordance with exemplary embodiments. 
     Referring to  FIG. 1 , the antenna package may include a first antenna device  100 , a first circuit board  200 , and connectors  250  and  400 . The antenna package may further include a second circuit board  300  connected to the first circuit board  200  through a circuit board coupling connector  250 . 
     The first antenna device  100  may include an antenna dielectric layer  110  and an antenna unit  120  disposed on the antenna dielectric layer  110 . 
     The antenna dielectric layer  110  may include a transparent resin film that may include a polyester-based resin such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene isophthalate, polyethylene naphthalate and polybutylene terephthalate; a cellulose-based resin such as diacetyl cellulose and triacetyl cellulose; a polycarbonate-based resin; an acrylic resin such as polymethyl (meth)acrylate and polyethyl (meth)acrylate; a styrene-based resin such as polystyrene and an acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer; a polyolefin-based resin such as polyethylene, polypropylene, a cycloolefin or polyolefin having a norbornene structure and an ethylene-propylene copolymer; a vinyl chloride-based resin; an amide-based resin such as nylon and an aromatic polyamide; an imide-based resin; a polyethersulfone-based resin; a sulfone-based resin; a polyether ether ketone-based resin; a polyphenylene sulfide resin; a vinyl alcohol-based resin; a vinylidene chloride-based resin; a vinyl butyral-based resin; an allylate-based resin; a polyoxymethylene-based resin; an epoxy-based resin; a urethane or acrylic urethane-based resin; a silicone-based resin, etc. These may be used alone or in a combination of two or more therefrom. 
     The antenna dielectric layer  110  may include an adhesive material such as an optically clear adhesive (OCA) or an optically clear resin (OCR). In some embodiments, the antenna dielectric layer  110  may include an inorganic insulating material such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, glass, or the like. 
     In some embodiments, a dielectric constant of the antenna dielectric layer  110  may be adjusted in a range from about 1.5 to about 12. When the dielectric constant exceeds about 12, a driving frequency may be excessively decreased, so that driving in a desired high or ultra-high frequency band may not be implemented. 
     The first antenna unit  120  may be formed on a top surface of the antenna dielectric layer  110 . For example, a plurality of the antenna units  120  may be arranged in an array form along a width direction of the antenna dielectric layer  110  or the antenna package to form an antenna unit row. 
     The first antenna unit  120  may include a first radiator  122  and a transmission line  124 . The first radiator  122  may have, e.g., a polygonal plate shape, and the transmission line  124  may extend from one side of the first radiator  122 . The transmission line  124  may be formed as a single member substantially integral with the first radiator  122 , and may have a smaller width than that of the first radiator  122 . 
     The first antenna unit  120  may further include a signal pad  126 . The signal pad  126  may be connected to an end portion of the transmission line  124 . In an embodiment, the signal pad  126  may be provided as a member substantially integral with the transmission line  124 , and the end portion of the transmission line  124  may serve as the signal pad  126 . 
     In some embodiments, a ground pad  128  may be disposed around the signal pad  126 . For example, a pair of the ground pads  128  may be disposed to face each other with the signal pad  126  interposed therebetween. The ground pad  128  may be electrically and physically separated from the transmission line  124  and the signal pad  126 . 
     The first antenna unit  120  or the first radiator  122  may be designed to have, e.g., a resonance frequency of higher high-frequency or ultra-high frequency band corresponding to a band of 3G, 4G, 5G or higher. For example, the resonance frequency of the antenna unit may be in a range from about 20 GHz to 40 GHz. 
     In some embodiments, the first radiators  122  having different sizes may be arranged on the antenna dielectric layer  110 . In this case, the first antenna device  100  may be provided as a multi-radiation or multi-band antenna radiating in a plurality of resonance frequency bands. 
     The first antenna unit  120  may include silver (Ag), gold (Au), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), vanadium (V), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), tin (Sn), molybdenum (Mo), calcium (Ca) or an alloy containing at least one of the metals. These may be used alone or in combination thereof. 
     In an embodiment, the first antenna unit  120  may include silver (Ag) or a silver alloy (e.g., silver-palladium-copper (APC)), or copper (Cu) or a copper alloy (e.g., a copper-calcium (CuCa)) to implement a low resistance and a fine line width pattern. 
     In an embodiment, the first antenna unit  120  may include a transparent conductive oxide such as indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), zinc oxide (ZnOx), indium zinc tin oxide (IZTO), etc. 
     In some embodiments, the first antenna unit  120  may include a stacked structure of a transparent conductive oxide layer and a metal layer. For example, the antenna unit may include a double-layered structure of a transparent conductive oxide layer-metal layer, or a triple-layered structure of a transparent conductive oxide layer-metal layer-transparent conductive oxide layer. In this case, flexible property may be improved by the metal layer, and a signal transmission speed may also be improved by a low resistance of the metal layer. Corrosive resistance and transparency may be improved by the transparent conductive oxide layer. 
     The first antenna unit  120  may include a blackened portion, so that a reflectance at a surface of the first antenna unit  120  may be decreased to suppress a visual recognition of the antenna unit due to a light reflectance. 
     In an embodiment, a surface of the metal layer included in the first antenna unit  120  may be converted into a metal oxide or a metal sulfide to form a blackened layer. In an embodiment, a blackened layer such as a black material coating layer or a plating layer may be formed on the first antenna unit  120  or the metal layer. The black material or plating layer may include silicon, carbon, copper, molybdenum, tin, chromium, molybdenum, nickel, cobalt, or an oxide, sulfide or alloy containing at least one therefrom. 
     A composition and a thickness of the blackened layer may be adjusted in consideration of a reflectance reduction effect and an antenna radiation property. 
     In some embodiments, the first radiator  122  and the transmission line  124  may include a mesh-pattern structure to improve transmittance. In this case, a dummy mesh pattern (not illustrated) may be formed around the first radiator  122  and the transmission line  124 . 
     The signal pad  126  and the ground pad  128  may be formed in a solid pattern formed of the above-described metal or alloy in consideration of a reduction of a feeding resistance, a noise absorption efficiency, an addition of a horizontal radiation property. 
     In an embodiment, the first radiator  122  may have a mesh-pattern structure, and at least a portion of the transmission line  124  may include a solid metal pattern. 
     The first radiator  122  may be disposed in a display area of an image display device, and the signal pad  126  and the ground pad  128  may be disposed in a non-display area or a bezel area of the image display device. At least a portion of the transmission line  124  may also be disposed in the non-display area or the bezel area. 
     The first circuit board  200  may include a first core layer  210  and a signal wiring  220  formed on a surface of the first core layer  210 . For example, the first circuit board  200  may be a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB). 
     In some embodiments, the antenna dielectric layer  110  may serve as the first circuit board  200 . In this case, the first circuit board  200  (e.g., the first core layer  210  of the first circuit board  200 ) may be provided as a member substantially integral with the antenna dielectric layer  110 . Further, the signal wiring  220  may be directly connected to the transmission line  124 , and the signal pad  126  may be omitted. 
     The first core layer  210  may include, e.g., a flexible resin such as a polyimide resin, modified polyimide (MPI), an epoxy resin, polyester, a cycloolefin polymer (COP) or a liquid crystal polymer (LCP). The first core layer  210  may include an internal insulating layer included in the first circuit board  200 . 
     The signal wirings  220  may serve as, e.g., feeding lines. The signal wirings  220  may be arranged on one surface of the first core layer  210  (e.g., a surface facing the antenna unit  120 ). 
     For example, the first circuit board  200  may further include a coverlay film formed on the one surface of the first core layer  210  and covering the signal wirings  220 . 
     The signal wirings  220  may be connected or bonded to the signal pads  126  of the first antenna units  120 . For example, one end portions of the signal wirings  220  may be exposed by partially removing the coverlay film of the first circuit board  200 . The exposed end portions of the signal wirings  220  may be bonded to the signal pads  126 . 
     For example, a conductive bonding structure such as an anisotropic conductive film (ACF) may be attached on the signal pads  126 , and then a bonding region BR of the first circuit board  200  in which the one end portions the signal wirings  220  are positioned may be disposed on the conductive bonding structure. Thereafter, the bonding region BR of the first circuit board  200  may be attached to the first antenna device  100  by a heat treating/pressing process, and the signal wirings  220  may be electrically connected to each signal pad  126 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 1 , each of the signal wiring  220  may be independently connected or bonded to each of the signal pads  126  of the first antenna units  120 . In this case, feeding and control signals may be independently supplied from an antenna driving integrated circuit (IC) chip  330  to each of the first antenna units  120 . 
     In some embodiments, the predetermined number of the antenna units  120  may be coupled through the signal wiring  220 . 
     In some embodiments, the first circuit board  200  or the first core layer  210  may include a first portion  213  and a second portion  215  having different widths, and the second portion  215  may have a width smaller than that of the first portion  213 . 
     The first portion  213  may serve as, e.g., a main substrate portion of the first circuit board  200 . One end portion of the first portion  213  may include the bonding region BR, and the signal wirings  210  may extend from the bonding region BR toward the second portion  215  on the first portion  213 . 
     The signal wirings  210  may include a bent portion on the first portion  213  as indicated by a dotted circle. Accordingly, the signal wirings  210  may extend on the second portion  215  having a relatively narrow width with a smaller spacing or a higher wiring density than that in the first portion  213 . 
     The second portion  215  may serve as a connector coupling portion. For example, the second portion  215  may be bent toward a rear portion of the image display device to be electrically connected to the second circuit board  300 . Accordingly, a circuit connection of the signal wirings  220  may be easily implemented by using the second portion  215  having a reduced width. 
     Further, a bonding stability with the first antenna device  100  may be improved by the first portion  213  having a relatively large width. If the first antenna units  120  of the first antenna device  100  are arranged in the array form, a sufficient distribution space of the signal wirings  220  may be provided from the first portion  213 . 
     In exemplary embodiments, the first circuit board  200  and the second circuit board  300  may be electrically connected to each other through a circuit board coupling connector  250 . 
     In some embodiments, the circuit board coupling connector  250  may be provided as a Board to Board (B2B) connector, and may include a first connector  252  and a second connector  254 . 
     The first connector  252  may be mounted on the second portion  215  of the first circuit board  200  to be electrically connected to terminal end portions of the signal wirings  220  through a surface mount technology (SMT). 
     The second circuit board  300  may be, e.g., a rigid printed circuit board. For example, the second circuit board  300  may include a resin (e.g., epoxy resin) layer impregnated with an inorganic material such as glass fiber (e.g., a prepreg) as a base insulating layer or a second core layer  310 . The second circuit board  300  may further include circuit wirings distributed on a surface and at an inside of the base insulating layer. 
     The antenna driving IC chip  330  may be mounted on the second circuit board  300 . As described above, the second connector  254  may be mounted on the second circuit board  300  through, e.g., the surface mount technology (SMT). For example, the second connector  254  may be electrically connected to the antenna driving IC chip  330  through a first connection wiring  335  included in the second circuit board  300 . 
     As indicated by an arrow in  FIG. 1 , the first connector  252  mounted on the first circuit board  200  and the second connector  254  mounted on the second circuit board  300  may be coupled to each other. For example, the first connector  252  may serve as a plug connector or a male connector, and the second connector  254  may serve as a receptacle connector or a female connector. 
     Thus, the first and second circuit boards  200  and  300  may be connected through the circuit board coupling connector  250 , so that and the antenna driving IC chip  330  and the first antenna units  120  may be electrically connected to each other. Accordingly, feeding/control signals (e.g., a phase, a beam tilting signal, etc.) may be applied from the antenna driving IC chip  330  to the first antenna unit  120 . Additionally, an intermediate structure of the first circuit board  200 -the circuit board coupling connector  250 -the second circuit board  300  may be formed. 
     As described above, the first and second circuit boards  200  and  300  may be electrically coupled to each other by using the circuit board coupling connector  250 . Accordingly, the first and second circuit boards  200  and  300  may be easily coupled to each other using the circuit board coupling connector  250  without an additional heating or pressurizing process such as a bonding process. 
     Therefore, a dielectric loss due to thermal damages to a substrate and a resistance increase due to wiring damages, etc., caused by the heating and pressurization process may be suppressed and a signal loss in the first antenna unit  120  may also be prevented. 
     Further, the second portion  215  of the first circuit board  200  on which the first connector  252  is mounted may be bent, and the first connector  252  may be coupled to the second connector  254 , so that a connection with the second circuit board  300  disposed at the rear portion of the image display device may be easily implemented. 
     For example, the first connector  252  and the second connector  254  may be high-frequency connectors. For example, the first connector  252  and the second connector  254  may be high-frequency connectors of 12 GHz or higher. In this case, a signal transmission between the first antenna device  100  for transmitting and receiving a signal in a high frequency or ultrahigh frequency (e.g., 3G, 4G, 5G or higher) band and the antenna driving IC chip  330  may be facilitated. Accordingly, the signal transmission/reception with high-efficiency and high-reliability may be implemented in the high-frequency or ultra-high frequency band. 
     A circuit element  340  may be mounted on the second circuit board  300  in addition to the antenna driving IC chip  330 . The circuit element  340  may include, e.g., a capacitor such as a multi-layered ceramic capacitor (MLCC), an inductor, a resistor, or the like. 
       FIGS. 2 and 3  are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating a second circuit board included in an antenna package in accordance with exemplary embodiments. Specifically,  FIGS. 2 and 3  are schematic cross-sectional views of the second circuit board taken along line a I-I′ of  FIG. 1 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 2 , the second circuit board  300  may include the second core layer  310 . The second antenna unit  352  may be substantially integrated with the second circuit board  300 . For example, the second antenna unit  352  may be disposed on a bottom surface of the second core layer  310  or buried in the second core layer  310 . 
     In exemplary embodiments, the second circuit board  300  may include a first via structure  354  penetrating the second core layer  310 . 
     The second antenna unit  352  may be electrically connected to the antenna driving IC chip  330  through, e.g., the first via structure  354 . 
     In this case, a signal transmission/reception between the second antenna unit  352  and the antenna driving IC chip  330  may be implemented through the first via structure  354  without an additional signal wiring. Accordingly, a connection distance between the second antenna unit  352  and the antenna driving IC chip  330  may be reduced, so that a signal loss may be prevented and a radiation performance may be improved. 
     For example, the first via structure  354  may be a structure filled in a via hole. For example, the first via structure  354  may be formed of substantially the same material as that of the second antenna unit  352 . 
     In some embodiments, the first antenna unit  120  and the second antenna unit  352  may be electrically connected to one antenna driving IC chip  330 . In this case, feeding/control signals may be applied from one antenna driving IC chip  330  to the first antenna unit  120  and the second antenna unit  352 . 
     Thus, space efficiency of the antenna package and the image display device may be increased. Additionally, an additional antenna driving IC chip for applying a signal to the second antenna unit  352  may not be needed, and thus a signaling distance may be reduced, thereby reducing the signal loss and achieving the antenna with high reliability. 
     In some embodiments, a protective layer  320  may be disposed on the second antenna unit  352 . The protective layer  320  may be, e.g., a coverlay film. 
     For example, the protective layer  320  may include substantially the same material as that of the first and second core layers  210  and  310 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 3 , a third antenna unit  362  may be further disposed under the second antenna unit  352 , and an insulating layer  355  may be disposed between the second antenna unit  352  and the third antenna unit  362 . 
     For example, the second antenna unit  352  and the third antenna unit  362  may be electrically and physically separated from each other by the insulating layer  355 . In this case, the above-described protective layer  320  may be formed on the third antenna unit  362 . 
     In some embodiments, the second circuit board  300  may include a second via structure  364  penetrating the second core layer  310 . The third antenna unit  362  may be electrically connected to the antenna driving IC chip  330  through, e.g., the second via structure  364 . 
     In this case, a signal transmission/reception between the third antenna unit  362  and the antenna driving IC chip  330  may be implemented through the second via structure  364  without an additional signal wiring. Accordingly, a connection distance between the third antenna unit  362  and the antenna driving IC chip  330  may be reduced, so that the signal loss may be reduced and the radiation performance may be improved. 
     For example, the second via structure  364  may be a structure filled in the via hole. For example, the second via structure  364  may be formed of substantially the same material as that of the third antenna unit  362 . 
     Further, a plurality of the second antenna units  352  and the third antenna unis  362  may be connected to one antenna driving IC chip  330  with the reduced signal loss, so that spatial efficiency, radiation performance and antenna gain of the antenna package may be improved. 
     For example, the second antenna unit  352  may include a second radiator, and the third antenna unit  362  may include a third radiator. 
     In some embodiments, the second radiator and the third radiator may have different shapes and sizes. In this case, the second antenna unit  352  and the third antenna unit  362  may have different resonance frequencies. Accordingly, the second antenna unit  352  and the third antenna unit  362  may be provided as multi-radiation or multi-band antennas radiating in a plurality of resonance frequency bands. 
     In some embodiments, a plurality of the second antenna units  352  and a plurality of the third antenna units  362  may form a second antenna unit column and a third antenna unit column, respectively. 
     For example, the second antenna unit column and the third antenna unit column may be stacked in a thickness direction. Thus, a plurality of the antenna units  352  and  362  may be disposed in a narrow space, and spatial efficiency and radiation performance of the antenna package may be further improved. 
     In some embodiments, the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit may not overlap each other in the thickness direction. In this case, a vertical radiation of each antenna unit may be facilitated, and deterioration of driving reliability due to a signal overlap or a signal disturbance may be prevented. 
     The second antenna unit  352  and the third antenna unit  362  may include, e.g., substantially the same metal, alloy or conductive oxide as those of the above-described first antenna unit  120 . The second radiator and the third radiator may have, e.g., a polygonal plate shape. 
     For example, the second antenna unit  352  and the third antenna unit  362  may include a solid metal pattern in consideration of, e.g., a low resistance to improve radiation performance and signal efficiency. 
       FIG. 4  is a schematic top planar view illustrating a connection between an antenna package and an image display device in accordance with exemplary embodiments. 
     Referring to  FIG. 4 , the above-described second circuit board  300  may be electrically connected to a main board  450  of the image display device through a main board coupling connector  400 . For example, the main board  450  may include a core layer formed of substantially the same material as that of the first core layer  210  of the first circuit board  200  as described above. 
     In some embodiments, the main board coupling connector  400  may be provided as a B2B connector, and may include a third connector  410  and a fourth connector  420   
     In some embodiments, the third connector  410  may be mounted on the second circuit board  300  by, e.g., an SMT. For example, the third connector  410  may be electrically connected to the antenna driving IC chip  330  through the second connection wiring  415  included in the second circuit board  300 . 
     In some embodiments, the fourth connector  420  may be mounted on the main board  450  of the image display device by, e.g., an SMT. For example, the fourth connector  420  may be electrically connected to a control unit  460  (e.g., an application processor (AP)) mounted on the main board  450  through a third connection wiring  465  included in the main board  450 . 
     As indicated by an arrow in  FIG. 4 , the third connector  410  mounted on the second circuit board  300  and the fourth connector  420  mounted on the main board  450  may be coupled to each other. For example, the third connector  410  may be provided as a plug connector or a male connector, and the fourth connector  420  may be provided as a receptacle connector or a female connector. 
     Accordingly, the connection of the second circuit board  300  and the main board  450  may be implemented through the main board coupling connector  400 , and an electrical connection of the antenna driving IC chip  330  and the control unit  460  may be implemented. Thus, feeding/control signals may be applied from the control unit  460  to the first antenna unit  120 , the second antenna unit  352  and/or the third antenna unit  362  through the antenna driving IC chip  330 . Additionally, an intermediate structure of the second circuit board  300 -the main board coupling connector  400 -the main board  450  may be formed. 
     As described above, the second circuit board  300  and the main board  450  may be electrically coupled to each other using the main board coupling connector  400 . Thus, the second circuit board  300  and the main board  450  may be easily coupled to each other using the main board coupling connector  250  without an additional heating or pressurizing process such as a bonding process. 
     Therefore, a dielectric loss due to thermal damages to a substrate and a resistance increase due to wiring damages, etc., caused by the heating and pressurizing process may be suppressed and a signal loss between the control unit  460  and the antenna driving IC chip  330  may also be prevented. 
     In some embodiments, the third connector  410  and the fourth connector  420  may be low-frequency connectors. For example, the third connector  410  and the fourth connector  420  may be low-frequency connectors of 10 GHz or less. 
     For example, the above-described antenna driving IC chip  330  may convert a high frequency or ultra-high frequency (e.g., 12 GHz or more) signal into a low frequency (e.g., 10 GHz or less) signal. For example, the converted low-frequency signal may be transmitted to the third connector  410  through the second connection wiring  415 . 
     For example, the low-frequency signal may be transmitted to the control unit  460  of the image display device through the fourth connector  420  coupled to the third connector  410 . Accordingly, a long-wavelength signal may be stably transmitted to the control unit  460  while also implementing a signaling in the high-frequency or ultra-high frequency band. 
       FIGS. 5 and 6  are a schematic cross-sectional view and a schematic top planar view, respectively, illustrating an image display device in accordance with exemplary embodiments. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 5 and 6 , an image display device  500  may be fabricated in the form of, e.g., a smart phone, and  FIG. 6  illustrates a front portion or a window surface of the image display device  500 . The front portion of the image display device  500  may include a display area  510  and a peripheral area  520 . The peripheral area  520  may correspond to, e.g., a light-shielding portion or a bezel portion of the image display device. 
     In  FIG. 6 , the second antenna unit  352  and the second circuit board  300  are omitted for convenience of explanation. 
     The first antenna unit  120  included in the above-described antenna package may be disposed toward the front portion of the image display device  500 , and may be disposed on, e.g., a display panel  505 . In an embodiment, the first radiators  122  may be at least partially disposed in the display area  510 . 
     In this case, the first radiator  122  may include a mesh-pattern structure to prevent a reduction of transmittance due to the first radiator  122 . The pads  126  and  128  included in the first antenna unit  120  may be formed as a solid metal pattern, and may be disposed in the peripheral area  520  to prevent deterioration of an image quality 
     In some embodiments, the first circuit board  200  may be bent by, e.g., the second portion  215  and disposed on a rear portion of the image display device  500  to extend to the second circuit board on which the antenna driving IC chip  330  is mounted. 
     The first circuit board  200  and the second circuit board  300  may be interconnected through the circuit board coupling connector  250 , so that feeding and antenna driving control of the first antenna device  100  may be performed by the antenna driving IC chip  330 . 
     In exemplary embodiments, the first antenna unit  120  may be disposed on the front portion of the display panel  505  and may serve as, e.g., an AoD (Antenna on Display). 
     In example embodiments, the second antenna unit  352  and the second circuit board  300  may be disposed on a lateral portion or the rear portion of the display panel  505  to serve as, e.g., an AiP (Antenna in Package). 
     Accordingly, a multi-axis directional transmission/reception may be implemented in one antenna package and an enhanced beam coverage may be obtained. 
     As described above, the antenna units may be disposed on the front, lateral side or rear portion of the image display device, so that radiation coverage of the antenna unit may be expanded. Accordingly, higher radiation sensitivity and signal sensitivity may be achieved while prevent a narrowing band phenomenon occurring in the high-frequency or ultrahigh-frequency communication. 
     Further, the number of the antenna units may be increased in the lateral or rear portion that may not be visible to a user, so that antenna driving properties may be enhanced without degrading the image quality of the image display device.