Patent Publication Number: US-9902587-B2

Title: Method and apparatus for fabricating stretch film rolls

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a Divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/332,446, filed Jul. 16, 2014. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates generally to stretch film and in particular, to a method and apparatus for fabricating stretch film rolls. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Stretch film is widely used for wrapping and securing palletized loads for shipping. This is partly due to the fact that stretch film exhibits a “memory”, or a tendency to shrink, upon stretching. For example, stretch film that is stretched by an amount of 10% will shrink nearly 10% of its stretched length. This “memory” assists in securing wrapped palletized articles together under compression. 
     Stretch film is fabricated in the form of stretch film rolls. Each stretch film roll may be used to manually wrap a palletized load, or may be loaded into an automated wrapping machine. 
     In some situations, the tensile strength of conventional stretch film may be insufficient to withstand tensile forces applied during wrapping, which can cause the stretch film to tear during wrapping. 
     Improvements are generally desired. It is therefore an object at least to provide a novel method and apparatus for fabricating stretch film rolls. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In one aspect, there is provided an apparatus for fabricating a stretch film roll, comprising: a device configured to fold a stretch film web to yield a folded stretch film web comprising at least one longitudinal band of increased thickness, each band of increased thickness being spaced from the longitudinal edges of the folded stretch film web; and a driven winding shaft for winding the folded stretch film web. 
     Each band of increased thickness may comprise a plurality of longitudinal folds. The at least one band of increased thickness may comprise a longitudinal band of wrinkled or bunched stretch film web. The at least one band of increased thickness may comprise a longitudinal pleat. The pleat may comprise at least two longitudinal folds. 
     The device may comprise: a member having at least one folding edge, and at least one guide, each guide configured to cooperate with a respective folding edge to form a respective longitudinal band of increased thickness. Each guide may be a generally conically-shaped tip. Each guide may be generally disc-shaped. Each generally disc-shaped guide may be configured to be rotatable. The member may be: a form defining at least one longitudinal channel, or at least one guide member. Each guide member may comprise a generally disc-shaped guide. Each generally disc-shaped guide may be configured to be rotatable. 
     The apparatus may further comprise at least one component configured to be oscillated for oscillating the folded stretch film web. The at least one component configured to be oscillated may be one or more of: at least one roller, at least one additional guide, the device, and the winding shaft. The at least one component may be configured to be oscillated along an axis that is generally orthogonal to a direction of travel of the folded stretch film web. The at least one component may be configured to be oscillated over either a fixed distance or a variable distance. The at least one component may be configured to be oscillated at either a fixed frequency or a variable frequency. 
     The winding shaft may support a core onto which the folded stretch film is wound. The winding shaft may be a coreless winding shaft onto which the folded stretch film is wound. 
     The stretch film web may be fabricated by the apparatus. The stretch film web may be provided to the apparatus as a supply of previously-fabricated stretch film web. 
     In another aspect, there is provided a method for fabricating a stretch film roll, comprising: providing a stretch film web; folding the stretch film web using a device to yield a folded stretch film web comprising at least one longitudinal band of increased thickness, each band of increased thickness being spaced from the longitudinal edges of the folded stretch film web; and winding the folded stretch film web. 
     The folding may comprise applying the stretch film web against at least one folding edge to form said at least one longitudinal band of increased thickness. The at least one longitudinal band of increased thickness may comprise a band of wrinkled or bunched stretch film web. The at least one longitudinal band of increased thickness may comprise a longitudinal pleat. Each pleat may comprise at least two longitudinal folds. 
     The method may further comprise oscillating the folded stretch film web prior to said winding. The oscillating may comprise oscillating one or more of the following along an axis that is generally orthogonal to a direction of travel of the folded stretch film web: at least one roller, at least one additional guide, the device, and the winding shaft. 
     The providing may comprise fabricating the stretch film web. The providing may comprise providing a supply of previously-fabricated stretch film web. 
     In another aspect, there is provided a method, comprising: providing a stretch film web; passing the stretch film web between a member and at least one guide, the member comprising at least one channel, the at least one guide cooperating with the at least one channel to yield a folded stretch film web comprising at least one longitudinal band of increased thickness. 
     The at least one guide may cooperate with the at least one channel to wrinkle or bunch the stretch film web. The at least one guide may cooperate with the at least one channel to form a pleat. 
     The providing may comprise fabricating the stretch film web. The providing may comprise providing a supply of previously-fabricated stretch film web. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a side view of a portion of an apparatus for fabricating stretch film rolls, during use; 
         FIG. 2  is a perspective view of a folding device forming part of the apparatus of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 3  is a sectional front view of the folding device of  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 4  is a sectional perspective view of the folding device of  FIG. 2 , during use; 
         FIG. 5  is a sectional view of a portion of a folded stretch film web formed using the apparatus of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 6  is a sectional front view of another embodiment of a folding device forming part of the apparatus of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 7  is a sectional perspective view of the folding device of  FIG. 6 , during use; 
         FIG. 8  is a sectional view of a portion of a folded stretch film web formed using the apparatus of  FIG. 6 ; 
         FIG. 9  is a perspective view of another embodiment of a folding device forming part of the apparatus of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 10  is a sectional perspective view of the folding device of  FIG. 9 , during use; 
         FIG. 11  is a sectional front view of the folding device of  FIG. 9 , during use; 
         FIG. 12  is a perspective view of another embodiment of a folding device forming part of the apparatus of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 13  is a perspective view of the folding device of  FIG. 12 , during use; 
         FIG. 14  is a sectional front view of the folding device of  FIG. 12 , during use; 
         FIG. 15  is a sectional view of a portion of another embodiment of a folded stretch film web formed using the apparatus of  FIG. 6 ; and 
         FIG. 16  is a sectional view of a portion of still another embodiment of a folded stretch film web. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS 
     Turning now to  FIG. 1 , a portion of an apparatus for fabricating stretch film rolls is shown, and is generally indicated by reference numeral  20 . Apparatus  20  comprises an extruder (not shown) that is configured to dispense a continuous sheet of plastic film onto a surface of a rotating cast roller (not shown) so as to form a stretch film web  22 . Apparatus  20  also comprises a set of preliminary rollers (not shown) configured to receive the stretch film web  22  from the cast roller. 
     Apparatus  20  further comprises a folding device  30  that is positioned downstream from the set of preliminary rollers, and that is configured to receive the stretch film web  22  from the set of preliminary rollers. The folding device  30  may be better seen in  FIGS. 2 to 4 . Folding device  30  comprises a form  32 , which has a web-facing surface  34  over which the moving stretch film web  22  travels. In this embodiment, the form  32  also has two (2) channels  36 , each of which extends along a longitudinal side of the form  32  in the direction of travel of the stretch film web  22 . Each channel  36  is shaped so as to define a longitudinal folding edge  38  extending along a longitudinal edge of the planar surface  34 . 
     The folding device  30  also comprises two (2) guides  46  positioned at the sides of the form  32 . Each guide  46  is terminated by a rounded, generally conical tip that is sized to engage a respective channel  36 , and each guide  46  is coupled to an adjustable positioning apparatus (not shown) for enabling the position of the guide  46  relative to the channel  36  to be adjusted as necessary. Each guide  46  is configured to cooperate with its respective folding edge  38  to form a pleat within the stretch film web. Specifically, each guide  46  is configured to direct a portion of the moving stretch film web  22  into the channel  36  and against the folding edge  38 , which in turn causes a portion of the moving stretch film web  22  to fold onto itself downstream from the guide  46  and form a pleat. In this embodiment, the folding device  30  is configured to form a folded stretch film web  50  comprising two (2) pleats  52 , with each pleat  52  comprising two (2) folds separated by a width of about 0.3 inches, as may be seen in  FIG. 5 . The folding device  30  is also configured such that each pleat  52  is spaced from the nearest longitudinal edge of the folded stretch film web  50  by at least a distance corresponding to the width of the pleat. 
     The apparatus  20  further comprises a first intermediate roller  62  that is configured to receive the folded stretch film web  50  from the folding device  30 , and a second intermediate roller  64  that is configured to receive the folded stretch film web  50  from the first intermediate roller  62 . In this embodiment, the first intermediate roller  62  and the second intermediate roller  64  are configured as idler rollers. 
     Additionally, in this embodiment, the second intermediate roller  64  is configured to be oscillated along an oscillation axis that is generally orthogonal to the direction of travel of the folded stretch film web  50 , so as to cause the moving folded stretch film web  50  to also be oscillated. At least one assembly (not shown) is provided for oscillating the second intermediate roller  64  along the oscillation axis. The second intermediate roller  64  is oscillated at a fixed frequency and over a fixed distance along the oscillation axis. In this embodiment, the fixed frequency is a frequency in the range from about 0.1 cycles per minute to about 200 cycles per minute, and the fixed distance, and namely the distance travelled during one cycle, is a distance in the range from about 0.1 inches to about 4 inches. 
     Apparatus  20  further comprises a roller  66  that is configured to receive the oscillated, folded stretch film web  50  from the second intermediate roller  64 . Apparatus  20  further comprises a winding shaft  68  positioned adjacent the roller  66  and supporting a core  72 . The winding shaft  68 , with the core  72  supported thereon, is configured to receive the oscillated folded stretch film web  50  from the roller  66  for winding the oscillated folded stretch film web  50  onto the core  72 , so as to form a stretch film roll, and namely a roll of folded stretch film. An assembly (not shown) is provided for rotatably driving the winding shaft  68 . The surface of the folded stretch film wound onto the core  72  is generally in contact with the surface of the roller  66 , so as to prevent air entrapment between layers of the folded stretch film during winding. In this embodiment, the roller  66  is configured as an idler roller. 
     In use, the extruder dispenses a continuous sheet of plastic film onto the surface of the rotating cast roller to form the stretch film web  22 , which is then received by the set of preliminary rollers. From the set of preliminary rollers, the stretch film web  22  travels downstream and is received by the folding device  30 . As the stretch film web  22  travels through the folding device  30 , it passes over the planar surface  34  of the form  32  and is directed into the channels  36  by the guides  38 , so as to yield a folded stretch film web  50  comprising pleats  52 . 
     Downstream from the folding device  30 , the folded stretch film web  50  is received by the first intermediate roller  62 , and in turn by the second intermediate roller  64 . The second intermediate roller  64  is oscillated along the oscillation axis, which in turn causes the folded stretch film web  50  to be oscillated. From the second intermediate roller  64 , the oscillated, folded stretch film web  50  is received by the roller  66 , and in turn by the winding shaft  68  supporting the core  72 , at which the oscillated, folded stretch film web  50  is wound onto the core  72  so as to form the roll of folded stretch film. 
     As will be appreciated, each pleat effectively triples the thickness of the stretch film, and thereby provides a band of reinforcement extending the length of the folded stretch film. As a result, the pleats advantageously increase the tensile strength of the folded stretch film and render the folded stretch film less prone to tearing during use, such as for example during wrapping of palletized loads for shipping, as compared to conventional stretch film. 
     Additionally, and as will be appreciated, the spacing of each pleat from the longitudinal edge of the folded stretch film advantageously allows the reinforcement provided by the pleats to be distributed across a greater portion of the width of the film. 
     Further, and as will appreciated, oscillation of the folded stretch film web prevents direct overlap of the pleats during winding, and thereby allows the shape of the roll of folded stretch film to be controlled. As will be understood, as a result of the oscillation, the roll of folded stretch film has a generally smooth contour, and without large bulges that would otherwise form due to direct overlap of the pleats in absence of oscillation. Additionally, prevention of direct overlap of the pleats during winding advantageously reduces or eliminates additional tension within the film caused by overlapping pleats, which would otherwise cause problems during unwinding of the film. 
     Other configurations of the folding device are possible. For example,  FIGS. 6 and 7  show another embodiment of a folding device, which is generally indicated by reference numeral  130 . Folding device  130  is generally similar to folding device  30  described above and with reference to  FIGS. 2 to 4 , and comprises a form  132 . The form  132  has a plurality of web-facing surfaces  134  over which the moving stretch film web  22  travels. In this embodiment, the form  132  also has four (4) channels, namely two (2) outer channels  136  and two (2) inner channels  142 . Each outer channel  136  extends along a longitudinal side of the form  132  in the direction of travel of the stretch film web  22 . Each outer channel  136  is shaped so as to define a longitudinal folding edge  138  extending along the longitudinal edge of a planar surface  134 . Each inner channel  142  extends intermediate the longitudinal sides of the form  132  and in the direction of travel of the stretch film web  22 . Each inner channel  142  is shaped so as to define a longitudinal folding edge  144  extending along a longitudinal edge of a planar surface  134 . 
     The folding device  30  also comprises four (4) guides, namely two (2) outer guides  146  positioned at the sides of the form  132  and two (2) inner guides  148  positioned intermediate the sides of the form  132 . Each guide  146  and  148  is terminated by a rounded, generally conical tip that is sized to engage a respective channel, and is coupled to an adjustable positioning apparatus (not shown) for enabling the position of the guide relative to the channel to be adjusted as necessary. Each outer guide  146  is configured to cooperate with its respective folding edge  138  to form a pleat within the stretch film web. Specifically, each outer guide  146  is configured to direct a portion of the moving stretch film web  22  into the outer channel  136  and against the folding edge  138 , which in turn causes a portion of the moving stretch film web  22  to fold onto itself downstream from the guide  146  and form a pleat. Similarly, each inner guide  148  is configured to cooperate with a respective folding edge  144  to form a pleat within the stretch film web. Specifically, each inner guide  148  is configured to direct a portion of the moving stretch film web  22  into the inner channel  142  and against the folding edge  144 , so as to cause a portion of the moving stretch film web  22  to fold onto itself downstream from the guide  148  and form a pleat. In this embodiment, the folding device  130  is configured to form a folded stretch film web  150  comprising four (4) pleats  52 , with each pleat  52  comprising two (2) folds separated by a width of about 0.3 inches, as may be seen in  FIG. 8 . The folding device  130  is also configured such that each pleat  52  is spaced from the nearest longitudinal edge of the folded stretch film web  150  by at least a distance corresponding to the width of the pleat. 
       FIGS. 9 to 11  show another embodiment of a folding device, which is generally indicated by reference numeral  230 . Folding device  230  is generally similar to folding device  30  described above and with reference to  FIGS. 2 to 4 , and comprises a form  232  that has a web-facing surface  234  over which the moving stretch film web  22  travels. In this embodiment, the form  232  also has two inclined, longitudinal side surfaces  236  extending the length of the form  232  in the direction of travel of the stretch film web  22 . Each longitudinal side surface  236  defines a longitudinal folding edge  238  extending along the longitudinal edge of the planar surface  234 . 
     The folding device  230  also comprises two (2) guide members  262 , with each guide member  262  positioned adjacent a longitudinal side surface  236  of the form  232 . Each guide member  262  comprises a generally disc-shaped guide  266  mounted to an axle  268 , and is coupled to an adjustable positioning apparatus (not shown) for enabling the position of the guide  266  relative to the form  232  to be adjusted as necessary. In this embodiment, each guide member  262  is configured to rotate freely about its axle  268 , such that each guide  266  is rotatable. 
     Each guide  266  is configured to cooperate with its respective folding edge  238  to form a pleat within the stretch film web  22 . Specifically, each guide  266  is configured to direct a portion of the moving stretch film web  22  toward the longitudinal side surface  236  and against the folding edge  238 , so as to cause a portion of the moving stretch film web  22  to fold onto itself downstream from the guide  266  and form a pleat. In this embodiment, the folding device  230  is configured to form the folded stretch film web  50  comprising two (2) pleats  52 , with each pleat  52  comprising two (2) folds separated by a width of about 0.3 inches, as described above and with reference to  FIG. 5 . The folding device  230  is also configured such that each pleat  52  is spaced from the nearest longitudinal edge of the folded stretch film web  50  by at least a distance corresponding to the width of the pleat. 
     In other embodiments, one or more of the guide members may alternatively be fixed, and not be configured to rotate freely. In one such embodiment, the guide(s) of the fixed guide member(s) may alternatively have a shape other than generally disc-shaped. For example, in one such embodiment, the guide(s) of the fixed guide member(s) may alternatively be shaped as half-disc(s). It will be understood by those of skill in the art that other guide shapes may alternatively be used. 
       FIGS. 12 to 14  show another embodiment of a folding device, which is generally indicated by reference numeral  330 . Folding device  330  comprises a plurality of guide members arranged in a spaced relationship. Specifically, the folding device  330  comprises a pair of first guide members  362  and a pair of second guide members  364 . Each first guide member  362  comprises a generally disc-shaped guide  366  mounted to an axle  368 . Each second guide member  364  is similar to the first guide member  362 , and comprises a generally disc-shaped guide  376  mounted to an axle  378 . Each first guide member  362  is coupled to an adjustable positioning apparatus (not shown) for enabling the position of the guide  366  relative to the guide  376  of the second guide member  364  to be adjusted as necessary. In this embodiment, each guide member  362  and  364  is configured to rotate freely about its axle  368  and  378 , respectively, such that each guide  366  and  376  is rotatable. 
     Each first guide member  362  is configured to cooperate with a respective second guide member  364  to form a pleat within the stretch film web  22 . Specifically, each guide  366  is configured to direct a portion of the moving stretch film web  22  against a folding edge defined by the proximal edge  382  of each guide  376 , so as to cause a portion of the moving stretch film web  22  to fold onto itself downstream of the guides  366  and  376  (not shown) and form a pleat. In this embodiment, the folding device  330  is configured to form the folded stretch film web  50  comprising two (2) pleats  52 , with each pleat  52  comprising two (2) folds separated by a width of about 0.3 inches, as described above and with reference to  FIG. 5 . The folding device  230  is also configured such that each pleat  52  is spaced from the nearest longitudinal edge of the folded stretch film web  50  by at least a distance corresponding to the width of the pleat. 
     In other embodiments, one or more of the first guide members and the second guide members may alternatively be fixed, and not be configured to rotate freely. In such embodiments, the guide(s) of the fixed guide member(s) may alternatively have a shape other than generally disc-shaped. For example, in one such embodiment, the guide(s) of the fixed guide member(s) may alternatively be shaped as half-disc(s). It will be understood by those of skill in the art that other guide shapes may alternatively be used. 
     Although in the embodiments described above, the folding device is configured to form a folded stretch film web comprising either two (2) or four (4) pleats, in other embodiments, the folding device may alternatively be configured to form a folded stretch film web comprising a different number of pleats, such as one (1) pleat, three (3) pleats, or more than four (4) pleats. It will be understood that in such alternative embodiments, the folding device would be suitably configured and have a suitable number of guide(s) to form the corresponding number of pleat(s). 
     Although in the embodiments described above, each pleat comprises two (2) folds separated by a width of about 0.3 inches, in other embodiments, one or more pleats may alternatively comprise two (2) folds separated by a width in the range from about 0.0625 inches to about 4 inches. Still greater widths may be used. 
     Although in embodiments described above, each pleat is spaced from the nearest longitudinal edge of the folded stretch film web by at least a distance corresponding to the width of the pleat, in other embodiments, each pleat may alternatively be spaced from the nearest longitudinal edge of the folded stretch film web by a distance of about 0.0625 inches or more. 
     The folding devices of the embodiments described above may alternatively be used to yield stretch film rolls comprising one or more longitudinal bands of wrinkled or bunched film. For example, during use of the folding device  130  described above and with reference to  FIGS. 6 and 7 , different operating conditions may result in the formation of one or more bands of wrinkled or bunched film instead of pleats. 
     For example, in one embodiment, under different operating conditions, each inner guide  148  of the folding device  130  may be configured to direct a portion of the moving stretch film web  22  into the inner channel  142 , so as to cause a portion of the moving stretch film web  22  to wrinkle or bunch downstream from the guide  148  to form a longitudinal band of wrinkled or bunched stretch film web. In this embodiment, the folding device  130  is configured to form a folded stretch film web  450  comprising two (2) pleats  52 , with each pleat  52  comprising two (2) folds separated by a width of about 0.3 inches, and two (2) longitudinal bands  454  of wrinkled or bunched stretch film web, as may be seen in  FIG. 15 . Each longitudinal band  454  comprises a wrinkled or bunched portion of stretch film web that has increased thickness and that comprises a plurality of longitudinal folds. Each longitudinal band  454  is spaced from the nearest longitudinal edge of the folded stretch film web  450  by at least a distance corresponding to the width of the longitudinal band. In this embodiment, each longitudinal band  454  has a width of about 0.3 inches. 
     The folded stretch film web  450  then travels through the apparatus  20  downstream from the folding device  130 , in generally the same manner as described above for folded stretch film web  50 . For example, the second intermediate roller  64 , which is configured to be oscillated along the oscillation axis that is generally orthogonal to the direction of travel of the folded stretch film web  450 , causes the moving folded stretch film web  450  to also be oscillated. Also, the winding shaft  68 , with the core  72  supported thereon, is configured to receive the oscillated folded stretch film web  450  from the roller  66  for winding the oscillated folded stretch film web  450  onto the core  72 , so as to form a stretch film roll, and namely a roll of folded stretch film. 
     As will be appreciated, each longitudinal band of wrinkled or bunched stretch film increases the thickness of the stretch film, and thereby provides a band of reinforcement extending the length of the folded stretch film. As a result, the longitudinal band(s) of wrinkled or bunched stretch film advantageously increase(s) the tensile strength of the stretch film and render(s) the folded stretch film less prone to tearing during use, such as for example during wrapping of palletized loads for shipping, as compared to conventional stretch film. 
     Additionally, and as will be appreciated, the spacing of each longitudinal band of wrinkled or bunched stretch film from the longitudinal edge of the folded stretch film advantageously allows the reinforcement to be distributed across a greater portion of the width of the film. 
     Although in the embodiment described above, each longitudinal band of wrinkled or bunched stretch film web has a width of about 0.3 inches, in other embodiments, at least one longitudinal band may alternatively have a width in the range from about 0.0625 inches to about 4 inches. Still greater widths may be used. 
     Although in embodiments described above, each longitudinal band of wrinkled or bunched stretch film web is spaced from the nearest longitudinal edge of the folded stretch film web by at least a distance corresponding to the width of the longitudinal band, in other embodiments, at least one longitudinal band may alternatively be spaced from the nearest longitudinal edge of the folded stretch film web by a distance of about 0.0625 inches or more. 
     It will be appreciated that, in other embodiments, and during use of any of the folding devices described above, different operating conditions may result in the formation of one or more bands of wrinkled or bunched film instead of one or more pleats. 
     The apparatus may have other configurations. For example, although in the embodiment described above, the second intermediate roller is configured to be oscillated along an oscillation axis, in other embodiments, one or more of the following may alternatively be configured to each be oscillated along a respective oscillation axis: the folding device; the first intermediate roller; the second intermediate roller; the roller adjacent the winding shaft; and the winding shaft. For example, in one such alternative embodiment, the winding shaft may be configured to be oscillated along an oscillation axis, while the other rollers and components of the apparatus may be configured to not be oscillated. In still other embodiments, the apparatus may alternatively comprise one or more additional guides separate from the folding device that are configured to be oscillated along a respective oscillation axis for oscillating the folded stretch film web. 
     Although in the embodiment described above, the second intermediate roller is oscillated over a fixed distance along the oscillation axis, in other embodiments, the second intermediate roller may alternatively be oscillated over a variable distance along the oscillation axis, such as for example, a periodically variable distance or a random distance. 
     Although in the embodiment described above, the second intermediate roller is oscillated over a fixed distance along the oscillation axis, in other embodiments, the second intermediate roller may alternatively be oscillated over a variable distance along the oscillation axis, such as for example, a periodically variable distance or a random distance. 
     Although in the embodiment described above, the fixed frequency is a frequency in the range from about 0.1 cycles per minute to about 200 cycles per minute, in other embodiments, the fixed frequency may alternatively be a frequency that is greater than 200 cycles per minute. 
     Although in the embodiment described above, the fixed distance is a distance in the range from about 0.1 inches to about 4 inches, in other embodiments, the fixed frequency may alternatively be a distance that is greater than 4 inches. 
     Although in the embodiment described above, the oscillation axis of the second intermediate roller is generally orthogonal to the direction of travel of the folded stretch film web, in other embodiments, the oscillation axis of the cutting station and the cutting blades may alternatively be non-orthogonal to the direction of travel of the folded stretch film web. 
     Although in the embodiment described above, the first intermediate roller and the second intermediate roller are configured as idler rollers, in other embodiments, one or both of the first intermediate roller and the second intermediate roller may alternatively be configured as a driven roller. 
     Although in the embodiment described above, the apparatus comprises a first intermediate roller and a second intermediate roller, in other embodiments, the apparatus may alternatively comprise fewer or more intermediate rollers. In one embodiment, the apparatus may alternatively comprise no intermediate rollers. 
     Although in the embodiment described above, the apparatus comprises a winding shaft supporting a core, in other embodiments, the apparatus may alternatively comprise a coreless winding shaft that does not support a core, onto which the oscillated folded stretch film web is wound so as form a coreless roll of folded stretch film. 
     Although in the embodiment described above, the roller adjacent the winding shaft is configured as an idler roller, in other embodiments, the roller adjacent the winding shaft may alternatively be configured as a driven roller. In one such embodiment, the surface speed of the driven roller may be matched to the surface speed of the wound film on the winding shaft using automated or computer-controlled speed matching. In another such embodiment, there may be no assembly provided for rotatably driving the winding shaft, and the winding shaft may alternatively be driven through contact with the surface of the driven roller. 
     Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the apparatus is not limited to the components described above. For example, in other embodiments, one or more of the first intermediate roller, the second intermediate roller, and the roller adjacent the winding shaft, may alternatively not be provided. 
     Other apparatus configurations are possible. For example, although in the embodiment described above, the apparatus comprises an extruder and a rotating cast roller for forming the stretch film web, in other embodiments, the apparatus may alternatively not comprise an extruder and a cast roller for forming the stretch film web, but may alternatively comprise a supply (e.g. a spool, a roll, etc.) of previously-fabricated stretch film web, and provisions for feeding the stretch film web from the supply either directly or indirectly to the folding device. It will be understood that such a configuration would provide an “off-line” or “secondary” apparatus for fabricating the stretch film roll, and namely the roll of folded stretch film. Those skilled in the art will recognize that such previously-fabricated stretch film webs may otherwise typically be used for other “off-line” or “secondary” processes such as, for example, one or more of: conventional rewinding, slitting, pre-stretching, and edge folding/rolling. 
     For example,  FIG. 16  shows another embodiment of a folded stretch film web formed using another embodiment of an apparatus (not shown), and which is generally indicated by reference numeral  550 . Folded stretch film web  550  is formed using a secondary apparatus (not shown) for fabricating a stretch film roll. In this embodiment, the secondary apparatus comprises a supply (e.g. a spool, a roll, etc.) of previously-fabricated stretch film web, and provisions (not shown) for feeding the stretch film web from the supply (not shown) to the downstream portion of the secondary apparatus. The secondary apparatus also comprises an edge rolling device (not shown) configured to roll the edges of the stretch film web, so as to form edge rolls  586 . Each edge roll  586  comprises a rolled, generally wrinkled or bunched portion of stretch film web extending the length of an edge of the stretch film web. Edge rolling devices configured to form edge rolls have been previously described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,531,393 to Salzsauler et al. 
     The secondary apparatus further comprises a folding device (not shown) positioned downstream from the edge rolling device. The folding device is similar to folding device  130  described above and with reference to  FIGS. 5 to 7 , but comprises a form (not shown) having only two (2) inner channels (not shown). The folding device of this embodiment also comprises two (2) inner guides (not shown), each sized to engage a respective channel. In this embodiment, the folding device is configured to form a folded stretch film web  550  comprising two (2) longitudinal bands  454  of wrinkled or bunched stretch film web, in a similar manner as longitudinal bands  454  described above and with reference to  FIG. 15 . Each longitudinal band  454  comprises a wrinkled or bunched portion of stretch film web that has increased thickness and that comprises a plurality of longitudinal folds. Each longitudinal band  454  is spaced from the nearest longitudinal edge of the folded stretch film web. Further, each longitudinal band  454  is spaced from the nearest edge roll  586  of the folded stretch film web  450  by at least a distance corresponding to the width of the longitudinal band. In this embodiment, each longitudinal band  454  has a width of about 0.3 inches. 
     In this embodiment, the secondary apparatus further comprises one or more oscillating members (not shown) configured to yield an oscillated, folded stretch film web  550 , and a winding shaft (not shown) for winding the oscillated folded stretch film web  550  to form a stretch film roll, and namely a roll of folded stretch film comprising two (2) longitudinal bands  454  of wrinkled or bunched stretch film web and two (2) edge rolls  586 , as shown in  FIG. 16 . 
     Although in the embodiment described above, the edge rolling device is positioned upstream from the folding device, in other embodiments, the edge rolling device may alternatively be positioned downstream from the folding device. 
     Although in the embodiment described above, the secondary apparatus also comprises an edge rolling device configured to roll the edges of the stretch film web, in other embodiments, the secondary apparatus may alternatively comprise an edge folding device configured to fold the edges of the stretch film web. 
     Although in the embodiment described above, each longitudinal band of wrinkled or bunched stretch film web has a width of about 0.3 inches, in other embodiments, at least one longitudinal band may alternatively have a width in the range from about 0.0625 inches to about 4 inches. Still greater widths may be used. 
     Although in embodiments described above, each longitudinal band of wrinkled or bunched stretch film web is spaced from the nearest edge roll of the folded stretch film web by at least a distance corresponding to the width of the longitudinal band, in other embodiments, at least one longitudinal band may alternatively be spaced from the nearest edge roll of the folded stretch film web by a distance of about 0.0625 inches or more. 
     In other embodiments, different operating conditions may result in the formation of one or more pleats instead of one or more of longitudinal bands of wrinkled or bunched stretch film web. 
     It will be appreciated that the stretch film roll, and namely the roll of folded stretch film in accordance with the above-described embodiments, may therefore comprise: one or more pleats and/or one or more longitudinal bands of wrinkled or bunched stretch film web, in any combination, and may optionally comprise edge rolls or edge folds, and may be fabricated using an “offline” or “secondary” apparatus, or using a “non-offline” or “non-secondary” apparatus. 
     Although embodiments have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, those of skill in the art will appreciate that variations and modifications may be made without departing from the scope thereof as defined by the appended claims.