Patent Publication Number: US-8988331-B2

Title: Optical recording display device, driving method of the optical recording display device, electro-optical device and electronic apparatus

Description:
CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     The present invention contains subject matter related to Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-153818 filed in the Japanese Patent Office on Jun. 29, 2009 and Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-259846 filed in the Japanese Patent Office on Nov. 13, 2009, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
     BACKGROUND 
     1. Technical Field 
     The present invention relates to an optical recording display device, a driving method of the optical recording display device, an electro-optical device and an electronic apparatus. 
     2. Related Art 
     In the related art, there is known an optical recording display device which employs a modulation medium having a memory property (cholesteric liquid crystals or electrophoretic dispersion liquids). For example, in JP-A-2007-171260 is disclosed an optical recording display device in which a multilayer electrode structure in which a connection electrode, a driving electrode and a release electrode are stacked is formed through a voltage dividing control layer which is disposed between a variable resistance layer having a resistance value which is varied according to light illumination and a display medium layer which performs image display. 
     In the optical recording display device as disclosed in JP-A-2007-171260, it is possible to entirely erase (reset) images displayed in a display region without light illumination. However, on the other hand, the configuration becomes complicated in order to form the electrodes of the multilayer structure for every pixel. 
     SUMMARY 
     An advantage of some aspects of the invention is that it provides an optical recording display device, a driving method thereof and an electro-optical device which is capable of easily performing a reset operation with a relatively simplified structure. 
     According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided an optical recording display device having a display section, the display section including: a pixel electrode which is formed for every pixel, and a transistor which is connected to the pixel electrode; a common electrode which is opposite to the plurality of pixel electrodes, and an electro-optical material layer having a memory property which is disposed between the plurality of pixel electrodes and the common electrode; a plurality of scanning lines which is respectively connected to a gate of the transistor and is connected to each other in a direct manner or through an electric circuit; and a plurality of data lines which is respectively connected to a source of the transistor and is connected to each other in a direct manner or through an electric circuit. 
     With such a configuration, since the transistor is employed as a pixel switching element, the optical recording display device can be achieved with a simplified structure. As a scanning signal for enabling the transistor to be in a turned on state is input to the scanning lines which are connected to each other, and an image signal for enabling the electro-optical material layer to be in a predetermined display state is input to the data lines which are connected to each other, the entire display section can be easily and rapidly transited to the same display state. Thus, according to this aspect of the invention, it is possible to provide the optical recording display device which can easily perform a reset operation with a relatively simplified structure. 
     In this respect, the optical recording display device may include the plurality of display sections. 
     With such a configuration, the optical recording display device can display images with a variety of formats. For example, it is possible to realize an optical recording display device in which a desired image can be displayed using at least one display section and a handwriting input or the like can be performed using at least one display section. 
     The optical recording display device may include a first region and a second region which are sectioned in a planar surface, and the plurality of pixels which belongs to a first display section of the display section may be arranged in the first region and the plurality of pixels which belongs to a second display section of the display section which is different from the first display section may be arranged in the second region. 
     With such a configuration, it is possible to use a part of the display sections (first display section) as an image display region and to form a region in which a handwriting input or the like can be performed in another part of the display sections (second display section). 
     In this respect, the pixels which belong to a first display section among the plurality of display sections and the pixels which belong to a second display section which is different from the first display section may be alternately arranged along an extension direction of the scanning lines or the data lines. 
     With such a configuration, the optical recording display device has the display section in which the pixels which belong to the first display section and the pixels which belong to the second display section are mixed with each other. Accordingly, for example, it is possible to display a desired image through the pixels which belong to the first display section and to realize an overwriting function by means of a handwriting input or the like through the pixels which belong to the second display section. 
     The optical recording display device may further include a controller configured to perform a first operation for inputting a first gate electric potential at which the transistor is in a turned on state to the scanning lines and for inputting a first data electric potential to the data lines and a second operation for inputting a second data electric potential to the data lines which belong to the display section. In this respect, the second data electric potential may be lower than an electric potential of the common electrode in a case where the first data electric potential is higher than the electric potential of the common electrode, and may be higher than the electric potential of the common electrode in a case where the first data electric potential is lower than the electric potential of the common electrode. 
     Specifically, an image displayed on the display section is erased according to the first operation, and the display section is maintained in a recordable state according to the second operation. With such a configuration, it is possible to easily perform the reset operation of the display section according to the first operation. Also, in the second operation, it is possible to maintain the display section in the recordable state only by inputting the second data electric potential having the polarity different from the first operation (in which the positive or negative of the electric potential difference with respect to the common electrode is reversed). 
     The optical recording display device with such a configuration is specified so that the first gate electric potential is input to the scanning lines to enable the transistor to be in the turned on state and the first data electric potential is input to the data lines in a period of time when the image of the display section is erased, and that the second data electric potential, which is lower than the electric potential of the common electrode in the case where the first data electric potential is higher than the electric potential of the common electrode and is higher than the electric potential of the common electrode in the case where the first data electric potential is lower than the electric potential of the common electrode, is input to the data lines in a period of time when the display section is maintained in the recordable state. 
     The controller may perform a third operation for inputting a third data electric potential which is approximately the same as the electric potential of the common electrode to the data lines which belong to the display section, after the first operation or the second operation. Specifically, the display section is maintained in a rewriting protection state according to the third operation. 
     With such a configuration, it is possible to prevent unintended recording due to the incidence of outside light or the like after an image is displayed on the display section in the second operation, and to stably maintain a display state of the image. 
     The optical recording display device with such a configuration is specified so that the third data electric potential which is approximately the same as the electric potential of the common electrode is input to the data lines in a period of time when the display section is maintained in the rewriting protection state. 
     According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a driving method of an optical recording display device having a display section in which a plurality of pixels is arranged, the display section including: a pixel electrode which is formed for every pixel, and a transistor which is connected to the pixel electrode; a common electrode which is opposite to the plurality of pixel electrodes, and an electro-optical material layer having a memory property which is disposed between the plurality of pixel electrodes and the common electrode; a plurality of scanning lines which is respectively connected to a gate of the transistor and is connected to each other in a direct manner or through an electric circuit; and a plurality of data lines which is respectively connected to a source of the transistor and is connected to each other in a direct manner or through an electric circuit, the method including: image erasing in which a first gate electric potential at which the transistor is in a turned on state is input to the scanning lines which belong to the display section and a first data electric potential is input to the data lines; and image recording in which a second data electric potential which is lower than an electric potential of the common electrode in a case where the first data electric potential is higher than the electric potential of the common electrode, and is higher than the electric potential of the common electrode in a case where the first data electric potential is lower than the electric potential of the common electrode, is input to the data lines which belong to the display section. 
     With such a driving method, it is possible to easily perform the reset operation of the display section in the step of image erasing. In the step of image recording, the display section can be maintained in the image recordable state with such a simple operation that the second data electric potential, in which the positive or negative of the electric potential difference with respect to the common electrode is reverse compared with the first data electric potential, is input to the data lines. 
     In this respect, the driving method may further include image maintaining in which a third data electric potential which is approximately the same as the electric potential of the common electrode is input to the data lines which belong to the display section. 
     With such a driving method, it is possible to prevent unintended recording due to the incidence of outside light or the like after an image is displayed on the display section, and to stably maintain a display state of the image. 
     In the driving method, the optical recording display device may include a first display section and a second display section as the display section, and the second data electric potential may be input to the data lines which belong to the second display section, and a third data electric potential which is approximately the same as the electric potential of the common electrode may be input to the data lines which belong to the first display section, in the step of image recording. 
     With such a driving method, in the case where the optical recording display device includes the first display section and the second display section, it is possible to maintain the second display section in the recordable state and to maintain the first display section in the recording restriction state. Accordingly, it is possible to form a region in which a displayed image is retained and a region in which a handwriting input or the like can be performed. 
     According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic apparatus including the optical recording display device as described above. 
     With this configuration, the electronic apparatus can be provided with a display means including the optical recording display device which is improved in functionality and manufacturability. 
     According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electro-optical device including an electro-optical material layer having a memory property between a pair of substrates, wherein a first display section which is capable of rewriting an image display by means of an image signal input and a second display section which is capable of rewriting an image display by means of a light input are formed on the same substrates. 
     With such a configuration, since the transistor is employed as the pixel switching element, the electro-optical device can be achieved with a simplified structure. In such an electro-optical device, as a scanning signal for enabling the transistor to be in the turned on state to each scanning line, and an image signal for enabling the electro-optical material layer to be in a predetermined display state is input to each data line, the entire first display section can be easily and rapidly transited to the predetermined display state. 
     In addition, since the first display section which is capable of electronically rewriting the image display by means of the image signal input and the second display section which is capable of rewriting the image display by means of the light input are formed on the same substrates, it is possible to display images with a variety of formats. 
     For example, it is possible to perform the image display on the second display section by means of the optical recording (by means of the handwriting input), while displaying a predetermined image on the first display section. Accordingly, in such an electro-optical device, the images can be conveniently displayed with a relatively simple configuration, and the handwriting input can be also performed. 
     In such an electro-optical device, a plurality of first pixels may be arranged in the first display section, in each of the first pixels may be formed a pixel electrode and a transistor having a drain which is connected to the pixel electrode, the plurality of first pixels may be divided into a plurality of first sets, in each first set may be formed a plurality of scanning lines which is respectively connected to a gate of the transistor, is connected to each other, and is connected to a scanning line driving circuit, the plurality of first pixels may be divided into a plurality of second sets, in each second set may be formed a plurality of data lines which is respectively connected to a source of the transistor, is connected to each other, and is connected to a data line driving circuit, a plurality of second pixels may be arranged in the second display section, in each of the second pixels may be formed a pixel electrode and a transistor having a drain which is connected to the pixel electrode, and in each of the second pixels may be further formed scanning lines which are respectively connected to a gate of the transistor and are connected to each other and data lines which are respectively connected to a source of the transistor and are connected to each other. 
     With such a configuration, since the transistor is employed as the pixel switching element, the electro-optical device can be achieved with a simplified structure. In such an electro-optical device, the transistors which belong to the first display section are individually driven through the scanning line driving circuit and the data line driving circuit, and thus, it is possible to easily and rapidly display a predetermined image on the first display section. 
     In such an electro-optical device, predetermined electric potentials are input to the scanning lines which are connected to each other and the data lines which are connected to each other, which belong to the second display section, and thus, the entire second display section can be easily and rapidly transited to the same display state, and the handwriting input can be performed. 
     Accordingly, the electronic image display can be performed in the first display section, and the display by means of the handwriting input can be realized in the second display section. 
     Further, in such an electro-optical device, a plurality of first pixels may be arranged in the first display section, in each of the first pixels may be formed a pixel electrode and a transistor having a drain which is connected to the pixel electrode, the plurality of first pixels may be divided into a plurality of first sets, in each first set may be formed a plurality of scanning lines which is respectively connected to a gate of the transistor, is connected to each other, and is connected to a scanning line driving circuit, the plurality of first pixels may be divided into a plurality of second sets, in each second set may be formed a plurality of data lines which is respectively connected to a source of the transistor, is connected to each other, and is connected to a data line driving circuit, a plurality of second pixels may be arranged in the second display section, in each of the second pixels may be formed a pixel electrode and a transistor having a drain which is connected to the pixel electrode, the plurality of second pixels may be divided into a plurality of third sets, in each third set may be formed a plurality of scanning lines which is respectively connected to a gate of the transistor, is connected to each other, and is connected to a scanning line driving circuit, the plurality of second pixels may be divided into a plurality of fourth sets, and in each fourth set may be formed a plurality of data lines which is respectively connected to a source of the transistor, is connected to each other, and is connected to a data line driving circuit. 
     With this configuration, since the transistor is employed as the pixel switching element, the electro-optical device can be achieved with a simplified structure. In such an electro-optical device, an electronic display can be realized in the first display section, and a display by means of the handwriting input or an electronic display can be realized in the second display section. 
     In the first display section, as predetermined electric potentials are input to the scanning lines and the data lines which belong to the first display section through the scanning line driving circuit and the data line driving circuit which are respectively connected to the scanning lines and the data lines, the transistors which belong to the first display section can be individually driven, thereby making it possible to easily and rapidly display predetermined images on the first display section. 
     In the second display section, as predetermined electric potentials are input to the scanning lines and the data lines which belong to the second display section through the scanning line driving circuit and the data line driving circuit which are connected to the scanning lines and the data lines, the transistors which belong to the second display section can be individually driven, thereby making it possible to perform the electronic image display in the second display section as in the first display section. Of course, the entire second display section can be transited to the same display state by means of the scanning line driving circuit and the data line driving circuit, and thus, the handwriting input can be performed in the second display section. 
     In this way, since the plurality of transistors which belongs to the second display section can be individually driven, the electronic image display can be also performed in the second display section in which the handwriting can be performed, as demanded. 
     In such an electro-optical device, a plurality of first pixels may be arranged in the first display section, in each of the first pixels may be formed a pixel electrode and a transistor having a drain which is connected to the pixel electrode, the plurality of first pixels may be divided into a plurality of first sets, in each first set may be formed a plurality of scanning lines which is respectively connected to a gate of the transistor, is connected to each other, and is connected to a scanning line driving circuit, the plurality of first pixels may be divided into a plurality of second sets, in each second set may be formed a plurality of data lines which is respectively connected to a source of the transistor, is connected to each other, and is connected to a data line driving circuit, a plurality of second pixels may be arranged in the second display section, and in each of the second pixels may be formed a pixel electrode, a diode which is connected to the pixel electrode through a first terminal thereof, and signal lines which are respectively connected to a second terminal of the diode and are connected to each other. 
     With such a configuration, since the diode is employed as the pixel switching element, the electro-optical device can be achieved with a simplified structure. In such an electro-optical device, since a predetermined electric potential is input to the signal lines which are directly connected to each other, the entire second display section can be easily and rapidly transited to the same display state. Accordingly, the handwriting input can be performed in the second display section. 
     The electro-optical device may include a first region and a second region which are sectioned in a planar surface, the plurality of first pixels which belongs to the first display section may be arranged in the first region, and the plurality of second pixels which belongs to the second display section may be arranged in the second region. 
     With this configuration, it is possible to use the first region (first display section) as an image display region and to use the second region (second display section) as a region in which the handwriting input or the like can be performed. 
     In such an electro-optical device, the first pixels and the second pixels may be alternately arranged along an extension direction of the scanning lines or the data lines. 
     With this configuration, since the pixels which belong to the first display section and the pixels which belong to the second display section are mixed with each other in the display section, for example, it is possible to display a desired image by means of the pixels which belong to the first display section and to realize an overwriting function through the handwriting input or the like by means of the pixels which belong to the second display section. 
     According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic apparatus including the electro-optical device as described above. 
     With such a configuration, the electronic apparatus can be provided with a display means including the electro-optical device which is improved in functionality and manufacturability. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like numbers reference like elements. 
         FIG. 1  is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of an electrophoretic display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 2A  is a plan view illustrating an electrophoretic display device according to the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 2B  is a sectional view illustrating an electrophoretic display device according to the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 2C  is a sectional view illustrating a microcapsule which is provided in an electrophoretic display device according to the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 3A  is a plan view illustrating an element substrate in a single pixel. 
         FIG. 3B  is a sectional view illustrating an element substrate in a single pixel. 
         FIG. 4A  is a diagram illustrating a white display operation of an electrophoretic display device. 
         FIG. 4B  is a diagram illustrating a black display operation of an electrophoretic display device. 
         FIG. 5  is a flowchart illustrating a driving method according to the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 6  is a timing chart illustrating a driving method according to the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 7A  is a diagram illustrating two pixels which are a description target of a driving method according to the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 7B  is a diagram illustrating two pixels which are a description target of a driving method according to the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 7C  is a diagram illustrating two pixels which are a description target of a driving method according to the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 8A  is a diagram illustrating two pixels which are a description target of a driving method according to the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 8B  is a diagram illustrating two pixels which are a description target of a driving method according to the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 9  is a diagram illustrating an image recording device in a driving method according to the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 10A  is a plan view illustrating an electrophoretic display device according to a first modified example. 
         FIG. 10B  is a diagram illustrating a manipulation of an electrophoretic display device according to the first example. 
         FIG. 11  is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of an electrophoretic display apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 12A  is a plan view illustrating an electrophoretic display device according to the second embodiment. 
         FIG. 12B  is a diagram illustrating an operation of an electrophoretic display device according to the second embodiment. 
         FIG. 13  is a flowchart illustrating a driving method according to the second embodiment. 
         FIG. 14  is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of an electrophoretic display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 15A  is a plan view illustrating an electrophoretic display device according to the third embodiment. 
         FIG. 15B  is a diagram illustrating an operation of an electrophoretic display device according to the third embodiment. 
         FIG. 16  is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of an electrophoretic display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 17A  is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a pixel which belongs to a first display section according to the fourth embodiment. 
         FIG. 17B  is a diagram illustrating a configuration of each pixel which belongs to a second display section according to the fourth embodiment. 
         FIG. 18A  is a plan view illustrating an electrophoretic display device according to the fourth embodiment. 
         FIG. 18B  is a sectional view illustrating an electrophoretic display device according to the fourth embodiment. 
         FIG. 18C  is a sectional view illustrating a microcapsule which is provided in an electrophoretic display device according to the fourth embodiment. 
         FIG. 19A  is a plan view illustrating an element substrate in a single pixel. 
         FIG. 19B  is a sectional view of an element substrate in a single pixel. 
         FIG. 20  is a flowchart illustrating a driving method according to the fourth embodiment. 
         FIG. 21  is a timing chart illustrating a driving method (optical recording) according to the fourth embodiment. 
         FIG. 22A  is a diagram illustrating two pixels which are a description target of a driving method (optical recording) of the fourth embodiment. 
         FIG. 22B  is a diagram illustrating two pixels which are a description target of a driving method (optical recording) of the fourth embodiment. 
         FIG. 22C  is a diagram illustrating two pixels which are a description target of a driving method (optical recording) of the fourth embodiment. 
         FIG. 23A  is a diagram illustrating two pixels which are a description target of a driving method (optical recording) of the fourth embodiment. 
         FIG. 23B  is a diagram illustrating two pixels which are a description target of a driving method (optical recording) of the fourth embodiment. 
         FIG. 24A  is a plan view illustrating an electrophoretic display device according to the fourth embodiment. 
         FIG. 24B  is a diagram illustrating an operation of an electrophoretic display device according to the fourth embodiment. 
         FIG. 25  is a diagram illustrating a modified example of a pixel circuit. 
         FIG. 26  is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of an electrophoretic display device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 27A  is a plan view illustrating an electrophoretic display device of the fifth embodiment. 
         FIG. 27B  is a diagram illustrating an operation of an electrophoretic display device of the fifth embodiment. 
         FIG. 28  is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of an electrophoretic display device of a sixth embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 29  is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of an electrophoretic display device of a seventh embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 30  is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of a second display section according to the seventh embodiment. 
         FIG. 31  is a diagram illustrating another circuit configuration of a second display section. 
         FIG. 32  is a diagram illustrating an example of an electronic apparatus. 
         FIG. 33  is a diagram illustrating an example of an electronic apparatus. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS 
     Hereinafter, an optical recording display device according to embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
     The scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments which will be described later, and may be modified variously within the technical scope thereof. In the following figures, for clarity of description, the reduction scale, number, etc. of respective configurations may be different from real configurations. 
     First Embodiment 
       FIG. 1  is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of an electrophoretic display device of an optical recording display device according to a first embodiment. 
     The electrophoretic display device  100  is provided with a display section  5  in which a plurality of pixels  40  is arranged in a matrix shape. In the display section  5 , m items of scanning lines  66  (Y 1 , Y 2 , . . . , Yi, . . . , Ym) and n items of data lines  68  (X 1 , X 2 , . . . , Xj, . . . , Xn) are extended in a direction where they intersect with each other. The pixel  40  is provided to correspond to an intersection of the scanning line  66  and the data line  68 . 
     Around the display section  5  are formed a connection wiring  66   a  which connects end parts of the plurality of scanning lines  66  which extend from the display section  5 , a connection wiring  68   a  which connects end parts of the plurality of data lines  68  which extend from the display section  5 , and connection terminals  6 ,  7  and  8 . 
     The connection terminal  6  is connected to all the scanning lines  66  of the display section  5  through the connection wiring  66   a . The connection terminal  8  is connected to all the scanning lines  68  of the display section  5  through the connection wiring  68   a . The connection terminal  7  is connected to a common electrode  37  which is formed as a common electrode in the plurality of pixels  40 . 
     A selection transistor  41 , a pixel electrode  35 , an electrophoretic element  32  (electro-optical material layer), and the common electrode  37  are provided in each pixel  40  of the display section  5 . 
     The selection transistor  41  is a pixel switching element which is formed of, for example, an NMOS (Negative Metal Oxide Semiconductor)-TFT (Thin Film Transistor). A gate of the selection transistor  41  is connected to the scanning line  66 , a source thereof is connected to the data line  68 , and a drain thereof is connected to the pixel electrode  35 . 
     Next,  FIG. 2A  illustrates a plan view of the electrophoretic display device  100 , and  FIG. 2B  illustrates a partial sectional view of the electrophoretic display device  100  in the display section  5 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2A , the display section  5  is formed in a region in which an element substrate  30  and an opposite substrate  31  are overlapped with each other from a planar view. The connection wiring  66   a  and the connection wiring  68   a  are formed on a region on the element substrate  30  which extends outside the opposite substrate  31 . The connection wiring  66   a  is connected to the scanning lines  66  which extend outside from the display section  5 . The connection wiring  68   a  is connected to the data line  68  which are extended outside from the display section  5 . The connection wirings  66   a  and  68   a  are connected to the connection terminals  6  and  8  which are formed in one corner of the element substrate  30 , respectively. The connection terminal  7  which is formed between the connection terminals  6  and  8  is connected to the connection wiring  67  formed on the element substrate  30 . The connection wiring  67  is connected to the common electrode  37  through an inter-substrate connection section  9  which electrically connects the element substrate  30  and the opposite substrate  31 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2B , the electrophoretic display device  100  has a configuration in which the electrophoretic element  32  is disposed between the element substrate (first substrate)  30  and the opposite substrate (second substrate)  31 . The electrophoretic element  32  has a configuration in which a plurality of microcapsules  20  is arranged therein. 
     In the display section  5 , a circuit layer  34  in which the scanning lines  66 , the data lines  68 , the selection transistors  41  or the like are formed is provided on the side of the element substrate  30  facing the electrophoretic element  32 . The plurality of pixel electrodes  35  is arranged on the circuit layer  34 . 
     The element substrate  30  is a substrate which is formed of glass, plastic or the like. The element substrate  30  may not be necessarily transparent since the element substrate  30  is arranged on a side opposite to an image display surface. The element electrode  35  is an electrode which applies voltage to the electrophoretic element  32 . The pixel electrode  35  is formed by sequentially stacking a nickel plate and a gold plate on a Cu (copper) foil, or is formed by Al (aluminum), ITO (indium tin oxide) or the like. 
       FIG. 3A  is a plan view illustrating the element substrate  30  in the single pixel  40 ; and  FIG. 3B  is a sectional view in a position taken along line IIIB-IIIB in  FIG. 3A . 
     As shown in  FIG. 3A , the selection transistor  41  includes a semiconductor layer  41   a  which is an approximately rectangular shape from a planar view, a source electrode  41   c  which extends from the data line  68 , a drain electrode  41   d  which connects the semiconductor layer  41   a  and the pixel electrode  35 , and a gate electrode  41   e  which extends from the scanning line  66 . 
     Referring to a sectional configuration in  FIG. 3B , the gate electrode  41   e  (scanning line  66 ) which is formed of Al or Al alloy is formed on the element substrate  30 . A gate insulating film  41   b  which is formed of silicon oxide or silicon nitride is formed to cover the gate electrode  41   e . The semiconductor layer  41   a , which is formed of amorphous silicon or polysilicon, is formed in a region opposite to the gate electrode  41   e  through the gate insulating film  41   b . The source electrode  41   c  and the drain electrode  41   d  which are formed of Al or Al alloy are formed to partially run on the semiconductor layer  41   a . The inter-layer insulating film  34   a  which is formed of silicon oxide or silicon nitride is formed so as to cover the source electrode  41   c  (data line  68 ), the drain electrode  41   d , the semiconductor layer  41   a , and the gate insulating film  41   b . The pixel electrode  35  is formed on the inter-layer insulating film  34   a . The pixel electrode  35  and the drain electrode  41   d  are connected with each other through a contact hole  34   b  which is formed through the inter-layer insulating film  34   a  and reaches the drain electrode  41   d.    
     Returning to  FIG. 2B , the common electrode  37  having a planar shape which is opposite to the plurality of pixel electrodes  35  is formed on the side of the opposite substrate  31  facing the electrophoretic element  32 . The electrophoretic element  32  is provided on the common electrode  37 . 
     The opposite substrate  31  is a substrate which is formed of glass, plastic or the like. The opposite substrate  31  is arranged on the side of the image display, and thus is a transparent substrate. The common electrode  37  is an electrode which is configured to apply voltage to the electrophoretic element  32  in corporation with the pixel electrode  35 . The common electrode  37  is a transparent electrode which is formed of MgAg (magnesium Ag), ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide) or the like. 
     The electrophoretic element  32  and the pixel electrode  35  are adhered to each other through an adhesive layer  33 , and thus, the element substrate  30  and the opposite substrate  31  are adhered to each other. 
     The electrophoretic element  32  is formed on the side of the opposite substrate  31  in advance, and is generally treated as an electrophoretic sheet including the adhesive layer  33 . In a manufacturing process thereof, the electrophoretic sheet is treated as in a state where a protection release sheet is attached to a surface of the adhesive layer  33 . By attaching the corresponding electrophoretic sheet in which the release sheet is detached to the element substrate  30  (in which the pixel electrode  35  or a variety of circuits are formed) which is separately manufactured, the display section  5  is formed. Accordingly, the adhesive layer  33  is present only on the side of the pixel electrode  35 . 
       FIG. 2C  is a sectional view schematically illustrating the microcapsule  20 . The microcapsule  20  has a particle diameter of, for example, about 50 μm. The microcapsule  20  is a round body in which a dispersing medium  21 , a plurality of white color particles (electrophoretic particles)  27 , and a plurality of black color particles (electrophoretic particles)  26  are enclosed therein. The microcapsule  20  is disposed between the common electrode  37  and the pixel electrode  35  as shown in  FIG. 2B , and the single or plural microcapsules  20  are arranged inside the single pixel  40 . The single microcapsule  20  may be configured to be arranged over the plurality of pixels  40 . 
     An outer part (wall film) of the microcapsule  20  is formed by means of acryl resin such as poly methyl methacrylate, poly ethyl methacrylate or the like, urea resin, polymer resin having a translucency such as Arabia gum, or the like. 
     The dispersing medium  21  is a liquid which disperses the white color particle  27  and the black color particle  26  in the microcapsule  20 . The dispersing medium  21  may include, for example, water, alcohols solvent (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, octanol, methyl cellosolve or the like), ester (ethyl acetate, butyl acetate or the like), ketone (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone or the like), aliphatic hydrocarbon (pentane, hexane, octane or the like), alicyclic hydrocarbon (cyclohexane, methyl cyclohexane or the like), aromatic hydrocarbon (benzene, toluene, benzene having a long-chain alkyl group (xylene, hexylbenzene, hebutylbenzene, octylbenzene, nonylbenzene, decylbenzene, undecylbenzene, dodecylbenzene, tridecylbenzene, tetradecylbenzene or the like)), halogenated hydrocarbon (methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane or the like), carboxylate or the like. The dispersing medium  21  may be oil other than the above examples. The materials may be independently used or may be used as a mixture thereof. The dispersing medium  21  may be also blended with a surfactant. 
     The white color particle  27  is a particle made of a white color pigment (high molecule or colloid) such as titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, antimony trioxide or the like. For example, the white color particle  27  is negatively charged. The black color particle  26  is a particle made of a black color pigment (high molecule or colloid) such as aniline black, carbon black or the like. For example, the black color particle  26  is positively charged. 
     A charge-controlling agent which is formed of a particle such as electrolyte, surfactant, metallic soap, resin, rubber, oil, varnish, compound or the like; a dispersing agent such as a titanium series coupling agent, an aluminum series coupling agent, a silane series coupling agent; a lubricant agent; a stabilizing agent; or the like can be added to the pigment, as necessary. 
     Further, instead of the black color particle  26  and the white color particle  27 , for example, a pigment such as red color, green color, blue color or the like may be used. According to such a configuration, the red color, green color, blue color or the like can be displayed in the display section  5 . 
       FIG. 4  is a diagram illustrating an operation of the electrophoretic element.  FIG. 4A  is a diagram illustrating a case where the pixel  40  is white-displayed; and  FIG. 4B  is a diagram illustrating a case where the pixel  40  is black-displayed. 
     In the case of the white display as shown in  FIG. 4A , the common electrode  37  is maintained at a relatively high electric potential, and the pixel electrode  35  is maintained at a relatively low electric potential. Thus, the white color particle  27  which is negatively charged is gravitated to the common electrode  37 . On the other hand, the black color particle  26  which is positively charged is gravitated to the pixel electrode  35 . As a result, when the pixel is viewed from the side of the common electrode  37  which is the display surface side, the white color (W) is recognized. 
     In the case of the black display as shown in  FIG. 4B , the common electrode  37  is maintained at a relatively low electric potential, and the pixel electrode  35  is maintained at a relatively high electric potential. Thus, the black color particle  26  which is positively charged is gravitated to the common electrode  37 . On the other hand, the white color particle  27  which is negatively charged is gravitated to the pixel electrode  35 . As a result, when the pixel is viewed from the side of the common electrode  37 , the black color (B) is recognized. 
       FIGS. 4A and 4B  are diagrams illustrating a case where the black particles are positively charged and the white particles are negatively charged, and the black particles may be negatively charged and the white particles may be positively charged as necessary. In this case, if the electric potentials are supplied in a similar way to the above case, a display in which the white display and the black display are reversed is obtained. 
     Driving Method 
     Next, a driving method of the electrophoretic display device according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to  FIGS. 5 to 9 . 
       FIG. 5  is a flowchart illustrating a series of operations at the time when an image is displayed in the electrophoretic display device  100 .  FIG. 6  is a timing chart corresponding to  FIG. 5 .  FIGS. 7A to 7C  and  FIGS. 8A and 8B  are diagrams illustrating electric potential states of two pixels in each step of the driving method according to the present embodiment.  FIG. 9  is a diagram illustrating an image recording device which is used for realizing the driving method according to the present embodiment. 
       FIG. 5  illustrates a procedure in a case where an image  40 A is black-displayed and an image  40 B is white-displayed, as shown in  FIGS. 7A to 7C , and  FIGS. 8A and 8B .  FIG. 6B  illustrates an electric potential Vg of a scanning line  66  which is input through the connection terminal  6 , an electric potential Vs of the data line  68  which is input through the connection terminal  8 , an electric potential Vcom of the common electrode  37  which is input through the connection terminal  7 , an electric potential Va of the pixel electrode  35 A which belongs to the pixel  40 A, and an electric potential Vb of the pixel electrode  35 B which belongs to the pixel  40 B. 
     In  FIGS. 7A to 7C  and  FIGS. 8A and 8B , subscripts “A” and “B” of reference numerals ( 40 A,  40 B and the like) indicating configuration elements in the figure are used to clearly distinguish the two pixels  40 A and  40 B (pixels  40 ) which are description targets and components which belong to the two pixels  40 A and  40 B. 
     An image recording device  200  as shown in  FIG. 9  includes a light source device  210 , and a controller  220  (control section), and an image mask  230 . A plurality of connection terminals  221  which is respectively connected to the connection terminals  6  to  8  which are installed in the electrophoretic display device  100  is installed in the controller  220 . Predetermined electric potentials can be supplied to the connection terminals  6  to  8  through the connection terminals  221 . The controller  220  controls driving of the light source device  210 , and enables light LT emitted from the light source device  210  to illuminate the image mask  230 , and then enables the light LT passed through an opening section  230   a  of the image mask  230  to illuminate the display section  5  of the electrophoretic device  100 . 
     The image mask  230  may be obtained by forming the opening section  230   a  corresponding to an image on a base material of a light blocking property. The image mask  230  may be a device capable of electrically controlling transmission/blocking of light such as a liquid crystal device. A pattern of the light LT which is formed by the image mask  230  may to be reduced or enlarged in order to illuminate the electrophoretic display device  100 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 5 , the driving method according to the present embodiment includes an image erasure step S 101  (first operation), an image recording step S 102  (second operation), and an image maintenance step S 103 . 
     Firstly, in the display section  5  before the image erasure step S 101 , as shown in  FIG. 7A , the pixel  40 A is black-displayed, and the pixel  40 B is white-displayed. Further, since a connection terminal of an external apparatus is not connected to the connection terminals  6  to  8 , the pixel electrodes  35 A,  35 B and the common electrode  37  are in a high impedance (Hi-Z) state in which they are all electrically disconnected. 
     Next, when performing the image erasure step S 101  and the image recording step S 102 , the electrophoretic display device  100  is set to the image recording device  200 , as shown in  FIG. 9 . Specifically, the display section  5  of the electrophoretic display device  100  is arranged opposite to the image mask  230 . The connection terminals  221  of the image recording device  200  corresponding to the connection terminals  6  to  8  are connected to the connection terminals  6  to  8  of the element substrate  30 , respectively. 
     If the procedure goes to the image erasure step S 101 , an electric potential of a high level (for example, 12V) at which the selection transistor  41  is a turned on state is input to the scanning lines  66  (electric potential Vg) from the controller  220  of the image recording device  200  through the connection terminal  6 . An electric potential VL of a low level (for example, −10V; a first data electric potential) is input to the data lines  68  (electric potential Vs) through the connection terminal  8 . A ground electric potential GND (0V) is input to the common electric potential  37  (electric potential Vcom) through the connection terminal  7 . 
     In the image erasure step S 101 , the light source device  210  is in a turned off state, and thus, the light LT does not illuminate the electrophoretic display device  100 . 
     Then, as shown in  FIG. 7B , selection transistors  41 A and  41 B are in a turned on state, by means of scanning signals of a high level input to the scanning lines  66 , and the low level electric potential VL of the data lines  68  is input to the pixel electrodes  35 A and  35 B. The electrophoretic element  32  is driven by the electric potential difference of the pixel electrodes  35 A and  35 B which are the low level electric potentials VL and the common electrode  37  which is the ground electric potential GND, and both the pixels  40 A and  40 B are white-displayed (see  FIG. 4A ). 
     In the electrophoretic display device  100  according to the present embodiment, since all the scanning lines  66  of the display section  5  are connected to each other through the connection wiring  66   a  and all the data lines  68  are connected to each other through the connection wiring  68   a , with such an operation, all the pixels  40  of the display section  5  are white-displayed, and the entire surface of the display section  5  is erased. 
     In the image erasure step S 101 , since all the pixels  40  of the display section  5  only have to be transited to a single grayscale, a specific driving method can be changed in a range in which such an object can be achieved. For example, in the above description, the electric potential Vcom of the common electrode  37  is defined as the ground electric potential GND (0V), but may be defined as the high level electric potential VH (for example, 10V). 
     Next, if the procedure goes to the image recording step S 102 , an electric potential of a low level (for example, −12V) is input to the scanning lines  66  (electric potential Vg) from the controller  220  through the connection terminal  6 . The high level electric potential VH (for example, 10V; a second data electric potential) is input to the data lines (electric potential Vs) through the connection terminal  8 . The ground electric potential GND (0V) is input to the common electric potential  37  (electric potential Vcom) through the connection terminal  7 . 
     In the state shown in  FIG. 7C , the scanning lines  66  are in the low level, and the selection transistors  41 A and  41 B are in the turned off state. Since the electric potential relationship between the pixel electrodes  35 A and  35 B of the high impedance state and the common electrode  37  is the same as in the image erasure step S 101 , a display state of the display section  5  is not changed. 
     If the electrophoretic display device  100  is maintained in the above described voltage application state, the light source device  210  is in the turn on state by means of the controller  220 , and the light LT emitted from the light source device  210  illuminates the electrophoretic device  100  through the image mask  230 . In an example shown in  FIG. 8A , the light LT emitted from the image recording device  200  illuminates the pixel  40 A, while the light LT does not illuminate the pixel  40 B. Then, a leak current is generated only in the selection transistor  41 A of the light-illuminated pixel  40 A, and current flows from the data lines  68  which are maintained at the high level electric potential VH to the pixel electrode  35 A. 
     Accordingly, an electric potential of the pixel electrode  35 A is increased as shown in  FIG. 6 , an electric potential difference is generated with respect to the common electrode  37  which is maintained at the ground electric potential GND. The electrophoretic element  32  is driven by such an electric potential difference, and the pixel  40 A is black-displayed (see  FIG. 4B ). 
     In this way, among the pixels  40  of the display section  5 , only the pixel  40  which is illuminated by the light LT is selectively transited to the black display, and a predetermined image is recorded in the display section  5 . 
     In the present embodiment, the electric potential Vcom of the common electrode  37  in the image recording step S 102  is maintained at the ground electric potential GND, but may be maintained at the low level electric potential VL (for example, −10V). In this case, if an electric potential Va of the pixel electrode  35 A which belongs to the pixel  40 A which is illuminated by the light becomes a higher electric potential than the electric potential Vcom of the common electrode  37 , the pixel  40 A is changed into the black display. 
     With respect to the electric potential Vcom of the common electrode  37 , the second data electric potential is selected to have a reverse polarity with respect to the first data electric potential. Alternatively, the second data electric potential is set to a lower electric potential than the electric potential Vcom in a case where the first data electric potential is higher than the electric potential Vcom of the common electrode  37 , and the second data electric potential is set to a higher electric potential than the electric potential Vcom in a case where the first data electric potential is lower than the electric potential Vcom. 
     Next, if the procedure goes to the image maintenance step S 103 , as shown in  FIGS. 8B and 6 , the ground electric potential GND is input to the data lines  68  (electric potential Vs) and the common electrode  37  (electric potential Vcom) from the controller  220  through the connection terminals  8  and  7 . 
     As the data line  68  and the common electrode  37  have the same electric potential as described above, a false recording can be prevented from being generated when the light illuminates the pixels  40  of the display section  5 . That is, in the image maintenance step S 103 , even though the light leak is generated in the selection transistor  41  as the pixel  40  is illuminated by the light, since the electric potential of the pixel electrode  35  which belongs to the pixel  40  which is illuminated by the light becomes the ground electric potential GND, the electric potential difference with respect to the common electrode  37  which is maintained at the ground electric potential GND is not generated in a similar way, and thus, the display state of the electrophoretic element  32  is not changed. 
     After the image maintenance step S 103 , the electrophoretic display device  100  is separated from the image recording device  200 , and the connection terminals  6  to  8  are disconnected from the connection terminal  221 . Accordingly, the scanning lines  66 , the data lines  68  and the common electrode  37  are in the high impedance state, and the image displayed in the display section  5  is maintained. 
     In the image maintenance step S 103 , the data lines  68  and the common electrode  37  may not necessarily be at the same electric potential. Specifically, the electric potential Vs of the data lines  68  and the electric potential Vcom of the common electrode  37  may be set so that the electric potential difference between the electric potential Vs of the data lines  68  and the electric potential Vcom of the common electrode  37  becomes equal to or smaller than a threshold voltage of the electrophoretic element  32 . There may be a case where a distinct threshold voltage is not present in the electrophoretic element  32 , and in this case, the threshold voltage may be set to a voltage which does not substantially affect the optical characteristic. In such a range, even though the light illuminates the pixel  40  so that the electric potential Vs of the data lines  68  is input to the pixel electrode  35 , the electric potential difference between the pixel electrode  35  and the common electrode  37  becomes equal to or smaller than the threshold voltage of the electrophoretic element  32 , and the display state of the pixels  40  is not changed. 
     As described above, in the electrophoretic display device  100  according to the present embodiment, since the same electrode structure as in an active matrix liquid crystal device is used, the structure can be simplified, manufacturability thereof can be enhanced, and a low cost can be achieved. Further, by inputting only the predetermined electric potential through the connection wirings  66   a  and  68   a , the entire display section  5  can be transited to the single grayscale, and thus, the reset operation can be easily and rapidly performed. 
     First Modified Example 
     In the electrophoretic display device  100  according to the first embodiment, the image recording is performed by using the image recording device  200  having the image mask  230 , but a handwriting input can be performed by using a light pen with respect to the electrophoretic display device  100 . 
       FIG. 10A  is a plan view illustrating the electrophoretic display device  100 A having a configuration suitable for the handwriting input.  FIG. 10B  is a diagram schematically illustrating a handwriting input manipulation. 
     The electrophoretic display device  100 A shown in  FIG. 10A  is the same as the electrophoretic display device  100  according to the first embodiment in a basic configuration thereof, is different therefrom in that a controller  63  (control section) is mounted on the element substrate  30 . The controller  63  is connected to the connection terminals  6  to  8  on the element substrate  30 . 
     In the electrophoretic display device  100 A, the controller  63  performs the respective steps of the image erasure step S 101 , the image recording step S 102  and the image maintenance step S 103  shown in  FIG. 5 . That is, in the respective steps S 101  to S 103 , the controller  63  inputs predetermined electric potentials in the scanning lines  66  (connection wiring  66   a ), the common electrode  37  and the data lines  68  (connection wiring  68   a ) through the connection terminals  6  to  8 , and controls the display section  5 . 
     More specifically, the controller  63  starts an image display operation in the display section  5  by means of a signal input from a higher device (not shown). If the image display operation starts, the image erasure step S 101  is firstly performed, the entire surface of the display section  5  is white-displayed, and then the image which has been previously displayed is erased. 
     Thereafter, if the procedure goes to the image recording step S 102 , the controller  63  inputs the high level electric potential VH to the data lines  68 , inputs the ground electric potential GND to the common electrode  37 , and then allows the display section  5  to go to a state where the recording is performable by the light pen  250 . If the display section  5  maintained in the recordable state is scanned by the light pen  250  which emits the light LT from a front end thereof, only the pixel  40  which is illuminated by the light is selectively transited into the black display, and the image corresponding to the trace of the light pen  250  is displayed in the display section  5 . 
     Then, after a predetermined time elapses from the starting of the image recording step S 102 , or by the signal input from the higher device, the procedure goes to the image maintenance step S 103 . In the image maintenance step S 103 , the controller  63  maintains the data lines  68  and the common electrode  37  at approximately the same electric potential. Accordingly, unintended recording can be prevented from being generated due to the incidence of outside light with respect to the display section  5  or a false input of the light pen  250 . 
     In the above described first modified example, in a similar way to the first embodiment, in the image erasure step S 101 , the electric potential input to the common electrode  37  may be set at the high level electric potential VH. In the image recording step S 102 , the low level electric potential VL may be input to the common electrode  37 . In the image maintenance step S 103 , the electric potential difference between the data lines  68  and the common electrode  37  may be set at a different electric potential in a range where the electric potential difference thereof becomes equal to or smaller than the threshold voltage of the electrophoretic element  32 . 
     In the electrophoretic display device  100 A, a mechanism which is configured to determine whether the light pen  250  comes in contact with or close to the electrophoretic display device  100 A may be provided. For example, a touch panel may be disposed in an outer surface side of the opposite substrate  31 . A piezoelectric sensor, an optical sensor or the like may be disposed in the opposite substrate  31  or the element substrate  30 . 
     With such a mechanism, the electrophoretic display device  100 A may be configured so that the ground electric potential GND (0V) is input to the data lines  68  when the light pen  250  does not come in contact with or is not close to the electrophoretic display device  100 A, and the high level electric potential VH is input to the data lines  68  only when the light pen  250  comes in contact with or is close to the electrophoretic display device  100 A. With such a driving method, the recording can be performed by the light pen  250  as necessary, and also a false operation (unintended recording) due to the incidence of the outside light or the like can be prevented. 
     The electrophoretic display device  100 A has a configuration suitable for the recording input by means of the light pen  250 , but the image recording by means of the image recording device  200  shown in  FIG. 9  may be available. In this case, the electrophoretic display device  100 A in which the display section  5  is in the image recordable state by the controller  63  is set to the image recording device  200 , and enables the light LT to illuminate the display section  5  through the image mask  230 . Through this operation, the image corresponding to the image mask  230  can be recorded in the electrophoretic display device  100 A. 
     Further, the electrophoretic display device  100 A is exemplified as a configuration suitable for the handwriting input by the light pen  250 , but the handwriting input using the light pen in the electrophoretic display device  100  according to the above described first embodiment can be performed. In this case, an external controller is connected with the connection terminals  6  to  8  of the electrophoretic display device  100 , and predetermined electric potentials in the image recording step S 102  are input from the external controller. 
     Second Modified Example 
     In the first embodiment, in the image erasure step S 101 , the entire surface of the display section  5  is white-displayed so as to erase the image, and in the image recording step S 102 , a part of the pixels  40  of the display section  5  is black-displayed to display the image, but the white color image component may be displayed in a black background. The driving method in this case will be described hereinafter. 
     Firstly, in the image erasure step S 101 , an electric potential of a high level (for example, 12V) at which the selection transistor  41  is in the turned on state is input to the scanning lines  66  (electric potential Vg) from the controller  220  of the image recording device  200  through the connection terminal  6 . The high level electric potential VH (for example, 10V) is input to the data lines (electric potential Vs) through the connection terminal  8 . The ground electric potential GND (0V) is input to the common electrode  37  (electric potential Vcom) through the connection terminal  7 . 
     Accordingly, the pixel electrode  35  becomes a relatively high electric potential, the common electrode  37  becomes a relatively low electric potential, and the entire display section  5  is black-displayed (see  FIG. 4B ). In the image erasure step S 101 , the low level electric potential VL (for example, −10V) may be input to the common electrode  37 . 
     Next, in the image recording step S 102 , an electric potential of a low level (for example, −12V) is input to the scanning lines  66  (electric potential Vg) from the controller  220  through the connection terminal  6 . The low level electric potential VL (for example, −10V) is input to the data lines  68  (electric potential Vs) through the connection terminal  8 . The ground electric potential GND (0V) is input to the common electrode  37  (electric potential Vcom) through the connection terminal  7 . 
     If the light LT illuminates the pixels  40  maintained in the above described electric potential state, a leak current is generated in the selection transistor  41  illuminated by the light, and the electric potential of the pixel electrode  35  is decreased. Thus, if the pixel electrode  35  becomes a relatively low electric potential and the common electrode  37  becomes a relatively high electric potential, the pixels  40  are changed into the white display. As a result, the display section  5  becomes in a state where the white image component (region illuminated by the light) in the black background is displayed. 
     In the image recording step S 102 , the high level electric potential VH may be input to the common electrode  37 . 
     Second Embodiment 
     Next, a second embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to  FIGS. 11 to 13 . 
       FIG. 11  is a circuit configuration diagram illustrating an electrophoretic display device according to the second embodiment, and  FIGS. 12A and 12B  are diagrams illustrating an operation of the electrophoretic display device according to the second embodiment. 
     In the following figures, the same reference numerals are used for the same elements as in the first embodiment and the modified examples thereof, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. 
     As shown in  FIG. 11 , an electrophoretic display device  300  according to the present embodiment includes a first display section  5 A and a second display section  5 B. 
     In the first display section  5 A, m 1  items of scanning lines  66  and n 1  items of data lines  68  are formed. A pixel  40  is formed to correspond to an intersection of the scanning line  66  and the data line  68 . Accordingly, the pixels  40  are arranged in a matrix shape of m 1  row×n 1  column. The entire scanning lines  66  formed in the first display section  5 A are connected with the connection terminal  6  through the connection wiring  66   a . The entire data lines  68  formed in the first display section  5 A are connected with the connection terminal  8  through the connection wiring  68   a . A connection terminal  7 , which is disposed adjacent to the connection terminals  6  and  8 , is connected to the common electrode  37 . 
     In the second display section  5 B, m 2  items of scanning lines  366  and n 2  items of data lines  368  are formed. A pixel  340  is formed to correspond to an intersection of the scanning line  366  and the data line  368 . Accordingly, the pixels  340  are arranged in a matrix shape of m 2  row×n 2  column. The entire scanning lines  366  formed in the second display section  5 B are connected with the connection terminal  306  through the connection wiring  366   a . The entire data lines  368  formed in the second display section  5 B are connected with the connection terminal  308  through the connection wiring  368   a . The pixel  340  has the same configuration as in the pixel  40  of the first display section  5 A, and includes the selection transistor  41 , the pixel electrode  35 , the electrophoretic element  32  and the common electrode  37 . 
     In the electrophoretic display device  300  according to the second embodiment, the number m 1  of the scanning lines  66  and the number n 1  of the data lines  68 , and the number m 2  of scanning lines  366  and the number n 2  of the data lines  368  can be set as an arbitrary natural number. That is, the first display section  5 A and the second display section  5 B may be formed by an arbitrary number of pixels  40  and  340 , respectively. 
     The accuracies of the pixels  40  and  340  may be different from each other in the first display section  5 A and the second display section  5 B. For example, the first display section  5 A may be set to an accuracy (for example, about 300 to 600 ppi) suitable for display of letters or images, and the second display section  5 B may be set to an accuracy (for example, about 50 to 100 ppi) suitable for the handwriting input. 
     External shapes of the first display section  5 A and the second display section  5 B are not limited to a rectangular shape, but may have an arbitrary planar shape such as a triangular shape, a polygonal shape higher than a pentagon, or a circular or elliptical shape. 
       FIG. 12A  is a plan view schematically illustrating a configuration of the electrophoretic display device  300 .  FIG. 12B  is diagram illustrating an operation of the electrophoretic display device  300 . 
     The electrophoretic display device  300  includes an element substrate  330  and an opposite substrate  31 . In a region in which the element substrate  330  and the opposite substrate  31  are overlapped with each other from a planar view, the first display section  5 A and the second display section  5 B are formed. In a region of the element substrate  330  which is extended outside the opposite substrate  31 , a controller  363  (control section) is mounted. The controller  363  is connected with the connection terminal  6  to  8  and the connection terminals  306  and  308  shown in  FIG. 11 , through a wiring (not shown). 
     The element substrate  330  has the same configuration as that of the element substrate  30 , except that the element substrate  330  includes the first display section  5 A and the second display section  5 B corresponding to the display section  5  of the element substrate  30  according to the first embodiment. The controller  363  is configured so as to supply predetermined electric potentials to the connection terminals  6  to  8  and the connection terminals  306  and  308 . 
     Driving Method 
     Hereinafter, a driving method of the electrophoretic display device  300  according to the second embodiment will be described. 
       FIG. 13  is a flowchart illustrating an example of a driving method of the electrophoretic display device according to the second embodiment. 
     As shown in  FIG. 13 , the driving method according to the second embodiment includes a first image erasure step S 201 , a first image recording step S 202 , a first image maintenance step S 203 , a second image erasure step S 204 , a second image recording step S 205 , and a second image maintenance step S 206 . 
     In the first image erasure step S 201  to the first image maintenance step S 203 , for example, recording of letter information TXT as shown in  FIG. 12A  is performed, with respect to the first display section  5 A. 
     Firstly, in the first image maintenance step S 201 , a high level electric potential at which the selection transistor  41  is in a turned on state is input to the entire scanning lines  66  of the first display section  5 A from the controller  363  through the connection terminal  6 . The low level electric potential VL (for example, −10V) for white-displaying the electrophoretic element  32  is input to the entire data lines  68  through the connection terminal  8 . The ground electric potential GND (0V) is input to the common electrode  37  through the connection terminal  7 . Accordingly, the entire surface of the first display section  5 A is white-displayed, and becomes an erasure state. 
     Next, in the first image recording step S 202 , the electrophoretic display device  300  is set to the image recording device  200  as shown in  FIG. 9 . In this case, an image mask  230  in which a pattern corresponding to the letter information TXT shown in  FIG. 12A  is formed, and the first display section  5 A of the electrophoretic display device  300  are aligned to each other. Here, since the electrophoretic display device  300  includes the controller  363 , the connection terminal  221  of the image recording device  200  is not connected with the electrophoretic display device  300 . 
     Then, the low level electric potential at which the selection transistor  41  is in the turned off state is input to the scanning lines  66  from the controller  363  through the connection terminal  6 . The high level electric potential VH (for example, 10V) is input to the data lines  68  through the connection terminal  8 . The ground electric potential GND (0V) is input to the common electrode  37  (electric potential Vcom) through the connection terminal  7 . Accordingly, the first display section  5 A is in the image recordable state. 
     Further, if the first display section  5 A is maintained in the above described voltage application state, the light source device  210  of the image recording device  200  is operated so that the light LT illuminates the first display section  5 A through the image mask  230 . Thus, in the pixel  40  illuminated by the light LT, the leak current is generated in the selection transistor  41 , and the electric potential of the pixel electrode  35  is increased. As a result, the pixel  40  illuminated by the light is selectively changed into the black display and the image corresponding to the image mask  230  is displayed in the first display section  5 A. 
     Thereafter, if the procedure goes to the first image maintenance step S 203 , the ground electric potential GND is input to the data lines  68  and the common electrode  37  from the controller  363  through the connection terminals  7  and  8 . Thus, thereafter, the display state in the first display section  5 A can be prevented from being changed, thereby maintaining the display image. 
     As described above, if the letter information TXT is displayed in the first display section  5 A, the procedure goes to a handwriting input mode by means of the light pen. In such a handwriting input mode, the second image erasure step S 204  to the second image maintenance step S 206  are performed one time, or repeatedly performed several times. 
     In the handwriting input mode (steps S 204  to S 206 ), the first display section  5 A maintains the electric potential state of the image maintenance step S 203 , and the display image of the first display section  5 A is not changed. 
     In the second image display step S 204 , the high level electric potential at which the selection transistor  41  is in the turned on state is input to the entire scanning lines  366  of the second display section  5 B from the controller  363  through the connection terminal  306 . The low level electric potential VL (for example, −10V) for white-displaying the electrophoretic element  32  is input to the entire data lines  368  through the connection terminal  308 . The ground electric potential GND (0V) is input to the common electrode  37  through the connection terminal  7 . Thus, the entire surface of the second display section  5 B is white-displayed, and becomes in the erasure state. 
     Next, in the second image recording step S 205 , as shown in  FIG. 12B , the handwriting input by means of the light pen  250  is performed in the second display section  5 B of the electrophoretic display device  300 . 
     In the second image recording step S 205 , the low level electric potential at which the selection transistor  41  is in the turned off state is input to the scanning lines  366  from the controller  363  through the connection terminal  306 . The high level electric potential VH (for example, 10V) is input to the data lines  368  through the connection terminal  308 . The ground electric potential GND (0V) is input to the common electrode  37  (electric potential Vcom) through the connection terminal  7 . Thus, the second display section  5 B is in the image recordable state. 
     As shown in  FIG. 12B , if the light pen  250  moves close to the second display section  5 B maintained in the above described voltage application state, the leak current is generated in the selection transistor  41  in the pixel  340  illuminated by the light LT of the light pen  250 , and the electric potential of the pixel electrode  35  is increased. As a result, the pixel  340  illuminated by the light is selectively changed into the black display, and a black mark is recorded in the second display section  5 B. 
     Then, if the procedure goes to the second image maintenance step S 206 , the ground electric potential GND is input to the data lines  368  from the controller  363  through the connection terminal  308 , and the ground electric potential GND is input to the common electrode  37  through the connection terminal  7 . Accordingly, the change in the display state in the second display section  5 B is prevented and the recorded black mark is maintained. 
     As described above, according to the electrophoretic display device  300  of the second embodiment, the first display section  5 A and the second display section  5 B can be individually operated. That is, only the second display section  5 B can be in the image recordable state while the display state of the first display section  5 A is being maintained. Thus, for example, the electrophoretic display device  300  can be suitably used in such a manner that horizontal writing letter information is displayed in the first display section  5 A, and a check mark or the like is added to a line head (second display section  5 B) by the light pen  250  or the like. 
     In the electrophoretic display device  300  according to the second embodiment, a mechanism which is configured to determine whether the light pen  250  comes in contact with or is close to the electrophoretic display device  300  may be provided. Accordingly, the recording can be performed by means of the light pen  250  as necessary, and a false operation (unintended recording) due to the incidence of the outside light or the like can be prevented. 
     The second display section  5 B is not only a line head (left side in the figure) of the letter information TXT shown in the first display section  5 A, but also may be provided in a line end (right side in the figure). Further, the second display section  5 B may be provided on one side part (upper side part) of a column direction (a direction orthogonal to the row direction) of the letter information TXT in the first display section  5 A, or may be provided on the other side part (lower side part) thereof. 
     In the second embodiment, the letter information TXT is displayed in only the first display section  5 A, and the display state is maintained at the time of the handwriting input, but the letter information or the image may be displayed with respect to the second display section  5 B. 
     In a case where both of the first display section  5 A and the second display section  5 B are used in the image display, since the first display section  5 A and the second display section  5 B can be driven at the same time in the first image erasure step S 201  to the first image maintenance step S 203  as shown in  FIG. 13 , thereby recording the image in a simple manner. 
     Third Embodiment 
     Hereinafter, a third embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to  FIGS. 14 and 15 . 
       FIG. 14  is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of an electrophoretic display device according to the third embodiment.  FIGS. 15A and 15B  are diagrams illustrating an operation of the electrophoretic display device according to the third embodiment. 
     In the following figures, the same reference numerals are used for the same elements as in the first embodiment, the modified examples thereof and the second embodiment, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. 
     As shown in  FIG. 14 , an electrophoretic display device  400  according to the present embodiment includes a display section  50  in which a plurality of pixels  40  and a plurality of pixels  340  are arranged. 
     A plurality of scanning lines  66  and a plurality of data lines  68  are formed in the display section  50 . The pixel  40  is formed to correspond to an intersection of the scanning line  66  and the data line  68 . The entire scanning lines  66  of the display section  50  are connected to the connection terminal  6  through the connection wiring  66   a . The entire data lines  68  of the display section  50  are connected to the connection terminal  8  through the connection wiring  68   a.    
     A plurality of scanning lines  366  and a plurality of data lines  368  are formed in the display section  50 . The pixel  340  is formed to correspond to an intersection of the scanning line  366  and the data line  368 . The entire scanning lines  366  of the display section  50  are connected to the connection terminal  306  through the connection wiring  366   a . The entire data lines  368  of the display section  50  are connected to the connection terminal  308  through the connection wiring  368   a.    
     Each of the pixels  40  and  340  includes the selection transistor  41 , the pixel electrode  35 , the electrophoretic element  32  and the common electrode  37 . 
     In the third embodiment, in the display section  50 , the pixels  40  and the pixels  340  are alternately arranged to be adjacent to each other in a row direction (an extending direction of the scanning lines  66  and  366 ) and a column direction (an extending direction of the data lines  68  and  368 ). That is, the electrophoretic display device  400  according to the third embodiment includes a configuration in which the pixels  40  of the first display section  5 A and the pixels  340  of the second display section  5 B according to the second embodiment are mixed with each other and arranged in a checker board shape. 
       FIG. 15A  is a plan view illustrating a schematic configuration of the electrophoretic display device  400 . 
     The electrophoretic display device  400  includes an element substrate  430  and the opposite substrate  31 . The display section  50  is formed in a region where the element substrate  430  and the opposite substrate  31  are overlapped with each other from a planar view. A controller  363  (control section) is mounted in a region of the element substrate  430  which is extended outside the opposite substrate  31 . The controller  363  is connected with the connection terminals  6  to  8  and the connection terminals  306  and  308  shown in  FIG. 15 , through a wiring (not shown). 
     The element substrate  430  has the same configuration as that of the element substrate  330  according to the second embodiment, except the arrangement of the pixels  40  and the pixels  340 . The controller  363  is configured to be able to supply predetermined electric potentials to the connection terminals  6  to  8  and the connection terminals  306  and  308 . The controller  363  controls the plurality of pixels  40  which belongs to the display section  50  by the electric potential input through the connection terminals  6  and  8 , and controls the plurality of pixels  340  by the electric potential input through the connection terminals  306  and  308 . 
     Driving Method 
     Next, a driving method of the electrophoretic display device  400  according to the third embodiment will be described. 
     The flowchart as shown in  FIG. 13  can be applied to the driving method of the electrophoretic display device  400  according to the third embodiment. That is, the driving method can include the first image erasure step S 201 , the first image recording step S 202 , the first image maintenance step S 203 , the second image erasure step S 204 , the second image recording step S 205  and the second image maintenance step S 206 . 
     In the first image erasure step S 201  to the first image maintenance step S 203  in the third embodiment, a desired image recording is performed with respect to the arrangement of the pixels  40  of the display section  50 . 
     Specifically, in the first image maintenance step S 201 , the high level electric potential at which the selection transistor  41  is in the turned on state is input to the entire scanning lines  66  of the display section  50  from the controller  363  through the connection terminal  6 . The low level electric potential VL (for example, −10V) for white-displaying the electrophoretic element  32  is input to the entire data lines  68  through the connection terminal  8 . The ground electric potential GND (0V) is input to the common electrode  37  through the connection terminal  7 . Thus, the entire pixels  40  of the display section  50  are white-displayed, and become in the erasure state. 
     Next, in the first image recording step S 202 , the electrophoretic display device  400  is set to the image recording device  200  shown in  FIG. 9 . In this case, the image mask  230  in which a pattern corresponding to the image displayed in the display section  50  is formed and the display section  50  of the electrophoretic display device  300  are arranged in alignment with each other. Here, since the electrophoretic display device  400  includes the controller  363 , the connection terminal  221  of the image recording device  200  is not connected with the electrophoretic display device  400 . 
     Then, the low level electric potential at which the selection transistor  41  is in the turned off state is input to the scanning lines  66  from the controller  363  through the connection terminal  6 . The high level electric potential VH (for example, 10V) is input to the data lines  68  through the connection terminal  8 . The ground electric potential GND (0V) is input to the common electrode  37  (electric potential Vcom) through the connection terminal  7 . Thus, the pixels  40  of the display section  50  are in the image recordable state. 
     If the pixels  40  are maintained in the above described voltage application state, the light source device  210  of the image recording device  200  is operated so that the light LT illuminates the display section  50  through the image mask  230 . Accordingly, the leak current is generated in the selection transistor  41  in the pixel  40  illuminated by the light LT, and the electric potential of the pixel electrode  35  is increased. As a result, the pixel  40  illuminated by the light is changed into the black display, and the image corresponding to the image mask  230  is displayed in the display section  50 . 
     Then, if the procedure goes to the first image step S 203 , the ground electric potential GND is input to the data lines  68  and the common electrode  37  from the controller  363  through the connection terminals  7  and  8 . Accordingly, thereafter, the change in the display state of the pixels  40  is prevented, and the display image is maintained. 
     If the image formed by the pixels  40  as described above is displayed, the procedure goes to the handwriting input mode by means of the light pen. In such a handwriting mode, the second image erasure step S 204  to the second image maintenance step S 206  are performed one time, or repeatedly performed several times. 
     In the handwriting input mode (steps S 204  to S 206 ), the pixels  40  maintain the electric potential state of the image maintenance step S 203  as described above, and the displayed image is not changed. 
     In the second image erasure step S 204 , the high level electric potential at which the selection transistor  41  is in the turned on state is input to the entire scanning lines  366  of the display section  50  from the controller  363  through the connection terminal  306 . The low level electric potential VL (for example, −10V) for white-displaying the electrophoretic element  32  is input to the entire data lines  368  through the connection terminal  308 . The ground electric potential GND (0V) is input to the common electrode  37  through the connection terminal  7 . Accordingly, the entire pixels  340  of the display section  50  are white-displayed and become in the erasure state. 
     Next, in the second image recording step S 205 , as shown in  FIG. 15B , the handwriting input is by means of the light pen  250  is performed in the region, which is formed of the pixels  340 , of the display section  50  of the electrophoretic display device  400 . 
     In the second image recording step S 205 , the low level electric potential at which the selection transistor  41  is in the turned off state is input to the scanning lines  366  from the controller  363  through the connection terminal  306 . The high level electric potential (for example, 10V) is input to the data lines  368  through the connection terminal  308 . The ground electric potential GND (0V) is input to the common electrode  37  (electric potential Vcom) through the connection terminal  7 . Accordingly, the pixels  340  are in the image recordable state. 
     If the display section  50  in which the pixels  340  are maintained in the above described voltage application state is scanned by the light pen  250  as shown in  FIG. 15B , the leak current is generated in the selection transistor  41  in the pixel  340  illuminated by the light LT emitted from the light pen  250 , and the electric potential of the pixel electrode  35  is increased. As a result, the pixel  340  illuminated by the light is selectively transited into the black display, and the image can be over-written as shown in the figure. 
     Then, if the procedure goes to the second image maintenance step S 206 , the ground electric potential GND is input to the data lines  368  from the controller  363  through the connection terminal  308 . The ground electric potential GND is input to the common electrode  37  through the connection terminal  7 . Thus, the change in the display state with respect to the image of the pixels  340  is prevented and the recorded image is maintained. 
     As described above, according to the electrophoretic display device  400  of the third embodiment, since the pixels  40  and the pixels  340  are mixed with each other and arranged in the checker board shape, a desired image can be displayed in the display section  50  by the pixels  40 , and the handwriting input can be performed using the pixels  340 . Accordingly, for example, the electrophoretic display device  400  can be appropriately used in such a manner that the letter information is displayed by the pixels  40 , and a check mark, a line segment or the like is added thereto by means of the light pen  250  or the like. 
     In the electrophoretic display device  400  according to the third embodiment, a mechanism which is configured to determine whether the light pen  250  comes into contact with or is close to the electrophoretic display device  400  may be provided. Thus, the recording can be performed by the light pen  250  as necessary, and a false operation (unintended recording) due to the incidence of outside light or the like can be prevented. 
     In the third embodiment, an image is displayed using only the pixels  40 , and an image by means of the handwriting input is displayed using the pixels  340 , but the letter information or the image may be displayed using both of the pixels  40  and the pixels  340 . In this case, in the first image erasure step S 201  to the first image maintenance step S 203  shown in  FIG. 13 , the pixels  40  and the pixels  340  can be driven at the same time, to thereby easily record the image. 
     In a case where the pixels  40  and the pixels  340  are driven to record the image at the same time, the second image erasure step S 204  is not performed and the procedure goes to the second image recording step S 205 . Then, in the second image recording step S 205 , the handwriting input can be performed with respect to the pixels  340  (namely, the pixels  340  which are not black-displayed) which are not used in the image display in the first image erasure step S 201  to the first image maintain step S 203 . Thus, through the first image erasure step S 201  to the first image maintenance step S 203 , the image by means of the handwriting input can be over-written in the second image recording step S 205 , with respect to the image which is recorded in the pixels  40  and the pixels  340 . 
     In the electrophoretic display device  400  according to the third embodiment, the display section  50  can be formed of the pixels  40  and  340  each having an arbitrary number. In  FIGS. 14 and 15A , the pixels  40  and the pixels  340  are approximately arranged by one-to-one, but different ratios may be employed. For example, in a region where a plurality of pixels  40  is arranged, the pixels  340  of about ½ to 1/10 of the number of the pixels  40  may be mixed and arranged. Further, the sizes of the pixels  40  and the pixels  340  may be different from each other. For example, the pixels  40  may have a size for the accuracy (for example, about 300 to 600 ppi) suitable for the display of letters or images, and the pixels  340  may have a size for the accuracy (for example, about 50 to 100 ppi) suitable for the handwriting input. 
     Fourth Embodiment 
       FIG. 16  is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of an electrophoretic display device which is a fourth embodiment of an electro-optical device according to the present invention.  FIG. 17A  is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a pixel in a first display section of the electrophoretic display device according to the fourth embodiment, and  FIG. 17B  is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a pixel in a second display section of the electrophoretic display device according to the fourth embodiment. 
     As shown in  FIG. 16 , the electrophoretic display device (electro-optical device)  500  according to the fourth embodiment includes a first display section  505 A of an electronic display type and a second display section  505 B of an optical recording display type. A plurality of pixels  540  (first pixels) is arranged in a matrix shape in the first display section  505 A, while a plurality of pixels  640  (second pixels) is arranged in a matrix shape in the second display section  505 B. 
     In the first display section  505 A, m 1  items of scanning lines  66  (Y 1 , Y 2 , . . . , Ym 1 ) and n 1  items of data lines  68  (X 1 , X 2 , . . . , Xn 1 ) are extended in a direction in which they intersects with each other. The pixel  540  is disposed to correspond to an intersection of the scanning line  66  and the data line  68 . 
     In the second display section  505 B, m 2  items of scanning lines  76  (Y 1 , Y 2 , . . . , Ym 2 ) and n 2  items of data lines  78  (X 1 , X 2 , . . . , Xn 2 ) are extended in a direction in which they intersect with each other. The pixel  640  is disposed to correspond to an intersection of the scanning line  76  and the data line  78 . 
     A scanning line driving circuit  16  connected with the plurality of scanning lines  66  extending from the first display section  505 A and a data line driving circuit  17  connected with the plurality of data lines  68  extending from the first display section  505 A are formed around the first display section  505 A. The scanning line driving circuit  16  is connected to the pixels  540  through the plurality of scanning lines  66  and the data line driving circuit  17  is connected to the pixels  540  through the plurality of data lines  68 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 17A , the selection transistor  41 , the pixel electrode  35 , the electrophoretic element  32  (electro-optical material layer), the common electrode  37  and a retentive capacitance  39  are formed in the pixel  540  of the first display section  505 A. 
     One electrode of the retentive capacitance  39  is connected to a drain of the selection transistor  41 , and the other electrode thereof is connected to a capacitance line C. By the retentive capacitance  39 , an electric potential of an image signal recorded through the selection transistor  41  can be maintained for a predetermined time. 
     In the pixel circuit shown in  FIG. 17A , if the scanning line  66  is selected, the selection transistor  41  becomes in a turned on state, and the retentive capacitance is charged by the image signal input through the data line  68 . Then, if the scanning line  66  is not selected, the selection transistor  41  becomes in a turned off state, thereby moving charged particles of the electrophoretic element  32  by energy accumulated in the retentive capacitance. 
     A connection wiring  76   a  which connects end parts of the plurality of scanning lines  76  extending from the second display section  505 B, a connection wiring  78   a  which connects end parts of the plurality of data lines  78  extending from the second display section  505 B, and connection terminals  6 ,  7  and  8  are formed around the second display section  505 B. The connection terminal  6  is connected to the connection wiring  76   a  and is connected to the entire scanning lines  76  of the display section  5  through the connection wiring  76   a . The connection terminal  8  is connected to the connection wiring  78   a  and is connected to the entire data lines  78  of the second display section  5 B through the connection wiring  78   a . The connection terminal  7  is connected to the common electrode  37  formed as a common electrode in the plurality of pixels  340 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 17B , the selection transistor  41 , the pixel electrode  35 , the electrophoretic element  32  (electro-optical material layer) and the common electrode  37  are formed in the pixel  640  of the second display section  505 B, respectively. Although not shown, a retentive capacitance may be provided between the pixel electrode  35  and the capacitance line C, as in the pixel  540 . 
     The selection transistor  41  is a pixel switching element made of, for example, NMOS (Negative Metal Oxide Semiconductor)-TFT (Thin Film Transistor). A gate terminal of the selection transistor  41  is connected with the scanning line  66  ( 76 ), a source terminal thereof is connected with the data line  68  ( 78 ), and a drain terminal thereof is connected with the pixel electrode  35 . 
     The gates of the selection transistors  41  for forming the pixels  540  of the first display section  505 A are connected with each scanning line  66  in the unit of a set in each row, and are connected with the scanning line driving circuit  16 . The sources of the selection transistors  41  for forming the pixels  540  of the first display section  505 A are connected with each data line  68  in the unit of a set in each column, and are connected with the data line driving circuit  17 . 
       FIG. 18A  is a plan view illustrating an electrophoretic display device  500 .  FIG. 18B  is a partial sectional view illustrating the electrophoretic display device  500  in the display section  505 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 18A , the display section  505  is formed in a region where the element substrate  30  and the opposite substrate  31  are overlapped with each other from a planar view. The scanning line driving circuit  16  is mounted on the right side (in the figure) of the element substrate  30 . The scanning line driving circuit  16  is connected to the plurality of scanning lines  66  extended from the display section  505 . Similarly, the data line driving circuit  17  is mounted on the upper side (in the figure) of the element substrate  30 . The data line driving circuit  17  is connected to the plurality of data lines  68 . The connection terminal  7  formed between the connection terminals  6  and  8  is connected to the common electrode  37  through the connection wiring  67  formed on the element substrate  30  and the inter-substrate connection section  9  which electrically connects the element substrate  30  and the opposite substrate  31 . 
     The electrophoretic display device  500  is operated by electric power or a control signal line from a controller  563  (control section). In  FIG. 18A , a schematic wiring connection state is shown with arrows. As shown, the controller  563  is connected with the connection terminals  6  to  8 , the scanning line driving circuit  16  and the data line driving circuit  17 . 
     The controller  563  can control the plurality of pixels  540  which belong to the display section  505  through the electric potential input through the scanning line driving circuit  16  and the data line driving circuit  17 , and can control the plurality of pixels  640  by the electric potential input through the connection terminals  6  and  8 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 18B , the electrophoretic display device  500  has a configuration in which the electrophoretic element  32 , in which a plurality of microcapsules  20  is arranged, is disposed between the element substrate (substrate)  30  and the opposite substrate (substrate)  31 . 
     In the display section  505 , the circuit layer  34  in which the scanning lines  66  and  76 , the data lines  68  and  78 , the selection transistor  41  and the like are formed is provided on the side of the element substrate  30  facing the electrophoretic element  32 , and the plurality of pixel electrodes  35  is arranged on the circuit layer  34 . 
       FIG. 19A  is a plan view illustrating the element substrate  30  in the single pixel  640 , and  FIG. 19B  is a sectional view in a position taken along line XIXB-XIXB in  FIG. 19A . 
     As shown in  FIG. 19A , the selection transistor  41  includes a semiconductor layer  41   a  of a rectangular shape from a planar view, a source electrode  41   c  extended from the data line  78 , a drain electrode  41   d  for connecting the semiconductor layer  41   a  and the pixel electrode  35 , and a gate electrode  41   e  extended from the scanning line  76 . 
     Referring to a sectional view shown in  FIG. 19B , a gate electrode  41   e  (scanning line  76 ) made of Al or Al alloy is formed on the element substrate  30 . Further, a gate insulating film  41   b  made of silicon oxide or silicon nitride is formed to cover the gate electrode  41   e . The semiconductor layer  41   a  made of amorphous silicon or poly silicon is formed in a region opposite to the gate electrode  41   e  through the gate insulating film  41   b . The source electrode  41   c  and the drain electrode  41   d  made of Al or Al alloy are formed to partly run on the semiconductor layer  41   a . An inter-layer insulating film  34   a  made of silicon oxide or silicon nitride is formed to cover the source electrode  41   c  (data line  78 ), the drain electrode  41   d , the semiconductor layer  41   a , and the gate insulating film  41   b . The pixel electrode  35  is formed on the inter-layer insulating film  34   a . The pixel electrode  35  and the drain electrode  41   d  are connected with each other through a contact hole  34   b  which is formed through the inter-layer insulating film  34   a  and reaches the drain electrode  41   d.    
     The pixel  540  may be formed by adding the retentive capacitance  39  to the pixel  640 . 
     In the electrophoretic display device  500  according to the fourth embodiment, the number m 1  of scanning lines  66  and the number n 1  of the data lines  68 , and the number m 2  of scanning lines  76  and the number n 2  of the data lines  78  may be set as an arbitrary natural number. That is, the first display section  505 A and the second display section  505 B may be formed of the pixels  540  and  640  each having an arbitrary number. 
     The accuracies of the pixels  540  and  640  in the first display section  505 A and the second display  505 B may be different from each other. For example, the first display section  505 A may be set to an accuracy (for example, about 300 to 600 ppi) suitable for the display of letters or images, and the second display section  505 B may be set to an accuracy (for example, about 50 to 100 ppi) suitable for the handwriting input. 
     External shapes of the first display section  505 A and the second display section  505 B is not limited to the rectangular shape, but may have an arbitrary planar shape such as a triangular shape, a polygonal shape higher than a pentagon, or a circular or elliptical shape. 
     Returning to  FIG. 18B , the common electrode  37  of the planar shape facing the plurality of pixel electrodes  35  is formed on the side of the opposite substrate  31  facing the electrophoretic element  32 , and the electrophoretic element  32  is provided on the common electrode  37 . The electrophoretic element  32  and the pixel electrode  35  are adhered to each other through an adhesive layer  33 , and thus, the element substrate  30  and the opposite substrate  31  are adhered to each other. 
       FIG. 18C  is a sectional view schematically illustrating the microcapsule  20 . The microcapsules  20  are disposed between the common electrode  37  and the pixel electrodes  35  as shown in  FIG. 18B , and the single or plural microcapsules  20  are arranged inside the single pixel  540  and  640 . The single microcapsule  20  may be arranged over the plurality of pixels  540  and  640 . 
     Driving Method 
     Next, a driving method of the electrophoretic display device according to the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to  FIGS. 20 to 24 . 
       FIG. 20  is a flowchart illustrating an example of a driving method of the electrophoretic display device  500 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 20 , a driving method of the electrophoretic display device  500  according to the fourth embodiment includes a first image erasure step S 501 , a first image signal input step S 502 , a first image maintenance step S 503 , a second image erasure step S 504 , a second image recording step S 505  and a second image maintenance step S 506 . 
     In the first image erasure step S 501  to the first image maintenance step S 503 , with respect to the arrangement of the plurality of pixels  540  of the first display section  505 A in the display section  505 , a desired image recording is performed. Specifically, in the first image erasure step S 501  to the first image maintenance step S 503 , for example, recording of the letter information TXT shown in  FIG. 24A  is performed with respect to the first display section  505 A. 
     In the display section  505  before the first image erasure step S 501 , the scanning line driving circuit  16  and the data line driving circuit  17  are in a power off state, or in an electrically disconnected state with respect to each electrode of the display section  505 . Accordingly, both the pixel electrode  35  and the common electrode  37  are in a high impedance state (Hi-Z) in which they are all electrically disconnected, and the respective pixels  40  are in the state of the black display, the white display or the grayscale display. That is, the display is stored with no power. 
     In the first image erasure step S 501 , the high level electric potential at which the selection transistor  41  is in the turned on state is input to the entire scanning lines  66  of the first display section  505 A from the controller  563  through the scanning line driving circuit  16 . The low level electric potential VL (for example, −10V) for white-displaying the electrophoretic element  32  is input to the entire data lines  68  through the data line driving circuit  17 . The ground electric potential GND (0V) is input to the common electrode  37  through a common electrode wiring (not shown). Accordingly, the entire pixels  540  of the first display section  505 A are white-displayed and become in the erasure state. 
     In the first image erasure step S 501 , since all the pixels  540  of the display section  505  only have to be transited to a single grayscale, a specific driving method can be changed in a range in which such an object can be achieved. For example, in the above description, the electric potential Vcom of the common electrode  37  is defined as the ground electric potential GND (0V), but may be defined as the high level electric potential VH (for example, 10V). 
     Next, in the first image signal input step S 502 , predetermined electric potentials are input to the pixel electrode  35  and the common electrode  37  of the pixel  540  which belongs to the first display section  505 A, respectively, and thus, a driving voltage is applied to the electrophoretic element  32  (microcapsule  20 ). Specifically, a selection signal (for example, a high level of 40V) is input to the scanning lines  66  of the respective rows in a sequential manner, for a predetermined period of time. Accordingly, the selection transistor  41  connected with the selected scanning line  66  is turned on, and an image data voltage (image signal) is input to the respective pixels  540  from the data lines  68 . In this way, the retentive capacitance  39  in the pixel  540  is charged at the image data voltage, and the grayscale display according to the electrostatic energy of the retentive capacitance  39  is performed. In this way, a predetermined image is recorded in the first display section  505 A. 
     In the fourth embodiment, in the first image signal input step S 502 , the electric potential Vcom of the common electrode  37  is maintained at the ground electric potential GND, but may be maintained at the low level electric potential VL (for example, −10V). 
     Then, if the procedure goes to the first image maintenance step S 503 , the ground electric potential GND is input to the data lines  68  (electric potential Vs) from the controller  563  through the data line driving circuit  17 , and the ground electric potential GND is input to the common electrode  37  (electric potential Vcom) through a common electrode wiring (not shown). Thus, thereafter, the display state in the pixels  540  is prevented from being changed, and the display image is maintained. 
     In the first image maintenance step S 503 , the data lines  68  and the common electrode  37  may not necessarily be at the same electric potential. Specifically, the electric potential Vs of the data lines  68  and the electric potential Vcom of the common electrode  37  may be set so that the electric potential difference between the electric potential Vs of the data lines  68  and the electric potential Vcom of the common electrode  37  becomes equal to or smaller than a threshold voltage of the electrophoretic element  32 . There may be a case where a distinct threshold voltage is not present in the electrophoretic element  32 , and in this case, the threshold voltage may be set to a voltage which does not substantially affect the optical characteristic. 
     With such a configuration, if the letter information TXT is displayed in the first display section  505 A, the procedure goes to a handwriting input mode by means of the light pen. In such a handwriting input mode, the second image erasure step S 504  to the second image maintenance step S 506 , are repeatedly performed. 
     In the handwriting input mode (steps S 504  to S 506 ), the first display section  505 A maintains the electric potential state of the above described first image maintenance step S 503 , and the display image of the first display section  505 A is not changed. 
       FIG. 21  is a timing chart corresponding to the handwriting input mode, which illustrates a timing chart in cases where the pixels  640  are black-displayed and white-displayed. In  FIG. 21 , for identification, the pixels  640  to be black-displayed is given a reference numeral  640 A, and the pixels  640  to maintain the white display is given a reference numeral  640 B.  FIGS. 22A to 22C ,  FIG. 23A  and  FIG. 23B  are diagrams illustrating electric potential states of two pixels in each operation of the optical recording input method (handwriting input method) according to the present embodiment. 
       FIG. 21  illustrates an electric potential Vg of the scanning lines  76  which is input through the connection terminal  6 , an electric potential Vs of the data lines  78  which is input through the connection terminal  8 , an electric potential Vcom of the common electrode  37  which is input through the connection terminal  7 , an electric potential Va of the pixel electrode  35 A which belongs to the pixel  640 A, and an electric potential Vb of the pixel electrode  35 B which belongs to the pixel  640 B. 
     In  FIGS. 22 to 23 , subscripts “A” and “B” of reference numerals ( 640 A,  640 B and the like) indicating the elements in the figure are used to clearly distinguish the two pixels  640 A and  640 B ( 640 ) which are description targets and components which belong to the two pixels  640 A and  640 B. 
     Firstly, in the second image erasure step S 504 , the high level electric potential at which the selection transistor  41  is in the turned on state is input to the entire scanning lines  76  of the second display section  505 B from the controller  563  through the connection terminal  6 . The low level electric potential VL (for example, −10V) for white-displaying the electrophoretic element  32  is input to the entire data lines  78  through the connection terminal  8 . The ground electric potential GND (0V) is input to the common electrode  37  through the connection terminal  7 . Accordingly, the entire surface of the second display section  505 B is white-displayed, and becomes in an erasure state. 
     Next, in the second image recording step S 505 , as shown in  FIG. 10B , the handwriting input by means of the light pen  250  is performed in the second display section  505 B of the electrophoretic display device  100 . 
     In the second image recording step S 505 , the low level electric potential at which the selection transistor  41  is in the turned off state is input to the scanning lines  76  from the controller  563  through the connection terminal  6 . The high level electric potential VH (for example, 10V) is input to the data lines  78  through the connection terminal  8 . The ground electric potential GND (0V) is input to the common electrode  37  (electric potential Vcom) through the connection terminal  7 . Accordingly, the second display section  505 B is in the image recordable state. 
     As shown in  FIG. 24B , if the light pen  250  moves close to the second display section  505 B maintained in the above described voltage application state, the leak current is generated in the selection transistor  41  in the pixel  640  illuminated by the light LT emitted from the light pen  250 , and the electric potential of the pixel electrode  35  is increased. As a result, the pixel  640  illuminated by the light is selectively changed into the black display, and a black mark is recorded in the second display section  505 B. 
     Then, if the procedure goes to the second image maintenance step S 506 , as shown in  FIG. 23B , the ground electric potential GND is input to the data lines  78  from the controller  563  through the connection terminal  8 . The ground electric potential GND is input to the common electrode  37  through the connection terminal  7 . As the data line  78  and the common electrode  37  have the same electric potential as described above, a false recording can be prevented from being generated when the light illuminates the pixels  640  of the second display section  505 B. That is, in the second image maintenance step S 506 , even though the light leak is generated in the selection transistor  41  as the pixel  640  is illuminated by the light, since the electric potential of the pixel electrode  35  which belongs to the pixel  640  which is illuminated by the light becomes the ground electric potential GND, the electric potential difference is not generated with respect to the common electrode  37  which is maintained at the ground electric potential GND in a similar way, and thus, the display state of the electrophoretic element  32  is not changed. 
     In this way, the display state in the second display section  505 B is prevented from being changed, and the recorded black mark is maintained. 
     As described above, according to the electrophoretic display device  500  of the fourth embodiment, through the display section  505  including the first display section  505 A which is capable of an electronic display according to the image signal input and the second display section  505 B which is capable of a display by means of the optical recording, the electronic display and the display by means of the optical recording are performed in the same display panel. 
     Since the first display section  505 A and the second display section  505 B can be independently operated, only the second display section  505 B can be in the image recordable state while the display state of the first display section  505 A is being maintained. 
     Specifically, the selection transistors  41  which belong to the first display section  505 A are individually driven through the scanning line driving circuit  16  and the data line driving circuit  17 , and thus, it is possible to easily and rapidly display a predetermined image on the first display section  505 A. Further, as predetermined electric potentials are input to the scanning lines  76  which are connected with each other and the data lines  78  which are connected with each other, which belong to the second display section  505 B, it is possible to easily and rapidly transit the entire second display section  505 B to the same display state, and thus, the handwriting input can be performed. 
     Thus, for example, the electrophoretic display device  500  can be suitably used in such a manner that letter information of a horizontal writing is electronically displayed in the first display section  505 A, and then a check mark or the like is added to a line head (second display section  505 B) by the light pen  250  or the like. Accordingly, the electrophoretic display device which can easily perform an image display with a relatively simplified structure and can perform the handwriting input is obtained. 
     Further, since the first display section  505 A and the second display section  505 B are provided in the same panel, the selection transistors  41 , the pixel electrodes  35 , the scanning lines  66  and  76 , the data lines  68  and  78 , and so forth which are provided in the respective display sections  505 A and  505 B can be formed in the same manufacturing process. 
     In the electrophoretic display device  500  according to the fourth embodiment, a mechanism which is configured to determine whether the light pen  250  comes in contact with or close to the electrophoretic display device  500  may be provided. Accordingly, the recording can be performed by the light pen  250  as necessary, and also a false operation (unintended recording) due to the incidence of the outside light or the like can be prevented. 
     Further, the second display section  505 B shown in  FIG. 24A  is not only a line head (left side in the figure) of the letter information TXT displayed in the first display section  505 A, but also may be provided in a line end (right side in the figure). Further, the second display section  505 B may be provided on one side part (upper side part) of a column direction (a direction orthogonal to the row direction) of the letter information TXT in the first display section  505 A, or may be provided on the other side part (lower side part) thereof. 
     In the electrophoretic display device  500  according to the fourth embodiment, the pixel circuit of the pixel  540  in the first display section  505 A is not limited the above described configuration. For example, the pixel  540   a  as shown in  FIG. 25  can be employed. The pixel  540   a  shown in  FIG. 25  includes the selection transistor  41 A, the driving transistor  41 B, the pixel electrode  35 , the electrophoretic element  32 , the common electrode  37  and the retentive capacitance  39 . A gate of the driving transistor  41 B is connected with a drain of the selection transistor  41 A and one electrode of the retentive capacitance  39 . A source of the driving transistor  41 B is connected with an electric power line E, together with the other electrode of the retentive capacitance  39 . The electric power line E is formed in the unit of a row in a similar way to the scanning line  66 . A drain of the driving transistor  41 B is connected to the pixel electrode  35 . 
     In the display operation in the pixel  540   a  as shown in  FIG. 25 , the selection transistor  41 A is in the turned on state on the basis of a control signal from the scanning line  66 , and an electric potential of a data signal from the data line  68  is maintained in the retentive capacitance  39 . The driving transistor  41 B supplies a driving current to the electrophoretic element  32  from the electric power line E in accordance with the electric potential of the data signal maintained in the retentive capacitance  39 . Even though the scanning line  66  is not selected, a predetermined current is continuously supplied to the electrophoretic element  32  by the retentive capacitance  39 . If the selection transistor  41 A is re-selected to set the voltage of the retentive capacitance  39  to 0 after a predetermined time elapses, the power supply is cut off with respect to the electrophoretic element  32 . The grayscale display is performed according to the amount of the electric current flowed in the electrophoretic element  32  thus far. 
     In a case where the pixel  540   a  is used in the first display section  505 A in this way, the scanning lines  66  are sequentially selected, the selection transistors  41 A of the selected row are in the turned on state and the retentive capacitances  39  are charged by voltage applied to the data lines  68 , and thus, charged particles of the electrophoretic element  32  can be moved to perform the electronic display in the first display section  505 A. 
     Fifth Embodiment 
     Hereinafter, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to  FIGS. 26 ,  27 A and  27 B. 
       FIG. 26  is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of an electrophoretic display device according to the fifth embodiment of the invention; and  FIGS. 27A and 27B  are diagrams illustrating an operation of the electrophoretic display device according to the fifth embodiment. 
     In the following figures, the same reference numerals are used in the same elements as in the previous embodiments, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. 
     As shown in  FIG. 26 , an electrophoretic display device  600  according to the fifth embodiment is provided with a display section  605  in which a plurality of pixels  540  and a plurality of pixels  640  are alternately arranged. 
     The display section  605  is formed with a plurality of scanning lines  66  and a plurality of data lines  68 . The pixel  540  is formed to correspond to an intersection of the scanning line  66  and the data line  68 . The entire scanning lines  66  are connected with the scanning line driving circuit  16 , and the entire data lines  68  are connected with the data line driving circuit  17 . The pixel  540  is provided with the retentive capacitance  39 , which is not shown in  FIG. 26 . 
     The display section  605  is formed with a plurality of scanning lines  76  and a plurality of data lines  78 . The pixel  640  is formed to correspond to an intersection of the scanning line  76  and the data line  78 . The entire scanning lines  76  are connected with the connection terminal  6  through the connection wiring  76   a , the entire data lines  78  are connected with the connection terminal  8  through the connection wiring  78   a.    
     Either of the pixel  540  and the pixel  640  includes the selection transistor  41 , the pixel electrode  35 , the electrophoretic element  32  and the common electrode  37 . 
     In the display section  605  of the electrophoretic display device  600  according to the fifth embodiment, the pixels  540  and the pixels  640  are alternately arranged so as to be adjacent to each other in a row direction (an extension direction of the scanning lines  66  and  76 ) and in a column direction (an extension direction of the data lines  68  and  78 ). In other words, the display section  605  has a configuration in which the pixels  540  of the first display section  505 A and the pixels  640  of the second display section  505 B are mixed with each other and arranged in a checker board shape. 
       FIG. 27A  is a plan view illustrating a schematic configuration of the electrophoretic display device  600 . 
     The electrophoretic display device  600  is provided with the element substrate  230  and the opposite substrate  31 . The display section  605  is provided in a region in which the element substrate  230  and the opposite substrate  31  are overlapped with each other from a planar view. In a region of the element substrate  230  which is extended outside the opposite substrate  31 , a controller  563  (control section) is mounted. The controller  563  is connected with the connection terminals  6  to  8 , the scanning line driving circuit  16  and the data line driving circuit  17  as shown in  FIG. 12 , through wirings (not shown). 
     The element substrate  230  has the same configuration as in the element substrate  30  according to the fourth embodiment, except the arrangement of the pixels  540  and the pixels  640 . The controller  563  is configured to be able to supply predetermined electric potentials to the connection terminals  6  to  8 , the scanning line driving circuit  16  and the data line driving circuit  17 . The control  563  controls the plurality of pixels  540  which belongs to the display section  605  by the electric potential inputs through the connection terminals  6  and  8 , and controls the plurality of pixels  640  by the electric potential inputs through the scanning line driving circuit  16  and the data line driving circuit  17 . 
     Driving Method 
     Next, a driving method of the electrophoretic display device  600  according to the fifth embodiment will be described. The flowchart as shown in  FIG. 20  in the fourth embodiment can be applied to the driving method of the electrophoretic display device  600  according to the present embodiment. 
     In the first image erasure step S 501  to the first image maintenance step S 503  in the electrophoretic display device  600  according to the fifth embodiment, a desired image recording is performed with respect to the arrangement of the plurality of pixels  540  of the display section  605 . 
     Firstly, in the first image erasure step S 501 , an electric potential of a high level at which the selection electrode  41  is in the turned on state is input to the scanning line  66  from the controller  563  through the scanning line driving circuit  16 . The low level electric potential VL is input to the data line  68  through the data line driving circuit  17 . Accordingly, the entire pixels  540  of the display section  150  are white-displayed, and become in the erasure state. 
     Thereafter, in the first image signal input step S 502 , predetermined electric potentials are respectively input to the pixel electrode  35  and the common electrode  37  which belong to each pixel  540  of the display section  605 , and thus, a driving voltage is applied to the electrophoretic element  32  (microcapsule  20 ). Specifically, a selection signal (high level of 40V) is input to the scanning line  66  for a predetermined period of time, and an image signal corresponding to image data is input to the data line  68 . Accordingly, the selection transistor  41  is turned on through the scanning line  66 , the image signal (image data) is input to each pixel  540  from the data line  68 , and each pixel  540  stores the input image data. In this way, a predetermined image is recorded in the display section  605 . 
     Next, if the procedure goes to the first image maintenance step S 503 , the ground electric potential GND is input to the data line  68  (electric potential Vs) from the controller  563  through the data line driving circuit  17 , the ground electric potential GND is input to the common electrode  37  (electric potential Vcom) through a common electrode wiring (not shown). Accordingly, thereafter, the change in the display state of the pixel  540  is prevented, and the display image is maintained. 
     If the predetermined image is displayed on the display section  605  as described above, the procedure goes to the handwriting input mode by means of the light pen. In such a handwriting input mode, the pixel  540  maintains the electric potential state in the above described first image maintenance step S 503 , and the displayed image is not changed. 
     Then, in the second image erasure step S 504 , the high level electric potential at which the selection electrode  41  is in the turned on state is input to the scanning line  76  from the controller  563  through the connection terminal  6 . The low level electric potential VL (for example, −10V) for white-displaying the electrophoretic element  32  is input to the data line  78  through the connection terminal  8 . Further, the ground electric potential GND (0V) is input to the common electrode  37  through the connection terminal  7 . Accordingly, the entire pixels  640  of the display section  605  are white-displayed, and become in the erasure state. 
     Next, in the second image recording step S 505 , as shown in  FIG. 27B , the handwriting input by means of the light pen  250  is performed in a region (second display section  505 B), which is formed of the pixels  640 , of the display section  605  in the electrophoretic display device  600 . 
     In the second image recording step S 505 , the low level electric potential at which the selection terminal  41  is in the turned off state is input to the scanning line  76  from the controller  563  through the connection terminal  6 . The high level electric potential VH (for example, 10V) is input to the data line  78  through the connection terminal  8 . The ground electric potential GND (0V) is input to the common electrode  37  (electric potential Vcom) through the connection terminal  7 . Accordingly, each pixel  640  of the display section  150  is in the image recordable state. 
     If the display section  605  maintained in the voltage application state is scanned by the light pen  250  as shown in  FIG. 27B , the leak current is generated in the selection electrode  41  in the pixel  640  which is illuminated by the light LT emitted from the light pen  250 , and the electric potential of the pixel electrode  35  is increased. As a result, the pixel  640  which is illuminated by the light is selectively transited to the black display, and the image can be overwritten as shown in the figure. 
     Thereafter, the procedure goes to the second image maintenance step S 506 . The ground electric potential GND is input to the data line  78  from the controller  563  through the connection terminal  8 , and the ground electric potential GND is input to the common electrode  37  through the connection terminal  7 . Accordingly, the change in the display state is also prevented in the image which is formed of the pixels  640 , and the recorded image is maintained. 
     As described above, according to the electrophoretic display device  600  according to the fifth embodiment, since the pixels  540  and the pixels  640  are mixed with each other and arranged in the checkerboard shape, a desired image can be displayed in the display section  605  through the pixels  540 , and the handwriting input can be performed using the pixels  640 . Thus, for example, the electrophoretic display device  600  can be appropriately used in such a manner that letter information or the like before correction is electronically displayed through the pixels  540 , and check marks, line segments or the like are added thereto by means of the light pen  250 . 
     Sixth Embodiment 
     Hereinafter, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to  FIG. 28 . 
       FIG. 28  is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of an electrophoretic display device according to the sixth embodiment. 
     In the following figures, the same reference numerals are used in the same elements as in the previous embodiments, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. 
     The electrophoretic display device  600  according to the sixth embodiment is provided with a display section  705  including a first display section  505 A which is capable of an electronic display and a second display section  505 B which is capable of a display by means of the optical recording. A scanning line driving circuit  16 A is connected with the scanning lines  66  extended from the first display section  505 A, and a data line driving circuit  17 A is connected with the data lines  68 . A scanning line driving circuit  16 B is connected with the scanning lines  76  extended from the second display section  505 B, and a data line driving circuit  17 B is connected with the data lines  78 . 
     As the scanning line driving circuit  16 B and the data line driving circuit  17 B connected with the second display section  505 B is provided in this way, and driving voltage waveforms can be individually applied to the respective scanning lines  76  and the respective data lines  78 , the electronic display can be also performed in the second display section  505 B. 
     In such a configuration, it is possible to drive the respective scanning lines  76  and the respective data lines  78  as a whole by means of the scanning line driving circuit  16 B and the data line driving circuit  17 B. Accordingly, the same optical recording sequence as in the fourth embodiment can be performed, and the display by means of the optical recording can be performed as necessary. 
     Seventh Embodiment 
     Hereinafter, a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to  FIG. 29 . 
       FIG. 29  is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of an electrophoretic display device according to the seventh embodiment. 
     In the following figures, the same reference numerals are used in the same elements as in the previous embodiments and the modified embodiments thereof, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. 
     An electrophoretic display device  800  according to the seventh embodiment is provided with a display section  805  in which the plurality of pixels  540  and the plurality pixels  640  are arranged in a checker board shape. The display section  805  includes the first display section  505 A having the pixels  640  arranged in a matrix shape from a planar view and the second display section  505 B having the pixels  540  arranged in a matrix shape from a planar view. By means of the scanning line driving circuit  16 A connected to the scanning lines  66  in the first display section  505 A and the data line driving circuit  17 A connected with the data lines  68 , the display driving of the pixels  540  is performed. By means of the scanning line driving circuit  16 B connected to the scanning lines  76  in the second display section  505 B and the data line driving circuit  17 B connected with the data lines  78 , the display driving of the pixels  640  is performed. 
     In the seventh embodiment, each scanning line  66  and each data line  68  are driven by means of the scanning line driving circuit  16 A and the data line driving circuit  17 A connected with the first display section  505 A, and thus, the same optical recording sequence as in the sixth embodiment can be performed in the first display section  505 A. That is, the display by means of the optical recording can be also performed with respect to the pixels  540  in which the electronic display is performed. 
     Accordingly, according to the seventh embodiment, the pixels  540  and  640  of the display section  805  are driven by means of the scanning line driving circuits  16 A and  16 B and the data line driving circuits  17 A and  17 B, thereby making it possible to perform the electronic display according to the image signal input, and to perform the display according to the optical recording over the display section  805 . 
     A technical scope of the embodiments of the present invention is not limited to the above described embodiments, and may be appropriately modified in a range without departing from the spirit of the present invention. 
     For example, the configuration of the display section  5  and the second display section  5 B according to the first to the third embodiments, and of the second display section  505 B capable of the display by means of the optical recording among the display section according to the fourth to the seventh embodiments, is not limited to the configuration using the transistor. For example, as shown in  FIG. 30 , a second display section  905 B which uses a diode in place of a thin film transistor may be employed. A diode  51 , the pixel electrode  35 , the electrophoretic element  32  and the common electrode  37  are provided in pixels  940  of a second display section  905 B shown in  FIG. 30 . An anode terminal (second terminal) of the diode  51  is connected with a signal line  56  and a cathode terminal (first terminal) thereof is connected with the pixel electrode  35 . The signal line  56  of each row is connected with the connection terminal  6  through the connection wiring  56   a.    
       FIG. 31  is a diagram illustrating a configuration for employing as the diode  51   a  configuration in which a transistor is diode-connected (configuration in which a source terminal and a gate terminal are short-circuited to each other). A plurality of signal lines  58  which is extended in a direction of being intersected with the signal lines  56  is formed, the source terminal of the transistor for forming the diode  51  is connected with the signal line  58 . 
     With a configuration such that the transistor of the diode connection is used, since the same electrode structure as in an active matrix liquid crystal device can be used, the structure can be simplified, manufacturability thereof can be enhanced, and a low cost can be achieved. Further, by only inputting a predetermined electric potential to the diode  51  through the signal lines  56 , the entire display section  5  can be transited to the single grayscale, and thus, the reset operation can be easily and rapidly performed. 
     Further, various modifications may be performed. For example, the light LT illuminates the outside of the opposite substrate  31 , but the light LT may illuminate the outside of the element substrate  30  or the element substrate  330 . The light LT may illuminate the outsides of the opposite substrate  31  and the element substrate  30  ( 330 ). 
     The configuration of the selection transistor  41  is not particularly limited, but may include a transistor using an organic semiconductor layer, in addition to a configuration using amorphous silicon or polysilicon. If the selection transistor  41  is a TFT using the amorphous silicon or polysilicon, the sensitivity with respect to the light LT is increased, and energy for the optical recording is decreased. In the case of the TFT using the silicon, it is easy for the display section to be a large-sized screen. On the other hand, if the selection transistor  41  is a transistor using an organic semiconductor layer, the transistor may be formed at a low temperature, and may be formed of a transparent member having higher flexibility than glass. 
     The retentive capacitances connected with the electrophoretic elements  32  in parallel may be provided in the pixels  40 ,  340 ,  640  and  940 . 
     In the above described embodiments and modified examples, the signal lines  56 , the scanning lines  66 , the data lines  68 , the scanning lines  366 , and the data lines  368  are respectively connected with each other through the connection wirings  56   a ,  66   a ,  68   a ,  366   a  and  368   a , but the present invention is not limited to the configurations. For example, the scanning lines  66  may be connected with each other through any other electric circuit. 
     That is, there may be provided a signal line driving circuit which is connected with the signal lines  56  and has the function of enabling the entire signal lines  56  to be collectively in a selection state. Further, there may be provided a scanning line driving circuit which is connected with the scanning lines  66  and has the function of enabling the entire signal lines  66  to be collectively in a selection state. Furthermore, there may be provided a data line driving circuit which is connected with the data lines  68  and has the function of enabling the data lines  68  to be collectively in a selection state. 
     In the above described embodiments and the modified examples, the electrophoretic display device having the electrophoretic element  32  as the electro-optical material layer is described as an example, but the electro-optical material layer is not limited to the electrophoretic element. As long as the electro-optical material layer has a memory property, a known electro-optical material layer can be employed. For example, the electro-optical material layer made of cholesteric liquid crystal, PDLC, electro-chromic materials, twisting balls, toner or the like can be used. 
     Electronic Apparatus 
     Next, a case where the electrophoretic display device (the optical recording display device and the electro-optical device) according to the above embodiments is applied to electronic apparatuses will be described. 
       FIG. 32  is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of an electronic paper  1100 . The electronic paper  1100  includes the electrophoretic display device according to the embodiments in a display section  1101 . The electronic paper  1100  has a flexible property and is formed of a main body  1102  made of a rewritable sheet having the same texture and flexibility as paper in the related art. 
       FIG. 33  is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of an electronic note  1200 . The electronic note  1200  has the plurality of pieces of electronic paper  1100  which is bundled and is covered with a cover  1201 . The cover  1201  includes a display data input means (not shown) for receiving display data transmitted from an external apparatus, for example. Thus, according to the display data, in a state where the electronic paper is bundled, a displayed content can be changed or updated. 
     According to the electronic paper  1100  and the electronic note  1200  as described above, since the electrophoretic display device according to the above embodiments is employed, there is provided an electronic apparatus including the optical recording display means which is configured to be easily resettable with a simplified configuration. 
     The above described electronic apparatuses are examples of electronic apparatuses according to the embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the technical scope of the present invention. For example, the electrophoretic display device (optical recording display device) according to the embodiments of the present invention can be suitably applied to a display section of electronic apparatuses such as a mobile phone or mobile audio device. 
     The present invention is not limited to the above described embodiments or the modified examples. That is, a variety of additions, omissions, substitutions or other modifications may fall within a range without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The present invention is not limited by the above description, but is limited by the appended claims. 
     The entire disclosure of Japanese Patent Application Nos: 2009-153818, filed Jun. 29, 2009 and 2009-259846, filed Nov. 13, 2009 are expressly incorporated by reference herein.