Patent Publication Number: US-10306912-B2

Title: Food product coating apparatus for panko crumb and the like

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO PROVISIONAL APPLICATION(S) 
     This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/866,596, filed Aug. 16, 2013, the foregoing disclosure for which is incorporated herein by this reference thereto. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention relates to commercial-scale food product coating apparatus and, more particularly, to coating apparatus adapted for a high-moisture content, gauzy coating material such as and without limitation Panko-style, Japanese-introduced bread crumb. 
     On the date accessed as given next, the online encyclopedia “Wikepedia” had an article on what is Panko. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panko (accessed Jan. 5, 2012). It recites in part:
         Panko is a variety of flaky bread crumb used in Japanese cuisine as a crunchy coating for fried foods, such as tonkatsu. Panko is made from bread baked by passing an electric current through the dough, yielding bread without crusts, and it has a crisper, airier texture than most types of breading found in Western cuisine. Outside Japan, it is becoming more popular for use in Asian and non-Asian dishes, is often used on fish and seafood, and is often available in Asian markets and specialty stores. Increasingly, it is also available in many large supermarkets. Panko is produced worldwide, particularly in Asian countries, including Japan, Korea, Thailand, China, and Vietnam.       

     From the perspective of a long-experienced designer of commercial-scale coating apparatus for food products (eg., the inventor hereof), there are many more things to say about Panko than just that. 
     To date, food product coating material for commercial-scale food process lines has typically been either a substantially dry particulate (eg., flour, spices, desiccated bread crumbs, mixtures thereof and the like) or else a substantially thick viscous fluid (eg., batter). A machine which can handle one typically cannot handle the other. For example, contrast food coating apparatus for dry particulate, such as:—
     U.S. Pat. No. 6,158,332—Convertible drum-type coating apparatus (Nothum, Sr., et al.), or   U.S. Pat. No. 7,231,885—Food coating and compressor apparatus (Nothum, Jr., et al.),
 
to food coating apparatus for batter, such as:—
   U.S. Pat. No. 6,510,810—Convertible combination batter mixer and applicator machine (Nothum, Sr., et al.).
 
Along with U.S. Pat. No. 6,305,274—Fryer for Food Process Lines (Nothum, Sr., et al.), the foregoing patent disclosures are incorporated herein in full by this reference thereto.
   

     Panko—as a coating material—has properties which distinguish it greatly from both dry particulate (on one extreme) and thick viscous fluids (at the other extreme). Panko poses several challenges for the designer of commercial-scale food coating apparatus. In the spectrum of coating materials between dry particulate and thick viscous fluids, it definitely lies in the middle:—in a class by itself. 
     Panko somewhat resembles in appearance and gauziness something like loose-fill blown-in insulation, except Panko has a high moisture content. Put differently, Panko is like a lot of smallish cotton tufts, except (again), Panko has a high moisture content. The freshest Panko has moisture contents of anywhere from about 40 to 50% (forty to fifty percent). It can be squished easily into doughy cakes or lumps. However, Panko can be dried to reduce its moisture content. 
     And it is believed that the prior art solutions to handling Panko-like materials in commercial food product coating apparatus have done just that. That is, Panko was dried in an oven or otherwise dried to get the moisture content down to where the material will run through a machine which is substantially designed for a dry particulate coating material. 
     Properly fresh and moist Panko (wet Panko) will not run through such machines. Indeed, fresh moist Panko will clog up both kinds of machines which are conventionally designed for (i) coating with dry particulate or, at the other extreme (ii) coating with a thick viscous fluid (batter). 
     For dry particulate material, the inventor hereof ordinarily prefers to design conveyors with either (1) open wire mesh construction, or else (2) drag-link construction. For an example of open wire mesh construction, see U.S. Pat. No. 6,305,274—Nothum, Sr., et al., and FIG. 6 therein. For an example of drag-link construction, see U.S. Pat. No. 6,158,332—Nothum, Sr., et al., and FIG. 4 therein. 
     With either conveyor construction, and when motivating dry particulate material in the direction of conveyance, both those kinds of conveyors typically have their coating-material motivating runs scraping over a solid support panel. Dry particulate material is easily conveyed by such conveyor constructions. 
     The problem with Panko and Panko-like materials for open wire mesh construction is the following. That is, Panko will stick fast to the underlying support panel. Then the Panko builds its own ramp. Pretty soon, the wire mesh belt is running on top of the mound of Panko—and not directly scraping across the underlying support panel. 
     Again, an accretion of Panko gets in between the belt and the underlying support panel, and this frustrates the purpose of the wire mesh belts. Belts can become over-tensioned to the point of overwhelming the drive power of the motors or drive transmission components. Also, the mound of Panko does not clean off easy. It cleans off as difficult as plaster, posing concerns for sanitary standards. 
     The other conveyor option for dry particulate material is typically drag-link conveyors, which have open cells (or pockets). If Panko were run through a drag-link conveyor, it would gum up the inside niche of each of the open cells (or pockets). The stuck and drying Panko would form a cemented solid inside each such niche of each cell or pocket. That might not only cripple the machine, but also the gummed-in Panko would be difficult to clean out. The machine would be inoperable again, and unsanitary as well. 
     Fluid handling apparatus are, needless to say, fluid handling apparatus. See, eg., U.S. Pat. No. 6,510,810—Convertible combination batter mixer and applicator machine (Nothum, Sr., et al.). For fluid handling apparatus, there are plumbing conduits with elbows and valves:—elements which pose a possible place for flowing semi-solids that readily squish, to squish so, and let their moisture content squeeze out. Thereafter, the squished semi-solid silts up, gums up, and, hardens. Panko does just that. Panko is not a fluid. 
     What is needed is a coating apparatus for food product which accommodates substantially most of the challenges of handling a coating material like Panko, which is neither a dry particulate nor else a fluid (however thick). 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The objects of and problems to be solved by the invention are provided according to a food product coating apparatus characterized by and without limitation a main conveyor, a coating-material spreading system for spreading coating material across the main conveyor, and a coating-material recirculation system for recirculating excess-coating material taken away by discharged food product as a coating layer thereon. 
     The main conveyor is elongated along a longitudinal food-product flow direction between an intake end and a discharge end, and comprises an endless belt having a food-product carrying run and a return run. The coating-material spreading system spreads coating material over the food-product carrying run of the main conveyor. The recirculation system collects excess-coating material spilling over the discharge end of the main conveyor and returns the excess-coating material to the coating-material spreading system. 
     It is an aspect of the invention that the endless belt of the main conveyor comprises a web of solid material. Preferably the solid web material comprises food grade conveyor belt reinforced with KEVLAR® cord. 
     Preferably the coating-material spreading system comprises a first coating-material loading system for loading excess-coating material transversely across the food-product carrying run of the main conveyor proximate the intake end, and, a second coating-material loading system for sprinkling excess-coating material transversely across the food-product carrying run of the main conveyor between the first coating-material loading system and the discharge end of the main conveyor. Given the foregoing, a food-product inflow conveyor is adapted to transfer an inflow of food product to the food-product carrying run of the main conveyor between the first and second coating-material loading systems. 
     More preferable still, the second coating-material loading system comprises a top-coat sprinkling conveyor comprising a transverse support plate and a plurality of laterally-spaced, longitudinally-elongated paddles circulating in an endless orbit with not only a coating-material motivating run where the paddles scrape across the support plate but also a return run. The support plate has a transverse edge over which coating material sprinkles down onto the food-product carrying run of the conveyor. 
     Correspondingly, the first coating-material loading system comprises bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor comprising a transverse support plate and a plurality of laterally-spaced, longitudinally-elongated paddles circulating in an endless orbit with not only a coating-material motivating run where the paddles scrape across the support plate of the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor but also a return run. The support plate of the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor likewise has a transverse edge over which coating material sprinkles down onto the food-product carrying run of the conveyor. 
     It is another aspect of the invention that the food-product carrying run of the main conveyor comprises a steeply-inclined food-product introduction portion in between the first and second coating-material loading systems, which is where the inflow conveyor transfers food product onto the food-product carrying run. 
     The steeply-inclined food-product introduction portion of the food-product carrying run of the main conveyor transitions at a transition into a tail portion that extends from the transition to the discharge end of the main conveyor. The tail portion is also inclined but at a shallower slope of climb than the than the steeply-inclined food-product introduction portion. It is a design option to have the tail portion and elongated, but, it does reduce the elevation differential between lowest elevation of the recirculation system below the discharge end of the main conveyor and the highest elevation of the coating-material loading systems. In other words, extending the tail portion and continuing to have it rise reduces the work of the recirculation system. 
     The recirculation system preferably comprises a transverse collection trough underneath the discharge end of the main conveyor for collection of falling excess-coating material. It further preferably comprises a collection-trough conveyor elongated transversely between an intake end and a discharge end, and comprising an endless belt having an excess-coating material run and a return run. It is a further aspect of the invention that the endless belt of the collection-trough conveyor also comprises a web of solid material. 
     Wherein, the excess-coating material run collection-trough conveyor is inclined to rise in elevation from the intake end thereof to the discharge end, whereby changing the elevation differential between the discharge end of the collection-trough conveyor and the coating-material loading systems for reducing the work of the recirculation system. 
     Another aspect of the recirculation system involves left and right transverse collection troughs aligned in a transverse row underneath the discharge end of the main conveyor in for collection of falling excess-coating material. There are, moreover, left and right collection-trough conveyors for the left and right collection troughs respectively, each of which collection-trough conveyors is elongated transversely between an intake end and a discharge end, and comprising an endless belt having an excess-coating material run and a return run. 
     It is still another aspect of the invention that endless belts of the collection-trough conveyors comprise a web of solid material. 
     Each of the excess-coating material runs of the left and right flanking return conveyors are inclined to rise in elevation from the intake end of the respective flanking return conveyor to the respective discharge end thereof, whereby changing the elevation differential between the discharge ends of the flanking return conveyors and the coating-material loading systems. 
     Correspondingly, each of the excess-coating material runs of the left and right collection-trough conveyors are inclined to rise in elevation from an inboard intake end of the respective collection-trough conveyor to an outboard discharge end thereof, whereby changing the elevation differential between the discharge ends of the collection-trough conveyors and the coating-material loading systems and thereby reducing the work of the recirculation system. 
     It is still another aspect of the invention that the inflow conveyor is cantilevered above the bottom-coat loading provision to introduce an inflow of food product onto the bottom-coated main conveyor between the transverse bottom-coat loading provision and the transverse top-coat sprinkling conveyor. 
     The food-product coating apparatus summarized above can be operable with just a single counter-flow return conveyor. The single return conveyor can feed the top-coat sprinkling conveyor, which in turn in part feeds the bottom-coat loading provision. 
     The split pair of collection troughs have their respective intake ends nearly abutted against each other under the mid-span of the discharge end of the main conveyor. They are aligned in a common transverse row, each transverse collecting conveyor carrying collected coating material outboard in opposite directions to the respective flanking conveyor. Preferably there is a peaked diverter disposed above the respective intake ends of the transverse collecting conveyors for diverting falling excess coating material onto one or the other of the transverse collecting conveyors. 
     Preferably the the inflow conveyor transfers food product onto the inclined introduction portion of the main conveyor. The the top-coat sprinkling provision is preferably positioned between the transition of the food-product carrying run of the main conveyor, and its discharge end. 
     The retreating transverse edge of the the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor&#39;s support plate preferably vanishes to nothing at the far sidewall, thereby fully discharging the entire charge of recirculated coating material onto the main conveyor. In contrast, the transverse retreating edge of the top-coat sprinkling conveyor&#39;s support plate preferably terminates with a remaining longitudinal length to it, forming a shelf about half the original width of the support plate. That way, any remaining recirculated coating material being motivated over the support plate thereby dumps into the flanking conveyor feeding the bottom coat provision. This aspect of the invention provides a design parameter whereby a designer can meter the measure of where more of the coating material is apportioned to the bottom coat than the top coat. 
     A number of additional features and objects will be apparent in connection with the following discussion of preferred embodiments and examples. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       There are shown in the drawings certain exemplary embodiments of the invention as presently preferred. It should be understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed as examples, and is capable of variation within the scope of the skills of a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains. In the drawings, 
         FIG. 1  is a perspective view of a food product coating apparatus in accordance with the invention for handling Panko crumb (ie., a Japanese-inspired bread crumb concoction) as the coating material, or else other Panko-like materials as well; 
         FIG. 2  is a perspective view, partly in schematic, showing select components of the food product coating apparatus of  FIG. 1  which are otherwise hidden from view by the stainless-steel plate housing therefor (which has been removed from this view), including:—
         the main food-product transit conveyor elongated between a food-product intake end and a coated food-product discharge end,   a bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor proximate the intake end thereof, and   a top-coat sprinkling conveyor more intermediate the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor and the discharge end thereof,
 
and then there is also:—
   an elongated compressor cylinder (shown in broken lines),   left and right, split, transverse collection-recirculation conveyors just below the discharge end of the main food-product transit conveyor,   left and right counter-flow return conveyors flanking the left and right sides of the main food-product transit conveyor (which are pretty much shown in broken lines),   an inflow conveyor (shown in broken lines), and   an outflow conveyor (shown in broken lines);       

         FIG. 3  is an enlarged-scale perspective view comparable to  FIG. 2  except showing in enlarged detail:—
         the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor,   portions of the main food-product transit conveyor proximate the intake end, and   portions of the right-side counter-flow feed conveyor proximate the discharge end thereof, and, which portions are proximate the intake end of the main conveyor;       

         FIG. 4  is a top plan view of  FIG. 3 , partly in section, and taken along line IV-IV in  FIG. 1 , which is through the axles of the rollers (or sprockets) of the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor such that the upper row of paddles removed from view; and 
         FIG. 5  is an enlarged scale end elevation view, taken in the direction of arrows V-V of  FIG. 2 , and partly in schematic like  FIG. 2  as well. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       FIG. 1  shows a food-product coating apparatus  10  in accordance with the invention for handling Panko crumb (ie., a Japanese-inspired bread crumb concoction) as the coating material  12 , or else other Panko-like materials as well. 
     The apparatus  10  comprises a stainless steel plate housing  14  that is elongated between an inflow end for food product  16  which is incoming for coating, and, an outflow end discharging coated-food product  18 . The food-product inflow end receives an inflow of food product  16 , typically from conveyors of upline process machines (not shown). The coated-food product outflow end discharges an outflow of coated-food product  18  (and typically to conveyors of downline process machines, also not shown). Needless to say, coating operations take place between the two ends (and inside the housing  14 ). 
     In use, said apparatus  10  is periodically re-charged with a load of coating material  12 , as indicated in  FIG. 1 . The re-charging operation need not be continuous. Indeed, the apparatus  10  is designed to operate on batch charging. That is, at any given moment, only a very minor fraction of the coating material  12  is exiting the apparatus  10  as a coating layer on the outflow of coated-food product  18 . Typically, the major fraction of the coating material  12  is re-circulated over and over inside said apparatus  10  to give the recirculated coating material  12  a renewed chance at becoming a coating layer on the outflow of coated-food product  18 . 
     Once the apparatus  10  is fully charged (or nearly so), said apparatus  10  constantly recirculates the coating material  12  inside itself. Again, only a very minor fraction of the coating material  12  is exiting the apparatus  10  at any given time, as in the form of a coating layer on the coated-food product  18 . Nevertheless, after enough elapse of time, the charge of coating material  12  in the apparatus  10  will deplete slowly to near depletion. Then, the apparatus  10  requires recharging. Nevertheless, the apparatus  10  is designed for operating without attention for fairly long intervals of time between necessary rechargings. It is an object of the invention that this apparatus  10  need not be attended by an ever-vigilant overseer. That is, this apparatus  10  is designed to run on its own for a long interval of time. Still, it will need recharging now and then. A control system with fill-level sensors or timers can provide alarms or indicators and the like. 
     A constant inflow of food product  16  is supplied to the apparatus  10  typically by upline conveyors (not shown) that transfer the flow of food product  16  onto an inflow conveyor  22  for the apparatus  10 . The inflow conveyor  22  preferably comprises without limitation an endless belt configuration of conventional open wire mesh construction. See, eg., U.S. Pat. No. 6,305,274—Nothum, Sr., et al., and  FIG. 6  therein. The inflow conveyor  22  is elongated between an intake end ( FIG. 1  hereof) and a discharge end ( FIG. 2  hereof). The inflow conveyor  22  furthermore has an upper food-product carrying run and a lower return run. 
     Similarly, coated-food product  18  exits said apparatus  10  on an outflow conveyor arrangement  24 . Various arrangements are possible. The outflow conveyor arrangement  24  might comprise a plurality of conveyors arranged in a series to form short vertical drops for the coated-food product  18  (see, eg.,  FIG. 1  hereof, but also see U.S. Pat. No. 6,158,332—Nothum, Sr., et al., and  FIG. 2  therein). 
     The purpose of the short drops is to shake off excess coating material  12  on the coated-food product  18  that is not firmly adhered to the coating layer as a whole. Alternatively, the outflow conveyor arrangement  24  might comprise a single conveyor. See, eg., U.S. Pat. No. 7,231,885—Nothum, Sr., et al., and  FIG. 1  therein. The outflow conveyor  24  might be with a thumper or vibrator, so as to give the coated-food product  18  a bumpy ride. Which is for the same purpose of knocking off excess coating material  12 . And so on, there being various designs for shaking excess coating material  12  off the coated-food product  18 , and keeping the shaken off coating material  12  within the confines of a recirculation system within said apparatus  10  (see, eg.,  FIG. 2  hereof). 
     Assuming the outflow conveyor arrangement is a single conveyor, the outflow conveyor  24  preferably comprises without limitation an endless belt configuration of conventional open wire mesh construction. See, eg., U.S. Pat. No. 6,305,274—Nothum, Sr., et al., and  FIG. 6  therein. The outflow conveyor  24  is elongated between an intake end ( FIG. 2  hereof) and a discharge end ( FIG. 1  hereof). The outflow conveyor  24  furthermore has an upper food-product carrying run and a lower return run. 
     As said, the outflow conveyor  24  is preferably an endless belt of open wire mesh construction, and having an upper food-product carrying run and lower return run. The shaken-off excess coating material  12  can simply sift through both the upper and lower runs, and be collected by components in accordance with the invention more particularly described below. 
     Ultimately, the outflow conveyor  24  transfers the coated-food product  18  to succeeding downline processes (not shown). 
       FIG. 2  shows select components of the food product coating apparatus  10  of  FIG. 1  which are otherwise hidden from view by the stainless-steel plate housing  14  therefor. These select components include:—
         the main food-product transit conveyor  20  elongated between a food-product intake end  26  and a coated food-product discharge end  28 ,   a bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32  proximate the intake end thereof, and   a top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34  intermediate the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32  and the discharge end  28  thereof,
 
and then there is also:—
   an elongated compressor cylinder  36  (shown in broken lines),   left and right, split, transverse collection conveyors  42  just below the discharge end  28  of the main food-product transit conveyor  20 ,   left and right counter-flow return conveyors  44  flanking the left and right sides of the main food-product transit conveyor  20  (pretty much shown in broken lines),   an inflow conveyor  22  (shown in broken lines), and   an outflow conveyor  24  (shown in broken lines).
 
Of the foregoing, the following conveyors preferably are endless belts of solid web material, namely:—
   the main food-product transit conveyor  20 ,   the left and right, split, transverse collection conveyors  42 , and   the left and right counter-flow return conveyors  44  flanking the left and right sides of the main food-product transit conveyor  20 .       

     The open wire mesh construction inflow conveyor  22 , and, the open wire mesh construction outflow conveyor  24  are shown in  FIG. 2  in broken lines. But again, their open wire mesh construction is in high contrast to the solid web belts. 
     The main food-product transit conveyor  20  comprises an endless belt of a solid web material having an upper food-product carrying run and a lower return run. The upper food-product carrying run has a relatively steeply-inclined food-product introduction portion  46 . The food-product introduction portion  46  transitions into longitudinally-elongated tail portion  48 . It is a design preference but without being limited to the preference that the tail portion  48  is also inclined, albeit at a much shallower climb angle. Without limitation, the tail portion  48  could also be level or run-out at a shallow decline, or do anything else, like valleys and ridges. One of the design aspects of the tail portion  48  is to give said apparatus  10  sufficient longitudinal length for the functioning of the recirculation system in accordance with the invention. 
     To revisit the relatively steeply-inclined food-product introduction portion  46 , this is an aspect of the invention which Panko coating material  12  allows but probably dry particulate coating material  12  probably would not. And, the higher the moisture content of the Panko, perhaps even the steeper the angle the introduction portion  46  can be inclined. In other words, there is almost an inherent glue-like quality of Panko that is absent in dry particulate. Panko tends to self adhere to the slope. 
     In  FIG. 2 , the open wire mesh inflow conveyor  22  is cantilevered over the intake end  26  of the main conveyor  20 , and, is cantilevered over as well the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32 . That is, the inflow conveyor  22  is cantilevered above the elevation of the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32 . The discharge end of the inflow conveyor  22  discharges food product  16  onto the bottom-coated main conveyor  20  approximately near the transition between the steeply-inclined food-product introduction portion  46 , and, the tail portion  48 . 
     In  FIG. 2 , the discharge end  28  of the main conveyor  20  transfers coated-food product  18  onto the intake end of the outflow conveyor  24 . The outflow conveyor  24  might be provided with a vibrator (not shown, but refer to U.S. Pat. No. 6,158,332—Nothum, Sr., et al.). The purpose would be to initially give the coated-food product  18  a bumpy ride to shake off loosely clinging Panko coating material  12 . 
     In this configuration, the main conveyor  20  and outflow conveyor  24  form a seam where the major fraction of excess coating material  12  can pour through and land in a pair of left and right collection troughs  52  (shown in  FIG. 5 ). A minor fraction of excess coating material  12  will be shaken off coat-food product over the span of the near margin to the intake end of the outflow conveyor  24 . That minor fraction of excess coating material  12  will sift through the open wire mesh outflow conveyor  24  and also land in the collection troughs  52 . An altogether different minor fraction of coating material  12  optimally winds up being a successful coating layer on coated-food product  18 . And, it optimally stays there until it can be set by frying or baking by further downline process (which are not shown). 
       FIG. 5  is an end elevational view of the food product coating apparatus  10  in accordance with the invention for handling Panko or Panko-like materials as the coating material  12 . This view shows the discharge end  28  of the main conveyor  20 . 
     In accordance with one preferred embodiment, the main conveyor  20  is approximately four feet ( ˜ 1.2 m) wide. The main conveyor  20  is an endless belt and in these views, the main conveyor  20  changes direction around a nose roller at the discharge end  28  such that an upper run (which is the food-product carrying run) returns via a lower return run to another nose roller (not in view, but see  FIG. 2 ) at the intake  26  end of the main conveyor  20 . 
     Staying in  FIG. 5 , the main conveyor  20  is flanked by low sidewalls  54  for keeping the coating material  12  confined on the food-product carrying run of the main conveyor  20 . The major fraction of the excess coating material  12  rolls over the edge of the discharge end  28  of the main conveyor  20 , and pours into either the left or right collection troughs  52  underneath the edge of the discharge end. Moreover, a minor fraction of excess coating material  12  not adhering to the outflowing coated-food product  18  will sift through the open mesh wire outflow conveyor  24  and furthermore into the collection troughs  52 . The collection troughs  52  are spaced apart in the lateral center by a gap. The gap is spanned by inverted-V shaped partition  56 . Panko falling onto that partition  56  are diverted into either the left or right collection troughs  52 . 
     Installed inside each collection trough  52  is one of the split, transverse collection conveyors  42 . Each transverse collection conveyor  42  is an elongate endless belt extending between an inboard intake end and an outboard discharge end. Each transverse collection conveyor  42  has an upper excess-coating material  12  carrying run and a lower return run. Moreover, the transverse collection conveyors  42  are preferably and without limitation about six inches ( ˜ 15 cm) wide. 
       FIGS. 2 and 5  show the split arrangement of the transverse collection conveyors  42 . They are arranged in a wide and flattened V-shape. The left transverse collection conveyor  42  (right side in this view) feeds the left flanking counter-flow return conveyor  44 , and a right one vice versa. 
       FIG. 5  is an enlarged-scale view showing the left and right idle rollers for the left and right split, transverse collection conveyors  42 . The discharge end of the right transverse circulation conveyor  42  discharges recirculated-excess coating into the the right-side flanking counter-flow return conveyor  44 , proximate the intake end thereof. Again and as mentioned previously, this right-side flanking counter-flow return conveyor  44  ultimately discharges in and/or feeds recirculated-excess coating material  12  to the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32  as shown in  FIG. 2  and as shown better in  FIG. 3 or 4 . 
       FIG. 5  shows the main food-product transit conveyor  20  being flanked by a pair of left and right, counter-flow return conveyors  44  (the left-side flanking conveyor  44  is on the right side in these views, and vice versa for the right-side flanking conveyor  44 ). The flanking counter-flow conveyors  44  are preferably and without limitation about six inches ( ˜ 15 cm) wide, and sit in shallow stainless steel troughs  58  for them to contain the Panko from spilling off the sides. The tail portion  48  of the food-product carrying run of the main conveyor  20  climbs a shallow angle (eg., which is upwards as the main conveyor  20  approaches the discharge end  28 ). Again, the tail portion  48  might alternatively be—not an incline, but—level, or a decline, or else something other. Conversely, the flanking counter-flow conveyors  44  are tilted to climb relatively steeper angles, which is upwards as they recede into the background in  FIG. 5 , in order to get higher than the main conveyor  20  towards the intake end  26 . As  FIG. 2  shows, the right-side flanking conveyor  44  feeds recirculated coating material  12  back to the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32 . The left-side flanking conveyor  44  feeds recirculated coating material  12  back to the top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34 . Both sprinkling conveyors are suspended over the width of the main conveyor  20 . 
     It is an aspect of the invention that the main conveyor  20 , the split transverse collection conveyors  42 , and, the flanking left and right counter-flow return conveyors  44  in accordance with the invention are all preferably of solid web material construction. That way, the solid web material construction avoids the shortcomings of working with open wire mesh or drag link construction. 
       FIG. 2  shows the intake end  26  of the main conveyor  20  in accordance with the invention, as well as the pair of sprinkling (or sifting) conveyors. The upper sprinkling conveyor comprises the aforementioned top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34 . The lower conveyor comprises the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32 . The right-side flanking conveyor  44  feeds the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32  with recirculated-excess coating material  12 . The left-side flanking conveyor  44  feeds the top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34  with recirculated-excess coating material  12 . 
       FIG. 2  shows that the product-carrying run of the main conveyor  20  begins with the steep climb of food-product introduction portion  46 . The food-product introduction portion  46  climbs from underneath the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32  to a higher elevation but still underneath top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34 . The rest of the run for the product-carrying run (ie., the tail portion  48 ) shallows off to a shallow climb. Food product  16  is loaded onto the main conveyor  20  between the elevations of the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32  and the top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34 . 
       FIGS. 3 and 4  show how the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32  works, and is representative of how the top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34  works as well.  FIGS. 3 and 4  show that the right-side flanking conveyor  44  feeds the transverse bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32  with recirculated-excess coating material  12  (once again, the right-side flanking conveyor  44  is on the left side in these views). 
     The bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32  comprises an endless strand  62  elongated between an intake end  64  (left in the  FIGS. 3 and 4 ) and a discharge end  66  (right in  FIGS. 3 and 4 ). It is a non-exclusive design option that this endless strand  62  comprise a metal chain. Hence this chain  62  is driven in a transverse endless loop between the intake and discharge ends  64  and  66  thereof. 
     Attached to this chain  62  is a plurality of spaced paddles  68 . The paddles  68  extend between base ends attached by fixtures to the endless chain  62 , and, terminal free ends that point in the longitudinal direction of the flow of food product  16 . The paddles  68  travel transverse to the longitudinal flow of the food product  16  in an upper transverse return run and a lower coating-material motivating run. The chain  62  and paddles  68  make the turns where the upper run changes to become the lower run (and vice versa) at spaced rollers  72  (or sprockets). Hence the paddles  68  orbit in a squashed, transverse oval over the main conveyor  20 . 
     During the lower run (ie., the coating material-motivating run) the paddles  68  have bottom edges which scrape across a support plate  74 . During the return run, the paddles  68  are supported in mid-air at their mid-points by a transverse rib  76 . The support plate  74  has spaced transverse edges  82  and  84 . One transverse edge  82  is angled on a diagonal axis relative the longitudinal flow direction of food product  16 . That is, this angled transverse edge  82  recedes from a thickest width of the support plate  74  at the intake end  64  of the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32 , to the thinnest width of the support plate  74  at the discharge end  66  of the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32 . This is where the paddles  68  roll-up back around the roller  72  (or sprocket) proximate the discharge end  66  to continue transit in the upper run. 
     As  FIGS. 3 and 4  show better, the right-side flanking conveyor  44  has an upper discharge end elevated above the intake end  64  of the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32 , and proximate where the return run of the paddles turn around the roller  72  (or sprocket) which begins the paddles run as the lower, coating-material motivating run. This is also where the support plate  74  is widest. The right-side flanking conveyor  44  discharges recirculated coating material  12  onto the support plate  74 . The paddles  68  motivate the coating material  12  across the support plate  74  in virtual transverse lanes, as indicated by arrows  12  in  FIG. 4 . As the coating material  12  traveling in a given transverse lane intersect the receding transverse edge  82  of the support plate  74 , suddenly nothing is underneath the coating material  12 . And thus coating material  12  sprinkles down from the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32 , almost in a virtually continuous curtain across the width of the receding transverse edge  82 . 
     The far end of the support plate  74  vanishes to nothing, so that all the coating material  12  is dumped onto the main conveyor  20  below. 
     As  FIG. 2  shows, top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34  has a corresponding endless strand (eg., chain) and a plurality of paddles  86  which, during transit across a lower (and coating-material motivating) run, scrape across a counter-part support plate  88 . The endless strand for these paddles  86  also extends between an intake end and discharge end, but the intake end of the top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34  is on the left-side of the main conveyor  20 . The top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34  runs in a counter-rotational direction relative to the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32 . Its support plate  88  likewise has a receding transverse edge over which coating material  12  spills in a virtual continuous curtain. But the receding edge of this support plate  88  does not intersect with its counter-part transverse. The receding edge of this support plate  88  does not terminate in a sharp point with its counter-part transverse edge at about the discharge end of the top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34 . 
     Instead, the retreating transverse edge of this support plate  88  for the top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34  only narrows in to the spaced transverse edge at about half the angle as with the support plate  74  bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32 . Hence the receding edge of the support plate  88  of the top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34  does not actually intersect the counter-part spaced away transverse edges. Conversely, the two transverse edges for this support plate  88  terminate at the discharge end of the top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34  and, as a result, form an abbreviated shelf. 
     The abbreviated shelf for this support plate  88  is only about half the width of the support plate  88  where it is widest (which is at the intake end of the top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34 ). 
     So the coating-material motivating run of the top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34  does not reach the discharge end to where the support plate  88  vanished to nothing. To the contrary, about half the width of the support plate  88  remains. Correspondingly, about half the flow of coating material  12  supplied to the top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34  gets dumped into the trough  58  for the right-side flanking conveyor  44 , which in turn feeds the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32 . 
     With the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32 , it is a design aspect that the support plate  74  vanishes to nothing proximate the discharge end so that the entire load of coating material  12  is sprinkled onto the main conveyor  20 . It is another design preference that the distribution of coating material  12  is rather evenly distributed across the whole width of the main conveyor  20 . It is a further design preference that there is no coating material  12  left on the support plate  74  at the discharge end  66  of the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor so that coating-material is not driven against and compacted into a far sidewall. However, with the top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34 , it is a contrasting design aspect to save some of the original feed of coating material  12  from the left-side flanking conveyor  44  for feeding into the trough  58  for the right-side flanking conveyor  44 . 
     This provides a design capability of metering what relative percentages of the coating material  12  in the overall recirculation loop are fed to the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32  versus the top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34 . Look at  FIG. 5 , it can be assumed that half the excess-coating material  12  is going to land in the left transverse collection conveyor  42 , and the other half in the right transverse collection conveyor  42 . Each left and right transverse collection conveyor  42  discharges all of its load onto the left and right flanking conveyors  44  respectively. So initially, at least near their intake ends, the flanking conveyors  44  are carrying equal loads of the coating material in the overall recirculation loop of about one-half each. 
     However, the top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34  is actually going to sprinkle only one half of its delivered load of coating material  12  onto the main conveyor  20 . The top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34  will pass-through the other half of its delivered load of coating material  12  to the opposite side trough  58  that has the counter-flow conveyor  44  feeding the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32 . Needless to say, half of a half is a quarter. In consequence, the top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34  is only sprinkling about a quarter of the total load of the excess-recirculated coating material  12  in the overall recirculation loop; the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32 , about three-quarters. 
     In use, the bottom-coat sprinkling conveyor  32  lays down a bottom-coat of coating material  12  on the steeply-inclined introduction portion  46  of the food-product carrying run of the main conveyor  20 . Food product  16  is introduced on top of the bottom-coat of coating material  12  before the product-carrying run of the main conveyor  20  transits underneath the top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34 . Preferably, the product-carrying run of the main conveyor  20  has preferably transited past the transition to the tail portion  48 . The particular food product  16  can be many things, from meat products (chicken, beef, pork, fish and shellfish) to vegetables and so on:—including not just potatoes but from eggplant to everything. When the food product  16  lands on the bottom coat, the food product  16  picks up a bottom coat. Thus the partially-coated food product  18  flows underneath the top-coat sprinkling conveyor  34  where, after that experience, the coated-food product  18  shall be fairly thoroughly coated in all three-dimensions of its surface. The compressor cylinder  36  is disposed to roll over the coated-food product  18  and slightly press in the coating layer. 
     As described above, the discharge end  28  of main conveyor  20  is disposed above a pair of split collection troughs  52  for catching the dropped-off or knocked-off excess coating material  12 . The outflow conveyor  24  has an open wire mesh construction. Coated-food product  18  is transferred from the main conveyor  20  to the outflow conveyor  24 , forming a seam above the split collection troughs  52  of the transverse collection conveyors  42 . 
     Excess coating material  12  not adhering to outflowing coated-food product  18  drops through seam, or else a knocked off fraction of the coating material  12  sifts through the open wire mesh of the outflow conveyor  24 , and into one or the other of the collection troughs  52 . 
     And so on, whereby the intended mode of operating has the excess coating material  12  being constantly recirculated in split recirculation loops without a fresh recharging, until the coating material  12  in the overall recirculation loop (ie., the sum of coating material in the split loops) is nearly depleted. 
     The invention having been disclosed in connection with the foregoing variations and examples, additional variations will now be apparent to persons skilled in the art. The invention is not intended to be limited to the variations specifically mentioned, and accordingly reference should be made to the appended claims rather than the foregoing discussion of preferred examples, to assess the scope of the invention in which exclusive rights are claimed.