Patent Publication Number: US-2021162914-A1

Title: Variable beam pattern lamp system for driver and control method thereof

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application claims priority from and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2019-0159271, filed on Dec. 3, 2019, which is hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes as if set forth herein. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Field 
     Exemplary embodiments relate to a variable beam pattern lamp system for a driver and a control method thereof, and more particularly, relates to a variable beam pattern lamp system for a driver to obtain identifiable personal information of the driver and actively provide a beam pattern suitable for the driver and a control method thereof. 
     Discussion of the Background 
     In general, light devices are provided in a vehicle to safely ensure the visibility of a driver when surrounding illumination is low while driving. A light emitting diode (LED) head lamp, which uses an LED as a light source of a head lamp, among the light devices has been developed. 
     Herein, the LED is a diode which emits excess energy as light, when injected electrons and holes are recombined, which includes a red LED, a green LED, and the like and is mainly used as a light source by taking advantage of low voltage or small power. 
     Particularly, an LED array is a kind of light source formed by mounting a plurality of LEDs, which is possible to directly implement various beam patterns by selectively turning on a plurality of LEDs. 
     Thus, the LED array may be effectively used to implement various beam patterns by being applied to a head lamp and a rear lamp of the vehicle. 
     However, because a conventional LED head lamp provides only a fixed beam pattern lamp function, such as low, high, rear, and signal functions, it is difficult to change a current beam pattern to a beam pattern suitable for the driver and there is a limitation in providing a beam pattern suitable for a situation. 
     The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the invention and, therefore, it may contain information that does not constitute prior art. 
     SUMMARY 
     An aspect of the inventive concepts provides a variable beam pattern lamp system for a driver to obtain identifiable personal information of a driver and actively provide a beam pattern suitable for the driver, which improves safety by distinguishing a registered user who uses his or her own vehicle from an unspecified unregistered user who does not want to open his or her personal information and providing an optimal pattern in which user information such as an age, a gender, a fatigue level, or a mood state of the driver, is reflected and improves marketability and convenience by obtaining real-time information of the driver and controlling a beam pattern suitable for a situation, and a method thereof. 
     The technical problems to be solved by the inventive concept are not limited to the aforementioned problems, and any other technical problems not mentioned herein will be clearly understood from the following description by those skilled in the art to which the inventive concepts pertains. 
     According to an aspect of the inventive concepts, a variable beam pattern lamp system for a driver may include an input device that receives personal information of the driver, a lamp driving device that drives an indoor or outdoor lamp of a vehicle to output a beam pattern matched to the driver, based on the personal information of the driver, the personal information being input through the input device, and a vehicle controller that determines whether the personal information is registered driver information or unregistered driver information, when the personal information of the driver is input through the input device, and controls the lamp driving device to drive the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle to output beam patterns respectively corresponding to that the personal information is the registered driver information and that the personal information is the unregistered driver information. 
     In an embodiment, the input device may include an image capture device that captures an image of a face of the driver and a fingerprint sensing device that obtains fingerprint information of the driver. 
     In an embodiment, the input device may further include a wireless communication device configured to receive information of a wireless device of the driver. 
     In an embodiment, the input device may further include a weather sensing device configured to collect weather information. 
     In an embodiment, the input device may further include a selection input device configured to receive a selection of a beam pattern of the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle from the driver. 
     In an embodiment, the beam pattern matched to the driver may be differently provided according to an age, a gender, a fatigue level, or a mood state of the driver. 
     In an embodiment, the beam pattern matched to the driver may be differently provided based on a brightness, a color temperature, or a short or long range of light. 
     In an embodiment, the vehicle controller may determine whether the personal information of the driver is driver information stored in an external server, when the personal information of the driver, the personal information being input through the input device, is the is unregistered driver information. 
     According to another aspect of the inventive concepts, a method for controlling a variable beam pattern lamp for a driver may include receiving, by an input device, personal information of the driver, determining, by a vehicle controller, whether the personal information is registered driver information or unregistered driver information, when the personal information of the driver is input through the input device, and controlling, by the vehicle controller, a lamp driving device to drive an indoor or outdoor lamp of a vehicle to output beam patterns respectively corresponding to that the personal information is the registered driver information and that the personal information is the unregistered driver information, and driving, by the lamp driving device being controlled by the vehicle controller, the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle to output a beam pattern matched to the driver. 
     In an embodiment, the receiving of the personal information of the driver may include capturing, by an image capture device, an image of a face of the driver or obtaining, by a fingerprint sensing device, fingerprint information of the driver. 
     In an embodiment, the receiving of the personal information of the driver may further include receiving, by a wireless communication device, information of a wireless device of the driver. 
     In an embodiment, the receiving of the personal information of the driver may further include collecting, by a weather sensing device, weather information. 
     In an embodiment, the receiving of the personal information of the driver may is further include receiving, by a selection input device, a selection of a beam pattern of the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle. 
     In an embodiment, the determining whether the personal information is the registered driver information or the unregistered driver information may include determining, by the vehicle controller, whether the personal information of the driver is driver information stored in an external server, when the personal information of the driver, the personal information being input through the input device, is the unregistered driver information. 
     In an embodiment, the driving of the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle may include differently providing the beam pattern matched to the driver depending on an age, a gender, a fatigue level, or a mood state of the driver. 
     In an embodiment, the driving of the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle may include differently providing the beam pattern matched to the driver depending on a brightness, a color temperature, or a short or long range of light. 
     It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention, and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. 
         FIG. 1  is a block diagram illustrating a variable beam pattern lamp system for a driver according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts; 
         FIG. 2  is a drawing illustrating a beam pattern output by a variable beam pattern lamp system for a driver according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts; 
         FIG. 3  is a drawing illustrating a selection input in a variable beam pattern lamp system for a driver according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts; and 
         FIG. 4  is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling a variable beam pattern lamp for a driver according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENTS 
     The invention is described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments of the invention are illustrated. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure is thorough, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Like reference numerals in the drawings denote like elements. 
     Hereinafter, some embodiments of the inventive concepts will be described in detail with reference to the exemplary drawings. In adding the reference numerals to the components of each drawing, it should be noted that the identical or equivalent component is designated by the identical numeral even when they are displayed on other drawings. Further, in describing the embodiment of the inventive concepts, a detailed description of well-known features or functions will be ruled out in order not to unnecessarily obscure the gist of the inventive concepts. 
     In describing the components of the embodiment according to the inventive concepts, terms such as first, second, “A”, “B”, (a), (b), and the like may be used. These terms are merely intended to distinguish one component from another component, and the terms do not limit the nature, sequence or order of the constituent components. Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the inventive concepts pertains. Such terms as those defined in a generally used dictionary are to be interpreted as having meanings equal to the contextual meanings in the relevant field of art, and are not to be interpreted as having ideal or excessively formal meanings unless clearly defined as having such in the present application. 
     Hereinafter, embodiments of the inventive concepts will be described in detail with reference to  FIGS. 1 to 3 . 
       FIG. 1  is a block diagram illustrating a variable beam pattern lamp system for a driver according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts.  FIG. 2  is a drawing illustrating a beam pattern output by a variable beam pattern lamp system for a driver according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts.  FIG. 3  is a drawing illustrating a selection input in a variable beam pattern lamp system for a driver according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
     Referring to  FIG. 1 , the variable beam pattern lamp system for the driver according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts may be configured to include an input device  100 , a vehicle controller  300 , a lamp driving device  500 , and a storage unit  700 . 
     The input device  100  may be configured to include a wireless communication device  110 , an image capture device  130 , a fingerprint sensing device  150 , a weather sensing device  170 , and a selection input device  190 . 
     The wireless communication device  110  may receive information of a wireless device, such as a smartphone or a smart watch, of the driver. When the driver approaches a vehicle to ride in the vehicle, the wireless communication device  110  may perform short-range communication with the smartphone or the smart watch to recognize the approaching of the driver. The wireless communication device  110  may include a long term evolution (LTE) mode, a fifth generation (5G) mode, a Bluetooth mode, a wireless-fidelity (Wi-Fi) mode, or the like. 
     The wireless communication device  110  may deliver a driver recognition notification to the vehicle controller  300 . The vehicle controller  300  may control the lamp driving device  500  to turn on a welcome lamp before the driver rides in the vehicle to welcome the driver. 
     The image capture device  130  and the fingerprint sensing device  150  may receive personal information of the driver. The image capture device  130  may capture an image of the driver to perform face recognition and/or iris recognition, after the driver sits in the vehicle. The fingerprint sensing device  150  may obtain fingerprint information of the driver. 
     When the fingerprint information of the driver is input through the fingerprint sensing device  150 , the vehicle controller  300  may determine whether the input fingerprint information is registered driver information or unregistered driver information, and may control the lamp driving device  500  to drive an indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle to output beam patterns respectively corresponding to the input fingerprint information being the registered driver information and that the input fingerprint information is the unregistered driver information. 
     When the driver is a registered driver such as the owner of the vehicle and inputs his or her fingerprint through the fingerprint sensing device  150 , the vehicle controller  300  may fetch previously registered information from the storage  700  about the driver in relation to vehicle settings and provide the lamp driving device  500  with predetermined beam pattern information. The vehicle controller  300  may control the lamp driving device  500  such that the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle outputs the predetermined beam pattern. 
     Subsequently, the vehicle controller  300  may identify a current state of the driver using biometric information of the driver, such as face recognition information or iris recognition information of the driver, by way of the image capture device  130  and may control the lamp driving device  500  such that the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle outputs a beam pattern to suit the current state of the driver. Thus, although the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle outputs the predetermined beam pattern by the registered driver, it may change and output the predetermined beam pattern to a beam pattern suitable for the current state of the driver, depending on the current state of the driver, which is identified using the biometric information of the driver, such as face recognition information or iris recognition information of the driver. 
     The lamp driving device  500  may drive the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle to output a predetermined beam pattern to the driver under control of the vehicle controller  300 , based on the personal information of the driver, which is input through the input device  100 . 
     To output a beam pattern matched to the driver, the lamp driving device  500  may control the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle to suit the current state of the driver in real time by obtaining body information, such as an age, a gender, a fatigue level, a mood state, or a drowsy state of the driver. As noted herein, when it is identified that the driver is in a drowsy state using face recognition and iris recognition, the lamp driving device  500  may control the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle to deliver risk information according to drowsiness to the driver and a surrounding vehicle in the form of light. 
     For example, when it is identified that the driver is in a drowsy state, such as by a driver&#39;s eyelids being partially closed for a predetermined amount of time, the lamp driving device  500  may control all of indoor or outdoor lamps, such as a head lamp, a rear lamp, and an indoor lamp, in the vehicle to blink or to be turned on at an abnormal period, such that a surrounding vehicle recognizes the drowsiness of the driver, but embodiments are not limited thereto. Other examples of a drowsy or non-normal state could be a driver&#39;s head moving from side to side or falling forward more than a predetermined threshold, or the like. Indoor lamps could also include lights near a user&#39;s feet, either driver side or passenger side. Lights on the console or dashboard, speaker lights, all of which could include variable color or white light. 
     Alternatively, the lamp driving device  500  may provide a dangerous state of the driver using eyetracking information, which may identify whether the vehicle is normally traveling by obtaining information about a region of interest (ROI) where the view of the driver remains and may deliver information about a wrong driving habit of the driver in the form of light, when the vehicle is abnormally traveling. For example, when the driver sees a place unnecessary for driving for a long time, the lamp driving device  500  may control the outdoor lamp to blink several times towards the unnecessary place and may control the indoor lamp to blink several times, such that the driver recognizes the unnecessary place. The unnecessary place could be terrain that would be hazardous to drive for a certain period time at a given speed. The unnecessary place could be determined by GPS or other sensor information input to the vehicle that a road is coming to an end, or changing from a paved road to a dirt or gravel road, which could be hazardous or bumpy, for example. 
     By doing this, the lamp driving device  500  may notify a passenger and a surrounding vehicle as well as the driver of a risk signal in the form of light, thus preventing an accident from occurring due to drowsy driving or abnormal driving of the driver. 
     In addition, the older aged may have a narrower viewing angle than relatively younger persons. For example, when a general driver has a viewing angle of 120 degrees, the older aged may have a viewing angle of about 60 degrees. The older aged may have more of a decrease in eyesight than relatively younger persons, which may cause more decrease in recognition response time due to a decrease in behavioral cognition than the relatively younger persons. Thus, an older driver may fail to see a color of a specific wavelength band well. An older driver may be recognized by information provide from the driver&#39;s license of the driver or from facial recognition software that could recognize characteristics such as number of lines on a driver&#39;s face, which often is an indication of age, such as number of lines around a driver&#39;s eye area. Biometric information indicative of age such as grey hair could be also be recognized by the system as an indicator of age to trigger the system. 
     Thus, when the driver is recognized as the aged by obtaining body information, the lamp driving device  500  may control indoor and outdoor lamps of the vehicle to suit the aged. For example, referring to  FIG. 2 , the lamp driving device  500  may control a head lamp to raise the intensity of light of the head lamp to be generally bright closer to a vehicle, when a viewing angle of the driver is narrow, and may control the head lamp such that a short range is brighter when the vehicle is traveling at a low speed and may control the head lamp such that a long range is brighter when the vehicle is traveling at a high speed. These changes may reflect that a recognition response time decreases due to a deterioration in eyesight and a decrease in behavioral cognition. When the driver does not see a color of a specific wavelength band well, the lamp driving device  500  may control the head lamp to adjust a color temperature in a direction where visibility is advantageous, thus improving visibility. For reference, the aged may prefer a color temperature of a long wavelength band. 
     The vehicle controller  300  may control the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle to output a beam pattern suitable for a current weather and a current time by way of the weather sensing device  170 . The weather sensing device  170  may include sensors on a vehicle or include sensors configured receive weather or GPS data from weather or GPS satellites. The weather sensing device  170  may also receive weather data from other vehicles that are able to share weather and other data with the driver&#39;s vehicle. 
     For example, the vehicle controller  300  may control the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle to output a similar beam pattern to the light of the sun at a current time, such as at sunset, in the middle of the night, or at sunrise. At sunset or sunrise, the vehicle controller  300  may control the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle to output a beam pattern at a color temperature of 5000 K. In the middle of the night, the vehicle controller  300  may control the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle to output a beam pattern at a color temperature of 5000 K to 6000 K. 
     When it is raining, when it is snowing, or when a heavy mist or fine dust occurs, the vehicle controller  300  may control the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle to output a beam pattern suitable for a current weather. 
     In other words, when restriction occurs in passing light due to a medium such as rain, snow, mist, or dust, the vehicle controller  300  may control the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle to output a beam pattern suitable for the restriction. Thus, the vehicle controller  300  may control the head lamp to be oriented towards a downward direction rather than an upward direction and to be oriented towards a short range rather than a long range. The vehicle controller  300  may reduce the intensity of light to decrease the amount of reflected light and may adjust a color temperature to perform adjustment which is less influenced by a medium, that is, change the light to long-wavelength light because it is easier to be reflected because there is light of a shorter wavelength. 
     Referring to  FIG. 3 , the driver may directly select a beam pattern of an indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle by way of the selection input device  190 . The selection method may be to select a beam pattern by providing a touch input to a touch screen or providing a voice recognition input. The input device  190  may provide an option such that the driver directly selects the beam pattern. 
     As an example of the option, auto selection of providing a beam pattern recommended based on the result learned using big data, a low button configured to provide a beam pattern that saves energy, a normal button configured to provide a beam pattern to consume normal energy, and a high button configured to provide a beam pattern using relatively much energy, or the like may be provided. 
     Meanwhile, when fingerprint information of the driver, which is input through the fingerprint sensing device  150 , is unregistered driver information, the vehicle controller  300  may determine whether the fingerprint information of the driver is driver information registered with a cloud server  900 . Thus, when the vehicle of the driver is a shared vehicle such as a car by car sharing or a rented car, although the driver is not the registered driver because the driver is not the owner of the vehicle, driver information may be previously registered with the cloud server  900  which manages shared vehicles. Thus, when the vehicle of the driver is a shared vehicle and when fingerprint information of the driver is input through the fingerprint sensing device  150 , the vehicle controller  300  may request the cloud server  900  to determine whether the fingerprint information is driver information. When it is determined that there is the driver information in the cloud server  900 , the vehicle controller  300  may receive the driver information and may control the lamp driving device  500  to output a predetermined beam pattern based on the driver information. Fingerprint information may be sensed on a steering wheel of a vehicle, may be sensed externally on a door handle or the like, may be sensed by a dedicated placement on the dashboard or console of the vehicle, though embodiments are not limited thereto. Embodiments may include other areas to receive fingerprints of a driver in accordance with the vehicle system described herein. 
     However, when the driver is not the registered driver because the driver is not the owner of the vehicle, when there is no driver information in the cloud server  900  when the vehicle is a shared vehicle, or when the driver does not agree with providing personal information, the vehicle controller  300  may perform iris recognition of the driver to obtain iris information and may change a beam pattern of the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle according to age information. 
     In addition, the vehicle controller  300  may identify a current state of the driver using biometric information of the driver. The vehicle controller  300  may store results learned using artificial intelligence (AI) to use a record where the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle outputs a beam pattern to suit the current state of the driver. The record may include where the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle outputs a beam pattern to suit the current state of the driver in real time by obtaining body information of the driver. The record may be where the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle is controlled to output a beam pattern suitable for a current weather and a current time by way of the weather sensing device  170 . The record may also be a record where a beam pattern of the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle is directly selected by way of the selection input device  190  as big data. 
     Subsequently, when the driving of the vehicle is completed and when the driver alights from the vehicle, the vehicle controller  300  may control the lamp driving device  500  to provide an escort lamp. 
     Hereinafter, a method to control a variable beam pattern lamp for a driver according to another embodiment of the inventive concepts with reference to  FIG. 4  is described.  FIG. 4  is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling a variable beam pattern lamp for a driver according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
     Hereinafter, it is assumed that a variable beam pattern lamp system for a driver according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts of  FIGS. 1 to 3  may be used to perform a process of  FIG. 4 . 
     When a wireless communication device  110  receives information of a wireless device, for example, a smartphone or a smart watch, of a driver and detects approaching of the driver in operations S 101 , in S 102 , a vehicle controller  300  may control a lamp driving device  500  to turn on a welcome lamp before the driver rides in the vehicle to welcome the driver. The welcome lamp could be a headlamp, inside light, outside light near the door of the driver, or the like. 
     When the driver is a registered driver such as the owner of the vehicle and inputs his or her fingerprint through a fingerprint sensing device  150  in operation S 103 , in operation S 105 , the vehicle controller  300  may fetch previously registered information from a storage  700  and may provide the lamp driving device  500  with predetermined beam pattern information. In operation S 106 , the vehicle controller  300  may control the lamp driving device  500  such that an indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle outputs a predetermined beam pattern. 
     In operation S 107 , the vehicle controller  300  may identify a current state of the driver using biometric information of the driver, such as face recognition information or iris recognition information of the driver, by way of an image capture device  130 . In operation S 108 , the vehicle controller  300  may control the lamp driving device  500  such that the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle outputs a beam pattern to suit the current state of the driver. In this case, the vehicle controller  300  may control the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle to output a beam pattern suitable for a current weather and a current time by way of a weather sensing device  170  and may control the lamp driving device  500  such that the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle outputs a beam pattern using an option selected by the selection input device  190 . 
     Meanwhile, when fingerprint information of the driver, which is input through the fingerprint sensing device  150 , is unregistered driver information in operation S 103 , in operation S 104 , the vehicle controller  300  may determine whether the fingerprint information of the driver is driver information registered with a cloud server  900 . When it is determined that there is driver information in the cloud server  900 , the vehicle controller  300  may receive the driver information and may control the lamp driving device  500  to output a predetermined beam pattern based on the driver information. When the driver is not a registered user because the driver is not the owner of the vehicle, when there is no driver information in the cloud server  900 , or when the driver does not agree with providing personal information, the vehicle controller  300  may perform iris or other facial recognition of the driver to obtain iris or other facial information and may change a beam pattern of the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle according age information. 
     In addition, in operation S 109 , the vehicle controller  300  may identify a current state of the driver using biometric information of the driver. The results may store results learned using artificial intelligence (AI) to use a record where the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle outputs a beam pattern to suit the current state of the driver. The record may include where the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle outputs a beam pattern to suit the current state of the driver in real time by obtaining body information of the driver. The record may include where the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle is controlled to output a beam pattern suitable for a current weather and a current time by way of the weather sensing device  170 . The record may also include where a beam pattern of the indoor or outdoor lamp of the vehicle is directly selected by way of the selection input device  190  as big data. 
     Subsequently, when the driving of the vehicle is completed and when the driver alights from the vehicle in S 110 , in S 111 , the vehicle controller  300  may control the lamp driving device  500  to provide an escort lamp. The escort lamp may be turned on for a predetermined period of time or may stay lit until the driver moves a predetermined distance away from the vehicle. 
     According to the variable beam pattern lamp system for the driver and the method thereof, which are described above, the present technology may obtain identifiable personal information of the driver and may actively provide a beam pattern suitable for the driver, which may improve safety by distinguishing the registered user who uses his or her own vehicle from an unspecified unregistered user who does not want to open his or her personal information. Embodiments provide optimal beam patterns in which user information, such as an age, a gender, a fatigue level, or a mood state of the driver, is reflected, and may improve convenience u) by obtaining real-time information regarding location of the driver to a vehicle and controlling a beam pattern suitable for a situation. 
     Meanwhile, the method to control the variable beam pattern lamp according to operations S 101  to S 111  according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts may be programmed and stored in a storage medium to be readable by a computer. 
     The present technology may obtain identifiable personal information of the driver and may actively provide a beam pattern suitable for the driver, which may improve safety by distinguishing the registered user who uses his or her own vehicle from an unspecified unregistered user who does not want to open his or her personal information and providing an optimal beam pattern in which user information, such as an age, a gender, a fatigue level, or a mood state of the driver, is reflected, and may improve convenience by obtaining real-time information of the driver and controlling a beam pattern suitable for a situation. 
     In addition, various effects ascertained directly or indirectly through the inventive concepts may be provided. 
     Hereinabove, although the inventive concepts have been described with reference to exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings, the inventive concepts are not limited thereto, but may be variously modified and altered by those skilled in the art to which the inventive concepts pertain without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive concepts recited in the following claims. 
     Therefore, the exemplary embodiments of the inventive concepts are provided to explain the spirit and scope of the inventive concepts, but not to limit them, so that the spirit and scope of the inventive concepts are not limited by the embodiments. The scope of the inventive concepts should be construed on the basis of the accompanying claims, and all the technical ideas within the scope equivalent to the claims should be included in the scope of the inventive concepts.