Patent Publication Number: US-2023157947-A1

Title: Oral pharmaceutical composition comprising carbamate compound and preparation method therefor

Description:
FIELD 
     The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for oral administration comprising a carbamate compound of the following Formula 1, an isomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or hydrate thereof as an active ingredient, and a preparation method therefor: 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein, 
     R 1 , R 2 , A 1  and A 2  are the same as defined herein. 
     BACKGROUND 
     The carbamate compound (carbamic acid aryl-2-tetrazolyl ethyl ester) represented by the following Formula 1 and the preparation method therefor are described in detail in International Patent Publication Nos. WO 2006/112685 A1, WO 2010/150946 A1 and WO 2011/046380 A 2 , which are incorporated herein by reference: 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein R 1  and R 2  are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, C 1 -C 8  perfluoroalkyl, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 1 -C 8  thioalkoxy and C 1 -C 8  alkoxy; and one of A 1  and A 2  is CH, and the other is N. 
     A specific example of the carbamate compound of Formula 1 may be a carbamate compound of the following Formula 2 (carbamic acid (R)-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-tetrazol-2-yl-ethyl ester): 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     The carbamate compound of Formula 2 is known as an effective anti-epileptic drug used for central nervous system diseases, but studies about a specific formulation for oral administration for applying it to the human body have not been disclosed. In order for drugs to be applied to the human body, formulation design is essential. In order to be effective as drugs, specific formulations such as tablets, capsules, injections and ointments are required. 
     In the case of obtaining pharmacological activity by administering said compound, it is required that the effect must appear quickly, and it must be suitable to secure a uniform concentration of the active ingredient in the blood by repeating administration over an extended treatment period. In order to obtain a quick effect, an injection preparation may be appropriate, but there is a disadvantage in that use is limited due to the route of administration. As such, there is increased demand for developing a novel oral solid dosage form for achieving this purpose. 
     SUMMARY 
     Technical Problem 
     The solubility (1.8 to 2.0 mg/mL) of the carbamate compound of Formula 1 in the in vivo pH range (pH 1.2 to 6.8) does not limit the absorption of tablets having an active ingredient of 12.5 to 400 mg (BCS; Amidon, G. L. et al., Pharmaceutical research, 12: 413-420 (1995)). In addition, based on the above dose, the particle size of the compound is not expected to have a significant effect on uniformity of dosage units. Rather, micronization is not recommended for the purpose of uniformity of dosage units since it directly affects the flowability and stability of the active pharmaceutical ingredient, thereby affecting the content uniformity and content. 
     However, the present inventors have found that the dissolution rate of the carbamate compound of Formula 1 is variable despite its high solubility. The dissolution rate of the formulation is a necessary condition for rapid and consistent therapeutic effect, and quality control. In addition, if the dissolution rate is variable, it may cause problems in the quality control of the formulation. Therefore, the present inventors have conducted repeated studies to solve such problems. 
     Meanwhile, in general, micronization of particles is not adopted since it may directly affect the flowability and stability of drugs, thereby affecting the content uniformity and content of dosage forms. However, through repeated studies, the present inventors have conceived the dosage form which can consistently achieve an excellent dissolution rate by controlling the average particle size of the particles of the carbamate compound of Formula 1 included therein by micronization. That is, the present invention is surprising in that a person skilled in the art would not have easily conceived that the dissolution rate of the carbamate compound of Formula 1 can be adjusted by m icronization. 
     Accordingly, an object of the present invention is the provision of a pharmaceutical composition for oral administration comprising a carbamate compound of Formula 1, an isomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or hydrate thereof as an active ingredient, and a preparation method therefor 
     Solution to Problem 
     According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition for oral administration comprising particles of a carbamate compound of the following Formula 1, an isomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or hydrate thereof as an active ingredient; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier; wherein a particle diameter d(0.9) of the active ingredient particles is less than 300 μm: 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein, 
     R 1  and R 2  are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, C 1 -C 8  perfluoroalkyl, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 1 -C 8  thioalkoxy and C 1 -C 8  alkoxy; and 
     one of A 1  and A 2  is CH, and the other is N. 
     According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a pharmaceutical composition for oral administration comprising a step of mixing particles of the carbamate compound of the above Formula 1, an isomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or hydrate thereof as an active ingredient with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and tableting; wherein a particle diameter d(0.9) of the active ingredient particles is less than 300 μm. 
     Effects of Invention 
     According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an oral solid dosage form that shows rapid and consistent therapeutic effects by accomplishing excellent disintegration and a rapid dissolution. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    is a graph showing the dissolution test results of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The present invention is described in detail hereinafter. 
     All technical terms used in the present invention, unless otherwise defined, have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person skilled in the art of the present invention. In addition, although preferred methods and samples are described herein, similar or equivalent ones are also included within the scope of the present invention. 
     It should be understood that all numerical designations—for example, pH, temperature, time, concentration, d(0.9) and d(0.5)—used throughout the instant specification may be modified by the term “about” in all instances. When the term “about” is used in the description of the present invention, it may mean±10%, ±5%, ±2% or ±1% in reference to a percentage. In one embodiment, it may mean±5%, ±2% or ±1%. For example, “about 5” is meant to include any value between 4.5 and 5.5, between 4.75 and 5.25, between 4.9 and 5.1, or between 4.95 and 5.05. 
     As used herein, the term “particle” refers to individual drug substance particles, whether the particles exist alone or aggregated. That is, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprising the carbamate compound of Formula 1 may contain aggregates having a particle diameter d(0.9) of 300 μm or more. However, in the case in which the particle diameter d(0.9) of the main drug particles constituting the aggregate is less than 300 μm, 250 μm or less, 200 μm or less, 150 μm or less, 130 μm or less, or 100 μm or less, it is considered that the aggregate itself satisfies the particle size constraints defined herein, and the composition is within the scope of the present invention. 
     Herein, with respect to the particles of the carbamate compound of Formula 1, reference to particle size such as particle diameter d(0.9) and particle diameter d(0.5) means that the average of particles of the carbamate compound of Formula 1 in the sample has an estimated volume less than or equal to the volume calculated for spherical particles with a diameter equal to a given diameter, based on the assumption that the shape of the particles is spherical. The particle size distribution is well known to those skilled in the art and can be measured by a laser light scattering technique such as that disclosed and discussed below. In one embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the carbamate compound of Formula 1 was measured by the use of a Malvern particle size analyzer. 
     As used herein, “d(0.9)” means that 90% of the particle volume has a diameter in a specific diameter d range. Specifically, it means that the particle diameter d(0.9) of the point where the cumulative frequency of the volume distribution reaches 90% by accumulating from the particle of the smaller particle diameter is within the range of the specific diameter d. 
     As used herein, “d(0.5)” means that 50% of the particle volume has a diameter in a specific diameter d range. Specifically, it means that the particle diameter d(0.5) of the point where the cumulative frequency of the volume distribution reaches 50% by accumulating from the particle of the smaller particle diameter is within the range of the specific diameter d. 
     The present invention provides an oral pharmaceutical composition containing the carbamate compound of Formula 1, an isomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or hydrate thereof, and a preparation method therefor. 
     All specific details related to the present invention described below can be clearly applied to the pharmaceutical composition for oral administration of the present invention as well as the preparation method therefor. 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein, 
     R 1  and R 2  are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, C 1 -C 8  perfluoroalkyl, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 1 -C 8  thioalkoxy and C 1 -C 8  alkoxy; and 
     one of A 1  and A 2  is CH, and the other is N. 
     In the present invention, the carbamate compound of Formula 1, an isomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or hydrate thereof may have a particle size distribution in which the particle diameter d(0.9) of the point where the cumulative frequency of the volume distribution reaches 90% by accumulating from the particle of the smaller particle diameter is less than 300 μm, and more specifically, may have a particle diameter distribution in which the particle diameter d(0.9) is 250 μm or less, 200 μm or less, 150 μm or less, 130 μm or less, or 100 μm or less. The lower limit of the particle diameter d(0.9) is not specifically limited, and may be, for example, greater than 0 μm, 30 μm or more, or 50 μm or more, but is not limited thereto. 
     In one embodiment of the present invention, in the carbamate compound of Formula 1, an isomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or hydrate thereof, the particle diameter d(0.5) of the point where the cumulative frequency of the volume distribution reaches 50% by accumulating from the particle of the smaller particle diameter may be in the range of 5 to 80 μm, and more specifically, the particle diameter d(0.5) may be in the range of 7 to 70 μm, 10 to 60 μm, or 15 to 50 μm. 
     The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be any solid dosage form known in this technical field. Specifically, the solid dosage form may be in the form of tablets or capsules, and more specifically, may be in the form of compressed tablets, multi-compressed tablets, sugar-coated tablets, film-coated tablets, hard capsules or soft capsules. Preferably, the solid dosage form may be in the form of tablets, particularly in the form of compressed tablets or film-coated tablets, but is not limited thereto. 
     The oral solid dosage form according to the present invention preferably shows the following dissolution criteria when tested for in vitro dissolution. That is, the oral solid dosage form shows dissolution properties in which an amount of the drug exceeding 81% by weight is dissolved within 30 minutes. Preferably, the oral solid dosage form shows dissolution properties in which 85% by weight or more, more preferably 90% by weight or more, and even more preferably 91% by weight or more of the drug is dissolved within 30 minutes. 
     Conventionally, the results of dissolution tests are established as an average over a given number—usually six (6) administration forms (e.g., tablets, capsules, suspensions or other administration forms). Dissolution tests are typically performed in aqueous medium buffered to the pH range observed in the gastrointestinal tract (pH 1 to 7.4) and adjusted to 37° C. (±1° C.) to maintain physiologically relevant conditions. When the administration form being tested is a tablet, a paddle rotating at 50 to 75 rpm is typically used to test the dissolution rate of the tablet. The amount of dissolved carbamate compound of Formula 1 can be determined routinely by HPLC. The dissolution test serves as a quality control tool. 
     In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition for oral administration of the present invention may comprise the active ingredient (i.e., the carbamate compound of Formula 1, an isomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or hydrate thereof) in a dose-range of 5 mg to 400 mg. More specifically, the active ingredient may be comprised in a dose of 12.5 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg, 150 mg or 200 mg. 
     In one embodiment, when the pharmaceutical composition for oral administration of the present invention is a tablet, the tablet may be prepared by direct mixing of the carbamate compound of Formula 1, an isomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or hydrate thereof with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, or by dry/wet granulation tableting. 
     In one embodiment, the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier may be selected from the group consisting of a diluent, a disintegrant, a lubricant and any combination thereof, but is not limited thereto. 
     In one embodiment, the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier may further comprise a surfactant. 
     In one embodiment, the diluent may be one or more selected from the group consisting of corn starch, pre-gelatinized starch, potato starch, wheat flour starch, glutinous rice starch, sweet potato starch, tapioca starch, rice starch, beeswax corn starch, sucrose, anhydrous lactose, lactose hydrate, mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol, lactitol, maltitol, erythritol, synthetic aluminum silicate, hydroxypropyl starch, microcrystalline cellulose and crystalline cellulose. Specifically, the diluent may be one or more selected from the group consisting of lactose hydrate, synthetic aluminum silicate, hydroxypropyl starch, microcrystalline cellulose and crystalline cellulose. More specifically, the diluent may be one or more selected from the group consisting of lactose hydrate and microcrystalline cellulose, but is not limited thereto. In addition, in one embodiment, microcrystalline cellulose may be used as the first diluent, and lactose may be used as the second diluent. 
     In one embodiment, the disintegrant may be one or more selected from the group consisting of low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, starch, anhydrous lactose, lactose hydrate, sodium starch glycolate, crospovidone, carboxymethyl cellulose and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, hydroxypropyl cellulose, corn starch, and croscarmellose and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Specifically, the disintegrant may be one or more selected from the group consisting of sodium starch glycolate, crospovidone, carboxymethylcellulose and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, hydroxypropyl cellulose, corn starch, and croscarmellose and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. More specifically, the disintegrant may be sodium starch glycolate, but is not limited thereto. 
     In one embodiment, the lubricant may be one or more selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, colloidal anhydrous silica, magnesium trisilicate, tribasic calcium phosphate, calcium silicate, magnesium silicate, colloidal silicon dioxide, powdered cellulose, starch, magnesium stearate, talc, light anhydrous silicic acid, sodium stearyl fumarate, polyethylene glycol, mineral oil, hydrogenated vegetable oil, zinc stearate and stearic acid. More specifically, the lubricant may be colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate or a combination thereof, but is not limited thereto. 
     In one embodiment, the surfactant may be one or more selected from the group consisting of polysorbate 80, oleoyl macrogol glyceride, linoleoyl, caprylocaproyl macrogol glyceride, polyoxylglyceride, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium oleate and sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate. Specifically, the surfactant may be one or more selected from the group consisting of sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium oleate, and sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate. More specifically, the surfactant may be sodium lauryl sulfate, but is not limited thereto. 
     In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition for oral administration of the present invention may comprise the following components when it is prepared by a direct compression method: 
     5 to 35% by weight of the active ingredient, 55 to 90% by weight of the diluent, 2 to 6% by weight of the disintegrant and 0.1 to 4% by weight of the lubricant, based on the total weight of the pharmaceutical composition. 
     In another embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition for oral administration of the present invention may comprise the following components when it is prepared by a direct compression method: 
     10 to 30% by weight of the active ingredient, 65 to 85% by weight of the diluent, 3 to 5% by weight of the disintegrant and 0.3 to 1% by weight of the lubricant, based on the total weight of the pharmaceutical composition. 
     In addition to the above-mentioned components, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may further comprise other components such as a binder, a film coating agent, a colorant, a fragrance, a sweetener, a flavoring agent and a preservative within a range that does not impair the purpose of the present invention. 
     In one embodiment, when the pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention is in the form of a film-coated tablet, the pharmaceutical composition may comprise a film coating agent. Typically, the film coating agent may be comprised in an amount of 2 to 4% by weight based on the total weight of the pharmaceutical composition, and which includes a film-forming agent, a plasticizer, a lubricant and optionally one or more pigments. As described below, the film-coated tablet may be prepared by additionally carrying out a coating step after direct compression. As the film coating agent, a conventional film coating agent such as Opadry may be used. 
     In the present invention, a preferred active ingredient is a carbamate compound of the following Formula 2, an isomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or hydrate thereof: 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     In addition, the present invention provides a method for preparing a pharmaceutical composition for oral administration comprising a step of mixing particles of the carbamate compound of Formula 1, an isomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or hydrate thereof as an active ingredient with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and tableting; wherein the average particle size of the lower 90% of the active ingredient particles (d(0.9)) is less than 300 μm. 
     The tableting may be carried out according to any method known in this technical field, and preferably may be direct compression. 
     The pharmaceutical composition for oral administration prepared by the above method may be the shape—for example, round, oval, oblong, rectangular, cylindrical or other suitable shape. In addition, the size may be changed according to the concentration of the active ingredient. 
     In one embodiment, when the pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention is in the form of a coated tablet, the step of coating after tableting may be further comprised. Specifically, the coated tablet may be a film-coated tablet. Typically, the film coating agent may be comprised in an amount of 2% by weight to 4% by weight based on the total weight of the pharmaceutical composition. The film coating agent may include a film-forming agent, a plasticizer, a lubricant and optionally one or more pigments. As the film coating agent, a conventional film coating agent such as Opadry may be used. 
     The pharmaceutical composition provided according to the present invention can be used for preventing or treating diseases of the central nervous system. 
     In one embodiment, the central nervous system disease may be selected from anxiety, depression, convulsion, epilepsy, migraine, bipolar disorder, drug abuse, smoking, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obesity, sleep disorders, stroke, neuropathic pain, cognitive disorders, neurodegeneration and muscle spasm, but is not limited thereto. 
     As used herein, the terms “prevent,” “preventing” and “prevention” refer to reducing or eliminating the likelihood of a disease. 
     As used herein, the terms “treat,” “treating” and “treatment” refer to eliminating a disease and/or its accompanying symptoms altogether or in part. 
     Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail through working examples. However, the following working examples are only intended to illustrate one or more embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. 
     PREPARATION EXAMPLE 
     Synthesis of Test Compound (carbamic acid (R)-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-tetrazol-2-yl-ethyl ester) 
     Carbam ic acid (R)-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-tetrazol-2-yl-ethyl ester (the carbamate compound of Formula 2) was prepared according to the method described in Preparation Example 50 of PCT Publication No. WO 2010/150946. 
     EXAMPLES 1 to 5 and COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 1 to 3 
     Preparation of oral Dosage Forms Comprising Test Compound by Direct Compression 
     According to the compositions and contents represented in Table 1, the components were mixed and tableted (direct compression). Thereafter, the tablets were film-coated with a coating agent according to a conventional coating method for tablets. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 1 
               
             
            
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Comparative 
                 Example 
                 Example 
                 Example 
                 Example 
                 Example 
                 Comparative 
                 Comparative 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Item 
                 Example 1 
                 1 
                 2 
                 3 
                 4 
                 5 
                 Example 2 
                 Example 3 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Active 
                 Carbamate 
                 200.0 
                 200.0 
                 200.0 
                 50.0 
                 50.0 
                 50.0 
                 200.0 
                 200.0 
               
               
                 ingredient 
                 compound of 
               
               
                   
                 Formula 2 (mg) 
               
               
                   
                 Particle size d(0.9) 
                 460 μm 
                 166 μm 
                 50 μm 
                 112 μm 
                 206 μm 
                 99 μm 
                 300 μm 
                 300 μm 
               
               
                   
                 Particle size d(0.5) 
                 220 μm 
                  37 μm 
                 18 μm 
                  34 μm 
                  48 μm 
                 24 μm 
                 — 
                 — 
               
               
                 Diluent 
                 Microcrystalline 
                 345.20 
                 345.20 
                 345.20 
                 172.60 
                 172.60 
                 172.60 
                 337.20 
                 345.20 
               
               
                   
                 cellulose (mg) 
               
               
                   
                 Lactose hydrate 
                 217.36 
                 217.36 
                 217.36 
                 158.68 
                 158.68 
                 158.68 
                 217.36 
                 217.36 
               
               
                   
                 (mg) 
               
               
                 Disintegrant 
                 Sodium starch 
                 30.48 
                 30.48 
                 30.48 
                 15.24 
                 15.24 
                 15.24 
                 30.48 
                 30.48 
               
               
                   
                 glycolate (mg) 
               
               
                 Lubricant 
                 Colloidal silicon 
                 2.24 
                 2.24 
                 2.24 
                 1.12 
                 1.12 
                 1.12 
                 2.24 
                 2.24 
               
               
                   
                 dioxide (mg) 
               
               
                   
                 Magnesium 
                 4.72 
                 4.72 
                 4.72 
                 2.36 
                 2.36 
                 2.36 
                 4.72 
                 4.72 
               
               
                   
                 stearate (mg) 
               
               
                 Surfactant 
                 Sodium lauryl 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 8 
                 — 
               
               
                   
                 sulfate (mg) 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Total weight (mg) 
                 800 
                 800 
                 800 
                 400 
                 400 
                 400 
                 800 
                 800 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE 
     Dissolution Test 
     A dissolution test was performed on the solid dosage forms prepared in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 according to the US Pharmacopoeia under the following conditions. 
     &lt;Dissolution conditions&gt; 
     Dissolution media: 0.01 N hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, 900 mL 
     Device: Apparatus II (paddle method), 75 rpm 
     Temperature: 37° C. 
     The results of dissolution rate are represented in Table 2 and  FIG.  1   . 
     After 10, 20, 30, 45 and 60 minutes from the start of the test, the samples were taken out and analyzed for Test Compound by HPLC at 215 nm. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 2 
               
             
            
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Dissolved active ingredient (% by weight) 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Time 
                 Comparative 
                 Example 
                 Example 
                 Example 
                 Example 
                 Example 
                 Comparative 
                 Comparative 
               
               
                 (min.) 
                 Example 1 
                 1 
                 2 
                 3 
                 4 
                 5 
                 Example 2 
                 Example 3 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 10 
                 38 
                 85 
                 95 
                 91 
                 79 
                 91 
                 60 
                 57 
               
               
                 20 
                 58 
                 91 
                 98 
                 92 
                 86 
                 92 
                 71 
                 70 
               
               
                 30 
                 68 
                 95 
                 98 
                 93 
                 91 
                 93 
                 81 
                 80 
               
               
                 45 
                 75 
                 96 
                 99 
                 95 
                 95 
                 93 
                 86 
                 85 
               
               
                 60 
                 80 
                 98 
                 99 
                 96 
                 97 
                 94 
                 90 
                 89