Patent Publication Number: US-2009218349-A1

Title: Vacuum container with protective features

Description:
BACKGROUND 
     The application generally relates to food containers capable of maintaining a vacuum upon closure and sealing. The application relates more specifically to food containers capable of maintaining a vacuum upon closure and sealing with features to protect the sealed closure, and/or provide improved container structure. 
     Containers are used to store a variety of materials and objects. Some types of containers are used to store perishable material such as organic material, solid food, food having a liquid component, and liquids. These containers must often meet a variety of requirements depending on their intended use. For example, some containers must be able to withstand acidity of certain levels such that the container&#39;s intended contents do not compromise the container. Other containers must be able to successfully store liquid such that manipulation of the container during shipping and typical use do not cause the container to deform, break an airtight seal, and/or leak the container&#39;s contents. Yet other containers must be able to withstand food cooking processes involving the container. Some containers must meet all of the aforementioned requirements. 
     One type of food and beverage container is provided with a closure that is affixed to the container primarily by the pressure differential between external atmospheric pressure and a lower internal pressure. Containers with vacuum closures are vulnerable to impacts during processing, labeling, and transport. Such impacts may break the hermetic vacuum seal and release the closure, thus causing leakage and exposing the container contents to spoilage. Some conventional containers address this problem by mating a threaded closure to the container. However, this solution increases manufacturing cost and complexity. Additionally, a threaded and vacuum sealed closure may be more difficult to open than a closure maintained in place solely by a vacuum seal. Other conventional containers may provide protection for sealed closures by reducing the diameter of the neck and closure relative to the principal diameter of a cylindrical container. However, this results in an opening that is limited in size relative to the principal diameter of the container, thereby inhibiting access to the container contents. Reducing the diameter of the closure also lowers the force exerted on the closure by the atmosphere, in turn lowering the strength of the vacuum seal. 
     Food storage containers are subjected to a variety of stresses and impacts during manufacture, filling and processing, sales, and transport. Containers must be strong enough to resist these forces without deformation. Additionally, containers with an internal vacuum must be strong enough to resist compressive deformation by the external atmospheric pressure. One solution is to make the container material thicker. However, this approach increases the container weight and the cost of raw materials. 
     Some containers are filled with hot, pre-cooked food then sealed for later consumption, commonly referred to as a “hot fill process.” As the contents of the container cool, a vacuum develops inside the container. The resulting vacuum may partially or completely secure the closure to the body of the container. Foods packed with a hot fill process often have certain advantages. For example, end-users often appreciate pre-cooked food contents as preparation times are often shorter and more convenient. 
     Other containers are filled with uncooked food, the container is sealed, and the food is cooked to the point of being commercially sterilized or “shelf stable” while sealed within the container. This process is commonly called a thermal process. Also commonly, the required heat for the process is delivered by a pressurized device, or retort. Thermal processes also have certain advantages. First, the resulting shelf-stable package offers long-term storage of food in a hermetically sealed container. Second, cooking the food inside the container commercially sterilizes the food and the container at the same time. 
     Many conventional containers used with thermal processes use ends that require considerable effort and the use of a tool to open. For example, some conventional containers suitable for use with thermal processes are metal cans having an end designed for use with a can-opener. Other conventional containers suitable for use with thermal retort processes are containers having “pop-tops”, “pull tops”, convenience ends, or convenience lids. Thermal retort processes present challenges to the design and manufacture of vacuum containing containers. For example, the pressure and temperature rigors of the thermal retort process may compromise the seal. In addition, differences in internal container pressure and external pressure during the thermal retort process may cause an unsecured vacuum sealable lid to separate from the container body. 
     Therefore, it would be desirable to provide a container capable of maintaining a vacuum having one or more protective features. Further, it would be desirable to provide a vacuumized container with protective features that is suitable for use with hot fill and/or thermal processes. 
     SUMMARY 
     The invention relates to a container kit for use with a closure configured to be held to the container by atmospheric pressure, the closure having a maximum closure diameter, the kit including a body having a principal diameter and a first feature that extends beyond the principal diameter and the maximum closure diameter. 
     The invention further relates to a container comprising a body, the body having a side wall including a central portion having a principal diameter, a neck opening adapted to receive a closure having a maximum closure diameter, a first feature extending radially from the side wall, the first feature having a first diameter, and a second feature extending radially from the side wall, the second feature having a second diameter, wherein the first feature diameter is greater than the principal diameter and the maximum closure diameter. 
     The invention still further relates to a food or drink storage container comprising a substantially cylindrical body, a top end, and a bottom end, the body including a sidewall, the sidewall including a central portion having a principal diameter, a first feature extending from the sidewall and surrounding the body, the first feature having a first diameter greater than the principal diameter, wherein the first feature is disposed between the center portion and the top end, a second feature extending from the sidewall and surrounding the body, the second feature having a second diameter greater than the principal diameter, wherein the second feature is disposed between the center portion and the bottom end, a neck opening at the top end having a neck opening diameter approximately 83 percent of the principal diameter, and a closure having a maximum diameter held to neck opening by atmospheric pressure, wherein the first feature diameter is greater than the maximum closure diameter. 
     Alternative exemplary embodiments relate to other features and combinations of features as may be generally recited in the claims. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 
       The application will become more fully understood from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying figures, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements, in which: 
         FIG. 1  shows a perspective view of a container having the protective features of the present invention. 
         FIG. 2  shows a side view of a container having the protective features of the present invention, and a cross-sectional view of a container closure proximal to the container. 
         FIG. 3  shows a cross-sectional view of a portion of the container of  FIG. 2  taken along line  3 - 3 . 
         FIG. 4  shows a detail cross-sectional view of a portion of the container closure of  FIG. 2 . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Before turning to the figures which illustrate the exemplary embodiments in detail, it should be understood that the application is not limited to the details or methodology set forth in the following description or illustrated in the figures. It should also be understood that the terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description only and should not be regarded as limiting. 
     Referring generally to the figures, a container (i.e., a metal can) is shown having protective features integrally formed from the material of the container body. The container is provided with a closure whose integrity is maintained by internal vacuum and atmospheric pressure. The container is typically a food container suitable for use with a thermal process. It should be understood that the phrase “food” used to describe various embodiments of this disclosure may refer to dry food, moist food, powder, liquid, or any other drinkable or edible material, regardless of nutritional value. It should be further understood that the container may be formed from any material, including metals, various plastics, and glass. 
     Referring to  FIG. 1 , a perspective view of a container  1  is shown, according to an exemplary embodiment. Container  1  includes a body  10  having a sidewall  20  and a bottom end wall  32 . Body  10  is shown as generally cylindrical (i.e., the container walls or piece forming sidewall  20  are curvilinear). Body  10  is generally a cylinder having a circular cross section. More specifically, body  10  is generally a right cylinder wherein vertical axis  13  forms a right angle with bottom end wall  32 . According to various other embodiments, body  10  may take any number of other container shapes as may be desirable for different applications or aesthetic qualities. For example, body  10  may be formed as a prism having one or more angles that create a horizontal polygonal cross section such as a rectangular cross section. In another embodiment, container  1  may be formed with an elliptical horizontal cross section. Container  1  may be sized to store about twenty-six ounces of liquid contents or combination of liquid and solid contents, or may be sized differently (e.g., less than twenty-six ounces, more than twenty-six ounces, twelve ounces, sixteen ounces, thirty two ounces, etc.). 
     Referring to  FIG. 2 , a side view of container  1  is shown, including body  10  having a principal diameter  12 , a vertical axis  13 , and a first protective feature diameter  14 . In an exemplary twenty-six ounce embodiment, principal diameter  12  is about 3.01 inches, and the height of body  10  is about 6.08 inches. In other embodiments, both the principal diameter and body height be greater or lesser, and may vary according to the volumetric size of the container. 
     Body  10  is shown having a neck  40  integrally formed from the material of sidewall  20 . Neck  40  may extend upward from a tapered transition  22  along the vertical axis of container body  10 . The diameter and height of neck  40  are generally determined based on the diameter and depth of a closure  60  with which neck  40  will be used. Closure  60  comprises a maximum closure diameter  65 . 
     Neck edge  42  may be curled or rounded to provide a suitable sealing surface (e.g., uniform and having some substantial diameter relative to the gauge of the container walls). Neck edge  42  may also be curled or rounded to provide a suitable surface for mouth contact or drinking. Neck edge  42  may curl to the inside or outside of neck  40 . The exterior diameter of the neck and structures of the neck may be appropriately sized to allow a closure to function properly. Neck  40  and neck edge  42  define a neck opening  48 . In an exemplary twenty-six ounce embodiment, neck opening  48  is a circular opening having a diameter of about 2.89 inches. In other embodiments, neck opening  48  may be about 83 percent of first protective feature diameter  14 . In alternative embodiments, neck opening  48  may have a diameter that is more than 83 percent of first protective feature diameter  14  (i.e., 90 percent, 95 percent, 99 percent), or less than 83 percent of first protective feature diameter  14  (i.e., 80 percent, 75 percent, 70 percent, or less). 
     Referring further to  FIG. 2 , the top of body  10  and sidewall  20  angle inward to create a tapered transition  22 . In a typical embodiment, tapered transition  22  is a frusto-conical shoulder area. According to other various exemplary embodiments, where body  10  is provided with a polygonal cross section, tapered transition  22  may include a transition from the polygonal cross section of body  10  to a circular neck edge  42  and neck opening  48 . In alternative embodiments where body  10  is provided with a polygonal cross section, tapered transition  22  need not include a transition from the polygonal cross section of body  10  to a circular neck edge  42 , and neck edge  42  may thereby define a similarly polygonal neck opening  48 . 
     According to an exemplary embodiment, tapered transition  22  is angled around thirty degrees from the vertical axis  13  of body  10 . According to various other embodiments, tapered transition  22  is angled more or less than thirty degrees from vertical. According to an exemplary embodiment, tapered transition  22  is angled so that the diameter of neck opening  48  is about 83 percent of principal diameter  12  of body  10 . Tapered transition  22  may also be provided with additional curvature to improve the visual aesthetics and/or structural stability of container  1 . The curvature may create an aesthetically pleasing container top, provide a user with increased leverage for opening the top, and/or prevent the container top and closure from experiencing some amount of the unavoidable contact that containers typically have with adjacent containers or other structures during manufacture, shipping, and/or use. 
     Referring still further to  FIG. 2 , body  10  is further provided with a center portion  21 . In an exemplary embodiment, center portion  21  is a cylindrical portion having a diameter equal to principal diameter  12  having vertical sidewalls. In an exemplary twenty-six ounce embodiment, center portion  21  has a height of about 1.25 inches. In an alternative embodiment, center portion  21  is smoothly concave such that the diameter at the midpoint of center portion  21  is a minimum diameter, and the container body diameter increases in the direction of first and second protective features  24  and  26 . 
     Center portion  21  may optionally be provided with one or more beads  70 , shown as beads  70   a  and  70   b.  In an exemplary embodiment, center portion  21  is provided with two beads  70   a  and  70   b,  wherein bead  70   a  is positioned near the top of cylindrical center portion  21 , and bead  70   b  is positioned near the bottom of cylindrical center portion  21 . However, one or more beads  70  may be placed at other locations on center portion  21 , or within the curved portions of sidewall  20  comprising the protective features described in greater detail below. Beads  70  provide a contour that strengthens center portion  21 , thereby increasing resistance to deformation of center portion  21  caused by the pressure differential between the internal vacuum and the external atmospheric pressure. Beads  70  may further be configured to provide a contour to facilitate the grasping of container  1  by a user. 
     As shown best in  FIG. 3  according to one exemplary embodiment, beads  70  are provided with a smoothly curved cross sectional profile concaving radially inward. In other embodiments, beads  70  may have other cross sectional profiles, such as a sinusoidal profile, a triangular profile, or a sawtooth profile. In an exemplary embodiment, beads  70  have a depth of about 0.03 inches, a radius of approximately 0.075 inches, and form a fillet with sidewall  20  with a radius of approximately 0.065 in. In alternate embodiments, beads  70  may have a depth of about 0.02 inches or less, or about 0.04 inches or more. In still another embodiment, beads  70  may extend radially outward from cylindrical center portion  21 . 
     According to one exemplary embodiment, as shown in  FIGS. 1-3 , body  10  includes two beads  70 . Beads  70  are generally located symmetrically along the length of center portion  21 . In an exemplary twenty-six ounce embodiment, beads  70  may be spaced about 1.02 inches apart. However, beads  70  may be provided at the transitions from center portion  21  to the first and second protective features, or beads  70  may be located on the protective features. In other exemplary embodiments, a third bead may be provided equidistant between beads  70   a  and  70   b.  In still other exemplary embodiments, more or fewer beads may be provided and may be otherwise spaced. 
     Referring yet further to  FIG. 2 , body  10  is provided with a first protective feature  24 . First protective feature  24  generally smoothly extends sidewall  20  radially outward relative to center portion  21 . First protective feature  24  may be any radial structure having a first diameter  14  that is greater than principal diameter  12 . In an exemplary embodiment, first protective feature  24  reaches a local maximum diameter at a first contact point  25 . Contact between container  1  and one or more adjacent containers, shown as container  1 A, is thereby limited to contact point  25 . In an alternative embodiment, first protective feature  24  may include a substantially vertical portion having a constant first diameter  14  that is greater than principal diameter  12 , defining a first vertical contact surface. In an exemplary embodiment, first diameter  14  is about 15 percent greater than principal diameter  12  at first contact point  25 . In an exemplary twenty-six ounce embodiment, first diameter  14  is about 3.46 inches. In other embodiments, first diameter  14  may be greater than principal diameter  12  by less than 15 percent (e.g., 2 percent, 5 percent, 10 percent, 12 percent), or by more than 15 percent greater than principal diameter  12  (e.g., 18 percent, 20 percent, 25 percent, or more). 
     Body  10  may also be provided with at least a second protective feature  26 . Second protective feature  26  generally smoothly extends sidewall  20  radially outward relative to center portion  21 . Second protective feature  26  may be any radial structure having a second diameter  16  that is greater than principal diameter  12 . In an exemplary embodiment, second protective feature  26  reaches a local maximum diameter at a second contact point  27 . In an exemplary embodiment, second diameter  16  is equal to first diameter  14 . Contact between container  1  and one or more adjacent containers  1 A is thereby limited to contact points  25  and  27 . In an alternative embodiment, second protective feature  26  may include a substantially vertical portion having a constant second diameter  16  that is greater than principal diameter  12 , defining a second vertical contact surface. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the portion of container body  10  between the maximum diameter of first protective feature  24  and the maximum diameter of second protective feature  26  is vertically symmetrical, wherein the plane of symmetry is located at the midpoint of center portion  21  and perpendicular to vertical axis  13 . In an exemplary embodiment, second diameter  16  is about 15 percent greater than principal diameter  12 . In an exemplary twenty-six ounce embodiment, second diameter  16  is about 3.46 inches. In other embodiments, second diameter  16  may be greater than principal diameter  12  by less than 15 percent (e.g., 2 percent, 5 percent, 10 percent, 12 percent), or by more than 15 percent greater than principal diameter  12  (e.g., 18 percent, 20 percent, 25 percent, or more). In an alternative embodiment, second diameter  16  is greater than principal diameter  12  and also different than first diameter  14 . 
     First and second protective features  24  and  26  provide limited contact surfaces between two or more adjacent containers at first contact point  25  and second contact point  27 . The protective features strengthen the sidewalls of the container against side impacts, thereby improving panel resistance to denting or other compressive deformation. Any type of label or design (not shown) may be disposed on central portion  21  of sidewall  20 . A label or design disposed on center portion  21  is thereby protected from abrasive contact with adjacent containers  1 A during manufacturing, processing, shipping, and/or display. In an exemplary embodiment, the container may be provided with a plastic shrink sleeve. A plastic shrink sleeve may optionally extend to partially cover closure  60  and incorporate tamper evident features. In yet another embodiment, the material of container body  10  may further be painted, coated, or provided with a decorative finish. 
     Referring still further to  FIG. 2 , body  10  is provided with a second tapered transition  34  connecting second protective feature  26  to bottom seal structure  30 . In an exemplary embodiment, bottom seal structure  30  has a diameter of about 3.31 inches. In a typical embodiment, second tapered transition  34  is angled from the vertical axis at an angle of about 12 degrees. However, second tapered transition  34  may be provided angles greater or lesser than 12 degrees. In an alternative embodiment, second tapered transition  34  may be approximately vertical. If second tapered transition  34  is approximately vertical, the diameter of bottom seal structure  30  is approximately equal to second diameter  16 . 
     According to an exemplary embodiment, container  1  is formed of metal about 0.0095 inches thick and is primarily made of tin-plated steel. According to various other exemplary embodiments, container  1  is formed from steel having a working gauge range from about 0.006 inches thick to about 0.012 inches thick, or other available working ranges. According to various other alternative embodiments, container  1  may be formed of aluminum, tin free steel, and/or another material that may be used to form food or beverage containers. The material of container  1  may also be more or less thick along certain structures or locations of sidewall  20 . For example, the material of sidewall  20  may be thicker at first protective feature  24  and second protective feature  26  than the remaining portions of sidewall  20 , thereby strengthening container  1  at points of contact  25  and  27  with adjacent containers. In another example, in center portion  21 , the material may be more thin than material closer to the top end or bottom end. 
     Referring yet still further to  FIG. 2 , container  1  is shown having a bottom seal structure  30  at the lower end of container body  10 . Bottom seal structure may couple and seal a bottom end wall  32  to container body  10 . According to an exemplary embodiment, bottom seal structure  30  is a double seam including folds of metal joining a bottom lip or flange of sidewall  20  and bottom end wall  32  (i.e., sanitary end) so that a hermetic seal is created. In an alternative embodiment, sidewalls  20  and bottom end wall  32  are contiguously formed or molded from a single piece of material. According to an exemplary embodiment, bottom end wall  32  is provided with a concave recession adapted to releasably receive a closure  60 . Nesting of closure  60  into bottom end wall  32  thereby facilitates the orderly vertical stacking of several containers. 
     Closure  60  (e.g., cap, cover, top, lid, etc.) is shown proximate to neck  40  in  FIG. 2  in a cross sectional view to reveal several internal features, according to an exemplary embodiment. Closure  60  is shown having a closure underside or interior surface  61  and a maximum closure diameter  65 . A closure gasket  62  may be disposed on closure underside  61  to contact and seal against neck edge  42 . According to an exemplary embodiment, closure  60  has a vacuum safety button that requires a 5 inch Hg vacuum to verify the seal is intact. According to various other exemplary embodiments, the closure may include other tamper evidencing features or no tamper evidencing features. 
     Closure  60  is adapted to cover and seal neck opening  48 . Neck opening  48  is sized such that the maximum diameter  65  of closure  60  is less than first protective feature diameter  14 , thereby protecting closure  60  from impact with adjacent containers  1 A. According to an exemplary twenty-six ounce embodiment, closure  60  may have a maximum diameter of 78 millimeters. According to one alternative embodiment, closure  60  is a 67 mm diameter closure. However, closure  60  may be any size appropriate to fit differently sized neck openings, as required by variations in the neck opening and/or volumetric size of the container. In alternative embodiments, closure external diameter  65  is 88 percent of first protective feature diameter  14 . However, closure external diameter  65  may be greater than 88 percent of first protective feature diameter  14  (i.e., 90 percent, 95 percent, 98 percent) or lesser than 88 percent of first protective feature diameter  14  (i.e., 85 percent, 80 percent, 70 percent), provided that external closure diameter  65  is less than first protective feature diameter  14 . 
     According to an exemplary embodiment, closure  60  is a press-on, vacuum seal closure (e.g., a Dot Top closure). A press-on, vacuum seal closure refers to a closure that is initially coupled to a body by a press-on (i.e., placed on) movement, and is substantially retained on the body by the pressure differential between the exterior and interior of the container. A vacuum seal closure is later removed by breaking the vacuum seal formed during the filling and closing process. 
     Referring to  FIG. 4 , closure  60  may be provided with a closure skirt  67  and a closure bottom rim  64 . Closure skirt  67  is a substantially vertical wall portion extending below the circumference of closure  60 . The lower edge of skirt  67  terminates in a closure bottom rim  64 , which may be a rolled edge, a rounded edge, or a bead of a similar or different material than skirt  67 . Closure skirt  67  may be further provided with one or more lugs  63 . Lugs  63  are indentations or dimples in the circumference of skirt  67  that releasably engage the outer diameter of neck edge  42 , thereby mechanically coupling closure  60  to neck edge  42 . After the initial vacuum seal is broken by a user, lugs  63  permit the user to reattach closure  60  by popping closure  60  over neck edge  42 . A single lug  63  may extend partially or entirely around the circumference of skirt  67 , or two or more discreet lugs  63  may be disposed about the circumference of skirt  67 . According to an exemplary embodiment, closure skirt  67  is provided with three lugs  63 , each lug having a circumferential length of about 0.3 to 0.5 inches. 
     According to other embodiments, closure skirt  67  and bottom rim  64  are smooth such that bottom rim portion does not have any lugs, threads, or other structures to mechanically couple closure  60  onto neck  40  and/or neck edge  42 . According to various alternative embodiments, closure  60  may be a plastic closure or another closure other than metal. According to other alternative embodiments, closure  60  may be a press-on, twist-off type metal closure (i.e., push-on/twist-off cap, etc.). A press-on, twist-off closure refers to a closure that is initially coupled to a body by a press-on (i.e., push-on) movement, but then is later removed or reattached to threads configured on neck  40  by a twisting motion. 
     Referring again to  FIG. 2 , according to an exemplary embodiment, the metal of closure  60  is between about 0.006 inches and about 0.012 inches thick. Closure underside  61  may be coated with a gasket or gasket material  62 . According to an exemplary embodiment, gasket  62  is a plastisol material or compound applied to closure underside  61 . Materials other than plastisol may serve as the gasket. Plastisol may provide sufficient resistance to acids of food products that may come into contact with the plastisol, may permit hot-fill processes to produce a vacuum, and may withstand a heat-based commercial sterilization or cooking process. A sufficient amount of the gasket material coats closure underside  61 . The plastisol compound need not contain preformed indents or receiving structures. Rather, steam or another application of heat is used to soften the plastisol material prior to pressing closure  60  onto neck  40  and neck edge  42  of the container. The difference between the diameter of the gasket material and the structure of neck edge  42  cause the softened gasket  62  to move and flow around neck edge  42  so that the interface between neck edge  42  and closure underside  61  forms a hermetic seal. Following cooling of the plastisol, the plastisol stiffens or hardens to create a resilient foam that maintains the hermetic seal without any additional mechanical restraint. 
     According to an exemplary embodiment, gasket  62  specifically comprises a plastisol compound that may be characterized as a “508 compound” or similar material. Gasket  62  may be a liquid applied gasket or any other suitable gasket material. Material comprising gasket  62  may alternatively or additionally be applied to neck edge  42  prior to coupling with closure  60 . 
     The user of various exemplary embodiments of a container described throughout this application may open the container by applying a lifting force to a point on the circumference of closure bottom rim  64 . Closure  60  will thereby be directed upward relative to body  10 , breaking the vacuum seal and releasing closure  60  from body  10 . In an alternative embodiments, a pressure release hole  66  and plug  68  (e.g., a Dot Top) may optionally be incorporated into closure  60  to provide an alternate method of breaking the vacuum seal and releasing closure  60  from body  10 . 
     Container  1  may be formed by stretching, rolling, welding, molding, or any other forming process. During the manufacturing process, the container may also be washed and coated as required for workability, cleanliness of the container, and longevity of the container surfaces when subjected to container contents, liquids, and/or air. 
     According to an exemplary embodiment, the container may be a three-piece can wherein a flat blank or sheet of material is shaped or bent until a first side and a second side of the shaped sheet may be welded together. According to various alternative embodiments, although the container includes a closure at the top end, and a bottom end part at the bottom end, the container embodies a 2-piece can in that one continuous blank of material forms the container body, neck, and protective features and a vertical seam or weld line does not run down the side wall of the container. 
     According to an exemplary embodiment, the container material is pre-coated before the forming process. According to various other exemplary embodiments, the interior and/or exterior of the container are coated with a preservative organic coating after the container is formed or substantially formed. Coating may be applied via spraying or any other suitable method. Different coatings may be provided for different food applications. The coating material may be a vinyl, polyester, epoxy, and/or other suitable preservative spray. 
     According to various other embodiments, a container kit may be provided utilizing various containers and closures described herein. A container kit may comprise a container body, blanks used to form a container body, a closure, and/or gasket material. 
     Processing may include steps of controllably ramping up temperature, cooking, and then controllably bringing temperature down or dropping temperature. As the container and the food inside the container are heated, the food is commercially sterilized (made shelf-stable) so that the food does not bacteriologically spoil. 
     According to an exemplary embodiment, a container as described herein may be used with a hot fill process. In a hot fill process, hot food is added to a container and a closure  60  is coupled to body  10  at neck edge  42 . Gasket  62  may be pre-warmed to soften the gasket material, or it may be warmed by contact with a hot container. When closure  60  is coupled to body  10 , a seal is formed by the gasket material deforming and flowing around neck edge  42 . As the gasket cools, it hardens and forms around neck edge  42  and resembles a resilient foam. As the container begins cooling, a negative pressure relationship or a vacuum develops on the container interior. A strong vacuum (e.g., 19 inHg to 22 inHg) is thereby formed between closure  60  and container body  10  that holds the closure onto the body and maintains the hermetic seal. According to various other exemplary embodiments, a weaker or stronger vacuum sufficient to maintain lid to container integrity may be created and maintained. Control of product characteristics (e.g. air content, temperature), closure conditions, overall container temperature, container headspace, steam supplementation, and thermal process conditions may be used to yield a weaker or stronger vacuum. 
     The container disclosed herein may be further subjected to a thermal process. A thermal process may generally be characterized as a process of subjecting the filled and closed container to a cooking or sterilization process within a closed or open vessel containing a heating medium having different heat, time, and pressure variables sufficient to substantially sterilize the interior and contents of the food container. In an exemplary embodiment, the thermal processes is an overpressure thermal retort process, where pressure outside the container is substantially matched or slightly exceeded relative to the pressure that builds on the inside of the container due to heating a sealed container. Overpressure thermal retort processes may generally include inserting a filled and closed container (or group of containers) into a retort vessel that heats the container via steam, water, steam/air, or a combination of steam and water or steam and air and provides external overpressure to prevent container deformation, breakage, or separation of closure  60  from body  10  due to pressure build-up inside the container. 
     During a thermal retort process, the container and the food inside the container will be brought to a temperature of about at least 200 degrees Fahrenheit. According to various exemplary embodiments, a thermal retort process may include bringing the container to a temperature of between 220 degrees Fahrenheit and 275 degrees Fahrenheit. According to yet other embodiments, a thermal retort process includes bringing the container to a temperature of at least 240 degrees Fahrenheit. According to an exemplary embodiment, the container and closure should be able to withstand a thermal retort process of about 250 degrees Fahrenheit with about 32 pounds per square inch of total pressure (15 psi process pressure plus 17 psi overriding pressure) for a period of about 45 minutes and a 3 pounds per square inch differential between overriding pressure and internal pressure. 
     The specifications of the thermal retort process will vary depending on the food being cooked, heating medium, the machinery (e.g., retort vessel) being used, the amount of agitation used with the heat, and any number of other variables. It may be desirable to cook different types of food to certain different minimum temperatures for certain different minimum amounts of time to ensure commercial sterilization or “shelf stability”. A container and closure of the present application should be able to withstand a variety of typical temperature, time, and pressure levels such that the container may be considered suitable for use with a thermal retort process for a wide variety of foodstuffs, including, for example, adult nutritional drinks, to those skilled in the art of food sterilization using a retort process. 
     In another embodiment, a container as described herein may be used with a non-thermal process. In a non-thermal process, food is added to a container at an ambient temperature, such as 65 degrees Fahrenheit. The container and contents are subjected to a strong vacuum (e.g., 19 inHg to 22 inHg), and a closure is attached to the container. Gasket  62  may be pre-warmed to soften the gasket material. When closure  60  is coupled to body  10 , a seal is formed by the gasket material deforming and flowing around neck edge  42 . As the gasket cools, it hardens and forms around neck edge  42  and resembles a resilient foam. After the seal is formed, the pressure outside the container may be returned to a standard atmospheric pressure. The closure and seal preserve the vacuum inside the container, thereby retaining the closure against the body until the vacuum seal is broken. 
     While the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the figures and described herein are presently preferred, it should be understood that these embodiments are offered by way of example only. Accordingly, the present application is not limited to a particular embodiment, but extends to various modifications that nevertheless fall within the scope of the appended claims. The order or sequence of any processes or method steps may be varied or re-sequenced according to alternative embodiments. 
     It is important to note that the construction and arrangement of the container as shown in the various exemplary embodiments is illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible (e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters, mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.) without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter recited in the claims. For example, elements shown as integrally formed may be constructed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be reversed or otherwise varied, and the nature or number of discrete elements or positions may be altered or varied. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present application. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be varied or re-sequenced according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any means-plus-function clause is intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present application.