Patent Publication Number: US-2012042237-A1

Title: Method and Apparatus for Detecting Changes in Websites and Reporting Results to Web Developers for Navigation Template

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED DOCUMENTS 
     The present invention is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/656,531, filed Sep. 7, 2000, which is a continuation-in-part (CIP) to a U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/639,346, filed on Aug. 15, 2000 and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,842,782 on Jan. 11, 2005, which is a (CIP) to a U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/573,699, filed on May 19, 2000 and now abandoned, which is a CIP to a U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/208,740, filed on Dec. 8, 1998 and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,412,073 on Jun. 25, 2002, disclosures of which are incorporated herein in their entirety by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention is in the field of Internet navigation and data communication, and pertains more particularly to methods and apparatus for detecting Website changes and reporting the information to website developers. 
     2. Discussion of the State of the Art The information network known as the World Wide Web (WWW), which is a subset of the well-known Internet, is arguably the most complete source of publicly accessible information available. Anyone with a suitable Internet appliance such as a personal computer with a standard Internet connection may access (go on-line) and navigate to information pages (termed web pages) stored on Internet-connected servers for the purpose of garnering information and initiating transactions with hosts of such servers and pages. 
     Many companies offer various subscription services accessible via the Internet. For example, many people now do their banking, stock trading, shopping, and so forth from the comfort of their own homes via Internet access. Typically, a user, through subscription, has access to personalized and secure WEB pages for such functions. By typing in a user name and a password or other personal identification code, a user may obtain information, initiate transactions, buy stock, and accomplish a myriad of other tasks. 
     One problem that is encountered by an individual who has several or many such subscriptions to Internet-brokered services is that there are invariably many passwords and/or log-in codes to be used. Often a same password or code cannot be used for every service, as the password or code may already be taken by another user. A user may not wish to supply a code unique to the user such as perhaps a social security number because of security issues, including quality of security, that may vary from service to service. Additionally, many users at their own volition may choose different passwords for different sites so as to have increased security, which in fact also increases the number of passwords a user may have. 
     Another issue that can plague a user who has many passworded subscriptions is the fact that they must bookmark many WEB pages in a computer cache so that they may quickly find and access the various services. For example, in order to reserve and pay for airline travel, a user must connect to the Internet, go to his/her book-marks file and select an airline page. The user then has to enter a user name and password, and follow on-screen instructions once the page is delivered. If the user wishes to purchase tickets from the WEB site, and wishes to transfer funds from an on-line banking service, the user must also look for and select the personal bank or account page to initiate a funds transfer for the tickets. Different user names and passwords may be required to access these other pages, and things get quite complicated. 
     Although this preceding example is merely exemplary, it is generally known that much work related to finding WEB pages, logging in with passwords, and the like is required to successfully do business on the WEB. 
     A system known to the inventor and described in the cross-reference section above provides an interactive Internet portal that enables users to store their WEB pages, user names, passwords, and a system that performs pre-defined tasks such as navigation and interaction between WEB servers based on user pre-programming (user profiles). Such a system greatly simplifies on-line or network-based business transactions. 
     It is known in the art that certain providers of Web services often work with partners representing other companies offering similar services. These partnerships are termed cobrand partnerships in the art. 
     An example of a cobrand relationship would be that of a company A offering services through a company B to subscribers of company B as if the added services were provided and maintained by company B, but in reality are provided by company A. In a typical case of cobranding, subscribers to the cobrand partner are not aware that the added services are actually provided by a company other than the cobrand partner, or in this case, company A. 
     A problem with cobranding services in prior art involves the amount of cooperation, engineering, configuration, and so on that must be performed by both the service-providing company and the cobrand partner. For example, knowledge workers from both companies must interface and cooperate in order to provide a functional interface and mechanism for subscribers of the cobrand partner to utilize in order to receive the extra value-added services. 
     A software utility is known to the inventor for creating and configuring a cobrand service package. Such a utility is taught in the co-related application Ser. No. 09/573,699, entitled “Method and Apparatus for Cobranding Portal Services and Normalizing Advertisements Delivered to Cobrand Subscribers, listed in the cross-reference section. This software utility comprises a function for installation and execution of the utility, a function for importing external data for use in the utility, a function for browsing and selecting functional services offered from within the utility, a function for constructing information pages, the information pages containing the imported external data and hyperlinks to the selected functional services, and a function for saving and submitting a configured utility to an entity for installation. The software utility is a self-contained utility, which upon completion functions as a service installation template for installing a cobrand service. By using the utility described above cobranded services may be efficiently implemented at Websites allowing added interaction capability and other services to existing Websites. 
     In addition to cobrand relationships, there exists on the Internet many popular service sites maintained by service-providing companies that are patronized by many users, thus indicating a wide popularity among users. Providing access to such popular Web locations and their services without requiring a user to physically navigate to the location is one of the primary goals of the inventor and is realized through a novel navigation sub-system that may be executed on behalf of a user according to user request. The navigation system executes according to machine-readable scripting, which provides such functionality as auto-log-in, automated form filling and submission, data gathering and summarization, navigation to secondary sites linked to a main site, and so on. 
     In order to provide such services through the portal system taught in disclosure included herein and referenced under the cross-reference section, an agreement must be forged between the company hosting the portal service and the company hosting a popular service site. Such an agreement, while not specifically a cobrand agreement, allows subscribers of portal services to access services of a popular site without being required to physically navigate to the site. 
     In order to implement proxy service access to popular Web locations, information is required from the particular location being added. Likewise, continuing information updates must be obtained from added sites in order that error-free access may be maintained over time. Such information may include data pertaining to the structure of a site, content of a site, site address, any added media functions to a site, and so on. Keeping apprised of current and up-to-date site revisions or changes presents a challenge to Web developers charged with implementing and maintaining proxy service-access to such sites, especially so, when there are many added sites. 
     One way to handle site revisions and other site changes is to allow Web-developers associated with a proxy service sole authorization to revise, add to, or otherwise alter a site. This may be practiced to insure that no changes are added which conflict with written scripts for accessing services, or at least without new scripts being written or old ones being revised to accommodate the site changes. However, this solution is an impractical one for a variety of reasons. One is that Web-developers specifically charged with maintaining popular sites are not likely to cooperate with those from a proxy service as they know best what their respective companies wish to do with a particular site in terms of construction and alteration. Allowing entities from an outside company to be the sole facilitators of a particular site, even with instruction provided by developers specific to the site in question is generally not desired, even in exchange for sending clients to their services by proxy. 
     An alternative requires that Web-developers working to provide proxy services for a particular site continually monitor the site for additions, revisions, address changes, structure changes, and so on to insure that proxy services may continue on an ongoing basis in an un-interrupted fashion. One with skill in the art will recognize that if a developer is charged with maintaining proxy services to many sites, he or she may be considerably back-logged with tasks that are overdue. In the interim, proxy services to particular sites may be delayed for long periods. 
     A software tool is known to the inventor for automatically tracking activities related to the status and usage statistics of a plurality of Websites on a data packet network. Such a tool is taught in the co-related application Ser. No. 09/639,346, entitled “Method and Apparatus for Tracking Functional States of a Web-Site and Reporting Results to Web Developers”, listed in the cross-reference section. This software tool comprises a network communication capability for establishing network communication between the software tool and the tracked Websites; a plurality of data-reporting modules for obtaining and reporting data about tracked Websites; a data input function for excepting data from the reporting modules and from external sources; a data recording function for recording and logging the data received from the reporting modules and from the external sources; and a data management function for organizing and storing the received data and rendering the data accessible for use in software development. A software engineer or developer accesses the site-tracking software and connected database through a Web browser from a network-connected workstation in order to utilize data mined from Websites for the purpose of creating routines enabling automated navigation and site manipulation by proxy for subscribed users. 
     The system described above provides a more efficient method for managing web-site errors and changes that may occur in automated Websites. However, cooperation from the Websites themselves is still required in order to implement the various data-reporting modules taught. Moreover, database mining by developers for the purpose of discovering errors and changes as well as for adding new sites is still rather extensive. 
     It is taught in the priority documents related to this specification that proxy navigation and interaction is performed by a navigation sub-system taking instruction from machine-readable templates. Each template contains all of the required navigation and site-logic, as well as any required login, form filling, or other interaction logic needed to perform whatever tasks are ordered. In this sense, an instruction template for navigation, also termed a job-order, may vary considerably from another job-order containing a same Web site. For example, specific site logic may differ for a same URL wherein there are a variety of optional tasks that may be performed. Likewise, some job-orders (templates) will contain only one specific site-logic block if there is only one function performed at the site on behalf of all users. In yet another aspect, orders that encompass more than one site to navigate to may one or more site-logics in common, but in a different order of navigation and application. 
     With the types of complexities described above, it is desired to modularize templates so that specific blocks of templates such as site logic blocks may be easily replaced should they become non-functional. Furthermore, it is desired that Web-site changes may be detected by methods that require less cooperation from site-hosts. 
     What is clearly needed is a method and apparatus that enables automated Web site change detection and template repair without unnecessarily involving Web-site hosts and without extensive labor incurred by program developers. Such a system would streamline automated proxy navigation and interaction for both clients and the service provider. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a software application for enabling automated notification of applied structural changes to electronic information pages hosted on a data-packet-network is provided. The software application comprises, a developer-interface module for enabling developers to build and modify navigation templates using functional logic blocks, a navigation system-interface module for integrating the software application to a proxy-navigation system for periodic execution of the templates, a change-notification module for indicating a point in process where a navigation routine has failed and for creating a data file containing parameters associated with the failed navigation routine, and a database-interface module for interfacing the software application to a data repository for storing the data file. The software application periodically submits test navigation and interaction routines to the navigation system for execution by virtue of it&#39;s interface with the navigation system. Upon failure of a test routine, the software application system creates the data file. The data file, comprises a point-of-failure indication within the failed navigation routine, an identifier of the associated electronic information page subjected to the navigation routine, and a brief description of the cause of failure. The software application stores the data file in the data repository sending notification of the action to the developer. 
     In a preferred embodiment, the software application is an Internet-based application executing and running on an Internet server. In this aspect, the software application is accessible through a network-browser application. In this aspect, the functional logic blocks include site-logic blocks, automated site-login blocks, and automated site-registration blocks. In preferred aspects the navigation templates are test routines executed for the purpose of determining success or failure of the routine. The navigation templates are executable instruction orders containing the logic blocks. Furthermore, the functional logic blocks are modular and self-installable within the navigation templates. 
     In all aspects, the data files are human readable and are accessed by developers for the purpose of affecting updating of the navigation templates. In a preferred application, the developers access the application through individual computerized workstations. In one embodiment, the error notification and data-file creation processes performed in association with a test template are also performed in the event of failure of a client&#39;s personalized navigation template. 
     In another aspect of the present invention, a change-notification system for detecting structural changes applied to electronic information pages hosted on a data-packet-network is provided. The change notification comprises a software application installed on a network-connected processor, the software application enabling developers to construct and cause execution of navigation templates and enabling failed instances of navigation executed on the network to be reported, a server system connected to the network, the server system hosting a proxy-navigation software application for executing the navigation templates, the navigation software accessible through the software application, a data repository accessible to the server system and to the software application, the data repository storing information about clients and result information about the failed navigation routines, the result information supplied by the software application, and a plurality of network-connected nodes having network access to the software application and to the data repository. 
     In preferred embodiments, network access of the software application is practiced by developers operating the network-connected nodes for the purpose of building and causing execution of the navigation templates, the templates used to test the current structural states of electronic information pages hosted on the network. The software application notifies of failure instances of the executed navigation routines. The failure instances are logged into the database. 
     In a preferred embodiment, the system is implemented on the Internet network. In this aspect, the network-connected processor hosting the software application is an Internet-connected server. In one aspect, the server system hosting the proxy navigation software also hosts the software application. In another aspect, the server system contains a single server hosting both the proxy navigation software and the software application. In still another aspect, the software application and the proxy navigation software are integrated as a single application enabling both functions of navigating according to navigation templates and notifying and recording failed instances of navigation. 
     In another aspect of the present invention, a method for receiving notification of random structural changes applied to electronic information pages accessed by a proxy navigation system and effecting updates to navigation templates based on the change information is provided. The method comprises the steps of, (a) establishing notification of a failed navigation routine executed for the purpose of navigating to and through an electronic information page, (b) recording an instance of the failed routine including parameters associated with the cause of failure, (c) accessing the recorded instance of the failed routine for review purposes, (d) navigating to the electronic information page identified in the recorded instance, (e) accessing source information associated with electronic information page identified in the recorded instance, (f) creating new logic according to the source information and according to information contained in the recorded instance, and (g) installing the new logic into existing navigation templates that depend on the updated information for successful function. 
     In a preferred embodiment the method is practiced on the Internet network and the electronic information page is a web page hosted on the network. In one aspect of the method in step (a), the navigation routine is performed according to a test navigation template created for the purpose. In another aspect of the method in step (a), the navigation routine is performed according to a client navigation template executed to perform services for the client. In all aspects of the method in step (b), the recorded instance of a failed routine is created in the form of a data file and stored in a data repository accessible through the network. In step (c), the recorded instance of the failed navigation routine is, in preferred application, accessed by a human software developer. 
     In all applications of the method, in step (d), navigation is performed by the developer utilizing an instance of browser software installed on a computerized workstation. In another aspect, in step (f), the new logic is created in the form of a modular logic block installable to navigation templates. In preferred aspect, in step (g), the new logic block self-installs to a depended navigation template. In one aspect of the method, in step (g) more than one new logic block is created for a single navigation template. In a further aspect of the method, a step is added between steps (f) and (g) for testing the new logic before implementation. 
     Now, for the first time, a method and apparatus that enables automated website change detection and template repair without unnecessarily involving website hosts and without extensive labor incurred by program developers is provided. Such a system streamlines automated proxy navigation and interaction for both clients and the service provider. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES 
         FIG. 1  is an overview of an Internet portal-system and network according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 2  is an exemplary plan view of a personalized Portal home page application as it may be seen on a display monitor according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 3  is a flow diagram illustrating user interaction with the Internet portal of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 4  is an overview of cobrand architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 5  is a plan view of a cobrand control panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 6  is a plan view of a cobrand user interface according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 7  is an overview of a communication network wherein banner advertising is practiced according to prior art. 
         FIG. 8  is an overview of a communications network wherein banner advertising is practiced according to the present invention. 
         FIG. 9  is an overview of a network architecture wherein Web-site tracking is practiced according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 10  is a block diagram illustrating various communication pathways and functionalities of a site-tracking interaction process according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 11  is an overview of a network architecture wherein website change detection is practiced according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 12  is a block diagram illustrating various functional modules that are part of change detection software according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 13  is a process flow diagram illustrating steps wherein website change detection and reporting is practiced, according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a unique Internet portal is provided and adapted to provide unique services to users who have obtained access via an Internet or other network connection from an Internet-capable appliance. Such an interface provides users with a method for storing many personal WEB pages and further provides search function and certain task-performing functions. The methods and apparatus of the present invention are taught in enabling detail below. 
       FIG. 1  is an overview of an Internet portal system  11  and Internet network  13  according to an embodiment of the present invention. Portal system  11 , in this embodiment, operates as an ISP in addition to a unique network portal, but may, in other embodiments be implemented as a stand-alone Internet server. In yet other embodiments the service and apparatus described herein may also be provided by such as a search and listing service (AltaVista™, Yahoo™) or by any other enterprise hosting a WEB-connected server. 
     Internet  13  is representative of a preferred use of the present invention, but should not be considered limiting, as the invention could apply in other networks and combinations of networks. 
     ISP  15  in this embodiment comprises a server  31 , a modem bank  33 , represented here by a single modem, and a mass storage repository  29  for storing digital data. The modem bank is a convenience, as connection to the server could be by another type of network link. ISP  15 , as is typical in the art, provides Internet access services for individual subscribers. In addition to well-known Internet access services, ISP  15  also provides a unique subscription service as an Internet portal for the purpose of storing many WEB pages or destinations along with any passwords and or personal codes associated with those pages, in a manner described in more detail below. This unique portal service is provided by execution of Portal Software  35 , which is termed by the inventors the Password-All suite. The software of the invention is referred to herein both as the Portal Software, and as the Password-all software suite. Also, in much of the description below, the apparatus of the invention is referred to by the Password-All terminology, such as the Password-All Server or Password-All Portal. 
     ISP  15  is connected to Internet  13  as shown. Other equipment known in the art to be present and connected to a network such as Internet  13 , for example, IP data routers, data switches, gateway routers, and the like, are not illustrated here but may be assumed to be present. Access to ISP  15  is through a connection-oriented telephone system as is known in the art, or through any other Internet/WEB access connection, such as through a cable modem, special network connection (e.g. T1), ISDN, and so forth. Such connection is illustrated via access line  19  from Internet appliance  17  through modem bank  33 . 
     In a preferred embodiment a user has access to Internet Password-All Portal services by a user name and password as is well-known in the art, which provides an individualized WEB page to the subscriber. In another embodiment wherein a user has other individuals that use his or her Internet account, then an additional password or code unique to the user may be required before access to portal  31  is granted. Such personalized Portal WEB pages may be stored in repository  29 , which may be any convenient form of mass storage. 
     Three Internet servers  23 ,  25 , and  27 , are shown in Internet  13 , and represent Internet servers hosted by various enterprises and subscribed to by a user operating appliance  17 . For example, server  23  may be a bank server wherein interactive on-line banking and account managing may be performed. Server  25  may be an investment server wherein investment accounts may be created and managed. Server  27  may be an airline or travel server wherein flights may be booked, tickets may be purchased, and so on. In this example, all three servers are secure servers requiring user ID and password for access, but the invention is not necessarily limited to just secure services. 
     In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a subscribing user operating an Internet-capable appliance, such as appliance  17 , connects to Password-All Portal system  11  hosted by ISP  15 , and thereby gains access to a personalized, interactive WEB page, which in turn provides access to any one of a number of servers on Internet  13  such as servers  23 ,  25 , and  27 , without being required to enter additional passwords or codes. In a preferred embodiment the software that enables this service is termed Password-All by the inventors. Password-All may be considered to be a software suite executing on the unique server, and in some instances also on the user&#39;s station (client). Additional interactivity provided by portal software  35  allows a connected user to search his listed pages for information associated with keywords, text strings, or the like, and allows a user to program user-defined tasks involving access and interaction with one or more Internet-connected servers such as servers  23 ,  25 , and  27  according to a pre-defined time schedule. These functions are taught in enabling detail below. 
       FIG. 2  is an illustration of a personalized portal page as may be seen on a display monitor according to an embodiment of the present invention, provided by Password-All Portal software  35  executing on server  31 , in response to secure access by a subscriber. Page 32 presents an interactive listing  34  of user-subscribed or member WEB pages, identified in this example by URL, but which may also be identified by any convenient pseudonym, preferably descriptive, along with user name and typically encrypted password information for each page. Listed in a first column under destination, are exemplary destinations LBC.com, My Bank.com, My Stocks.com, My shopping.com, Mortgage.com, and Airline.com. These are but a few of many exemplary destinations that may be present and listed as such on page 33. In order to view additional listings listed but not immediately viewable from within application  33 , a scroll bar  35  is provided and adapted to allow a user to scroll up or down the list to enable viewing as is known in the art. 
     Items listed in list  34  in this example may be considered destinations on such as servers  23 ,  25 , and  27  of  FIG. 1 . Typically the URL associated with an item on this list will not take a user to a server, per se, but to a page stored on a server. User names and password data associated with each item in list  34  are illustrated in respective columns labeled user name, and password, to the right of the column labeled destination. Each listing, or at least a portion of each listing, is a hyperlink invoking, when selected, the URL to that destination. In some instances a particular service may have more than one associated URL. For example, My Bank.com may have more than one URL associated for such as different accounts or businesses associated also with a single subscriber. In this case there may be a sub-listing for different destinations associated with a single higher-level listing. This expedient is not shown, but, given this teaching the mechanism will be apparent to those with skill in the art. 
     In some embodiments one page 33 may be shared by more than one user, such as a husband and wife sharing a common account and subscription. An instance of this is illustrated herein with respect to the server labeled Mortgage.com wherein both a John and a Jane Doe are listed together under the column labeled user name. In another embodiment, a network of individuals, perhaps business owners, authorized co-workers, investment parties, or the like may share one application. In this way, system  11  may be adapted for private individuals as well as business uses. 
     After gaining access to application  33  which is served via Internet portal server  31  of  FIG. 1 , a user may scroll, highlight, and select any URL in his or her list  34  for the purpose of navigation to that particular destination for further interaction. Application  33  already has each password and user name listed for each URL. It is not necessary, however, that the password and user name be displayed for a user or users. These may well be stored transparently in a user&#39;s profile, and invoked as needed as a user makes selections. Therefore, a user is spared the need of entering passwords and user names for any destinations enabled by list  34 . Of course, each list  34  is built, configured and maintained by a subscribing user or users, and an editing facility is also provided wherein a user may edit and update listings, including changing URL&#39;s adding and deleting listings, and the like. 
     In another aspect of the invention new listings for a user&#39;s profile, such as a new passthrough to a bank or other enterprise page, may be added semi-automatically as follows: Typically, when a user opens a new account with an enterprise through interaction with a WEB page hosted by the enterprise, the user is required to provide certain information, which will typically include such as the user&#39;s ID, address, e-mail account, and so forth, and typically a new user name and password to access the account. In this process the user will be interacting with the enterprise&#39;s page from his/her browser. A Password-All plug-in is provided wherein, after entering the required information for the new enterprise, the user may activate a pre-determined signal (right click, key stroke, etc.), and the Password-All suite will then enter a new passthrough in the user&#39;s Password. All profile at the Password-All Portal server. 
     In a related method for new entries, the enterprise hosting the Password-All Portal may, by agreement with other enterprises, provide log-in and sign-up services at the Password-All Portal, with most action transparent to the user. For example, there may be, at the Password-All Portal, a selectable browser list of cooperating enterprises, such as banks, security services, and the like, and a user having a Password-All Portal subscription and profile may select among such cooperating enterprises and open new accounts, which will simultaneously and automatically be added to the Password-All Portal page for the user and to the server hosted by the cooperating enterprise. There may be some interactivity required for different accounts, but in the main, much information from the user&#39;s profile may be used directly without being re-entered. 
     The inventors have anticipated that many potential users may well be suspicious of providing passwords and user names to an enterprise hosting a Password-All Portal Server executing a service like Password-All according to embodiments of the present invention. To accommodate this problem, in preferred embodiments, it is not necessary that the user provide the cleartext password to Password-All. Instead, an encrypted version of each password is provided. When a user links to his passthrough page in Password-All at the Password-All Portal server, when he/she invokes a hyperlink, the encrypted password is returned to the user&#39;s system, which then, by virtue of the kept encryption key or master password, invokes the true and necessary password for connection to the selected destination. It is thus not necessary that cleartext passwords be stored at the Password-All Portal server, where they may be vulnerable to attack from outside sources, or to perceived misuse in other ways as well. 
     In a related safety measure, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, a user&#39;s complete profile is never stored on a single server, but is distributed over two or more, preferably more, servers, so any problem with any one server will minimize the overall effect for any particular user. 
     Password-All, as described above, allows a user to access a complete list of the user&#39;s usual cyberspace destinations, complete with necessary log-on data, stored in an encrypted fashion, so a user may simply select a destination (a hyperlink) in the Password-All list, and the user&#39;s browser then invokes the URL for the selected destination. In an added feature, Password-All may display banner ads and other types of advertisement during the navigation time between a hyperlink being invoked and the time the destination WEB page is displayed. 
     In yet another embodiment of the invention, a user/subscriber need not access the Password-All page to enjoy the advantages of the unique features provided. In this variation, a Plug-In is provided for the subscriber&#39;s WEB browser. If the subscriber navigates by use of the local browser to a WEB page requiring a secure log-in, such as his/her on-line banking destination, when the subscriber is presented with an input window for ID and Password, the plug in may be activated by a predetermined user input, such as a hot key or right click of the mouse device. The plug-in then accesses, transparently, the Password-All page (which may be cached at the client), and automatically accesses and provides the needed data for log-on. 
     In yet another aspect of the invention a search option  37  allows a user to search list  34  for specific URL&#39;s based on typed input such as keywords or the like. In some cases, the number of URL&#39;s stored in list  34  can be extensive making a search function such as function  37  an attractive option. A criteria dialog box  51  illustrated as logically separated from and below list  34  is provided and adapted to accept input for search option  37  as is known in the art. In one embodiment, search option  37  may bring up a second window wherein a dialog box such as box  51  could be located. 
     In another aspect of the invention the search function may also be configured in a window invoked from window  33 , and caused to search all or selected ones of listed destinations, and to return results in a manner that may be, at least to some extent, configured by a user. For example, a dialog box may be presented wherein a user may enter a search criteria, and select among all of the listed destinations. The search will then be access each of the selected destinations in turn, and the result may be presented to the user as each instance of the criteria is found, or results may be listed in a manner to be accessed after the search. 
     Preferably the search function is a part of the Password-All Portal software, available for all users, and may be accessed by hyperlinks in user&#39;s personal pages. In some embodiments users may create highly individualized search functions that may be stored in a manner to be usable only by the user who creates such a function. 
     In many aspects of the present invention a knowledge of specific WEB pages, and certain types of WEB pages, is highly desirable. In many embodiments characteristics of destination WEB pages are researched by persons (facilitators) maintaining and enhancing Password-All Portal software  35 , and many characteristics may be provided in configuration modules for users to accomplish specific tasks. In most cases these characteristics are invoked and incorporated transparent to the user. 
     In yet another aspect of the present invention, the Password-All suite is structured to provide periodic reports to a user, in a manner to be structured and timed by the user, through the user&#39;s profile. For example, reports of changes in account balances in bank accounts, stock purchases, stock values, total airline travel purchases, frequent-flier miles, and the like may be summarized and provided to the users in many different ways. Because the Password-All Portal server with the Password-All software site handles a broad variety of transactional traffic for a user, there is an opportunity to summarize and collect and process statistics in many useful ways. In preferred embodiments of the invention such reports may be furnished and implemented in a number of different ways, including being displayed on the user&#39;s secure personal WEB page on the Password-All Portal. 
     In addition to the ability of performing tasks as described above, task results including reports, and hard documents such as airline tickets may be sent over the Internet or other data packet-networks to user-defined destinations such as fax machines, connected computer nodes, e-mail servers, and other Internet-connected appliances. All tasks may be set-up and caused to run according to user-defined schedules while the user is doing something else or is otherwise not engaged with the scheduled task. 
     In another embodiment of the present invention, recognizing the increasing use of the Internet for fiscal transactions, such as purchasing goods and services, a facility is provided in a user&#39;s profile to automatically track transactions made at various destinations, and to authorize payment either on a transaction-by-transaction basis, or after a session, using access to the user&#39;s bank accounts, all of which may be pre-programmed and authorized by the user. 
     Other functions or options illustrated as part of application  35  include a last URL option  41 , an update function  43 , and an add function  45 . Function  41  allows a user to immediately navigate to a last visited URL. Update function  43  provides a means of updating URL&#39;s for content and new address. An add function enables a user to add additional URL&#39;s to list  34 . Similarly, function  45  may also provide a means to delete entries. Other ways to add accounts are described above. It should be noted that the services provided by the unique Password-All Portal in embodiments of the present invention, and by the Password-All software suite are not limited to destinations requiring passwords and user names. The Password-All Portal and software in many embodiments may also be used to manage all of a user&#39;s bookmarks, including editing of bookmarks and the like. In this aspect, bookmarks will typically be presented in indexed, grouped, and hierarchical ways. 
     There are editing features provided with Password-All for adding, acquiring, deleting, and otherwise managing bookmarks. As a convenience, in many embodiments of the invention, bookmarks may be downloaded from a user&#39;s Password-All site, and loaded onto the same user&#39;s local browser. In this manner, additions and improvements in the bookmark set for a user may be used without the necessity of going to Password-All. Further, bookmarks may be uploaded from a user&#39;s local PC to his/her home page on the Password-All site by use of one or more Password-All plug-ins. 
     It will be apparent to the skilled artisan, given the teaching herein, that the functionality provided in various embodiments of the invention is especially applicable to Internet-capable appliances that may be limited in input capability. For example, a set-top box in a WEB TV application may well be without a keyboard for entering IDs and Passwords and the like. In practice of the present invention keyboard entry is minimized or eliminated. The same comments apply to many other sorts of Internet appliances. 
     In preferred embodiments of the invention, once a subscriber-user is in Password-All, only an ability to point-and-click is needed for all navigation. To get into the Password-All site, using a limited apparatus, such as an appliance without a keyboard or keypad, a Smartcard or embedded password may be used, or some other type of authentication. 
     It will be apparent to one with skill in the art that an interactive application such as application  33  may be provided in a form other than a WEB page without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. For example, an application such as application  33  may be provided as a downloadable module or program that may be set-up and configured off-line and made operational when on-line. 
       FIG. 3  is a flow diagram illustrating user interaction with the Internet Password-All Portal of  FIG. 1 . The following process steps illustrated, according to an embodiment of the present invention, are intended to illustrate exemplary user-steps and automated software processes that may be initiated and invoked during interaction with an Internet portal of the present invention such as portal  31  of  FIG. 1 . In step  53  a user connects to the Internet or another previously described switched-packet network via a compatible appliance such as Internet appliance  17  of  FIG. 1 . 
     At step  55 , a user enters a user-name and password which, in one embodiment, may simply be his ISP user name and password. In another embodiment, a second password or code would be required to access an Internet portal such as portal server  31  of  FIG. 1  after logging onto the Internet through the ISP. In some cases, having a special arrangement with the ISP, there may be one password for both Internet access through the ISP and for Password-All. At step  57  a personal WEB page such as page 32 of  FIG. 2  is displayed via Internet portal server  31 . At minimum, the personalized WEB page will contain all user configured URL&#39;s, and may also be enhanced by a search function, among other possibilities. 
     In step  58  a user will, minimally, select a URL from his or her bookmarked destinations, and as is known by hyperlink technology, the transparent URL will be invoked, and the user will navigate to that destination for the purpose of normal user interaction. In this action, the Password-All Portal software transparently logs the user on to the destination page, if such log-on is needed. 
     At step  60  the user invokes a search engine by clicking on an option such as described option  37  of  FIG. 2 . At step  62 , the user inputs search parameters into a provided text field such as text field  51  of  FIG. 2 . After inputting such parameters, the user starts the search by a button such as button  52 . The search engine extracts information in step  64 . Such information may be, in one option, of the form of URL&#39;s fitting the description provided by search parameters. A searched list of URL&#39;s may be presented in a separate generated page in step  66  after which a user may select which URL to navigate to. In an optional search function, the user may provide search criteria, and search any or all of the possible destinations for the criteria. 
     In another embodiment wherein WEB pages are cached in their presentable form, information extracted in step  64  may include any information contained in any of the stored pages such as text, pictures, interactive content, or the like. In this case, one displayed result page may provide generated links to search results that include the URL associated with the results. Perhaps by clicking on a text or graphic result, the associated WEB page will be displayed for the user with the result highlighted and in view with regards to the display window. 
     Distributed CoBrand Application 
     According to an embodiment of the present invention, a cobrand architecture  67  is provided and adapted to enable efficient cobranding between a service provider and multiple cobrand partners. Architecture  67  comprises a mix of elements, which are known in the art, and those which are provided to enable practice of the present invention. Elements, which are known and existing in the art will be described as such while elements new to the art will be described within the scope of the present invention. 
       FIG. 4  is an overview of cobrand architecture  67  according to an embodiment of the present invention. An Internet backbone of  75  is illustrated herein and represents all of the known lines, connection points, and equipment that make up the Internet network as a whole. Therefore, there is no geographic limit to the practice of the present invention. Connected to Internet backbone  75 , are 4 exemplary servers. These are, a portal server  103 , a portal server  77 , a portal server  79 , and a portal server  81 . In this example, each portal server  103  through  81  is connected to backbone  75  by virtue of network connections as is known in the art. 
     Portal server  103  represents a server hosted by a main service provider seeking to cobrand services to business partners termed cobrand partners by the inventor. Server  77  represents a portal server hosted, in this example, by a company known as Yahoo™, which provides search and portal services to users. Server  79  and server  81  are hosted, in this example, by the well-known companies AltaVista™ and Excite™ respectively. Each of the three aforementioned companies specialize in providing search capabilities and limited portal services to registered users and/or subscribers. The companies hosting servers  77 ,  79 , and  81  may be termed cobrand partners of a service-providing company hosting server  103 . 
     Servers  77 - 81  may be adapted for other services and may be hosted by other companies than the services and companies mentioned in this example without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The inventor chooses to illustrate server  77 - 81  as being hosted by the aforementioned companies simply because they are well-known and enjoy a large customer base. It may be assumed in this example, that each company hosting a portal server has at least one knowledge worker under employ as illustrated in this example by a knowledge worker  107  associated with portal server  103 , a knowledge worker  109  associated with portal server  77 , a knowledge worker  111  associated with portal server  79 , and a knowledge worker  113  associated with portal server  81 . 
     Knowledge workers  107 - 113  are endowed with various computer programming and engineering skills that are required for successful function of each hosting company. In actual practice, there would likely be many more knowledge workers under the employ of each company than are illustrated in this example. The inventor deems that the illustration of 4 such knowledge workers is adequate for the purpose of explanation of the present invention. In this example, knowledge workers  107 - 113  have connections to Internet backbone  75  and separate data connections to associated servers  103 - 81 . It may be assumed that knowledge workers  107 - 113  are operating powerful personal computers as illustrated herein by computer icons. 
     Also illustrated as connected to Internet backbone  75 , are servers  91 ,  93 , and  95 . Servers  91 - 95  represent Internet servers hosted by a company (service-providing company) also hosting server  103 . Server  91 , also labeled YS (Yahoo Server) is provided for cobrand subscribers visiting server  77 . Similarly, server  93 , also labeled AVS (Altavista server) is provided for a cobrand subscribers visiting server  79 . The same is true for server  95 , also labeled EX (Excite). Servers  103 ,  91 ,  93 , and  95  have data repositories connected thereto and adapted for storing information about subscribers such as account information, profile information, user name and password information, and any other data about subscribers that may be deemed applicable for storage. For example, a data repository  105  is connected to portal server  103 . Similarly, data repositories  97 ,  99 , and  101  are connected to servers  91 ,  93 , and  95  respectively. Data repositories  105 - 101  may, in one embodiment, be internal repositories instead of external repositories. Furthermore, servers  77 ,  79 , and  81  may also be assumed to have data repositories connected thereto although none are shown. 
     A user  69 , illustrated herein by an Internet appliance icon, connects to an Internet service provider (ISP)  73  by virtue of a telephone line  71 . ISP  73  is adapted to provide standard dial-up Internet connections as is known in the art. ISP  73  is connected to Internet backbone  75  by virtue of an Internet-access line of  74 . Telephone line  71  may be a normal connection-oriented-switched-telephony (COST) telephone line, or it may be a digital service line adapted for fast Internet connection such as a digital subscriber line (DSL), an integrated-services-digital-network (ISDN) line, or any other type of telephone line. User  69  may also access Internet  75  via a wireless connection without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. All that is required for user  69  to access Internet  75 , is an Internet appliance capable, by virtue of software, for accessing the Internet and an appropriate connection means such as to ISP  73 . It will be apparent to one with skill in the art that there are many alternative methods for connecting to an Internet network. 
     In this example, user  69  represents any number of users accessing the Internet for the purpose of interacting with Web services provided by the companies hosting servers  77 ,  79 ,  81 , and in some embodiments, server  103 . For purpose of discussion, it is assumed herein the user  69  is a regular patron of at least Yahoo™, Alatavista™, and Excite™. Furthermore, the skilled artisan will appreciate that there they may be many more services hosted by still more companies that are accessible to users through Internet  75  that are not represented in this example. It is restated herein, that the company hosting portal server  103  also maintains and hosts servers  91 ,  93 , and  95 , on behalf of companies hosting servers  77 ,  79 , and  81 , in the spirit of a unique cobrand relationship between the companies. It is to this aspect that the method and apparatus of the present invention relates. 
     A novel cobrand software application (CSW)  82  is illustrated herein as accessible to KW  107 . CSW  82  is provided and adapted as a self-contained configuration application which enables a cobrand service to be created and implemented without requiring extensive software engineering, software installation, hardware reconfiguration, or other extensive effort normally required of a service-providing company engaged in implementing cobrand services through Web interfaces maintained by cobrand partners, represented in this example, by Yahoo™, Altavista™, and Excite™. CSW  82  is termed a cobrand control panel by the inventor, and may be referred to, hereinafter in this specification, as a cobrand control panel or simply control panel. It is noted herein, that instances of cobrand control panel (CSW) are illustrated as resident in servers  77 ,  79 , and  81 , and accessible to KWs  109 , 111 , and  113  respectively. These instances of control panel are labeled with element numbers  83 ,  85 , and  89 . Control panel instances  83 - 89 , running on servers  77 - 81  respectively, represent a received versions of cobrand control panel  82  distributed over Internet backbone  75  by a company hosting portal server  103  and providing cobrand services. 
     In practice of the present invention, the existence of cobrand control panel  82  in combination with cobrand architecture  67  provides a streamlined and efficient method for creating and implementing cobrand services on behalf of cobrand partners hosting servers  77 - 81 . 
     Instead of attempting to install cobrand functionality to servers  77 - 81 , the company providing cobrand services, which in this example, is a company hosting portal server  103  provides and maintains Web servers  91 - 95  has dedicated cobrand Websites for the companies hosting servers  77 - 81 . Distributed instances of control panel  82  ( 83 - 89 ) are self-contained toolkits which may be manipulated by KWs  109 - 113  respectively for the purpose of selecting offered services and authoring HTML Web pages that will be installed in servers  91 - 95  respectively. Each cobrand partner controls the look and feel of authored cobrand Web pages such that individual users, represented herein by user  69 , are unaware that the added functionality made available by the providing company is not generic to a cobrand partner&#39;s normal service. 
     A general process for implementing successful cobrand services on behalf of a cobrand partner maybe understood through discussion of the following example. KW  107  distributes generic control panel  82  over Internet backbone  75  to server  77  (Yahoo™) where it appears as distributed control panel  83 . Control panel  83  contains complete description of all offered services and the appropriate Web-building tools for creating Web interfaces. An example of such a tool would be an HTML editor. KW  109  accesses control panel  83 , selects services, and builds WEB pages giving access to the selected services. Control panel  83  allows KW  109  to import features generic to existing Yahoo™ interfaces for creating cobrand Web pages that mirror Yahoo&#39;s look and feel. 
     When KW  109  has completely configured control panel  83 , it is submitted back to its source (portal server  103 ) and is again accessible to KW  107 . KW  107  reviews and approves the completed control panel and installs the complete package into reserved server  91  and data repository  97 . A hyperlink to server  91  is provided and embedded on such as a main page within server  77  along with an interactive registration form if applicable. In one embodiment, only a hyperlink is provided and server  77  and user registration takes place and server  91 . A hyperlink provided within a portal page hosted on server  77  linking to a page hosted in server  91  may be a simple icon labeled my accounts, or some other applicable name. 
     After cobrand services are installed and active within server  91 , user  69  may access server  77  during the course of normal Internet navigation and interaction. Upon noticing and invoking the provided linked to server  91 , user  69  may be prompted to register for receiving added functionality, after which, he or she may add Web accounts for servicing. In this example, the company hosting portal server  103  specializes and data gathering and aggregation through a single interface. However, this should not be construed as a limitation to practice of the present invention. A service providing company may offer a wide variety of disparate Internet services, and may cobrand such services using the method and architecture of the present invention. 
     Once user  69  is registered and authorized two use cobrand services setup and running in server  91 , he or she may also register for and setup accounts for cobrand services offered through server  79  and  81 . In this way, data gathering an aggregation services may be obtained for all of a user&#39;s Web accounts and/or services with through Web interfaces frequently visited by and known to user  69 . In one embodiment, the service-providing company handles all registration requirements for new users. That is to say that once user  69  clicks on an appropriate hyperlink embedded in a main page posted in one of server  77 - 81 , he or she will be immediately directed to the appropriate cobrand server  91 - 95  to begin registration. In this embodiment, every aspect of servicing users is performed by the service-providing company. The only requirement of a cobrand partner in this case is to maintain a link to an appropriate cobrand server. The exact implementation of individual responsibility with respect to registration and billing will depend on the nature of agreement between the participating companies. There are many possibilities. More detail about a cobrand control panel will be provided below. 
       FIG. 5  is a plan view of a cobrand control panel  117  according to an embodiment of the present invention. Cobrand control panel  117 , in this example, is analogous to control panel  82  illustrated in  FIG. 4  above. Control panel  117  is a self-contained toolkit as previously described with reference to control panel  82  of  FIG. 4 . In this example, a control-panel window is displayed on an appropriate PC monitor upon invocation of software  117 , which may first appear as a control panel .exe icon. In this embodiment, control panel  117  represents an installable application, which would be installed as a permanent program on an appropriate computer connected to a receiving server, or on the receiving server accessible by a connected computer. In another embodiment, control panel  117  maybe provided installed in a separate server, which is accessed over the Internet by knowledge workers of cobrand prospects. There are many possibilities. 
     Control-panel window  119  comprises, in this example, a tool bar  121 , a tool bar  123 , and a cobrand workspace  125 . Tool bar bars  121  and  123  are provided and adapted with controls, which may be invoked by a knowledge worker configuring a cobrand service-package. In place of active tool bars, a drop-down menu or menus may be provided without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. There are many possible implementations. For example, tool bar  123  contains an edit, function labeled as such, that is provided for enabling editing of completed portions of control panel  117 . A view function, labeled as such, is provided within tool bar  123  and adapted for enabling viewing of various portions or steps of cobrand configuration process. A services function, labeled as such, enables a knowledge worker to browse and select offered services for implementation. A colors function, labeled as such, is provided within tool bar  123 , and enables a knowledge worker to implement color schemes and so on to works in progress. In import function, labeled as such, is provided within tool bar  123 , and is adapted to enable a knowledge worker to import features and functionality generic to the particular cobrand partner. Proprietary logos, copyrighted material, images, proprietary search interfaces, and so on are examples of imported features. 
     Tool bar  121  contains additional exemplary functions, which will be described individually as follows. An options function is provided within tool bar  121  and adapted to enable a knowledge worker to browse various options available in configuring cobrand package. In a dialog function, labeled as such, is provided within tool bar  121  and adapted to enable a knowledge worker to create interactive dialog functions and embed them into cobrand Web pages. A multimedia function, labeled as such, in spite of within tool bar  121  and adapted to enable a knowledge worker to create and embed multimedia functionality into cobrand Web pages. A save function, labeled as such, is provided within tool bar  121  and adapted to enable a knowledge worker to save completed works. A submitted function, labeled as such, is provided within two or  121  and adapted to enable a knowledge worker to submit a completed cobrand package to a service-providing company. A cobrand workspace  125  is provided within cobrand window  119  and adapted as a workspace for generating HTML pages, testing various functions, and so on. 
     The inventor intends that control panel  117 , as described in this example, represent just one possibility among many alternative possibilities for implementing an interactive and self-contained control panel for configuring cobrand services. Furthermore, the functions represented within tool bars  121  and  123  are intended to be exemplary only of types of functions that may be provided within control panel  117 . One with skill in the art will appreciate that there may be many alternative presentations. Control panel  117  contains all of the functions required in order to successfully create, configure, and implement a cobrand-service. 
       FIG. 6  is a plan view of a cobrand user interface  127  according to an embodiment of the present invention. Cobrand-user interface  127  is, in preferred embodiments, an interactive web page created from within control panel  117  of  FIG. 5 , and hosted on one of cobrand servers  91 - 95  of  FIG. 4 . Interface  127  may be assumed to be a main cobrand web page as seen by a user interacting with cobranded services. In a case wherein a service-providing company is a data aggregation service, then interface  127  may represent a starting page or a portal page from whence numerous accounts may be aggregated and summarized for data. A title for interface  127  may be as simple as a title illustrated herein as My Accounts and labeled with element number  137 . In the particular example, a text notation labeled Driven by AltaVista™ and represented by element number  135 , identifies the particular cobrand partner. As previously described, interface  127  may have although look and feel of a main public interface hosted by AltaVista™ such that a user is not aware of the involvement of a service-providing company and providing value-added services. 
     A search interface  131  is provided an embedded within interface  127  and is adapted to enable a user to perform a keyword search. Interface  131 , may be a version of the interface that is available on a cobrand partner&#39;s main web page. Preferably, the look and function of interface  131  is identical to a standard search function provided by a cobrand partner made available to its standard user fair. A tool bar  139  is provided an embedded within interface  127 . Tool bar  139  contains interactive selections of the user accounts added to page 127, presumably after a user has completed registration. Listed accounts are, from top to bottom, My Bank, My Travel, My Stocks, and My books. These exemplary accounts are intended to represent just some of possible accounts that may be configured to cobrand services by a user. Tool bar  139  also contains a scheduler function and a summarize function. An update function  133  is provided within interface  127  and adapted to enable a user to obtain periodic updates concerning accounts list  139  up to left. 
     It will be apparent to one with skill in the art that there may be many more functions provided an embedded in web page interface  127  that are illustrated in this example without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The inventor intends that the functional elements represented herein are only exemplary of many such possible functions and interfaces that may be embedded into Web page 127. 
     In this particular example, a user accessing cobrand web page 127 may retrieve data summaries from the configured accounts illustrated in tool bar  139  by selecting each account and then selecting summarize using a summarize function, labeled as such, and provided within tool bar  139 . In one embodiment, data may be retrieved from all of the listed accounts and summarized. A scheduling function, labeled as such, is provided within tool bar  139  allows a user to specify the time or time period for obtaining data, performing summaries, and so on. An update function  133  is available within interface  127  and adapted to allow a user to simply update any of the accounts listed in tool bar  139 . 
     It will be apparent to one with skill in the art, that interface  127  may contain functionality and user-operated controls that are different than what is represented herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The exact functionality built into interface  127  will depend on the services provided by the service providing company and the extent that such services are harnessed by cobrand partners. 
     It will also be apparent to one with skill in the art, that by providing a self-contained cobrand control panel  117  to be utilized in conjunction with cobrand architecture illustrated more particularly with servers  91 ,  93 , and  95 , of  FIG. 4 , much of the time and resource associated with prior-art cobranding techniques and architecture may be eliminated. 
     Ad-Broker Architecture 
     As described in the background section, prior-art advertising wherein ad servers are used to deliver banner ads over a data-packet-network (DPN) into common user interfaces is rather limited in efficiency by virtue of the fact that the various ad servers delivering ads do not associate similar ads with similar key words. As a result, disparate ads are routinely delivered to a same user that uses multiple interfaces. The inventor provides a method and apparatus that acts to normalize advertisements sent by disparate advertisement companies such that similar ads are delivered to multiple interfaces frequented by a same user. 
       FIG. 7  is an overview of a communication network  139  wherein banner advertising is practiced according to prior-art. Network  139  utilizes an Internet network represented herein by element number  147  as a medium of communication. Internet  147  is chosen as a preferred communications medium in this prior-art illustration because of it&#39;s high public access characteristic. 
     A user  141  is illustrated, in this prior art example, as connected to an Internet Service Provider (ISP)  145  using an Internet capable appliance such as a personal computer running Internet capable software. Access to ISP  145  may be accomplished through a connection-oriented telephone network such as the well-known public-switch telephony network (PSTN) as is known in the art. An Internet access line  143  represents such as a cable-modem connection, a typical dial-up connection, an ISDN connection, a wireless digital connection, and so on. In this prior art example, ISP  145  is implemented as a dedicated provider using an Internet connection server (not shown) for providing Internet access. The arrangement illustrated herein for enabling user  141  to access Internet  147  is generally known in the art. 
     ISP  145  is connected to Internet  147  by virtue of an Internet access line as illustrated. Other equipment known in the art to be present and connected to a network such as Internet  147 , for example, IP data routers, data switches, gateway routers, and the like, are not illustrated in this prior art example, but may be assumed to be present. 
     Four Internet file servers  149 ,  151 ,  153  and  155 , are illustrated as connected to Internet  147 , which is also represented by a double arrow intended to illustrate an Internet backbone. In this prior-art example, server  149  represents a portal server hosted by Yahoo™, which is a well-known company providing on-line search services. Server  151  represents yet another portal server hosted, in this example, by Alta Vista™, which is another well-known data-search provider. 
     Yahoo™ and Alta Vista™ are examples of well-known companies that provide, Internet portal services including user WEB-directories and/or search engine interfaces for performing data searches on the Internet. Other similar services known in the art are hosted by such companies as Hotbot™, Dog Pile™, Info-Search™, and so on. Functionality provided by servers  149  and  151  is typically dependent on the exact nature of services offered by the hosting companies. Generally speaking, however, it may be assumed that user  141  may access Internet  147  and perform, at least, a data-search operation from either server  149  or server  151 . 
     Servers  153  and  155  are intended to represent advertising servers and are labeled AS 1  and AS 2 , herein. As is well known in the art, banner advertisements are advertisements that are sent to Internet users. These ads are, in one aspect, generated based on keywords or search phrases that a user exerts at a search engine prompt. In another aspect, banner ads are associated with embedded keywords or phrases associated with a user&#39;s interface. Each banner advertising company uses a unique keyword selection to generate a certain banner ad. For example, if a user exerted the keyword travel while searching from server  149  hosted by Yahoo™, a banner ad may be sent from ad server  153  (AS  1 ) soliciting a trip to Hawaii. If a same user exerted the same keyword travel while searching from server  151  hosted by Alta Vista™, a banner ad may be sent from ad server  155  (AS  2 ), soliciting a trip to Florida. Dotted-line connectors  157  and  159  are used to draw an association between Yahoo™ server  149  and ad server  153 , and between Alta Vista™ server  151  and ad server  155 . This association is a business one and is typical in prior art practice. That is to say, that one advertising company will generally service one portal company. Therefore, ad servers  153  and  155  will use different key-word associations, which trigger differing advertisements. It may be assumed in this example, that servers  153  and  155  are hosted by disparate advertising companies in competition with each other. 
     According to prior-art practice, user  141  connects to Internet  147  via connection  143  and ISP  145 . User  141  may elect to perform a search at Yahoo™ server  149  or at Alta Vista™ server  151 . Although not shown herein, user  141  exerts a keyword or search phrase during a data-search session as is known in the art. Based on the entered keywords or phrases, various URLs are retrieved from each search-engine&#39;s or directory&#39;s data-base and the results are then displayed at the user interface. 
     As keywords or phrases are entered, such keywords or phrases may be used to cause banner ads from either server  153  or  155  (depending on which portal server is in use) to be delivered into the appropriate and associated user interface. 
     As described above, servers  153  and  155  are hosted by disparate advertising companies who create and provide banner ads to user interfaces at servers  149  and  151  respectively. Examples of advertisement companies engaged in banner advertising on Internet  147  would include such known companies as Double Click™ and Net Gravity™ The aforementioned advertising companies present their banner ads on behalf of the advertised company in exchange for a commission. For Example, Double Click™ may have an agreement with an airline company, such as American Airlines™. The agreement may be such that if a user is searching for airline tickets to Hawaii at server  151  (Alta Vista™), for example, and exerts a keyword phrase tickets to Hawaii, an American Airlines™ ad might be sent by virtue of the ad server  155 , to the associated user interface. If, for example, user  141  responds to this ad by either clicking on the banner ad or elects to make a purchase of tickets from American Airlines™, it is assumed that a revenue of that click-through or sale would be paid to Double Click™ and perhaps a portion thereof to Alta Vista™. This business practice is well-known in the art. 
     In this prior-art example, banner ads are sent to a user based solely on exerted keywords or phrases exerted during a data-search and are rather impersonal. Furthermore, because servers  153  and  155  are not affiliated, there is no standardization of keywords to types of banner ads. As a result, there is a limited success or hit rate (user click) connected to delivered banner ads. Furthermore, a same user may get widely differing ads from portal to portal even though a same keyword or phrase is used in search engines. Similarly, active, in-depth, profiling of users is not typically performed by most service providers. Therefore, an ad agency does not have the ability to decide whether to send, for example, an ad from a real estate company that has featured homes in a $100,000 bracket or from a company that has featured homes in the $750,000 bracket. It would be ineffective to send an ad for a higher priced home to a moderate wage earner. The inventor provides a unique solution to the above-described limitations. Such a solution is described in detail below. 
       FIG. 8  is an overview of a communications network  161  wherein banner advertising is practiced according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this example of the present invention, the well-known Internet network, represented herein with element number  169  is chosen by the inventor as a preferred medium of communication for the same reasoning described in  FIG. 7 . However, this should not be considered limiting, as the invention could apply in other networks and combinations of networks. 
     In this embodiment, a user represented herein by element number  163  (Internet-appliance icon) is illustrated as connected to an ISP  167  by virtue of an Internet connection line  165 . In turn, ISP  167  is connected to Internet network  169  via an Internet access line as is known in the art. User  163 , line  165 , and ISP  167 , may be assumed to be analogous to user  141 , line  143 , and ISP  145 , as described in  FIG. 7 . Also as described in  FIG. 7 , additional equipment known in the art to be present and connected to an Internet network such as Internet Network  169  may be assumed to exist in this example. Examples of such equipment include, but are not limited to, IP data routers, data switches, gateway routers, and the like. It may also be assumed in this example, that Internet connection is achieved through a connection-oriented network such as the well-known PSTN. 
     A double-arrowed line illustrated with an Internet network  169  represents an Internet backbone and may be assumed to contain all of the lines, connection points, and equipment known to make up the Internet network as a whole. Therefore, there&#39;s no geographic limit to the practice of the present invention. 
     In this example, three advertisement servers are illustrated as connected to the backbone of network  169 . These are, ad server  173  (AS  1 ), ad server  175  (AS  2 ), and ad server  177  (AS  3 ). As described above, ad servers are hosted by advertising companies that send banner ads to a user interface based on search functions, and in some cases content keywords contained in within a user interface. 
     In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a unique server labeled herein with element number  171  is provided within network  169  and adapted as a broker-server that communicates with each of servers  173 - 177 . Server  171  is termed an ad-broker by the inventor. According to a unique method, ad-broker of  171  is dedicated to brokering the activities of servers  173 - 177  such that a standardization is created with respect to ad similarity in association with similar keyword attributes. Negotiation between ad broker  171  and servers  173 - 177  is illustrated herein by a dotted connector-tree  181 . 
     A unique broker-software application  191  is provided and adapted to associate a specific set of keywords or phrases to individual ones of the banner-ads stored and servers  173 - 177 . Application  191  is manipulated, in a preferred embodiment, by an ad-broker knowledge worker or administrator (not shown), the presence of which, may be assumed in this example. In actual practice, an ad-broker administrator would command a computerized workstation connected to the backbone of network  169 , and would have access to server  171  and subsequently, servers  173 - 177 . More about the function of application  191  will be provided below. 
     The example illustrated herein represents an embodiment wherein cobrand services are utilized as described with respect to  FIGS. 4-6  above. In this regard, 2 cobrand servers are provided and illustrated herein as connected to the Internet backbone of Internet network  169 . These are, cobrand server  183  and cobrand server  187 . Servers  183  and  185  may be assumed to be analogous to servers  91 - 95  of  FIG. 4  above. Also illustrated, is a portal server  185 , which may be assumed to be analogous to portal server  103  of  FIG. 4 . 
     It was described further above, that cobranded services provide added functionality for subscribers to cobrand partners by redirecting them from partner-maintained servers to a user interfaces maintained in a server hosted by the service-providing company. In this way, users enjoy the benefit of existing services with added capability of managing multiple accounts from a single interface (data aggregation). It is desired by the inventor in this case that the banner ads streaming into these cobrand interfaces are somewhat normalized and personalized for users operating from within those interfaces. More particularly, it is desired that when a single user has multiple cobrand interfaces, that banner ads delivered thereto from disparate and companies are at least similar if not reflecting somewhat the status of the user as determined through profiling, and perhaps keywords or phrases derived from user content included within an interface. 
     Referring now back to  FIG. 8 , servers  183  and  187  are cobrand servers maintained in this example, by a company hosting portal server  185 . Servers  149  and  151  of  FIG. 7  are not illustrated in this embodiment, but may be assumed to be present. For example, server  183  might be a cobrand server setup for Yahoo™. Server  187  might be a cobrand server setup for Alta Vista™. There are many possibilities. 
     It may be assumed in this example, that user  163  has registered for a user interface in servers  183 ,  185 , and  187 . It may also be assumed in this embodiment, that one of servers  173 - 177  serves banner ads to one of servers  183 - 187  through an extension of normal contractual arrangement pre-existing between the advertisement companies and the cobrand partner companies previously described. Because servers  173 - 177  are not affiliated with one another and do not return similar ads based on similar keywords or phrases, it is the job of ad broker  171  to insure that similar keywords or phrases exerted from, or in some embodiments, embedded into user interfaces invoke the presence of similar advertisements sourced from disparate ad servers  173 - 177 . 
     In order to accomplish the above-described goal, the company hosting ad broker  171 , which in this case, is the same company hosting portal server  185 , must work closely with each of the companies hosting servers  173 - 177 . For example, all of the keywords and associated banner-ad descriptions must be obtained from server  173 . The just-described process must be repeated for servers  175  and  177  respectively. This process is illustrated logically within application  191  by an arrow tree associating ad-broker keywords to disparate sets of ad-server keywords. 
     In one embodiment, a set of generalized keywords generic to ad-broker  171  is mapped to existing keywords used at each of ad servers  173 - 177 . In this embodiment, each ad description is reviewed in order to determine if the particular ad it is appropriate for a particular ad-broker-generated keyword. In this case, a broker keyword travel may be mapped to existing keyword vacation with respect to ad server  173 , resort with respect to ad server  175 , and lodge with respect to ad server  177 . In each case, the actual advertisements equated to each existing keyword with respect to ad servers  173 - 177  would be carefully reviewed to insure that they are appropriate and similar in scope with respect to each other. 
     In another embodiment, ad broker keywords are used in-place of existing ad server keywords at the location of each ad server hundred  173 - 177 . In this case, each ad server  173 - 177  would utilize two sets of keywords. One for delivering ads to normal interfaces and one for delivering ads to cobranded interfaces. Standard Internet address recognition may be used to determine whether an ad is destined for a normal interface or a cobranded interface. 
     Information about users subscribing to cobranded interfaces may be solicited for the purpose of assisting ad broker  171  in creating a flexible set of keywords that function to return ads from servers  173 - 177  that are not just normalized, but also somewhat personalized to the status of a user. For example, an annual income reported by a user may be used to enhance ads streamed to that user. For example, a keyword travel may be created by administrator working with application  191  such that the keyword has three states. Each state of the keyword may reflect a certain income range of a user. If a user&#39;s annual income is over $150,000 annually, then the keyword travel a may be employed. Users earning between $80,000 and $150,000 annually may be assigned travel b. Users earning between 0 and $80,000 annually may be assigned travel c. Banner ads stored within servers  173 - 177  may be carefully selected and associated with various states of keywords or phrases. It is noted herein, that the analytical process that must be performed for reviewing banner ads and mapping broker keywords to existing ad keywords, or replacing ad keywords with broker keywords is performed by an administrator or knowledge worker as previously described. However, and one embodiment this determination process may be performed electronically using knowledge-base technology. 
     In one embodiment, keywords may be parsed from user interfaces and complied electronically. For example, instead of a knowledge worker making a logical determination pertaining to which keywords will be broker keywords, keywords may be randomly parsed from the HTML or other language contained within banner ads themselves. A banner ad may have the keywords, “cross-stitching”, “knitting” and “women” contained therein. Banner ads of this nature, would only be sent to a user interface wherein profile information indicates that the particular user enjoys crafts and is of the female gender. In this case, a keyword set parsed from a particular banner ad is matched with the particular keyword set describing a user. Electronic matching of keywords sets may be accomplished from within ad broker  171  by virtue of broker application  191 . 
     In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, user  163  may be a subscriber at portal server  185 , which in this embodiment is not a cobrand server, but the portal server maintained by the same company hosting ad broker  171 . It might be, that ad server  175  serves ads to portal server  185 . In this case, ad broker  171  brokers ads for server  185  as well as servers  183  and  187 , which cobrand servers. 
     In one embodiment of the present invention, a user subscribing to a portal service providing cobranded services may also utilize other portal services as described above. Through benefit of having an extensive profile knowledge of a particular user, the service-hosting company may work with advertising companies to extend ad normalization and customization to such users when they are utilizing normal portal interfaces such as Altavista™ or Yahoo™. Advertisements may be personalized to the extent of knowledge about a particular user by tracing the user&#39;s identity when he visits a non-cobranded interface. This can be accomplished through cookie exchange. In this way personalized ads may be caused to follow the user at other popular interfaces. 
     Site Tracker Architecture 
       FIG. 9  is an overview of a network-architecture  193  wherein Web-site tracking is practiced according to an embodiment of the present invention. Architecture  193  comprises a data-packet-network (DPN)  195 , which in this example is the well-known Internet, a portal service domain  199 , and an exemplary Web-developer  210 . In this example, Internet  195  is chosen by the inventor as a preferred medium of communication because of its high public-access characteristic. However, this should not be considered limiting, as the invention could apply in other networks and combinations of networks. Examples include, a corporate intranet, a private wide-area-network (WAN), and so on. 
     An Internet backbone  197  is provided within Internet network  193  and represents all of the lines, connection points, and equipment that make of the Internet network is a whole. Therefore, there is no geographic limitation to practice the present invention. A Web server  207  is illustrated within Internet  193  and connected to backbone  197 . Web server  207  is adapted as an Internet server containing information pages known as Web pages in the art. Such information pages are typically hyper-text-markup-language (HTML)-scripted electronic pages that provide certain interactive services to users who patronize them. Another Web server  209  is illustrated within Internet  193  and connected to backbone  197 . Web server  209  is adapted identically as Web server  207  described above. Servers  207  and  209  may in one embodiment, be shared by a plurality of companies providing Web-based services. 
     In this example it is assumed that individual Web pages contained in server  207  and  209  may be hosted by a variety of different service providers. In another embodiment, server  207  may be hosted by a single entity wherein all of the web pages contained therein belong to that entity. The same may be said of server  209 , or a single host may own and control both sites. It is noted herein that there may be many more Web servers provided and connected to backbone  197  than are illustrated in this example. However, the inventors illustrates two such servers and deem such illustrations adequate for the purpose of explanation of the present invention. 
     A portal-service domain  199  is illustrated within Internet  193 . Portal domain  199 , enclosed within a dotted rectangle, represents a company providing Internet portal services to a plurality of subscribing users as is taught in application Ser. No. 09/208,740 listed in the cross-reference section above. Portal domain  199  may be assumed to include all of the required equipment and connections necessary for providing Web-portal services including proxy navigation and data-gathering services. 
     A Web server  201  is provided within portal domain  199  and illustrated as connected to backbone  197 . Server  201  is adapted as a Website tracking server, which is enabled by virtue of a novel software instance (SW)  205 . SW  205  is provided and adapted to enable server  201  to track various states, conditions and activity related to any electronic information pages (Websites) held in either of servers  207  or  209 , which represent all servers connected to the Internet. A data repository (DR)  203  is provided within domain  199  and illustrated as connected to server  201  by virtue of a high-speed data link. Data repository  203  is adapted to store data pertaining to states, conditions, activities and any other relevant data about electronic information pages stored in servers  207  and  209 , which are subject to monitoring by server  201 . Data repository  203  may be an external data repository as is illustrated herein, or may be an internal repository to server  201 . 
     In this example, portal domain  199  seeks to provide and maintain functional access by proxy on behalf of its subscribers to specific Websites described above as being contained in servers  207  and  209 . Functional access, as used in this specification, is defined as an ability to fully interact with Web pages hosted in servers  207  and  209  in fully automated fashion on behalf of subscribers without requiring any input from individual subscribers other than a simple request. Full interaction may include but is not limited to navigation, form filling, automatic login, automatic registration, data gathering, data summarizing, and automated purchasing. SW  205  functions to aid in realizing this goal, according to embodiments of the present invention, by providing an automated data pool, which is accessible through accessing repository  203 . The data pool contains all of the current data that may be relevant to any monitored Websites in organized and readily useable format. 
     Web-developer  210  operates a personal computer (PC)  211  connected to backbone  197  by virtue of an Internet connection path  213  in order to access servers  207 ,  209  and  201 . In this example, developer  210  is operating from a remote location outside of portal domain  199 . However, in another embodiment, developer  210  may be stationed within domain  199  and be connected to server  201  via a LAN connection. In this case, connection to backbone  197  may also be part of LAN capability. It is a responsibility of Web developer  210  to create functional software routines for enabling automated access to functional services offered through interactive information pages contained in servers  207  and  209 . It is also the responsibility of developer  210  to maintain functional access to such services over time by adapting to any changes in states or conditions that occur for any of the target Websites. 
     In practice a plurality of developers, each operating connected workstations, are employed for creating and maintaining functional access to Web site services selected for automation. The inventor illustrates a single developer and deems the illustration sufficient for describing the present invention. Moreover, there may be many more servers hosting Websites connected to backbone  197  that are subject to monitoring than are illustrated herein. The inventor illustrates 2 servers, servers  207  and  209 , for illustrative purpose only. 
     SW  205  empowers server  201  to monitor and obtain any relevant data from any activity specific to monitored Websites available through servers  207  and  209 . The data obtained in this fashion is stored in database  203  and is accessible to developer  210  as previously described. In a preferred embodiment developer  210  accesses site-tracking software  205  through a Web browser installed on PC  211 . Developer  210  mines data from repository  203  for the purpose of facilitating performance of his or her responsibility, which is to create and maintain automated access to Web site services on behalf of subscribers and to maintain functionality of Websites in this regard over time. More detail regarding the function of and interaction with SW  205  is provided below. 
       FIG. 10  is a block diagram illustrating various communication pathways and functionalities of a site-tracking interaction process according to an embodiment of the present invention. This block diagram, according to an embodiment of the present invention, is intended to illustrate exemplary communication pathways and automated software processes that may be initiated and invoked during interaction between developers and site tracking software  205 . 
     The process for selecting sites for Web automation on behalf of portal subscribers may be aided in a number of ways. It is preferred that sites selected for automation be popular sites with many end-users. Therefore, a site may not be selected for automation unless a large number of end-users have repeatedly requested the site or, it is generally known in Internet community that the site in question enjoys a wide popularity. Automated sites may, in some embodiments, be presented to users in the form of a list of sites made available through a portal server  219 . A user clicking on an icon asserting an address for such an automated site may, if desired, be automatically registered to or subscribed to the site and its services. Moreover, any services offered by a site may be accessed and manipulated on behalf of a requesting user without the user being required to visit the site. 
     In one embodiment, site selection for automation may be reserved for a specific group of high-level employees such as, perhaps, a marketing group. The decision to add a site may be based on a certain period of prior research into the site and its services. Furthermore, negotiation with companies hosting selected sites may, in some respects, have to be completed before a site may be added. 
     A new site request, illustrated herein as site request  221  enters a production queue  223  after it is confirmed that the site will be added. Production queue  223  may be a part of the function of server  201  of  FIG. 9 . Queue  223  contains all of the required parameters associated with all of the approved site requests. Such parameters are organized in the form of job orders in one embodiment, which are then sent to software  205 . Software  205  accepts a job order for a new site addition and begins monitoring the specific web site for the purpose of gaining information that will aid in developing the automated routines used to enable access to the site by proxy. This function is illustrated herein by a monitoring and statistics gathering function  231  accompanied by a bi-directional communication arrow between software  205  in a plurality of Web servers  228 ,  229 , and  230 . 
     Web servers  228 ,  229 , and  230  are analogous to Web servers  207  and  209  of  FIG. 9 . In this example, Web servers  228 - 230  are Web servers hosting Websites selected for automation. A production database  200  is provided for keeping track of production status related to the process of automating a Web site. In order to fully automate a Web site, data about the target site must be obtained using function  231 . For example, HTML data structure must be obtained for each site. The data paths and processes used to access services from a site must be mapped. It may also be desired to record other data during a monitoring period before any automated routines are written for providing proxy access to a site. 
     When enough data is obtained about a site by virtue of monitoring and statistics gathering function  231 , the target site is assigned to developer  210  for production and future maintenance. In one embodiment of the present invention a developer may specialize in a certain type of sites. For example, one developer may be assigned to all sports-related sites. Another developer may be assigned to all news-related sites. Yet another developer may be assigned to all finance-related sites. In this way developers may specialize in developing and maintaining the kind of routines that work well with specific types of sites. 
     Software  205 , in a preferred embodiment, utilizes special software modules (not shown) for obtaining specific types of data from a web site. Some of this data is, of course, required before routines may be written by developers to automate a site. Other types of data must be obtained through persistent site monitoring in order to inform developers when certain activity or status changes occur at a site wherein such changes may affect the functionality of automated access to the site. Because there are many categories of data that may be obtained from any single Web site, specialized reporting modules are used by software  205  for accessing and reporting specific types of data. Although such modules are not specifically illustrated in this embodiment, one with skill in the art will recognize the logical use and implementation of such modules from further description provided below. 
     A job order/status reporting module is provided within software  205  and adapted to generate a continually or frequently updated production report on the process of automating a particular web site. Such a report may be obtained through production database  200 . In this way site developers, managers, and other individuals concerned with the process may view current status related to the production of sites-in-progress. 
     A compatibility assessment module is provided within software  205  and adapted to assess various technologies used in a web site and generate reports suggesting compatible technologies that may be used in providing successful automation to a site. For example, if a Web service uses Surround video technology and a selection technique for viewing and selecting items available for purchase, then an automated routine for accessing the service must incorporate an interface that understands that process. A compatibility assessment routine is completed, in a preferred embodiment, before any automated routines are written for a particular web site. 
     A content specification module is provided within software  205  and adapted to generate a report specifying the content available from a particular web site. This data would also be obtained before any automated routines are written for accessing services from the site. In one aspect, a determination of negative content made available for a site may cause such a site to be rejected for production and de-selected for automation. 
     Developer  210 , through communication with software  205 , may access all of the relevant data required to begin developing automated routines for accessing the site and performing services offered through the site. This is illustrated by a bi-directional communication arrow labeled communication illustrated between developer  210  software  205 . In one embodiment, developer  210  may simply access an assignment sheet to view newly assigned job orders, and then access the relevant data about the sites from a connected data repository (DR  203   FIG. 9 ). In another embodiment, notifications may be sent to developer  210  when the sites are assigned and data is available to begin production. 
     Once developer  210  creates automated routines that will ultimately be used to access and perform services through a site on behalf of users, it is desired that the routines may be tested for functionality before actually being implemented as a functional and automated template that will be used by a navigation system at the site (debug). If automated routines were allowed to stand before being tested, they may fail in the field causing inconveniences for both the navigation system and for end-users. Therefore, a performance test module is provided within software  205  and adapted to emulate or model the software processes required for successful interaction with a site. A test module is created for and is specific to a particular site. Developer  210  may execute automated routines on the test module to see if they will succeed or fail. A test module may include a reporting feature for generating a failure report, which lists the point and cause of failure of an executed routine. Testing routines before actual implementation greatly increases the efficiency of a proxy navigation system as a whole. 
     After a site is successfully automated and ready for implementation, a link to the newly offered site is sent to portal server  219  as illustrated by a directional arrow emanating from software  205  to portal server  219  and labeled link to site added. A newly offered site may be presented in a list of sites made available through portal server  219  to portal-service subscribers (portal subscriber  217 ). 
     Continued monitoring of an added web site is performed by software  205  after a site is automated and made available to portal subscribers. In a preferred embodiment, specialized modules are used in this phase of monitoring as well. For example, a statistics module is provided within software  205  and adapted to obtain statistics related to ongoing instances of accessing the site on behalf of portal subscribers. Such statistics may include but are not limited to site performance statistics, instances of site access per given time period, percentage of services requested from the site, statistics related to continued popularity of the site, and so on. 
     A site history module is provided within software  205  and adapted to compile a history report related to content updates, address changes, added technologies, and other changes made to a particular site, some of which may directly affect success or failure and accessing the site and performing services at the site. It is intended, of course, that any immediate changes to a Web site are reported back to a developers charged with maintaining the site for automated access. However, compiling a history may also aid a developer in predicting when a site change may occur. 
     An error history module is provided within software  205  and adapted to compile an error history report detailing successes and failures of automated routines, which are logged in ongoing fashion as a site is routinely accessed and manipulated for services. Such a report can be studied by a developer to determine best ways for streamlining automated routines, and perhaps fine-tuning them for more efficient execution. 
     A bug reporting module is provided within software  205  and adapted to compile a list of open bugs still affecting a site. This report may be included in production database  200  so that production status may be obtained concerning the process of fixing or working around existing bugs in a particular web site. In this way, a third party may observe the progress of fine-tuning and maintaining automation of a web site after a site is added. If a particular web site is currently not fully automated because of bugs, which have occurred since automation, a developer charged to the site may be notified as a matter of priority, to escalate work on the effected site. 
     An error dump module is provided within software  205  and adapted to compile a detailed error report listing all of the errors have occurred with a particular site including all of the parameters connected to such errors. This report logs the type of error, the point of error, the cause of the error, and the system result of the error. Any personal information connected to the error such as user ID, credit card information, Social Security information, or any other personal information is automatically discarded before the error is entered into a dump file. In this way, errors may be researched in detail without releasing or compromising any user information. 
     In one embodiment of the present invention specialized modules as described above may in some instances be distributed within servers  228 ,  229 , and  230  as self-contained modules adapted to report information back to software instance  205 . In other embodiments, the specialized modules described above may be executed from within server  201  of  FIG. 9 . There are many possibilities. Breaking software  205  down into a plurality of specialized modules allows for independent and succinct reports and activity logs which are dedicated to revealing specific conditions and states related to tracked websites. 
     It will be apparent to one with skill in the art that the method and apparatus of the present invention provides an automated way to obtain virtually any type of information from a web site or hosting server. Furthermore, dividing the functionality of software  205  into a plurality of dedicated modules allows data to be quickly organized into usable format for access by developers. The method and apparatus of the present invention greatly enhances the production of web site developers in that they are not required to physically obtain the information through traditional methods. Moreover, efficiency in creating compatible routines for enabling automated access and site manipulation is greatly enhanced by providing developers with a wealth of information that is immediately accessible. 
     The inventor intends that the architecture, as well as the general process illustrated herein represent exemplary embodiments for practicing the present invention. There are many other embodiments wherein the method and apparatus of present invention may be practiced. The method and apparatus of the present invention may be practiced via private individuals on the Internet, businesses operating on a WAN connected to the Internet, businesses operating via private WAN, and so on. There are many customizable situations. 
     Website Change Detection 
     In one aspect of the present invention, an alternative method and apparatus is provided for the purpose of detecting changes or updates to websites and affecting efficient and timely repairs to the instruction templates, which are used for proxy navigation to and interaction with the sites. 
       FIG. 11  is an overview of a network architecture  233  wherein website change detection is practiced according to an embodiment of the present invention. Network architecture  233  comprises a data-packet-network  235 , an aggregation service provider  239 , and a plurality of Web servers  253 ,  255 , and  257 . 
     Data-packet-network  235  is, in this example, the Internet network. The inventor chooses the Internet as a preferred example in this specification because of its high public-access characteristic. The present invention may also be practiced on a corporate or private wide-area-network (WAN), a corporate or private local-area-network (LAN), an Intranet, or any combination of the above as long as Internet transaction and communication protocols are supported and observed. 
     An Internet backbone  237  is illustrated as passing through Internet cloud  235  and represents all of the lines, equipment, and connection points to make up the Internet network as a whole. Therefore, there is no geographic limitation to practice of the present invention. In this example, Internet backbone  237  provides logical network connection to servers  253 - 257  and to network equipment residing within aggregation provider  239 . 
     Aggregation provider  239  is analogous to portal domain  199  of  FIG. 9  above. Provider  239  is a data aggregation and summary service provider capable of obtaining aggregating and summarizing data on behalf of users requiring no direct user interaction. 
     Web servers  253 - 257  represent Internet servers hosted by various companies making information and services available to users through the Internet network ( 235 ). Servers  253 - 257  are adapted to serve electronic information pages, commonly referred to as Web pages in the art, to requesting users. Such electronic information pages are typically hyper-text-markup-language (HTML) interactive interfaces, however such interfaces are not limited to HTML as there are other known Internet-capable languages used for constructing Web pages. 
     Provided within aggregation provider  239  (dotted rectangle) are three Web developers illustrated herein as computer icons  247 , and  249 , and  251 . The use of computer icons in this representation symbolizes standard workstations used by developers of software applications utilized by provider  239 . Developers represent human resources manning computers  247 - 251 . In this example, computer stations  247 - 251  are interconnected by virtue of a LAN network  248 . There may be many more computer stations that are illustrated in this example without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The bi-directional arrows illustrated on LAN  248  illustrate LAN connectivity to still more computers can possibly other types of equipment. 
     Computer stations  247 ,  249 , and  251  are adapted by virtue of software (not shown) to enable developers to create and repair functional software scripts or templates used by provider  239  for enabling proxy navigation to and interaction with electronic information pages stored in servers  253 ,  255 , and  257 . It may be assumed in this example than one developer, sometimes referred to as a knowledge worker, is stationed at each computer  247 ,  249 , and  251 . The responsibility of the described developers is to ensure that proxy navigation sequences conducted on behalf of users run smoothly and successfully with little or no error occurrences. 
     A navigation server (NS)  241  is illustrated within the domain of provider  239  and adapted as a proxy navigation and interaction system capable of spawning personalized instances of a navigator for performing duties on behalf of a requesting user. Each instance of navigator performs according to an executable, machine-readable template. Each template defines and directs the ordered navigation and interaction task. An actual parent instance of navigation software and spawned navigator instances are not detailed in this example but may be assumed to be present and operative. 
     A data repository  246  is illustrated within the domain of provider  239  and is connected to navigation server  241  by a high-speed data link. Repository  246  is mostly dedicated to storing user profile data along with instruction templates used for proxy navigation and interaction with websites. A data repository  245  is also illustrated within the domain of provider  239 , and is also connected to navigation server  241  by a high-speed data link. Repository  245  is adapted to store records of website changes wherein the changes may require existing navigation templates to be updated in order to provide successful and non-interrupted navigation and interaction for users patronizing the service. In this example, data repositories  245  and  246  are external repositories. However, they may also be internal data repositories. Repository  246  is illustrated as directly connected to navigation server  241 , however in actual practice repository  246  is connected to a main portal server (user interface), which is not shown in this example. Repository  246  may be accessible through a main portal server and through navigation server  241 . 
     A software application (SW)  243  is provided and adapted to reside within navigation server  241 . Software application  243  is adapted to provide a unique monitoring and flagging service that uses navigation routines (templates) to sample electronic information pages in order to determine if any changes have occurred which may interrupt normal proxy navigation routines. Navigation server  241 , in addition to running actual requested routines, also periodically executes sample routines created solely for the purpose of detecting any changes in site architecture. Sample routines, also termed scripts by the inventor, are created by software developers manning computer stations  247 - 251 . 
     Software  243  is integrated with navigation software such that any actual or sample navigation scripts flag the first encountered error in the navigation routine that results in a failure to successfully complete the routine. Error scripts are deposited into data repository  245  in the form of error files (file dump). Error files are accessed by developers  247 - 251  as they occur in data repository  245 . Error files contain site identification and failed scripts with a flag identifying the first encountered error or change detected by the script. Using this information, developers manning stations  247 - 251  physically navigate to the target websites using their own navigation systems (browser applications). Once the target sites are accessed, developers may obtain the source information of the sites including any structural changes that may need to be implemented in repairing navigation scripts. 
     It is noted herein that navigation scripts are, in preferred embodiments, executable instructions created with Java-based applications or other object-oriented tools. A navigation script includes all of the required instruction for navigating to sites and all of the required instruction for navigating through the sites. It is also noted herein, that a through-site portion or site logic portion of a navigation script may contain more than one identifiable interaction task. Therefore, site-logic blocks, which are modular parts of whole navigation orders contain all of the possible interaction instructions available at the associated site. In a given navigation order, the associated site-logic blocks are activated to enable only the specified interactions described in the request portion of the order specified by the requesting user. 
     The modular concept used in constructing navigation orders enables site-logic portions as well as login portions and other functional portions of the order to be interchanged in an efficient manner. For example, if a navigation order enables navigation to and auto-login with a particular website, the same order may be used for all individuals. Only the auto-login block of the order, which is different for each individual, would need to be interchanged. The inventor provides through software  243  that existing navigation orders may have obsolete site-logic blocks replaced with updated site-logic blocks in an automated fashion. More about this capability is described below. 
     In practice of the present invention, it is desired that actual orders are frequently updated with any required changes before an opportunity exists for navigation failure due to improper logic. Therefore, developers manning stations  247 - 251  create dummy navigation scripts, which are dispatched to all known websites by virtue of navigation server  241 . Such dummy scripts are sent on a periodic basis in order to quickly discover when a website has been updated structurally. If a dummy script is successful in navigating through the site using all of the interaction options known to be available at the site, then it is assumed that the site has not been structurally changed. However, when a dummy script fails at some point during navigation through the site, the script, the site identification, and a flag denoting the point of failure are sent as an error file to data repository  245 . 
     Web developers manning stations  247 - 251  routinely and periodically access data repository  245  in order to pull error files indicating changed sites. Using their own Web browsers, developers manning stations  247 - 251  physically navigate to all suspected sites, which in this example are served by Web servers  253 - 257 . Once a suspected site has been successfully accessed by a Web developer, the source information and structure of the site is accessed and incorporated for progress of affecting repair to the dummy template, which originally failed at some point while navigating through the site. 
     A new site-logic block is created to replace a now defunct site-logic block resulting in a template that now successfully navigates through the site. All existing navigation orders employing the same defunct site-logic block are automatically updated in all of the databases wherein they may occur. In this way, existing navigation orders are automatically updated in the most efficient manner. 
     In addition to creating and dispatching dummy navigation scripts, existing scripts operating on behalf of users are also dumped into data repository  245  if a navigation or interaction failure occurs. In this case, all personal data to a user such as credit card numbers, user names, passwords, and the like are deleted or masked or security reasons. It is a goal of the present invention to avoid failure of an actual operating script by diligently dispatching dummy scripts periodically in order to catch changes before they affect actual client data orders. 
       FIG. 12  is a block diagram illustrating various functional modules that are part of change detection software  243  of  FIG. 11  according to an embodiment of the present invention. Software  243  as described above, is provided to enable creation of dummy navigation scripts that may be used for test navigation to and interaction with known websites. Software  243  contains various functional modules for purposes of enabling various functions. 
     A scripting module  261  is provided within software  243  and adapted to allow dummy templates to be created and modified. Module  261  functions as a developer tool capable of building, inserting, deleting, and otherwise modifying parameters associated with a navigation order. It is important to note herein, that in a case of dummy scripting, known actual user passwords, user names, or other user information of the personal nature to a client is not required. The service provider may maintain its own separate accounts with all of the websites that may be subject to testing. In the undesirable event that an actual navigation order performing on behalf of a user encounters failure during performance, all personalized information contained in the order that may be personal to the requesting user is deleted or masked before an error file containing the order is created. 
     The change notification module  263  is provided within software  243  and adapted to enable a flag to be set at the first point-of-failure. For example, if a navigation and interaction sequence is successful up until a certain table or another interactive feature of the target site must be accessed, and it proceeds to fail because the table or other interactive feature is missing, then a flag would be set at that particular point in the sequence. Because a navigation sequence comprises actions perform in a serial fashion, only a first failure-point wherein further navigation and/or interaction may not proceed is flagged. A developer then would subsequently access the site and obtain the source information from the point-of-failure on. 
     A database interface module  265  is provided within software  243  and adapted to enable developer and system interfacing with data repositories  245  and  246  of  FIG. 11 . Such interface capability includes entering error files into a file dump and propagating repaired instruction modules to existing templates contained in repository  246  or in other repositories. Module  265  also enables Web developers to access data repositories  245  and  246  of  FIG. 11 . A developer interface module  267  is provided within software  243  and adapted to function as a direct communication interface to Web developers operating on a network. In one embodiment, interface module  267  works in conjunction with scripting module  261  allowing a developer to interface with software  243  and create and repair scripts at the same time. In another embodiment, scripts are updated off-line without using module  243 . In this case, scripting module  261  would be provided in another location such as on one of workstations  247 - 251  of  FIG. 11 . 
     A navigation interface module  269  is provided within software  243  and adapted to integrate to proxy navigation software for periodic execution of the dummy navigation scripts described above. In one embodiment of the present invention, an additional proxy navigation system is provided and dedicated for executing test scripts created by the Web developers of  FIG. 11 . In this way, execution of actual client orders is not in any way delayed by insertion of test runs into the system. 
     The execution of dummy or test scripts occurs periodically at a frequency, which is preferably greater than the frequency of client navigation to websites using the same scripts. In some cases, websites will be so popular that checking them with a greater frequency than actual client usage will be difficult if not impossible. In these cases, dummy scripts are routines may be executed at certain times when client usage is at its lowest point. 
     It will be apparent to one with skill in the art that there may be more functional modules provided within software  243  than are illustrated in this example without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. For example, an alert module may be provided and adapted to tag all existing navigation routines immediately upon discovering through a test run that a website has been changed to an extent where the existing routines would fail. Such an alert would automatically delay any subsequent execution of tagged routines until the appropriate logic blocks of those routines are replaced with updated blocks. In this way, appropriate notification can be sent to users requesting on-demand services. Such a notification may simply inform a user that results of his request may be delayed by an estimated time period not to exceed one or two hours (window of repair time). If a time parameter is applied at the instant of a flag-set indicating discovery of a website change, then a user may be quoted an estimated time for successful application of a request. Most change orders are successfully completed by Web developers within a two hour time window. 
       FIG. 13  is a process flow diagram illustrating steps for practicing website change detection according to an embodiment of the present invention. At step  271 , an attempt to access and navigate through a site is unsuccessful due to a change in website architecture rendering one or more interactive options available at the site unavailable to current site logic routines developed for the site. In preferred embodiments, this is discovered through executing dummy navigation scripts wherein no client is involved. In some cases however, an actual client order may fail at some point of navigation indicating a website change. In either case, a flag is set at a first point in the routine that was unsuccessful and an error file is created at step  273 . The error file contains the navigation order flagged at a point in the routine where the failure occurred, identification of the associated site, and a brief description of the error if available. 
     At step  275 , error files are entered into a file dump in a data repository where they may be later accessed for review. Steps  271 ,  273 , and  275  occur on an ongoing basis. Error files are continually being entered into a data repository as they are created. At step  277 , a Web developer charged with incorporating changes into existing navigation routines accesses the data dump of step  275  and obtains the error file containing the logged failure, which occurred at step  271 . 
     Using the information contained in the file, the Web developer navigates to the suspect website using his or her personal navigator at step  278 . Once the suspect website has been accessed by the Web developer, the source information for the site is accessed by the Web developer. The source information contains all of the sites data structure including structural updates or changes that have been applied at the site since the last successful interaction with the site. 
     At step  280 , a new logic-block (script) is created by the Web developer incorporating the new source information accessed from the site. It is important to note herein that there may be only one, or more than one change that has to be incorporated into a new logic block. Likewise, there are wide variety of changes that might be present. For example, a structure change within a website may include rearrangement of tables, hyperlinks, and so on. There may be additional hyperlinks added, existing hyperlinks removed, as well as address changes and other structural alterations. All of the structural updates are accessible from the source information of a website. The new correct information is used in the construction of a new logic block. 
     At step  281 , the new logic block created in step  280  is mirrored to all of the existing navigation orders containing now-defunct logic blocks. The new logic block installs itself in place of the defunct blocks in all existing navigation orders warehoused for clients. Navigation orders utilizing variable functions of logic blocks containing more than one interactive function must be reviewed to determine if the correct one or number of available functions within the new logic block is still properly identified for execution according to order. For example, a site-logic block may contain four optional functions of which only one of the functions is identified for execution by particular navigation order. 
     If a function available at a website as originally identified in a navigation order has been eliminated, replaced, or altered in a new logic block such that it is not, the portion of the navigation order identifying the function must be modified to suit. This may be accomplished in an automated fashion by adding a parsing and scripting function to server software responsible for management of the individual navigation orders. For example, upon instance of a new logic block installation into a navigation order, the parsing function parses the new function identifier. The scripting function than replaces the old function identifier with the new function identifier. In this way, the original navigation order may utilize the correct action specified within the new logic block. If a new logic block no longer contains the function option identified for execution in a particular navigation order, then that navigation order is no longer valid for performing the intended user request. In such a case, notification would be sent to the requesting user. 
     It will be apparent to one with skill in the art, that the method and apparatus of the present invention enables automated website change detection without burdening hosts of such sites with requirements for embedding data-reporting modules or the like. Furthermore, the modular and executable nature of site-navigation and logic blocks promotes automated installation of updated versions into proxy-navigation orders. 
     The present invention as taught herein and above should be afforded the broadest of scope. The spirit and scope of the present invention is limited only by the claims that follow.