Patent Publication Number: US-2021162404-A1

Title: Fluid device

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The invention relates to a fluidic device. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Recently, development of micro-total analysis systems (μ-TAS) for the purpose of an increase in speed, an increase in efficiency, and an increase in a degree of integration of tests in the field of in-vitro diagnosis or microminiaturization of test equipment has attracted attention and active study thereof has progressed in the world. 
     μ-TAS are more excellent than test equipment in the related art in that μ-TAS can measure and analyze a small amount of a sample, can be carried, can be used at a low cost and discarded, and the like. 
     μ-TAS have attracted attention as a method with high usefulness when a reagent of a high price is used or when small amounts of samples and large numbers of samples are tested. 
     A device including a flow path and a pump disposed in the flow path has been reported as an element of μ-TAS (Non Patent Document 1). In such a device, a plurality of solutions are mixed in the flow path by injecting the plurality of solutions into the flow path and activating the pump. 
     RELATED ART DOCUMENTS 
     Patent Document 
     [Patent Document 1] 
     
         
         Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First Publication No. 2005-65607 
       
    
     [Non Patent Document 1] 
     
         
         Jong Wook Hong, Vincent Studer, Giao Hang, W French Anderson and Stephen R Quake, Nature Biotechnology 22, 435-439 (2004) 
       
    
     SUMMARY OF INVENTION 
     According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fluidic device including: a flow path into which a solution is introduced; and a reservoir in which the solution is accommodated and which supplies the solution to the flow path, wherein a length of the reservoir in a direction in which the solution flows toward the flow path is greater than a width perpendicular to the length, and wherein a width and a depth of the reservoir are formed in a size based on a capillary length which is calculated based on a surface tension and a density of the solution and acceleration which includes gravity and which is applied to the solution. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic front view of a fluidic device according to an embodiment. 
         FIG. 2  is a bottom view of a substrate plate  9  according to the embodiment. 
         FIG. 3  is a cross-sectional view along an A-A line in  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a reservoir according to the embodiment. 
         FIG. 5  is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a reservoir according to the embodiment. 
         FIG. 6  is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a reservoir according to the embodiment. 
         FIG. 7  is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a radius r of a reservoir according to the embodiment and a volume V of a solution maintained therein and a relationship between a capillary rise height and the volume V of a solution maintained therein. 
         FIG. 8  is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a length of a short side of a reservoir according to the embodiment and a capillary rise height. 
         FIG. 9  is a partial detailed diagram schematically illustrating a reservoir according to the embodiment. 
         FIG. 10  is a plan view schematically illustrating the fluidic device according to the embodiment. 
         FIG. 11  is a plan view schematically illustrating the fluidic device according to the embodiment from the reservoir side. 
         FIG. 12  is a plan view schematically illustrating the fluidic device according to the embodiment. 
         FIG. 13  is a bottom view schematically illustrating a reservoir layer according to the embodiment. 
         FIG. 14  is a plan view schematically illustrating the fluidic device according to the embodiment. 
         FIG. 15  is a plan view schematically illustrating the fluidic device according to the embodiment. 
         FIG. 16  is a plan view schematically illustrating the fluidic device according to the embodiment. 
         FIG. 17  is a plan view schematically illustrating the fluidic device according to the embodiment. 
         FIG. 18  is a plan view illustrating a modified example of a reservoir according to the embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     Hereinafter, an embodiment of a fluidic device will be described with reference to  FIGS. 1 to 18 . In the drawings which are used in the following description, featured parts may be enlarged for the purpose of convenience in order to facilitate understanding of features, and dimensional ratios of elements or the like are not the same as actual ones. 
     First Embodiment 
       FIG. 1  is a front view of a fluidic device  100 A according to a first embodiment. 
     The fluidic device  100 A according to this embodiment includes a device that detects a sample material which is a detection target included in a sample by an immune reaction, an enzyme reaction, or the like. Examples of the sample material include biomolecules such as nucleic acid, DNA, RNA, peptides, proteins, and extracellular endoplasmic reticula. The fluidic device  100 A includes an upper plate  6 , a lower plate  8 , and a substrate plate  9 . The upper plate  6 , the lower plate  8 , and the substrate plate  9  are formed of, for example, a resin material (such as polypropylene or polycarbonate). 
     In the following description, it is assumed that the upper plate (for example, a lid, an upper part or a lower part of a flow path, or a top surface or a bottom surface of a flow path)  6 , a lower plate (for example, a lid, an upper part or a lower part of a flow path, or a top surface or a bottom surface of a flow path)  8 , and the substrate plate  9  are arranged along a horizontal plane, the upper plate  6  is disposed above the substrate plate  9 , and the lower plate  8  is disposed below the substrate plate  9 . This is for defining a horizontal direction and a vertical direction for the purpose of convenience of explanation and does not limit directions at the time of use of the fluidic device  100 A according to this embodiment. 
       FIG. 2  is a bottom view of the substrate plate  9 . In  FIG. 2 , the shape of the top surface side is not illustrated.  FIG. 3  is a sectional view along line A-A in  FIG. 2 . In  FIGS. 1 to 3 , an air flow path for discharging or introducing air in a flow path at the time of introduction of the solution is not illustrated. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 3 , the substrate plate  9  includes a reservoir layer  19 A on a bottom surface (one surface)  9   a  side and a reaction layer  19 B on a top surface (the other surface)  9   b  side. The reaction layer  19 B includes a circulating flow path  10 , introduction flow paths  12 A,  12 B, and  12 C (the introduction flow paths  12 B and  12 C are not illustrated in  FIG. 3 ), discharge flow paths  13 A,  13 B, and  13 C (the discharge flow paths  13 B and  13 C are not illustrated in  FIG. 3 ), a waste solution tank  7 , introduction valves IA, IB, and IC (the introduction valves IB and IC are not illustrated in  FIG. 3 ), and waste solution valves OA, OB, and OC (the waste solution valves OB and OC are not illustrated in  FIG. 3 ) that are disposed in the top surface  9   b  of the substrate plate  9 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 2 , the reservoir layer  19 A includes a plurality of (three in  FIG. 2 ) flow path type reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C which are disposed in the bottom surface  9   a  of the substrate plate  9  (the reservoir  29 C is not illustrated in  FIG. 3 ). A flow path type reservoir is a reservoir which is constituted by a long and thin flow path in which a length is greater than a width. The reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C can independently accommodate solutions. The reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C are formed of linear recesses (for example, depressions) which are formed in an in-plane direction of the bottom surface  9   a  (for example, one in-plane direction or a plurality of in-plane directions of the bottom surface  9   a , a direction parallel to an in-plane direction of the bottom surface  9   a ) when the substrate plate  9  is seen from the upper plate  6  side. For example, the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C are spaces which are formed in a tube shape or a tubular shape when the lower plate  8  and the substrate plate  9  are bonded to each other. The bottom surfaces of the recesses in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C are substantially flush with each other. The recesses in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C have the same width. A cross-section of each recess has, for example, a rectangular shape. For example, the width of the recesses is 1.5 mm and the depth thereof is 1.5 mm. The volumes of the recesses in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C are set on the basis of amounts of solutions accommodated therein. For example, the lengths of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C are set on the basis of the amounts of solutions accommodated therein. The reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C in this embodiment have different volumes. 
     The width and the depth of the recesses are examples, preferably range from 0.1 mm to several tens of mm, and more preferably range from 0.5 mm to several mm. They can be arbitrarily set depending on the size of the fluidic device (a micro-fluidic device or the like)  100 A in consideration of a relationship between a capillary force and a surface tension which will be described later. 
     The reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C are formed in a meandering shape in which the linear recess extends in a predetermined direction while being horizontally folded back. Describing the reservoir  29 A, the reservoir  29 A is formed in a meandering shape including a plurality of (five in  FIG. 2 ) first straight portions  29 A 1  which are arranged parallel to a predetermined direction (a right-left direction in  FIG. 2 ) and second straight portions  29 A 2  which repeatedly connect connection portions between ends of the neighboring first straight portions  29 A 1  alternately at one end and the other end of the first straight portions  29 A 1 . Similarly to the reservoir  29 A, the reservoirs  29 B and  29 C are formed in a meandering shape. 
     One end of the reservoir  29 A is connected to a penetration portion  39 A that penetrates the substrate plate  9  in a thickness direction thereof (for example, a direction perpendicular to or crossing the bottom surface  9   a  or the top surface  9   b ). The other end of the reservoir  29 A is connected to an atmospheric open portion which is not illustrated. The atmospheric open portion may be a penetration portion through which air can flow and which penetrates the substrate plate  9  in the thickness direction with a diameter with which a solution does not leak or a groove portion through which air can flow and which connects the other end of the reservoir  29 A to the outside of the substrate plate  9  with a depth with which a solution does not leak. One end of the reservoir  29 B is connected to a penetration portion  39 B that penetrates the substrate plate  9  in the thickness direction thereof. The other end of the reservoir  29 B is connected to an atmospheric open portion which is not illustrated. One end of the reservoir  29 C is connected to a penetration portion  39 C that penetrates the substrate plate  9  in the thickness direction thereof. The other end of the reservoir  29 C is connected to an atmospheric open portion which is not illustrated. The atmospheric open portions connected to the reservoirs  29 B and  29 C may be penetration portions or groove portions similarly to the reservoir  29 A. 
     For example, when the atmospheric open portions connected to the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C are penetration portions, penetration holes (not illustrated) that penetrate the upper plate  6  in the thickness direction are formed at positions of the upper plate  6  facing the penetration portions to communicate with the penetration portions. The other ends of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C are open to the atmosphere by communication with the penetration portions and the penetration holes. Since the penetration holes communicating with the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C are open in the top surface of the upper plate  6 , a solution can be injected into the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C from the openings. 
     An introduction flow path  12 A is connected to the penetration portion (a penetrating flow path)  39 A at one end and is connected to a circulating flow path  10  from the outside at the other end. For example, the introduction flow path  12 A and the reservoir  29 A partially overlap each other in a top view (for example, when seen from the upper side in a stacking direction of the upper plate  6 , the lower plate  8 , and the substrate plate  9 ) and are connected to each other via the penetration portion  39 A disposed in the overlap part. 
     An introduction flow path  12 B is connected to the penetration portion  39 B at one end and is connected to the circulating flow path  10  from the outside at the other end. For example, the introduction flow path  12 B and the reservoir  29 B partially overlap each other in a top view (for example, when seen from the upper side in a stacking direction of the upper plate  6 , the lower plate  8 , and the substrate plate  9 ) and are connected to each other via the penetration portion  39 B disposed in the overlap part. 
     An introduction flow path  12 C is connected to the penetration portion  39 C at one end and is connected to the circulating flow path  10  from the outside at the other end. For example, the introduction flow path  12 C and the reservoir  29 C partially overlap each other in a top view (for example, when seen from the upper side in a stacking direction of the upper plate  6 , the lower plate  8 , and the substrate plate  9 ) and are connected to each other via the penetration portion  39 C disposed in the overlap part. 
     For example, in the substrate plate  9 , since the introduction flow paths  12 A,  12 B, and  12 C and the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C and are connected to each other via the penetration portions  39 A,  39 B, and  39 C which are provided in the parts in which they overlap each other, a distance between each introduction flow path and the corresponding reservoir (for example, a distance that a solution flows) decreases and a pressure loss when the solution is introduced into the introduction flow path from each reservoir decreases, and therefore a solution can be easily and rapidly introduced. 
     Here, when the solutions accommodated in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C are introduced into the introduction flow paths  12 A,  12 B, and  12 C via the penetration portions  39 A,  39 B, and  39 C, the solutions need to be introduced into the introduction flow path  12 A,  12 B, and  12 C without allowing bubbles accommodated in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C to precede the solutions. For example, when negative-pressure suction of the introduction flow paths  12 A,  12 B, and  12 C is performed in a state in which the surface including the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, bubbles accommodated in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C may precede solutions and be introduced into the introduction flow paths  12 A,  12 B, and  12 C on the basis of a relative relationship between an influence of a capillary force on a solution and an influence of acceleration which includes the gravity and which is applied to the solution. For example, when reagents accommodated in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C are introduced into the introduction flow paths  12 A,  12 B, and  12 C, air may be sent from air introduction ports (not illustrated) at an end opposite to the penetration portions  39 A,  39 B, and  39 C in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C to transfer the reagents. The reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C may not be filled with solutions but air (gas) may be included at one end or both ends of the flow path. In this case, when air precedes the solution at the time of transferring the solution, the solution which is a continuous body is cut off by the bubbles. When solutions into which bubbles are mixed are introduced into the introduction flow paths  12 A,  12 B, and  12 C, reactions such as quantification, mixing, agitation, and detection in a flow path  11  which will be described later are hindered. 
     The relative relationship between an influence of a capillary force on a solution and an influence of acceleration which includes the gravity and which is applied to the solution is expressed by a capillary length which is calculated on the basis of a surface tension and a density of solutions accommodated in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C and acceleration which includes the gravity and which is applied to the solution. When the surface tension of a solution is defined as γ (N/m), the density of a solution is defined as ρ (kg/m 3 ), and the acceleration which includes the gravity and which is applied to a solution is defined as G (m/s 2 ), the capillary length κ −I  is calculated according to Expression (1). 
       κ −1 =(γ/(ρ× G )) 1/2   (1)
 
     When a representative length of the recesses in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is greater than the capillary length which is calculated according to Expression (1), the acceleration which includes the gravity and which is applied to the solutions has a greater influence on the solutions of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C than the capillary force does. In this case, for example, when the surface including the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, the solutions are not held by the surface tensions and interfaces between the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C and the solutions collapse. Accordingly, bubbles accommodated in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C are introduced into the introduction flow paths  12 A,  12 B, and  12 C to precede the solutions. 
     On the other hand, when the representative length of the recesses is less than the capillary length calculated according to Expression (1), the capillary force has a greater influence on the solutions accommodated in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C than the acceleration which includes the gravity and which is applied to the solutions does. In this case, even when the surface including the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, the solutions can be held by the surface tensions, the interfaces between the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C and the solutions do not collapse, and the solutions are introduced into the introduction flow paths  12 A,  12 B, and  12 C without allowing bubbles accommodated in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C to precede the solutions held in the recesses with the capillary force. 
     Accordingly, a width and a depth of the recesses in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C are set to magnitudes based on the capillary length which is calculated on the basis of the surface tensions and the densities of the accommodated solutions and the acceleration which includes the gravity and which is applied to the solutions.  FIGS. 4 to 6  are sectional views along the width direction in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C. In  FIGS. 4 to 6 , the upper and lower sides in  FIG. 1  are reversed. 
       FIG. 4  illustrates an example in which cross-sections of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C are circular.  FIGS. 5 and 6  illustrate an example in which the cross-sections of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C are rectangular. When a radius of an inscribed circle on the cross-section along the width direction in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is defined as r (m) as illustrated in  FIGS. 4 and 5 , the radius r is set to a value satisfying Expression (2). 
       0.05×10 −3   &lt;r &lt;(γ/(ρ× G )) 1/2   (2)
 
     When the radius r of the inscribed circle on each cross-section of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is less than (γ/(ρ×G)) 1/2 , the capillary force has a greater influence on the solutions accommodated in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C than the acceleration which includes the gravity and which is applied to the solutions does as described above and thus it is possible to introduce the solutions into the introduction flow paths  12 A,  12 B, and  12 C without allowing bubbles accommodated in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C to precede the solutions. 
     When the radius r of the inscribed circle on each cross-section of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is greater than 0.05×10 −3  (m), it is possible to improve molding accuracy when the substrate plate  9  is mass-produced, for example, by injection molding and to decrease volume unevenness of a reagent tank. Since a volume proportion of a flow path wall surface increases relatively, it is possible to increase an amount of reagent which can be held in a constant space. 
     As the acceleration G which includes the gravity and which is applied to the solution, the gravitational acceleration g (about 9.80865 m/s 2 ) can be used when acceleration other than the gravity is not applied to the fluidic device  100 A (the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C) but, for example, about G=6×g (m/s 2 ) can be used when external acceleration is considered. The value of the acceleration G can be appropriately set to a value corresponding to a measurement environment using the fluidic device  100 A. 
     A maximum value of a liquid column holding height (a solution holding length) L (m) in which solutions in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C are held with the capillary force is expressed by Expression (3), where a cross-sectional area of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is defined as A (m 2 ), a receding contact angle of the solutions in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is defined as α(°), an advancing contact angle is defined as β(°), and a flow path wetted perimeter length is defined as Wp (m). 
         L =(γ× Wp ×(cos α−cos β))/(ρ× A×G )  (3)
 
     In Expression (3), a contact angle at which the length L is maximized includes the receding contact angle α=0° and the advancing contact angle β=180°. Accordingly, when a solution with the receding contact angle α=0° and the advancing contact angle β=180° is used, a length (a reagent length) L in which the solution is held in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is expressed by Expression (3′). 
         L ≤(2×γ× Wp )/(ρ× A×G )  (3′)
 
     A maximum value of a volume V (m 3 ) of a solution which is held in each of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is approximately expressed by Expression (4) when the cross-sectional shape of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is circular as illustrated in  FIG. 4 . 
         V =(2 π×r ×γ×(cos α−cos β))/(ρ× G )  (4)
 
     When the cross-sectional shape of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is rectangular as illustrated in  FIGS. 5 and 6 , the maximum value of the liquid column holding height L (m) is expressed by Expression (5), where the longer length of the width and the depth is defined as a and the shorter length is defined as b. 
         L =(2×( a+b )×γ×(cos α−cos β))/(ρ× a×b×G )  (5)
 
     The maximum value of a volume V (m 3 ) of a solution which is held in each of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is expressed by Expression (6). 
         V =(2×( a+b )×γ×(cos α−cos β))/(ρ× G )  (6)
 
     When a&gt;&gt;B is satisfied, the maximum value of a volume V (m 3 ) of a solution is approximately expressed by Expression (6′) 
         V =(2× a ×γ×(cos α−cos β))/(ρ× G )  (6′)
 
     For example, when the density ρ of a solution accommodated in each of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C with a circular cross-section is 1000 (kg/m 3 ), the surface tension γ is 0.0728 (N/m), and the acceleration G when it is assumed that only the gravity is applied to the solution is 9.80665 (m/s 2 : gravitational acceleration), the radius r in Expression (2) needs to be set to 2.7246 (mm) which is the maximum radius in order to introduce the solution into the introduction flow paths  12 A,  12 B, and  12 C without allowing bubbles accommodated in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C to precede the solution. When the acceleration G applied to the solution is 6×9.80665 (m/s 2 ) in consideration of external acceleration applied to the fluidic device  100 A during transportation of the fluidic device  100 A, the radius r in Expression (2) needs to be set to 1.1123 (mm) which is the maximum radius in order to introduce the solution into the introduction flow paths  12 A,  12 B, and  12 C without allowing bubbles accommodated in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C to precede the solution (when the cross-section is rectangular, the maximum value of the width is about 2.22 (mm)) When the flow path radius and the flow path width of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C satisfy these conditions, it is possible to prevent mixing of bubbles into the solution due to preceding of the bubbles even when acceleration equal to or greater than the gravity is applied due to vibration, acceleration, deceleration, impact, fall, or the like at the time of transportation of the micro fluidic device  100 A in a state in which the solution and the bubbles are included in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C. Even when the micro fluidic device  100 A is used during transportation, it is possible to prevent mixing of bubbles into the solution due to preceding of the bubbles. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent an influence of bubbles on reactions such as quantification, mixing, agitation, and detection in the flow path  11  which will be described later. 
     In the following description, the maximum radius which is acquired on the basis of Expression (2) is appropriately referred to as a capillary radius. 
       FIG. 7  is a diagram illustrating a relationship between the radius r (mm) of each of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C and the volume V (μL) of a solution held in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C which is acquired on the basis of Expression (4) and a relationship between the liquid column holding height L (m) and the volume V (μL) of the solution held in each of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C which is acquired on the basis of Expression (3), where the solution has the density ρ and the surface tension γ which are exemplified above. In Expressions (3) and (4), the receding contact angle α is 0(°), the advancing contact angle β is 180(°), and the acceleration G includes only the gravitational acceleration. 
     The maximum volume V of the solution which can be held in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is acquired from the maximum value of the liquid column holding height L acquired from Expression (3). A minimum liquid column holding height L (m) can be acquired from the acquired maximum volume V of the solution. Accordingly, by setting the radius r on the basis of the density ρ, the surface tension γ, the receding contact angle α, and the advancing contact angle β of a solution accommodated in each of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C with a circular cross-section and the acceleration G which is applied to the solution, it is possible to set the maximum value of the liquid column holding height L and the maximum value of the volume V in which a solution can be introduced into each of the introduction flow paths  12 A,  12 B, and  12 C without allowing bubbles to precede the solution. Table 2 describes Reference Examples 31 to 55 when the cross-section is circular. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 α 
                 β 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 g 
                 γ 
                 Receding 
                 Advancing 
               
               
                   
                 ρ 
                 gravitational 
                 Surface 
                 contact 
                 contact 
               
               
                   
                 density 
                 acceleration 
                 tension 
                 angle 
                 angle 
                 r 
                 L 
                 V 
               
               
                   
                 [kg/m 3 ] 
                 [m/s 2 ] 
                 [N/m] 
                 [°] 
                 [°] 
                 [mm] 
                 [mm] 
                 [mm 3 ] 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.02 
                 1484.707 
                 1.865738 
               
               
                 Example 1 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.04 
                 742.3534 
                 3.731475 
               
               
                 Example 2 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.06 
                 494.9023 
                 5.597213 
               
               
                 Example 3 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.08 
                 371.1767 
                 7.46295 
               
               
                 Example 4 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.1 
                 296.9414 
                 9.328688 
               
               
                 Example 5 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.12 
                 247.4511 
                 11.19443 
               
               
                 Example 6 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.14 
                 212.101 
                 13.06016 
               
               
                 Example 7 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.16 
                 185.5884 
                 14.9259 
               
               
                 Example 8 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.18 
                 164.9674 
                 16.79164 
               
               
                 Example 9 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.2 
                 148.4707 
                 18.65738 
               
               
                 Example 10 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.22 
                 134.9733 
                 20.52311 
               
               
                 Example 11 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.24 
                 123.7256 
                 22.38885 
               
               
                 Example 12 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.26 
                 114.2082 
                 24.25459 
               
               
                 Example 13 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.28 
                 106.0505 
                 26.12033 
               
               
                 Example 14 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.3 
                 98.98045 
                 27.98606 
               
               
                 Example 15 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.32 
                 92.79418 
                 29.8518 
               
               
                 Example 16 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.34 
                 87.33569 
                 31.71754 
               
               
                 Example 17 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.36 
                 82.48371 
                 33.58328 
               
               
                 Example 18 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.38 
                 78.14246 
                 35.44901 
               
               
                 Example 19 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.4 
                 74.23534 
                 37.31475 
               
               
                 Example 20 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.42 
                 70.70032 
                 39.18049 
               
               
                 Example 21 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.44 
                 67.48667 
                 41.04623 
               
               
                 Example 22 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.46 
                 64.55247 
                 42.91196 
               
               
                 Example 23 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.48 
                 61.86278 
                 44.7777 
               
               
                 Example 24 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.5 
                 59.38827 
                 46.64344 
               
               
                 Example 25 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.75 
                 39.59218 
                 69.96516 
               
               
                 Example 26 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.8 
                 37.11767 
                 74.6295 
               
               
                 Example 27 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 1 
                 29.69414 
                 93.29688 
               
               
                 Example 28 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 1.5 
                 19.79609 
                 139.9303 
               
               
                 Example 29 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 2 
                 14.84707 
                 186.5738 
               
               
                 Example 30 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In Table 1, the capillary radius r (mm), the maximum value (mm) of the liquid column holding height L, and the maximum volume V (mm 3 ) are described. 
       FIG. 8  is a diagram illustrating a relationship between the length of the short side b (mm) of each of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C with a rectangular cross-section and the liquid column holding height L which is acquired on the basis of Expression (5), where a solution has the density ρ and the surface tension γ which are exemplified above. In Expression (5), the receding contact angle α is 0(°), the advancing contact angle β is 180(°), and the acceleration G includes only the gravitational acceleration. The length b (mm) is calculated on the basis of Expression (2). As illustrated in  FIG. 8 , the maximum value of the liquid column holding height L can be acquired from the length b (mm) calculated on the basis of the capillary length and Expression (5). The maximum volume V of the solution which can be held in each of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is acquired from the acquired maximum value of the liquid column holding height L and Expression (6). 
     Accordingly, by setting the length b on the basis of the density ρ, the surface tension γ, the receding contact angle α, and the advancing contact angle β of a solution accommodated in each of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C with a rectangular cross-section and the acceleration G which is applied to the solution, it is possible to set the maximum value of the liquid column holding height L and the maximum value of the volume V in which a solution can be introduced into each of the introduction flow paths  12 A,  12 B, and  12 C without allowing bubbles to precede the solution. Table 1 describes Reference Examples 1 to 30 when the cross-section is rectangular. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 α 
                 β 
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 g 
                 γ 
                 Receding 
                 Advancing 
               
               
                   
                 ρ 
                 gravitational 
                 Surface 
                 contact 
                 contact 
               
               
                   
                 density 
                 acceleration 
                 tension 
                 angle 
                 angle 
                 b 
                 L 
               
               
                   
                 [kg/m 3 ] 
                 [m/s 2 ] 
                 [N/m] 
                 [°] 
                 [°] 
                 [mm] 
                 [mm] 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.05 
                 593.8827 
               
               
                 Example 31 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.1 
                 296.9414 
               
               
                 Example 32 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.15 
                 197.9609 
               
               
                 Example 33 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.2 
                 148.4707 
               
               
                 Example 34 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.25 
                 118.7765 
               
               
                 Example 35 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.3 
                 98.98045 
               
               
                 Example 36 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.35 
                 84.84039 
               
               
                 Example 37 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.4 
                 74.23534 
               
               
                 Example 38 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.45 
                 65.98697 
               
               
                 Example 39 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.5 
                 59.38827 
               
               
                 Example 40 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.55 
                 53.98934 
               
               
                 Example 41 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.6 
                 49.49023 
               
               
                 Example 42 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.65 
                 45.68329 
               
               
                 Example 43 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.7 
                 42.42019 
               
               
                 Example 45 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.75 
                 39.59219 
               
               
                 Example 46 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.8 
                 37.11767 
               
               
                 Example 47 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.85 
                 34.93428 
               
               
                 Example 48 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.9 
                 32.99348 
               
               
                 Example 49 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.95 
                 31.25699 
               
               
                 Example 50 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 1 
                 29.69414 
               
               
                 Example 51 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 1.5 
                 19.79609 
               
               
                 Example 52 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 2 
                 14.84707 
               
               
                 Example 53 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 3. 
                 9.898045 
               
               
                 Example 54 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 4 
                 7.423534 
               
               
                 Example 55 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In Table 2, the short-side length b (mm) and the maximum value of the liquid column holding height L (mm) are described. 
     There is a likelihood that bubbles accommodated in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C will be introduced into the introduction flow paths  12 A,  12 B, and  12 C to precede the solution when the cross-sectional size of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is set on the basis of an amount of reagent which is used without considering the capillary length as described above and the surface including the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, and there is a likelihood that a problem with a decrease in solution which can be held therein will occur when the cross-sectional size of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is decreased. 
     For example, Patent Document 1 describes that a flow path type is preferable such that a reagent does not remain in the reagent tank. However, in fact, when the reagent tank is of a flow path type but the cross-sectional area of the flow path is large, there is a problem in that bubbles precede a liquid. Therefore, the reservoir in this embodiment is a flow path type reservoir which is developed in a shape in which the cross-sectional area of the flow path is maximized to increase an amount of reagent which can be held and bubbles do not precede. 
     That is, in the fluidic device  100 A according to this embodiment, since the width and the depth of each of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C are set to magnitudes based on the capillary length, it is possible to introduce a solution into the introduction flow paths  12 A,  12 B, and  12 C without allowing bubbles accommodated in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C to precede the solution. In the fluidic device  100 A according to this embodiment, it is possible to hold a maximum amount of solution which can be accommodated in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C by setting the width and the depth of each of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C on the basis of the capillary length. 
     Second Embodiment 
     A fluidic device  100 A according to a second embodiment will be described below with reference to  FIG. 9 . In the drawing, the same elements as the elements in the first embodiment illustrated in  FIGS. 1 to 8  will be referred to by the same reference signs and description thereof will be omitted. 
       FIG. 9  is a partially detailed diagram schematically illustrating a reservoir  29 . The reservoir  29  is representative of the above-mentioned reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 9 , the reservoir  29  includes a holding region  80  that holds a solution S in the maximum value of a liquid holding length L which is calculated according to Expression (3) or (3′). Diameter-increased portions  81  are provided outside of both ends in the length direction of the holding region  80 . The width of each diameter-increased portion  81  increases gradually from the width of the holding region  80  outward in the length direction. The flow path wetted perimeter length of each diameter-increased portion  81  increases gradually from the flow path wetted perimeter length in the holding region  80  outward in the length direction. The cross-sectional area of each diameter-increased portion  81  increases gradually from the cross-sectional area in the holding region  80  outward in the length direction. 
     Each diameter-increased portion  81  includes a side surface  82  in which the diameter increases outward. The side surface  82  is inclined by an angle θ about the length direction of the holding region  80 . 
     In the reservoir  29  having the above-mentioned configuration, when the holding region  80  is disposed in the vertical direction and a solution is accommodated in the holding region  80  in a length L greater than the maximum length (liquid column holding height) L 0  which is calculated according to Expression (3′), the solution with a length ΔL which is represented by ΔL=L−L 0  cannot be held with the surface tension. 
     In the reservoir  29  according to this embodiment, since the solution accommodated in the length ΔL cannot be held with the surface tension, a lower wetted interface moves downward when the holding region  80  is disposed in the vertical direction and an upper wetted interface moves downward a distance dx at acceleration including the gravity. Here, since the diameter-increased portion  81  of which a wetted area increases with a gradual increase of the flow path wetted perimeter length downward is disposed below (outside of) the holding region  80  and the surface tension increases more than that in the holding region  80 , the solution moving from the holding region  80  to the diameter-increased portion  81  is held in a state in which the holding length and the holding volume are greater than those in the holding region  80 . 
     Here, work δ·W 1  on the upper interface of the solution when the solution in the holding region  80  moves downward a distance dx at acceleration including the gravity is expressed by Expression (7), where the cross-sectional area of the holding region  80  is defined as A 1  (m 2 ). 
       δ· W 1=γ×Δ A 1  (7)
 
     Work δ·W 1  on the lower interface of the solution is expressed by Expression (8), where the cross-sectional area of the holding region  80  is defined as A 2  (m 2 ). 
       δ· W 2=γ×Δ A 2  (8)
 
     Virtual work ΔW on the upper and lower interfaces is calculated according to Expression (9) based on Expressions (7) and (8). 
       Δ W=δ·W 2−δ· W 1=γ×(Δ A 2−Δ A 1)  (9)
 
     Expression (10) is acquired from the balance between the virtual work calculated according to Expression (9) and potential energy of the solution in the length ΔL based on the acceleration including the gravity. 
       ((ρ× A×G×ΔL )× dx =γ×(Δ A 2−Δ A 1)  (10)
 
     Here, ΔA 2 −ΔA 1  is approximately calculated according to Expression (11). 
       Δ A 2−Δ A 1= Wp ×((1+tan 2 θ) 1/2 −1)× dx   (11)
 
     The length ΔL is calculated according to Expression (12) based on Expressions (10) and (11). 
       Δ L=γ×Wp ×((1+tan 2 θ) 1/2 −1)/(ρ× A×G )  (12)
 
     The volume ΔV of the solution with the length ΔL is calculated according to Expression (13). 
       Δ V=γ×Wp ×((1+tan 2 θ) 1/2 −1)/(ρ× G )  (13)
 
     (Cross-Section of Reservoir  29  is Circular) 
     When the cross-section of the reservoir  29  is circular and the radius in the holding region  80  is r0, Wp=2×π×r0 is satisfied and the cross-sectional area in the holding region  80  is A=2×π×r02. Accordingly, on the basis of Expressions (12) and (13), the length ΔL is calculated according to Expression (14) and the volume ΔV is calculated according to Expression (15). 
       Δ L= 2×γ×((1+tan 2 θ) 1/2 −1)/(ρ× r 0× G )  (14)
 
       Δ V= 2×π× r 0×γ×((1+tan 2 θ) 1/2 −1)/(ρ× G )  (15)
 
     Reference Examples 56 to 68 in which the cross-section is circular are described in Table 3. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 3 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 α 
                 β 
                   
                 liquid 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 g 
                 γ 
                 Receding 
                 Advancing 
                   
                 column 
                   
                   
                   
                 Increased 
               
               
                   
                 angle 
                 ρ 
                 gravitational 
                 Surface 
                 contact 
                 contact 
                   
                 holding 
                   
                 Increased 
                 Ratio of 
                 volume 
               
               
                   
                 θ 
                 density 
                 acceleration 
                 tension 
                 angle 
                 angle 
                 r0 
                 length L 
                   
                 length 
                 increase 
                 ΔV 
               
               
                   
                 [°] 
                 [kg/m 3 ] 
                 [m/s 2 ] 
                 [N/m] 
                 [°] 
                 [°] 
                 [mm] 
                 [mm] 
                 coefficient 
                 ΔL 
                 [%] 
                 [μl] 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Reference 
                 0 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.5 
                 59.38827 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Example 56 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 5 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.5 
                 59.38827 
                 0.00382 
                 0.113427 
                 0.19 
                 0.089085 
               
               
                 Example 57 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 10 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.5 
                 59.38827 
                 0.015427 
                 0.45808 
                 0.77 
                 0.359775 
               
               
                 Example 58 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 15 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.5 
                 59.38827 
                 0.035276 
                 1.047496 
                 1.76 
                 0.822701 
               
               
                 Example 59 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 20 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.5 
                 59.38827 
                 0.064178 
                 1.905704 
                 3.21 
                 1.496736 
               
               
                 Example 60 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 25 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.5 
                 59.38827 
                 0.103378 
                 3.069718 
                 5.17 
                 2.410951 
               
               
                 Example 61 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 30 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.5 
                 59.38827 
                 0.154701 
                 4.593699 
                 7.74 
                 3.607883 
               
               
                 Example 62 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 35 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.5 
                 59.38827 
                 0.220775 
                 6.555711 
                 11.04 
                 5.148843 
               
               
                 Example 63 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 40 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.5 
                 59.38827 
                 0.305407 
                 9.068806 
                 15.27 
                 7.122623 
               
               
                 Example 64 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 45 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.5 
                 59.38827 
                 0.414214 
                 12.29971 
                 20.71 
                 9.660173 
               
               
                 Example 65 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 50 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.5 
                 59.38827 
                 0.555724 
                 16.50174 
                 27.79 
                 12.96044 
               
               
                 Example 66 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 55 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.5 
                 59.38827 
                 0.743447 
                 22.07601 
                 37.17 
                 17.33846 
               
               
                 Example 67 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 60 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 0.5 
                 59.38827 
                 1 
                 29.69414 
                 50 
                 23.32172 
               
               
                 Example 68 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In Table 3, ((1+tan 2 θ) 1/2 −1) in Expressions (14) and (15) is described as “coefficient.” 
     As described in Table 3, it was ascertained that the length ΔL and the volume ΔV in Reference Examples 57 to 68 in which the flow path wetted perimeter length increases are greater than those in Reference Example 56 with an angle 0° in which no diameter-increased portion  81  is provided. As described in Table 3, it was ascertained that the length ΔL and the volume ΔV increase as the angle θ increases. 
     (Cross-Section of Reservoir  29  is Rectangular) 
     When the cross-section of the reservoir  29  is rectangular, the width in the holding region  80  is w (m), and the depth (height) is h (m), Wp=2×(w+h) is satisfied and the cross-sectional area in the holding region  80  is A=w×h. Accordingly, on the basis of Expressions (12) and (13), the length ΔL is calculated according to Expression (16) and the volume ΔV is calculated according to Expression (17). 
       Δ L= 2×γ×( w+h )×((1+tan 2 θ) 1/2 −1)/(ρ× w×h×G )  (16)
 
       Δ V= 2×γ×( w+h )×((1+tan 2 θ) 1/2 −1)/(ρ× G )  (17)
 
     Reference Examples 69 to 81 when the cross-section is rectangular are described in Table 4. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 4 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 α 
                 β 
                   
                   
                 liquid 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 g 
                 γ 
                 Receding 
                 Advancing 
                   
                   
                 column 
               
               
                   
                 angle 
                 ρ 
                 gravitational 
                 Surface 
                 contact 
                 contact 
                 depth 
                 width 
                 holding 
                   
                 Increased 
                 Ratio of 
                 Increased 
               
               
                   
                 θ 
                 density 
                 acceleration 
                 tension 
                 angle 
                 angle 
                 h 
                 w 
                 length L 
                   
                 length 
                 increase 
                 volume 
               
               
                   
                 [°] 
                 [kg/m 3 ] 
                 [m/s 2 ] 
                 [N/m] 
                 [°] 
                 [°] 
                 [mm] 
                 [mm] 
                 [mm] 
                 coefficient 
                 ΔL 
                 [%] 
                 ΔV 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Reference 
                 0 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 1 
                 1 
                 59.38827 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Example 69 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 5 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 1 
                 1 
                 59.38827 
                 0.00382 
                 0.113427 
                 0.19 
                 0.113427 
               
               
                 Example 70 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 10 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 1 
                 1 
                 59.38827 
                 0.015427 
                 0.45808 
                 0.77 
                 0.45808 
               
               
                 Example 71 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 15 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 1 
                 1 
                 59.38827 
                 0.035276 
                 1.047496 
                 1.76 
                 1.047496 
               
               
                 Example 72 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 20 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 1 
                 1 
                 59.38827 
                 0.064178 
                 1.905704 
                 3.21 
                 1.905704 
               
               
                 Example 73 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 25 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 1 
                 1 
                 59.38827 
                 0.103378 
                 3.069718 
                 5.17 
                 3.069718 
               
               
                 Example 74 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 30 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 1 
                 1 
                 59.38827 
                 0.154701 
                 4.593699 
                 7.74 
                 4.593699 
               
               
                 Example 75 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 35 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 1 
                 1 
                 59.38827 
                 0.220775 
                 6.555711 
                 11.04 
                 6.555711 
               
               
                 Example 76 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 40 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 1 
                 1 
                 59.38827 
                 0.305407 
                 9.068806 
                 15.27 
                 9.068806 
               
               
                 Example 77 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 45 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 1 
                 1 
                 59.38827 
                 0.414214 
                 12.29971 
                 20.71 
                 12.29971 
               
               
                 Example 78 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 50 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 1 
                 1 
                 59.38827 
                 0.555724 
                 16.50174 
                 27.79 
                 16.50174 
               
               
                 Example 79 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 55 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 1 
                 1 
                 59.38827 
                 0.743447 
                 22.07601 
                 37.17 
                 22.07601 
               
               
                 Example 80 
               
               
                 Reference 
                 60 
                 1000 
                 9.80665 
                 0.0728 
                 0 
                 180 
                 1 
                 1 
                 59.38827 
                 1 
                 29.69414 
                 50 
                 29.69414 
               
               
                 Example 81 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In Table 4, ((1+tan 2 θ) 1/2 −1) in Expressions (16) and (17) is described as “coefficient.” 
     As described in Table 4, it was ascertained that the length ΔL and the volume ΔV in Reference Examples 70 to 81 in which the flow path wetted perimeter length increases are greater than those in Reference Example 69 with an angle 0° in which no diameter-increased portion  81  is provided. As described in Table 4, it was ascertained that the length ΔL and the volume ΔV increase as the angle θ increases. 
     Expressions (16) and (17) are provided for a configuration in which the angle θ of the side surfaces in the direction of the width w and the side surfaces in the direction of the depth (height) h in the reservoir  29  increases biaxially in the diameter-increased portion  81 , but may be provided for a configuration in which the angle θ increases uniaxially in the direction of the width w or the direction of the depth (height) h. 
     For example, when the angle θ increases uniaxially in the direction of the depth (height) h, the length ΔL is calculated according to Expression (18) and the volume ΔV is calculated according to Expression (19). 
       Δ L= 2×γ×((1+tan 2 θ) 1/2 −1)/(ρ× w×G )  (18)
 
       Δ V= 2×γ× h ×((1+tan 2 θ) 1/2 −1)/(ρ× G )  (19)
 
     As can be clearly seen from the result of comparison between Expressions (16) and (18) and the result of comparison between Expressions (17) and (19), it was ascertained that the length ΔL and the volume ΔV in the configuration in which the angle θ increases biaxially are greater than those in the configuration in which the angle θ increases uniaxially. 
     As described above, in the fluidic device  100 A according to this embodiment, it is possible to obtain the same operations and advantages as in the first embodiment and to easily increase the length and the volume of a solution which can be held by the reservoir  29  even when acceleration including the gravity is applied thereto by disposing the diameter-increased portions  81  outside of the holding region  80 . In the fluidic device  100 A according to this embodiment, by disposing the diameter-increased portions  81  outside of both ends of the holding region  80 , it is possible to hold a solution in the reservoir  29  in a state in which the length and the volume of the solution are increased even when the fluidic device  100 A is inclined in any direction. 
     Third Embodiment 
     A fluidic device  100 A according to a third embodiment will be described below with reference to  FIGS. 10 and 11 . In the drawings, the same elements as the elements in the first embodiment illustrated in  FIGS. 1 to 8  will be referred to by the same reference signs and description thereof will be omitted. 
       FIG. 10  is a diagram schematically illustrating a fluidic device  100 A and is a plan view (a top view) of the substrate plate  9  when seen from the upper plate  6 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 10 , a reaction layer  19 B includes a circulating flow path  10 , introduction flow paths  12 A,  12 B, and  12 C, discharge flow path  13 A,  13 B, and  13 C, a waste solution tank  7 , quantification valves VA, VB, and VC, introduction valves IA, IB, and IC, and waste solution valves OA, OB, and OC which are disposed in the top surface  9   b  of the substrate plate  9 . 
     The quantification valves VA, VB, and VC are arranged such that sections of the circulating flow path  10  which are partitioned by the quantification valves have a predetermined volume. For example, the quantification valves VA, VB, and VC partition the circulating flow path  10  into a first quantification section  18 A, a second quantification section  18 B, and a second quantification section  18 C. 
     A position at which the introduction flow path  12 A is connected to the circulating flow path  10  is close to the quantification valve VA in the first quantification section  18 A. 
     A position at which the introduction flow path  12 B is connected to the circulating flow path  10  is close to the quantification valve VB in the second quantification section  18 B. 
     A position at which the introduction flow path  12 C is connected to the circulating flow path  10  is close to the quantification valve VC in the third quantification section  18 C. 
     The introduction valve IA is disposed between a penetration portion  39 A in the introduction flow path  12 A and the circulating flow path  10 . The introduction valve IA includes a semi-spherical recess  40 A (see  FIG. 3 ) that divides the introduction flow path  12 A and is disposed in the substrate plate  9  and a deformable portion (not illustrated) that is disposed in the upper plate  6  to face the recess  40 A and is elastically deformed to close the introduction flow path  12 A when it comes into contact with the recess  40 A and to open the introduction flow path  12 A when it is separated away from the recess  40 A. The introduction valve IB is disposed between a penetration portion  39 B in the introduction flow path  12 B and the circulating flow path  10 . The introduction valve IB includes a recess (not illustrated and referred to as a recess  40 B for the purpose of convenience) that divides the introduction flow path  12 B and has the same shape as the recess  40 A disposed in the substrate plate  9  and a deformable portion (not illustrated) that is disposed in the upper plate  6  to face the recess  40 B and is elastically deformed to close the introduction flow path  12 B when it comes into contact with the recess  40 B and to open the introduction flow path  12 B when it is separated away from the recess  40 B. The introduction valve IC is disposed between a penetration portion  39 C in the introduction flow path  12 C and the circulating flow path  10 . The introduction valve IC includes a recess (not illustrated and referred to as a recess  40 C for the purpose of convenience) that divides the introduction flow path  12 C and has the same shape as the recess  40 A disposed in the substrate plate  9  and a deformable portion (not illustrated) that is disposed in the upper plate  6  to face the recess  40 C and is elastically deformed to close the introduction flow path  12 C when it comes into contact with the recess  40 C and to open the introduction flow path  12 C when it is separated away from the recess  40 C. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 10 and 3 , for example, the waste solution tank  7  is disposed in an inside region of the circulating flow path  10 . Accordingly, it is possible to achieve a decrease in size of the fluidic device  100 A. A tank suction hole (not illustrated) that is open to the waste solution tank  7  is disposed in the upper plate  6  to penetrate the upper plate  6  in the thickness direction thereof. 
     The discharge flow path  13 A is a flow path that is used to discharge a solution in the first quantification section  18 A in the circulating flow path  10  to the waste solution tank  7 . One end of the discharge flow path  13 A is connected to the circulating flow path  10 . A position at which the discharge flow path  13 A is connected to the circulating flow path  10  is close to the quantification valve VB in the first quantification section  18 A. The other end of the discharge flow path  13 A is connected to the waste solution tank  7 . The discharge flow path  13 B is a flow path that is used to discharge a solution in the second quantification section  18 B in the circulating flow path  10  to the waste solution tank  7 . One end of the discharge flow path  13 B is connected to the circulating flow path  10 . A position at which the discharge flow path  13 B is connected to the circulating flow path  10  is close to the quantification valve VC in the second quantification section  18 B. The other end of the discharge flow path  13 B is connected to the waste solution tank  7 . The discharge flow path  13 C is a flow path that is used to discharge a solution in the third quantification section  18 C in the circulating flow path  10  to the waste solution tank  7 . One end of the discharge flow path  13 C is connected to the circulating flow path  10 . A position at which the discharge flow path  13 C is connected to the circulating flow path  10  is close to the quantification valve VA in the third quantification section  18 C. The other end of the discharge flow path  13 C is connected to the waste solution tank  7 . 
     The waste solution valve OA is disposed in the halfway (for example, in an intermediate part close to the circulating flow path  10 ) of the discharge flow path  13 A. The waste solution valve OA includes a semi-spherical recess  41 A (see  FIG. 3 ) that divides the discharge flow path  13 A and is disposed in the substrate plate  9  and a deformable portion (not illustrated) that is disposed in the upper plate  6  to face the recess  41 A and is elastically deformed to close the discharge flow path  13 A when it comes into contact with the recess  41 A and to open the discharge flow path  13 A when it is separated away from the recess  41 A. The waste solution valve OB is disposed in the halfway (for example, in an intermediate part close to the circulating flow path  10 ) of the discharge flow path  13 B. The waste solution valve OB includes a recess (not illustrated and referred to as a recess  41 B) that divides the discharge flow path  13 B and has the same shape as the recess  41 A disposed in the substrate plate  9  and a deformable portion (not illustrated) that is disposed in the upper plate  6  to face the recess  41 B and is elastically deformed to close the discharge flow path  13 B when it comes into contact with the recess  41 B and to open the discharge flow path  13 B when it is separated away from the recess  41 B. The waste solution valve OC is disposed in the halfway (for example, in an intermediate part close to the circulating flow path  10 ) of the discharge flow path  13 C. The waste solution valve OC includes a recess (not illustrated and referred to as a recess  41 C) that divides the discharge flow path  13 C and has the same shape as the recess  41 A disposed in the substrate plate  9  and a deformable portion (not illustrated) that is disposed in the upper plate  6  to face the recess  41 C and is elastically deformed to close the discharge flow path  13 C when it comes into contact with the recess  41 C and to open the discharge flow path  13 C when it is separated away from the recess  41 C. 
     The fluidic device  100 A having the above-mentioned configuration is manufactured by forming the circulating flow path, the introduction flow paths, the reservoirs, the penetration portions, and the like in the substrate plate  9 , forming and installing the valves in the substrate plate  9  and the upper plate  6 , and then bonding and integrating the upper plate  6 , the lower plate  8 , and the substrate plate  9  by a bonding means such as adhesion (for example, the configuration illustrated in  FIG. 1 ).  FIG. 11  is a plan view schematically illustrating the fluidic device  100 A when seen from the reservoir side. As illustrated in  FIG. 11 , a solution LA is accommodated in the reservoir  29 A of the manufactured fluidic device  100 A, a solution LB is accommodated in the reservoir  29 B, and a solution LC is accommodated in the reservoir  29 C. 
     The cross-sectional shape of each of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is, for example, rectangular as illustrated in  FIG. 5 . The cross-section of each of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is formed in a size based on the capillary length as described above. The size of the cross-section of each of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is set to a size in which the volumes of the solutions LA, LB, and LC required for performing a mixing/reaction can be secured on the basis of the capillary length. 
     Injection of the solutions LA, LB, and LC into the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is performed, for example, from openings of penetration holes formed in the upper plate  6 . At the time of injection of the solutions LA, LB, and LC into the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C, the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C can be easily filled with the solutions LA, LB, and LC by performing negative-pressure suction from an air hole communicating with one end of each of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C. In this way, for example, the upper plate  6  forms various types of flow paths described above along with the recesses formed in the substrate plate  9  and is together used to decrease leakage of a solution and to form flow paths. For example, the lower plate  8  forms various types of reservoirs described above along with the recesses formed in the substrate plate  9  and is together used to decrease leakage of a solution and to form flow paths. 
     The fluidic device  100 A can be transported to a place (for example, a test agency, a hospital, a home, or a vehicle) in which a mixing/reaction of the solutions LA, LB, and LC is performed in a state in which the solution LA is accommodated in the reservoir  29 A, the solution LB is accommodated in the reservoir  29 B, and the solution LC is accommodated in the reservoir  29 C. 
     A routine of performing a mixing/reaction of the solutions LA, LB, and LC using the fluidic device  100 A will be described below on the basis of  FIGS. 1 to 11 . First, a routine of introducing the solution LA into the first quantification section  18 A and quantifying the solution LA will be described. 
     First, the quantification valves VA and VB of the circulating flow path  10  are closed, the waste solution valves OB and OC of the discharge flow paths  13 B and  13 C are closed, and the waste solution valve OA of the discharge flow path  13 A and the introduction valve IA of the introduction flow path  12 A are opened. Accordingly, in the circulating flow path  10 , the first quantification section  18 A is partitioned from the second quantification section  18 B and the third quantification section  18 C. The waste solution tank  7  is shielded from the discharge flow paths  13 B and  13 C and is open to and connected to the first quantification section  18 A of the circulating flow path  10  via the discharge flow path  13 A. The reservoir  29 A is open to and connected to the first quantification section  18 A of the circulating flow path  10  via the penetration portion  39 A and the introduction flow path  12 A. 
     In this state, by performing negative-pressure suction on the waste solution tank  7  from a tank suction hole, the solution LA accommodated in the reservoir  29 A is sequentially introduced into the penetration portion  39 A, the introduction flow path  12 A, the first quantification section  18 A of the circulating flow path  10 , the discharge flow path  13 A, and the waste solution tank  7 . There is a likelihood that foreign substance will remain in the flow paths through which the solution LA is introduced into the waste solution tank  7 , but since the foreign substance is caught by an introduction head of the solution LA and is introduced into the waste solution tank  7  at the time of introduction of the solution, it is possible to curb the likelihood that the foreign substance will remain in the circulating flow path  10 . 
     In the reservoir  29 A, air exists at the other end opposite to the accommodated solution LA (the side opposite to a portion connected to the penetration portion  39 A). Accordingly, when the solution LA accommodated in the reservoir  29 A is introduced into the circulating flow path  10 , for example, there is a likelihood that the fluidic device  100 A will be inclined with respect to the horizontal plane and will take a posture in which the penetration portion  39 A connected to one end of the linear reservoir  29 A is located upside and the other end opposite thereto is located downside. At this time, since the capillary force has a greater influence on the solution LA than the acceleration which includes the gravity and is applied to the solution does and the solution LA is held in the reservoir  29 A by the capillary force, the solution can be introduced into the introduction flow path  12 A without allowing bubbles remaining at the other end of the reservoir  29 A to precede the solution. 
     Accordingly, it is possible to prevent bubbles from reaching the penetration portion  39 A earlier than the solution LA. As illustrated in  FIGS. 2 and 11 , since the first straight portion  29 A 1  and the second straight portion  29 A 2  in the reservoir  29 A are alternately and continuously connected and bent, bubbles are likely to gather in the bent portion and can be further prevented from reaching the penetration portion  39 A earlier than the solution LA. 
     Then, the waste solution valve OA and the introduction valve TA are closed in a state in which the introduction head of the solution LA flows into the waste solution tank  7  and the introduction tail remains in the introduction flow path  12 A. Accordingly, the solution LA can be quantified on the basis of the volume of the first quantification section  18 A. As described above, since the solution LA in the introduction head in which there is a likelihood foreign substance will exist is discharged to the waste solution tank  7  and bubbles remain in the reservoir  29 A, the solution LA into which foreign substance or bubbles are not mixed is quantified in the first quantification section  18 A of the circulating flow path  10 . 
     Then, in order to introduce the solution LB into the second quantification section  18 B and to quantify the solution LB, first, the quantification valves VB and VC of the circulating flow path  10  are closed, the waste solution valves OA and OC of the discharge flow paths  13 A and  13 C are closed, and the waste solution valve OB of the discharge flow path  13 B and the introduction valve IB of the introduction flow path  12 B are opened. Accordingly, in the circulating flow path  10 , the second quantification section  18 B is partitioned from the first quantification section  18 A and the third quantification section  18 C. The waste solution tank  7  is shielded from the discharge flow paths  13 A and  13 C and is open to and connected to the second quantification section  18 B of the circulating flow path  10  via the discharge flow path  13 B. The reservoir  29 B is open to and connected to the second quantification section  18 B of the circulating flow path  10  via the penetration portion  39 B and the introduction flow path  12 B. 
     In this state, by performing negative-pressure suction on the waste solution tank  7  from the tank suction hole, the solution LB accommodated in the reservoir  29 B is sequentially introduced into the penetration portion  39 B, the introduction flow path  12 B, the second quantification section  18 B of the circulating flow path  10 , the discharge flow path  13 B, and the waste solution tank  7 . Regarding the solution LB, since the foreign substance remaining in the flow paths through which the solution LB is introduced into the waste solution tank  7  is caught by an introduction head of the solution LB and is introduced into the waste solution tank  7  at the time of introduction of the solution, it is possible to curb the likelihood that the foreign substance will remain in the circulating flow path  10 . 
     In the reservoir  29 B, since the capillary force has a greater influence on the solution LB than the acceleration which includes the gravity and is applied to the solution does and the solution LB is held in the reservoir  29 B by the capillary force, the solution can be introduced into the introduction flow path  12 B without allowing bubbles remaining at the other end of the reservoir  29 B to precede the solution. As illustrated in  FIGS. 2 and 11 , since the first straight portion  29 B 1  and the second straight portion  29 B 2  in the reservoir  29 B are alternately and continuously connected and bent, bubbles are likely to gather in the bent portion and can be further prevented from reaching the penetration portion  39 B earlier than the solution LB. 
     Then, the waste solution valve OB and the introduction valve IB are closed in a state in which the introduction head of the solution LB flows into the waste solution tank  7  and the introduction tail remains in the introduction flow path  12 B. Accordingly, the solution LB can be quantified on the basis of the volume of the second quantification section  18 B. As described above, since the solution LB in the introduction head in which there is a likelihood foreign substance will exist is discharged to the waste solution tank  7  and bubbles remain in the reservoir  29 B, the solution LB into which foreign substance or bubbles are not mixed is quantified in the second quantification section  18 B of the circulating flow path  10 . 
     Then, in order to introduce the solution LC into the third quantification section  18 C and to quantify the solution LC, first, the quantification valves VA and VC of the circulating flow path  10  are closed, the waste solution valves OA and OB of the discharge flow paths  13 A and  13 B are closed, and the waste solution valve OC of the discharge flow path  13 C and the introduction valve IC of the introduction flow path  12 C are opened. Accordingly, in the circulating flow path  10 , the third quantification section  18 C is partitioned from the first quantification section  18 A and the second quantification section  18 B. The waste solution tank  7  is shielded from the discharge flow paths  13 A and  13 B and is open to and connected to the third quantification section  18 C of the circulating flow path  10  via the discharge flow path  13 C. The reservoir  29 C is open to and connected to the third quantification section  18 C of the circulating flow path  10  via the penetration portion  39 C and the introduction flow path  12 C. 
     In this state, by performing negative-pressure suction on the waste solution tank  7  from the tank suction hole, the solution LC accommodated in the reservoir  29 C is sequentially introduced into the penetration portion  39 C, the introduction flow path  12 C, the third quantification section  18 C of the circulating flow path  10 , the discharge flow path  13 C, and the waste solution tank  7 . Regarding the solution LC, since the foreign substance remaining in the flow paths through which the solution LC is introduced into the waste solution tank  7  is caught by an introduction head of the solution LC and is introduced into the waste solution tank  7  at the time of introduction of the solution, it is possible to curb the likelihood that the foreign substance will remain in the circulating flow path  10 . 
     In the reservoir  29 C, since the capillary force has a greater influence on the solution LC than the acceleration which includes the gravity and is applied to the solution does and the solution LC is held in the reservoir  29 C by the capillary force, the solution can be introduced into the introduction flow path  12 C without allowing bubbles remaining at the other end of the reservoir  29 C to precede the solution. As illustrated in  FIGS. 2 and 11 , since the first straight portion  29 C 1  and the second straight portion  29 C 2  in the reservoir  29 C are alternately and continuously connected and bent, bubbles are likely to gather in the bent portion and can be prevented from reaching the penetration portion  39 C earlier than the solution LC. 
     Then, the waste solution valve OC and the introduction valve IC are closed in a state in which the introduction head of the solution LC flows into the waste solution tank  7  and the introduction tail remains in the introduction flow path  12 C. Accordingly, the solution LC can be quantified on the basis of the volume of the third quantification section  18 C. As described above, since the solution LC in the introduction head in which there is a likelihood foreign substance will exist is discharged to the waste solution tank  7  and bubbles remain in the reservoir  29 C, the solution LC into which foreign substance or bubbles are not mixed is quantified in the third quantification section  18 C of the circulating flow path  10 . 
     When the solutions LA, LB, and LC are quantified and introduced into the circulating flow path  10 , the solutions LA, LB, and LC in the circulating flow path  10  are pumped and circulated using a pump. The flow rates of the solutions LA, LB, and LC circulating in the circulating flow path  10  are low in the vicinity of the wall surface and are high at the center of the flow path by interactions (friction) between the flow path wall surface in the flow path and the solutions. As a result, since the flow rates of the solutions LA, LB, and LC are distributed, mixing of the solutions is promoted. For example, by driving a pump, convection occurs in the solutions LA, LB, and LC in the circulating flow path  10  and mixing of a plurality of solutions LA, LB, and LC is promoted. A pump valve that can pump a solution by opening and closing the valves may be used as the pump. 
     As described above, in the fluidic device  100 A according to this embodiment, since the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C are formed of linear recesses which are formed in an in-plane direction of the bottom surface  9   a  and the size of the cross-section of each of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C is set on the basis of the capillary length, it is possible to prevent bubbles in the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C from reaching and entering the circulating flow path  10  earlier than the solutions LA, LB, and LC do even when the fluidic device  100 A is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane. Accordingly, in the fluidic device  100 A according to this embodiment, the solutions LA, LB, and LC can be easily supplied from the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C to the circulating flow path  10 . In the fluidic device  100 A according to this embodiment, since the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B, and  29 C are bent and meander, the solutions LA, LB, and LC with sufficient volumes can be accommodated therein even when they are formed of linear recesses, bubbles can be easily trapped in the bent portions, and mixing of bubbles into the circulating flow path  10  can be further prevented. 
     In the embodiment, a routine of sequentially introducing the solutions LA, LB, and LC into the first quantification section  18 A, the second quantification section  18 B, and the third quantification section  18 C has been described above, but the invention is not limited to this routine and a routine of simultaneously introducing the solutions LA, LB, and LC into the first quantification section  18 A, the second quantification section  18 B, and the third quantification section  18 C may be employed. 
     When this routine is employed, the solutions LA, LB, and LC can be simultaneously quantified and introduced into the first quantification section  18 A, the second quantification section  18 B, and the third quantification section  18 C, respectively, by closing the quantification valves VA, VB, and VC to partition the first quantification section  18 A, the second quantification section  18 B, and the third quantification section  18 C, opening the waste solution valves OA, OB, and OC and the introduction valves IA, IB, and IC, and then performing negative-pressure suction from the tank suction hole on the inside of the waste solution tank  7 . 
     A system according to an embodiment includes the fluidic device  100 A and a control unit which is not illustrated. The control unit is connected to the valves (the quantification valves VA, VB, and VC, the introduction valves IA, IB, and IC, and the waste solution valves OA, OB, and OC) which are provided in the fluidic device  100 A via connection lines which are not illustrated and controls opening and closing of the valves. With the system according to this embodiment, mixing in the fluidic device  100 A can be performed. 
     Fourth Embodiment 
     A fluidic device according to a fourth embodiment will be described below with reference to  FIGS. 12 to 17 . In the drawings, the same elements as the elements in the first to third embodiments illustrated in  FIGS. 1 to 11  will be referred to by the same reference signs and description thereof will be omitted. 
       FIG. 12  is a plan view schematically illustrating a fluidic device  200  according to the fourth embodiment. The fluidic device  200  is a device that detects an antigen (such as a sample material or a biomolecule) which is a detection target included in a test sample by an immune reaction and an enzyme reaction. The fluidic device  200  includes a substrate plate  201  in which flow paths and valves are formed.  FIG. 12  schematically illustrating a reaction layer  119 B on a top surface  201   b  side of the substrate plate  201 . Part of the reaction layer  119 B is formed on the bottom surface side of the upper plate  6 , but is described to be formed in the substrate plate  201  other than the upper plate  6 . 
     The fluidic device  200  includes a circulation type mixer  1   d . The circulation type mixer  1   d  includes a first circulating portion  2  in which a solution including carrier particles circulates and a second circulating portion  3  in which a solution introduced from the circulating flow path  10  circulates. The first circulating portion  2  includes a circulating flow path  10  in which a solution including carrier particles circulates, circulating flow path valves V 1 , V 2 , and V 3 , and a capturing portion  40 . The second circulating portion  3  includes a second circulating flow path  50  in which a solution introduced from the circulating flow path circulates, a capturing portion  42  that is provided in the second circulating flow path  50 , and a detection portion  60  that is provided in the second circulating flow path  50  and detects a sample material which is coupled to the carrier particles. In the first circulating portion  2 , pretreatment for detecting the sample material can be performed by circulating the sample material in the circulating flow path  10  to be coupled to the carrier particles and a detection assisting material (for example, a marker material). The pretreated sample material is transferred from the first circulating portion  2  to the second circulating portion  3 . In the second circulating portion  3 , the pretreated sample material is detected in the second circulating flow path  50 . The pretreated sample material repeatedly comes into contact with the detection portion  60  by circulating in the second circulating flow path  50  and is efficiently detected. 
     The capturing portion  40  includes a capturing means installing portion  41  that is provided in the circulating flow path  10  and in which a capturing means capturing carrier particles can be installed. The carrier particles are, for example, particles which can react with a sample material which is a detection target. Examples of the carrier particles which are used in this embodiment include magnetic beads, magnetic particles, gold nanoparticles, agarose beads, and plastic beads. Examples of the sample material include biomolecules such as nucleic acid, DNA, RNA, peptides, proteins, and extracellular endoplasmic reticula. Examples of the reaction between the carrier particles and the sample material include coupling between the carrier particles and the sample material, adsorption between the carrier particles and the sample material, modification of the carrier particles by the sample material, and chemical change of the carrier particles by the sample material. For example, when magnetic beads or magnetic particles are used as the carrier particles, a magnetic force source such as a magnet can be exemplified as the capturing means. Examples of another capturing means include a column with a filler material which can be coupled to the carrier particles and an electrode which can attract the carrier particles. 
     The detection portion  60  is disposed to face the capturing portion  42  such that the sample material coupled to the carrier particles captured in the capturing portion  42  having the same configuration as the capturing portion  40  can be detected. 
     Introduction flow paths  21 ,  22 ,  23 ,  24 , and  25  for introducing first to fifth solutions are connected to the circulating flow path  10 . Introduction flow path valves I 1 , I 2 , I 3 , I 4 , and I 5  that open and close the introduction flow paths are provided in the introduction flow paths  21 ,  22 ,  23 ,  24 , and  25 . An introduction flow path  81  that introduces (or discharges) air is connected to the circulating flow path  10 , and an introduction flow path valve A 1  that opens and closes the introduction flow path is provided in the introduction flow path  81 . Discharge flow paths  31 ,  32 , and  33  are connected to the circulating flow path  10 . Discharge flow path valves O 1 , O 2 , and O 3  that open and close the discharge flow paths are provided in the discharge flow paths  31 ,  32 , and  33 . A first circulating flow path valve V 1 , a second circulating flow path valve V 2 , and a third circulating flow path valve V 3  that partition the circulating flow path  10  are provided in the circulating flow path  10 . The first circulating flow path valve V 1  is disposed in the vicinity of a connecting portion between the discharge flow path  31  and the circulating flow path  10 . The second circulating flow path valve V 2  is disposed between a connecting portion between the introduction flow path  21  and the circulating flow path  10  and a connecting portion between the introduction flow path  22  and the circulating flow path  10  and in the vicinity thereof. The third circulating flow path valve V 3  is disposed between a connecting portion between the discharge flow path  32  and the circulating flow path  10  and a connecting portion between the discharge flow path  33  and the circulating flow path  10  and in the vicinity thereof. 
     In this way, the circulating flow path  10  are partitioned into three flow paths  10   x ,  10   y , and  10   z  when the first circulating flow path valve V 1 , the second circulating flow path valve V 2 , and the third circulating flow path valve V 3  are closed, and at least one introduction flow path and at least one discharge flow path are connected to each section. 
     Introduction flow paths  26  and  27  are connected to the second circulating flow path  50 . Introduction flow path valves I 6  and I 7  that open and close the introduction flow paths are provided in the introduction flow paths  26  and  27 . An introduction flow path  82  that introduces air is connected to the second circulating flow path  50 , and an introduction flow path valve A 2  that opens and closes the introduction flow path is provided in the introduction flow path  82 . A discharge flow path  34  is connected to the second circulating flow path  50 . A discharge flow path valve O 4  that opens and closes the discharge flow path is provided in the discharge flow path  34 . 
     Pump valves V 3 , V 4 , and V 5  are provided in the circulating flow path  10 . Here, the third circulating flow path valve V 3  is also used as a pump valve. Pump valves V 6 , V 7 , and V 8  are provided in the second circulating flow path  50 . 
     For example, the volume in the second circulating flow path  50  is preferably set to be less than the volume in the circulating flow path  10 . Here, the volume in a circulating flow path includes a volume of the circulating flow path when a solution circulates in the circulating flow path. The volume in the circulating flow path  10  is, for example, a volume in the circulating flow path  10  when the valves V 1 , V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , and V 5  are open and the valves I 1 , I 2 , I 3 , I 4 , I 5 , O 1 , O 2 , O 3 , A 1 , and V 9  are closed. The volume in the second circulating flow path  50  is, for example, a volume in the second circulating flow path  50  when the valves V 6 , V 7 , and V 8  are open and the valves I 6 , I 7 , O 4 , A 2 , and V 9  are closed. For example, when the volume in the second circulating flow path  50  is less than the volume in the circulating flow path  10 , an amount of solution circulating in the second circulating flow path  50  is less than an amount of solution circulating in the circulating flow path  10 . Accordingly, in the fluidic device  200 , an amount of chemical (reagent) which is used for detection can be curbed. In the fluidic device  200 , when the volume in the second circulating flow path  50  is less than the volume in the circulating flow path  10 , it is possible to improve detection sensitivity. For example, when a detection target material is dispersed or resolved in the solution in the second circulating flow path  50 , it is possible to improve detection sensitivity by decreasing an amount of solution in the second circulating flow path  50 . The volume in the second circulating flow path  50  may be greater than the volume in the circulating flow path  10 . In this case, in the fluidic device  200 , the amount of solution circulating in the second circulating flow path  50  is greater than the amount of solution circulating in the circulating flow path  10 . In this case, in the fluidic device  200 , the second circulating flow path  50  may be filled, for example, by transferring the solution circulating in the circulating flow path  10  to the second circulating flow path  50  and adding a measuring solution or a substrate solution thereto. 
     The circulating flow path  10  and the second circulating flow path  50  are connected to each other via a connecting flow path  100  that connects the circulating flow paths. A connecting flow path valve V 9  that opens and closes the connecting flow path  100  is provided in the connecting flow path  100 . In the fluidic device  200 , a solution is circulated in the circulating flow path  10  in a state in which the connecting flow path valve V 9  is closed, and pretreatment is performed. After pretreatment of the solution, the connecting flow path valve V 9  is opened and the solution is transferred to the second circulating flow path via the connecting flow path. Thereafter, the connecting flow path valve V 9  is closed, the solution is circulated in the second circulating flow path, and a detection reaction is performed. Accordingly, since a pretreated sample is transferred to the second circulating flow path after necessary pretreatment has been performed, it is possible to prevent an unnecessary material from circulating in the second circulating flow path  50 . Accordingly, it is possible to curb unnecessary contamination or noise at the time of detection. For example, the circulating flow path  10  and the second circulating flow path  50  do not share any flow path in which a solution can circulate. In the fluidic device  200 , since a flow path in which a solution can circulate is not shared, it is possible to decrease a likelihood that residues attached to the wall surface in the circulating flow path  10  and the like will circulated in the second circulating flow path  50  and to decrease contamination at the time of detection in the second circulating flow path  50  due to residues remaining in the circulating flow path  10 . 
     The fluidic device  200  includes introduction inlets for a sample, a reagent, and air which are introduced. The fluidic device  200  includes a first reagent-introduction inlet  10   a  which is a penetration portion provided at an end of the introduction flow path  21 , a sample-introduction inlet  10   b  which is a penetration portion provided at an end of the introduction flow path  22 , a second reagent-introduction inlet  10   c  which is a penetration portion provided at an end of the introduction flow path  23 , a cleaning solution-introduction inlet  10   d  which is a penetration portion provided at an end of the introduction flow path  24 , a transfer solution-introduction inlet  10   e  which is a penetration portion provided at an end of the introduction flow path  25 , and an air-introduction inlet  10   f  that is provided at an end of the introduction flow path  81 . 
     The first reagent-introduction inlet  10   a , the sample-introduction inlet  10   b , the second reagent-introduction inlet  10   c , the cleaning solution-introduction inlet  10   d , the transfer solution-introduction inlet  10   e , and the air-introduction inlet  10   f  are open from the top surface  201   b  of the substrate plate  201 . The first reagent-introduction inlet  10   a  is connected to a reservoir  215 R which will be described later. The sample-introduction inlet  10   b  is connected to a reservoir  213 R which will be described later. The second reagent-introduction inlet  10   c  is connected to a reservoir  214 R which will be described later. The cleaning solution-introduction inlet  10   d  is connected to a reservoir  212 R which will be described later. The transfer solution-introduction inlet  10   e  is connected to a reservoir  222 R which will be described later. 
     The fluidic device  200  includes a substrate solution-introduction inlet  50   a  which is a penetration portion provided at an end of the introduction flow path  26 , a measuring solution-introduction inlet  50   b  which is a penetration portion provided at an end of the introduction flow path  27 , and an air-introduction inlet  50   c  that is provided at an end of the introduction flow path  82 . The substrate solution-introduction inlet  50   a , the measuring solution-introduction inlet  50   b , and the air-introduction inlet  50   c  are open from the top surface  201   b  of the substrate plate  201 . The substrate solution-introduction inlet  50   a  is connected to a reservoir  224 R which will be described later. The measuring solution-introduction inlet  50   b  is connected to a reservoir  225 R which will be described later. 
     The discharge flow paths  31 ,  32 , and  33  are connected to a waste solution tank  70 . The waste solution tank  70  includes an outlet  70   a . The outlet  70   a  is open from the top surface  201   b  of the substrate plate  201 , is connected to, for example, an external suction pump (not illustrated), and is subjected to negative-pressure suction. 
       FIG. 13  is a bottom view schematically illustrating a reservoir layer  119 A on the bottom surface  201   a  side of the substrate plate  201 . As illustrated in  FIG. 13 , the reservoir layer  119 A includes a plurality of (seven in  FIG. 13 ) flow path type reservoirs  212 R,  213 R,  214 R,  215 R,  222 R,  224 R, and  225 R which are disposed in the bottom surface  201   a  of the substrate plate  201 . The reservoirs  212 R,  213 R,  214 R,  215 R,  222 R,  224 R, and  225 R can independently accommodate solutions. The reservoirs  212 R,  213 R,  214 R,  215 R,  222 R,  224 R, and  225 R are formed of linear recesses which are formed in an in-plane direction of the bottom surface  201   a  (for example, one direction or a plurality of directions in the in-plane direction of the bottom surface  201   a  or a direction parallel to the in-plane direction of the bottom surface  201   a ). 
     The bottoms of the recesses in the reservoirs  212 R,  213 R,  214 R,  215 R,  222 R,  224 R, and  225 R are substantially flush with each other. The recesses in the reservoirs  212 R,  213 R,  214 R,  215 R,  222 R,  224 R, and  225 R have the same width. The cross-section of each recess is rectangular, for example, as illustrated in  FIG. 5 . The cross-section of each of the reservoirs  212 R,  213 R,  214 R,  215 R,  222 R,  224 R, and  225 R is set to a size based on the capillary length as described above. In the reservoirs  212 R,  213 R,  214 R,  215 R,  222 R,  224 R, and  225 R, for example, the width of each recess is 1.5 mm and the depth is 1.5 mm. The volume of each recess in the reservoirs  212 R,  213 R,  214 R,  215 R,  222 R,  224 R, and  225 R is set depending on an amount of solution (a volume of a solution) required for performing a mixing/reaction on the basis of the capillary length. In the reservoirs  212 R,  213 R,  214 R,  215 R,  222 R,  224 R, and  225 R, the length is set depending on an amount of solution accommodated therein on the basis of the capillary length. At least two reservoirs out of the reservoirs  212 R,  213 R,  214 R,  215 R,  222 R,  224 R, and  225 R in this embodiment have different volumes. 
     For example, the reservoir  212 R has a length of 360 mm and a volume of about 810 μL. The reservoir  213 R has a length of 160 mm and a volume of about 360 μL. The reservoirs  214 R and  215 R have a length of 110 mm and a volume of about 248 μL. The reservoir  222 R has a length of 150 mm and a volume of about 338 μL. The reservoir  224 R has a length of 220 mm and a volume of about 500 μL. The reservoir  225 R has a length of 180 mm and a volume of about 400 μL. 
     The reservoirs  212 R,  213 R,  214 R,  215 R,  222 R,  224 R, and  225 R are formed in a meandering shape in which a linear recess is vertically folded back and extends in a predetermined direction. For example, regarding the reservoir  213 R, the reservoir  213 R is formed in a meandering shape including a plurality of (thirteen in  FIG. 13 ) first straight portions  213 R 1  which are disposed in parallel to a predetermined direction (a right-left direction in  FIG. 13 ) and second straight portions  213 R 2  in which connecting portions between the ends of the neighboring first straight portions  213 R 1  are alternately and repeatedly connected at one end and the other end of the first straight portions  213 R 1 . For example, the reservoirs  212 R,  214 R,  215 R,  222 R,  224 R, and  225 R are formed in a meandering shape similarly to the reservoir  213 R. 
     One end of the reservoir  212 R is connected to the cleaning solution-introduction inlet (the penetration portion)  10   d  penetrating the substrate plate  201  in the thickness direction thereof. The other end of the reservoir  212 R is connected to an atmospheric open portion  20   d . The atmospheric open portion  20   d  penetrates the substrate plate  201  in the thickness direction thereof. One end of the reservoir  213 R is connected to the test sample-introduction inlet (the penetration portion)  10   b  penetrating the substrate plate  201  in the thickness direction thereof. The other end of the reservoir  213 R is connected to an atmospheric open portion  20   b . The atmospheric open portion  20   b  penetrates the substrate plate  201  in the thickness direction thereof. One end of the reservoir  214 R is connected to the second reagent-introduction inlet (the penetration portion)  10   c  penetrating the substrate plate  201  in the thickness direction thereof. The other end of the reservoir  214 R is connected to an atmospheric open portion  20   c . The atmospheric open portion  20   c  penetrates the substrate plate  201  in the thickness direction thereof. One end of the reservoir  215 R is connected to the first reagent-introduction inlet (the penetration portion)  10   a  penetrating the substrate plate  201  in the thickness direction thereof. The other end of the reservoir  215 R is connected to an atmospheric open portion  20   a . The atmospheric open portion  20   a  penetrates the substrate plate  201  in the thickness direction thereof. One end of the reservoir  222 R is connected to the transfer solution-introduction inlet (the penetration portion)  10   e  penetrating the substrate plate  201  in the thickness direction thereof. The other end of the reservoir  222 R is connected to an atmospheric open portion  20   e . The atmospheric open portion  20   e  penetrates the substrate plate  201  in the thickness direction thereof. One end of the reservoir  224 R is connected to the substrate solution-introduction inlet (the penetration portion)  50   a  penetrating the substrate plate  201  in the thickness direction thereof. The other end of the reservoir  224 R is connected to an atmospheric open portion  60   a . The atmospheric open portion  60   a  penetrates the substrate plate  201  in the thickness direction thereof. One end of the reservoir  225 R is connected to the measuring solution-introduction inlet (the penetration portion)  50   b  penetrating the substrate plate  201  in the thickness direction thereof. The other end of the reservoir  225 R is connected to an atmospheric open portion  60   b . The atmospheric open portion  60   b  penetrates the substrate plate  201  in the thickness direction thereof. Air holes (not illustrated) communicating with the atmospheric open portions  20   a ,  20   b ,  20   c ,  20   d ,  20   e ,  60   a , and  60   b  are formed to penetrate the upper plate  6  in the thickness direction thereof. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 13 , for example, 800 μL of a cleaning solution L 8  is accommodated as a solution in the reservoir  212 R. For example, 300 μL of a test sample solution L 1  including a sample material is accommodated as a solution in the reservoir  213 R. For example, 200 μL of a second reagent solution L 3  including a marker material (a detection assisting material) is accommodated as a solution in the reservoir  214 R. For example, 200 μL of a first reagent solution L 2  including carrier particles is accommodated as a solution in the reservoir  215 R. For example, 300 μL of a transfer solution L 5  is accommodated as a solution in the reservoir  222 R. For example, 500 μL of a substrate solution L 6  is accommodated as a solution in the reservoir  224 R. For example, 400 μL of a measuring solution L 7  is accommodated as a solution in the reservoir  225 R. The capacities of the reservoirs can be easily adjusted by changing at least one of the width, the depth, and the length. 
     For example, in a method of manufacturing the fluidic device  200 , similarly to the above-mentioned fluidic device  100 A, the fluidic device  200  is manufactured by forming the reservoir layer  119 A and the reaction layer  119 B in the substrate plate  201 , installing various types of valves in the upper plate, and then bonding the upper plate, the lower plate, and the substrate plate  201  to be integrated into a stacked state by a bonding means such as adhesion. In the manufactured fluidic device  200 , a predetermined solution is injected into the reservoirs  212 R,  213 R,  214 R,  215 R,  222 R,  224 R, and  225 R via the air holes. For example, an amount of solution which is injected doubles the amount of solution which is used for detection of a sample material which will be described later. A suction pressure at the time of injection of a solution is, for example, 5 kPa. 
     (Mixing Method, Capturing Method, Detection Method Using Fluidic Device  200 ) 
     The mixing method, the capturing method, and the detection method using the fluidic device  200  having the above-mentioned configuration will be described below. Since the fluidic device  200  includes the circulation type mixer  1   d , the mixing method, the capturing method, and the detection method using the circulation type mixer  1   d  will be described below. In the detection method according to this embodiment, an antigen (such as a sample material or a biomolecule) which is a detection target included in a test sample is detected by an immune reaction and an enzyme reaction. 
     (Introduction Process and Partitioning Process) 
     First, as illustrated in  FIG. 14 , the first circulating flow path valve V 1 , the second circulating flow path valve V 2 , the third circulating flow path valve V 3 , and the introduction flow path valves I 5 , I 4 , and A 1  are closed. Accordingly, the circulating flow path  10  is partitioned into a flow path  10   x , a flow path  10   y , and a flow path  10   z.    
     Subsequently, the first reagent solution L 2  including carrier particles is introduced into the flow path  10   x  from the first reagent-introduction inlet  10   a  connected to the reservoir  215 R of the reservoir layer  119 A, the sample solution L 1  including a sample material is introduced into the flow path  10   y  from the sample solution-introduction inlet  10   b  connected to the reservoir  213 R, and the second reagent solution L 3  including a marker material (a detection assisting material) is introduced into the flow path  10   z  from the second reagent-introduction inlet  10   c  connected to the reservoir  214 R. 
     Introduction of the sample solution L 1 , the second reagent solution L 3 , and the first reagent solution L 2  from the reservoirs  213 R,  214 R, and  215 R is performed by performing negative-pressure suction from the outlet  70   a  of the waste solution tank  70  in a state in which the waste solution valves O 1 , O 2 , and O 3  and the introduction flow path valves I 2  and I 3  are open. At the time of introduction of the sample solution L 1 , the second reagent solution L 3 , and the first reagent solution L 2 , since the reservoirs  213 R,  214 R, and  215 R are formed of linear recesses meandering in the in-plane direction, the capillary force has a greater influence on the sample solution L 1 , the second reagent solution L 3 , and the first reagent solution L 2  than the acceleration which includes the gravity and which is applied to the sample solution L 1 , the second reagent solution L 3 , and the first reagent solution L 2 , and the sample solution L 1 , the second reagent solution L 3 , and the first reagent solution L 2  are held in the reservoirs  213 R,  214 R, and  215 R by the capillary force, the sample solution L 1 , the second reagent solution L 3 , and the first reagent solution L 2  can be easily introduced into the flow path  10   y , the flow path  10   z , and the flow path  10   x  without allowing bubbles remaining on the opposite sides of the solution-introduction inlets  10   b ,  10   c , and  10   a  of the reservoirs  213 R,  214 R, and  215 R to precede the solutions. 
     In this embodiment, the sample solution L 1  includes an antibody which is a detection target (a sample material). Examples of the sample solution include a body fluid such as blood, urine, saliva, blood plasma, or serum, a cellular extract, and a tissue-crushed solution. In this embodiment, magnetic particles are used as carrier particles included in the first reagent solution L 2 . An antibody A which is singularly coupled to an antigen (a sample material) which is a detection target is fixed to the surfaces of magnetic particles. In this embodiment, the second reagent solution L 3  contains an antibody B which is singularly coupled to an antigen which is a detection target. An alkali phosphatase (a detection assisting material, an enzyme) is fixed to the antibody B to mark the antibody. 
     (Mixing Process) 
     Subsequently, as illustrated in  FIG. 15 , the introduction flow path valves I 1 , I 2 , and I 3  are closed. Accordingly, communication with a flow path connected to the circulating flow path  10  is cut off and the circulating flow path  10  is closed. The first circulating flow path valve V 1 , the second circulating flow path valve V 2 , and the third circulating flow path valve V 3  are opened, the pump valves V 3 , V 4 , and V 5  are operated, the first reagent solution L 2  (a first reagent), the sample solution L 1  (a sample), and the second reagent solution L 3  (a second reagent) are circulated in the circulating flow path  10  to mix the solutions, and a mixed solution L 4  is obtained. By mixing the first reagent solution L 2 , the sample solution L 1 , and the second reagent solution L 3 , an antigen is coupled to the antibody A fixed to the carrier particles and the antibody B to which an enzyme is fixed is coupled to the antigen. Accordingly, a carrier particle-antigen-enzyme complex (a carrier particle-sample material-detection assisting material complex, a first complex) is formed. 
     (Magnet Installing Process and Capturing Process) 
     The capturing portion  40  (see  FIG. 12 ) includes a magnet installing portion  41  in which a magnet capturing magnetic particles can be installed. A magnet is installed in the magnet installing portion  41  to enter a capturable state in which the magnet is close to the circulating flow path. In this state, the pump valves V 3 , V 4 , and V 5  are operated to circulate a solution including the carrier particle-antigen-enzyme complex (the first complex) in the circulating flow path  10  and to cause the capturing portion  40  to capture the carrier particle-antigen-enzyme complex. The carrier particle-antigen-enzyme complex flows in one direction or two directions in the circulating flow path and circulates or reciprocates in the circulating flow path. In  FIG. 15 , a state in which the carrier particle-antigen-enzyme complex circulates in one direction. The complex is captured on the inner wall surface of the circulating flow path  10  in the capturing portion  40  and is separated from a liquid component. 
     (Cleaning Process) 
     The introduction flow path valve A 1  and the discharge flow path valve O 2  are opened, the third circulating flow path valve V 3  is closed, negative-pressure suction from the outlet  70   a  is performed, and air is introduced into the circulating flow path  10  from the air-introduction inlet  10   f  via the introduction flow path  81 . Accordingly, a liquid component (a waste solution) separated from the carrier particle-antigen-enzyme complex is discharged from the circulating flow path  10  via the discharge flow path  32 . The waste solution is stored in the waste solution tank  70 . By closing the third circulating flow path valve V 3 , air is efficiently introduced into the circulating flow path  10  as a whole. 
     Thereafter, the discharge flow path valve O 2  and the third circulating flow path valve V 3  are closed, the introduction flow path value I 4  and the discharge flow path valve O 3  are opened, and negative-pressure suction from the outlet  70   a  is performed. Accordingly, a cleaning solution L 8  is introduced into the circulating flow path  10  from the reservoir  212 R via the cleaning solution-introduction inlet  10   d  and the introduction flow path  24 . By closing the third circulating flow path valve V 3 , the cleaning solution L 8  is introduced into the circulating flow path  10  to fill the circulating flow path  10 . At the time of introduction of the cleaning solution L 8 , since the reservoir  212 R is formed of a linear recess meandering in the in-plane direction, the capillary force has a greater influence on the cleaning solution L 8  than the acceleration which includes the gravity and which is applied to the cleaning solution L 8 , and the cleaning solution L 8  is held in the reservoir  212 R by the capillary force, the cleaning solution L 8  can be easily introduced into the circulating flow path  10  without allowing bubbles remaining on the opposite side of the cleaning solution-introduction inlet  10   d  of the reservoir  212 R to precede the solutions. Thereafter, the third circulating flow path valve V 3  is opened, the introduction flow path value I 4  and the discharge flow path valve O 2  are closed, the circulating flow path  10  is cut off, the pump valves V 3 , V 4 , and V 5  are operated to circulate the cleaning solution L 8  in the circulating flow path  10  and to clean the carrier particles. 
     Subsequently, the introduction flow path valve A 1  and the discharge flow path valve O 2  are opened, the third circulating flow path valve V 3  is closed, negative-pressure suction from the outlet  70   a  is performed, and air is introduced into the circulating flow path  10  from the air-introduction inlet  10   f  via the introduction flow path  81 . Accordingly, the cleaning solution is discharged from the circulating flow path  10 , and the antibody B which has not formed the carrier particle-antigen-enzyme complex is discharged from the circulating flow path  10 . Introduction and discharge of the cleaning solution may be performed a plurality of times. By repeatedly introducing the cleaning solution, performing cleaning, and discharging the solution after cleaning, it is possible to enhance removal efficiency of impurities. 
     (Transfer Process) 
     The introduction flow path valve I 5  and the discharge flow path valve O 3  are opened, the discharge flow path valve O 2  and the third circulating flow path valve V 3  are closed, negative-pressure suction from the outlet  70   a  is performed, and the transfer solution L 5  is introduced into the circulating flow path  10  from the reservoir  222 R via the transfer solution-introduction inlet  10   e  and the introduction flow path  25 . The introduction flow path value I 5  and the discharge flow path valve O 2  are opened, the discharge flow path valve O 3  and the third circulating flow path valve V 3  are closed, negative-pressure suction from the outlet  70   a  is performed, and the transfer solution L 5  is introduced into the circulating flow path  10  from the transfer solution-introduction inlet  10   e  connected to the reservoir  222 R via the introduction flow path  25 . At the time of introduction of the transfer solution L 5 , since the reservoir  222 R is formed of a linear recess meandering in the in-plane direction, the capillary force has a greater influence on the transfer solution L 5  than the acceleration which includes the gravity and which is applied to the transfer solution L 5 , and the transfer solution L 5  is held in the reservoir  222 R by the capillary force, the transfer solution L 5  can be easily introduced into the circulating flow path  10  without allowing bubbles remaining on the opposite side of the transfer solution-introduction inlet  10   e  of the reservoir  222 R to precede the solutions. 
     Subsequently, the third circulating flow path valve V 3  is opened, the introduction flow path value I 5  and the discharge flow path valves O 2  and O 3  are closed, and the circulating flow path  10  is cut off. The magnet is detached from the magnet installing portion  41  and is separated away from the circulating flow path to enter a released state, and the carrier particle-antigen-enzyme complex captured on the inner wall surface of the circulating flow path  10  in the capturing portion  40  is released. The pump valves V 3 , V 4 , and V 5  are operated, the transfer solution is circulated in the circulating flow path  10 , and the carrier particle-antigen-enzyme complex is dispersed in the transfer solution. 
     Subsequently, as illustrated in  FIG. 16 , the introduction flow path valve A 1 , the connecting flow path valve V 9 , and the discharge flow path valve O 4  are opened, negative-pressure suction from the outlet  70   a  is performed, and air is introduced into the circulating flow path  10  from the air-introduction inlet  10   f  via the introduction flow path  81 . The transfer solution including the carrier particle-antigen-enzyme complex is extruded by the air and the transfer solution L 5  is introduced into the second circulating flow path  50  via the connecting flow path  100 . At this time, when the valve V 6  is closed and the transfer solution L 5  reaches a connecting portion between the discharge flow path  34  and the second circulating flow path  50 , the valve V 7  is closed and the second circulating flow path  50  is filled with the transfer solution. The carrier particle-antigen-enzyme complex is transferred to the second circulating flow path  50 . 
     (Detection Process) 
     After transferring of the transfer solution to the second circulating flow path  50  has been completed, as illustrated in  FIG. 17 , the connecting flow path valve V 9  and the discharge flow path valve O 4  are closed to cut off the second circulating flow path  50 , the pump valves V 6 , V 7 , and V 8  are operated to circulate the transfer solution L 5  including the carrier particle-antigen-enzyme complex in the second circulating flow path  50 , and the carrier particle-antigen-enzyme complex is captured by the capturing portion  42  (see  FIG. 12 ). 
     The introduction flow path valve A 2  and the discharge flow path valve O 4  are opened, negative-pressure suction from the outlet  70   a  is performed, and air is introduced into the second circulating flow path  50  from the air-introduction inlet  50   c  via the introduction flow path  82 . Accordingly, the liquid component (the waste solution) of the transfer solution L 5  separated from the carrier particle-antigen-enzyme complex is discharged from the second circulating flow path  50  via the discharge flow path  34 . The waste solution is stored in the waste solution tank  70 . At this time, air is efficiently introduced into the second circulating flow path  50  as a whole by closing the valve V 6  or the valve V 7 . 
     The introduction flow path valve I 6  and the discharge flow path valve O 4  are opened, the valve V 7  is closed, negative-pressure suction from the outlet  70   a  is performed, and the substrate solution L 6  is introduced into the second circulating flow path  50  from the reservoir  224 R via the substrate solution-introduction inlet  50   a  and the introduction flow path  26 . The substrate solution L 6  includes 3-(2′-spiroadamantane)-4-methoxy-4-(3″-phosphoryloxy)phenyl-1,2-dioxetane (AMPPD) or 4-Aminophenyl Phosphate (pAPP) which serves as a substrate of an alkali phosphatase (an enzyme). At the time of introduction of the substrate solution L 6 , since the reservoir  224 R is formed of a linear recess meandering in the in-plane direction, the capillary force has a greater influence on the substrate solution L 6  than the acceleration which includes the gravity and which is applied to the substrate solution L 6 , and the substrate solution L 6  is held in the reservoir  224 R by the capillary force, the substrate solution L 6  can be easily introduced into the second circulating flow path  50  without allowing bubbles remaining on the opposite side of the substrate solution-introduction inlet  50   a  of the reservoir  224 R to precede the solutions. 
     The discharge flow path valve O 4  and the introduction flow path value I 6  are closed to cut off the second circulating flow path  50 , the pump valves V 6 , V 7 , and V 8  are operated to circulate the substrate solution in the second circulating flow path  50 , and the substrate and the carrier particle-antigen-enzyme complex are caused to react with each other. 
     Through the above-mentioned operations (the detection method and the like), an antigen which is a detection target included in a sample can be detected as a chemiluminescent signal, an electrochemical signal, or the like. In this way, the detecting portion  60  and the capturing portion  42  may not be used in combination and the capturing portion is not necessarily provided in the second circulating flow path  50 . 
     The detection method according to this embodiment can also be applied to analysis of a biological sample, in-vitro diagnosis, or the like. 
     Through the above-mentioned routine, it is possible to detect a sample material using the fluidic device  200 . In the fluidic device  200  according to this embodiment, similarly to the fluidic devices  100 A according to the first to third embodiments, since the size of the cross-section of each of the reservoirs  212 R,  213 R,  214 R,  215 R,  222 R,  224 R, and  225 R is set on the basis of the capillary length, bubbles in the reservoirs  212 R,  213 R,  214 R,  215 R,  222 R,  224 R, and  225 R can be prevented from reaching the circulating flow path  10  or the second circulating flow path  50  earlier than the solutions and being mixed thereinto even when the fluidic device  100 A is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane. Accordingly, in the fluidic device  200  according to this embodiment, supply of solutions from the reservoirs  212 R,  213 R,  214 R,  215 R,  222 R,  224 R, and  225 R to the circulating flow path  10  or the second circulating flow path  50  can be easily performed without mixing bubbles and thus it is possible to improve detection accuracy of the sample material. 
     In this embodiment, an example in which the substrate solution L 6  and the measuring solution L 7  are introduced, circulated, and detected by the detecting portion  60  as a solution which is circulated in the second circulating flow path to detect a sample material is described. However, the solutions may be one kind of solution. A plurality of quantification sections may be provided in the second circulating flow path  50  and solutions which are introduced into and quantified in the individual sections and which are circulated and mixed may be used. 
     In the above embodiments, the configuration or the detection method of a fluidic device using an antigen-antibody reaction has been described above, and may also be applied to a reaction using hybridization. 
     While embodiments of the invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the invention is not limited to the embodiments. All shapes, combinations, and the like of the constituent members described in the above embodiments are only examples and can be modified in various forms on the basis of a design request or the like without departing from the gist of the invention. 
     For example, the cross-section of each of the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B,  29 C,  212 R,  213 R,  214 R,  215 R,  222 R,  224 R, and  225 R in the above embodiments are rectangular, but the invention is not limited to the configuration and the cross-section may have, for example, a circular shape or a tapered shape which decreases in width toward the bottom surface as illustrated in  FIG. 4 . When this configuration is employed, for example, when the substrate plate  9  is manufactured by injection molding, it is possible to decrease mold release resistance and to improve moldability. 
     In the above embodiments, a configuration in which a plurality of reservoirs have the same width and the same depth has been described above, but the invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, the width and the depth of each of a plurality of reservoirs may be set to different values depending on fluid flow characteristics of a solution which is accommodated. For example, when solutions are introduced into a circulating flow path by comprehensive negative-pressure suction from the plurality of reservoirs, the width and the depth based on fluid flow characteristics (fluid flow resistance or the like) of a solution for each reservoir may be set such that different types of solutions are introduced into the circulating flow path at the same timing. 
     Introduction of various types of solutions into the circulating flow path from the reservoirs does not need to be performed only once but may be divisionally performed a plurality of times. When solutions are divisionally introduced a plurality of times, an amount of solution for each time can be quantified by controlling an operation time of a solution transfer pump or providing a solution sensor and detecting passing of the head of a gas-solution interface through a quantification zone. 
     In the above embodiments, the reservoirs  29 A,  29 B,  29 C,  212 R,  213 R,  214 R,  215 R,  222 R,  224 R, and  225 R have a shape in which a linear recess meanders, but may include a curved flow path which is a flow path with a non-straight shape. Examples of a reservoir including a curved flow path include a configuration in which a U-shaped, W-shaped, or C-shaped flow path is included or a configuration in which a plurality of (three in  FIG. 18 ) first arc-shaped portion RVa which are concentrically formed and second arc-shaped portions RVb which alternately and repeatedly connect connecting portions of the neighboring first arc-shaped portions RVa at one end and the other end in the circumferential direction of the first arc-shaped portions RVa are included, as illustrated in  FIG. 18 . The reservoir of a curved shape is not limited to an arc shape, but may have a spiral shape in which a distance from an axis perpendicular to one surface of the substrate increases gradually with respect to the axis. The size of a cross-section of a reservoir including a flow path of a curved shape which is a flow path of a non-straight shape can be set on the basis of the capillary length. 
     In the above embodiments, a configuration in which the reservoir layer  19 A is disposed in the bottom surface  9   a  of the substrate plate  9  and the reaction layer  19 B is disposed in the top surface  9   b  of the substrate plate  9  and a configuration in which the reservoir layer  119 A is disposed in the bottom surface  201   a  of the substrate plate  201  and the reaction layer  119 B is disposed in the top surface  201   b  of the substrate plate  201  have been described above, but the invention is not limited to the configurations. For example, when the reaction layer  19 B is disposed in the top surface  9   b  of the substrate plate  9 , a configuration in which the reservoir layer is disposed in the top surface of the lower plate  8  or a configuration in which the reservoir layer is disposed in the top surface of the lower plate  8  and the bottom surface  9   a  of the substrate plate  9  may be employed. For example, when the reservoir layer  119 A is disposed in the bottom surface  201   a  of the substrate plate  201 , a configuration in which a reaction layer is disposed in the bottom surface of the upper plate  6 , a configuration in which the reaction layer is formed in a substrate other than the upper plate  6  and the substrate plate  201 , or a configuration in which the reaction layer is disposed in the bottom surface of the upper plate  6  and the top surface  201   b  of the substrate plate  201  may be employed. 
     DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE SYMBOLS 
     
         
         
           
               9 ,  201  . . . Substrate plate 
               9   a ,  201   a  . . . Bottom surface (one surface) 
               9   b ,  201   b  . . . Top surface (other surface) 
               10  . . . First circulating flow path (circulating flow path) 
               10   a ,  10   b ,  10   c ,  10   d ,  10   e ,  50   a ,  50   b  . . . Solution introduction inlet (penetration portion) 
               19 A,  119 A . . . Reservoir layer 
               19 B,  119 B . . . Reaction layer 
               29 A,  29 B,  29 C . . . Reservoir 
               39 A,  39 B,  39 C . . . Penetration portion (penetration flow path) 
               40 ,  42  . . . Capturing portion 
               50  . . . Second circulating flow path (circulating flow path) 
               100 A,  200  . . . Fluidic device 
               212 R,  213 R,  214 R,  215 R,  222 R,  224 R,  225 R . . . Reservoir 
             S . . . Solution