Patent Publication Number: US-3878165-A

Title: Polyolefin plastic compositions containing bis-aryloxy flame retardants

Description:
United States Patent [191 Anderson 1*Apr. 15, 1975 1 1 POLYOLEFIN PLASTIC COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING BIS-ARYLOXY FLAME RETARDANTS [75] Inventor: Arnold L. Anderson, Alma, Mich.  
 [73] Assignee: Michigan Chemical Corporation, St.  
 Louis, Mich.  
 [ Notice: The portion of the term of this patent subsequent to Aug. 20, 1991, has been disclaimed.  
 [22] Filed: Feb. 8, 1973 [21] Appl. No.: 330,825  
 Related US. Application Data [63] Continuation-impart of Ser. No. 260,240, June 6,  
 1972, abandoned.  
  52 U.S.Cl 260/45.9 R; 260/4575 R; 260/4595 o [51] Int. Cl C08g 51/60 [58] Field of Search.... 260/459 R, 45.95 G, 613 B, 260/332 R, 2.5 A], DIG. 24; 106/15 PF [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,385,819 5/1968 Gouinlock 260/4595 G 3,560,441 2/1971 Schwarcy et a1 260/457 R 3,658,634 4/1972 Yanagi et a1 161/403 3,717,609 2/1973 Kutner 260/4595 G Primary Examiner-M. J. Welsh Attorney, Agent, or Firm-James J. Mullen; Robert M. Phipps; Robert S. Frieman [57] ABSTRACT Plastic compositions containing polyolefins and bisaryloxy compounds having the formula 0 (a1kylene)- 0 (aryl) wherein aryl is from the group Z and I 18 Claims, No Drawings POLYOLEFIN PLASTIC COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING BlS-ARYLOXY FLAME RETARDANTS This application is a continuation-in-part of copending application Ser. No. 260,240, filed June 6, 1972 and now abandoned. The entire specification of this case. Ser. No. 260.240, is to be considered as incorporated herein by reference.  
  The prior art considered in conjunction with the preparation of this application is as follows: U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,130,990; 2,186,367; 2.329.033: 3,666,692: 3,686,320; 3.658.634: German Pat. No. l,l39.636: German Pat. No. 2,054,522; Japanese Pat. No. (72) 14,500 as cited in Volume 77, Chemical Abstracts, column 153.737]; (1972); Chemical Abstracts, Volume 13, column 448&#39;; Chemical Abstracts, Volume 3l, column 7,045; and Journal of the Chemical Society, pages 2972-2976 (I963). All of these publications are to be considered as incorporated herein by reference.  
  The present invention relates to plastic compositions containing polyolefins (including, without limitation, polyethylene and polypropylene). More specifically, the present invention covers plastic compositions containing polyolefins and certain bis-aryloxy compounds (hereinafter defined) as flame retardants for said plastic compositions.  
  Polyolefins and utility thereof are known in the art as exemplified by Pnlyolefin Plastics, T.O.J. Kresser,(Van Nostrand Reinhold Plastics Applications Series), Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, 1969 and Modern Plaslic&#39;x Enc &#39;t&#39;lo u&#39;clia l972-l973, Vol. 49: No. A, October, 1972, pages 78. 83, 85, 86. 89-92, 97 and 158-160 and which publications are in toto incorporated herein by reference.  
  The need for flame retarding polyolefins has also been recognized in the art as exemplified by US. Pat. Nos. 3,133,038. 3.347.822 and 3,422,048 and which publications are in toto incorporated herein by reference.  
  The resultant disadvantages in the utilization of various prior art materials as flame retardants for polyolefins include, without limitation. factors such as thermal migration, heat instability, light instability. nonbiodegradable, toxicity, discoloration and the large amounts employed in order to be effective. Thus. there is always a demand for a material which will function as a flame retardant in polyolefins and concurrently will not, by incorporation therein, adversely effect the chemical and/or physical and/or mechanical properties of the resultant polyolefin plastic composition.  
  The prior art problem of providing a flame retarded polyolefin composition having desired chemical. physical and mechanical properties has now been substantially solved by the present invention and the abovedescribed disadvantages substantially overcome.  
  Accordingly, one of the main objects of the present invention is to provide polyolefin plastic compositions which are flame retarded.  
  Another object of the present invention is to provide a material for polyolefin plastic compositions which will not substantially adversely effect the chemical and- /or physical and/or mechanical properties of said compositions.  
  A further object of the present invention is to provide a flame retardant which is economic and easy to incorporate into polyolefin plastics without being degraded or decomposed as a result of blending or processing operations.  
  It has been found that the foregoing objects can be obtained by the incorporation of a new class of bisaryloxy compounds in polyolefins to subsequently provide flame retarded compositions which exhibit outstanding chemical, physical and mechanical properties.  
  The bis-aryloxy compounds used in the present invention compositions have the formula:  
 0- (a1ky1ene)0--- (aryl) in Formula I above, aryl is from the group and Z is bromine or chlorine; m and m are integers each independently having a value of 1-7; i and i are integers each independently having a value of 0-2; alkylene is a straight or branched chain alkylene group having from one to six carbon atoms e.g. CH C H,, C;,H,,, C,H,,, C -,H C H and CH CH(CH -,)CH A is from the group cyano (CN), nitro (NO. lower alkoxy (e.g. OCH;,. OCH,-,), lower alkyl e.g. CH C H C H (1H fluorine, dialkylamino e.g. N(CH,,) N(C- ,H,-,) phenyl (C H halo-phenyl. benzyl (CH- C H and halo-benzyl; and v is an integer having a value of 1-5.  
  In Formula I. the sum ofi+ m or i m is not greater than 7 and i y is not greater than 5.  
  It is to be understood that all of the compounds fall ing within the above Formula I and as heretofore defined are generically described herein as bis-aryloxy&#34; compounds.  
  Illustrative (but without limitation) of some of the present invention bis-aryloxy compounds are shown below:  
  0-(a1ky1ene) 0- (aryl) i alkylene C om pound Table l where aryl i alkylene the exemplary definitions of Z, alkylene. aryl. m, In. i, i and y are listed in Table l.  
 2 g I. a &#34;1 &#34;m t. 2 H wwnkh fl fmwh HH BHh H H 0 rot a CC HtuHH2HU H ZHIUH HH HHCHHMWHIHC. W m m t m m e 0 m I; t H D 0H 0 I00 u.hh D .ID a t m m at m a m m m s n m NG HmHO HH(HHH(HCHHCHH(HCHHH( P 0 cm H mm c H H K wmmwfiwmmfiwwwwmwmfiwwwmmfl e M w e w .k m a w. t I mm t m h e m a a M M m m HI mHIHHHHHMHHHHHHmHHHmHHHHHHH HHHHH s a n m r e CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(CCC(CCCCCCC(CCCCC( ad a n m m m nil a 0 0002 000 l l l l l l l l l l l 00 0002 u wfl m m H 0 I e O O n i 6 a e e n O PO 3 n C .l r..l I. 000 l l l l I l l l l l l 0( 0(02 mh C h U n v p d e 0 t 0 e s h n c C h y D. S e e W a 2 PK 6- a r v, a 0 m ri T h g I. 1.31. Xn X cm n w&#34;. m m fi e w. .H I m H Wm P t m .m a a &#34;m I NoCmH t tHH M W m mlmo h oe C C CNO C NCCCC C C a ld .m F F F F b m m m a m Mm Wu 1 r e 3357.2232232221.335333243 m a m a. w md a m S I M M m a 8 36737343 73522232232227.335433243 L a h em S U a a .I. c a m c W w I l I l r rr-lr mCmmmmmm mmmmmmwCmmmmmcmm mCmmBmBBBB n o m w mm s e t q t g a e a 0 0 e n e n n I p a e mmwwflflnn mfimwnwammmmfiwmmwwwm www%wwwm .m c a e eh .I ll u t r r 0 ID a U V S a a C S w. u w. M a u a. z m. M. 2 2m H mm H u.HMHH H :MMH HH MMGMHMMMG HUI U hh nh hh il it m m H C Km @hm C HHHCHH(HHH(HCHHCHH(HCHHH( H H m mmm wflmwmfiwmwmmwmflmmwmw I 6 I. I I I I .I. I I I I I u I I WWI. HHHMMM IM I I w HHH H JHHHHHHWHHH HHHHHHH HHHHH CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CCCCCCCCtCCC(CCCCCCC(CCCCC( 000 00 0002 000 l l l l l l l l l l l 00 0002 000 l l l l l l l l l l l l 00 0002 000 00 0002 m \W u-HH -I; an F in] u-HHtu- &#34;A I H. H .m H be c a. M. &#34;H NQCCH w t tH HH IC NomCH .m t tHH I I M CNOOC NCCCCC C CO CN 0C NCCCCC C C F F F F F F tone, and methyl iso-butyl ketone), alcohols (e.g. 55 methanol, ethanol, iso-propyl alcohol, butyl alcohol and glycols), or aqueous solvents (e.g. water. a mixture of water and alcohol and a mixture of water and ketone) can be employed. The desired end product, i.e., the bis-aryloxy compound, can be recovered from the 60 reaction mass via various methods such as distillation or crystallization after cooling the reaction mass to about 1030 C and adding water thereto. Where the end product requires recovery via crystallization, various aromatic solvents such as benzene. toluene, xylene. dichlorobenzene and the like can be used.  
 where aryl (a1kylene) 0 Specifically, the bis-naphthoxy compounds are prepared according to the following reactions:  
 OH X(a1kylene)X9 (In) (115 ED Specifically, the unsymmetrial aryloxy compounds are prepared, for example, according to the following reactions:  
  m @igoa which will effectively render the polyolefin containing composition flame retardant. In general, the amount ZHX  ONa aOH w used is from about 1% to by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. Preferably, the amount employed is from about 5% to about 20% by weight. It is to be understood that any amount can be used as long as it does not substantially adversely effect the chemical and/or physical and/or mechanical properties of the end polymer composition. The amount utilized, however, is such amount which achieves the objectives described herein.  
 + base (e.g. HOH  
  A A I (1b (1v) 1 Zm A1 0 ONa ((a1ky1ene) -0 Z A- J l V (Iv) i&#39; m O (alkylene) 0- Z In the above reaction, X is halogen, preferably chlo- It is to be understood that the term polyolefins as rine, and alkylene is the same as defined herein. 50 used herein means butylene polymers. ethylene poly- The above reactions are conducted at temperatures ranging from the freezing point of the initial reaction mass to the boiling point thereof. Preferably the temperatures are from about 40 C to about 200 C and more preferably from about C to about 175 C. It is to be understood that the reaction can be conducted under sub-atmospheric (e.g. l/l0-8/l0 atmospheres), atmospheric or super-atmospheric (e.g. l.5l() atmospheres) pressure. Preferably, the reaction is carried out at atmospheric pressure.  
  The above-described processes can be carried out with conventional, readily available chemical processing equipment. For example, a conventional glass-lined vessel provided with heat transfer means, a reflux condenser and a mechanical stirrer can be advantageously utilized in practicing any of the preferred embodiments of the invention described in the examples set forth herein.  
  The amount of bis-aryloxy compound employed in the present invention compositions is any quantity mers (such as low and high density polyethylene), olefin polymers, and propylene polymers (such as polypropylene), including crosslinked, filled and/or reinforced versions of the same.  
  Butylene polymers include, without limitation, those derived from the monomers l-butene (H- C=CHCH. ,CH 2-butene (CH CH=CH iso butylene (CH C=CH- 3-methyI-l-butene (H C=CHCH(CH cyclobutene (HC=CHCH CH.  
  Ethylene polymers include, without limitation. polymers of the formula (CH CH with various degrees of wide branches and including polyethylene (high and low density), crosslinked polyethylene. wax blends. ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and blends, ethylene-alkyl acrylate copolymers and blends. carboxylcontaining ethylene copolymers; ionomers, and other derivatives of polyethylene.  
  Olefin polymers are those polymers derived from higher olefins such as C,-,C  
 and  
  Propylene polymers include. without limitation. the crystalline homopolymers of propylene including oxidized. chemically modified. and graft modified propylene polymers and polypropylene.  
  Thus the polyolefins used in the present invention compositions is any polyolefin herein defined and which one so desires to flame retard. It is to be understood that the polyolefins used can be a virgin&#34; material. i.e. substantially free of additives such as stabilizcrs. plasticizers. dyes. pigments, fillers. and the like. or  
 the polyolefins can have additives (such as those mentioned and described herein) already contained therein or added concurrently with or after the addition of the bis-aryloxy compounds.  
  Another facet of the present invention relates to the use of certain metal compounds with the bis-aryloxy compounds to promote a cooperative effect therebetween and thus enhance the flame retardancy of the resultant plastic composition as compared to the flame retardancy of either one component used separately. These enhancing agents are from the group antimony. arsenic. bismuth. tin and zinc-containing compounds. Without limitation. examples of said enhancing agents include Sb O SbCl SbBr Sbl SbOCl. AS203, AS203, ZIIBO4. B&#39;nlB-zO -H-3O, 2.ZnO.3B203.3.5- H and stannous oxide hydrate. The preferred enhancing agent is antimony trioxide.  
  The amount of enhancing agent employed in the present invention compositions is any amount which when used with said bis-aryloxy compounds will promote a cooperative effect therebetween. In general. the amount employed is from about 1% to about preferably from about 2% to about 10%. by weight. based on the total weight of plastic composition. Higher amounts can be used as long as the desired end result is achieved.  
  It is also within the scope of the present invention to employ other materials in the present invention compositions where one so desires to achieve a particular end result. Such materials include. without limitation, adhesion promotors; antioxidants; antistatic agents: antimicrobials; colorants; flame retardants such as those listed on pages 456-458, Modern Plastics Encyclopedia. ibid. (in addition to the new class of flame retardants described herein); heat stabilizers; light stabilizers; pigments; plasticizers; preservatives; ultraviolet stabilizers and fillers.  
  In this latter category, i.e.. fillers. there can be mentioned without limitation. materials such as glass; carbon; cellulosic fillers (wood flour. cork and shell flour); calcium carbonate (chalk. limestone. and precipitated calcium carbonate); metal flakes; metallic oxides (aluminum. beryllium oxide and magnesia); metallic powders (aluminum. bronze. lead. stainless steel and zinc); polymers (comminuted polymers and elastomer-plastic blends); silica products (diatomaceous earth, novaculite. quartz. sand. tripoli, fumed colloidal silica. silica aerogel. wet process silica): silicates (asbestos, kaolimite. mica. nepheline syenite. talc. wollastonite. aluminum silicate and calcium silicate); and inorganic compounds such as barium ferrite. barium sulfate. molybdenum disulfide and silicon carbide.  
  The above mentioned materials. including fillers. are more fully described in Modern Plastics Encyclopedia. ibid. and which publication is incorporated herein (in toto) by reference.  
  The amount of the above described materials employed in the present invention compositions can be any quantity which will not substantially adversely effect the desired results derived from the present invention compositions. Thus, the amount used can be zero (0) percent, based on the total weight of the composition. up to that percent at which the composition can still be classified as a plastic. In general. such amount will be from about O7: to about 75% and specifically from about 1% to about 50%.  
  The bis-aryloxy compounds can be incorporated in to the polyolefins at any processing stage in order to prepare the present invention compositions. In general, this is undertaken prior to fabrication either by physical blending or during the process of forming polyolefins per se. Where one so desires, the bis-aryloxy compounds may be micronized into finely divided particles prior to incorporation into the polyolefins.  
 EXAMPLE I A polypropylene plastic material, (Hercules 6523 grade of Pro-fax polypropylene) is utilized as the base resin in order to prepare 26 formulations (plastic compositions). With the exception of formulation No. l. the particular bis-aryloxy compound (and the antimony trioxide enhancing agent where indicated) is incorporated into the plastic by adding both to a Brabender mixer (Plastic-Corder. Torque Rheometer. Model PLV-lSO. C. W. Brabender Instruments Inc.. South Hackensack. N..l.). The mixer is equipped with a pair of roller type blades positioned within a head provided with heat transfer means.  
  The resultant mixture is heated to about 245 C.; at this temperature, it is in a molten state. The percentages by weight of each component utilized in the respective formulations are listed in Table I]. Each formulation is discharged from the mixer and upon cooling solidifies and is ground into chips. The chips are subjected to compression molding in a Wabash press by placing said chips between two platens, the bottom of which contains four equal size depressions 3 inches by 5 inches by one-eighth inch deep. The top platen is then placed over the bottom platen and heat transfer means supplied thereto in order to melt said chips and thus provide solid samples (after cooling) for testing.  
  Portions of the solid samples of each respective formulation (Nos. 1-26) prepared according to the above described procedure are then subjected to two different standard flammability tests, i.e. UL 94 and ASTM D-2863-70. The UL 94 is. in general. the application of a burner to a test specimen (strip) for a certain period of time and observation of combustion. burning. andextinguishment. This procedure is fully set forth in Underwriters Laboratories bulletin entitled UL 94. Standard for Safety. First Edition. September 1972 and which is incorporated herein by reference. ASTM No. D-2863- is a flammability test which correlates the flammability of a plastic specimen to the available oxygen in its immediate environment; this correlation is stated as an Oxygen Index. 0.1., level predicated upon the percent oxygen in the gaseous medium which is required to just provide a steady state of continuous burning of the plastic specimen. This ASTM method is fully described in 1971 Annual Book of ASTM Standards Part 27. published by the American Society For Testing and Materials. 1916 Race Street. Philadelphia. Pa.; this publication is to be consider as incorporated (in toto) herein by reference.  
 The results of these flammability tests are shown in,  
 Table ll.  
 TABLE I1 FLAMMABILITY DATE FOR POLYPROPYLENE PLASTIC COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING BlS-ARYLOXY COMPOUNDS FORML&#39;LA- BIS-PHENOXY COM&#39; ENHANCING OXGYEN L&#39;I. 94  
 TION POL&#39;ND AGENT INDEX NO. NO. I? Sh O &#39;1&#39; 9 l. 0 18.0 Burns 2. 2 20 0 19.5 SB 3. 2 20 10 27.0 SE-2 4. 5 20 0 19.0 SB 5. 5 20 25.5 SB 6. I5 0 18.5 SB 7. I5 20 10 24.5 SB 8. 27 20 0 19.5 SB 9. 27 20 10 26.5 SB 10. 33 20 0 19.0 SB 11. 33 20 10 25.0 SB 12. -10 20 0 19.0 SB 13. 40 20 10 24.5 SB 14. 53 20 0 19.0 SB 15. 53 20 10 25.5 SB 16. 58 20 0 18.5 SB 17. 58 20 10 24.5 SB IX. 65 20 0 19.5 SB 19. 65 20 10 25.0 SB 20. 73 20 0 20.0 SB 21. 73 20 10 25.5 SB 22. 77 20 0 19.5 SB 23. 77 20 10 26.0 SB 24. 83 20 0 18.5 SB 25. 83 20 10 25.5 SB 26. 91 20 10 26.0 SB  
  Referring to Table 11. the bis-arloxy compound number relates to the structural formulae heretofor set forth in Table I; a difference of 2% in the Oxygen Index values is considered significant; and the UL 94 values are on a graduated scale wherein the highest degree to lowest degree of flame retardancy is respectively SE-O, SE-l, SE-2. SB and Burns.  
  The results shown in Table [1 demonstrate the unique effectiveness of these bis-aryloxy compounds as flame retardants for polypropylene. Specifically. formulation No. l (the control) had a 0.1. of 18.0 and UL 94 value of Burns. 1n Nos. 2. 4. 6. 8. l0. l2. l4. 16, 18,20. 22 and 24. the use of the particular bis-aryloxy compound results in a significant increase (0.52.()%) in fire retardancy as measured by 0.1. (While these formulations had a SB rating. UL 94. the individual U.L. rating has a wide range of values and thus the 0.1. number is. in this case. more indicative of increased flame retardancy).  
  The use of an enhancing agent such as Sb O to promote a cooperative effect between such agent and the bis-aryloxy compound is fully demonstrated via the results obtained from testing formulation Nos. 3. 5. 7, 9, 11.13. 15, 17.19.21. 23, and 26. The highest UL 94 ratings and significantly higher CI values (6.5-9.0% increase) are obtained.  
 EXAMPLE 11 Example 1 is repeated twice; once using a 10% bisaryloxy compound level and 3% Sb O level and secondly. 15% and 5% levels respectively. At both levels. the 0.1. values and UL 94 ratings are slightly lower than the 20%/l0% levels of Example 1.  
 EXAMPLE III Portions of the solid samples of Formulation Nos. l-26 prepared according to the above described procedure of Example 1 are subjected to the following ASTM tests in order to ascertain other properties of the resultant plastic composition:  
 LII  
 LII  
 : ASTM Test No. D638-61T:  
 : ASTM Test No. D790-63:  
 : ASTM Test No. D790-63:  
 : ASTM Test No. D256-56: and  
 : ASTM Test No. D648-56.  
  Each of the aforementioned ASTM Tests are standard tests in the art and are utilized collectively in order to ascertain the efficacy ofa polymeric system as an overall flame retarded composition for commercial application. All of these ASTM Tests are to be considered as incorporated herein by reference.  
  The results of these ASTM tests show that the physical &#39;properties of the present invention compositions are basically the same (except 0.1. and UL 94 values) as the plastic material without the flame retardant (i.e.. formulation No. 1). Thus, there is no substantial adverse effect on the physical properties of the plastic material when the novel compounds are incorporated therein.  
 EXAMPLE IV The procedure of Examples 1 and 111 are repeated except that the enhancing agent used is zinc borate instead of Sb O Substantially the same results are obtained using zinc borate as those obtained using Sb O EXAMPLE V Strip samples of each of Formulation Nos. 1 through 26 Table 11, are subjected to light stability tests via the use ofa Weather-Ometer. model 25/18 W. R.. Atlas Electrical Devices Company. Chicago. Illinois. Utilizing an operating temperature of F and a 50% relative humidity, each strip is subjected to 200 hours of simulated daylight&#34; via the use of a carbon arc. The results show that after 200 hours, there is no significant discoloration in any strip tested and which demonstrates that the present invention compositions are highly resistant to deterioration by light.  
 EXAMPLE Vl Samples of each of Formulation Nos. 1 (control) through 26 Table ll are subjected to temperature (thermal) stability tests via the use of thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). This test employed the use ofa Thermal Balance. model TGS-l, Perkin-Elmer Corporation. Norwalk. Connecticut and an electrical balance, Cahn 2580 model. Cahn Instrument Company. Paramount. California. The results of these tests show that the bis-aryloxy compound containing Formulations had more than adequate stability for melt processing and subsequent heat aging (i.c.. high temperature applications) and thus demonstrating that the particular bisaryloxy compounds are quite compatible with the polypropylene material. The bis-aryloxy compound stability thus aids in providing sufficient flame retardancy at the polypropylene decomposition temperature. This test also demonstrates that the bis-aryloxy compounds do not exhibit migration.  
 EXAMPLE Vll Examples l Vl are repeated again utilizing a low density polyethylene plastic material as the base resin instead of the polypropylene material. The results obtained from the repeat of these examples show that the bis-aryloxy compounds are effective in providing flame retarded polyethylene composition which has commercial application.  
 EXAMPLE Vlll Examples l VI are repeated again utilizing a high density polyethylene plastic material as the base resin instead of the polypropylene material. The results obtained from the repeat of these examples show that the bis-aryloxy compounds are effective in providing flame retarded polyethylene composition which has commercial application.  
  In view of the foregoing Examples and remarks, it is seen that the plastic compositions. which incorporate these compounds, possess characteristics which have been unobtainable in the prior art. Thus. the use of these compounds in the above described plastic material as flamc retardants therefor is quite unique since it is not possible to predict the effectiveness andfunctionality of any particular material in any polymer system until it is actively undergone incorporation therein and the resultant plastic composition tested according to various ASTM Standards. Furthermore, it is necessary, in order to have commercial utility, that the resultant flame retarded plastic composition possess characteristics such as being non-toxic. Use of these compounds in the plastic material has accomplished all of these objcctives.  
  The above examples have been described in the foregoing specification for the purpose of illustration and not limitation. Many other modifications and ramifications will naturally suggest themselves to those skilled in the art based on this disclosure. These are intended to be comprehended as within the scope of this invention.  
 What is claimed is:  
  l. A plastic composition containing polyolefin having incorporated therein a flame retardant which is a bisaryloxy compound having the formula:  
 l x O(a1ky1ene)&#39; 0 ry wherein aryl is from the group i- Z l and Z is selected from the group consisting of bromine or chlorine; m and m are integers having a value of l-7; y is an integer having a value of l-5; iand i are integers having a value of 0-2; A is selected from the group consisting of cyano, nitro, lower alkoxy, lower alkyl, fluorine, dialkylamino. phenyl, halophenyl, benzyl or halobenzyl; and alkylene is a straight or branched chain alkylene group having from one to six carbon atoms.  
  2. The composition as set forth in claim 1 wherein alkylene is C H 3. The composition as set forth in claim 1 wherein alkylene is C l-l 4. The composition as set forth in claim 1 wherein alv kylene is C H 5. The composition as set forth in claim 2 wherein Z is bromine.  
  6. The composition as set forth in claim 2 wherein Z is chlorine.  
  7. A plastic composition containing polyolefln having incorporated therein a flame retardant which is a bis- Z is selected from the group consisting of bromine or chlorine; m is an integer having a value of 1-7; is an integer having a value of l-5; i and i are integers having a value of 0-2; A is selected from the group consisting of cyano. nitro. lower alkoxy, lower alkyl, fluorine, dialkylamino, phenyl. halo-phenyl. benzyl or halobenzyl; and alkylene is a straight or branched chain alkylene group having from one to six carbon atoms.  
  8. The composition as set forth in claim 7 wherein alkylene is C H 9. The composition as set forth in claim 7 wherein alkylene is C3H5.  
 10. The composition as set forth in claim 7 wherein 5 alkylene is C,H,..  
 11. The composition as set forth in claim 8 wherein Z is bromine. six carbon atoms.  
  12. The composition as set forth in claim 8 wherein 14. The composition as set forth in claim 13 wherein Z is chlorine. alkylene is C H 13. A plastic composition containing polyolefin hav- 15. The composition as set forth in claim 13 wherein ing incorporated therein a flame retardant which is a 5 lk lene is C H bls&#39;aryloxy Compound having the formula: 16. The composition as set forth in claim 13 wherein 0 (alkylene) c Z is selected from the group consisting of bromine or alkylene is C H chlorin n n are in egers h ing a value f 17. The composition as set forth in claim 14 wherein iand 1&#34; are integers having a value of 0-2; A is selected Z is bmmine from the group consisting of cyano, nitro. lower alkoxy, The composition as Set forth in claim 14 wherein lower alkyl, fluorine, dialkylamino. phenyl, halo- 2 is Chlorine phenyl, benzyl or halo-benzyl; and alkylene is a straight or branched chain alkylene group having from one to