Patent Publication Number: US-11643624-B2

Title: Oak alternative with internally built in connectors and modified bung to oak wine, beer, spirits, and other liquids

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/569,845 filed on Sep. 13, 2019 entitled Oak Alternative with Internally Built In Connectors and Modified Bung to Oak Wine, Beer, Spirits, and Other Liquids, which in turn claims the priority benefit of provisional patent application Ser. No. 62/733,470 entitled “Oak Alternative with Internally Built In Connectors and Modified Bung to Oak Wine, Beer, Spirits, and other Liquids”, filed on Sep. 19, 2018, the entire disclosures of which are hereby expressly incorporated by reference herein. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Field of the Invention 
     The invention relates generally to an oak alternative with internally built in connectors and modified bung to oak wine, beer, spirits, and other liquids. 
     Description of Related Art 
     Currently there are a number of solutions for adding oak characteristics like aromas and flavors to liquids such as wine for example. Some of these solutions attempt to add oak flavors and aromas to liquids, but these solutions fail to meet the needs of the industry because these solutions do not provide a direct or efficient way to connect their pieces together, and they do not provide a way to secure their pieces to the container without the need for extra external pieces or materials. These extra pieces are not part of the devices and are required in order for these solutions to be secured to each other and to the container. 
     The other oak alternative solutions can also be dropped into the container but this is inefficient because recovery of the pieces can be time consuming, cause loss of liquid, and exposure to oxidation due to racking. This makes the other solutions cumbersome to use, wasteful, require extra pieces which cost extra money and may need to be sanitized prior to use, can be time consuming to use, force users to damage equipment by screwing hooks on the bungs to secure the mesh bags or strings, can be used only at certain stages of fermentation, and as mentioned earlier can have the potential to increase the risk of unnecessary oxidation and loss of liquid by racking to recover the oak pieces from the liquid. Racking is a term in winemaking where it is the process of siphoning wine, or beer, off of lees and other sediment from fermentation into another container. 
     Some examples of extra required pieces are connectors, mesh bags, string, rope, hooks, or other means such as tubes to maintain good control of the device or contain the oak material. Some devices require these connectors to be screwed into the bungs which can cause damage to the equipment. Other devices do not provide a convenient means to attach to containers and other pieces, or the devices lack a component to attach or handle the device once inside the container. Some devices, if having no means to attach to the container, are just dropped inside the container and are cumbersome to recover and can only be recovered by racking off the wine. Some devices only provide one function. The recovery time to separate the other oak alternative solutions can be high; and some devices can be used only once and then discarded. 
     Other solutions attempt to insert multiple pieces of oak into the container, but these solutions are similarly unable to meet the needs of the industry because they are too costly, complicated, inefficient, cause too much of a mess and cleaning, inconvenient to small scale producers as well as large scale producers, and require extra pieces or materials to secure the pieces to each other and to the container. 
     It would be desirable to have a device with pieces that can connect together and can be secured to the container without the need for extra materials that are not part of the device. A device that is designed to be ready to use once it is taken out of the packaging. Also, a device that can be toasted at various degrees of heat to add oak aroma and flavor characteristics to beverages such as wine in an efficient, fast, clean, and convenient manner, and able to be used immediately with little preparation time. It would also be desirable for a device to have internally built components to attach to one another that would eliminate the need for extra materials to attach or secure the invention to another corresponding piece or to the container. 
     Furthermore, it would also be desirable to have a device that is sanitary and doesn&#39;t require further sanitation of other equipment for the device to be used, and isn&#39;t complicated or time consuming to use. Still further, it would be desirable to have a device that is capable of performing multiple tasks and can benefit the winemaker or brewer without taking up too much time while effectively adding oak characteristics to the liquid. 
     Therefore, there currently exists a need in the industry for an oak alternative that can be conveniently and efficiently connected to each other by internally built connectors and secured to the container through a modified bung, while still delivering a high quality end product and being sanitary, effective, quick and easy to manipulate, cut down on excessive racking, can be added at any stage of fermentation, ready to be used immediately, easily recoverable, and provides an efficient means to add oak complexity to beverages such as wine, spirits, and beer. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Disclosed is an oak alternative which is made up of the following components: toasted oak pieces that can vary in length that are in contact with the liquid equipped with internally built connectors that are made by traditional and unconventional joinery techniques, an accompanied modified bung that provides an airtight seal while securing the oak pieces to the container, a modified bung that has a pathway for gases to escape, a modified bung that can accommodate an airlock or stopper, and a modified bung that has internally built connectors that attach to the oak pieces inside the container. 
     Joinery is a term that is part of wood working that involves joining two pieces of wood together. This can be accomplished in several ways ranging from simple to complex. An example of a simple type of joinery would be a dovetail joint, and an example of complex methods would be the unique Japanese methods of joinery. Other examples of joinery but not limited to these are doweled butt joints, dado joints, dovetail as just mentioned, miter with wood spline, lap joints, mortise and tenon, tongue and groove, rabbet joints, half-lap, biscuit joints, and finger joints. Again this list is not the complete list of joinery techniques. Japanese methods of joinery are complex and numerous techniques exist with this type of joinery technique which can be applied to the oak alternative. It is also worth noting that these techniques can be combined and further modified if desired to include the use of a dowel. The dowel can also be threaded, made into various geometries, and further modified as well. Applicant uses joinery in an oak alternative to provide a solution, a means to connect the oak pieces together by having internally built connectors and even models of this oak alternative that could involve pieces such as wedges. Regardless of what type of joinery technique is used, it provides a means for the parts to connect to each other, a means to be secured to the container, and have the oak alternative ready to be used once it is taken out of the package without any assistance or the need for extra materials that are not essentially part of the oak alternative. 
     The conventional and unconventional joinery cuts create internally built in connectors so the device can be quickly and easily assembled for immediate use right out of the packaging without the need for external parts or pieces. The oak pieces can be connected to other oak pieces as well as the modified bung through these traditional and creative joinery techniques. 
     In one embodiment, these components are connected as follows: the modified bung has a vertically centered opening that allows the fitting of an airlock or stopper, and another vertical opening in an oak piece to a length that meets apertures that are perpendicular at a distance lower on the modified bung to the vertical opening, creating a pathway for gases inside a container to escape. Multiple apertures can be provided perpendicular to the vertical opening to increase the number of pathways for gases to escape and relieve pressure inside the container. 
     The modified bung and oak pieces are connected through internally built connectors that may be made by a variety of joinery techniques that will allow a quick connect and disconnect function to another oak piece and to the modified bung. This will eliminate the need for mesh bags, strings, screws, connectors, or other devices to contain oak pieces. The oak pieces in contact with the liquid can have simple and complex patterns engraved on them to increase the surface area of liquid in contact with oak. The internally built connectors can be joinery cuts such as dovetails, or more complex methods such as threading the oak pieces to replicate a nut and bolt connection method. The single and multiple piece models have the same components except the built in connectors not being needed in the single piece model. 
     The device may also have one or more of the following: (1) an option to be made as a single piece model or model consisting of multiple pieces that connect with internally built in connectors; (2) the ability to be toasted at a variety of temperatures and time to add greater complexity; (3) the modified bung&#39;s internally built in connector point can act as an anchor point where strings, ropes, and mesh bags are tied to without damaging the bung; (4) the modified bung part of the device can be made from oak that can be toasted or food grade material allowing it to be reused; (5) the oak pieces in contact with the liquid can be laser engraved or manufactured on a CNC lathe to have a variety of patterns and shapes to meet the needs of the user; (6) a modified bung that can attach an airlock during fermentation or a corker or other stopper device if an airlock is not desirable or needing to be used; (7) the device can be customized to fit various size containers such as, but not limited to, 1 gallon carboys, 3 gallon carboys, 5 gallon carboys, wine barrels of various sizes, and many other container types, such as demijohns; (8) the oak pieces in contact with the liquid have internally built in connectors that can be linked to another piece by traditional and other creative or unconventional techniques. For example, dovetails can be used for traditional joinery and examples of creative approaches would be adding threads to the oak pieces to screw the pieces together, or mortise and tenon joints with wedges; (9) for larger containers such as barrels and demijohns, the pieces can be scaled to fit the larger diameter of the container&#39;s opening and larger diameter oak pieces can be constructed; (10) for barrels, oak pieces can be joined together through joinery angled at 90 degrees, or other degrees, to form a spiral and can be screwed into the barrel; (11) through creative joinery multiple oak pieces can be connected to increase the amount of oak in contact with the wine inside the carboy, for example but not limited to, a screw-type method; (12) messages, symbols, patterns, logos, and other images can be laser engraved onto the device to make it more unique and customized for the user or have these patterns done on a CNC lathe or laser engraver; (13) the modified bung piece of the device can be dipped in a food grade material such as wax for example or other food safe material; (14) an end cap can be made to fit onto the final piece; (15) the oak pieces in contact with the liquid can come in various geometries such as a rectangle, cylinder, hexagonal prism, and various other geometries; (16) a modified bung that is made of silicone, cork, or other food grade material that an oak piece can slide into; (17) for barrels, the modified bung can be scaled to fit the diameter of the bunghole and the first corresponding pieces can be modified to attach to the bung through conventional and unconventional joinery techniques; (18) a handle can be made through joinery that can slide on the top of the modified bung with an opening equal or larger in diameter to the opening that fits the airlock or stopper; (19) the modified bung has a matching internally built in connector to the oak pieces; (20) the device can have the option of having no apertures allowing gases to escape and remain as solid pieces; and (21) the modified bung and oak pieces can be modified to have multiple oak pieces connect to the bung in a side-by-side manner and hang into a container (22) the use of joinery, or combination of joinery techniques, can be utilized to permanently fix the pieces together or have a removable connection; (23) the use of joinery, or combination of joinery techniques, can be used to make moveable connections. For example hinged or sliding connections and various other ways on how the components can move; (24) the use of joinery that will allow the pieces to connect at the end of the oak pieces and bung or anywhere located on the oak pieces or bung; (25) joinery techniques can be used in conjunction with dowels, wedges, threaded dowels, and similar devices all of which can be toasted or made of a food grade material; (26) the use of joinery is a term that is used for wood connections, however the device&#39;s bung can be made of food grade material that still utilizes the joinery techniques; (27) the oak pieces and bung can be of different geometries, lengths, width, and dimensions from one another; (28) joinery techniques can be further modified from original use and can be combined with other joinery techniques; (29) the male and female connection on the bung can be a threaded connection to the oak pieces; (30) the moveable connection made by joinery can allow for varying degrees of rotation based on the joinery cut. For example the piece can be restricted to 45 degrees, 90 degrees, or full rotation; (31) intermediary oak pieces can be made of different geometries, lengths, thickness, and design from one another to make rotational, sliding, or other types of moveable connections. For example, an intermediary piece could be a toasted oak piece the shape of a donut, oval shaped, or elongated shape with either one large hole or multiple holes to connect with a dowel or other similar shape or threaded connection; (32) joinery cuts can be cut onto the oak pieces in opposite directions on corresponding ends. For example the joinery cuts on the top and bottom of the oak pieces or bung can be perpendicular to each other; (33) the dowel can have a slit where an angled wedge can be inserted to expand the dowel and increase tension; (34) dowels and wedges can be made into various geometries, can be threaded and screwed into wooden pieces and bung; (35) the dowels can replicate the concept of a bolt where it can be threaded or non-threaded with a portion protruding to allow for gripping to insert and remove; (36) the dowels can also have indents to fit a variety of screw driver bits or could be used with a wrench; and (37) the dowels and wedges can be permanently fixed or removable. 
     Applicant&#39;s device has many benefits and advantages when compared with other known devices and solutions because it provides one or more of the following: (1) internally built in connectors made by conventional and unconventional joinery techniques to connect pieces together; (2) a means to conveniently attach to the container easily and quickly by the use of a modified bung; (3) a modified bung that will allow gases from the fermentation process to escape through apertures located horizontally and vertically that provide paths for gases to escape; (4) the modified bung can be manufactured from oak or oak in combination with other food grade materials; (5) the vertically drilled opening on the bung can vary in diameter to allow a variety of airlocks to be attached to the device; (6) a modified bung that creates an air tight seal with the container by having the addition of a food grade O-ring, the use of other material to create an airtight seal, or having a conical shape that with downward pressure creates a seal with a container&#39;s circular entrance; (7) allows for easy removal and insertion in containers by the modified bung which can act as a handle, and through joinery is attached to the oak pieces in contact with the liquid; (8) eliminates the need for extra pieces such as string, rope, mesh bags, hooks, screws, containers, and other equipment by using internally built in connectors through the use of a variety joinery techniques to attach the pieces together rather than relying on the items listed; (9) can be manufactured to a variety of lengths depending on what container is used such as, but not limited to, 3 gallon carboys, 5 gallon carboys, barrels, and containers of other sizes; (10) the option of connecting multiple oak pieces together by joinery techniques can allow the user to customize the length they want the device to be in the container, or how many oak pieces to be inside the container, connecting different toasts together, as well as how much oak will be in contact with the liquid; (11) can be used at all stages of the fermentation process which can eliminate excessive racking, which also limits the chance of unnecessary oxidation from occurring and loss of liquid; (12) easier manipulation of the device so the user can taste the liquid, save time, and increase efficiency of use by easily grabbing the modified bung portion of the device that acts as a handle, and inserting it back into the container or into another container; (13) easy to maintain and store by quick assembly and disassembly, which allows the device to be reused or placed into another container to oak another batch; (14) provides a convenient way to monitor long term storage of the device inside a container by being easy to use and manipulate; (15) all of the device&#39;s components can be toasted to the users desired specification; (16) can be manufactured as a multiple piece model with internally built in connectors or a single unit model; (17) joinery cuts can be made at various angles to maximize the amount of oak inserted into a container; (18) various patterns can be engraved or cut into the device to maximize the amount of surface area of oak in contact with the liquid; (19) the multiple piece model will allow the user to decide how many pieces will be in contact with the liquid giving the user more control of the oak extraction occurring in the liquid; (20) the multiple pieces can come in a variety of geometries such as, but not limited to, rectangles, cylinders, octagons, and hexagons; (21) can allow even greater complexity to the liquid by connecting different varieties of oak at different degrees of toast, for example having a combination of French, American, and Hungarian oak at different toasts that are easily connected together; (22) various joinery techniques and methods can be used to connect the pieces together; (23) the bung and oak pieces can be modified to fit larger diameter container holes such as barrels and demi-johns; (24) creative and non-traditional joinery can allow more complex ways to insert the pieces into a container and connect the pieces; (25) the oak pieces can vary in length; (26) by eliminating the need for extra materials the device can cut down on waste as well as costs of purchasing extra materials; (27) the design of the disclosed device centers the oak pieces in the container allowing for greater extraction; and (28) the silicone bung version can allow for the purchase of replacement kits and the silicone bung may be reused; (29) the joinery techniques can be used alone or in combination with other joinery techniques; (30) the wooden dowels, wedges, threaded dowels, pins, and other methods can be made of oak and toasted to eliminate the need for other food grade materials; (31) by having joinery cuts made directly onto the pieces can allow for moveable connections that are stronger; and (32) the moveable connections made by joinery can be made to be permanently fixed or removable connections that will allow the user to determine the number of oak pieces to be used. 
     The disclosed device is structurally different from other known devices or solutions by having built in connectors and provides more functions than other known devices or solutions. More specifically, the device has the following features: (1) an accompanied modified bung with an internally built in connector that connects and secures the oak pieces to a container via joinery techniques or can be permanently fixed to in the single piece model; (2) the use of joinery techniques as a means of connecting the pieces together by having the connectors internally built into the individual oak pieces and bung. This will allow the user to eliminate the need for extra pieces such as connectors, strings, rope, containers, or other equipment and materials; (3) an accompanying modified bung that can accommodate an airlock or stopper; (4) an accompanying modified bung that creates an air tight seal by its geometric shape, O-ring or other method made from food grade material, or custom silicone bung that an oak piece can be inserted into; (5) oak pieces in contact with the liquid that can attach to the modified bung as well as other oak pieces through creative, conventional, and unconventional joinery techniques that create internally built connectors; (6) oak pieces that can be customized to various lengths; (7) the use of a laser engraver or CNC lathe can make angled slits, slits perpendicular to the length of the device, slits vertically cut to the length of the device, and other various patterns and shapes to maximize surface area of oak to liquid; (8) slits cut vertically half way into or all the way through extending the entire length of the device or specified distance; (9) the accompanied modified bung being able to be constructed out of oak or other food safe material; (10) the piece may be centrally located inside a container to allow for greater extraction; and (11) the use of joinery techniques may allow greater manipulation of how the oak pieces can be arranged inside of containers; (12) joinery is made directly onto each piece allowing greater structural integrity; and (13) the joinery made directly onto the pieces is beneficial when dowels or wedges are used and prevents them from sliding off or when a moveable connection is preferred. 
     In addition to the above described aspects, there are various other aspects of Applicant&#39;s apparatus for infusing or aging a liquid in a container, and many variations and variants of each aspect. 
     A first aspect is an apparatus that includes a first elongated wooden piece and a second elongated wooden piece. The first elongated wooden piece has a longitudinal axis, an upper end, a lower end opposite the upper end, a side, and at least one male or female connector made by joinery and adapted to connect to another male or female connector. The second elongated wooden piece has a longitudinal axis, an upper end, a lower end opposite the upper end, a side, and at least one male or female connector made by joinery and adapted to connect to a male or female connector of the first elongated wooden piece. The first elongated wooden piece and the second elongated wooden piece are connected by connecting the at least one male or female connector of the first elongated wooden piece with the at least one male or female connector of the second elongated wooden piece. 
     In a variation of the first aspect above, the at least one male or female connector of at least one of the first or second elongated wooden piece is at the upper end or the lower end opposite the upper end. 
     A second aspect is similar to the apparatus of the first aspect above but also includes an elongated bung. The elongated bung has a top with a first opening, a side with at least one other opening, the first opening being fluidly connected to the at least one other opening by a pathway adapted to transmit a gas from the container through the first opening, a bottom opposite the top, and at least one male or female connector adapted to connect to the male or female connector of the first or second elongated wooden piece. 
     A third aspect is an apparatus that includes an elongated bung and at least one elongated wooden piece. The elongated bung has a top and a bottom opposite the top, the bottom having at least one male or female connector made by joinery. The at least one elongated wooden piece has a longitudinal axis, an upper end, a lower end opposite the upper end, and a side. The upper end has at least one male or female connector made by joinery and adapted to connect to the at least one male or female connector of the bottom of the elongated bung. The elongated bung and the at least one elongated wooden piece are connected by connecting the at least one male or female connector of the bottom of the elongated bung with the at least one male or female connector of the upper end of the at least one elongated wooden piece. 
     In a variation of the apparatus of the second and third aspects above, at least one of the elongated bung, the first elongated wooden piece, and the second elongated wooden piece is removably connected. 
     In another variation of the apparatus of the second and third aspects above, at least a portion of the elongated bung is made of a material selected from a group comprising oak, silicone, cork, another food grade material, or a combination thereof. 
     A fourth aspect is similar to the apparatus of the first and third aspects above but also includes at least one dowel adapted to fit in at least one aperture in at least one of the first and second elongated wooden pieces. There are many variations and variants of the fourth aspect. 
     In one variation of the fourth aspect, the dowel is also adapted to fit in at least one other aperture in the elongated bung, whereby the dowel connects the first elongated wooden piece and the second elongated wooden piece or the elongated bung. There are many variants of this variation. 
     In one variant, a connection of the first elongated wooden piece and the second elongated wooden piece or the elongated bung by the dowel fitting in said apertures forms a hinge system. In a variant of that variant, the hinge system is removable. 
     In another variation of the fourth aspect above, the dowel has a wedge shape or an other geometric shape. 
     In yet another variation of the fourth aspect above, the dowel is threaded and at least one of said apertures is threaded. 
     Applicant will now provide a more detailed and specific description that will refer to the accompanying drawings. The drawings and specific descriptions of the drawings, as well as any specific or alternative embodiments discussed, are intended to be read in conjunction with the entirety of this application. The oak alternative with internally built in connectors and modified bung to oak beverages and spirits may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided by way of illustration only and so that this application will be thorough, complete and fully convey understanding to those skilled in the art. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    is a perspective view of one embodiment of the device that illustrates how the pieces connect together by the internally built in connectors; 
         FIG.  2    is a cross-sectional side view that shows an exemplary embodiment of the bung design that accommodates an airlock and types of joinery by a top to bottom connection; 
         FIG.  3    is a cross-sectional side view that shows another exemplary embodiment of the bung design accommodating a check valve and types of joinery that connects from side to side; 
         FIG.  4    is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a modified bung; 
         FIG.  5    is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of the device illustrating the use of joinery techniques to attach oak pieces at angles and create a screw motion into a container with multiple pieces; 
         FIG.  6    is a perspective view of a side by side connection of oak pieces hanging down from a modified bung for a larger container opening; 
         FIG.  7    is a perspective view of another exemplary embodiment of the device with pieces of varying shapes that slide in and out of the device through joinery; 
         FIG.  8    is a perspective view of another exemplary embodiment of a modified bung with other possible modifications of the device; 
         FIG.  9    is a perspective view of another exemplary embodiment of the device. 
         FIG.  10    is a perspective view of another exemplary embodiment of the device with other possible modifications to connect pieces. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention is directed to an oak alternative with internally built in connectors and modified bung for wine, beer, spirits, and other liquids. Applicant&#39;s oak alternative and the various components described herein and illustrated in the drawings are not limited to oak, and may be made out of other wood varieties, including but not limited to cherry, hickory, hard maple, soft maple, white ash, yellow birch, rosewood, redwood, cedar, beech, apple, pecan, walnut, chestnut, other varieties, and any combinations of such woods with or without other materials. 
     In one embodiment the device has a modified bung  1   a , shown  FIG.  1   , made from oak or other food grade material. However, there are other variations of modified bungs. For example,  FIG.  2    shows a conically shaped modified bung  1   c ,  FIG.  3    shows a square or rectangular top bung  1   b ,  FIG.  4    shows a complex modified bung  1   d ,  FIG.  6    shows a larger scale circular top modified bung  21 , and  FIG.  8    shows a sliding handle bung  1   e.    
     The modified bung  1   a  shown in  FIG.  1    will be referenced the most, since it is in a basic form that can be further modified. On the top of the modified bung  1   a  there is a vertical opening  7  to accommodate an airlock  10 . The vertical opening  7  can be seen in better detail in  FIG.  9   . A food grade O-ring  9  surrounds the modified bung  1   a , and an entry opening  2  connects to the vertical opening  7  through a pathway  8  (not shown) where gases can escape through the airlock  10 . (Pathway  8  in this embodiment is similar to pathway  8  in the embodiment shown in  FIG.  3   .) At the bottom of the modified bung  1   a  an internally built connector  3  is adapted to attach to oak pieces  4 . Oak pieces  4  and  4   a  include internally built connectors  3  at the top and bottom of each piece to allow a connection to other pieces and connection to the modified bung  1   a . Full vertical cuts  5   a  cut completely through the oak pieces  4   a  or varied vertical cuts  5   b  cut a certain distance into the oak pieces  4 , as shown in  FIGS.  1 - 9   . The vertical cuts  5   a  and  5   b  increase the amount of oak surface area in contact with the liquid. 
     The internally built connectors  3  can be made in a variety of ways but consist of male and female connectors so the oak pieces  4  and  4   a  can connect together. For example, in  FIGS.  1 - 9    a dovetail joinery cut is shown where, in joinery terms, the tails would be considered the male end and the pins would be considered the female end to which the tails securely fit into. To further describe the male and female connectors consider a nut and bolt. The bolt is the male end that would screw into the nut which is the female end that receives the bolt. The female end, in general, is considered the receiving end where the male end is the one inserting, like the nut and bolt just mentioned. In the case of joinery, the dovetail cuts include a tail end and pin end. The pins are the receiving end where the tails can slide onto. Two male dovetail cuts can be made on the same piece but it is preferred to have opposite cuts so all the pieces can be uniform and can connect together logically and without needing an intermediate piece. 
     Because the opening of containers, for example carboys and barrels, generally are circular, the oak pieces  4  illustrated in the drawings are cylindrical in appearance. However, persons skilled in the art will recognize that many other shapes may be used. For example, the oak pieces  4  can be further modified if desired to other geometric shapes, as shown by rectangular oak pieces  4   a  in  FIG.  1    and  FIG.  6   , as well as other geometries. The cylindrical shape is the most efficient when it comes to not wasting the oak material during manufacturing. The rectangular oak piece  4   a  shows how the basic cylindrical shape of oak piece  4  can be further modified. Oak piece  4  is referenced as the basic version that can be built off of because the opening of most containers are circular. 
     In a single piece version, the modified bung  1   a  and oak pieces  4  are a single unit. 
     The components are connected as follows. The modified bung  1   a  is manufactured to fit inside an opening of a container that contains a liquid. Such containers may be glass carboys, demijohns, and barrels, usually with a circular opening, but other opening shapes are possible. The top of the modified bung  1   a  can be manufactured in a variety of ways. Examples are a square or rectangular top modified bung  1   b  in  FIG.  3   ; a conically shaped modified bung  1   c  in  FIG.  2   ; a circular top modified bung  21  in  FIG.  6   , and in  FIG.  9    a silicone bung  9   s  that can have oak pieces inserted into it. The silicone bung  9   s  can also be made of cork or other food grade material. 
     The modified bung  1   a  in  FIG.  1    may have a small ring etched around the circumference of it to accommodate a food grade O-ring  9  that will create an air tight seal to the container&#39;s opening. 
     The oak manufactured modified bung or food grade material version can be made to such tolerances that the forces exerted downward can create an air tight seal if a food grade O-ring  9  is not desirable. Below where the modified bung creates the air tight seal to the container&#39;s opening, a laterally drilled hole may be drilled to a length that is equal to the radius or diameter of the modified bung  1   a  creating an entry hole  2 , in a sense half way or the entire diameter of the modified bung  1   a . Drilling a hole that is half the diameter  2   a  of the modified bung  1   a  will create one entry hole  2 , as shown in  FIG.  3   . Drilling a hole the entire diameter  2   b  of the modified bung  1   a  will create two entry holes  2 , as shown in  FIG.  2    as  2   b  and  2 . A second vertical opening  7  may be drilled longitudinal (from the top down) and centered from the top of the modified bung  1   a  to the laterally drilled hole where the entry hole  2  is formed. The initial depth drilled for the vertical opening  7  will allow the airlock  10  and stopper to remain securely upright. 
     In  FIG.  9   , the vertical opening  7  is both in the silicone bung  9   s  as well as the connecting end  3   a  on the modified oak bung  1   m . Below this depth the diameter of the vertical opening  7  can remain the same or be drilled at smaller diameters to the laterally drilled hole creating the entry hole  2 . The laterally drilled hole creating the entry hole  2  can vary in diameters as well but large enough to allow the gases to escape without building up a significant amount of pressure within the container that will cause the airtight seal to be broken. The airlock  10  will prevent any outside gases from entering the container. When fermentation is complete the modified bung  1   a  can allow the user to continue using the airlock  10  or insert a stopper in the vertical opening  7  to let the liquid age inside the container. 
     The bottom of the modified bung  1   a , regardless if made from oak or molded from a food grade material, will have a means to attach to the corresponding oak pieces  4  and  4   a  in contact with the liquid or act as an anchor to attach other solutions to oak beverages, through the internally built connector  3 . The oak version can have a variety of joinery techniques to connect the pieces together. There are too numerous of joinery techniques to describe that cannot be covered entirely but some are illustrated as examples in  FIG.  2    and  FIG.  3   . Some examples of joinery techniques are dovetails, a T-configuration cut, circular and ball cuts, and a cut that resembles two hooks connecting (hooks not shown in figure). Traditional wood joinery techniques are not the only ways to make the internally built connectors  3 . Some complex ways to make the internally built connectors  3  are based off of the mortis and tenon connections where also a wedge is inserted to secure the pieces. Another creative way to make internally built connectors  3  is replicating a nut and bolt where the oak pieces  4  and  4   a  will have threads so the pieces can screw together. 
     The length of the single piece model of the device will be long enough as to not come in contact with bottom of the container. The reason for this is because a lot of the sediment from the fermentation process settles at the bottom of the container and should not be stirred up. The modified bung  1   a  will be connected to the oak pieces  4  and  4   a  in contact with the liquid inside the container and also act as a means to quickly insert and extract the pieces once inside the container. The internally built connectors  3  will allow the pieces to be connected and disconnected quickly and easily. The oak pieces  4  in contact with the liquid may be manufactured to the shape of a cylinder or may be modified to rectangular oak pieces  4   a  as shown in the embodiment illustrated in  FIG.  1   . The basic shape of the oak pieces  4  may be in the shape of a cylinder because of the circular openings of many containers. The rectangular oak piece  4   a  is an example of how the oak pieces can be modified to other shapes, and other geometric possibilities are endless. The oak pieces may also be creatively customized to various geometries such as, but not limited to, a hexagon and octagon as well. Also, with a variety of router bits the oak pieces  4  can come in a variety of shapes as well. 
     The length of the device once put together can extend the length of the container and can be customized to various lengths depending on the size of the container. For example, one of the most common containers being 5 gallon glass carboys. The length of each individual oak piece  4  can be customized to various lengths and diameters as well. The length of the device will also be able to be customized by the user by connecting multiple oak pieces  4  together made possible by the internally built connectors  3  to the user&#39;s desired length. This is accomplished by having multiple oak pieces  4  having internally built connectors  3  with a male and female connector ends at the top and bottom of the pieces that allow the pieces to securely slide onto each other. 
     The internally built connectors  3  at the top and bottom of each oak piece  4  can be made at angles as well to try and maximize the amount of oak pieces  4  in the container. This is discussed below in detail with respect to  FIG.  5   . To increase the surface area of oak in contact with the liquid, full vertical cuts  5   a  are cut all the way through oak pieces  4 . There is also an option to have varied vertical cuts  5   b  on the oak pieces  4  that can vary in depth. Laser engraving and creative techniques on a CNC lathe can allow for greater creativity and 3-dimensional patterns to be made. Creative router bits can also allow for unique shapes to be made on to the oak pieces  4 . Holes can also be drilled laterally and at angles on the oak pieces  4  to increase the area of oak interacting with the liquid. 
     To make the manufacturing of the device simpler, a single piece model may be made entirely out of oak that will combine the modified bung  1   a  and oak pieces  4  in contact with the liquid as one unit, and then inserted into the silicone bung  9   s  by having a connecting end  3   a . This is accomplished by eliminating the internally built connectors  3  and customizing the piece to the length of the container that will be used. 
     As discussed, the modified bung  1   a  can be made in various ways as shown in the Figures. There are many creative ways to create the modified bung  1   a , such as in the shape of balls, conical shapes, and other geometries. A method similar to joinery is a screw version where the several varieties of internally built connectors  3  made by joinery cuts are replaced with a screw version that is the same concept as a nut and bolt. In the screw version of the modified bung, the internally built connectors  3  in contact with the oak pieces  4  would have threads made onto each piece so they can screw onto one another, and a corresponding bolt that would screw on the top of the modified bung  1   a , similar to the ring  15  in  FIG.  4    for easy insertion and extraction from the container. 
       FIG.  4    shows an alternative way to construct a bung. The complex modified bung  1   d  shown in  FIG.  4    is similar to the modified bung  1   a  but would be attached to a ring  15  that can open due to a hinge  14  and securely close by a latch mechanism  12 . To give added pressure to secure the complex modified bung  1   d  in the ring  15 , padding 13 may line the inside of the ring  15  and closing face. 
       FIG.  4    also shows another way to attach components together.  FIG.  4    shows a concept similar to mortis and tenon joinery with wedge to connect the pieces together. There is a hollow cavity  21   d  where the fixture end  21   b  on the oak piece fits into. There is also a hole  21   a  on the complex modified bung  1   d  that is aligned to a hole  21   e  on the fixture end  21   b . To secure the pieces together a wedge  21   c  fits in the holes  21   a  on the complex modified bung  1   d  and fixture end  21   b  of the oak piece. 
       FIG.  5    shows an embodiment in which joinery is used to connect multiple pieces at angles to increase the amount of oak inside a container, for example inside a barrel. The configuration in  FIG.  5    shows the angled oak pieces  16  connected at 90 degree angles to one another. The oak pieces are modified to make angled oak pieces  16 , and the lines  17  in  FIG.  5    refer to the angle of the angled oak pieces  16 , where one end of the piece is higher than the other end similar to a diagonal line. The angled oak pieces  16  have the full vertical cuts  5   a  shown in  FIG.  5   . 
     The angled oak pieces  16  can have a variety of methods to attach to corresponding pieces. For example, the joinery cuts on the angled oak piece  16  may be made at cuts that are perpendicular to one another. If one looks at a 3-dimensional X, Y, and Z plane  20 , one joinery cut  3   a  along the Y-axis and be made on top of the angled oak piece  16 , and the other joinery cut  3   b  along the X-axis and be made on the bottom of the angled oak piece  16 . On an X, Y, and Z plane  20 , X and Y axis are perpendicular to one another. These cuts allow a sliding connection  18  where the joinery cut  3   a  along the Y-axis slides onto the joinery cut  3   b  along the X-axis on another angled oak piece  16 , creating a 90 degree angle. As more and more angled oak pieces  16  connect together they form a spiral motion inside the container. 
     Another way to slide the pieces onto one another is through a vertical connection  19 . This is made possible by taking the joinery cut  3   a  along the Y-axis and rotating it 90 degrees downward to form a new rotated Y-axis facing joinery cut  3   d , and taking the joinery cut  3   b  along the X-axis and rotating it 90 degrees upward forming a new rotated X-axis facing joinery cut  3   c . The new rotated Y-axis facing joinery cut  3   d  will slide by a vertical connection  19  on the Z-axis onto the new rotated X-axis facing joinery cut  3   c  located on another angled oak piece  16  shown in  FIG.  5   . The rotated Y-axis facing joinery cut  3   d  and rotated X-axis facing joinery cut  3   c  are made so that the two angled oak pieces  16  do not slide off of each other. The angled oak pieces  16  may be connected to the variety of bungs illustrated throughout the figures. 
       FIG.  5    shows how the device can be modified to a complex screw motion as the pieces get connected and inserted into a container.  FIG.  6    shows another embodiment in which the device can be modified to fit inside a larger container while still keeping the same principles used in smaller containers.  FIG.  6    shows a circular top modified bung  21  that is larger in size to fit the diameter of larger openings, such as in barrels and demijohns. The circular top modified bung  21  is large enough to accommodate multiple oak pieces  4  that can hang side by side to one another inside the container, and also have more oak pieces  4  attached to them by the internally built connectors  3 .  FIG.  6    shows the ability to hang two oak pieces  4  side by side, but another bisecting cut on the bottom of the circular top modified bung  21  can allow the possibility to increase from 2 to 4 oak pieces  4  hanging down from the circular top modified bung  21 . The cylindrical oak pieces  4  shown in  FIG.  6    can come in a variety of geometries, such as a rectangular oak piece  4   a  with a variety of cuts, such as an angled cut  5   c  shown in the rectangular oak piece  4   a  in  FIG.  6   , or the full vertical cuts  5   a.    
       FIG.  7    is another modification  22  where the full vertical cuts  5   a  are replaced with geometric oak pieces  23  or complex oak pieces  23   a  that have the same internally built connectors  3  to attach to the modification  22 . The geometric oak pieces  23  and complex oak pieces  23   a  internally built connectors  3  will slide into the horizontal cuts  24  on the modification  22 . The geometric oak pieces  23  shown in  FIG.  7    can come in a variety of shapes as well as a more complex oak piece  23   a  that have the varied vertical cuts  5   b . The internally built connectors  3  on the top and bottom of the modification  22  also give the ability to connect to a modified bung  1   a  or another corresponding piece. 
       FIG.  8    shows other modifications that demonstrate the endless possibilities to use joinery techniques. The sliding handle bung  1   e  in  FIG.  8    is a modification of the basic modified bung  1   a  in that an in internally built connector  3  is added to the top part of the sliding handle bung  1   e . This allows for a handle  25  to attach to the sliding handle bung  1   e  through its own internally built connector  3 . The handle  25  seen in  FIG.  8    shows a common dovetail joinery cut as an internally built connector  3  but can also be modified to have threads similar to a bolt, simulating how a nut and bolt screw onto one another. The handle  25  will have a vertical hole  7   a  drilled on the top, that is centered, and drilled all the way through that is equal or greater to the diameter of vertical opening  7 , where the stopper or airlock  10  attaches. 
       FIG.  8    also shows sliding modification  26  and a screw modification  27 . The sliding modification  26  consists of two pieces. A sliding piece  26   a  that has the shape of a cylinder that has been cut in half with a dovetail cut down the flat side and the entire length of the piece that acts as an internally built connector  3   a . The sliding piece  26   a  shows the varied vertical cuts  5   b  to increase as much oak surface area in contact with the liquid. There is also the option of having patterns engraved as well. 
     The connecting piece  26   b  will receive the sliding piece  26   a  by a vertical connection and will also have internally built connectors  3  on the top and bottom that can attach to whichever version of bung already discussed or another corresponding piece. The connecting piece  26   b  will have a corresponding dovetail cut to receive the sliding piece  26   a  but the cut won&#39;t go the entire length of the piece but stop short just above and below the joinery cuts that form the internally built connectors  3  on the top and bottom of the connecting piece  26   b . In this example a dovetail joinery cut was used but other cuts can be made as well. 
     The screw modification  27  shows another approach to attach oak pieces. The modified oak pieces are comprised of two pieces, an oak piece  28   a  that has threads seen on a bolt and a corresponding wooden nut  28   b  that connect together through a pathway  29  on a central shaft  30  on the screw modification  27 . The wooden nut  28   b  can be an extra option to secure the oak piece  28   a , but the pathway  29  will also have threads to allow the oak pieces  28   a  to be directly screwed onto the central shaft  30 . The screw modification  27  also has the internally built connectors  3  on either end to attach to other pieces as well as to the bung. 
       FIG.  9    shows another embodiment. It has a modified oak bung  1   m  that can vary in length and has the option to have the full vertical cuts  5   a  on it. The modified oak bung  1   m  has a connecting end  3   a  that slides onto a silicone bung  9   s  made of silicone or other food grade material. The airlock  10  is connected on the silicone bung  9   s  through the vertical opening  7 , and another vertical opening  7  is drilled into the modified oak bung  1   m  to allow a path for gases to escape. The silicone bung  9   s  can be reused and oak replacement kits purchased. However, the silicone bung  9   s  can be made of cork or other food grade material. 
     The option of having an end cap  6  in  FIG.  1    will allow the end joinery cuts to be covered up if so desired. Another option is having a check valve  11  shown in  FIG.  3    inserted in place of an airlock  10 . 
       FIG.  10    shows another embodiment for how internal connectors made by joinery can be made. The silicone bung  106  is shown with no holes for gases to escape and has a cavity to where the modified bung  105  inserts into. The oak pieces  100  and modified bung  105  show male connectors  101  and female connectors  102 . The male connector  101  connects to the female connector  102  on the corresponding oak piece  100  or modified bung  105 . Also, the hole  103  on the male connector  101  aligns to the holes  104  on the female connector  102 . To secure the connections a dowel  107  is inserted into the holes  104  on the female connector  102  and hole  103  on the male connector  101 . The modified bung  105  and silicone bung  106  are shown as a two piece model in  FIG.  10    but can be combined and made of one solid piece and same material. The male connectors  101  and female connectors  102  are shown to be on the same oak pieces  100 , but the oak pieces can have both male connectors  101  and female connectors  102  on the same piece. Similarly the modified bung  105  can have either type of connector. The holes  104  on the female connector  102  and hole  103  on male connector  101  can have the option of being threaded and can be made to various geometries or be made of other creative techniques. The dowel  107  shown in  FIG.  10    is a simplified design, it can be made of any geometry, can be threaded, replicate a bolt, have the ends of the dowel accommodate various bits on a screw driver, and can be flush or sticking out of the oak pieces  100  or modified bung  105 . The dowel  107  can be permanently fixed into place or removable. The diameters of the holes  104  on the female connector  102  and hole  103  on male connector  101  can vary to allow rotation around the dowel  107 . This will allow the option to have static/fixed or rotational/moveable connections. The degree at which the device can rotate can be restricted or unrestricted based on how the male connector  101  or female connector  102  is cut. The cavity in the silicone bung  106  and top of modified bung  105  can also have a threaded connection but this option is not shown. The oak pieces  100  can have the option of being made into various geometries and they can vary in length, thickness, and design from other corresponding oak pieces  100 . 
     Different features, variations and multiple different embodiments have been shown and described with various details. What has been described in this application at times in terms of specific embodiments is done for illustrative purposes only and without the intent to limit or suggest that what has been conceived is only one particular embodiment or specific embodiments. It is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to any single specific embodiments or enumerated variations. Many modifications, variations and other embodiments will come to mind of those skilled in the art, and which are intended to be and are in fact covered by both this disclosure. It is indeed intended that the scope of this disclosure should be determined by a proper legal interpretation and construction of the disclosure, including equivalents, as understood by those of skill in the art relying upon the complete disclosure present at the time of filing.