Patent Publication Number: US-2023165098-A1

Title: Display substrate, manufacturing method thereof and three-dimensional display apparatus

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     The present application is a national phase entry under 35 U.S.C. § 371 of International Application No. PCT/CN2021/092258, filed on May 8, 2021, which claims priority to the PCT Patent Application No. PCT/CN2020/138592, filed to the China National Intellectual Property Administration on Dec. 23, 2020 and entitled “ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DISPLAY SUBSTRATE AND DISPLAY APPARATUS”, and claims priority to the Chinese Patent Application No. 202110133787.9, filed to the China National Intellectual Property Administration on Feb. 1, 2021 and entitled “DISPLAY SUBSTRATE, MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF AND THREE-DIMENSIONAL DISPLAY APPARATUS”, a part of or entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     FIELD 
     The present disclosure relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display substrate, a manufacturing method thereof and a three-dimensional display apparatus. 
     BACKGROUND 
     A glasses-free three dimensional (3D) display technology can make people watch a vivid and life-like stereoscopic image without wearing 3D glasses and enables a wearer to be freed from the fetters of traditional 3D glasses, thereby fundamentally solving a problem of being dizzy due to long-time wearing of the 3D glasses and greatly improves viewing comfort of people. 
     According to difference of display principles, the glasses-free 3D technology may be divided into a barrier glasses-free 3D technology and a lenticular lens 3D display technology. A left view and a right view are formed via a parallax barrier similar to a grating or via a lenticular lens, the left view and the right view come into two eyes of the viewer with a parallax effect, so that the viewer can watch a 3D display image without the need for the viewer to wear 3D glasses. 
     SUMMARY 
     In an aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display substrate, including:
         a base substrate, wherein the base substrate includes a plurality of sub-pixels, each sub-pixel includes at least two first electrodes and a light-emitting function layer disposed on a side of the first electrodes facing away from the base substrate, and each first electrode includes: a transparent conductive portion and a reflective conductive portion which are arranged in stack;   an insulation layer, located between a layer where the first electrodes are located and the base substrate; and   a plurality of reflective structures, located between the insulation layer and the base substrate, wherein   in at least one of the sub-pixels, two adjacent first electrodes are correspondingly provided with one reflective structure, the reflective structure includes a first portion and a second portion, an orthographic projection of the first portion on the base substrate and an orthographic projection of one of the two adjacent first electrodes on the base substrate have an overlap area, and an orthographic projection of the second portion on the base substrate and an orthographic projection of another one of the two adjacent first electrodes on the base substrate have an overlap area.       

     Optionally, in the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the reflective structures further includes a third portion, a distance between the third portion and the light-emitting function layer in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate is smaller than a distance between the first portion and the light-emitting function layer in the direction perpendicular to the base substrate and smaller than a distance between the second portion and the light-emitting function layer in the direction perpendicular to the base substrate. 
     Optionally, in the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the third portion is located between the first portion and the second portion. 
     Optionally, in the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, an orthographic projection of the reflective conductive portion on the base substrate is located within an orthographic projection of the transparent conductive portion on the base substrate. 
     Optionally, in the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the transparent conductive portion includes: a first transparent conductive portion disposed on a side of the reflective conductive portion facing the base substrate, and a second transparent conductive portion disposed on a side of the reflective conductive portion facing away from the base substrate, wherein
         a portion of each second transparent conductive portion exceeding the reflective conductive portion includes: a slope obliquely extending towards the base substrate, and an edge flat portion making contact with the slope.       

     Optionally, the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes: a plurality of transparent protective electrodes disposed on a side of the layer where the plurality of first electrodes are located facing away from the base substrate, where
         the plurality of transparent protective electrodes correspond to the plurality of first electrodes, and an orthographic projection of the transparent protective electrodes on the base substrate at least covers an orthographic projection of the edge flat portions in the corresponding first electrodes on the base substrate.       

     Optionally, in the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, in each of the sub-pixels, the at least two first electrodes are arranged in a first direction and extend in a second direction; and 
     a width of the transparent protective electrode in the first direction is larger than or equal to a width of the corresponding first electrode in the first direction, and a length of the transparent protective electrode in the second direction is larger than or equal to a length of the corresponding first electrode in the second direction. 
     Optionally, the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes: a planarization layer located between the base substrate and a layer where the plurality of reflective structures are located; and the reflective structures are arranged in grooves of the planarization layer. 
     Optionally, the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes: a plurality of pixel driving circuits located between the base substrate and the planarization layer. Here the pixel driving circuits are corresponding electrically connected to the first electrodes through via holes running through an inorganic insulation layer and the planarization layer. 
     Optionally, in the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the via holes are sequentially arranged at edges of the same side of the corresponding first electrodes in the first direction. 
     Optionally, in the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate, a thickness of the reflective conductive portion is larger than or equal to 200 &lt; and smaller than or equal to 2000 Å. 
     Optionally, in the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, on a side close to the reflective conductive portion, an included angle between the slope and the base substrate is larger than or equal to 30° and smaller than or equal to 60°. 
     Optionally, in the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, in each of the sub-pixels, a maximum distance between the first portion and the second portion is larger than 2 μm and smaller than or equal to 5 μm, a minimum distance between the first portion and the second portion is larger than 1 μm and smaller than or equal to 2 μm, and a gap between the transparent protective electrodes is larger than 0 and smaller than or equal to 2 μm. 
     Optionally, in the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, a material of the insulation layer is an inorganic insulation material. 
     In another aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a three-dimensional display apparatus, including the above display substrate, and a spectrometer located on a display side of the display substrate. 
     In further another aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a manufacturing method of the above display substrate, including:
         providing a base substrate;   forming a plurality of reflective structures on the base substrate;   forming an insulation layer on a layer where the plurality of reflective structures are located; and   forming a plurality of sub-pixels on the insulation layer;   wherein in each of the sub-pixels, at least two first electrodes and a light-emitting function layer disposed on a side of the at least two first electrodes facing away from the base substrate are formed; each first electrode comprises: a transparent conductive portion and a reflective conductive portion arranged in stack; and   in at least one of the sub-pixels, two adjacent first electrodes are correspondingly provided with one reflective structure, the one reflective structure comprises a first portion and a second portion, an orthographic projection of the first portion on the base substrate and an orthographic projection of one of the two adjacent first electrodes on the base substrate have an overlap area, and an orthographic projection of the second portion on the base substrate and an orthographic projection of another one of the two adjacent first electrodes on the base substrate.       

     Optionally, in the above manufacturing method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the forming the plurality of first electrodes specifically includes:
         forming a first transparent conductive material layer, a reflective conductive material layer and a second transparent conductive material layer on the insulation layer in sequence; and   etching the first transparent conductive material layer, the reflective conductive material layer and the second transparent conductive material layer by using the same etching process so as to form a plurality of first electrodes;   each first electrode includes the first transparent conductive portion, the reflective conductive portion and the second transparent conductive portion, wherein a portion of the second transparent conductive portion exceeding the reflective conductive portion includes: a slope obliquely extending towards the base substrate, and an edge flat portion making contact with the slope and the first transparent conductive portion; and in the same sub-pixel, all the first electrodes are arranged in the first direction and extend in the second direction.       

     Optionally, in the above manufacturing method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, after forming the plurality of first electrodes and before forming the light-emitting function layer, the method further includes:
         forming a plurality of transparent protective electrodes on one side of a layer where the first electrodes are located facing away from the base substrate;   where the plurality of transparent protective electrodes correspond to the plurality of first electrodes, a width of each transparent protective electrode in the first direction is larger than a width of the corresponding first electrode in the first direction, and a length of the transparent protective electrode in the second direction is larger than a length of the corresponding first electrode in the second direction.       

    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    is a schematic diagram of a structure of a single-layer anode in the related art. 
         FIG.  2    is a schematic diagram of a moire pattern of the single-layer anode shown in  FIG.  1   . 
         FIG.  3    is a schematic structural diagram of a display substrate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  4    is another schematic structural diagram of a display substrate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  5    is further another schematic structural diagram of a display substrate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  6    is yet another schematic structural diagram of a display substrate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  7    is a flowchart of a manufacturing method of a display substrate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  8    to  FIG.  22    are schematic structural diagrams showing the structure of the display substrate in a manufacturing process provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure respectively. 
         FIG.  23    is a schematic structural diagram of a display apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     In order to make objectives, technical solutions and advantages of embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. It needs to be noted that a size and shape of each figure in the drawings do not reflect a true scale and intend to only illustrate contents of the present disclosure. The same or similar reference number represents the same or similar element or an element with the same or similar function all the time. Apparently, the described embodiments are a part of, but not all, of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure, all other obtained embodiments obtained by those ordinarily skilled in the art on the premise of no creative work fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure. 
     Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein should be understood commonly by those ordinarily skilled in the art. “First”, “second” and similar words used in the specification and claims of the present disclosure do not represent any sequence, quantity or significance but are only used for distinguishing different components. “Include” or “contain” and the similar words means that an element or item preceding the word covers an element or item and their equivalents listed after the word without excluding other elements or items. “Inside”, “outside”, “up”, “down” and the like are only used for representing a relative position relation. When an absolute position of a described object changes, the relative position relation may change correspondingly. 
     An existing medium and large size glasses-free 3D technology is low in resolution and cannot realize high-definition, high-brightness and high-contrast displaying. In order to improve a 3D viewing effect, the quantity of view points needs to be added, and the more individually-controlled sub-pixels there are, the higher the 3D display resolution gets, and the better the display effect is. 
     In some embodiments, as shown in  FIG.  1   , on the basis of sub-pixels, anodes of the sub-pixels may be finely patterned again into a plurality of sub-anodes independent from each other, full-gray-scale displaying and control over the sub-anodes are realized respectively through connection to the independent pixel driving circuits and compensation circuits, thus, 3D display resolution is improved, the quantity of viewing angles is increased, hopping of different viewing angles is smoother, and watching experience of glasses-free 3D is improved. However, the present disclosure discovers that after the anodes of the sub-pixels are divided, there is no carrier mobile coupled luminescence driven by parallel electric field generated by a metal electrode at space between adjacent sub-anodes (that is, no luminescence at the space), unfavorable 3D display moire is caused, the larger the space is, the wider an non-luminescence region gets, and the more severe the 3D display moire is, as shown in  FIG.  2   . 
     As for the above problem in the related art, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display substrate, as shown in  FIG.  3    to  FIG.  5   . The display substrate may include:
         a base substrate  101 , wherein the base substrate  101  includes a plurality of sub-pixels P, the plurality of sub-pixels P may include but are not limited to a red-light sub-pixel, a green-light sub-pixel, a blue-light sub-pixel and a white-light sub-pixel, each of the sub-pixels P internally includes at least two first electrodes  102 , and a light-emitting function layer  103  on a side of the at least two first electrodes  102  facing away from the base substrate  101 , each first electrode  102  includes: a reflective conductive portion  1021  and a transparent conductive portion  1022  arranged in stack; in some embodiments, a pixel definition layer (PDL) including a plurality of openings is disposed on the base substrate  101 , each of the openings corresponds to a sub-pixel P, the first electrodes  102  exposed via one opening belongs to one sub-pixel P, and each opening may expose the entire or a part of each first electrode  102 ;   an insulation layer  104 , disposed between a layer where the first electrodes  102  are located and the base substrate  101 ; and   a plurality of reflective structures  105 , disposed between the insulation layer  104  and the base substrate  101 .       

     In at least one of the sub-pixels P, two adjacent first electrodes  102  are correspondingly provided with one reflective structure  105 , the reflective structure  105  includes a first portion  1051  and a second portion  1052 , an orthographic projection of the first electrode  1051  on the base substrate  101  and an orthographic projection of the one first electrode  102  on the base substrate  101  have an overlap area, and an orthographic projection of the second portion  1052  on the base substrate  101  and an orthographic projection of another first electrode  102  on the base substrate  101  have an overlap area. 
     In the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, through the reflective structures  105  and the insulation layer  104 , mutual insulation between the first electrodes  102  and the reflective structures  105  is realized, optimal microcavity (defined by the reflective structures  105  and a second electrode  106 ) gain of a light-emitting device in the gap by adjusting a thickness of the insulation layer  104 , a light-emitting brightness at the gap is improved, and unfavorable moire caused by large etching gap is solved. 
     In some embodiments, the thickness of the insulation layer  104  is in a negative correlation relation with reflectivity of the reflective structures  105 . In other words, under the condition of realizing the same microcavity gain effect, the larger the reflectivity of the reflective structures  105  is, the smaller the thickness of the insulation layer  104  will be. In order to realize a light and thin product, aluminum, or silver and other metal with high reflectivity (for example, the reflectivity is larger than 90%) may be adopted to manufacture the reflective structures  105 . Besides, a material of the inorganic insulation layer  104  may be an inorganic material such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, aluminum oxide and the like. 
     In some embodiments, the first electrode  102  may be an anode, the second electrode  106  may be a cathode; or the first electrode  102  may be a cathode, and the second electrode  106  may be an anode. In some embodiments, the plurality of sub-pixels P are in a plurality of colors, in this case, the light-emitting function layer  103  in each of the sub-pixels P may be of an integrated structure. In some embodiment, all the sub-pixels P are in the same color (for example, white), so the light-emitting function layer  103  in all the sub-pixels P may be of an integrated structure. The light-emitting function layer  103  may include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electronic barrier layer, a light-emitting material layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transfer layer and an electron injection layers, and the like. 
     Besides, in the present disclosure, the reflective conductive portion  1021  refers to a conductive component with a reflecting function, for example, metal such as aluminum, silver, etc. and an alloy material with high reflectivity, and the transparent conductive portion  1022  refers to a conductive component with a transparent function, for example, a metal oxide such as indium tin oxide or a metal material which gets thinner and can make light pass through it. 
     Optionally, in the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in  FIG.  3    to  FIG.  5   , each of the reflective structures  105  further includes a third portion  1053 , a distance between the third portion  1053  and the light-emitting function layer  103  in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate  101  is smaller than a distance between the first portion  1051  and the light-emitting function layer  103  in the direction perpendicular to the base substrate  101  and smaller than a distance between the second portion  1052  and the light-emitting function layer  103  in the direction perpendicular to the base substrate  101 , and third portion  1053  may be located between the first portion  1051  and the second portion  1052 . In this way, an orthographic projection of the reflective structures  105  on the base substrate  101  may approximately overlap with a gap between the reflective conductive portions  1021 , so that coupling capacitance caused by overlapping of the reflective structures  105  and the reflective conductive portions  1021  can be reduced as much as possible. 
     It needs to be noted that in an actual technique, due to limit of technical conditions or other factors, the above “approximately overlap” may be “completely overlap”, or may have some deviation, so a relation of “approximately overlap” between the above features falls within the protection scope of the present disclosure as long as it meets a permissible error. 
     In some embodiments, the first portion  1051 , the second portion  1052  and the third portion  1053  may be of an integrated structure arranged in the same layer, or may be three independent portions arranged on different layers. Preferably, in order to improve flatness of the subsequent first electrodes  102 , the first portion  1051 , the second portion  1052  and the third portion  1053  are of an integrated structure arranged in the same layer. 
     It needs to be noted that in the present disclosure, the “same layer” refers to a layer structure formed through a one-time patterning process by using the same mask after forming a film layer by using the same film forming process. That is, the one-time patterning process corresponds to one mask (also called photomask). According to difference of specific patterns, the one-time patterning process may include repeated exposure, developing or etching processes, the specific patterns in the formed layer structure may be continuous or not, and these specific patterns may be located at the same height or have the same thickness, or may be at different heights or have different thicknesses. 
     Optionally, in the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in  FIG.  3    and  FIG.  4   , an orthographic projection of the reflective conductive portion  1021  on the base substrate  101  is located within an orthographic projection of the transparent conductive portion  1022  on the base substrate  101 , so that the reflective conductive portion  1021  is protected against erosion of water oxygen, etc. by the aid of the transparent conductive portion  1022 . 
     Optionally, in the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in  FIG.  3    and  FIG.  4   , the transparent conductive portion  1022  may include: a first transparent conductive portion  1022   a  disposed on a side of the reflective conductive portion  1021  facing the base substrate  101 , and a second transparent conductive portion  1022   b  disposed on a side of the reflective conductive portion  1021  facing away from the base substrate  101 . 
     Here, a portion of each second transparent conductive portion  1022   b  exceeding the reflective conductive portion  1021  includes: a slope obliquely extending towards the base substrate  101 , and an edge flat portion in contact with the slope. 
     As shown in  FIG.  3    and  FIG.  4   , during forming of the light-emitting function layer  103  of a light-emitting device, the slope of the second transparent conductive portion  1022   b  is relatively smooth and has no vertical segment difference, so the light-emitting function layer  103  does not crack at a gap. In the light-emitting device, a hole (for example, an anode) of the first electrode  102  and an electron (for example, a cathode) of the second electrode  106  are transported to a light-emitting layer to emit light by combination. As a carrier concentration in the light-emitting layer corresponding to the first electrode  102  is higher than a carrier concentration at a gap, carriers may be transversely diffused from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration, thus light-emitting brightness at the gap is increased by using intrinsic crosstalk of the light-emitting device, then continuous light-emitting in the same sub-pixel P is realized, and a phenomenon of moire is further reduced. 
     In some embodiments, materials of the first transparent conductive portion  1022   a  and the second transparent conductive portion  1022   b  may be indium tin oxide (ITO), and a material of the reflective conductive portion  1021  may be silver (Ag), that is, the first electrode  102  has an ITO/Ag/ITO sandwich. Compared with a stack structure such as Al/ITO, and AlNd/ITO, an anode reflectivity of the ITO/Ag/ITO sandwich is higher, a current efficiency of a corresponding light-emitting device is higher, and a service life is longer. 
     In some embodiments, the slope of the second transparent conductive portion  1022   b  may be in contact with the first transparent conductive portion  1022   a,  and the edge flat portion of the second transparent conductive portion  1022   b  may overlap with the first transparent conductive portion  1022   a.  In some other embodiments, the first transparent conductive portion  1022   a  is located within the orthographic projection of the second transparent conductive portion  1022   b,  and the edge flat portion of the second transparent conductive portion  1022   b  is in contact with the insulation layer  104 . 
     In the present disclosure, as shown in  FIG.  6   , a pixel defining layer  107  is arranged between the adjacent sub-pixels P, and in order to realize continuous light-emitting, the pixel defining layer  107  cannot be arranged at a gap between the adjacent first electrodes  102 . As the first transparent conductive portion  1022   a  and the second transparent conductive portion  1022   b  are two independent film layers, a seam of a certain degree may exist between them. During subsequent manufacturing of the pixel defining layer  107 , a curing process (230° C./1 hour) tends to make water oxygen, etc. enter the first electrode  102  through the seam and erode an edge of the reflective conductive portion  1021  made of the silver material, edge burrs are generated, and consequently serious electric leakage of the light-emitting device is caused. 
     Based on this, the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in  FIG.  3    and  FIG.  4   , may further include: a plurality of transparent protective electrodes  108  disposed on a side of the layer where the plurality of first electrodes  102  are located facing away from the base substrate  101 . 
     The plurality of transparent protective electrodes  108  correspond to the plurality of first electrodes  102 , and an orthographic projection of the transparent protective electrodes  108  on the base substrate  101  at least covers an orthographic projection of the edge flat portions of the second transparent protective electrodes  1022   b  in the corresponding first electrodes  102  on the base substrate  101 . 
     The edge flat portions of the second transparent conductive portions  1022   b  are in contact with edges of the first transparent conductive portions  1022   a,  by arranging the transparent protective electrodes  108  covering the edge flat portions, water oxygen, etc. is prevented from entering the first electrodes  102  through seams at edges of the first transparent conductive portions  1022   a  and the second transparent conductive portions  1022   b,  so that it can be guaranteed that the edges of the reflective conductive portions  1021  are not eroded during subsequent manufacturing of the pixel defining layer  107 , and stability of the light-emitting device is improved. In some embodiments, the material of the transparent protective electrode  108  may be indium tin oxide, etc. 
     It needs to be noted that under the condition that the transparent protective electrodes  108  are conductive and directly cover the first electrodes  102 , in order to avoid crosstalk of loaded driving signals on the different first electrodes  102 , the transparent protective electrodes  108  may correspond to the first electrodes  102  in one-to-one mode. Under the condition that there is an insulation layer at the edges of the transparent protective electrodes  108 , or between the transparent protective electrodes  108  and the first electrodes  102 , one transparent protective electrode  108  may correspond to and cover a plurality of first electrodes  102 . 
     Optionally, in the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in  FIG.  5   , in each of the sub-pixels P, at least two first electrodes  102  are arranged in the first direction X and extend in the second direction Y, a width Wi of the transparent protective electrode  108  in the first direction X is larger than or equal to a width W 2  of the corresponding first electrode  102  in the first direction X, a length L 1  of the transparent protective electrode  108  in the second direction Y is larger or equal to a length L 2  of the corresponding first electrode  102  in the second direction Y, so that the first electrode  102  may be better protected, which is also facilitate the film layer continuity of the subsequent light-emitting function layer  103 . 
     Specifically, in the present disclosure, the width W 2  of the first electrode  102  in the first direction X is the maximum width value among the first transparent conductive portion  1022   a , the second transparent conductive portion  1022   b  and the reflective conductive portion  1021 . For example, in the first direction X, a width of the first transparent conductive portion  1022   a  is larger than a width of the second transparent conductive portion  1022   b  and larger than a width of the reflective conductive portion  1021 , so the width W 2  of the first electrode  102  in the first direction X refers to the width of the first transparent conductive portion  1022   a.  Similarly, the length L 2  of the first electrode  102  in the second direction Y is the maximum length value among the first transparent conductive portion  1022   a,  the second transparent conductive portion  1022   b  and the reflective conductive portion  1021 . 
     Optionally, the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in  FIG.  4   , may further include: a planarization layer  109  between the base substrate  101  and a layer where the plurality of reflective structures  105  are located; the planarization layer  109  has a plurality of grooves, the reflective structures  105  are arranged in the grooves of the planarization layer  109 , and thus flatness of the edge of the first electrode  102  is improved. 
     In some embodiments, in order to effectively improve the flatness of the edge of the first electrode  102  and solve a problem of abnormal light-emitting direction caused by unevenness of a surface of the first electrode  102 , as shown in  FIG.  4   , a distance between top edges of the grooves of the planarization layer  109  and the base substrate  101  may be set to be equal to a distance between upper surfaces of the reflective structures  105  and the base substrate  101 , that is, the grooves of the planarization layer  109  just accommodate the reflective structures  105 . 
     Optionally, the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in  FIG.  3    and  FIG.  4   , may further include: a plurality of pixel driving circuits  110  located between the base substrate  101  and the planarization layer  109 . The pixel driving circuit  110  (may be, specifically, a source/drain electrode  111  of a driving transistor in the pixel driving circuit  110 ) are correspondingly electrically connected to the first electrodes  102  through via holes H running through the insulation layer  104  and the planarization layer  109 . In this way, the light-emitting device to which the corresponding first electrode  102  belongs can be independently driven through the pixel driving circuit  110  to emit light. In some embodiments, in order to improve 3D display resolution, each pixel driving circuit  110  may be arranged to be correspondingly electrically connected to one first electrode  102 . 
     Optionally, in the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in  FIG.  5   , in order to simplify a manufacturing process, the via holes H may be arranged at the edge of the same side of the corresponding first electrodes  102  in sequence in the first direction X. 
     Optionally, in the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, a slope inclination of the second transparent conductive portion  1022   b  may be changed by adjusting a thickness of the reflective conductive portion  1021 . In some embodiments, in the direction perpendicular to the base substrate  101 , the thickness of the reflective conductive portion  1021  may be larger than or equal to 200 Å and smaller than or equal to 2000 Å. 
     Optionally, in the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in  FIG.  3   , on a side close to the reflective conductive portion  1021 , an included angle λ between the slope and the base substrate  101  may be larger than or equal to 30° and smaller than or equal to 60°. In this way, adjustment of a light-emitting direction of the light-emitting device can be better realized by using the oblique slope, so that “fake” continuous light-emitting is realized on the basis of optical crosstalk of adjacent light-emitting devices. 
     Optionally, in the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in  FIG.  3    and  FIG.  5   , in each of the sub-pixels P, a maximum distance di (namely, a gap between the reflective conductive portions  1021 ) between the first portion  1051  and the second portion  1052  is larger than 2 μm and smaller than or equal to 5 μm, a minimum distance d 2  (namely, a gap between the transparent conductive portions  1022 ) between the first portion  1051  and the second portion  1052  is larger than 1 μm and smaller than or equal to 2 μm, and the gap between the transparent protective electrodes  108  is larger than 0 and smaller than or equal to 2 μm. 
     In some embodiments, as shown in  FIG.  5   , one row of first electrodes  102  is arranged in one sub-pixel P, in this case, the above d 1 , d 2  and d 3  specifically refer to sizes in the first direction X. In some embodiments, a plurality of rows and columns of first electrodes  102  may be arranged in the sub-pixel P, and in this case, the above di, d 2  and d 3  specifically refer to sizes in the first direction X and the second direction Y 
     Optionally, the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in  FIG.  3    and  FIG.  4   , may further include an encapsulation layer  112 , etc. In some embodiments, the encapsulation layer  112  may include a first inorganic encapsulation layer, an organic encapsulation layer and a second inorganic encapsulation layer arranged in stack. Other essential components of the display substrate should be understood by those ordinarily skilled in the art and will neither be described in detail, nor be used to limit the present disclosure. 
     Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a manufacturing method of the above display substrate. As a principle of solving problems of the manufacturing method is similar to a principle of solving problems of the above display substrate, implementation of the manufacturing method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may refer to implementation of the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, and repetitions are not described in detail. 
     Specifically, the manufacturing method of the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in  FIG.  7   , may include the following:
         S 701 , providing a base substrate;   S 702 , forming a plurality of reflective structures on the base substrate;   S 703 , forming an insulation layer on a layer where the plurality of reflective structures are located; and   S 704 , forming a plurality of sub-pixels on the insulation layer; here each of the sub-pixels includes at least two first electrodes, and a light-emitting function layer disposed on a side of the first electrodes facing away from the base substrate; and each first electrode includes: a transparent conductive portion and a reflective conductive portion disposed in stack.       

     In at least one of the sub-pixels, two adjacent first electrodes correspond to one reflective structure, the reflective structure includes a first portion and a second portion, an orthographic projection of the first portion on the base substrate and an orthographic projection of one first electrode on the base substrate have an overlap area, and an orthographic projection of the second portion on the base substrate and an orthographic projection of another first electrode on the base substrate have an overlap area. 
     In order to better understand the technical solution of the manufacturing method of the present disclosure, detailed description is made below by taking a specific embodiment. 
     1, a plurality of pixel driving circuits  110  and a planarization layer  109  are formed in sequence on the base substrate  101 , wherein a driving transistor in each pixel driving circuit  110  has a source/drain electrode  111 , and the planarization layer  109  has a plurality of grooves C and via holes H, as shown in  FIG.  8    and  FIG.  9   . 
     2, the reflective structures  105  are formed in the grooves C of the planarization layer  109  in a one-to-one corresponding mode, as shown in  FIG.  10    and  FIG.  11   . 
     3, the insulation layer  104  is formed on the side of the reflective structures  105  facing away from the base substrate  101 , and the via holes H running through the insulation layer  104  and the planarization layer  109  are formed by patterning, as shown in  FIG.  12    and  FIG.  13   . 
     4, a first transparent conductive material layer  1022   a ′, a reflective conductive material layer  1021 ′ and a second transparent conductive material layer  1022   b ′ are formed on the insulation layer  104 , as shown in  FIG.  14   . 
     5, a patterned photoresist layer PR is formed on the second transparent conductive material layer  1022   b ′, an orthographic projection of the photoresist layer PR on the base substrate  101  overlaps with a gap of the reflective structures  105  and an edge of an orthographic projection of the reflective structures  105 , as shown in  FIG.  15   . 
     6, the photoresist layer PR is used as a mask, and the second transparent conductive material layer  1022   b ′ is etched, so that a plurality of second transparent conductive portions  1022   b  are formed, as shown in  FIG.  16   . The reflective conductive material layer  1021 ′ continues to be etched, so that a plurality of reflective conductive portions  1021  are formed, as shown in  FIG.  17   . The first transparent conductive material layer  1022   a  continues to be etched, so that a plurality of first transparent conductive portions  1022   a  are formed, as shown in  FIG.  18   . 
     7, photoresist PR is stripped off, so preparation of the first electrodes  102  is completed. It should be understood that as the portion of the second transparent conductive portion  1022   b  exceeding the reflective conductive portion  1021  has no support of the reflective conductive portion  1021 , the portion of the second transparent conductive portion  1022   b  exceeding the reflective conductive portion  1021  forms a slope due to gravity effect to be in contact with the first transparent conductive portion  1022   a,  as shown in  FIG.  19    and  FIG.  20   . 
     8, a plurality of transparent protective electrodes  108  are formed on the layer where the first electrodes  102  are located, as shown in  FIG.  21   . 
     9, a light-emitting function layer  103 , a second electrode  106  and an encapsulation layer  112  are sequentially formed on a layer where the transparent protective electrodes  108  are located, as shown in  FIG.  22   . In some embodiments, the light-emitting function layer  103  may be prepared in a mode of evaporation or printing. 
     It needs to be noted that in the above manufacturing method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, patterning processes involved in forming all layers of structures may not only include a part of or all of processes such as deposition, photoresist coating, mask process, exposure, developing, etching and photoresist stripping, but also include other processes, which is specifically determined according to needed patterns formed in an actual manufacturing process and is not limited herein. For example, a post-baking process may be further included after developing and before etching. 
     The deposition process may be a chemical vapor deposition method, a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition method or a physical vapor deposition method, which is not limited herein. A mask used in the masking process may be a Half Tone Mask, a Single Slit Mask or a Gray Tone Mask, which is not limited. Etching may be dry etching or wet etching, which is not limited herein. 
     Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a three-dimensional display apparatus, as shown in  FIG.  23   , includes the above display substrate  001  and a spectrometer  002  disposed on a display side of the display substrate  001 . As a principle of solving problems of the three-dimensional display apparatus is similar to the principle of solving problems of the above display substrate, implementation of the three-dimensional display apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may refer to implementation of the above display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, and repetitions are not described in detail. 
     In some embodiments, as shown in  FIG.  23   , the spectrometer  002  may include a glass substrate  201 , a base material  202  and a high-refractive-index resin layer  203 , a low-refractive-index resin layer  204  and a protective film  205 . The display substrate  001  may be further provided with a color photoresist layer  113  (including but is not limited to a red light color filter R-CF, a green light color filter G-CF and a blue light color filter B-CF), a black matrix  114 , a protective cover plater  115  and a blocking dam  116 . Besides, in some medium and small size products, a light-emitting device to which the first electrode  102  below the red light color filter R-CF belongs is a red light-emitting device, a light-emitting device to which the first electrode  102  below the green light color filter G-CF belongs is a green light-emitting device, and a light-emitting device to which the first electrode  102  below the blue light color filter B-CF belongs is a blue light-emitting device. In some medium and large size products, light-emitting devices to which all first electrodes  102  belong may be white light-emitting devices. 
     It needs to be noted that the high-refractive-index  203  is composed of a plurality of cylindrical lenses, each of the cylindrical lenses may separate light beams from the light-emitting device to which the first electrode  102  covered by it belongs. Besides, though continuous light-emitting is realized in one sub-pixel P, brightness of the light-emitting device to which the first electrode  102  belongs is larger than brightness of the gap between the first electrodes  102 , and based on the above factors, the above solutions provided by the present disclosure can improve unfavorable moire and will not affect a 3D display effect. 
     Apparently, those skilled into the art can make various changes and transformations to the embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure. In this case, if these changes and transformations of the embodiments of the present disclosure fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents of the present disclosure, the present disclosure also intends to include these changes and transformations.