Patent Publication Number: US-11033789-B2

Title: Golf club heads with cavities and inserts and related methods

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/444,298 filed Jun. 18, 2019, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/945,666 filed Apr. 4, 2018, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,363,466 issued Jul. 30, 2019, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/479,049, filed Apr. 4, 2017, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,022,601 issued Jul. 17, 2018, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/407,736, filed Oct. 13, 2016, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/318,047, filed Apr. 4, 2016. This further claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/481,503, filed Apr. 4, 2017 and U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/620,330, filed Jan. 22, 2018. The contents of all of the above-described applications are incorporated fully herein by reference. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     This disclosure relates generally to golf clubs, and relates more particularly to golf club heads with cavities and inserts. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Golf club manufacturers have designed golf club heads to accommodate the general preferences of its users as well as the individual user&#39;s golfing ability. Some golf club manufacturers also have designed golf club heads to accommodate the preferences of an individual user, such as an individual&#39;s preference for the golf club head&#39;s look and feel. Some golf club manufacturers also have designed golf club heads to accommodate other events associated with golf play. For example, some individuals dislike feeling vibrations in the golf club after hitting a golf ball. Thus, some golf club heads may be designed to lessen the undesirable vibrations during play, while maintaining elements to assist the individual with his/her game. Some golf club heads comprise an insert within a cavity of the golf club head in order to lessen the undesirable vibrations during play. However, the insert within the cavity can become dislodged within the cavity during impact. Therefore, an insert that can mechanically secure into the cavity to prevent dislodging is manufactured. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       To facilitate further description of the embodiments, the following drawings are provided in which: 
         FIG. 1  depicts a back, toe-side perspective view of a golf club head according to an embodiment. 
         FIG. 2  depicts the golf club head of  FIG. 1  along a cross-sectional line  2 - 2  in  FIG. 1  without an insert in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 3  depicts the golf club head of  FIG. 1  along a cross-sectional line  2 - 2  in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 4A  depicts a back, heel-side perspective of a first component of the insert of the golf club head of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 4B  depicts a back, heel-side perspective of a second component of the insert of the golf club head of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 5  depicts a back, toe-side perspective view of a golf club head according to another embodiment. 
         FIG. 6  depicts the golf club head of  FIG. 4  along a cross-sectional line  5 - 5  in  FIG. 5 . 
         FIG. 7A  depicts a first component of an insert of the golf club head of  FIG. 5 . 
         FIG. 7B  depicts a second component of the insert of the golf club head of  FIG. 5 . 
         FIG. 8  depicts a back, toe-side perspective view of a golf club head according to another embodiment. 
         FIG. 9  depicts the golf club head of  FIG. 8  along a cross-sectional line  7 - 7  in  FIG. 8  without an insert in  FIG. 8 . 
         FIG. 10  depicts a back, heel-side perspective of an insert of the golf club head of  FIG. 8 , according to an embodiment. 
         FIG. 11  depicts a back, heel-side perspective of an insert of the golf club head of  FIG. 8 , according to another embodiment. 
         FIG. 12  depicts a back, toe-side perspective view of a golf club head according to another embodiment. 
         FIG. 13  depicts a back, toe-side perspective of an insert of the golf club head of  FIG. 12 . 
         FIG. 14  depicts a side view of the insert of the golf club head of  FIG. 12 . 
         FIG. 15  depicts a back, toe-side perspective view of a golf club head according to another embodiment. 
         FIG. 16  depicts a back, toe-side perspective of an insert of the golf club head of  FIG. 15 . 
         FIG. 17  depicts a side view of the insert of the golf club head of  FIG. 15 . 
         FIG. 18  depicts a front view of a golf club, according to an embodiment. 
         FIG. 19  depicts a method of manufacturing a golf club head according to an embodiment of a method. 
         FIG. 20  depicts a back, toe-side perspective view of a golf club head according to another embodiment. 
         FIG. 21  depicts the golf club head of  FIG. 20  along a cross-sectional line  21 - 21  in  FIG. 20  without an insert. 
         FIG. 21A  depicts the golf club head of  FIG. 21  along a cross-sectional line  21 A- 21 A in  FIG. 21  without an insert. 
         FIG. 22  depicts a back perspective view of an insert of the golf club head of  FIG. 20 , according to an embodiment. 
         FIG. 23  depicts a front perspective view of an insert of the golf club head of  FIG. 20 , according to an embodiment. 
         FIG. 24  depicts a back perspective view of an insert of the golf club head of  FIG. 20 , according to an embodiment. 
         FIG. 25  depicts a toe-side cross-sectional view of a golf club head and insert, according to another embodiment. 
     
    
    
     For simplicity and clarity of illustration, the drawing figures illustrate the general manner of construction, and descriptions and details of well-known features and techniques may be omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the golf clubs and their methods of manufacture. Additionally, elements in the drawing figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements in the figures may be exaggerated relative to other elements to help improve understanding of embodiments of the golf club heads with cavities and related methods. The same reference numerals in different figures denote the same elements. 
     The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” and the like in the description and in the claims, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of golf club heads with cavities and related methods herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms “contain,” “include,” and “have,” and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements, but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. 
     The terms “left,” “right,” “front,” “back,” “top,” “bottom,” “side,” “under,” “over,” and the like in the description and in the claims, if any, are used for descriptive purposes and not necessarily for describing permanent relative positions. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of golf clubs and methods of manufacture described herein are, for example, capable of operation in other orientations than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. 
     “Mechanical coupling” and the like should be broadly understood and include mechanical coupling of all types. 
     The absence of the word “removably,” “removable,” and the like near the word “coupled,” and the like does not mean that the coupling, etc. in question is or is not removable. 
     DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLES OF EMBODIMENTS 
     Described herein is a golf club head that can comprise a central tuning port weight or insert (CTP) mechanically secured within a cavity of the golf club head. In many embodiments, the insert can comprise a first component and a second component, wherein the combination of the first and second component create a surface friction, or a retention lock/retention press fit to secure the insert within the cavity of the golf club head. In other embodiments, the insert comprises one component, which creates a press fit or mechanical interlock between the insert and a protrusion or other structure within the cavity of the golf club head. In some embodiments, the cavity of the golf club head can comprise one or more protrusions to receive one or more grooves of the insert. In these embodiments, the insert can be secured within the cavity by the mechanical interlock between the one or more protrusions, and one or more grooves, or alternatively a combination of an adhesive and the mechanical interlock between the one or more protrusions, and one or more grooves. The insert can comprise a softer material with a lower hardness compared to most inserts positioned within the cavity of the golf club head to maximize strikeface deflection. The insert with the softer material provides less support behind the strikeface during golf ball impacts. The hardness of the insert can range from Shore A 10 to Shore A 55. The contact area of the insert with the backface increases due to the softer insert material to provide more support behind the strikeface during golf ball impacts. The increase in contact area between the insert and backface can allow for a thinner strikeface. The lower hardness of the insert, the thinner strikeface, and the increase in contact area between the insert and the backface of the golf club head, maximizes the strikeface deflection during golf ball impacts. 
     According to one embodiment, a golf club head having a body comprises a strikeface, a backface opposite the strikeface, a heel region, a toe region opposite the heel region, a sole and a rear portion. The golf club head further comprises a cavity positioned between the rear portion and the backface. The cavity comprises a width, a rear side wall having a recess, a face side wall opposite the rear side wall, and a bottom wall. The cavity is configured to receive an insert (or CTP weight). The insert comprises a first component (or body) having a width slightly less than the width of the cavity, and a second component (or retainer) having a width greater than the width of the cavity. The first component of the insert comprises a front surface, and a back surface. The front surface of the body comprises a slot extending toward the back surface of the first component, wherein a portion of the slot is separated into one or more slots by portions of a material of the first component on the back surface of the body. The retainer of the insert is configured to be received by the first component through the one or more slots on the front surface. The retainer comprises a first edge having one or more tabs, and a second edge opposite the first edge having one or more arms, wherein the one or more arms can extend through the one or more slots. When the insert is positioned within the cavity, the one or more arms of the retainer are received within the recess on the rear side wall of the cavity and the one or more tabs of the retainer are pressed against the face side wall of the cavity. The retainer of the insert create a press fit to secure the insert within the cavity. The retainer further forms a U-shaped curve creating a retention lock against the walls of the cavity to further secure the insert. 
     According to another embodiment of the golf club head, the cavity comprises a face side wall, a rear side wall opposite the face side wall, and a bottom side wall. The bottom side wall comprises a post extending into a portion of the cavity. The cavity is configured to receive an insert having a first component (or body), and a second component (or retainer). The first component can comprise a front surface, a back surface, a top surface and a bottom surface, wherein the front surface is adjacent to the face side wall when the insert is positioned within the cavity. The first component can comprise an insert cavity positioned on the front surface to receive the retainer, and the bottom surface to receive the post. The retainer is washer-like in shape and comprises a top portion, a bottom portion, a bore, and tabs extending from the bore, planar to the top and bottom portion. The bore of the retainer is configured to receive the post when positioned within the insert cavity of the first component. When the insert is positioned within the cavity, the post is received through the bore of the retainer and extends into a portion of the insert cavity of the first component. Further, the tabs of the retainer extend in an upward curve toward the top surface of the first component, such that an upward force is created from the tabs against the post. The upward force prevents the insert from dislodging from the cavity during impact. 
     According to another embodiment of the golf club head, the cavity of the golf club head comprises a divider, separating the cavity into a first pocket and a second pocket. The divider comprises an aperture. The cavity is configured to receive an insert having a first component and a second component, wherein the first component is positioned in the first pocket, and the second component is positioned in the second pocket of the cavity. The insert further comprises an insert aperture extending the first and second component, and is concentric with the aperture of the divider of the cavity. The aperture of the divider and the insert aperture is configured to receive a fastener to compress the first component and second component of the insert together with the divider. The compression creates a surface friction between the first and second component with the divider, thereby securing the insert within the cavity of the golf club head. 
     According to another embodiment of the golf club head, the cavity of the golf club head is configured to receive an insert. The insert comprises a back surface, a front surface opposite the back surface, a heel region, a toe region opposite the heel region, a top surface, and a bottom surface opposite the top surface. The insert comprises a flex slot positioned centrally on the bottom surface of the insert. The flex slot allows for the insert to compress prior to being positioned within the cavity, such that the insert expands to its original form when positioned within the cavity. The expansion of the insert creates a press fit, which secures the insert within the cavity. The insert further comprises ribs positioned on the back surface to prevent the insert from shifting when an adhesive is applied into the cavity. The insert further still comprises a lip protruding from the top wall, perpendicular and adjacent the back surface if the insert. The insert further still comprises an undercut extending unto a portion of the insert, below and adjacent the lip of the insert to allow for more adhesive to be positioned between the cavity and the insert. 
     According to another embodiment of the golf club head, the golf club head comprises a face side wall, a rear side wall opposite the face side wall, and a bottom side wall forming the cavity. The rear side wall comprises one or more protrusions extending into a portion of the cavity. The cavity of the golf club head is configured to receive an insert. The insert comprises a back surface, a front surface opposite the back surface, a first end near a heel region of the golf club head, a second end near a toe region opposite the heel region of the golf club head, a top surface, and a bottom surface opposite the top surface. The insert comprises a groove positioned centrally on the back surface of the insert. The groove allows for the insert to be received by the one or more protrusions on the rear side wall of the golf club head. The insert further comprises one or more ribs positioned on the back surface, the first end, the second end, and the front surface to prevent the insert from shifting when an adhesive is applied into the cavity. The one or more ribs allow for the insert to compress when being positioned within the cavity. The expansion of the insert creates a press fit, which secures the insert within the cavity. The insert further comprises one or more recesses positioned on the front surface of the insert. The one or more recesses allow for a greater flow of an adhesive into the cavity and more adhesive to be positioned between the cavity and the insert. The insert further still comprises a lip protruding from the top wall, perpendicular and adjacent the back surface. The lip of the insert can act as a lever to remove the insert from the cavity during fittings and adjustments. 
     A. Locking Retainer Insert 
     1. Insert with Recess 
     Described herein is a golf club head  100  that can comprise a cavity  116 . The cavity  116  can be configured to receive an insert  140 . The cavity  116  can comprise a face side wall  120 , a rear side wall  122  opposite the face side wall  120 , and a bottom wall. The insert can comprise a first component  242  and a retainer  244 . The retainer  244  is configured to be received within the first component  242 , wherein the insert  140  is positioned within the cavity  116 , and the retainer  244  comes in contact with the face side wall  120  and the rear side wall  122  of the cavity  116 . The contact of the retainer  244  with the face side wall  120  and the rear side wall  122  during insertion results in the retainer  244  to bend and create a U-shape within the cavity  116 . The bend of the retainer  244  into the U-shaped curve creates an upward force against the face side wall  120  and the rear side wall  122 . The upward force prevents the insert  140  from dislodging out of the cavity  116  from an impact during a swing, and thus securing the insert  140  within the cavity  116 . 
     Turning to the drawings,  FIG. 1  illustrates a back, toe-side perspective view of a golf club head  100  according to an embodiment. Golf club head  100  is merely exemplary and is not limited to the embodiments presented herein. Golf club head  100  can be employed in many different embodiments or examples not specifically depicted or described herein. 
     In some embodiments, golf club head  100  can be an iron-type golf club head. In other embodiments, golf club head  100  can be another type of golf club head (e.g., a driver-type club head, a fairway wood-type club head, a hybrid-type club head, a wood-type club head, a wedge-type club head, or a putter-type club head). In some embodiments, golf club head  100  can comprise a strikeface  102 , a backface  104  opposite strikeface  102 , a heel region  106 , a toe region  108  opposite heel region  106 , a sole  112 , and a rear portion  114 . Golf club head  100  can further comprise a cavity  116  located between backface  104  and rear portion  114 . In some embodiments, golf club head  100  can comprise a hosel, which in other embodiments can be omitted. In many embodiments, rear portion  114  can be designed to look similar to a traditional muscleback iron golf club head. For example, many muscleback irons have a full back or full rear portion of a golf club head. Muscleback irons differ from non-muscleback irons in which the rear or back of the golf club head has been hollowed out to at least partially remove the muscleback, full back and/or rear portion. In some embodiments, rear portion  114  can be designed to provide a heavy or thick look to the golf club head. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 2  (which is a view of the golf club head of  FIG. 1  at cross-sectional line  2 - 2 ), the cavity  116  can comprise a face side wall  120  that can comprise a portion of the backface  104 , a rear side wall  122  opposite the face side wall  120 , and a bottom wall  124  positioned between the face side wall  120  and the rear side wall  122 . The cavity  116  can further comprise a recess  126  positioned on a portion of the face side wall  120 , the rear side wall  122 , or both the face side wall  120  and the rear side wall  122 . The recess  126  can extend from the heel region  106  to near the toe region  108  of the golf club head  100  to form a channel. In other embodiments as illustrated in  FIG. 2 , the rear side wall  122  can comprise recess  126 . In other embodiments, both the face side wall  120  and the rear side wall  122  can comprise recesses  126 . 
     The cavity  116  can further comprise a width  218 . The width  218  of the cavity  116  is the distance measured from the face side wall  120  to the rear side wall  122 . In some embodiments, the width  218  of the cavity  116  can range from 0.10 inch to 0.50 inch, 0.10 inch to 0.25 inch, 0.25 inch to 0.50 inch, 0.20 inch to 0.40 inch, 0.15 inch to 0.35 inch, or 0.30 inch to 0.45 inch. In other examples, width  218  can be at least 0.10 inch, at least 0.14 inch, at least 0.18 inch, at least 0.22 inch, at least 0.26 inch, at least 0.30 inch, a least 0.34 inch, at least 0.38 inch, at least 0.42 inch, at least 0.46 inch, or at least 0.50 inch. 
       FIG. 3  illustrates the golf club head along a cross-sectional line  2 - 2  of  FIG. 1 . In some embodiments, the cavity  116  can be configured to receive an insert  140  at least partially within cavity  116 . In other embodiments, the insert  140  complements the cavity  116  of the golf club head  100  wherein the insert  140  abuts the face side wall  120 , the rear side wall  122 , and the bottom wall  124  of the cavity  116 . In many embodiments, insert  140  can dampen vibrations on golf club head  100  after impact of a golf ball on strikeface  102 , which can improve in feel and reduce unwanted sound. Insert  140  can further lower the center of gravity of golf club head  100  for higher launch and increased inertia of golf club head  100 . In some embodiments, insert  140  can comprise a dampening vibrational material, a filler insert, a weight member, and/or a custom tuning port (CTP) weight. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 4A and 4B , the insert  140  can comprise the first component or body  242  and the second component or retainer  244 . The first component  242  can comprise a back surface  202 , a front surface  204  opposite the back surface  202 , a bottom surface  206 , a top surface  208  opposite the bottom surface  206 , a heel-region side  205 , and a toe-region side  207  opposite the heel-region side  205 . When the insert  140  is positioned within the cavity  116 , the back surface  202  of the first component  242  is configured to be adjacent to the rear side wall  122  of the golf club head  100 . 
     The first component  242  of the insert  140  further can comprise a width  212 . The width  212  of the first component  242  is the distance measured from the back surface  202  to the front surface  204 . In some examples, the width  212  of the first component  242  can be approximately equal to or slightly less than the width  218  of the cavity  116 . In some embodiments, the width  218  of the first component  242  can range from 0.10 inch to 0.50 inch, 0.10 inch to 0.25 inch, 0.25 inch to 0.50 inch, 0.20 inch to 0.40 inch, 0.15 inch to 0.35 inch, or 0.30 inch to 0.45 inch. For example, the width  218  of the first component  242  can be 0.10 inch, 0.14 inch, 0.18 inch, 0.22 inch, 0.26 inch, 0.30 inch, 0.34 inch, 0.38 inch, 42 inch, 0.46 inch, or 0.50 inch. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 4A , the first component  242  can comprise one or more slots  361  positioned on the front surface  204 , where the one or more slots  361  can extend all the way through the first component  242  toward the back surface  202 . In some embodiments, the one or more slots  361  can extend partially into the front surface  204 , leaving a portion of the first component  242  in between the one or more slots and the back surface  202 . In this exemplary embodiment, the one or more slots  361  are positioned on the front surface  204  and the back surface  202 . The one or more slots  361  can span from the heel-region side  205  to the toe-region side  207 . In many embodiments, the one or more slots  361  can span parallel to the bottom surface  206 , while in other embodiments, the one or more slots  361  can span diagonally relative to the bottom surface  206 . In some embodiments, the one or more slots  361  can be void of any material of the first component  242 . In some embodiments, the one or more slots  361  can comprise one, two, three, four, five, size, seven, or eight slots  361 . When the first component  242  is positioned within the cavity  116 , the one or more slots  361  of the back surface  202  are adjacent to the rear side wall  122  of the cavity  116  and the one or more slots  361  of the front surface  204  are adjacent to the face side wall  120 . 
     The first component  242  of the insert  140  can further comprise a ledge  210 . The ledge  210  extends from the top surface  208 , adjacent and perpendicular to the back surface  202 . The ledge  210  of the first component  242  can extend evenly from the heel-region side  205  to the toe-region side  207 , creating a straight ledge. In other embodiments, the ledge  210  can extend varying lengths from the heel-region side  205  to the toe-region side  207  of the first component  242 . For example, as illustrated in  FIG. 3 , the length of the ledge  210  increases, then decreases from the heel-region side  205  to the toe-region side  207  of the first component  242 , wherein is the length of the ledge  210  is greatest at a midpoint of the first component  242 . As illustrated in  FIG. 3 , when the insert  140  is positioned within the cavity  116 , the ledge  210  of the top surface  208  abuts against a top surface  209  of the rear portion  114 . The ledge  210  of the top surface  202  can act as a leverage ledge to allow manufacturers to remove the insert  140  from the cavity  116  during fittings or adjustments. 
     The first component  242  of the insert can further comprise a mass. The mass of the first component  242  can range from 0.02 gram to 32 grams, 0.02 gram to 0.40 gram, 0.040 gram to 0.80 gram, 0.080 gram to 3 grams, 3 grams to 9 grams, 9 grams to 15 grams, 15 grams to 21 grams, 21 grams to 27 grams, 27 grams to 32 grams, 0.02 gram to 10 grams, 10 grams to 20 grams, or 20 grams to 32 grams. For example, the mass of the first component  242  can be 0.02 grams, 0.50 grams, 1 gram, 5 grams, 10 grams, 15 grams, 20 grams, 25 grams, 30 grams, or 32 grams. 
     The retainer  244  of the insert  140  can be configured to be removably received within the one or more slots  361  positioned on the front surface  204  and the back surface  202  of the first component  242  without the use of threads. The retainer  244  of the insert  140  interlocks with the one or more slots  361  in the direction of the front surface  204  of the first component  242  to the back surface  202  of the first component  242 . The retainer  244  can be configured to be received within the first component  242  of the insert  140  without the use of threading, welding, or brazing connection means. In some embodiments, the geometry of the retainer  244  and one or more slots  361  can allow the retainer  244  to interlock with the first component  242  of the insert  140  without the use of threads. In many embodiments, the retainer  244  can be received by and/or secured within the one or more slots  361  by press-fit, co-molding, friction-fit, an adhesive, or by any suitable means. The retainer  244  of the insert  140  can comprise a first edge  214 , a second edge  216  opposite the first edge  214 , a top surface  213 , and a bottom surface  215  opposite the top surface  213 . In some embodiments, the first edge  214  of the retainer  244  is a flat surface. In other embodiments, the first edge  214  can comprise one or more tabs  353  extending from the flat surface of the first edge  214 . In many embodiments when the insert  140  is positioned within the cavity  116 , the one or more tabs  353  of the retainer  244  are adjacent to and contact the face side wall  120 . In other embodiments, the one or more tabs  353  can be received into a recess (not shown) on the face side wall  120  of the cavity  116  to help secure the insert  140  within the cavity  116 . 
     The second edge  216  of the retainer  244  can comprise one or more arms  351  extending from the second edge  216 . When the retainer  244  is positioned within the slot  361  of the body  242 , the one or more arms  351  of the retainer  244  is configured to be received within the one or more slots  361 . When the insert  140  is positioned within the cavity  116 , the one or more arms  351  are adjacent to and contact the rear side wall  122  of the cavity  116 . In some embodiments as illustrated in  FIG. 3 , the one or more arms  351  can be further received into the recess  126  on the rear side wall  122  of the cavity  116  to help secure the insert  140  within the cavity  116 . In some embodiments, the one or more arms  351  can comprise one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight arms  351 . In many embodiments, the number of arms  351  can correspond to the number of slots  361 . In many embodiments as illustrated in  FIGS. 4A and 4B , the retainer  244  can comprise the same number of arms  351  as the number of slots  361  of the first component  242 . 
     The retainer  244  can further comprise a width  346 . The width  346  of the retainer  244  is the distance measured from the first edge  214  (or tabs  353 ) to an edge of the arm  351 . In some embodiments, the width  346  of the retainer  244  can range from 0.10 inch to 0.60 inch, 0.10 inch to 0.30 inch, 0.30 inch to 0.60 inch, 0.20 inch to 0.44 inch, 0.15 inch to 0.35 inch, or 0.35 inch to 0.55 inch. In other examples, width  346  can be 0.10 inch, 0.12 inch, 0.14 inch, 0.16 inch, 0.18 inch, 0.20 inch, 0.22 inch, 0.24 inch, 26 inch, 0.28 inch, 0.30 inch, 0.32 inch, 0.34 inch, 36 inch, 0.38 inch, 0.40 inch, 0.42 inch, 0.44 inch, 0.46 inch, 0.48 inch, 0.50 inch, 0.52 inch, 0.54 inch, 0.56 inch, 0.58 inch, or 0.60 inch. The width  346  of the second component  244  can be equal to, or greater than the width  212  of the first component  242 . 
     The retainer  244  can further comprise a thickness  245  measured from the top surface  213  of the retainer  244  to the bottom surface  215  of the retainer. In some embodiments, the thickness  245  of the retainer  244  can range from 0.0002 inch (0.00508 mm) to 0.400 inch (10.16 mm). In other embodiments, the thickness  245  can range from 0.010 inch (0.254 mm) to 0.20 inch (5.08 mm). In some examples, the thickness  245  of the retainer  244  can be approximately 0.001 inch (0.0254 mm), 0.002 inch (0.0508 mm), 0.003 inch (0.0762 mm), 0.004 inch (0.1016 mm), 0.005 inch (0.127 mm), 0.006 inch (0.1524 mm), 0.007 inch (0.1778 mm), 0.008 inch (0.2032 mm), 0.009 inch (0.2286 mm), 0.01 inch (0.254 mm), 0.02 inch (0.508 mm), 0.03 inch (0.762 mm), 0.04 inch (1.016 mm), 0.05 inch (1.27 mm), 0.06 inch (1.524 mm), 0.07 inch (1.778 mm), 0.08 inch (2.032 mm), 0.09 inch (2.286 mm), 0.1 inch (2.54 mm), 0.2 inch (5.08 mm), 0.3 inch (7.62 mm), 0.35 inch (8.89 mm), or 0.40 inch (10.16 mm). 
     The retainer  244  can further comprise a mass. The mass of the retainer  244  can range from 0.02 gram to 0.15 gram, 0.02 gram to 0.07 gram, 0.07 gram to 0.15 gram, 0.02 gram to 0.06 gram, 0.04 gram to 0.08 gram, 0.06 gram to 0.10 gram, 0.07 gram to 0.12 gram, or 0.08 gram to 0.015 gram. For example, the mass of the retainer  244  can be 0.02 gram, 0.04 gram, 0.06 gram, 0.08 gram, 0.10 gram, 0.12 gram, 0.14 gram, or 0.15 gram. 
     In many embodiments, the insert, comprising the combination of the first component  242  and the retainer  244  can comprise a mass. The mass of the insert  140  can range from 0.5 gram to 36 grams, 0.5 gram to 4 grams, 4 grams to 8 grams, 8 grams to 12 grams, 12 grams to 16 grams, 16 grams to 20 grams, 20 grams to 24 grams, 24 grams to 28 grams, 28 grams to 32 grams, 32 grams to 36 grams, 4 grams to 16 grams, 16 grams to 24 grams, or 24 grams to 32 grams. For example, the mass of the insert  140  can be 0.02 grams, 0.50 grams, 1 gram, 5 grams, 10 grams, 15 grams, 20 grams, 25 grams, 30 grams, or 36 grams. 
     To mate the first component  242  and the retainer  244  together to form the insert  140 , the retainer  244  can be positioned within the one or more slots  361  of the first component  242  through the front surface  204  of the first component  242 , wherein the one or more arms  351  is received within the one or more slots  361 . In some embodiments, an end of the one or more arms  351  can be flush with the back surface  202  of the first component  242 . In other embodiments as illustrate in  FIG. 3 , the width  346  of the retainer  244  is greater than the width  212  of the first component  242 , such that the one or more arms  351  extends past the back surface  202  of the first component  242 . In this embodiment, the one or more arms  351  can be received within the recess  126  of the rear side wall  122  of the cavity  116  when the insert  140  is positioned within the cavity  116  to help secure the insert  140  within the cavity  116 . 
     In many embodiments, the one or more arms  351  can evenly distribute a stiffness of the second component  244  across a length of the second component  244 . In some embodiments, the one or more arm  351  can evenly distribute a weight of the second component  244  across the length of the second component  244 . In many embodiments, a minimum width  357  of each of the one or more arm  351  can be approximately the same as the thickness  245  of the second component  244 . In other embodiments, the minimum width  357  of the one or more arms  351  can be approximately twice or three times the thickness  245  of the second component  244 . 
     In some embodiments, when the insert  140  is positioned within the cavity  116 , the second component  244  can be in contact with at least a portion of the cavity  116  of the golf club head  100 . In some embodiments, the second component  244  can be in contact with at least two portions of the cavity  116  of the golf club head  100 . In some embodiments, the one or more tabs  353  can be in contact with the face side wall  120  of the cavity  116 , and the one or more arms  351  can be in contact with the rear side wall  122 . In many embodiments, when the retainer  244  is in contact with the portion of the cavity  116  of the golf club head  100 , the contact point(s) can provide further tension and/or friction to secure the insert  140  within the cavity  116 . In some embodiments, an adhesive can be used to assist with securing the insert  140  within the cavity  116 . In some embodiments, no adhesive is used to secure or assist in securing the insert  140  within the cavity  116 . 
     In some embodiments, when the insert  140  is positioned within the cavity  116 , the one or more arms  351  of the retainer  244  are received within the recess  126  of the rear side wall  122  of the cavity  116 , and the one or more tabs  353  press against or abut the face side wall  120  of the cavity  116 . Accordingly, the retainer  244  bends the retainer into a U-shape curve, as illustrate in  FIG. 3 . In other embodiments, the cavity  116  can be void of the recess  126 , and the width  346  of the retainer  244  can be greater than the width  218  of cavity  116 . In this embodiment, when the insert  140  is positioned within the cavity  116 , the one or more tabs  353  press against or abut the face side wall  120  and the one or more arms  351  press against or abut the rear side wall  122 , such that the retainer  244  bends into a U-shape curve. In these embodiments, the U-shape curve of the retainer  244  creates an upward force against the face and rear side wall  120  and  122  to prevent dislodging of the insert  140  out of the cavity  116  during impact. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 3 , in embodiments wherein the width  346  of the retainer  244  is greater than the width  218  of the cavity  116 , the retainer  244  forms an arcuate shape (U-shape curve) when positioned within the cavity  116 . The sagitta distance  247  is the height of an arcuate shape. When the insert  140  is positioned within the cavity, the height of the arcuate shape is measured perpendicular from the first edge  214  of the retainer  244  to a midpoint of the arch  252  of the retainer  244 . 
     In some embodiments, the sagitta distance  247  of the second component  224  can be approximately 5 percent (%) to approximately 25% of the width  218  of the cavity  116 . In some embodiments, sagitta distance  247  can be approximately 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, or 25% of the width  218  of the cavity  116 . According to one example, when the width  218  of the cavity  116  is approximately 0.20 inch (5.08 mm), sagitta distance  247  can range from 0.01 inch (0.254 mm) to approximately 0.05 inch (1.27 mm). For example, the sagitta distance  247  can be 0.01 inch (0.254 mm), 0.015 inch (0.381 mm), 0.02 inch (0.508 mm), 0.025 inch (0.635 mm), 0.030 inch (0.762 mm), 0.035 inch (0.889 mm), 0.040 inch (1.016 mm), 0.045 inch (1.143 mm), or 0.05 inch (1.27 mm). 
     In many embodiments, the retainer  244  of insert  140  can comprise a plastically deformable material. In some embodiments, the plastically deformable material of the retainer  244  can comprise metal, shim stock, steel, aluminum, copper, other suitable metals, metal alloy, plastic, or composite material. In other embodiments, the retainer  244  can comprise an elastically deformable material or a shape memory metal or metal alloy, such as nickel titanium. In some embodiments, a hardness of the retainer  244  can range from Shore A 55 to Shore A 70. 
     In many embodiments, the first component  242  of insert  140  can comprise elastically deformable material. For example, the elastically deformable material of the first component  242  can comprise a polymer, a urethane material, a urethane-based material, an elastomer material, a thermoplastic material, a composite, other suitable types of material, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the elastically deformable material of the first component  242  of insert  140  can further comprise a thermoplastic elastomer or a thermoplastic polyurethane mixed with powdered metals. In many embodiments, the powdered metals can be used to vary the weighting properties of insert  140 . 
     In some embodiments, the material of the first component  242  and the material of the retainer  244  can be different from one another. In other embodiments, the material of the first component  242  and the material of the retainer  244  can comprise the same material. 
     In some embodiments, the material of the first component  242  and the material of the retainer  244  can each be denser than a material of the golf club head  100 . In other embodiments, the material of the first component  242  and the material of the retainer  244  can be the same density or less dense than the material density of golf club head  100 . 
     2. Insert with Post 
     Described herein is a golf club head  400  that can comprise a cavity  416 . As described below, the cavity  416  can be configured to receive an insert  440 . The cavity  416  can comprise a face side wall  420 , a rear side wall  422  opposite the face side wall  420 , a bottom wall  424 , and a post  519  extending from the bottom wall  424 . The insert  440  can comprise a first component  542 , and a retainer  544 . The first component  542  is configured to receive the retainer  544 . The retainer  544  is washer-like in shape, and can comprise a bore  568  and tabs  658  extending planar from the bore  568 . When the insert  440  is positioned within the cavity  416 , the post  519  of the cavity  416  is configured to be received within the bore  568 , pushing up the tabs  648  of the retainer  544 . The upward orientation of the tabs  648  create an upward force against the post  519 . The upward force on the post  519  by the tabs  648  secures the insert  440  within the cavity  416 . The abutment of the surfaces of the insert  440  against the walls of the cavity  416  creates a press fit, which further prevents the insert  440  from dislodging during an impact. 
       FIG. 5  illustrates a golf club head  400 , which can be similar to golf club head  100  of  FIG. 1 . In some embodiments, golf club head  400  can be an iron-type golf club head. In other embodiments, golf club head  400  can be another type of golf club head (e.g., a driver-type club head, a fairway wood-type club head, a hybrid-type club head, a wood-type club head, a wedge-type club head, or a putter-type club head). In some embodiments, golf club head  400  can comprise a strikeface  402 , a backface  404  opposite strikeface  402 , a heel region  406 , a toe region  408  opposite heel region  406 , a sole  412 , and a rear portion  414 . Golf club head  400  can further comprise a cavity  416  located between backface  404  and rear portion  414 . In some embodiments, golf club head  400  can comprise a hosel, which in other embodiments can be omitted. In many embodiments, rear portion  414  can be designed to look similar to a traditional muscleback iron golf club head. For example, many muscleback irons have a full back or full rear portion of a golf club head. Muscleback irons differ from non-muscleback irons in which the rear or back of the golf club head has been hollowed out to at least partially remove the muscleback, full back and/or rear portion. In some embodiments, rear portion  414  can be designed to provide a heavy or thick look to the golf club head. 
     Illustrated in  FIG. 6  is a view of the golf club head in  FIG. 5  from the cross-sectional line  5 - 5 . The cavity  416  can comprise a face side wall  420  that can comprise a portion of the backface  404 , a rear side wall  422  opposite the face side wall  420 , and a bottom wall  424  positioned between the face side wall  420  and the rear side wall  422 . 
     The cavity  416  of the golf club head  400  can further comprise a width  418 . The width  418  of the cavity  416  is the distance measured from the face side wall  420  to the rear side wall  422 . In some embodiments, the width  418  of the cavity  416  can from 0.10 inch to 0.50 inch, 0.10 inch to 0.25 inch, 0.25 inch to 0.50 inch, 0.20 inch to 0.40 inch, 0.15 inch to 0.35 inch, or 0.30 inch to 0.45 inch. For example, the width  418  of the cavity  416  can be 0.10 inch, 0.14 inch, 0.18 inch, 0.22 inch, 0.26 inch, 0.30 inch, 0.34 inch, 0.38 inch, 42 inch, 0.46 inch, or 0.50 inch. 
     The cavity  416  of the golf club head  400  can further comprise a post  519  extending from the bottom wall  424 , but can be any shape (e.g., cylinder, square, rectangle, rhombus, etc.). The post  519  can also be referred to as a rod. In some embodiments, the post  519  extends from a center of the bottom wall  424  in between the face side wall  420  and the rear side wall  424 , as well as in between the heel region  406  and the toe region  408 . In other embodiments, the post  519  can extend anywhere from the bottom wall  424 . For example, the post  519  can extend from the bottom wall  424  near the toe region  408 , near the heel region  406 , near the face side wall  420 , near the rear side wall  422 , or any other location on the bottom wall  424 . In some embodiments, the cavity  416  can comprise more than one post  519 . In some embodiments, the cavity  416  can comprise one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, or eight posts  519 . 
     In other embodiments, where there is a void in the rear portion  414 , the post  519  can extend from the face side wall  420  of the cavity  416 . In some embodiments, the post  519  extending from the face side wall  420  can be positioned centrally, near the hee region  406 , or near the toe region  408 . In some embodiments, the cavity  416  can comprise more than one post  519 . In some embodiments, the cavity  416  can comprise one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, or eight posts  519 . For one example, one post  519  can extend from the face side wall  420  near the heel region  406 , and a second post can extend from the face side wall  430  near the toe region  408 . 
     The post  519  can comprise a post height  543 . The post height  543  is measured as the distance the post  519  extends into the cavity  416  from the bottom wall  424 . In some embodiments, the post height  543  can range from 0.12 inch to 0.40 inch, 0.12 inch to 0.15 inch, 0.15 inch to 0.20 inch, 0.20 inch to 0.25 inch, 0.25 inch to 0.30 inch, 0.030 inch to 0.35 inch, 0.35 inch to 0.40 inch, 0.15 inch to 0.25 inch, or 0.30 inch to 40 inch. For example, the post height  543  can be 0.12 inch, 0.13 inch, 0.14 inch, 0.15 inch, 0.16 inch, 0.17 inch, 0.18 inch, 0.19 inch, 0.20 inch, 0.21 inch, 0.22 inch, 0.23 inch, 0.24 inch, 0.25 inch, 0.26 inch, 0.27 inch, 0.28 inch, 0.29 inch, 0.30 inch, 0.31 inch, 0.32 inch, 0.33 inch, 0.34 inch, 0.35 inch, 0.36 inch, 0.37 inch, 0.38 inch, 0.39 inch, or 0.40 inch. 
     The post  519  can further comprise a diameter  545 . The diameter  545  of the post  519  can range from 0.050 inch to 0.115 inch, 0.050 inch to 0.065 inch, 0.065 inch to 0.80 inch, 0.080 inch to 0.095 inch, 0.095 inch to 0.110 inch, 0.105 inch to 0.115 inch, 0.065 inch to 0.095 inch, or 0.095 inch to 0.115 inch. For example, the diameter  545  of the post  519  can be 0.050 inch, 0.060 inch, 0.070 inch, 0.080 inch, 0.090 inch, 0.10 inch, or 0.115 inch. 
     In many embodiments, cavity  416  can be configured to receive an insert  440 . In many embodiments, the insert  440  can be similar to the insert  140  ( FIGS. 1, 3, 4A and 4B ). The insert  440  can comprise the first component or body  542 , and the second component or retainer  544 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 7A , the first component  542  can comprise a back surface  550 , a front surface  552  opposite the back surface  550 , a bottom surface  554 , a top surface  556  opposite the bottom surface  554 , a heel-region side, and a toe-region side opposite the heel-region side. When the insert  440  is positioned within the cavity  416 , the back surface  550  of the first component  542  is configured to be adjacent the rear side wall  422  of the cavity  416 . 
     The first component  542  of the insert  440  can further comprise a width  562 . The width  562  is the distance measured from the back surface  550  to the front surface  552 . In some examples, the width  562  of the first component  542  can be approximately equal to or slightly less than the width  418  of the cavity  416 . In other embodiments, the width  562  of the first component  542  can range from 0.10 inch to 0.50 inch, 0.10 inch to 0.25 inch, 0.25 inch to 0.50 inch, 0.20 inch to 0.40 inch, 0.15 inch to 0.35 inch, or 0.30 inch to 0.45 inch. In other examples, width  562  of the first component  542  can be at least 0.10 inch, at least 0.14 inch, at least 0.18 inch, at least 0.22 inch, at least 0.26 inch, at least 0.30 inch, a least 0.34 inch, at least 0.38 inch, at least 0.42 inch, at least 0.46 inch, or at least 0.50 inch. According to one embodiment, the width  562  of the first component  542  is 0.2 inch. 
     In some embodiments, the front surface  552  of the first component  542  can comprise an insert cavity  558  extending into a portion of the first component  542  configured to receive the retainer  544  of the insert. In other embodiments, the bottom surface  554  of the first component  542  can comprise the insert cavity  558  configured to receive the post  519  of the cavity  416 . In other embodiments, the first component  542  can comprise the insert cavity  558  on the front surface  552  and the bottom surface  554  of the first component  542  configured to receive both the retainer  544  and the post  519 . In some embodiments, the insert cavity  558  can comprise a cross-sectional shape complementary to a cross-sectional shape of the post  519  of the cavity  416 . In other embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the insert cavity  558  can comprise a complementary cross-sectional shape of the post  519  and the retainer  544  together, wherein the insert cavity  558  can be configured to receive both the post  519  and the retainer  544 . In other embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the post cavity  558  can be different from the cross-sectional shape of the post  519  and the second component  544  together. In other embodiments, the front surface  552  and bottom surface  554  of the first component  542  can comprise one, two, three, or four insert cavities  558 . 
     The first component  542  of the insert  440  further can comprise a ledge  560 . The ledge  560  of the first component  542  extends from the top surface  556 , adjacent and perpendicular to the back surface  550 . The ledge  560  of the first component  542  can extend evenly from the heel-region side to the to-region side of the first component  542 , creating a straight ledge. In other embodiments, the ledge  560  can extend varying lengths from the heel-region side to the toe-region side of the first component  542 . When the insert  440  is positioned within the cavity  416 , the ledge  5610  of the top surface  556  abuts against a top surface  409  of the rear portion  414 . The ledge  560  of the top surface  556  can act as a leverage ledge to allow manufacturers to remove the insert  440  from the cavity  416  during fittings or adjustments. 
     The first component  542  of the insert can further comprise a mass. The mass of the first component  542  can range from 0.02 gram to 32 grams, 0.02 gram to 0.40 gram, 0.040 gram to 0.80 gram, 0.080 gram to 3 grams, 3 grams to 9 grams, 9 grams to 15 grams, 15 grams to 21 grams, 21 grams to 27 grams, 27 grams to 32 grams, 0.02 gram to 10 grams, 10 grams to 20 grams, or 20 grams to 32 grams. For example, the mass of the first component  542  can be 0.02 grams, 0.50 grams, 1 gram, 5 grams, 10 grams, 15 grams, 20 grams, 25 grams, 30 grams, or 32 grams. 
     The retainer  544  of the insert  440  is configured to be received by the first component  542 . The retainer  544  can be received within the first component  542  by the insert cavity  558  positioned on the front surface  552  of the first component  542 . As illustrated in  FIG. 7B , the retainer  544  can comprise a washer-like shape and includes a top surface  564 , a bottom surface  566 , and a bore  568 . 
     When the insert  440  is positioned within the cavity  416 , the bore  568  of the retainer  544  is configured to receive the post  519  of the cavity. The bore  568  can comprise a tab  648 . The tab  648  can be one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, or eight tabs  648 . In these embodiments, the bore can further comprise cavities disposed between each tab  648 . In some embodiments, the tabs  648  can be positioned equidistantly from one another. In other embodiments, the tabs  648  can be spaced apart at any distance from one another. In many embodiments, the tab  648  can be orientated flush or planar with the top and bottom surfaces  564 , and  566 . In other embodiments, when the retainer  544  is positioned within the first component  542 , and the insert  440  is positioned within the cavity  416 , the cavities of the retainer  544  allow the tabs  648  to bend upward toward the top surface  556  of the first component  542  when the bore  568  receives the post  519 . The upward bend of the tabs  648  create an upward force and friction against the post  519 , forcing the retainer  544 , and thus the insert  440 , downward within the cavity  416 . The upward force and friction act like a hook on the post  519  preventing dislodging of the insert  440  during impact. 
     The retainer  544  can further comprise a thickness  645 . The thickness  645  of the retainer  544  is the distance measured from the top surface  564  to the bottom surface  566  of the retainer  544 . In some embodiments, the thickness  645  can range from 0.0002 inch to 0.400 inch. In other embodiments, the thickness  645  can range from 0.010 inch to 0.20 inch, 0.0002 inch to 0.010 inch, 0.010 inch to 0.080 inch, 0.050 inch to 0.150 inch, 0.120 inch to 0.250 inch, 0.200 inch to 0.350 inch, or 0.300 inch to 0.400 inch. For example, the thickness  645  can be 0.001 inch, 0.002 inch, 0.003 inch, 0.004 inch, 0.005 inch, 0.006 inch, 0.007 inch, 0.008 inch, 0.009 inch, 0.01 inch, 0.02 inch, 0.03 inch, 0.04 inch, 0.05 inch, 0.06 inch, 0.07 inch, 0.08 inch, 0.09 inch, 0.1 inch, 0.2 inch, 0.3 inch, 0.35 inch, or 0.4 inch. 
     The retainer  544  can further comprise a mass. The mass of the retainer  544  can range from 0.02 gram to 0.15 gram, 0.02 gram to 0.07 gram, 0.07 gram to 0.15 gram, 0.02 gram to 0.06 gram, 0.04 gram to 0.08 gram, 0.06 gram to 0.10 gram, 0.07 gram to 0.12 gram, or 0.08 gram to 0.015 gram. For example, the mass of the retainer  544  can be 0.02 gram, 0.04 gram, 0.06 gram, 0.08 gram, 0.10 gram, 0.12 gram, 0.14 gram, or 0.15 gram. 
     To form the insert  440 , the retainer  544  is positioned within the insert cavity  558  on the front surface  552  of the first component  542 . The insert  440  can be positioned within the cavity  416  of the golf club head  400 , such that the insert cavity  558  is positioned on the bottom surface  554  of the first component  542  receives the post  519  of the cavity  416 . The post  519  extends through the insert cavity  558  of the first component  542  and through the bore  568  of the retainer  544 . The front surface  552  of the first component  542  abuts the face side wall  420  of the cavity  416 , and the back surface  550  of the first component  542  abuts against the rear side wall  422  of the cavity  416 , wherein the abutment create a press fit, further securing the insert  440  from dislodging during impact. In some embodiments, an adhesive can be used to assist in securing insert  440  in cavity  416 . In other embodiments, no adhesive is used to secure or assist in securing insert  440  in cavity  416 . 
     In a number of embodiments, the retainer  544  can be contact with at least a portion of the cavity  416  of the golf club head  400 . In many embodiments, the retainer  544  is not in contact with the face side wall  420  of the cavity  416 . Rather, the retainer  544  can be in contact with post  519 . 
     In other embodiments, the insert  440  can comprise a first component  542 , a retainer  544 , and a third component, wherein the third component can be similar to the retainer  544 . In these and other embodiments, the third component can comprise a washer-like shape, similar to the retainer  544 . In many embodiments, at least a portion of the post  519  can be in contact with the third component, and the retainer  544  within the insert cavity  558 . In some embodiments, the retainer  544  can be the same size as the third component. In other embodiments, the retainer  544  can be greater in size than the third component, or less in size than the third component. In other embodiments, the retainer  544  and the third component can comprise a different shape from one another. 
     In other embodiments, the first component  542  of the first insert can comprise more than one insert cavity  558 , to be positioned within the cavity  416  comprising more than one post  519 . In many embodiments, the number and position of the insert cavities  558  can correspond with the number posts  519  of the cavity  416 . In other embodiments, the number of posts  519  of the cavity  416  can be less than the number of insert cavities  558  of the first component  542 . 
     In many embodiments, the combination of the first component  542  and the retainer  544  combined forming the insert  440  can comprise a mass. The mass of the insert  440  can range from 0.5 gram to 36 grams, 0.5 gram to 4 grams, 4 grams to 8 grams, 8 grams to 12 grams, 12 grams to 16 grams, 16 grams to 20 grams, 20 grams to 24 grams, 24 grams to 28 grams, 28 grams to 32 grams, 32 grams to 36 grams, 4 grams to 16 grams, 16 grams to 24 grams, or 24 grams to 36 grams. For example, the mass of the insert  440  can be 0.02 grams, 0.50 grams, 1 gram, 5 grams, 10 grams, 15 grams, 20 grams, 25 grams, 30 grams, or 36 grams. 
     In many embodiments, the first component  542  of the insert  440  of  FIG. 6  can further comprise an elastically deformable material and can be similar to the material of the first component  242  ( FIG. 4A ) of insert  140 . In many embodiments, the elastically deformable material of the first component  542  can comprise a urethane material, a urethane-based material, an elastomer material, a thermoplastic material, a composite, other suitable types of material, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the elastically deformable material of the first component  542  of insert  440  can comprise a thermoplastic elastomer or a thermoplastic polyurethane mixed with powdered metals. In many embodiments, the powdered metals can be used to vary the weighting properties of insert  440 . 
     In many embodiments, the retainer  544  of the insert  440  can comprise a plastically deformable material. In many embodiments, the plastically deformable material of the retainer  544  can be similar to the material of the retainer  244  ( FIG. 4B ) of the insert  140 . In some embodiments, the plastically deformable material of the retainer  544  can comprise metal, shim stock, steel, aluminum, copper, other metals, metal alloy, plastic, or composite material. In various embodiments, the retainer  544  can comprise an elastically deformable material or a shape memory metal or metal alloy, such as nickel titanium. In some embodiments, a hardness of the retainer  544  can be approximately Shore A 55 to Shore A 70. 
     In some embodiments, the material of the first component  542  and the material of the retainer  544  of the insert  440  can be different from one another. In other embodiments, the material of the first component  542  and the material of the retainer  544  can comprise the same material. In some embodiments, the material of the first component  542  and the material of the retainer  544  can each be denser than a material of the golf club head  400 . In other embodiments, the material of the first component  542  and the material of the retainer  544  can be the same density or less dense than the material density of the golf club head  400 . 
     B. Flex Slot Insert 
     1. Single Flex Slot 
     Described herein is a golf club head  700  that can comprise a cavity  716 , wherein the cavity  716  can be configured to receive an insert  740 . As described below, the cavity  716  can comprise a face side wall  720 , a rear side wall  722  opposite the face side wall  720 , and bottom wall  724 . The insert  740  can comprise a front surface, a back surface  754 , and a bottom surface  760 . The insert  740  can further comprise a flex slot  880  positioned on the bottom surface  760 . The flex slot  880  can compress prior to the insert  740  being positioned within the cavity  716  of the golf club head  700 . When the insert  740  is positioned in the cavity  716 , the flex slot  880  expands to its original shape, causing the front surface, back surface  754 , and bottom surface  760  of the insert  740  to abut against the face side wall  720 , rear side wall  722 , and bottom wall  724  of the cavity  716 . The abutment of the surfaces of the insert  740  to the walls of the cavity  716  create a press fit of the insert, preventing dislodging during impact. 
       FIG. 8  illustrates a golf club head  700 , which can be similar to golf club head  100  of  FIG. 1 , and the golf club head  400  of  FIG. 4 . In some embodiments, the golf club head  700  can be an iron-type golf club head. In other embodiments, the golf club head  700  can be another type of golf club head (e.g., a driver-type club head, a fairway wood-type club head, a hybrid-type club head, a wood-type club head, a wedge-type club head, or a putter-type club head). In some embodiments, the golf club head  700  can comprise a strikeface  702 , a backface  704  opposite strikeface  702 , a heel region  706 , a toe region  708  opposite heel region  706 , a sole  712 , and a rear portion  714 . The golf club head  700  can further comprise a cavity  716  located between backface  704  and rear portion  714 . In some embodiments, golf club head  700  can comprise a hosel, which in other embodiments can be omitted. In many embodiments, rear portion  714  can be designed to look similar to a traditional muscleback iron golf club head. For example, many muscleback irons have a full back or full rear portion of a golf club head. Muscleback irons differ from non-muscleback irons in which the rear or back of the golf club head has been hollowed out to at least partially remove the muscleback, full back and/or rear portion. In some embodiments, rear portion  714  can be designed to provide a heavy or thick look to the golf club head. 
     Illustrated in  FIG. 9  is a view of the golf club head  700  of  FIG. 8  at a cross-sectional line  9 - 9 . The cavity  716  seen in  FIG. 9 , along line  9 - 9  of  FIG. 8 , can be similar to the cavity  116  ( FIGS. 2 and 3 ) of the golf club head  100 , and the cavity  416  ( FIG. 6 ) of golf club head  400 . A face side wall  720  can comprise a portion of the backface  704 , a rear side wall  722  opposite the first side wall  720 , and a bottom wall  724  positioned between the first side wall  720  and the second side wall  722  forms the cavity  716 . 
     In many embodiments, cavity  716  can be configured to receive an insert  740 ,  940 . In many embodiments, insert  740 ,  940  can dampen vibrations on the golf club head  700  after impact of a golf ball on the strikeface  702 . In some embodiments, insert  740 ,  940  can comprise a filler insert, a weight member, or a custom tuning port (CTP) weight. 
       FIG. 10  illustrates insert  740 . The insert  740  can comprise a first end  750  proximate the heel region  706  of the golf club head  700 , a second end  752  proximate the toe region  708  of the golf club head  700 , a back surface  754 , a front surface opposite the back surface  754 , a top surface  758 , and a bottom surface  760  opposite the top surface  758 . When the insert  740  is positioned within the cavity  716 , the back surface  754  of the insert  740  is configured to be adjacent to the rear side wall  722  of the cavity  716 . 
     The insert  740  can further comprise a lip  882 . In many embodiments, the lip  882  can protrude from the top surface  758  of the insert  740  and extends perpendicular and adjacent relative to the back surface  754  of the insert  740 . In many embodiments, the lip  882  can extend along a portion of the insert  740 . For example, the lip  882  can extend along the first end  750 , the back surface  754 , and the second end  752 . In other embodiments, the lip  882  can extend along the first end  750 , the back end  754 , the second end  752 , the back surface  754 , the front surface, or any combination thereof. When the insert  740  is positioned within the cavity  716 , the lip  882  of the top surface  758  abuts against a top surface  709  of the rear portion  714 . The lip  882  of the top surface  758  can act as a leverage ledge to allow manufacturers to remove the insert  740  from the cavity  716  during fittings or adjustments. 
     In some embodiments, the insert  740  can comprise one, two, three, four, or five lips  882  stacked in horizontal layers on the insert  740 . In these embodiments comprising more than one lip  882 , the lip can be positioned at any location between the top surface  758 , and the bottom surface  760 . The lips  882  below the lip  882  extending from the top surface  758  are less in length than the lip  882  extending from the top surface  758 . When the insert  740  is positioned within the cavity  716 , the lip  882  extending from the top surface  758  abuts against a top surface  709  of the rear portion  714 , while the remaining lips  882  create a press fit against the walls of the cavity  716 . 
     In some embodiments wherein the insert  740  can comprise more than one lip  882 , the insert  740  can comprise an undercut (not shown) positioned between the layered lips  882 . Similar to the lip  882 , the undercut can extend into a portion of the insert  740 . For example, the one or more undercut can extend into the first end  750 , the back surface  754 , the second end  752 , the front surface, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the insert  740  can comprise one, two, three, four, or five undercuts. The undercut acts as a pocket to hold adhesives. In embodiments where the insert  740  is positioned within the cavity  716  with an adhesive, the undercut allows for more adhesive to be positioned between the insert  740  and the face and rear side wall  720  and  722  of the cavity  716  for increased security of the insert  740  from dislodging during impact. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 10 , the insert  740  can comprise a flex slot  880  extending into a portion of the bottom surface  760  of the insert  740 . In some embodiments, the flex slot  880  can be positioned centrally on the bottom surface  760  in between the first end  750  and the second end  752 . In other embodiments, the flex slots  880  can be positioned near the first end  750  or near the second end  752 . The flex slot  880  can comprise a triangular shape. In other embodiments, the flex slot  880  can comprise any shape such as a square, a rectangle, a circle, a pentagon, or etc. In some embodiments, the insert  740  can comprise one, two, three, four, five or six flex slots  880 . In these embodiments, the flex slots  880  can be spaced equidistant from one another; while in other embodiments, the flex slots  880  can be spaced any distance from one another. In some embodiments, the flex slot  980  allow the insert  740  to bend prior to being inserted within cavity  716 , such that, when insert  740  is positioned within the cavity  716 , insert  740  can return to its original shape. When the insert  740  returns to its original shape, a force is exerted on the toe-side wall of cavity  716  and on the heel-side wall of cavity  716  in order to secure insert  740  within cavity  716 . 
     The insert  740  can further comprise a rib  886 . The rib  886  can be positioned on the back surface  754  of the insert  740 . In other embodiments, the rib  886  can be positioned onto the front surface of the insert  740 , or a combination of the back surface  754  and the front surface. The rib  886  can be further positioned near the first end  750  or near the second end  752 . Further, the rib  886  can be orientated perpendicular (straight up and down) relative to the top surface  758  of the insert  740 . In other embodiments, the rib  886  can be orientated at different angles relative to top surface  758 . The insert  740  can comprise one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or ten ribs  886 . In these embodiments, the ribs  886  can be equidistant from one another, or spaced any distance from one another. In some embodiments, an adhesive is applied within the cavity  716  to help secure the insert  740 . In embodiments with adhesives, the rib  886  creates a press fit within the cavity  716 , thereby preventing the insert  740  from shifting within the cavity  716 . 
     In many embodiments, the insert  740  can comprise a mass. The mass of the insert  740  can range from 0.5 gram to 36 grams, 0.5 gram to 4 grams, 4 grams to 8 grams, 8 grams to 12 grams, 12 grams to 16 grams, 16 grams to 20 grams, 20 grams to 24 grams, 24 grams to 28 grams, 28 grams to 32 grams, 32 grams to 36 grams, 4 grams to 16 grams, 16 grams to 24 grams, or 24 grams to 32 grams. For example, the mass of the insert  740  can be 0.02 grams, 0.50 grams, 1 gram, 5 grams, 10 grams, 15 grams, 20 grams, 25 grams, 30 grams, or 36 grams. 
     In some embodiments, insert  740  can comprise a material denser than a material of the body of the golf club head  700 . In other embodiments, the material of insert  740  can be the same density or less dense than the material of body of the golf club head  700 . In a number of embodiments, the material of insert  740  can comprise an elastically deformable material and can be similar to the first component  242  ( FIG. 4A ) of the insert  140 , or the first component  542  ( FIG. 7A ) of the insert  440 . In many embodiments, the elastically deformable material of the insert  740  can comprise a polymer, a urethane material, a urethane-based material, an elastomer material, a thermoplastic material, other suitable types of material, a composite, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the material of the insert  740  can comprise a thermoplastic elastomer or a thermoplastic polyurethane mixed with powdered metals. In many embodiments, the powdered metals can be used to vary the weighting properties of the insert  740 . 
     2. Multiple Flex Slots 
     Described herein is the golf club head  700  that can comprise the cavity  716 , wherein the cavity  716  can be configured to receive an insert  940 . As described above, the cavity  716  can comprise the face side wall  720 , the rear side wall  722  opposite the face side wall  720 , and the bottom wall  724 .  FIG. 11  illustrates insert  940 , which can be similar to insert  740 . The insert  740  can comprise a front surface, a back surface  954 , and a bottom surface  960 . The insert  940  can further comprise two flex slots  980  positioned on the bottom surface  960 , with one flex slot  980  near the first end  950  of the insert  940  and a second flex slot  980  near the second end  952  of the insert  940 . The flex slots  980  can compress prior to the insert  940  being positioned within the cavity  716  of the golf club head  700 . When the insert  940  is positioned in the cavity  716 , the flex slots  980  expands to its original shape, causing the front surface, the back surface  954  and the bottom surface  960  of the insert  940  to abut against the face side wall  720 , rear side wall  722 , and bottom wall  724  of the cavity  716 . The abutment of the surfaces of the insert  940  to the walls of the cavity  716  create a press fit of the insert, preventing dislodging during impact. 
     The insert  940  can comprise a first end  950  proximate the heel region  706 , a second end  952  proximate the toe region  708 , a back surface  954 , a front surface, a top surface  958 , and a bottom surface  960 . When the insert  940  is positioned within the insert  716 , the back surface  954  is configured to be adjacent to the rear side wall  722  of the cavity  716 . 
     The insert  940  can comprise a lip  982 . In some examples, the lip  982  can protrude from the top surface  958  of the insert  940 , and extend perpendicular and adjacent relative to the back surface  954  of the insert  940 . In many embodiments, the lip  982  can extend along a portion of the insert  940 . For example, the lip  982  can extend along the first end  950 , the back surface  954 , and the second end  952 . In other embodiments, the lip  982  can extend along the first end  950 , the front end  954 , the second end  952 , the back surface  954 , the front surface, or any combination thereof. When the insert  940  is positioned within the cavity  716 , the lip  982  of the top surface  958  abuts against a top surface  709  of the rear portion  714 . The lip  982  of the top surface  958  can act as a leverage ledge to allow manufacturers to remove the insert  940  from the cavity  716  during fittings or adjustments. 
     In some embodiments, the insert  940  can comprise one, two, three, four, or five lips  982  stacked in horizontal layers on the insert  940 . In these embodiments comprising more than one lip  982 , the lip can be positioned at any location between the top surface  958 , and the bottom surface  960 . The lips  982  below the lip  982  extending from the top surface  958  are less in length than the lip  982  extending from the top surface  958 . When the insert  940  is positioned within the cavity  716 , the lip  982  extending from the top surface  958  abuts against a top surface  709  of the rear portion  714 , while the remaining lips  982  create a press fit against the walls of the cavity  716 . The press fit created by the remaining lips  982  help secure the insert  940  within the cavity  716  of the golf club head  700 . 
     In some embodiments wherein the insert  940  can comprise multiple lips, the insert can further comprise an undercut  984 . In many embodiments, the undercut  984  of the insert  940  can be positioned between two lips  982  extending from the top surface  958 . In other embodiments, the undercut  984  is positioned in between two lips  982 . Similar to the lip  982 , the undercut  984  can extend along a portion of the insert  940 . For example, the undercut  984  can extend along the first end  950 , the back surface  954 , and the second end  952 . In other embodiments, the undercut  984  can extend along the first end  950 , the back surface  954 , the second end  952 , the front surface, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the insert  940  can comprise one, two, three, four, or five undercuts  984 . In embodiments wherein the insert  940  is positioned within the cavity  716  with an adhesive, the undercut  984  acts as a pocket, allowing for more adhesive to be positioned between the insert  940  and the face and rear side wall  720 , and  722  of the cavity  716  for increased security of the insert  940  from dislodging during impact. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 11 , the insert  940  can comprise two flex slots  980  extending into a portion of the bottom surface  960 . One of the two flex slots  980  is positioned on the bottom surface  960  near the first end  950 , while the second of the two flex slots  980  is positioned on the bottom surface  960  near the second end  952 . In other embodiments, the flex slot  980  can be positioned centrally on the bottom surface  960 , near the first end  950 , or near the second end  952 . Further illustrated in  FIG. 11 , the flex slots  980  can comprise a triangular shape. In other embodiments, the flex slot  980  can comprise any shape such as a triangle, a square, a rectangle, a circle, a pentagon, or any other shape. In other embodiments, the insert  940  can comprise one, two, three, four, five or six flex slots  980 . In these embodiments, the flex slots  980  can be spaced equidistant from one another; while in other embodiments, the flex slots  980  can be spaced any distance from one another. In some embodiments, the flex slot  980  allow the insert  940  to bend prior to being inserted within cavity  716 , such that, when insert  940  is positioned within the cavity  716 , insert  940  can return to its original shape. When the insert  940  returns to its original shape, a force is exerted on the toe-side wall of cavity  716  and on the heel-side wall of cavity  716  in order to secure insert  940  within cavity  716 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 11 , the insert  940  can further comprise a rib  986 . In some embodiments, the rib  986  can be positioned onto the back surface  954  of the insert  940 . In other embodiments, the rib  986  can be positioned on the front surface of the insert, or a combination of the back surface  954  and the front surface. The rib  986  can be further positioned near the first end  950 , near the second end  952 , or centered. Further, as illustrated in  FIG. 11 , the rib  986  is orientated perpendicular (straight up and down) relative to the top surface  958  of the insert  940 . In other embodiments, the rib  986  can be orientated at an angle relative to the top surface  958  (e.g., 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees, 75 degrees, etc.). The insert  940  can comprise one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or ten ribs  986 . In these embodiments, the ribs  986  can be equidistant from one another, or spaced any distance from one another. In embodiments wherein an adhesive is applied within the cavity  716  to help secure the insert  940 , the at least one rib  986  creates a press fit, thereby preventing the insert  940  from shifting within the cavity  716 . 
     In many embodiments, the insert  140  can comprise a mass. The mass of the insert  940  can range from 0.5 gram to 36 grams, 0.5 gram to 4 grams, 4 grams to 8 grams, 8 grams to 12 grams, 12 grams to 16 grams, 16 grams to 20 grams, 20 grams to 24 grams, 24 grams to 28 grams, 28 grams to 32 grams, 32 grams to 36 grams, 4 grams to 16 grams, 16 grams to 24 grams, or 24 grams to 32 grams. For example, the mass of the insert  940  can be 0.02 grams, 0.50 grams, 1 gram, 5 grams, 10 grams, 15 grams, 20 grams, 25 grams, 30 grams, or 36 grams. 
     In some embodiments, insert  940  can comprise a material denser than a material of the body of the golf club head  700 . In other embodiments, the material of insert  940  can be the same density or less dense than the density of the body of the golf club head  700 . In a number of embodiments, the material of insert  940  can comprise an elastically deformable material and can be similar to first component  242  ( FIG. 4A ) of inert  140 , first component  542  ( FIG. 7A ) of inert  440 , or insert  740 . In many embodiments, the elastically deformable material of insert  940  can comprise a polymer, a urethane material, a urethane-based material, an elastomer material, a thermoplastic material, other suitable types of material, a composite, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the material of insert  740  can comprise a thermoplastic elastomer or a thermoplastic polyurethane mixed with powdered metals. In many embodiments, the powdered metals can be used to vary the weighting properties of insert  940 . 
     C. Friction Retention Insert 
     1. Vertical Slit 
     Described herein is a golf club head  1200  that can comprise a cavity  1216 . As described below, the cavity  1216  can comprise a bottom wall  1218  and a side wall  1220  wherein a divider  1222  can extend from the bottom wall  1218 . The divider  1222  can comprise an aperture  1228 . The cavity  1216  is configured to receive an insert  1240 . The insert  1240  can comprise a back portion  1252 , a front portion  1262 , separated by a slit  1260 , and an insert aperture  1270  concentric through the back and front portion  1252 , and  1262 . The slit  1260  of the insert  1240  can receive the divider  1222 , wherein back portion  1252  and the front portion  1262  are positioned on either side of the divider  1222 . A fastener  1274  can be positioned through the insert aperture  1270  and the aperture  1228  of the divider  1222  to compress the insert  1240  to the divider  1222 , wherein surface friction is created between the surfaces of the insert  1240  and divider  1222 . The surface friction helps secure the insert  1240  within the cavity, and prevents dislodging. 
       FIG. 12  illustrates a golf club head  1200 , which can be similar to golf club heads  100 ,  400 , and  700 . In some embodiments, golf club head  1200  can be an iron-type golf club head. In other embodiments, the golf club head  1200  can be another type of golf club head (e.g., a driver-type club head, a fairway wood-type club head, a hybrid-type club head, a wood-type club head, a wedge-type club head, or a putter-type club head.) In some embodiments, golf club head  1200  can comprise a strikeface  1202 , a backface  1204  opposite the strikeface  1202 , a heel region  1206 , a toe region  1208  opposite the heel region  1206 , a sole  1212 , and a rear portion  1214 . The golf club head  1200  can further comprise a cavity  1216  located between the backface  1204  and rear portion  1214 . 
     The cavity  1216  can comprise a bottom wall  1218 , and a side wall  1220 . In some embodiments, the side wall  1220  is offset from the backface  1204  of the golf club head  1200 . In other embodiments, the side wall  1220  can comprise a portion of the backface  1204 . In many embodiments, the golf club head  1200  can further comprise a divider  1222  extending from the bottom wall  1218  of the cavity  1216 . The divider  1222  can extend the entire length of the cavity  1216  from the heel region  1206  toward the toe region  1208 . In other embodiments, the divider  1222  can extend a portion of the length of the cavity  1216 . The height of the divider  1222  can extend up to the height of the cavity  1216 . 
     In some embodiments, the divider  1222  can be parallel with the side wall  1220  of the cavity  1240 . In other embodiments, the divider  1222  can be orientated at an angle relative to the side wall  1220  of the cavity  1240 . The divider  1222  separates the cavity  1216  into a first pocket  1211  adjacent to the side wall  1220 , and a second pocket  1213  on the other side of the first pocket  1211 . In some embodiments where the divider  1222  is oriented at an angle relative to the side wall  1220 , the first pocket  1211  is greater in width on the toe end  1208 . In other embodiments where the divider  1222  is oriented at an angle relative to the side wall  1220 , the first pocket  1211  is greater in width on the heel end  1206 . 
     The divider  1222  can further comprise a thickness  1224 . The thickness  1224  of the divider  1222  remains constant through the length of the divider  1222  extending from the heel end  1206  toward the toe end  1208 . In other embodiments, the divider  1222  can vary in width extending from the heel end  1206  of the golf club head  1200  toward the toe end  1208  of the golf club head  1200 . The thickness  1224  of the divider  1222  can further remain constant extending from the bottom wall  1218  toward the top of the golf club head  1200 . In some embodiments, the thickness  1224  of the divider  1222  is 0.070 inch. In other embodiments, the thickness  1224  of the divider  1222  can range between 0.050 inch to 0.100 inch, 0.055 inch to 0.075 inch, 0.060 inch to 0.080 inch, 0.065 inch to 0.085 inch, 0.070 inch to 0.090 inch, or 0.075 inch to 0.095 inch. For example, the thickness  1224  of the divider  1222  can be 0.050 inch, 0.055 inch, 0.060 inch, 0.065 inch, 0.070 inch, 0.075 inch, 0.080 inch, 0.085 inch, 0.090 inch, 0.095 inch, or 0.100 inch. 
     Further, the divider  1222  can comprise an aperture  1228 . In one embodiment, the aperture  1228  is located at or near the center of the divider  1222 . In other embodiments, the aperture  1228  can be positioned at any location. For example, the aperture  1228  can be positioned near the heel region  1206 , or near the toe region  1208  of the golf club head  1200 . In other embodiments, the divider  1222  can comprise one, two, three, four, or five apertures  1228 . In these embodiments, the apertures  1228  can be positioned equidistant from one another, at any distance from one another, centered on the divider  1222 , near the heel region  1206 , near the toe region  1208 , or at any location on the divider  1222  For example, the divider  1222  can comprise one aperture near the heel region  1206 , and a second aperture near the toe region  1208 . 
     The aperture  1228  can comprise a width  1230 . In one embodiment, the width  1230  of the aperture  1228  is 0.25 inch. In other embodiments, the width  1230  of the aperture  1228  can range between 0.100 inch to 0.250 inch, 0.100 inch to 0.130 inch, 0.130 inch to 0.160 inch, 0.160 inch to 0.190 inch, 0.190 inch to 0.230 inch, or 0.230 inch to 0.250 inch. For example, the width  1230  of the aperture can be 0.100 inch, 0.125 inch, 0.150 inch, 0.175 inch, 0.200 inch, 0.225 inch, or 0.250 inch. 
     In many embodiments, the cavity  1216  can be configured to receive an insert  1240 . The insert  1240  is complementary in shape and dimensions to the cavity  1216  of the golf club head  1200 . As illustrated in  FIGS. 13 and 14 , the insert  1240  can comprise a top  1242 , a base  1244 , a first end  1246  proximate the heel region  1206 , and a second end  1248  proximate the toe region  1208 . When the insert  1240  is positioned within the cavity  1216 , the top  1242  of the insert  1240  is a horizontal planar surface extending from the first end  1246  toward the second end  1248 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 14 , the insert  1240  can further comprise a first component or back portion  1252 , and a second component or front portion  1262 . The back portion  1252  and the front portion  1262  are separated by slit  1260 . The back portion  1252  can comprise a back outer surface  1254  and a back inner surface  1256  adjacent to the slit  1260 . The front portion  1262  can comprise a front outer surface  1264  and a front inner surface  1266  adjacent to the slit  1260 . When the insert  1240  is positioned within the cavity  1216 , the front portion  1262  is positioned within the first pocket  1211 , and the back portion  1252  is positioned within the second pocket  1213 . More specifically, when the insert  1240  is positioned within the cavity  1216 , the back inner surface  1256  of the back portion  1252  and the front inner surface  1266  of the front portion  1262  abut the divider  1222 . Further, the front outer surface  1264  is adjacent to the side wall  1220  of the cavity  1216 . 
     In some embodiments, the slit  1260  can extend from the base of the insert  1240  toward the top  1242  of the insert  1240 . For example, the slit  1260  can extend from 50% to 55%, 55% to 60%, 60% to 65%, 65% to 70%, 70% to 75%, 75% to 80%, 80% to 85%, 85% to 90%, 90% to 95%, or 95% to 100% of the height of the insert  1240  from the base  1244 . 
     The slit  1260  can comprise a width  1268  measured from the front inner surface  1266  of the front portion  1262  to the rear inner surface  1556  of the back portion  1252 . In some embodiments, the width  1268  of the slit  1260  can remain constant starting from the base  1244  and extending into a portion of the insert  1240 . In other embodiments, the width  1268  of the slit  1260  can vary starting from the base  1244  and extending into a portion of the insert  1240 . For example, the width  1268  of the slit  1260  can decrease as the slit  1260  extends toward the top  1242 , increase as the slit  1260  extends toward the top  1242 , or any variation thereof as the slit  1260  extends toward the top  1242 . In some embodiments, the width  1268  of the slit  1260  can be between 0.050 inch to 0.115 inch, 0.055 inch to 0.075 inch, 0.065 inch to 0.085 inch, 0.075 inch to 0.095 inch, 0.085 inch to 0.105 inch, or 0.095 inch to 0.115 inch. For example, the width  1268  of the slit  1260  can be 0.050 inch, 0.055 inch, 0.060 inch, 0.065 inch, 0.070 inch, 0.075 inch, 0.080 inch, 0.085 inch 0.090 inch, 0.095 inch, 0.100 inch, 0.105 inch, 0.110 inch, or 0.115 inch. According to one example, the width  1268  of the slit  1260  is 0.070 inch. In embodiments where the slit  1260  extends into a portion of the insert  1240 , the width  1268  of the slit  1260  can be equal to or slightly greater than the thickness  1224  of the divider  1222 . 
     In some embodiments, the slit  1260  extends parallel to the front outer surface  1264  of the front portion  1262 . In other embodiments, the slit  1260  can extend at an angle relative to the front outer surface  1264  of the front portion  1262 . For example, when the slit  1260  extends at an angle relative to the front outer surface  1264  of the front portion  1262 , the top  1242  of the front portion  1262  can be less thick or more thick than the base  1244  of the front portion  1262 . The slit  1260  can extend up to 25 degrees toward or away from the front outer surface  1264  of the front portion  1262  of the insert  1240 . For example, the slit can be angled at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, or 25 degrees toward or away from the front outer surface  1264  of the front portion  1262 . In other embodiments, the slit  1260  can extend at an angle relative to the first end  1246 . For example, when the slit  1260  extends at an angle relative to the first end  1246 , the second end  1248  of the front portion  1262  can be less thick or more thick than the first end  1246  of the front portion  1262 . The slit  1260  can extend up to 25 degrees toward or away from the first end  1246  of the insert  1240 . For example, the slit can be angled at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, or 25 degrees toward or away from the first end  1246  of the insert  1240 . 
     The insert  1240  further can comprise an insert aperture  1270 . The insert aperture  1270  extends through the back portion  1252  and the front portion  1262 , wherein the insert aperture  1270  in the back portion  1252  is concentric with the insert aperture  1270  in the front portion  1262  of the insert  1240 . In one embodiment, the insert aperture  1270  is positioned centrally or at the midpoint between the first end  1246  and the second end  1248 , and between the top  1242  and the base  1244 . In other embodiments, the insert aperture  1270  of the insert  1240  can be positioned toward the first end  1246 , toward the second end  1248 , toward the top  1242  or toward the base  1244 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 13 , the insert  1240  can comprise one insert aperture  1270 . In other embodiments, the insert  1240  can comprise at one, two, three, four, or five insert apertures  1270 . In many embodiments, the number of insert apertures  1270  corresponds to the number of apertures  1228  of the divider  1222 . The insert aperture  1270  corresponds in location to the position of the aperture  1228  of the divider  1222 , wherein the insert aperture  1270  is concentric to the aperture  1228  of the divider  1222  when the insert  1240  is positioned within the cavity  1216 . 
     The insert aperture  1270  can comprise a diameter  1272 . According to one embodiment, the insert aperture  1270  can comprise a diameter of 0.150 inch. In other embodiments, the diameter  1272  of the insert aperture  1270  can range between 0.100 inch to 0.250 inch, 0.100 inch to 0.130 inch, 0.130 inch to 0.160 inch, 0.160 inch to 0.190 inch, 0.190 inch to 0.230 inch, or 0.230 inch to 0.250 inch. For example, the width  1230  of the insert aperture  1270  can be 0.100 inch, 0.125 inch, 0.150 inch, 0.175 inch, 0.200 inch, 0.225 inch, or 0.250 inch. In many embodiments, the diameter  1272  of the insert aperture  1270  is the same as the width  1230  of the aperture  1228  of the divider  1222 . 
     The inert  1240  can further comprise a mass. The mass of the insert  1240  can range from 0.02 gram to 32 grams, 0.02 gram to 0.40 gram, 0.040 gram to 0.80 gram, 0.080 gram to 3 grams, 3 grams to 9 grams, 9 grams to 15 grams, 15 grams to 21 grams, 21 grams to 27 grams, 27 grams to 32 grams, 0.02 gram to 10 grams, 10 grams to 20 grams, or 20 grams to 32 grams. For example, the mass of the insert  1240  can be 0.02 grams, 0.50 grams, 1 gram, 5 grams, 10 grams, 15 grams, 20 grams, 25 grams, 30 grams, or 36 grams. 
     In some embodiments, the back portion  1252  and the front portion  1262  of the insert  1240  can comprise the same mass. In other embodiments, the back portion  1252  can comprise less mass than the front portion  1262  of the insert  1240 . For example, the back portion  1252  can comprise a mass ranging from 0.02 gram to 0.80 gram, 0.080 gram to 4 grams, 4 grams to 8 grams, 8 grams to 12 grams, or 12 grams to 15 grams (e.g., 0.02 grams, 0.50 grams, 1 gram, 5 grams, 10 grams, or 15 grams), while the front portion  1262  can comprise a mass ranging from 7 grams to 32 grams, 7 grams to 15 grams, 15 grams to 18 grams, 18 grams, to 23 grams, 23 grams to 28 grams, 28 grams to 32 grams (e.g., 7 grams, 15 grams, 20 grams, 25 grams, 30 grams, or 32 grams). In other embodiments, the back portion  1252  can comprise more mass than the front portion  1262  of the insert  1240 . For example, the front portion  1262  can comprise a mass ranging from 0.02 gram to 0.80 gram, 0.080 gram to 4 grams, 4 grams to 8 grams, 8 grams to 12 grams, or 12 grams to 15 grams (e.g., 0.02 grams, 0.50 grams, 1 gram, 5 grams, 10 grams, or 15 grams), while the back portion  1252  can comprise a mass ranging from 7 grams to 32 grams, 7 grams to 15 grams, 15 grams to 18 grams, 18 grams, to 23 grams, 23 grams to 28 grams, 28 grams to 32 grams (e.g., 7 grams, 15 grams, 20 grams, 25 grams, 30 grams, or 32 grams). 
     The insert aperture  1270  can receive a fastener  1274 . The fastener  1274  can comprise a self-threaded screw, a co-molded thread, screw, rivets (solid head rivets or blind rivets) or any other type of fastener. The fastener  1274  can be one fastener  1274 , two fasteners  1274 , three fasteners  1274 , four fasteners  1274 , or five fasteners  1274 . In many embodiments, the number of fastener  1274  corresponds with the number of insert aperture  1270 . When the insert  1240  is positioned within the cavity  1216  of the golf club head  1200 , the fastener  1274  is positioned through the insert aperture  1270  located on the back portion  1252  of the insert  1240 , extends through the aperture  1228  of the divider  1222  and through the insert aperture  1270  in the front portion  1262  of the insert  1240 . 
     When the fastener  1274  positioned within the insert aperture  1270 , and the aperture  1228  of the divider  1222  helps secure and compress the insert  1240  against the divider  1222  of the cavity  1216 . The compression of the insert  1240  against the divider  1222  creates a surface friction between the back inner surface  1256  of the back portion  1252  of the insert  1240  and the front inner surface  1266  of the front portion  1262  of the insert  1240  against the divider  1222 . The combination of the fastener  1274  and surface friction prevents the insert  1240  from dislodging from the cavity  1216 , thereby securing the insert  1240  within the cavity  1216 . 
     In many embodiments, the insert  1240  can comprise a plastically deformable material. In some embodiments, the plastically deformable material of the insert  1240  can comprise metal, tungsten, aluminum, titanium, vanadium, chromium, cobalt, nickel, other metals, shim stock, steel, copper, metal alloy, plastic, or composite material. In various embodiments, insert  1240  can comprise an elastically deformable material or a shape memory metal or metal alloy, such as nickel titanium. 
     In some embodiments, the material of the front portion  1262  and the material of the back portion  1252  of the insert  1540  can be different from one another. In other embodiments, the material of the front portion  1262  and the material of the back portion  1252  can comprise the same material. In some embodiments, the material of the front portion  1262  and the material of the back portion  1252  can each be denser than a material of the golf club head  1200 . In other embodiments, the material of the front portion  1262  and the material of the back portion  1252  can be the same density or less dense than the material density of the golf club head  1200 . 
     2. Horizontal Slit 
     Described herein is a golf club head  1500  that can comprise a cavity  1516 . As described below, the cavity  1516  can comprise a bottom wall  1518  and a side wall  1520 , wherein a divider  1522  can extend from the side wall  1520 . The divider can comprise an aperture  1528 . The insert  1540  can comprise a top portion  1552 , a bottom portion  1562 , separated by a slit  1560 , and an insert aperture  1570  concentric through the top and bottom portion  1552 , and  1562 . The slit  1560  of the insert  1540  can receive the divider  1522 , wherein the top portion  1552 , and the bottom portion  1562  are positioned on either side of the divider  1522 . A fastener  1574  can be positioned through the insert aperture  1570  and the aperture  1528  of the divider  1522  to compress the insert  1540  to the divider  1522 , wherein surface friction is created between the surfaces of the insert  1540  and divider  1522 . The surface friction helps secure the insert  1540  within the cavity, and prevents dislodging. 
       FIG. 15  illustrates a golf club head  1500 , which can be similar to golf club heads  100 ,  400 ,  700 , and  1200 . In many embodiments, golf club head  1500  can be an iron-type golf club head. In other embodiments, the golf club head  1500  can be another type of golf club head, such as a driver-type club head, a fairway wood-type club head, a hybrid-type club head, a wood-type club head, a wedge-type club head, or a putter-type club head. In some embodiments, the golf club head  1500  can comprise a strikeface  1502 , a backface  1504  opposite the strikeface  1502 , a heel region  1506 , a toe region  1508  opposite the heel region  1506 , a sole  1512 , and a rear portion  1514 . The golf club head  1500  can further comprise a cavity  1516  located between the backface  1504  and the rear portion  1514 . 
     The cavity  1516  can comprise a bottom wall  1518 , and a side wall  1520 . In some embodiments, the bottom wall  1518  can be a flat planar surface; while in other embodiments, the bottom wall  1518  can be a combination or multiple planar surfaces. In some embodiments, the side wall  1520  is offset from the backface  1504  of the golf club head  1500 . In other embodiments, the side wall  1520  can comprise a portion of the backface  1504 . 
     The cavity  1516  can further comprise a divider  1522  similar to the divider  1222  of the golf club head  1200 . The divider  1522  can extend perpendicularly from the side wall  1520  of the cavity  1516 . In other embodiments, the divider  1522  can extend at an angle relative to the side wall  1520  of the cavity  1516 . The divider  1522  can extend centrally on the side wall  1520 , near the top of the side wall  1520 , or near the bottom wall  1518 . The divider  1522  can extend the entire length of the cavity  1516  from the heel region  1506  toward the toe region  1508 . In some embodiments, the divider  1522  can extend the entire length of the cavity  1516 . In other embodiments, the divider  1522  can extend a portion of the length of the cavity  15616 . The height of the divider  1522  can extend up to the width of the cavity  1516 . 
     The divider  1522  can further be orientated perpendicular to the side wall  1520  of the cavity  1516 . In other embodiments, the divider  1522  can be orientated at an angle relative to the sidewall  1520  of the cavity  1516 . The divider  1522  separates the cavity  1516  into a first pocket  1511  adjacent to the bottom wall  1518 , and a second pocket  1513  on the other side of the divider  1522 , opposite the first pocket  1211 . 
     The divider  1522  can comprise a thickness  1524 . In some embodiments, the thickness  1524  of the divider  1522  remain constant throughout the length of the divider  1522  extending from the heel end  1506  toward the toe end  1508  of the golf club head  1500 . In other embodiments, the thickness  1524  can vary throughout the length of the divider  1522  extending from the heel end  1506  toward the toe end  1508 . The thickness  1524  of the divider  1522  can further remain constant from the side wall  1520  extending away from the side wall  1520 . In some embodiments, the thickness  1524  of the divider  1522  is 0.070 inch. In other embodiments, the thickness  1524  of the divider  1522  can range between 0.050 inch to 0.100 inch, 0.055 inch to 0.075 inch, 0.060 inch to 0.080 inch, 0.065 inch to 0.085 inch, 0.070 inch to 0.090 inch, or 0.075 inch to 0.095 inch. For example, the thickness  1524  of the divider  122  can be 0.050 inch, 0.055 inch, 0.060 inch, 0.065 inch, 0.070 inch, 0.075 inch, 0.080 inch, 0.085 inch, 0.090 inch, 0.095 inch, or 0.100 inch. 
     The divider  1522  can further comprise an aperture  1528 . In one embodiment, the aperture  1528  is located at or near the center of the divider  1522 . In other embodiments, the aperture  1528  can be positioned at any location. For example, the aperture  1528  can be positioned near the heel region  1506 , or near the toe region  1508  of the golf club head  1500 . In other embodiments, the divider  1522  can comprise one, two, three, four, or five apertures  1528 . In these embodiments, the apertures  1528  can be positioned equidistant from one another, at any distance from one another, centered on the divider  1522 , near the heel region  1506 , near the toe region  1508 , or at any location on the divider  1522  For example, the divider  1522  can comprise one aperture near the heel region  1506 , and a second aperture near the toe region  1508 . 
     The aperture  1528  can further comprise a width  1530 . In one embodiment, the width  1530  of the aperture  1528  is 0.25 inch. In other embodiments, the width  1530  of the aperture  1538  can range between 0.100 inch to 0.250 inch, 0.100 inch to 0.130 inch, 0.130 inch to 0.160 inch, 0.160 inch to 0.190 inch, 0.190 inch to 0.230 inch, or 0.230 inch to 0.250 inch. For example, the width  1530  of the aperture can be 0.100 inch, 0.125 inch, 0.150 inch, 0.175 inch, 0.200 inch, 0.225 inch, or 0.250 inch. 
     In many embodiments, the cavity  1516  can be configured to receive an insert  1540 . The insert  1540  is complementary in shape and dimensions to the cavity  1516  of the golf club head  1500 . The insert  1540  is similar to the insert  1240  of the golf club head  1200 . As illustrated in  FIGS. 16 and 17 , the insert  1540  can comprise a first end  1546  proximate the heel region  1506 , a second end  1548  proximate the toe region  1508 , a back surface  1544 , a front surface  1542 , a top portion  1552  (or first component), a bottom portion  1562  (or second component), and a slit  1560  separating the top portion  1552  and bottom portion  1562 . 
     From a rear view of the insert  1540  ( FIG. 16 ), the top portion  1552  is generally rectangular in shape. The top portion  1552  of the insert  1540  can comprise a top outer surface  1554 , and a top inner surface  1556 . As illustrated in  FIG. 16 , the bottom portion  1554  is generally pentagonal in shape. The bottom portion of the insert  1540  can comprise a bottom inner surface  1566 , and a bottom outer surface  1564 . When the insert  1540  is positioned within the cavity  1516 , the bottom portion  1554  is positioned within the first pocket  1511 , and the top portion  1552  is positioned within the second pocket  1513 . More specifically, when the insert  1540  is positioned within the cavity  1516 , the top inner surface  1556  of the top portion  1552  and the bottom inner surface  1566  of the bottom portion  1562  abut the divider  1522 . 
     In some embodiments, the slit  1560  can extend from the rear surface  1542  of the insert  1540  toward the back surface  1544  of the insert  1540 . For example, the slip  1560  can extend 50% to 55%, 55% to 60%, 60% to 65%, 65% to 70%, 70% to 75%, 75% to 80%, 80% to 85%, 85% to 90%, 90% to 95%, or 95% to 100% into the insert  1540  from the front surface  1542 . 
     The slit  1560  can comprise a width  1568  measured from the top inner surface  1556  of the top portion  1552  to the bottom inner surface  1566  of the bottom portion  1562 . In some embodiments, the width  1568  of the slit  1560  can remain constant starting from the rear surface  1542  and extending into a portion of the insert  1540 . In other embodiments, the width  1568  of the slit  1560  can vary extending from the rear surface  1542  and into a portion of the insert  1540 . For example, the width  1568  can decrease, increase, or any variation thereof as the slit  1560  as the slit  1560  extends toward to the back surface  1544  of the insert  1540 . In some embodiments, the width  1568  of the slit  1560  can be between at least 0.050 inch to 0.115 inch, 0.055 inch to 0.075 inch, at least 0.065 inch to 0.085 inch, at least 0.075 inch to 0.095 inch, at least 0.085 inch to 0.105 inch, or at least 0.095 inch to 0.115 inch. For example, the width  1268  of the slit  1260  can be 0.050 inch, 0.055 inch, 0.060 inch, 0.065 inch, 0.070 inch, 0.075 inch, 0.080 inch, 0.085 inch 0.090 inch, 0.095 inch, 0.100 inch, 0.105 inch, 0.110 inch, or 0.115 inch. In many embodiments where the slit  1560  extends into a portion of the insert  1540 , the width  1568  of the slit  1560  is equal to or slightly greater than the thickness  1524  of the divider  1522 . 
     In some embodiments, the slit  1560  extends perpendicular to the rear surface  1542  of the insert  1540 . In other embodiments, the slit  1560  can extend at an angle relative to the rear surface  1542  of the insert  1540 . For example, the slit  1560  can extend up to 25 degrees toward or away from the front surface  1542  of the insert  1540 . For example, the slit can be angled at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, or 25 degrees toward or away from the front surface  1542  of the insert  1540 . 
     The insert  1540  can further comprise an insert aperture  1570 . The insert aperture  1570  extends through the top portion  1552  and the bottom portion  1562 , wherein the insert aperture  1570  in the top portion  1552  is concentric with the insert aperture  1570  in the bottom portion  1562 . In one embodiment, the insert aperture  1570  is positioned centrally or at a midpoint between the first end  1546  and the second end  1548 , and between the front surface  1542  and the back surface  1544 . In other embodiments, the insert aperture  1570  can be positioned toward the first end  1546 , toward the second end  1548 , toward the front surface  1542 , or toward the back surface  1544 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 16 , the insert  1540  can comprise one insert aperture  1570 . In other embodiments, the insert  1540  can comprise at one, two, three, four, or five insert apertures  1570 . In many embodiments, the number of insert apertures  1570  corresponds to the number of apertures  1528  of the divider  1522 . The insert aperture  1570  corresponds in location to the position of the aperture  1528  of the divider  1522 , wherein the insert aperture  1570  is concentric to the aperture  1528  of the divider  1522  when the insert  1540  is positioned within the cavity  1516 . 
     The insert aperture  1570  can comprise a diameter  1572 . According to one embodiment, the insert aperture  1570  can comprise a diameter of 0.150 inch. In other embodiments, the diameter  1572  of the insert aperture  1570  can range between 0.100 inch to 0.250 inch, 0.100 inch to 0.130 inch, 0.130 inch to 0.160 inch, 0.160 inch to 0.190 inch, 0.190 inch to 0.230 inch, or 0.230 inch to 0.250 inch. For example, the width  1530  of the insert aperture  1570  can be 0.100 inch, 0.125 inch, 0.150 inch, 0.175 inch, 0.200 inch, 0.225 inch, or 0.250 inch. In many embodiments, the diameter  1572  of the insert aperture  1570  is the same as the width  1530  of the aperture  1528  of the divider  1522 . 
     The inert  1240  can further comprise a mass. The mass of the insert  1240  can range from 0.02 gram to 32 grams, 0.02 gram to 0.40 gram, 0.040 gram to 0.80 gram, 0.080 gram to 3 grams, 3 grams to 9 grams, 9 grams to 15 grams, 15 grams to 21 grams, 21 grams to 27 grams, 27 grams to 32 grams, 0.02 gram to 10 grams, 10 grams to 20 grams, or 20 grams to 32 grams. For example, the mass of the first component  242  can be 0.02 grams, 0.50 grams, 1 gram, 5 grams, 10 grams, 15 grams, 20 grams, 25 grams, 30 grams, or 32 grams. 
     In some embodiments, the top portion  1552  and the bottom portion  1562  of the insert  1540  can comprise the same mass. In other embodiments, the top portion  1552  can comprise less mass than the bottom portion  1562  of the insert  1540 . For example, the top portion  1552  can comprise a mass ranging from 0.02 gram to 0.80 gram, 0.080 gram to 4 grams, 4 grams to 8 grams, 8 grams to 12 grams, or 12 grams to 15 grams (e.g., 0.02 grams, 0.50 grams, 1 gram, 5 grams, 10 grams, or 15 grams), while the front portion  1262  can comprise a mass ranging from 7 grams to 32 grams, 7 grams to 15 grams, 15 grams to 18 grams, 18 grams, to 23 grams, 23 grams to 28 grams, 28 grams to 32 grams (e.g., 7 grams, 15 grams, 20 grams, 25 grams, 30 grams, or 32 grams). In other embodiments, the top portion  1552  can comprise more mass than the bottom portion  1562  of the insert  1540 . For example, the bottom portion  1562  can comprise a mass ranging from 0.02 gram to 0.80 gram, 0.080 gram to 4 grams, 4 grams to 8 grams, 8 grams to 12 grams, or 12 grams to 15 grams (e.g., 0.02 grams, 0.50 grams, 1 gram, 5 grams, 10 grams, or 15 grams), while the top portion  1552  can comprise a mass ranging from 7 grams to 32 grams, 7 grams to 15 grams, 15 grams to 18 grams, 18 grams, to 23 grams, 23 grams to 28 grams, 28 grams to 32 grams (e.g., 7 grams, 15 grams, 20 grams, 25 grams, 30 grams, or 32 grams). 
     The insert aperture  1570  can receive a fastener  1574 . The fastener  1574  can comprise a self-threaded screw, a co-molded thread, screw, rivets (solid head rivets or blind rivets) or any other type of fastener. The fastener  1574  can be one fastener  1574 , two fasteners  1574 , three fasteners  1574 , four fasteners  1574 , or five fasteners  1574 . In many embodiments, the number of fasteners  1574  corresponds with the number of insert apertures  1570 . When the insert  1540  is positioned within the cavity  1516  of the golf club head  1500 , the fastener  1574  is positioned through the insert aperture  1570  located on the top portion  1552  of the insert  1740 , extends through the aperture  1528  of the divider  1522  and through the insert aperture  1570  in the bottom portion  1562  of the insert  1540 . 
     When the fastener  1574  positioned within the insert aperture  1570 , and the aperture  1528  of the divider  1522  helps secure and compress the insert  1540  against the divider  1522  of the cavity  1516 . The compression of the insert  1540  against the divider  1222  creates a surface friction between the top inner surface  1556  of the top portion  1552  of the insert  1540  and the bottom inner surface  1566  of the bottom portion  1562  of the insert  1540  against the divider  1522 . The combination of the fastener  1574  and surface friction prevents the insert  1540  from dislodging from the cavity  1516 , thereby securing the insert  1540  within the cavity  1516 . 
     In some embodiments, wherein the fastener  1274 / 1574  is a solid head rivet, a hammer or rivet gun are used to deform a shaft and head of the fastener  1274 / 1574  against the back outer surface  1254  (or top outer surface  1554 ) and front outer surface  1264  (or bottom outer surface  1564 ), which compress the insert  1240 / 1540  together with the divider  1222 / 1522 . The compression of the insert  1240 / 1540  together with the divider  1222 / 1522  create a friction between the back inner surface  1256  (or top inner surface  1556 ) and the front inner surface  1266  (or bottom inner surface  1566 ) with the divider  1222 / 1522 , securing the insert  1240 / 1540  within the cavity  1216 / 1516 . 
     In other embodiments, the fastener  1274 / 1574  is a blind rivet (or “pop” rivet). The fastener  1274 / 1574  can comprise a hollow rivet body and a mandrel positioned within the hollow rivet body. At a base of the mandrel is a lip that extends along the circumference of the mandrel. The mandrel is pulled in a direction away from the insert  1240 / 1540 , wherein the lip of the base of the mandrel compresses and flares a base of the hollow rivet body. The flare of the hollow body rivet secures the fastener  1274 / 1574  within the insert  1240 / 1540  and thus securing the insert  1240 / 1540  within the cavity  1216 / 1516 . 
     In many embodiments, the insert  1540  can comprise a plastically deformable material. In some embodiments, the plastically deformable material of the insert  1540  can comprise metal, tungsten, aluminum, titanium, vanadium, chromium, cobalt, nickel, other metals, shim stock, steel, copper, metal alloy, plastic, or composite material. In various embodiments, insert  1540  can comprise an elastically deformable material or a shape memory metal or metal alloy, such as nickel titanium. 
     In some embodiments, the material of the bottom portion  1562  and the material of the top portion  1552  of the insert  1540  can be different from one another. In other embodiments, the material of the bottom portion  1562  and the material of the bottom portion  1552  can comprise the same material. In some embodiments, the material of the bottom portion  1562  and the material of the top portion  1552  can each be denser than a material of the golf club head  1500 . In other embodiments, the material of the bottom portion  1562  and the material of the top portion  1552  can be the same density or less dense than the material density of the golf club head  1500 . 
     D. Insert with Groove and Recesses 
       FIG. 20  illustrates a golf club head  2000 , which can be similar to golf club head  100  of  FIG. 1, 400  of  FIG. 5, 700  of  FIG. 8, 1200  of  FIG. 12 , and/or  1500  of  FIG. 15 . In some embodiments, the golf club head  2000  can be an iron-type golf club head. In other embodiments, the golf club head  2000  can be another type of golf club head (e.g., a driver-type club head, a fairway wood-type club head, a hybrid-type club head, a wood-type club head, a wedge-type club head, or a putter-type club head). In some embodiments, the golf club head  2000  can comprise a strikeface  2002 , a backface  2004  opposite the strikeface  2002 , a heel region  2006 , a toe region  2008  opposite the heel region  2006 , a sole  2012 , and a rear portion  2014 . The golf club head  2000  can further comprise a face side wall  2020 , a rear side wall  2022  opposite the face side wall  2020 , and a bottom wall  2024  positioned between the face side wall  2020  and the rear side wall  2022  forming a cavity  2016 , wherein the cavity  2016  can be configured to receive an insert  2040 . The face side wall  2020  of the cavity  2016  forms a portion of the backface  2004 . In some embodiments, the golf club head  2000  can comprise a hosel, which in other embodiments can be omitted. In many embodiments, the rear portion  2014  can be designed to look similar to a traditional muscleback iron golf club head. For example, many muscleback irons have a full back or full rear portion of a golf club head. Muscleback irons differ from non-muscleback irons in which the rear or back of the golf club head has been hollowed out to at least partially remove the muscleback, full back and/or rear portion. In some embodiments, the rear portion  2014  can be designed to provide a heavy or thick look to the golf club head. 
     Illustrated in  FIG. 21  is a cross-sectional view of the golf club head  2000  of  FIG. 20  at a cross-sectional line  21 - 21 . The cavity  2016  as seen in  FIG. 21 , along cross-sectional line  21 - 21  of  FIG. 20 , can be similar to the cavity  116  ( FIGS. 2 and 3 ) of the golf club head  100 , the cavity  416  ( FIG. 6 ) of golf club head  400 , and the cavity  716  ( FIG. 9 ) of golf club head  700 . The face side wall  2020 , the rear side wall  2022 , and the bottom side wall  2024  together form the cavity  2016  in the rear portion  2014  of the club head  2000 . 
     In many embodiments, the rear side wall  2022  of the cavity  2016  further comprises one or more protrusions  2023  extending into a portion of the cavity  2016 , as illustrated in  FIG. 21  and  FIG. 21A . In some embodiments, the one or more protrusions  2023  can be positioned centrally on the rear side wall  2022 . In other embodiments, the one or more protrusions  2023  can be positioned near the heel region  2006  or near the toe region  2008  of the rear side wall  2022  of the cavity  2016 . In some embodiments, the rear side wall  2022  can comprise one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine protrusions  2023 . In these embodiments, the one or more protrusions  2023  can be spaced equidistant from one another; while in other embodiments, the one or more protrusions  2023  can be spaced any distance from one another. In other embodiments, the one or more protrusions  2023  can form a square grid-like structure (not shown). For example, the one or more protrusions  2023  can form a two by two square grid, or a three by three square grid. In an exemplary embodiment, the one or more protrusions  2023  can comprise two protrusions extending into a portion of the cavity  2016  that are spaced equidistant from one another. 
       FIG. 22  and  FIG. 23  illustrate the insert  2040 . The insert  2040  can comprise a first end  2150  proximate the heel region  2006  of the golf club head  2000 , a second end  2152  proximate the toe region  2008  of the golf club head  2000 , a back surface  2156 , a front surface  2154  opposite the back surface  2156 , a top surface  2158 , and a bottom surface  2160  opposite the top surface  2158 . 
     The insert  2040  can further comprise a lip  2182 . In many embodiments, the lip  2182  can protrude from the top surface  2158  of the insert  2040 . Further, the lip  2182  can extend perpendicular to the back surface  2156  of the insert  2040 . In many embodiments, the lip  2182  can extend along a portion of the insert  2040  in a direction from the first end  2150  to the second end  2152 . For example, the lip  2182  can extend along the back surface  2156 , from the first end  2150  to the second end  2152  of the insert  2040 . In other embodiments, the lip  2182  can extend along the front surface  2154  from the first end  2150  to the second end  2152 . In other embodiments, the lip can extend along at least a portion of the front surface  2154 , the back surface  2156 , or any combination thereof. Further, in other embodiments, the lip can be continuous or discontinuous. When the insert  2040  is positioned within the cavity  2016 , the lip  2182  of the top surface  2158  abuts against a top surface  2009  of the rear portion  2014 . The lip  2182  of the top surface  2158  can act as a lever to remove the insert  2040  from the cavity  2016  during fittings or adjustments. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 22 , the insert  2040  can comprise one or more grooves  2125  positioned centrally on the back surface  2156  of the insert  2040 . In some embodiments, the one or more grooves  2125  can extend into a portion of the back surface  2156  of the insert  2040 . In other embodiments, the one or more grooves  2125  can extend all the way through the insert  2040  from the back surface  2156  to the front surface  2154 . The one or more grooves  2125  can extend in the direction of the first end  2150  to the second end  2152  of the insert  2040 . The one or more grooves  2125  can be continuous or segmented from the first end  2150  to the second end  2152  of the insert  2040 . The one or more grooves  2125  can comprise a first end proximate the first end  2150  of the insert  2040  and a second end proximate the second end  2152  of the insert  2040 . The first end  2150  and the second end  2152  of the one or more grooves  2125  can comprise a rounded shape. In other embodiments, the first end  2150  and the second end  2152  of the one or more grooves  2125  can comprise any shape such as a square shape, a triangular shape, a trapezoidal shape, a polygonal shape, or any other suitable shape. In some embodiments, the insert  2040  can comprise one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine grooves  2125 . The one or more grooves  2125  can be similar to the square grid-like structure of the one or more protrusions  2023  as described above. In an exemplary embodiment, the one or more grooves  2125  can comprise one continuous groove  2125  extending from the first end  2150  to the second end  2152  of the insert  2040 . 
     As illustrated by way of example in  FIG. 23 , the insert  2040  can further comprise one or more recesses  2130  on the front surface  2154  of the insert  2040 . In some embodiments, the one or more recesses  2130  can be positioned centrally on the front surface  2154  in between the first end  2150  and the second end  2152  of the insert  2040 . In other embodiments, the one or more recesses  2130  can be positioned near the first end  2150  or near the second end  2152  of the insert  2040 . In some embodiments, the insert  2040  can comprise one, two, three, four, five, or six recesses  2130 . In these embodiments, the one or more recesses  2130  can be spaced equidistant from one another; while in other embodiments, the one or more recesses  2130  can be spaced any distance from one another. In these embodiments, the one or more recesses  2130  allows for a greater flow of an adhesive into the cavity  2016  and more adhesive to be positioned between the cavity  2016  and the insert  2040 . In an exemplary embodiment, the one or more recesses  2130  can comprise three recesses positioned centrally on the front surface  2154  of the insert  2040  that are spaced equidistant from one another. 
     The insert  2040  can further comprise one or more ribs  2186 . The one or more ribs  2186  can be positioned on the back surface  2156  of the insert  2040 . In other embodiments, the one or more ribs  2186  can be positioned on a front surface  2154  of the insert  2040 , or on a combination of the back surface  2156 , the first end  2150 , the second end  2152 , and the front surface  2154  of the insert  2040 . In some embodiments, the one or more ribs  2186  can be positioned near the first end  2150  or near the second end  2152  on the insert  2040 . Furthermore, the one or more ribs  2186  can be orientated perpendicular (straight up and down) relative to the top surface  2158  of the insert  2040 . In other embodiments, the one or more ribs  2186  can be orientated at various angles relative to top surface  2158 . In some embodiments, the insert  2040  can comprise one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, or twelve ribs  2186 . In some embodiments, the one or more ribs  2186  are oriented in the same direction. In other embodiments, the one or more ribs  2186  are oriented in different directions than the other one or more ribs  2186 . In embodiments with more than one rib  2186 , the ribs  2186  can be spaced equidistant from one another, or spaced any distance from one another. In some embodiments, an adhesive is applied within the cavity  2016  to help secure the insert  2040 . The combination of the adhesive and the one or more ribs  2186  prevents the insert  2040  from shifting within the cavity  2016 . In many embodiments, the one or more ribs  2186  allow for the insert  2040  to compress as it is being positioned within the cavity  2040 . 
     When the cavity  2016  of the golf club head  2000  receives the insert  2040 , the front surface  2154  of the insert  2040  presses against or abuts the face side wall  2020  of the cavity  2016 , the back surface  2156  of the insert  2040  presses against or abuts the rear side wall  2022  of the cavity  2016 , the bottom surface  2160  of the insert  2040  presses against or abuts with the bottom wall  2024  of the cavity  2016 , and the top surface  2158  of the insert  2040  forms a portion of the rear portion  2014  of the golf club head  2000 . As illustrated in  FIG. 24 , the one or more protrusions  2023  of the rear side wall  2022  are received by the one or more grooves  2125  of the insert  2040  to secure the insert  2040  into the cavity  2016 . The one or more protrusions  2023  of the rear side wall  2022  and the one or more grooves  2125  of the insert  2040  have complementary geometries to allow for a mechanical interlock. In addition to the mechanical interlock between the one or more protrusions  2023  and the one or more grooves  2125 , the insert  2040  can be secured within the cavity  2016  with a press-fit, a friction fit, an adhesive, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the insert  2040  can be secured within the cavity  2016  without the use of threads. The structural interlock between the one or more protrusions  2023  and the one or more grooves  2125  secures the insert into the cavity  2016 , lowering the likelihood of the insert  2040  dislodging during use. 
     In many embodiments, the insert  2040  can comprise a mass. The mass of the insert  2040  can range from 0.50 to 36 grams, 0.50 to 30 grams, 0.50 to 25 grams, 0.50 to 20 grams, 0.50 to 15 grams, 0.50 to 10 grams, or 0.50 to 5 grams. For example, the mass of the insert  2040  can be 0.50 gram, 1 gram, 2 grams, 3 grams, 5 grams, 10 grams, 15 grams, 20 grams, 25 grams, 30 grams, or 36 grams. 
     In some embodiments, the insert  2040  can comprise a material denser than a material of the body of the golf club head  2000 . In other embodiments, the material of insert  2040  can be the same density or less dense than the material of body of the golf club head  2000 . In a number of embodiments, the material of insert  2040  can comprise an elastically deformable material and can be similar to the first component  242  ( FIG. 4A ) of the insert  140 , or the first component  542  ( FIG. 7A ) of the insert  440 . In many embodiments, the elastically deformable material of the insert can comprise a polymer, a urethane material, a urethane-based material, an elastomer material, a thermoplastic material, other suitable types of material, a composite, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the material of the insert  2040  can comprise a thermoplastic elastomer, thermoplastic polyurethane, resin, or resin mixed with powdered metals. In some embodiments, the resin can comprise a thermoplastic elastomer, or thermoplastic polyurethane. 
     In embodiments where the insert  2040  comprises a resin mixed with powdered metals, the resin can comprise a mass. The mass of the resin can range from 0.5 grams to 8 grams. In some embodiments, the mass of the resin can range from 0.5 grams to 4 grams, or 4 grams to 8 grams. For example, the mass of the resin can be 0.5 gram, 1 gram, 2 grams, 3 grams, 4 grams, 5 grams, 6 grams, 7 grams, or 8 grams. The resin comprises a specific gravity ranging from 0.5 gm/cc to 8 gm/cc. In some embodiments, the specific gravity can range from 0.5 gm/cc to 4 gm/cc, or 4 gm/cc to 8 gm/cc. For example, the specific gravity of the resin can be 0.5 gm/cc, 1 gm/cc, 2 gm/cc, 3 gm/cc, 4 gm/cc, 5 gm/cc, 6 gm/cc, 7 gm/cc, or 8 gm/cc. In some embodiments, the specific gravity of the resin is proportional to the mass of the resin, wherein 1 specific gravity of the resin is equal to 1 gram, 2 specific gravity of the resin is equal to 2 grams and etc. 
     In these embodiments, the powdered metal can comprise steel, stainless steel, tungsten, or other metals. In these embodiments, the resin mixed with powdered metals forms the insert  2040  described above. In some embodiments, the insert  2040  can comprise one powdered metal. In other embodiments, the insert  2040  can comprise multiple types of powdered metals. For example, the insert  2040  can comprise the resin and the stainless steel powdered metal, the resin and the tungsten powdered metal, or the resin, the stainless steel powdered metal, and the tungsten powdered metal. The insert  2040  can further comprise a percentage of powdered metal by volume. The insert  2040  can comprise 0% to 50% powdered metal by volume. In some embodiments, the insert  2040  can comprise 0% to 10%, 10% to 20%, 20% to 30%, 30% to 40%, or 40% to 50% powdered metal by volume. For example, the insert  2040  can comprise 0%, 1%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, or 50% powdered metal by volume. The powdered metal percentage varies approximately linearly with the mass of the insert  2040 . As the mass of the insert  2040  increases, the powdered metal percentage increases. 
     In many embodiments, the material of the insert  2040  can dampen vibrations on the golf club head  2000  after impact of a golf ball on the strikeface  2002 , which can improve feel and sound. In many embodiments, the hardness of the insert  2040  can range from Shore A 10 to Shore A 55. In some embodiments, the hardness of the insert  2040  can range from Shore A 10 to Shore A 25, Shore A 15 to Shore A 25, Shore A 20 to Shore A 30, Shore A 25 to Shore A 35, Shore A 25 to Shore A 40, or Shore A 40 to Shore A 55. For example, the hardness of the insert  2040  can have a Shore A value of 10, 15, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, or 50. 
     In many embodiments, the strikeface  2002  can comprise a thickness. The thickness of the strikeface  2002  can be measured in the direction perpendicular from the strikeface  2002  to the backface  2004  of the golf club head  2000 . The thickness of the strikeface  2002  can range from 0.05 to 0.20 inch. In some embodiments, the thickness of the strikeface  2002  can range from 0.05 to 0.18 inch, 0.05 to 0.16 inch, 0.05 to 0.14 inch, 0.05 to 0.12, or 0.05 to 0.10 inch. For example, the thickness of the strikeface  2002  can be 0.05, 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09, 0.10, 0.11, 0.12, 0.13, 0.14, 0.15, 0.16, 0.17, 0.18, 0.19, or 0.20 inch. 
     In many embodiments, the strikeface  2002  of the club head  2000  includes a surface area. In the illustrated embodiment, the surface area of the strikeface  2002  can from 4.0 in 2  to 6 in 2 . In some embodiments, the surface area of the strikeface  2002  can range from 4.0 in 2  to 5.0 in 2 , or 5.0 in 2  to 6.0 in 2 . For example, the surface area of the strikeface  2002  can be 4.0 in 2 , 4.4 in 2 , 4.8 in 2 , 5.2 in 2 , 5.6 in 2 , or 6.0 in 2 . 
     In many embodiments, when the insert  2040  is positioned within the cavity  2016  of the club head  2000 , the insert  2040  has increased contact area with the backface  2004  compared to current designs. The contact area of insert  2040  with back face  2004  can range from 1.0 in 2  to 3.0 in 2 . In some embodiments, the contact area of insert  2040  with backface  2004  can range from 1.0 in 2  to 2.0 in 2 , or 2.0 in 2  to 3.0 in 2 . For example, the contact area of insert  2040  with backface  2004  can be 1.0 in 2 , 1.5 in 2 , 2.0 in 2 , 2.5 in 2 , or 3.0 in 2 . In many embodiments, the contact area of insert  2040  with backface  2004  can range from 15% to 35% of the surface area of strikeface  2002 . In some embodiments, the contact area of the insert  2040  with backface  2002  can range from 15% to 20%, 20% to 25%, 25% to 30%, or 30% to 35% of the surface area of strikeface  2002 . For example, the contact area of insert  2040  with backface  2002  can be 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, or 35% of the surface area of strikeface  2002 . 
     The insert  2040  can comprise a lower hardness compared to other golf club heads with inserts provided within the cavity. The lower hardness provides less support on the backface  2002  and maximizes the strikeface deflection after impacts of the golf ball. Further, the increased contact area between the insert  2040  and the backface  2002  provides more support to the backface  2002  during impacts of the golf ball to offset the structural support losses from the lower hardness of the insert  2040 . The increased contact area allows portions of the strikeface  2002  to be thinned, thereby reducing the club head weight, while maintaining durability. The combination of the lower hardness, the increased contact area between the insert  2040  and the backface  2002 , and the thinned strikeface  2002  provides more strikeface deflection over other golf club head with inserts provided within the cavity. In these embodiments, the strikeface deflection can range from 0.012 inch to 0.020 inch. In some embodiments, the strikeface deflection can range from 0.012 inch to 0.016 inch, or 0.016 inch to 0.020 inch. For example, the strikeface deflection can be 0.012 inch, 0.013 inch, 0.014 inch, 0.015 inch, 0.016 inch, 0.017 inch, 0.018 inch, 0.019 inch, or 0.020 inch. 
     Another embodiment, an example of which is illustrated in  FIG. 25 , includes a golf club head  2200  that can be similar to the golf club head  100  of  FIG. 1 , the golf club head  400  of  FIG. 5 , the golf club head  700  of  FIG. 8 , the golf club head  1200  of  FIG. 12 , the golf club head  1500  of  FIG. 15 , and/or the golf club head  2000  of  FIG. 20 . The golf club head  2200  can comprise a cavity  2216 . The cavity  2216  is configured to receive an insert  2240  having a first component  2287  comprising a first material and a second component  2288  comprising a second material. The first material of the first component  2287  can comprise a polymer material, a urethane material, a urethane-based material, an elastomer material, a thermoplastic material, a composite, other suitable types of materials, or a combination thereof. The second material of the second component  2288  can comprise metal formed within the first component  2287 . In some embodiments, the second component  2288  can comprise a plurality of spherical metal beads (e.g. BB&#39;s). In other embodiments, the second component  2288  can comprise one or more metallic objects comprising any shape (e.g. square, triangle, polygon, etc.). The one or more metallic objects can be shavings, flakes, rods, tubes, or any other suitable metallic object. The second component  2288  can increase the overall weight of the insert  2240 . The second material that forms the second component  2288  can comprise metals such as steel, tungsten, aluminum, titanium, vanadium, chromium, cobalt, nickel, other metals, metal alloys, plastics, composites, or any combination thereof. In one example, the second component  2288  of the insert  2240  can comprise spherical tungsten beads suspended within the first component  2287  comprising the thermoplastic material. In many embodiments, the second component  2288  is set within the first component  2287  of the insert  2240 . The second component  2288  can be positioned within the first component  2287  in any desirable location. For example, the second component  2288  can be positioned near the heel region, the toe region, or a combination of the heel region and toe region of the golf club head. The second component  2288  adds weight to the golf club head  2200  and therefore adjust the swing weighting of the golf club head  2200  to affect center of gravity (CG) and moment of insert (MOI), to improve feel and ball trajectory. 
     In some embodiments, the second component  2288  is suspended or embedded within the first component  2287  of the insert  2240 , such that the first component  2287  fully surrounds the second component  2288 . In other embodiments, the first component  2287  partially surrounds the second component  2288  such that the second component  2288  is exposed within the cavity  2216 . The second component  2288  can comprise a diameter ranging from 0.5 mm (0.0197 inch) to 10 mm (0.394 inch). For example, the second component  2288  can have a diameter of 0.5 mm (0.0197 inch) to 1 mm (0.0394 inch), 1 mm (0.0394 inch) to 2 mm (0.0787 inch), 1 mm (0.0394 inch) to 4 mm (0.1575 inch), 2 mm (0.0787 inch) to 3 mm (0.1181 inch), 3 mm (0.1181 inch) to 4 mm (0.1575 inch), 4 mm (0.1575 inch) to 5 mm (0.1969 inch), 5 mm (0.1969 inch) to 6 mm (0.2362 inch), 6 mm (0.2362 inch) to 7 mm (0.2756 inch), 7 mm (0.2756 inch) to 8 mm (0.315 inch), 8 mm (0.315 inch) to 9 mm (0.3543 inch), or 9 mm (0.3543 inch) to 10 mm (0.394 inch). The insert  2240  can comprise between approximately 1 and 100 second components  2288 . The number of second components  2288  included in the insert  2240  is partially dependent on the diameter of the individual second components  2288 . In some embodiments, the insert  2240  comprises between 1 to 3, between 1 to 5, between 5 to 10, between 10 to 30, between 30 to 50, or between 50 to 100 second components  2288 . The size and number of second components  2288  can affect the weight and vibration properties of the insert  2240 , which can modify the CG, MOI, and feel of the golf club head  2200 . The golf club head  2200  and its insert  2240  can further comprise any of the structural elements described above in reference to the golf club head  100  of  FIG. 1 , the golf club head  400  of  FIG. 5 , the golf club head  700  of  FIG. 8 , the golf club head  1200  of  FIG. 12 , the golf club head  1500  of  FIG. 15 , and/or the golf club head  2000  of  FIG. 20 . 
     In another embodiment not illustrated, a golf club head can comprise a cavity, wherein the cavity is configured to receive an insert. The golf club head can be similar to the golf club head  100  of  FIG. 1 , the golf club head  400  of  FIG. 5 , the golf club head  700  of  FIG. 8 , the golf club head  1200  of  FIG. 12 , the golf club head  1500  of  FIG. 15 , the golf club head  2000  of  FIG. 20 , and/or the golf club head  2200  of  FIG. 25 . The insert can comprise a metallic material such as steel, tungsten, aluminum, titanium, vanadium, chromium, cobalt, nickel, other metals, metal alloys, cerrocast alloy, or any combination thereof. The metallic material of the insert can be melted and applied (i.e., poured or injected) directly into the cavity of the golf club head. As the metallic material of the insert solidifies, the insert adheres to the surfaces of the cavity. The metallic material of the insert can be applied to the cavity at a specific weight, wherein the melted insert can be added in increments of 0.1 gram, or 0.5 grams. The metallic material of the insert can add weight into the golf club head and therefore adjust the swing weighting of the golf club head to affect center of gravity (CG), and moment of insert (MOI) to improve feel and ball trajectory. Directly applying the metallic material of the insert into the cavity of the club head can improve product quality by reducing the likelihood of the insert falling out of the cavity during play. 
     Some embodiments include a fully assembled golf club, such as a golf club  1000  as shown in  FIG. 18 .  FIG. 18  shows a front view of a golf club  1000  according to an embodiment. In some embodiments, golf club  1000  can comprise a shaft  1015 , a grip  1010  at one end of shaft  1015 , and a golf club head  1005  connected to shaft  1015  at an opposite end of shaft  1015 . In many embodiments, golf club head  1005  can be similar to golf club head  100  ( FIG. 1 ), golf club head  400  ( FIG. 4 ), golf club head  700  ( FIG. 7 ), golf club head  1200  ( FIG. 12 ), and/or golf club head  1500  ( FIG. 15 ). In some embodiments, golf club  1000  is an iron-type golf club. In other embodiments, golf club  1000  can be another type of golf club head (e.g., a driver-type club head, a fairway wood-type club head, a hybrid-type club head, a wood-type club head, a wedge-type club head, or a putter-type club head). 
     Various embodiments include a method  1100  for manufacturing a golf club head, as shown in  FIG. 19 .  FIG. 19  depicts a method of manufacturing a golf club head according to an embodiment. In some embodiments, method  1100  can be used to manufacture a golf club head similar to golf club head  100  ( FIG. 1 ), golf club head  400  ( FIG. 5 ), golf club head  700  ( FIG. 7 ), golf club head  1200  ( FIG. 12 ), golf club head  1500 , and/or golf club head  1005  ( FIG. 15 ). 
     In many embodiments, method  1100  can comprise forming a body from a first material having a first density (block  1105 ). In many embodiments, the body can comprise a strikeface at a front of the golf club head, a backface opposite the strike face, a heel region, a toe region opposite the heel region, a sole, a rear portion at a rear of the golf club head, and a cavity located between the backface and the rear portion. In some embodiments, forming a body from a first material can comprise forging the body. In other embodiments, forming a body from a first material can comprise casting the body. In other embodiments, forming a body from a first material can comprise molding the body. In some embodiments, method  1100  can comprise manufacturing a golf club head for an iron-type club head. 
     In many embodiments, method  1100  can further comprise providing an insert (block  1110 ) and securing the insert within the cavity (block  1115 ). In many embodiments, the insert can be similar to insert  140 , insert  440 , insert  740 , insert  1240 , and/or insert  1540 . In some embodiments, securing the insert within the cavity (block  1115 ) can comprise securing the insert by a second component of the insert being in contact with a portion of the cavity (e.g., second material  244  against cavity  116 ). In some embodiments, securing the insert within the cavity (block  1115 ) can comprise inserting an edge of the second component of the insert within a slot in a portion of a wall of the cavity. In a number of embodiments, securing the insert within the cavity (block  1115 ) can comprise a portion of the insert being in contact with a post within the cavity (e.g., post  519 ). In many embodiments, the contact point(s) of the insert with the portions of the cavity can provide tension and/or friction to secure the insert in the cavity. In some embodiments, an adhesive can be used to assist in securing the insert in the cavity, but in other embodiments, no adhesive is used to secure or assist in securing the insert in the cavity. In other embodiments, the use of fasteners such as screws or rivets can assist in securing the insert within the cavity. 
     In some embodiments, the insert can comprise one or more flex slots at a bottom of the insert (e.g., flex slot  880 ). In many embodiments, the insert can exert a force on a toe-side wall of the cavity and a heel-side wall of the cavity. In some embodiments, the one or more flex slots can allow the insert to bend prior to being inserted or placement within the cavity, such that, when the insert is positioned within the cavity, the insert can return to its original shape and exert a force on the toe-side wall of the cavity and on the heel-side wall of the cavity in order to secure the insert within the cavity. In some embodiments, the one or more flex slots can be cut such that the insert can exert pressure against the backface-side wall of the cavity and the rear portion-side wall of the cavity. In a number of embodiments, the one or more flex slots can be cut at a diagonal relative to a length of the insert, and the insert can be twisted before placement within the cavity. In some embodiments, an adhesive can be used to assist in securing the insert in the cavity. In some embodiments, no adhesive is used to secure or assist in securing the insert in the cavity, but in other embodiments, an adhesive can fill a portion of the one or more flex slots in order to prevent flexing or loosening of the insert from the cavity after the adhesive is cured within the cavity. 
     The golf club heads with cavities and inserts and related methods discussed herein may be implemented in a variety of embodiments, and the foregoing discussion of these embodiments does not necessarily represent a complete description of all possible embodiments. Rather, the detailed description of the drawings, and the drawings themselves, disclose at least one preferred embodiment of systems and methods for fitting golf club head weight, and may disclose alternative embodiments of golf club heads with cavities and related methods. 
     Replacement of one or more claimed elements constitutes reconstruction and not repair. Additionally, benefits, other advantages, and solutions to problems have been described with regard to specific embodiments. The benefits, advantages, solutions to problems, and any element or elements that may cause any benefit, advantage, or solution to occur or become more pronounced, however, are not to be construed as critical, required, or essential features or elements of any or all of the claims. 
     As the rules to golf may change from time to time (e.g., new regulations may be adopted or old rules may be eliminated or modified by golf standard organizations and/or governing bodies such as the United States Golf Association (USGA), the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St. Andrews (R&amp;A), etc.), golf equipment related to the apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein may be conforming or non-conforming to the rules of golf at any particular time. Accordingly, golf equipment related to the apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein may be advertised, offered for sale, and/or sold as conforming or non-conforming golf equipment. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. 
     Moreover, embodiments and limitations disclosed herein are not dedicated to the public under the doctrine of dedication if the embodiments and/or limitations: (1) are not expressly claimed in the claims; and (2) are or are potentially equivalents of express elements and/or limitations in the claims under the doctrine of equivalents. 
     Clause 1. A golf club head comprising: a body comprising: a strikeface at a front of the golf club head; a backface opposite the strikeface; a heel region; a toe region opposite the heel region; a sole; a rear portion at a rear of the golf club head; and a cavity located between the backface and the rear portion, the cavity comprising: a face side wall comprising a portion of the backface; a rear side wall opposite the face side wall, the rear side wall comprising a recess extending from the heel region to the toe region; a bottom wall between the face side wall and the rear side wall; and a width measured from the face side wall to the rear side wall; and an insert received within the cavity; wherein: the insert comprises: a first component comprising a back surface configured to be adjacent to the rear side wall of the golf club head, a front surface opposite the back surface, a bottom surface, a top surface opposite the bottom surface, a toe-region side, a heel region side opposite the toe-region side, and an elastically deformable material; and a retainer comprising a top surface, a bottom surface and a plastically deformable material, the retainer is configured to be removably received within the first component of the insert without the use of threads. 
     Clause 2. The golf club head of clause 1, wherein the first component of the insert comprises one or more slots extending from the front surface to the back surface, and the one or more slots are configured to receive the retainer. 
     Clause 3. The golf club head of clause 2, wherein one or more slots are positioned on the front surface and the back surface of the first component. 
     Clause 4. The golf club head of clause 1, wherein the retainer comprises a first edge having one or more tabs, and a second edge opposite the first edge, the second edge having one or more arms to be received within the recess of the rear side wall. 
     Clause 5. The golf club head of clause 4, wherein the one or more tabs abut the face side wall of the cavity and the one or more arms abut the rear side wall of the cavity, such that the retainer forms a U-shape curve when the insert is positioned in the cavity. 
     Clause 6. The golf club head of clause 1, wherein the retainer of the insert comprises a width greater than the width of the cavity and a width of the first component of the insert. 
     Clause 7. The golf club head of clause 1, wherein the insert comprises a mass ranging from 0.5 gram to 36 grams. 
     Clause 8. A golf club head comprising: a body comprising: a strikeface at a front of the golf club head; a backface opposite the strikeface; a heel region; a toe region opposite the heel region; a sole; a rear portion at a rear of the golf club head; and a cavity located between the backface and the rear portion, the cavity comprising: a face side wall comprising a portion of the backface; a rear side wall opposite the face side wall, the rear side wall comprising one or more protrusions extending into a portion of the cavity; a bottom wall between the face side wall and the rear side wall; and an insert received within the cavity; wherein: the insert comprises: a back surface positioned to be adjacent to the rear side wall of the golf club head, the back surface of the insert comprising one or more grooves configured to receive the one or more protrusions on the rear side wall of the cavity; a front surface opposite the back surface positioned to be adjacent to the face side wall of the golf club head; a bottom surface; a top surface opposite the bottom surface; and a elastically deformable material; and the insert comprises a hardness between approximately Shore A 10 to approximately Shore A 55. 
     Clause 9. The golf club head of clause 8, wherein the one or more grooves extend into a portion of the back surface of the insert. 
     Clause 10. The golf club head of clause 8, wherein the insert comprises a hardness between approximately Shore A 25 to approximately Shore A 35. 
     Clause 11. The golf club head of clause 8, wherein the insert comprises a mass ranging from 0.5 gram to 36 grams. 
     Clause 12. The golf club head of clause 8, wherein the strikeface comprises a thickness ranging from 0.05 inch to 0.20 inch. 
     Clause 13. The golf club head of clause 8, wherein a contact area of the insert with the backface comprises 15% to 35% of a surface area of the strikeface. 
     Clause 14. The golf club head of clause 8, wherein the elastically deformable material of the insert comprises a resin mixed with a powdered metal. 
     Clause 15. The golf club head of clause 14, wherein the insert comprises 1% to 30% powdered metal by volume. 
     Clause 16. The golf club head of clause 14, wherein the resin comprises a thermoplastic elastomer, or a thermoplastic polyurethane. 
     Clause 17. The golf club head of clause 14, wherein the powdered metal comprises stainless steel. 
     Clause 18. The golf club head of clause 14, wherein the powdered metal comprises tungsten. 
     Clause 19. The golf club head of clause 8, wherein the insert comprises a first component comprising a first material and a second component comprising a second material, where the second component is embedded within the first component. 
     Clause 20. The golf club head of clause 19, wherein the first material comprises a thermoplastic elastomer and the second material comprises spherical tungsten beads.