Patent Publication Number: US-7904812-B2

Title: Browseable narrative architecture system and method

Description:
FIELD OF INVENTION 
     This invention relates to a method and system for creating, viewing, and editing browseable narrative architectures and the results thereof. Browseable narrative architectures are a type of narrative wherein the narrative may be created and viewed in a non-linear format; i.e., the narrative is presented to the user in a manner that may not progress forward according to a time sequence established by the author, with predetermined paths and branches. In the prior art, the author of a narrative simply presented material to a user. In an embodiment of the present invention, the author may introduce various decision or control points to guide the user, but in no case is the author required to set forth a predefined time sequence to establish the narrative. Indeed, the present invention eliminates the need of the author to establish a predefined time sequence. In addition, the present invention establishes a narrative that is browseable. This browseable feature allows the user to determine his or her own time sequence with respect to the narrative itself. More specifically, one embodiment of this invention relates to narratives that are videos: according to this embodiment, the video is non-linear and browseable, allowing user flexibility and a multitude of author options when delivering the content. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Traditional narratives (e.g., books, motion pictures, television broadcasts, radio broadcasts), offer a diverse content of ideas, expressions, and communications. Despite this diversity, traditional narratives adhere to a linear format. In such a format, the narrative progresses from a starting point to an ending point, along a linear path. For example, a movie is presented to a user in a linear fashion: the user starts watching the movie, and the material is presented to the user in a predetermined manner that progresses from scene to scene in a linear fashion. Thus, linear narratives are stories or movies having one beginning that necessarily progress to one end. 
     More recently, with the advent and increasing popularity of computer systems to enhance the narrative process, the traditional linear narrative has been modified to accommodate branches to the storyline. Thus, for example, interactive movies are present in the prior art that allow a user to display a desired story line by selecting from among various story line options upon reaching decision points within the movie narrative. These interactive stories are branched narratives which progress from one beginning to any one of a plurality of endings depending on the story line selected. As a simple example, narrative videos exist which allow a user, at certain decision points, to choose among several options for how the narrative will progress. Once a user selects an option the narrative continues along the path determined by that decision “branch.” 
     In addition, in prior art narratives, the story line might invoke a “loop” that enables the user to repeat or go back to a previously occurring scene. Despite this option, however, a narrative with a “loop” continues in a linear manner according to a predetermined manner following the return to the loop point. 
     In addition, the advent of computers has allowed a viewer to modify, in an interactive manner, certain characters or other items within the narrative. For example, in a video game, a user may dictate that a character take a certain action, such as fight another character. That action—that manipulation of the character—acts as decision points for the narrative which allow different narrative branches; thus, if the character defeats another character, one narrative path exists for the victorious character, while a defeat creates a different narrative path (usually the end of the game). 
     Despite these modifications, these narratives remain linear—the branches, loops, or options which occur due to story modification or character manipulation all continue the story in a linear manner, progressing from a beginning to an end (or to a plurality of endings). Thus, in the prior art, movies and games follow a traditional format in which a narrative progresses from a logical beginning to one or more logical endings and thus fail to take advantage of the full capabilities and power of computers and digital media devices. For example, known technologies do not easily permit a user to browse a video narrative and to explore particular areas or aspects of the narrative in more depth or less depth. The present invention, unlike the prior art, permits users to move from any point to any point within the narrative, unencumbered by defined beginnings and endings. In the prior art, user or viewer progresses inexorably from a beginning to an ending, or, in some instances, a different number of predefined endings. As a result, in the prior art the entertainment, advertising, educational, or other experience for a user viewing available movies on a personal computer is substantially similar to the viewing experience on a television or in a cinema. 
     The existing linear narrative structures, with their branching and looping structures, are shown in the prior art. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,607,356 to Schwartz describes an interactive game film intended to provide a realistic rendering of scenery and objects in a video game. The film is made up of data arranged in blocks or clips representing video film segments. Each block has a lead-in segment, a body segment, a loop segment, and a lead out segment. As the game is played the clips are seamlessly spliced together. The lead in and lead out segments can be used multiple times, with different body segments or loop segments each time to create multiple linear-time sequences in a mix and match process, on the fly, during playback. However, as shown in  FIGS. 5 and 6  of the Schwartz patent, the film has a branched architecture and progresses from a logical beginning to at least one of several logical ends. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,101,354 to Davenport et al. describes a video editing and viewing facility and method that allows representation and arbitrary association of discrete image segments, for both creating final compositions and to permit selective viewing of related image segments. Editing and viewing of compositions can be achieved on a computer device. Information regarding each image segment is retained in a relational database so that each image segment can be identified and relationships established between segments in the database. Each segment, which acts as a narrative, is represented by icons. A user can elect to interrupt viewing of a particular segment and view a new image segment by selecting an icon that represents the new image segment. Viewing of the original image segment continues once display of the new image segment is completed. Importantly, the invention in Davenport relates to a narrative with a fixed beginning and a fixed ending. Although the author permits users to edit or otherwise modify a selected scene and interface that scene into the narrative, this editing process does not change the linear and non-browseable nature of the narrative. Relationships between segments, and thus the order in which segments are viewed, can be established by user selections, or by inferences based on user behavior, but the segments themselves have a logical linear relationship, with recognizable beginning and end points. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,591,248 to Freeman discloses a video system that makes use of a decision tree branching scheme. The video system displays a movie to an audience. The movie has multiple selectable scenes and the system includes a device for detecting and sampling audience responses concerning the selection of possible scenes and movie outcomes. Upon reaching a branching point in the movie, the system detects the prevalent audience selection and displays appropriate scenes. Scene selection is achieved by using dual movie projectors to present the movie. Different video tracks are turned on via a “changeover” signal which activates the appropriate projector. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,630,006 to Hirayama et al. relates to a multi-scene recording disk and a data reproducing apparatus which enables a user to view one of several simultaneously proceeding scenes. For example, the apparatus allows a viewer watching an opera to elect to watch the performer on stage or the orchestra that accompanies the performer. This involves the display a selection of multiple linear narratives rather than branched or looped narratives. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,684,715 to Palmer discloses an interactive video system in which a user can select an object displayed in the video and thereby initiate an interactive video operation, such as jumping to a new video sequence, altering the flow of the interactive video program, or creating a computer generated sequence. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,305,131 to Best describes a video amusement system embodied to run on a videodisc system. The system uses a simple branching technique which presents choices to a user to select video sequences for viewing. The system also permits users to carry on simulated conversations with the screen actors and to choose the direction that the conversation takes. The invention is also designed to avoid the ritualistic cycles which characterized earlier video games by using different audio each time video frames are repeated, by obscuring any unavoidable repetition by complex structures of alternative story lines, and by using digitally generated animation. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention is a browseable narrative, and the architecture to allow that narrative to be created and viewed. The present invention also includes the systems and methods to create and view the resulting narratives. 
     The narratives of the present invention are comprised of a scene or scenes without any predefined beginning, middle, or end (hereinafter referred to as a “non-BME scene”) presented in a non-linear manner. Links and maps may also exist in the narrative. The present invention narratives are also browseable, such that a user may progress from any point to any point through the narrative in a manner determined by the user. A user of the present invention may therefore create his or her own narrative, with the path of the narrative undetermined at any given point. Thus, a user may choose the number of non-BME scenes to view, the sequence of that viewing, the repetition of one or a plurality of the non-BME scenes in that viewing, and the like. This user-created narrative is in essence a unique awareness sequence not determined by the author. The narrative of the present invention allows authors the ability to insert a variety of controls to optimize, expand, and build in the possibility of different user experiences. However, even when controls are inserted into the narrative, it is not necessary for the user to proceed according to any preconditioned logical path or select in any predetermined manner among a set of controls. Instead, users have the ability to select among whatever controls are imposed by the author. 
     The browseable narrative architecture of the present invention enables an experience analogous to that of users of the World Wide Web. Using traditional browser software, an internet user selects an entry point, which is oftentimes a “home page,” although the user may start the browser software and direct the browser to any web page desired by the user. After viewing one web page, the user determines another web page to visit; this web page may be related to the prior page or may not, but the user determines the order in which the web sites will be viewed. Control points (such as links) may be present on a web page to aid the viewer in browsing options, but the user has the discretion to decide whether or not to adhere to those control points. 
     The present invention&#39;s narrative (and methods and systems for creating and viewing said narratives) is presented to the user in a manner similar to internet web pages. The user may view the content (in the preferred embodiment, the content is a video) by picking a starting point, and moving from one element to the next in a manner determined by the user. Thus, the user “browses” the narrative according to his or her own selections. The user can move from any point to any point within the overall architecture of the narrative. Even though the narrative author may insert control points to offer browsing options to the user, such control points are not required to be followed in any designated manner and merely provide options for the user&#39;s unique awareness sequence. The user may view the narrative in any manner as he or she sees fit, and is not constrained to a linear, or linear-branching, or linear-looping progression. 
     The present invention&#39;s narrative (and methods and systems for creating and viewing said narratives) allows the author to create content by utilizing any number of scenes, with each scene having the ability to be entered and exited at any point while maintaining the narrative&#39;s continuity. The control points set by the author, and the potentially limitless narrative configurations arising from the use of one or a plurality of scenes with control points and links, establish a narrative that offers each user a unique viewing experience. The author enjoys the flexibility to provide a greater number of different narrative variations than in those narratives of the prior art. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a diagram of a non-BME scene, the basic component of the narrative according to the present invention. 
         FIG. 2  is a diagram of a dynamic non-BME scene of a narrative according to the present invention. 
         FIG. 3  is a diagram of a decision point of a narrative according to the present invention. 
         FIG. 4  is a diagram of a decision point of a narrative according to the present invention. 
         FIG. 5  is a diagram of a link structure of the narrative according to the present invention. 
         FIG. 6  is a diagram of a combination of non-BME scenes linked in a narrative according to the present invention. 
         FIG. 7  is a diagram of a map structure of the narrative according to the present invention. 
         FIG. 8  is a diagram of a computer system for the creation and viewing of a narrative according to the present invention. 
         FIG. 9  is a diagram of a networked computer environment for the creation and viewing of a narrative according to the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Overview 
     The present invention narrative, and the systems and methods for creating and viewing such a narrative, may be described as follows. The narrative of the present invention may include elements such as a non-BME scene, links, and maps. 
     Non-BME scenes are scenes which have no beginning, middle, or ending, but instead are presented as mere content devoid of any preconfigured biases (such as starting or ending points). A non-BME scene is the basic unit of the narrative of the present invention. Moreover, a non-BME scene may be any type of content expressed in any format. Thus, examples of non-BME scenes include dialogue, events, icons, video segments, audio segments, text, and music segments. The structure of the non-BME scene is more important than the type of content and format. According to the present invention, a non-BME scene is an entity in and of itself, not dependent on other scenes, plots, or other narrative controls. The preferred embodiment of a non-BME scene of the present invention is a video segment, with video and audio components. Unlike the prior art, however, the non-BME scene does not lead, follow, or exist as part of any larger linear and non-browseable structure—for example, as one video segment of a larger movie, following necessarily or leading necessarily another video segment of that same movie. The non-BME scene is without context and may be viewed by the user in any manner chosen by the user. 
     The link element of the narrative according to the present invention serves as a pathway over which the user may browse to view successive non-BME scenes. The link may be embodied in any manner which allows the user to navigate between or among several non-BME scenes; for example, the link may be a device which allows the user to enter in another non-BME scene selection, the link may be an icon or graphic symbol allowing the user to select another non-BME scene, and the link may be an automatic path which selects another non-BME scene without user input. These examples are meant to serve as illustrations, and do not exist as the only types of pathways between or amongst non-BME scenes which may be created and viewed by a user. 
     The map element of the narrative according to the present invention serves as an overview that may show non-BME scenes and potential links among non-BME scenes. 
     This basic structure of the narrative—non-BME scenes, links, and maps—allows a narrative that is browseable and non-linear. The narrative is browseable because the user determines his or her viewing experience, the user determines where he or she will begin the narrative process, the user determines the sequence in which the narrative process will occur, and the user determines when he or she will end his or her experience of the narrative process. The narrative is non-linear because the user is not required to follow any predetermined path when proceeding with the narrative—the user is not presented with a narrative with a beginning or end, and the middle may not be controlled by jump points, branches, loops, or other common narrative devices. Thus, in a video embodiment, the user is presented with the ability to choose among a selection of video segments (the non-BME scenes). These segments, or non-BME scenes, are configured such that they will be comprehended by the user upon viewing, without the need for context or prior segments. After viewing one non-BME scene, the user may choose, via a link, another non-BME scene to view. Again, when this second segment is viewed, its structure as a non-BME scene allows the user to comprehend this segment without context or the knowledge of prior segments. The user&#39;s viewing experience may be enhanced by prior segments, but such segments are not necessary for the user to view the narrative. In this manner—browsing by links between or among non-BME scenes according to an overall map—the user may assemble his or her own narrative in a browseable, non-linear fashion, and thus obtain his or her own unique awareness sequence. 
     Variations of these elements are possible according to selections of the narrative author. Thus, hybrid segments may be created which combine a non-BME scene with a linear scene of the type known in the art. The non-BME scenes may be either static or dynamic. Static non-BME scenes are non-BME scenes that do not allow any user manipulation, but retain their continuity by having no set beginning, middle, or end. Dynamic non-BME scenes contain control points that enable a non-BME scene to operate in a progressive, triggered, or other manner, thereby enhancing the narrative for the user. 
     2. Detail 
     The present invention relates to a method and system for creating, displaying, and viewing a narrative that is both browseable and non-linear. A narrative having a browseable narrative architecture is made up of one or a plurality of non-BME scenes. In a preferred embodiment, at least some non-BME scenes may be linked, so that a user can interrupt the display of one non-BME scene to view another non-BME scene. In this embodiment, each non-BME scene is a portion of video footage that represents the basic unit of a video narrative. Also, a map exists that details the individual non-BME scenes and the links between or among them. 
     Displaying and viewing of non-BME scenes is controlled by a rendering program that determines which non-BME scenes are to be displayed based on the occurrence of specified conditions and user input. A user views and interacts with the video narrative via a browser, a client program that incorporates video display software and provides an interface between the user and the rendering program. 
       FIG. 1  depicts a non-BME scene. As indicated, a non-BME scene is a presentation of content without a logical beginning, middle, or end, and is by itself neither linear nor branching. A non-BME scene may be static or dynamic. As an example,  FIG. 1  depicts a single non-BME scene, scene 1, which may repeat itself until further activity by the user or author occurs. Events  102 ,  103 ,  104 , and  105  are, in this example, statements made by speakers A and B. The events are shown disposed along story line  101  which, in this example, is shown progressing clockwise. Although here events  102 ,  103 ,  104 , and  105  occur sequentially, the non-BME scene can be entered or exited at any point along story line  101  without corrupting the logic of the story line  101 . Thus, the non-BME scene in  FIG. 1  is a static non-BME scene which may repeat itself without modification an indefinite number of times until the scene is exited. 
       FIG. 2  depicts an example of a dynamic non-BME scene, as opposed to a static non-BME scene. Dynamic non-BME scenes of the present invention include at least one non-BME scene that may be viewed repeatedly. In the example shown in  FIG. 2 , the rendering program enters the dynamic non-BME scene in step  202 . The rendering program then performs step  204  by determining whether condition L is satisfied. Condition L, like condition M, is some specified condition that alters the way the rendering program displays the video narrative. These conditions can be, for example, the completion of a number of scene repetitions, the input of a command by a user, or the prior accessing of certain non-BME scenes by a user. In addition, the conditions themselves can be dynamic, so that they change depending on whether certain events or controls have taken place. Dynamic conditions may also be made up of nested conditions. As shown in  FIG. 3 , dynamic condition P is made up of sub-conditions P 1 , P 2 , and P 3  and the controlling condition can either be P 2  or P 3  depending on whether condition P 1  has been satisfied. 
     In  FIG. 2 , if condition L is not satisfied the rendering program performs the “display A” instruction in step  206 . Display A can be a default instruction to display a particular static or dynamic non-BME scene. If condition L is satisfied, the rendering program performs the display X instruction in step  220 . The display X instruction can be to display an alternative non-BME scene; for example, a non-BME scene in which portrayed events are shown from different camera angles, in which portrayed characters behave differently, or in which different characters or other content appear, thus creating a different story line from scene A. Alternatively, the display X instruction can be to display scene A, but present the user with different command options, links, and icons from those in step  206  that can be selected to view a new non-BME scene or plurality of scenes. 
     The display X instruction can be dynamic so that, for example, the instruction changes with every repetition of the non-BME scene, or upon the occurrence of some other event or programmable condition.  FIG. 4  shows a dynamic display instruction where the instruction executed by rendering program depends on whether conditions J 1 , J 2 , or J 3  have been satisfied. Display instruction X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , or X 4  will be executed depending on which of the conditions are satisfied. 
     In  FIG. 2 , following either step  220  or step  206 , the rendering program performs step  208  and determines whether condition M has been satisfied. If condition M has not been satisfied, the rendering program progresses to step  210  in which it performs the instruction display B and displays a specified non-BME scene. If condition M has been satisfied, the rendering program performs instruction display Y in step  218 . The display Y instruction can be to display an alternative non-BME scene; for example, a non-BME scene in which portrayed events are shown from different camera angles, in which portrayed characters behave differently, or in which different characters or other content appear, thus creating a different story line from scene B. Alternatively, the display Y instruction can be to display scene B, but present the user with different command options, links, and icons from those in step  210  that can be selected to view new non-BME scenes. Also, the display Y instruction can be dynamic, so that the instruction changes with every repetition of the dynamic non-BME scene, or upon the occurrence of some other event or programmable condition, such as the prior display of certain non-BME scenes, or known user preferences. On completion of either of steps  218  and  210 , the rendering program returns to step  204 . 
     In the example shown in  FIG. 2 , steps  204 ,  206  and  220  can collectively be referred to as a dynamic non-BME scene, as can steps  208 ,  210 , and  218 . Those skilled in the art will understand that dynamic and static non-BME scenes can be combined to produce a complex pattern of nested non-BME scenes, where the scenes occur within other non-BME scenes. 
     As described, one or a series of non-BME scenes (whether static, dynamic, or a combination of both) may be combined in a manner so as to create a different narrative. This combination of non-BME scenes occurs through a link.  FIG. 5  depicts a link, or pathway to allow a user to follow a narrative of a plurality of non-BME scenes. At any time during the video narrative, the rendering program may permit a user to execute the link  501  defined here as an instruction interrupting the display of a first non-BME scene to display a second selected non-BME scene. To enable a user to input instructions and execute links, the rendering program can cause the browser to display links in various ways. In one embodiment, the links can be displayed as icons representing non-BME scenes. Icons are displayable objects that a user can select to execute links. The icons can be thumbnail static or video images located to one side of the main video window. Alternatively, icons can be objects forming part of the viewed non-BME scene and located within the main video window. Any non-BME scene, either static or dynamic, can contain a limitless number of links from that non-BME scene to another, or a series, of non-BME scenes. 
     Links may operate in conjunction with static and dynamic non-BME scenes to create a narrative in a manner that is inherently variable. Thus, for example, in a dynamic non-BME scene, a condition may occur that leads to a link to view a second non-BME scene instead of or in addition to the first non-BME scene depending on whether a defined condition is satisfied when the first dynamic non-BME scene is viewed. Thus, for example, a single dynamic non-BME scene may have as its dynamic condition a link to another non-BME scene (without regard to whether the other non-BME scene is static or dynamic) on the Nth repetition of the first dynamic non-BME scene. Thus, in the narrative, multiple non-BME scenes can be joined together by links. Non-BME scenes can be exited and entered via a link by the occurrence of a specified condition, or by receiving a user instruction which initiates a new non-BME scene. The narrative author can create and fully specify links in the narrative. Alternatively, links may be formulated or modified by the rendering program based on rules and conditions specified by the author, and on the occurrence of events or input of user instructions. Thus, the rendering program may execute links and initiate the display of new non-BME scenes at any point in the new non-BME scenes, or may initiate entirely different non-BME scenes depending on the occurrence of specifiable conditions or user inputs and behavior. 
       FIG. 6  is a diagrammatic representation of an example of two linked non-BME scenes, scene 1 and scene 2 that follow story lines  101  and  616  respectively. The scenes are connected by links  614 ,  615 . Events  102 ,  103 ,  104 ,  105  in scene 1, and  606 ,  607 ,  608 ,  609 , in scene 2 are statements made by speakers A and B. Event  613  represents an action taken in scene 2, and events  604 ,  605  are actions taken in scene 1. Hexagonal shapes in  FIG. 6  represent items shown within the non-BME scenes. Cell phone  601 , wine glass  602 , and car keys  603  are items displayed in scene 1, and television  610 , lipstick  612 , and wine glass  611  are items displayed in scene 2. Any item displayed in a scene can be configured to be an icon. In the example shown in  FIG. 6  the wine glass  602  and the wine glass  611  are icons. By selecting wine glass  602  while scene 1 is being displayed, a user inputs an instruction to the rendering program to execute link  614  causing scene 1 to be interrupted and commencing scene 2 at action  613 . Similarly, by selecting wine glass  611  while scene 2 is being displayed, a user inputs an instruction to the rendering program to execute link  615  causing scene 2 to be interrupted and commencing scene 1 at action  605 . 
     By combining the use of links with display instructions and conditions, the rendering program can be made to disable or enable various links at certain times during the display of a video narrative, or under certain conditions. For example, certain links may be disabled until a user has viewed particular non-BME scenes or until the non-BME scene being displayed has been viewed in its entirety at least once. Icons may be revealed or links enabled according to other rules or schedules specified by the author. For example, icons could be hidden within the frame of the main image in a non-visible manner, and discoverable only via mouse-pointer exploration by a user. Thus, in  FIG. 6  displayed items such as the cell phone  601 , car keys  603 , the television  610 , and the lipstick  612  can be associated with links in many different ways, such as when the narrative is created or upon the occurrence of conditions. The structure of the links is such that they may be used to combine non-BME scenes in a manner that allows different exit points from a non-BME scene, and different entry points to a non-BME scene, upon the occurrence of different conditions as established by the narrative&#39;s author. 
     To assist a user in navigating through the video narrative, one embodiment of the present invention provides a displayable map which is a visual representation of non-BME scenes and links that make up the video narrative. The map can include features indicating to a user which non-BME scenes have been viewed, and permitting a user to plan which non-BME scenes to view. One depiction of a map of the present invention is shown in  FIG. 7 . Non-BME scenes are represented by circles, and links are represented by arrows between non-BME scenes. In the embodiment shown, the scenes are identified by symbols within the circles. The map can be an interactive object that can be zoomed on to reveal ever greater detail of the non-BME scenes traversed. Details can include, for example, characters present, location, language, or assigned ratings that are indicative of suitability of non-BME scenes for a particular audience. 
     Note that the narrative of the present invention can be created without the existence of hierarchies between non-BME scenes, so that a user can view any non-BME scene at any time unless restrictions are imposed by the author. Thus, in general, a user may begin by viewing any non-BME scene, then link to any other non-BME scene for which links have been established. No interactivity or other information input is required of the viewer; rather, using the method described, the viewer selects his or her way through the story, similar to the way one browses or surfs the Web. 
     In one embodiment of the present invention, the data structure of a video narrative preferably permits unconstrained development in terms of authoring new non-BME scenes and links, and creating new tools for rendering and browsing a video narrative. Non-BME scenes can be individual files stored in directories or folders. The data structure can be made up of files organized into folders or directories and stored in a repository. The repository can be located on some type of computer readable data storage medium located on a storage device. Computer readable storage media include, for example, an optical storage medium such as a compact disc or a digital versatile disc, on a magnetic storage medium such as a magnetic disc or magnetic tape or, alternatively, in a memory chip. The repository can be located on a single storage device or distributed among several storage devices located across networks. In addition to files for each non-BME scene, the data structure can include data elements or documents in a markup language such as, for example, extensible markup language (“XML”), which are stored in files. Table 1 shows an example of a data structure or file system stored in the repository. At the top level, the top level directory, “Abacus folder,” includes a file “Abacus1.xml” which contains the XML definition of the video narrative and any globally shared resources such as branding elements. The file also includes a pointer to a first non-BME scene that may be viewed, credits and URLs to permit user access to relevant web sites. The “logo.gif” file contains branding information, and the “Path1.xml” file contains non-BME scene and transition sequence information. 
     In a “Scene Folder” subdirectory under the “Abacus folder” directory is contained scene files. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 ABACUS FOLDER 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Abacus1.xml 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Contains: Abacus name, homepage URL, credits, logo URL, 
               
               
                   
                 first scene pointer. 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Logo.gif 
               
               
                   
                 Path1.xml 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Contains scene and transition sequence history 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 SCENE FOLDER 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Scene1.xml 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Contains: Name, Abacus URL, Script URL, Loop video 
               
               
                   
                 URL, Outward link1 
               
               
                   
                 Target type (scene, Web, etc.), start and stop time, 
               
               
                   
                 destination URL, destination start frame 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Script.doc 
               
               
                   
                 Videoasset1.* 
               
               
                   
                 Videoasset2.* 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The video narrative of the present invention can be displayed on a client device  800  as shown in  FIG. 8 . The client device is a device operated by a user and includes a processor  802  operatively coupled via a bus  818  to an input device  804 , a memory device  808 , a storage device  805 , an output device  806  and optionally a network interface  816 . The input device  804  is a device capable of receiving inputs from a user, and communicating the inputs to processor  802 . Inputs can include data, commands, and instructions. An input device  804  can include devices such as a keyboard, a mouse-pointer, a joystick, and a touch screen device. Storage device  805  is a device for reading from and optionally writing to computer readable media loaded into the storage device  805 . Thus, computer readable media can include, for example, a magnetic hard discs, magnetic tapes, or optical discs. The storage device  805  provides non-volatile data storage and stores programs that can be executed by processor  802  to control and manipulate the client device  800  as desired. Stored programs can include, for example, browser  809 , rendering program  810  and operating system  814 . Also on the storage device  805  can be stored data files  812  which can include the data structure of the video narrative of the present invention. Thus, the storage device  805  can store the repository or portions of the repository for access by the processor  802 . The output device  806  transmits information from the processor  802  to the user. The output device  806  can include for example, a video monitor and speakers. The network interface  816  converts information transmitted to it via bus  818  into a form suitable for transmission over a network and vice versa. The memory device  808  is a temporary store of information and data that is stored in a convenient form for access by processor  802 . 
     When using the client device  800  to view a video narrative, the user inputs instructions to the input device  804  causing the processor  802  to appropriately manipulate the client device. The operating system program  814  contains instructions and code necessary for the processor  802  to manipulate the client device. Upon receiving instructions to display a video narrative, processor  802  loads and executes browser program  809  and rendering program  810 . Executing rendering program  810  causes processor  802  to access data files  812 , some of which may be stored on the storage device  805  or may be remotely located on remote storage devices connected to the client device  800 . For convenience and rapid access by processor  802 , data files  812  can be stored in memory device  808 . Data files  812  are read and the video narrative contained in the files is converted into a form useable by browser  809  in conformance with instructions received from the user via input device  804 . Executing browser  809  causes the processor  802  to convert the output of the rendering program  810  into a form useable by the output device  806 . The processor also executes the browser  809  to transmit the converted output to the output device  806  and to control the output device  806  appropriately. 
     The narrative may also be presented over a networked environment of the type shown in  FIG. 9 . The client device  902  can be a computer, a digital versatile disc player, a personal digital assistant or other device having a processor coupled via a bus to a memory device. In this embodiment, the client device  902  is coupled to a network  906  through a network interface. Also connected to the network  906  is the server computer  908  and, optionally, author computer  910 . The server computer  908  includes a processor coupled to a memory device and a network interface via a bus. Optionally, the server computer  908  can also include a storage device, an input device, and an output device. Thus, the server computer can include components similar to the client device depicted in  FIG. 8 . Although  FIG. 9  shows a single client device  902 , server computer  908 , and author computer  910 , those skilled in the art will understand that other embodiments of the present invention can include multiple client devices  902 , server computers  908 , and author computers  910  connected to the network  906 . 
     The client device  902  can access a repository containing at least a portion of the browseable narrative stored on the server computer  908 . The repository can be stored on a storage device in the server computer  908 . In accessing the repository, the client device  902  can send an command to the server computer  908  instructing the server computer to transmit a non-BME scene to the client device  902 , which can display the non-BME scene as it is received. A rendering program executed by the server computer  908  can read data files contained that make up the browseable narrative in the repository and convert them into a form that can be displayed on the client device  902  using a browser program running on the client device. Optionally, the data files can be transmitted to the client computer  902  where they can be rendered and displayed. 
     The author computer  910  can include components and devices similar to the client device  902 . However, the author computer  910  includes authoring software that can be stored in a memory device which is coupled to a processor via a bus. The authoring software includes code or a program executable by the processor that permits an author to create and edit and view a browseable narrative of the present invention. Thus, the authoring software enables video editing, creating and editing multimedia files, and creating and editing links, non-BME scenes and linear scenes, display instructions, and conditions. Data files and program files may be created in the authoring process. The authoring program also permits the creation, editing and maintenance of the repository in which can be stored the browseable narrative data and program files. The author computer  910  and its authoring software can create and access the repository, which may be stored on the author computer  910  or a device directly connected thereto, or on a remotely located server computer  908 , or remotely client device  902 . 
     When a narrative of the present invention is created, that narrative consists of non-BME scenes linked together according to an overall map. The narrative is non-linear and non-branching. Because each non-BME scene has no beginning, middle, or end, a combination of non-BME scenes allows a continuous, unlimited, and seamless narrative. The user has flexibility as to what particular non-BME scenes to view, although the narrative authors may override this user discretion upon certain conditions. As described above, non-BME scenes, connected through links, may be added or deleted upon the occurrence or non-occurrence of certain conditions expressed in any given non-BME scene. User navigation and control may occur through icons placed in a non-BME scene, through other cues (including graphical, audio, or textual cues), both operated in conjunction with the computer system described above. 
     The resultant narrative of the present invention may be presented to the user by any conveyance mode existing in the art. For example, the narrative may be available on the Internet, which allows a user to log-on to the relevant narrative Internet site to view the narrative. The narrative may also be presented to the user through common conveyance modes such as satellite transmissions, cable television (or audio) transmissions, or through the conveyance systems offered by personal video recorders. In addition, removable media may be used as a conveyance method for a narrative of the present invention, such that DVD&#39;s or compact disks may be used to store the narrative for later playback on the appropriate player equipment of the art. 
     A system of the present invention allows, as one embodiment, the creation of a narrative by use of a personal computer of the type known in the art, and using software in conjunction with that hardware to manipulate the various elements of the narrative. On a computer system, users may view the narrative (if in the embodiment of a video narrative) through appropriate playback software such as Windows MediaPlayer, RealPlayer, Macromedia Player, and the like. Specialized software may also be created to allow the user to play the narrative in a manner that allows the acceptance and processing of commands. Likewise, specialized software may also be created to allow the author to create a narrative in a manner that allows the acceptance and processing of commands. 
     The narratives of the present invention may be used in a variety of applications. For example, the narratives may be used for entertainment purposes, such as in video narratives, music or video games. The narratives may also be used for educational purposes in a manner which allows a student to progress through the narrative and create his or her own educational experience in a non-repetitive manner. The narratives may also be used for advertising purposes and other purposes that take advantage of the non-BME scenes and the unique, browseable narratives created by the present invention. 
     The narratives of the present invention result in the creation of a viewing experience that is unique to each user. A user, through the selection of links, control points, and other narrative controls, will view a non-BME scenes, or series of non-BME scenes, in a unique manner. The potentially limitless possibilities when viewing each non-BME scene (or scenes) results in an equally potentially limitless variation for a viewer&#39;s experience. 
     As detailed, the present invention result in the ability for authors to create a potentially limitless number of narratives through the application of one or a plurality of non-BME scenes, links, control points, and maps. The author&#39;s creation of a narrative can vary depending on the techniques described in the present invention so as to create the ability for users to establish their own viewing experience. 
     As will be understood by those skilled in the art, many changes in the apparatus and methods described above may be made by the skilled practitioner without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.