Patent Publication Number: US-2022215734-A1

Title: Monitoring and Signaling System and Related Method to Prevent the Abandonment of Infants and/or Pets in Vehicles

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This patent application claims priority from Italian Patent Application No. 102019000006092 filed on Apr. 18, 2019, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to a monitoring and signaling system and to a method to prevent the abandonment of infants and/or pets in vehicles thereof. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     As is known, in recent years, the number of cases of abandonment of infants and/or pets, such as dogs, in closed vehicles and in adverse conditions (for example, in conditions of extreme heat) by parents or by pet caretakers (for example, dogsitters or catsitters) has increased; in particular, such situations of abandonment can compromise the physical and/or mental health of the infant and/or pet, since the latter are exposed to potentially deadly events. 
     Therefore, monitoring and signaling systems and methods adapted for preventing such events of abandonment events have been developed. 
     An example of a known monitoring and signaling system to prevent the abandonment of infants in vehicles is shown in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     With joint reference to  FIGS. 1A and 1B , the system, indicated with reference numeral  1 , comprises a child seat  2 , which may be housed in a vehicle  3  (for example, a car); in particular, the child seat  2  can be reversibly coupled with a seat (for example, rear) of the vehicle  3 . 
     The child seat  2  is coupled to a detection and signaling device for a seat  5  (defined hereinafter as device  5 ), housed in an additional pad, which may be releasably coupled with the bottom part of the child seat  2  (for example, through velcro). Alternatively, the device  5  is integrated in the bottom part of the child seat  2 . 
       FIG. 2  schematically shows the device  5 , comprising a pressure detection unit  10 , defined hereinafter as pressure sensor  10 , and a first beacon  11 , coupled to the pressure sensor  10  through suitable electric connection elements (for example electric cables, not shown). The pressure sensor  10  is powered through a battery (not shown), which can be rechargeable (for example, through solar energy) or non-rechargeable. 
     In particular, the pressure sensor  10  is configured to detect the presence of the infant on the child seat  2 ; in detail, when the infant is arranged on the child seat  2 , the pressure sensor  10  detects the presence of the infant (for example, through capacitive detection) and generates a corresponding electric signal, which is transmitted to the first beacon  11 . 
     The first beacon  11  is, in a first approximation, a point-like source, for example positioned in a first point O′, configured to emit a first signal S 1 , for example in radio frequency, using, for example, Bluetooth Low Energy technology, based on the aforementioned electric signal. In particular, the first signal S 1  is emitted by the first beacon  11  with a first periodicity T 1 , comprised, for example, between 1 ms and 200 ms (for example 100 ms). 
     The system  1  further comprises a mobile device  7 , for example a smartphone, a tablet or a notebook, schematically shown in  FIG. 3 . In particular, the mobile device  7  comprises: a receiver  13 , for example a Bluetooth one, configured to receive the first signal S 1 ; an integrated logic  14 , connected to the receiver  13 ; and a memory  15 , connected to the integrated logic  14 . 
     The integrated logic  14  is configured to process the first signal S 1  to generate a first processed datum; in particular, the first processed datum is a datum, obtained through known algorithms adapted to convert the first signal S 1  into a corresponding distance between the mobile device  7  and the first beacon  11  (i.e. the device  5 ). 
     The integrated logic  14  is further configured to verify, based on the distance obtained from the first signal S 1 , that the mobile device  7  is positioned in a first signaling region  6  (shown with a dashed line in  FIGS. 1A-1B ); in particular, the first signaling region  6  is a predetermined geometric space having, for example, a spherical shape with radius R th1  (for example equal to five meters) and center coinciding with the first point O′. Furthermore, the first radius R th1  represents a reference distance with respect to which the integrated logic  14  compares the corresponding distance. In particular, the system  1  is in a proximity condition when the corresponding distance of the mobile device  7  with respect to the device  5  is less than the first radius R th1 , i.e. it is in the first signaling region  6 ; furthermore, the system  20  is in a distance condition when the corresponding distance of the mobile device  7  with respect to the device  5  is greater than the first radius R th1 , i.e. when it is outside the first signaling region  6 . 
     Furthermore, the integrated logic  14  is configured to generate a monitoring signal when it detects that the system  20  is in the distance condition. 
     Furthermore, the integrated logic  14  is configured to execute an application (“app”), installed in the mobile device  7 , to generate a signaling notification as a function of the corresponding monitoring signal; in particular, the signaling notification is, for example, an SMS or an acoustic signal. 
     In addition, the integrated logic  14  of the mobile device  7  is configured to determine in a per se known way a GPS (“Global Positioning System”) position of the mobile device  7  through a GPS receiver  16  (schematically shown in  FIG. 3 ), the latter coupled to the integrated logic  14 . In detail, the integrated logic  14  activates the GPS receiver  16  only when it detects that the system  20  is in the proximity condition. 
     In use, the system  1  operates according to a monitoring and signaling method described in detail hereinafter with reference to  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     In a first operative step, in particular at a first time instant to,  FIG. 1A , the infant is arranged on the child seat  2  and, therefore, on the device  5 ; consequently, the pressure sensor  10  detects the presence of the infant, generates an electric signal and transmits it to the first beacon  11 , which is activated and generates the first signal S 1 . 
     At a second time instant t 1 , defined as the sum between the first time instant to and a first time interval Δt 0, 1  (i.e. the propagation time of the first signal S 1  from the device  5  to the mobile device  7  in the step of  FIG. 1A ), the receiver  13  receives the first signal S 1  and transmits it to the integrated logic  14 ; the integrated logic  14  processes the aforementioned first signal S 1  according to the previously described modalities to determine the first processed datum, i.e. a first distance (indicated hereinafter with do), present between the mobile device  7  and the device  5  at the second time instant t 1 . 
     Thereafter, the integrated logic  14  carries out a verification through the app, in which it compares the first distance do with the radius R th1  of the first signaling region  6  to determine whether the mobile device  7  is in the first signaling region  6 . In the first operative step shown in  FIG. 1A , the integrated logic  14  determines, through the app, that the first distance do is less than the radius R th1  (proximity condition), i.e. the mobile device  7  is close to the device  5 . 
     After the aforementioned verification, the integrated logic  14  activates the GPS receiver  16 , which determines a first GPS position P 0  of the mobile device  7  at the second time instant t 1 ; thereafter, the integrated logic  14  receives the aforementioned first GPS position P 0  and memorizes it in the memory  15 . 
     After verifying and determining the first GPS position P 0 , in the first operative step, the integrated logic  14  generates a first signaling notification, for example showing the phrase “baby on board” on the mobile device  7  (for example, on the screen of the mobile device  7 ); in particular, the first signaling notification is adapted for warning the user of the mobile device  7  (for example, a parent or a babysitter) that the infant is on the child seat  2  and in the vehicle  3  and that the mobile device  7  is in the first signaling region  6 . 
     In the second operative step, in particular at a third time instant t 2 , after the second time instant t 1 ,  FIG. 1B , the first beacon  11  is activated and once again emits the first signal S 1 , since, in this step, the infant is still on the child seat  2 . 
     Therefore, at a fourth time instant t 3 , defined as the sum between the third time instant t 2  and a second time interval Δt 0, 2  (i.e. the propagation time of the first signal S 1  from the device  5  to the mobile device  7  in the step of  FIG. 1B ), the receiver  13  receives the first signal S 1  and sends it to the integrated logic  14 ; in particular, the integrated logic  14  processes the aforementioned first signal S 1  to determine a second distance d 1 , present between the mobile device  7  and the device  5  at the fourth time instant t 3 . 
     The integrated logic  14  once again carries out the verification step through the app, in which it compares the second distance d 1  with the radius R th1  of the first signaling region  6 , i.e. whether the system  20  is in the proximity condition at the fourth time instant t 3 . In particular, in the second operative step, the integrated logic  14  determines that the second distance d 1  is greater than the radius R th1  (distance condition) and, therefore, the mobile device  7  is far from the device  5 . In other words, the integrated logic  14  determines whether the infant on the child seat  2  has been abandoned in the vehicle  3 . Consequently, the integrated logic  14  generates a first monitoring signal S m0  indicative of the distance condition of the mobile device  7 ; based on the first monitoring signal S m0 , the integrated logic  14  generates, through the app, a second signaling notification on the mobile device  7 , for example showing the phrase “baby on board”, adapted for signaling the user of the abandonment in the vehicle  3  of the child seat  2  (and therefore of the infant). 
     The monitoring and signaling method described above memorizes the most recent GPS position associated with a respective distance from the device  5  only when the aforementioned positioning verification in the first signaling region  6  gives a positive outcome (i.e. the mobile device  7  is in the first signaling region  6 ). 
     Further examples of systems and of relative monitoring and signaling methods are described in US patent US 2018/0322758 A1. 
     Monitoring systems for infants and for pets in a vehicle are also known, like, for example, the monitoring and signaling system indicated in the article “Low-cost low-power in-vehicle occupant detection with mm-wave FMCW radar” by Alizadeh M. et al. (https://arxiv.org/pdf/1908.04417pdf). 
     However, the aforementioned systems and methods have drawbacks. 
     In particular, with reference to the system  1  of  FIGS. 1A and 1B  and to the relative method and as discussed earlier, the sending of the signaling notifications is subject to a verification of the position of the mobile device  7  in a predetermined spatial region (i.e. the first signaling region  6 ), centered in the first beacon  11  of the device  5 . 
     However, in some cases, the verification operation by the integrated logic  14  can generate false alarms. For example, when the infant is arranged on the child seat  2 , but it is not in the vehicle  3 , and the mobile device  7  is outside the first signaling region  6 , the integrated logic  14  of the mobile device  7  detects the distance condition and, therefore, generates a corresponding signaling notification; such a signaling notification represents a false alarm, since the infant has not been abandoned in the vehicle  3 . 
     Similar considerations are also valid for monitoring and signaling systems for pets. 
     DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION 
     The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and a method that at least partially overcome the drawbacks of the prior art. 
     According to the present invention a monitoring and signaling system and a relative method for preventing the abandonment of infants in vehicles are made, as defined in the attached claims. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       In order to provide a better understanding of the present invention preferred embodiments thereof will now be described, purely as a non-limiting example, with reference to the attached drawings, in which: 
         FIGS. 1A-1B  schematically show views from above of a known monitoring and signaling system in a first and a second operative step, respectively; 
         FIG. 2  schematically shows a signaling and detection device forming part of the monitoring and signaling system of  FIGS. 1A-1B ; 
         FIG. 3  schematically shows a mobile device forming part of the monitoring and signaling system of  FIGS. 1A-1B ; 
         FIG. 4  schematically shows a view from above of the present monitoring and signaling system used for monitoring the presence of an infant in a vehicle; 
         FIGS. 5A-5B  schematically show views from above of the monitoring and signaling system of  FIG. 4  in a first operative mode; 
         FIGS. 6A-6C  schematically show views from above of the monitoring and signaling system of  FIG. 4  in a second operative mode; 
         FIG. 7  schematically shows a view from above of the monitoring and signaling system in a third operative mode; 
         FIG. 8  schematically shows a signaling and detection device forming part of the monitoring and signaling system of  FIGS. 4-7  used for monitoring the presence of an infant or of a pet in the vehicle; 
         FIG. 9  schematically shows a signaling and detection device configured to be coupled to the vehicle and forming part of the monitoring and signaling system of  FIGS. 4-7  according to an alternative embodiment; 
         FIGS. 10A and 10B  schematically show a signaling and detection device forming part of the monitoring and signaling system of  FIGS. 4-7  according to an alternative embodiment with respect to the embodiment of  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIGS. 11A and 11B  schematically show a signaling and detection device forming part of the monitoring and signaling system of  FIGS. 4-7  according to an alternative embodiment with respect to the embodiment of  FIG. 10  in a first and a second position; 
         FIGS. 12A and 12B  schematically show a signaling and detection device forming part of the monitoring and signaling system of  FIGS. 4-7  according to an alternative embodiment with respect to the embodiment of  FIGS. 10 and 11A-11B  in a first and a second position; and 
         FIG. 13  schematically shows a view from above of the present monitoring and signaling system used for monitoring the presence of a pet inside the vehicle. 
     
    
    
     BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION 
       FIG. 4  schematically shows a monitoring and signaling system  20  (indicated hereinafter as system  20 ); in particular, the system  20  has a similar structure to the system  1  of  FIGS. 1A-1B, 2-3  and, therefore, it will be described limited to the differences with respect to the aforementioned system  1 . 
     In particular, the vehicle  3  is coupled to a second beacon  28 , arranged, for example, on the dashboard of the vehicle  3 . In greater detail, the second beacon  28  is, in a first approximation, a point-like source, for example positioned at a second point O″, configured to emit, independently from the first beacon  11 , a second signal S 2 , for example in radio frequency, using, for example, Bluetooth Low Energy technology; in particular, the second signal S 2  is emitted with a second periodicity T 2 , which, as a non-limiting example, is assumed to be equal to the first periodicity T 1  (i.e. comprised, for example, between 1 ms and 200 ms, for example 100 ms). 
     In further embodiments, the second periodicity T 2  is defined as the sum between the first periodicity T 1  and a delay ΔT, for example equal to 1 ms; in this way, in use, the receiver  13  of the mobile device  7  receives the second signal S 2  with a delay equal to the delay ΔT with respect to the first signal S 1 . 
     Assuming, for the sake of simplicity, that the first and the second beacon  11 ,  28  respectively emit the first and the second signal S 1 , S 2  at the same time instant, the first and the second beacon  11 ,  28  emit the first and the second signal S 1 , S 2  in an approximately spherical region (not shown and defined hereinafter as region of maximum reception), with radius equal, for example, to 70 meters. In greater detail, in the hypothetical case in which the first and the second signal S 1 , S 2  propagate in free space, the receiver  13  of the mobile device  7  has a sensitivity such as to be capable of correctly receive (and thus process to determine the corresponding data) both the first and the second signal S 1 , S 2 , when inside the aforementioned region of maximum reception. 
     The integrated logic  14  is further configured to process the second signal S 2  to generate a second processed datum; in particular, the second processed datum is a datum obtained through known algorithms adapted to determine, from the second signal S 2 , a corresponding distance between the mobile device  7  and the second beacon  28  from the second signal S 2 . 
     The integrated logic  14  is further configured to verify, based on the distance obtained from the second signal S 2 , that the mobile device  7  is positioned in a second signaling region  30  (shown with a dashed line in  FIG. 4 ); in particular, the second signaling region  30  is a predetermined geometric space having, for example, a spherical shape with radius R th2  (for example equal to twenty meters) and center coinciding with the second point O″. Without any loss of generality, the radius R th1  of the first signaling region  6  is less than the radius R th2  of the second signaling region  30 . In addition, the radii R th1 , R th2  of the first and the second signaling region  6 ,  30  respectively are less with respect to the radius of the region of maximum reception. 
     In particular, the system  20  is in a proximity condition when the distances obtained from the first and second signals S 1 , S 2  are less, respectively, than the first and second radius R th1 , R th2 , i.e. the mobile device  7  is both in the first and in the second signaling region  6 ,  30 ; furthermore, the system  20  is in a distance condition when the aforementioned distances are both greater than the first and the second radius R th1 , R th2  respectively, i.e. the mobile device  7  is outside of both the first and the second signaling region  6 ,  30 . 
     In addition, the system  20  is in a first intermediate condition when the distance obtained from the first signal S 1  is greater than the first radius R th1  and the distance obtained from the second signal S 2  is less than the second radius R th2 , i.e. the mobile device  7  is outside the first signaling region  6  and inside the second signaling region  30 ; furthermore, the system  20  is in a second intermediate condition when the distance obtained from the first signal S 1  is less than the first radius R th1  and the distance obtained from the second signal S 2  is greater than the second radius R th2 , i.e. the mobile device  7  is inside the first signaling region  6  and outside the second signaling region  30 . 
     Furthermore, the integrated logic  14  is configured to generate respective monitoring signals when it detects that the mobile device  7  is in the first or in the second intermediate condition or in the distance condition. 
     Furthermore, the integrated logic  14  is configured to execute the app to generate a signaling notification as a function of the aforementioned monitoring signals; in particular, the signaling notification is, for example, an SMS or an acoustic signal generated by the mobile device  7 . 
     In a further embodiment of the device  5 , shown in  FIG. 8  and alternative to the embodiment of  FIG. 2 , the aforementioned device  5  comprises, as well as the pressure sensor  10  and the first beacon  11  and a battery (indicated in  FIG. 8  with reference numeral  32 ), a further battery  33 , of the rechargeable type; in particular, the further battery  33  is connected to a solar cell  34 , the latter being adapted for charging the further battery  33  through a conversion of solar energy into electric energy. In addition, the device  5  comprises a signaling element  35 , for example a buzzer, adapted for generating a signal (for example a vibration or an acoustic signal) adapted for identifying various types of notifications, like, for example, a correct installation of the device  5 , as well as of the app on the mobile device  7  (i.e. a correct installation of the set-up for the operation of the system  20 ), a correct seating or a correct detection of the infant and/or of the pet and anomalies in the operation of the device  5 . The device  5  shown in  FIG. 8  operates in an analogous manner to what is described with reference to the device  5  of  FIG. 2 . Furthermore, the device  5  of  FIG. 8  can be used both for the detection of the presence of an infant on a child seat  2  and for the detection of the presence of a pet in the vehicle  3 ; in the first case, the device  5  of  FIG. 8  is arranged on the bottom part of the child seat  2  or it can be integrated into it and, in the second case, the device  5  of  FIG. 8  is arranged, for example, on the surface of the bed of the boot of the vehicle  3  or on the surface of a base of a pet carrier adapted for containing the pet to be transported. 
     In use, the system  20  operates according to a monitoring and signaling method described in detail hereinafter. In particular, three operating modes are described hereinafter, alternative to one another. In particular, hereinafter and without any loss of generality, reference is made to a monitoring and signaling method for monitoring whether or not an infant is present on the child seat  2 . In addition, for the sake of simplicity of description, hereinafter reference is made to a device of the type shown in  FIG. 2 ; similar considerations extend to the devices of the type shown in  FIG. 8 . 
     Hereinafter, it is assumed, without any loss of generality, that the system  20  of  FIG. 4  represents a first operative step (in particular, in a first time instant t 0 ′) common to the three operative modes described hereinafter. 
     In greater detail, the operative step shown in  FIG. 4  is analogous to the first operative step described with reference to  FIG. 1A . 
     In a first time instant t 0 ′, the infant is arranged on the child seat  2  and, therefore, on the device  5 ; consequently, the pressure sensor  10  detects the presence of the infant, generates an electric signal and transmits it to the first beacon  11 , which is activated and generates the first signal S 1 . 
     At the first time instant t 0 ′, the second beacon  28  emits the second signal S 2  independently from the first beacon  11 . For the sake of simplicity of description and without any loss of generality, it is assumed that the first and the second beacon  11 ,  28  emit the respective first and second signal S 1 , S 2  in the same first time instant t 0 ′. Furthermore, it is assumed that the mobile device  7  receives the aforementioned first and second signal S 1 , S 2  at the same time instant; in other words, hereinafter, for the sake of simplicity, the distance between first and second beacon  11 ,  28  will be ignored, except where specified otherwise. 
     At a second time instant t 1 ′, defined as the sum between the first time instant t 0 ′ and a first time interval Δt 0, 1 ′, the receiver  13  receives the first signal S 1  and transmits it to the integrated logic  14 ; in detail, the integrated logic  14  processes the aforementioned first signal S 1  according to the previously described modalities to determine the first processed datum, i.e. a first distance d 0 ′ of the mobile device  7  with respect to the device  5  at the second time instant t 1 ′. 
     At the same second time instant t 1 ′, the receiver  13  further receives the second signal S 2  and transmits it to the integrated logic  14 ; in detail, the integrated logic  14  processes the aforementioned second signal S 2  according to the previously described modalities with reference to the first signal to determine the processed second datum, i.e. a second distance d 0 ″ of the mobile device  7  with respect to the second beacon  28  at the second time instant t 1 ′. 
     It should be noted that, since the receiver  13  receives both the first and the second signal S 1 , S 2  at the second time instant t 1 ′, the first time interval Δt 0, 1 ′ represents the propagation time of the first and second signals S 1 , S 2  from the device  5  and from the second beacon  28  respectively to the receiver  13  in the step of  FIG. 4 . 
     The first and the second signals S 1 , S 2  received at the second time instant t 1 ′ form a first pair of signals. 
     Thereafter, the integrated logic  14  carries out a first verification through the app, in which it compares the first distance d 0 ′ with the radius R th1  of the first signaling region  6  to determine whether the mobile device  7  is in the first signaling region  6 . In the operative step of  FIG. 4 , the integrated logic  14  determines, through the app, that the first distance d 0 ′ is less than the radius R th1  and, therefore, that the mobile device  7  is close to the device  5 . 
     At the same second time instant t 1 ′, the integrated logic  14  carries out a second verification through the app, in which it compares the second distance d 0 ″ with the radius R th2  of the second signaling region  30  to determine whether the mobile device  7  is in the second signaling region  30 . In the step shown in  FIG. 4 , the integrated logic  14  determines that the second distance d 0 ″ is less than the radius R th2 , i.e. that the mobile device  7  is close to the second beacon  28  (and, therefore, to the vehicle  3 ). 
     Therefore, since both the verification of the first distance d 0 ′ with respect to the radius R th1  and the verification of the second distance d 0 ″ with respect to the radius R th2  have given a positive outcome, i.e. the system  20  is in the proximity condition, the integrated logic  14  activates the GPS receiver  16 , which determines a first GPS position P 0 ′ of the mobile device  7  at the second time instant t 1 ′. Thereafter, the first GPS position P 0 ′, which is associated to the first and the second distance d 0 ′, d 0 ″, is received by the integrated logic  14  and is memorized in the memory  15 . 
     Furthermore, in the operative step described above, the integrated logic  14  executes the app to generate a first signaling notification, for example a text notification showing the phrase “baby on board” on the mobile device  7  (for example, on the screen); such a signaling notification makes it possible to warn the user of the mobile device  7  that the infant is on board the vehicle  3 . 
       FIGS. 5A-5B  show successive steps of a first operative mode, which follow the step shown in  FIG. 4 . In greater detail, each of the steps shown in  FIGS. 5A-5B  carries out the same operations described with reference to  FIG. 4 . 
     In particular,  FIG. 5A , at a third time instant t 2 ′, after the second time instant t 1 ′, the infant is still arranged on the child seat  2  and, therefore, on the device  5 ; consequently, also in this step, the first beacon  11  emits the first signal S 1 . At the same third time instant t 2 ′, the second beacon  28  once again emits the second signal S 2 . 
     At a fourth time instant t 3 ′, defined as the sum between the third time instant t 2 ′ and a second time interval Δt 0, 2 ′, the receiver  13  receives the first signal S 1  and transmits it to the integrated logic  14 ; the integrated logic  14  processes the aforementioned first signal S 1  according to the previously described modalities to once again determine the first processed datum, i.e. a third distance d 1  of the mobile device  7  with respect to the device  5  at the fourth time instant t 3 ′. 
     At the same fourth time instant t 3 ′, the receiver  13  receives the second signal S 2  and transmits it to the integrated logic  14 ; in detail, the integrated logic  14  processes the aforementioned second signal S 2  according to the previously described modalities with reference to the first signal S 1  to once again determine the processed second datum, i.e. a fourth distance d 1 ′ of the mobile device  7  with respect to the second beacon  28  at the fourth time instant t 3 ′. 
     In particular, the first and the second signal S 1 , S 2  received at the fourth time instant t 3 ′ form a second pair of signals. 
     Furthermore, similarly to what was discussed with reference to the first time interval Δt 0, 1 ′, the second time interval Δt 0, 2 ′ represents the propagation time of the first and of the second signal S 1 , S 2  from the device  5  and from the second beacon  28  respectively to the receiver  13  in the step of  FIG. 5A . 
     Thereafter, the integrated logic  14  once again carries out the first verification through the app, in which it compares the third distance d 1  with the radius R th1  of the first signaling region  6  to determine whether the mobile device  7  is in the first signaling region  6 . In the operative step of  FIG. 5A , the integrated logic  14  determines that the third distance d 1  is greater than the radius R th1  of the first signaling region  6 , i.e. that the mobile device  7  is far from the device  5 . 
     At the same fourth time instant t 3 ′, the integrated logic  14  further carries out the second verification through the app, in which it compares the fourth distance d 1 ′ with the radius R th2  of the second signaling region  30  to determine whether the mobile device  7  is in the second signaling region  30 . In the step shown in  FIG. 5A , the integrated logic  14  determines that the fourth distance d 1 ′ is less than the radius R th2  and, therefore, the mobile device  7  is close to the second beacon  28 . 
     Therefore, in  FIG. 5A , the mobile device  7  is in the first intermediate condition. 
     In the operative step described above, the integrated logic  14  generates a second monitoring signal S m1 , indicative of the first intermediate condition of the mobile device  7 ; based on the second monitoring signal S m1 , the integrated logic  14  generates, through the app, a second signaling notification, for example a text notification showing the phrase “baby on board” for example on the screen of the mobile device  7 . Furthermore, in the operative step of  FIG. 5A , the integrated logic  14  deactivates the GPS receiver  16 , i.e. it does not determine the GPS position of the mobile device  7  at the fourth time instant t 3 ′, since at least one of the aforementioned verifications based on the third and fourth distance d 1 , d 1 ′ has given a negative outcome. In this way, the first GPS position P 0 ′ determined in the operative step described with reference to  FIG. 4  is kept in the memory  15  of the mobile device  7 . 
       FIG. 5B  shows a step after the step described with reference to  FIG. 5A ; in particular, in the step of  FIG. 5B , the same operations described with reference to FIG.  5 A are repeated at moments of time after those indicated with reference to  FIG. 5A . 
     In greater detail, at a fifth time instant t 4 ′, after the fourth time instant t 3 ′, the first and the second beacon  11 ,  28  respectively emit the first and the second signal S 1 , S 2 . The first and the second signal S 1 , S 2  thus emitted are received by the receiver  13  at a sixth time instant t 5 ′, the latter defined as the sum between the fifth time instant t 4 ′ and a third time interval Δt 0, 3 ′. 
     The first and the second signal S 1 , S 2  received at the sixth time instant t 5 ′ form a third pair of signals. 
     Furthermore, similarly to what is discussed with reference to the first and to the second time interval Δt 0, 1 ′, Δt 0, 2 ′, the third time interval Δt 0, 3 ′ represents the propagation time of the first and of the second signal S 1 , S 2  respectively from the device  5  and from the second beacon  28  to the receiver  13  in the step of  FIG. 5B . 
     Consequently, the receiver  13  transmits the first and the second signal S 1 , S 2  thus received to the integrated logic  14 , so that the latter determines, according to the previously described modalities, a fifth and a sixth distance d 2 , d 2 ′ between the mobile device  7  and, respectively, the device  5  and the second beacon  28 . Thereafter, the integrated logic  14  once again carries out the first and the second verification through the app, in which it compares the fifth and the sixth distance d 2 , d 2 ′ with the radii R th1 , R th2  of the first and the second signaling region  6 ,  30  respectively to determine whether the mobile device  7  is in the first and/or the second signaling region  6 ,  30 . In the operative step of  FIG. 5B , the integrated logic  14  determines that the fifth and the sixth distance d 2 , d 2 ′ are greater than the radii R th1 , R th2  (distance condition) respectively and, therefore, that the mobile device  7  is far both from the second beacon  28  and from the device  5 . 
     Therefore, in the operative step described above, the integrated logic  14  generates a third monitoring signal S m2  indicative of the distance condition of the mobile device  7 ; therefore, based on the third monitoring signal S m2 , the integrated logic  14  generates a third signaling notification, for example a text notification showing the phrase “baby on board” for example on the screen of the mobile device  7 . Furthermore, also in this case, the integrated logic  14  deactivates the GPS receiver  16 , i.e. it does not acquire the GPS position of the mobile device  7  at the sixth time instant t 5 ′, so that the first GPS position P 0 ′ determined in the operative step described with reference to  FIG. 4  is kept in the memory  15  of the mobile device  7 . 
     In further embodiments, the integrated logic  14  carries out a third verification, adapted for determining the veracity of the aforementioned notification of abandonment of the infant ( FIG. 5B ). In particular, at a seventh time instant t 6 ′, defined as the sum between the sixth time instant t 5 ′ and a verification time interval Δt ver  (for example, equal to 60 s), the mobile device  7  carries out the same operations described with reference to  FIGS. 4 and 5A-5B ; in other words, the system  20  is once again operated to determine the distances of the mobile device  7  itself with respect to the device  5  and the second beacon  28  and verify that the aforementioned distances are such that the mobile device  7  is in the first and/or in the second signaling region  6 ,  30  (therefore, that the mobile device  7  is in the proximity condition or in the first intermediate condition). If the mobile device  7  is in the first and in the second signaling region  6 ,  30  (proximity condition), the integrated logic  14  determines that the signaling notification generated in the step shown in  FIG. 5B  was not an indication of an actual abandonment of the infant in the vehicle  3 , since, at the seventh time instant t 6 ′, the mobile device  7  is once again close to the child seat  2  and the vehicle  3 . Therefore, the integrated logic  14  executes the app so that the aforementioned signaling notification is eliminated; furthermore, given the positive outcome of the aforementioned verifications, the integrated logic  14  executes the app to determine and memorize a second GPS position P 0 ″. 
     If the mobile device  7  is outside the first and/or the second signaling region  6 ,  30  (first intermediate condition or distance condition), the integrated logic  14  determines that the previous signaling notification is an indication of an actual abandonment of the infant in the vehicle  3 ; therefore, such a signaling notification is once again signaled to the user on the mobile device  7  through the app. 
     The aforementioned verification mechanism makes it possible to reduce the number of false signaling notification; for example, the present method can advantageously be used in situations of momentarily going away from the vehicle  3  and from the child seat  2 . 
       FIGS. 6A-6C  show successive steps of a second operative mode, alternative to the first operative mode of  FIGS. 5A-5B . In detail,  FIGS. 6A, 6B  show situations in which the user goes away from the vehicle  3  with the child seat  2  ( FIG. 6A ) to the point of being outside of the second signaling region  30  ( FIG. 6B );  FIG. 6C  shows a situation in which the user has gone away both from the vehicle  3  and from the child seat  2 . Furthermore, in the situations shown in  FIGS. 6A-6C  the infant is still arranged on the child seat  2 . 
     In particular,  FIG. 6A , at a third time instant t 2 ″, since the infant is still arranged on the child seat  2  and, therefore, on the device  5 , the first beacon  11  once again generates the first signal S 1 . At the same third time instant t 2 ″, the second beacon  28  once again emits the second signal S 2  upon command of the respective integrated logic (not shown). 
     At a fourth time instant t 3 ″, defined as the sum between the third time instant t 2 ″ and a second time interval Δt 0, 2 ″, the receiver  13  receives the first signal S 1  and transmits it to the integrated logic  14 ; in detail, the integrated logic  14  processes the aforementioned first signal S 1  according to the previously described modalities to once again determine the first processed datum, i.e. a third distance d 3  of the mobile device  7  with respect to the device  5  at the fourth time instant t 3 ″. 
     At the same fourth time instant t 3 ″, the receiver  13  receives the second signal S 2  and transmits it to the integrated logic  14 ; in detail, the integrated logic  14  processes the aforementioned second signal S 2  according to the previously described modalities with reference to the first signal S 1  to once again determine the second processed datum, i.e. a fourth distance d 3 ′ of the mobile device  7  with respect to the second beacon  28  at the fourth time instant t 3 ″. 
     The first and the second signal S 1 , S 2  received at the fourth time instant t 3 ″ form a fourth pair of signals. 
     It should be noted that, since the receiver  13  receives both the first and the second signal S 1 , S 2  at the fourth time instant t 3 ″, the second time interval Δt 0, 2 ″ represents the propagation time of the first and of the second signal S 1 , S 2  respectively from the device  5  and from the second beacon  28  to the receiver  13  in the step of  FIG. 6A . 
     Thereafter, the integrated logic  14  carries out a verification through the app, in which it compares the third and the fourth distance d 3 , d 3 ′ with the radii R th1 , R th2  of the first and the second signaling region  6 ,  30  respectively to determine whether the mobile device  7  is in the first and/or the second signaling region  6 ,  30 . In the operative step of  FIG. 6A , the integrated logic  14  determines that the third and the fourth distance d 3 , d 3 ′ are less than the radii R th1 , R th2  (proximity condition) respectively and, therefore, that the mobile device  7  is close to the device  5  and the second beacon  28 . 
     Consequently, in light of the aforementioned verifications, the integrated logic  14  activates the GPS receiver  16 , which determines a second GPS position P 1 ′ of the mobile device  7  at the fourth time instant t 3 ″; thereafter, the integrated logic  14  receives the aforementioned second GPS position P 1 ′ and memorizes it in the memory  15 . 
     Furthermore, in the operative step described above, the integrated logic  14  executes the app to generate a fourth signaling notification on the mobile device  7 , for example showing the phrase “baby on board”, to indicate that the mobile device  7  is in the first and in the second signaling region  6 ,  30 . 
       FIG. 6B  shows a step after the step described with reference to  FIG. 6A ; in particular, in the step of  FIG. 6B , the same operations described with reference to  FIG. 6A  are repeated. 
     In greater detail, at a fifth time instant t 4 ″, after the fourth time instant t 3 ″, the first and the second beacon  11 ,  28  respectively emit the first and the second signal S 1 , S 2 . The first and the second signal S 1 , S 2 , here forming a fifth pair of signals, thus emitted are received by the receiver  13  at a sixth time instant t 5 ″, defined as the sum between the fifth time instant t 4 ″ and a third time interval Δt 0, 3 ″. Consequently, the receiver  13  transmits the first and the second signal S 1 , S 2  to the integrated logic  14 , so that the latter once again determines, according to the previously described modalities, the first and the second processed datum, i.e. a fifth and a sixth distance d 4 , d 4 ′ between the mobile device  7  and, respectively, the device  5  and the second beacon  28 . 
     Furthermore, similarly to what has been discussed with reference to the second time interval Δt 0, 2 ″, the third time interval Δt 0, 3 ″ represents the propagation time of the first and of the second signal S 1 , S 2  respectively from the device  5  and from the second beacon  28  to the receiver  13  in the step of  FIG. 6B . 
     Thereafter, the integrated logic  14  once again carries out the first verification through the app, in which it compares the fifth and the sixth distance d 4 , d 4 ′ with, respectively, the radii R th1 , R th2  of the first and the second signaling region  6 ,  30  to determine whether the mobile device  7  is in the first and/or the second signaling region  6 ,  30 . In the operative step of  FIG. 6B , the integrated logic  14  determines that the fifth distance d 4  is less than the radius R th1  and that the sixth distance d 4 ′ is greater than the radius R th2 , i.e. the mobile device  7  is close to the device  5  and far from the second beacon  28 . 
     Therefore, the mobile device  7  is in the second intermediate condition, i.e. it is outside the second signaling region  30  and inside the first signaling region  6 . 
     Therefore, in the operative step described above, the integrated logic  14  generates a fourth monitoring signal S m3  indicative of the second intermediate condition; based on the fourth monitoring signal S m3 , the integrated logic  14  executes the app to generate a fifth signaling notification, for example a text notification showing the phrase “thank you for using us” and determines that, since the mobile device  7  is close to the child seat  2 , but not to the vehicle  3 , the signaling can be deactivated and, therefore, it is not necessary to generate further notifications. In other words, the fourth monitoring signal S m3  is a signaling inhibiting signal for the mobile device  7 . 
       FIG. 6C  shows a step after the step described with reference to  FIG. 6B ; in particular, in the step of  FIG. 6C , the same operations described with reference to  FIGS. 6A-6B  are repeated. 
     In greater detail, at a seventh time instant t 6 ″, after the sixth time instant t 5 ″, the first and the second beacon  11 ,  28  respectively emit the first and the second signal S 1 , S 2 . The first and the second signal S 1 , S 2  thus emitted and here forming a sixth pair of signals are received by the receiver  13  at an eighth time instant t 7 ″, defined as the sum between the seventh time instant t 6 ″ and a fourth time interval Δt 0, 4 ″; consequently, the receiver  13  transmits the first and the second signal S 1 , S 2  to the integrated logic  14 , so that the latter determines, according to the previously described modalities, a seventh and an eighth distance d 5 , d 5 ′ between the mobile device  7  and, respectively, the device  5  and the second beacon  28 . 
     Furthermore, similarly to what has been discussed with reference to the third time interval Δt 0, 3 ″, the fourth time interval Δt 0, 4 ″ represents the propagation time of the first and the second signal S 1 , S 2  respectively from the device  5  and from the second beacon  28  to the receiver  13  in the step of  FIG. 6C . 
     Thereafter, the integrated logic  14  carries out a verification through the app, in which it compares the seventh and eighth distance d 5 , d 5 ′ with the radii R th1 , R th2  of the first and of the second signaling region  6 ,  30  respectively to determine whether the mobile device  7  is in the first and/or in the second signaling region  6 ,  30 . In the operative step of  FIG. 6C , the integrated logic  14  determines that the seventh and the eighth distance d 5 , d 5 ′ are greater than the radii R th1 , R th2  (distance condition) respectively and, therefore, that the mobile device  7  is far both from the device  5  and from the second beacon  28 . 
     In this case, the integrated logic  14  generates a fifth monitoring signal S m4  indicative of the distance condition of the mobile device  7 ; based on the aforementioned fifth signal S m4 , the integrated logic  14  once again determines that, since the previous verification has not given a positive outcome, the signaling continues to be interrupted. Therefore, the fifth monitoring signal S m4  is also a signaling inhibiting signal for the mobile device  7 . 
       FIG. 7  shows a third operative mode, alternative to the first or to the second operative mode described with reference to  FIGS. 5A-5B and 6A-6C  respectively. In particular, the third operative mode of  FIG. 7  can be carried out both before and after the step described with reference to  FIG. 4 ; hereinafter, it is assumed that the third operative mode of  FIG. 7  is carried out after the operative step of  FIG. 4 . 
     In particular, at a third time instant t 2 ′″, the infant is not arranged on the child seat  2  and, therefore, on the device  5 ; consequently, the pressure sensor  10  does not detect the presence of the infant and, therefore, the first beacon  11  is not active. Therefore, the first beacon  11  does not emit the first signal S 1 . Moreover, at the same third time instant t 2 ′″, the second beacon  28  once again emits the second signal S 2  upon command of the respective integrated logic (not shown). 
     At a fourth time instant t 3 ′″, defined as the sum between the third time instant t 2 ′″ and a second time interval Δt 0, 2 ′″, the receiver  13  receives the second signal S 2  and transmits it to the integrated logic  14 ; in detail, the integrated logic  14  processes the aforementioned second signal S 2  according to the previously described modalities to once again determine the second processed datum, i.e. a fourth distance d 6 ′ of the mobile device  7  with respect to the second beacon  28  at the fourth time instant t 3 ′″. 
     Given the lack of the first signal S 1 , the integrated logic  14  is not able to verify that the mobile device  7  is in the first signaling region  6 . 
     Therefore, the second time interval Δt 0, 2 ′″ is the propagation time of the second signal S 2  from the second beacon  28  to the receiver  13 . 
     However, at the same fourth time instant t 3 ′″, the integrated logic  14  once again carries out the second verification through the app, in which it compares the fourth distance d 6 ′ with the radius R th2  of the second signaling region  30  to determine whether the mobile device  7  is in the second signaling region  30 . In the step shown in  FIG. 6A , the integrated logic  14  determines that the fourth distance d 6 ′ is less than the radius R th2  of the second signaling region  30  and, therefore, that the mobile device  7  is close to the second beacon  28 . 
     Consequently, in the operative step described above, the integrated logic  14  does not generate a further monitoring signal and does not execute the app to generate a new signaling notification, since the infant is not on the child seat  2 ; therefore, the signaling is interrupted. 
       FIG. 13  shows a system analogous to the system  20  of  FIGS. 4, 5A-5B, 6A-6C and 7 ; in particular,  FIG. 13  shows a system  120  having a structure similar to the system  20  of  FIGS. 4, 5A-5B, 6A-6C and 7 . Therefore, parts similar to those described with reference to  FIGS. 4, 5A-5B, 6A-6C and 7  are indicated with the same reference numerals and are not described any further. 
     In particular, in the system  120 , the device  5 , which can be either of the type shown in  FIG. 2  or of the type shown in  FIG. 8 , is arranged on the surface of the bed of the boot of the vehicle  3 ; in other words, the device  5  is adapted for detecting the presence of a pet inside the vehicle  3 . 
     In use, the system  120  operates in an analogous way to what has been described with reference to  FIGS. 4, 5A-5B and 7 . 
     The present method and the present system have different advantages. 
     In particular, the present system uses the first and the second beacon  11 ,  28  and the receiver  13  for monitoring and signaling a possible abandonment of an infant in a vehicle. The synergy between the aforementioned elements makes it possible to verify that the user, using the mobile device  7 , is distant both from the child seat  2  and from the vehicle  3 . 
     In particular, the verification of proximity to the vehicle  3  through the reception of the second signal S 2 , emitted by the second beacon  28 , makes it possible to determine the distance of the mobile device  7  with respect to the second beacon  28  at any time instant. In this way, the generation of signaling notifications is subject to at least two verifications by the integrated logic  14 , which make it possible to verify whether the abandonment of the infant and/or of the pet has actually occurred, consequently limiting the false signaling notifications. As an example, as described with reference to  FIGS. 6A-6B , the child seat  2  can accommodate the infant, be distant from the mobile device  7 , but not be arranged in the vehicle  3 ; in this case, the present system and the relative method make it possible to avoid the generation of an otherwise false signaling notification. 
     Finally, it is clear that modifications and variants can be brought to the system and to the method described and illustrated here without for this reason departing from the scope of protection of the present invention, as defined in the attached claims. 
     For example, the device  5  can be a sensor different from a pressure sensor, for example an optical sensor. 
     Furthermore, in another embodiment, alternative to the one shown in  FIGS. 4, 5A-5B, 6A-6C and 7  and shown in  FIG. 9 , the vehicle  3  is coupled to a signaling device  40 , which comprises the second beacon  28 . In addition to the second beacon  28 , the signaling device  40  comprises: a microcontroller  41 , connected to the second beacon  28  is configured to control it through a respective plurality of control signals so that it emits the second signals S 2 ; a battery  42 , connected to the microcontroller  41  and configured to power the latter when in use; a position sensor  43 , for example a GPS sensor, connected to the microcontroller  41 , and configured to generate a plurality of position signals indicative of the geographical position of the vehicle  3 , which is received and processed by the microcontroller  41 ; an inertial sensor  44 , for example an accelerometer or a gyroscope, connected to the microcontroller  41 , and configured to generate a plurality of inertial signals relative to an amount indicative of a motion state of the vehicle  3 , which is received and processed by the microcontroller  41 ; a PIR (“Passive Infrared”) sensor  45  connected to the microcontroller  41 , and configured to generate a plurality of signals indicative of an optical detection carried out by the PIR sensor  45 , which is received and processed by the microcontroller  41 ; at least one SIM card  46  connected to the microcontroller  41  and configured to memorize at least one emergency telephone number; and a signaling element  47 , for example a buzzer, connected to the microcontroller  41  and configured to generate a signal, for example a vibration or an acoustic signal, as a function of a control signal transmitted by the microcontroller  41  to identify various types of notifications (for example, a correct installation of the set-up for the operation of the system  20  or of the system  120 , a correct seating or a correct detection of the infant and/or of the pet, anomalies in the operation of the device  5  and depletion of the battery  42 ). 
     It should also be noted that the microcontroller  41  is configured to control the position sensor  43 , the inertial sensor  44  and the PIR sensor  45  through corresponding control signals. Furthermore, the microcontroller  41  is configured to communicate through radio frequency signals, using, for example, Bluetooth Low Energy technology, both with the first beacon  11  in a unidirectional manner (i.e. the microcontroller  41  is configured to receive the first signal S 1  at any time instant) and with the mobile device  7  in a bi-directional manner. In particular, in this latter case, the microcontroller  41  and the integrated logic  7  are configured to communicate with each other, i.e. the microcontroller  41  is capable of interrogating the integrated logic  14  through the emission of a verification signal (for example, in radio frequency, using, for example, Bluetooth Low Energy technology) to investigate the operative state thereof, as well as of receiving a response signal from the integrated logic  14  indicative of the operative state of the mobile device  7 . In other words, the response signal is processed by the microcontroller  41  to determine whether the mobile device  7  is capable of receiving signals from external devices, for example from the device  5  and from the second beacon  28 . 
     In greater detail, the microcontroller  41  interrogates the mobile device  7  sending, at a time instant of a time interval T ctrl , verification signals to the mobile device  7 . 
     If the microcontroller  41  receives a response signal at a time instant after the one at which the verification signal was sent and belonging to the time interval T ctrl , the microcontroller  41  determines that the mobile device  7  is active (first operating condition); alternatively, if the microcontroller  41  does not receive a response signal within the time interval T ctrl , the microcontroller  41  determines that the mobile device  7  is inactive (second operating condition). 
     In addition, the battery  42  is for example a lithium battery that can be replaced and recharged through a connection port (not shown) to the vehicle  3 , like, for example, a USB connection port or cigarette lighter socket of the vehicle  3 . Furthermore, the battery  42  is capable of determining whether the aforementioned battery  42  is connected to the vehicle  3  through the connection port or whether the vehicle  3  is turned off and, therefore, the aforementioned battery  42  is not powered by means of the connection port; in particular, if the battery  42  is disconnected from the connection port or does not receive further power signals from the vehicle  3 , the power circuit (not shown) of the same battery  42  generates a notification signal, which is transmitted to the microcontroller  41  to warn it. In other words, upon the disconnection of the battery  42  from the vehicle  3 , i.e. in a condition of a lack of power, the battery  42  sends a signal to the microcontroller  41 . 
     When in use, the microcontroller  41  is capable of determining the geographical position of the vehicle  3  at a time instant as a function of a position signal of the plurality of position signals transmitted by the position sensor  43 ; in particular, each position signal is processed by the microcontroller  41  to determine the geographical position of the vehicle  3  at a given time instant. 
     Similarly, when in use, the microcontroller  41  is capable of determining the motion state of the vehicle  3  at a time instant as a function of a corresponding inertial signal of the plurality of inertial signals transmitted by the inertial sensor  44 ; in particular, as stated briefly earlier, the inertial sensor  44  allows to detect a magnitude relative to the motion of the vehicle  3  (for example, an acceleration in the case of an accelerometer or an orientation in a triaxial XYZ reference system in the case of a gyroscope). Furthermore, each inertial signal is processed by the microcontroller  41  to determine the motion state of the vehicle  3  at a given time instant. 
     Furthermore, the PIR sensor  45  makes it possible, in use, to optically detect the presence, for example, of a driver of the vehicle  3  at a time instant and to generate a signal of the plurality of signals indicative of the optical detection carried out by the PIR sensor  45 ; in particular, such a signal is transmitted to the microcontroller  41 , which processes it to determine whether the driver is in the vehicle  3 . 
     In addition, when in use, the microcontroller  41  is configured to send telematic signals (for example, SMS) to the at least one emergency telephone number, memorized in the at least one SIM card  46 , if there are connection problems between the mobile device  7  and the device for a vehicle  40  and the first beacon  11  is active (i.e. the microcontroller  41  determines, receiving the first signals S 1 , that the infant or the pet are in the vehicle  3 ). 
     In particular, if the mobile device  7  is temporarily inactive (for example, it is in an area at a greater distance than the second reference distance R th2 , or in an area with poor coverage or the battery of the mobile device  7  has run out) and, therefore, it cannot receive the first and the second signal S 1 , S 2  generated respectively by the device  5  and by the device  40 , the integrated logic  14  is unable to generate any signal to warn the user of the abandonment of the infant or of the pet in the vehicle  3 ; in addition, the integrated logic  14  is unable to respond to a possible signal coming from the microcontroller  41 , which investigates whether the mobile device  7  is reachable and operative. Consequently, the microcontroller  41 , not receiving a signal from the mobile device  7  in the time interval T crtl , determines that the mobile device  7  is not in the conditions to receive the first and the second signal S 1 , S 2 . 
     In addition to such information, the microcontroller  41  verifies the geographical position of the vehicle  3 ; in particular, the microcontroller  41  interrogates the position sensor  43 , which, in response to the interrogation of the microcontroller  41 , detects the geographical position of the vehicle  3  and generates a corresponding position signal and transmits it to the microcontroller  41 . The interrogation by the microcontroller  41  and the consequent reception of the position signals is carried out at a predetermined time interval, indicated hereinafter as sample time interval T s : in particular, if the position signals sampled at any time instant of the sample time interval T s  are indicative of the fact that the vehicle  3  is in the same geographical position (i.e. the vehicle  3  is in a first position condition, where the position signals are indicative, except for an error, of the same geographical position), the microcontroller  41  determines that the vehicle  3  is stationary in a geographical position; alternatively, if, starting from a reference time instant t rif  of the sample time interval T s , the position signals are indicative of the fact that the vehicle  3  has moved (i.e. the vehicle  3  is in a second position condition, where the position signals, starting from the reference time instant t rif , are indicative of one or more different geographical positions), the microcontroller  41  determines that the vehicle  3  has moved. 
     In addition to the aforementioned information, the microcontroller  41  verifies the motion state of the vehicle  3 ; in particular, the microcontroller  41  interrogates the inertial sensor  44 , which, in response to the interrogation of the microcontroller  41 , detects the motion state of the vehicle  3  and generates a corresponding inertial signal and transits it to the microcontroller  41 . The interrogation by the microcontroller  41  and the consequent reception of the inertial signals is carried out in a predetermined time interval, which is assumed to be equal to the sample time interval T s (i.e. the microcontroller  41  verifies, in the same time interval, both the geographical position and the motion state): in particular, if the inertial signals sampled at any time instant of the sample time interval T s  are indicative of the fact that the vehicle  3  is not in motion (i.e. the vehicle  3  is in a first motion condition, where the inertial signals are indicative, except for an error, of zero acceleration and speed), the microcontroller  41  determines that the vehicle  3  is not in motion; alternatively, if, starting from a further reference time instant t rif ′ of the sample time interval T s , the inertial signals are indicative of the fact that the vehicle  3  is in motion (i.e. the vehicle  3  is in a second motion condition, where the inertial signals, starting from the further reference time instant t rif ′, are indicative of non-zero acceleration and/or speed), the microcontroller  41  determines that the vehicle  3  has moved, i.e. it is in motion. 
     In addition to the aforementioned information, the microcontroller  41  also interrogates the PIR sensor  45 , which detects whether the driver is present on the vehicle  3  through optical detection; consequently, the PIR sensor  45  generates a signal indicative of the optical detection carried out and transmits it to the microcontroller  41 , which processes it to determine whether the driver is in the vehicle  3  (i.e. whether the PIR sensor  45  detects a first occupation condition) or whether the driver is outside of the vehicle  3  (i.e. whether the PIR sensor  45  detects a second occupation condition). Also in this case, the interrogation by the microcontroller  41  and the consequent reception of the signals indicative of the optical detection is carried out in a predetermined time interval, which is assumed to be equal to the sample time interval T s (i.e. the microcontroller  41  also verifies, in the same time interval, the occupation state of the vehicle  3 ): in particular, if the signals indicative of the optical detection sampled at any time instant of the sample time interval T s  are indicative of the fact that the driver is outside of the vehicle  3  (i.e. the PIR sensor  45  detects the second occupation condition), the microcontroller  41  determines that the vehicle  3  is unoccupied; alternatively, if, starting from another reference time instant t rif ″ of the sample time interval T s , the signals indicative of the optical detection are indicative of the fact that the driver is not in the vehicle  3  (i.e. the PIR sensor  45  detects, starting from the other reference time instant t rif ″, the first occupation condition), the microcontroller  41  determines that the vehicle  3  is occupied. 
     In addition to the aforementioned information, the microcontroller  41  verifies the state of the battery  42  through the reception of the notification signal, which, as stated earlier, is indicative of the condition of a lack of power. Alternatively, the microcontroller  41  can verify the state of the battery  42  by sending a power verification signal at a time instant of a predetermined time interval, for example the sample time interval T s ; in this case, if the battery  42  responds at a subsequent time instant t rif ′″ belonging to the sample time interval T s , the aforementioned battery  42  will generate a power response signal or, alternatively, the aforementioned signal indicative of the condition of a lack of power. Differently, if the aforementioned battery  42  does not respond to the aforementioned power verification signal at the aforementioned sample time interval T s , the microcontroller  42  determines that the battery  42  is depleted, i.e. it is in a depletion condition. 
     If, together with the fact that the mobile device  7  is at a greater distance than the second reference distance R th2 , the microcontroller  41  detects that the vehicle  3  is stationary (i.e. it is in the first position condition and/or in the first motion condition) in the sample time interval T s , the driver is not in the vehicle  3  (i.e. it is in the second occupation condition) and/or the battery  42  is disconnected from the vehicle  3  or is depleted (i.e. is alternatively in the condition of a lack of power or in the depletion condition), the aforementioned microcontroller  41  autonomously activates an emergency service, i.e. it generates a signaling notification (for example, an SMS or a pre-recorded voice message, which are supplied together with the GPS position, communicated by the position sensor  43 , to the microcontroller  41 ) and transmits it to the at least one emergency telephone number memorized in the at least one SIM  46 . In other words, the microcontroller  41  automatically activates one or more signals to the at least one emergency telephone number as a function of one or more signals indicative of the geographical position, of the motion state, of the occupation state and/or of the connection state of the device for a vehicle  40  to the vehicle  3  to notify other users, in order to notify them of the abandonment of the infant or of the pet in the vehicle  3 . 
     In addition, the device  5  can be made according to further embodiments, described hereinafter with reference to  FIGS. 10A-10B, 11A-11B and 12A-12B . 
       FIGS. 10A and 10B  show another embodiment of the device  5 , alternative to the embodiments of  FIGS. 2 and 8 . In particular,  FIGS. 10A and 10B  show a device  50  analogous to the device  5  of  FIGS. 2 and 8 ; therefore, parts similar to those of  FIGS. 2 and 8  are indicated in  FIGS. 10A and 10B  with the same reference numerals and will not be described any further hereinafter. 
     In detail, the device  50  here is in the form of a clip and is arranged on safety belts  52  of the child seat  2 , so that, when the infant is arranged on the child seat  2 , the device  50  operates as further closure element, besides the closure clip  58  of the child seat  2 , which makes it possible to arrange the safety belts  52  so that they securely fix the infant to the child seat  2 . The device  50  comprises a first and a second portion  54 ,  56  shaped in a matching manner and configured to physically and electrically couple with each other when the infant is arranged on the child seat  2 . In detail, as shown in  FIG. 10B , the first portion  54  comprises a main body  54 A, comprising the first beacon  11  and a battery  55  (for example, of the replaceable and/or rechargeable type through solar cells), able to be electrically connected to the first beacon  11  when the first and the second portion  54 ,  56  are connected to one another (i.e. the safety belts  52  fix the infant to the child seat  2 ) and configured to power it when it is connected to the same first beacon  11 ; and an end  54 B, adapted for coupling to a corresponding end  56 B of the second portion  56 . Furthermore, the second portion  56  comprises a body  56 A, physically coupled to the end  56 B and adapted for allowing the complete closure of the device  50 . Furthermore, the ends  54 B,  56 B of the first and the second portion  54 ,  56  comprise respective electric contacts  57 ,  58 , matching one another, connected through respective conductive paths (not shown) to the battery  55  and to the first beacon  11  and configured, in use, to establish an electric connection between the first and the second portion  54 ,  56  so that the battery  55  is connected to the first beacon  11 ; in other words, the first and the second portion  54 ,  56 , when coupled, allow the electric connection between the battery  55  and the first beacon  11 , which is thus operative according to the previously described modalities with reference to  FIGS. 2 and 8 , as well as to  FIGS. 4, 5A-5B, 6A-6C and 7 . 
     In use, when the first and the second portion  54 ,  56  are disconnected from one another, the first beacon  11  is not powered by the battery  55  and, therefore, does not emit any first signal S 1 ; differently, when the first and the second portion  54 ,  56  are connected to one another (i.e. the electric contacts  57 ,  58  are in contact with one another and, therefore, are electrically connected), the battery  55  is electrically connected to the first beacon  11 , which is thus powered by the battery  55  and can emit the first signals S 1  according to the previously described modalities with reference to  FIGS. 2 and 8 , as well as to  FIGS. 4, 5A-5B, 6A-6C and 7 . 
     When the device  50  is used alternatively to the device  5  of  FIGS. 2 and 8  in the system  20 , the latter operates according to the modalities described with reference to  FIGS. 4, 5A-5B, 6A-6C and 7 . 
     In further embodiments, now shown here, the device  50  can be integrated in the closure clip  58 , i.e. the coupling of the portions  54 ,  56  also determines the fixing of the infant to the child seat  2 . 
       FIGS. 11A and 11B  show a device similar to the device  5  of  FIG. 2 . In particular,  FIGS. 11A and 11B  show a device  60  analogous to the device  5  of  FIGS. 2 and 8 ; therefore, parts similar to those of  FIGS. 2 and 8  are indicated in  FIGS. 11A and 11B  with the same reference numerals and will not be described any further hereinafter. 
     In detail, the device  60  comprises a collar  62 , shown partially and in open configuration in  FIG. 11A  and in closed configuration in  FIG. 11B , having a first closure element  62 A adapted to physically couple to a second closure element  62 B (shown only in  FIG. 11B ) to allow the closure of the collar  62  and the operativity of the device  60  itself. In greater detail, the pressure sensor  10  and the first beacon  11 , the latter connected to the pressure sensor  10 , are electrically coupled to a battery  64 , adapted for powering them in use, and are arranged on an inner portion  62 C of the collar  62 , facing towards the neck of the pet wearing the aforementioned collar  62 ; in addition, solar cells  63 , coupled to the battery  64 , configured to charge the battery  64  and thus keep the operativity of the pressure sensor  10  and of the first beacon  11 , are arranged on an outer portion  62 D of the collar  62 , i.e. towards the outside environment to effectively receive the solar rays and convert the corresponding solar energy into electric energy to power the detection unit  10  and the first beacon  11 . 
     The aforementioned embodiment can advantageously be used in the case in which it is wished to detect the presence in the vehicle  3  of a pet, the latter wearing the collar  62 . 
     In use, the device  60  operates in an analogous way to what has been discussed with reference to  FIGS. 2 and 8 ; furthermore, when the device  60  is used alternatively to the device  5  in the system  120 , the latter operates according to the modalities described with reference to  FIG. 13 , as well as, therefore, to  FIGS. 4, 5A-5B, 6A-6C and 7 . 
       FIGS. 12A and 12B  show a device similar to the device  60  of  FIGS. 11A and 11B . In particular,  FIGS. 12A and 12B  show a device  70  analogous to the device  60  of  FIGS. 11A and 11B ; therefore, parts similar to those of  FIGS. 11A and 11B  are indicated in  FIGS. 12A and 12B  with the same reference numerals and will not be described any further hereinafter. 
     In detail, the device  70  comprises only the battery  64 , the first beacon  11  and the solar cells  63 , which are arranged as described earlier with reference to  FIGS. 11A and 11B ; in other words, in an analogous way to what has been discussed with reference to  FIGS. 10A, 10B , the device  70  lacks the detection unit  10 . In addition, at the closure elements  62 A,  62 B of the collar  62 , the device  70  comprises respective electric contacts  72 ,  73 , which are shaped to be electrically coupled with each other and are electrically connected to the battery  64  and to the first beacon  11  through conductive paths (not shown) extending on the inner portion  62 C of the collar  62 ; in particular, when the first and the second closure element  62 A,  62 B are physically coupled with one another (i.e. the collar  62  is in closed configuration), the electric contacts  72 ,  73  are also coupled with one another and, in an analogous way to what has been described with reference to  FIGS. 10A, 10B , the electric contact between the electric contacts  72 ,  73  allow to electrically connect the battery  64  to the first beacon  11 , which is thus operative. Therefore, similarly to what has been discussed with reference to  FIG. 10 , the first beacon  11  is active thanks to the electric contact provided by the ends  70 A,  70 B of the collar  62 . The present embodiment can also advantageously be used to detect the presence of pets, wearing the device  70 , inside the vehicle  3 . 
     In use, the device  70  operates in an analogous way to what has been discussed with reference to  FIGS. 10A and 10B ; furthermore, when the device  70  is used alternatively to the device  5  in the system  120 , the latter operates according to the ways described with reference to  FIG. 13 , as well as, therefore, to  FIGS. 4, 5A-5B, 6A-6C and 7 . 
     In further embodiments, not shown here, the collar  62  has a closure clip independent from the closure elements  62 A,  62 B, i.e. the latter can be coupled independently from the coupling of the portions of the closure clip; in other words, the collar  62  can be closed on the neck of the pet without the electric contacts  72 ,  73  being connected and, therefore, allowing the powering of the first beacon  11 . 
     In addition, the system  20 ,  120  can comprise more than one device  5 ,  50 ,  60 ,  70 ; in other words, in a same system  20 ,  120 , there may be, for example, a device  5  of the type shown in  FIG. 2  for the detection of the presence of the infant in the vehicle  3  and a device  5  of the type shown in  FIG. 8  for the detection of the presence of the pet for example in the boot of the aforementioned vehicle  3  simultaneously. Furthermore, if the first and the second signal S 1 , S 2  are dephased from one another, the determining of the pair of signals that the receiver  13  acquires and that is processed by the integrated logic  14  according to the previously described modalities to determine the condition of the system  20  can take place, for example, by selecting the second signal S 2  received at a first time instant to and the first signal S 1  received at the immediately preceding time instant t n−1 . 
     Furthermore, with reference to the step shown in  FIG. 6B , if the integrated logic  14  detects that the mobile device  7  is in the proximity condition at a time instant after the sixth time instant t 5 ″ (i.e. that the mobile device  7  is once again in the condition shown in  FIG. 6A ), the corresponding monitoring signal, generated by the integrated logic  14 , would be indicative of the proximity condition and, therefore, the integrated logic  14  would once again carry out the aforementioned monitoring and signaling operations. In other words, the corresponding monitoring signal would be a signaling enabling signal for the mobile device  7 .