Patent Publication Number: US-2022236705-A1

Title: Management apparatus, management method, and program

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to, e.g., a management apparatus. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     A building management system (BMS) configured to manage multiple types of instruments, which include an air-conditioner, a monitoring camera, and an illuminating apparatus in a building, in whole has been known. Regarding such a building management system, Patent Literature 1 describes, for example, a building management system including a LonWorks system coupling a facility other than a multi air-conditioner system to a BMS controller and a multi air-conditioner system remote controller coupled to the LonWorks system. 
     CITATION LIST 
     Patent Literature 
     PATENT LITERATURE 1: JP-A-2008-176767 
     SUMMARY OF INVENTION 
     Problems to be Solved by Invention 
     In the technique of Patent Literature 1, in a case where there is a predetermined state change (human detection or ON/OFF of an illuminating apparatus) in a human detection sensor or the illuminating apparatus, such a state change is notified to the multi air-conditioner system remote controller, and is reflected on air-conditioning control. On the other hand, a setting device other than the multi air-conditioner system, such as the human detection sensor and the illuminating apparatus, is controlled based on a command from the BMS controller. Thus, in a building provided with no BMS controller, when the power of the multi air-conditioner system is, for example, turned off by the remote controller, it is difficult to perform the control of automatically turning off the illuminating apparatus accordingly. 
     Further, in the technique of Patent Literature 1, the BMS controller needs to be provided even at a small-sized facility, and for this reason, an installation cost is high. In the small-sized facility, there is room for further cost reduction by overall control of the multiple types of instruments by a simple configuration. 
     Thus, the present invention is intended to provide, e.g., a management apparatus configured to manage multiple types of instruments at low cost. 
     Solution to Problems 
     For solving the above-described problems, the present invention includes a first communication unit connected to an air-conditioner via a first instrument network, a second communication unit connected to one or more types of instruments different from the air-conditioner via a second instrument network, a third communication unit connectable to an upper apparatus, and a control unit configured to control the air-conditioner or the instruments based on a combination of the state of the air-conditioner received via the first communication unit and the states of the instruments received via the second communication unit. 
     Effects of Invention 
     According to the present invention, e.g., the management apparatus configured to manage the multiple types of instruments at low cost can be provided. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a configuration diagram of a management system including a management apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 2A  is a diagram for describing a hardware configuration of the management apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 2B  is a diagram for describing a functional configuration of the management apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 3  is a sequence diagram of processing in the management system including the management apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 4  is a diagram for describing an example of an object list regarding an air-conditioner in the management system including the management apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 5  is a diagram for describing an example of an instrument management database included in the management apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 6  is a diagram for describing an example of a cooperation rule set in the management apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 7  is an example of a packet format of information notified as the object list to the management apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 8  is a flowchart showing the processing of the air-conditioner in the management system including the management apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 9  is a flowchart showing the processing of a control unit of the management apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 10  is a configuration diagram of a management system including a management apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 11  is a diagram for describing switching of a management subject in the management system including the management apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 12  is a time chart regarding an upper apparatus, the management apparatus, and an instrument in the management system including the management apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 13  is a flowchart showing the contents of the processing of a control unit of the management apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 14  is a sequence diagram of processing in a management system including a management apparatus according to a variation of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     First Embodiment 
       FIG. 1  is a configuration diagram of a management system  100  including a management apparatus  10  according to a first embodiment. 
     The management system  100  is a system configured to manage multiple types of instruments such as an air-conditioner  20  and a monitoring camera  30 . As shown in  FIG. 1 , the management system  100  includes, in addition to the management apparatus  10 , a first instrument network ka and a second instrument network kb connected to the management apparatus  10 . In addition to the air-conditioner  20  and the monitoring camera  30 , a door lock mechanism  41  and an illuminating apparatus  50  are provided as the multiple types of instruments targeted for management by the management apparatus  10 . 
     The air-conditioner  20  is an instrument configured to perform air conditioning such as air-cooling operation or air-heating operation. In an example of  FIG. 1 , the air-conditioner  20  includes a top-blowing type outdoor unit  21 , two ceiling-embedded type indoor units  22 ,  23 , and remote controllers  24 ,  25 . Note that the outdoor unit  21  and the indoor units  22 ,  23  are connected to each other through a refrigerant pipe (not shown). Refrigerant circulates in a well-known refrigeration cycle to perform predetermined air-conditioning operation. 
     The outdoor unit  21  and the indoor units  22 ,  23  are connected to the management apparatus  10  via the first instrument network ka. The first instrument network ka is a local network for performing communication according to a unique protocol or a predetermined protocol suitable for, e.g., LonWorks (the registered trademark). Predetermined local communication addresses are assigned to the outdoor unit  21  and the indoor units  22 ,  23  connected to the first instrument network ka, and predetermined communication is performed among the outdoor unit  21  and the indoor units  22 ,  23 . Based on user&#39;s operation via the remote controllers  24 ,  25 , the air-conditioner  20  performs the predetermined air-conditioning operation. 
     The monitoring camera  30 , the door lock mechanism  41 , and the illuminating apparatus  50  are different types of “instruments” from the air-conditioner  20 , and are connected to the management apparatus  10  via the second instrument network kb. 
     The monitoring camera  30  is a camera configured to monitor the inside of a room, and is placed to monitor air-conditioning target spaces of the indoor units  22 ,  23 . The monitoring camera  30  has a human detection function, and transmits not only the presence or absence of a person in the room but also the number of persons in the room if there are any persons in the room to the management apparatus  10  via the second instrument network kb. 
     The door lock mechanism  41  is a mechanism configured to lock/unlock doors (not shown) based on, e.g., signals from card readers  42  (shown as “CR” in  FIG. 1 ). Note that the door lock mechanism  41  is placed at a door of each room air-conditioned by the indoor units  22 ,  23 . 
     The multiple card readers  42  are apparatuses configured to contactlessly read information in card keys (not shown) owned by users. Note that a configuration including the door lock mechanism  41  and the card readers  42  will be referred to as an entry/exit system  40 . 
     The illuminating apparatus  50  is an apparatus configured to irradiate the inside of the room with light. ON/OFF of the illuminating apparatus  50  is switched by operation of a switch (not shown) provided at a predetermined room or a control command from the management apparatus  10 . Note that the room irradiated with light from the illuminating apparatus  50  is also an air-conditioning target space of the air-conditioner  20 . 
       FIG. 1  shows the example where the monitoring camera  30 , the door lock mechanism  41 , and the illuminating apparatus  50  are connected to the common (single) second instrument network kb, but the present invention is not limited to such an example. That is, the monitoring camera  30 , the door lock mechanism  41 , and the illuminating apparatus  50  may be connected to separate second instrument networks kb. Alternatively, the monitoring camera  30 , the door lock mechanism  41 , and the illuminating apparatus  50  may be different communication protocols. 
     The management apparatus  10  is an apparatus configured to manage cooperation control for instruments such as the door lock mechanism  41  and the illuminating apparatus  50  in addition to the air-conditioner  20  and the monitoring camera  30 . Note that the “cooperation control” means that based on the states of one or more instruments (e.g., the air-conditioner  20 ), other instruments (e.g., the illuminating apparatus  50 ) are controlled. The hardware configuration and functional configuration of the management apparatus  10  will be sequentially described with reference to  FIGS. 2A and 2B . 
       FIG. 2A  is a diagram for describing the hardware configuration of the management apparatus  10 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2A , the management apparatus  10  includes, as the hardware configuration, a microcomputer  11 , a read only memory (ROM)  12 , a random access memory (RAM)  13 , a power supply control unit  14 , and a real-time clock  15 . 
     Further, the management apparatus  10  includes, in addition to the above-described configuration, a first instrument network communication interface  16   a  (a first communication unit), a second instrument network communication interface  16   b  (a second communication unit), and a third instrument network communication interface  16   c  (a third communication unit). 
     The microcomputer  11  is a microcomputer having a central processing unit (CPU). The ROM  12  is a memory area for storing predetermined data in addition to an operating system (OS) and various programs. The RAM  13  is a work memory area for causing the CPU of the microcomputer  11  to execute a program. The power supply control unit  14  performs predetermined power conversion to output the converted power to the microcomputer  11 . The real-time clock  15  has the function of acquiring the time. 
     The first instrument network communication interface  16   a  transmits data to or receives data from the air-conditioner  20  (see  FIG. 1 ) via the first instrument network ka based on the predetermined protocol. The first instrument network communication interface  16   a  is connected to the air-conditioner  20  via the first instrument network ka. 
     The second instrument network communication interface  16   b  transmits/receives data via the second instrument network kb based on each communication protocol of the monitoring camera  30  (see  FIG. 1 ), the door lock mechanism  41 , and the illuminating apparatus  50 . The second instrument network communication interface  16   b  is connected to an instrument such as the monitoring camera  30  via the second instrument network kb. 
     The third instrument network communication interface  16   c  is a communication interface connectable to an upper apparatus (not shown) such as a building management system controller (a BMS controller: not shown). In the first embodiment, a case where no upper apparatus is connected to the third instrument network communication interface  16   c  will be described as one example. 
       FIG. 2B  is a diagram for describing the functional configuration of the management apparatus  10 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2B , the management apparatus  10  includes, as the functional configuration, an instrument management database  17 , a first communication unit  18   a , a second communication unit  18   b , a third communication unit  18   c , and a control unit  19 . 
     The instrument management database  17  is a database linking, in a predetermined manner, not only data for specifying the instruments targeted for management, such as the air-conditioner  20  (see  FIG. 1 ) and the monitoring camera  30 , but also data indicating the above-described instrument states. Moreover, the instrument management database  17  also includes data on a predetermined cooperation rule used for the above-described cooperation control. Note that a specific example of the cooperation rule will be described later. 
     The first communication unit  18   a  performs predetermined communication via the first instrument network communication interface  16   a  (see  FIG. 2A ). The second communication unit  18   b  performs predetermined communication via the second instrument network communication interface  16   b  (see  FIG. 2A ). The third communication unit  18   c  performs predetermined communication via the third instrument network communication interface  16   c  (see  FIG. 2A ). 
     The control unit  19  executes predetermined processing for performing the cooperation control for each instrument. As shown in  FIG. 2B , the control unit  19  includes a database building unit  191 , a service execution unit  192 , and an information processing unit  193 . 
     The database building unit  191  has the function of building the instrument management database  17  based on data acquired from an instrument such as the air-conditioner  20  (see  FIG. 1 ) or the monitoring camera  30 . 
     The service execution unit  192  generates a control command for a predetermined instrument based on the predetermined cooperation rule included in the instrument management database  17  and a combination of the instrument states. 
     The information processing unit  193  analyzes data received from each instrument via the first communication unit  18   a  or the second communication unit  18   b , thereby converting the data into a predetermined format suitable for the instrument management database  17 . Moreover, the information processing unit  193  converts the control command input from the service execution unit  192  into data according to a predetermined communication protocol corresponding to an instrument as a transmission destination. Then, the information processing unit  193  outputs the converted data to the first communication unit  18   a , the second communication unit  18   b , or the third communication unit  18   c.    
       FIG. 3  is a sequence diagram of processing in the management system (also see  FIG. 1 , as necessary). 
     Note that  FIG. 3  shows the air-conditioner  20  and the illuminating apparatus  50  among the targets for management by the management apparatus  10 , but the same also applies to the remaining targets such as the monitoring camera  30  and the door lock mechanism  41  (see  FIG. 1 ). 
     It is assumed that right before the start of the processing at a step S 101 , the air-conditioner  20  is connected to the management apparatus  10  via the first instrument network ka and the illuminating apparatus  50  is connected to the management apparatus  10  via the second instrument network kb. 
     The steps S 101  to S 106  of  FIG. 3  are the processing of registering information on the air-conditioner  20  and the illuminating apparatus  50  in the instrument management database  17  (see  FIG. 2B ) of the management apparatus  10 . 
     First, at the step S 101 , the air-conditioner  20  notifies the management apparatus  10  of a predetermined object list via the first instrument network ka. The object list described herein is a list that the information on the air-conditioner  20  is indicated by the group of predetermined objects (see  FIG. 4 ). Note that the details of the object list will be described later. 
     At the step S 102 , the management apparatus  10  registers the object list. That is, the management apparatus  10  registers, as one target for the cooperation control, the object list for the air-conditioner  20  in the instrument management database  17  (see  FIG. 2B ). 
     At the step S 103 , the management apparatus  10  transmits a signal, which indicates successful registration of the object list, to the air-conditioner  20  via the first instrument network ka. 
     Similarly, in a case where the illuminating apparatus  50  is connected via the second instrument network kb, the management apparatus  10  also registers an object list for the illuminating apparatus  50  in the instrument management database  17 , and further transmits a signal, which indicates successful registration, to the illuminating apparatus  50  (S 104  to S 106 ). 
     Steps S 107  to S 113  of  FIG. 3  are the processing relating to the cooperation control between the air-conditioner  20  and the illuminating apparatus  50 . 
     At the step S 107 , the air-conditioner  20  notifies the management apparatus  10  of its own properties via the first instrument network ka. For example, the air-conditioner  20  notifies, as its own properties, the management apparatus  10  of information including not only an operation/stop state at this point but also an operation mode, a set temperature, an indoor temperature detection value, and the presence or absence of an abnormality. 
     At the step S 108 , the illuminating apparatus  50  notifies the management apparatus  10  of its own properties via the second instrument network kb. That is, the illuminating apparatus  50  notifies the management apparatus  10  of an ON/OFF state at this point. 
     At the step S 109 , the management apparatus  10  updates the instrument management database  17 . That is, the management apparatus  10  writes the latest property values of the air-conditioner  20  and the illuminating apparatus  50  in a predetermined storage area, thereby updating the instrument management database  17 . 
     At the step S 110 , the management apparatus  10  specifies the target/contents of the control command. That is, the management apparatus  10  specifies the target (e.g., the air-conditioner  20 ) and contents (e.g., stop of the air-conditioning operation) of the control command with reference to the predetermined cooperation rule in the instrument management database  17  and the latest properties of the air-conditioner  20  and the illuminating apparatus  50 . Note that the specific example of the cooperation rule will be described later. 
     At the step S 111 , the management apparatus  10  transmits a predetermined control command to the air-conditioner  20  specified at the step S 110  via the first instrument network ka. 
     At the step S 112 , the air-conditioner  20  reflects the control command received from the management apparatus  10 . For example, the air-conditioner  20  stops the air-conditioning operation, which is performed so far, based on the command from the management apparatus  10 . Note that confirmation buttons (not shown) for confirming whether or not such control is to be performed may be displayed on the remote controllers  24 ,  25  and the air-conditioner  20  may perform such control in a case where the confirmation buttons is pressed by user&#39;s operation. 
     At the step S 113 , the air-conditioner  20  transmits, as a response to the control command at the step S 111 , an ACK signal to the management apparatus  10  via the first instrument network ka. Note that the processing of the steps S 107  to S 113  is repeated in a predetermined manner. 
     Regarding the processing of the steps S 111  to S 113 , depending on the timing of the processing or each instrument state, a control command may be transmitted from the management apparatus  10  to the illuminating apparatus  50  or no control command may be transmitted to the air-conditioner  20  or the illuminating apparatus  50 . 
       FIG. 4  is a view for describing an example of the object list regarding the air-conditioner  20 . 
     The object list of  FIG. 4  is the list that the information regarding the air-conditioner  20  is indicated by the group of predetermined objects, and is notified to the management apparatus  10  from the air-conditioner  20  via the first instrument network ka (see  FIG. 1 ) (S 101  of  FIG. 3 ). 
     As shown in  FIG. 4 , one object (e.g., a device object) includes multiple pieces of data with pairs of a property type and a property value. For example, the device object of the air-conditioner  20  includes, as the property type, not only an object type and an object ID but also an object name, and predetermined property values are each set corresponding to the property types. Note that each property value of the device object is normally a fixed value. 
     An operation/stop object of the air-conditioner  20  includes, as the property type, not only an object type and an object ID but also an object name, a current value, and event information. Among these property types, property values of the object type, the object ID, and the object name are fixed values, and on the other hand, property values of the current value and the event information vary from hour to hour according to the state of the air-conditioner  20 . 
     In a case where the air-conditioner  20  is connected to the management apparatus  10  via the first instrument network ka, the object list of  FIG. 4  is notified to the management apparatus  10  from the air-conditioner  20  (S 101  of  FIG. 3 ), and is registered in the instrument management database  17  (see  FIG. 2B ) of the management apparatus  10  (S 102 ). 
     After the object list is registered, the latest object list including the “CURRENT VALUE” in  FIG. 4  is also transmitted from the air-conditioner  20  to the management apparatus  10  (S 107  of  FIG. 3 ), and the instrument management database  17  (see  FIG. 2B ) of the management apparatus  10  is updated accordingly (S 109 ). That is, the “PROPERTIES” described at the step S 107  of  FIG. 3  mean the latest object list after each instrument is registered in the management apparatus  10 . The instrument management database  17  is updated as described above, and in this manner, the latest state of each instrument including the air-conditioner  20  is grasped on a management apparatus  10  side. 
       FIG. 5  is a diagram for describing an example of the instrument management database  17  included in the management apparatus  10 . 
     In the example of  FIG. 5 , a predetermined area (e.g., an area number: 1) is provided as a storage area for storing multiple objects regarding one instrument (e.g., the air-conditioner  20 ). Moreover, predetermined instrument IDs are set to the instruments in one-to-one correspondence. For example, an instrument ID of “RAC-71” is set to the air-conditioner  20 . Further, a predetermined instrument address is set to each area for linking instrument information and the storage area to each other. 
     When a new instrument is registered in the instrument management database  17 , the database building unit  191  (see  FIG. 2B ) searches a free area in a predetermined storage area to set an instrument address, associates the instrument address with a predetermined instrument ID, and stores an object list notified from the instrument. 
     The instrument management database  17  stores not only the multiple objects shown in  FIG. 5 , but also data regarding the cooperation rule for the instruments. The “cooperation rule” is a rule defining the control contents of the above-described cooperation control. Such a cooperation rule will be described with reference to  FIG. 6 . 
       FIG. 6  is a diagram for describing an example of the cooperation rule set in the management apparatus  10  (also see  FIG. 1 , as necessary). 
     Note that “INPUT INFORMATION” in  FIG. 6  is information included in predetermined properties (e.g., S 107 , S 108  of  FIG. 3 ) repeatedly notified (input) from each instrument to the management apparatus  10 . On the other hand, “COOPERATION” in  FIG. 6  is control contents for a predetermined instrument (a control command output destination) specified based on the input information. 
     In the example of  FIG. 6 , in a case where the air-conditioner  20  is turned “ON” by operation of the remote controller  24 ,  25  (see  FIG. 1 ) by a user, the management apparatus  10  is set to switch the illuminating apparatus  50  to “ON.” 
     Based on the information from the monitoring camera  30  and the card readers  42 , in a case where a person entered a room which has been an empty room so far (“0 TO 1”), the management apparatus  10  switches the air-conditioner  20  to “ON.” Then, the management apparatus  10  predicts an air-conditioning load according to the number of persons in the room, and reflects such prediction on air-conditioning control as necessary. Thereafter, in a case where the room becomes empty (“TO 0”), the management apparatus  10  switches the air-conditioner  20  to “OFF.” 
     In a case where at least one of multiple illuminating apparatuses  50  is turned “ON” by operation of a switch (not shown) by the user, the management apparatus  10  also switches the air-conditioner  20  to “ON.” Note that refrigerant may flow in an indoor unit in the vicinity of an area where the illuminating apparatus  50  is “ON” and no refrigerant may flow in the remaining indoor units. 
     In a case where all of the illuminating apparatuses  50  in the room are turned “OFF” by operation of the switches (not shown) by the user, the management apparatus  10  also switches the air-conditioner  20  to “OFF,” and switches the door lock mechanism  41  of the entry/exit system  40  to a “LOCK” state. 
     Then, the control unit  19  controls the air-conditioner  20  or other instruments based on a combination of the state of the air-conditioner  20  received via the first instrument network communication interface  16   a  (see  FIG. 2A ) and the states of the other instruments received via the second instrument network communication interface  16   b  (see  FIG. 2A ). The cooperation control for the multiple types of instruments is performed as described above, so that management of an office etc. can be easily properly performed. 
     Note that blanks in the table of  FIG. 6  are set as necessary based not only on each instrument state but also on other types of information such as a day of the week and a time period. Such a cooperation rule is, in association with the instrument ID of each instrument, stored as part of the instrument management database  17  (see  FIG. 2B ) in the management apparatus  10 . 
       FIG. 7  shows an example of a packet format of information notified as the object list to the management apparatus  10 . 
     As shown in the second line from the top of  FIG. 7 , the head of a packet notified as the object list to the management apparatus  10  (S 101 , S 104  of  FIG. 3 ) is a predetermined header, followed by M pieces of object information. The above-described header includes an object list transmission destination (the management apparatus  10 ), an object list transmission source (a predetermined instrument), a data type (a list notification), the number of objects (M), and a data length (**byte). 
     Each piece of object information includes not only a predetermined object class code and the number of properties (N), but also property information on each property. Each piece of property information includes not only a predetermined property ID, but also a data size and a property value. As described above, there are, as the property value, a fixed value and a value varying according to the instrument state. Note that the packet format of the properties (S 107 , S 108  of  FIG. 3 ) notified to the management apparatus  10  from an instrument is similar to that of  FIG. 7 . 
       FIG. 8  is a flowchart showing the processing of the air-conditioner  20  (see  FIGS. 1 and 3 , as necessary). 
     At a step S 201  of  FIG. 8 , the air-conditioner  20  determines whether or not the air-conditioner  20  is connected to the management apparatus  10  via the first instrument network ka. In a case where the air-conditioner  20  is not connected to the management apparatus  10  (S 201 : No), the air-conditioner  20  repeats the processing of the step S 201 . On the other hand, in a case where the air-conditioner  20  is connected to the management apparatus  10  (S 201 : Yes), the processing of the air-conditioner  20  proceeds to a step S 202 . 
     At the step S 202 , the air-conditioner  20  reads the object list from a storage unit (not shown) of the air-conditioner  20  itself. 
     At a step S 203 , the air-conditioner  20  notifies the management apparatus  10  of the object list via the first instrument network ka. 
     At a step S 204 , the air-conditioner  20  determines whether or not the air-conditioner  20  received a successful registration message from the management apparatus  10  via the first instrument network ka. In a case where the air-conditioner  20  does not receive the successful registration message from the management apparatus  10  (S 204 : No), the air-conditioner  20  repeats the processing of the step S 204 . On the other hand, in a case where the air-conditioner  20  received the successful registration message from the management apparatus  10  (S 204 : Yes), the processing of the air-conditioner  20  proceeds to a step S 205 . 
     At the step S 205 , the air-conditioner  20  reads the latest properties from the storage unit (not shown) of the air-conditioner  20  itself. 
     At a step S 206 , the air-conditioner  20  notifies the management apparatus  10  of the latest properties via the first instrument network ka. 
     At a step S 207 , the air-conditioner  20  determines whether or not the air-conditioner  20  received a predetermined control command from the management apparatus  10 . In a case where the air-conditioner  20  does not receive the control command from the management apparatus  10  (S 207 : No), the processing of the air-conditioner  20  returns to the step S 205 . On the other hand, in a case where the air-conditioner  20  received the control command from the management apparatus  10  (S 207 : Yes), the processing of the air-conditioner  20  proceeds to a step S 208 . 
     At the step S 208 , the air-conditioner  20  reflects the control command from the management apparatus  10  on the air-conditioning control. 
     At a step S 209 , the air-conditioner  20  transmits an ACK signal for the control command to the management apparatus  10  via the first instrument network ka. 
     At a step S 210 , the air-conditioner  20  determines whether or not the air-conditioner  20  is disconnected from the management apparatus  10 . In a case where the air-conditioner  20  is not disconnected from the management apparatus  10  (S 210 : No), the processing of the air-conditioner  20  returns to the step S 205 . On the other hand, in a case where the air-conditioner  20  is disconnected from the management apparatus  10  by, e.g., power-off (S 210 : Yes), the processing of the air-conditioner  20  proceeds to a step S 211 . 
     At the step S 211 , the air-conditioner  20  saves a working area of the storage unit (not shown), and ends a series of processing (END). Note that processing similar to that of  FIG. 8  is also performed in an instrument other than the air-conditioner  20 . 
       FIG. 9  is a flowchart showing the processing of the control unit  19  of the management apparatus  10  (see  FIGS. 1 and 3 , as necessary). 
     At a step S 301 , the control unit  19  determines whether or not the control unit  19  received a new object list from a predetermined instrument. In a case where the control unit  19  received the new object list from the instrument (S 301 : Yes), the processing of the control unit  19  proceeds to a step S 302 . 
     At the step S 302 , the control unit  19  registers the object list in the instrument management database  17 . 
     At a step S 303 , the control unit  19  transmits a successful registration message to the instrument whose object list has been registered, and the processing proceeds to the processing of a step S 304 . In a case where no new object list is received from the instrument at the step S 301  (S 301 : No), the processing of the control unit  19  also proceeds to the step S 304 . 
     At the step S 304 , the control unit  19  determines whether or not the control unit  19  received the latest properties from any instrument. In a case where the control unit  19  does not receive the latest properties (S 304 : No), the processing of the control unit  19  returns to the step S 301 . On the other hand, in a case where the control unit  19  received the latest properties (S 304 : Yes), the processing of the control unit  19  proceeds to a step S 305 . 
     At the step S 305 , the control unit  19  updates, for the instrument from which the latest properties are received, the properties in the instrument management database  17 . 
     At a step S 306 , the control unit  19  specifies the contents/target of the control command. That is, the control unit  19  specifies the contents/target of the control command based on the predetermined cooperation rule (see  FIG. 6 ) included in the instrument management database  17  and the properties of each instrument at this point. 
     At a step S 307 , the control unit  19  determines whether or not there is an instrument targeted for the control command. In a case where there is the instrument targeted for the control command (S 307 : Yes), the processing of the control unit  19  proceeds to a step S 308 . On the other hand, when there is no instrument targeted for the control command (S 307 : No), the processing of the control unit  19  returns to the step S 301 . 
     At the step S 308 , the control unit  19  transmits a predetermined control command to the instrument specified at the step S 306 . Accordingly, the control based on the cooperation rule is reflected on the predetermined instrument. 
     At a step S 309 , the control unit  19  determines whether or not the control unit  19  received an ACK signal from the instrument to which the control command is transmitted at the step S 308 . In a case where the control unit  19  received the ACK signal from the instrument (S 309 : Yes), the processing of the control unit  19  proceeds to a step S 310 . On the other hand, the control unit  19  does not receive the ACK signal from the instrument (S 309 : No), the processing of the control unit  19  returns to the step S 308 . 
     At the step S 310 , the control unit  19  determines whether or not a power supply of the control unit  19  itself is turned off by, e.g., manager&#39;s operation. In a case where the power supply is turned off (S 310 : Yes), the processing of the control unit  19  proceeds to a step S 311 . On the other hand, in a case where the power supply is not turned off (S 310 : No), the processing of the control unit  19  returns to the step S 301 . 
     At the step S 311 , the control unit  19  saves the instrument management database  17  (see  FIG. 2B ), and ends a series of processing (END). 
     Note that although not shown in  FIG. 9 , in a case where the upper apparatus (e.g., the BMS controller: not shown) is connected to the management apparatus  10 , the control unit  19  of the management apparatus  10  executes predetermined control such that a command from the BMS controller is directly reflected on each instrument, for example. 
     Advantageous Effects 
     According to the first embodiment, the management apparatus  10  having a relatively-simple configuration performs the cooperation control for the multiple types of instruments based on the predetermined cooperation rule. Moreover, it is configured such that in a case where there is no upper apparatus (not shown) such as the BMS controller, the management apparatus  10  also independently performs the cooperation control for each instrument. Thus, there is no need to provide an expensive apparatus such as the BMS controller (not shown), and therefore, the multiple types of instruments can be managed at low cost. Further, the management apparatus  10  can be used regardless of the presence or absence of the BMS controller, and therefore, there is an advantage that general versatility is high. 
     Flexible action can be taken on a manager side while a cost is reduced according to the size of a building. For example, the management apparatus  10  is used for a small-sized building while both of the BMS controller and the management apparatus  10  are used for a large-sized building. 
     Second Embodiment 
     A management system  100 A (see  FIG. 10 ) according to a second embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in that an upper apparatus  60  is connected to a management apparatus  10 A. Moreover, the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a subject managing each instrument is switched according to a time period. Note that other points (e.g., the configuration of the management apparatus  10 A) are similar to those of the first embodiment. Thus, the differences from the first embodiment will be described, and description of overlapping contents will be omitted. 
       FIG. 10  is a configuration diagram of the management system  100 A including the management apparatus  10 A according to the second embodiment. 
     As shown in  FIG. 10 , the management system  100 A includes the management apparatus  10 A and the upper apparatus  60 , and also includes a first instrument network ka, a second instrument network kb, and a third instrument network kc. 
     The upper apparatus  60  is an apparatus configured to manage each instrument sequentially via the third instrument network kc and the management apparatus  10 A. As the upper apparatus  60 , a building management system controller (a BMS controller) configured to perform predetermined communication based on a building automation and control networking protocol (BACnet) can be used, for example. The third instrument network kc is a communication line connecting a third instrument network communication interface  16   c  (see  FIG. 2A ) of the management apparatus  10 A and the upper apparatus  60  to each other. 
     Note that the configuration of the management apparatus  10 A is similar to that described in the first embodiment ( FIGS. 2A and 2B ), but is different from that of the first embodiment in that data regarding switching of the instrument management subject (see  FIG. 11 ) is included in an instrument management database. 
       FIG. 11  is a diagram for describing switching of the management subject (also see  FIG. 10 , as necessary). 
     In an example of  FIG. 11 , the management subject for each instrument is the upper apparatus  60  in a time period of 0:00 to 9:00 and a time period of 20:00 to 24:00. On the other hand, in a time period of 9:00 to 20:00, the management subject for each instrument is the management apparatus  10 A. That is, the management subject for each instrument is switched from the upper apparatus  60  to the management apparatus  10 A at 9:00, and is switched from the management apparatus  10 A to the upper apparatus  60  at 20:00. Setting information regarding such switching of the management subject is, together with a cooperation rule (see  FIG. 6 ) for each instrument, also stored in advance in the instrument management database  17  (see  FIG. 2B ). 
     Note that the above-described BMS controller may be used as the upper apparatus  60 , and on the other hand, a tenant management system controller (a TMS controller) may be used as the management apparatus  10 A. The TMS controller has such characteristics that the TMS controller is less expensive than the BMS controller and a fine setting change can be easily performed for the TMS controller. 
       FIG. 12  is a time chart regarding the upper apparatus  60 , the management apparatus  10 A, and an instrument. 
     Note that a time chart in a time period of 0:00 to 9:00 is shown on the upper side on the plane of paper of  FIG. 12  and a time chart in a time period of 9:00 to 20:00 is shown on the lower side on the plane of paper of  FIG. 12 . 
     As described above, the management subject for the instrument such as an air-conditioner  20  is the upper apparatus  60  in a time period of 0:00 to 9:00 (see  FIG. 11 ). 
     At a step S 401 , the upper apparatus  60  transmits a control command targeted for the predetermined instrument to the management apparatus  10 A. Note that it is assumed that a predetermined condition as a trigger for the processing of the step S 401  is satisfied. 
     At a step S 402 , the management apparatus  10 A transmits the control command received from the upper apparatus  60  to the target instrument. That is, the management apparatus  10 A transmits, with reference to an instrument ID (see  FIG. 5 ) included in the control command, the control command from the upper apparatus  60  to the predetermined instrument having an instrument address (see  FIG. 5 ) as an address. 
     At a step S 403 , the instrument having received the control command reflects the control command, and executes predetermined control. 
     At a step S 404 , the instrument having reflected the control command transmits an ACK signal for the control command to the management apparatus  10 A. 
     At a step S 405 , the management apparatus  10 A transmits the ACK signal, which is received by the management apparatus  10 A itself, for the control command (S 401 ) to the upper apparatus  60 . As described above, the management apparatus  10 A mediates information exchange between the upper apparatus  60  and the instrument in a time period of 0:00 to 9:00 (see  FIG. 11 ). In a case where the upper apparatus  60  is the management subject as described above, a control unit  19  of the management apparatus  10 A reflects the control command from the upper apparatus  60  on the control for the air-conditioner  20  or other instruments. 
     Note that although not shown in  FIG. 12 , the processing of transmitting data, which includes the latest properties of the instrument, to the upper apparatus  60  via the management apparatus  10 A is repeated as necessary. That is, in a case where the upper apparatus  60  is the management subject, the control unit  19  of the management apparatus  10 A repeats the processing of transmitting a signal, which indicates the states of the air-conditioner  20  and the other instruments, to the upper apparatus  60 . At this point, the management apparatus  10 A may update the instrument management database  17  based on the latest properties of the instrument. With this configuration, the management apparatus  10 A can execute cooperation control for each instrument by means of the latest properties included in the instrument management database  17  immediately after the management subject for the instrument is switched from the upper apparatus  60  to the management apparatus  10 A at 9:00. 
     After the processing of the steps S 401  to S 405  is repeated, the management subject is switched at 9:00, and the processing of steps S 406  to S 408  is performed in a time period of 9:00 to 20:00. 
     At the step S 406 , the upper apparatus  60  transmits a control command targeted for the predetermined instrument to the management apparatus  10 A. Note that it is assumed that a predetermined condition as a trigger for the processing of the step S 406  is satisfied. 
     At the step S 407 , the management apparatus  10 A replies a signal (an unacceptable signal), which indicates a time period in which the control command cannot be accepted, to the upper apparatus  60  as a response to the control command from the upper apparatus  60 . That is, in a case where the management apparatus  10 A itself is the management subject, when the control command is received from the upper apparatus  60  (S 406 ), the control unit  19  of the management apparatus  10 A replies a signal, which indicates that the control command is not transmitted to the air-conditioner  20  or the other instruments, to the upper apparatus  60  (S 407 ). 
     At the step S 408 , the management apparatus  10 A executes the cooperation control for the instruments. Note that the cooperation control for the instruments is similar to that of the first embodiment (S 107  to S 113  of  FIG. 3 ), and therefore, description thereof will be omitted. Then, the processing of the steps S 406  to  408  is repeated in a predetermined manner in a time period of 9:00 to 20:00. 
     As described above, in a case where the management apparatus  10 A itself is the management subject, the control unit  19  of the management apparatus  10 A controls the air-conditioner  20  or the other instruments based on a combination of instrument states regardless of the presence of absence of the control command from the upper apparatus  60  (i.e., the upper apparatus  60  is ignored, as it were). With this configuration, in a time period of 9:00 to 20:00, the management apparatus  10 A can execute the cooperation control for each instrument based on the predetermined cooperation rule (see  FIG. 6 ) without receiving influence from the upper apparatus  60 . 
     In a case where the management apparatus  10 A is the management subject for the instrument, the control unit  19  of the management apparatus  10 A does not necessarily transmit the signal (the properties), which indicates the states of the air-conditioner  20  and the other instruments, to the upper apparatus  60 . This is because the management apparatus  10 A does not accept the control command from the upper apparatus  60  in a time period of 9:00 to 20:00, and therefore, there is little need to transmit the properties of each instrument to the upper apparatus  60 . 
     Although not shown in  FIG. 12 , the management subject for the instrument is switched from the management apparatus  10 A to the upper apparatus  60  at 20:00 (see  FIG. 11 ). When the management subject for the instrument is switched from the management apparatus  10 A to the upper apparatus  60  as described above, the management apparatus  10 A may transmit a signal (the properties), which indicates the latest states of the air-conditioner  20  and the other instruments, to the upper apparatus  60 . Accordingly, the upper apparatus  60  can transmit a predetermined control command to the instrument immediately after the upper apparatus  60  itself is switched to the management subject for the instrument. 
     The information (see  FIG. 11 ) regarding such switching of the management subject for the instrument is, together with an object list and the predetermined cooperation rule, included in the instrument management database  17  (see  FIG. 2B ) of the management apparatus  10 A. 
     The management apparatus  10 A may be configured not to notify the upper apparatus  60  of information on the predetermined cooperation rule (see  FIG. 6 ) regarding the cooperation control for the instrument. With this configuration, in a case where the management apparatus  10 A is additionally provided, there is no need to perform a complicated setting change in the upper apparatus  60 , and therefore, a burden on a manager can be reduced. 
     Note that a time chart in a time period of 20:00 to 24:00 (see  FIG. 11 ) is similar to that of the steps S 401  to S 405  of  FIG. 12 , and therefore, description thereof will be omitted. 
       FIG. 13  is a flowchart showing the processing contents of the control unit  19  of the management apparatus  10 A. 
     At a step S 501 , the control unit  19  determines whether or not the current time is included in a management time of the management apparatus  10 A. Note that the “management time” is a time period in which instrument operation is mainly managed. In a case where the current time is included in the management time of the management apparatus  10 A (S 501 : Yes), the processing of the control unit  19  proceeds to a step S 502 . For example, in a case where the current time is 10:00, the current time is included in a management time of 9:00 to 20:00 (see  FIG. 11 ), and therefore, the processing of the control unit  19  proceeds to the step S 502 . 
     At the step S 502 , the control unit  19  determines whether or not the control unit  19  received the control command for the instrument from the upper apparatus  60 . In a case where the control unit  19  received the control command for the instrument from the upper apparatus  60  (S 502 : Yes), the processing of the control unit  19  proceeds to a step S 503 . 
     At the step S 503 , the control unit  19  transmits a signal (an unacceptable signal), which indicates that the control command cannot be accepted, to the upper apparatus  60  as a response to the control command from the upper apparatus  60 , and the processing proceeds to the processing of a step S 504 . At the step S 502 , in a case where the control unit  19  does not receive the control command for the instrument from the upper apparatus  60  (S 502 : No), the processing of the control unit  19  also proceeds to the step S 504 . 
     At the step S 504 , the control unit  19  executes the cooperation control for the instruments. Note that the cooperation control is similar to that of the first embodiment (S 107  to S 113  of  FIG. 3 ), and therefore, description thereof will be omitted. After the cooperation control for the instruments is performed at the step S 504 , the processing of the control unit  19  returns to “START” (“RETURN”). 
     On the other hand, in a case where the current time is not included in the management time of the management apparatus  10 A at the step S 501  (S 501 : No), the processing of the control unit  19  proceeds to a step S 505 . For example, in a case where the current time is 8:00, the current time is not included in a management time (see  FIG. 11 ) of 9:00 to 20:00 in the management apparatus  10 A, and on the other hand, is included in a management time of the upper apparatus  60 . Thus, the processing of the control unit  19  proceeds to the step S 505 . 
     At the step S 505 , the control unit  19  determines whether or not the control unit  19  received the control command for the instrument from the upper apparatus  60 . In a case where the control unit  19  received the control command for the instrument from the upper apparatus  60  (S 505 : Yes), the processing of the control unit  19  proceeds to a step S 506 . 
     At the step S 506 , the control unit  19  transmits the control command received from the upper apparatus  60  to the predetermined instrument. After the processing of the step S 506  is performed, the processing of the control unit  19  returns to “START” (“RETURN”). 
     In a case where the control unit  19  does not receive the control command for the instrument from the upper apparatus  60  at the step S 505  (S 505 : No), the processing of the control unit  19  also returns to “START” (“RETURN”). 
     Advantageous Effects 
     According to the second embodiment, the management apparatus  10 A mediates, in a predetermined time period (e.g., 0:00 to 9:00), the control command from the upper apparatus  60  to the instrument (S 401  to S 405  of  FIG. 12 ). In another time period (e.g., 9:00 to 20:00), the management apparatus  10 A executes the cooperation control for the instruments based on the predetermined cooperation rule (see  FIG. 6 ) regardless of the presence or absence of the control command from the upper apparatus  60  (S 406  to S 408  of  FIG. 12 ). With this configuration, the management apparatus  10 A can serve as the subject to execute the cooperation control among the instruments in the predetermined time period. 
     The management apparatus  10 A is, in some cases, additionally provided at an existing configuration (not shown) in which the upper apparatus  60  is directly connected to an instrument. In this case, the management subject for the instrument can be also switched between the upper apparatus  60  and the management apparatus  10 A according to the time period with the setting of the upper apparatus  60  being little changed. Moreover, a user can easily change the cooperation rule (see  FIG. 6 ) for the instrument. As described above, according to the second embodiment, a user&#39;s effort and a cost when the management subject is provided can be reduced. 
     &lt;Variations&gt; 
     The management apparatuses  10 ,  10 A etc. according to the present invention have been described above in each embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to such description and various changes can be made. 
     For example, with reference to  FIG. 3  of the first embodiment, the processing (S 111 ) has been described, in which the management apparatus  10  transmits the predetermined control command to the air-conditioner  20  based on the combination of the states of the illuminating apparatus  50  and the air-conditioner  20 . However, the present invention is not limited to such processing. That is, as shown in  FIG. 14 , different control commands may be each transmitted to the multiple types of instruments from the management apparatus  10  based on the predetermined cooperation rule. 
       FIG. 14  is a sequence diagram of processing in a management system including a management apparatus  10  according to a variation (see  FIG. 1 , as necessary). 
     Note that in  FIG. 14 , the same step numbers are used to represent processing steps similar to those of  FIG. 3 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 14 , in a case where predetermined properties are transmitted to the management apparatus  10  from each of a monitoring camera  30 , an air-conditioner  20 , an entry/exit system  40 , and an illuminating apparatus  50  (S 108   p , S 108   a  to S 108   c ), the management apparatus  10  updates an instrument management database (S 109 ), and specifies the target/contents of a control command (S 110 ). Then, in an example of  FIG. 14 , the management apparatus  10  transmits a predetermined control command to each of the air-conditioner  20 , the entry/exit system  40 , and the illuminating apparatus  50  (S 111   a  to S 111   c ). The timing of transmitting these control commands may be substantially the same among the instruments, or may be shifted among the instruments as necessary. Thereafter, each instrument reflects the control command (S 112   a  to S 112   c ), and replies an ACK signal to the management apparatus  10  (S 113   a  to S 113   c ). In such processing, in a case where locking by a door lock mechanism  41  (see  FIG. 1 ) is, for example, not available because a predetermined apparatus is being driven, such a situation may be informed to a user via remote controllers  24 ,  25 . 
     In the first embodiment, the case where the instrument control based on the predetermined cooperation rule is performed by the management apparatus  10  has been described, but the present invention is not limited to such a case. For example, a control unit  19  (see  FIGS. 2A and 2B ) may be built in the remote controller  24 ,  25  (see  FIG. 1 ) of the air-conditioner  20 , and the remote controller  24 ,  25  may control the instrument based on the predetermined cooperation rule. Alternatively, the instrument control based on the predetermined cooperation rule may be performed using a cloud computing system (not shown). 
     In the second embodiment, the case where the management subject for the instrument is switched based on the time period (see  FIG. 11 ) has been described, but the present invention is not limited to such a case. For example, instead of the time period, a day of the week, the date, or a combination thereof may be used as necessary. That is, the management subject managing the air-conditioner  20  and the other instruments may be switched based on at least one of the time period, the day of the week, or the date. 
     In the second embodiment, the processing (S 407 ) has been described, in which in a case where the management apparatus  10 A is the management subject, when the management apparatus  10 A receives the control command from the upper apparatus  60  (S 406  of  FIG. 12 ), the management apparatus  10  replies the unacceptable signal to the upper apparatus  60 . However, the present invention is not limited to such processing. That is, in a case where the management apparatus  10 A is the management subject, when the management apparatus  10 A receives the control command from the upper apparatus  60 , no reply may be provided from the management apparatus  10 A to the upper apparatus  60  (the upper apparatus  60  may be ignored). 
     For example, in a case where the management apparatus  10 A itself is the management subject, when the management apparatus  10 A receives the control command from the upper apparatus  60 , if such a control command is a predetermined control command (e.g., stop of operation of the air-conditioner  20 ) set in advance, the control unit  19  may transmit the control command to the air-conditioner  20  or the other instruments. If the control command is not the predetermined control command set in advance, the control unit  19  does not necessarily transmit the control command to the air-conditioner  20  or the other instruments. With this configuration, even in the time period in which the management apparatus  10 A is the management subject, part of the control command from the upper apparatus  60  can be selectively reflected on, e.g., the air-conditioner  20 . 
     In a case where the management apparatus  10 A itself is the management subject, when the management apparatus  10 A receives the control command from the upper apparatus  60 , the control unit  19  may reply a signal, which indicates that the above-described control command is transmitted to the air-conditioner  20  or the other instruments, to the upper apparatus  60  although not actually transmitting the control command to the air-conditioner  20  or the other instruments. With this configuration, even when the upper apparatus  60  is, for example, set such that an error message is issued in a case where the control command is not reflected on the instrument, the management apparatus  10 A can perform, as the management subject, the cooperation control for the instruments without the error message being issued. 
     In the second embodiment, the processing has been described, in which in a case where the management apparatus  10 A is the management subject, the control unit  19  does not transmit the signal, which indicates the states of the air-conditioner  20  and the other instrument, to the upper apparatus  60 . However, the present invention is not limited to such processing. That is, in a case where the upper apparatus  60  is the management subject, the control unit  19  may repeat the processing of transmitting the signal, which indicates the states of the air-conditioner  20  and the other instruments, to the upper apparatus  60 . Even in a case where the management apparatus  10 A itself is the management subject, the processing of transmitting the signal, which indicates the states of the air-conditioner  20  and the other instruments, to the upper apparatus  60  may be repeated. With this configuration, the upper apparatus  60  can transmit a predetermined control command regarding each instrument by way of the management apparatus  10 A immediately after the management subject is switched to the upper apparatus  60 . 
     In the second embodiment, the configuration has been described, in which the single management apparatus  10 A (see  FIG. 10 ) is provided. However, the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. For example, it may be configured such that multiple management apparatuses  10 A are connected to the upper apparatus  60  in a tree shape and the air-conditioners  20  and the other instruments are each connected to the management apparatuses  10 A in a tree shape. 
     In each embodiment, the configuration has been described, in which the second instrument network communication interface  16   b  (see  FIG. 2A ) of the management apparatus  10  is connected to three types of instruments (the monitoring camera  30 , the door lock mechanism  41 , and the illuminating apparatus  50 : see  FIG. 1 ) via the second instrument network kb. However, the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. For example, it may be configured such that the second instrument network communication interface  16   b  (see  FIG. 2A ) of the management apparatus  10  is connected to one or multiple types of instruments different from the air-conditioner  20  via the second instrument network kb. 
     In each embodiment, the example has been described, in which the monitoring camera  30  (see  FIG. 1 ) is provided separately from the air-conditioner  20  (see  FIG. 1 ). However, the present invention is not limited to such an example. That is, in a case where the air-conditioner  20  has the function of sensing a person in the room based on, an imaging result of, for example, a camera (not shown), the person sensing in the room result may be included in the properties, and such property information may be transmitted from the air-conditioner  20  to the management apparatus  10 . 
     In each embodiment, the example has been described, in which the multi air-conditioner  20  configured such that the outdoor unit  21  (see  FIG. 1 ) and the two indoor units  22 ,  23  (see  FIG. 1 ) are connected to each other through the refrigerant pipe (not shown) is used. However, the present invention is not limited to such an example. That is, each embodiment is applicable to various types of air-conditioners. 
     The information including not only the predetermined programs described in each embodiment but also a database and a file can be stored in a recording apparatus such as a memory, a hard drive, or a solid state drive (SSD) or a recording medium such as an integrated circuit (IC) card, a SD card, or a digital versatile disc (DVD). 
     Each embodiment has described the details for the sake of simplicity in description of the present invention, and is not limited to one including all configurations described above. Moreover, for some of the configurations of each embodiment, addition/omission/replacement of other configurations can be made. 
     The above-described mechanisms and configurations are those assumed necessary for description, and do not include all mechanisms and configurations necessary for a product. 
     LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS 
     
         
           100  Management System 
           10 ,  10 A Management Apparatus 
           20  Air-Conditioner 
           30  Monitoring Camera (Instrument) 
           41  Door Lock Mechanism (Instrument) 
           50  Illuminating Apparatus (Instrument) 
           16   a  First Instrument Network Communication Interface (First Communication Unit) 
           16   b  Second Instrument Network Communication Interface (Second Communication Unit) 
           16   c  Third Instrument Network Communication Interface (Third Communication Unit) 
           19  Control Unit 
         ka First Instrument Network 
         kb Second Instrument Network 
         kc Third Instrument Network 
           60  Upper Apparatus