Patent Publication Number: US-2007117551-A1

Title: Network device using subscriber identity module

Description:
REFERENCE TO PRIOR APPLICATION  
      This application is a divisional application of the U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/923,479 filed on Aug. 20, 2004 and entitled “Service Detail Record Application and System” which is incorporated herein in by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND  
      1. Technical Field  
      This invention relates a system and method for actively monitoring and reporting service usage activity on a wireless system, and more specifically, to a system for compiling service usage records for services used on the wireless system and transmitting the service usage records to a remote server for processing.  
      2. Description of the Related Arts  
      There are calling/billing systems in the art. Such systems typically include a Subscriber Identity Module smart card (“SIM card”) hooked into a cellular telephone, where the SIM cards contain information personal to the user. Such systems require specialized software on the cellular telephone, in order for compilation of call information to occur. For example, in typical systems, a SIM card for a Global System for Mobile Communications (“GSM”) cell phone can only be used with certain GSM cell phones having the specialized software on the GSM cell phone itself.  
      There are also calling/billing systems in the art which include SIM cards on which a running total is kept of the user&#39;s minutes and rating occurs on the card. Such SIM cards can be for calling plans where the user pays for minutes and services prior to using the minutes and services. In such SIM cards, a tariff table within the SIM card keeps track of the minutes and service and shuts off service itself when the user&#39;s paid minutes and/or services have been used up. Some of these systems conduct billing in real-time on the SIM. There are also additional SIM cards in the art in which complex billing rules are stored on the SIM card itself. Other calling/billing systems in the art allow the user to replenish an account (e.g., add minutes and services) during a call.  
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
      Embodiments of the inventions are directed to a SIM card for a phone or other communication device. The SIM card for a phone has a first memory partition on which a phone user identity and phone network access data are stored. A service usage monitoring application is stored in a memory. The service usage monitoring application (a) logs information about a service used via the phone, (b) creates a service usage record for the service activity based on the information, (c) stores the service usage record in a buffer, (d) creates a reporting message containing at least one service usage data record, (e) sends the reporting message to a remote server at a preset interval based on a triggered event, and (f) purges the at least one service usage record from the buffer upon successful transmission of the reporting message. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       FIG. 1  illustrates a cell phone according to an embodiment of the invention;  
       FIG. 2  illustrates a SIM card according to an embodiment of the invention;  
       FIG. 3  illustrates a diagram of a cellular system according to an embodiment of the invention;  
       FIG. 4A  illustrates a service usage monitoring method implemented by a wireless system according to an embodiment of the invention;  
       FIG. 4B  illustrates an alternative call monitoring method implemented by the cellular system according to an embodiment of the invention.  
       FIG. 4C  illustrates a service usage record reporting method implemented by a wireless system according to an embodiment of the invention;  
       FIG. 4D  illustrates a method of disabling the SIM card when predetermined standards are not met by the phone according to an embodiment of the invention;  
       FIG. 5  illustrates components within a memory partition according to an embodiment of the invention;  
       FIG. 6  illustrates a cell phone for accessing a network according to an embodiment of the invention;  
       FIGS. 7A and 7B  illustrate a method of remotely controlling services on a cell phone utilizing a SIM card implementing a service usage monitoring application according to an embodiment of the invention; and  
       FIG. 8  illustrates a diagram of another cellular system according to an embodiment of the invention. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION  
      An embodiment of the invention is directed to a method and system for compiling information pertaining to service usage made on a wireless network and transmitting the information via a wireless network to a Storage and Control Server (“SCS”). The service usage may be made via cellular telephones on a cellular network, for example. The cell phones may be GSM cell phones. A user may have a SIM card that contains personal user account information such as custom menus, telephone lists, personalized services, network access and authentication protocols, etc. The SIM card may also include a memory which stores instructions or unique software code for a customized service usage monitoring application. The SIM card may be used with any cell phone compliant with GSM standards.  
      The unique software code for the customized service usage monitoring application may be located entirely within the SIM card in a memory partition. Software on the cellular phone itself may be executed in conjunction with the instructions or code on the SIM card, but the unique instructions or code are contained entirely within the SIM card itself so that the SIM card can be moved from one GSM cellular phone to another GSM cellular phone and the customized service usage monitoring application may still be invoked. The customized service usage monitoring application may periodically send messages to the SCS, the messages containing details of service usage made via the cellular phone. Services in the GSM environment may include calling, messaging, use of General Packet Radio Service (“GPRS”), data calls, purchase transactions, downloading, streaming media, picture messaging, etc. The service usage records may be sent using the Short Message Service (“SMS”) format or in any other data format such as GPRS, User Datagram Protocol (“UDP”), a circuit-switched data calling protocol, or any other bearer channel available to the wireless phone. For example, the messages may contain information about the starting time and stopping time of a call or service, as well as the number and name of the called and calling parties. The messages may also contain information relating to an amount of The SCS may contain information relating to the usage on the user&#39;s account to determine how to charge for services and to decide whether to activate or terminate service.  
      An embodiment of the invention may also be implemented in a Code Division Multiple Access (“CDMA”) environment. In a CDMA environment, the available services may include, e.g., voice calling, messaging, Evolution Data Only (“EvDO”), single carrier (1x) radio transmission technology (“1xRTT”), circuit-switched data, packet data, etc. The service usage records for an embodiment in a CDMA environment may be sent using SMS, 1xRTT, UDP, a circuit-switched data calling protocol, or any other bearer channel available to the wireless phone.  
      As described below, terms such as “cell phone”, “cellular phone”, “cellular network”, “cellular services” are used to identify in a generic way any and all wireless common carrier phones, networks and services irrespective of the technologies (e.g., GSM, TDMA, CDMA, etc.) and frequencies (e.g., 800 MHz, 1900 MHz, Cellular band, PCS band, etc.) of operation.  
       FIG. 1  illustrates a cell phone  100  according to an embodiment of the invention. The cell phone  100  may be a GSM cell phone. GSM is a digital cellular phone technology based on Time Division Multiple Access (“TDMA”) that is the predominant system in Europe, but is also used around the world. Operating in the 900 MHz and 1.8 GHz bands in Europe and the 850 MHz Cellular band and 1.9 GHz PCS band in the U.S., GSM defines the entire cellular system, not just the air interface (TDMA, Code Division Multiple Access (“CDMA”), etc.).  
      The cell phone  100  includes a SIM card  105  that contains user account information such as custom menus, telephone lists, personalized services, network profile information, etc. The SIM card  105  is tiny computer in the mobile phone  100 . It has memory (for data and applications), a processor and the ability to interact with the user. Current SIM cards  105  typically have at least 16 to 64 kb of memory, which provides plenty of room for storing hundreds of personal phone numbers, text messages and other value-added services.  
      The SIM card  105  provides portability for the user&#39;s personal settings and information. For example, any GSM phone becomes immediately programmed after plugging in a SIM card  105 , thus allowing GSM phones to be easily rented or borrowed. The portability also makes it possible for a user to carry a mobile subscription and data through different types and generations of GSM phone or to a different GSM phone if the user&#39;s GSM phone were faulty or stopped working for some reason. The interfaces between the mobile handset and the SIM card  105  are fully standardized and there are already specifications in place for 3rd generation handsets and SIM cards  105 . Similar standards are also in place for CDMA handsets and their SIM card interfaces. This application can be applied similarly in a CDMA or Digital European Corldless Telephone (“DECT”) environment as well.  
      GSM also provides a Short Messaging Service (“SMS”) that enables text messages up to 160 characters in length to be sent to and from a GSM phone. It also supports data transfer at 9.6 Kbps to packet networks, Integrated Services Digital Network (“ISDN”) and Plain Old Telephone System or Service (“POTS”) users. GSM is a circuit-switched system that divides each 200 kHz channel into eight time slots.  
      General Packet Radio Service (“GPRS”) is an enhancement to the GSM mobile communications system that supports data packets. GPRS enables continuous flows of IP data packets over the system for such applications as Web browsing and file transfer. GPRS differs from GSM&#39;s short messaging service (GSM-SMS), which is limited to 160 bytes in each message (messages may be combined and reassembled to transfer larger files or messages).  
      The cell phone  100  may include a display  110 , the SIM card  105 , an SMS and GPRS Bearer Capability  115 . The display  110  may be a Liquid Crystal Display (“LCD”). The cell phone  100  may also include a binary download manager application  120 , which may be an application utilized to download ring tones from a source such as the Internet. A keypad  130  may be utilized to allow the user to enter a number to be called, or navigate through a menu on the display, for example. A menu interface application  125  may provide an interface between the keypad  130  and the display  110 . The cell phone  100  may also include a wireless Internet browser  135 , which the user may utilize, via the keypad  130  and the display  110 , to access the Internet. A Wireless Application Protocol/Wireless Instant Messaging (“WAP/WIM”) application  140  contains necessary protocols for wireless data communication and web browsing. A Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition (“J2ME”) application  145  contains necessary instructions and other software to implement the java within the cell phone  100 . The cell phone  100  may include a processor  150  to control operation of the cell phone  100  and execute necessary instructions or code to implement the various services within the cell phone. A memory  155 , such as a Random Access Memory (“RAM”), may store the instructions or code to implement the various applications. The cell phone  100  may include an antenna  160  for communication. Finally, the cell phone  100  may include a clock/timer  165  for keeping time such as, e.g., the time of day for display on the display  110  and the start and stop time of a call.  
       FIG. 2  illustrates a SIM card  105  according to an embodiment of the invention. The SIM card  105  may include a processor  200  and memory devices  205 ,  215 , and  230 . Each of the memory devices  205 ,  215 , and  230  may be a Random Access Memory (“RAM”), a flash memory, or any other suitable type of memory device. Although  FIG. 2  shows three separate memory devices  205 ,  215 , and  230 , other embodiments may include a single memory device where the contents of memories  205 ,  215 , and  230  are separated from each other by partitions.  
      Memory device  205  may include information or data specific to the carrier utilized by the cell phone  100 . For example, memory  205  may include GSM user identity and network access data  210  for a carrier such as Cingular, T*Mobile, or any other wireless carrier.  
      Memory device  215  may include data or program instructions specific to an operator of a service management system for using a carrier network. The operator may be the carrier, or it may be a separate entity. In the event that it is a separate entity, common access between the contents of memories  205  and  215  is limited to one or two call control GSM elemental files. This limited access feature may be included for security purposes. A service usage monitoring application  220  may be stored within the memory device  215 , as well as a personalization parameters  225 . The personalization parameters  225  may include parameters for determining how often the SIM  105  reports service usage records for the user. These parameters can include (a) time intervals for reporting service usage records; (b) the number of service usage records reported at a time; (c) the amount of data to store in a buffer prior to transmitting the service usage records; and (d) specific events triggering the reporting (e.g., at power-up or power-down of the cell phone  100 ), etc. Additional parameters include limits on the length of a call made with the cell phone  100  (inbound calls may also be limited to different time lengths than outbound calls). The parameters may also specify which services need to be reported (e.g., if the user has a service plan allowing unlimited SMS messages, it may not be necessary to send SMS usage records). The personalization parameters are customizable and may be dynamically changed at any time by the SCS by sending a message to the mobile device, even during a call.  
      The service usage monitoring application  220  may be a program which compiles information on all calls or service usage made by the user of the cell phone  100  and periodically sends the information to the SCS for processing. The service usage monitoring application  220  may be designed so that once the information is sent out from the SIM card  105 , it is no longer saved within the memory device  215 . Consequently, the SIM card  105  may utilize a relatively small memory device  215 . The service usage monitoring application  220  may periodically send the service usage records via SMS messages.  
      Memory device  230  may be utilized to store third-party applications. Memory device  230  may include a JAVA Virtual Machine  235  and a proactive SIM Application Toolkit (“SAT”)  240 . The proactive SAT  240  is a value added SIM service technology, capable of delivering secure, flexible, user-friendly value added services on existing networks and handsets. The value added services may be the display of sports scores, weather information, map directions, or the user&#39;s bank information, for example. The proactive SAT  240  was defined in the GSM 11.14 standard for 2G networks. From release 4 onward, GSM 11.14 is replaced by 3GPP 31.111 which also includes specifications of a Universal Subscriber Identity Module (“USIM”) Application Toolkit (“USAT”) for 3G networks.  
      With the development of the SAT  240 , the SIM card  105  can be programmed with applications that appear on the cell phone  100  display  110  as menu items. The SAT  240  is a technology that lets the SIM card  105  issue commands to the cell phone  100 . These commands range from displaying menus and getting user input, to sending and receiving SMS messages. The SAT  240  is essential for implementing security critical applications, since it allows for custom encryption. The SAT  240  technology is incorporated into many major mobile telecommunication standards.  
      Memory device  230  of the SIM card  105  may also include a Public Key Infrastructure (“PKI”) processor  245  to encrypt data to be sent out from the SIM card  105 . The memory device  230  may also include an extended SMS protocol application  250 , which invokes SMS protocols for communication.  
      The SIM card  105  may also include the processor  200  to execute code and implement applications stored within the memory devices  205 ,  215 , and  230 .  
      Additional embodiments may be implemented without use of a SIM card  105 . Specifically, the service usage monitoring application  220  described above with respect to  FIG. 2 , may be implemented directly by a cell phone  100 . Alternatively, the service usage monitoring application may be implemented by an alternative device for accessing a network such as a modem, and the network may be wireless, hard-wired, Voice-Over-Internet-Protocol (“VOIP”), or any other suitable type of network.  
       FIG. 6  illustrates a cell phone  100  for accessing a network according to an embodiment of the invention. The cell phone  610  of  FIG. 6  is similar to the cell phone  100  of  FIG. 1 , except that cell phone  600  does not have a SIM card  105 , unlike  FIG. 1 . The memory  615  is also similar to the memory  155 . The memory  615  may include user identity and network access data. The service usage monitoring application  200  may also be stored on the memory.  
       FIG. 3  illustrates a diagram of a cellular system  300  according to an embodiment of the invention. Although only a single cell phone  100  is shown, in practice this system  300  may be used with multiple cell phones  100  at any time. When the service usage monitoring application  220  determines that it is time to send service usage records to the SCS, it may cause the SIM card  105  to generate an SMS message containing the service usage records. The SIM card  105  is in communication with the radio transceiver  160  of the cell phone  160 , and may cause the cell phone to transmit out the SMS message or messages containing the call records. The SMS messages are transmitted on the Stand-alone Dedicated Control Channel (“SDCCH”) during an idle state of the cell phone  105 . The SDCCH is used in a GSM system to provide a reliable connection for signaling. If the user is on a call at the time the SMS messages are generated, then the SMS messages are transmitted on the Slow Associated Control Channel (“SACCH”). The SACCH is a GSM signaling channel that provides a relatively slow signaling connection. The SACCH is associated with either a traffic or dedicated channel.  
      The SMS messages are received by a communication tower  305  and then routed to a Base Transceiver Station (“BTS”)  310 . The BTS  310  may comprise radio transmission and reception devices and antennas. The BTS  310  may be in contact with a Base Station Controller (“BSC”)  315  via a “land line” interface. The BSC  315  acts as equipment manager for the radio interface. This may be done via remote commands to the BTS  310  and the cell phone  100 . The BSC  315  may manage more than one BTS  310 .  
      “Cellular communications” refers to a sub-field of mobile communications in which the geographical area is sub-divided into cells. Each cell is handled by a BTS  310 . End-user devices (such as cell phones  100  or vehicle-mounted phones) are called Mobile Stations (“MS”) and they talk to the BTS  310  using an over-the-air radio interface. This is the only wireless interface in the cellular system  300  which means it is based on radio communication. Since the radio frequency spectrum is at a premium, the aim is to pack as many MSs as possible in a single radio frequency band. Unlike other radio systems, in cellular communications the MS is constantly moving through different cells, as the end-user moves about. This transition from one cell to the other is meant to be transparent to the end-user. To accomplish this, the MS and BTS  310  perform something called “hand-over.” A hand-over involves seamlessly handing over the MS from one BTS  310  to another, when the user crosses a cell. Other key entities which are part of the cellular system  300  include a Mobile services Switching Center (“MSC”)  320  which connects the cellular system  300  to external networks such as the regular phone system, a Home Location Register (“HLR”)  325  which contains information about the user and the current location of the MS, and a Visitor Location Register (“VLR”)  330  which contains dynamic information as well as copies of the BLR  325  for MSs currently in the area. The BLR  325  may be in communication with an authentication center  327  which authenticates the user.  
      The VLR  330  may contain all the subscribers who are currently visiting within the service area. The HLR  325  may contain all the subscribers within the provider&#39;s home service area.  
      The system  300  may utilize a Signal System 7 (“SS7”) network  340 . SS7 is a protocol used in a public switched telephone system (the “intelligent network” or “advanced intelligent network”) for setting up calls and providing services. The SS7 network  340  is a separate signaling network that is used in Class 4 and Class 5 voice switches.  
      The SS7 network  340  sets up and tears down the call, handles all the routing decisions and supports all modern telephony services such as 800 numbers, call forwarding, caller ID and local number portability (LNP). The voice switches known as “service switching points” (“SSPs”) query “service control point” (“SCP”) databases using packet switches known as “signal transfer points” (“STPs”).  
      Accessing databases using a separate signaling network enables the system to more efficiently obtain static information such as the services a customer has signed up for and dynamic information such as ever-changing traffic conditions in the network. In addition, a voice circuit is not tied up until a connection is actually made between both parties.  
      An International Mobile Equipment Identifier (“IMEI”)  337  is used to uniquely identify the mobile communications device  100  in a GSM network. The SIM card  105  of cell phone  100  also includes a unique electronic serial number (a circuit card ID (“CCID”)), circuit card ID). The equipment identity register (“EIR”)  337  contains a list of IMEI&#39;s for stolen cell phones, for example, so that when a user tries to use a cell phone  100  having an IMEI on a banned list, service is not initiated. In other embodiments, the equipment identity register  337  need not be utilized.  
      The Public Switched Telephone Network (“PSTN”)  335  is a worldwide voice telephone network. Once only an analog system, the heart of most telephone networks today is entirely digital. In the U.S., most of the remaining analog lines are the ones from your house or office to the telephone company&#39;s central office (“CO”).  
      The MSC  320  connects a landline PSTN  335  system to the mobile phone system. The MSC  320  is also responsible for compiling call information for billing and handing off calls from one cell to another.  
      A Short Message Service Center (“SMSC”)  342  allows SMS messages to be sent to and from the cell phone  100 . The SMSC  342  provides an interface enabling effective exchange of large quantities of text messages (i.e., SMS) between the company, where it is based, and GSM users. The transfer of SMSs to cell phone  100  users takes place via GSM networks. It allows for sending both text and graphic messages, such as the operator&#39;s logo or picture messages, and sending ringtones. This interface may be based on a direct or indirect TCP connection to GSM network operators using the SM-PP protocol, bi-directional email addressing for SMS messages, or a direct or indirect SS7 interface to the carrier&#39;s SMSC. An access protocol assigned to a given operator is used for exchanging messages with the SMSC  342 . In its most recent version, the system also provides for handling multimedia MMS messages. The cellular system  300  may also include an Over-The-Air (“OTA”) delivery platform  352 . OTA is a technology used to communicate with, download applications to, and manage a SIM card  105  without being connected physically to the SIM card  105 . OTA enables a Network Operator to introduce new SIM services or to modify the contents of SIM cards  105  in a rapid and cost-effective way. OTA is based on client/server architecture where at one end there is an operator back-end system (customer care, billing system, application server, etc.) and at the other end there is the SIM card  105 .  
      The operator&#39;s back-end system sends service requests to an OTA Gateway  355 , which transforms the requests into Short Messages and sends them onto the SMSC  342  which transmits them to a subscriber&#39;s SIM card  105  in the field. The OTA Gateway  355  receives Service-Requests through a Gateway API that indicates the actual card to modify/update/activate. In fact, inside the OTA Gateway  355  there is a card database that indicates for each card, the SIM vendor, the card&#39;s  105  identification number, the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (“IMSI”) and the Mobile Subscriber ISDN Number (“MSISDN”). The OTA delivery platform  352  may encrypt messages and send them to the SIM card  105 , where they are decrypted.  
      The communication between the SCS  362  and the SIM  105  need not be made through the OTA delivery platform  352 . Instead, it may be made via SMS messages, or any other suitable messaging format utilizing the SMSC or a direct data bearer channel, such as GPRS  342 .  
      The service request is then formatted into a message that can be understood by the recipient SIM card  105 . To achieve this, the OTA Gateway  355  has a set of libraries that contain the formats to use for each brand of SIM cards  105 . The OTA Gateway  355  then formats the message differently depending on the recipient SIM card  105 .  
      A formatted message is then sent to the SMSC  342  using the right set of parameters as described in GSM 03.48. Next, the OTA Gateway  355  issues as many SMS messages as are required to fulfill the Service-Request. In this operation, the OTA Gateway  355  is also responsible for the integrity and security of the process.  
      The OTA Delivery Platform  352  also includes subscriber management tools  357 . The subscriber management tools  357  may be utilized to manage the user&#39;s (i.e., the “subscriber&#39;s”) usage (e.g., to change permissions or cut off services). The subscriber management tools  357  may be in communication with a billing system  360 . The billing system  360  may also interface between a service platform within the SCS  362  and a switch manager  365 . The switch manager  365  take orders from the billing system  360  and may have a function of initializing various communications servers for the user, such as the HLR  325 , SMSC  342 . The service platform within the SCS  362  may contain information about the user of the cell phone  100 , such as, e.g., the user&#39;s rating, payment plan, minutes, and other services such as voicemail, call waiting, etc.  
      An advanced billing and rating system  387  within the SCS  362  may be operated and controlled by the carrier or by a separate entity who receives call records, makes adjustments to the user&#39;s account based on the usage of the wireless services  100 . In the event that the user has already paid for certain services, access time, or minutes, and the user uses up all available units of service, the SCS  362  may send a message to the phone or to the wireless carrier&#39;s network interface to suspend services for the user, which may include the termination of a call in progress. In other embodiments, the SCS  362  may simply cause the billing system  360  to keep a running total of the amount of services consumed by the user for the call. The SCS  362  may include a point-to-point SMS client  367 . The point-to-point SMS client  367  may receive the SMS messages in which service usage records are stored, and may transmit messages to configure, initialize, or update the SIM application (i.e., the service usage monitoring application) control functions  370 .  
      The service platform implemented by SCS  362  may allow cell phone  100  management with the ability to reconfigure, query, and update parameters on the SIM card  105  using SM-PP, OTA, and point-of-sale SIM card programmers. The service platform implemented by the SCS  362  may also support self-provisioning and self-replenishment applications. The architecture may provide the necessary interfaces to the carrier&#39;s provisioning system and message mailbox, and to the SCS  362 .  
      The SIM application control tools module  370  on the SCS  362  may receive the SMS messages that were sent by the SIM card  105  and received by the point-to-point SMS client  367 . The SIM application control tools module  370  may be utilized by the SCS  362  to analyze and store usage detail records received. The application control tools module  370  may be configured to only access information stored within the second memory device  215 /second portioned memory of the SIM card  105 , for security purposes.  
      The SCS  362  may also include an OTA gateway client  383  which may communicate with the OTA gateway  355  via the Internet  381 . The SCS  362  may also include a wireless Internet gateway  385  which may communicate with the OTA gateway  355  via the Internet  381 . The wireless Internet gateway  385  may be in communication with a Wireless Markup Language (“WML”) server  390 . The WML server  390  may communicate with a trusted operator services module  393 . The trusted operator services module  393  may be utilized, e.g., to provide an interface to allow the user to purchase goods and provides security for such transactions.  
      The service usage monitoring application  220  within the SIM card  105  is a proactive SIM card application to achieve improved monitoring of service usage by the wireless device, real time call control, and customer communications. The service usage monitoring application  220  is used in combination with a server-based record processing, storage, and provisioning platform (located within SCS  362 ). The service usage monitoring application  220  operates by monitoring and reporting call, SMS, and other communications activity for a particular cell phone  100  to the SCS  362 , which may be located at a remote site. More specifically, the service usage monitoring application  220  uses a modified SIM card  105  programmed to monitor every service usage event, initiated or received by the cell phone. The service usage monitoring application  220  creates and stores on the SIM card  105  a record of the call duration for each call and/or the number of the SMS messages sent or received. At a predetermined time, the service usage monitoring application  220  causes the information stored on the SIM card to be sent via an SMS message to the SCS  362 .  
       FIG. 8  illustrates a diagram of another cellular system according to an embodiment of the invention. A wireless user device  800  includes a processor  825  in communication with a memory  820 . The memory  820  may store code for the service usage monitoring application  220  and application data (e.g., for a SIM card  105 ). The wireless device  800  may communicate with a wireless services network  805  via wireless technology-based services (e.g., GSM Voice, SMS, etc.). The wireless services network  805  may be a GSM/GPRS/SMS network. The wireless services network  805  may communicate with the SCS  362  via an interface. The interface (e.g., a proprietary interface to a switch manager) may be utilized to activate and/or suspend a user&#39;s services. The SCS  362  may interface with a network  815 . The network  815  may be utilized for the transport (e.g., via SMS messages) of reports and control messages to and from the service usage monitoring application  220  and the SCS  362 . In some embodiments, the network  815  may be the same as the wireless services network  805 .  
       FIG. 4A  illustrates a call monitoring method implemented by the cellular system  300  according to an embodiment of the invention. First, the service usage monitoring application  220  detects  400  whether a call/service usage has begun. The service usage monitoring application  220  monitors each call using two events: “CALL CONNECT” and “CALL DISCONNECT.” These events are sent by the cell phone  100  to the SIM card  105  at call connection and call disconnection. For each call/service usage monitored, the SIM card  105  measures the duration by retrieving the handset time at the beginning and at the end of the call/service, or by using the available timers on the mobile to determine the length of services consumed, or by counting service events, such as SMS messages, transactions, downloads, etc.  
      Next, the service usage monitoring application  220  logs  405  the calling number (for inbound calls/services) or the called number (for outbound calls/services). The service usage monitoring application  220  then determines  410  the start time of the call or service—this may be taken from the clock/timer  165 . A counter x may then be initialized  415  to the value “0”. At operation  420 , the service usage monitoring application  220  determines  420  whether the call or service usage has ended. If “no,” processing proceeds to operation  425 , where counter x is incremented. If “yes,” processing proceeds to operation  440 . At operation  430 , the service usage monitoring application  220  determines whether counter x is equal to y, a preset threshold value. If “no,” processing returns to operation  420 . If “yes,” processing proceeds to operation  435 , where the time is retrieved from the clock/timer  165 . The reason for using the counter and retrieving the time during the call is so that an accurate call/service usage length can be determined in case there are any unexpected interruptions of power. In other embodiments, a method where a counter in decremented may be utilized.  
      At the end of each call/service usage, the service usage monitoring application  220  creates  440  a Usage Detail Record (UDR), which may include (a) the type of call/service usage (e.g., inbound or outbound, SMS, GPRS, etc.), (b) the destination address or the calling/service usage address (depending on the type of call/service usage), and (c) the duration/count of the call/service usage. The service usage monitoring application  220  may accumulate  445  the UDRs in a UDR buffer.  
       FIG. 4B  illustrates an alternative service usage monitoring method implemented by the UDR application  300  according to an embodiment of the invention. First, the service usage monitoring application  220  detects  447  whether a call/service usage has begun. Next, the service usage monitoring application  220  logs  449  the calling number (for inbound calls/services) or the called number (for outbound calls/services). The service usage monitoring application  220  then determines  451  the start time of the call or service—this may be taken from the clock/timer  165 .  
      At operation  453 , the service usage monitoring application  220  determines whether the call or service usage has ended. If “no,” processing stays at operation  453 . If “yes,” processing proceeds to operation  455 , where the end time is retrieved from the clock/timer  165 .  
      At the end of each call/service usage, the service usage monitoring application  220  creates  457  a UDR for the call/service usage. The service usage monitoring application  220  may then store the UDR  459  in the UDR buffer.  
       FIG. 4C  illustrates a UDR reporting method implemented by the UDR application  300  according to an embodiment of the invention. First, at a predefined frequency, the service usage monitoring application  220  creates  465  a UDR message in SMS format, fills it with the maximum number of UDRs possible, and adds SMS counters and a security layer. The UDR SMS message is then sent  470  to the SCS  362 . The UDR SMS message may be encrypted. The service usage monitoring application  220  checks  475  for acknowledgement of receipt. If no acknowledgment is received, processing returns to operation  470 . However, if acknowledgement is received, the delivered UDR records are purged  480  from the UDR buffer. If the cell phone  100  is powered-off before the SMS is sent, the service usage monitoring application  220  attempts to send it again when the cell phone  100  powers on again.  
      The service usage monitoring application  220  also monitors inbound and, if possible, outbound short messages. This is done by incrementing an inbound SMS counter and an outbound SMS counter each time a text message is received or sent.  
      The service usage monitoring application  220  monitors inbound short messages by filtering the modifications made in the SMS file by the phone. Each time, the phone updates a record in the SMS file with the status byte set to “Message received by MS from network; message to be read,” the service usage monitoring application  220  increases the inbound SMS counter by one.  
      The service usage monitoring application  220  also monitors outbound short messages. Each time the user attempts to send an SMS message, the service usage monitoring application  220  authorizes it and increments the outbound SMS counter by one. In other embodiments, this SMS control and reporting need not be performed.  
      The service usage monitoring application  220  may request the cell phone  100  to disconnect the call or end the service by sending a refresh command. This will cause the cell phone  100  to run a GSM session termination procedure and to disconnect any ongoing calls/services. Subsequently, the cell phone  100  will activate the SIM card  105  again and start a new session.  
       FIG. 4D  illustrates a method of disabling the SIM card  105  when predetermined standards are not met by the phone according to an embodiment of the invention. First, the service usage monitoring application  220  interrogates  486  the cell phone  100 . Next, the service usage monitoring application  220  determines  488  whether certain predetermined standards (e.g., SIM call control and SMS capability) are present. If they are not present, then the service usage monitoring application disables  490  the SIM card  105 . If they are present, then the SIM card  105  and the cell phone  100  may function  492  properly.  
      The service usage monitoring application  220  may be remotely controlled by the SCS  362 . The SIM card  105  may receive an encrypted control message from the SCS  362 , the control message including parameters to control the service on the cell phone  100  and optimize a reporting frequency of messages containing the UDR records. The parameters may include (a) a time frequency at which the message is sent to the SCS  362 ; (b) a message size threshold before the message is sent; (c) a service count limit of services utilized on the cell phone  100  prior to the reporting messages being sent; and (d) a maximum call length allowed.  
      The parameters may also include an ability to command the SIM card to immediately send the reporting message(s), and set a transmission time of the reporting message(s) according to a predefined event such as power-up and power-down. The control message can enable or disable various modes of service, such as: inbound service, outbound service, Short Message Service, voice service, General Packet Radio Service, transaction service, and download service. The receipt of the control message and the transmission of the UDR records may be transparent to a user of the phone (i.e., the user may not even know that the control message has been received by the cell phone  100 , or that the UDR records have been transmitted). The control message may cause an updating of the service usage monitoring application  220  by downloading new code libraries to the service usage monitoring application  220  and commanding the service usage monitoring application  220  to utilize the new code libraries and purge old code libraries.  
       FIGS. 7A and 7B  illustrate an additional method of remotely controlling services on a cell phone  100  utilizing a SIM card  105  implementing a service usage monitoring application  220  according to an embodiment of the invention. This method may be implemented by a processor or computer at the SCS  362 . First, method determines whether a customer activation has been initiated  700 . A customer activation may be initiated by a user using the cell phone  100  having the SIM  105  for the first time, e.g. A command is then sent  705  to the carrier&#39;s activation system for activation. Next, the method determines  710  whether activation has been allowed. If “no,” processing remains at operation  710 . If “yes,” processing proceeds to operation  720 . At operation  715 , the method determines whether a new phone message has been received. The new phone message may be received, e.g., when a new user uses the cell phone  100  for the first time. At operation  725 , the method initiates a product load. The product load may be initiated where a user has just initiated service after purchasing a new cell phone  100 , or a current user has added new services. Next, the method determines  730  whether it is a new activation. If “yes,” processing proceeds to operation  720 . If “no,” processing proceeds to operation  735 .  
      At operation  720 , the method determines whether the product (i.e., everything required to implements a service on the phone such as, e.g., software and various parameters associated with the service) is loaded and the new phone message is received. If “no,” processing remains at operation  720 . If “yes,” processing proceeds to operation  735 , where a configuration message is sent to the service usage monitoring application  220  running on the SIM card  105  of the cell phone  100 . The configuration message may be sent in the SMS format and may be encrypted.  
      As shown in  FIG. 7B , at operation  740  the method determines whether a UDR is received by the SCS  362 . If “no,” processing remains at operation  740 . If “yes,” processing proceeds to operation  745  where error checking and message verification (e.g., sych, reconciliation, and enrichment) is performed on the received UDR. Next, the product limits (e.g., service plan parameters) are calculated  750 . The method then determines  755  whether the user has exceeded the service plan limits. If “no,” processing proceeds to operation  760  where the method determines whether the product configuration threshold has been reached. If “yes,” and updated configuration message with parameters is sent  770  to the service usage monitoring application  220  running on the SIM card  105  of the cell phone  100 . The configuration message may be encrypted. If “no,” processing proceeds to operation  775 , and the method waits  775  for additional UDRs to be received, and which point processing returns to operation  740 .  
      If at operation  755 , the method determines that the service plan limits have not been exceeded, then processing proceeds to operations  765  and  780 . At operation  765 , a configuration message is sent by the SCS  362  to the service usage monitoring application  220  running on the SIM card  105  of the cell phone  100 . The configuration message may be encrypted. At operation  780 , a message is sent to the carrier to inform that the user&#39;s service is to be suspended. Alternatively (or additionally), a control message may also be sent to the SIM card  105  to suspend operation locally.  
       FIG. 5  illustrates components within the memory  215  according to an embodiment of the invention. The memory  215  may include an inbound SMS counter  500  to keep a record out the number of inbound calls. The inbound SMS counter  500  may be a portion of the memory  215  that is incremented. The memory  215  may include an outbound SMS counter  505  to keep a record out the number of outbound calls. The outbound SMS counter  505  may be a portion of the memory  215  that is incremented. The memory  215  may also include a UDR buffer  510  in which the UDR records may be stored.  
      Although the embodiments described above all pertain to SIM cards  105  for cellular phone networks, in other embodiments, a cellular phone and cellular network need not be used. Instead, e.g., a Voice-Over-Internet-Protocol (“VOIP”) network may be utilized. Other embodiments may also utilize devices other than cell phones. Such devices may accept SIM cards  105 —a wireless data card is an example of such as device. Generally, such devices may be communication devices patched over a network. Also, other devices may also utilize additional networks other than GSM or CDMA, such as, e.g., DECT, TDMA, or any other SIM wireless network that accepts a SIM card  105 .  
      While the description above refers to particular embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood that many modifications may be made without departing from the spirit thereof. The accompanying claims are intended to cover such modifications as would fall within the true scope and spirit of an embodiment of the present invention. The presently disclosed embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of an embodiment of the invention being indicated by the appended claims, rather than the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.