Patent Publication Number: US-7913820-B2

Title: Control system for elevator

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to a control system for elevators for controlling operations of elevator apparatuses. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     Conventionally, there has been proposed an elevator group control device for supervising traveling of a plurality of elevator apparatuses as a group. In a building provided with this conventional elevator group control device, elevator doorways corresponding to each of the elevator apparatuses are provided at each single floor. A call registration command device, which is operated by passengers to call cars, is provided at that floor. When the call registration command device is operated, the allocation of those of the cars which are to be moved to that floor is carried out. 
     The allocation of the cars is carried out by comparing time periods required until the arrival of the cars at that floor with time periods required until the arrival of passengers at the elevator doorways. In this case, when the time period required until the arrival of a certain one of the cars at that floor is shorter than the time period required until the arrival of a passenger at a corresponding one of the elevator doorways, this elevator doorway is excluded from targets for allocation. Thus, that one of the cars which arrives after the arrival of the passenger at the elevator doorway can be allocated, so the passenger is prevented from missing that car (see Patent Document 1). 
     Patent Document 1: U.S. Pat. No. 3,040,524 
     DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION 
     Problem to be Solved by the Invention 
     However, in the conventional elevator group control device, those of the cars which can arrive before a passenger arrives at each of the elevator doorways are excluded from allocated objects. Therefore, even when, for example, one of the cars is stopped at that floor and the other cars are located far from that floor and take a long time to arrive at that floor, those cars located far from that floor are allocated. As a result, the passenger can arrive at each of the elevator doorways before those cars arrive at that floor. However, the passenger must wait for the arrival of those cars in front of each of the elevator doorways for a long time. 
     The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem, and it is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a control system for elevators which makes it possible to shorten the waiting time periods of passengers and prevent the passengers from missing cars. 
     Means for Solving the Problem 
     A control system for elevators according to the present invention controls operations of a plurality of elevator apparatuses, which have cars that can stop at a common landing floor and elevator doorways provided at the landing floor for allowing passengers to get on/off the cars stopped at the landing floor from/to the landing floor. The control system includes: a landing call registration device provided at the landing floor to be operable at the landing floor; a landing call automatic registration portion for setting as a car call floor the landing floor where the landing call registration device is operated, and making a car call registration for stopping any one of the cars at the car call floor; a response selection portion for selecting as a selected elevator that one of the elevator apparatuses which responds to the car call registration, based on information from the elevator apparatuses and information from the landing call automatic registration portion; a passenger traveling time period calculation portion for setting as a selected doorway that one of the elevator doorways of the selected elevator, which is provided at the car call floor, based on information from the response selection portion, and calculating a passenger traveling time period required for traveling of passengers from the landing call registration device to the selected doorway; and an opening/closing control portion for controlling opening/closing operations of the selected doorway based on information from the selected elevator and information from the passenger traveling time period calculation portion. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram showing a control system for elevators according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 
         FIG. 2  is a functional block diagram showing the control system for the elevators shown in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 3  is a flowchart for explaining processing operations of the control system body of  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 4  is a flowchart for explaining the processing operations of a control system for elevators according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. 
         FIG. 5  is a functional block diagram showing a control system for elevators according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. 
         FIG. 6  is a flowchart for explaining the processing operations of the control system for the elevators shown in  FIG. 5 . 
         FIG. 7  is a flowchart for explaining the processing operations in calculating the passenger traveling time period in a control system for elevators according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. 
         FIG. 8  is a flowchart for explaining the processing operations in calculating the passenger traveling time period in a control system for elevators according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. 
         FIG. 9  is a schematic diagram showing a control system for elevators according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. 
         FIG. 10  is a functional block diagram showing the control system for the elevators shown in  FIG. 9 . 
     
    
    
     BEST MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION 
     Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described hereinafter with reference to the drawings. 
     Embodiment 1 
       FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram showing a control system for elevators according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Referring to  FIG. 1 , a building is provided with a plurality of (three in this example) elevator apparatuses  1  to  3 . The building is also provided with a plurality of landing floors  4  where the elevator apparatuses  1  to  3  can be used. The elevator apparatuses  1  to  3  have cars  5  and elevator doorways  6 . The cars  5  can stop at the landing floors  4 . The elevator doorways  6  are provided at each of the landing floors  4  so that passengers can get on/off the cars  5  from/to each of the landing floors  4 . 
     An elevator hall  7  is provided at each of the landing floors  4 . The elevator doorways  6  of the elevator apparatuses  1  to  3  are provided horizontally apart from one another in the elevator hall  7 . Each of the elevator doorways  6  is provided with a pair of elevator doors  8  for opening/closing the elevator doorway  6 . 
     A plurality of (three in this example) hall lanterns  9  for reporting to the elevator hall  7  that one of the elevator doorways  6  which is to be opened subsequently and the arrival of the corresponding one of the cars  5  are provided at each of the landing floors  4 . Each of the hall lanterns  9  is provided in the vicinity of a corresponding one of the elevator doorways  6 . In this example, that one of the elevator doorways  6  which is to be opened is reported through the lighting of the corresponding one of the hall lanterns  9 , and the arrival of the corresponding one of the cars  5  is reported through the blinking of the corresponding one of the hall lanterns  9 . 
     Provided at each of the landing floors  4  is a landing call registration device  10  that can be operated there. In this example, the landing call registration device  10  is installed at a hall doorway through which passengers get into/out of the elevator hall  7 . The landing call registration device  10  is provided with a destination floor selector  11  for selecting target floors through the operations by passengers, and an indicator  12  for indicating the target floors selected by the passengers. The target floor selector  11  has a general-purpose selector designed for the selection of target floors by able-bodied persons, and a disabled-accessible selector disposed below the general-purpose selector to help disabled persons such as wheelchair users and the like select target floors. Each of the general-purpose selector and the disabled-accessible selector is provided with a plurality of target floor buttons. 
     Provided in the car  5  of each of the elevator apparatuses  1  to  3  is an in-car call registration device  13  that can be operated therein. The in-car call registration device  13  is provided with a destination floor selector (not shown) for selecting destination floors of the car  5  through the operation by passengers, and an indicator (not shown) for indicating the current position of the car  5 . The destination floor selector is provided with a plurality of destination floor buttons. 
     Information from the landing call registration device  10  and information from the elevator apparatuses  1  to  3  are transmitted to a control system body  14  for controlling the operations of the elevator apparatuses  1  to  3  comprehensively. The control system body  14  controls the operations of the elevator apparatuses  1  to  3  based on the information from the landing call registration device  10  and the information from the elevator apparatuses  1  to  3 . 
     The control system body  14  has a group supervision/control device  15  for operating and supervising the elevator apparatuses  1  to  3  as a group, and a plurality of (three in this example) individual control devices  16  for controlling the operations of the elevator apparatuses  1  to  3  individually based on information from the group supervision/control device  15 . 
       FIG. 2  is a functional block diagram showing the control system for the elevators shown in  FIG. 1 . Referring to  FIG. 2 , the control system body  14  has a landing call automatic registration portion  17 , an in-car call automatic registration portion  18 , a response selection portion  19 , a database (storage portion)  20 , a passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21 , and an opening/closing control portion  22 . 
     The landing call automatic registration portion  17  sets as a car call floor that one of the landing floors  4  whose landing call registration device  10  is operated, based on information from landing call registration devices  10 , and automatically makes a car call registration for stopping one of the cars  5  of the elevator apparatuses  1  to  3  at the car call floor. 
     The in-car call automatic registration portion  18  automatically makes a car call registration for stopping the car  5  at a destination floor selected through the operation of each of in-car call registration devices  13 , based on information from the in-car call registration devices  13 . 
     The response selection portion  19  selects as a selected elevator that one of the elevator apparatuses  1  to  3  which responds to a car call registration made by the landing call automatic registration portion  17 , based on information from the elevator apparatuses  1  to  3 , information from the landing call automatic registration portion  17 , and information from the in-car call automatic registration portion  18 . That is, the response selection portion  19  calculates as evaluation values waiting time periods at a car call floor which are required until the arrival of the cars  5  of the elevator apparatuses  1  to  3  (performs calculation of the evaluation values), and selects as a selected elevator that one of the elevator apparatuses which has the best evaluation value. In other words, the response selection portion  19  performs calculation of the evaluation values of the elevator apparatuses  1  to  3  to select the selected elevator. The selected elevator is selected based on information on the positions and the speeds of the cars  5  of the elevator apparatuses  1  to  3 , information on whether or not each of the cars  5  is fully loaded, information on the number of stops of each of the cars  5  before the arrival thereof at the car call floor, and the like. In this example, the selected elevator is selected by the group supervision/control device  15 . 
     Time periods required for the traveling of passengers from the landing call registration device  10  to the elevator doorways  6  (passenger traveling time periods) are stored in the database  20  in advance. 
     The passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  sets as a selected doorway that one of the elevator doorways  6  of the selected elevator which is provided at the car call floor, based on information from the response selection portion  19  and information from the database  20 , and calculates a passenger traveling time period required for the traveling of a passenger from the landing call registration device  10  to the selected doorway. The passenger traveling time period is calculated by reading from the database  20  that one of the passenger traveling time periods which corresponds to the selected doorway. 
     The opening/closing control portion  22  controls the opening/closing operations of the selected doorway based on operational information from the selected elevator and information from the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21 . That is, when the car  5  of the selected elevator stops at the car call floor and a door-opening operation of the selected doorway is completed before the passenger traveling time period calculated by the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  elapses after the making of the car call registration by the landing call automatic registration portion  17 , the opening/closing control portion  22  holds the selected doorway in a door-open state until the passenger traveling time period elapses. When the door-opening operation of the selected doorway is completed after the lapse of the passenger traveling time period, the opening/closing control portion  22  performs normal opening/closing operations for maintaining the door-open state only for a preset normal door-open time period. The opening/closing operations of the selected doorway are controlled by the corresponding one of the individual control devices  16  based on opening/closing commands from the group supervision/control device  15 . 
     The control system body  14  is constituted by a computer having a central processing unit (CPU), a storage portion (ROM, RAM, and the like), and signal input/output portions. The functions of the landing call automatic registration portion  17 , the in-car call automatic registration portion  18 , the response selection portion  19 , the database  20 , the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21 , and the opening/closing control portion  22  are realized by the computer constituting the control system body  14 . 
     That is, programs for realizing the functions of the landing call automatic registration portion  17 , the in-car call automatic registration portion  18 , the response selection portion  19 , the database  20 , the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21 , and the opening/closing control portion  22  are stored in the storage portion of the computer. Information on passenger traveling time periods, information on normal door-open time periods, and the like are also stored in the storage portion. The central processing unit performs calculation processings regarding the functions of the control system body  14  based on the programs stored in the storage portion. 
     Next, an operation thereof will be described.  FIG. 3  is a flowchart for explaining processing operations of the control system body  14  of  FIG. 2 . As shown in  FIG. 3 , when the landing call registration device  10  is operated (S 1 ), the landing call automatic registration portion  17  makes a car call registration for setting as a car call floor that one of the landing floors  4  where the landing call registration device  10  is installed (S 2 ). 
     After that, the response selection portion  19  performs calculation of evaluation values of the elevator apparatuses  1  to  3  based on operational information on the elevator apparatuses  1  to  3 , information on a car call floor registered by the landing call automatic registration portion  17 , and information on a destination floor registered by the in-car call automatic registration portion  18 . As a result, that one of the elevator apparatuses  1  to  3  which responds to the car call registration made by the landing call automatic registration portion  17  is selected as the selected elevator (S 3 ). After that, the indicator  12  of the landing call registration device  10  indicates the selected elevator based on information from the response selection portion  19  (S 4 ). 
     After that, the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  calculates a time period required for the traveling of a passenger from the landing call registration device  10  to a selected doorway (the elevator doorway  6  of the selected elevator). The passenger traveling time period is calculated by reading that one of the passenger traveling time periods stored in the database  20  in advance so as to correspond to the respective elevator doorways  6  which corresponds to the selected doorway (S 5 ). 
     After that, the control system body  14  determines, based on the operational information on the selected elevator, whether or not the car  5  of the selected elevator has arrived at the car call floor (S 6 ). When it is determined that the car  5  has not arrived at the car call floor, it is determined whether or not the car  5  has arrived at the car call floor, until the car  5  arrives at the car call floor. 
     After that, when it is determined that the car  5  of the selected elevator has arrived at the car call floor, the opening/closing control portion  22  performs control to perform the door-opening operation of the selected doorway (S 7 ). After the door-opening operation of the selected doorway is completed, it is determined whether or not the passenger traveling time period calculated by the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  has elapsed after the making of the car call registration by the landing call automatic registration portion  17  (S 8 ). 
     When it is determined that the passenger traveling time period has not elapsed, the opening/closing control portion  22  performs control to hold the selected doorway in the door-open state until the passenger traveling time period elapses (S 9 ). 
     When it is determined that the passenger traveling time period has elapsed, the opening/closing control portion  22  performs control to perform a door-closing operation after the lapse of a normal door-open time period, thereby terminating the processing (S 10 ). 
     The control system for the elevators configured as described above has the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  for calculating the time period required for the traveling of a passenger from the landing call registration device  10  to the selected doorway, and the opening/closing control portion  22  for controlling the opening/closing operations of the selected doorway based on information from the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21 . Therefore, even in the case where a long time period is required for the traveling of the passenger because of a long distance from the landing call registration device  10  to the elevator doorway  6 , the door-closing operation of the elevator doorway  6  can be prevented from being performed before the passenger arrives at the elevator doorway  6 , so the passenger can be prevented from missing the corresponding one of the cars  5 . A selected elevator is selected from all the elevator apparatuses  1  to  3 , and none of those elevator apparatuses  1  to  3  is excluded from the elevators to be selected. Therefore, the selected elevator can be selected efficiently, so the time period required until each of the cars  5  arrives at the car call floor after the operation of the landing call registration device  10  can be shortened. Accordingly, the waiting time periods of passengers can be shortened. 
     When the door-opening operation of the selected doorway is completed before the passenger traveling time period elapses after the operation of the landing call registration device  10 , the opening/closing control portion  22  holds the selected doorway in the door-open state until the passenger traveling time period elapses. Therefore, passengers can be prevented more reliably from missing the cars  5 . 
     In the foregoing example, one passenger traveling time period is stored in the database  20  for each of the elevator doorways  6 . However, a passenger traveling time period for able-bodied persons and a passenger traveling time period for disabled persons may be stored separately for each of the elevator doorways  6 . In this case, the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  calculates a passenger traveling time period by reading the passenger traveling time period for the able-bodied persons from the database  20  when a car call registration is made through the operation of the general-purpose selector, and by reading the passenger traveling time period for the disabled persons from the database  20  when a car call registration is made through the operation of the disabled-accessible selector. In this manner, even disabled passengers can be prevented from missing the cars  5 . 
     Embodiment 2 
     In the foregoing example, the door-opening operation of the selected doorway is started immediately after the arrival of the car  5  at the car call floor. However, it is also appropriate to hold the selected doorway in the door-closed state until the passenger traveling time period elapses and perform the door-opening operation of the selected doorway after the passenger traveling time period has elapsed, instead of performing the door-opening operation of the selected doorway immediately after the stoppage of the car  5  at the car call floor. 
       FIG. 4  is a flowchart for explaining the processing operations of a control system for elevators according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. As shown in  FIG. 4 , the same processing operations as in Embodiment 1 of the present invention are performed until it is determined whether or not the car  5  of the selected elevator has arrived at the car call floor (S 6 ). 
     When the control system body  14  determines that the car  5  has not arrived at the car call floor, it is determined whether or not the car  5  has arrived at the car call floor, until the car  5  arrives at the car call floor. 
     After that, when it is determined that the car  5  of the selected elevator has arrived at the car call floor, the control system body  14  determines whether or not the passenger traveling time period has elapsed after the making of the car call registration by the landing call automatic registration portion  17  (S 11 ). 
     When it is determined that the passenger traveling time period has not elapsed, the opening/closing control portion  22  performs control to hold the selected doorway in the door-closed state (S 12 ). After that, the control system body  14  determines again whether or not the passenger traveling time period has elapsed (S 11 ). When it is determined that the passenger traveling time period has not elapsed, the foregoing operations are repeated. Thus, the selected doorway is held in the door-closed state until the passenger traveling time period elapses. 
     When it is determined that the passenger traveling time period has elapsed, the opening/closing control portion  22  performs control to perform the door-opening operation of the selected doorway (S 13 ). After the door-opening operation is completed, the door-closing operation is performed to terminate the processing upon the lapse of the normal door-open time period (S 14 ). Embodiment 2 of the present invention is identical to Embodiment 1 of the present invention in other configurational details and other operational details. 
     In the control system for the elevators configured as described above, when the car  5  arrives at the car call floor before the passenger traveling time period elapses after the making of the car call registration by the landing call automatic registration portion  17 , the opening/closing control portion  22  performs control to hold the selected doorway in the door-closed state until the passenger traveling time period elapses. Therefore, a user other than the passenger who has operated the landing call registration device  10  can be prevented from getting on the car  5  of the selected elevator by mistake. 
     In the foregoing example, the selected doorway is held in the door-closed state until the passenger traveling time period elapses. However, the door-opening operation should not necessarily be started upon the lapse of the passenger traveling time period. Instead, the selected doorway may be held in the door-closed state until an operation starting time instant set on the basis of the lapse of the passenger traveling time period. For instance, if the operation starting time instant is set upon the lapse of a time period shorter than the passenger traveling time period by a predetermined time period, the door-opening operation of the selected doorway can be performed immediately before the passenger arrives at the selected doorway, so the passenger is allowed to get on the car  5  of the selected elevator smoothly. Thus, the user-friendliness of the elevator apparatuses  1  to  3  can be enhanced. 
     Embodiment 3 
       FIG. 5  is a functional block diagram showing a control system for elevators according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Referring to  FIG. 5 , information from the in-car call automatic registration portion  18  is transmitted to the opening/closing control portion  22  as well as the response selection portion  19 . The opening/closing control portion  22  controls the opening/closing operations of a selected doorway based on information from a selected elevator, information from the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21 , and information from the in-car call automatic registration portion  18 . 
     That is, when there is a car call registration made by the in-car call automatic registration portion  18 , the opening/closing control portion  22  performs normal opening/closing operations of the selected doorway which are irrelevant to the passenger traveling time period. When there is no car call registration made by the in-car call automatic registration portion  18  and the car  5  stops at a car call floor before the passenger traveling time period elapses after the making of a car call registration by the landing call automatic registration portion  17 , the opening/closing control portion  22  performs the opening/closing operations based on the passenger traveling time period. 
     The opening/closing operations based on the passenger traveling time period are the same as in the foregoing Embodiment 2 of the present invention. That is, the selected doorway is held in the door-closed state until the operation starting time instant set on the basis of the lapse of the passenger traveling time period, and the door-opening operation of the selected doorway is started after the operation starting time instant. Embodiment 3 of the present invention is identical to Embodiment 2 of the present invention in other configurational details. 
       FIG. 6  is a flowchart for explaining the processing operations of the control system for the elevators shown in  FIG. 5 . As shown in  FIG. 6 , the same operations (S 1  to S 5 ) as in Embodiment 2 of the present invention are performed until the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  calculates a passenger traveling time period after the start of the processing operations. 
     After the passenger traveling time period is calculated, the control system body  14  determines whether or not deceleration of the car  5  for stopping the car  5  at a car call floor has been started (stoppage of the car  5  at the car call floor has been determined) (S 21 ). When it is determined that deceleration of the car  5  has not been started, it is repeatedly determined whether or not deceleration of the car  5  has been started, until deceleration of the car  5  is started. 
     When it is determined that deceleration of the car  5  has been started, the control system body  14  determines whether or not a car call registration has been made by the in-car call automatic registration portion  18  (S 22 ). When it is determined that the car call registration has been made by the in-car call automatic registration portion  18 , the opening/closing control portion  22  performs control to cause a selected doorway to perform normal opening/closing operations (S 13 , S 14 ), thereby terminating the processing. 
     When it is determined that no car call registration has been made by the in-car call automatic registration portion  18 , the opening/closing control portion  22  assumes that there is no passenger in the car  5  of the selected elevator. After that, the control system body  14  determines, based on operational information on the selected elevator, whether or not the car  5  of the selected elevator has arrived at the car call floor (S 6 ). The subsequent operations are the same as in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. 
     As described above, when there is no car call registration made by the in-car call automatic registration portion  18  and the car  5  stops at the car call floor before the passenger traveling time period elapses after the operation of the landing call registration device  10 , the opening/closing control portion  22  holds the selected doorway in the door-closed state until the operation starting time instant set on the basis of the lapse of the passenger traveling time period, and starts the door-opening operation of the selected doorway after the operation starting time instant. Therefore, the start of the door-opening operation of the selected doorway can be retarded only when there is no passenger in the car  5  of the selected elevator. Accordingly, the door-opening operation of the selected doorway can be prevented from being retarded when there is a passenger in the car  5  of the selected elevator, so the operating efficiency of the elevators can be enhanced. 
     In the foregoing example, the opening/closing operations based on the passenger traveling time period are the same as in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. However, the same opening/closing operations as in Embodiment 1 of the present invention may be performed to hold the selected doorway in the door-open state until the passenger traveling time period elapses. 
     Embodiment 4 
     In each of the foregoing examples, the passenger traveling time period corresponding to each of the elevator doorways  6  does not differ depending on the degree of crowdedness of a car call floor. However, the passenger traveling time period may differ depending on the degree of crowdedness of the car call floor. 
     That is, time zone information including information on a peak time zone in which the respective landing floors  4  are crowded with passengers and information on an off-peak time zone in which the landing floors  4  are uncrowded, and passenger traveling time period information including information on passenger traveling time periods corresponding to the peak time zone and information on passenger traveling time periods corresponding to the off-peak time zone are stored in the database  20 . The passenger traveling time periods included in the passenger traveling time period information are so set as to correspond to each of the elevator doorways  6 . 
     The passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  selects either the passenger traveling time periods in the peak time zone or the passenger traveling time periods in the off-peak time zone based on information at the time of the making of a car call registration by the landing call automatic registration portion  17 , and reads that one of the selected passenger traveling time periods which corresponds to a selected elevator. In this manner, the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  calculates the passenger traveling time period corresponding to the selected elevator. Embodiment 4 of the present invention is identical to Embodiment 1 of the present invention in other configurational details. 
     Next, an operation thereof will be described. Processing operations in Embodiment 4 of the present invention are the same as in Embodiment 1 of the present invention except the processing operations in calculating the passenger traveling time period. Therefore, only the processing operations in calculating the passenger traveling time period will be described. 
       FIG. 7  is a flowchart for explaining the processing operations in calculating the passenger traveling time period in a control system for elevators according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. As shown in  FIG. 7 , after detecting a time instant when the landing call automatic registration portion  17  makes a car call registration (S 31 ), the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  reads the time zone information from the database (S 32 ). 
     After that, the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  compares the detected time instant with the time zone information. Thus, the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  determines whether or not the time instant when the landing call automatic registration portion  17  makes the car call registration is within the peak time zone (S 33 ). 
     When it is determined that the time instant when the car call registration is made is within the peak time zone, the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  reads from the database  20  that one of the passenger traveling time periods which corresponds to the peak time zone and a selected elevator (S 34 ). In this manner, the passenger traveling time period corresponding to a selected doorway is calculated. 
     When it is determined that the time instant when the car call registration is made is not within the peak time zone, the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  reads from the database  20  that one of the passenger traveling time periods which corresponds to the off-peak time zone and the selected elevator (S 35 ). In this manner, the passenger traveling time period corresponding to the selected doorway is calculated. The subsequent operations are the same as in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 
     In the control system for the elevators configured as described above, the passenger traveling time periods in the peak time zone and the off-peak time zone are set in the database  20  in advance, and it is determined to which one of the time zones the time instant when the landing call automatic registration portion  17  makes the car call registration belongs, so the passenger traveling time period corresponding to the degree of crowdedness of the car call floor with passengers is calculated. Therefore, the passenger traveling time period at the car call floor can be calculated more reliably with a simple configuration, so the passengers can further be prevented from missing the respective cars  5 . 
     Embodiment 5 
     In the foregoing example, a determination on the degree of crowdedness at the car call floor is made according to each of the time zones. However, the determination on the degree of crowdedness at the car call floor may be made according to the number of car call registrations made by the landing call automatic registration portion  17 . 
     That is, in Embodiment 5 of the present invention, the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  detects the number of car call registrations made by the landing call automatic registration portion  17  per unit time (e.g., per minute), and determines, based on the detected number of the car call registrations, whether or not the car call floor is crowded. That is, when the number of the car call registrations made by the landing call automatic registration portion  17  per unit time is larger than a preset reference number, the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  determines that the car call floor is crowded. When the number of the car call registrations is equal to or smaller than the reference number, the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  determines that the car call floor is uncrowded. 
     Passenger traveling time periods in a crowded state and passenger traveling time periods in an uncrowded state are so stored in the database  20  in advance as to correspond to the respective elevator doorways  6 . The passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  selects, based on a result of the determination made on the crowdedness of the car call floor, either the passenger traveling time periods in the crowded state or the passenger traveling time periods in the uncrowded state, and reads that one of the selected passenger traveling time periods which corresponds to a selected elevator. In this manner, the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  calculates the passenger traveling time period corresponding to the selected elevator. Embodiment 5 of the present invention is identical to Embodiment 1 of the present invention in other configurational details. 
     Next, an operation thereof will be described. Processing operations in Embodiment 5 of the present invention are the same as in Embodiment 1 of the present invention except the processing operations in calculating the passenger traveling time period. Therefore, only the processing operations in calculating the passenger traveling time period will be described. 
       FIG. 8  is a flowchart for explaining the processing operations in calculating the passenger traveling time period in a control system for elevators according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. As shown in  FIG. 8 , in calculating the passenger traveling time period, the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  detects the number of car call registrations made by the landing call automatic registration portion  17  per unit time (S 41 ). After that, the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  determines whether or not the detected number of the car call registrations is larger than a reference number (S 42 ). 
     When the number of the car call registrations is larger than the reference number, the car call floor is considered to be crowded, so the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  reads the passenger traveling time periods in the crowded state from the database  20  (S 43 ). 
     When the number of the car call registrations is equal to or smaller than the reference number, the car call floor is considered to be uncrowded, so the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  reads the passenger traveling time periods in the uncrowded state from the database  20  (S 44 ). 
     In this manner, after the passenger traveling time period corresponding to the selected doorway has been calculated, the processing operations are performed in the same manner as in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 
     As described above, the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  determines, based on the number of the car call registrations made by the landing call automatic registration portion  17 , whether or not the car call floor is crowded, and calculates the passenger traveling time period based on the result of the determination. Therefore, even in the case where the number of passengers increases temporarily, for example, when a group of visitors use the elevators, the passenger traveling time period at the car call floor can be calculated more reliably with a simple configuration, so the passengers can further be prevented from missing the respective cars  5 . 
     Embodiment 6 
       FIG. 9  is a schematic diagram showing a control system for elevators according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.  FIG. 10  is a functional block diagram showing the control system for the elevators shown in  FIG. 9 . Referring to  FIGS. 9 and 10 , an authentication device  31 , which can acquire personal information on passengers stored in, for example, contact-type magnetic cards, non-contact-type IC cards, non-contact tag components or the like so as to authenticate individuals based on the acquired personal information, is installed at each of the landing floors  4  as a landing call registration device. 
     The hall doorway of the elevator hall  7  is provided with a security gate for allowing a passenger to enter the elevator hall  7  only when the personal information on the passenger is authenticated by the authentication device  31 . The hall doorway may be provided with a door that is usually locked but temporarily unlocked through an authentication made by the authentication device  31 . Alternatively, the hall doorway may be provided with a door that automatically opens the hall doorway only when an authentication is made by the authentication device  31 . 
     The control system body  14  further has an authentication information reading device  32  for analyzing personal information acquired by the authentication device  31 . The personal information contains detailed information on, for example, passenger traveling time periods corresponding to the respective elevator doorways  6 , target floors, car call floors, and the like. The authentication information reading device  32  analyzes the personal information to detect the above-mentioned detailed information. 
     Information from the authentication information reading device  32  is transmitted to the landing call automatic registration portion  17 . The landing call automatic registration portion  17  makes a car call registration only when a passenger is authenticated by the authentication device  31 . 
     The passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  calculates a passenger traveling time period corresponding to the personal information authenticated by the authentication device  31 , based on the information from the authentication information reading device  32 . That is, the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  reads the information on the passenger traveling time periods from the detailed information analyzed by the authentication information reading device  32 , thereby calculating a passenger traveling time period corresponding to the personal information. Embodiment 6 of the present invention is identical to Embodiment 1 of the present invention in other configurational details. 
     In the control system for the elevators configured as described above, the landing call automatic registration portion  17  makes a car call registration only when a passenger is authenticated by the authentication device  31 . Therefore, a car call registration can be prevented from being made by an outsider, so an improvement in security effect can be achieved. 
     The passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  calculates the passenger traveling time period corresponding to the personal information authenticated by the authentication device  31 , so the passenger traveling time period can be set elaborately for each of the passengers. As a result, the passengers can be prevented more reliably from missing the respective cars  5 . 
     In the foregoing example, the information on the passenger traveling time periods is included in the personal information. However, information such as gender, age, and the like may be included in the personal information, and information on passenger traveling time periods corresponding to gender, age, and the like may be stored in the database  20 . In this case, the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21  reads from the database  20  that one of the passenger traveling time periods which corresponds to the personal information authenticated by the authentication device  31 . 
     In each of the foregoing embodiments of the present invention, the present invention is applied to the control system for the elevators which controls the plurality of the elevator apparatuses  1  to  3  comprehensively. However, the present invention may be applied to a control system for an elevator which controls a single elevator apparatus. In this case, the control system body  14  does not have the group supervision/control device  15 . The control system body  14  is not required to select a selected elevator, so information from the landing call automatic registration portion  17  is directly input to the passenger traveling time period calculation portion  21 . 
     In the control system for the elevator which controls the single elevator apparatus as described above, even when the door-opening operation of each of the elevator doorways  6  is completed before a passenger traveling time period elapses after the making of a car call registration by the landing call automatic registration portion  17 , each of the elevator doorways  6  is held in the door-open state until the passenger traveling time period elapses. Therefore, the door-closing operation of each of the elevator doorways  6  can be prevented from being performed before a passenger arrives at the elevator doorway  6 , so the passenger can be prevented from missing the car  5 .