Patent Publication Number: US-7909080-B2

Title: Fixing apparatus and method for attaching an annular transponder unit to tire

Description:
RELATED APPLICATION 
     This patent application is a continuation of and claims priority to U.S. Ser. No. 10/918,682, filed Aug. 13, 2004, now abandoned entitled “Fixing Apparatus and Method for Attaching an Annular Transponder Unit to Tire”. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention relates generally to an apparatus and method of incorporating a communicating transponder in a tire and, more specifically, to an automated apparatus and method for fixing a transponder in place against an annular tire surface while an annular antenna connected to the transponder is attached to the annular tire surface section by section. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     It is common to employ annular apparatus, including an antenna, for electronically transmitting tire or wheel identification or other data at radio frequency. The apparatus includes a radio-frequency tag, or transponder, comprising an integrated circuit chip having data capacity at least sufficient to retain identification information for the tire or wheel. Other data, such as the inflation pressure of the tire or the temperature of the tire or wheel at the transponder location, can be transmitted by the transponder along with the identification data. 
     The annular antenna is tire-mounted and transmits, at radio frequencies, data from the transponder to a reader mounted on the wheel assembly. The antenna and transponder may be incorporated into a tire during “pre-cure” manufacture of the tire. The integrity of the connection between the tire and antenna is greatly enhanced by a pre-cure assembly procedure. In practice, however, it is very difficult to do this. Both radial ply and bias ply tires undergo a substantial diametric enlargement during the course of manufacture. Bias ply tires are expanded diametrically when inserted into a curing press, which typically has a bladder that forces the green tire into the toroidal shape of the mold enclosing it. Radial ply tires undergo diametric expansion during the tire building or shaping process and a further diametric expansion during the course of curing. An annular antenna and the electronic tag associated therewith built into the tire in a pre-cure process, therefore, must endure significant strain that can result in component failure. The electronic tag and the connection between the tag and the antenna, in particular, is vulnerable to damage from the forces imposed from pre-cure assembly to tire. 
     To avoid damaging the electronic tag or the connection between the tag and the annular antenna during the curing procedure, an alternative approach is to assemble the tag and antenna into a separate annular unit for post-cure attachment to the tire. An automated apparatus and method for attaching an annular transponder unit to an annular tire surface is proposed that utilizes end-of-arm tooling to progressively attach the annular unit to the tire section by section. To install the annular antenna ring, the transponder housing is held by an external robotic arm and brought into contact with a small patch of adhesive previously applied to the tire. The robotic arm releases the transponder housing and a relative rotation between the tire and the robotic end-of-arm tooling is established, either through rotation of the tire or the tooling or both. The annular antenna is guided section by section through the tooling and applied by adhesive to the tire surface. 
     While working well, it is important that the annular ring not move radially relative to the tire as the annular unit is attached. Such movement can cause the annular ring to become dislocated due to the friction between the annular antenna ring and the end-of-arm tooling guide mechanism. Dislocation of the annular transponder unit from its intended position on the target annular tire surface can cause a malfunction or degradation in tire monitoring system performance or necessitate repeating the procedure for attaching the annular transponder unit to the tire. 
     Accordingly, there is a need for an apparatus and method of fixing an annular transponder unit against an annular tire surface while relative rotation between the tire and application tooling is established. Such an apparatus should fix a designated portion of the annular unit against the tire in a manner that does not interfere with a section by section attachment of the annular transponder unit to the tire by end-of-arm robotic tooling. Such a procedure should further ensure the functional safety of the electronics and maintain a secure electrical connection between the antenna and tag electronics. It is further desirable that any such apparatus and method for fixing an annular transponder unit to a tire during an attachment sequence have minimal labor content in order to reduce human error and the cost of manufacture. Finally, such a procedure ideally should synchronize seamlessly with end of arm application tooling in a manner that minimizes cycle time. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Apparatus and method for use thereof attaches an annular transponder unit to an annular tire surface, the transponder unit being of a type having a sensor housing coupled to an annular antenna. In one aspect of the invention, the apparatus includes a rotary turntable for supportably rotating a tire having an annular tire surface in an accessible disposition and an arm proximately disposed to the turntable and having end-of-arm tooling for attaching the transponder unit section by section to the annular tire surface as the tire is rotated. The tooling includes a gripping mechanism engaging the sensor housing and placing the sensor housing at a preselected location on the annular tire surface and a guide mechanism engaging the annular antenna and positioning the annular antenna section by section along the annular tire surface as the tire is rotated. An adhesive material applicator nozzle may be disposed between the guide mechanism and the gripping means for application of the adhesive material between the annular antenna and the annular tire surface as the tire is rotated. In another aspect of the invention, a pre-staging station supporting the transponder unit may further be utilized, the arm moving between the pre-staging station and the turntable and the gripping mechanism engaging the sensor housing at the pre-staging station to transport the transponder unit from the pre-staging station to the turntable. 
     Pursuant to a further aspect of the invention, a method for attaching the annular transponder unit to the annular tire surface is disclosed and includes the steps:
         a. mounting a tire on a support table, the tire having an annular tire surface accessibly disposed;   b. positioning an arm proximate to the support table, the arm having tooling means at a remote end;   c. supporting a section of the transponder unit against the annular tire surface by the arm tooling means;   d. establishing relative rotation between the arm tooling means and the tire between an initial relative position and a terminal relative position; and   e. progressively attaching the transponder antenna section by section to the annular tire surface as the tire and arm tooling means relatively rotate.       

     An additional aspect of the invention method is to establish relative rotation between the arm tooling means and the tire by rotation of the table supporting the tire. A still further aspect of the method includes the steps of gripping the sensor housing by gripping means disposed at the remote end of the arm; holding the sensor housing against an indexed location on the annular tire surface; guiding the annular antenna against the annular tire surface section by section by guide means apparatus disposed at the remote end of the arm; and progressively applying an adhesive material section by section between the annular antenna and the annular tire surface as the tire rotates. A tire made in conformance with the method is a further aspect of the invention. 
     The invention thus provides for an efficient, reliable, automated, and cost effective apparatus and method for attaching an annular transponder unit to a tire and satisfies the needs of the industry for such a system. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The invention will be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a bottom view of end-of-arm tooling assembly configured pursuant to the invention. 
         FIG. 2  is a partially exploded top perspective view thereof. 
         FIG. 3  is a side elevation view of the guide mechanism assembly; 
         FIG. 4  is a transverse section view through the guide mechanism assembly of  FIG. 3  taken along the line  4 - 4 . 
         FIG. 5  is an exploded perspective view of the guide mechanism assembly. 
         FIG. 6  is a bottom perspective view of the gripper mechanism assembly. 
         FIG. 7  is a left front perspective view of the adhesive applicator mechanism assembly. 
         FIG. 8  is a perspective view of an annular transponder unit assembly station configured pursuant to the invention at a picking stage of the procedure. 
         FIG. 9  is an enlarged perspective view of the end-of-arm tooling at the picking stage of the procedure, taken along the line  9 - 9  of  FIG. 8 . 
         FIG. 10  is a perspective view of the annular transponder unit assembly station at an application stage of the procedure. 
         FIG. 11  is an enlarged perspective view of the end-of-arm tooling at the application stage of the procedure illustrating the portion designated as “FIG.  11 ” in  FIG. 10 . 
         FIG. 12  is an enlarged perspective view of the end-of-arm tooling at the beginning point in the application stage. 
         FIG. 13  is a perspective view of a tire shown partially in section into which an annular transponder unit has been incorporated pursuant to the invention. 
         FIG. 14  is a top perspective view of a tire centering and clamp down device. 
         FIG. 15  is a detailed view of the transponder clamp down mechanism of  FIG. 14 . 
         FIG. 16  is a top perspective view of the clamp down mechanism shown with the clamping fingers in the open position. 
         FIG. 17  is a top perspective view of the clamp down mechanism showing the horizontal actuator moved in to position the yoke mechanism. 
         FIG. 18  is a top perspective view of the angled actuator moved in to position the yoke into a straddling relationship to the transponder. 
         FIG. 19  is an enlarged top perspective view of the clamping mechanism showing the yoke in a straddling relationship to the transponder. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     As used herein, a “transponder” is any electronic apparatus (device) capable of monitoring a condition such as air pressure within a pneumatic tire, and then transmitting that information to an external device. The external device can be either an RF (radio frequency) reader/interrogator or, simply an RF receiver. A simple receiver can be used when the transponder is “active”, and has its own power source. A reader/interrogator would be used when the transponder is “passive” and is powered by an RF signal from the reader/interrogator. In either case, in conjunction with the external device, the transponder forms a component of an overall tire-condition monitoring/warning system. A “sensor” as used herein is a transponder that senses a tire condition and transmits a reading based thereon. In conventional systems, an antenna is coupled to one or more sensors forming a transponder unit. The antenna may be of various configurations, one of which being an annular body or loop. Together, the antenna and sensor thus comprises an annular transponder unit. For the purpose of the subject disclosure and the invention, the annular transponder unit is not sensor or transponder specific. That is, a wide range of commonly available transponders, sensors, and associated electronics may be packaged and utilized in the practice of the subject invention. 
     As discussed above, in order to send or receive RF signals, a transponder must have an antenna. The antenna is optimally annular in configuration in the subject invention and is preferably incorporated into the tire by way of a post manufacture procedure. As used herein, an “annular antenna” may be circular, oblong, symmetrical, or asymmetrical without departing from the subject inventive principles. However, the preferred configuration of the antenna is circular and sized to overlap the tire sidewall region to which it attaches. The antenna may comprise a single wire or a plurality of strands. Various commercially available transponders, sensors, and other electrical devices deployed in combination with an annular antenna formed from conventional conductive materials are suitable for use in conformance with the principles of the subject invention. 
     Acceptable materials for the antenna wire include steel, aluminum, copper or other electrically conducting wire. As disclosed in this patent document, the wire diameter is not generally considered critical for operation as an antenna for a transponder. For durability, stranded steel wire consisting of multiple strands of fine wire is preferred. Other wire options available include ribbon cable, flexible circuits, conductive film, conductive rubber, etc. 
     Referring initially to  FIG. 13  an annular transponder unit  132  is shown deployed within a tire  134 . The tire  134  is formed from conventional materials such as rubber or rubber composites by conventional means and may comprise a radial ply or bias ply configuration. A typical tire  134  is configured having a tread  136 , a shoulder  138 , an annular sidewall  140 , and a terminal bead  142 . An inner liner  144  is formed and defines a tire cavity  146 . The tire  134  is intended for mounted location upon an annular rim having a peripheral rim flange  150  extending to an outer rim flange surface  152 . The rim is conventionally configured and composed of a suitably strong metal such as steel. 
     An annular antenna  154  is provided and may, but need not necessarily, embody a sinusoidal configuration. Antenna  154  may be alternatively configured into alternative patterns or comprise a straight wire(s) if desired and may be filament wire, or cord or stranded wire. Acceptable materials for the wire include steel, aluminum, copper or other electrically conducting wire. As mentioned previously, the wire diameter is not generally considered critical for operation as an antenna and multiple strands of fine wire is preferred. The curvilinear form of antenna  154  provides flexibility and minimizes the risk of breakage during manufacture and use explained below. 
     With continued reference to  FIG. 13 , a sensor housing  156  of preferably quadrilateral geometry is included in the transponder unit  132  and houses one or more sensors for sensing tire parameters such as pressure and temperature. Included as part of the apparatus  132  is a carrier strip of material  158  formed into the annular configuration shown. Carrier strip  158  is formed of electrically insulating, preferably semi-rigid elastomeric material common to industry such as rubber or plastic. The strip  158  is formed to substantially encapsulate at least a portion of the antenna wire(s)  154  and at least a portion of the sensor housing  156  to create a unitary annular assembly. In the post manufacturing state, therefore, the transponder unit  132  comprises antenna  154 , sensor housing  156 , and carrier strip  158 , in a unitary, generally circular, semi-rigid assembly that is readily transportable and handled for attachment to tire  134 . The diameter of the annular transponder unit  132  is a function of the size of the tire  134  to which it attaches as will be appreciated from the following. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 1 and 2 , tooling  10  is disclosed for the attachment of an annular transponder unit to an annular tire inner surface. The tooling  10  generally comprises a gripper mechanism  12 , an adhesive application mechanism  14 , and a guide mechanism  16 . While the mechanisms  12 ,  14 , and  16  are arranged to function cooperatively in the attachment of an annular unit section by section to a tire, the principles of the invention will find utility in sundry other applications apparent to those skilled in the art where the objective consists of attachment of an annular apparatus to an annular surface. 
     With reference to  FIGS. 3 ,  4 , and  5 , the guide mechanism  16  includes a pair of L-shaped guide fingers  18 ,  20  that pivot relative to one another between an open and a closed relationship. The fingers  18 ,  20  further may be raised and lowered between an operational elevation and a stand-by elevation as will be appreciated. The mechanism  16  includes a vertical lift cylinder  22  and a pivot cylinder  24  of a type commercially available for moving the fingers  18 ,  20  reciprocally along vertical and pivot paths, respectively. A pair of gears  26 ,  27  are disposed in adjacent relationship and operate to initiate and control pivotal movement of fingers  18 ,  20 . 
     A pair of control valves  28 ,  30  control operation of the cylinder  22  and regulate the speed to which cylinder  22  effects vertical movement of the fingers  18 ,  20 . A pair of control valves  32 A and  32 B similarly are mounted to the cylinder  24  and operate to regulate the speed at which fingers  18 ,  20  pivot relative to one another. A rack  34  is coupled to the cylinder  24  and moves reciprocally along a linear path to engage gears  26 ,  27  and thereby effectuate and control pivotal movement thereof. A proximity switch  36  mounts to the cylinder  24  and indicates linear position of the cylinder  24  when an end-of-stroke condition is reached. Switch  38  likewise controls operation of cylinder  22  and indicates vertical position of the assembly at the operative and stand-by elevations as will be appreciated. 
     With continued reference to  FIGS. 3 ,  4 , and  5 , a housing block  40  is provided having a pair of adjacent through bores  41  extending therethrough. Sleeves  42 ,  44  are closely received within the bores  41  and the gears  26 ,  27  fixedly mount to the top of the sleeves  42 ,  44 , respectively. Cylindrical shafts  46 ,  48  extend through the gears  26 ,  27  and sleeves  42 ,  44 , respectively. An arm bracket  50  mounts over the assembly and includes a pair of lateral flanges  51 ,  53  that align with the axial bore extending through the shafts  46 ,  48 . A clevis  52  is disposed at an outward end of the bracket  50 . Each cylindrical shaft  46 ,  48  is provided with an outward projecting key protrusion  54 ,  56  that rides within a key slot  58 ,  60  extending axially along an inward surface of the sleeves  42 ,  44 . As will be appreciated, the shafts  46 ,  48  reciprocally move within the sleeves  42 ,  44  as the key protrusions ride within their respective key slots. 
     A spacer ring  62 ,  64  mounts to the bottom of the block  40  in alignment with the bores  41  and retaining rings  66 ,  68  are mounted from the bottom against a respective spacer ring  62 ,  64 . Finger clamps  70 ,  71  mount from the bottom. Each clamp  70 ,  71  has a through bore dimensioned to closely receive a lower end of a respective shaft  46 ,  48 . As will be noted from  FIG. 3 , the guide fingers  18 ,  20  attach to a respective clamp  70 ,  71 . Thus, the assembly of the guide mechanism  16  secures the guide fingers  18 ,  20  to bottom ends of the shafts  46 ,  48  which then alter the vertical position of the guide fingers along a reciprocal vertical path as the shafts  46 ,  48  move within the sleeves  42 ,  44 . The lift cylinder  22  mounts to the block  40  as shown and includes a cylinder shaft  69  that is coupled to the clevis  52 . Accordingly, extension and retraction of the cylinder pin  69  actuates linear movement of the clevis  52  and thereby moves the shafts  46 ,  48  vertically within the sleeves  42 ,  44  to raise and lower the guide fingers  18 ,  20 . 
     Continuing, the pivot cylinder assembly includes a mounting bracket  72  having a mounting flange  73  projecting outward therefrom. A U-shaped channel  74  extends forward along the bracket  72  and functions to stabilize the rack  34  as rack  34  moves along a linear path away from the bracket  72 . The cylinder  24  includes a cylinder shaft  76  that protrudes through flange  73  and is coupled at a forward end to the rack  34 . Reciprocal movement of shaft  76  effectuates reciprocal linear movement of the rack  34 . As will be appreciated, the rack  34  is aligned to engage the gears  26 ,  27 . Movement of the rack  34  along a linear path thus translates into a rotary movement of the gears  26 ,  27  which, in turn, rotate the sleeves  42 ,  44  and thereby impart rotational movement to the shafts  46 ,  48  within the sleeves  42 ,  44 . Rotational movement of the shafts  46 ,  48  acts to rotate the guide fingers  18 ,  20  between a mutually opposed, closed position that defines a guide channel therebetween, and an open position illustrated in  FIG. 3 . The valves  32 A and  32 B control the operation of cylinder  24  and the extent of linear movement of rack  34  is indicated by operation of the proximity switch  36 . The components described herein are commercially available to the industry. 
     The nut  75  attaches the cylinder  24  to flange  73 . Similarly, nut  78  secures the vertical cylinder  22  to the block  40 . Shoulder screws  80  extend through flanges  51 ,  53  of the arm bracket  50  and into the center bores of shafts  46 ,  48  to secure the arm bracket  50  to the shafts. Consequently, linear movement of the clevis  52  translates into a vertical movement of the shafts  46 ,  48  within the sleeves  42 ,  44 . Additional screws  82  (four being shown) may be used to secure the gears  26 ,  27  to the sleeves  42 ,  44  as described above. 
     With reference to  FIGS. 2 and 6 , the gripper mechanism  12  includes opposed arcuate jaws  84 ,  86  fixedly mounted to an underside of adjacent pivot arms  90 ,  92 , respectively. The pivot arms are U-shaped and are pivotally mounted within gripper block  93  such that the arms  90 , 92  swing from the mutually parallel (“closed”) relationship shown in  FIGS. 2 and 6  outward into divergent (“open”) mutual relationship. In so doing, the jaws  84 ,  86  are carried between the closed position shown in  FIGS. 2 and 6  into an open divergent position for a purpose explained below. 
     An integral arm  94  connects at one end to the body  93  and projects horizontally outward therefrom. Mounting pins  96  and screw  98  extend from the arm  94  to affix the mechanism  12  to the mounting bracket  99  shown in  FIG. 2 . Proximity switches  100 ,  102  are mounted to the body  93  and indicate the opening and closing of jaws  90 ,  92  as explained below. Control valves  104 ,  106  operatively connect to operate an actuation cylinder within the body  93  (not shown) whereby movement of the jaws  84 ,  86  between the open and closed positions is effected. The actuation cylinder, body, and controls described above are commercially available. 
     Proceeding with regard to  FIGS. 2 ,  7 , and  9 , the adhesive applicator mechanism  16  includes a pneumatic caulk gun  108  of a commercially available type. The gun  108  has a nozzle end  110  communicating with a transverse walled channel  112  of generally U-shaped cross-section. The gun  108  is housed between arcuate semi-circular shell housings  114 ,  116 . Spaced apart support rods  118 ,  120  extend forward from the housings  114 ,  116  to bracket  122 . A reflective laser displacement sensor unit  124 , of a type commercially available, is disposed adjacent to the forward end of mechanism  16 . An T-shaped mounting bracket  126  projects outward form the housings  114 ,  116  and includes attachment hardware in the form of screws  128  for attaching the mechanism  16  to the end of a robotic arm. The gun extends outward from a forward end to an outward portion  130 . 
     In  FIGS. 8 ,  9 , and  10 , a depiction of a representative workstation system utilizing the subject end-of-arm tooling is shown. A turntable  160  having a top surface  162  rotates a tire  134  positioned thereon. A prestaging station  164  consists of a free standing stand  166  having an extended horizontal arm  168  configured to receive and suspend a plurality of pre-assembled annular transponder units  132  in side-by-side relationship. The stand  166  generally faces a robotic station comprising a support table  170 . A pivoting robotic arm assembly  172 , of a type commercially available, is pivotally mounted to the table  170  and swings an extending arm  176  between the prestaging station  164  and the tire supporting table  160 . The arm  176  includes a pivotally coupled distal arm end segment  178  terminating at a remote end  180 . The end-of-arm tooling  10  described previously mounts to the arm end  180  by T-bracket  126  as seen from  FIG. 9 . So suspended, the tooling  10  is reciprocally transported by arm segment  178  between the stations  160 ,  164 . 
     The relative disposition of the gripper mechanism  12 , adhesive application system  14 , and the guide mechanism  16  will be appreciated from  FIGS. 11 and 12 . In general, the component systems  12 ,  14 , and  16  are arranged serially and in-line with the gripper mechanism  12  leading, the adhesive application system  14  in the middle, and the guide mechanism  16  trailing. The adhesive nozzle end  130  is connected to an adhesive pumping system that supplies on demand an adhesive of known type such as industrial glue or epoxy. The three basic modules, systems  12 ,  14 , and  16  are fixedly attached to the end-of-arm  180  and will function for tires of varying sizes. While the specific mechanisms  12 ,  14 , and  16  are described above, the invention is not intended to be limited to the apparatus shown and described. Other mechanisms that operate to place and apply an annular apparatus against and annular surface through section-by-section placement is within the contemplation of the invention. 
     The modules  12 ,  14 , and  16  are attached to the arm of a commercially available robot in the embodiment shown. One suitable robot is the ABB model IRB 1400 manufactured and sold by ABB Inc., 501 Mettit 7, Norwalk, Conn. 06851. The robot may be programmed for annular ring diameter, tire annular surface angle, and contact height. The turntable  160  further includes a chuck and a hold-down mechanism (not shown) of a conventional, commercially available configuration to hold the tire  134  in a fixed position on surface  162 . The tire chuck centers and secures the tire to the turntable. 
     In operation, one or more annular transponder units are disposed adjacent to the turntable  160 , preferably but not necessarily on the support stand  164  shown and described above. Multiple annular transponder units may be positioned along arm  168  of the stand and sequentially picked off the arm. The orientation of each annular transponder unit on the arm  168  is such to facilitate access by the end-of-arm tooling  10  to the sensor housing  156  of the next available annular transponder unit. 
     The robot arm  178  extends into contact with the interior of the tire  134  and applies a small patch of adhesive through the nozzle  110 , creating an indexed location for subsequent positioning of an annular transponder unit. The adhesive patch is placed preferably but not necessarily at the radial location of the hold down mechanism of the tire chuck. The robot arm  178  then comes out of the tire and moves to the pre-staging fixture  164 . The end-of-arm tooling moves over the transponder unit and the gripper mechanism arms  90 ,  92  pivoted into an open position. The jaws  84 , 86  grips the sensor housing  156  as the arms pivot into a closed position, while the guide fingers  18 ,  20  of the guide mechanism  16  close around the flexible antenna section adjacent the housing  156 . The two wire fingers  18 ,  20  thus create a channel therebetween that loosely engages the antenna strip  158 . With the gripper mechanism  12  and guide mechanism  16  engaged at their respective portions of the transponder unit, the section of antenna  154  that is between the guide mechanism and the gripper mechanism is held in the center of the nozzle channel  112 . 
     The robot arm  172  then takes the transponder unit from the pre-staging fixture  164  and places it in the interior of the tire  134  on turntable surface  162 . The base of the sensor housing  156  is pressed into the previously applied adhesive patch in the tire, radially in line with the hold-down mechanism of the tire chuck. The gripper mechanism  12  is then opened, the jaws  84 ,  86  pivoting outward. The hold-down mechanism  192  enters the interior of the tire and contacts the top surface of the sensor housing  156 . 
     Thereafter the turntable  162  is rotated as adhesive is pumped through the nozzle  110 , surrounding and adhering the transponder antenna to the tire interior annular surface. As the turntable rotates, the incoming antenna section is guided into the nozzle channel  112  as it is pulled through the guide fingers  18 ,  20 . The guide fingers  18 ,  20  keep the antenna at a proper height relative to the tire surface to insure proper adhesion. The hold-down mechanism keeps the transponder sensor housing  156  relatively fixed to the tire as it rotates. This prevents the drag of the antenna through the nozzle  110  and guide fingers from dislodging the transponder sensor housing from its original position in the tire. 
     One representative mechanism by which the tire is held in position upon the turntable and the transponder is held as the tire rotates and the antenna is affixed to the tire is shown in  FIGS. 14-19 . In general, the mechanism is provided to temporarily hold one section of a ring component in place (preferably but not necessarily the transponder package), on the inside surface of the tire, while the tire is rotated in order to complete the installation of the ring component. During the installation of the flexible ring component, the tire is placed on the horizontal rotary turntable. As part of the larger operation previously described, the flexible ring component is installed on the lower inside surface of the tire and adhesive is applied to the entire circumference of the ring, causing the ring to be bonded to the tire. In its final position the ring is in a circular shape and is co-axial with the center of rotation of the tire. The ring is located preferably but not necessarily about 10 millimeters from the toe of the bead section of the tire. 
     As described previously, to install the ring, the transponder housing of the ring is held by the robotic arm and brought into contact with a small patch of adhesive previously applied to the tire. The robotic arm then releases the transponder and a fixing mechanism moves into position and comes into contact with the flexible portion of the ring component that is pulled section by section through a guide. As the flexible portion of the ring passes through the guide adhesive is continuously injected on and around the ring, securing it to the tire. The fixing mechanism makes lateral contact with the tag portion of the ring so that the ring can not move radially relative to the tire. This prevents the ring from being dislocated due to the friction of the flexible portion of the ring passing through the guide. 
     The turntable centering mechanism incorporates a plurality of centering fixtures  182 A, B, C, D, each comprising an elongate finger  186  A,B,C,D, respectively, each finger having an end cap portion  184  A,B,C,D, respectively. A vertical positive stop  190  extends from each finger  186  and serves to keep each finger at a preset distance from the turntable upper surface  162 . The fingers  186  are arranged in a circular pattern and each moves radially within an opening  188  A,B,C,D from the center of the turntable  160 . The fingers  186  are operated by any common conventional linkage (not shown) to move reciprocally in the radial direction to ensure that the fingers are at the same radius from the center of the turntable  160  at all times. The tire  134  is placed on the turntable  160  and the finger linkage is then operated so that all the fingers  186  make contact with the inside diameter of the tire at the lower bead area. After the fingers have moved out radially and make radial contact with the tire bead, the fingers are then actuated vertically downward so that the caps  184  on each finger  186  makes contact with the top surface of the bottom bead. The vertical motion of each finger is also limited by an adjustable positive stop  190 , so that the final height of all the caps is at a common height. Each stop  190  is extended from a respective finger  186  by a horizontal support arm  191 . The fingers and caps serve to secure the tire to the turntable, to center the tire coaxially with the center of the turntable, and also slightly pull down the lower bead area of the tire so that the entire top surface of the lower bead area is in a single plane at a fixed distance from the top surface of the turntable. The subject centering method is preferred but other known fixturing techniques and apparatus may be employed alternatively within the practice of the invention if desired. 
     With respect to  FIGS. 14 and 15 , the fixing mechanism  192  is mounted to one of the fingers  186 D. The fixing mechanism  192  moves radially and vertically with the finger to which it is mounted. For any given tire  134 , the tag or transponder  156  is placed at a known position and orientation relative to the lower bead of the tire. Since the finger makes positive contact with the lower bead area of the tire, the desired final position of the tag is known relative to the geometry of the finger  186 . 
     A fixing mechanism  192  is provided for attachment to the turntable and provides means for fixing a predetermined portion of the annular ring (such as, but not necessarily, the transponder housing) to a position on the tire and holding the predetermined ring portion in place as the tire is rotated on the turntable. The mechanism  192  includes a retainer end  194  represented in the form of a fork. Other alternatively shaped retaining ends may be deployed if required or desired for a particular application. The mechanism  192  further includes an arcuate bracket arm  196  radially inwardly disposed that includes an arcuate slot  198 . Mounting bracket  200  attaches to the slot  198  and is adjustable into alternative angled positions and held in such position by a set screw  202 . A pneumatic fittings  204  are provided and apply actuation pressure to a pneumatic linear cylinder with linear guides  206  that moves the yoke  204  along a reciprocal linear path radially outward. An angled pneumatic actuator  208  is mounted to the bracket  200  and coupled to the arcuate arm  196 . The angled actuator  208  carries the fork  194  along an angled path to into a retention relationship with the transponder housing  156  wherein the fork  194  straddles the housing  156  to inhibit lateral movement thereof. A slide table  210  is used to support the pneumatic actuators  206 ,  208  and is mounted to the turntable by suitable hardware as shown. The actuators  206  and  208  and associate table  210  are of a type commercially available as an assembly such as in the Air Slide Table Series MKS manufactured by SMC Corp., having a business location at 3011 N. Franklin Road, Indianapolis, Ind. 46226. 
     The fixing mechanism  192  thus as will be appreciated from above therefore may, but need not necessarily for the practice of the invention, include two axes of motion. Mechanisms that use a single actuation path to bring a retention device into a retaining relationship with an annular ring portion are intended to be within the scope of the invention. In a two axis system, of the type depicted, a first axis is a horizontal linear axis, parallel to the surface of the turntable  160  and in the direction of motion of the finger to which it is attached. The second axis is in the plane of motion of the finger but at an acute angle to the turntable surface. Each motion is operated by its own pneumatic actuator  206 , 208 . The horizontal actuator  206  operates along a linear path and is interchangeably referred to herein as the “linear actuator”. The linear actuator  206  is mounted to the finger  186 D. The angled actuator  208  is mounted to the horizontal actuator  206  by the bracket  200  which can be manually adjusted to change the angle of operation. The adjustment bracket is designed to provide a center of rotation about a point a known distance from the “toe” of the bottom bead area of the tire. 
     In operation, the bracket  200  is adjusted so that the angle of actuation is approximately parallel to a cross-section through the tire in the area of the transponder. The fork fixture  194  is attached to the outside moving portion of the angular actuator  208 . The fork  194  is designed to fit over a rectangular protrusion on the transponder housing  156  so that the fork makes close contact with the lateral face of the rectangular protrusion. This contact prevents the tag and ring from moving laterally relative to the tire during the installation of the ring. 
     In operation, the horizontal and angled actuators  206 ,  208  are initially in the retracted position, so no portion of the mechanism protrudes beyond the contact surface of the finger. The tire  134  is placed on the turntable top  162  and the finger linkage (not shown) operated so that all the fingers  186  move radially outward and stop against the lower bead of the tire. Thereafter the fingers are all operated vertically downward so the lower bead is held in a fixed plane a known distance from the turntable. The robot arm tooling is brought into the inside cavity of the tire in the area where the transponder is desired to be placed. The location of the transponder is defined to be in the same angular “clock” position as the finger on which the fixing mechanism  192  is attached. A small patch of adhesive is injected through the robot arm tooling as described on the tire in the area where the transponder will be placed. The robot arm then moves out of the tire and picks up an annular assembly  132 , gripping and supporting the annular unit at the transponder housing. The robot returns to the inside of the tire and presses the tag into the adhesive patch (See  FIGS. 14 and 15 ). The gripper on the robot arm then opens to release the transponder ( FIG. 16 ). 
     Thereafter, the horizontal actuator  206  on the fixing mechanism  192  is pneumatically actuated to move the mechanism radially outward ( FIG. 17 ). The angular actuator  208  is then operated to bring the fork into close bridging relationship with the transponder housing ( FIGS. 18 and 19 ). The turntable is rotated while adhesive is injected on and around the carrier strip  158 . The fork  194  remains in a retention position with the transponder housing  156  for almost the full revolution of the tire. After a certain degree of rotation has been completed, there is enough adhesive boding between the carrier strip  158  and the tire  134  that the friction between the carrier strip and the guide cannot cause the strip to move relative to the tire. At this point in the rotation, the angular actuator is retracted, taking the fork out of retention engagement with the transponder housing  156 . The tire containing the annular assembly unit  132  is then removed from the turntable and the system is ready to accept another tire. 
     From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that the subject invention achieves an efficient and reliable connection between an annular assembly and an annular surface. The invention can find application where the attachment of an annular ring to an annular surface is desired, particularly in the attachment of a sensor unit to a tire. The mechanism repeatedly secures the tire to a rotating turntable and effects an initial attachment of the transponder to the tire surface. The mechanism  192  serves to maintain the transponder against the tire while the annular unit is adhered section by section to the tire. Mechanism  192  positively and automatically maintains the transponder in place against the tire at a reference location without imparting damage to the sensor unit. 
     Variations in the present invention are possible in light of the description of it provided herein. While certain representative embodiments and details have been shown for the purpose of illustrating the subject invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in this art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the scope of the subject invention. It is, therefore, to be understood that changes can be made in the particular embodiments described which will be within the full intended scope of the invention as defined by the following appended claims.