Patent Publication Number: US-2023158357-A1

Title: Plate-sensing base for a connected adjustable free weight system

Description:
FIELD 
     The present disclosure relates generally to a plate-sensing base which optionally includes a communication interface to provide a connected base for a weight-selectable (or adjustable) free weight system, such as an adjustable dumbbell or barbell system. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Adjustable dumbbells and barbells, collectively referred to as adjustable free weights, include a handle to which multiple weight plates (or simply weights or plates) are selectively attached. A user may select, via a selection mechanism of the adjustable free weight, the weight of the adjustable free weight for a given exercise, and the appropriate coupling and decoupling of weight plates to the handle may occur automatically as a result to the user&#39;s selection. Such adjustable free weight systems obviate the need for multiple sets of free weights in the case of dumbbells, and can make exercising more efficient by eliminating the need for a user to manually add and remove plates from the ends of the handle/bar of a barbell. Weight plates not used to make up the desired exercise weight, also referred to as unused weight plates, are decoupled from the handle. The adjustable free weight is typically supported in a base structure (or simply base), which holds the free weight (e.g., the dumbbell or barbell) when not in use. The base also supports the decoupled (or unused) weight plates when the free weight is removed from the base. The total weight of the free weight, when used during exercise, is determined by the combination of individual weight plates attached to the handle thereof, which combination may vary depending on user selection via the weight-selection mechanism. Designers and manufacturers of exercise equipment continue to make improvements to adjustable free weight systems to further enhance the user experience. 
     SUMMARY 
     Examples of a plate-sensing base for an adjustable free weight system, such as a weigh-selectable dumbbell or barbell system, are described herein. The adjustable free weight supported on the base includes a plurality of weight plates which are selectively and automatically attachable, via operation of a selection mechanism of the free weight, to a handle assembly (or simply handle) of the free weight, e.g., to the opposite ends of the handle. In some embodiments, the adjustable free weight system is an adjustable barbell system. In other embodiments, the adjustable free weight system is an adjustable dumbbell system, which may include a pair of dumbbells. The adjustable free weight of the examples herein may be supported, when not in use, on a plate-sensing base. The plate-sensing base includes a support cradle (or simply cradle), which provides at least one recess which receives the free weight at least partially therein, such as when the free weight is not in use. The recess defines a set of plate wells that receive or accommodate a portion of each weight plate when the adjustable free weight is rested on the base. The plate wells are configured to support the individual weight plate generally vertically when a plate is left in the base (i.e. when decoupled from the handle and the handle is removed). For example, the plate wells may be defined, at least in part, by generally vertically extending positioning walls, which support the plates in the generally vertical position. In some embodiments, the adjustable free weight is of a configuration where the weight plates are grouped into first and second set of weights on the opposite ends of the handle. In such embodiments, the base is similarly configured to define corresponding first and second recesses on the opposite lateral sides of the base, each of which includes a suitable number of plate wells that corresponds to the number of plates of the free weight (e.g., dumbbell or barbell) to be supported on the base. 
     The base is configured to detect the presence or absence of a weight plate on the base, and the weight selection of the free weight is determined from signal(s) indicative of the presence or absence of a weight plate on the base. The base according to the present disclosure includes a plate-sensing assembly which detects the presence or absence of individual weight plates on the base when the free weight handle is removed from the base. The weight of the adjustable free weight may then be determined based on the weights remaining on the base and/or communicated, in some cases automatically upon removal of the handle from the base, to an external computing device (e.g., the user&#39;s smart phone). In some embodiments, the plate-sensing assembly includes a combination of mechanical components (e.g., a biased rigid member arranged to translate or pivot when depressed by a weight plate) which cooperates with one or more sensors of a sensor assembly for detecting the presence or absence of individual weight plates on the base. The states of each sensor may be communicated, via one or more signals generated by a circuit to which each sensor is electrically coupled, to a processor. The processor determines, based on the states of each sensor, the combination of plates remaining in the base upon removal of the handle from the base, and consequently the weights attached and thus the total weight of the free weight when removed from the base. The processor may be located in the base or in a separate computing device (e.g., the user&#39;s smartphone or another computing device). In some embodiments, the plate-sensing base may be configured to communicatively (e.g., wirelessly) couple to one or more external computing devices, such as the user&#39;s smart phone, for communicating to the external device, in some cases automatically, the determined weight of the free weight (e.g., dumbbell). The weight-sensing base may thus be referred to as a connected (or smart) base and may thus provide a smart or connected adjustable free weight system. The external computing device may be any suitable computing device such as a personal mobile device (e.g., a smart phone or tablet), a smart TV, or smart display of a coaching system, which by receiving the weight selection(s) from the smart base may be adapted for exercise tracking or fitness coaching. 
     Combinations of the inventive subject matter according to the present disclosure include, but not limited, to the below enumerated paragraphs: 
     A1. A base for an adjustable free weight having a handle and a plurality of weight plates selectively removably attached to the handle, the base comprising: 
     a cradle configured to support the adjustable free weight when not in use, wherein the cradle defines a plurality of plate wells, each of which is configured to accommodate an individual one of the plurality of weight plates; and 
     a plate-sensing assembly attached to the cradle, the plate sensing assembly comprising a plurality of rigid members, each including a plunger, wherein each of the plurality of rigid members is movably coupled to the cradle to move between a first position and a second position in which the plunger protrudes into a respective plate well by a smaller amount than when the rigid member is in the first position, the plate-sensing assembly further comprising a corresponding plurality of sensors, each associated with a respective rigid member whereby movement of the rigid member changes a state of the sensor, and at least one circuit configured to generate one or more signals indicative of the states of the plurality sensors and to transmit the one or more signals to a processor for determining a weight of the adjustable free weight when removed from the base. 
     A2. The base according to paragraph A1, wherein each of the plurality of rigid members is biased toward its first position. 
     A3. The base according to paragraphs A1 or A2, wherein each of the plurality of rigid members comprises a lever pivotally coupled to the cradle. 
     A4. The base according to paragraph A3, wherein the plate-sensing assembly further comprise a support structure coupled to an underside of the cradle, and wherein each of the levers comprises an axle transversely oriented relative to a lengthwise direction of the lever and rotatably received in a corresponding channel defined by the support structure. 
     A5. The base according to paragraphs A3 or A4, wherein each of the levers further comprises a spring housing aligned with the plunger and configured to accommodate at least a portion of a spring biasing the lever towards its first position. 
     A6. The base according to any of paragraphs A3-A5, wherein the plunger, the axle and the spring housing of each lever is integrally formed with the lever. 
     A7. The base according to any of paragraphs A1-A6, wherein each of the plurality of sensors is a hall effect sensor, and wherein the base further comprises a corresponding plurality of magnets, each fixed to a respective one of the rigid members to move, with the respective rigid member, between the first and second positions. 
     A8. The base according to paragraph A7, wherein each of the hall effect sensors are positioned to generate higher output voltage when a corresponding rigid member is in its first position. 
     A9. The base according to any of paragraphs A1-A6, wherein each of the plurality of sensors is an optical interrupt sensor comprising a light source and an optical receiver positioned on opposite sides of a respective rigid member to form a beam path between the light source and the optical receiver, and wherein each of the plurality of rigid members comprises a second portion that extends to a location in the beam path when the rigid member is in either the first position or the second position. 
     A10. The base according to paragraph A9, wherein the first portion extends from the rigid member in a first direction into a respective pate well, and wherein the second portion extends from the rigid member in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction. 
     A11. The base according to any of paragraphs A1-A6, wherein each of the plurality of sensors is an optical sensor comprising a light source configured to transmit a beam along a beam path and wherein a second portion of the rigid member extends into the beam path when the rigid member is either the first position or the second position, the optical sensor further comprising a receiver located on a same side of the rigid member as the light source. 
     A12. The base according to any of paragraphs A1-A6, wherein each of the plurality of sensors comprises a resistor and wherein each of the rigid member is formed of an electrically conductive material and is arranged to make contact with an electrical contact of the respective resistor when the rigid member is in the first position 
     A13. The base according to any of paragraphs A1-A12 further comprising a switch configured to activate a sensing function of the base. 
     A14. The base according to paragraph A13, wherein the switch is operatively coupled to at least one of: a button configured for actuation by a user; and an activation member configured to be automatically actuated by removal of the handle from the base. 
     A15. The base according to paragraph A14, wherein the activation member comprises a pivoting lever positioned below an underside of the cradle and penetrating, through an opening of the cradle, to a user-facing side of the cradle. 
     A16. The base according to paragraph A15, wherein the pivoting lever is a first pivoting lever biased by a spring towards the user-facing side of the cradle, the activation member further comprising a second pivoting lever between the spring and the first pivoting lever 
     A17. The base according to any of paragraphs A14-A16 further comprising a user interface including at least one of the button and a status light configured to indicate a status of the base. 
     A18. The base according to paragraph A17, wherein the status light is configured to indicate at least one of an operational mode of the base, a pairing status of the base, and a power level of the base. 
     A19. The base according to paragraph A17 or A18 further comprising a wireless communication interface operatively associated with the button for selectively pairing the base with an external computing device separate from the base and the adjustable free weight. 
     B1. An adjustable free weight system comprising 
     an adjustable dumbbell having a handle and a plurality of weight plates selectively removably attached to the handle; and 
     a base comprising:
         a cradle configured to support the handle and the plurality of weight plates when not in use, wherein the cradle defines a plurality of plate wells, each of which is configured to accommodate an individual one of the plurality of weight plates;   a sensing assembly attached to the cradle and comprising a plurality of pivoting levers, each having a plunger that protrudes into a respective one of the plurality of plate wells, a corresponding number of sensors, each operatively arranged to interact with a respective lever, and a circuit configured to detect a change in a state of each of the plurality of sensors in response to movement of one or more of the plurality of levers and to generate one or more signals indicative of the state of the plurality of the sensors; and       

     at least one processor configured to determine, based on the one or more signals, a total weight of the adjustable dumbbell upon removal of the handle from the base. 
     B2. The adjustable free weight system according to paragraph B1, wherein each of the plurality of sensors is a hall effect sensor or an optical sensor. 
     Other combinations of the inventive subject matter disclosed herein is described and will become apparent with further reference to the figures and detailed description below. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate examples of the disclosure and, together with the general description given above and the detailed description given below, serve to explain the principles of these examples. 
         FIG.  1    shows an illustration of an adjustable dumbbell with a connected base in an operational environment according to some embodiments herein. 
         FIG.  2    shows an isometric view of an adjustable dumbbell base, such as the base of  FIG.  1   , shown together with the handle assembly of the adjustable dumbbell. 
         FIG.  3    shows an isometric view of the plate-sensing base of  FIG.  2   . 
         FIG.  4    shows a cross-sectional view of the base of  FIG.  2    showing the dumbbell removed from the base with some of the weights attached to the dumbbell and others remaining in the base. 
         FIGS.  5 A and  5 B  show an isometric view and a top view, respectively, of a sensing assembly or mechanism for a base according to the present disclosure, such as the base of  FIGS.  2 - 4   . 
         FIG.  6    shows one of the plurality of levers of the sensing mechanism in  FIGS.  5 A and  5 B . 
         FIGS.  7 A and  7 B  show section views of the base illustrating the operation of the sensing mechanism of  FIGS.  5 A and  5 B . 
         FIG.  8 A  shows an isometric view of another example of a sensing mechanism for a base according to the present disclosure, such as the base in  FIG.  2   . 
         FIG.  8 B  show a section view of a base, such as the base of  FIG.  2   , illustrating the operation of the sensing mechanism of  FIG.  8 A . 
         FIGS.  9 A and  9 B  show cross-sectional illustrations of yet another example of a sensing mechanism for a base according to the present disclosure, such as the base in  FIG.  2   . 
         FIG.  10 A  shows a cross-section view of the base showing a plate sensing activation mechanism according to one embodiment. 
         FIG.  10 B  shows a cross-section view of the base showing a plate sensing activation mechanism according to another embodiment. 
         FIG.  11    shows a block diagram illustrating electronic components of a base according to the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  12    shows an example user interface of a base according to the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  13    shows various states of the user interface of  FIG.  12   . 
         FIG.  14    shows a flow diagram of a first process associated with the user interface of  FIG.  12   . 
         FIG.  15    shows a flow diagram of a second process associated with the user interface of  FIG.  12   . 
         FIG.  16    shows a flow diagram of a third process associated with the user interface of  FIG.  12   . 
         FIG.  17    shows a flow diagram of a fourth process associated with the user interface of  FIG.  12   . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Examples of a plate-sensing base for a weight-selectable or adjustable free weight (e.g., an adjustable dumbbell or barbell) are described, which may be provided (e.g., to a user) as an exercise system together with the adjustable free weight (e.g., dumbbell or barbell). An adjustable dumbbell or barbell may include a handle assembly and a plurality of weight plates, selectively attachable to the handle, e.g., to opposite ends thereof. The plurality of weight plates and the handle assembly may be configured such that each of the plurality of weight plates can be selectively coupled to and decoupled from the handle assembly through the operation of a selection mechanism. The base is configured to support the adjustable free weight and/or the individual weight plates when not in use. For example, the base may include a support cradle (or simply cradle), which provides at least one recess in which the free weight is placed when not in use. The recess defines a set of plate wells that receive/accommodate a portion of each weight plate when the adjustable free weight is rested on the base. The plate wells are configured to support the individual weight plates generally vertically when in the base (i.e., when not in use). In some embodiments, the adjustable free weight may be an adjustable dumbbell, which may be implemented according to any of the examples in U.S. Pat. No. 7,261,678, entitled “Adjustable Dumbbell System,” and U.S. Pat. No. 10,518,123, entitled “Adjustable Dumbbell System,” the contents of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety for any purpose. In other embodiments, the adjustable free weight may be an adjustable barbell, which may be implemented according to any of the examples in U.S. Pub. App. No. 2020/0306578, entitled “Adjustable Barbell System,” the content of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety for any purpose. In some embodiments, the exercise system described herein includes at least one plate-sensing base and at least one adjustable free weight (e.g., an adjustable dumbbell or barbell). In some embodiments, the exercise system includes a pair of plate-sensing bases and adjustable free weights (e.g., a pair of adjustable dumbbells). In some embodiments, the exercise system includes a single plate sensing base and corresponding set of weights, together with multiple, differently shaped handle assemblies (e.g., a straight bar, a curl bar, etc.) for an adjustable barbell system. 
     The plate-sensing base of the present disclosure includes a plate sensing assembly for detecting the presence or absence of individual weight plates in the base when the handle is removed, and thus determining the weight of the free weight when removed from the base. In some embodiments, the base is equipped with a communication interface and is configured to communicate to an external computing device, in some cases automatically upon removal of the handle from the base, the identified plates on the base and/or the determined weight of the free weight. In some embodiments, the plate-sensing mechanism is implemented using a combination of mechanical components (e.g., rigid members such as translating or pivoting levers/arms) which cooperate with one or more sensors of a sensor assembly. Each of the mechanical components has a portion extending into an individual plate well and is biased to extend into the plate well. The individual weights, when placed into their respective plate wells, interact with the respective mechanical component (e.g., actuate the rigid member against the biasing force), which movement in turn communicates to a processor, via the sensor(s) associated with the mechanical components, the presence or absence of weights in the plate wells. 
     In some embodiments, the plate-sensing base is configured to communicatively couple to one or more external computing devices to communicate the determined weight of the dumbbell to the external computing device(s). Such a plate-sensing base may thus also be referred to as a connected (or smart) base and may be provided as part of a smart or connected adjustable free weight system. The external computing device may be any computing device of the user of the adjustable free weight, such as a personal mobile device (e.g., a tablet or a smartphone), a laptop, a smart TV or any other computing system that receives the weight selection(s) from the smart base for use in exercise tracking or fitness coaching.  FIG.  1    is an illustration of an adjustable dumbbell  10  with a connected base  20  in an exemplary operational environment according to the present disclosure. The adjustable dumbbell  10  and the connected base  20  may be part of a free weight exercise system  100  in which the base  20  is configured to communicate with an external computing device  30 . While only a single dumbbell is shown, the free-weight exercise system  100  may include a set of free-weights, e.g., a pair of dumbbells as are shown as part of the fitness coaching system  38 . Also, while the free weight is illustrated as a dumbbell in the exemplary system  100 , in other examples the free weight system  100  may include a different type of free weight such as an adjustable barbell. The connected (or smart) base  20  is configured to support the free weight (e.g., dumbbell  10 ) when not in use. The free weight (e.g., dumbbell  10 ) includes a handle grip  14  operatively associated with a weight selection mechanism  12  forming a handle assembly  15  to which one or more of the weight plates  16  are selectively attachable, based on a selection made by the user via the weight selection mechanism  12 . The base  20  is configured to support any weight plates  16  of the free weight (e.g., dumbbell  10 ) that are not attached to the handle assembly  15  when the handle assembly  15  is removed from the base, e.g., when picked up by the user for performing exercise. 
     The connected base  20  is configured to communicate with one or more external computing device(s)  30 . By “external” when describing the one or more computing devices  30  it is implied that the components thereof (e.g., the processor(s), display(s), memory, communication link(s), etc.) are not part of (e.g., integrated into) the adjustable free weight (e.g., the dumbbell) and its base. The external computing device(s)  30  with which the base  20  communicatively couples may have various other separate and/or unrelated uses to that associated with the smart base  20 . The external computing device  30  may be any type of portable computing/communication device (e.g., a laptop  32 , a tablet, or a smart phone  34 , etc.). The external computing  30  device may, in some embodiments, be a smart/connected TV  36  or a smart/connected display  39  of a fitness/coaching system  38  or other fitness system such as a stationary exercise machine (e.g., an elliptical machine, a stationary bike, etc.) equipped with a display console. The external computing device(s)  30  may be any other suitable computing device(s) that includes at least one processor, display(s) and communication link(s) for receiving and displaying information based on signals from the base  20 , e.g., for enhancing the user&#39;s exercise experience. 
     In some embodiments, the smart base  20  is configured to communicate directly with the external computing device(s)  30 , such as via a short range wireless communication protocol (e.g., Bluetooth). In some embodiments, the smart base  20  may, additionally or alternatively, be configured to communicate with the external computing device(s)  30  through a wireless network  40 . The base  20  may be configured to communicate with the external computing device(s)  30  via any suitable communication protocols, such as, but not limited to, Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), ZigBee, Wireless USB, Wi-Fi, or others. A smart base  20  according to the present disclosure may be configured communicate with the one or more external devices via any suitable number of communication links (e.g., a first communication link  22 , a second communication link  24 , etc.). Also, the smart base  20  may be configured to establish multiple communication links to different devices (e.g., pairing with two or more of the user&#39;s personal devices, such as their smart phone and their smart TV). Moreover, the external computing devices  30  may include computing device with distributed computing functions (e.g., having/accessing storage and/or services residing remotely, such as in the cloud). 
       FIGS.  2 - 4    show components of an exercise system  200 , including a plate-sensing base  201  according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The plate sensing base  201  of  FIGS.  2 - 4    may be used to implement the base  20  of the system  100  in  FIG.  1   . In  FIGS.  2  and  4   , the base  201  is shown together with the handle assembly (or simply handle)  202  of an adjustable free weight, which in the present example is an adjustable dumbbell  208 . In other embodiments, the free weight may be an adjustable barbell. The base  201  is shown alone, without the free weight, in  FIG.  3    for illustrating the various features thereof. Referring to  FIGS.  2  and  4   , the dumbbell  208  includes a selection mechanism  204  for selectively coupling a desired amount of weight to the handle  202  by way of selectively coupling different combinations of the plurality of weight plates (or simply weights)  206  to the handle  202 . The dumbbell  208  of the present example is configured to operate with ten weight plates  206 , which are grouped in two sets of five on opposite sides of the handle  202 . In other examples, the adjustable free weight (e.g., dumbbell or barbell) may be configured for selectively coupling a different number of weights to the handle (e.g., a number fewer or greater than 10). In the present example, the individual weights  206  are coupled to the handle  202  between separator discs  205  spaced axially along the length of the dumbbell  208 , on opposite sides of the handle  202 . In other embodiments, the weights, separator discs and/or other features of the adjustable free weight (e.g., the type or placement of the selection mechanism  204 ) may be different. 
     Referring now also to  FIG.  3   , the base  201  includes a cradle  210  that supports the weight plates  206  and handle  202  when not in use. Any of the weight plates  206  that are unused (i.e. non-attached) to the handle remain in, and are supported by, the cradle  210  when the handle  202  is removed from the base  201 . The cradle  210  includes positioning walls  215  that divide each of the two recesses  214  into a number of plate wells  212  corresponding to the number of weight plates  206  of the free weight. Each of the plate wells  212  is configured to accommodate an individual one of the plurality of weight plates  206 . The plate wells  212  are configured to support the unused weight plates in a generally upright (or vertical) position to enable easy and fast alignment of the weights  206  into their respective plate slots  203  of the handle  202  when the handle  202  is returned to the base (e.g., after an exercise). The cradle  210  may also serve as an enclosure or housing of the base  201  substantially enclosing or concealing various internal components of the base (e.g., mechanical and sensor components of the plate-sensing assembly and other electronics of the base). 
     The base  201  is configured to detect the presence or absence of the individual weight plates  206  in the cradle for determining the weights remaining in the base and thus the weight attached to the handle. Referring for example to  FIG.  4   , the base  201  includes a plate-sensing assembly  220  attached to the cradle  210 . In some embodiments, the plate-sensing assembly  220  is implemented using a combination of mechanical components (e.g., rigid members such as pivoting levers) and electronic sensors arranged to individually sense the presence or absence of a weight  206  in a given plate well  212 . For example, the plate sensing assembly  220  may include a plurality of rigid members  222 , each associated with a respective one of the plate wells  212 . Each of the rigid members  222  is movably coupled to the cradle  210  such that it can move between a first (elevated or released) position and a second (lowered or depressed) position. Each rigid member  222  may be biased toward the first position (e.g., by a spring  217 ) and may include a plunger portion (or simply plunger)  224  which protrudes into the respective plate well  212  when the rigid member  222  is in the first position. The plunger  224  protrudes through an opening in the cradle  210  into the plate well  212 . The plunger  224  is positioned in the plate well (e.g., along a bottom surface of the plate well) so as to contact and be depressed by the respective weight plate  206  when the weight plate  206  is placed in the plate well  212 . As such, when a weight plate  206  is placed in its corresponding plate well  212 , the weight  206  acts against the biasing force of the spring  217  moving the rigid member  222 , via its plunger  224 , to its second (lowered or depressed) position and when the weight plate  206  is removed from its corresponding plate well  212 , the downward force on the spring is released, and the rigid member  222  and its plunger  224  move to their first position under the biasing force of the spring  217 . In some embodiments, the plunger  224  is at or below the bottom surface of the plate well  212 , thus not substantially protrude into the plate well  212 , when the plunger  224  and rigid member  222  are in the second position. In other embodiments, the plunger  224  may be above the base surface of the plate well  212  when in the second position. Irrespective of the particular configuration of the plate-sensing assembly, when a given rigid member  222  is in the first position, a larger amount of the its plunger  224  protrudes into the plate well  212  than when the rigid member is in the second position. Movement of the rigid member from the first to the second position displaces the plunger downward towards the foot  209  of the base. Any suitable biasing element, such as a spring  217 , may be used to bias the individual rigid members  222  toward the second position in the absence of a weight in the plate well. 
     In some embodiments, a single plate-sensing assembly  220  is provided to sense the presence or absence of weights in one of the recesses  214 , which information is used to extrapolate the presence or absence of weights in the other recess, e.g., by assuming that weight plates  206  are symmetrically coupled to the handle  202 . Having a single sensor assembly can reduce the complexity of the system and computational resources required to monitor the states of the sensors of the plate-sensing assembly. In other embodiments, an individual sensor assembly may be provided below each of the recesses  214  for independently sensing the presence or absence of weights  206  coupled to each side of the handle  202 . 
     In some embodiments, the rigid members  222  are implemented by a set of pivoting levers.  FIGS.  5 A and  5 B  show an isometric view and a top view, respectively, of a plate-sensing assembly  500  according to the present disclosure, and  FIGS.  7 A and  7 B  shows partial section view of the plate-sensing assembly  500 , illustrating its operation. The plate-sensing assembly  500  may be used to implement the plate-sensing assembly  220  of the base  201  in  FIG.  2   . 
     The plate-sensing assembly  500  includes a plurality of levers  502  which pivot between a first position (e.g., as shown in  FIG.  7 B ), which is also referred to as elevated, raised or released position, and a second position (e.g., as shown in  FIG.  7 A ) and which is also referred to as lowed or depressed position. Each lever  502  has a first end  509  pivotally coupled to the support structure  504  and an opposite, second end  506  that pivots about the levers pivot axis  505 . The second end  506  may thus also be referred to as the free end or pivoting end  506  of the lever  502 . The support structure  504  may be configured to pivotally support and couple each of the levers  502  to the underside of the cradle  210  such that the levers  502  are operatively positioned below the recess  214  with the plunger  508  of each lever  502  extending through an opening  207  (see  FIGS.  7 A and  7 B ) in the cradle  201  and into the respective plate well  212 . To that end, the support structure  504  may include a corresponding plurality of pivot mounts  523 , each configured to pivotally receive the first end  506  of the respective lever  502 . 
     Each lever  502  may be pivotally coupled to the support structure  504 , and thus to the cradle  210 , via any suitable pivot joint (e.g., a pin joint). For example, and referring also to  FIG.  6   , each lever  502  may include a pin or axle  512 , oriented transversely to the elongate portion  513 , and thus to the length-wise dimension, of the lever  502 . The axle  512  of each lever  502  is pivotally received in a passage or eye  514  defined by the support structure  504  (e.g., by the corresponding pivot mount  523 ). During use, each lever  502  is pivotable about its respective pivot axis  505  to move between the first and second positions. In some embodiments, each of the levers  502  may have a unique form factor (i.e. shape and size) for accommodating operative placement of the pivoting levers  502  underneath a contoured surface of the recess  214 . In some embodiments, a subset of the levers (e.g., levers  502 - 1 ,  502 - 2 , and  502 - 3 ) may have substantially the same form factor, reducing the part-count of unique components of the plate-sensing assembly  200 . In some such embodiments, the support structure  504  (e.g., the location of the mounts  523 ) may be configured to substantially align some or all of the levers  502  horizontally (i.e. so their axes  505  lie in substantially the same vertical plane extending out of the page of  FIG.  5 B ), vertically (i.e. so their axes  505  lie in substantially the same horizontal plane parallel to the page of  FIG.  5 B ), or both, which may facilitate operative placement of the levers relative to a contoured recess  214  while maintaining a compact form factor. 
     Each of the levers  502  further includes a portion configured to protrude through the cradle, which is also referred to as protruding portion, plunger portion or simply plunger  508 . The plunger  508  may be positioned near the lever&#39;s free (pivoting) end  506 . When operatively assembled, the plunger  508  of each lever  502  may extend into a respective plate well  212  (see e.g.,  FIGS.  2  and  3 A , and  FIG.  7 B ) when the lever  502  is in the first (raised) position. In the present example, the plungers  508  extend generally perpendicularly to the elongate portion  513  of the respective lever  502  generally perpendicularly to the lengthwise dimension of the respective lever  502 . A biasing element, such as a coil spring or any other suitable type of compression spring  517 , biases each of the levers  502  toward the first position (e.g., as shown in  FIG.  7 B ). The compression spring  517  may be substantially aligned with, such that it is positioned substantially directly below, each plunger  508  in some embodiments. In some such embodiments, the spring  517  may be received in a spring housing  519  below the plunger  508 . The spring housing  519  may operatively couple the spring  517  to its respective lever. In other embodiments, the levers  502  may be differently biased, such as with a torsion spring operatively associated with each of the axles  512 . In use, each lever  502  is physically actuated, through contact with the respective weight  206  (e.g., via its plunger  508 ) between the first (relatively higher) and second (relatively lower) positions. Each lever  502  further interacts, through its movement between the first and second positions, with a corresponding sensor  532  to communicate (e.g., to a processor) the position of the lever  502  and thus the presence or absence of a weight  206  in a given plate well  212 . Each of the levers  502  includes a sensor engagement portion  507 . In some embodiments, the sensor engagement portion  507  of each lever  502  is located at or near the lever&#39;s free (pivoting) end  506 . 
     In the present example, the plate-sensing assembly  500  uses hall effect sensors to detect the position of each lever  502 , and thus the presence or absence of a weight in the base. In other examples, different types of sensors may be used, as will be described further below. In the example in  FIGS.  5 A- 7 B , the sensor engagement portion  507  of each lever  502  is implemented by a magnet  534  which is carried, in a magnet seat  511 , at the free end  506  of the respective lever  502 . Each of the magnets  534  is thus fixed to, and moves with, the free end  506  of the respective lever  502  as the lever  502  pivots between the first and second position (e.g., as shown in  FIGS.  7 B and  7 A  respectively). The magnet seat  511  may be implemented by a recess  525  located at the free end  506  of the lever  502 . The recess  525  is configured to accommodate a respective magnet  534  at least partially therein. For example, the recess  525  may have a shape corresponding to the shape of the magnet. In some examples, a substantially circular recess may be provided for a circular magnet. Any other suitable shape of the recess and magnet may be used. In some embodiments, the magnet  534  may be keyed to the seat  511  such that it only fits in the seat in one or limited number of orientations. Each of the magnets  534  may be press-fit, and additionally optionally glued to their respective seat  511 . Each of the recesses  525  may have a top opening to accommodate passage of the magnet  534  and thus facilitate insertion of the magnet  534  into the seat  511 . In some embodiments, the sidewalls  515  that define the recess may be interrupted, providing a side opening  521 , which may expose a side of the magnet  534  oriented along (or facing) the length-wise direction of the lever  502 , to facilitate a more effective engagement with the hall effect sensor. The sidewalls  515  may encircle the magnet  534  only partially but sufficiently so as to capture the magnet therein, preventing removal of the magnet along the length-wise direction. In some embodiments, the axle  512 , the plunger  508 , and the magnet seat  511  of a lever  502  are integrally formed with the elongate portion  513  whereby the respective lever  502  is implemented as an integral/unitary body  503 . 
     A variety of different types of sensors may be used to implement the sensors  532 . In the example in  FIGS.  5 A- 7 B , each of the sensors  532  is implemented by a hall effect sensor. Thus, the plate-sensing assembly  500  includes a plurality of hall effect sensors  532 , each positioned to interact with a corresponding lever  502 , e.g., via the respective magnet  534  which is fixed to, and thus moves with, the respective lever  502 . The movement of the magnet  534  rails (or shifts) the corresponding hall effect sensor  532  between its low and high states. In some embodiments, the hall effect sensors  532  are positioned such that each sensor  532  generates a high voltage when the lever  502  is in the first (or elevated/released) position and a low voltage when the lever  502  is in the second (or lowered/depressed) position. In other embodiments, a reverse alignment may be used such that the sensor(s)  532  are instead railed (or shifted) to a high voltage state when the lever  502  is in the lowered position. Each of the sensors  532  is connected to a circuit (e.g., on a printed circuit board (PCB)  530 ) which generates one or more signals indicative of the states (e.g., high or low voltage) of each sensor  532 , also referred to as sensor state signal(s). The sensor state signal(s) are communicated to a processor that determines the combination of weight plates  206  remaining in the base upon removal of the handle  202 , and consequently the weights  206  attached to, and thus the total weight of, the free weight  208 . The processor may be mounted to the PCB  530 , directly thereto, such as on the side opposite the sensors, or indirectly via any suitable combination of electric conductors (e.g., a flex PCB or ribbon cable). 
       FIGS.  8 A and  8 B  show a plate-sensing assembly  800  according to further examples of the present disclosure. The plate sensing assembly  800  may be used to implement the plate sensing assembly  200  of the base  201  of  FIG.  2   . The plate-sensing assembly  800  may include a number of components similar to those of the plate-sensing assembly  500  but instead of using hall effect sensors, the mechanical components interact with optical sensors. For example, similar to the plate sensing assembly  500 , the plate-sensing assembly  800  includes a plurality of pivoting levers  802 , each of which is pivotally coupled to a support structure  804 . Similarly, each lever  804  includes an elongate body  813 , an axle  812 , a plunger  808  and a sensor engagement portion  807 . Each of the levers  802  is pivotally coupled at its one end to the support structure  804 , and is biased (e.g., by a respective spring  817 ) toward a raised position in which the plunger  808  protrudes through the base (e.g., as shown in phantom line in  FIG.  8 B ). 
     The individual sensors  832  in this example are optical sensors. For example, each sensor may be an optical interrupt sensor which includes first and second sensor portions  832 - 1  and  832 - 2 , respectively, spaced apparat from, and arranged to face, one another. The first sensor portion  832 - 1  may be the optical transmitter  832 - 1  (e.g., a light source such as an LED) and the second sensor portion  832 - 2  may be the optical receiver (e.g., a light detector), or vice versa. The sensor engagement portion  807  is implemented by a flag  811 , which is operatively positioned on the lever to move between a first position when the plunger is in the first, elevated position (as shown in phantom line in  FIG.  8 B ) and a second position when the plunger is in the second, lowered position (shown in solid line in  FIG.  8 B ). In some embodiments, the optical interrupt sensor is position such that the flag  811  blocks or interrupts the light of sight between the optical transmitter and receiver when the lever  802  is in the raised position. In other embodiments, the optical sensor is positioned such that the interrupted state (e.g., a low or null value) of the sensor  832  is instead associated with the lowered position of the lever. Similar to the prior example, each of the plurality of sensors  832  may be connected to a circuit (e.g., provided on a PCB  830 ) for communicating the sensor signals to a processor. 
     In other embodiments, a different type of optical sensors may be used in place of photo-interrupters of the plate-sensing assembly  800 . For example, each sensor  832  may be a photo sensor having the transmitter and receiver located on the same side of the flag  811  as opposed to opposite sides thereof. In such embodiments, the transmitter is arranged to transmit light towards the flag, when the flag is in the light of sight of the transmitter, and the receiver is arranged to detect light reflected (e.g., by the flag). When the lever is in a position in which the flag does not substantially block the light of sight of the light transmitter, smaller amount or no reflected light is detected by the receiver, resulting in a different signal (e.g., a low voltage state) of the sensor. Also, it should be noted that while the mechanical components (e.g., levers  502  of the assembly  500  and levers  802  of the assembly  800 ) are shown as pivotally coupled to the base  201  in the illustrated examples, in other embodiments, the mechanical components (e.g., rigid members) that move between the first and second positions to interact with the sensors may be differently movably coupled to the base. For example, each of the rigid members, which may be implemented by a lever or other suitable rigid structure, may instead be supported in a track defined by the support structure, and may be configured to translate up and down, rather than pivot, to raise and lower the plunger portion of the lever. 
     The plate sensing assembly may be implemented using various other combinations of mechanical and electrical components interacting to detect the presence or absence of the individual weights in the base. For example, as shown in  FIGS.  9 A and  9 B , each of the mechanical components may be implemented by a rigid member  902 , which has a portion  902  protruding into the plate well. The rigid member  902  is pivotally coupled to the cradle  210  and is made from an electrically conductive material to act as a switch. The switch is biased toward the closed position (as shown in  FIG.  9 B ), in which the switch closes the sensing circuit  932 . When the switch is depressed (i.e. when a weight plate  206  is present) the switch rotates out of position and breaks electrical contact, thereby interrupting the circuit  932 . When the weight plate  206  is removed (as shown in  FIG.  9 B ), the switch springs back into position (i.e., with plunger portion  902  extending into the plate well) with its free end making electrical contact and closing the sensing circuit  932  associated with that particular plate well. A similar sensing circuit is provided for each plate well associated with at least one of the two recesses of the base, such that the presence or absence of the weights can be individually detected. The states of the sensing circuits  932  are communicated (e.g., via PCB  930 , to a processor such that the weights remaining on the base, and consequently the weights attached to the handle can be detected upon removal of the handle from the base. In some embodiments, the sensing circuit may alternatively or additionally includes sensors in-line with resistors, such that each combination of docked plates provides a unique summation of total resistance to indicate user&#39;s selected weight. Various other types of switches may be used in a similar fashion in other embodiments (e.g., in a linear, pivot action or other). 
     In some embodiments, electronics of the base (e.g., the sensors and/or communication interface) may be powered by an on-board power source (e.g., one or more batteries, which may be rechargeable). In some embodiments, the one or more batteries may be replaceable by the end user, and an battery access panel  251  may be provided in a convenient location of the cradle such as on a side of the cradle accessible to the user even when the free weight is docked on the base. To conserve power, the base may be configured to operate in different modes, including at least one awake or active mode in which power is provided to the plate-sensing assembly, and a sleep or low power mode, during which the sensor assembly may not be powered. The base may be toggled between these modes in a variety of ways. For example, the base may include a switch for toggling the base from the sleep mode to an awake or active mode. The switch may be connected to a button  253  (see  FIG.  3   ), which may be part of the base&#39;s user interface (U/I) configured to enable the user to activate the base and receive feedback about the operational state of the base, e.g., battery status, connection status, etc. In some embodiments, the base is additionally or alternatively configured to automatically switch to active mode by removal of the handle from the base. In such embodiments, the switch may be additionally or alternatively connected to an activation member  255  which is engaged (e.g., depressed or released) by the handle when the handle is positioned in or removed from the base. Referring back to  FIGS.  5 A,  5 B  and also to  FIG.  10   , the activation member  255  may be implemented by a plunger  1002  extending from a pivoting lever  1004 . The lever  1004  is pivotally coupled to the support structure  504  and thus to the cradle  210  of the base  201 . The activation member  255  (e.g., lever  1004  and plunger  1002 ) are biased upward towards the handle by a spring  1017 . Placement of the handle on the base acts against the spring force, depressing the member  255  downward. In some embodiments, the spring  1017  acts indirectly on the lever  1004 , for example through a second pivoting lever  1005  positioned between the spring  1017  and the lever  1004 . The position of the plunger  1002  is detected by a sensor, for example a hall effect sensor  1036 , an optical sensor or any other suitable sensor. For example, activation member  255  may include a sensor engagement portion  1007  similar to that of the lever  502 . Depending on the type of sensor used, there may be provided a magnet  1006  fixed to a seat  1008  which extends from one of the levers  1004  or  1005  (if present) in an operative direction towards the hall effect sensor  1036 . The sensor  1036  may be connected to the same PCB  530  supporting the other sensors  532  of the plate sensing assembly. Similar to the operation of the pivoting levers  502 , the movement of the magnet  1006  caused by the movement of the activation member  255  up and down rails (or shifts) the hall effect sensor  1036  between its high and low states to trigger the activation of the base (e.g., waking up the base when the handle is removed) and, responsively, the delivery of power to the plate sensing components of the base. 
     In the example in  FIG.  10 B , which shows a section view of a similar cradle  210 ′, the activation member  255  may be implemented by a rigid post  1152 , which is received in a pocket  1153  defined by its supporting structure (e.g., support structure  504  or  804 ). The post  1152  is configured to move substantially vertically between its raised and lowered positions, as constrained by the pocket  1153 . The post  1152  includes a protruding portion or plunger  1154  that penetrates the cradle and is exposed on the user-facing side thereof. The post  1154  is biased towards the raised position (e.g., as shown in  FIG.  10 B ) by a spring  1157 . Upon placement of the handle in the cradle  201 ′, the plunger  1154  is depressed by the handle lowering the post  1152 , which may interact with a sensing component to communicate the position of the post to the switch, or may directly couple the position of the post to the wake-up switch of the base. The post configuration of the activation member may be used in a base according to any of the examples herein (e.g., in base  201  of  FIG.  2   ). The activation member may be implemented differently in other embodiments herein. 
       FIG.  11    shows a simplified block diagram of electronic components of a smart base  1801  and an external computing device  1802  according to the present disclosure. The electronic components of the base  1801  may be included in a base according to any examples herein (e.g., base  201 ). Similarly, the electronic components of external computing device  1802  may be present in the external computing device  30  of  FIG.  1   . As shown in  FIG.  11   , the smart base  1801  according to the present disclosure includes at least a power source  1126 , one or more sensors  1112 , one or more I/O devices  1118  and at least one communication link  1114 . Optionally, the base  1101  may include a memory  1124  and at least one processor  1122 , e.g., for processing the sensor signals and/or controlling the base&#39;s user interface. In some embodiments, sensor data is processed on board the base (i.e. by a processor located in the cradle). In other embodiments, the sensor data is at least partially processed by a processor not housed in the cradle. For example, the final determination of the weight selection of the user may be made by a processor located remotely from the base (e.g., processor  1152  of the external computing device  1151 ). The external computing device  1151  includes one or more I/O devices  1160 , communication link(s)  1156 , and at least one processor  1152 , memory  1154  and a power source  1158 . 
     The power source  1126  of the base  1101  and the power source  1258  of the computing device  1151  may be implemented by on-board power (e.g., a battery), which may be rechargeable in some embodiments. Any suitable battery technology may be used, e.g., Nickel-Cadmium (NiCd), Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH), lithium-ion (Li-ion), lithium-sulfur, graphene aluminum-ion, solid state, etc. Additionally or alternatively, the base  1101  and/or computing device  1151  may be configured to be powered by an external power source, via a wired connection or wireless connection, e.g., to the grid. The I/O device(s)  1118  of the base  1101  may include one or more input devices (e.g., the button  253 , a keyboard, a touchpad, etc.) and one or more output device (e.g., one or more status indicators which may be implemented by one or more discrete LEDs, an LED display, and ELD display, or a display of any other suitable type). The I/O device(s)  1160  of the external computing device  1151  may include at least one display  1162  (e.g., for displaying information relating to the exercise system), which may be implemented by any suitable display technology such as Liquid crystal display (LCD), LED, Organic LED, Plasma display (PDP), Quantum dot (QLED) display, etc. The I/O device(s)  1160  may further include various other input and output devices such as a microphone, a speaker, a keyboard, a touchpad, and/or a touchscreen. The communication links  1114  and  1156  of the base  1101  and computing device  1151 , respectively, may be implemented using any suitable wireless communication interface/technology, such as Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low-Energy (BLE), ZigBee, Near-Field Communication (NFC), Wi-Fi, a cellular communication technology, such as GSM, LTE, or others. 
     The processor  1122 , which may be interchangeably referred to as controller, and the processor  1152  may be implemented by any suitable processor type including, but not limited to, a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a digital signal processor (DSP), a field programmable array (FPGA) where the FPGA has been programmed to form a processor, a graphical processing unit (GPU), an application specific circuit (ASIC) where the ASIC has been designed to form a processor, or a combination thereof. For example, the processors  1122  and/or  1152  may include one or more cores, which may include one or more arithmetic logic units (ALUs), floating point logic units (FPLUs), digital signal processing units (DSPUs), or any suitable combinations thereof. The processors  1122  and/or  1152  may further include one or more registers communicatively coupled to the core(s), which are implemented by any suitable combination of logic gates and/or memory technologies. The processors  1122  and/or  1152  may include one or more levels of cache memory coupled to the core(s) for providing data and/or computer-readable instructions to the core(s) for execution. The cache memory may be implemented by any suitable cache memory type, for example, metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) memory such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), and/or any other suitable memory technology. 
     The on-board memory  1124  of the base and the memory  1154  of the external computing device  1151  may be implemented, in part, by the cache memory of respective processor and may thus include volatile memory. The memory  1124  and or memory  1154  may also include non-volatile memory, in some embodiments, which may be implemented using any suitable non-volatile memory technology such as Read Only Memory (ROM) (e.g., masked ROM, Electronically Programmable ROM (EPROM), or others), Random Access Memory (RAM) (e.g., static RAM, battery backed up static RAM, Dynamic RAM (DRAM), or others), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), Flash memory, or others. 
     The electronic components of the base and external computing device may be communicatively connected using any suitable circuit(s)  1120  and  1164 , respectively (e.g., a data bus). 
     A base according to any of the examples herein (e.g., base  201 ) may include a button for activating the sensing function of the base.  FIG.  12    shows an example of a user interface (U/I)  1200  that may be used to implement the user interface a base according to the present disclosure (e.g., base  201 ). The U/I may include at least one button  1210 , and a status indicator  1211 , which may be implemented by one or more lights (e.g., first status light  1212 , second status light  1214 , etc., either or both of which may be an LED light or any other suitable light) or by another suitable feedback device, such as an audible indicator (e.g., a speaker). In some embodiments, only a single status light is used to provide various status information such as battery level, connection status, etc. In other embodiments, a dedicated light may be included to provide different status information, for example the first status light  1212  may signal connection status, while the second status light  1214  may signal battery level. In some embodiments, the pressing of the button  1210  activates (or wakes up) the base  201  such as by causing power to be provided to the sensor assembly thereby activating the sensing function of the base  201 . In some embodiments, the button  1210  may additionally, optionally, be used for establishing a wireless connection between the base  201  and a wireless network or directly with an external computing device  30  (e.g., via Bluetooth pairing). In other embodiments, two separate buttons may be provided, one for activating the base  201  and one for establishing a wireless connection to the base  201 . In some embodiments, the base  201  may be configured to wake up automatically without the user pressing the button  1210 , such as in response to the removal of the handle from the base  201 . In other embodiments, the waking of the base  201  is performed via the user interface  1200  (e.g., by pressing button  1210 ) and the removal of the handle  202  causes the automatic transmission of one or more signals (e.g., sensor state signal(s)) to the external computing device  30 , if the base  201  is communicatively connected to (e.g., paired with) an external device  30 . In some embodiments, additional functions may be invoked by the button  1210 , or additional buttons may be included to provide other functionality by the base  201 . 
     At any given time, the base  201  may be in any one of a plurality of operational modes or states. The U/I  1200  may also exist in different states in which the U/I  1200  exhibits different behaviors, depending on the operational mode of the base  201 . Table  1300  in  FIG.  13    shows different U/I states and the different behaviors of the U/I  1200  associated therewith. For example, when the base  201  is in a first operational mode, interchangeably referred to as low-power, sleep or standby mode, the U/I may be in a first state  1302 , in which the status indicator (e.g., status light  1212 ) is Off. In some cases, the same U/I state may be associated with two or more different modes of the base  201 . For example, the U/I state  1302  may also be associated with the operational mode of the base  201  in which the base  201  conserves power while in active, connected mode, for example when the battery of the base  201  is low (e.g., if battery charge is at 25% or less, if battery power for only 8 hrs of active use remains, or some other predetermined battery level). This mode may also be referred to as power conservation mode, and the U/I  1200  may exists in the same state as when the base  201  is in the sleep mode, in which the status light is Off, even though the base may be in active use (e.g., sensing and/or transmitting signals). If the base  201  is awake but not connected, the base  201  may be referred to as existing in an “awake but not connected” mode. In this mode, the U/I  1200  may exist in a second state  1304 , in which the status light is On (e.g., a continuous or solid light), and has a first color (e.g., white or other predetermined color). If the base  201  is in connecting mode (e.g., the base  201  is discoverable or in the process of pairing, such as when using Bluetooth connectivity), the U/I  1200  may exist in a third state  1306 , in which the status light  1212  is intermittently On and Off (i.e. blinking) in the same color as the “awake but not connected” mode. In some embodiments, the color of the blinking status light in the third state  1306  may be different from the color of the continuous/solid light of the second state  1304 . 
     Once a wireless connection has been established with the base  201  (e.g., the base  201  is paired to an external computing device  30 ), the U/I  1200  transitions to a fourth state  1308 , in which the status light is On (continuously) but has a different color than when the base is not connected and/or pairing (e.g., Blue or other predetermined color different from the color of the second and/or third states  1302 ,  1304 , respectively). Finally, if the power supply (e.g., battery) of the base  201  is low (e.g., below a threshold percentage of charge and/or below a predetermined amount of active use time), the status indicator may provide a warning of the low battery state such as by blinking a predetermined number of times (e.g., 3, 4, 5 times, in some cases more), in a distinct color (i.e. different from the colors used for other, active operational states), for example a red or orange color, and may then, optionally, turn off (or time out) to conserve power, at which point the U/I  1200  may transition into the state  1302 . As previously mentioned, in some embodiments, the U/I  1200  may include separate indicators for status (e.g., first status light  1212 ) and battery level (e.g., second status light  1214 ). In some embodiments, the battery level indicator (e.g., second status light  1214 ) may be configured to communicate the level of battery power as it is depleted. In other embodiments, the battery level indicator (e.g., second status light  1214 ) may be configured to operate as low battery indicator which activates only when the battery level falls below a predetermined level (e.g., a power level providing 10 hours (or less) of active use). In some such embodiments, the battery level indicator (e.g., second status light  1214 ) may be tied to the operation of the status indicator (e.g., first status light  1212 ) in that the battery level indicator (e.g., second status light  1214 ) is only on when the status indicator (e.g., first status light  1212 ) is on. This ensures that the battery level indicator is only On and using power when the user is likely to be interacting with the base and can thus see the indicator, thereby preserving battery power. The battery level indicator (e.g., second status light  1214 ) may be configured to follow the same time-out process as the status indicator, e.g., as described further below with reference to  FIG.  15   . In some embodiments, the various status indications (e.g., low battery, connection status, etc.) associated with the base/adjustable dumbbell may be communicated to the user via the external computing device to which the base is connected, in addition to or instead of the indicator(s)  1211 . 
     The base  201  is configured to transition to an active (or awake) state, in which power is provided to the sensing components, when the button  1210  is manipulated in a predefined manner (e.g., pressed once). In some embodiments, the base  201  additionally or alternatively transitions to awake state automatically upon removal of the handle  202  from the base  201 .  FIG.  14    shows a flow diagram of a process  1400  via which the base  201 , and consequently the U/I  1200 , transition from the low power (or sleep) mode to active, connected mode. The base  201  is initially in the low-power mode, as shown in block  1402 . The base  201  may exist in this state when the base  201  is not in active use (e.g., after the handle  202  has been on the base  201  for a set period of time). In the embodiment in  FIG.  14   , the pressing of the button  1210  causes the base  201  to wake up, and the processor of the base determines if a wireless connection has been previously established with the base. For example, when using a Bluetooth connection, the processor determines if the base has previously been paired with a device, as shown in block  1404 . If the answer at block  1404  is yes, attempt to re-stablish the previously set up connection is made. Continuing with the Bluetooth example, the base attempts to locate the previously paired device, as shown in block  1406 . If a device the base was previously paired with is present, the base automatically re-pairs with that device. While the base is attempting to re-establish connection, the U/I exists in the associated state (e.g., the third state  1306  of  FIG.  13   ). When the wireless connection has been established (e.g., upon successfully re-pairing with the external device, as shown in block  1410 ), the base transition to an active, connected state, as shown in blocks  1412  and the U/I shifts to the associated state (e.g., the fourth state  1308  of  FIG.  13   ). If the answer at block  1404  is No (e.g., the base has not been previously paired), the base transitions to an “awake but not connected” mode, as shown in block  1408 , and its U/I shifts to the associated state (e.g., the second state  1304  of  FIG.  13   ). In addition, and if the result of attempting to re-establish the previous connection (e.g., the device is not present or pairing is not successful for some other reason) is not successful at block  1410 , the base may similarly transition to the “awake but not connected state” (block  1410 ) and the U/I would transition to the associated state (e.g., state  1304 ). As shown in block  1408 , the base and U/I may remain in such states for a predetermined period of time (e.g., before the base times out and returns to asleep mode) or until user input is received (e.g., the pressing of button  1210 ). 
     The flow diagram of process  1500  in  FIG.  15    illustrates the conditions under which the base  201  and its U/I  1200  transition back to low power (or sleep) mode. This process  1500  may thus also be referred to as a “time-out” or “return to sleep” process. As can be seen in block  1502 , if the base remains inactive for a predetermined period of time, e.g., 15 seconds, 20 second, 25 seconds or more, or another suitable predetermined period of time, which period will also be referred to as the period of inactivity, the processor determines, as shown in block  1504 , whether the weights are docked in the cradle. The processor determines if the weights are in the cradle using the plate-sensing assembly. The term inactivity, as used herein, implies that during this period no user inputs are provided to the user interface and detected by the processor, nor are any sensor state changes detected and communicated to the processor from the plate-sensing assembly. The inactivity period may be user-configurable, e.g., via the user interface or via an external computing device  30  with which the base  201  is communicatively coupled (e.g., the user&#39;s smart phone, which may execute an exercise tracking and interface application communicating with the dumbbell/base). In other embodiments, the inactivity period is preprogrammed and configurable only by the manufacturer. If the base  201  remains inactive for the predetermined inactivity period, and upon determination that the weights are docked in the base, the base transitions to the low power (or sleep) mode, as shown in block  1510 . Consequently, the U/I transitions to the corresponding state, e.g., the first state  1302  of  FIG.  13   , in which the status indicator (e.g., status light  1212 ) is Off. If no weights are detected as docked or present in the base at block  1504 , the processor determines, at block  1506 , if a wireless connection has been established (e.g., the base is successfully paired to an external computing device  30 ). If the outcome of the determination at block  1506  is Yes, then the base  201  remains in active (also referred to as awake), connected mode as shown at block  1508 . Otherwise, the base  201  transitions to the low power (or sleep) mode, as is shown at block  1510  with the U/I shifts to the corresponding state (e.g., state  1302 ). 
       FIG.  16    shows a flow diagram of a pairing process  1600  that may be implemented by a smart base according the present disclosure (e.g., base  201 ). The base may start off in the sleep mode (block  1602 ) and transition from the sleep mode to awake, e.g., responsive to the user pressing the button  1210 . In embodiments in which the same button is used to invoke different functions, the number of button presses and/or duration of pressing the button may be used to differentiate between and invoke the different functions of the button. For example, the waking of the base may be effected by pressing the button  1210  a single time. A pairing function may be invoked by pressing and holding the button  1210  down for a predetermined period of time (e.g., at least 3 seconds). Different other function may be invoked by different other number of button presses or sequence thereof. As previously described, when the base is in sleep mode, the U/I may exist in a state in which the status indicator(s) are off (e.g., state  1302  of  FIG.  13   ). Upon waking of the base, the processor determines if the base had previously been connected (see block  1604 ), and if the answer is Yes, the base proceed to attempt to locate the external device associated with the previously established connection (see block  1606 ), during which time the U/I exists in the “connecting/pairing” state, (e.g., state  1306  of  FIG.  13   ). If the device is available, the connection with this device is re-established, and the U/I shifts to the appropriate state, e.g., state  1308 . 
     If the base has not been previously connected (e.g., a determination of No at block  1604 ), the base transitions to the “awake but not connected” mode (see block  1610 ) and the pairing process  1600  may be invoked. As previously described, when the base is in the “awake but not connected” mode, the U/I may exist in the associated state, e.g., as shown in block  1623 , in which the status light is On but has different color than when the base is connected (e.g., a solid white light vs. a solid blue light as shown in block  1627 ). Similarly, if the outcome of block  1606  is unsuccessful, e.g., the base is unable to locate the device to which a connection was previously established, the base similarly transitions to the “awake but not connected” mode as shown in block  1610 , and the pairing process  1600  may be initiate for pairing the base with another device. Thus, the pairing process  1600  may be used when pairing for the first time or to reset the connection to a new device/pairing. To initiate the pairing process  1600  from the “awake but not connected” state, the user may press the button  1210 . In some embodiments, pressing the button  1210  once while in “awake but not connected” mode invokes the pairing process. In other embodiments, to invoke the pairing process a different number and/or manner of button presses is used, e.g., pressing the button and holding it down of a set period of time (e.g., 3 seconds, 4, second, 5 seconds or more). In yet other embodiments, a dedicated button for invoking the pairing function may be provided. Operation of the button in the manner associated with the pairing function causes the base to become discoverable (see block  1612 ). Pressing the button again while in pairing mode causes the base to exit pairing mode. When establishing connection with a new device, the user may additionally provide input to the device to be connected to, e.g., to confirm that the connection should be accepted/established (e.g., as shown in block  1614 . Prior to confirming the connection at block  1614 , the user device displays the available connection (see block  1611 ) to enable the user to select/confirm the paring. If the connection is confirmed (see Yes arrow), the base is successfully paired with the device (block  1608 ), the U/I of the base shifts to the corresponding state (see e.g., e.g., state  1308 ), and optionally a confirmation of the pairing is provided on the display of the user&#39;s device (see block  1609 ). If the connection is rejected (see No arrow from block  1614 ), the base returns to the awake but not connected state and if the base remains in this state for the predetermined inactivity period (see block  1618 ), the base returns to sleep mode. 
       FIG.  17    shows a flow diagram of state transitions from connecting/pairing mode to low power (or sleep) mode. In some instances, the user may decide to exit the connecting/pairing mode before it times out. For example, if the base is in the connecting/pairing mode (block  1702 ), the user may manipulate the button in a predetermined matter (e.g., press the button once while in pairing mode) to cancel pairing. The base  201  exits pairing mode, as shown in block  1704  and transitions to the “awake but not connected” mode, with the U/I shifting to the associated state (e.g., state  1304  of  FIG.  13   ). The base remains in this mode until it times out after a predetermined period of inactivity (e.g., after 20 seconds) unless another action is taken. If no action is taken and the base remains inactive for the predetermined inactivity period, the base transitions to the sleep mode (see block  1706 ) and the U/I shift to the associated state (e.g., state  1302 ). 
     The foregoing discussion has been presented for purposes of illustration and description and is not intended to limit the disclosure to the form or forms disclosed herein. For example, various features of the disclosure are grouped together in one or more aspects, embodiments, or configurations for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. However, various features of the certain aspects, embodiments, or configurations of the disclosure may be combined in alternate aspects, embodiments, or configurations. Moreover, the following claims are hereby incorporated into this Detailed Description by this reference, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of the present disclosure. All directional references (e.g., proximal, distal, upper, lower, upward, downward, left, right, lateral, longitudinal, front, back, top, bottom, above, below, vertical, horizontal, radial, axial, clockwise, and counterclockwise) are only used for identification purposes to aid the reader&#39;s understanding of the present disclosure, and do not create limitations, particularly as to the position, orientation, or use. Connection references (e.g., attached, coupled, connected, and joined) are to be construed broadly and may include intermediate members between a collection of elements and relative movement between elements unless otherwise indicated. As such, connection references do not necessarily infer that two elements are directly connected and in fixed relation to each other. Identification references (e.g., primary, secondary, first, second, third, fourth, etc.) are not intended to connote importance or priority, but are used to distinguish one feature from another. The drawings are for purposes of illustration only and the dimensions, positions, order and relative sizes reflected in the drawings attached hereto may vary.