Patent Publication Number: US-7903027-B2

Title: Intelligent utilization of resources in mobile devices

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/430,548, filed Apr. 27, 2009 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,724,187, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/343,513, filed Jan. 30, 2006 (now U.S. Pat. No. 7,538,722), which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/984,100 filed Nov. 8, 2004 (now U.S. Pat. No. 7,026,984). The disclosures of these commonly owned applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) and other location based resources in mobile devices such as cellular phones and handheld devices. More specifically, the present invention relates to intelligent utilization of GPS and location based resources in a mobile device in order to preserve battery life of the mobile device and minimize network bandwidth resources accessed by the mobile device. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     Operation of the GPS 
     The GPS is a series of twenty-four space-based satellites transmitting signals to a GPS receiver on the ground. Each GPS satellite transmits data that indicates that particular satellite&#39;s location and the current time. All GPS satellites synchronize operations so that these repeated signals are transmitted at the same instant as provided by atomic clocks at the U.S. Naval Observatory and an atomic clock on board each GPS satellite. 
     Signals emitted by GPS satellites arrive at a GPS receiver at different times because some GPS satellites are farther away than other GPS satellites in relation to the GPS receiver; information relating to the location of each GPS satellite is included in GPS satellite transmissions. The distance to a GPS satellite from a GPS receiver can be determined by the time it takes for a GPS satellite signal to reach a GPS receiver. The GPS receiver can calculate its location in relation to these GPS satellite transmissions through a process known as trilateration. Through trilateration, a GPS receiver measures the distance from the GPS satellite using travel time of the GPS satellite signals. 
     For example, the distance between a GPS receiver and a GPS satellite might be 10,000 miles. The location of the receiver relative to the particular GPS satellite is limited to a sphere with a radius of 10,000 miles, the GPS satellite serving as the center point as shown in  FIG. 1A . The distance between the same GPS receiver and a second GPS satellite might be 11,000 miles. As was the case with the first GPS satellite, the location of the receiver relative to the second satellite is limited to a sphere with a radius of 11,000, the second GPS satellite serving as the center point as shown in  FIG. 1B . Combining the information from these two GPS satellites relative to the GPS receiver, we can determine that the GPS receiver is located “somewhere” where the two spheres intersect. By obtaining a relative measurement from a third GPS satellite (e.g., 12,000 miles), the location of the GPS receiver is further narrowed to a point where the 10,000 miles and 11,000 mile spheres intersect with the 12,000 mile sphere as shown in  FIG. 1C . 
     Mobile Devices and the GPS 
     With the proliferation of mobile devices such as cellular phones—over 150,000,000 cellular phones are presently in service—the mobile device handset has become increasingly functional beyond that of a mere telephonic device. Many cellular phones are now integrated with other mobile features such as a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), camera, instant messaging and electronic-mail. The Federal Communications Commission, too, recognized this proliferation and the possible safety advantages of equipping mobile devices with GPS tracking under its E911 mandate. 
     While a 911 emergency phone call placed from a land-line is associated with a phone number assigned to a physical address, a 911 emergency phone call placed from a cellular phone can originate from the user&#39;s home but also from, for example, the user&#39;s office, while on vacation, or even while stranded in a remote location. Sending an emergency response team to the user&#39;s home address when the call was placed in one of these latter locations fails to provide the necessary emergency services where needed but also distracts those services from other possible emergencies. GPS tracking solves this conundrum by associating a phone number with actual physical location, In this regard, GPS technology in cellular handsets and other mobile devices also offers additional commercial advantages such as the user determining their location or obtaining turn-by-turn directions to a particular destination. 
     Receipt of GPS satellite signals is not a simple feat, however, especially for a mobile device with less power than a conventional GPS receiver that is designed for—and only for—receipt of GPS signals. Mobile devices such as cellular phones are, obviously, phones first and foremost. Additional features such as electronic mail and GPS functionality require additional processing power in the mobile device that represents an additional strain on battery availability in addition to another strain on outside resources such as a GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) network that allows a user to connect to a proprietary cellular network via local base stations. 
     Representing a further strain on battery and network resources is the fact that GPS signals shift in frequency due to the relative motion between, for example, a handset GPS receiver and the constant motion of GPS satellites. This Doppler frequency shift requires the GPS receiver to, first, find the frequency of the signal before the GPS receiver can lock onto the signal and make a determination of location. As such, prior knowledge of a GPS satellite&#39;s position and velocity data and the initial handset receiver position can reduce the number of frequencies to be searched because the GPS receiver directly computes the Doppler frequency shift instead of searching over a whole possible frequency range. 
     Many GPS equipped cellular phones are also equipped with technology known as the Assisted Global Positioning System (“A-GPS”), A-GPS uses a combination of GPS satellites and cellular phone base stations to pinpoint location of the mobile device and its GPS receiver and to offer a determination of location that is more accurate than GPS alone. Mobile device GPS receivers, in correlation with an estimate of the mobile handset&#39;s location as determined by a cell-sector, can predict with greater accuracy the GPS signal the handset will receive and send that information to the mobile device handset. With this assistance, the size of the frequency search space is reduced and the time-to-first-fix (TTFF) of the signal is reduced from minutes to seconds. A-GPS handset receivers can also detect and demodulate signals that are weaker in magnitude than those required by a traditional GPS receiver. 
     A-GPS requires precise timing information to perform satellite signal processing. A-GPS can utilize precise time from a synchronized network, which provides optimized TTFF and sensitivity, or derive it on either a synchronized or an asynchronous network from aiding data received from an assistance server. The assistance server communicates with the GPS receiver via a wireless network link. The assistance server, generally, provides three types of data to the GPS receiver: GPS satellite orbit and clock information; initial position and time estimate; and for A-GPS-only receivers, satellite selection, range, and range-rate information. The assistance server is also able to compute position solutions, leaving the GPS receiver with the sole job of collecting range measurements. With assistance from the network, the receiver can operate more quickly and efficiently than it would unassisted, because a set of tasks that it would normally handle is shared with the server. The architecture of conventional GPS receiver implementation compared to that of an A-GPS implementation is reflected in  FIGS. 2A and 2B , respectively. 
     A-GPS operates on any air interface network, synchronized or not, without requiring any costly equipment to derive time, and will operate with enhanced efficiency and performance on precisely synchronized networks. The A-GPS architecture, in and of itself, helps increase capabilities on the cellular phone with regard to battery conservation. Nevertheless, constantly querying the GSM Network and/or GPS satellite network represents an ongoing drain on battery power in addition to a strain on requisite networks. Therefore, there is a need in the art for a GPS handset solution that incorporates A-GPS architecture with an intelligent system for making queries of location on an as-needed basis. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIGS. 1A-1C  illustrates an operation of three GPS satellites to determine a position of a GPS receiver; 
         FIGS. 2A and 2B  illustrate an operation of a traditional GPS receiver and a GPS engine operating in conjunction with an A-GPS assistance server; 
         FIGS. 3A and 3B  show an exemplary GPS-equipped cellular telephone; 
         FIGS. 4A-4D  shows use of the exemplary GPS-equipped cellular telephone to provide turn-by-turn directions; 
         FIG. 5  illustrates a GPS module and intelligent activation module of the present invention as it would interact with an antenna module, according to an exemplary embodiment; 
         FIGS. 6A and 6B  reflect an exemplary intelligent utilization of GPS resources as they pertain to final destination information; 
         FIG. 7  reflects an exemplary intelligent utilization of GPS resources utilizing deltas and map information; 
         FIG. 8 . reflects an exemplary intelligent utilization of GPS resources utilizing predetermined settings; 
         FIGS. 9A and 9B  reflect an exemplary intelligent utilization of GPS resources utilizing speed information; and 
         FIG. 10  illustrates an interaction between a GPS-equipped cellular telephone, a base station, a switching station and a GPS satellite. 
     
    
    
     SUMMARY 
     The present invention advantageously provides a mobile device comprising a GPS module and an intelligent activation module. The GPS module comprises a chip configured to receive location based information from at least one network. Location based information can comprise GPS-information that may be provided by a GPS-network. The use of the term ‘location based information throughout’ the specification is meant to be illustrative and is not to be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention to only GPS-information. The intelligent activation module is configured to control the activation of the GPS module dependent upon at least one control setting. By intelligently activating the GPS module on an as-needed basis, resources such as network bandwidth and battery power are conserved. 
     The present invention also provides a method for intelligently utilizing resources in a mobile device by determining when access to a GPS-information network is required as defined by final destination information. According to this method, the intelligent activation module will allow the GPS module to access a GPS-information network when the mobile device is within a defined ‘buffer’ zone from the final destination. 
     The present invention also provides a method for intelligently utilizing resources in a mobile device by determining when access to an A-GPS-information network is required as defined by changes in deltas as they related to proximity to a final destination. Access to GPS-information prior to accessing the A-GPS network is limited to GPS-only network information. 
     The present invention also provides a method for intelligently utilizing resources in a mobile device by determining when access to a GPS-information network is required as defined by a pre-determined user setting related to distance from the final destination. Upon arriving within the predetermined distance from the final setting, the GPS module will regularly access a GPS-information network to obtain location information and provide turn-by-turn directions. All GPS-information queries prior to providing turn-by-turn directions are limited to a determination of location as related to distance from the final location. 
     The present invention also provides a method for intelligently utilizing resources in a mobile device by determining when access to a GPS-information network is required as defined by speed of the mobile device. If a mobile device is traveling over a certain speed, the intelligent activation module will make a determination that turn-by-turn directions are not required and that information-intensive queries to a GPS-information network should be limited. If the mobile device is traveling under a certain speed, the intelligent activation module will make a determination that turn-by-turn directions are required and that information-intensive queries to a GPS-information network should be more frequent. The present invention also recognizes queries to a network (or lack thereof) dependent on the mobile device traveling at less than a particular speed. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENT 
       FIG. 3A  illustrates an exemplary GPS-equipped mobile device  300 A. As used herein, the word ‘exemplary’, is used expansively to refer to embodiments that serve as an illustration, specimen, model or pattern. The mobile device  300 A comprises a mobile device housing  310  and antenna outcropping  320 A. The mobile device housing  310  is, generally, a lightweight and impact resistant plastic or other contoured molding designed for the ergonomic benefit of the user but also to protect necessary cellular components inside the mobile device housing  310 . These components, as illustrated in  FIG. 3B , often include, for example, analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog conversion chips  365 , a digital signal processor  370 , a microprocessor  375 , various RF  380  and power components  385 , and internal antenna support  320 B. The mobile device  300 B further comprises functional modules  390 , which will be discussed in more detail in connection with  FIG. 5 . Depending on the particular manufacturer of the mobile device  300 , certain components might be absent or integrated with other components. 
     The mobile device housing  310  is, generally, also constructed to allow for the integration of a keypad  330  and display  340  as well as a speaker  350  (for listening to a phone conversation) and microphone  360  (for engaging in a phone conversation). Many mobile devices  300 A also comprise a battery port (not shown) for providing D/C power to a mobile device  300 A. Various ports (not shown) may also be provided in the mobile device housing  310  whereby a ‘hands-free’ car-piece and microphone can be connected to the mobile device  300 A in addition to, for example, an A/C power cord for recharging the mobile device  300 A. 
     Similar ports may be provided for connecting the mobile device  300 A with third-party devices designed to be complementary and compliant with the mobile device  300 A operating architecture. An example of a third-party device would be a flash memory card for storing, for example, photographs taken by a camera-phone. A port could also allow access to an automobile&#39;s on-board computer providing, for example, speed of the automobile as will be described in greater detail in this disclosure. 
     The antenna outcropping  320 A is, generally, utilized when a user makes a cellular phone call. Referring now to  FIG. 10 , upon initiating the call, a signal is sent from the antenna outcropping  320 A of a cellular device  1010  to a base station antenna  1020 . The base station  1020 , in turn, assigns an available RF channel upon which voice information is transferred to the base station  1020 . These voice signals are then sent to a switching station  1030  which transfers the call to its destination  1040 . In some embodiments, the antenna outcropping  320 A is not necessary due to the power of the RF components housed inside the mobile device housing  310 . In some embodiments, like those utilizing GPS and receiving information from a GPS satellite  1050 , an antenna outcropping  320 A might be preferred to increase the transmission and receipt strength of various signals related to GPS or A-GPS. 
       FIG. 4  reflects an exemplary use of the GPS-equipped mobile device  300 A to provide turn-by-turn directions to a user. In  FIG. 4A , for example, the display  340 A reflects the present position  410 A of the user in addition to a desired destination  420  of the user. The display  340 A also reflects the present necessary direction (north) of travel  430 A as well as the distance  440 A (e.g., 0.4 miles) the user should travel in that particular direction.  FIG. 4B  reflects a next ‘segment’ of travel for the user to arrive at their desired destination  420 , the user having completed traveling 0.4 miles in a northern direction as reflected in  FIG. 4A . 
     As evidenced in  FIG. 4B , the user&#39;s present position  410 B has changed since the user traversed a distance and direction reflected in  FIG. 4A . Additionally, the user will be required to change their direction of travel  430 B, in this case, a right hand turn to the east in 0.9 miles as reflected by distance  440 B. 
       FIG. 4C  reflects a next ‘segment’ of travel, the user having traversed the direction and distance reflected in  FIG. 4B . In this example, now at a new location  410 C, the user is required to make another right hand turn to the east in 0.2 miles as reflected by direction  430 C and distance  440 C.  FIG. 4D  continues the turn-by-turn direction example whereby the user now makes their final turn to their desired destination  420 . 
     A desired destination  420  can be provided through a variety of means. For example, a user may manually enter the desired destination  420  into the mobile device  300 A through the use of the keypad  330 A ( FIG. 3A ) in response to a graphic user interface provided on the display  340 A ( FIG. 3A ) of the mobile device  300 A by GPS or directional software installed on the mobile device  300 A. This software can be ‘downloaded’ to the mobile device  300 A or can be ‘pre-installed’ when a user purchases the mobile device  300 A. 
     Alternatively, the user can provide the desired destination  420  to the mobile device  300 A in response to voice prompts from the speaker  350 A ( FIG. 3A ). In response to these prompts, the user can vocally provide information through the microphone  360 A whereby voice-recognition software analyzes utterances provided by the user to determine the desired destination  420 . The information provided by the user is analyzed by voice-recognition software, which may be installed on the mobile device  300 A or at a remote server housed at, for example, a base station, and may be subsequently confirmed by the user through prompts on the display  340 A and responses on the keypad  330 A or through prompts by the speaker  350 A and responses through the microphone  360 A ( FIG. 3A ). Input related to the desired destination  420  initially provided via the keypad  330 A can be confirmed in a similar manner. 
     The desired destination  420  can also be provided from a remote location (not shown) such as a computer terminal whereby a user provides the necessary information to a user interface hosted by a particular cellular carrier. This information is, in turn, delivered to the mobile device  300 A via a wireless transmission. Such a means of providing the desired destination  420  allows for ease of use as the mobile device keypad  330 A or microphone  360 A may prove cumbersome in providing certain information. A particular starting point (e.g., a present position  410 A) can also be provided in any of these methods (e.g., keypad, voice, computer terminal) if the user knows they will be initiating a journey at a later point in time or location. 
       FIG. 5  illustrates the exemplary relationship between a GPS module  510 , an intelligent activation module  520 , and antenna module  530  of the functional modules  390 . The terminology ‘GPS module’ does not necessarily refer to a GPS-only module. References to a GPS module may also include any other type of location determination software, hardware or a combination of the two. The GPS module  510  comprises, at least, a chip for detecting location (e.g., GPS) signals. The GPS module  510  may also comprise additional hardware, software, or a combination of the two (e.g., software embedded in an ASIC chip) necessary to integrate the chip with the operational architecture of the mobile device  300 A ( FIG. 3A ). Chips configured to detect location (e.g., GPS) signals can detect signals as low as approximately 153 dBm and have a TTFF around 5 seconds with A-GPS and approximately 35 seconds without any network assistance. These chips may have a footprint of approximately 7 square mm. The exact size, signal detection, and TTFF specifications of the chip are immaterial to the scope of the present invention. Any available chip may be utilized within the GPS module  510  of the present invention so long as it is capable of being integrated with the architecture of the mobile device  300 A. 
     The exact locale of the GPS module  510  is equally immaterial so long as it is located within or coupled to the mobile device housing  310  as to make it an integrated part of the mobile device  300 A. 
     The exemplary GPS module  510  processes received location based information, be it directly from a GPS satellite or in conjunction with A-GPS, in order to make necessary determinations of location. The GPS module  510  will also interact with various elements of the mobile device  300 A such as the speaker  350 A ( FIG. 3A ) and/or display  340 A ( FIG. 3A ) in order to provide turn-by-turn directions as described in  FIG. 4  visually and/or audibly. The GPS module  510 , in this regard, also comprises the necessary hardware and/or software to convert GPS signals and information into comprehensible information for the user. The GPS module  510  also utilizes information related to a desired destination  420  in order to generate and provide the aforementioned turn-by-turn directions. 
     The antenna module  530  is, in some embodiments of the present invention, an integrated part of the physical antenna outcropping  320 A ( FIG. 3A ) as reflected in mobile device  300 A. Dependent upon the particular architecture of the mobile device  300 A and the chip utilized in the GPS module  510 , the antenna module  530  can also be an integrated part of the chip whereby the antenna module  530  and GPS module  510  are integrated into one module. In embodiments with an actual antenna outcropping  320 A, the antenna module  530  comprises software for processing signals received and transmitted by the antenna outcropping  320 A. The antenna outcropping  320 A is often comprised of a conical housing and UV-resistant material with a tubular mounting designed for weatherproofing so that the antenna outcropping  320 A can withstand various weather environments (e.g., rain or snow). GPS signals are received by the antenna module  530  and, in some embodiments, amplified and relayed to the GPS module  510  for processing. Some embodiments of the present invention might also comprise a timing module  540  to further enhance received GPS signals and improve determination and reliability of location by the chip embedded in the GPS module  510 . More specifically, the timing module  540  can readjust, reset, and compensate for any timing errors in a GPS and/or GSM network. 
     The exemplary intelligent activation module  520  works in conjunction with the GPS module  510  in order to intelligently utilize various GPS resources such as battery power and network bandwidth. The intelligent activation module  520  can be configured with any variety of settings whereby the module  520  will only activate the GPS module  510 , or allow for the activation of the GPS module  510 , to make a processing heavy inquiry of a GSM and/or GPS network as is absolutely necessary. Such settings include a ‘final destination setting,’ a ‘delta setting,’ a ‘predetermined setting,’ and a ‘speed information setting,’ each of which are described in greater detail below. Limiting the frequency with which the GPS module  510  accesses a relevant network will result in less strain on the network thereby allowing for increased quality of service for other users in addition to less drain on the battery or other power component  385  ( FIG. 3B ) of the mobile device  300 B. 
     Some of these settings, such as one utilizing speed information, will require periodic activation of the GPS module  510  to acquire information related to distance traveled since a prior query so that the intelligent activation module  520  can deduce the speed of the mobile device  300 A (e.g., distance/time=speed). Other settings, such as a predetermined setting, will only allow for activation of the GPS module  510  at a particular time (e.g., every 30 minutes) or following a particular event (e.g., following the conclusion of a telephone call). 
     The intelligent activation module  520  comprises the necessary hardware, software, and/or combinations to allow implementation of the various setting described in detail below. These settings can be hardwired into the intelligent activation module  520  as would be the case with an ASIC or be user-determined through pre- or as-needed installation, deletion, or optional utilization by the user. In addition, various algorithms are embodied in the intelligent activation module  520  to make necessary calculations, such as speed of the mobile device  300 A based on the provision of elapsed time and distance traveled as provided by various components of the mobile device  300 A including, but not limited to, the GPS module  510 . Additionally, the intelligent activation module  520  comprises the necessary hardware, software, and/or combination to integrate and interact with other necessary components of the mobile device  300 A as well as being able to activate or, as is necessary, suppress the operation of GPS module  510  whereby resources (e.g., battery power and network bandwidth) are conserved. 
       FIG. 6  reflects intelligent utilization of resources based on final destination information.  FIG. 6A  reflects an exemplary map wherein a user may begin their journey at Point A  610  and arrive at their destination, Point B  620 . Between Point A and Point B are various highways, expressways, city streets, and neighborhood thoroughfares. A user of a GPS-equipped mobile device  300  ( FIG. 3 ) will have varying familiarity with these segments of roadway and will require varying degrees of information as it pertains to turn-by-turn directions for reaching their ultimate destination. 
     The fact that a user may rely on turn-by-turn directions provided by a GPS-equipped mobile device  300  indicates certain unfamiliarity with the route of their travels from Point A  610  to Point B  620 . There is a general presumption, however, that a user of a mobile device  300 A with GPS features will have a higher degree of familiarity with their point of origin  610  with regard to utilizing the final destination setting in the intelligent activation module  520  ( FIG. 5 ). The presumption continues that the user will have an increasing need for more detailed directions (e.g., turn-by-turn directions) as they come closer to their final destination  620 . In that regard, a user can identify a certain ‘buffer’ or radius  630  from their final destination in which detailed directions (e.g., turn-by-turn) will be required. Alternatively, the intelligent activation module  520  can make a determination of the ‘buffer’ radius dependent on the complexity of road, turns and so forth. Any location information provided prior to reaching that ‘buffer’  630  can be more generalized in terms of the number of a highway or name of a street on which the user may be traveling in addition to being provided on a less frequent basis. 
     As more generalized and less frequent information is required outside the buffer  630 , the user might be content with location information provided only by a GPS receiver in the mobile device  300 A. Due to Doppler Shift and processing power of a mobile device  300 A, acquiring location information solely though the mobile device&#39;s  300  GPS receiver will be more time consuming (possibly a minute or more) and less accurate. This generalized information, however, will likely be sufficient for extended highway driving or in areas of increased familiarity. As such, outside the buffer region  630 , the intelligent activation module  520  can instruct the GPS module  510  ( FIG. 5 ) to utilize only its GPS receiver and/or suppress utilization of available A-GPS features. 
     Upon approaching their final destination  620  and, more specifically, the ‘buffer’ region  630  around that final destination  620 , the user will need more rapidly provided and increasingly accurate information to make turns on, for example, unfamiliar city and neighborhood streets. The delay and decreased accuracy of the GPS-only receiver on a mobile device  300 A will no longer suffice for this purpose. As such, upon arrival at the buffer region  630 , the intelligent activation module  520  instructs the GPS module  510  to begin utilizing A-GPS features and to otherwise terminate any suppression of such features that may have existed. With the GPS receiver operating in conjunction with A-GPS, the result is increased accuracy of location information in addition to more rapid provision of that information to the GPS module  510  that, in turn, provides detailed turn-by-turn directions to the user. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, the ‘buffer’ region  630  may only exist around the final destination  620 . In other embodiments, there may be a plurality of ‘buffer’ regions  630 . For example, if a user is on an extended journey from their home in California to New York to see family, the user might wish to make a brief stop in Illinois to see friends or other persons of interest. 
     As such, turn-by-turn directions will also be necessary in the Illinois region. An embodiment providing multiple ‘buffer’ regions  630  would allow for a ‘buffer’ region  630  around not only the final destination  620  in N.Y. but also around certain intermediate destinations (e.g., Chicago) where the user is requires detailed driving directions. The buffer region  630  may also be at a starting point  610  (e.g., details as to finding a freeway entrance). 
       FIG. 6B  details an exemplary process for instructing the intelligent activation module  520  ( FIG. 5 ) to operate on a final destination setting, Through use of this setting, less network and battery resources are used prior to arriving at a final destination buffer  630  than will be used after arriving at that buffer  630  when A-GPS resources are utilized that consume more network bandwidth and battery power. A user, utilizing the final destination method, will provide the intelligent activation module  520  with information concerning point of origin and destination in step  640 . The user may also provide the intelligent activation module  520  with information pertaining to the size of a final destination buffer  630  in optional step  650 ; that is, at what point will more detailed turn-by-turn directions be required. As noted, alternative embodiments allow the ‘buffer’  630  to be determined by the intelligent activation module  520 . 
     After providing this information and initiating their journey, the GPS module  510  of the user&#39;s mobile device  300 A will make periodic queries of the GPS network to determine generalized location information in step  660 . If, after making a GPS network query, the intelligent activation module  520  recognizes the mobile device  300  to be within the final destination buffer  630 , the intelligent activation module  520  will instruct the GPS module  510  to begin utilizing available A-GPS resources to acquire and provide more accurate and more frequent location information that will result in increased frequency and accuracy of turn-by-turn instructions in step  680 . 
     If, however, the intelligent activation module  520  determines that the mobile device  300  is still outside the predetermined final destination buffer  630 , the intelligent activation module  520  will continue suppression of A-GPS resources and/or instruct the GPS module  510  to continue making queries solely on the GPS network and not in conjunction with any GSM of A-GPS features. Directions and location will, at this point, be provided based upon a GPS only determination in step  690 . The process will then continue with the GPS module making a query of the GPS network (step  660 ) followed by a determination of whether the location of the device falls within the predetermined buffer region  630  in step  670 . 
       FIG. 7  reflects an exemplary intelligent utilization of map resources utilizing deltas in map information. Utilizing the delta setting allows the GPS module  510  ( FIG. 5 ) to continually query a GPS or GSM network but at varying periods of frequency. For example, when a user and their mobile device  300  ( FIG. 3 ) depart an initial location, there is a presumption of familiarity with their surroundings. As such, it is not necessary for the user to have up-to-the-minute or real time directions. Updates in location via the GPS module  510  may be appropriate at intervals of, for example, 30 minutes to an hour. As the user gets closer to their destination, which is often an unfamiliar area, there will be an increasing need for more up-to-date (real-time) turn-by-turn directions. For example, a user may now require directions at intervals of anywhere from 1 minute to every few seconds. 
     The GPS module  510 , in conjunction with the intelligent activation module  520 , will recognize the mobile device coming in closer proximity of its final destination through deltas in map information. As the delta changes (i.e., proximity to the final destination decreases or, alternatively, the proximity to the initial point of departure increases) as recognized by the GPS module  510 , the intelligent activation module  520  will instruct the GPS module  510  to make more frequent queries of the GPS or GSM network in order to obtain the most up-to-date positional information. 
     For example, and as reflected in  FIG. 7 , a user will provide a point of origin and a point of destination in step  710 . As the user and their GPS-equipped mobile device  300  ( FIG. 3 ) begin traveling from their point of origin to their desired destination, a delta will develop between the user and both their point of origin and their point of destination; increasing and decreasing, respectively. Depending on whether the intelligent activation module  520  ( FIG. 5 ) is programmed to focus on the increasing or decreasing delta, which will result in identical albeit conversely resultant frequency of queries by the GPS module  510  ( FIG. 5 ), the GPS module  510  will begin to make queries of a GPS and/or GSM network in step  720  as is appropriate. 
     These queries may initially be, for example, every 30 minutes as may be determined by the user or some other pre-setting (e.g., minimal deltas provide for 1 hour queries whereas significant deltas provide for 30 second queries). The intelligent activation module  520 , using location information provided by the GPS module  510 , will calculate the delta—change in location—relative to their point of origin or ultimate destination in step  730 . 
     As the delta continues to change (i.e., as the user further distances themselves from their point of origin and decreases the distance to their final destination), the intelligent activation module  520  will interpret the delta to determine whether to allow for increased access of the GPS module  510  to make location intensive queries of the relevant informational network in step  740 . Less frequent queries of the network provide less accurate location information. More frequent queries provide for more accurate information and resulting more accurate turn-by-turn directions but at the cost of increased network bandwidth consumption and drain on a battery (i.e., power component  385 ). 
     If the determination of the delta shows that the mobile device  300  is becoming increasingly close to its final destination (or, alternatively, increasingly distant from its point of origin), the intelligent activation module will, as noted, allow for increased access to the network in step  750 . If the delta is insignificant or does not meet a predetermined setting that will allow for increased, access, the intelligent activation module  520  will allow the GPS module  510  to query the network in accordance with its previously determined frequency. 
       FIG. 8  reflects an exemplary operational setting whereby a user can preprogram the intelligent activation module  520  ( FIG. 5 ) to activate the GPS module  510  ( FIG. 5 ) for periodic location information (e.g., every 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour or at whatever time period the user might choose). This setting proves useful if the user recognizes they will be on roads not requiring directions for long periods of time whereby a user uses, for example, a 1 hour period for allowing the GPS module  510  to activate and check for location information. 
     In this predetermined setting, the user can pre-program the intelligent activation module  520  to permit the GPS module  510  activation and subsequent network access at periods to coincide with time of day (as might be provided by the GSM network) or, in another example, distance traveled (as might be provided by an onboard computer in a vehicle). For instance, if a user knows he will not be needing directions, at least, until 100 miles into their journey, the user can preprogram the intelligent activation module  520  to allow the GPS module  510  to make a GPS locality check only after a certain distance has been traveled or passage of time has expired. 
     If the intelligent activation module  520 , in conjunction with the GPS module  510 , then recognizes that the vehicle and mobile device  300  ( FIG. 3 ) are approaching the final destination and that turn-by-turn directions will soon be necessary, the intelligent activation module  520  will instruct, or permit, activation of the GPS module  510  that will, in turn, provide the necessary turn-by-turn directions. A determination that turn-by-turn directions will be, or presently are, necessary is an additional predetermined setting that can be provided by the user (e.g., provide turn-by-turn directions when within 30 miles of the final destination). 
     For example, and as reflected in  FIG. 8 , the user can preprogram the intelligent activation module  520  with certain predetermined settings in step  810 . Thus, for example, the settings may allow the GPS module  510  to activate and access the GSM/GPS network every 30 minutes and to recognize that turn-by-turn directions will be required when the mobile device  300  is within 25 miles of the final destination. 
     Upon the expiration of 30 minutes, that is, the occurrence of a predetermined setting in step  820 , the intelligent activation module  520  will allow the GPS module  510  to make a periodic location check in step  830 . If the location of the vehicle and mobile device  300  coincides with a predetermined setting as to when turn-by-turn directions will be necessary in step  840  (e.g., the vehicle and mobile device  300 A are within 25 miles of the final destination), then the intelligent activation module  520  will further allow the GPS module  510  to make regular and unhindered queries of the relevant network to provide such directions in step  850 . 
     Similar queries can be made with regard to distance traveled as may be determined by the GPS module  510  and intelligent activation module  520  or as may be more directly reflected by on-board computer information from the vehicle. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 9 , an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is depicted whereby GPS resources are intelligently utilized using speed information. Activation of the GPS module  510  ( FIG. 5 ) can be made subject to the speed of the mobile device  300 A ( FIG. 3A ) containing the GPS module  510 . That is, a vehicle in which the mobile device  300 A is located and its speed of travel can affect the regularity at which the GPS module  510  is activated or, alternatively, the time at which it is suppressed and prevented from accessing a GPS and/or GSM network. 
     For example, if a vehicle is traveling at 70 miles per hour, it is likely that the vehicle (and the mobile device  300  traveling therein) is traveling on a highway  990  as is reflected in  FIG. 9B . Highway travel, generally, will not require turn-by-turn directions as can be offered by the GPS module  510  as the vehicle is traveling in a mostly direct route from point A to point B. As such, the intelligent activation module  520  in the mobile device  300  can recognize a high speed of travel being equivalent to highway driving, and make an intelligent determination that the user does not require continuous turn-by-turn directions or, at least, providing of location and/or direction at a more sporadic interval. Through the less regular activation of the GPS module  510 , there is a resulting less drain on the battery (i.e., power component  385 ) and network bandwidth resources. 
     A determination of speed can be made in a variety ways. In an exemplary embodiment, the mobile device  300  containing the GPS module  510  can interface directly with the vehicle through an on-board computing device  920  providing information such as speed. This intelligent activation module  520 , based on that speed information, makes a determination  930  of when the GPS module  510  should be activated to make regular and resource intensive queries of the relevant GSM and/or GPS networks. In this instance, the determination  930  will be based on whether the vehicle and mobile device  300  are exceeding a certain speed equated to highway travel therein reflecting the lack of a need for turn-by-turn directions  940  as would be offered through activation of the GPS module  510 . 
     In another embodiment, the GPS module  510  can be activated on a pre-determined schedule or on some other dynamic basis, as might be programmed into the intelligent activation module  520 , to make a quick-determination of location since the previous GPS module  510  activation and locale determination to, in turn, allow for deduction of distance traveled and, based on time elapsed, the average speed for traversing that distance. Based on that speed, the intelligent activation module  520  will determine if regular queries to a GSM and/or GPS network are necessary for turn-by-turn directions. 
     For example, if the GPS module  510  is first activated  950  (e.g., at 1:00 PM) and makes a determination that the mobile device  300  is at one locale and, later, is re-activated  960  (e.g, at 2:00 PM) and determines the mobile device  300  to be at a second locale, the intelligent activation module  520 , through any variety of mathematical algorithms for measuring distance or, alternatively, acquiring such information from, for example, a map database can determine that the distance between the two query points is 75 miles. As the mobile device  300  traveled that 75 mile distance in one hour, the intelligent access module  520  can then determine that the average speed  970  for the mobile device  300  is 75 miles per hour (75 miles/1 hour=75 miles per hour). Recognizing this speed to be indicative of highway travel  980 , the intelligent activation module  520  will instruct the GPS module  510  that turn-by-turn directions are not presently necessary thereby causing the GPS module  510  to shut down (or remain in that state) or to otherwise enter a ‘sleep’ or ‘hibernation’ mode whereby the GPS module  510  will not unnecessarily consume battery power or network bandwidth. If the speed does not exceed a predetermined speed, then the intelligent activation module  520  will permit activation of the GPS module  510  to provide turn-by-turn directions  940 . 
     The intelligent activation module  520 , in this operational setting, can be programmed with a variety of variables. For example, the speed to be equated with highway driving can be determined by the user  910 . That is, the user can program the intelligent activation module  520  to equate travel over a speed of 55 miles per hour with highway or some other locale of travel not requiring regular GPS module activation  520  and providing of turn-by-turn directions. 
     The speed can be set to any speed as, for example, a driver might be generally familiar with city streets in a certain area where the user might travel at speeds of approximately 30-45 miles per hour. The user, however, might be unfamiliar with a certain neighborhood  995  where the user would travel at a speed of only, for example 10-15 miles per hour. In this example, the user might preprogram the intelligent activation module  520  to only activate the GPS module  510  for turn-by-turn directions when the speed is not in excess of 15 miles per hour (that is, the user is on unfamiliar neighborhood streets and requires detailed directions). 
     In an alternative embodiment, the frequency at which queries are made by the GPS module  510  can be made inverse to speed. That is, the slower a vehicle travels, the more frequent the queries of the relevant information network. 
     All of the aforementioned settings and programming of the intelligent activation module  520  can be achieved either by voice instruction, through keypad entry or via a remote terminal that subsequently provides module programming instructions via a wireless transmission. 
     The above-described embodiments are exemplary. One skilled in the art will recognize and appreciate various applications of the disclosed invention beyond those presently described here. This disclosure is not meant to be limiting beyond those limitations as expressly provided in the claims.