Patent Publication Number: US-11642116-B2

Title: Surgical retractor

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Related Application 
     This application claims priority to Taiwanese patent application number 110127063, filed on Jul. 22, 2021, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference herein. 
     Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to a surgical retractor, in particular to a surgical retractor that automatically can adjust the expansion position to achieve the purpose of improving the convenience of use. 
     Description of Related Art 
     The surgical retractor is an auxiliary tool for medical surgery. During the operation, the surgical retractor can be used to expand the human tissue at the surgical site to facilitate the operation of medical personnel. 
     Currently known surgical retractors mainly include a rod body and an expansion device (such as expansion blades, expansion calipers, etc.). The rod body can be installed on external equipment such as operating tables, the expansion device is slidable on the rod body and it is slidingly relative to the rod body. When the expansion device is used to expansion the human tissue of the surgical site in a position, the expansion device is locked on the rod body. 
     As mentioned above, the traditional expansion device must use human power to adjust and lock the position, but the opening size of the human tissue at the surgical site will constantly change during the operation. At this time, the expansion device must also be constantly adjusted by human power to match the ever-changing opening size, that is, the expansion device must be repeatedly loosened and slidable to a position before being locked. 
     Therefore, it can be known that the above-mentioned traditional surgical retractor will cause a burden on medical personnel during the operation, and it is extremely inconvenient to use. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In order to solve the problems of the above-mentioned traditional surgical retractor, the present invention provides a surgical retractor, which includes a mounting base, a first rod member, a connecting member, a compression spring, and a second rod member, an expansion member, an extension spring and a position member. 
     One end of the first rod member is assembled on the mounting base, and the other end of the first rod member includes a blocking part; the connecting member is assembled on the first rod member, and the connecting member includes a shoulder and a first connecting part; the compression spring is arranged on the connecting member and abuts against the shoulder and the blocking part; the second rod member is slidably arranged on the first rod member and slides relative to the first rod member, and one end of the second rod member slides and extends relative to the first rod member; the expansion member is assembled at the end, and the expansion member includes a second connecting parts; the extension spring connects the first connecting part and the second connecting part; the position member is assembled on the second rod member and selectively abuts against the first rod member. 
     With the above-mentioned structural design, the surgical retractor provided in the present invention can automatically adjust the expansion position to achieve the purpose of improving the convenience of use. 
     In one embodiment, the mounting base includes a fixing base and a clamping arm, and the clamping arm extends outward from the fixing base. The aforementioned clamping arm can be clamped and fixed to an external device such as an operating table. 
     In one embodiment, the first rod member includes the end of the blocking part where a blocking piece is fixedly thereof, and the blocking part is formed on the blocking piece. The aforementioned blocking piece can be fixed by welding, snapping, etc., for example. 
     In one embodiment, the first rod member includes a sliding groove, the second rod member includes a sliding key, and the second rod member is slid on the first rod member by the sliding key corresponding to the sliding groove. The aforementioned sliding groove and the sliding key can also be arranged oppositely, that is, the first rod member may include a sliding key, and the second rod member may include a sliding groove. 
     In one embodiment, the sliding key includes a blocking protrusion, and the blocking protrusion is blocked by the blocking piece. In other words, when the first rod member and the second rod member are relatively sliding, the blocking protrusion can be used to stop the blocking piece to prevent the problem of the first rod member and the second rod member from being separated each other due to accidental application of excessive force. 
     In one embodiment, the sliding key includes a gear control member, and the gear control member is selectively arranged at different positions of the sliding key and selectively blocked by the block piece. With the arrangement of the gear position control member, the second rod member can have a gear position control effect with different sliding distances when the second rod member slides relative to the first rod member. 
     In one embodiment, the gear control member is a screw, of course, it can also be a structural design such as a bolt or a locking pin. 
     In one embodiment, the connecting member includes a series part and a parallel part, the series part is formed with the shoulder and the first connecting part; the compression spring includes a left compression spring and a right compression, and the left compression spring and the right compression spring are arranged at the parallel part in parallel. 
     In one embodiment, the expansion member includes an expansion blade, a suction tube, and a fixing member that are assembled with each other, and the fixing member is formed with the second connecting part. The aforementioned suction tube can be connected with a suction line to discharge the exhaust gas generated during the operation (for example, using electric burning). 
     In one embodiment, the position member is a knob, and the knob is screwed on the second rod member and selectively abuts against the first rod member. The aforementioned knob can also be a structural design such as a clamping arm and a locking pin. 
     In one embodiment, the first rod member and the second rod member are each a tubular member, and the second rod is a tube-sleeved outside the first rod member. 
     The present invention provides another surgical retractor, which includes a mounting base, a sliding sheet, an expansion member, a shaft member, two connecting rod members, and a bush. Wherein, the mounting base defines a longitudinal direction and includes a blade body; the sliding sheet is attached to the mounting base and slides along the longitudinal direction relative to the mounting base; the expansion member includes two expansion blades, the two expansion blades are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the mounting base and pivoted relative to the mounting base; the shaft is attached to the mounting base and slides along the longitudinal direction relative to the mounting base and rotates around the longitudinal direction, and the shaft member includes a shaft cam, the shaft cam electively abuts against the blade body; the two connecting rod members are respectively connected between the shaft member and the two expansion blades; the bush is arranged on the mounting base and rotates around the longitudinal direction, and the bush includes a bush cam, the bush cam selectively abuts against the blade body. 
     In one embodiment, the mounting base is provided with a hollow rod member along the longitudinal direction; the surgical retractor further includes a suction tube, a part of the suction tube is attached in the hollow rod member and slides relative to the hollow rod member. 
     In one embodiment, the sliding sheet is provided with a suction tube clamp, and the suction tube clamp clamps the suction tube. 
     In one embodiment, the shaft member and the bush are arranged coaxially. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG.  2    is another perspective view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG.  3    is an exploded view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG.  4    is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG.  5    is another cross-sectional view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG.  6    is one of the schematic diagrams of the use state of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG.  7    is the second schematic diagram of the use state of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG.  8 A  is one of the schematic diagrams of the first gear change of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG.  8 B  is the second schematic diagram of the first gear change of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG.  9 A  is one of the schematic diagrams of the second gear change of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG.  9 B  is the second schematic diagram of the second gear change of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG.  10    is a perspective view of another preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG.  11    is a perspective view of another preferred embodiment of the present invention from another perspective. 
         FIG.  12    is one of the schematic diagrams of the use state of another preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG.  13    is the second schematic diagram of the use state of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein two expansion blades are shown in a folded state. 
         FIG.  14    is the third schematic diagram of the use state of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein two expansion blades are shown in the unfolded state. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Please refer to  FIGS.  1  to  5    at the same time, wherein  FIG.  1    is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention,  FIG.  2    is another perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and  FIG.  3    is an exploded view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The exploded view of the preferred embodiment,  FIG.  4    is a cross-sectional view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and  FIG.  5    is another cross-sectional view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     A surgical retractor  1  is shown in  FIGS.  1  to  5   , and the surgical retractor  1  includes a mounting base  11 , a first rod member  12 , a connecting member  14 , a compression spring  15 , a second rod member  13 , an expansion member  16 , an extension spring  17  and a position member  18 . 
     In this embodiment, the first rod member  12  and the second rod member  13  are respectively a tubular member, such as a circular tubular member as shown in the drawings, and the second rod member  13  is sleeved on the outside of the first rod member  12 , at the same time, the second rod member  13  is slidably disposed on the first rod member  12  and slides relative to the first rod member  12 , and when the second rod member  13  slides relative to the first rod member  12 , one end  131  of the second rod member  13  slides and extends out relative to the first rod member  12 . In the accompanying drawings,  FIGS.  1  and  2    are perspective views showing the second rod member  13  sliding to different positions relative to the first rod member  12  (return to zero position in  FIG.  1    and the open position in  FIG.  2   ).  FIGS.  4  and  5    are cross-sectional views showing different sliding positions corresponding to  FIGS.  1  and  2   . 
     In terms of structural design, the first rod member  12  and the second rod member  13  are not limited to the circular tubular member described in this embodiment, that is, the first rod member  12  and the second rod member  13  can be any rod-shaped body, and its cross-section is not limited to any shape. 
     In addition, as shown in  FIGS.  1  to  5   , one end of the first rod member  12  is assembled on the mounting base  11 , and the other end of the first rod member  12  includes a blocking part  121  where a blocking piece  122  is fixedly thereof, and the blocking part  121  is formed on the blocking piece  122 . The aforementioned blocking piece  122  can be fixed by welding, snapping, etc., for example. 
     In this embodiment, the mounting base  11  includes a fixing base  112  and a clamping arm  111 , and the clamping arm  111  extends outward from the fixing base  112 . The aforementioned fixing base  112  is provided with a limiting block  113 , which can be used to limit the sliding position of the second rod member  13  relative to the first rod member  12 . In addition, the aforementioned clamping arm  111  can be used to be clamped and fixed to an external device such as an operating table (not shown). 
     In the structural design of the relative sliding movement of the first rod member  12  and the second rod member  13 , as shown in the figure, the first rod member  12  includes a sliding groove  123 , and the second rod member  13  includes a sliding key  133 . The second rod member  13  is slidably disposed on the first rod  12  by sliding the sliding key  133  to the sliding groove  123  correspondingly. The aforementioned sliding key  133  includes a blocking protrusion  134 . The blocking protrusion  134  is screw-locked to the sliding key  133  with two screws  136 , and the blocking protrusion  134  is blocked by the blocking piece  122 . That is, when the first rod member  12  and the second rod member  13  slide relatively, the blocking protrusion  134  can block the blocking piece  122  to prevent the first rod member  12  and the second rod member  13  from being disengaged by excessive force. The sliding distance of the second rod member  13  relative to the first rod member  12  can be limited. 
     As shown in  FIGS.  1  to  5   , the connecting member  14  is assembled to the first rod member  12 , and the connecting member  14  includes a shoulder  141  and a first connecting part  142 , and the compression spring  15  is arranged on the connecting member  14  and abuts against the shoulder  141  and the blocking part  121  of the first rod member  12 . 
     In this embodiment, the connecting member  14  includes a series part  143  and a parallel part  144 , and the series part  143  is formed between the aforementioned shoulder  141  and the first connecting part  142 ; the compression spring  15  includes a left compression spring  151  and a right compression spring  152 , and the left compression spring  151  and the right compression spring  152  are arranged in parallel at the parallel part  144  of the connecting member  14 . 
     In addition, the expansion member  16  shown in  FIGS.  1  to  5    is assembled at the end  131  of the second rod member  13 , for example, an assembly seat  165  is assembled at the end  131  of the second rod member  13 , and the expansion member  16  includes a second connecting part  161 ; the extension spring  17  connects the first connecting part  142  and the second connecting part  161 ; the position member  18  is assembled to the second rod member  13  and selectively abuts against the first rod member  12 . 
     In this embodiment, the expansion member  16  includes an expansion blade  162 , a suction tube  163 , and a fixing member  164 , and the fixing member  164  is formed with a second connecting part  161 . In addition, the position member  18  is a knob, and the knob is screwed on the second rod member  13  and selectively screwed against the first rod member  12 . 
     Please refer to  FIGS.  6  and  7    at the same time.  FIG.  6    is one of the schematic diagrams of the use state of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and  FIG.  7    is the second schematic diagram of the use state of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Please also refer to  FIG.  1    to  FIG.  5   . 
     In use, the clamping arm  111  can be clamped and fixed to the holder  21  of an external device such as an operating table (not shown), and the suction tube  163  is connected to a suction line  22 . The connecting part  166  of the suction tube  163  for connecting the suction line  22  has a wavy shape, so that the suction tube  163  can be tightly connected to the suction line  22  to prevent fluid leakage. Then, as shown by the directional arrow in  FIG.  7   , the second rod member  13  is forced to slide to a position relative to the first rod member  12 , that is, the second rod member  13  slides to the human tissue at the surgical site (not shown in the figure), and make the expansion blade  162  abut the human tissue of the surgical site. The expansion blade  162  is expanded and the elastic force of the compression spring  15  is used. Then, the extension spring  17  expands the human tissue of the surgical site to facilitate the operation of medical staff. 
     During the operation, the size of the opening of the human tissue at the surgical site may be constantly changing. The elastic force of the compression spring  15  and the extension spring  17  can be used to continuously abuts the human tissue at the surgical site where the expansion blade  162  keeps it open. In other words, the medical staff does not need to constantly adjust the surgical retractor  1  by human power during the operation, that is, the medical staff can concentrate on the operation. 
     Therefore, it can be seen from the above that, with the above structural design, the surgical retractor  1  can automatically adjust the expanding position to achieve the purpose of improving the convenience of use. 
     In addition, if it is desired to fix the expansion blade  162  at a certain position, after the second rod member  13  slides to the aforementioned position relative to the first rod member  12 , the position member  18  (in this embodiment, is the knob) abuts (in this embodiment, the screw is turned and pressed, as shown by the rotating arrow in  FIGS.  5  and  7   ) the first rod member  12 , so that the second rod member  13  can be fixed relative to the first rod member  12  at the aforementioned position, that is, the expansion blade  162  can be fixed at the aforementioned position. 
     Please refer to  FIG.  8 A ,  FIG.  8 B ,  FIG.  9 A  and  FIG.  9 B  at the same time, wherein  FIG.  8 A  is one of the schematic diagrams of the first gear change of the preferred embodiment of the present invention,  FIG.  8 B  is the second schematic diagram of the first gear change in the preferred embodiment of the present invention,  FIG.  9 A  is one of the schematic diagrams of the second gear change of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and  FIG.  9 B  is the second schematic diagram of the second gear change in the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Please also refer to  FIGS.  1  to  5    at the same time. 
     In this embodiment, the sliding key  133  of the second rod member  13  includes a gear control member  135 , and the gear control member  135  is selectively placed at different positions of the sliding key  133  and is selectively blocked by the blocking piece  122 . The aforementioned gear control member  135  is a screw in this embodiment. 
     In detail, the gear control member  135  can be set in different positions of the sliding key  133 , such as the first gear position shown in  FIGS.  8 A and  8 B  and the second gear position shown in  FIGS.  9 A and  9 B , when the second rod member  13  slides relative to the first rod member  12 , that is, when the sliding key  133  slides in the sliding groove  123  correspondingly, the gear control member  135  on the sliding key  133  can be used to block the blocking piece  122  of the first rod member  12 . Because the gear control member  135  is selectively arranged on different positions of the sliding key  133  to produce different distance changes, the sliding distance of the second rod member  13  relative to the first rod member  12  therefore produces different changes (as shown in  FIG.  8 A  and  FIG.  9 A ). 
     According to actual needs, the gear control member  135  unnecessarily is blocked by the blocking piece  122  of the first rod member  12 , and the gear control member  135  can be set to a height (For example, in this embodiment, the gear control member  135  (screw) is screwed up). When the second rod member  13  slides relative to the first rod member  12 , the gear control member  135  can go over the blocking piece  122  of the first rod member  12  without being blocked by the blocking piece  122  (as shown in  FIG.  8 B  and  FIG.  9 B ). 
     Please refer to  FIGS.  10  and  11    at the same time, wherein  FIG.  10    is a perspective view of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and  FIG.  11    is a perspective view of another preferred embodiment of the present invention from another perspective. 
     As shown in  FIG.  10    and  FIG.  11   , the surgical retractor  3  of another embodiment includes a mounting base  31 , a sliding sheet  32 , an expansion member  33 , a shaft member  34 , and two connecting rod members  35  and a bush  36 . Wherein, the mounting base  31  defines a longitudinal direction  311  and includes a blade body  312 ; the sliding sheet  32  is attached to the mounting base  31  and slides along the longitudinal direction  311  relative to the mounting base  31 ; the expansion member  33  includes two expansion blades  331 , which are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the mounting base  31  and pivoted relative to the mounting base  31 ; the shaft member  34  is arranged on the mounting base  31  and is relative to the mounting base  31 , the shaft member  34  slides in the longitudinal direction  311  and rotates around the longitudinal direction  311 , and the shaft member  34  includes a shaft cam  341 , the shaft cam  341  selectively abuts against the blade body  312 ; two connecting rod members  35  (in  FIG.  11   , because of the viewing angle relationship only shows one of the connecting rod members  35 ) are respectively connected between the shaft member  34  and the two expansion blades  331 ; the bush  36  is arranged on the mounting base  31  and rotates around the longitudinal direction  311 , and the bush  36  includes a bushing cam  361 , which selectively abuts against the blade body  312 . The aforementioned shaft member  34  and the bush  36  are coaxially arranged in this embodiment. 
     As shown in  FIG.  11   , in this embodiment, the mounting base  31  is provided with a hollow rod member  313  along the longitudinal direction  311 , and the surgical retractor  3  further includes a suction tube  37 . A part of the suction tube  37  is arranged in the hollow rod member  313  and slides relative to the hollow rod member  313 . In addition, the aforementioned sliding sheet  32  is provided with a suction tube clamp  321 , and the suction tube clamp  321  clamps the suction tube  37 . 
     The above-mentioned surgical retractor  3  can have different usage states in actual use, as detailed below. 
     Please refer to  FIG.  12   , which is one of the schematic diagrams of the use state of another preferred embodiment of the present invention. Please also refer to  FIG.  10    and  FIG.  11    at the same time. The rear part of the mounting base  31  is not shown for easy description. 
     As shown in  FIG.  12   , in one of the use states, the user (not shown) can hold the sliding sheet  32  with one hand and the bush  36  with the other hand, so that the mounting base  31  and the blade body  312  installed therein and the two expansion blades  331  move downwards, while the sliding sheet  32  moves relatively upwards, and while moving downwards, the suction tube  37  is clamped by the suction tube clamp  321 , and the hollow rod member  313  is also following the downward movement of the mounting base  31  (including the blade body  312 ), that is, a part of the suction tube  37  slides upward relative to the hollow rod member  313 , so that the purpose of the suction tube  37  can be expanded and contracted freely. When moving to the required position, the bush  36  is rotated in the direction of the arrow shown in  FIG.  12   , the bush  36  rotates around the longitudinal direction  311 , until the bush cam  361  abuts the blade body  312  to achieve clamping. The purpose is to make the blade body  312  immobile; on the contrary, rotating the bush  36  around the longitudinal direction  311  in the opposite direction can make the bush cam  361  separate from the blade body  312  and make the blade body  312  movable. 
     Please refer to  FIG.  13    and  FIG.  14    at the same time.  FIG.  13    is the second schematic diagram of the use state of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, which shows that the two expansion blades are in a folded state.  FIG.  14    is the third schematic diagram of the use state of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, which shows that the two expansion blades are in the unfolded state, and please refer to  FIG.  10    and  FIG.  11    at the same time. Similarly, the rear part of the mounting base  31  is not shown in  FIGS.  13  and  14    for easy description. 
     In another use state, the shaft member  34  can be slid along the longitudinal direction  311  relative to the mounting base  31  to drive the two connecting rod members  35  to respectively drive the two expansion blades  331  to pivot relative to the mounting base  31 . In detail, when the shaft member  34  is moved downward, the sliding of the shaft member  34  will drive the two connecting rod members  35  to move, because the two expansion blades  331  are respectively (for example, by a pivot shaft) provided on the two opposite sides of the mounting base  31  and respectively pivot relative to the mounting base  31 , so the two connecting rod members  35  will drive the two expansion blades  331  to expand, as shown in  FIG.  14   ; on the contrary, when the shaft member  34  is moved upward, the two expansion blades  331  will be folded due to the driving of the two connecting rod members  35 , as shown in  FIG.  13   . Similarly, when the shaft member  34  is moved and the two expansion blades  331  are expanded or folded to the required position, the shaft member  34  is rotated in the direction of the arrow shown in  FIGS.  13  and  14    until the shaft cam  341  abuts against the blade body  312  to achieve the purpose of clamping, so that the two expansion blades  331  are fixed in the desired position; on the contrary, like the bush  36  described above, rotating the shaft member  34  in the opposite direction can disengage the shaft cam  341  without abutting against the blade body  312 . 
     From  FIG.  12   ,  FIG.  13    and  FIG.  14   , it can be seen that the expansion and folding of the two expansion blades  331  is not related to the movement of the blade body  312 , and the two actions can be operated independently, that is, the expansion and folding of two expansion blades  331  is related to the movement of the shaft member  34  (and its shaft cam  341 ). The relative up and down movement and fixing of the blade body  312  and the sliding sheet  32  are related to the bush  36  (and its bush cam  361 ). 
     In addition, in actual use, the above-mentioned surgical retractor  3  can be made of stainless steel, which can easily complete the disinfection operation after medical use. In addition, the above-mentioned surgical retractor  3  has a lot of large-area space in actual design, so blood stains contaminated during the operation can be brushed off, that is, the above-mentioned surgical retractor  3  can facilitate the brush to brush up and down, so as to reduce the disinfection time. 
     The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall include within the protection scope of the present invention.