Patent Publication Number: US-2022232487-A1

Title: Enhanced power control for high priority (hp) and low priority (lp) uplink (ul) transmission multiplexing

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S) 
     This application claims benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63/138,040, filed Jan. 15, 2021 which is hereby assigned to the assignee hereof and hereby expressly incorporated by reference herein in its entirety as if fully set forth below and for all applicable purposes. 
    
    
     INTRODUCTION 
     Aspects of the present disclosure relate to wireless communications, and more particularly, to techniques for enhanced power control for high priority (HP) and low priority (LP) uplink (UL) transmission multiplexing. 
     Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, broadcasts, or other similar types of services. These wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources with those users (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, or other resources). Multiple-access technologies can rely on any of code division, time division, frequency division orthogonal frequency division, single-carrier frequency division, or time division synchronous code division, to name a few. These and other multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless devices to communicate on a municipal, national, regional, and even global level. 
     Although wireless communication systems have made great technological advancements over many years, challenges still exist. For example, complex and dynamic environments can still attenuate or block signals between wireless transmitters and wireless receivers, undermining various established wireless channel measuring and reporting mechanisms, which are used to manage and optimize the use of finite wireless channel resources. Consequently, there exists a need for further improvements in wireless communications systems to overcome various challenges. 
     SUMMARY 
     One aspect provides a method of wireless communications, comprising: multiplexing a first uplink control information (UCI) and a second UCI on a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), wherein the first UCI has a first priority and the second UCI has a second priority; computing a transmit power for transmitting the PUCCH based on a first set of one or more power control parameters associated with the first UCI and a second set of one or more power control parameters associated with the second UCI; and transmitting the PUCCH in accordance with the transmit power. 
     Another aspect provides a method of wireless communications, comprising: multiplexing a first UCI and a second UCI on a PUCCH, wherein the first UCI has a first priority and the second UCI has a second priority; computing a transmit power based on a total number of bits of the first and second UCI multiplexed in the PUCCH; and transmitting the PUCCH in accordance with the transmit power 
     Another aspect provides a method of wireless communications, comprising: multiplexing a first UCI and a second UCI on a PUCCH, wherein the first UCI has a first priority and the second UCI has a second priority, wherein the first priority is higher than the second priority; computing a transmit power based on one or more power control parameters associated with the first UCI; and transmitting the PUCCH in accordance with the transmit power. 
     Other aspects provide: an apparatus operable, configured, or otherwise adapted to perform the aforementioned one or more methods as well as those described elsewhere herein; non-transitory, computer-readable media comprising instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a processing system, cause the processing system to perform the aforementioned one or more methods as well as those described elsewhere herein; a computer program product embodied on a computer readable storage medium comprising code for performing the aforementioned one or more methods as well as those described elsewhere herein; and an apparatus comprising means for performing the aforementioned one or more methods as well as those described elsewhere herein. By way of example, an apparatus may comprise a processing system, a device with a processing system, or processing systems cooperating over one or more networks. 
     The following description and the appended figures set forth certain features for purposes of illustration. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 
       The appended figures depict certain features of the various aspects described herein and are not to be considered limiting of the scope of this disclosure. 
         FIG. 1  is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example wireless communication network. 
         FIG. 2  is a block diagram conceptually illustrating aspects of an example base station (BS) and an example user equipment (UE). 
         FIGS. 3A-3D  depict various example aspects of data structures for a wireless communication network. 
         FIG. 4  is a flow diagram depicting an example method for enhanced power control by a UE. 
         FIG. 5  depicts an example data flow between a UE and a BS for power control when transmitting a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) with a multiplexed payload. 
         FIG. 6  depicts an example data flow between a UE and a BS for power control, when transmitting a PUCCH with a multiplexed payload, using a common open loop power control parameter. 
         FIG. 7  depicts an example data flow between a UE and a BS for power control, when transmitting a PUCCH with a multiplexed payload, using different open loop power control parameters. 
         FIG. 8  depicts an example data flow between a UE and a BS for power control, when transmitting a PUCCH with a multiplexed payload, based on an effective coding rate based on a total number of uplink control information (UCI) bits. 
         FIG. 9  is a flow diagram depicting an example method for enhanced power control by a UE. 
         FIG. 10  is a flow diagram depicting an example method for enhanced power control by a UE. 
         FIG. 11  depicts aspects of an example communications device. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     5G wireless communication networks may support various advanced wireless communication services, such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), millimeter wave (mmW), machine type communications (MTC), and/or mission critical targeting ultra-reliable, low-latency communications (URLLC). Such services typically have different priorities with different latency and reliability requirements. For example, URLLC traffic typically has higher priority than eMBB traffic. 
     Occasionally, both high priority (HP) and low priority (LP) traffic may be scheduled to be sent on the same time and frequency resources, resulting in a condition referred to as a collision. For example, HP uplink control information (UCI) and LP UCI may be scheduled on colliding physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) resources. 
     In some systems (e.g., NR 3GPP Release 16), when HP and LP UCI collide, the LP uplink (UL) transmission may simply be dropped. In other systems (e.g., NR 3GPP Release 17), however, the HP UCI and LP UCI may be multiplexed in a common PUCCH. The transmit power of a PUCCH transmission depends on the effective coding rate of the transmission. Thus, this presents a challenge when multiplexing HP and LP UCI, given the HP UCI and LP UCI may be separately encoded, resulting in different coding rates. 
     Aspects of the present disclosure, however, provide various techniques for determining the transmit power when HP UCI and LP UCI are multiplexed in a PUCCH transmission. As a result, transmit power may be flexibly controlled, which may help ensure successful delivery of higher priority control information, while still delivering lower priority control information, when possible. This may also help avoid needlessly dropping control information, while still avoiding increasing transmit power unnecessarily. 
     Introduction to Wireless Communication Networks 
       FIG. 1  depicts an example of a wireless communication network  100 , in which aspects described herein may be implemented. 
     Generally, wireless communication network  100  includes base stations (BSs)  102 , user equipments (UEs)  104 , an Evolved Packet Core (EPC)  160 , and core network  190  (e.g., a 5G Core (5GC)), which interoperate to provide wireless communications services. 
     BSs  102  may provide an access point to the EPC  160  and/or core network  190  for a UE  104 , and may perform one or more of the following functions: transfer of user data, radio channel ciphering and deciphering, integrity protection, header compression, mobility control functions (e.g., handover, dual connectivity), inter-cell interference coordination, connection setup and release, load balancing, distribution for non-access stratum (NAS) messages, NAS node selection, synchronization, radio access network (RAN) sharing, multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS), subscriber and equipment trace, RAN information management (RIM), paging, positioning, delivery of warning messages, among other functions. BSs  102  may include and/or be referred to as a gNB, Node B, eNB, an access point (AP), a base transceiver station, a radio base station, a radio transceiver, or a transceiver function, or a transmit reception point (TRP) in various contexts. 
     BSs  102  wirelessly communicate with UEs  104  via communications links  120 . Each of BSs  102  may provide communication coverage for a respective geographic coverage area  110 , which may overlap in some cases. For example, small cell  102 ′ (e.g., a low-power BS) may have a coverage area  110 ′ that overlaps the coverage area  110  of one or more macrocells (e.g., high-power BS). 
     The communication links  120  between BSs  102  and UEs  104  may include uplink (UL) (also referred to as reverse link) transmissions from a UE  104  to a BS  102  and/or downlink (DL) (also referred to as forward link) transmissions from a BS  102  to a UE  104 . The communication links  120  may use multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and/or transmit diversity in various aspects. 
     Examples of UEs  104  include a cellular phone, a smart phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a satellite radio, a global positioning system, a multimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player, a camera, a game console, a tablet, a smart device, a wearable device, a vehicle, an electric meter, a gas pump, a large or small kitchen appliance, a healthcare device, an implant, a sensor/actuator, a display, or other similar devices. Some of UEs  104  may be internet of things (IoT) devices (e.g., parking meter, gas pump, toaster, vehicles, heart monitor, or other IoT devices), always on (AON) devices, or edge processing devices. UEs  104  may also be referred to more generally as a station, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communications device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, or a client. 
     Wireless communication network  100  includes power control component  199 , which may be used to configure one or more sets of power control parameters between BSs  102  and UEs  104 . Wireless network  100  further includes power control component  198 , which may be used by UEs  104  to compute the transmit power for transmitting a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) with a multiplexed payload. 
       FIG. 2  depicts aspects of an example BS  102  and an example UE  104 . 
     Generally, BS  102  includes various processors (e.g.,  220 ,  230 ,  238 , and  240 ), antennas  234   a - t,  transceivers  232   a - t,  and other aspects, which are involved in transmission of data (e.g., source data  212 ) and reception of data (e.g., data sink  239 ). For example, BS  102  may send and receive data between itself and UE  104 . BS  102  includes controller/processor  240 , which comprises power control component  241 . Power control component  241  may be configured to implement BS  102  power control component  199  of  FIG. 1 . 
     Generally, UE  104  includes various processors (e.g.,  258 ,  264 ,  266 , and  280 ), antennas  252   a - r,  transceivers  254   a - r,  and other aspects, involved in transmission of data (e.g., source data  262 ) and reception of data (e.g., data sink  260 ). UE  104  includes controller/processor  280 , which comprises power control component  281 . Power control component  281  may be configured to implement UE  104  power control component  198  of  FIG. 1 . 
       FIGS. 3A-3D  depict aspects of data structures for a wireless communication network, such as wireless communication network  100  of  FIG. 1 . In particular,  FIG. 3A  is a diagram  300  illustrating an example of a first subframe within a 5G (e.g., 5G NR) frame structure,  FIG. 3B  is a diagram  330  illustrating an example of DL channels within a 5G subframe,  FIG. 3C  is a diagram  350  illustrating an example of a second subframe within a 5G frame structure, and  FIG. 3D  is a diagram  380  illustrating an example of UL channels within a 5G subframe. 
     Further discussions regarding  FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 2 , and  FIGS. 3A-3D  are provided later in this disclosure. 
     Aspects Related to Enhanced Power Control for High Priority (HP) and Low Priority (LP) Uplink (UL) Transmission Multiplexing 
     As mentioned above, typical usage scenarios for 5G may include enhanced Mobile Broad Band (eMBB), massive Machine Type Communications (mMTC), which realizes large numbers of simultaneous connections, and Ultra-Reliable and Low-Latency Communications (URLLC). These services, and others, may include latency and reliability requirements. 
     End-to-end (E2E) latency requirements may be concerned with over-the-air (OTA) transmission delay, queuing delay, processing/computing delay and retransmissions, when needed, while reliability requirements may be concerned with the capability of transmitting a given amount of traffic within a predetermined time duration with high success probability. 
     In New Radio (NR), 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release 16, downlink (DL) preemption, which already existed in 3GPP Release 15, was extended to include uplink (UL) transmissions. More specifically, Release 16 defines two priority levels in the UL to serve traffics with different latency and reliability requirements, such as eMBB and URLLC. For example, a low priority (LP) may be defined for eMBB communications while a high priority (HP) may be defined for URLLC. 
     Scheduling approaches in 3GPP Release 16 focus on such priority-based transmissions to define UL traffic rules. As noted above, in a case where transmissions of at least two UL transmissions are in conflict, the UL transmission with the lower priority may be preempted. For example, LP UL transmission(s) (e.g., physical uplink control channel (PUCCH)/physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) may be dropped when colliding with HP UL transmission(s) in a same PUCCH group. 
     Uplink control information (UCI) messages may include, for example, hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) feedback, channel state information (CSI), and a scheduling request (SR). These message maybe encoded and transmitted via a PUCCH. UCI may be HP or LP, and in some cases HP and LP UCI may be multiplexed in a PUCCH. NR 3GPP Release 17 defines when a UE may need to multiplex both a LP UCI and a HP UCI in a PUCCH. 
     Transmit power of a PUCCH transmission is computed by the UE prior to transmission of the PUCCH. In wireless systems, one of the main challenges may include adapting the transmitting signal to overcome the variations of the wireless channel. Power control may be used to limit the interference level. Thus, UL power control generally refers to the ability of a transmitter UE to sets its output power in accordance with channel quality. For example, transmit power may be increased to meet required a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or a bit error rate (BER) at a wireless node (e.g., BS), while transmit power may be decreased to minimize co-channel interference of the 5G system. Two types of power controls may include open loop power control and closed loop power control. 
     NR defines a power control equation for the transmit power (P PUCCH ) from a UE for a PUCCH: 
         P   PUCCH =min{ P   c,max   , P   0 ( j )+ PL ( q )+10log 10 (2 μ   M   RB )+Δ F +Δ TF   +g (ι)}
 
     where P c,max  is the maximum transmit power, P 0 (j) is an open loop power control parameter (e.g., that indicates an intended receive power at the BS), PL(q) is the path-loss measured by DL reference signals (RSs) where q is the path-loss index (useful for beam-based power control), M RB  is the number of resource blocks (RBs) of the PUCCH transmission (i.e., bandwidth), Δ F  is an RRC configured parameter specific for a PUCCH format, Δ TF  is a delta power based on a spectral efficiency of a PUCCH, and g(ι) is a closed-loop power control. 
     Parameter Δ TF  may be calculated based on a total number of bits in the UCI. When the total number of bits in the UCI is greater than eleven, Δ TF  may be determined by: 
       Δ TF =10log 10 ((2 BPRE·K     2   −1))
 
     where K 2 =2.4. When the total number of bits in the UCI is less than or equal to eleven, Δ TF  may be determined by: 
       Δ TF =10log 10 ( BPRE·K   1 )
 
     As shown, Δ TF  may be a function of Bits Per Resource Element (BPRE). BPRE generally represents the effective coding rate (also referred to as the spectral efficiency) of the PUCCH determined by the following equation: 
     
       
         
           
             
               B 
               ⁢ 
               P 
               ⁢ 
               R 
               ⁢ 
               E 
             
             = 
             
               
                 ♯ 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                     
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 UCI 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                     
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 including 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                     
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 CRC 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                     
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 bits 
               
               
                 N 
                 
                   R 
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                   E 
                 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     where N RE  denotes the number of resource elements (REs) used to transmit the number of UCI (and cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bits). 
     Accordingly, the transmit power of a PUCCH may depend on the effective code rate of transmission, as described by the power control equation above. However, because UCIs assigned different priorities may be separately encoded, different rates may be associated with each UCI. 
     Aspects described herein provide techniques for enhanced power control for HP and LP UL transmission multiplexing, and more particularly to, techniques for the computation of transmit power when a first UCI, assigned a first priority (e.g., LP), and a second UCI, assigned a second priority (e.g., HP), are multiplexed in a PUCCH transmission. In some aspects, the first UCI and the second UCI may be separately encoded. 
     Example Methods of Enhanced Power Control for High Priority (HP) and Low Priority (LP) Uplink (UL) Transmission Multiplexing 
       FIG. 4  is a flow diagram depicting an example method  400  for enhanced power control for multiplexing uplink (UL) transmissions of different priority, such as HP and LP uplink control information (UCI). Method  400  may be understood with reference to data flow  500  of  FIG. 5  which depicts an example data flow between a user equipment (UE) and a base station (BS) for power control when transmitting a PUCCH with a multiplexed payload. 
     In some cases, a UE (e.g., UE  104  in wireless communication network  100  of  FIG. 1 ), or a portion thereof, may perform, or be configured, operable, or adapted to perform, operations of method  400 . In some cases, operations of method  400  may be implemented as software components (e.g., power control component  281  of  FIG. 2 ) that are executed and run on one or more processors (e.g., controller/processor  280  of  FIG. 2 ). Signals involved in the operations may be transmitted or received by the UE by one or more antennas (e.g., antennas  252  of  FIG. 2 ), or via a bus interface of one or more processors (e.g., the controller/processor  280 ) obtaining and/or outputting the signals. 
       FIG. 4  depicts one example of a method consistent with the disclosure herein, but other examples are possible, which may include additional or alternative steps, or which omit certain steps. The various examples discussed with respect to  FIG. 4  are illustrative and not meant to limit the scope of method  400 . 
     While method  400  may be understood with reference to data flow  500  of  FIG. 5 , further details for power control when transmitting a PUCCH with a multiplexed payload may be depicted in data flows  600 ,  700 , and  800  of  FIGS. 6, 7, and 8 , respectively. 
     Method  400  begins at step  410  with a UE multiplexing a first uplink control information (UCI) and a second UCI in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), wherein the first UCI has a first priority and the second UCI has a second priority. As shown in  FIG. 5 , at step  410 , the first UCI may be a LP UCI while the second UCI may be a HP UCI. In NR, an example of a HP UCI is a UCI associated with a priority index of 1, while an example of an LP UCI is a UCI associated with a priority index of 0. Accordingly, the first UCI may be an LP UCI associated with a priority index of 0 while the second UCI may be an HP UCI associated with a priority index of 1 (or vice-versa). At step  410 , a UE (e.g., such as UE  104  illustrated in  FIGS. 1 and 2 ) may multiplex the first UCI (e.g., LP UCI) and the second UCI (e.g., HP UCI) in a PUCCH. 
     In some cases, the first UCI and the second UCI may be separately encoded. In some cases, the first UCI and the second UCI may be jointly encoded. 
     Method  400  then proceeds to step  420  with the UE computing a transmit power based on a first set of one or more power control parameters associated with the first UCI and a second set of one or more power control parameters associated with the second UCI. In other words, as shown in  FIG. 5 , at step  420 , the UE may compute a transmit power for transmitting the PUCCH based on a first set of one or more power control parameters associated with the LP UCI and a second set of one or more power control parameters associated with the HP UCI. 
     Further, as shown in the data flow  500  of  FIG. 5 , prior to step  410  and step  420 , at step  505 , UE may receive, from a BS (e.g., such as BS  102  illustrated in  FIGS. 1 and 2 ), a PUCCH resource configuration (e.g., via a system information block (SIB) broadcast transmission). The PUCCH resource configuration may indicate the one or more power control parameters for the first set of power control parameters associated with the first UCI and one or more power control parameters for the second set of power control parameters associated with the second UCI. The PUCCH resource configuration may include one or more open loop power control parameters (P 0 ) associated with a PUCCH resource. 
     Additionally, the UE, prior to steps  410  and  420 , may receive one or more radio resource control (RRC) parameters, via RRC signaling, for use in computing the transmit power (e.g., Δ F  for a PUCCH format). 
     Method  400  then proceeds to step  430  with transmitting the PUCCH in accordance with the transmit power. Accordingly, as depicted in data flow  500  of  FIG. 5 , at  430 , the UE transmits the PUCCH (with the multiplexed payload) to the BS. 
     Various methods of computing the transmit power may be considered for power control of the multiplexed payload. In some cases, as illustrated in the data flows shown in  FIGS. 6 and 7 , computing the transmit power may include computing a first transmit power for the first UCI, computing a second transmit power for the second UCI, and selecting a maximum of the first and second transmit powers for transmitting the PUCCH. 
     As depicted in the data flow  600  of  FIG. 6 , in some cases, a UE may be configured (at step  605 ) with a common open loop power control parameter (common P 0 ). The common open loop power control parameter (common P 0 ) may be associated with a PUCCH resource used to transmit the PUCCH. At step  610 , the UE may multiplex an LP UCI and an HP UCI. At step  620 , the UE may compute transmit power separately for the LP UCI (P LP ) and the HP UCI (P HP ) using the common P 0 . Further, computation of the LP UCI (P LP ) and the HP UCI (P HP ) may be computed using a first effective coding rate (e.g., spectral efficiency or Bits Per Resource Element (BPRE)) associated with the LP UCI and a second effective coding rate associated with the HP UCI, respectively. At step  630 , the UE may then transmit the PUCCH with the multiplexed HP UCI and LP UCI using the maximum of the transmit powers separately calculated using the common P 0 , and, in some cases, different effective coding rates associated with each of the LP and HP UCI (e.g., P PUCCH =max{P LP , P HP }). 
     Alternatively, as depicted in data flow  700  of  FIG. 7 , in some cases, a UE may be configured (at step  705 ) with separate open loop power control parameters (P 0−LP  and P 0−HP ) rather than a common P 0 . At step  710 , the UE may multiplex an LP UCI and an HP UCI. At step  720 , the UE may then compute transmit power for the HP UCI (P HP ) using P 0−HP  and an effective coding rate associated with the HP UCI. The UE may compute transmit power for the LP UCI (P LP ) using P 0−LP  and an effective coding rate associated with the LP UCI. At step  730 , the UE may then transmit the PUCCH with the multiplexed HP UCI and LP UCI using the maximum of the transmit powers separately calculated using the separate open loop power control parameters (P 0−LP  and P 0−HP ). 
     The separate open loop power control parameters may be associated with (configured for) a PUCCH resource used to transmit the PUCCH. As an alternative, the open loop power control parameter (P 0−HP ) used to calculate the transmit power for the HP UCI (P HP ) may be associated with a PUCCH resource that was scheduled to transmit the HP UCI, while the open loop power control parameter (P 0−LP ) used to calculate the transmit power for the LP UCI (P LP ) may be associated with a PUCCH resource that was scheduled to transmit the LP UCI. 
       FIG. 8  depicts an example data flow  800  between a UE and a BS for power control, when transmitting a PUCCH with a multiplexed payload, based on an effective coding rate based on a total number of UCI bits. In particular, as depicted in data flow  800  of  FIG. 8 , a UE (e.g., such as UE  104  illustrated in  FIGS. 1 and 2 ), may be configured (at step  805 ) with a PUCCH resource configuration by a BS (e.g., such as BS  102  illustrated in  FIGS. 1 and 2 ). At step  810 , the UE may multiplex an LP UCI and an HP UCI, and at step  820 , compute a transmit power using an effective coding rate based on the total number of HP and LP UCI bits in the multiplexed payload. At step  830 , the UE may transmit the PUCCH with the multiplexed HP UCI and LP UCI using the transmit power calculated using the effective coding rate based on the total number of HP and LP UCI bits. 
     For example, the transmit power for the multiplexed HP and LP UCI on the PUCCH may be determined based on the NR 3GPP Release 16 power control equation, as described above, with modifications to parameter Δ TF  (e.g., a delta power based on a spectral efficiency to account for the combined HP and LP UCI payload of the multiplexed PUCCH). 
     Parameter Δ TF  may be calculated based on a total number of bits in the HP and LP UCI. When the total number of bits in the UCI (inlcluding both LP and HP UCI) is greater than eleven, Δ TF  may be determined by: 
       Δ TF =10log 10 ((2 BPRE·K     2   −1))
 
      where K 2 =2.4. When the total number of bits in the UCI (including both LP and HP UCI) is less than or equal to eleven, Δ TF  may be determined by: 
       Δ TF =10log 10 ( BPRE·K   1 )
 
     As shown, Δ TF  may be a function of Bits Per Resource Element (BPRE). BPRE may stand for the effective coding rate (also referred to as the spectral efficiency) of the PUCCH determined by: 
     
       
         
           
             
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               P 
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                   O 
                   
                     
                       L 
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                       P 
                     
                     , 
                     UCI 
                   
                 
                 + 
                 
                   O 
                   
                     
                       L 
                       ⁢ 
                       P 
                     
                     , 
                     
                       C 
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                   O 
                   
                     
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                       ⁢ 
                       P 
                     
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                     UCI 
                   
                 
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                   O 
                   
                     
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     where O LP,UCI  denotes a number of bits in the LP UCI, O LP,CRC  denotes a number of cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bits for the LP UCI,  0   HP,UCI  denotes a number of bits in the HP UCI,  0   HP,CRC  denotes a number of CRC bits for the HP UCI, and N RE  denotes the number of resource elements (REs) used to transmit the UCI. 
     In some cases, the LP UCI may have a higher coding rate than HP UCI. Thus, the computed transmit power for transmitting the PUCCH with the multiplexed payload may be larger than the power required for the HP UCI (if calculated based only on the HP UCI and CRC bits). 
       FIGS. 4-8  depict examples of a method consistent with the disclosure herein, but other methods may be possible for power control when transmitting a PUCCH with a multiplexed payload. 
       FIG. 9  is a flow diagram depicting another example method  900  for enhanced power control for HP and LP UL transmission multiplexing. 
     In some cases, a UE (e.g., UE  104  in wireless communication network  100  of  FIG. 1 ), or a portion thereof, may perform, or be configured, operable, or adapted to perform, operations of method  900 . In some cases, operations of method  900  may be implemented as software components (e.g., power control component  281  of  FIG. 2 ) that are executed and run on one or more processors (e.g., controller/processor  280  of  FIG. 2 ). Signals involved in the operations may be transmitted or received by the UE by one or more antennas (e.g., antennas  252  of  FIG. 2 ), or via a bus interface of one or more processors (e.g., the controller/processor  280 ) obtaining and/or outputting the signals. 
       FIG. 9  depicts one example of a method consistent with the disclosure herein, but other examples are possible, which may include additional or alternative steps, or which omit certain steps. 
     Method  900  begins at step  910  with a UE multiplexing a first UCI and a second UCI on a PUCCH, wherein the first UCI has a first priority and the second UCI has a second priority. 
     In some cases, the first priority comprises a higher priority than the second priority. Accordingly, the first UCI may be a HP UCI while the second UCI may be a LP UCI. 
     In some cases, the first UCI and the second UCI may be separately encoded. In some cases, the first UCI and the second UCI may be jointly encoded. 
     Method  900  then proceeds to step  920  with the UE computing a transmit power based on a total number of bits of the first and second UCI multiplexed in the PUCCH. In certain aspects, computing the transmit power includes computing the transmit power based on an effective coding rate of the first and second UCI multiplexed on the PUCCH. The effective coding rate may be calculated based on at least one of: a number of bits in the first UCI, a number of bits in the second UCI or a number of resource elements (N RE ) used to transmit the PUCCH. 
     In certain aspects, the transmit power is computed using a common open loop power control parameter common to both the first UCI and the second UCI (P 0 ). More specifically, the transmit power may be computed using the P 0  and an effective coding rate (e.g., BPRE) associated with both the HP and LP UCI. In some examples, the open loop power control parameter (e.g., P 0 ) may be associated with a PUCCH resource used to transmit the PUCCH (with the multiplexed payload). 
     Method  900  then proceeds to step  930  with the UE transmitting the PUCCH in accordance with the transmit power. 
     In certain aspects, a format of the PUCCH comprises a PUCCH format 1. 
     In certain aspects, method  900  further includes a step for comparing the total number of bits to a threshold. In certain aspects, the transmit power is computed based on the comparison. 
       FIG. 10  is a flow diagram depicting another example method  1000  for enhanced power control for HP and LP UL transmission multiplexing. 
     In some cases, a UE (e.g., UE  104  in wireless communication network  100  of  FIG. 1 ), or a portion thereof, may perform, or be configured, operable, or adapted to perform, operations of method  1000 . In some cases, operations of method  1000  may be implemented as software components (e.g., power control component  281  of  FIG. 2 ) that are executed and run on one or more processors (e.g., controller/processor  280  of  FIG. 2 ). Signals involved in the operations may be transmitted or received by the UE by one or more antennas (e.g., antennas  252  of  FIG. 2 ), or via a bus interface of one or more processors (e.g., the controller/processor  280 ) obtaining and/or outputting the signals. 
       FIG. 10  depicts one example of a method  1000  consistent with the disclosure herein, but other examples are possible, which may include additional or alternative steps, or which omit certain steps. 
     Method  1000  begins at step  1010  with a UE multiplexing a first UCI and a second UCI on a PUCCH, wherein the first UCI has a first priority and the second UCI has a second priority, wherein the first priority is higher in priority than the second priority. Accordingly, the first UCI may be a HP UCI while the second UCI may be a LP UCI. 
     In some cases, the first UCI and the second UCI may be separately encoded. 
     Method  1000  then proceeds to step  1020  with the UE computing a transmit power based on one or more power control parameters associated with the first UCI. In other words, at step  1020 , computing a transmit power may be based on one or more power control parameters associated with the HP UCI. Thus, the transmit power may be determined based on the transmit power calculated for HP UCI only, based on the 3GPP Release 16 power control equation, as described above. 
     As noted above, the power control parameters may include an open loop power control parameter (P 0 )(e.g., P 0−HP ) used to compute the transmit power. More specifically, the transmit power may be computed using the P 0−HP  and an effective coding rate (e.g., BPRE) associated with the HP UCI. In some examples, the open loop power control parameter (e.g., P 0−HP ) may be associated with a PUCCH resource used to transmit the PUCCH (with the multiplexed payload). In some examples, the open loop power control parameter (e.g., P 0−HP ) may be associated with a PUCCH resource scheduled for the first UCI (e.g., HP UCI). 
     In certain aspects, computing the transmit power for transmitting the PUCCH is further based on a number of bits in the first UCI and a number of CRC bits for the first UCI. 
     In certain aspects, computing the transmit power for transmitting the PUCCH is further based on an effective coding rate of the first UCI. In some cases, the effective coding rate is based on a number of bits in the first UCI, a number of CRC bits for the first UCI, and a number of resource elements (N RE ) used to transmit the PUCCH. 
     In certain aspects, method  900  further includes a step for selecting a formula for computing the transmit power based on a number of a number of bits in the first UCI and a number of CRC bits for the first UCI. For example, as described above, a power control equation used to calculate the transmit power (P PUCCH ) from a UE for a PUCCH is 
         P   PUCCH =min{ P   c,max   , P   0 ( j )+ PL ( q )+10log 10 (2 μ   M   RB )+Δ F +Δ TF   +g (ι)}
 
     where parameter Δ TF  may be calculated based on a total number of (HP and LP UCI) bits in the first UCI and a number of CRC bits for the first UCI. Based on the total number of bits, Δ TF  may be determined by: 
       Δ TF =10log 10 ((2 BPRE·K     2   −1))
 
     or Δ TF  may be determined by: 
       Δ TF =10log 10 (BPRE·K 1 )
 
     Method  1000  then proceeds to step  1030  with the UE transmitting the PUCCH in accordance with the transmit power. 
     In certain aspects, a format of the PUCCH comprises a first PUCCH format with a short format and greater than two bits for the first UCI multiplexed with the second UCI (e.g., PUCCH format 2). In certain aspects, a format of the PUCCH comprises a second PUCCH format with a long format, greater than two bits for the first UCI multiplexed with the second UCI, and without multi-UE multiplexing (e.g., PUCCH format 3). In certain aspects, a format of the PUCCH comprises a third PUCCH format with a long format, greater than two bits for the first UCI multiplexed with the second UCI, and with multi-UE multiplexing (e.g., PUCCH format 4). 
     Example Wireless Communication Devices 
       FIG. 11  depicts an example communications device  1100  that includes various components operable, configured, or adapted to perform operations for the techniques disclosed herein, such as the operations depicted and described with respect to  FIGS. 4-10 . In some examples, communication device  1100  may be a UE  104  as described, for example with respect to  FIGS. 1 and 2 . 
     Communications device  1100  includes a processing system  1102  coupled to a transceiver  1008  (e.g., a transmitter and/or a receiver). Transceiver  1108  is configured to transmit (or send) and receive signals for the communications device  1100  via an antenna  1110 , such as the various signals as described herein. Processing system  1102  may be configured to perform processing functions for communications device  1100 , including processing signals received and/or to be transmitted by communications device  1100 . 
     Processing system  1102  includes a processor  1104  coupled to a computer-readable medium/memory  1112  via a bus  1106 . In certain aspects, computer-readable medium/memory  1112  is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code) that when executed by processor  1104 , cause processor  1104  to perform the operations illustrated in  FIGS. 4-10 , or other operations for enhanced power control for HP and LP UL transmission multiplexing. 
     In the depicted example, computer-readable medium/memory  1112  stores code  1131  for multiplexing (e.g., for multiplexing a first uplink control information (UCI) and a second UCI on a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), wherein the first UCI has a first priority and the second UCI has a second priority and wherein, in some cases, the first priority is higher in priority than the second priority), code  1132  for computing (e.g., for computing a transmit power based on a first set of one or more power control parameters associated with the first UCI and a second set of one or more power control parameters associated with the second UCI, or for computing a transmit power based on total number of bits of the first and second UCI multiplexed in the PUCCH, or for computing a transmit power based on one or more power control parameters associated with the first UCI), code  1133  for transmitting (e.g., for transmitting the PUCCH in accordance with the transmit power), code  1134  for selecting (e.g., for selecting a maximum of the first and second transmit powers for transmitting the PUCCH), code  1135  for calculating (e.g., for calculating the effective coding rate), and code  1136  for comparing (e.g., for comparing the total number of bits to a threshold). 
     In the depicted example, processor  1120  has circuitry configured to implement the code stored in the computer-readable medium/memory  1130 , including circuitry  1121  for multiplexing (e.g., for multiplexing a first UCI and a second UCI on a PUCCH, wherein the first UCI has a first priority and the second UCI has a second priority and wherein, in some cases, the first priority is higher in priority than the second priority), circuitry  1122  for computing (e.g., for computing a transmit power based on a first set of one or more power control parameters associated with the first UCI and a second set of one or more power control parameters associated with the second UCI, or for computing a transmit power based on a total number of bits of the first and second UCI multiplexed in the PUCCH, or for computing a transmit power based on one or more power control parameters associated with the first UCI), circuitry  1123  for transmitting (e.g., for transmitting the PUCCH in accordance with the transmit power), circuitry  1124  for selecting (e.g., for selecting a maximum of the first and second transmit powers for transmitting the PUCCH), circuitry  1125  for calculating (e.g., for calculating the effective coding rate), and circuitry  1126  for comparing (e.g., for comparing the total number of bits to a threshold). 
     Various components of communications device  1100  may provide means for performing the methods described herein, including with respect to  FIGS. 4-10 . 
     In some examples, means for multiplexing, means for computing, means for selecting, means for calculating, and means for comparing may include a processing system, which may include one or more processors, such as receive processor  258 , transmit processor  264 , TX MIMO processor  266 , and/or controller/processor  280 , including power control component  281 , of the UE  104  illustrated in  FIG. 2  and/or processing system  1102  of communication device  1100  in  FIG. 11 . 
     In some examples, means for transmitting or sending (or means for outputting for transmission) may include transceivers  254  and/or antenna(s)  252  of UE  104  illustrated in  FIG. 2  and/or transceiver  1108  and antenna  1110  of communications device  1100  in  FIG. 11 . 
     In some examples, means for receiving (or means for obtaining) may include transceivers  254  and/or antenna(s)  252  of UE  104  illustrated in  FIG. 2  and/or transceiver  1108  and antenna  1110  of communications device  1100  in  FIG. 11 . 
     In some cases, rather than actually transmitting, for example, signals and/or data, a device may have an interface to output signals and/or data for transmission (a means for outputting). For example, a processor may output signals and/or data, via a bus interface, to a radio frequency (RF) front end for transmission. Similarly, rather than actually receiving signals and/or data, a device may have an interface to obtain the signals and/or data received from another device (a means for obtaining). For example, a processor may obtain (or receive) the signals and/or data, via a bus interface, from an RF front end for reception. In various aspects, an RF front end may include various components, including transmit and receive processors, transmit and receive MIMO processors, modulators, demodulators, and the like, such as depicted in the examples in  FIG. 2 . 
     Notably,  FIG. 11  is just a use example, and many other examples and configurations of communication device  1100  are possible. 
     Example Clauses 
     Implementation examples are described in the following numbered clauses: 
     Clause 1: A method of wireless communication by a user equipment (UE), comprising: multiplexing a first uplink control information (UCI) and a second UCI in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), wherein the first UCI has a first priority and the second UCI has a second priority; computing a transmit power for transmitting the PUCCH based, at least in part, on a first set of one or more power control parameters associated with the first UCI and a second set of one or more power control parameters associated with the second UCI; and transmitting the PUCCH in accordance with the computed transmit power. 
     Clause 2: The method of Clause 1, wherein the first UCI and the second UCI are separately encoded. 
     Clause 3: The method of any one of Clauses 1-2, wherein computing the transmit power comprises: computing a first transmit power for the first UCI; computing a second transmit power for the second UCI; and selecting a maximum of the first and second transmit powers for transmitting the PUCCH. 
     Clause 4: The method of Clause 3, wherein: a first effective coding rate associated with the first UCI is used to compute the first transmit power; and a second effective coding rate associated with the second UCI is used to compute the second transmit power. 
     Clause 5: The method of any one of Clauses 3-4, wherein: the first set of power control parameters and the second set of power control parameters each include a common open loop power control parameter; and the first transmit power and second transmit power are both computed using the common open loop power control parameter. 
     Clause 6: The method of Clause 5, wherein the common open loop power control parameter is associated with a PUCCH resource used to transmit the PUCCH. 
     Clause 7: The method of any one of Clauses 3-6, wherein: the first set of power control parameters includes a first open loop power control parameter used to compute the first transmit power; the second set of power control parameters includes a second open loop power control parameter used to compute the second transmit power; and the first and second open loop power control parameters are different. 
     Clause 8: The method of Clause 7, wherein the first and second open loop power control parameters are both associated with a PUCCH resource used to transmit the PUCCH. 
     Clause 9: The method of any one of Clauses 7-8, wherein: the first open loop power control parameter is associated with a first PUCCH resource scheduled for the first UCI; and the second open loop power control parameter is associated with a second PUCCH resource scheduled for the second UCI. 
     Clause 10: The method of any one of Clauses 1-9, wherein the first UCI and the second UCI are jointly encoded. 
     Clause 11: The method of any one of Clauses 1-10, wherein computing the transmit power is further based, at least in part, on an effective coding rate of the first and second UCI multiplexed in the PUCCH. 
     Clause 12: The method of any one of Clauses 1-11, wherein computing the transmit power is further based a total number of bits of the first and second UCI multiplexed in the PUCCH. 
     Clause 13: The method of any one of Clauses 11-12, further comprising calculating the effective coding rate based on: a number of bits in the first UCI; a number of cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bits for the first UCI; a number of bits in the second UCI; a number of CRC bits for the second UCI; and a number of resource elements (N RE ) used to transmit the PUCCH. 
     Clause 14: A method of wireless communications, comprising: multiplexing a first uplink control information (UCI) and a second UCI in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), wherein the first UCI has a first priority and the second UCI has a second priority; computing a transmit power for transmitting the PUCCH based on a first set of one or more power control parameters associated with the first UCI; and transmitting the PUCCH in accordance with the computed transmit power. 
     Clause 15: The method of Clause 14, wherein: a first priority comprises a higher priority than the second priority. 
     Clause 16: The method of any one of Clauses 14-15, wherein computing the transmit power is further based, at least in part, on an effective coding rate of the first UCI. 
     Clause 17: The method of any one of Clauses 14-16, wherein: the first set of power control parameters includes an open loop power control parameter used to compute the transmit power. 
     Clause 18: The method of Clause 17, wherein the open loop power control parameter is associated with a PUCCH resource used to transmit the PUCCH. 
     Clause 19: The method of any one of Clauses 17-18, wherein the open loop power control parameter is associated with a PUCCH resource scheduled for the first UCI. 
     Clause 20: The method of any one of Clauses 14-19, wherein the first UCI and the second UCI are jointly encoded. 
     Clause 21: A method of wireless communication by a user equipment (UE), comprising: multiplexing a first uplink control information (UCI) and a second UCI on a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), wherein the first UCI has a first priority and the second UCI has a second priority, wherein the first priority is higher in priority than the second priority; computing a transmit power based on one or more power control parameters associated with the first UCI; and transmitting the PUCCH in accordance with the transmit power. 
     Clause 22: The method of Clause 21, wherein computing the transmit power based on the one or more power control parameters associated with the first UCI comprises computing the transmit power based on the first priority being higher in priority than the second priority. 
     Clause 23: The method of any one of Clauses 21-22, computing the transmit power is further based on: a number of bits in the first UCI, and a number of cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bits for the first UCI. 
     Clause 24: The method of any one of Clauses 21-23, wherein computing the transmit power is further based on an effective coding rate of the first UCI. 
     Clause 25: The method of Clause 24, further comprising calculating the effective coding rate based on: a number of bits in the first UCI; a number of cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bits for the first UCI; and a number of resource elements (N RE ) used to transmit the first UCI on the PUCCH. 
     Clause 26: The method of any one of Clauses 21-25, wherein: the one or more power control parameters includes an open loop power control parameter used to compute the transmit power. 
     Clause 27: The method of Clause 26, wherein the open loop power control parameter is associated with a PUCCH resource used to transmit the PUCCH. 
     Clause 28: The method of any one of Clauses 26-27, wherein the open loop power control parameter is associated with a PUCCH resource scheduled for the first UCI. 
     Clause 29: The method of any one of Clauses 21-28, wherein the first UCI and the second UCI are separately encoded. 
     Clause 30: The method of any one of Clauses 21-29, wherein a format of the PUCCH comprises: a first format with a short format and greater than two bits for the first UCI multiplexed with the second UCI, a second format with a long format, greater than two bits for the first UCI multiplexed with the second UCI, and without multi-UE multiplexing, or a third format with the long format, greater than two bits for the first UCI multiplexed with the second UCI, and with the multi-UE multiplexing. 
     Clause 31: A method for wireless communication by a user equipment (UE), comprising: multiplexing a first uplink control information (UCI) and a second UCI on a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), wherein the first UCI has a first priority and the second UCI has a second priority; computing a transmit power based on a total number of bits of the first and second UCI multiplexed in the PUCCH; and transmitting the PUCCH in accordance with the transmit power. 
     Clause 32: The method of Clause 31, wherein computing the transmit power comprises computing the transmit power based on an effective coding rate of the first and second UCI multiplexed on the PUCCH, wherein the effective coding rate is based on a total number of bits of the first and the second UCI, and wherein the effective coding rate is calculated based on at least one of: a number of bits in the first UCI; a number of bits in the second UCI; or a number of resource elements (N RE ) used to transmit the PUCCH. 
     Clause 33: The method of any one of Clauses 31-32, wherein the first UCI and the second UCI are separately encoded. 
     Clause 34: The method of any one of Clauses 31-33, wherein computing the transmit power comprises computing the transmit power using a common open loop power control parameter common to both the first UCI and the second UCI. 
     Clause 35: The method of Clause 34, wherein the common open loop power control parameter is associated with a PUCCH resource used to transmit the PUCCH. 
     Clause 36: The method of any one of Clauses 31-35, wherein a format of the PUCCH comprises a PUCCH format 1. 
     Clause 37: The method of any one of Clauses 31-36, further comprising: comparing the total number of bits to a threshold. 
     Clause 38: The method of Clause 37, wherein computing the transmit power comprises computing the transmit power based on the comparison. 
     Clause 39: An apparatus, comprising: a memory comprising computer-executable instructions; one or more processors configured to execute the computer-executable instructions and cause the processing system to perform a method in accordance with any one of Clauses 1-38. 
     Clause 40: An apparatus, comprising means for performing a method in accordance with any one of Clauses 1-38. 
     Clause 41: A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising computer-executable instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a processing system, cause the processing system to perform a method in accordance with any one of Clauses 1-38. 
     Clause 42: A computer program product embodied on a computer-readable storage medium comprising code for performing a method in accordance with any one of Clauses 1-38. 
     Additional Wireless Communication Network Considerations 
     The techniques and methods described herein may be used for various wireless communications networks (or wireless wide area network (WWAN)) and radio access technologies (RATs). While aspects may be described herein using terminology commonly associated with 3G, 4G, and/or 5G (e.g., 5G new radio (NR)) wireless technologies, aspects of the present disclosure may likewise be applicable to other communication systems and standards not explicitly mentioned herein. 
     5G wireless communication networks may support various advanced wireless communication services, such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), millimeter wave (mmW), machine type communications (MTC), and/or mission critical targeting ultra-reliable, low-latency communications (URLLC). These services, and others, may include latency and reliability requirements. 
     Returning to  FIG. 1 , various aspects of the present disclosure may be performed within the example wireless communication network  100 . 
     In 3GPP, the term “cell” can refer to a coverage area of a Node B (NB) and/or a NB subsystem serving this coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. In NR systems, the term “cell” and BS, next generation NodeB (gNB or gNodeB), access point (AP), distributed unit (DU), carrier, or transmission reception point (TRP) may be used interchangeably. A BS may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, and/or other types of cells. 
     A macro cell may generally cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscription. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscription. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allow restricted access by UEs having an association with the femto cell (e.g., UEs in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG) and UEs for users in the home). A BS for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro BS. A BS for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico BS. A BS for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto BS or a home BS. 
     BSs  102  configured for 4G LTE (collectively referred to as Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN)) may interface with the EPC  160  through first backhaul links  132  (e.g., an S1 interface). BSs  102  configured for 5G (e.g., 5G NR or Next Generation RAN (NG-RAN)) may interface with core network  190  through second backhaul links  184 . BSs  102  may communicate directly or indirectly (e.g., through the EPC  160  or core network  190 ) with each other over third backhaul links  134  (e.g., X2 interface). Third backhaul links  134  may generally be wired or wireless. 
     Small cell  102 ′ may operate in a licensed and/or an unlicensed frequency spectrum. When operating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the small cell  102 ′ may employ NR and use the same 5 gigahertz (GHz) unlicensed frequency spectrum as used by the Wi-Fi AP  150 . Small cell  102 ′, employing NR in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, may boost coverage to and/or increase capacity of the access network. 
     Some BSs, such as gNB  180  may operate in a traditional sub-6 GHz spectrum, in millimeter wave (mmW) frequencies, and/or near mmW frequencies in communication with the UE  104 . When the gNB  180  operates in mmW or near mmW frequencies, the gNB  180  may be referred to as an mmW BS. 
     The communication links  120  between BSs  102  and, for example, UEs  104 , may be through one or more carriers. For example, BSs  102  and UEs  104  may use spectrum up to Y megahertz (MHz) (e.g., 5, 10, 15, 20, 100, 400, and other MHz) bandwidth per carrier allocated in a carrier aggregation of up to a total of Yx MHz (x component carriers (CCs)) used for transmission in each direction. The carriers may or may not be adjacent to each other. Allocation of carriers may be asymmetric with respect to the downlink (DL) and the uplink (UL) (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated for DL than for UL). The CCs may include a primary CC and one or more secondary CC. A primary CC may be referred to as a primary cell (PCell) and a secondary CC may be referred to as a secondary cell (SCell). 
     Wireless communication network  100  further includes a Wi-Fi access point (AP)  150  in communication with Wi-Fi stations (STAs)  152  via communication links  154  in, for example, a 2.4 GHz and/or 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum. When communicating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the STAs  152 /AP  150  may perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) prior to communicating in order to determine whether the channel is available. 
     Certain UEs  104  may communicate with each other using device-to-device (D2D) communication link  158 . The D2D communication link  158  may use the DL/UL WWAN spectrum. The D2D communication link  158  may use one or more sidelink channels, such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH), a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH), a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), and a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH). D2D communication may be through a variety of wireless D2D communications systems, such as for example, FlashLinQ, WiMedia, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi based on the IEEE 802.11 standard, 4G (e.g., LTE), or 5G (e.g., NR), to name a few options. 
     EPC  160  may include a Mobility Management Entity (MME)  162 , other MMEs  164 , a Serving Gateway  166 , a Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) Gateway  168 , a Broadcast Multicast Service Center (BM-SC)  170 , and a Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway  172 . MME  162  may be in communication with a Home Subscriber Server (HSS)  174 . MME  162  is the control node that processes the signaling between the UEs  104  and the EPC  160 . Generally, MME  162  provides bearer and connection management. 
     Generally, user Internet protocol (IP) packets are transferred through Serving Gateway  166 , which itself is connected to PDN Gateway  172 . PDN Gateway  172  provides UE IP address allocation as well as other functions. PDN Gateway  172  and the BM-SC  170  are connected to the IP Services  176 , which may include, for example, the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), a PS Streaming Service, and/or other IP services. 
     BM-SC  170  may provide functions for MBMS user service provisioning and delivery. BM-SC  170  may serve as an entry point for content provider MBMS transmission, may be used to authorize and initiate MBMS Bearer Services within a public land mobile network (PLMN), and may be used to schedule MBMS transmissions. MBMS Gateway  168  may be used to distribute MBMS traffic to BSs  102  belonging to a Multicast Broadcast Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) area broadcasting a particular service, and may be responsible for session management (start/stop) and for collecting eMBMS related charging information. 
     Core network  190  may include an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF)  192 , other AMFs  193 , a Session Management Function (SMF)  194 , and a User Plane Function (UPF)  195 . AMF  192  may be in communication with a Unified Data Management (UDM)  196 . 
     AMF  192  is generally the control node that processes the signaling between UEs  104  and core network  190 . Generally, AMF  192  provides quality of service (QoS) flow and session management. 
     All user Internet protocol (IP) packets are transferred through UPF  195 , which is connected to the IP Services  197 , and which provides UE IP address allocation as well as other functions for core network  190 . IP Services  197  may include, for example, the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), a PS Streaming Service, and/or other IP services. 
     Returning to  FIG. 2 , various example components of BS  102  and UE  104  (e.g., in wireless communication network  100  of  FIG. 1 ) are depicted, which may be used to implement aspects of the present disclosure. 
     At BS  102 , a transmit processor  220  may receive data from a data source  212  and control information from a controller/processor  240 . The control information may be for the physical broadcast channel (PBCH), physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH), physical hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) indicator channel (PHICH), physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), group common PDCCH (GC PDCCH), and others. The data may be for the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), in some examples. 
     A medium access control (MAC)-control element (MAC-CE) is a MAC layer communication structure that may be used for control command exchange between wireless nodes. The MAC-CE may be carried in a shared channel such as a PDSCH, a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), or a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH). 
     Processor  220  may process (e.g., encode and symbol map) the data and control information to obtain data symbols and control symbols, respectively. Transmit processor  220  may also generate reference symbols, such as for the primary synchronization signal (PSS), secondary synchronization signal (SSS), PBCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS), and channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS). 
     Transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor  230  may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, and/or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide output symbol streams to the modulators (MODs) in transceivers  232   a - 232   t.  Each modulator in transceivers  232   a - 232   t  may process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a DL signal. DL signals from the modulators in transceivers  232   a - 232   t  may be transmitted via the antennas  234   a - 234   t,  respectively. 
     At UE  104 , antennas  252   a - 252   r  may receive the DL signals from BS  102  and may provide received signals to the demodulators (DEMODs) in transceivers  254   a - 254   r , respectively. Each demodulator in transceivers  254   a - 254   r  may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) a respective received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator may further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain received symbols. 
     MIMO detector  256  may obtain received symbols from all the demodulators in transceivers  254   a - 254   r,  perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and provide detected symbols. Receive processor  258  may process (e.g., demodulate, deinterleave, and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for the UE  104  to a data sink  260 , and provide decoded control information to a controller/processor  280 . 
     On the UL, at UE  104 , transmit processor  264  may receive and process data (e.g., for the PUSCH) from a data source  262  and control information (e.g., for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) from the controller/processor  280 . Transmit processor  264  may also generate reference symbols for a reference signal (e.g., for the sounding reference signal (SRS)). The symbols from the transmit processor  264  may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor  266  if applicable, further processed by the modulators in transceivers  254   a - 254   r  (e.g., for single carrier-frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM)), and transmitted to BS  102 . 
     At BS  102 , the UL signals from UE  104  may be received by antennas  234   a - t , processed by the demodulators in transceivers  232   a - 232   t,  detected by a MIMO detector  236  if applicable, and further processed by a receive processor  238  to obtain decoded data and control information sent by UE  104 . Receive processor  238  may provide the decoded data to a data sink  239  and the decoded control information to the controller/processor  240 . 
     Memories  242  and  282  may store data and program codes for BS  102  and UE  104 , respectively. 
     Scheduler  244  may schedule UEs for data transmission on the DL and/or UL. 
     Antennas  252 , processors  266 ,  258 ,  264 , and/or controller/processor  280  of UE  104  and/or antennas  234 , processors  220 ,  230 ,  238 , and/or controller/processor  240  of BS  102  may be used to perform the various techniques and methods described herein. 
     For example, as shown in  FIG. 2 , controller/processor  240  of BS  102  has a power control component  241  that may be configured to configure one or more sets of power control parameters between BSs  102  and UEs  104 , according to aspects described herein. Similarly, as shown in  FIG. 2 , controller/processor  280  of UE  104  has a power control component  281  that may be configured to compute the transmit power for transmitting a PUCCH with a multiplexed payload, according to aspects described herein. Although shown at the controller/processor, other components of UE  104  may be used to perform the operations described herein. 
     5G may utilize OFDM with a cyclic prefix (CP) on the UL and DL. 5G may also support half-duplex operation using time division duplexing (TDD). OFDM and SC-FDM partition the system bandwidth into multiple orthogonal subcarriers, which are also commonly referred to as tones and bins. Each subcarrier may be modulated with data. Modulation symbols may be sent in the frequency domain with OFDM and in the time domain with SC-FDM. The spacing between adjacent subcarriers may be fixed, and the total number of subcarriers may be dependent on the system bandwidth. The minimum resource allocation, called a resource block (RB), may be 12 consecutive subcarriers in some examples. The system bandwidth may also be partitioned into subbands. For example, a subband may cover multiple RBs. NR may support a base subcarrier spacing (SCS) of 15 KHz and other SCS may be defined with respect to the base SCS (e.g., 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, 240 kHz, and others). 
     As above,  FIGS. 3A-3D  depict various example aspects of data structures for a wireless communication network, such as wireless communication network  100  of  FIG. 1 . 
     In various aspects, the 5G frame structure may be frequency division duplex (FDD), in which for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth), subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicated for either DL or UL. 5G frame structures may also be TDD, in which for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth), subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicated for both DL and UL. In the examples provided by  FIGS. 3A and 3C , the 5G frame structure is assumed to be TDD, with subframe 4 being configured with slot format 28 (with mostly DL), where D is DL, U is UL, and X is flexible for use between DL/UL, and subframe 3 being configured with slot format 34 (with mostly UL). While subframes 3, 4 are shown with slot formats 34, 28, respectively, any particular subframe may be configured with any of the various available slot formats 0-61. Slot formats 0, 1 are all DL, UL, respectively. Other slot formats 2-61 include a mix of DL, UL, and flexible symbols. UEs are configured with the slot format (dynamically through DL control information (DCI), or semi-statically/statically through radio resource control (RRC) signaling) through a received slot format indicator (SFI). Note that the description below applies also to a 5G frame structure that is TDD. 
     Other wireless communication technologies may have a different frame structure and/or different channels. A frame (10 milliseconds (ms)) may be divided into 10 equally sized subframes (1 ms). Each subframe may include one or more time slots. Subframes may also include mini-slots, which may include 7, 4, or 2 symbols. In some examples, each slot may include 7 or 14 symbols, depending on the slot configuration. 
     For example, for slot configuration 0, each slot may include 14 symbols, and for slot configuration 1, each slot may include 7 symbols. The symbols on DL may be CP-OFDM symbols. The symbols on UL may be CP-OFDM symbols (for high throughput scenarios) or discrete Fourier transform (DFT) spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols (also referred to as single carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA) symbols) (for power limited scenarios; limited to a single stream transmission). 
     The number of slots within a subframe is based on the slot configuration and the numerology. For slot configuration 0, different numerologies (μ) 0 to 5 allow for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 slots, respectively, per subframe. For slot configuration 1, different numerologies 0 to 2 allow for 2, 4, and 8 slots, respectively, per subframe. Accordingly, for slot configuration 0 and numerology μ, there are 14 symbols/slot and 2μ slots/subframe. The SCS and symbol length/duration are a function of the numerology. The SCS may be equal to 2 μ ×15 kHz, where μ is the numerology 0 to 5. As such, the numerology μ=0 has an SCS of 15 kHz and the numerology μ=5 has an SCS of 480 kHz. The symbol length/duration is inversely related to the SCS.  FIGS. 3A-3D  provide an example of slot configuration 0 with 14 symbols per slot and numerology μ=2 with 4 slots per subframe. The slot duration is 0.25 ms, the SCS is 60 kHz, and the symbol duration is approximately 16.67 μs. 
     A resource grid may be used to represent the frame structure. Each time slot includes an RB (also referred to as physical RBs (PRBs)) that extends 12 consecutive subcarriers. The resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements (REs). The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 3A , some of the REs carry reference (pilot) signals (RSs) for a UE (e.g., UE  104  of  FIGS. 1 and 2 ). The RSs may include demodulation RSs (DM-RSs) (indicated as Rx for one particular configuration, where  100   x  is the port number, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) and channel state information reference signals (CSI-RSs) for channel estimation at the UE. The RSs may also include beam measurement RSs (BRSs), beam refinement RSs (BRRSs), and phase tracking RSs (PT-RSs). 
       FIG. 3B  illustrates an example of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame. The PDCCH carries DCI within one or more control channel elements (CCEs), each CCE including nine RE groups (REGs), each REG including four consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol. 
     A primary synchronization signal (PSS) may be within symbol 2 of particular subframes of a frame. The PSS is used by a UE (e.g., UE  104  of  FIGS. 1 and 2 ) to determine subframe/symbol timing and a physical layer identity. 
     A secondary synchronization signal (SSS) may be within symbol 4 of particular subframes of a frame. The SSS is used by a UE to determine a physical layer cell identity group number and radio frame timing. 
     Based on the physical layer identity and the physical layer cell identity group number, the UE can determine a physical cell identifier (PCI). Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the locations of the aforementioned DM-RS. The physical broadcast channel (PBCH), which carries a master information block (MIB), may be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a synchronization signal (SS)/PBCH block. The MIB provides a number of RBs in the system bandwidth and a system frame number (SFN). The physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information not transmitted through the PBCH such as system information blocks (SIBs), and paging messages. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 3C , some of the REs carry DM-RS (indicated as R for one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) for channel estimation at the BS. The UE may transmit DM-RS for the PUCCH and DM-RS for the PUSCH. The PUSCH DM-RS may be transmitted in the first one or two symbols of the PUSCH. The PUCCH DM-RS may be transmitted in different configurations depending on whether short or long PUCCHs are transmitted and depending on the particular PUCCH format used. The UE may transmit sounding reference signals (SRSs). The SRSs may be transmitted in the last symbol of a subframe. The SRSs may have a comb structure, and a UE may transmit SRSs on one of the combs. The SRSs may be used by a base station for channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent scheduling on the UL. 
       FIG. 3D  illustrates an example of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame. The PUCCH may be located as indicated in one configuration. The PUCCH carries UCI, such as scheduling requests, a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), a rank indicator (RI), and HARQ ACK/NACK feedback. The PUSCH carries data, and may additionally be used to carry a buffer status report (BSR), a power headroom report (PHR), and/or UCI. 
     Additional Considerations 
     The preceding description provides examples of enhanced power control for high priority (HP) and low priority (LP) uplink (UL) transmission multiplexing. Changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements discussed without departing from the disclosure. Various examples may omit, substitute, or add various procedures or components as appropriate. For instance, the methods described may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Also, features described with respect to some examples may be combined in some other examples. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, the disclosure is intended to cover such an apparatus or method which is practiced using other structure, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition to, or other than, the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim. The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any aspect described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects. 
     The techniques described herein may be used for various wireless communication technologies, such as 5G (e.g., 5G NR), 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA), and other networks. The terms “network” and “system” are often used interchangeably. A CDMA network may implement a radio technology such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), cdma2000, and others. UTRA includes Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) and other variants of CDMA. cdma2000 covers IS-2000, IS-95 and IS-856 standards. A TDMA network may implement a radio technology such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). An OFDMA network may implement a radio technology such as NR (e.g. 5G RA), Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDMA, and others. UTRA and E-UTRA are part of Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS). LTE and LTE-A are releases of UMTS that use E-UTRA. UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE, LTE-A and GSM are described in documents from an organization named “3rd Generation Partnership Project” (3GPP). cdma2000 and UMB are described in documents from an organization named “3rd Generation Partnership Project 2” (3GPP2). NR is an emerging wireless communications technology under development. 
     In some examples, access to the air interface may be scheduled. A scheduling entity (e.g., a BS) allocates resources for communication among some or all devices and equipment within its service area or cell. The scheduling entity may be responsible for scheduling, assigning, reconfiguring, and releasing resources for one or more subordinate entities. That is, for scheduled communication, subordinate entities utilize resources allocated by the scheduling entity. Base stations are not the only entities that may function as a scheduling entity. In some examples, a UE may function as a scheduling entity and may schedule resources for one or more subordinate entities (e.g., one or more other UEs), and the other UEs may utilize the resources scheduled by the UE for wireless communication. In some examples, a UE may function as a scheduling entity in a peer-to-peer (P2P) network, and/or in a mesh network. In a mesh network example, UEs may communicate directly with one another in addition to communicating with a scheduling entity. 
     The methods disclosed herein comprise one or more steps or actions for achieving the methods. The method steps and/or actions may be interchanged with one another. In other words, unless a specific order of steps or actions is specified, the order and/or use of specific steps and/or actions may be modified. 
     As used herein, a phrase referring to “at least one of” a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members. As an example, “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, and a-b-c, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (e.g., a-a, a-a-a, a-a-b, a-a-c, a-b-b, a-c-c, b-b, b-b-b, b-b-c, c-c, and c-c-c or any other ordering of a, b, and c). 
     As used herein, the term “determining” encompasses a wide variety of actions. For example, “determining” may include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (e.g., looking up in a table, a database or another data structure), ascertaining and the like. Also, “determining” may include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data in a memory) and the like. Also, “determining” may include resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing and the like. 
     As used in this disclosure outside of the claims, the phrase “based on” is inclusive of all interpretations and shall not be limited to any single interpretation unless specifically recited or indicated as such. For example, the phrase “based on X” (where “X” may be information, a condition, a factor, or the like) may be interpreted as: “based at least on X,” “based in part on X,” “based at least in part on X,” “based only on X,” or “based solely on X.” Accordingly, as disclosed herein, “based on X” may, in one aspect, refer to “based at least on X.” In another aspect, “based on X” may refer to “based in part on X.” In another aspect, “based on X” may refer to “based at least in part on X.” In another aspect, “based on X” may refer to “based only on X.” In another aspect, “based on X” may refer to “based solely on X.” In another aspect, “based on X” may refer to any combination of interpretations in the alternative. As used in the claims, the phrase “based on X” shall be interpreted as “based at least on X” unless specifically recited differently. 
     Reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean “one and only one” unless specifically so stated, but rather “one or more.” Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “some” refers to one or more. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be encompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. No claim element is to be construed under the provisions of 35 U.S.C. § 112(f) unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for” or, in the case of a method claim, the element is recited using the phrase “step for.” 
     The various operations of methods described above may be performed by any suitable means capable of performing the corresponding functions. The means may include various hardware and/or software component(s) and/or module(s), including, but not limited to a circuit, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or a processor (e.g., a general purpose or specifically programmed processor). 
     The various illustrative logical blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with the present disclosure may be implemented or performed with a general purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device (PLD), discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any commercially available processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, a system on a chip (SoC), or any other such configuration. 
     If implemented in hardware, an example hardware configuration may comprise a processing system in a wireless node. The processing system may be implemented with a bus architecture. The bus may include any number of interconnecting buses and bridges depending on the specific application of the processing system and the overall design constraints. The bus may link together various circuits including a processor, machine-readable media, and a bus interface. The bus interface may be used to connect a network adapter, among other things, to the processing system via the bus. The network adapter may be used to implement the signal processing functions of the PHY layer. In the case of a user equipment (see  FIG. 1 ), a user interface (e.g., keypad, display, mouse, joystick, touchscreen, biometric sensor, proximity sensor, light emitting element, and others) may also be connected to the bus. The bus may also link various other circuits such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, power management circuits, and the like, which are well known in the art, and therefore, will not be described any further. The processor may be implemented with one or more general-purpose and/or special-purpose processors. Examples include microprocessors, microcontrollers, DSP processors, and other circuitry that can execute software. Those skilled in the art will recognize how best to implement the described functionality for the processing system depending on the particular application and the overall design constraints imposed on the overall system. 
     If implemented in software, the functions may be stored or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer readable medium. Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, data, or any combination thereof, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise. Computer-readable media include both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. The processor may be responsible for managing the bus and general processing, including the execution of software modules stored on the machine-readable storage media. A computer-readable storage medium may be coupled to a processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. In the alternative, the storage medium may be integral to the processor. By way of example, the machine-readable media may include a transmission line, a carrier wave modulated by data, and/or a computer readable storage medium with instructions stored thereon separate from the wireless node, all of which may be accessed by the processor through the bus interface. Alternatively, or in addition, the machine-readable media, or any portion thereof, may be integrated into the processor, such as the case may be with cache and/or general register files. Examples of machine-readable storage media may include, by way of example, RAM (Random Access Memory), flash memory, ROM (Read Only Memory), PROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), registers, magnetic disks, optical disks, hard drives, or any other suitable storage medium, or any combination thereof. The machine-readable media may be embodied in a computer-program product. 
     A software module may comprise a single instruction, or many instructions, and may be distributed over several different code segments, among different programs, and across multiple storage media. The computer-readable media may comprise a number of software modules. The software modules include instructions that, when executed by an apparatus such as a processor, cause the processing system to perform various functions. The software modules may include a transmission module and a receiving module. Each software module may reside in a single storage device or be distributed across multiple storage devices. By way of example, a software module may be loaded into RAM from a hard drive when a triggering event occurs. During execution of the software module, the processor may load some of the instructions into cache to increase access speed. One or more cache lines may then be loaded into a general register file for execution by the processor. When referring to the functionality of a software module below, it will be understood that such functionality is implemented by the processor when executing instructions from that software module. 
     Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared (IR), radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, include compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk, and Blu-ray® disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Thus, in some aspects computer-readable media may comprise non-transitory computer-readable media (e.g., tangible media). In addition, for other aspects computer-readable media may comprise transitory computer-readable media (e.g., a signal). Combinations of the above can also be considered as examples of computer-readable media. 
     Thus, certain aspects may comprise a computer program product for performing the operations presented herein. For example, such a computer program product may comprise a computer-readable medium having instructions stored (and/or encoded) thereon, the instructions being executable by one or more processors to perform the operations described herein, for example, instructions for performing the operations described herein and illustrated in  FIGS. 4-10 . 
     Further, it should be appreciated that modules and/or other appropriate means for performing the methods and techniques described herein can be downloaded and/or otherwise obtained by a user terminal and/or base station as applicable. For example, such a device can be coupled to a server to facilitate the transfer of means for performing the methods described herein. Alternatively, various methods described herein can be provided via storage means (e.g., RAM, ROM, a physical storage medium such as a compact disc (CD) or floppy disk, and others), such that a user terminal and/or base station can obtain the various methods upon coupling or providing the storage means to the device. Moreover, any other suitable technique for providing the methods and techniques described herein to a device can be utilized. 
     It is to be understood that the claims are not limited to the precise configuration and components illustrated herein. Various modifications, changes and variations may be made in the arrangement, operation, and details of the methods and apparatus described herein.