Patent Publication Number: US-2023144327-A1

Title: Distribution transformer system and methods thereof

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     The present application is a continuation of U.S. Application No. 16/987,300, which was filed on Aug. 6, 2020, now U.S. Pat. No. 11,551,858, and is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. U.S. Application No. 16/987,300 claims priority upon and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/885,216, which was filed on Aug. 10, 2019, and is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     This disclosure relates to distribution transformers. More particularly, this disclosure relates to monitoring operational parameters of a distribution transformer and an associated surge arrester, and methods of retrofitting the distribution transformer. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Distribution transformers provide a last voltage transformation in an electrical power distribution system by stepping down a voltage used in a distribution line to a voltage that is suitable for use by a consumer. For example, a distribution transformer may step down distribution line voltage to household voltage levels for distribution to one or more consumers (e.g., residences, facilities, etc.). Distribution transformers can be pole-mounted to a utility pole or pad-mounted on the ground. Pole mounted style transformers are often installed with surge arresters. 
     SUMMARY 
     This disclosure relates to monitoring operational parameters of a distribution transformer and an associated surge arrester and methods of retrofitting the distribution transformer. 
     In an example, a transformer parameter monitoring (TPM) device can include a plurality of sensors. A subset of the plurality of sensors can be configured to monitor one or more physical properties of a distribution transformer, and another subset of the plurality of sensors can be configured to monitor a surge arrester associated with the distribution transformer. The TPM device can further include a controller that can be configured to receive captured sensor data from the plurality of sensors, and a communications interface that can be configured to receive the captured sensor data and communicate the captured sensor data to a remote system for evaluation thereof to determine one or more operational parameters of the distribution transformer and an amount of deterioration of the surge arrester. 
     In another example, a method for retrofitting a distribution transformer can include detaching a pressure relief device from the distribution transformer to provide access to a pressure valve receiving port, mounting an adapter relative to the pressure valve receiving port, such that the adapter surrounds the pressure valve receiving port, positioning a TPM device relative to the distribution transformer, such that the adapter extends through an opening of the TPM device to support the TPM device, securing the TPM device with a fastener to the distribution transformer to rigidly fix the TPM device to the distribution transformer, and attaching the pressure relief device, such that a portion of the pressure relief device extends through the fastener and the opening of TPM device to engage the pressure valve receiving port. 
     In a further example, a method can include positioning a mounting bracket relative to at least one arrester nut of a distribution transformer, such that the at least one arrester nut protrudes away from the distribution transformer through an opening of the mounting bracket. The method can further include aligning the mounting bracket, such that an upper portion of the mounting bracket is positioned a distance above an oil fill hole of the distribution transformer while the at least one arrester nut protrudes through the opening of the mounting bracket. The method can further include securing the mounting bracket to the distribution transformer via a mounting bracket securing device and securing a TPM device to the mounting bracket to secure the TPM device to the distribution transformer to enable the TPM device to measure one or more physical properties of the distribution transformer. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    is an example environment that includes a TPM device. 
         FIGS.  2 - 4    is an example of a block representation of transformer monitoring functionality and processing. 
         FIG.  5    is an example of a distribution transformer configured with a TPM device. 
         FIG.  6    is a flow diagram depicting an example of a method for retrofitting a distribution transformer with a TPM device. 
         FIG.  7    is a flow diagram depicting another example of a method for retrofitting a distribution transformer with a TPM device. 
         FIG.  8    is a flow diagram depicting an even further example of a method for retrofitting a distribution transformer with a TPM device. 
         FIG.  9    is a flow diagram depicting another example of a method for retrofitting a distribution transformer. 
         FIG.  10    is a flow diagram depicting another example of a method for retrofitting a distribution transformer. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     This disclosure relates to monitoring operational parameters of a distribution transformer and an associated surge arrester and methods of retrofitting the distribution transformer. In some examples, a distribution transformer can be retrofitted with a TPM device. The TPM device can be configured to monitor one or more operational parameters of the distribution transformer and communicate with a remote processing system for processing of sensor data characterizing the one or more operational parameters of the distribution transformer. The remote processing system can be configured to evaluate the sensor data relative to a corresponding parameter threshold to determine whether the one or more operational parameters of the distribution transformer are acceptable. In some examples, the remote processing system can be configured to determine that the one or more operational parameters are not acceptable and notify (e.g., alert) personnel that appropriate action or measures are needed to be taken to minimize a transformer failure. 
     In some examples, the remote processing system can be configured to process the sensor data and employ machine learning methods to predict transformer failures. By predicting when the distribution transformer is likely to experience a failure, the system can improve the overall maintenance or performance of the distribution transformer and improve the response time of personnel in scenarios of complete transformer failure. In some examples, the remote processing system can be configured to apply the machine learning methods to surge arrester sensor data generated by a surge arrester sensor to predict and/or alert on surge arrester failures. 
     In some examples, to retrofit the distribution transformer with the TPM device, a pressure relief valve of the distribution transformer can be detached to provide access to a pressure valve receiving port. An adapter can be mounted to the pressure valve receiving port and the TPM device can be configured such that the adapter extends through an opening of a housing of the TPM device to support the TPM device. The housing of the TPM device can be secured with a fastener to the distribution transformer to rigidly fix the TPM device to the distribution transformer. The pressure relief valve can be attached, such that a portion of the pressure relief valve extends through the fastener and the opening of the TPM device to engage the pressure valve receiving port. 
     In some examples, to retrofit the distribution transformer with the TPM device, a mounting bracket can be positioned relative to at least one arrester nut of the distribution transformer, such that the at least one arrester nut protrudes away from the distribution transformer through a slot opening (e.g., a mounting slot) of the mounting bracket. The mounting bracket can be aligned (e.g., slid up and/or down), such that an upper portion of the mounting bracket is positioned a distance above an oil fill hole of the distribution transformer. The mounting bracket can be secured to the distribution transformer via at least one bolt. The TPM device can be secured to the mounting bracket to enable the TPM device to detect an oil level of oil inside the distribution transformer. 
     Accordingly, the distribution transformer can be retrofitted with the TPM device without requiring replacement or extensive modification of the distribution transformer, such that the oil level inside the distribution transformer can be monitored (e.g., externally monitored). The retrofitting techniques described herein do not require removal of the distribution transformer from a corresponding mounting (e.g., from a pole) or disconnecting the distribution transformer from a power source (e.g., a distribution line, as power can be switched remotely). Moreover, in some examples, the distribution transformer can remain operational during the retrofitting process. 
       FIG.  1    is an example environment  100  that includes a TPM device  102 . The TPM device  102  can be employed to retrofit a distribution transformer  104  to allow for remote monitoring of one or more transformer operational parameters, as described herein. In some examples, the TPM device  102  can be configured to monitor an arrester operational parameter of a surge arrester  106  to determine a health (e.g., integrity) of the surge arrester  106 , which can be configured to protect the distribution transformer  104 . In some examples, the distribution transformer  104  can correspond to a pole-mounted distribution transformer, a pad-mounted distribution transformer, or a vault distribution transformer. The distribution transformer  104 , in some examples, can be a single-phase distribution transformer, and in other examples, can be a three-phase distribution transformer. 
     The TPM device  102  can be configured to communicate over a network  108  with a remote processing system  110 . The network  108  can include a wireless local area network (WLAN), a cellular network, a mesh network, a wired network, or a combination thereof. The remote processing system  110  can correspond to a cloud computing environment and can include one or more servers or computing systems. In some examples, the remote processing system  110  can include one or more processors and a memory. The memory can include one or more non-transitory computer-readable media having instructions and data stored thereon, such as a sensor processing engine  112  and a prediction engine  114 . 
     In some examples, the sensor processing engine  112  and/or the prediction engine  114  can be implemented on one or more physical devices (e.g., servers) that can reside in a cloud computing environment, a mobile device, or on a computer, such as a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet computer, a workstation, server, or the like. In the present example, although the sensor processing engine  112  and the prediction engine  114  are illustrated as being implemented in a single system implementation, in other examples, these components could be distributed across different systems and communicate, for example, over a wireless and/or wired network. The sensor processing engine  112  can be configured to evaluate sensor data to determine whether one or more operational parameters of the distribution transformer  104  are acceptable. The prediction engine  114 , as described herein, can be configured to predict a future maintenance of the distribution transformer  104 . Thus, the prediction engine  114  can be configured to assess the working condition of the distribution transformer  104 , diagnose faults, and estimate when (e.g., identify a particular date, a range of dates, a specific year, or a time frame) transformer failure is likely to occur. 
     In some examples, the TPM device  102  includes distribution transformer sensors  116  and a surge arrester sensor  118 . The distribution transformer sensors  116  can be configured to monitor one or more physical properties of the distribution transformer  104  and the surge arrester sensor  118  can be configured to monitor a physical property of the surge arrester  106 . In some examples, the surge arrester sensor  118  can correspond to a surge arrester integrity monitor. Although  FIG.  1    illustrates the distribution transformer sensors  116  and the surge arrester sensors  118  as located within the TPM device  102 , it is to be understood that each respective sensor  116  and  118  can be positioned in proximity of the distribution transformer  104  and/or the surge arrester  106  to enable monitoring of a respective condition or physical property of the distribution transformer  104  and/or the surge arrester  106 . Thus, in some examples, at least some of the sensors  116  and  118  can be located outside the TPM device  102  and can be coupled via wires and/or a wire harness to the TPM device  102  to provide corresponding sensor data, such as to the controller  120 . 
     In some examples, the distribution transformer sensors  116  can include a combination of an oil temperature sensor for measuring a temperature of oil in an oil tank of the distribution transformer  104 , a tank temperature sensor for measuring a temperature of the oil tank of the distribution transformer  104 , an oil level sensor for measuring an amount of oil in the oil tank, a pressure tank sensor for measuring a pressure inside the oil tank, an ambient temperature sensor for measuring an ambient temperature outside the distribution transformer  104 , a thermocouple sensor for measuring a temperature of primary and secondary side terminations of the distribution transformer  104 , a Rogowski style current transformer (CT) coil for measuring a current flow to a load coupled to the distribution transformer  104 , a current sensor for measuring an amount of current being outputted by the distribution transformer  104 , and a motion sensor. 
     In some examples, the motion sensor can be configured to detect one of a movement of a transformer from an initial vertical installation (angle due to pole leaning or support hardware become loose or damaged over time or sudden movement due to shock (e.g., when a vehicle strikes a power pole)) of the distribution transformer  104 , a vibration of the distribution transformer  104  (e.g., when lines “gallop” or begin to have harmonic oscillations) and a movement of a mounting mechanism for the distribution transformer  104 . The mounting mechanism for the distribution transformer  104  can correspond to one of a pole, a concrete pad, and a platform. 
     In some examples, the TPM device  102  can include a controller  120 . The controller  120  can be configured (e.g., as hardware and/or software) to implement communication of data (e.g., sensor data) to the remote processing system  110  and actuation of a light-emitting device  122 . In some examples, the controller  120  can be configured to evaluate the sensor data and actuate the light-emitting device  122  based on the evaluation. The controller  120  can be in communication with the distribution transformer sensors  116  and the surge arrester sensor  118  to receive the sensor data. In some examples, the controller  120  can include asset information. The asset information can be stored in a memory of the controller  120  and can uniquely identify the distribution transformer  104 . In some examples, the TPM device  102  includes memory separate of the memory of the controller  120  and can be employed to store the asset information. 
     The controller  120  can be configured to provide the sensor data generated by each of the distribution transformer and surge arrester sensors  116  and  118  and in some examples the asset information to a communications interface  124 . The communications interface  124  can be configured to communicate the sensor data and the asset information to the remote processing system  110  for evaluation thereof to determine the one or more operational parameters of the distribution transformer  104  and/or an amount of deterioration of the surge arrester  106 . In some examples, the communications interface  124  can be one of a wireless interface, a wired interface, or a combination thereof. The communications interface  124  can be configured to transmit the sensor data and additional data (e.g., the asset information) over one of a wireless local area network (WLAN), a cellular network (e.g., Long-Term Evolution (LTE) network, a fifth generation (5G) network, etc.), a mesh network or a combination thereof to the remote processing system  110 . 
     In some examples, the TPM device  102  can include a global positioning system (GPS)  126 . The GPS  126  can be configured to provide location information for the distribution transformer  104 . The controller  120  can be configured to communicate the location information to the remote processing system  110  via the communications interface  124 . The TPM device  102  can further include the light-emitting device  122  (e.g., a light-emitting diode (LED)). The light-emitting device  122  can be actuated to emit light (e.g., a red light) by the controller  120 , for example, in response to a pressure sensor signal from the pressure tank sensor characterizing the pressure inside the tank being equal to or greater than a pressure tank threshold (e.g., about 3 pounds per square inch (psi)). Thus, the controller  120  can be configured to employ pressure sensor data corresponding to the pressure sensor signal to visually alert personnel that the pressure inside the tank is greater than or equal to the pressure tank threshold. In some examples, the light-emitting device  122  can be actuated to emit light by controller  120  in response the controller  102  determining that the amount of oil in the oil tank is equal to or less than an oil level threshold based on oil level sensor data provided by the oil level sensor. 
     In additional or alternative examples, the controller  120  can be configured to cause the light-emitting device  122  to be actuated in response to a surge arrester integrity signal from the surge arrester sensor  118  indicating a failure in the surge arrestor  106 . In some examples, the device  102  can include a plurality of light-emitting devices  122  that are configured to emit a unique light indicative of a corresponding condition associated with the distribution transformer  102  or the surge arrester  106 . For example, a first light-emitting device  122  can be configured to emit a first light to visually alert the personnel that the pressure inside the tank is greater than or equal to the pressure tank threshold, and a second light-emitting device  122  can be configured to emit a second light to visually alert the personnel that the surge arrestor  106  is experiencing a failure. In some examples, the first and second lights emitted by respective light-emitting devices  122  are similar light colors and in other examples are different light colors. Thus, the light-emitting device  122  can be employed to alert the personnel (e.g., visually) that the distribution transformer  104  and/or the surge arrester  106  may need repair (or replacement) or the location of where a system fault may have occurred. 
     In additional or alternative examples, the controller  120  can be configured to alert personnel to the location of distribution transformer  104  that may have been subjected to electrical surges and/or sags (e.g., system faults) by communicating fault alert data to the remote processing system  110 . Each sensor  116  or  118  or an aggregate of sensors  116  and  118  can communicate with the controller  120 . The controller  120  can be configured to receive respective sensor data and evaluate the respective sensor data (e.g., relative to corresponding sensor thresholds) and provide the fault alert data to the remote processing system  110 . In some examples, the fault alert data can identify a respective sensor of the sensors  116  and  118  based on the evaluation of the respective sensor data relative to a corresponding sensor threshold, and the identified respective sensor can be indicative of a particular fault at the distribution transformer  104 . In some examples, the remote processing system  110  can provide a fault location model that can assist with restoration efforts by communicating back a location, a frequency, and intensity of a distribution transformer fault. 
     In some examples, the distribution transformer sensors  116  includes the oil level sensor and the oil tank temperature sensor, which respectively can be configured to measure (e.g., capture, record, etc.) oil level and oil temperature data. The oil level and oil temperature data can be provided to the controller  120 . The controller  120  can be configured to communicate the oil level and oil temperature data via the network  108  to the remote processing system  110 . The sensor processing engine  112  can be configured to evaluate the oil level and oil temperature data to determine the oil level of the oil in the tank and/or the temperature of the oil in the tank. In some examples, the sensor processing engine  112  can be configured to compare the oil level data to a respective oil level threshold and the oil temperature data to a respective oil temperature threshold. In response to the oil level and/or oil temperature data being greater than or equal to a corresponding threshold, personnel can be alerted and can take appropriate action to mitigate distribution transformer failure. The communicated oil temperature data, and in some examples in combination with ambient temp and load (current) data generated by respective distribution transformer sensors  116  can be processed by the sensor processing engine  112  to calculate a cumulative loss of life and assist with end of life determination and asset health performance. 
     In some examples, the distribution transformer sensors  116  can include one or more current sensors that can be positioned relative to low voltage connections of the distribution transformer  104 . In an example, the one or more current sensors include Rogowski coils or other forms of CT sensor coils. The one or more current sensors can be configured to sensing current flowing through the low voltage connections to provide sensor current data. The sensor current data can be provided to the controller  120  for communication to the remote processing system  110 . In some examples, the remote processing system  110  can be configured to utilize the sensor data generated by the distribution transformer sensors  116  and/or the surge arrester sensor  118  by employing the prediction engine  114  to provide predictive asset maintenance (e.g., predict a transformer failure time) or notify (e.g., alert) personnel that the distribution transformer  104  may need maintenance (or replacement). In some examples, the prediction engine  114  can be configured to employ machine learning algorithms to process the sensor data to provide predictive maintenance information. The predictive maintenance information can be provided to an output device  128  for display thereon. Thus, the predictive maintenance information can identify when the distribution transformer  104  is likely to fail. The output device  128  can include one or more displays, such as a monitor, heads up display, cellular “app”, virtual or augmented reality headset, or goggles which can be integrated with the remote processing system  110 . 
     By way of example, the sensor processing engine  112  can be configured to evaluate the sensor data and generate sensor historical information characterizing a performance of one or more operational parameters of the distribution transformer  104  over a period of time (e.g., operating life cycle). The sensor historical information can be displayed on the output device  128 . In some examples, the distribution transformer sensors  116  can include one or more current sensors that can be positioned relative to high voltage connections of the distribution transformer  104 . In an example, the one or more current sensors include Rogowski coils or other forms of CT sensor coils. The one or more current sensors can be configured to sensing current flowing through the high voltage connections to provide sensor current data. The sensor current data can be provided to the controller  120  for communication to the remote processing system  110 . 
     In some examples, the remote processing system  110  can be configured to utilize the sensor data generated by the distribution transformer sensors  116  and/or the surge arrester sensor  118  by employing the prediction engine  114  to indicate current on the high and low side of the transformer (e.g., communicate a transformer failure by using a differential current methodology from high to low) or notify (e.g., alert) personnel that the distribution transformer  104  may need maintenance (or replacement). In some examples, the sensor processing engine  112  can be configured to cause the location information provided by the GPS  126  to be displayed on a graphical map (e.g., on a mapping service, such as a web mapping service) on the output device  128  to inform the user as to a location (e.g., GPS coordinate, street location, etc.) of the distribution transformer  104 . Accordingly, the TPM device  102  device allows for remote monitoring of the transformer and arrester operational parameters, such that personnel can take appropriate actions or measures to minimize transformer and arrester failures and improve overall maintenance or performance of the transformer and arrester, as well as improve response times in the case of the complete transformer or arrester failure. 
     In some examples, the distribution transformer  104  can be retrofitted with the TPM device  102 . For example, a pressure relief valve of the distribution transformer  104  can be detached to provide access to a pressure valve receiving port of the distribution transformer  104 . In some examples, the pressure relief valve can be untightened from the pressure valve receiving port to provide access to a threaded hole of the pressure valve receiving port. An adapter can be mounted relative to the pressure valve receiving port (e.g., a cylindrical pressure valve receiving port), such that the adapter surrounds the pressure valve receiving port. The pressure valve receiving port can be configured such that a portion of the cylindrical pressure valve receiving port extends away from a body of the distribution transformer  104 . In some examples, the cylindrical adapter can be positioned relative to the cylindrical pressure valve receiving port, such that the portion of the cylindrical pressure valve receiving port extending away from the body of the distribution transformer  104  can engage the cylindrical adapter. 
     By way of further example, the TPM device  102  can be positioned relative to the distribution transformer  102 , such that the adapter extends through a first opening of the TPM device  102  (e.g., a body of the TPM device  102 ) to support the TPM device  102 . The TPM device  102  can be secured to the distribution transformer  104  with a fastener to fix (e.g., rigidly) the TPM device  102  to the distribution transformer  104 . The pressure relief valve can be reattached, such that a portion of the pressure relief valve extends through the fastener and the first opening of the TPM device  102  to engage the pressure valve receiving port. In some examples, the cylindrical adapter can be inserted through the first opening and can be configured to extend through the body of the TPM device  102  to a second opening of the TPM device  102 , such that a portion of the cylindrical adapter protrudes through the second opening away from the body of the distribution transformer  104 . In some examples, the portion of the cylindrical adapter protruding away from the second opening can include external threads. In these examples, a threaded nut can be attached to the portion of the cylindrical adapter protruding away from the body of the distribution transformer  104  by rotating the threaded nut relative to the external threads to rigidly secure the TPM device  102  to the distribution transformer  104 . 
     In some examples, the pressure relief valve can include a cylindrical valve body and external threads at an end opposite of an end that can include a valve head. In these examples, the portion of the cylindrical adapter protruding away from the body of the distribution transformer  104  can include internal threads. The pressure relief valve can be attached by inserting the external threads of the pressure relief valve into the cylindrical adapter and threading the pressure relief valve onto the cylindrical adapter by rotating the pressure relief valve relative to the cylindrical adapter to secure the pressure relief valve to the distribution transformer  104 . 
     By way of further example, to retrofit the distribution transformer  104 , a wire harness device  130  can be employed. Although  FIG.  1    illustrates the wire harness device  130  separate from the TPM device  102 , in some examples, the wire harness device  130  can form part of the TPM device  102 . The wire harness device  130  can include a first end and a second end. The first end of the wire harness device  130  can be connected to the TPM device  102  to enable the controller  120  to communicate with one or more sensors and/or light emitting devices of the wire harness device  130 . In some examples, the wire harness device  130  can include the light-emitting device  122 . The second end of the wire harness device  130  can be routed along an outer surface of the distribution transformer  104  toward one of an undercarriage of the pole type distribution transformer, an outer edge of an air space of the pad mounted type distribution transformer or an exterior surface of the vault type distribution transformer, such that the light emitting device  122  of the wire harness device  130  can be located at a location on the distribution transformer  104  that allows for visual identification, such as by a user (e.g., personnel). 
     In some examples, the second end of the wire harness device  130  can include a plurality of wire harness sensors and can be further routed along the outer surface of the distribution transformer  104  toward bushings of the distribution transformer  104  for voltage, current and temperature sensing. The plurality of wire harness sensors can correspond to a portion of the distribution sensors  116 . The plurality of wire harness sensors can be positioned relative to the bushings to sense a current flowing through and the voltage at the bushings and the temperature of the bushings. The wire harness device  130  can include along a face proximate to the outer surface of the body of the distribution transformer  104  one of adhesive or magnetic anchors to secure the wire harness device  130  to the body of the distribution transformer  104 . 
     In some examples, to retrofit the distribution transformer  104  with the TPM device  102 , a mounting bracket can be positioned relative to at least one arrester nut of the distribution transformer  104 , such that the at least one arrester nut protrudes away from the distribution transformer  104  through a slot opening (e.g., a mounting slot) of the mounting bracket. The mounting bracket can be aligned (e.g., slid up and/or down), such that an upper portion of the mounting bracket is positioned a distance above an oil fill hole of the distribution transformer  104 . The mounting bracket can be secured to the distribution transformer  104  via at least one bolt. The TPM device  102  can be secured to the mounting bracket to enable the TPM device  102  to detect an oil level of oil inside the distribution transformer  014 . Accordingly, the distribution transformer  104  can be retrofitted with the TPM device  102  without requiring replacement or extensive modification of the distribution transformer, and in some examples, enable the oil level inside the distribution transformer  104  to be externally monitored. 
       FIGS.  2 - 4    is an example of a block representation of transformer monitoring functionality and processing. The block diagrams illustrated in  FIGS.  2 - 4    can be associated with one or more aspects of operations of the TPM device  102  and the remote processing system  110 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1   . Therefore, reference may be made to the example of  FIG.  1    in the following description of the example of  FIGS.  2 - 4   . As illustrated in  FIGS.  2 - 4   , at block diagram  202  the TPM device  102  can be configured to provide sensor data associated with a plurality of different operational parameters of the distribution transformer  104  and the surge arrester  106 . In some examples, the TPM device  102  is configured to provide non-sensor data, such as asset information and location information. By way of example, at block diagram  202 , the sensor and non-sensor data that can be provided by the TPM device  102  can include oil temperature data, tank temperature data, oil level data, asset data, ambient temperature data, internal tank pressure data, transformer or pole position or tilt data, transformer location data, transformer load (primary and secondary) data, transformer secondary connection temperature data, surge arrester integrity data, and annunciation for transformer fault location. The data associated with the distribution transformer  104  or the surge arrester  106 , as illustrated in  FIGS.  2 - 4    at block diagram  204 , can be monitored via a plurality of different types of sensors or according to different methodologies, as illustrated at block diagram  206 . As illustrated at block diagram  208 , the data can be employed for determining a plurality of operational parameters of the distribution transformer  104  and a condition of the surge arrester  106 . At block diagram  208 , analytical and function thresholds for alerting can be implemented (e.g., at the remote processing system  110  and in some examples at the controller  120 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1   ), such that personnel can take appropriate action. 
     In some examples, a network  210 , such as the network  108 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1   , can be employed to communicate the sensor and non-sensor data to a remote processing system  212  at the block diagram  202 . The remote processing system  212  can correspond to the remote processing system  110 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1   . The remote processing system  212  can be configured to implement at least some of the analytical and function thresholds for the alerting illustrated at the block diagram  208 . The remote processing system  212  can be configured to generate an electric utility dashboard that can be displayed on a display device  214 . The display device  214  can correspond to the output device  128 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1   . The remote processing system  212  can be configured to alert personnel of distribution transformer or surge arrester failures via the dashboard and can employ artificial intelligence algorithms based on the data at block diagram  202  to identify overloading and make failure predictions for the distribution transformer  104  and the surge arrester  106 . 
     In further examples, the remote processing system  212  can be configured to utilize dynamic loading criteria based on ambient temperature conditions and peak loading or contingency operations. In additional or other examples, the remote processing system  212  can be configured to provide situational awareness information for the distribution transformer  104  or the surge arrester  106 . The situational awareness information can include asset information, asset location information, loss of oil information, bad or loose connection information, surge arrester functionality information, improper mechanical installation information, transformer damage information, pole information, faulted transformer information, theft of power, and arrester health along with location identification information. The situational awareness information can be provided via the dashboard being displayed on the display device  214 . 
       FIG.  5    is an example of distribution transformers  502  and  504  retrofitted with a TPM device  506 . In some examples, the distribution transformers  502  and  504  can correspond to the distribution transformer  104  and the TPM device  506  can correspond to the TPM device  102 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1   . Therefore, reference may be made to the example of  FIG.  1    in the following description of the example of  FIG.  5   . The distribution transformer  502  can correspond to a pole-mounted distribution transformer and the distribution transformer  504  can correspond to a pad-mounted distribution transformer. The pole-mounted distribution transformer  502  and the pad-mounted distribution transformer  504  can be retrofitted with the TPM device  506  according to the methods described herein. 
     In some examples, the pole-mounted distribution transformer  502  can include surge arrester sensors  508 , which the TPM device  506  can be configured to monitor for determining an integrity of surge arrestors (not shown in  FIG.  5   ), such as at a remote processing system (e.g., the remote processing system  110 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1   ). In some examples, primary distribution lines  510  can be coupled to respective primary bushings  512  of the distribution transformer  502  which can be associated with a corresponding arrestor with which a respective arrester sensor  508  can be associated. By way of further example, the pole-mounted distribution transformer  502  can include secondary bushings  514  for coupling to secondary distribution lines (not shown in  FIG.  5   ) for distributing power, such as to a consumer, a business, etc. As illustrated in  FIG.  5   , the pole-mounted distribution transformer  502  can be supported (e.g., mounted) on a pole  516  by a distribution mounting apparatus  518 . 
     In some examples, the pole-mounted distribution transformer  502  can include CT/Rogowski coils  520  for sensing current flowing through the secondary bushings  514 . The sensor current information from the CT/Rogowski coils  520  can be provided to the TPM device  506  for processing and/or communicating to a remote processing system (e.g., the remote processing system  110 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1   ). Although  FIG.  5    illustrates CT/Rogowski coils  520  for sensing current flowing through the secondary bushings  514 , in additional or alternative examples respective CT/Rogowski coils  520  can be employed to sense the current flowing through the primary bushings  512 . 
     In some examples, the pad-mounted distribution transformer  504  can be supported by a mounting pad  522  (e.g., a concrete pad). The pad-mounted distribution transformer  504  can include respective surge arrester sensors  508  as the pole-mounted distribution transformer  504 , and thus the TPM device  506  can be configured to monitor surge arrestor integrity of respective surge arrestors at the pad-mounted distribution transformer  504 . By way of further example, the pad-mounted distribution transformer  504  can include primary and secondary bushings  512  and  514  for receiving and distributing power such as the pole-mounted distribution transformer  502 . In further examples, the pad-mounted distribution transformer  504  can be configured with CT/Rogowski coils  520  with respect to primary and/or secondary bushings  512  and  514  of the pad-mounted distribution transformer for sensing current flow through a respective bushing. 
     In some examples, each of the pole and pad-mounted distribution transformers  502  and  504  can further include a location  524  for mounting a light emitting device (e.g., the light emitting device  126 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1   ). The light-emitting device can be actuated to alert a user (e.g., personnel) in response to an event at the pole or pad-mounted distribution transformer  502  and  504 , such as when a pressure of an oil tank (not shown in  FIG.  5   ) of the pole or pad-mounted distribution transformer  502  and  504  exceeds a threshold reference. 
     In view of the foregoing structural and functional features described above, an example method will be better appreciated with reference to  FIGS.  6 - 10   . While, for purposes of simplicity of explanation, the example methods of  FIGS.  6 - 10    are shown and described as executing serially, it is to be understood and appreciated that the present example is not limited by the illustrated order, as some actions could in other examples occur in different orders, multiple times or concurrently from that shown and described herein. 
       FIG.  6    is a flow diagram depicting an example of a method  600  for retrofitting a distribution transformer. An existing distribution transformer (e.g., the distribution transformer  104 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1    or the distribution transformer  502  or the  504 , as illustrated in  FIG.  5   ) can be retrofitted with a TPM device (e.g., the TPM device  102 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1    or the TPM device  506 , as illustrated in  FIG.  5   ) according to the method  600  to allow for remote monitoring of transformer or surge arrester operational parameters, such as described herein. In some examples, the method  600  can be implemented without the removal of the distribution transformer from a transformer mounting apparatus for mounting the distribution transformer, disconnecting the distribution transformer from a distribution line, and/or while the distribution transformer is operational. 
     The method  600  can begin at  602  by a pressure relief valve being detached from a distribution transformer to provide access to a pressure valve receiving port of the distribution transformer. At  604 , an adapter can be mounted relative to the pressure valve receiving port such that the adapter can surround the pressure valve receiving port. At  606 , a TPM device (e.g., the TPM device  102 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1   ) can be positioned relative to the distribution transformer, such that the adapter can extend through an opening of a housing of the TPM device to support the TPM device. At  608 , the housing of the TPM device can be secured with a fastener to the distribution transformer to rigidly fix the TPM device to the distribution transformer. At  610 , the pressure relief valve can be attached, such that a portion of the pressure relief valve extends through the fastener and the opening of the housing of the TPM device to engage the pressure valve receiving port, and thereby securing the pressure relief valve to the distribution transformer. 
       FIG.  7    is a flow diagram depicting another example of a method  500  for retrofitting a distribution transformer. An existing distribution transformer (e.g., the distribution transformer  104 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1    or the distribution transformer  502  or the  504 , as illustrated in  FIG.  5   ) can be retrofitted with a TPM device (e.g., the TPM device  102 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1    or the TPM device  506 , as illustrated in  FIG.  5   ) according to the method  700  to allow for remote monitoring of transformer or surge arrester operational parameters, such as described herein. In some examples, the method  700  can be implemented without the removal of the distribution transformer from a transformer mounting apparatus for mounting the distribution transformer, disconnecting the distribution transformer from a distribution line, and/or while the distribution transformer is operational. 
     The method  700  can begin at  702  by detaching a pressure relief valve from the distribution transformer to provide access to a threaded hole of a cylindrical pressure valve receiving port of the distribution transformer. At  704 , a cylindrical adapter can be positioned relative to the cylindrical pressure valve receiving port, such that a portion extending away from a body of the distribution transformer engages the cylindrical adapter. At  706 , the cylindrical adapter can be inserted through a first opening of a TPM device (e.g., the TPM device  102 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1   ) to extend the cylindrical adapter through a body of the TPM device to a second opening of the TPM device, such that a portion of the cylindrical adapter protrudes through the second opening away from the body of the distribution transformer. The portion of the cylindrical adapter protruding away from the second opening can include external threads. At  708 , a threaded nut can be attached to the portion of the cylindrical adapter protruding away from the body of the distribution transformer by rotating the threaded nut relative to the external threads to rigidly secure the TPM device to the distribution transformer. At  710 , the pressure relief valve can be attached, such that a portion of the pressure relief valve engages the cylindrical pressure valve receiving port. 
       FIG.  8    is a flow diagram depicting another example of a method  800  for retrofitting a distribution transformer. An existing distribution transformer (e.g., the distribution transformer  104 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1    or the distribution transformer  502 , as illustrated in  FIG.  5   ) can be retrofitted with a TPM device (e.g., the TPM device  102 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1    or the TPM device  506 , as illustrated in  FIG.  5   ) according to the method  800  to allow for remote monitoring of transformer or surge arrester operational parameters, such as described herein. In some examples, the method  800  can be implemented without the removal of the distribution transformer from a transformer mounting apparatus for mounting the distribution transformer, disconnecting the distribution transformer from a distribution line, and/or while the distribution transformer is operational. 
     The method  800  can begin at  802  by positioning a mounting bracket relative to at least one arrester nut of the distribution transformer, such that the at least one arrester nut protrudes away from the distribution transformer through a slot opening (e.g., a mounting slot) of the mounting bracket. At  804 , the mounting bracket can be aligned (e.g., slid up and/or down), such that an upper portion of the mounting bracket is positioned a distance above an oil fill hole of the distribution transformer. For example, the mounting bracket can be aligned by sliding the mounting bracket up and/or down relative to a side (e.g., surface) of the distribution transformer while the at least one arrester nut protrudes through the slot opening of the mounting bracket to position the upper portion of the mounting bracket at the distance above the oil fill hole. In some examples, the mounting bracket can be aligned while the at least one arrester nut protrudes through the slot opening of the mounting bracket, such that the TPM device can be enabled to detect an oil level of oil inside the distribution transformer. By way of further example, the upper portion of the mounting bracket can include an alignment mark for aligning the upper portion of the mounting bracket at the distance above the oil fill hole. 
     At  806 , the mounting bracket can be secured to the distribution transformer via at least one bolt. In some examples, the mounting bracket is secured by threading the at least one arrester nut onto the at least one bolt. In some examples, a shaft of the at least one bolt is passed through a hole of the at least one arrester nut to secure the mounting bracket to the distribution transformer. At  808 , the TPM device can be secured to the mounting bracket to enable the TPM device to detect the oil level of oil inside the distribution transformer, and some examples, other conditions or physical characteristics associated with the distribution transformer and/or surge arrester, as described herein. 
     By way of further example, the TPM device can include at least one oil sensor that can be configured to detect the oil level of the oil inside of the distribution transformer. The at least one oil sensor can be located in an upper portion of the TPM device. Because the at least one oil sensor is located in the upper portion of the TPM device and the mounting bracket was positioned relative to the oil fill hole, the mounting of the TPM device on the mounting bracket positions the at least one oil sensor proximal to the oil inside of the distribution transformer, thereby enabling oil level detection of the oil inside of the distribution transformer. Accordingly, the TPM device can externally measure the oil level of the oil inside the distribution transformer and other associated physical conditions and/or parameters of the distribution transformer and the surge arrester, as described herein. Accordingly, the distribution transformer can be retrofitted with the TPM device without requiring replacement or extensive modification of the distribution transformer and allows for monitoring of the oil level inside the distribution and in some examples associated physical conditions and/or parameters of the distribution transformer (e.g., a pressure inside in the oil tank), or the surge arrester. 
       FIG.  9    is a flow diagram depicting an even further example of a method  900  for retrofitting a distribution transformer. An existing distribution transformer (e.g., the distribution transformer  104 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1    or the distribution transformer  502  or the  504 , as illustrated in  FIG.  5   ) can be retrofitted with a TPM device (e.g., the TPM device  102 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1    or the TPM device  506 , as illustrated in  FIG.  5   ) according to the method  900  to allow for remote monitoring of transformer or surge arrester operational parameters, such as described herein. 
     The method  900  can begin at  902  by detaching a pressure relief valve  904  of a distribution transformer  906  to provide access to a pressure valve receiving port  908  of the distribution transformer  906 . In some examples, the pressure relief valve  904  can be untightened from the pressure valve receiving port  908  to provide access to a threaded hole of the pressure valve receiving port  908 . The method  900  can include at  910  mounting an adapter  912  (e.g., a cylindrical adapter) relative to the pressure valve receiving port (e.g., a cylindrical pressure valve receiving port)  908 , such that the adapter  912  surrounds the pressure valve receiving port. The pressure valve receiving port  908  can be configured such that a portion of the cylindrical pressure valve receiving port  908  extends away from a body of the distribution transformer  906 . In some examples, the cylindrical adapter  912  can be positioned relative to the cylindrical pressure valve receiving port  908 , such that the portion of the cylindrical pressure valve receiving port  908  extending away from the body of the distribution transformer  906  can engage the cylindrical adapter  912 . 
     The method  900  can include at  914  positioning a TPM device  916  relative to the distribution transformer  906 , such that the adapter  912  extends through a first opening of the TPM device  916  (e.g., a body of the TPM device  916 ) to support the TPM device  916 . The method  900  can include at  918  securing the TPM device  916  to the distribution transformer  906  with a fastener  920  to fix (e.g., rigidly) the TPM device  916 . At  922 , the method  900  can include reattaching the pressure relief valve  904 , such that a portion of the pressure relief valve  904  extends through the fastener  920  and the first opening of the TPM device  914  to engage the pressure valve receiving port  908 . 
     In some examples, the cylindrical adapter  912  can be inserted through the first opening and can be configured to extend through the body of the TPM device  916  to a second opening of the TPM device  916 , such that a portion of the cylindrical adapter  912  protrudes through the second opening away from the body of the distribution transformer  906 . In some examples, the portion of the cylindrical adapter  912  protruding away from the second opening can include external threads. In these examples, a threaded nut can be attached to the portion of the cylindrical adapter  912  protruding away from the body of the distribution transformer  906  by rotating the threaded nut relative to the external threads to rigidly secure the TPM device  916  to the distribution transformer  906 . 
     In some examples, the pressure relief valve  904  can include a cylindrical valve body and external threads at an end opposite of an end that can include a valve head. In these examples, the portion of the cylindrical adapter  912  protruding away from the body of the distribution transformer  906  can include internal threads. The pressure relief valve  904  can be attached by inserting the external threads of the pressure relief valve  904  into the cylindrical adapter  912  and threading the pressure relief valve  904  onto the cylindrical adapter  912  by rotating the pressure relief valve  904  relative to the cylindrical adapter  912  to secure the pressure relief valve  904  to the distribution transformer  906 . 
     The method  900  can include at  924  routing a wire harness device  926  from the TPM device  916  to an undercarriage of the distribution transformer  906 . The wire harness device  926  can include a first end and a second end. The first end of the wire harness device  926  can be connected to the TPM device  916  to enable a controller of the TPM device  916  (e.g., the controller  120 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1   ) to communicate with one or more sensors and/or light-emitting devices (e.g., the light-emitting device  122 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1   ) of the wire harness device  926 . In some examples, the wire harness device  926  can include the light-emitting device  928 . In some examples, at  924 , the second end of the wire harness device  926  can be routed along an outer surface of the distribution transformer  916  toward an undercarriage of the pole type distribution transformer, such that the light emitting device  928  can be located at a location (e.g., the undercarriage) on the distribution transformer  916  that allows for visual identification, such as by a user (e.g., personnel). 
     In some examples, at  924 , the second end of the wire harness device  926  can include a plurality of wire harness sensors  930  and can be further routed along the outer surface of the distribution transformer  906  toward primary and secondary bushing connections  932  of the distribution transformer  906  for current and temperature sensing. The plurality of wire harness sensors  930  can be positioned relative to the bushings  932  to sense a current flowing through the bushings  932  and a temperature of the bushings  932 . The wire harness device  926  can include along a face proximate to the outer surface of the body of the distribution transformer  906  one of adhesive or magnetic anchors to secure the wire harness device  926  to the body of the distribution transformer  906 . Accordingly, the distribution transformer  906  can be retrofitted with the TPM device  916  without requiring replacement or extensive modification of the distribution transformer  906 . 
       FIG.  10    is a flow diagram depicting another example of a method  1000  for retrofitting a distribution transformer. An existing distribution transformer (e.g., the distribution transformer  104 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1    or the distribution transformer  502  and the  504 , as illustrated in  FIG.  5   ) can be retrofitted with a TPM device (e.g., the TPM device  102 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1    or the TPM device  506 , as illustrated in  FIG.  5   ) according to the method  1000  to allow for remote monitoring of transformer or surge arrester operational parameters, such as described herein. 
     The method  1000  can begin at  1002  by positioning a mounting bracket  1004  relative to a set of arrester nuts  1006  on a distribution transformer  1008 , such that the set of arrester nuts  1006  protrudes away from the distribution transformer  1008  through a mounting slot opening  1010  of the mounting bracket  1004 . For example, the mounting bracket  1004  can be aligned (e.g., slid up and/or down), such that an alignment mark  1012  of the mounting bracket  1004  is positioned parallel to an oil fill hole  1014  of the distribution transformer  1008 . In some examples, the alignment mark  1012  is positioned parallel to a bottom of the oil fill hole  1014 . In some examples, the alignment mark  1012  is printed or scribed thereon on the mounting bracket  1004 . In other examples, the alignment mark  1012  can be integrated into the mounting bracket  1012 . For example, the alignment mark  1012  can correspond to an alignment rib that extends along at least a portion of a width of the mounting bracket  1012 . Although the distribution transformer  1004  is illustrated in  FIG.  10    as including a set of arrester nuts  1006 , in some examples, the distribution transformer  1004  can include a single arrester nut. 
     The mounting bracket  1004  can include a second opening  1016  to enable the measurement of an oil level of oil inside the distribution transformer  1008 . For example, as described herein, a TPM device  1018  can include at least one oil sensor  1020  that can be configured to measure the oil level of the oil inside of the distribution transformer  1008 . The at least one oil sensor  1020  can be located (e.g., positioned) in an upper portion  1022  of the TPM device  1018 . The TPM device  1018  can be secured to the mounting bracket  1004 , such that at least one oil sensor  1020  is proximal to the second opening  1016 . Because the second opening  1016  is proximal to an oil tank of the distribution transformer  1008  in response to the mounting bracket  1004  being secured to the distribution transformer the TPM device  1018  is located proximal (e.g., next to) to the oil tank inside of the distribution transformer  1008 , such that the oil level of the oil can be detected. 
     In some examples, a plurality of oil sensors  1020  is located in the upper portion  1022  of the TPM device  1018 . The plurality of oil sensors  1020  can be separated by a given distance from each other and arranged in an array. In response to securing the TPM device  1018  to the mounting bracket  1004 , the array of the plurality of sensors  1020  can be located proximal to the oil tank inside of the distribution transformer  1008 , such that the oil level of the oil can be detected. An oil sensor as used herein can include any type of device that can allow for measuring or determining the oil level of the oil inside the distribution transformer. In some examples, the mounting bracket  1004  can include a lip edge  1024  for enabling engagement of the TPM device  1018  with the mounting bracket  1004 . In some examples, the mounting bracket  1004  can include fastener holes  1026  for receiving respective fastener devices to secure the TPM device  1018  to the distribution transformer  1004 . 
     In some examples, at  1028 , the mounting bracket  1004  can be secured to the distribution transformer  1008  via a first set of fastener devices  1030  while the alignment mark  1012  of the mounting bracket  1004  is positioned parallel to the oil fill hole  1014  or the bottom of the oil fill hole  1014 . In some examples, the mounting bracket  1004  can be secured by threading the set of arrester nuts  1006  onto a set of bolts corresponding to the first set of fastener devices  1030 . In some examples, a shaft of each bolt can be passed through a hole of a respective arrester nut  1006  to secure the mounting bracket  1004  to the distribution transformer  1008 . 
     In some examples, at  1032 , the TPM device  1018  can be positioned relative to the mounting bracket  1004  to couple the TPM device  1018  to the mounting bracket  1004 . For example, a bottom surface  1034  of a housing  1036  of the TPM device  1018  can be positioned proximal to the mounting bracket  1004 . In some examples, the TPM device  1018  can include a curved edge  1038  that curves downward on the bottom surface  1034  of the housing  1036 . The TPM device  1018  can be configured to engage the curved edge  1038  and the lip edge  1024 , which can curve upward, to couple the TPM device  1018  to the mounting bracket  1004 . In some examples, the TPM device  1018  can be toed-in on the top and rotated to couple the TPM device  1018  to the mounting bracket  1004 . In some examples, the TPM device  1018  is positioned relative to the mounting bracket  1004 , such that corresponding fastener holes  1040  of the TPM device  1018  align with the respective fastener holes  1026 . By way of further example, the TPM device  1018  can be positioned relative to the mounting bracket  1004 , such that the at least one oil sensor  1020  is positioned with the second opening  1016 , which is illustrated at  1032  with a set of dashed-lines  1042 . Because the second opening  1016  is proximal to the oil tank inside of the distribution transformer  1008  the at least one oil sensor  1020  can be located proximal (e.g., next to) to the oil inside of the distribution transformer  1008 , such that the oil level of the oil can be detected. 
     In some examples, at  1044 , a second set of fastener devices  1046  can be employed by passing respective shafts of the second set of fastener devices  1046  through corresponding fastener holes  1026  and  1040  in response to aligning the fastener holes  1040  with the fastener holes  1026 . In some examples, the second set of fastener devices  1042  can correspond to screws. Although  FIG.  10    illustrates the use of screws as the second set of fastener devices  1046  to secure the TPM device  1018  to the mounting bracket  1004 , in other examples, a different securing mechanism can be used to secure the TPM device  1018  to the mounting bracket  1004 . 
     In some examples, at  1048 , a plurality of cables  1050  extending from the TPM device  1018  can be routed to respective bushings  1052  (e.g., on a low-side and/or high-side) of the distribution transformer  1008  to monitor corresponding transformer parameters. In some examples, a first set of cables of the plurality of cables  1050  can be coupled to Rogowski coils  1054  and positioned to measure a current flowing through each respective bushing  1052 . In additional or alternative examples, a second set of cables of the plurality of cables  1050  corresponding to AC cables can be coupled to respective bushings  1052 . 
     In some examples, at  1056 , a pressure relief device  1058  (e.g., valve) of the distribution transformer  1008  can be removed to provide access to a pressure valve receiving port  1060  of the distribution transformer  1008 . In some examples, at  1056 , a pressure splitting valve  1062  (e.g., a T-shaped pressure splitting valve) can be coupled to the pressure valve receiver port  1060 . A first portion of the pressure splitting valve  1062  can be coupled to the pressure valve receiver port  1060  to secure the pressure splitting valve  1062  to the distribution transformer  1008 . At  1064 , a pressure sensor  1066  can be secured to a second portion of the pressure split valve  1062 . For example, the pressure sensor  1066  can be coupled to (e.g., twisted into) the second portion of the pressure splitting valve  1062  to secure the pressure sensor  1066  to the distribution transformer  1008 . By way of further example, at  1064 , a given cable  1068  of the plurality of cables  1050  of the TPM device  1018  can be secured to the pressure sensor  1066  to enable pressure sensing of the distribution transformer  1008 . At  1070 , the pressure relief device  1058  can be attached to a third portion of the pressure split valve  1062  to allow for relieving excessive buildup of pressure within the distribution transformer  1008 . 
     In some examples, at  1072 , a wire harness device  1074  can be routed from the TPM device  1018  to an undercarriage of the distribution transformer  1008 . In some examples, the wire harness device  1074  can be similar to the wire harness device  130 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1    or the wire harness device  926 , as illustrated in  FIG.  9   . The wire harness device  1074  can include a first end and a second end. The first end of the wire harness device  1074  can be connected to the TPM device  1018  to enable a controller of the TPM device  1018  (e.g., the controller  120 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1   ) to communicate with one or more sensors and/or light-emitting devices (e.g., the light-emitting device  122 , as illustrated in  FIG.  1   ) of the wire harness device  1074 . In some examples, the wire harness device  1074  can include the light-emitting device  1076 . In some examples, at  1072 , the second end of the wire harness device  1074  can be routed along an outer surface of the distribution transformer  1008  toward the undercarriage of distribution transformer  1008 , such that the light emitting device  1076  can be positioned at the undercarriage of the distribution transformer  1008  to allow for visual identification, such as by a user (e.g., personnel). The wire harness device  1074  can include along a face proximate to the outer surface of the body of the distribution transformer  1004  one of adhesive or magnetic anchors to secure the wire harness device  1074  to the body of the distribution transformer  1008 . 
     Accordingly, the distribution transformer  1008  can be retrofitted with the TPM device  1018  without requiring replacement or extensive modification of the distribution transformer  1008  and allows for monitoring of the oil level inside the distribution transformer  1008  and in some examples a pressure inside in the oil tank. 
     What has been described above are examples. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components or methods, as further combinations and permutations are possible. Accordingly, the disclosure is intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications, and variations that fall within the scope of this application, including the appended claims. Where the disclosure or claims recite “a,” “an,” “a first,” or “another” element, or the equivalent thereof, it should be interpreted to include one or more than one such element, neither requiring nor excluding two or more such elements. As used herein, the term “includes” means includes but not limited to, the term “including” means including but not limited to. The term “based on” means based at least in part on.