Patent Publication Number: US-2023156973-A1

Title: Systems and methods for air cooling of equipment in data center campuses

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS AND PRIORITY CLAIM 
     This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/280,572 filed on Nov. 17, 2021, and to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/308,468 filed on Feb. 9, 2022, both of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to data centers and, in particular, to systems and methods for improved air cooling of equipment in data center campuses. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Most data centers are a single story building due in large part to the large amount of physical infrastructure required for cooling. This infrastructure includes, but is not limited to, cooling towers, chillers, pipe work, and air handling units, all used individually or in some combination to reject the heat from the data center computing equipment. Some data centers feature multiple single-story or multi-story buildings arranged close to each other in a campus configuration. Some of these data centers use unconditioned outside air delivered to the computer equipment at a prescribed temperature and relative humidity with little or no mechanical cooling. 
     SUMMARY 
     This disclosure provides systems and methods for improved air cooling of equipment in data center campuses. 
     In a first embodiment, a system includes multiple buildings including a first building and a second building disposed in close proximity to each other. Each of the buildings has a first end configured to receive ambient supply air from an exterior environment and a second end configured to output exhaust air to the exterior environment. Each of the buildings contains multiple computing devices. The computing devices in each building are configured to generate thermal energy that is transmitted to the supply air, thereby heating the supply air into the exhaust air before the exhaust air exits that building. The first end of the first building is a closest end to the second building and the first end of the second building is a closest end to the first building. The first end of the first building and the first end of the second building form portions of a supply air corridor between the first building and the second building. 
     In a second embodiment, a method includes, at each of multiple buildings including a first building and a second building disposed in close proximity to each other: (i) receiving ambient supply air from an exterior environment at a first end and outputting exhaust air to the exterior environment at a second end, each of the buildings containing multiple computing devices, (ii) generating thermal energy by multiple computing devices disposed in that building; and (iii) transmitting the thermal energy to the supply air, thereby heating the supply air into the exhaust air before the exhaust air exits that building. The first end of the first building is a closest end to the second building and the first end of the second building is a closest end to the first building. The first end of the first building and the first end of the second building form portions of a supply air corridor between the first building and the second building. 
     Other technical features may be readily apparent to one skilled in the art from the following figures, descriptions, and claims. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIGS.  1 A and  1 B  illustrate an example data center campus in which one or more methods for improved air cooling of equipment can be employed according to various embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  2    illustrates another example data center campus in which one or more methods for improved air cooling of equipment can be employed according to various embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  3    illustrates an example mixing box that can be used in conjunction with the data center campus of  FIG.  2   ; 
         FIG.  4    illustrates an example building in which exhaust air is reused according to various embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  5    illustrates another example data center campus in which exhaust air is reused according to various embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  6    illustrates an example building in which data center equipment is arranged in alternating configurations according to various embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  7    illustrates another example mixing box that can be used in conjunction with one or more of the data center campuses described herein, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  8    illustrates an example building on which multiple mixing boxes are installed according to various embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  9    illustrates the mixing box of  FIG.  3    with multiple example controls according to various embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  10    illustrates the campus of  FIGS.  1 A and  1 B  with multiple example controls according to various embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  11    illustrates additional details of example features of the campus of  FIGS.  1 A and  1 B  in an elevation view according to various embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  12    illustrates another example data center campus in which cold supply air corridors and hot exhaust air corridors can be employed according to various embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  13    illustrates an example campus that includes one or more emergency power generators, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  14    illustrates an example campus that includes a supportive grid between buildings according to various embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  15    illustrates an example campus that is capable of generating power from air currents according to various embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  16    illustrates an example of a computing device for use in a data center cooling system according to various embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIGS.  17 A and  17 B  illustrate examples of an exhausted hot air stream mixing with an ambient cool air stream; 
         FIG.  18    illustrates an example data center building that includes an air diverter structure according to this disclosure; 
         FIG.  19    illustrates an example data center campus in which multiple air diverter structures are used according to this disclosure; 
         FIGS.  20  and  21    illustrate examples of other diverter structures according to various embodiments of the present disclosure; and 
         FIG.  22    illustrates an example method  2200  for improved air cooling of equipment in data center campuses according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The figures discussed below and the various embodiments used to describe the principles of the present disclosure in this patent document are by way of illustration only and should not be construed in any way to limit the scope of the disclosure. Those skilled in the art will understand that the principles of the present disclosure may be implemented in any suitably arranged system or device. 
     For simplicity and clarity, some features and components are not explicitly shown in every figure, including those illustrated in connection with other figures. It will be understood that all features illustrated in the figures may be employed in any of the embodiments described. Omission of a feature or component from a particular figure is for purposes of simplicity and clarity and is not meant to imply that the feature or component cannot be employed in the embodiments described in connection with that figure. It will be understood that embodiments of this disclosure may include any one, more than one, or all of the features described here. Also, embodiments of this disclosure may additionally or alternatively include other features not listed here. 
     As discussed above, most data centers are a single story building due in large part to the large amount of physical infrastructure required for cooling. This infrastructure includes, but is not limited to, cooling towers, chillers, pipe work, and air handling units, all used individually or in some combination to reject the heat from the data center computing equipment. However, some data centers feature multiple multi-story buildings arranged close to each other in a campus configuration. Most of these data centers rely on traditional liquid fluid transfer between cooling components, such as air to fluid transfer and delivery of the heated fluid to the outside atmosphere to be rejected through evaporation, phase change or liquid to air transfer. The physical weight and use of pump energy to move the liquids involves higher construction costs for structural building components and liquid pump energy use. 
     To address these and other issues, embodiments of the present disclosure feature multi-story modular and air side economization techniques that reduce or eliminate the need for traditional liquid fluid transfer between cooling components. The disclosed embodiments also feature techniques for data center campus hot and cold corridor building isolation. Such techniques take the hot and cold aisle concepts typically applied to rack arrangements and expand the concepts to the building site or data center campus footprint. The disclosed embodiments reduce or eliminate the hot air infiltration into the supply air stream. Other benefits will be apparent to those of skill in the art. 
       FIGS.  1 A and  1 B  illustrate an example data center campus  100  in which one or more methods for improved air cooling of equipment can be employed according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In particular,  FIG.  1 A  shows a plan view of the campus  100 , and  FIG.  1 B  shows an elevation view of the campus  100 . The embodiment of the campus  100  shown in  FIGS.  1 A and  1 B  is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the campus  100  could be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure. 
     As shown in  FIGS.  1 A and  1 B , the campus  100  includes multiple buildings  101 - 103  arranged in close proximity to each other. Each building  101 - 103  is a multi-story building. As shown in  FIGS.  1 A and  1 B , the campus  100  includes three buildings  101 - 103  that are each four stories high. Of course, these are merely examples; other campuses could include other numbers of buildings with other numbers of floors. 
     As used herein, the terms “close” and “close proximity” in reference to building placement indicates buildings that are close enough together that the pattern of movement of air between the buildings is affected by the physical presence of the buildings. An extreme example of this is the “air tunnel” phenomenon observed between skyscrapers in urban cores. In some embodiments, “close” may indicate multiple buildings whose distance apart is less than the height of one or more of the buildings. In some embodiments, close may indicate multiple buildings whose distance apart is less than 100 feet. In some embodiments, close may indicate multiple buildings whose distance apart is less than 50 feet. In some embodiments, close may indicate multiple buildings whose distance apart is less than 20 feet. Other distances may be relevant depending on the size, number, height, arrangement, and/or layout of the buildings. 
     The buildings  101 - 103  feature a multi-story modular design that reduces or eliminates the need for traditional liquid fluid transfer between cooling components that, in most cases, relies on air to fluid transfer and delivery of the heated fluid to the outside atmosphere to be rejected through evaporation, phase change, or liquid to air transfer. As described in greater detail below, the buildings  101 - 103  incorporate a cooling system that uses outside air for primary cooling in an open loop configuration. Such a system can reduce upfront and recurring costs over conventional systems. In some embodiments, the highest consumable costs of the system are air filters that clean the ambient air to the prescribed particulate standard(s). Any use of this filtered air more than once within one or more of the buildings  101 - 103  is a direct cost benefit for operations. In addition, the air reuse topology provides lower operating costs for fan power, which can result in a high efficiency, low cost data center to build and operate. 
       FIG.  2    illustrates another example data center campus  200  in which one or more methods for improved air cooling of equipment can be employed according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the campus  200  can represent (or be represented by) the campus  100  of  FIGS.  1 A and  1 B . The embodiment of the campus  200  shown in  FIG.  2    is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the campus  200  could be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure. 
     As shown in  FIG.  2   , the campus  200  includes multiple buildings  201 - 202  arranged in close proximity to each other. Each building  201 - 202  is a multi-story building. In some embodiments, the buildings  201 - 202  can represent (or be represented by) the buildings  101 - 103  of  FIGS.  1 A and  1 B . In  FIG.  2   , the campus  200  includes two buildings  201 - 202  that are each four stories high. Of course, these are merely examples; other campuses could include other numbers of buildings with other numbers of floors. 
     In the campus  200 , supply air  205  enters each building  201 - 202  at one end or side, and exhaust air  210  exits each building  201 - 202  at an opposite end or side. The supply air  205  is used to cool computing devices (e.g., servers) and other heat generating equipment housed within each building  201 - 202 . The supply air  205  may include direct outside air (i.e., air side economization), with little or no thermal or humidity conditioning. In some embodiments, the supply air  205  can be drawn or pulled into the supply air space of each building  201 - 202  by mechanical means (e.g., one or more fans). In some embodiments, the supply air  205  can be driven or pushed into the supply air space of each building  201 - 202  by mechanical means (e.g., one or more fans). In some embodiments, the supply air  205  can be drawn into the supply air space of each building  201 - 202  without any mechanical assistance other than fans associated with the data center computing devices. 
     The supply air  205  entering each building  201 - 202  may enter from one or more locations on the exterior of each building  201 - 202 . As shown in  FIG.  2   , the supply air  205  enters each building  201 - 202  through multiple exterior wall dampers  215  disposed at one end or side of each building  201 - 202 . In some embodiments, the end or side of each building  201 - 202  in which the wall dampers  215  are disposed is the end or side that is closest to the adjacent building  201 - 202 . The exterior wall dampers  215  are located at each floor of each building  201 - 202 . Of course, this is merely one example. In other embodiments, the supply air  205  may enter each building  201 - 202  through any wall, roof, or floor location(s), or a combination thereof. Also, the dampers  215  can represent any suitable grill, louver, duct, damper, or combination thereof, for allowing or controlling passage of air. 
     Once inside each building  201 - 202 , the supply air  205  moves to and around the data center equipment located in each building  201 - 202  in order to receive thermal energy generated by the equipment, thereby acting to cool the equipment. The supply air  205  that reaches the equipment may include direct outside air that can be controllably mixed with warm to hot air from the hot air plenum, mixing and recirculation into the data center supply air aisle. That is, the outside supply air  205  may be mixed or blended with the data center equipment warm air or hot air stream. The mixing or blending could benefit the data center supply air needs by providing a specific range of supply air thermal value or relative humidity of the supply air  205 . 
     As discussed above, in some embodiments, the supply air  205  is primarily or entirely ambient air that has not been conditioned. In some embodiments, design requirements or operational requirements may indicate that the supply air  205  entering one or more buildings  201 - 202  from outside may be conditioned, such as through a direct evaporative process. The direct evaporative process may be used to cool the incoming ambient supply air  205  prior to reaching the supply air aisle of the data center equipment. In some embodiments, the direct evaporative cooling process may include direct air to liquid thermal transfer at the data center walls, roof, floor, or a combination of these. 
     Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the supply air  205  entering one or more buildings  201 - 202  from outside may be conditioned using mechanical means. The mechanical means can include heat rejection that is performed remote to the data center. In some embodiments, the supply air  205  may pass over a coil, membrane, or tube assembly configured to collect thermal energy (heat) from the supply air  205 , through an air to surface contact. The collected thermal energy may be transported as liquid or a gas to a remote heat rejection location, such as a remote heat sink. The remote heat rejection may be in the form of evaporative, phase change, adiabatic, or a combination of these. 
     The exhaust air  210 , which comprises heated air exhausted from the data center computing devices, can be collected in a plenum segregated from the supply air  205  and may be exhausted from each building  201 - 202  through one or more exhaust air vents  220  into the atmosphere. The supply air  205  and the exhaust air  210  may be deployed in segregated paths within the building  201 - 202  or room. In some embodiments, the only ways for the supply air  205  to communicate with the exhaust air  210  is through the data center computing equipment, through one or more passive uncontrolled vents and openings, or through one or more controlled active vents, dampers, and/or mixing chambers supported by fans. 
     The segregation of the exhaust air  210  from the supply air  205  can be important for achieving temperature control and high efficiency operations. In some embodiments, the air segregation can be achieved through a robust system of separator panels, screens, barriers, doors, air sealing components, or the like, between the supply side and exhaust side of the data center airflows. Such separators may be formed of rigid or flexible materials. The separators may be solid or perforated to prevent or allow airflow between the supply and exhaust side. In some embodiments, the air segregation uses a robust system with low leakage rates, e.g., &lt;2%@0.5 in. WC (Inches Water Column), into or out of the different sides of each building  201 - 202 . 
     The exhaust air vents  220  comprise openings in each building  201 - 202 . In  FIG.  2   , the exhaust air vents  220  are disposed at one end or side of each building  201 - 202 . The exhaust air vents  220  are located at each floor of each building  201 - 202 . Of course, this is merely one example. In other embodiments, the exhaust air  210  may leave each building  201 - 202  through any wall, roof, or floor location(s), or a combination thereof. 
     In some embodiments, the heated exhaust air  210  leaving the data center equipment can be drawn or pulled into the data center exhaust air space by mechanical means (e.g., one or more fans). In some embodiments, the heated exhaust air  210  can be driven or pushed into the data center exhaust air space by mechanical means (e.g., one or more fans). In some embodiments, the heated exhaust air  210  can be drawn into the exhaust air space without any mechanical assistance other than fans associated the data center computing devices. In some embodiments, the heated exhaust air  210  may use convection in whole or in part to move the air stream though one of the buildings  201 - 202 . 
     The exhaust air  210  can be used in a single use application in which the exhaust air  210  exits into a designed hot air exhaust area between buildings, and does not mix with supply air entering a space, floor(s) or building. In other embodiments, the exhaust air  210  can be mixed with the entering ambient supply air  205  to meet one or more data center supply air requirements for temperature and relative humidity. Various techniques can be implemented to mix exhaust air  210  and supply air  205 , including but not limited to (i) one or more controlled dampers that open to allow the passive introduction of the exhaust air  210  into the supply air path, (ii) one or more controlled dampers with fans that provide active introduction of the exhaust air  210  into the supply air path, and (iii) one or more mixing boxes that blend the supply air  205  and the exhaust air  210  to precise values specific to temperature and relative humidity prior to entering the data center space, floor, or building  201 - 202 . 
       FIG.  3    illustrates an example mixing box  300  that can be used in conjunction with the data center campus  200  of  FIG.  2   . In particular, the mixing box  300  represents a customized mixing box that can be installed inside the exterior walls of one of the buildings  201 - 202 . In some embodiments, the mixing box  300  can be coupled to one or more of the exterior wall dampers  215 . The embodiment of the mixing box  300  shown in  FIG.  3    is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the mixing box  300  could be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure. 
     As shown in  FIG.  3   , the mixing box  300  and auxiliary components and space elements include one or more recirculation fans  305 , one or more mixing dampers  310 , one or more exhaust air aisle  315  openings, one or more supply air aisle  320  openings, one or more air mixing boxes  325 , one or more air segregation system  330  openings, and one or more exhaust air dampers  335 . Mixing boxes and their components are described in greater detail below. 
     In many implementations, data centers are designed and operated in accordance with various industry standards. Such standards help to ensure consistent and safe operation of data center computing equipment. Many of the standards for air temperature and relative humidity inside the data center are promulgated by the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). ASHRAE commonly uses two sets of thermal guidelines for data centers: Recommended (e.g., temperature range of 18-27° C. (64-81° F.)), and Allowable (temperature range of 5 to 45° C. (41 to 113° F.)). 
     Because computer equipment can operate at a wide range of supply air temperatures, many co-location and cloud data center customers and clients require the data center service providers to use ASHRAE Recommended guidelines. This lower supply air temperature for the data center compute equipment will generate a lower exhaust air temperature and, in many cases, this exhaust air temperature is still acceptable for reuse as supply air based on the ASHRAE Recommended or Allowable supply air temperature range. This proportional low exhaust air temperature range provides opportunities to reuse the exhaust air stream as supply air to other areas, floors, or buildings. The use of outside air and the recirculation of the exhaust air or blending or serial use can provide high efficiency and lower operation cost. 
     In some embodiments, exhaust air can be reused, in a serial flow, as supply air to adjacent areas or floors or buildings when the thermal content (temperature) of the exhaust air meets the supply air requirements of the adjacent (downstream) space. The exhaust air from one enclosure, area, floor, or building may be directed to the floor above in a multi-story building, e.g., through a passive common floor grate open to the exhaust air plenum or space below. In some embodiments, the exhaust air may be directed through an automated floor grate that opens when the supply air temperature requirements are met for the space above. In some embodiments, the exhaust air may be directed through one or more controlled dampers with fans that provided active introduction of the exhaust air into the supply air path. In some embodiments, the exhaust air may be directed to other areas, floors or buildings through dampers, fans, ductwork, or a combination of these. 
       FIG.  4    illustrates an example building  400  in which exhaust air is reused according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the building  400  can represent (or be represented by) one of the buildings  201 - 202  of  FIG.  2   . The embodiment of the building  400  shown in  FIG.  4    is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the building  400  could be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure. 
     As shown in  FIG.  4   , outside supply air enters the building at level one. The supply air can be used to cool data center equipment in level one. The exhaust air from level one moves to level two through a floor grate or temperature controlled dampers in the center supply air aisle of level two. This air can be used to cool data center equipment in level two. The exhaust air from level two moves to level three through two floor grates in the supply air aisles of level three. This air can be used to cool data center equipment in level three. The exhaust air from level three moves to level four through a floor grate in the center supply air aisle of level four. This air can be used to cool data center equipment in level four. The exhaust air from level four moves to the ceiling exhaust plenum in order to be rejected to the atmosphere. From the ceiling exhaust plenum, the exhaust air is rejected to the atmosphere through one or more vents. 
       FIG.  5    illustrates another example data center campus  500  in which exhaust air is reused according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the campus  500  can represent (or be represented by) the campus  200  of  FIG.  2   . The embodiment of the campus  500  shown in  FIG.  5    is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the campus  500  could be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure. 
     As shown in  FIG.  5   , the campus  500  includes multiple buildings  501 - 503  arranged in close proximity to each other. Each building  501 - 503  is a multi-story building. In some embodiments, the buildings  501 - 503  can represent (or be represented by) the buildings  101 - 103  of  FIGS.  1 A and  1 B . In  FIG.  5   , the campus  500  includes three buildings  501 - 503  that are each four stories high. Of course, these are merely examples; other campuses could include other numbers of buildings with other numbers of floors. 
     In the campus  500 , each building  501 - 503  includes hot and cold corridors on each floor. Supply air  505  enters each building  501 - 503  at the lowest floor, is used or reused for cooling computing equipment on one or more floors, such as described in  FIG.  4   , and is then exhausted as exhaust air  510  from the top floor or ceiling. 
     In some embodiments, in multi-story buildings, the data center equipment racks may be placed in alternating configurations on each floor with respect to the supply air side of the equipment. 
       FIG.  6    illustrates an example building  600  in which data center equipment is arranged in alternating configurations according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the building  600  can represent (or be represented by) the building  400  of  FIG.  4   . The embodiment of the building  600  shown in  FIG.  6    is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the building  600  could be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure. 
     As shown in  FIG.  6   , the building  600  includes data center equipment arranged in racks on each floor. The supply air side and the exhaust air side of each rack alternates from one floor to an adjacent floor. The alternating configuration provides a supply air path to the equipment on the upper floor from the exhaust air path of the floor and equipment below. The passage of exhaust air to the next floor supply side can continue until the air temperature exceeds the prescribed requirements. The exhaust air may be rejected from the building  600  to the atmosphere through an exhaust damper at each floor, or may be disposed on the top floor or the roof of the building  600 . In some embodiments, the exhaust air may be directed to a mixing box (e.g., the mixing box  300 ) to blend with incoming ambient supply air. 
     The control of thermal value and relative humidity of supply air in conventional data centers is typically provided by some means of mechanical cooling or evaporative cooling. Conventional air management systems are usually closed loop, except for outside air introduction, (sometimes referred to as “make-up air”), for space or building pressurization to prevent infiltration of dirty or unconditioned air. The make-up air system also provides a minimum amount of fresh air required by building codes for occupant&#39;s well-being. 
     A system that uses direct outside air as supply and then exhausts to atmosphere, such as described in  FIGS.  1 A through  6   , is considered an open loop system. The ability to tightly control the supply air thermal and relative humidity values can be achieved using one or more control sensors, controlled actuators, and calculations to provide the correct balance of supply air thermal content and humidity. In some embodiments, a partial closed loop can be employed during periods when outside ambient air does not meet the prescribed thermal and or relative humidity values. 
     In some embodiments, a mixing box (e.g., the mixing box  300 ) can be used to achieve control of thermal and relative humidity values of the supply air. In other embodiments, exhaust air can be directly introduced to the supply air aisle, using a non-mixing box topology. Exhaust air may be directly introduced into the supply air stream through the simple opening of a damper in the air segregation system adjacent to, above, or below the supply air aisle. The damper may be automated, gravity operated, or manual in operation. 
       FIG.  7    illustrates another example mixing box  700  that can be used in conjunction with one or more of the data center campuses described herein, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In particular, the mixing box  700  represents an air mixing box that can be installed external to one of the buildings.  FIG.  8    illustrates an example building  800  on which multiple mixing boxes  700  are installed according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the mixing box  700  shown in  FIG.  7    is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the mixing box  700  could be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure. 
     As shown in  FIG.  7   , the mixing box  700  includes multiple components and auxiliary space elements that are the same as, or similar to, corresponding components of the mixing box  300  of  FIG.  3   . The mixing box  700  includes one or more mixing dampers  710 , one or more exhaust air aisle  715  openings, one or more supply air aisle  720  openings, one or more air mixing boxes  725 , one or more air segregation system  730  openings, and one or more exhaust air dampers  735 . 
     The mixing box  700  provides controlled mixing or blending of the ambient supply air  205  with the scavenged exhaust air  210  from the exhaust air plenum directly or through duct work. In some embodiments, the controlled mixing is performed passively using controlled or gravity dampers without fans. In some embodiments, the controlled mixing is performed actively using controlled or gravity dampers with fans. The mixing box  700  can mix the exhaust air  210  with the supply air  205  to raise the ambient supply air temperature to a prescribed level, e.g., between 64° F. and 113° F. The mixing box  700  can also change the relative humidity of the ambient supply air  205  by mixing with the dry exhaust air  210  to meet prescribed levels, e.g., between 5% and 95% non-condensing. 
     The mixing box  700  can be formed in various shapes, sizes, and configurations. In some embodiments, the mixing box  700  may be deployed as a single unit as small as approximately  4  cubic feet. In some embodiments, the mixing box  700  may be modular sized up to  5000  cubic feet or more. Of course, other sizes are possible and within the scope of this disclosure. The mixing box  700  may be built on-site and customized in size to correspond to the length, width or height of a building and a depth per design requirements. The mixing box  700  may include multiple units working independently of each other for large scale deployment requiring different thermal and humidity values. For example, as shown in  FIG.  8   , the building  800  includes multiple mixing boxes  700  disposed on each floor of the building  800 . In some embodiments, the mixing box  700  may include multiple units ganged together for large scale deployment, per the requirements of a space, floor, or building. The mixing box  700  may be attached directly to a building wall, roof, or floor element. The mixing box  700  may be supported or mounted to hang on another structural element. 
     In some embodiments, the mixing box  700  can be a standalone component or structure that contain required subcomponents, including fans, dampers, filters, duct connection points, sensors, controls, plumbing, electrical, and the like. In other embodiments, the mixing box  700  can be a simple shell to allow the exhaust air  210  and the ambient supply air  205  to mix in an unregulated process. 
     The disclosed campuses and buildings can include a variety of controls, sensors, actuators, and the like, to maintain control of the air handling and equipment cooling.  FIG.  9    illustrates the mixing box  300  with multiple example controls according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.  FIG.  10    illustrates the campus  100  with multiple example controls according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.  FIG.  11    illustrates additional details of example features of the campus  100  in an elevation view according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. 
     As shown in  FIG.  9   , the mixing box  300  includes multiple temperature sensors  905 , pressure sensors  910 , and humidity sensors  915 . The temperature sensors  905  can input data to the controls algorithm that is used to determine the mixing ratio, if any, needed to maintain the supply air temperature prescribed values for each data center space. The pressure sensors  910  can measure and report static pressure and differential pressure to the controls algorithm in order to determine damper positions and fan speeds. The humidity sensors  915  can input data to the controls algorithm that is used to determine the mixing ratio, if any, needed to maintain the supply air relative humidity prescribed values for each data center space. 
     Temperature sensors  905 , pressure sensors  910 , and humidity sensors  915  on the room supply side can input data to the controls algorithm to determine if prescribed values are being met. Temperature sensors  905  on the room exhaust side can input data to the controls algorithm to determine if the air will be vented to atmosphere or reused as a thermal or relative humidity conditioning element. Temperature sensors  905 , pressure sensors  910 , and humidity sensors  915  for air enclosures formed by the air segregation system can input data to the controls algorithm to determine serial delivery of the air stream or dump to atmosphere. 
     One or more air damper position sensors (not shown) can input data to the controls algorithm as a proxy for air flow through the damper(s). Temperature sensors  905 , pressure sensors  910 , and humidity sensors  915  associated with the mixing box can input data to the controls algorithm. A supply fan speed sensor  920  and an exhaust fan speed sensor  925  can input data to the controls algorithm as a proxy for air flow. A supply aisle anemometer (not shown) can input data to the controls algorithm as a proxy for air speed in front of the data center computing devices. 
     As shown in  FIG.  10   , the campus  100  includes a site weather station  1005 , a site air particulate sensor  1010 , and a site air quality sensor  1015 . One or more cold supply air corridors  1020  are disposed between two adjacent buildings  101 - 103 . One or more hot exhaust air corridors  1025  are disposed between two adjacent buildings  101 - 103 . Each cold supply air corridor  1020  is disposed on a side of a building  101 - 103  opposite from a side of the building  101 - 103  corresponding to the hot exhaust air corridor  1025 . 
     The site weather station  1005  can measure local weather condition information (e.g., temperature, humidity, wind speed, and the like) and provide local weather condition data for site operators to log and compare to the data center requirements. Data from the weather station  1005  can provide inputs to a controls algorithm and be used in calculations to determine ambient supply air temperature and humidity. The site air particulate sensor  1010  can sense airborne dirt and pollens, and provide data to track long term trends of airborne particles. The site air quality sensor  1015  can provide early warning of toxic chemicals or pollutants that could damage the data center computing equipment. 
     As shown in  FIG.  11   , the campus  100  can also include at least one supply air heating coil  1105 , at least one exhaust air heat collection coil  1110 , and at least one supply air filter frame  1115  mounted at the roof level of one or more of the buildings  101 - 103 . The supply air heating coil  1105  includes a coil, tube, membrane, or the like deployed between the roof lines of adjacent buildings. The supply air filter frame  1115  includes a prefilter or filter deployed between the roof lines of adjacent buildings. 
     In some embodiments, ambient outside air having suitable temperature and relative humidity may be used directly for cooling the data center computing equipment. The ambient air can be filtered and enter the space as the supply air  205 . The exhaust air  210  from the data center computing equipment can leave the building  101 - 103  directly to the atmosphere through a grill, louver, duct, damper, or the like connected directly to the space, room, floor, or building. This is known in the industry as “Air Side Free Cooling” and could be used in greater than 90% of the industrialized world for data center equipment cooling with ASHRAE allowable standards. 
     In some regions, one or more weather events could cause the ambient air to fall outside the normal air temperature and humidity ranges. Additionally or alternatively, the normal range for ambient air may not meet the facility or customer requirements 100% of the time. 
     When conditions are normal, the ambient supply air  205  can enter the building  101 - 103  through a filter bank to remove foreign material, at a prescribed filtration level, to prevent damage to the data center computing equipment. In passive designs, dampers can be at controlled openings to meet the airflow requirements of the data center computing equipment. In active designs, dampers and fans can be at a controlled openings and speeds to meet the airflow requirements of the data center computing equipment. However, when conditions are detected through one or more sensors to be outside of the design range (i.e., an excursion), a calculation can be performed by the controls algorithm to make one or more adjustments to the airflows to elicit a change in the value that was outside of the design range. Some examples of excursions and corresponding calculations will now be described. 
     In one example, an out-of-range air temperature is detected by the site weather station  1005 . In response, the exhaust air dampers  335  may close 25% of their existing position. Heated fluid from the exhaust air heat collection coil  1110  transfers to the supply air heating coil  1105 . One or more of the temperature sensors  905  (T1,T2,T3,T4) are polled by the computer algorithm for data relevant to the calculation. The controls algorithm determines a calculated position of the mixing damper  310 , the exhaust air damper  335 , or both. The recirculation fans  305  are commanded to operate at a determined speed to achieve the air mixing requirements to correct the air temperature back into prescribed range. 
     In a second example, an out-of-range entering air temperature of the supply air  205  is detected by a temperature sensor  905  of the air mixing box  300 . In response, the exhaust air dampers may close 25% of their existing position. One or more of the temperature sensors  905  (T1,T2,T3,T4) are polled by the computer algorithm for data relevant to the calculation. The controls algorithm determines a calculated position of the mixing damper  310 , the exhaust air damper  335 , or both. The recirculation fans  305  are commanded to operate at a determined speed to achieve the air mixing requirements to correct the air temperature back into prescribed range. 
     In a third example, an incorrect entering air temperature of the supply air  205  is detected by a temperature sensor  905  associated with the supply air aisle  320 . In response, the exhaust air dampers may close 25% of their existing position. One or more temperature sensors  905  (T1,T2,T3,T4) are polled by the computer algorithm for data relevant to the calculation. The controls algorithm determines a calculated position of the mixing damper  310 , the exhaust air damper  335 , or both. The recirculation fans  305  are commanded to operate at a determined speed to achieve the air mixing requirements to correct the air temperature back into prescribed range. 
     In a fourth example, an out-of-range humidity level is detected by the site weather station  1005 . In response, the exhaust air dampers may close 25% of their existing position. Heated fluid from the exhaust air heat collection coil  1110  transfers to the supply air heating coil  1105 . One or more humidity sensors  915  (RH1 and RH2) are polled for relevant data for the relative humidity calculation. One or more temperature sensors  905  (T1,T2,T3) are polled by the computer algorithm for data relevant to the calculation. The controls algorithm determines a calculated position of the mixing damper  310 , the exhaust air damper  335 , or both. The recirculation fans  305  are commanded to operate at a determined speed to achieve the air mixing requirements to correct the air relative humidity back into prescribed range. 
     In a fifth example, an out-of-range entering relative humidity level is detected by a humidity sensor  915  of the mixing box  300 . In response, the exhaust air dampers close 25% of their existing position. One or more humidity sensors  915  (RH1 and RH2) are polled for relevant data for the relative humidity calculation. One or more temperature sensors  905  (T1,T2,T3) are polled by the computer algorithm for data relevant to the calculation. The controls algorithm determines calculated position of the mixing damper  310 , the exhaust air damper  335 , or both. The recirculation fans  305  are commanded to operate at a determined speed to achieve the air mixing requirements to correct the air relative humidity back into prescribed range. 
     In a sixth example, the site air particulate sensor  1010 , the site air quality sensor  1015 , or both, detect an out of range value indicating pollution or the like. In response, the recirculation fans  305  are commanded to operate at a minimum speed, and operations personnel are alerted. 
     Additional excursions and responses can include too high or too low air static pressure in the mixing box  300 , the supply air aisle  320 , the exhaust air aisle  315 , or a combination of these. In response, fan speeds of the recirculation fans  305  can be adjusted accordingly. Of course, other excursions and responses (including other sensors and values) are possible and within the scope of this disclosure. 
     It is common in the data center industry to arrange racking and equipment systems in a hot and cold aisle arrangement inside a conditioned space. The arrangement of cold supply air corridors  1020  and hot exhaust air corridors  1025  in the campus  100  expands that concept to the building site or data center campus footprint. The supply air intakes of each building  101 - 103  face each other at a supply air corridor  1020 , while the exhaust air streams from each building  101 - 103  face each other at an exhaust air corridor  1025 . This arrangement reduces or eliminates hot air infiltration into the supply air stream. This arrangement can also create a chimney effect for the hot air expulsion to the atmosphere. 
       FIG.  12    illustrates another example data center campus  1200  in which cold supply air corridors and hot exhaust air corridors can be employed according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the campus  1200  can represent (or be represented by) the campus  100  of  FIGS.  1 A and  1 B . The embodiment of the campus  1200  shown in  FIG.  12    is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the campus  1200  could be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure. 
     The use of the cold supply air corridors  1205  and the hot exhaust air corridors  1210  allows the campus  1200  to be designed with reduced distances between the buildings  1201 - 1204  due to reduced air infiltration risk to the supply air from the exhaust air. This, in turn, allows greater efficiency of site land use by placing the buildings  1201 - 1204  as close to each other as building codes allow. 
     The concentration of heat in the exhaust air corridors  1210  may provide opportunities for heat reuse. For example, thermal energy in one or more exhaust air corridors  1210  can be directed or ducted as heated air into a conditioned space. Additionally or alternatively, thermal energy in one or more exhaust air corridors  1210  can be indirectly transferred using air to fluid transfer through heated air contact with an exhaust air heat collection coil  1110  deployed between the roof lines of adjacent buildings  1201 - 1204 . 
     The cold supply air corridors  1205  may add efficiency to the air filtration system by providing a common path for entering supply air. For example, a supply air filter frame  1115  deployed between adjacent buildings  1201 - 1204  can be fitted with a prefilter or filter to clean the air as it enters the cold supply air corridor  1205 . Each supply air filter frame  1115  can be installed from the roof lines or any point down to grade of adjacent buildings  1201 - 1204 . 
     In some climates where the supply air may require a higher temperature for data center use, an array of coils, tubes, or membranes placed in the air stream in the exhaust air corridors  1210  can collect thermal energy from the exhaust air through an air to liquid transfer. This thermal energy may then be used to prewarm the supply air through a series of heating coils placed in the adjacent supply air corridors  1205  at the building roof lines or any point down to grade. 
     In some site layouts, one or more engine driven emergency generators can be placed in the hot corridor to promote dilution of exhaust from the generator(s). For example,  FIG.  13    illustrates an example campus  1300  with multiple buildings  1301 - 1303 . As shown in  FIG.  13   , the campus  1300  includes one or more emergency power generators  1305  disposed in the exhaust air corridor between the buildings  1301 - 1302 . The exhaust air corridor can aid in the dilution and convective transfer of the exhaust from the generators  1305  to greater elevation into the atmosphere when in use. This may bring any toxic or polluting air above and beyond the infiltration of the supply air corridor. 
       FIG.  14    illustrates an example campus  1400  that includes a supportive grid between buildings according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the campus  1400  can represent (or be represented by) the campus  100  of  FIGS.  1 A and  1 B . The embodiment of the campus  1400  shown in  FIG.  14    is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the campus  1400  could be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure. 
     As shown in  FIG.  14   , the campus  1400  include multiple buildings  1401 - 1404 . The campus also includes one or more engineered framing systems or grids  1405  that are installed on or near at least one of the buildings  1401 - 1404 . In some embodiments, at least one grid  1405  can be mounted between adjacent buildings  1401 - 1404 . In some embodiments, at least one grid  1405  can be cantilevered from a single building  1401 - 1404 . In some embodiments, at least one grid  1405  can be supported from grade, hung from above, or supported from any other structure appropriate for intended use at any suitable elevation. 
     Each grid  1405  may be used to support some of the features described in this disclosure, including, but not limited to: air to liquid heat or cooling collection coils or systems; liquid to air heating or cooling coils or systems; ducted supply or exhaust air for reuse in the same space or buildings, or in another space or buildings not associated with the site; heat collection or rejection for district heating or cooling; wind turbine mounting for any perspective, including horizonal, vertical, angled, hung, tethered, and the like; power generator exhaust or supply air or combustion air ducts or pipes; or power or cooling paths and mounting for conduit cables pipes or tubing. 
       FIG.  15    illustrates an example campus  1500  that is capable of generating power from air currents according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the campus  1500  can represent (or be represented by) the campus  100  of  FIGS.  1 A and  1 B . The embodiment of the campus  1500  shown in  FIG.  15    is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the campus  1500  could be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure. 
     As shown in  FIG.  15   , the campus  1500  include multiple buildings  1501 - 1504 . One or more wind turbines  1505  are deployed at or near the top of one or more of the buildings  1501 - 1504 . In some embodiments, the wind turbines  1505  are deployed along a roof edge. The wind turbines  1505  are provided to generate power from the supply air streams and exhaust air streams created by the data center building and air venting topology. 
     As described in conjunction with other campus embodiments, the buildings  1501 - 1504  are constructed to be in close proximity to each other. The building layout results in narrow supply air corridors and exhaust air corridors between the buildings  1501 - 1504  that can produce a high-volume (e.g., 3000 cfm), high velocity air flow capable of rotating the wind turbines  1505 . The wind turbines  1505  can be configured in many form factors, including but not limited to, multi-blade windmills, single blade windmills, drums, vertical mount, horizonal mount, cabled, balloon, and the like. In some embodiments, the wind turbines  1505  can be mounted between the building structures in layers as multiple columns or multiple rows. The energy created by the wind turbines  1505  can be used directly by the data center facility, stored in batteries for future use, or provided to a local electrical grid. 
     The wind turbines  1505  may be mounted at any elevation and/or location within the supply air stream or exhaust air stream. The air stream can include any air currents created by the building topology or the air corridor topology that can be identified in a Computational Fluid Design (CFD) modeling of the site and building layouts. 
     The use of data center campuses with building layouts arranged as discussed herein can have a significant impact on the efficiency of data center cooling and airflow management. In particular, these arrangements and layouts and the use of the hot and cold building corridor topology can reduce or eliminate unintended consequences of poor planning and design. 
       FIG.  16    illustrates an example of a computing device  1600  for use in a data center cooling system according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The computing device  1600  can be configured to control any of the operations discussed herein, including control of operation of any of the disclosed sensors, actuators, and the like, and performance of any disclosed algorithms. 
     As shown in  FIG.  16   , the computing device  1600  includes a bus system  1605 , which supports communication between processor(s)  1610 , storage devices  1615 , communication interface (or circuit)  1620 , and input/output (I/O) unit  1625 . The processor(s)  1610  executes instructions that may be loaded into a memory  1630 . The processor(s)  1610  may include any suitable number(s) and type(s) of processors or other devices in any suitable arrangement. Example types of processor(s)  1610  include microprocessors, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, field programmable gate arrays, application specific integrated circuits, and discrete circuitry. 
     The memory  1630  and a persistent storage  1635  are examples of storage devices  1615 , which represent any structure(s) capable of storing and facilitating retrieval of information (such as data, program code, and/or other suitable information on a temporary or permanent basis). The memory  1630  may represent a random access memory or any other suitable volatile or non-volatile storage device(s). The persistent storage  1635  may contain one or more components or devices supporting longer-term storage of data, such as a read-only memory, hard drive, Flash memory, or optical disc. For example, persistent storage  1635  may store one or more databases of data, standards data, results, data, client applications, etc. 
     The communication interface  1620  supports communications with other systems or devices. For example, the communication interface  1620  could include a network interface card or a wireless transceiver facilitating communications over any of the disclosed campuses, including the campus  100 . The communication interface  1620  may support communications through any suitable physical or wireless communication link(s). The I/O unit  1625  allows for input and output of data. For example, the I/O unit  1625  may provide a connection for user input through a keyboard, mouse, keypad, touchscreen, or other suitable input devices. The I/O unit  1625  may also send output to a display, printer, or other suitable output devices. 
     Although  FIG.  16    illustrates one example of a computing device  1600 , various changes may be made to  FIG.  16   . For example, various components in  FIG.  16    could be combined, further subdivided, or omitted and additional components could be added according to particular needs. As a particular example, while depicted as one system, the computing device  1600  may include multiple computing systems that may be remotely located. In another example, the computing device  1600  may be a personal electronic device, such as, a phone, tablet, or laptop, or provide or update a user interface, e.g., via a software application, or other communications interface to a personal electronic device for control, management, information, and or access to the computing device  1600  and/or any aspects of the systems disclosed herein. 
     As discussed above, high-density data centers (such as those used for cryptocurrency mining, sometimes referred to as “bit mines”) generate a significant amount of heat during ordinary operational activity. In most air-cooled data center designs, this generated heat is rejected to the ambient atmosphere. 
     The air cooling of densely packed computing equipment requires large masses of supply air flowing into the devices. For example, a high-density data center space that is thirty feet long and twenty feet in elevation may require 300,000 cubic feet per minute (CFM) of air volume or more to meet the cooling requirements of the computing equipment. 
     Many bit mines and high-density data centers are characterized by the following attributes. Generally, the data centers include one or more long, narrow buildings that are as narrow as five feet wide and have lengths that may range from thirty feet to over two thousand feet or more (although other widths and lengths are possible). Each building may have any roofline including, but not limited to, center line ridge, flat, sloped at different angles, gabled, “A” frame, butterfly, hip, shed, or the like. 
     When there is more than one building, the buildings are generally placed very close to each other to conserve space. Layouts of the multiple buildings can include, but are not limited to, buildings parallel to each other, buildings in a square or rectangular layout, multiple cold ambient supply air corridors facing each other, multiple hot air corridors facing each other, circular, star shape, hub and spoke layout, and the like. 
     When multiple buildings share a supply air corridor, the distance between the buildings can be dependent on the volume of air required and the size of buildings. In some implementations, the desired or required ambient supply air opening may result in a spacing of 30-100 feet between buildings, while the optimum exhaust air distance may be in a range of 5-15 feet. Of course, other dimensions are possible and within the scope of this disclosure. 
     As discussed in  FIG.  12    above, ambient cool supply air enters one side of building  1201 - 1204  via one or more cold supply air corridors  1205 . The ambient cool air is processed through the computing equipment, which results in the air being heated through an air-to-air thermal transfer inside the computing equipment. The air is then rejected to the ambient atmosphere out the opposite side of the building  1201 - 1204  into one or more hot exhaust air corridors  1210 . 
     Due to the proximity of the ambient supply air opening and the rejected heated air opening and the fluidity of air, the exhausted hot air stream will sometimes mix with the ambient cool air stream.  FIGS.  17 A and  17 B  illustrate examples of this effect.  FIG.  17 A  illustrates a data center campus  1700  with a single building  1701  in which ambient supply air enters on one side, and hot exhaust air exits on an opposite side. As indicated by the air flow lines, the hot exhaust air is entrained directly into the cooler ambient air path, and the two become a single or combined air stream.  FIG.  17 B  illustrates a data center campus  1750  with two buildings  1702 - 1703  disposed side by side and sharing a common hot exhaust air corridor between the buildings  1702 - 1703 . Hot exhaust air from both buildings  1702 - 1703  is entrained into the cooler ambient air path above the building  1703 , causing thermal dilution of the cooler air (i.e., causing the ambient supply air to be at a higher temperature). 
     The elevated supply air temperature caused by the air entrainment and dilution impacts the fan energy used by the engineered cooling solution of each data center campus  1700  and  1750 . For example, higher temperature supply air requires more volume to reject the heat through the air-to-air thermal transfer inside the computing equipment. Similarly, the fan energy used by the computing equipment may be increased due to the higher supply air temperatures from the entrained or diluted rejected heated air. Under elevated supply air temperatures, the computing equipment itself will operate at a lower production output. This reduces the economic value to the operator or customer. 
     To address these and other issues, various embodiments of this disclosure can include one or more air diverter structures that prevent or mitigate the heated exhaust air from entraining or diluting the cool supply air stream. 
       FIG.  18    illustrates an example data center building  1802  that includes an air diverter structure according to this disclosure. The embodiment of the data center building  1802  shown in  FIG.  18    is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the data center building  1802  could be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure. 
     As shown in  FIG.  18   , the data center building  1802  is part of a data center campus, such as the campus  100  of  FIGS.  1 A and  1 B . In some embodiments, the data center building  1802  can represent (or be represented by) the buildings  101 - 103  of  FIGS.  1 A and  1 B . A cool supply air stream  1805  enters the building  1802  on one side, is used or reused for cooling computing equipment, such as described above, and is then exhausted from an opposite side of the building  1802  as heated exhaust air  1810 . 
     A diverter structure  1804  is disposed atop the exterior of the building  1802 . The diverter structure  1804  is provided to push the heated exhaust air  1810  past and/or above the cold air flow boundary, where the influence of the cold downward air stream  1805  is neutral to positive pressure. Stated differently, the diverter structure  1804  diverts the heated exhaust air  1810  away from the cool supply air stream  1805  to a point in the atmosphere where the entrainment and/or dilution of the heated exhaust air  1810  into the cool supply air stream  1805  is eliminated or mitigated. In some embodiments, the entrainment and/or dilution of the heated exhaust air  1810  is eliminated or mitigated to a level that does not significantly impact the thermal rise in the cool supply air stream  1805 . In some embodiments, the entrainment and/or dilution of the heated exhaust air  1810  is eliminated or mitigated to a level that does not increase the energy requirements of the operators in the building  1802 . In some embodiments, the entrainment and/or dilution of the heated exhaust air  1810  is eliminated or mitigated to a level that does not reduce the performance and economic benefits of the computing equipment designed output. 
     In some embodiments, the diverter structure  1804  comprises a single narrow blade of material attached along the length of the building  1802  at any point on the roof structure between the supply air side opening and the exhaust air side opening. The diverter structure  1804  may be constructed of any material suitable for the application, such as metal, masonry, wood, plastic or composite, or a combination of these. In some embodiments, the diverter structure  1804  can include one or more flexible materials stretched between support structures, including cables, ropes, poles, framing, or the like. The diverter structure  1804  may have any suitable length. In some embodiments, the elevation of the diverter structure  1804  is a prescribed value (e.g., between 1 and 20 feet) that is determined by site conditions, environmental conditions, and the like. The diverter structure  1804  may be attached to any roofing structure as an additional component. The diverter structure  1804  may be added to the building  1802  or a structure connected to the building  1802  as an engineered element or a retrofit element. As shown in  FIG.  18   , the diverter structure  1804  may be perpendicular to grade, as viewed from the end profile of the building  1802 . Of course, this is merely one example. In other embodiments, the diverter structure  1804  may be angled at any angle between 0 and 180 degrees when viewed from the end profile of the building  1802 . 
     In some embodiments, the diverter structure  1804  may be fixed in a set position and orientation. In some embodiments, the diverter structure  1804  may be fixed at an angle. For example, the diverter structure  1804  may be fixed at an angle greater or less than 90 degrees from the long edge or eave line of the building  1802 . In other embodiments, the diverter structure  1804  can be moveable, in location, position, or both. For example, the diverter structure  1804  may be moveable (either manually or via motorized operation) between 0 and 180 degrees when viewed from the end profile of the building  1802 . In some embodiments, the diverter structure  1804  may be retractable or extended to different elevations. 
     As shown in  FIG.  18   , the diverter structure  1804  may be attached to the roof of the building  1802 . Additionally or alternatively, the diverter structure  1804  may be attached to one or more walls of the building  1802 . In some embodiments, the diverter structure  1804  may extend from the building  1802  to another adjacent building (not shown in  FIG.  18   ). Additionally or alternatively, the diverter structure  1804  may be attached to the walls or roof of one or more adjacent buildings. Additionally or alternatively, the diverter structure  1804  may be attached to a pole or other structure next to the long walls of the building  1802 . 
       FIG.  19    illustrates an example data center campus  1900  in which multiple air diverter structures are used according to this disclosure. In some embodiments, the campus  1900  can represent (or be represented by) the campus  100  of  FIGS.  1 A and  1 B . The embodiment of the data center campus  1900  shown in  FIG.  19    is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the data center campus  1900  could be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure. 
     As shown in  FIG.  19   , the campus  1900  includes multiple buildings  1901 - 1902  arranged in close proximity to each other. Each building  1901 - 1902  includes a diverter structure  1804  attached to the roof. Together, the diverter structures  1804  divert the heated exhaust air  1910  above the boundary interface and away from the cool supply air stream  1905  to a point in the atmosphere where the entrainment and/or dilution of the heated exhaust air  1910  into the cool supply air stream  1905  is eliminated or mitigated. That is, the cool supply air stream  1905  enters the building  1902  without significant hot air entrainment or hot air dilution of the cool supply air stream  1905 . 
       FIGS.  20  and  21    illustrate examples of other diverter structures according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in  FIG.  20   , multiple buildings  2001 - 2002  each include a diverter structure  2004 - 2005  attached to the roof. In  FIG.  20   , the diverter structures  2004 - 2005  have a triangular overall shape. The triangular shapes of the diverter structures  2004 - 2005  are oriented in different directions. In some embodiments, the diverter structures  2004 - 2005  may include integrated roofing elements that are formed in the desired shape and installed in the desired orientation. 
     As shown in  FIG.  21   , a building  2101  (shown in both end view and top view) includes multiple diverter structures  2102  arranged in parallel along one roof section. Each diverter structure  2102  has an overall trapezoidal shape. As shown in the top view of  FIG.  21   , the diverter structures  2102  are oriented at an angle to the center ridge line of the roof. 
     Although  FIGS.  18  through  21    illustrates different examples of diverter structures and related details, various changes may be made to  FIGS.  18  through  21   . For example, various components shown in  FIGS.  18  through  21    may be combined, further subdivided, replicated, rearranged, or omitted and additional components may be added according to particular needs. 
       FIG.  22    illustrates an example method  2200  for improved air cooling of equipment in data center campuses according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. For ease of explanation, the method  2200  is described as being performed using various components, devices, and systems described in  FIGS.  1  through  21   . However, the method  2200  may be used with any other suitable component, device, and system. The embodiment shown in  FIG.  22    is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the method  2200  could be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure. 
     At operation  2201 , ambient supply air from an exterior environment is received at a first end of a building and exhaust air is output to the exterior environment at a second end of the building. The building can be a first building or a second building among multiple buildings disposed in close proximity to each other. The first end of the first building and the first end of the second building form portions of a supply air corridor between the first building and the second building. 
     At operation  2203 , thermal energy is generated by multiple computing devices disposed in the building. 
     At operation  2205 , the thermal energy is transmitted to the supply air, thereby heating the supply air into the exhaust air before the exhaust air exits the building. 
     At operation  2207 , an automated grate is opened between adjacent floors when a temperature of a portion of the supply air meets a temperature requirement for the higher floor of the adjacent floors. 
     At operation  2209 , one or more fans are operated to promote movement of the supply air into that building or movement of the exhaust air out of that building. 
     Although  FIG.  22    illustrates one example of a method  2200  for improved air cooling of equipment in data center campuses, various changes may be made to  FIG.  22   . For example, while shown as a specific sequence of operations, various operations shown in  FIG.  22    could overlap, occur in parallel, occur in a different order, or occur any number of times. Also, the specific operations shown in  FIG.  22    are examples only, and other techniques could be used to perform each of the operations shown in  FIG.  22   . 
     It is noted that various figures and portions of the specification list example values or ranges of values (e.g., temperatures or temperature ranges). These are provided by way of example only and any suitable alternative value or value range may be used in embodiments of the present disclosure. 
     It may be advantageous to set forth definitions of certain words and phrases used throughout this patent document. The term “couple” and its derivatives refer to any direct or indirect communication between two or more elements, whether or not those elements are in physical contact with one another. The terms “transmit,” “receive,” and “communicate,” as well as derivatives thereof, encompass both direct and indirect communication. The terms “include” and “comprise,” as well as derivatives thereof, mean inclusion without limitation. The term “or” is inclusive, meaning and/or. The phrase “associated with,” as well as derivatives thereof, means to include, be included within, interconnect with, contain, be contained within, connect to or with, couple to or with, be communicable with, cooperate with, interleave, juxtapose, be proximate to, be bound to or with, have, have a property of, have a relationship to or with, or the like. The phrase “such as,” when used among terms, means that the latter recited term(s) is(are) example(s) and not limitation(s) of the earlier recited term. The phrase “at least one of,” when used with a list of items, means that different combinations of one or more of the listed items may be used, and only one item in the list may be needed. For example, “at least one of: A, B, and C” includes any of the following combinations: A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, and A and B and C. 
     Moreover, various functions described herein can be implemented or supported by one or more computer programs, each of which is formed from computer readable program code and embodied in a computer-readable medium. The terms “application” and “program” refer to one or more computer programs, software components, sets of instructions, procedures, functions, objects, classes, instances, related data, or a portion thereof adapted for implementation in a suitable computer readable program code. The phrase “computer-readable program code” includes any type of computer code, including source code, object code, and executable code. The phrase “computer-readable medium” includes any type of medium capable of being accessed by a computer, such as read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), a hard disk drive, a compact disc (CD), a digital video disc (DVD), or any other type of memory. A “non-transitory” computer-readable medium excludes wired, wireless, optical, or other communication links that transport transitory electrical or other signals. A non-transitory, computer-readable medium includes media where data can be permanently stored and media where data can be stored and later overwritten, such as a rewritable optical disc or an erasable memory device. 
     Definitions for other certain words and phrases are provided throughout this patent document. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that in many if not most instances, such definitions apply to prior as well as future uses of such defined words and phrases. Although the present disclosure has been described with an exemplary embodiment, various changes and modifications may be suggested to one skilled in the art. It is intended that the present disclosure encompass such changes and modifications as fall within the scope of the appended claims. None of the description in this application should be read as implying that any particular element, step, or function is an essential element that must be included in the claim scope. The scope of the patented subject matter is defined by the claims.