Patent Publication Number: US-9409223-B2

Title: Punch assemblies and universal punch therefor

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a 35 U.S.C. 371 national stage filing from International Application No. PCT/US2012/063505 filed Nov. 5, 2012 and claims priority to U.S. application Ser. No. 13/294,754 filed Nov. 11, 2011, the teachings of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention pertains to punch assemblies and more particularly to a punch designed to be accommodated by various types of such assemblies. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Punch presses are typically configured to hold a plurality of tools for forming a variety of shapes and sizes of indentations and/or holes in sheet workpieces, e.g., formed of sheet metal. Tools of this sort commonly include at least one punch assembly and corresponding die. In a multiple station turret punch press, a rotatable turret is often used for holding a plurality of punch assemblies above a workpiece support surface, while a corresponding plurality of die-receiving frames are located below the workpiece support surface. In some cases, once a first tool set has been used, it is exchanged for a second tool set, and then a third, and so on. In some cases, the machine tool includes an elongated rail for storing the tool set in cartridges. The cartridges, for example, can be slidably engaged with the rail such that they can be slid back and forth to and from the mounting position. Once a first workpiece has been fully processed using the desired sequence of tool sets, a second workpiece may be processed, in some cases beginning again with the first tool set. 
     A conventional punch assembly includes a punch guide and a punch body or holder, as well as a punch tip, which may be either fixedly or releasably attached to the punch body. The punch body and tip are slidably engaged within the punch guide for reciprocal, axial movement along a central longitudinal axis of the punch guide. Such a punch assembly and a corresponding die are mounted in a press and located in a working position of the press, e.g., beneath the ram (or integrally connected to the ram). As such, when downward force is provided on the ram, the punch tip is driven out from the punch guide in response and through an opening in a stripper plate, in order to form an indentation or a hole through a sheet workpiece. The stripper plate, which is attached to an end of the punch guide, prevents the workpiece from following the punch tip, upon its retraction back into the punch guide. 
     Those skilled in the art appreciate that punch assemblies require regular maintenance and modification, for example, to sharpen or replace worn punch tips, and to replace punch tips of one shape (or footprint) with those of an alternate shape for differing pressing operations. In the case of punch tips configured to be releasably attached to punch bodies, such tips are generally assembly-specific, i.e., not interchangeable with other punch assembly types. As a result, regular maintenance and modification on differing punch assemblies can involve a great deal of time and expense with regard to keeping sufficient stock of replacement punch tips for each of the assemblies. 
     SUMMARY 
     Embodiments of the invention are concerned with a punch tip design configured to be universal in its application with wide varieties of punch assemblies, and further with regard to various punch body designs from which universal application of the punch tip is exemplified. In some cases, ancillary components used with the various punch body designs enhance ease by which the operator can selectively manipulate the same for alternately securing or releasing the punch tip. 
     In one group of embodiments, a punch tool is provided and comprises a punch body, a punch tip, and a plurality of ancillary components. The punch body has a sidewall that defines a central cavity, the central cavity extending along a longitudinal extent of the punch body. The punch tip is configured to be alternately secured or released with respect to the punch body, the punch tip including a hub on one end thereof. The plurality of ancillary components comprises a cam, a carrier body, and a plurality of wedge members. The carrier body is seated within the punch body central cavity. The cam couples the punch body and the carrier body. The cam is selectively adjustable with respect to the punch body and the carrier body, and adjustment of the cam resulting in corresponding movement of the carrier body. The cam in a first adjusted position corresponds with the carrier body being in a raised position within the punch body central cavity and each of the wedge members being in a locked position within the punch body central cavity. Said locked position of the wedge members corresponds to a locking configuration of the punch body with respect to the punch tip hub. The cam in a second adjusted position corresponds with the carrier body being in a lowered position within the punch body central cavity and each of the wedge members being in an unlocked position within the punch body central cavity. Said unlocked position of the wedge members corresponds to an unlocking configuration of the punch body with respect to the punch tip hub. 
     Optionally, the cam may be selectively adjustable via rotation and may include one or more protruding portions, wherein orientation of the one or more protruding portions via rotation of the cam may result in the corresponding movement of the carrier body. 
     The cam may optionally comprise a rod-like body that may extend from an aperture defined in the punch body sidewall and through a bore defined in the carrier body. The rod-like body may optionally have a longitudinal extent that may be generally perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the punch body. In addition, the rod-like body may optionally include a head portion operatively coupled to the punch body via ball-channel linkage. Additionally, a channel may optionally be defined along an outer surface of the head portion and may be configured to partially accommodate a ball retained by the punch body, and wherein rotation of the rod-like body with respect to the punch body and the carrier body may correspond to rotation of the channel about the ball. The channel may optionally include one or more pockets, wherein the ball when positioned in one of the pockets may constitute a locking position for the rod-like body with respect to the punch body and the carrier body. In addition, the rod-like body may optionally include a stem portion having a segment with a first protruding portion on one side thereof, wherein the rod-like body in the first adjusted position may involve the first protruding portion being oriented in a direction toward a front end of the carrier body and may contact a corresponding sidewall of the carrier body bore, wherein said contact between the first protruding portion and the carrier bore sidewall may correspond to the raised position of the carrier body within the punch body cavity. Additionally, the rod-like body in the second adjusted position may optionally involve the first protruding portion being oriented in a direction toward a rear end of the carrier body and may contact a corresponding sidewall of the carrier body bore, wherein said contact between the first protruding portion and the carrier body sidewall may correspond to the lowered position of the carrier body within the punch body cavity. 
     Alternatively, the cam may optionally comprise a ring having two curved partial portions, wherein the two curved portions may be configured to be coupled together about a circumference of the punch body, and wherein the ring may be adjustably coupled to the carrier body via ball-seat linkage. The ring may optionally be configured to be selectively rotated about an axis extending central to the longitudinal extent of the punch body. In addition, first and second balls may optionally be further comprised, wherein the carrier body may include a stem defining first and second depressions that may be sized to correspondingly seat the first and second balls, the first and second depressions may be defined on opposing sides of the carrier body stem, wherein the first depression may be defined further from a back end of the stem then the second depression, wherein rotation of the ring to the first adjusted position may result in seating of the first ball with the first depression and corresponding movement of the carrier body into the raised position within the punch body, and wherein rotation of the ring to the second adjusted position may result in seating of the second ball with the second depression and corresponding movement of the carrier body into the lowered position within the punch body. The ring may optionally have first and second thicknesses oriented about an inner surface of the ring, wherein the first ring thickness may be greater than the second ring thickness, wherein rotation of the ring to the first adjusted position may result in sliding of the first ring thickness in contact with the first ball and may result in sliding of the second ring thickness in contact with the second ball, and rotation of the ring to the second adjusted position may result in sliding of the second ring thickness in contact with the first ball and may result in sliding of the first ring thickness in contact with the second ball. 
     Optionally, each of the plurality of wedge members may include a surface having a shape configured to mate with a corresponding surface of the punch tip hub, wherein the surfaces of the wedge members and the punch tip hub may represent the only contacting surfaces of the wedge members and the punch tip hub in securing the punch tip to the punch body. In addition, each of the contacting surfaces of the wedge members and the punch tip hub may optionally have differing slope angles. The slope angles of the contacting surfaces of the wedge members and the punch tip hub may optionally differ from each other in a range of between about 5° to about 10°. In addition, the punch tip hub surface may optionally have a slope angle in a range of between about 37° to about 50° and the surface of the wedge members may optionally have a slope angle in a range of between about 43° to about 56°. The surface of the wedge members may optionally be planar. Alternatively, the surface of the wedge members may optionally be curved. Additionally, the outer side surface of the wedge members may optionally be entirely curved. 
     Optionally, the carrier body may be defined with a plurality of slots each defined to accommodate one of the plurality of wedge members, and wherein movement of the carrier body within the punch body central cavity may result in corresponding movement of the wedge members relative to corresponding grooves defined in an inner surface of the punch body sidewall. Additionally, a pusher-retainer may optionally be further comprised and seated in a central cavity of the carrier body, wherein the pusher-retainer may be urged to a raised position in the central cavity when the carrier body is in the lowered position, and wherein the pusher-retainer in the raised position may prevent the wedge members from sliding out of the carrier body slots and into the carrier body central cavity. In addition, the wedge members may optionally be configured to contact and slide along side surfaces of the punch body grooves, wherein combined contact with the groove side surfaces and walls defining the carrier body slots may result in locking of the wedge members when the carrier body is in the raised position. Additionally, the wedge members may optionally be configured to contact and slide along side surfaces of the punch body grooves, wherein the wedge members may correspondingly slide within the carrier body slots and may partially protrude into a central cavity of the carrier body when the carrier body is in the raised position. Each protruding portion of the wedge members may optionally include a surface configured to mate with a corresponding surface of the punch tip hub, wherein the surfaces of the wedge members and the punch tip hub may represent the only contacting surfaces of the wedge members and the punch tip hub in securing the punch tip to the punch body. 
     In another group of embodiments, a punch tip is provided and comprises a body having a first end configured to be alternately secured or released with respect to a punch body and a second end comprising a working end of the punch tip. The first end includes a hub that is offset from a remainder of the body by a neck region. The hub has an upper area, a side area, and a bottom area. The bottom area of the hub and the neck region define a recessed area of the body. A surface of the bottom area of the hub is configured to singly mate with a corresponding surface of wedge members in securing the body to the punch body. The bottom area surface of the hub is planar and has an inward slope relative to the hub side area, the bottom area surface of the hub represents lone surface of the hub extending between the hub side area and the neck region. The bottom area surface of the hub represents an entirety of surface area between the hub side area and the neck region for the corresponding surface wedge member to mate with in securing the body to the punch body. 
     Optionally, the bottom area surface of the hub may define at least one quarter of the recess. 
     Optionally, the inward slope of the bottom area surface of the hub may enable secure coupling with the corresponding surface of the wedge members even in event of said corresponding surface varying in slope angle between about 2° and about 20° with the bottom area surface. Alternatively, the corresponding surface of the wedge members may optionally vary in slope angle between about 5° and about 10° with the bottom surface of the hub. 
     Optionally, the inward slope angle of the bottom area surface of the hub as measured from an axis running along a longitudinal extent of the punch body may be in the range of between about 25° and about 55°. Alternatively, the inward slope angle of the bottom area surface of the hub may optionally be in the range of between about 37° and about 50°. 
     Optionally, the upper side of the hub may be defined with a threaded portion, wherein the threaded portion may comprise a secondary means of coupling the hub with a punch body without configuration of the corresponding wedge members. 
     In another group of embodiments, a punch tip is provided and comprises a body having a first end configured to be alternately secured or released with respect to a punch body and a second end comprising a working end of the punch tip. The first end includes a hub that is offset from a remainder of the body by a neck region. The hub has an upper area, a side area, and a bottom area. The bottom area of the hub and the neck region define a recessed area of the body. A surface of the bottom area of the hub is configured to singly mate with a corresponding surface of wedge members in securing the body to the punch body. The bottom area surface of the hub is planar and has an inward slope relative to the hub side area. Such inward slope enabling secure coupling with the corresponding surface of the wedge members even in event of said corresponding surface varying in slope angle between about 2° and about 20° with the bottom area surface. The inward slope angle of the bottom area surface of the hub as measured from an axis running along a longitudinal extent of the punch body is in the range of between about 25° and about 55°. 
     Optionally, the corresponding surface of the wedge members may vary is slope angle between about 5° and about 10° with the bottom surface of the hub. In addition, the inward slope angle of the bottom area surface of the hub may optionally be in the range of between about 37° and about 50°. 
     Optionally, the upper side of the hub may be defined with a threaded portion, wherein the threaded portion may comprise a secondary means of coupling the hub with a punch body without configuration of the corresponding wedge members. 
     In another group of embodiments, a method of securing a punch tip with a punch body is provided. The method comprises providing a punch body and a plurality of ancillary components used therewith. The punch body has a sidewall that defines a central cavity. The central cavity extends along a longitudinal extent of the punch body. The plurality of ancillary components comprises a cam, a carrier body, and a plurality of wedge members. The carrier body is seated within the punch body central cavity. The cam couples the punch body and the carrier body. The method comprises adjusting the cam to a second position which corresponds with the carrier body being lowered in position within the punch body central cavity and each of the wedge members being unlocked within the punch body central cavity. The unlocked position of the wedge members corresponding to an unlocking configuration of the punch body with respect to a punch tip. The method comprises adjoining a punch tip to the punch body. The punch tip includes a hub on one end thereof, with the hub being inserted within the central cavity of the punch body. The method comprises adjusting the cam to a first position which corresponds with the carrier body being raised in position within the punch body central cavity and each of the wedge members being locked within the punch body central cavity. Said locked position of the wedge members corresponds to a locking configuration of the punch body with respect to the punch tip hub. 
     Optionally, the cam may be selectively adjustable via rotation and may include one or more protruding portions, wherein orientation of the one or more protruding portions via rotation of the cam may result in the corresponding movement of the carrier body within the central cavity of the punch body. In addition, the cam may optionally comprise a rod-like body that may extend from an aperture defined in the punch body sidewall and through a bore defined in the carrier body, wherein the rod-like body may include a stem portion having a segment with a first protruding portion on one side thereof, wherein the rod-like body when rotated to the first position may orient the first protruding portion in a direction toward a front end of the carrier body and may contact a corresponding sidewall of the carrier body bore, wherein said contact between the first protruding portion and the carrier bore sidewall may correspond to the raised position of the carrier body within the punch body cavity, and wherein the rod-like body when rotated to the second position may orient the first protruding portion in a direction toward a rear end of the carrier body and may contact a corresponding sidewall of the carrier body bore, wherein said contact between the first protruding portion and the carrier body sidewall may correspond to the lowered position of the carrier body within the punch body cavity. 
     Optionally, the carrier body may be defined with a plurality of slots each defined to accommodate one of the plurality of wedge members, and wherein the raising and lowering of the carrier body within the punch body central cavity may result in the wedge members moving relative to corresponding grooves defined in an inner surface of the punch body sidewall. In addition, the wedge members may optionally be configured to contact and slide along side surfaces of the punch body grooves, wherein the wedge members may correspondingly slide within the carrier body slots and may partially protrude into a central cavity of the carrier body when the carrier body is in the raised position. Additionally, each protruding portion of the wedge members may optionally include a surface configured to mate with a corresponding surface of the punch tip hub, wherein the surfaces of the wedge members and the punch tip hub may represent the only contacting surfaces of the wedge members and the punch tip hub in securing the punch tip to the punch body. 
     Other features and benefits that characterize embodiments of the present invention will be apparent upon reading the following detailed description and review of the associated drawings. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The following drawings are illustrative of particular embodiments of the present invention and therefore do not limit the scope of the invention. The drawings are not to scale (unless so stated) and are intended for use in conjunction with the explanations in the following detailed description. Embodiments of the present invention will hereinafter be described in conjunction with the appended drawings, wherein like numerals denote like elements. 
         FIG. 1A  is a side cross-sectional view of a punch assembly, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 1B  is an enlarged side cross-sectional view of punch body, punch tip, and ancillary components of the punch assembly of  FIG. 1A , according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 1C  is a perspective view of the punch body, the punch tip, and the ancillary components of  FIG. 1B , shown in exploded assembly view, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 1CC  is a perspective view of the punch body, the punch tip, and ancillary components as shown in  FIG. 1C , with extension rod attached to the punch body, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIGS. 1D and 1E  are differing perspective views of cam used with the punch body shown in  FIGS. 1A-1C , according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIGS. 1F and 1G  are differing perspective views of carrier body used with the punch body shown in  FIGS. 1A-1C , according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 1H  is a perspective view of pusher-retainer used with the punch body shown in  FIGS. 1A-1C , according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIGS. 1I and 1J  are perspective and side views of an exemplary wedge member used with the punch body shown in  FIGS. 1A-1C , according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 1K  is a side cross-sectional view of the punch body and the ancillary components as shown in  FIG. 1B  with the cam of  FIGS. 1D and 1E  being inserted in the punch body, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 1KK  is a cross-sectional view of the punch body and certain of the ancillary components of  FIG. 1K  along the lines  1 KK- 1 KK, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 1L  is a side cross-sectional view of the punch body and the ancillary components as shown in  FIG. 1B  with the cam of  FIGS. 1D and 1E  inserted in, and rotated relative to, the punch body, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 1LL  is a cross-sectional view of the punch body and certain of the ancillary components of  FIG. 1L  along the lines  1 LL- 1 LL, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 1M  is a side cross-sectional view of the punch body, the punch tip, and the ancillary components as shown in  FIG. 1B  with the cam of  FIGS. 1D and 1E  inserted in, and further rotated relative to, the punch body, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 1MM  is a cross-sectional view of the punch body and certain of the ancillary components of  FIG. 1M  along the lines  1 MM- 1 MM, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIGS. 2A and 2B  are perspective views of another punch tip, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 2C  is a perspective view of a further punch tip, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 3A  is a perspective view of a punch body for an additional punch assembly, with the punch tip of  FIGS. 2A and 2B  secured to the punch body via ancillary components, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 3B  is a cross-sectional view of the punch body, the punch tip, and the ancillary components of  FIG. 3A  along the lines  3 B- 3 B, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 3C  is an enlarged partial view of the punch body, the punch tip, and the ancillary components as shown in  FIG. 3B . 
         FIGS. 3D and 3E  are differing perspective views of cam used with the punch body of  FIGS. 3A and 3B , according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIGS. 3F and 3G  are differing perspective views of carrier body used with the punch body of  FIGS. 3A and 3B , according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 3H  is a side cross-sectional view of the punch body and the ancillary components as shown in  FIG. 3B  with the cam of  FIGS. 3D and 3E  being inserted in the punch body, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 3I  is a side cross-sectional view of the punch body and the ancillary components as shown in  FIG. 3B  with the cam of  FIGS. 3D and 3E  inserted in, and rotated relative to, the punch body, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 3J  is a side cross-sectional view of the punch body, the punch tip, and the ancillary components as shown in  FIG. 3B  with the cam of  FIGS. 3D and 3E  inserted in, and further rotated relative to, the punch body, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 4A  is a side cross-sectional view of a punch body for a Trumpf or non-turret style punch assembly and the punch tip of  FIGS. 2A and 2B  secured thereto via ancillary components, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 4B  is a perspective view of the punch body, the punch tip, and the ancillary components of  FIG. 4A , shown in exploded assembly view, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 5A  is a carrier body configured for a punch body of another punch assembly illustrating setup thereof when in a tip-securing position, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 5B  is the carrier body of  FIG. 5A  illustrating a further setup thereof when in a tip-releasing position, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIGS. 5C and 5D  are perspective and side views of an exemplary wedge member as used with the carrier body of  FIGS. 5A and 5B , according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 6A  is a perspective view of a punch body, a punch tip, and ancillary components of a further punch assembly, shown in exploded assembly view, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 6B  is a side cross-sectional partial view of an assembly of the punch body and the ancillary components of  FIG. 6A , with the ancillary components in one position relative to the punch body, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 6C  is a side cross-sectional partial view of the punch body, the punch tip, and the ancillary components of  FIG. 6A , with the ancillary components in another position relative to the punch body, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 6D  is a side cross-sectional partial view of the punch body, the punch tip, and the ancillary components of  FIG. 6A , with the ancillary components in a further position relative to the punch body, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIGS. 7A and 7B  are perspective and side views of a further exemplary wedge member, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
         FIG. 8  is a flowchart of steps for securing a punch tip to a punch body for a punch assembly, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The following detailed description is exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the invention in any way. Rather, the following description provides practical illustrations for implementing exemplary embodiments of the present invention. Examples of constructions, materials and dimensions are provided for selected elements, and all other elements employ that which is known to those of skill in the field of the invention. Those skilled in the art will recognize that many of the examples provided have suitable alternatives that can be utilized. 
       FIG. 1A  shows a side cross-sectional view of a punch assembly  10 , according to certain embodiments of the invention. As is generally the case for punch assemblies, the illustrated punch assembly  10  includes a punch guide  12 , a punch body  14 , and a punch tip  16 . As shown, the punch guide  12  includes a sidewall  18 , with a stripper plate  20  coupled to a first end  22  of the sidewall  18  and a spring pack (or driver) assembly  24  coupled to a second, opposing end  26  of the sidewall  18 . Various designs of stripper plates and spring pack assemblies are well known in the art. The skilled artisan will appreciate that the punch assembly embodiments described herein could be configured for use with these or other known stripper plate and spring pack assembly designs. More significant, following review of this application, the skilled artisan will appreciate that, similar to the general adaptability of stripper plates, the punch tip embodied herein is designed to have a wide scope of adaptability with differing punch assembly designs. 
     Referring back to the punch assembly  10  of  FIG. 1A , in certain embodiments, the punch guide  12  is tube shaped. The invention should not be limited to such however, as the punch guide  12  can just as well take on other shapes, e.g., multi-sided shapes with discrete sides. As shown, the sidewall  18  of the punch guide  12  forms a central cavity  28  for inserting the punch body  14  therein. Like the punch guide  12 , in certain embodiments, the punch body  14  is tube shaped in order to enable the body  14  to slide within the punch guide central cavity  28 . As shown, a sidewall  32  of the punch body  14  defines an aperture  30  passing there through, which is sized to accept a cam  34  therein. In certain embodiments, the aperture  30  is defined to be generally perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the punch body  14 . As such, the cam  34 , when accommodated by the aperture  30 , has a longitudinal extent that is generally perpendicular to that of the punch body  14 . 
       FIG. 1B  illustrates an enlarged view of the punch body  14  and punch tip  16  shown in  FIG. 1A . Regarding assembly of the punch tip  16  with the punch body  14 , one component used to trigger either securement or release of the tip  16  with respect to the body  14  is the cam  34 . As shown, in certain embodiments, the aperture  30  of the punch body  14  passes from one side  32   a  of the punch body sidewall  32  to the opposing side  32   b  of the sidewall  32 . In certain embodiments, the cam  34  is a rod-like body, and is sized to extend from the one sidewall side  32   a  to the opposing sidewall side  32   b , resulting in uniform rigidity over the longitudinal extent of the cam  34  when accommodated by the aperture  30 . Such rigidity is important when using the cam  34  in securing/releasing the punch tip  16  with respect to the punch body  14 . For example, at differing times during the cam&#39;s adjustment, forces are applied to the cam  34  (generally perpendicular to the cam&#39;s longitudinal extent) in opposing directions. 
     While the punch body aperture  30  is shown as passing through both opposing sides  32   a  and  32   b  of the punch body sidewall  32 , the aperture  30  can alternately be configured to pass through the one side  32   a  yet terminate short of passing through the other side  32   b . As such, while not being shown, the aperture  30  can be defined to form a pocket within the side  32   b  of the punch body sidewall  32  in order to retain the leading end  34   b  of the cam  34  yet to prevent such end  34   b  from protruding through the side  32   b . Regardless of whether the punch body aperture  30  passes through both of the opposing sides  32   a  and  32   b  of the punch body sidewall  32 , access can be made with regard to the cam  34  at its insertion point in the sidewall  32 . Such access permits the cam  34  to be selectively adjusted in the aperture  30 . In certain embodiments, as further detailed below, such adjustment involves rotating the cam  34  in the aperture  30 . As later detailed below, the cam  34  is uniquely shaped, which enables (e.g., via its rotation within the punch body aperture  30 ) a triggering of other ancillary components within the punch body  14  to alternately secure or release the punch tip  16 , as is desired. 
     In addition to the cam  34 , a further of the ancillary components is a carrier body  36 , as embodied in  FIGS. 1F and 1G . With reference to  FIG. 1B , the carrier body  36  is inserted in a central cavity  38  of the punch body  14  and is defined with a bore  40  configured to align with the punch body aperture  30 . As such, when inserted in the punch body aperture  30 , the cam  34  is adapted to further pass through the carrier body bore  40 . As later described, this coupling of the carrier body  36  with the cam  34  enables movement of the body  36  via rotation of the cam  34 . As later detailed, other ancillary components enabling the punch tip  16  to be alternately secured or released from the punch body  14  can include a plurality of springs  42 ,  44 , and  46 , a pusher-retainer  48 , and a plurality of wedge members  50 . 
       FIG. 1C  shows a perspective view of the punch body  14  and the punch tip  16 , both in exploded assembly view, in accordance with certain embodiments of the invention. Also shown are the ancillary components alluded to above and exemplarily used in alternately securing or releasing the punch tip  16  with respect to the punch body  14 . With reference to the punch body  14 , the cam  34  is shown prior to being inserted in the punch body aperture  30 , and, as described above, serves as a triggering mechanism for the punch tip  16  being alternately secured or released.  FIG. 1CC  is a perspective view of the punch body  14  and the punch tip  16  as shown in  FIG. 1C , with extension rod  59  being further shown, according to certain embodiments of the invention. Use of the rod  59 , as should be appreciated, represents one exemplary means by which the punch body  14  can be configured to couple with a spring pack for the punch assembly (e.g., extending through the spring pack and threaded to a rear end thereof). 
       FIGS. 1D and 1E  show enlarged perspective views of the cam  34 , according to certain embodiments of the invention. The cam  34  includes a head portion  52  and a stem portion  54 . In certain embodiments, as shown in  FIG. 1E , the head portion  52  is configured for rotation with an alien wrench (as shown), torx wrench, or the like. In certain embodiments, insertion and subsequent rotation of the cam  34  within the punch body aperture  30  is performed while the punch body  14  is apart from the punch guide  12 . However, in other designs, the punch guide  12  is configured with an opening in the sidewall  18  therein to permit rotation of the cam  34  while the punch body  14  is assembled to the punch guide  12 . For example, referring back to  FIG. 1A , such punch guide opening could be configured similar to keywells in the punch guide sidewall  18  (such as keywell  29 , shown as accommodating a plug  31  to prevent pressure leakage from the punch guide  12 ). Accordingly, as the punch body  14  is inserted in the central cavity  28  of the punch guide  12 , the punch body aperture  30  can be aligned with such punch guide opening. By configuring the cam head portion  52  to be rotated via such allen or torx wrench, an end of such wrench is narrow enough to be easily slid through such punch guide opening as well as the punch body aperture  30  in order to rotate the cam  34 . 
     Linkage between the cam  34  (once inserted in the punch body aperture  30 ) and the punch body  14  is provided via use of a member disposed there between, which serves as a linking member for holding the cam  34  to the body  14 . In certain embodiments, as shown in  FIG. 1C , the member can be a ball  56  that is carried in a depression  58  of the punch body  14 . The depression  58  is defined to open up to the punch body aperture  30 . Thus, once placed in the depression  58 , the ball  56  is sized to partially extend into the aperture  30 . The cam  34 , in certain embodiments as shown in  FIG. 1D , includes a channel  60  extending about an outer side of the cam&#39;s head portion  52 , with the channel  60  sized to accommodate the portion of the ball  56  that extends into the punch body aperture  30 . In certain embodiments, the channel  60  includes an inlet  60   a  that serves as an entry point for the ball  56  as the cam  34  is inserted in the punch body aperture  30 . Once the ball  56  enters the channel  60  and the cam  34  is subsequently rotated, the channel  60  rotates about the ball  56 , thereby retaining the cam  34  within the punch body aperture  30 . 
     In certain embodiments, as further shown in  FIGS. 1D and 1E , the channel  60  includes one or more pockets  60   b  extending away from the channel  60  and toward (e.g., in a direction generally parallel to) the stem portion  54  of the cam  34 . In certain embodiments, the channel  60  includes at least two such pockets  60   b . The pockets  60   b , serving as holding points for the ball  56  as the channel  60  is rotated thereabout, are used as locking positions for the cam  34  as it is rotated in the punch body aperture  30 . As further detailed herein, such locking positions serve as positions at which the punch tip  16  can be alternately secured with the punch body  14  or released from the punch body  14 . 
     In connection with the pockets  60   b  described above, and referring back to  FIGS. 1A-1C , a spring  42  is positioned in the punch body aperture  30  and suspended therein via contact with the carrier body  36 . As such, when the cam  34  is inserted in the aperture  30 , its stem portion  54  passes through the spring  42 , while the head portion  52  contacts the spring  42 . Thus, when the cam  34  is operatively coupled to the punch body  14  (via the ball  56  being suspended within the channel  60 ) and the cam  34  is rotated to a position such that the ball  56  is atop one of the pockets  60   b , the force of the spring  42  on the cam head portion  52  results in a seating of the ball  56  into said pocket  60   b , thereby locking the cam  34  at such position. To subsequently move the cam  34  from such position, an inward force is applied against the cam head portion  52  (e.g., via an allen wretch) to compress the spring  42 . As a result of such inward force, the ball  56  is unseated from the pocket  60   b  and is directed back into the channel  60  to enable rotation of the cam  34  to a further position. The positioning of the cam  34 , for securing and releasing the punch tip  16  with the punch body  14 , is detailed later. 
     As further shown in  FIGS. 1D and 1E , the stem portion  54  of the cam  34  has separate first and second segments  54   a  and  54   b . As shown, the segments  54   a  and  54   b  are configured to be out of alignment. In certain embodiments, the first segment  54   a  has a portion  54   a ′ that protrudes in a direction generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A of the cam  34 , while the second segment  54   b  has a portion  54   b ′ that protrudes in a generally opposite direction. The protruding portion  54   a ′ of segment  54   a  is particularly significant in the functioning of the cam  34  as a triggering mechanism, particularly via the carrier body  36 . As alluded to above, enlarged perspective views of the carrier body  36  are shown in  FIGS. 1F and 1G , according to certain embodiments of the invention. Such carrier body  36  is configured to function with ancillary components, e.g., one or more of the springs  44  and  46 , the pusher-retainer  48 , and the wedge members  50 . 
     With reference to  FIGS. 1B and 1C , the spring  44  is inserted in the central cavity  38  of the punch body  14  followed by insertion of the carrier body  36  in the cavity  38 . As a consequence, the spring  44  provides a force on the carrier body  36  in an outward direction with respect to the punch body  14  (i.e., toward a front end  14   a  of the body  14 ). However, as described above, subsequent insertion of the cam  34  through the punch body aperture  30  and carrier body bore  40  retains the carrier body  36  from being forced out of the punch body  14  by the spring  44 . Thus, the carrier body  36  is resiliently biased toward the front end  14   a  of the punch body  14 , yet movement of the body  36  is dictated via rotation of the cam  34 . In particular, as the cam  34  is rotated in the punch body aperture  30  such that protruding portion  54   a ′ (of segment  54   a ) is oriented toward a front end  36   a  of the carrier body  36 , the body  36  is correspondingly urged toward the front end  14   a  of the punch body  14  and to a raised (i.e., shallower) position in the punch body central cavity  38 . Such positioning of the carrier body  36  is perhaps best demonstrated in  FIG. 1B . Conversely, as the cam  34  is rotated in the punch body aperture  30  such that the protruding portion  54   a ′ is oriented toward a rear end  36   b  of the carrier body  36 , the body  36  is moved away from the front end  14   a  of the punch body  14  and to a lowered (i.e., deeper) position in the punch body central cavity  38 . Such positioning of the carrier body  36  is perhaps best demonstrated in  FIG. 1L . As further detailed below, such alternating movement (or positioning) of the carrier body  36  is a further trigger for alternately securing or releasing the punch tip  16  with respect to the punch body  14 . 
     With continued reference to  FIGS. 1B and 1C , the spring  46  is inserted into a central cavity  36   c  of the carrier body  36  followed by insertion into the cavity  36   c  of the pusher-retainer  48  (an enlarged perspective view of which is exemplarily shown in  FIG. 1H ). As a consequence, the spring  46  resiliently biases the pusher-retainer  48  in an outward direction with respect to the carrier body  36  (i.e., toward the front end  36   a  of the body  36 ). As further detailed below, the pusher-retainer  48  serves two purposes, to aid in ejecting the punch tip  16  from the punch body  14 , and to create a condition that aids the punch tip  16  to be inserted to an engaging position with the punch body  14 . In certain embodiments, an insert ring  62  is further inserted and secured (e.g., within a circular channel) within the central cavity  36   c  of the carrier body  36 . Such ring  62 , once secured within the carrier body cavity  36   c  prevents the pusher-retainer  48  from being forced too far from the rear end  36   b  of the carrier body  36  via action of the spring  46 . In particular, an outer edge  48   a  of the pusher-retainer  48 , when contacting the insert ring  62 , prevents further outward movement of the pusher-retainer  48  within the central cavity  36   c  of the carrier body  36 . However, the invention should not be limited to use of such insert ring  62 . For example, in certain embodiments, a lip or other protruding portion may be coupled to or machined within the carrier body cavity  36   c , thereby providing a substitute for the insert ring  62  while serving the same function. To that end, the surface area of such lip can be limited so that it only extends from two inner sides of the cavity  36   c , while serving the same function. Aside from the insert ring  62  (or lip or protruding portion(s) of the carrier body central cavity  36   c , movement of the pusher-retainer  48  is further dictated via movement of the carrier body  36  and corresponding movement of the wedge members  50 , as further detailed below. 
     In summary, the cam  34  is configured for adjustment (e.g., rotation) once positioned within the aperture  30  of the punch body  14  and the bore  40  of the carrier body  36 . In certain embodiments, the cam&#39;s allowable range of rotation is dictated by the longitudinal extent of channel  60  defined in cam&#39;s head portion  52 , as the ball  56  seated therein prevents the cam&#39;s further rotation. The channel  60 , in certain embodiments, is formed with one or more pockets  60   b  each serving as a rotatable locking position for the cam  34 . In certain embodiments, the locking positions include a first position enabling the punch tip  16  to be secured to the punch body  14  (whereby the protruding portion  54   a ′ is oriented toward the front end  36   a  of the carrier body  36 ) and a second position enabling the punch tip  16  to be released from (or inserted within) the punch body  14  (whereby the protruding portion  54   a ′ is oriented toward the rear end  36   b  of the carrier body  36 ). 
     As alluded to above, while opposing movements of the carrier body  36  are alternately triggered by the cam&#39;s rotation, such movements can be thought of as further triggers for alternatively securing or releasing the punch tip  16  with respect to the punch body  14 . In certain embodiments, this further triggering involves the wedge members  50 .  FIGS. 1I and 1J  show enlarged views of one exemplary wedge member  50 . In certain embodiments, and with reference to  FIGS. 1B and 1C , a plurality of the wedge members  50  is utilized with the carrier body  36 , with slots  36   d  in the body  36  to correspondingly accommodate the members  50 . While three wedge members  50  are exemplified, the invention should not be limited to such. Instead, in certain embodiments, any quantity of two or more wedge members  50  can be used, with each correspondingly positioned within one of the slots  36   d  of the carrier body  36 . In certain embodiments, as shown, the slots  36   d  are at the front end  36   a  of the carrier body  36 , and defined generally equidistant about the circumference of the body&#39;s outer surface.  FIGS. 1B, 1K, 1L, and 1M  illustrate cross-sectional views of the punch body  14 , showing differing rotated positions of the cam  36  and corresponding effects on the carrier body  36  and the wedge members  50 , according to certain embodiments of the invention. As further detailed below, with movement of the carrier body  36  (via rotation of the cam  34 ), the wedge members  50  are moved in corresponding fashion with respect to the carrier body slots  36   d  and grooves  14   b  of the punch body  14  (lying external to the slots  36   d ). 
     For example, starting with  FIG. 1K , the punch body  14  is shown without the punch tip  16 , with the cam  34  being partially inserted in the aperture  30  of the punch body  14  and bore  40  of the carrier body  36 . As described above, in certain embodiments, the punch body  14  is configured to be operatively coupled with the cam  34  via a ball-channel linkage. As shown, no such linkage is yet applicable because the head portion  52  of the cam  34  is not yet fully inserted within the punch body aperture  30  (as illustrated in corresponding cross-section of  FIG. 1KK ). Also, neither of the cam&#39;s protruding portions  54   a ′,  54   b ′ are visible. To that end, in certain embodiments, the carrier body bore  40  is defined so as to only allow insertion of the cam  34  therein when the cam&#39;s protruding portions  54   a ′,  54   b ′ are generally oriented perpendicular with respect to the punch body front end  14   a . Consequently, there is no force from the cam  34  (via the protruding portion  54   a ′) being directed toward the carrier body  36 , and little corresponding force from the carrier body  36  on the wedge members  50 . As such, the wedge members  50 , while accommodated by the carrier body slots  36   d , are free to slide into the central cavity  36   c  of the carrier body  36  (as shown). 
     Regarding  FIG. 1L , the punch body  14  is again shown without the punch tip  16 ; however, the cam  34  is shown as being fully inserted in the punch body aperture  30  and carrier body bore  40 . As such, in embodiments employing the above-described ball-channel linkage of the punch body  14  and cam  34 , the ball  56  (not visible as it is positioned rearward of the cam head portion  52 , yet illustrated in corresponding cross-section of  FIG. 1LL ) is not only located in the channel  60 , but also in one of the pockets  60   b  for locking the cam  34  in position. As shown, the spring  42  is biasing the head portion  52  of the cam  34  so as to keep the ball in such pocket  60   b  and the cam  34  at such rotated position. In particular, the illustrated position is for releasing (or inserting) the punch tip  16  with respect to the punch body  14 . At such position, the protruding portion  54   a ′ of segment  54   a  is oriented toward the rear end  36   b  of the carrier body  36 , which in turn forces the body  36  inward of (i.e., deeper or lowered within) the punch body central cavity  38 . Such inward urging of the carrier body  36  in turn allows the wedge members  50  to be pulled inward (of the punch body cavity  38 ) via their accommodation by the carrier body slots  36   d . In particular, the wedge members  50  are pulled adjacent to the grooves  14   b  of the punch body  14 . Such inward pull of the wedge members  50  along with outward force of the pusher-retainer  48  (via its spring  46 ) results in the pusher-retainer  48  contacting and forcing the members  50  to protrude from the carrier body slots  36   d  and into the grooves  14   b.    
     Looking to  FIG. 1M , the punch tip  16  is shown as being partially inserted in the central cavity  38  of the punch body  14 . Similar to what is shown in  FIG. 1L , the cam  34  is fully inserted in the punch body aperture  30  and carrier body bore  40 ; however, its leading end  34   b  is shown extending outside the punch body aperture  30 . Thus, in embodiments employing the above-described ball-channel linkage of the punch body  14  and cam  34 , the ball  56  (again not visible as it is positioned rearward of the cam head portion  52 , yet illustrated in corresponding cross-section of  FIG. 1MM ) is located in the channel  60  and not in one of the pockets  60   b  for locking the cam  34  in position. As shown, neither of the cam&#39;s protruding portions  54   a ′,  54   b ′ are visible. In particular, the portions  54   a ′,  54   b ′ again are generally oriented perpendicular with respect to the punch body front end  14   a , yet oriented 180 degrees from their positions described above with respect to  FIG. 1K . Consequently, in reference back to  FIG. 1L , the inward force applied to the carrier body  36  is removed, resulting in the carrier body  36  being urged outward (i.e., toward the front end  14   a  of the punch body  14 ) via action of the spring  44 . Such outward urging of the carrier body  36  in turn forces the wedge members  50  to be pulled outward via their accommodation by the carrier body slots  36   d . In particular, the wedge members  50  contact the frontal side surfaces  64  of the grooves  14   b  of the punch body  14 . Such outward pull of the wedge members  50  (via the carrier body  36 ) in combination with the slope of the frontal side surfaces  64  of the grooves  14   b  results in the wedge members  50  sliding along such surfaces  64 , back through the carrier body slots  36   d  so as to protrude into the central cavity  36   c  of the carrier body  36 . As shown, contact with the pusher-retainer  48  prevents the wedge members  50  form protruding too far into the central cavity  36   c.    
     Finally, with reference to  FIG. 1B , the punch body  14  is shown with the punch tip  16  secured thereto. Employing the above-described ball-channel linkage of the punch body  14  and cam  34 , and similar to that described with  FIGS. 1L and 1LL , the ball  56  is located in another of the pockets  60   b  for locking the cam  34  in position, with the spring  42  biasing the head portion  52  of the cam  34  so as to keep the ball  56  in such pocket  60   b  and the cam  34  is such rotated position. In particular, the illustrated position is for securing the punch tip  16  with respect to the punch body  14 . At such position, the protruding portion  54   a ′ of segment  54   a  is oriented toward the front end  36   a  of the carrier body  36 , which in turn forces the body  36  outward of (i.e., shallower or raised within) the punch body central cavity  38 . Continuing from that described above for  FIG. 1M , such outward pulling of the carrier body  36  in turn forces the wedge members  50  to be pulled further out (of the punch body central cavity  38 ) via their accommodation by the carrier body slots  36   d . Such further outward pull of the wedge members  50  (via the carrier body  36 ) in combination with the slope of the frontal side surfaces  64  of the grooves  14   b  results in the wedge members  50  continuing to slide along such surfaces  64  and into the central cavity  38  of the punch body  14 . Such sliding action results in the wedge members  50  further protruding from the carrier body slots  36   d  and into the central cavity  36   c  of the carrier body  36 . 
     As should be appreciated, in inserting the punch tip  16  in the punch body central cavity  38 , and further into the carrier body central cavity  36   c , a coupling hub  16   a  of the punch tip  16  contacts and forces the pusher-retainer  48  into the carrier body central cavity  36   c . Consequently, the pusher-retainer  48  is no longer in a raised position within the carrier body central cavity  36   c  in order to block protruding movement of the wedge members  50 . Accordingly, the wedge members  50  are urged to underlay the hub  16   a  of the punch tip  16  (for securing the tip  16  to the punch body  14 ) given the outward pull of the wedge members  50  (via the carrier body  36 ) in combination with the slope of the frontal side surfaces  64  of the grooves  14   b . With further reference to  FIG. 1B , as the hub  16   a  of the punch tip  16  is inserted into the central cavities  38 ,  36   c , inward movement of the hub  16   a  is prevented when an upper surface  16   e  of the hub  16   a  contacts the insert ring  62 . In turn, the cam  34  is rotated as described above, with the wedge members  50  locking the hub  16   a  from its rear. 
       FIGS. 1A-1M , as detailed above, pertain to embodiments principally concerned with the punch body  14  and the ancillary components used therewith for assembly/disassembly of the punch tip  16  thereto. However, just as significant is the punch tip  16  embodied for the assembly. Particularly, a specific combination of characteristics pertaining to the punch tip  16  have been adopted (as further detailed below) to enable the tip  16  to have broad application. For example, such characteristics enable the punch tip  16  to be potentially adaptable with a wide variety of punch body types (and corresponding punch assemblies) while limiting complexity of the tip&#39;s design (e.g., to limit corresponding manufacturing expense). Further, such combination of characteristics for the punch tip  16  contributes to the ease by which the tip  16  can be secured and released from such punch body types. 
     In detailing the design of the punch tip  16 , reference is initially made to the punch assembly  10  of  FIG. 1A , the punch body  14  thereof, and the wedge members  50  used in alternately securing or releasing the punch tip  16  there from.  FIGS. 1I and 1J  show perspective views of one of the wedge members  50 , according to certain embodiments of the invention. As illustrated, the wedge member  50  has a curvature along its longitudinal extent so as to generally match the curvature of the punch tip hub  16   a . In certain embodiments (as described above), in addition to the punch tip hub  16   a , the wedge members  50  are configured for mating with the slots  36   d  of the carrier body  36  and one or more of the frontal-most surfaces  64  and  66  of the punch body grooves  14   b.    
     In certain embodiments, as shown in  FIGS. 1I and 1J  (and with reference to  FIG. 1B ), the wedge members  50  have principal planar surfaces  50   aa ,  50   bb ,  50   cc , and  50   dd  on each of its sides  50   a ,  50   b ,  50   c , and  50   d , respectively. Two of the planar surfaces  50   aa  and  50   cc  (located on opposing sides  50   a  and  50   c , respectively) allow for snug accommodation of the wedge member  50  within the carrier body slot  36   d . However, such snug accommodation allows the members  50  to slide within the slots  36   d , e.g., as a result of contact with other bodies during movement of the carrier body  36 . In certain embodiments, the flat surfaces  50   aa  and  50   cc  run substantially parallel to corresponding surfaces defining the carrier body slots  36   d . As described above, in certain embodiments, the planar surface  50   bb  (of side  50   b ) is configured to mate with the frontal-most surface  64  of each of the punch body grooves  14   b . In certain embodiments, the sloped surface  50   bb  of the wedge members  50  and the sloped frontal-most surface  64  of the grooves  14   b  have approximately the same angle of slope so as to enhance sliding of the wedge members  50  out of the grooves  14   b , as described above with reference to  FIGS. 1B and 1M . 
     Side  50   d  of the wedge members  50  is configured for making contact (and moving out of contact) with the punch tip  16  for securing (and releasing/inserting) the tip  16  with the punch body  14 . As described above, the punch tip  16  has been designed to be applicable with a wide variety of punch bodies, while having limited complexity with respect to the tip&#39;s design. Consequently, greater application of the punch tip  16  with respect to various punch assembly designs is likely, while avoiding significant manufacturing costs for the punch tip  16 . Through the design process, many factors were considered. While focus was given to the configuration of the side  50   d  of the wedge members  50 , just as much focus was given to the corresponding surface(s) of the punch tip  16  that would be configured to mate with such wedge member side  50   d . For example, one consideration involved how many surfaces of the punch tip  16  should advantageously come into contact (or move out of contact) with the wedge members  50  for securing (or releasing) the tip  16  with respect to the punch body  14 . Other considerations involved (i) how these punch tip surface(s) should be advantageously shaped, (ii) to what surface(s) of the wedge members  50  should the punch tip surface(s) advantageously correspond, and further, (iii) how these punch tip surface(s) should advantageously align or mate with the corresponding surface(s) of the wedge members  50 . 
     With reference to  FIGS. 2A-2C , other punch tips  16 ′ and  16 ″ are embodied herein, in accordance with certain embodiments of the invention. However, as should be appreciated, these punch tips  16 ′ and  16 ″ have similar characteristics as the punch tip  16  for configuring the punch tips to be applicable to a wide variety of punch bodies (and corresponding punch assemblies). In certain embodiments, as further detailed below, these characteristics relate to design features of the punch tip hub  16   a . Particular reference is hereafter made to  FIGS. 2A and 2B , each showing enlarged views of the punch tip  16 ′ and its hub  16   a ′ in certain embodiments. However, as alluded to above, each of the punch tips  16  and  16 ″ (perhaps as best shown in  FIGS. 1B and 2C , respectively) share similar characteristics with respect to hub design. Accordingly, the relevant hub features for the punch tips  16  and  16 ″ are labeled with the same reference numerals, yet different iterations of the numerals. 
     Looking to  FIGS. 2A and 2B  (and with reference to  FIGS. 3B and 3C ), the punch tip  16 ′ is a body with a first end  17   a ′ configured to be alternately secured or released with respect to a punch body (such as punch body  14 ′) and a second end  17   b ′ that includes a working end of the tip  16 ′. In certain embodiments, the punch tip  16 ′ is a single integral body; however, it should be appreciated that other designs could involve the punch tip  16 ′ being composed of separate conjoined pieces. With further reference to  FIGS. 2A and 3C , the first end  17   a ′ of the punch tip  16 ′ includes a hub  16   a ′ that is offset from a remainder of the tip  16 ′ by a neck or neck region  17   c ′. As shown, the hub  16   a ′ has an upper area  18   a ′, a side area  18   b ′, and a bottom area  18   c ′. As shown, the bottom area  18   c ′ of the hub  16   a ′ and the neck  17   c ′ define a recess  16   b ′ of the punch tip  16 ′. In certain embodiments, a surface  16   c ′ of the hub bottom area  18   c ′ is configured to singly mate with the wedge members (such as wedge members  50 ′ shown in  FIG. 3C ). To that end, the punch tip  16 ′ is configured such that the single surface  16   c ′ of the hub bottom area  18   c ′ contacts (or releases from contact with) the wedge members  50 ′ when securing (or releasing) the tip  16 ′ with respect to the punch body  14 ′. 
     With further reference to  FIGS. 2A and 3C , it has been found that a stable coupling is provided for the punch tip  16 ′ through contact with such single hub surface  16   c ′ in light of the plurality of wedge members  50 ′ that act upon the surface  16   c ′. The hub surface  16   c ′, as described above, involves one of the surfaces forming the recess  16   b ′ of the punch tip  16 ′. The hub surface  16   c ′, in certain embodiments, defines at least one quarter (25%) of the recess  16   b ′. In certain embodiments, the surface  16   c ′ represents the lone surface of the hub  16   a ′ extending between the hub side area  18   b ′ and the neck region  17   c ′. In such case, the surface  16   c ′ represents an entirety of surface area between the hub side area  18   b ′ and the neck region  17   c ′ for corresponding side  50   dd  of wedge member  50 ′ to mate with in securing the punch tip  16 ′ to the punch body  14 ′. By designing the hub surface  16   c ′ as such a significant area and/or as the lone contact surface of the bottom area of the hub  16   a ′ enables the punch tip  16 ′ to be flexible in terms of its adaptability to differing wedge member configurations employed by wide varieties of punch bodies (and corresponding punch assemblies). 
     In certain embodiments, the hub surface  16   c ′ is planar and has an inward slope relative to the hub side area  18   b ′. By configuring the hub surface  16   c ′ to slope diagonally inward from such hub side area  18   b ′, the manner by which engaging members (such as the wedge members  50 ′) can alternately slide inward (and bear against such surface  16   c ′) and slide outward (and become free of the hub surface  16   c ′) in releasing the punch tip  16 ′ is enhanced. Consequently, overall ease by which the punch tip  16 ′ can be alternately secured or released from the punch body  14 ′ is enhanced. With continued reference to  FIG. 3C , in certain embodiments, the single hub surface  16   c ′ is configured to contact (or move out of contact with) a corresponding single surface of the wedge members  50 ′. As shown, the single surface of the wedge members  50 ′ used in contacting the punch tip surface  16   c ′ is surface  50   dd ′ of side  50   d ′. By minimizing the number of surfaces of the tip  16 ′ and wedge members  50 ′ that are configured to contact, there is less risk of misalignment there between, as is often the case for groups of contacting surfaces. As further illustrated in  FIG. 3C , the surface  50   dd ′ has a slope somewhat similar to that of the hub surface  16   c ′, and such similarity enables eased contact and manipulation there between (as described above with reference to  FIGS. 1B and 1K-1M ). It is natural to presume that an ideal design would be for such sliding surfaces (i.e., the hub and wedge member surfaces  16   c ′ and  50   dd ′) to have the same slope angle. However, after careful analysis, this was found to not be the case for the design embodied herein. 
     While it is true that too great a deviation in slope angle between the punch tip surface  16   c ′ and the wedge member surfaces  50   dd ′ is found to diminish the holding power there between, configuring the surfaces  16   c ′ and  50   dd ′ to have substantially the same or near the same slope angle (e.g., differing at most by one degree) significantly increased the difficulty involved with their manufacture. Not only this, but dictating that the contacting surfaces  16   c ′ and  50   dd ′ to be substantially the same or near the same runs contrary to the above-described goal of configuring the punch tip  16 ′ to be universal in its application with regard to various punch assembly types. As alluded to above, not all punch bodies can incorporate the exact wedge member design (or wedge members at all) as provided with the punch body  14 ′. Configuring the hub surface  16   c ′ to be planar and sloped enables the punch tip hub  16   a ′ of punch tip  16 ′ to exhibit good holding power without requiring the surface  16   c ′ to exactly mate with corresponding retaining members of or within the punch body. Consequently, the punch tip  16 ′ is more applicable to a wider variety of punch assemblies. 
     In determining working angles for each of the punch tip surface  16   c ′ and the wedge member surfaces  50   dd ′, a wide variety of angle combinations were considered. Regarding the angles considered, they could be measured from a separate surface of the wedge member  50 ′. For example, with reference to  FIG. 1B  and the wedge member  50 ′ illustrated therein, the planar surface  50   c ′ of wedge member side  50   c  could be the reference surface, from which various slope angle combinations for the surfaces  16   c ′ and  50   dd ′ could be measured and then tested. As should be appreciated, because the wedge members  50 ′ are moved into the recess  16   b ′ of the punch tip hub  16   a ′, the punch tip surface  16   c ′ is generally a lesser angle from such reference surface  50   c ′ then the wedge member surface  50   dd ′. Consequently, the angles measured and tested for the punch tip surface  16   c ′ were smaller than corresponding angles for the wedge member surface  50   dd′.    
     In certain embodiments, advantageous working angles, both for holding power and maneuverability, for the punch tip hub surface  16   c ′ were found to range from about 25° to about 55°, while corresponding advantageous working angles for the wedge member surface  50   dd ′ were found to range from about 28° to about 60°. Additionally, in certain embodiments, the difference in slope angle between the surfaces  50   dd ′ and  16   c ′ that was found advantageous, both for sufficient holding power and machining purposes, was found to range from about 2° to about 20°. In preferred embodiments, the difference in slope between the surfaces  50   dd ′ and  16   c ′ was found to be most advantageous when in the range from about 5° to about 10°, and most preferable, when about 8°. Referring back to working angles for the punch tip surface  16   c ′, in preferred embodiments, the working angles found to be most advantageous were in the range from about 37° to about 50°, and corresponding working angles for the wedge member surface  50   dd ′ were found to be most advantageous in the range from about 43° to about 56°. In most preferable embodiments, the working angle for the punch tip surface  16   c ′ was found most advantageous when about 40°, with corresponding working angle for the wedge member surface  50   dd ′ being found most advantageous when about 48°. 
     Embodiments focused upon above have involved coupling the punch tips  16 ,  16 ′, and  16 ″, and specifically their punch tip hub surfaces  16   c ,  16   c ′, and  16   c ″, with corresponding surfaces of wedge members for alternately securing or releasing the punch tips  16 ,  16 ′, and  16 ″ to corresponding punch bodies of punch assemblies. However, it should be appreciated that a variety of movable bodies (i.e., other than wedge members) can be used in punch body designs for contacting punch tip hubs in securing punch tips to punch bodies. For example, in certain embodiments, the movable bodies can involve balls or keys; however, given the adaptability of the hub design embodied above, the punch tips  16 ,  16 ′, and  16 ″ have greater chance of applicability in such cases. 
     Again, reference is made below specifically to punch tip  16 ′, yet such description equally applies to punch tips  16  and  16 ″ with their similar hub features. In certain embodiments, the punch tip  16 ′ involves only a single contact surface  16   c ′ of the hub  16   a ′ for securing and releasing the punch tip  16 ′. As further described, in certain embodiments, the hub contact surface  16   c ′ is configured to be of a slope angle that affords sound coupling without necessitating the corresponding contact surface  50   dd ′ of wedge members  50 ′ to be of the same slope angle. Thus, sound coupling between the hub  16   a ′ and movable bodies (such as the wedge members  50 ′) of a punch body can be achieved via minimized contacting surfaces there between, while also permitting slope variance between the contacting surfaces. Accordingly, such simplicity and flexibility avails the embodied punch tip  16 ′ to be applicable with a wide variety of punch assembly designs with limited modification to their designs and corresponding decreased impact on manufacturing cost. 
     In punch body embodiments incorporating the ancillary components described herein, e.g., punch body  14 , certain of the components serve as triggers (e.g., the cam  34 , the carrier body  36 , and the wedge members  50 ) for securing and releasing the punch tip  16  with regard to the punch body  14 . Use of the cam  34  also enhances the ease (via rotation of the cam  34 ) by which an operator can easily and selectively manipulate other of the ancillary components to secure or release the punch tip  16  with regard to the punch body  14 . 
     It is well known that punch tips for punch assemblies come in a wide variety of sizes, types, and configurations.  FIGS. 2A and 2B  show perspective views of the punch tip  16 ′, and as described above, is similar to the punch tip  16  but for having a different tip size or footprint (i.e., with the tip  16 ′ and its working end  16   d ′ correspondingly being both narrower and elongated). As further alluded to above,  FIG. 2C  shows another punch tip  16 ″, similar to punch tip  16 , yet having certain distinctions according to certain embodiments of the invention. For example, one distinguishing feature involves the upper surface  16   e ″ of the hub  16   a ″ being defined with a threaded portion  16   f ″. As should be appreciated, the threaded portion  16   f ″ serves as an alternate means of coupling for the hub  16 ″ in the case of punch bodies not employing wedge members (such as wedge members  50 ). As alluded to above, in certain embodiments, the punch tip  16 ″ is configured to be secured with punch bodies employing wedge members for locking/releasing the punch tip hub  16   a . However, the threaded portion  16   f ′ enables the punch tip  16 ″ to be alternately secured with punch bodies not employing such wedge members. In such case, the punch body can have a male threaded portion which, when threaded into female threaded portion  16   f ″ of the hub  16   a ″, enables the punch tip  16 ″ to be secured with such punch body. As shown, the threaded portion  16   f ′ comprises a female threading defined within the hub  16   a ″; however, it should be appreciated that the hub  16   a ″ may alternately include a male threaded portion protruding from its hub  16   a ″ that can be coupled with a corresponding female threaded portion defined with the punch body. 
     Referring back to the punch tip  16 ′ of  FIGS. 2A and 2B , the punch body  14 ′ (shown in  FIG. 3A ) to which it corresponds has a narrowed central cavity  38 ′.  FIG. 3B  illustrates the punch tip  16 ′ being secured with such punch body  14 ′ in side cross-sectional view, according to certain embodiments of the invention. Also shown are ancillary components similar to those described above with regard to the punch body  14  and punch tip  16 , involving cam  34 ′ (embodied in  FIGS. 3D and 3E ), carrier body  36 ′ (embodied in  FIGS. 3F and 3G ), springs  42 ′,  44 ′, and  46 ′, pusher-retainer  48 ′, and wedge members  50 ′. To that end, such components have similar uses and functioning in securing and releasing the punch tip  16 ′ to the punch body  14 ′. This is perhaps best viewed from  FIG. 3C , showing an enlarged partial view of the ancillary components and their use in securing the punch tip  16 ′ to the punch body  14 ′. As described above, despite the elongated and narrowed configurations of the punch tip  16 ′ and punch body  14 ′, there is little corresponding constraint on the designs of the punch tip hub  16   a ′ and the wedge members  50 ′. 
     Similar to that already described with regard to the punch body  14 , the punch tip  16 , and the ancillary components used therewith, the cam  34 ′ is configured for rotation once positioned within the punch body aperture  30 ′ and the carrier body bore  40 ′. In certain embodiments, the cam&#39;s allowable range of rotation is dictated by the longitudinal extent of the channel  60 ′, as a ball  56 ′ (similar in structure and function to the ball  56  described above) retained within the channel  60 ′ prevents the cam&#39;s further rotation. In further certain embodiments, the channel  60 ′ is formed with one or more pockets  60   b ′ each serving as a rotatable locking position for the ball  56 ′, and the cam  34 ′ within the carrier body bore  40 ′. For example, in certain embodiments, the locking positions include a first position enabling the punch tip  16 ′ to be secured to the punch body  14 ′ (whereby protruding portion  54   aaa  is oriented toward the front end  36   a ′ of the carrier body  36 ′) and a second position enabling the punch tip  16 ′ to be released from (or inserted within) the punch body  14 ′ (whereby protruding portion  54   aaa  is oriented toward the rear end  36   b ′ of the carrier body  36 ′). With reference to  FIG. 3C , and as further described below, even though the punch body  14 ′ and punch tip  16  (as well as hub  16   a  thereof) are elongated, there is little corresponding effect in configuring the contact hub and wedge surfaces as already detailed above with respect to hub and wedge member surfaces  16   c  and  50   d ′ of punch tip  16  and wedge members  50 . 
     Similar to that described above for the carrier body  36  used with the punch body  14  and punch tip  16 , opposing movements of the carrier body  36 ′ (alternately triggered by the cam&#39;s rotation) serve as further triggers for alternatively securing or releasing the punch tip  16 ′ with respect to the punch body  14 ′. As described above, this further triggering involves the wedge members  50 ′. In certain embodiments, and with reference to  FIGS. 3B and 3C , a plurality of the wedge members  50 ′ is utilized with the carrier body  36 ′, with slots  36   d ′ therein to correspondingly accommodate the members  50 ′. In certain embodiments, there are at least two wedge members  50 ′, with each adapted to slide within one of the corresponding slots  36   d ′ of the carrier body  36 ′. In certain embodiments, as shown in  FIGS. 3F and 3G , the slots  36   d ′ are at the front end  36   a ′ of the carrier body  36 ′, and defined generally equidistant around the outer surface thereof.  FIGS. 3C, 3H, 3I, and 3J  are cross-sectional views of the punch body  14 ′, showing differing rotated positions of the cam  36 ′ and the corresponding effects on the carrier body  36 ′ and the wedge members  50 ′, according to certain embodiments of the invention. As further detailed below, with movement of the carrier body  36 ′ (via rotation of the cam  34 ′), the wedge members  50 ′ are moved in corresponding fashion with respect to the carrier body slots  36   d ′ and grooves  14   b ′ of the punch body  14 ′ (lying external to the slots  36   d ′). As should be appreciated, the securing and release processes with respect to the punch body  14 ′ and its ancillary components are similar to the corresponding processes already-described above with respect to the punch body  14  and its ancillary components. 
     For example, starting with  FIG. 3H , the punch body  14 ′ is shown without the punch tip  16 ′, with the cam  34 ′ being partially inserted in the punch body aperture  30 ′ and carrier body bore  40 ′. As described above, in certain embodiments, the punch body  14 ′ is configured to be operatively coupled with the cam  34 ′ via a ball-channel linkage. No such linkage is yet applicable as shown because the head portion  52 ′ of the cam  34 ′ is not yet fully within the punch body aperture  30 ′. Also, neither of the protruding portions  56   aaa ,  56   bbb  of cam segments  56   aa ,  56   bb  are visible. To that end, in certain embodiments, the carrier body bore  40 ′ is defined so as to only allow insertion of the cam  34 ′ therein if its protruding portions  56   aaa ,  56   bb  are oriented generally perpendicular with respect to the punch body front end  14   a ′. Consequently, there is no force from the cam  34 ′ being directed toward the carrier body  36 ′, and little corresponding force from the carrier body  36 ′ on the wedge members  50 ′. As such, the wedge members  50 ′, while accommodated by the carrier body slots  36   d ′, are free to slide into the central cavity  36   c ′ of the carrier body  36 ′ (as shown). 
     Regarding  FIG. 3I , again, the punch body  14 ′ is shown without the punch tip  16 ′; however, the cam  34 ′ is shown as being fully inserted in the punch body aperture  30 ′ and carrier body bore  40 ′. As such, in embodiments employing the above-described ball-channel linkage of the punch body  14 ′ and cam  34 ′, the ball  56 ′ (not visible as it is positioned rearward of the cam head portion  52 ′) is not only located in the channel  60 ′, but also in one of the pockets  60   b ′ for locking the cam  34 ′ in position. As shown, the spring  42 ′ is resiliently biasing the head portion  52 ′ of the cam  34 ′ so as to keep the ball in such pocket  60   b ′ and the cam  34 ′ at such rotated position. In particular, the illustrated position is for releasing/inserting the punch tip  16 ′ with respect to the punch body  14 ′. At such position, the protruding portion  54   aaa  of segment  54   aa  is oriented toward the rear end  36   b ′ of the carrier body  36 ′, which in turn forces the body  36 ′ inward of (i.e., deeper within) the punch body central cavity  38 ′. Such inward pulling of the carrier body  36 ′ in turn allows the wedge members  50 ′ to be pulled inward via their accommodation by the carrier body slots  36   d ′. As such, the wedge members  50 ′ are pulled adjacent to the grooves  14   b ′ of the punch body  14 ′. Such inward pull of the wedge members  50 ′ along with outward force of the pusher-retainer  48 ′ (via its spring  46 ′) results in the pusher-retainer  48 ′ contacting and forcing the members  50 ′ further out through the carrier body slots  36   d ′ and into the grooves  14   b′.    
     Looking to  FIG. 3J , the punch tip  16 ′ is shown as being partially inserted in the central cavity  38 ′ of the punch body  14 ′. Similar to what is shown in  FIG. 3H , the cam  34 ′ is fully inserted in the punch body aperture  30 ′ and carrier body bore  40 ′; however, its leading end  34   b ′ is shown extending outside the punch body aperture  30 ′. Thus, in embodiments employing the above-described ball-channel linkage of the punch body  14 ′ and cam  34 ′, the ball  56 ′ (again not visible as it is positioned rearward of the cam head portion  52 ′) is located in the channel  60 ′ and not in one of the pockets  60   b ′ for locking the cam  34 ′ in position. As shown, the cam  34 ′ is rotated such that neither of its protruding portions  54   aaa ,  54   bbb  are visible. In particular, the portions  54   aaa ,  54   bbb  are generally perpendicular with respect to the punch body front end  14   a ′, yet oriented 180 degrees from their orientations described with respect to  FIG. 3H . Consequently, in reference back to  FIG. 3J , the inward force applied to the carrier body  36 ′ is removed, resulting in the carrier body being urged outward (i.e., toward the front end  14   a ′ of the punch body  14 ′) via action of the spring  44 ′. Such outward urging of the carrier body  36 ′ in turn forces the wedge members  50 ′ to be pulled outward via their accommodation by the carrier body slots  36   d ′. In particular, the wedge members  50 ′ contact with the frontal side surfaces  64 ′ of the grooves  14   b ′ of the punch body  14 ′. Such outward pull of the wedge members  50 ′ (via the carrier body  36 ′) in combination with the slope of the frontal side surfaces  64 ′ of the grooves  14   b ′ results in the wedge members  50 ′ sliding along such surfaces  64 ′, back through the carrier body slots  36   d ′ and into the central cavity  36   c ′ of the carrier body  36 ′. 
     Finally, with reference to  FIG. 3C  (and  FIG. 3B ), the punch body  14 ′ is shown with the punch tip  16 ′ secured thereto. Employing the above-described ball-channel linkage of the punch body  14 ′ and cam  34 ′, and similar to that described with  FIG. 3I , the ball  56 ′ is located in another of the pockets  60   b ′ for locking the cam  34 ′ in position, with the spring  42 ′ biasing the head portion  52 ′ of the cam  34 ′ so as to keep the ball  56 ′ in such pocket  60   b ′ and the cam  34 ′ is such rotated position. In particular, the illustrated position is for securing the punch tip  16 ′ with respect to the punch body  14 ′. At such position, the protruding portion  54   aaa  of segment  54   aa  is oriented toward the front end  36   a ′ of the carrier body  36 ′, which in turn forces the body  36 ′ outward of (i.e., shallower within) the punch body central cavity  38 ′. 
     Continuing from that described above for  FIG. 3J , such outward pulling of the carrier body  36 ′ in turn forces the wedge members  50 ′ to be pulled further outward via their accommodation by the carrier body slots  36   d ′. Such further outward pull of the wedge members  50 ′ (via the carrier body  36 ′) in combination with the slope of the frontal side surfaces  64 ′ of the grooves  14   b ′ results in the wedge members  50 ′ continuing to slide along such surfaces  64 ′. In particular, such sliding action results in the wedge members  50 ′ further passing through the carrier body slots  36   d ′ so as to underlay coupling hub  16   a ′ of the punch tip  16 ′ for securing the tip  16 ′ to the punch body  14 ′. With further reference to  FIG. 3B , as the hub  16   a ′ of the punch tip  16 ′ is inserted into the punch body central cavity  38 ′ and in turn the carrier body central cavity  36   c ′, further inward motion is prevented upon the front surface  16   e ′ of the hub  16   a ′ contacting a lip  62 ′ protruding from the central cavity  36   c ′ of the carrier body  36 ′. As described, the lip  62 ′ can involve an insert ring  62 ′ or a plurality of protrusions extending inward with respect to the central cavity  36   c ′. In turn, the cam  34 ′ is rotated as described above, with the wedge members  50 ′ locking the hub  16   a ′ from its rear. 
     As described above, the contacting surfaces for the punch tip hub  14   a ′ and the wedge members  50 ′ can be configured similarly to those detailed above with respect to contacting surfaces  16   c  and  50   d ′ of punch tip hub  16   a  and wedge members  50 . To that end, reference can be made to  FIGS. 1I and 1J  and the corresponding description above with regard to the sides and contact surface of the wedge members  50 ′. For corresponding illustration regarding the punch body  14 ′ and punch tip  16 ′ for the above-referenced description, reference can be made to  FIG. 3C . Thus, even in cases of punch assemblies having a similar style to the punch assembly  10 , but accommodating different-sized punch bodies (such as the punch body  14 ′), the punch tip design embodied herein (with regard to characteristics of the punch tip  16 ) remains applicable. 
     Testing of the punch tip design was further expanded to other punch body styles, yet adapted to use the same punch tips  16  or  16 ′ as described above.  FIGS. 4A and 4B  illustrate one such punch body example, i.e., for a Trumpf or non-turret style punch assembly, according to certain embodiments of the invention. Looking to the exploded assembly view of  FIG. 4A , the punch body  14 ″ is configured for use with the punch tip  16 ′ of  FIGS. 2A and 2B . In certain embodiments, as shown in  FIGS. 4A and 4B , ancillary components (e.g., cam  34 ″, carrier body  36 ″, springs  42 ″,  44 ″, and  46 ″, pusher-retainer  48 ″, and wedge members  50 ″) similar to the ones detailed above with regard to  FIGS. 3A-3J  are used with the punch body  14 ″. Based on this, the corresponding punch tip  16 ′ (as shown in  FIGS. 4A and 4B ) is alternately secured and released with respect to such punch body  14 ″ following the same procedures described above with respect to  FIGS. 3C, 3H, 3I, and 3J , and using the same characteristics for the contacting surfaces of the punch tip hub  16   a ′ and the wedge surfaces  50   d ′. Thus, even in cases of punch assemblies utilizing different punch body styles than the punch bodies  14  or  14 ′ embodied herein, so long as the assemblies are configured similarly to one of the punch bodies  14  or  14 ′ (so as to utilize “like” ancillary components thereof), the punch tip design embodied herein (with regard to characteristics of the punch tips  16  and  16 ′) remains applicable. 
     Testing of the punch tip design was additionally expanded to other punch body configurations, yet adapted to use the same punch tips  16  or  16 ′ as described above.  FIGS. 5A and 5B  show a carrier body for one such punch body example, according to certain embodiments of the invention. Looking to  FIG. 5A , the carrier body  36 ′″ is shown with set-up for securing a punch tip according to certain embodiments of the invention, while  FIG. 5B  shows the carrier body  36 ′″ with set-up for releasing the punch tip according to certain embodiments of the invention. As illustrated, in certain embodiments, ancillary components used with the carrier body  36 ′″ include different variations of cam  34 ′″, spring  46 ′″ (shown in  FIG. 5B ), pusher-retainer  48 ″, and wedge members  50 ″. Distinct from the carrier bodies  36  and  36 ′ already described above, the carrier body  36 ′″ functions with wedge members  50 ″ that are rigidly coupled to the body  36 ′″. As shown, in certain embodiments, such rigid attachment involves an arm  70  extending between the carrier body  36 ′″ and each of the wedge members  50 ″. While the arms  70  provide a rigid positioning of the wedge members  50 ″ with respect to the carrier body  36 ′″, the arms  70  are also configured to project outward (as shown in  FIG. 5B ), particularly when the pusher-retainer  48 ′″ is released so as to contact the wedge members  50 ″. 
     In certain embodiments, as shown in  FIG. 5A , the pusher-retainer  48 ′″ is locked in an inward position with respect to the central cavity  36   c ′″ of the carrier body  36 ′″. In certain embodiments, movement of the pusher-retainer  48 ′″ is triggered via rotation of the cam  34 ′″. Starting with  FIG. 5B , the cam  34 ′″, when rotated in the bore  40 ′″ to a first position, triggers a release of the pusher-retainer  48 ′″. In turn, the pusher-retainer  48 ′″ is urged outward (i.e., away from the rear end  36   b ′″) of the carrier body  36 ′″ via action of the spring  44 ′″ positioned behind the pusher-retainer  48 ′″. Upon such outward movement, the pusher-retainer  48 ′″ contacts the wedge members  50 ″, causing them to project outward, e.g., generally in a perpendicular direction in relation to the longitudinal axis C of the carrier body  36 ′″. Such outward projection of the wedge members  50 ″ enables the hub portion of punch tip (e.g., hub  16   a ′ of punch tip  16 ′ of  FIGS. 2A and 2B ) to subsequently be inserted in the carrier body central cavity  36   c ′″ along axis C with contact being made with the pusher-retainer  48 ′″ in an inward direction with respect to the cavity  36   c ′″. Following the punch hub&#39;s insertion in the cavity  36   c ′″ (and the inward positioning of the pusher-retainer  48 ′″ within such cavity  36   c ′″), the wedge members  50 ″ project inward toward the central cavity  36   c ′″ in response (via the arms  70  springing back to their initial straightened orientation), thereby locking the punch tip hub  16   a ′ in place. In turn, the cam  34 ′″ is rotated in the bore  40 ′″ to a second position, triggering a locking of the pusher-retainer  48 ′″ against the resilient bias of the spring  44 ′″. 
     In certain embodiments, as shown in  FIGS. 5A and 5B , the wedge members  50 ″ involve a differently shaped contact surface  50   dd ″ with respect to corresponding surface  16   c ′ of the punch tip hub  16   a ′.  FIGS. 5C and 5D  show perspective and side views of one of the wedge members  50 ″, according to certain embodiments of the invention. As described above, the pusher-retainer  48 ′″ is configured to contact the wedge members  50 ″ when released so as to urge the wedge members  50 ″ in an outward direction with respect to the central cavity  36   c ′″. In light of this, the outward movement of the pusher-retainer  48 ′″ may be adversely affected by (i.e., may catch on) the corresponding surfaces  50   dd ″ if defined with edges. As such, in certain embodiments, the surface  50   dd ″ of the wedge members  50 ″ is curved so that the pusher-retainer  48 ′″ upon its contact with the wedge members  50 ″ can freely slide along such wedge member surfaces  50   dd ″. Such curved surface  50   dd ″ also functions in sufficiently retaining the hub surface  16   c ′ for securing the punch tip  16 ′ with the punch body  14 ′″. As described above, the punch tip hub  16   a ′ is configured to promote secure coupling even with slope angle difference (e.g., in the range from about 2° to about 15°) between the contacting surfaces of the punch tip hub  16   a ′ and the wedge member  50 ″. As such, the curved shape of the wedge member surfaces  50   dd ″ does not present an issue. Thus, even in cases of punch assemblies utilizing differing punch body configurations, so as to function with correspondingly different carrier bodies (such as the carrier body  36 ′″) than the carrier bodies  36  or  36 ′ embodied herein, the punch tip design embodied herein (with regard to characteristics of the punch tips  16  and  16 ′) remains applicable. 
     Testing of the punch tip design was also expanded to punch bodies utilizing certain modifications and/or variations with regard to the ancillary components already described herein. For example, ancillary components have been exemplified herein to be initially triggered with the use of an additional tool (such as an allen or torx wrench), so as to alternately secure or release the punch tips with regard to the punch bodies. However, other punch assemblies, via the use of differing sets of ancillary components, may not require use of such additional tools. 
       FIG. 6A  is a perspective view of a punch body  14 ″″, the punch tip  16 ′ of  FIGS. 2A and 2B , and the ancillary components of a further punch assembly, shown in exploded assembly view, according to certain embodiments of the invention. As shown, such punch body  14 ″″ includes a cam  72  for initially triggering other of the ancillary components for alternately securing or releasing the punch tip  16 ′ with regard to the punch body  14 ″″. For example, the other ancillary components for the punch body  14 ″″ include a plurality of balls  74 , a carrier body  36 ″″, a plurality of springs  44 ″″ and  46 ″″, a pusher-retainer  48 ″″, and a plurality of wedge members  50 ′ (similar to those described with reference to  FIGS. 3A-3J ). 
     As shown, in certain embodiments, the cam  72  includes two curved partial portions  72   a  and  72   b , which are configured to couple together to form a ring having varied segments of thickness about its circumference. The cam  72  is configured to sit within a corresponding channel  76  defined about the punch body&#39;s circumference. Similar to the cams  34  and  34 ′ described above, the cam  72 , in certain embodiments, is rotatable to differing locking positions, which correspond to positions for alternately securing or releasing the punch tip  16 ′ with regard to the punch body  14 ″″. However, unlike the cams  34  and  34 ′, the cam  72  is rotatable by hand (and without use of any additional tools).  FIGS. 6B-6D  show side cross-sectional partial views of the punch body  14 ″″ and the ancillary components, and how the components are situated in alternately securing or releasing the punch tip  16 ′. The cam  72  is configured to alternately seat first and second balls  74 ′ and  74 ″ in depressions  78  located on opposing surfaces of a stem  80  of the carrier body  36 ′″. As further detailed below, corresponding movement of the carrier body  36 ″″ is dependent on which of the first ball  74 ′ or the second ball  74 ″ (or whether any of the balls  74 ′,  74 ″) is seated. To that end, but for use of the cam  72  as the initial triggering means, the steps by which the punch tip  16 ′ is alternatively secured or released with regard to the punch body  14 ″″ (as further detailed below) involve variations of the steps already described herein with reference to  FIGS. 3B, 3H, 3I, and 3J . 
     Regarding  FIG. 6B , the punch body  14 ″″ is shown without the punch tip  16 ′. The cam  72  is coupled to the punch body  14 ″″, contacting each of the balls  74  with a differing thickness of the cam  72 . As shown, a greater thickness of the cam  72  contacts the first ball  74 ′ while a lesser thickness of the cam  72  contacts the second ball  74 ″. As shown, in certain embodiments, the depressions  78  in the carrier body stem  80  are defined at differing lengths from a first end  80   a  of the stem  80 . In certain embodiments, the depression  78  corresponding to the first ball  74 ′ is defined at a further distance from such stem end  80   a  then the depression  78  corresponding to the second ball  74 ″. Thus, when the first ball  74 ′ is seated, the carrier body  36 ″″ is urged inward (i.e., away from the punch body front end  14   a ″″), while when the second ball  74 ″ is seated, the carrier body  36 ″″ is urged outward (i.e., toward the punch body front end  14   a ″″). The position of the carrier body  36 ″″ shown in  FIG. 6B  is for releasing (or inserting) the punch tip  16 ′ with respect to the punch body  14 ″″. At such position, the first ball  74 ′ is locked within its corresponding depression  78 , which in turn forces the body  36 ″″ inward of (i.e., deeper within) the punch body central cavity  38 ″″. Such inward urging of the carrier body  36 ″″ in turn forces the wedge members  50 ′ to be pulled inward via their accommodation by slots  36   d ″″ of the carrier body  36 ″″. In particular, the wedge members  50 ′ are pulled adjacent to grooves  14   b ″″ of the punch body  14 ″″. Such inward pull of the wedge members  50 ′ along with outward force of the pusher-retainer  48 ″″ (via its spring  46 ″″) results in the pusher-retainer  48 ″″ contacting and forcing the members  50 ′ further out through the carrier body slots  36   d ″″ and into the grooves  14   b ′″. However, as further shown, the outward movement of the pusher-retainer  48 ″″ is limited via contact with a lip (e.g., insert ring  62 ″″) extending inward with respect to the central cavity  36   c ″″ of the carrier body  36 ″″. 
     Looking to  FIG. 6C , the cam  72  is rotated such that lesser thicknesses of the cam  72  are positioned adjacent to each of the first and second balls  74 ′ and  74 ″. As such, neither of the balls  74 ′,  74 ″ is seated in its corresponding depression  78  of the carrier body stem  80 . Continuing from  FIG. 6B , the spring  44 ″″ further urges the carrier body  36 ″″ in an outward direction with respect to the punch body  14 ″″ (i.e., toward the front end  14   a ″″ thereof). Such outward urging of the carrier body  36 ″″ in turn causes the wedge members  50 ′ to similarly be pulled outward via their accommodation by the carrier body slots  36   d ″″. In particular, the wedge members  50 ′ are moved against the frontal side surfaces  64 ″″ of the grooves  14   b ″″ of the punch body  14 ″″. The outward pull of the wedge members  50 ′ (via the carrier body  36 ″″) in combination with the slope of the frontal side surfaces  64 ″″ of the grooves  14   b ″″ results in the wedge members  50 ′ sliding along such surfaces  64 ″″, back through the carrier body slots  36   d ″″ and into the central cavity  36   c ″″ of the carrier body  36 ″″. However, the wedge members  50 ′ are prevented from sliding too far in light of contact being made with outer sides of the pusher-retainer  48 ″″. As further shown in  FIG. 6C , the punch tip  16 ′ is shown as starting to be inserted into the central cavity  38 ″″ of the punch body  14 ″″, and can be further inserted until the punch tip hub  16   a ′ passes by the wedge members  50 ′ and confronts the protruding lip of the carrier body  36 ″″. 
     Finally, with reference to  FIG. 6D , the punch body  14 ′″ is shown with the punch tip  16 ′″ secured thereto. Following insertion of the punch tip hub  16   a ′ within the punch body central cavity  38 ″″, the cam  72  is rotated in position so that a greater thickness of the cam  72  contacts the second ball  74 ″ while a lesser thickness of the cam  72  contacts the first ball  74 ′. At such position, the second ball  74 ″ is locked within its corresponding depression  78 . Continuing from that described above for  FIG. 6C , the locking of the second ball  74 ″ in turn locks the wedge members  50 ′ from being pulled further inside the punch body grooves  14   b ″″ due to their accommodation with the carrier body slots  36   d ″″ and their contact with sloped surfaces  64 ″″ of the punch body grooves  14   b″″.    
     As should be appreciated, the punch body design illustrated in  FIGS. 6A-6D  has little impact on the configuration of the contacting surfaces for the punch tip hub  14   a ″″ and the wedge members  50 ′. As such, these surfaces can be configured similarly to those detailed above with respect to contacting surfaces  16   c ′ and  50   d ′ of punch tip hub  16   a ′ and wedge members  50 ′. To that end, reference can again be made to  FIG. 1B  and the corresponding description above with regard to the configuration and contact surface of the punch tip hub  16   a ′. Further, reference can be made to  FIGS. 1I and 1J  and the corresponding description above with regard to the sides and contact surface  50   d ′ of the wedge members  50 ′. Further, the workable angle ranges and preferable angles described above (as being found favorable for the contacting surfaces  16   c  and  50   d ′ of the punch tip  16  and wedge members  50 ) can equally apply to the corresponding hub and wedge member surfaces  16   c ′ and  50   d ′ with regard to the punch tip  16 ′ and wedge members  50 ′, despite the narrowed and elongated shapes of the punch body  14 ′ and punch tip  16 ′. Thus, even in cases of punch assemblies having distinct mechanisms for triggering, the punch tip design embodied herein (with regard to characteristics of the punch tip  16 ) remains applicable. 
       FIGS. 7A and 7B  are perspective and side views of a further exemplary wedge member  50 ′″, according to certain embodiments of the invention. As described above with reference to  FIGS. 5A-5D , the surface of wedge members contacting the punch tip hub in punch assemblies can be curved. In certain embodiments, the wedge members used with punch bodies for securing/releasing the punch tip design embodied herein, can have entirely round outer side surfaces, such as exemplified with the wedge member  50 ′″. 
       FIG. 8  is a flowchart of steps for securing a punch tip to a punch body for a punch assembly, according to certain embodiments of the invention. It should be appreciated that the flowchart can relate to the punch bodies and punch tips illustrated in any of  FIGS. 1B, 3B, 4B, and 6B  herein. However, the flowchart steps are exemplarily described with reference to the punch body  14 , punch tip  16 , and ancillary components shown in  FIG. 1B . 
     Step  82  involves initially providing a punch body  14  and a plurality of ancillary components used therewith. Similar to that already detailed above, the punch body  14  has a sidewall  32  that defines a central cavity  38 , which extends along a longitudinal extent of the punch body  14 . The plurality of ancillary components includes a cam  34 , a carrier body  36 , and a plurality of wedge members  50 . The carrier body  36  is seated within the punch body central cavity  38 , with the cam  34  coupling the punch body  14  and the carrier body  36  via aligned aperture  30  and bore  40 . 
     Step  84  involves adjusting the cam  34  to a second position (corresponding to what is shown in  FIGS. 1L and 1LL ). The cam  34  in said second position corresponds to the carrier body  36  being lowered in position within the punch body central cavity  38  and each of the wedge members  50  being unlocked within the punch body central cavity  38 . The unlocked position of the wedge members  50  corresponds to an unlocking configuration of the punch body  14  with respect to a punch tip  16 . Step  86  involves adjoining a punch tip  16  to the punch body  14 . The punch tip  16  includes a hub  16   a  on one end thereof, with the hub  16   a  being inserted within the central cavity  38  of the punch body  14 . 
     Step  88  involves adjusting the cam to a first position (corresponding to what is shown in  FIG. 1B ) which corresponds with the carrier body  36  being raised in position within the punch body central cavity  38  and each of the wedge members  50  being locked within the punch body central cavity  38 . The locked position of the wedge members  50  corresponds to a locking configuration of the punch body  14  with respect to the punch tip hub  16   a.    
     In the foregoing detailed description, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments. However, it may be appreciated that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.