Patent Publication Number: US-2016221268-A1

Title: Stack forming apparatus and non-transitory computer readable medium storing stack forming program

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is based on and claims priority under 35 USC 119 from Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-020553 filed Feb. 4, 2015. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Technical Field 
     The present invention relates to a stack forming apparatus and a non-transitory computer readable medium storing a stack forming program. 
     SUMMARY 
     According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a stack forming apparatus including: 
     a molded article forming agent ejecting unit, that ejects a molded article forming agent for forming a three dimensional shaped product, onto a shaping stand; 
     a surface modification unit that modifies wettability of surfaces of the molded article forming agent; and 
     a control unit that controls the molded article forming agent ejecting section and the surface modification unit so that the three dimensional shaped product is formed by stacking the molded article forming agent through the repetition of ejection of the molded article forming agent and modification of the surface of the molded article forming agent. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the following figures, wherein: 
         FIG. 1  is a block diagram of a stack forming apparatus; 
         FIG. 2  is a side view of the stack forming apparatus; 
         FIG. 3  is a flowchart of a process that is executed by a controller; 
         FIG. 4A  is a plan view of a three dimensional shaped product, and  FIG. 4B  is a side view of the three dimensional shaped product; 
         FIG. 5  is a side view of the stack forming apparatus; 
         FIG. 6  is sectional view taken along line A-A in  FIG. 5 ; 
         FIG. 7  is a view that shows an ideal state of liquid droplets of an ejected molded article forming agent; 
         FIG. 8  is a view that shows a state in which liquid droplets of ejected molded article forming agent spread out; 
       (a) to (c) of  FIG. 9  are views that show steps of stack forming; 
       (a) to (c) of  FIG. 10  are views that show steps of stack forming in a case in which a water repellent material is not ejected; 
       (a) and (b) of  FIG. 11  are views that illustrate a region in which a water repellent material is ejected; 
       (a) and (b) of  FIG. 12  are views that illustrate a region in which a water repellent material is ejected; 
       (a) to (d) of  FIG. 13  are views that show steps of stack forming in a case in which an amount of drops of liquid droplets of a water repellent material is set to be less than an amount of droplets of liquid droplets of a molded article forming agent; and 
       (a) to (e) of  FIG. 14  are views that show steps of stack forming in a case in which a support material is ejected. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. 
       FIG. 1  shows a block diagram of a stack forming apparatus  10  according to the exemplary embodiment. As shown in  FIG. 1 , the stack forming apparatus  10  is configured to include a controller  12 . 
     The controller  12  has a configuration in which a CPU (Central Processing Unit)  12 A, a ROM (Read Only Memory)  12 B, a RAM (Read Only Memory)  12 C, a non-volatile memory  12 D, and an input/output interface (I/O)  12 E are respectively connected via a bus  12 F. 
     Each functional section of a molded article forming agent accommodation section  14 , a molded article forming agent ejecting head  16 , a water repellent material accommodation section  18 , a water repellent material ejecting head  20 , a surface modification head  21 , a UV light source  22 , an XY scanning section  24 , a shaping stand elevating section  26 , a cleaning section  28 , a storage section  30 , a communication section  32 , and the like, are connected to the I/O  12 E. 
     The molded article forming agent accommodation section  14  accommodates a molded article forming agent for forming a three dimensional shaped product. The molded article forming agent is configured by, for example, a UV curable type resin that has a property of being cured when irradiated with UV (Ultra Violet) light, that is, when irradiated with ultraviolet rays. 
     More specifically, for example, a molded article forming agent in which a monomer and a urethane oligomer 1 are polymerized using a polymerization initiator, is used as the molded article forming agent. For example, isobornyl acrylate and 2-hydroxy-3-phenoxy propyl acrylate are used as the monomer. In addition, for example, a substance in which 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate is reacted with hydroxyethyl acrylate, is used as the urethane oligomer 1. In addition, for example, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone is used as the polymerization initiator. The viscosity of a molded article forming agent that is configured by this kind of material is approximately 80 cp at room temperature, as an example, and the surface tension is approximately 34 dyn/cm, as an example. 
     The molded article forming agent ejecting head  16  ejects the molded article forming agent that is supplied from the molded article forming agent accommodation section  14  in accordance with instructions from the CPU  12 A. For example, an ink jet head is used as the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16 . Additionally, the amount of drops of molded article forming agent that are ejected from the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16  in a single ejection is, for example, approximately 100 pL. 
     The water repellent material accommodation section  18  accommodates a water repellent material for preventing the molded article forming agent from spreading. The water repellent material is configured by, for example, a UV curable type resin that has a property of being cured when irradiated with UV light in the same manner as the molded article forming agent. For example, a material that includes a fluorine compound or a silicone compound is used as the water repellent material. 
     More specifically, for example, a UV curable type resin in which a monomer and a urethane oligomer 1 are polymerized using a polymerization initiator, is used as the water repellent material. For example, isobornyl acrylate, 2-hydroxy-3-phenoxy propyl acrylate and octafluoropentyl acrylate are used as the monomer. Additionally, silaplane (manufactured by Chisso Corporation) FM-0711 may be used in place of octafluoropentyl acrylate. In addition, in the same manner as the molded article forming agent, for example, a substance in which 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate is reacted with hydroxyethyl acrylate, is used as the urethane oligomer 1. In addition, in the same manner as the molded article forming agent, for example, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone is used as the polymerization initiator. The viscosity of a water repellent material that is configured by this kind of material is approximately 65 cp at room temperature, as an example, and the surface tension is approximately 25 dyn/cm, as an example. 
     Additionally, it is preferable that the molded article forming agent and the water repellent material are not compatible with one another. In addition, it is preferable that the required amounts of exposure of UV light per unit volume in order to cure the molded article forming agent and the water repellent material are equivalent. 
     The water repellent material ejecting head  20  ejects the water repellent material that is supplied from the water repellent material accommodation section  18  in accordance with instructions from the CPU  12 A. For example, an ink jet head is used as the water repellent material ejecting head  20 . Additionally, the amount of drops of water repellent material that are ejected from the water repellent material ejecting head  20  in a single ejection is, for example, the same as the molded article forming agent, approximately 100 pL. 
     Additionally, detailed description will be given below, but in a case in which a desired three dimensional shaped product is an overhanging shape, that is, a shape in which an upper side protrudes out, the water repellent material may have a function as a support material for supporting the portion that protrudes out. 
     The surface modification head  21  modifies so that the wettability of the surfaces of the molded article forming agent and the water repellent material ejected onto a shaping stand, is improved. In the exemplary embodiment, the surface modification head  21  is a plasma irradiation head that emits plasma, as an example. By irradiating the surfaces of the molded article forming agent and the water repellent material, which are ejected onto the shaping stand, with plasma, the wettability of the surfaces of the molded article forming agent and the water repellent material ejected onto the shaping stand are improved in comparison with the wettability thereof prior to the irradiation of plasma. Additionally, the plasma irradiation time is approximately 3 seconds, as an example. In addition, in place of a plasma irradiation head that emits plasma, the surface modification head  21  may be set as a UV ozone irradiation head that emits UV ozone. 
     The UV light source  22  irradiates the molded article forming agent that is ejected from the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16 , and the water repellent material that is ejected from the water repellent material ejecting head  20  with UV light in a Z axis direction, thereby curing the molded article forming agent and the water repellent material. For example, a xenon lamp, an LED, a mercury lamp, a halogen lamp, a metal halide lamp, or the like is used as the UV light source  22 . Additionally, the output of the UV light is, for example, approximately 2000 mW/cm 2 , and the irradiation time is approximately 1 second. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , the surface modification head  21 , the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16 , the water repellent material ejecting head  20  and the UV light source  22  are attached in this order to a scanning shaft  24 A with which the XY scanning section  24  is provided. In a case in which the water repellent material does not also function as a support material, a support material ejecting head is further provided. Additionally, the order of the surface modification head  21 , the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16 , the water repellent material ejecting head  20  and the UV light source  22  is not limited to this. 
     The XY scanning section  24  drives the scanning shaft  24 A so that the surface modification head  21 , the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16 , the water repellent material ejecting head  20  and the UV light source  22  move in an X direction and a Y direction, that is, scan an XY plane in two dimensions. 
     The shaping stand elevating section  26  causes a shaping stand  34 , which is shown in  FIG. 2 , to ascend and descend in the Z axis direction. The CPU  12 A controls the water repellent material ejecting head  20 , the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16 , the UV light source  22  and the surface modification head  21  so that the ejection of the water repellent material, the ejection of the molded article forming agent, the irradiation of the ejected molded article forming agent and water repellent material with UV light, and the modification of the surfaces of the molded article forming agent and the water repellent material that are cured by the irradiation of the UV light are repeated when a three dimensional shaped product is prepared. In addition, the CPU  12 A controls the XY scanning section  24  so that the surface modification head  21 , the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16 , the water repellent material ejecting head  20  and the UV light source  22  scan the XY plane, and controls the shaping stand elevating section  26  so that the shaping stand  34  gradually descends in the Z axis direction. 
     Additionally, the CPU  12 A controls the shaping stand elevating section  26  so that the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16 , the water repellent material ejecting head  20 , the surface modification head  21  and the UV light source  22  and the three dimensional shaped product do not come into contact with one another on the shaping stand  34 , and so that a distance on the shaping stand  34  in the Z axis direction from the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16 , the water repellent material ejecting head  20 , the surface modification head  21  and the UV light source  22  to the three dimensional shaped product is greater than or equal to a predetermined distance when the three dimensional shaped product is formed. 
     The cleaning section  28  has a function of cleaning by suctioning material that is attached to the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16 , the water repellent material ejecting head  20 , the surface modification head  21  and the UV light source  22 , and the like. For example, the cleaning section  28  is provided in a retreat region outside a scanning range of the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16 , the water repellent material ejecting head  20 , the surface modification head  21  and the UV light source  22 , and executes cleaning after the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16 , the water repellent material ejecting head  20 , the surface modification head  21  and the UV light source  22  retreat to the retreat region when cleaning is executed. 
     The storage section  30  stores a stack forming program  30 A which will be described below, molded article forming agent data  30 B, and water repellent material data  30 C. Additionally, the molded article forming agent data  30 B is data that represents a region (coordinates) in which the molded article forming agent should be ejected, and the water repellent material data  30 C is data that represents a region (coordinates) in which the water repellent material should be ejected. Additionally, in the exemplary embodiment, the region in which the water repellent material should be ejected is a region other than a region in which the molded article forming agent should be ejected. 
     The CPU  12 A reads and executes the stack forming program  30 A that is stored in the storage section  30 . In addition, the stack forming program  30 A may be stored on a recording medium such as a CD-ROM, and may be executed by being read by a CD-ROM drive or the like. 
     The communication section  32  is an interface for performing data communication with an external device that outputs the molded article forming agent data  30 B of the three dimensional shaped product. 
     The CPU  12 A manufactures a three dimensional shaped product by executing the stack forming program  30 A in accordance with the molded article forming agent data  30 B that is transmitted from the external device, and the water repellent material data  30 C that is created based on the molded article forming agent data  30 B. 
     Next, the actions of the exemplary embodiment will be described.  FIG. 3  shows a flowchart of the stack forming program  30 A that is executed by the CPU  12 A. Additionally, the process that is shown in  FIG. 3  is executed when manufacture of the three dimensional shaped product is instructed from the external device. 
     In addition, in the exemplary embodiment, as an example, a case in which a three dimensional shaped product  40  shown in  FIGS. 4A and 4B  is manufactured, will be described.  FIG. 4A  is a plan view of the three dimensional shaped product  40 , and  FIG. 4B  is a side view of the three dimensional shaped product  40 . As shown in  FIG. 4B , the three dimensional shaped product  40  has a shape in which the shapes of both end sides extend in a diagonally upward direction from the bottom when viewed from a side surface, that is, an overhanging shape. 
     In Step S 100 , the molded article forming agent data  30 B of the three dimensional shaped product  40  is received from the external device, and stored in the storage section  30 . For example, STL (Standard Triangulated Language) format, which is a data format that expresses a three dimensional shape, is used as the format of the molded article forming agent data  30 B of the three dimensional shaped product  40 , but the format is not limited to this. 
     In Step S 102 , the water repellent material data  30 C is created in accordance with the molded article forming agent data  30 B that is received in Step S 100 . In the exemplary embodiment, the region in which the water repellent material should be ejected is a region other than a region in which the molded article forming agent should be ejected, and therefore, the water repellent material data  30 C is created as data that represents a region other than the region in which the molded article forming agent should be ejected. In this manner, in order to create the water repellent material data  30 C for ejecting the water repellent material automatically, it is not necessary for a user to perform an input operation such as indicating a region for ejecting the water repellent material. Additionally, the water repellent material data  30 C that is prepared in advance may be received from an external device and stored in the storage section  30  without the water repellant material data  30 C being created automatically. 
     In Step S 104 , slice data, in which the three dimensional shaped product that is formed by the molded article forming agent and the water repellent material is sliced at the XY plane in the Z axis direction, that is, in a direction of stack, is created based on the molded article forming agent data  30 B and the water repellant material data  30 C. As a result of this, multiple items of slice data, in which the three dimensional shaped product  40  is sliced at the XY plane are created in the direction of stack. For example, as shown in  FIG. 5 , slice data of a sectional surface A-A of the three dimensional shaped product molded article forming agent that is formed by a molded article forming agent  40 A and a water repellent material  41  is shown in  FIG. 6 . As shown in  FIG. 6 , the water repellent material  41  is ejected in regions  42  and  44 , and the molded article forming agent  40 A is ejected in a region  48 . Additionally, as shown in  FIG. 2 , the water repellent material  41  that is ejected onto the region  42  in which a lower section is open space functions as a support material. 
     In Step S 106 , a surface modification process is executed. That is, the XY scanning section  24  is controlled so that the surface modification head  21  scans the XY plane, and the surface modification head  21  is controlled so that plasma is emitted from the surface modification head  21 . Initially, since neither the molded article forming agent  40 A nor the water repellent material  41  is ejected, the surface of the shaping stand  34  is modified. 
     In Step S 108 , a water repellent layer forming process is executed. That is, the XY scanning section  24  is controlled so that the water repellent material ejecting head  20  scans the XY plane, and the water repellent material ejecting head  20  is controlled so that the water repellent material  41  is ejected in accordance with the slice data created in Step S 104 . 
     In Step S 110 , a formation layer forming process is executed. That is, the XY scanning section  24  is controlled so that the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16  scans the XY plane, and the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16  is controlled so that the molded article forming agent  40 A is ejected in accordance with the slice data created in Step S 104 . As shown in  FIG. 7 , for example, in the ejected molded article forming agent  40 A, a circumstance in which each liquid droplet does not spread is ideal. However, as shown in  FIG. 8 , the ejected molded article forming agent  40 A spreads if only the molded article forming agent  40 A is ejected, and mixes with molded article forming agent  40 A that is ejected in the vicinity thereof. In contrast to this, in the exemplary embodiment, since the molded article forming agent  40 A is ejected after forming a water repellent layer by ejecting the water repellent material  41  in a region other than a region in which the molded article forming agent  40 A is ejected, a circumstance in which the ejected molded article forming agent  40 A spreads and mixes with molded article forming agent  40 A that is ejected in the vicinity thereof, is suppressed. 
     In Step S 112 , a UV light irradiation process is executed. That is, the XY scanning section  24  is controlled so that the UV light source  22  scans the XY plane, and the UV light source  22  is controlled so that UV light is emitted from the UV light source  22 . As a result of this, the water repellent layer that is formed in Step S 108  and the formation layer that is formed in Step S 110  are cured. 
     In Step S 114 , the shaping stand elevating section  26  is controlled so that the shaping stand  34  descends by an amount of one layer in the Z axis direction. 
     In Step S 116 , it is determined whether or not the formation is complete, and the process moves to S 118  if the formation is not complete and the present routine is completed if the formation is complete. 
     In Step S 118 , it is determined whether or not it is a timing to execute cleaning of the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16  and the water repellent material ejecting head  20 . Further, in a case in which it is a timing to execute cleaning, the process moves to Step S 120 . Meanwhile, in a case in which it is not timing to execute cleaning, the process moves to Step S 106 , and a forming process of the next layer continues. 
     For example, each time a predetermined period of time elapses, each time a predetermined amount of at least either one of the molded article forming agent  40 A or the water repellent material  41  is consumed, or the like may be included as examples of a timing to execute cleaning, but the timing is not limited to these. 
     In a case in which each time a predetermined period of time elapses is set as the timing to execute cleaning, for example, it is preferable that the period of time is changed to various periods of time, a state of blockages of the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16  and the water repellent material ejecting head  20  are measured, and the timing is set as the longest period of time during which blockages do not occur. The shorter the period of time is, the more a number of cleans increases, and therefore, an amount of time until the forming process is complete becomes longer. As a result of this, unnecessary cleaning is suppressed. 
     In Step S 120 , the XY scanning section  24  is instructed so that the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16  and the water repellent material ejecting head  20  move to the retreat region, and the cleaning section  28  is instructed so that cleaning of the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16  and the water repellent material ejecting head  20  is executed. As a result of this, the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16  and the water repellent material ejecting head  20  move to the retreat region, and the cleaning section  28  cleans the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16  and the water repellent material ejecting head  20 . Additionally, in a case in which each time a predetermined amount of at least either one of the molded article forming agent  40 A or the water repellent material  41  is consumed is set as the timing to execute cleaning, it may be configured so that only a head that ejects the material of which the predetermined amount has been consumed, is cleaned. 
     Additionally, after the completion of the forming process of  FIG. 3 , the water repellent material  41  is removed by a technique such as peeling away mechanically, peeling away due to heating, peeling away due to dissolving or the like. The water repellent material  41  may be peeled off easily since the strength thereof after curing by through the irradiation of UV light is weak in comparison with the molded article forming agent  40 A. 
     In this manner, in the exemplary embodiment, the three dimensional shaped product is prepared through the stack of the molded article forming agent  40 A and the water repellent material  41  by repeating surface modification, water repellent layer formation, formation layer formation and UV irradiation. 
     (a) to (c) of  FIG. 9  show a summary of steps of stack forming. As shown in (a) to (c) of  FIG. 9 , firstly, in a first layer, the surface of the shaping stand  34  is modified as a result of a plasma  50  being emitted by the surface modification head  21 . Thereafter, the water repellent material  41  is ejected onto the shaping stand  34  by the water repellent material ejecting head  20 . Subsequently, the molded article forming agent  40 A is ejected onto the shaping stand  34  by the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16 . In this manner, since the water repellent layer is formed before the formation layer is formed, a circumstance in which adjacent ejected molded article forming agent  40 A mixes together as a result of the molded article forming agent  40 A spreading, the molded article forming agent  40 A spreads further, and therefore, a resolution is decreased, is suppressed. Subsequently, UV light is emitted by the UV light source  22 , and the molded article forming agent  40 A and the water repellent material  41  are cured. Additionally, in (a) to (c) of  FIG. 9 , curing due to the irradiation of the UV light is omitted. 
     As shown in (a) to (c) of  FIG. 9 , in a second layer, the wettability of a surface  52  of the molded article forming agent  40 A and the water repellent material of the first layer is improved as a result of the molded article forming agent  40 A and the water repellent material  41  of the first layer being irradiated with the plasma  50  by the surface modification head  21 . Thereafter, in the same manner as that of the first layer, the water repellent material  41  and the molded article forming agent  40 A are ejected, and the water repellent layer and the formation layer are formed. After repeating this until an n th  layer, the three dimensional shaped product is prepared by removing the water repellent material  41 . 
     For example, in a case in which the water repellent material  41  and the molded article forming agent  40 A of the second layer are ejected without performing surface modification after ejecting the water repellent material  41  and the molded article forming agent  40 A of the first layer, the water repellent material  41  and the molded article forming agent  40 A of the second layer are repelled by the water repellency of the water repellent material  41  of the first layer, and there are cases in which it is not possible to form the water repellent layer and the formation layer of the second layer, but in the exemplary embodiment, since surface modification is performed after the formation of each layer, a circumstance in which the adhesiveness of each layer decreases, is suppressed. Accordingly, it is also possible to prepare an overhanging shape. 
     Additionally, in a case in which a material in which spreading is difficult, is used, the water repellent material ejecting head  20  may be omitted, and the formation of the water repellent layer may be omitted. In this case, as shown in (a) to (c) of  FIG. 10 , after the formation layer of the first layer is formed by ejecting the molded article forming agent  40 A using the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16 , the surface of the formation layer of the first layer is modified by emitting the plasma  50  using the surface modification head  21 , and the formation layer of the first layer is cured by emitting UV light using the UV light source  22 . Additionally, in (a) to (c) of  FIG. 10 , curing due to the irradiation of the UV light is omitted. Subsequently, the formation layer of the second layer is formed in the same manner as the first layer. 
     Even in a case in which only the formation layer is formed, since the adhesiveness between each formation layer is week and is likely to peel away after curing through the irradiation of UV light, a circumstance in which the adhesiveness between each formation layer decreases and is likely to peel away, is suppressed by executing surface modification between each formation layer. 
     In addition, in the exemplary embodiment, a case in which the water repellent material  41  also functions as a support material, and the water repellent material  41  is ejected in all regions other than a region in which the molded article forming agent  40 A is ejected, is described. For example, as shown in (a) and (b) of  FIG. 11 , in a case in which a planar shape of a layer is the shape of the letter T, after ejecting the water repellent material  41  in all regions other than the shape of the T, the molded article forming agent  40 A is ejected in the region of the shape of the T. 
     In this manner, the water repellant material may be ejected only in regions that are adjacent to regions in which the molded article forming agent  40 A is ejected rather than ejecting the water repellent material  41  in all regions other than a region in which the molded article forming agent  40 A is ejected. For example, as shown in (a) and (b) of  FIG. 12 , in a case in which a planar shape of a layer is the shape of the letter T, the water repellent material  41  is only ejected in regions that are adjacent to the shape of the T. In this case, the water repellent material  41  may remain without change, or may be peeled off. 
     In addition, in the exemplary embodiment, a case in which the amount of drops of the water repellent material  41  that are ejected from the water repellent material ejecting head  20  is substantially the same as the amount of drops of the molded article forming agent  40 A that are ejected from the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16 , is described, but as shown in (a) to (d) of  FIG. 13 , the amount of drops of the water repellent material  41  that are ejected from the water repellent material ejecting head  20  may be less than the amount of drops of the molded article forming agent  40 A that are ejected from the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16 . In this case, for example, the amount of drops of the water repellent material  41  that are ejected from the water repellent material ejecting head  20  is approximately 0 pL, and the amount of drops of the molded article forming agent  40 A that are ejected from the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16  is approximately 100 pL. In this case, the water repellent material  41  is saved. In addition, when measured by the present inventors, the width of the finest line that is resolvable when drawing a striped pattern in which a ratio of lines and spaces is 1:1, that is, the width of the finest line in which the spaces between lines are recognizable, is approximately 250 μm. Meanwhile, in a case in which the amounts of drops of the water repellent material  41  and the molded article forming agent  40 A are the same, the width of the finest line that is resolvable is approximately 500 μm. 
     In addition, in the exemplary embodiment, in a case in which the water repellent material  41  also functions as a support material is described, but as shown in (a) to (d) of  FIG. 13 , a configuration in which a support material ejecting head  56 , which ejects a support material  54 , may also be used. In this case, as shown in (a) to (d) of  FIG. 13 , each layer is formed by repeating surface modification using the surface modification head  21 , ejection of the water repellent material  41  using the water repellent material ejecting head  20 , ejection of the molded article forming agent  40 A using the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16 , ejection of the support material  54  using the support material ejecting head  56 , and irradiation of UV light  58  using the UV light source  22 . 
     Additionally, for example, a substance in which a monomer, multiple kinds of polypropylene glycol (PPG) with different number average molecular weights (Mn) and phenothiazine are polymerized using a polymerization initiator, is used as the support material  54 . For example, N-hydroxy acrylamide is used as the monomer. In addition, for example, a PPG with an Mn of approximately 400 and a PPG with an Mn of approximately 1000 are used as the multiple kinds of PPG. In addition, for example, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone is used as the polymerization initiator. For example, this kind of support material may be dissolved and removed through immersion in water for a few hours after the completion of the formation of the three dimensional shaped product. 
     In addition, solid ink may be used as the molded article forming agent  40 A and the water repellent material  41 . In this case, for example, a heating dispenser is used as the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16  and the water repellent material ejecting head  20 . Additionally, if heated in advance, an ink jet head may be used. In addition, since the solid ink cures quickly, the UV light source  22  is omitted. In addition, for example, a substance in which octadecanol and viscosity-imparting material are mixed, is used as the molded article forming agent  40 A. The viscosity of the molded article forming agent  40 A in this case is approximately 11 cp at 80° C., as an example, and the surface tension thereof is approximately 35 dyn/cm, as an example. In addition, for example, a substance in which octadecanol, a viscosity-imparting material and a fluorine based surfactant are mixed, is used as the water repellent material  41 . The viscosity of the water repellent material  41  in this case is approximately 11 cp at 80° C., as an example, and the surface tension thereof is approximately 24 dyn/cm, as an example. Additionally, in a case in which the water repellent material  41  also functions as the support material, for example, lauryl alcohol is used in place of octadecanol. The viscosity of the water repellent material  41  in this case is approximately 8 cp at 80° C., as an example, and the surface tension thereof is approximately 24 dyn/cm, as an example. 
     In addition, in the exemplary embodiment, a case in which the surface modification head  21 , the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16 , the water repellent material ejecting head  20  and the UV light source  22  move in the X direction and the Y direction, that is, scan the XY plane in two dimensions, is described, but a longitudinal configuration in which the surface modification head  21 , the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16 , the water repellent material ejecting head  20  and the UV light source  22  are greater than or equal to the length of a formation surface, and configurations in which the surface modification head  21 , the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16 , the water repellent material ejecting head  20  and the UV light source  22  scan in either the X direction or the Y direction may also be used. 
     In addition, in the exemplary embodiment, in a case in which the shaping stand  34  gradually descends in the Z axis direction while the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16  and the like scan the XY plane, is described, but the shaping stand  34  may be fixed, and while the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16  and the like may gradually rise while scanning over the XY plane. In addition, both the molded article forming agent ejecting head  16  and the like and the shaping stand  34  may move in the Z axis direction so as to become separated from one another. 
     Additionally, the configuration of the stack forming apparatus  10  that is described in the exemplary embodiment is an example (refer to  FIG. 1 ), and naturally, unnecessary portions may be eliminated and new portions may be added within a range that does not depart from the scope of the present invention. 
     The foregoing description of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention has been provided for the purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations will be apparent to practitioners skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical applications, thereby enabling others skilled in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments and with the various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the following claims and their equivalents.