Patent Publication Number: US-2018049799-A1

Title: Bipolar forceps

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This Application is a continuation of prior application Ser. No. 15/242,696, filed Aug. 22, 2016. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present disclosure relates to a medical device, and, more particularly, to a surgical instrument. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     A variety of complete surgical procedures and portions of surgical procedures may be performed with bipolar forceps, e.g., bipolar forceps are commonly used in dermatological, gynecological, cardiac, plastic, ocular, spinal, maxillofacial, orthopedic, urological, and general surgical procedures. Bipolar forceps are also used in neurosurgical procedures; however, the use of bipolar forceps in neurosurgical procedures presents unique risks to patients if the surgeon is unable to both visually and tactilely confirm that an electrosurgical procedure is being performed as intended. Accordingly, there is a need for a bipolar forceps that allows a surgeon to both visually and tactilely confirm that an electrosurgical procedure is being performed as intended. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present disclosure presents a bipolar forceps. Illustratively, a bipolar forceps may comprise a first forceps arm having a first forceps arm aperture, a first forceps jaw, and a first forceps arm conductor tip; a second forceps arm having a first forceps arm aperture, a second forceps jaw, and a second forceps arm conductor tip; and an input conductor isolation mechanism having a first forceps arm housing and a second forceps arm housing. In one or more embodiments, the first forceps arm may be disposed in the first forceps arm housing and the second forceps arm may be disposed in the second forceps arm housing. Illustratively, an application of a force to a lateral portion of the forceps arms may be configured to close the forceps jaws. In one or more embodiments, a reduction of a force applied to a lateral portion of the forceps arms may be configured to open the forceps jaws. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The above and further advantages of the present invention may be better understood by referring to the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which like reference numerals indicate identical or functionally similar elements: 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram illustrating a side view of a forceps arm; 
         FIG. 2  is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded view of a bipolar forceps assembly; 
         FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, and 3E  are schematic diagrams illustrating a gradual closing of a bipolar forceps; 
         FIGS. 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D, and 4E  are schematic diagrams illustrating a gradual opening of a bipolar forceps; 
         FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C  are schematic diagrams illustrating a uniform compression of a vessel. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENT 
       FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram illustrating a side view of a forceps arm  100 . Illustratively, a forceps arm  100  may comprise an input conductor housing  103 , a forceps arm aperture  105 , a conductor tip  110 , a forceps arm superior incline angle  120 , a forceps arm inferior decline angle  125 , a forceps arm superior decline angle  130 , a forceps arm inferior incline angle  135 , a socket interface  140 , a forceps arm grip  150 , a forceps jaw  160 , and a forceps jaw taper interface  170 . In one or more embodiments, forceps arm  100  may be may be manufactured from any suitable material, e.g., polymers, metals, metal alloys, etc., or from any combination of suitable materials. Illustratively, forceps arm  100  may be manufactured from an electrically conductive material, e.g., metal, graphite, conductive polymers, etc. In one or more embodiments, forceps arm  100  may be manufactured from an electrically conductive metal, e.g., silver, copper, gold, aluminum, etc. Illustratively, forceps arm  100  may be manufactured from an electrically conductive metal alloy, e.g., a silver alloy, a copper alloy, a gold alloy, an aluminum alloy, stainless steel, etc. 
     In one or more embodiments, forceps arm  100  may be manufactured from a material having an electrical conductivity in a range of 30.0×10 6  to 40.0×10 6  Siemens per meter at a temperature of 20.0° C., e.g., forceps arm  100  may be manufactured from a material having an electrical conductivity of 35.5×10 6  Siemens per meter at a temperature of 20.0° C. Illustratively, forceps arm  100  may be manufactured from a material having an electrical conductivity of less than 30.0×10 6  Siemens per meter or greater than 40.0×10 6  Siemens per meter at a temperature of 20.0° C. In one or more embodiments, forceps arm  100  may be manufactured from a material having a thermal conductivity in a range of 180.0 to 250.0 Watts per meter Kelvin at a temperature of 20.0° C., e.g., forceps arm  100  may be manufactured from a material having a thermal conductivity of 204.0 Watts per meter Kelvin at a temperature of 20.0° C. Illustratively, forceps arm  100  may be manufactured from a material having a thermal conductivity of less than 180.0 Watts per meter Kelvin or greater than 250.0 Watts per meter Kelvin at a temperature of 20.0° C. In one or more embodiments, forceps arm  100  may be manufactured from a material having an electrical conductivity in a range of 30.0×10 6  to 40.0×10 6  Siemens per meter and a thermal conductivity in a range of 180.0 to 250.0 Watts per meter Kelvin at a temperature of 20.0° C., e.g., forceps arm  100  may be manufactured from a material having an electrical conductivity of 35.5×10 6  Siemens per meter and a thermal conductivity of 204.0 Watts per meter Kelvin at a temperature of 20.0° C. 
     Illustratively, forceps arm  100  may have a density in a range of 0.025 to 0.045 pounds per cubic inch, e.g., forceps arm  100  may have a density of 0.036 pounds per cubic inch. In one or more embodiments, forceps arm  100  may have a density less than 0.025 pounds per cubic inch or greater than 0.045 pounds per cubic inch. For example, forceps arm  100  may have a density of 0.0975 pounds per cubic inch. Illustratively, forceps arm  100  may have a mass in a range of 0.01 to 0.025 pounds, e.g., forceps arm  100  may have a mass of 0.017 pounds. In one or more embodiments, forceps arm  100  may have a mass less than 0.01 pounds or greater than 0.025 pounds. Illustratively, forceps arm  100  may have a volume in a range of 0.12 to 0.23 cubic inches, e.g., forceps arm  100  may have a volume of 0.177 cubic inches. In one or more embodiments, forceps arm  100  may have a volume less than 0.12 cubic inches or greater than 0.23 cubic inches. Illustratively, forceps arm aperture  105  may be configured to reduce a stiffness of forceps arm  100 . In one or more embodiments, forceps arm aperture  105  may be configured to increase a flexibility of forceps arm  100 . 
     Illustratively, forceps arm aperture  105  may be configured to reduce a mass of forceps arm  100 . In one or more embodiments, forceps arm aperture  105  may be configured to reduce a mass of forceps arm  100  by an avoided mass in a range of 0.005 to 0.012 pounds, e.g., forceps arm aperture  105  may be configured to reduce a mass of forceps arm  100  by an avoided mass of 0.00975 pounds. Illustratively, forceps arm aperture  105  may be configured to reduce a mass of forceps arm  100  by an avoided mass less than 0.005 pounds or greater than 0.012 pounds. In one or more embodiments, forceps arm aperture  105  may have an aperture area in a range of 0.3 to 0.65 square inches, e.g., forceps arm aperture  105  may have an aperture area of 0.485 square inches. Illustratively, forceps arm aperture  105  may have an aperture area less than 0.3 square inches or greater than 0.65 square inches. In one or more embodiments, forceps arm aperture  105  may have an aperture perimeter length in a range of 4.0 to 7.0 inches, e.g., forceps arm aperture  105  may have an aperture perimeter length of 5.43 inches. Illustratively, forceps arm aperture  105  may have an aperture perimeter length less than 4.0 inches or greater than 7.0 inches. 
     In one or more embodiments, forceps arm aperture  105  may be configured to decrease a thermal conductivity of forceps arm grip  150 . Illustratively, forceps arm aperture  105  may be configured to decrease an electrical conductivity of forceps arm grip  150 . In one or more embodiments, forceps arm aperture  105  may be configured to decrease a thermal conductivity and to decrease an electrical conductivity of forceps arm grip  150 . Illustratively, forceps arm aperture  105  may be configured to reduce a probability that forceps arm grip  150  may reach a temperature of 48.89° C. during a surgical procedure. In one or more embodiments, forceps arm aperture  105  may be configured to reduce a probability that forceps arm grip  150  may reach a temperature of 48.89° C. during a surgical procedure, e.g., by decreasing a thermal conductivity of forceps arm grip  150 . Illustratively, forceps arm aperture  105  may be configured to reduce a probability that forceps arm grip  150  may reach a temperature of 48.89° C. during a surgical procedure, e.g., by decreasing an electrical conductivity of forceps arm grip  150 . In one or more embodiments, forceps arm aperture  105  may be configured to reduce a probability that forceps arm grip  150  may reach a temperature of 48.89° C. during a surgical procedure, e.g., by decreasing a thermal conductivity and an electrical conductivity of forceps arm grip  150 . 
     Illustratively, forceps arm  100  may have a surface area in a range of 4.5 to 7.5 square inches, e.g., forceps arm  100  may have a surface area of 6.045 square inches. In one or more embodiments, forceps arm  100  may have a surface area less than 4.5 square inches or greater than 7.5 square inches. Illustratively, conductor tip  110  may have a surface area in a range of 0.02 to 0.05 square inches, e.g., conductor tip  110  may have a surface area of 0.035 square inches. In one or more embodiments, conductor tip  110  may have a surface area less than 0.02 square inches or greater than 0.05 square inches. Illustratively, a ratio of forceps arm  100  surface area to conductor tip  110  surface area may be in a range of 150.0 to 225.0, e.g., a ratio of forceps arm  100  surface area to conductor tip  110  surface area may be 172.7. In one or more embodiments, a ratio of forceps arm  100  surface area to conductor tip  110  surface area may be less than 150.0 or greater than 225.0. 
     Illustratively, conductor tip  110  may be configured to prevent tissue from sticking to conductor tip  110 . In one or more embodiments, conductor tip  110  may comprise a evenly polished material configured to prevent tissue sticking. Illustratively, conductor tip  110  may have a length in a range of 0.22 to 0.3 inches, e.g., conductor tip  110  may have a length of 0.26 inches. In one or more embodiments, conductor tip  110  may have a length less than 0.22 inches or greater than 0.3 inches. Illustratively, conductor tip  110  may have a width in a range of 0.03 to 0.05 inches, e.g., conductor tip  110  may have a width of 0.04 inches. In one or more embodiments, conductor tip  110  may have a width less than 0.03 inches or greater than 0.05 inches. Illustratively, a geometry of forceps jaw  160  may comprise a tapered portion, e.g., a tapered portion from forceps jaw taper interface  170  to forceps arm distal end  101 . In one or more embodiments, forceps jaw  160  may comprise a tapered portion having a tapered angle in a range of 3.0 to 4.5 degrees, e.g., forceps jaw  160  may comprise a tapered portion having a tapered angle of 3.72 degrees. Illustratively, forceps jaw  160  may comprise a tapered portion having a tapered angle of less than 3.0 degrees or greater than 4.5 degrees. 
     Illustratively, forceps arm  100  may comprise a material having a modulus of elasticity in a range of 9.0×10 6  to 11.0×10 6  pounds per square inch, e.g., forceps arm  100  may comprise a material having a modulus of elasticity of 10.0×10 6  pounds per square inch. In one or more embodiments, forceps arm  100  may comprise a material having a modulus of elasticity less than 9.0×10 6  pounds per square inch or greater than 11.0×10 6  pounds per square inch. Illustratively, forceps arm  100  may comprise a material having a shear modulus in a range of 3.5×10 6  to 4.5×10 6  pounds per square inch, e.g., forceps arm  100  may comprise a material having a shear modulus of 3.77×10 6  pounds per square inch. In one or more embodiments, forceps arm  100  may comprise a material having a shear modulus less than 3.5×10 6  pounds per square inch or greater than 4.5×10 6  pounds per square inch. 
     Illustratively, forceps arm superior incline angle  120  may comprise any angle greater than 90.0 degrees. In one or more embodiments, forceps arm superior incline angle  120  may comprise any angle in a range of 150.0 to 170.0 degrees, e.g., forceps arm superior incline angle  120  may comprise a 160.31 degree angle. Illustratively, forceps arm superior incline angle  120  may comprise an angle less than 150.0 degrees or greater than 170.0 degrees. In one or more embodiments, forceps arm inferior decline angle  125  may comprise any angle greater than 90.0 degrees. Illustratively, forceps arm inferior decline angle  125  may comprise any angle in a range of 140.0 to 160.0 degrees, e.g., forceps arm inferior decline angle  125  may comprise a 149.56 degree angle. In one or more embodiments, forceps arm inferior decline angle  125  may comprise an angle less than 140.0 degrees or greater than 160.0 degrees. Illustratively, forceps arm inferior decline angle  125  may comprise any angle less than forceps arm superior incline angle  120 , e.g., forceps arm inferior decline angle  125  may comprise an angle in a range of 5.0 to 15.0 degrees less than forceps arm superior incline angle  120 . In one or more embodiments, forceps arm inferior decline angle  125  may comprise an angle less than 5.0 degrees or greater than 15.0 degrees less than forceps arm superior incline angle  120 . 
     Illustratively, forceps arm superior decline angle  130  may comprise any angle less than 90.0 degrees. In one or more embodiments, forceps arm superior decline angle  130  may comprise any angle in a range of 5.0 to 15.0 degrees, e.g., forceps arm superior decline angle  130  may comprise an 11.3 degree angle. Illustratively, forceps arm superior decline angle  130  may comprise an angle less than 5.0 degrees or greater than 15.0 degrees. In one or more embodiments, forceps arm inferior incline angle  135  may comprise any angle less than 90.0 degrees. Illustratively, forceps arm inferior incline angle  135  may comprise any angle in a range of 15.0 to 30.0 degrees, e.g., forceps arm inferior incline angle  135  may comprise a 23.08 degree angle. In one or more embodiments, forceps arm inferior incline angle  135  may comprise an angle less than 15.0 degrees or greater than 30.0 degrees. Illustratively, forceps arm inferior incline angle  135  may comprise any angle greater than forceps arm superior decline angle  130 , e.g., forceps arm inferior incline angle  135  may comprise an angle in a range of 5.0 to 15.0 degrees greater than forceps arm superior decline angle  130 . In one or more embodiments, forceps arm inferior incline angle  135  may comprise an angle less than 5.0 degrees or greater than 15.0 degrees greater than forceps arm superior decline angle  130 . 
       FIG. 2  is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded view of a bipolar forceps assembly  200 . In one or more embodiments, a bipolar forceps assembly  200  may comprise a pair of forceps arms  100 , an input conductor isolation mechanism  210 , a bipolar cord  220 , a bipolar cord separation control  230 , and an electrosurgical generator adaptor  240 . Illustratively, a portion of each forceps arm  100  may be coated with a material having a high electrical resistivity, e.g., a portion of each forceps arm  100  may be coated with an electrical insulator material. In one or more embodiments, input conductor housings  103  and conductor tips  110  may not be coated with a material, e.g., input conductor housings  103  and conductor tips  110  may comprise electrical leads. Illustratively, a portion of each forceps arm  100  may be coated with a thermoplastic material, e.g., a portion of each forceps arm  100  may be coated with nylon. In one or more embodiments, a portion of each forceps arm  100  may be coated with a fluoropolymer, e.g., a portion of each forceps arm  100  may be coated with polyvinylidene fluoride. Illustratively, a portion of each forceps arm  100  may be coated with a material having an electrical conductivity less than 1.0×10 −8  Siemens per meter at a temperature of 20.0° C., e.g., a portion of each forceps arm  100  may be coated with a material having an electrical conductivity of 1.0×10 −12  Siemens per meter at a temperature of 20.0° C. In one or more embodiments, a portion of each forceps arm  100  may be coated with a material having a thermal conductivity of less than 1.0 Watts per meter Kelvin at a temperature of 20.0° C., e.g., a portion of each forceps arm  100  may be coated with a material having a thermal conductivity of 0.25 Watts per meter Kelvin at a temperature of 20.0° C. Illustratively, a portion of each forceps arm  100  may be coated with a material having an electrical conductivity of less than 1.0×10 −8  Siemens per meter and a thermal conductivity of less than 1.0 Watts per meter Kelvin at a temperature of 20.0° C., e.g., a portion of each forceps arm  100  may be coated with a material having an electrical conductivity of 1.0×10 −12  Siemens per meter and a thermal conductivity of 0.25 Watts per meter Kelvin at a temperature of 20.0° C. In one or more embodiments, a portion of each forceps arm  100  may be coated with a material wherein a coating thickness of the material is in a range of 0.005 to 0.008 inches, e.g., a portion of each forceps arm  100  may be coated with a material wherein a coating thickness of the material is 0.0065 inches. Illustratively, a portion of each forceps arm  100  may be coated with a material wherein a coating thickness of the material is less than 0.005 inches or greater than 0.008 inches. In one or more embodiments, a portion of each forceps arm  100  may be coated with a material having an electrical conductivity of less than 1.0×10 −8  Siemens per meter and a thermal conductivity of less than 1.0 Watts per meter Kelvin at a temperature of 20.0° C. wherein a coating thickness of the material is in a range of 0.005 to 0.008 inches, e.g., a portion of each forceps arm  100  may be coated with a material having an electrical conductivity of 1.0×10 −12  Siemens per meter and a thermal conductivity of 0.25 Watts per meter Kelvin at a temperature of 20.0° C. wherein a coating thickness of the material is 0.0065 inches. Illustratively, a portion of each forceps arm  100  may be coated with a material having a material mass in a range of 0.0015 to 0.0025 pounds, e.g., a portion of each forceps arm  100  may be coated with a material having a material mass of 0.0021 pounds. In one or more embodiments, a portion of each forceps arm  100  may be coated with a material having a material mass less than 0.0015 pounds or greater than 0.0025 pounds. 
     Illustratively, input conductor isolation mechanism  210  may comprise a first forceps arm housing  215  and a second forceps arm housing  215 . In one or more embodiments, input conductor isolation mechanism  210  may be configured to separate a first bipolar input conductor and a second bipolar input conductor, e.g., input conductor isolation mechanism  210  comprise a material with an electrical resistivity greater than 1×10 16  ohm meters. Illustratively, input conductor isolation mechanism  210  may comprise a material with an electrical resistivity less than or equal to 1×10 16  ohm meters. In one or more embodiments, input conductor isolation mechanism  210  may comprise an interface between bipolar cord  220  and forceps arms  100 . Illustratively, a first bipolar input conductor and a second bipolar input conductor may be disposed within bipolar cord  220 , e.g., bipolar cord  220  may be configured to separate the first bipolar input conductor and the second bipolar input conductor. In one or more embodiments, a first bipolar input conductor may be electrically connected to first forceps arm  100 , e.g., the first bipolar input conductor may be disposed within input conductor housing  103 . Illustratively, a second bipolar input conductor may be electrically connected to second forceps arm  100 , e.g., the second bipolar input conductor may be disposed within input conductor housing  103 . In one or more embodiments, a portion of first forceps arm  100  may be disposed within first forceps arm housing  215 , e.g., first forceps arm proximal end  102  may be disposed within first forceps arm housing  215 . Illustratively, first forceps arm  100  may be fixed within first forceps arm housing  215 , e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. In one or more embodiments, a first bipolar input conductor may be disposed within first forceps arm housing  215 , e.g., the first bipolar input conductor may be electrically connected to first forceps arm  100 . Illustratively, a first bipolar input conductor may be fixed within first forceps arm housing  215  wherein the first bipolar input conductor is electrically connected to first forceps arm  100 . In one or more embodiments, a portion of second forceps arm  100  may be disposed within second forceps arm housing  215 , e.g., second forceps arm proximal end  102  may be disposed within second forceps arm housing  215 . Illustratively, second forceps arm  100  may be fixed within second forceps arm housing  215 , e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. In one or more embodiments, a second bipolar input conductor may be disposed within second forceps arm housing  215 , e.g., the second bipolar input conductor may be electrically connected to second forceps arm  100 . Illustratively, a second bipolar input conductor may be fixed within second forceps arm housing  215  wherein the second bipolar input conductor is electrically connected to second forceps arm  100 . 
     In one or more embodiments, electrosurgical generator adaptor  240  may comprise a first electrosurgical generator interface  245  and a second electrosurgical generator interface  245 . Illustratively, first electrosurgical generator interface  245  and second electrosurgical generator interface  245  may be configured to connect to an electrosurgical generator. In one or more embodiments, connecting first electrosurgical generator interface  245  and second electrosurgical generator interface  245  to an electrosurgical generator may be configured to electrically connect a first bipolar input conductor to a first electrosurgical generator output and to electrically connect a second bipolar input conductor to a second electrosurgical generator output. Illustratively, connecting a first bipolar input conductor to a first electrosurgical generator output may be configured to electrically connect first forceps arm  100  to the first electrosurgical generator output. In one or more embodiments, connecting a second bipolar input conductor to a second electrosurgical generator output may be configured to electrically connect second forceps arm  100  to the second electrosurgical generator output. 
     Illustratively, forceps arms  100  may be fixed within forceps arm housings  215  wherein forceps arm proximal ends  102  are fixed within input conductor isolation mechanism  210  and forceps arm distal ends  101  are separated by a maximum conductor tip  110  separation distance. In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may decrease a distance between first forceps arm distal end  101  and second forceps arm distal end  101 , e.g., by applying a force to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100 . Illustratively, a surgeon may decrease a distance between first forceps arm distal end  101  and second forceps arm distal end  101 , e.g., until first forceps arm distal end  101  contacts second forceps arm distal end  101 . In one or more embodiments, a contact between first forceps arm distal end  101  and second forceps arm distal end  101  may be configured to electrically connect conductor tips  110 . Illustratively, an electrical connection of conductor tips  110  may be configured to close an electrical circuit. In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may increase a distance between first forceps arm distal end  101  and second forceps arm distal end  101 , e.g., by reducing a force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100 . Illustratively, increasing a distance between first forceps arm distal end  101  and second forceps arm distal end  101  may be configured to separate conductor tips  110 . In one or more embodiments, a separation of conductor tips  110  may be configured to open an electrical circuit. 
       FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, and 3E  are schematic diagrams illustrating a gradual closing of a bipolar forceps.  FIG. 3A  illustrates forceps jaws in an open orientation  300 . Illustratively, forceps jaws  160  may comprise forceps jaws in an open orientation  300 , e.g., when forceps arm distal ends  101  are separated by a maximum conductor tip  110  separation distance. In one or more embodiments, forceps arm distal ends  101  may be separated by a distance in a range of 0.5 to 0.7 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in an open orientation  300 , e.g., forceps arm distal ends  101  may be separated by a distance of 0.625 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in an open orientation  300 . Illustratively, forceps arm distal ends  101  may be separated by a distance less than 0.5 inches or greater than 0.7 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in an open orientation  300 . In one or more embodiments, forceps jaws  160  may comprise forceps jaws in an open orientation  300 , e.g., when no force is applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100 . 
       FIG. 3B  illustrates forceps jaws in a partially closed orientation  310 . Illustratively, an application of a force to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually close forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in an open orientation  300  to forceps jaws in a partially closed orientation  310 . In one or more embodiments, an application of a force to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to decrease a distance between first forceps arm distal end  101  and second forceps arm distal end  101 . Illustratively, an application of a force having a magnitude in a range of 0.05 to 0.3 pounds to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to decrease a distance between first forceps arm distal end  101  and second forceps arm distal end  101 , e.g., an application of a force having a magnitude of 0.2 pounds to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to decrease a distance between first forceps arm distal end  101  and second forceps arm distal end  101 . In one or more embodiments, an application of a force having a magnitude less than 0.05 pounds or greater than 0.3 pounds to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to decrease a distance between first forceps arm distal end  101  and second forceps arm distal end  101 . Illustratively, a decrease of a distance between first forceps arm distal end  101  and second forceps arm distal end  101  may be configured to decrease a distance between conductor tips  110 . In one or more embodiments, an application of a force having a magnitude in a range of 0.05 to 0.3 pounds to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually close forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in an open orientation  300  to forceps jaws in a partially closed orientation  310 . Illustratively, an application of a force having a magnitude less than 0.05 pounds or greater than 0.3 pounds to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually close forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in an open orientation  300  to forceps jaws in a partially closed orientation  310 . In one or more embodiments, an amount of force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  configured to close forceps jaws  160  to forceps jaws in a partially closed orientation  310  and a total mass of a bipolar forceps may have a force applied to total mass ratio in a range of 1.36 to 8.19, e.g., an amount of force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  configured to close forceps jaws  160  to forceps jaws in a partially closed orientation  310  and a total mass of a bipolar forceps may have a force applied to total mass ratio of 5.46. Illustratively, an amount of force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  configured to close forceps jaws  160  to forceps jaws in a partially closed orientation  310  and a total mass of a bipolar forceps may have a force applied to total mass ratio less than 1.36 or greater than 8.19. 
     In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may dispose a tissue between a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and a second forceps arm conductor tip  110 , e.g., a surgeon may dispose a tumor tissue between a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and a second forceps arm conductor tip  110 . Illustratively, disposing a tissue between a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and a second forceps arm conductor tip  110  may be configured to electrically connect the first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and the second forceps arm conductor tip  110 , e.g., the tissue may electrically connect the first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and the second forceps arm conductor tip  110 . In one or more embodiments, electrically connecting a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and a second forceps arm conductor tip  110  may be configured to apply an electrical current to a tissue. Illustratively, applying an electrical current to a tissue may be configured to coagulate the tissue, cauterize the tissue, ablate the tissue, etc. In one or more embodiments, electrically connecting a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and a second forceps arm conductor tip  110  may be configured to seal a vessel, induce hemostasis, etc. 
       FIG. 3C  illustrates forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320 . Illustratively, an application of a force to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually close forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in a partially closed orientation  310  to forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320 . In one or more embodiments, an application of a force to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to decrease a distance between first forceps arm distal end  101  and second forceps arm distal end  101 . Illustratively, a decrease of a distance between first forceps arm distal end  101  and second forceps arm distal end  101  may be configured to cause first forceps arm distal end  101  to contact second forceps arm distal end  101 . In one or more embodiments, an application of a force having a magnitude in a range of 0.35 to 0.7 pounds to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to cause first forceps arm distal end  101  to contact second forceps arm distal end  101 , e.g., an application of a force having a magnitude of 0.5 pounds to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to cause first forceps arm distal end  101  to contact second forceps arm distal end  101 . Illustratively, an application of a force having a magnitude less than 0.35 pounds or greater than 0.7 pounds to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to cause first forceps arm distal end  101  to contact second forceps arm distal end  101 . In one or more embodiment, an application of a force having a magnitude in a range of 0.35 to 0.7 pounds to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually close forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in a partially closed orientation  310  to forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320 . Illustratively, an application of a force having a magnitude less than 0.35 pounds or greater than 0.7 pounds to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually close forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in a partially closed orientation  310  to forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320 . In one or more embodiments, an amount of force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  configured to close forceps jaws  160  to forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320  and a total mass of a bipolar forceps may have a force applied to total mass ratio in a range of 9.56 to 19.11, e.g., an amount of force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  configured to close forceps jaws  160  to forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320  and a total mass of a bipolar forceps may have a force applied to total mass ratio of 13.65. Illustratively, an amount of force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  configured to close forceps jaws  160  to forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320  and a total mass of a bipolar forceps may have a force applied to total mass ratio less than 9.56 or greater than 19.11. 
     In one or more embodiments, forceps jaws  160  may comprise forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320 , e.g., when first forceps arm distal end  101  contacts second forceps arm distal end  101  and no other portion of first forceps arm  100  contacts second forceps arm  100 . Illustratively, forceps jaws  160  may comprise forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320 , e.g., when a distal end of a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  contacts a distal end of a second forceps arm conductor tip  110  and no other portion of first forceps arm  100  contacts second forceps arm  100 . In one or more embodiments, first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and second forceps arm conductor tip  110  may have a contact area in a range of 0.0005 to 0.002 square inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320 , e.g., first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and second forceps arm conductor tip  110  may have a contact area of 0.0016 square inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320 . Illustratively, first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and second forceps arm conductor tip  110  may have a contact area of less than 0.0005 square inches or greater than 0.002 square inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320 . In one or more embodiments, a proximal end of a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps arm conductor tip  110 , e.g., when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320 . Illustratively, a proximal end of a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps arm conductor tip  110  by a distance in a range of 0.005 to 0.015 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320 , e.g., a proximal end of a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps arm conductor tip  110  by a distance of 0.01 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320 . In one or more embodiments, a proximal end of a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps arm conductor tip  110  by a distance less than 0.005 inches or greater than 0.015 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320 . 
     Illustratively, forceps jaws  160  may comprise forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320 , e.g., when a distal end of a first forceps jaw  160  contacts a distal end of a second forceps jaw  160  and no other portion of first forceps arm  100  contacts second forceps arm  100 . In one or more embodiments, a proximal end of a first forceps jaw  160  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps jaw  160  by a first separation distance  350 , e.g., when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320 . Illustratively, a proximal end of a first forceps jaw  160  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps jaw  160  by a first separation distance  350  in a range of 0.05 to 0.15 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320 , e.g., a proximal end of a first forceps jaw  160  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps jaw  160  by a first separation distance  350  of 0.1 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320 . In one or more embodiments, a proximal end of a first forceps jaw  160  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps jaw  160  by a first separation distance  350  less than 0.05 inches or greater than 0.15 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320 . 
     Illustratively, forceps jaws  160  may comprise forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320 , e.g., when a distal end of a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  contacts a distal end of a second forceps arm conductor tip  110 . In one or more embodiments, a contact between a distal end of a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and a distal end of a second forceps arm conductor tip  110  may be configured to electrically connect the first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and the second forceps arm conductor tip  110 . Illustratively, forceps jaws  160  may comprise forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320 , e.g., when a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  is electrically connected to a second forceps arm conductor tip  110 . In one or more embodiments, an electrical connection of a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and a second forceps arm conductor tip  110  may be configured to cause an electrical current to flow from the first forceps arm conductor tip  110  into the second forceps arm conductor tip  110 . Illustratively, an electrical connection of a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and a second forceps arm conductor tip  110  may be configured to cause an electrical current to flow from the second forceps arm conductor tip  110  into the first forceps arm conductor tip  110 . In one or more embodiments, electrically connecting a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and a second forceps arm conductor tip  110  may be configured to increase a temperature of forceps arm distal ends  101 , e.g., a surgeon may contact a tissue with forceps arm distal ends  101  to cauterize the tissue, coagulate the tissue, etc. 
       FIG. 3D  illustrates forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330 . Illustratively, an application of a force to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually close forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320  to forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330 . In one or more embodiments, an application of a force to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to decrease a distance between a proximal end of first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and a proximal end of second forceps arm conductor tip  110 . Illustratively, an application of a force to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to flex forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320 , e.g., an application of a force to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually increase a contact area between first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and second forceps arm conductor tip  110 . In one or more embodiments, an application of a force having a magnitude in a range of 0.8 to 1.4 pounds to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually increase a contact area between first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and second forceps arm conductor tip  110 , e.g., an application of a force having a magnitude of 1.1 pounds to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually increase a contact area between first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and second forceps arm conductor tip  110 . Illustratively, an application of a force having a magnitude less than 0.8 pounds or greater than 1.4 pounds to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually increase a contact area between first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and second forceps arm conductor tip  110 . In one or more embodiments, an application of a force having a magnitude in a range of 0.8 to 1.4 pounds to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually close forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320  to forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330 . Illustratively, an application of a force having a magnitude less than 0.8 pounds or greater than 1.4 pounds to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually close forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in a first closed orientation  320  to forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330 . In one or more embodiments, an amount of force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  configured to close forceps jaws  160  to forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330  and a total mass of a bipolar forceps may have a force applied to total mass ratio in a range of 21.84 to 38.22, e.g., an amount of force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  configured to close forceps jaws  160  to forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330  and a total mass of a bipolar forceps may have a force applied to total mass ratio of 30.03. Illustratively, an amount of force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  configured to close forceps jaws  160  to forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330  and a total mass of a bipolar forceps may have a force applied to total mass ratio less than 21.84 or greater than 38.22. 
     In one or more embodiments, first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and second forceps arm conductor tip  110  may have a contact area in a range of 0.001 to 0.005 square inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330 , e.g., first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and second forceps arm conductor tip  110  may have a contact area of 0.0025 square inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330 . Illustratively, first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and second forceps arm conductor tip  110  may have a contact area less than 0.001 square inches or greater than 0.005 square inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330 . In one or more embodiments, a proximal end of a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps arm conductor tip  110 , e.g., when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330 . Illustratively, a proximal end of a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps arm conductor tip  110  by a distance in a range of 0.001 to 0.0049 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330 , e.g., a proximal end of a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps arm conductor tip  110  by a distance of 0.0025 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330 . In one or more embodiments, a proximal end of a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps arm conductor tip  110  by a distance less than 0.001 inches or greater than 0.0049 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330 . 
     Illustratively, forceps jaws  160  may comprise forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330 , e.g., when a distal end of a first forceps jaw  160  contacts a distal end of a second forceps jaw  160 . In one or more embodiments, a proximal end of a first forceps jaw  160  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps jaw  160  by a second separation distance  360 , e.g., when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330 . Illustratively, a proximal end of a first forceps jaw  160  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps jaw  160  by a second separation distance  360  in a range of 0.01 to 0.049 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330 , e.g., a proximal end of a first forceps jaw  160  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps jaw  160  by a second separation distance  360  of 0.03 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330 . In one or more embodiments, a proximal end of a first forceps jaw  160  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps jaw  160  by a second separation distance  360  less than 0.01 inches or greater than 0.049 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330 . 
     Illustratively, forceps jaws  160  may comprise forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330 , e.g., when a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  contacts a second forceps arm conductor tip  110 . In one or more embodiments, a contact between a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and a second forceps arm conductor tip  110  may be configured to electrically connect the first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and the second forceps arm conductor tip  110 . Illustratively, forceps jaws  160  may comprise forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330 , e.g., when a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  is electrically connected to a second forceps arm conductor tip  110 . In one or more embodiments, an electrical connection of a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and a second forceps arm conductor tip  110  may be configured to cause an electrical current to flow from the first forceps arm conductor tip  110  into the second forceps arm conductor tip  110 . Illustratively, an electrical connection of a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and a second forceps arm conductor tip  110  may be configured to cause an electrical current to flow from the second forceps arm conductor tip  110  into the first forceps arm conductor tip  110 . In one or more embodiments, electrically connecting a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and a second forceps arm conductor tip  110  may be configured to increase a temperature of forceps arm conductor tips  110 , e.g., a surgeon may contact a tissue with forceps arm conductor tips  110  to cauterize the tissue, coagulate the tissue, etc. 
       FIG. 3E  illustrates forceps jaws in a fully closed orientation  340 . Illustratively, an application of a force to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually close forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330  to forceps jaws in a fully closed orientation  340 . In one or more embodiments, an application of a force to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to decrease a distance between a proximal end of first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and a proximal end of second forceps arm conductor tip  110 . Illustratively, an application of a force to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually increase a contact area between first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and second forceps arm conductor tip  110  until a proximal end of first forceps arm conductor tip  110  contacts a proximal end of second forceps arm conductor tip  110 . In one or more embodiments, a proximal end of first forceps arm conductor tip  110  may contact a proximal end of second forceps arm conductor tip  110 , e.g., when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a fully closed orientation  340 . Illustratively, first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and second forceps arm conductor tip  110  may have a maximum contact area, e.g., when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a fully closed orientation  340 . In one or more embodiments, first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and second forceps arm conductor tip  110  may have a contact area in a range of 0.01 to 0.015 square inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a fully closed orientation  340 , e.g., first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and second forceps arm conductor tip  110  may have a contact area of 0.0125 square inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a fully closed orientation  340 . Illustratively, first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and second forceps arm conductor tip  110  may have a contact area less than 0.01 square inches or greater than 0.015 square inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a fully closed orientation  340 . 
     In one or more embodiments, an application of a force to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually increase a contact area between first forceps jaw  160  and second forceps jaw  160 . Illustratively, an application of a force to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually increase a contract area between first forceps jaw  160  and second forceps jaw  160 . In one or more embodiments, an application of a force to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually increase a contact area between first forceps jaw  160  and second forceps jaw  160  until a proximal end of first forceps jaw  160  contacts a proximal end of second forceps jaw  160 . Illustratively, a proximal end of first forceps jaw  160  may contact a proximal end of second forceps jaw  160 , e.g., when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a fully closed orientation  340 . In one or more embodiments, first forceps jaw  160  and second forceps jaw  160  may have a maximum contact area, e.g., when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a fully closed orientation  340 . Illustratively, an application of a force having a magnitude in a range of 1.5 to 3.3 pounds to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually close forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330  to forceps jaws in a fully closed orientation  340 , e.g., an application of a force having a magnitude of 2.5 pounds to a lateral portion of forceps arms may be configured to gradually close forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330  to forceps jaws in a fully closed orientation  340 . In one or more embodiments, an application of a force having a magnitude less than 1.5 pounds or greater than 3.3 pounds to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually close forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in a second closed orientation  330  to forceps jaws in a fully closed orientation  340 . Illustratively, an amount of force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  configured to close forceps jaws  160  to forceps jaws in a fully closed orientation  340  and a total mass of a bipolar forceps may have a force applied to total mass ratio in a range of 40.95 to 90.10, e.g., an amount of force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  configured to close forceps jaws  160  to forceps jaws in a fully closed orientation  340  and a total mass of a bipolar forceps may have a force applied to total mass ratio of 68.26. In one or more embodiments, an amount of force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  configured to close forceps jaws  160  to forceps jaws in a fully closed orientation  340  and a total mass of a bipolar forceps may have a force applied to total mass ratio less than 40.95 or greater than 90.10. 
       FIGS. 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D, and 4E  are schematic diagrams illustrating a gradual opening of a bipolar forceps.  FIG. 4A  illustrates forceps jaws in a closed orientation  400 . Illustratively, forceps jaws  160  may comprise forceps jaws in a closed orientation  400 , e.g., when a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  contacts a second forceps arm conductor tip  110 . In one or more embodiments, forceps jaws  160  may comprise forceps jaws in a closed orientation  400 , e.g., when a distal end of a first forceps arm conductor tip  110  contacts a distal end of a second forceps arm conductor tip  110  and a proximal end of the first forceps arm conductor tip  110  contacts a proximal end of the second forceps arm conductor tip  110 . Illustratively, forceps jaws  160  may comprise forceps jaws in a closed orientation  400 , e.g., when a first forceps jaw  160  contacts a second forceps jaw  160 . In one or more embodiments, forceps jaws  160  may comprise forceps jaws in a closed orientation  400 , e.g., when a distal end of a first forceps jaw  160  contacts a distal end of a second forceps jaw  160  and a proximal end of the first forceps jaw  160  contacts a proximal end of the second forceps jaw  160 . Illustratively, forceps jaws  160  may comprise forceps jaws in a closed orientation  400  when a force having a magnitude greater than 1.5 pounds is applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100 , e.g., forceps jaws  160  may comprise forceps jaws in a closed orientation  400  when a force having a magnitude of 2.5 pounds is applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100 . In one or more embodiments, forceps jaws  160  may comprise forceps jaws in a closed orientation  400  when a force less than or equal to 1.5 pounds is applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100 . 
       FIG. 4B  illustrates forceps jaws in a first partially closed orientation  410 . Illustratively, a reduction of a force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually open forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in a closed orientation  400  to forceps jaws in a first partially closed orientation  410 . In one or more embodiments, a reduction of a force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to separate proximal ends of forceps jaws  160 . Illustratively, a reduction of a force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to increase a distance between a proximal end of first forceps jaw  160  and a proximal end of second forceps jaw  160 . In one or more embodiments, a proximal end of a first forceps jaw  160  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps jaw  160  by a first partially closed separation distance  460 , e.g., when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a first partially closed orientation  410 . Illustratively, a proximal end of a first forceps jaw  160  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps jaw  160  by a first partially closed separation distance  460  in a range of 0.01 to 0.049 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a first partially closed orientation  410 , e.g., a proximal end of a first forceps jaw  160  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps jaw  160  by a first partially closed separation distance  460  of 0.03 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a first partially closed orientation  410 . In one or more embodiments, a proximal end of a first forceps jaw  160  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps jaw  160  by a first partially closed separation distance  460  less than 0.01 inches or greater than 0.049 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a first partially closed orientation  410 . Illustratively, a reduction of a force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to separate proximal ends of forceps arm conductor tips  110 . In one or more embodiments, a reduction of a force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to increase a separation distance between a proximal end of first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and a proximal end of second forceps arm conductor tip  110 . Illustratively, a reduction of a force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to reduce a contact area between first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and second forceps arm conductor tip  110 . In one or more embodiments, a reduction of a force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to spread a tissue, dissect a tissue, etc. Illustratively, a surgeon may insert forceps arm distal ends  101  into a tissue, e.g., when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a closed orientation  400 . In one or more embodiments, the surgeon may reduce a force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  and gradually open forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in a closed orientation  400  to forceps jaws in a first partially closed orientation  410 . Illustratively, gradually opening forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in a closed orientation  400  to forceps jaws in a first partially closed orientation  410  may be configured to spread the tissue, dissect the tissue, etc. 
       FIG. 4C  illustrates forceps jaws in a second partially closed orientation  420 . Illustratively, a reduction of a force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually open forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in a first partially closed orientation  410  to forceps jaws in a second partially closed orientation  420 . In one or more embodiments, a reduction of a force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to separate proximal ends of forceps jaws  160 . Illustratively, a reduction of a force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to increase a distance between a proximal end of first forceps jaw  160  and a proximal end of second forceps jaw  160 . In one or more embodiments, a proximal end of a first forceps jaw  160  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps jaw  160  by a second partially closed separation distance  450 , e.g., when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a second partially closed orientation  420 . Illustratively, a proximal end of a first forceps jaw  160  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps jaw  160  by a second partially closed separation distance  450  in a range of 0.05 to 0.15 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a second partially closed orientation  420 , e.g., a proximal end of a first forceps jaw  160  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps jaw  160  by a second partially closed separation distance  450  of 0.1 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a second partially closed orientation  420 . In one or more embodiments, a proximal end of a first forceps jaw  160  may be separated from a proximal end of a second forceps jaw  160  by a second partially closed separation distance  450  less than 0.05 inches or greater than 0.15 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a second partially closed orientation  420 . Illustratively, a reduction of a force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to separate proximal ends of forceps arm conductor tips  110 . In one or more embodiments, a reduction of a force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to increase a separation distance between a proximal end of first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and a proximal end of second forceps arm conductor tip  110 . Illustratively, a reduction of a force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to reduce a contact area between first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and second forceps arm conductor tip  110 . In one or more embodiments, a reduction of a force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to spread a tissue, dissect a tissue, etc. Illustratively, a surgeon may insert forceps arm distal ends  101  into a tissue, e.g., when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a first partially closed orientation  410 . In one or more embodiments, the surgeon may reduce a force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  and gradually open forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in a first partially closed orientation  410  to forceps jaws in a second partially closed orientation  420 . Illustratively, gradually opening forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in a first partially closed orientation  410  to forceps jaws in a second partially closed orientation  420  may be configured to spread the tissue, dissect the tissue, etc. 
       FIG. 4D  illustrates forceps jaws in a partially open orientation  430 . Illustratively, a reduction of a force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually open forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in a second partially closed orientation  420  to forceps jaws in a partially open orientation  430 . In one or more embodiments, a distal end of first forceps jaw  160  may be separated from a distal end of second forceps jaw  160 , e.g., when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a partially open orientation  430 . Illustratively, a distal end of first forceps arm conductor tip  110  may be separated from a distal end of second forceps arm conductor tip  110 , e.g., when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a partially open orientation  430 . In one or more embodiments, a reduction of a force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to electrically disconnect first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and second forceps arm conductor tip  110 . Illustratively, first forceps arm conductor tip  110  may be electrically disconnected from second forceps arm conductor tip  110 , e.g., when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a partially open orientation  430 . In one or more embodiments, a reduction of a force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to spread a tissue, dissect a tissue, etc. Illustratively, a surgeon may insert forceps arm distal ends  101  into a tissue, e.g., when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a second partially closed orientation  420 . In one or more embodiments, the surgeon may reduce a force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  and gradually open forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in a second partially closed orientation  420  to forceps jaws in a partially open orientation  430 . Illustratively, gradually opening forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in a second partially closed orientation  420  to forceps jaws in a partially open orientation  430  may be configured to spread the tissue, dissect the tissue, etc. 
       FIG. 4E  illustrates forceps jaws in a fully open orientation  440 . Illustratively, a reduction of a force applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually open forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in a partially open orientation  430  to forceps jaws in a fully open orientation  440 . In one or more embodiments, forceps arm distal ends  101  may be separated by a distance in a range of 0.5 to 0.7 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a fully open orientation  440 , e.g., forceps arm distal ends  101  may be separated by a distance of 0.625 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a fully open orientation  440 . Illustratively, forceps arm distal ends  101  may be separated by a distance less than 0.5 inches or greater than 0.7 inches when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a fully open orientation  440 . In one or more embodiments, forceps jaws  160  may comprise forceps jaws in a fully open orientation  440 , e.g., when no force is applied to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100 . 
       FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C  are schematic diagrams illustrating a uniform compression of a vessel  560 . In one or more embodiments, vessel  560  may comprise a blood vessel of an arteriovenous malformation.  FIG. 5A  illustrates an uncompressed vessel  500 . Illustratively, vessel  560  may comprise an uncompressed vessel  500 , e.g., when vessel  560  has a natural geometry. In one or more embodiments, vessel  560  may comprise an uncompressed vessel, e.g., when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in a partially closed orientation  310 . Illustratively, a surgeon may dispose vessel  560  between first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and second forceps arm conductor tip  110 , e.g., when forceps jaws  160  comprise forceps jaws in an open orientation  300 . In one or more embodiments, an application of a force to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to gradually close forceps jaws  160  from forceps jaws in an open orientation  300  to forceps jaws in a partially closed orientation  310 . Illustratively, vessel  560  may electrically connect first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and second forceps arm conductor tip  110 , e.g., when vessel  560  comprises an uncompressed vessel  500 . In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may identify an orientation of forceps jaws  160  wherein conductor tips  110  initially contact vessel  560 . Illustratively, a geometry of forceps arms  100  may be configured to allow a surgeon to visually identify an orientation of forceps jaws  160  wherein conductor tips  110  initially contact vessel  560 . In one or more embodiments, a mass of forceps arms  100  may be configured to allow a surgeon to tactilely identify an orientation of forceps jaws  160  wherein conductor tips  110  initially contact vessel  560 . Illustratively, a geometry of forceps arms  100  and a mass of forceps arms  100  may be configured to allow a surgeon to both visually and tactilely identify an orientation of forceps jaws  160  wherein conductor tips  110  initially contact vessel  560 . 
       FIG. 5B  illustrates a partially compressed vessel  510 . Illustratively, an application of a force to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to uniformly compress vessel  560  from an uncompressed vessel  500  to a partially compressed vessel  510 . In one or more embodiments, an application of a force to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to uniformly increase a contact area between vessel  560  and forceps arm conductor tips  110 . Illustratively, vessel  560  may electrically connect first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and second forceps arm conductor tip  110 , e.g., when vessel  560  comprises a partially compressed vessel  510 . In one or more embodiments, an application of a force to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to compress vessel  560  wherein vessel  560  maintains a symmetrical geometry with respect to a medial axis of vessel  560 . Illustratively, vessel  560  may have a symmetrical geometry with respect to a medial axis of vessel  560  when vessel  560  comprises a partially compressed vessel  510 . In one or more embodiments, forceps jaws  160  may be configured to compress vessel  560  wherein no portion of vessel  560  is compressed substantially more than another portion of vessel  560 , e.g., forceps jaws  160  may be configured to evenly compress vessel  560  without pinching a first portion of vessel  560  or bulging a second portion of vessel  560 . Illustratively, vessel  560  may be evenly compressed when vessel  560  comprises a partially compressed vessel  510 . 
       FIG. 5C  illustrates a fully compressed vessel  520 . Illustratively, an application of a force to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to uniformly compress vessel  560  from a partially compressed vessel  510  to a fully compressed vessel  520 . In one or more embodiments, an application of a force to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to uniformly increase a contact area between vessel  560  and forceps arm conductor tips  110 . Illustratively, vessel  560  may electrically connect first forceps arm conductor tip  110  and second forceps arm conductor tip  110 , e.g., when vessel  560  comprises a fully compressed vessel  520 . In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may uniformly cauterize vessel  560 , e.g., when vessel  560  comprises a fully compressed vessel  520 . Illustratively, a surgeon may uniformly achieve hemostasis of vessel  560 , e.g., when vessel  560  comprises a fully compressed vessel  520 . In one or more embodiments, an application of a force to a lateral portion of forceps arms  100  may be configured to compress vessel  560  wherein vessel  560  maintains a symmetrical geometry with respect to a medial axis of vessel  560 . Illustratively, vessel  560  may have a symmetrical geometry with respect to a medial axis of vessel  560  when vessel  560  comprises a fully compressed vessel  520 . In one or more embodiments, forceps jaws  160  may be configured to compress vessel  560  wherein no portion of vessel  560  is compressed substantially more than another portion of vessel  560 , e.g., forceps jaws  160  may be configured to evenly compress vessel  560  without pinching a first portion of vessel  560  or bulging a second portion of vessel  560 . Illustratively, vessel  560  may be evenly compressed when vessel  560  comprises a fully compressed vessel  520 . 
     The foregoing description has been directed to particular embodiments of this invention. It will be apparent; however, that other variations and modifications may be made to the described embodiments, with the attainment of some or all of their advantages. Specifically, it should be noted that the principles of the present invention may be implemented in any system. Furthermore, while this description has been written in terms of a surgical instrument, the teachings of the present invention are equally suitable to any systems where the functionality may be employed. Therefore, it is the object of the appended claims to cover all such variations and modifications as come within the true spirit and scope of the invention.