Patent Publication Number: US-6705565-B1

Title: System and dispenser for dispensing wet wipes

Description:
This application is a continuation in part of pending U.S. application entitled Dispenser For Premoistened Wipes, Ser. No. 09/545,995, which was filed on Apr. 10, 2000, and which claims the benefit of the filing date pursuant to 35 U.S.C. §119(e) of, Provisional Application Serial No. 60/132,024, filed Apr. 30, 1999, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates to the use of wet or premoistened products alone or in conjunction with other products or systems to dispense such products. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Wet products such as wet wipes have many applications. They may be used with small children and infants when changing diapers, they may be used for house hold cleaning tasks, they may be used for cleaning hands, they may be used as a bath tissue, they may be used as by a caregiver to clean a disabled or incontinent adult or they may be used in and for a whole host of other applications, where it is advantages to have a wipe or towel that has some moisture in it. 
     Wet wipes have been traditionally dispensed in sheet form from a tub like container with a hinged lid on the top. The lid is opened and individual or singularized sheets of the wipes are removed. Another type of container that has been used for wet wipes provides a roll of wipes in which the wipes are pulled from the top of the container in a direction that is parallel to the axis of the roll. These wipes are pulled from the center of a hollow coreless roll that has perforated sheets. These containers generally have a snap top lid that is opened to expose a piece of the wipes that can then be pulled to remove the desired amount of wipes. Once pulled out the wipes can then be torn off, usually at a perforation, and the lid closed. 
     Wet wipes can be any wipe, towel tissue or sheet like product including natural fibers, synthetic fibers, synthetic material and combinations thereof, that is wet or moist. Examples of wet wipes are disclosed in application Ser. Nos. 09/564,449; 09/564,213; 09/565,125; 09/564,837; 09/564,939; 09/564,531; 09/564,268; 09/564,424; 09/564,780; 09/564,212; 09/565,623, all filed May 4, 2000 titled Ion-Sensitive, Water-Disperible Polymers, A Method of Making Same And Item Using Same, pending application Ser. No. 09/223,999 titled Ion-Sensitive Hard Water Dispersible Polymers And Applications Therefore, filed Dec. 31, 1998 the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
    
    
     DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a prospective view of a dispenser. 
     FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a dispenser and cartridge. 
     FIG. 2 a  is a plan view of the front of the tray. 
     FIG. 3 is a prospective view of an open dispenser. 
     FIG. 4 is a top view of a dispenser. 
     FIG. 5 is a front view of a dispenser. 
     FIG. 6 is a bottom view of a dispenser. 
     FIG. 7 is a side view of a dispenser. 
     FIG. 8 is a back view of a dispenser. 
     FIG. 9 is a cross section view of a dispenser and cartridge taken along line A—A of FIG.  5 . 
     FIG. 10 is a cross section view along line D—D of FIG.  9 . 
     FIG. 11 is a cross section view along line E—E of FIG.  9 . 
     FIG. 12 is a cross section view along line F—F of FIG.  9 . 
     FIG. 13 is a cross section view of a dispenser and cartridge taken along line C—C of FIG.  5 . 
     FIG. 14 is a cross section view along line J—J of FIG.  13 . 
     FIG. 15 is a cross section view along line K—K of FIG.  13 . 
     FIG. 16 is a prospective view of a dispenser with a wet wipe. 
     FIG. 17 is a prospective view of a dispenser, a cartridge and a roll of wet wipes. 
     FIG. 18 is a prospective view of a roll of wet wipes 
     FIG. 19 is a cross section view of a dispenser, a cartridge and a roll of wet wipes. 
     FIG. 20 is a cross section view of a cartridge and a roll of premoistened wipes. 
     FIG. 21 is a cross section view of a cartridge. 
     FIG. 22 is a prospective view of the outside of a cover. 
     FIG. 23 is a front view of the outside of a cover. 
     FIG. 24 is a prospective view of the inside of a cover. 
     FIG. 25 is a cross section view of a cover. 
     FIGS. 26-28 are views of a tray. 
     FIGS. 29-31 are views of a roller. 
     FIGS. 32-37 are views of a wiper. 
     FIG. 36 is a view along line A—A of FIG.  35 . 
     FIG. 34 is a view along line A—A of FIG.  32 . 
     FIGS. 38-39 are views of a wiper. 
     FIGS. 40-41 are views of a roller. 
     FIGS. 42-45 are views of a mounting assembly. 
     FIGS. 46-50 are views of a screw used in conjunction with the mounting assembly. 
     FIGS. 51-53 are views of a tray. 
     FIG. 54 is a top view of a package of cartridges. 
     FIG. 55 is a prospective view of a dispenser. 
     FIG. 56 is an exploded view of a dispenser and cartridge. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PRESENTLY PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION 
     A system for dispensing wet wipes is provided, which in general may have a housing, a cover, and a cartridge having a roll of wet wipes. The cartridge is placed in the housing and then the wipes can be removed from the dispenser. 
     For example, the system may have a dispenser that has a housing, which is capable of being mounted to a surface, such as a wall, a cabinet, an existing bath tissue dispenser, a toilet, a toilet tank, a stall wall, or a dashboard of an automobile. The dispenser has an opening that holds a cartridge, which contains the wet wipes. These cartridges are sealed and may be grouped in packages of multiple cartridges. Thus, a package of cartridges may be provided to a user. The user may then select and open one of the cartridges, put it in the dispenser, and use the wipes as needed. When the wipes are used up, the user may simply replace the old cartridge with a new one. Thus, this system enables the user to conveniently obtain and keep several cartridges of wipes on hand and then use the wipes as needed. By using sealed cartridges to refill the dispenser the user is using a new and fresh product each time and a product that is in contact with fresh surfaces. 
     By way of example, referring to FIGS. 1 through 15, there is provided a dispenser  1 , which has a housing  2 , a tray  3 , a cover  7 , and a mounting assembly  8 . The tray and the cover form a gap  4 , through which a wet wipe can extend. The tray and cover additionally recesses  5 , that form an indentation that provides a finger hold, or point where a user can grasp the wet wipe to pull it from the dispenser. Although optional, this dispenser is also provided with a roller  6  for mounting and dispensing toilet tissue. 
     FIG. 1 shows the dispenser with the cover closed. FIG. 2 show the dispenser and a cartridge in a exploded view. FIG. 3 show the dispenser assembled and in a fully opened condition. The fully opened condition provides access to screw  9 . 
     The housing may be made from any suitable material, such as plastic, wood. ceramic, porcelain, glass, paper, metal, thermoplastic elastomers, or composite materials. For example, polypropylene, polyesters such as polybutylene terephthalate (Pbt), Pbt glass filled, Pbt 15% glass filled, fiberglass, carbon fiber, and acetyl butyl styrene (ABS) may be used to make the housing. The housing may have different shapes and sizes. When the housing is intended for use in a home it is desirable that the housing be of a size that is similar to conventional bath tissue roller mounts. It is particularly desirable that the dispenser be as compact as possible for home use. Further if the housing is in the range of from about 4½ inches to 6⅞ inches in width it will be able to fit in or mount to the vast majority of toilet paper holds that are in existing houses. Preferably the width of the housing may be less than about 6⅞ inches, and less than about 7 inches. This size provides an added benefit of enabling one size of dispenser to be used in the vast majority of applications in the home. When the housing is used for industrial purposes or in commercial applications it may be desirable to make the housing substantially larger. 
     The housing may be configured as show in FIG. 1 to mount onto or into a conventional wall mount toilet paper holder. It may also be mounted directly to a wall, for example by way of a screw, through mounting hole  30 , or by other means of fixing the housing to a wall or surface, such as glue, nails, screws, rivets, magnetic attachments, staples, engaging brackets and pressure mountings against the sides of a conventional wall mount for toilet tissues. The housing also may have a tab  13  that engages a lock  12  on the cover to keep the cover closed, yet provide an easy way to open the dispenser. Various other ways to lock or fix the cover to the housing may also be employed. For example, a lock and key approach may be desirable in commercial application or houses where there are small children present. 
     The housing may also have an opening  14  that is made to receive cover mounts  29 . The opening  14  and the cover mounts  29  may further be configured to receive a convention toilet tissue roller. The housing may further have an opening  28  for receiving a pin  27  on the tray  3 . 
     The cover  7  may be made of any similar material to the housing, it may be the same as or a different material from the housing. The cover may be clear or have a window for viewing the amount of wet wipes that remain in the dispenser. It is noted, however, that because the cover is in direct contact with the wet wipe, the cover forms the top of the cartridge when the cartridge is inserted into the dispenser and the cover closed, wood or any other material that would support bacterial growth would not be favored. It is preferred that all materials that are in contact with the wet wipes be made from materials that discourage, or do not support bacterial growth. Moreover, anti-bacterial agents may be added to the materials that are in contact with the wet wipes. 
     The cover is designed to cooperate with the cartridge  11  to form a barrier to moisture loss from the wet wipes. The cover may also be designed to cooperate with other components of the dispenser system to form a moisture barrier. The dispenser can maintain wet wipes in a moist condition when fully closed for at least 1 day, for at least 2 days, for at least 5 days and for at least 14 days, and preferably for more than 14 days at room conditions of 73 degrees F. and 50% relative humidity. The dispenser when fully closed can maintain at least about 15%, at least about 20%, at least about 25% and at least about 50% of the moisture of the wipe for a 14 day period at 73 degrees F. and 50% relative humidity. 
     The cover may further be designed to cooperate with the cartridge  11 , or other components of the dispenser system, to for a barrier to contamination of the wipes within the dispenser. Thus, the cover in cooperation with the cartridge, or other components of the dispenser system, may form a barrier to dirt, dust, mold spores and bacteria. 
     The cover may be provided with an inside rim  33  (see, e.g., FIG. 3) and a wiper  10  (see, e.g., FIGS.  2  and  3 ). The cover inside rim and wiper cooperate with the lip  31  of the cartridge. In this way when the cover is closed the inside rim is brought against the lip of the cartridge and the wiper is similarly brought against the tray including the guides, as well as the lip of the cartridge. 
     The distance between the inside of the cover where the wiper is located and the tray may be less than the height of the wiper. Thus, in this configuration the wiper would be placed under compression against the lip, the tray, or the guides  16  or all of them depending on the position of the wiper. Here the wiper would exert pressure on the wet wipes. The wiper may also be positioned so that it contacts the wet web but does not exert pressure against it, or be positioned so that it is a short distance above the wet web. The amount of pressure that the wiper exerts on the wet web, may vary depending upon several factors, including the purpose for the wiper, the material that the wiper is made from, the material that the wet wipe is made from and the material that the lip is made from. 
     The tray  3  may be made from any similar material to the housing or cover, and it may be the same material or different material from those of components. The tray may have side walls  22  and  23 . The trays shown in the figures does not have bottom walls, although one may be provided if desired. The side walls may be provided with recesses  24 ,  25 , and  26 . These recess cooperate with protrusions  19 ,  20  and  21  on the cartridge ( 19  with  26 ,  20  with  24  and  21  with  25 ). In this way the cartridge is securely, yet easily removably held in the dispenser. The tray opening  15  is sized in relation to the cartridge (or the cartridge may be sized in relation to the tray opening) so that the cartridge can easily be slid into and out of the dispenser. 
     As is apparent from FIG. 2 the tray opening and cartridge are not symmetrically shaped, i.e., they are asymmetric. The asymmetry of the tray and cartridge results in a keyed type arrangement that allows the cartridge to be inserted in only one orientation into the dispenser. This assures that the roll of wipes will unwind from a predetermined orientation, i.e., from the bottom of the roll or the top of the roll. In the embodiment show in FIG. 2 the asymmetry is obtained by having a different number and location of protrusions and recess on opposite sides. It being recognized that any suitable means to accomplish asymmetry may be employed, such as notches, tongue and groove, the shapes of the opening and detents. Additionally, labeling or marking of the cartridge, the tray, or both can create the effect of asymmetry. Although this latter approach requires the effort of the user, where the form approach is designed to be “user proof.” 
     The housing may further have guides  16 . The guides may be movable or fixed. The guides may have raised surfaces  16   a  and lowered surfaces  16   b . These guides may be made from the same type of material as the the housing. They may be integral with the housing. The guides and the housing may be one continuous piece of plastic. The guides may be designed to cooperate with the wiper to prevent or reduce the tendency of the wipe to skate to one side of the dispenser as the wipe is pulled out and torn off. The guides may also cooperate with the wiper to regulate and control the amount of drag. The tray may have barbs  71 . An example of tray without barbs is seen at FIG.  17 . 
     The cartridge may be made out of any suitable material, such as plastic. It is preferable that the cartridge be made from a light weight, inexpensive, disposable and recyclable material. The cartridge has side walls  17 ,  18 ,  39  and  40  and bottom wall  41 . The cartridge has a lip  31  that from an opening at the top of the cartridge. The cartridge has ribs  32 . The ribs may extend part way or all the way along the sides  39  and  40  and the bottom  41 . The ribs  32  may cause grooves or indentations to form in the rolls, depending on the density of the roll and conditions of use. Although these grooves are not necessary to the use of the dispenser system. 
     The cartridge may be any shape or size provided that it fits in or cooperate with the dispenser. For example a cartridge that would be useful for application in the home would have side walls  17  and  18  that are less than 105 mm and side wall  39  and  40  that are less than 134 mm. 
     Instead of protrusions  19 ,  20  and  21 , the cartridge may have recess at those location and the tray may have corresponding protrusions. Moreover, the cartridge may have ribs, like rib  32 , along side walls  17  and  18 . 
     FIG. 16 shows a dispenser in the closed condition with a tail of a wet wipe  36  protruding from gap  4  into the finger hold indentation that is formed by recess  5 . In use the tail of the wet wipe would be grasped and pulled generally in the direction of arrow  35  causing the roll to unwind and the wipe to be dispensed from the dispenser. In use the wet wipe may also be subjected to forces tangential and perpendicular to the direction of arrow  35 . If these forces occur the guides and the wipers help to prevent the wipe from skating to one side of the gap and bunching up or binding. 
     FIG. 17 is an exploded view of a dispenser, cartridge and roll of wipes  34  showing the relationship of these components. 
     FIG. 18 shows a roll of wipes  34  that has a tail  36  and further defines the axis of the roll as  37 . Rolls useful with this dispenser or as part of a dispensing system may contain from as little as a few linear inches to more than 450 linear inches, to more than linear 600 inches to more than a thousand linear inches of wet wipes. The rolls may have a web of material that may have any number of sheets. Usually, the sheets are separated by perforations that enable the sheet to be easily tom from the web but are strong enough that they will not separate while the web is being pulled from the dispenser. An example of a roll that is particularly useful for applications in the home is one that has a diameter of about 2 inches to about 3 inches, of about less than 5½ inches, and preferably has a diameter of about 3 inches and more preferably of about 2.875 inches. This roll has from about 400 linear inches of wipes to about 1000 linear inches of wipes. Each sheet length may be from about 3½ to 6½ inches and preferably are about 4.5 inches. These roll further have a density of from about 0.5 g/cc to about 1 g/cc and preferably about 0.62 g/cc. A particular example of roll may be one having a diameter of about 2.33 inches and containing about 450 linear inches of wipe. Another particular example of a roll may be one having a diameter of about 2.875 inches and containing 450 linear inches of wipes. 
     The preferred form of wet wipes for use with the dispenser system is a sold coreless roll as shown in FIG.  18 . It is to be understood, however, that cored rolls, hollow coreless rolls, and stacks of sheets may also be used in the dispenser system. 
     Table I sets out types of wet sheets and their properties. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE I 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Wet Wipe 
                   
                 Wet Wipe 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Example 1 
                   
                 Example 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Run 
                 Run 
                 Run 
                 Run 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 STDeV 
                 Average 
                 STDev 
               
               
                 Basis 
                 60 gsm 
                   
                 60 gsm 
               
               
                 Solution 
                 commercial 
                   
                 4% salt 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 solution 
               
               
                 Solution 
                 175% 
                   
                 195% 
               
               
                 Add on level 
               
               
                 Basesheet 
                 4.25″ width 
                   
                 4.25″ width 
               
               
                 Converting 
               
               
                 perforation 
                 0.11″ 
                   
                 0.7″ 
               
               
                 Wet 
               
               
                 tensiles 
               
               
                 MD 
                 379.847 
                 25.852 
                 320.943 
                 30.477 
               
               
                 Tensile (g/in) 
               
               
                 MD 
               
               
                 Stretch (% 
                 22.700 
                 1.386 
                 28.254 
                 1.583 
               
               
                 Elongation) 
               
               
                 TEA (Ft- 
               
               
                 Lb/Sq. In) 
                 0.957 
                 0.057 
                 1.022 
                 0.073 
               
               
                 CD 
                 328.772 
                 28.283 
                 287.417 
                 29.034 
               
               
                 Tensile (g/in) 
               
               
                 CD 
               
               
                 Stretch (% 
                 27.650 
                 1817 
                 34.146 
                 3.474 
               
               
                 Elongation) 
               
               
                 TEA (Ft- 
               
               
                 Lb/Sq. In) 
                 0.928 
                 0.089 
                 0.965 
                 0.131 
               
               
                 Detach (g- 
                 375.863 
                 20.716 
                 426.789 
                 33.789 
               
               
                 in) 
               
               
                 % strain @ 
                 8.341 
                 0.456 
                 10.975 
                 1.077 
               
               
                 pk load 
               
               
                 Dry Basis 
                 57.052 
                 2.404 
                 65.978 
                 3.651 
               
               
                 Weight (gsm) 
               
               
                 Thickness 
                 0.562 
                 0.017 
                 0.474 
                 0.013 
               
               
                 (mm) 
               
               
                 Sheet 
                 98.917 
                 0.669 
                 99.077 
                 1.115 
               
               
                 Count 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table II contains additional data reflecting the properties of wet wipes. This table shows the effects on changing base sheet and solution variable has on the physical properties of the wipes. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE II 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Basesheet Variables 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 100% pulp/ 
                 100% pulp/ 
                 100% pulp/ 
                 15% PET/ 
               
               
                   
                 65 gsm 
                 60 gsm 
                 55 gsm 
                 55 gsm 
               
               
                   
                 22% 
                 20% 
                 20 
                 20% 
               
               
                   
                 binder/1.1 
                 binder/.76 
                 binder/.76 
                 binder/.84 
               
               
                   
                 mm dry bulk 
                 mm dry bulk 
                 mm dry bulk 
                 mm dry bulk 
               
               
                 solutions 
               
               
                   
                 Example 3 
                 Example 4 
                 Example 5 
                 Example 6 
               
               
                 0.5% 
                 MDWT = 500 
                 MDWT = 452 
                 MDWT = 383 
                 MDWT = 391 
               
               
                 silicone 
                 g/l″ 
                 g/l″ 
                 g/l″ 
                 g/l″ 
               
               
                 0.25% 
                 CDWT = 445 
                 CDWT = 403 
                 CDWT = 334 
                 CDWT = 310 
               
               
                 lanolin 
                 g/l″ 
                 g/l″ 
                 g/l″ 
                 g/l″ 
               
               
                   
                 wet 
                 wet 
                 wet 
                 wet 
               
               
                   
                 bulk = 0.46 
                 bulk = 0.40 
                 bulk = 0.39 
                 bulk = 0.41 
               
               
                   
                 mm 
                 mm 
                 mm 
                 mm 
               
               
                   
                 peel force 
                 peel force 
                 peel force 
                 peel force 
               
               
                   
                 = 167 g. 
                 = 131 g. 
                 = 106 g. 
                 = 
               
               
                   
                 Example 7 
                   
                 Example 8 
                 Example 9 
               
               
                 1.0% 
                 MDWT = 473 
                   
                 MDWT = 401 
                 MDWT = 416 
               
               
                 silicone 
                 g/l″ 
                   
                 g/l″ 
                 g/l″ 
               
               
                 0.25% 
                 CDWT = 455 
                   
                 CDWT = 348 
                 CDWT = 350 
               
               
                 lanolin 
                 g/l″ 
                   
                 g/l″ 
                 g/l″ 
               
               
                   
                 wet 
                   
                 wet 
                 wet 
               
               
                   
                 bulk = 0.45 
                   
                 bulk = 0.40 
                 bulk = 0.39 
               
               
                   
                 mm 
                   
                 mm 
                 mm 
               
               
                   
                 peel force 
                   
                 peel force 
                 peel force 
               
               
                   
                 = 170 g. 
                   
                 = 120 g. 
                 = 115 g. 
               
               
                   
                 Example 10 
               
               
                 1.0% 
                 MDWT = 528 
               
               
                 silicone 
                 g/l″ 
               
               
                 0.0% 
                 CDWT = 462 
               
               
                 lanolin 
                 g/l″ 
               
               
                   
                 wet 
               
               
                   
                 bulk = 0.44 
               
               
                   
                 mm 
               
               
                   
                 peel force 
               
               
                   
                 = 162 g. 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table III sets out the physical properties of rolls of wet wipes and Table IV sets out the theoretical physical properties of rolls of wet wipes. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE III 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Coreless Roll 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Measurements and 
                   
                   
               
               
                 Calculations 
                   
                   
               
               
                 Actual Data From 
                   
                   
               
               
                 Rolls Produced 
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Initial Sheet Length 
                 5 
                 inches 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 lnitial Sheet Width 
                 4.125 
                 inches 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Number of Sheets in 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Roll 
                 90 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Dry Basesheet 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Basis Weight 
                 65 
                 gsm 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Target Solution Add- 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 on 
                 225 
                 % 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Caicuiated Roll 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Weight 
                 253 
                 grams 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Assumed Wet 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Thickness Prior to 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Winding 
                 0.48 
                 mm 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Unwound 
                 Calculated 
                 Calculated 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Roll 
                 Measured 
                 Wet 
                 Roll 
                 Effective 
                 Compression 
               
               
                 Number 
                 Diameter 
                 Thicknesss 
                 Density 
                 Thickness 
                 Factor 
               
               
                   
                 (inches) 
                 (mm) 
                 (g/cm{circumflex over ( )}3) 
                 mm 
                 (%) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 2.77 
                 NA 
                 0.62136 
                 0.33998 
                 71% 
               
               
                 2 
                 2.83 
                 0.41 
                 0.59530 
                 0.35487 
                 74% 
               
               
                 3 
                 2.86 
                 NA 
                 0.58287 
                 0.36243 
                 76% 
               
               
                 4 
                 2.90 
                 NA 
                 0.56690 
                 0.37264 
                 78% 
               
               
                 5 
                 2.96 
                 0.478 
                 0.54415 
                 0.38822 
                 81% 
               
               
                 6 
                 2.86 
                 NA 
                 0.58287 
                 0.36243 
                 76% 
               
               
                 7 
                 2.98 
                 NA 
                 0.53688 
                 0.39348 
                 82% 
               
               
                 8 
                 2.88 
                 NA 
                 0.57481 
                 0.36752 
                 77% 
               
               
                 9 
                 2.94 
                 NA 
                 0.55158 
                 0.38299 
                 80% 
               
               
                 10 
                 2.86 
                 0.448 
                 0.58287 
                 0.36243 
                 76% 
               
               
                 11 
                 2.86 
                 NA 
                 0.58287 
                 0.36243 
                 76% 
               
               
                 12 
                 2.84 
                 NA 
                 o.59111 
                 0.35738 
                 74% 
               
               
                 13 
                 3.00 
                 NA 
                 0.52974 
                 0.39878 
                 83% 
               
               
                 14 
                 2.86 
                 NA 
                 0.58287 
                 0.36243 
                 76% 
               
               
                 15 
                 2.86 
                 NA 
                 0.58287 
                 0.36243 
                 76% 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Wet Thickness 
               
               
                 Compression Factor 
                   
                   
                   
                 Prior to Winding 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Eftective 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Thickness 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 (Wound) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE IV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Coreless Roll 
               
               
                 Calculations 
               
               
                 Theoretical Roll 
               
               
                 Density 
               
               
                 Possibilities 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Initial 
                 4.5 
                 inches 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 Sheet 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Length 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Initial 
                 4.125 
                 inches 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Sheet 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Width 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Number of 
                 100 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Sheets in 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Roll 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Total Roll 
                 37.5 
                 feet 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Length 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Assumed 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Pre- 
               
               
                 Dry 
                   
                 Calculated 
                 wound 
                 Assumed 
                 Calculated 
                 Calculated 
               
               
                 Basesheet 
                 Solution 
                 Roll 
                 Wet 
                 Compression 
                 Roll 
                 Roll 
               
               
                 Weight 
                 Add-on 
                 Weight 
                 Thickness 
                 Factor 
                 Diameter 
                 Density 
               
               
                 (gsm) 
                 (%) 
                 (grams) 
                 (mm) 
                 (%) 
                 (inches) 
                 (g/cm{circumflex over ( )}3) 
                 Footnotes 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 65 
                 225 
                 253 
                 0.48 
                 1.30000 
                 3.75 
                 0.33854167 
                 (1) 
               
               
                 65 
                 225 
                 253 
                 0.48 
                 1.15000 
                 3.53 
                 0.38269928 
               
               
                 65 
                 225 
                 253 
                 0.48 
                 1.00000 
                 3.29 
                 0.44010417 
                 (2) 
               
               
                 65 
                 225 
                 253 
                 0.48 
                 0.90000 
                 3.12 
                 0.48900463 
               
               
                 65 
                 225 
                 253 
                 0.48 
                 0.80000 
                 2.94 
                 0.55013021 
               
               
                 65 
                 225 
                 253 
                 0.48 
                 0.71000 
                 2.77 
                 0.61986502 
                 (3) 
               
               
                 65 
                 225 
                 253 
                 0.48 
                 0.60000 
                 2.55 
                 0.73350694 
               
               
                 65 
                 225 
                 253 
                 0.48 
                 0.50000 
                 2.33 
                 0.88020833 
                 (4) 
               
               
                 65 
                 225 
                 253 
                 0.48 
                 0.44000 
                 2.18 
                 1.00023674 
               
               
                 65 
                 225 
                 253 
                 0.48 
                 0.40500 
                 2.09 
                 1.08667695 
                 (5) 
               
               
                 65 
                 300 
                 311 
                 0.48 
                 1.30000 
                 3.75 
                 0.41666667 
               
               
                 65 
                 300 
                 311 
                 0.48 
                 1.15000 
                 3.53 
                 0.47101449 
               
               
                 65 
                 300 
                 311 
                 0.48 
                 1.00000 
                 3.29 
                 0.54166667 
               
               
                 65 
                 300 
                 311 
                 0.48 
                 0.90000 
                 3.12 
                 0.60185185 
               
               
                 65 
                 300 
                 311 
                 0.48 
                 0.80000 
                 2.94 
                 0.67708333 
               
               
                 65 
                 300 
                 311 
                 0.48 
                 0.70000 
                 2.75 
                 0.77380952 
               
               
                 65 
                 300 
                 311 
                 0.48 
                 0.60000 
                 2.55 
                 0.90277778 
               
               
                 65 
                 300 
                 311 
                 0.48 
                 0.50000 
                 2.33 
                 1.08333333 
               
               
                 50 
                 225 
                 195 
                 0.48 
                 1.30000 
                 3.75 
                 0.26041667 
               
               
                 50 
                 225 
                 195 
                 0.48 
                 1.15000 
                 3.53 
                 0.29438406 
               
               
                 50 
                 225 
                 195 
                 0.48 
                 1.00000 
                 3.29 
                 0.33854167 
               
               
                 50 
                 225 
                 195 
                 0.48 
                 0.80000 
                 2.94 
                 0.42317708 
               
               
                 50 
                 225 
                 195 
                 0.48 
                 0.60000 
                 2.55 
                 0.56423611 
               
               
                 50 
                 225 
                 195 
                 0.48 
                 0.40000 
                 2.08 
                 0.84635417 
               
               
                 50 
                 225 
                 195 
                 0.48 
                 0.31300 
                 1.84 
                 1.08160277 
               
               
                 50 
                 150 
                 150 
                 0.48 
                 1.30000 
                 3.75 
                 0.20032051 
                 (6) 
               
               
                 50 
                 150 
                 150 
                 0.48 
                 1.00000 
                 3.29 
                 0.26041667 
               
               
                 50 
                 150 
                 150 
                 0.48 
                 0.80000 
                 2.94 
                 0.32552083 
               
               
                 50 
                 150 
                 150 
                 0.48 
                 0.60000 
                 2.55 
                 0.43402778 
               
               
                 50 
                 150 
                 150 
                 0.48 
                 0.40000 
                 2.08 
                 0.65104167 
               
               
                 50 
                 150 
                 150 
                 0.48 
                 0.30000 
                 1.80 
                 0.86805556 
               
               
                 50 
                 150 
                 150 
                 0.48 
                 0.24000 
                 1.61 
                 1.08506944 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Footnotes  
               
               
                 (1) A very loose roll, no compression, lots of air spaces, giving an overall low density  
               
               
                 (2) A roll that theoretically has no compression; this density and volume for roll vs. unrolled would be equal  
               
               
                 (3) A roll that has been produced at OG, with this compression and roll density  
               
               
                 (4) Estimate of maximum compression achievable before product failure from in-wound tension exceeding strength of sheets or perforations  
               
               
                 (5) Physical limitation of the maximum density achievable based on incompressibility of water  
               
               
                 (6) Low end density achieved by a loose roll, low dry basis weight and low % Add-on  
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The peel force was measured with an MTS Sintech 1/G test machine with TestWorks 3.10 software. All testing as done in a conditioned laboratory under Tappi Standard conditions. A 4.5-inch wide clamp with rubber surfaces gripped the tail of a roll, with the roll position directly underneath the clamp such the tail would remain vertical as it was unwound from the roll if there were no peel force causing the web to wrap a portion of the roll and deflect from the vertical. The damp was attached to the crosshead, which pulled the tissue web upward at a speed of 100 cm/minute. Peel force was measured by a 50 N load cell. The average load to pull 18 sheets away from the roll was recorded by averaging two runs in which 4 sheets each were separated and two runs in which 5 sheets each were separated. Only the first 18 sheets from the roll were used in the measurement. 
     FIG. 19 shows the roll  34  as it is placed in a cartridge in a dispenser. The spiral line  38  is intended to represent the manner in which the roll is wound and depicts in that configuration a roll that is being unwound from the bottom. That figure further shows the relationship of the wiper  10  to the wet web. FIG. 20 shows the roll  24  in cartridge  11 , with spiral line  38  indicating the wind of the roll. This figure shows the relationship of the roll and the ribs  32 . As can be seen from this figure the roll is lifted off of the side and back walls of the cartridge by rib  32 . Thus, the amount of surface are of the roll that is in contact with the cartridge is reduced. This in turn reduces the drag that the roll experiences from friction with the cartridge when the roll is turned. 
     FIG. 21 shows a portion of a cartridge  11 , the lip  31  of the cartridge, and the side walls  39  and  40 . The angle that the cartridge is position at has an effect on how well the dispenser will perform. The angle will have a tendency to add or reduce the drag associated with pulling the wipe out. It will have an effect on the amount of wicking or drying through wicking that may take place in the wet wipe. It may also have an effect on how the roll acts as it is unwound, becoming smaller and smaller in the cartridge. The angle of the cartridge can be measured by the angle that the lip  31  forms with a true vertical axis, shown as  42 . For a dispenser system as shown in FIGS. 1-19, the angle  43  that the lip  31  has with a true vertical axis  42  should be from about 10 degrees to about 80 degrees, from about 20 degrees to about 70 degrees, at least greater than 20 degrees, at least smaller than 60 degrees, and preferably about 30 degrees. 
     Further the angle may be selected such that it balances the forces between the peel forces associated with unrolling the roll and the weight of the roll forcing it down against the ribs. Thus the wipe can be unrolled without having excessive movement of the roll within the cartridge, which in turn overcomes the tendency of the roll to translate toward the gap and bind or jam the dispenser. Additionally, the selection of the angle may play a role in reducing the drying of the wet wipe. As the angle  43  is increased the difference between the height of the top of the roll and the tail is decreased. Thus, decreasing any siphoning driving force. 
     FIGS. 22 through 25 show various views of an example of a cover. In this example the cover  7  has cover mounts  29 , a recess  5  for forming part of a finger hold indentation, an inside rim  33 , which has a bottom inside rim section  45  and side inside rim sections  46  (of which only one can be seen in FIG.  24 ), leg sections  72 , and posts  44 . In this example the posts are used to connect the wiper to the cover. 
     FIGS. 26 through 28 show an example of a tray  3   a . In this example the tray has an opening  15   a  with  3  recesses on both sides. The tray has guides that are rollers  47 . 
     In a further example of the tray, the tray is fixed to the housing. This may be accomplished by having the housing and tray being made out of a single piece of material of having the housing and tray joined together by a permanent bonding means, such as welding, heat bonding or gluing. In yet a further example the tray may be attached to the housing so that is can not rotate with respect to the housing, yet still may be removable. 
     FIG. 29 shows the rollers  47  used in the tray  3   a  shown FIGS. 26-28. The rollers have raised surfaces  67  and lowered surfaces  67 . The raised and lowered surfaces of the rollers as well as any guide may also be a ridge or a rim. As the raised or lowered surfaces become narrower, i.e., become sharper, care must be taken not to cut the wet web. 
     Wipers may be made out of any flexible material, such as thermoplastic elastomers, foam, sponge, plastic, or rubber having a shore A durometer ranging about 0 to 80, from about 15 to about 70 and preferably from about 30 to about 60. It is further preferred that the wipers be made from a material that will form a good moisture and contamination barrier. Examples of preferred types of material are SANTOPRENE®, silicone, or styrene ethylene/butylenes styrene (SEBS). The wipers are designed to function with the guides and the tray and to a limited extent the lip of the cartridge. Depending on the placement of the wiper, it could have greater or lesser interaction with these components of the dispensing system. The gap between the end of the wiper and the tray may be varied depending upon the thickness of the wet wipes and how much drag is need for the dispensing system to function as desired. The wiper can help to hold the tail of the wipe in place and thus keep the tail from falling back through the gap and into the cartridge. The wiper has a Gurley stiffness test (D 6125-97) from a range of 100-8000 mg, preferably 200-6000 mg, and more preferably 400-3000 mg. The force applied to the wipe by the wiper when pulling the wipe from the dispenser should not be greater than the tensile strength of the wipe that is not perforated and not greater than the perforation tensile strength of a perforate wipe. 
     FIGS. 32 through 36 show an example of a wiper. In this example the wiper comprises a chassis  48 , and a blade  50  that has fingers  49 . In this example the fingers are designed to cooperate with the lowered surfaces  16   b  of the guides on the housing. In this example the blade is made of SANTOPRENE® and the chassis is made of polypropylene. 
     FIGS. 38 through 39 show an example of a wiper. In this example the wipe is formed of a single piece (see FIG. 38) of material that is folded over to from the wiper (see FIG.  39 ). The wiper has raised portions  51  that reduce the amount of surface area of the wiper that contacts the sheet and raised areas  53  and lowered areas  52  that cooperate with the raised and lowered areas of the guides. 
     FIGS. 40 through 41 show an example of a roller bar for toilet tissue. This example comprises a first roller housing  53 , a second roller housing  52  and a spring  54 . 
     FIGS. 42 through 45 show an example of a mounting assembly. This mounting assembly comprises slide arms  55  and  56 , housings  57  and  58 , end openings  59 , and springs  61 . The slide arms have stops  60  that cooperate with stops  73  to limit the maximum longitudinal extension of the slide arms. The mounting assembly has a third housing  74  that has tabs  63  that cooperate with openings  62  to secure the housings  57  and  58  to housing  74 . Housing  74  further has a threaded passage  64  for receipt of a screw. FIG. 44 shows the mounting assembly with the slide arms in a retracted position  55 , while FIG. 45 shows the mounting assembly with the slide arms in an extended position  55 . 
     The assembly is held in place by having the ends out the side arms positioned in holes in the object that the dispenser is to be attached for, for example the holes in a toilet paper dispenser mounted into a wall. The springs keep the slide arms extended and thus hold them in the holes. A screw is then inserted through the dispenser and the passage  64  and tightened down, forcing the end engagement surfaces  75  against the wall of the holes in the toilet tissue dispenser. 
     The mounting assembly should be made out of material that is strong enough to withstand the forces that are placed on it to hold the dispenser in place. The should have enough strength to withstand the forces that the screw will place on the treaded passage. Examples of materials that may provide these features and be used to make the mounting assembly are 15% or more glass filled Pbt, ABS or any material having similar strength properties. 
     FIGS. 46 to  50  show an example of a screw  9  that cooperates with a mounting device, such as the example shown in FIGS. 42-45. The Screw should be made of material that meets the same strength requirements as set out for the mounting assembly. In this example the screw has a thread design that requires 6 turns to move it 1 inch. Standard ACME conventional screw threads require 23 turns to move it 1 inch. This thread design provides greater ease for the user to attach the dispenser because it requires less turns of the screw to do so. In this example the screw additionally has a large head, with a grove  65  and grips  66 . The grove can fit a coin or screw driver. 
     Alternative mountings may also be employed. These mountings may be fixed or removable. They may include by way of example such fastening systems as cable ties, wing nuts, anchor bolts, click and grooves and snap and lock mechanisms. 
     FIGS. 51-53 show an example of a cartridge. In this example the cartridge has protrusions  69  on its side walls. 
     FIG. 54 shows an example of a package of cartridges. In use this package would be filled with rolls of wet wipes, one for each cartridge. The cartridges would than be sealed, by placing a totally or partially removable cover over the lips  31 . The seal is preferably moisture and bacterial resistant. The consumer would then purchase the package and remove a cartridge, open the dispenser and place the cartridge in the dispenser. The top of the cartridge can be removed either before placing the cartridge in the dispenser or after its inserted in the dispenser. The end of the roll of wet wipes is then pulled out and over the tray and guides and the cover is then closed. Thus, providing an efficient system for dispensing wet wipes.