Patent Publication Number: US-2022232148-A1

Title: Camera with meta-lens and electronic device including same

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/KR2022/000829 designating the United States, filed on Jan. 17, 2022, in the Korean Intellectual Property Receiving Office and claiming priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2021-0006913, filed on Jan. 18, 2021, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entireties. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Field 
     The disclosure relates to a camera having a meta-lens and a wearable electronic device including the camera. 
     Description of Related Art 
     As technology progresses, electronic devices are becoming smaller in size for easy portability and are evolving to perform various functions in various usage forms according to user needs. Such electronic devices include various types of wearable electronic devices that can be worn on parts of a user&#39;s body. 
     A wearable electronic device such as a glasses-type wearable electronic device or a head mounted display (HMD), may be worn directly on a user&#39;s face and may create, for example, through graphic processing, various virtual objects along with an object existing in reality, and may add the virtual objects to an image of the object existing in reality to display the virtual objects along with the object existing in reality using, for example, augmented reality (AR) technology. Glasses-type wearable devices are being implemented by mounting various electronic components including various types of sensors and displays to provide these functions. 
     In order to implement augmented reality, a glasses-type wearable electronic device may include a plurality of cameras. For example, in order to track the movement of a user&#39;s eyes, a glasses-type wearable electronic device may include cameras for capturing images of both eyes. 
     Due to the nature of glasses-type wearable electronic devices that are worn directly on a user&#39;s face, research is being conducted on ways to reduce weight and improve design aesthetics to improve wearing sensation. To this end, there is a growing need for miniaturization of various electronic components mounted on glasses-type wearable electronic devices. 
     SUMMARY 
     Embodiments of the disclosure provide a camera having a meta-lens that can be miniaturized. 
     Embodiments of the disclosure provide a wearable electronic device equipped with a camera including a meta-lens that can be miniaturized in order to track the movement of a user&#39;s eyes. 
     An electronic device according to various example embodiments disclosed herein may include a lens assembly having a stacked structure including at least one meta-lens and a spacer, and an image sensor assembly attached to one side of the lens assembly and configured to receive light passing through the lens assembly and convert the light into an optical signal. The spacer may be disposed between the image sensor assembly and the meta-lens such that a cavity is defined by an inner side surface of the spacer, a bottom surface of the meta-lens, and a top surface of the image sensor assembly. 
     An electronic device according to various example embodiments disclosed herein may include a frame including a first area and a second area, a window supported by the frame, a display module configured to project an image on the window, and a camera disposed in the second area of the frame to image at least a portion of a user&#39;s eye. The camera may include a lens assembly having a stacked structure including at least one meta-lens and a spacer, and an image sensor assembly attached to one side of the lens assembly and configured to receive light passing through the lens assembly and convert the light into an optical signal. The spacer may be disposed between the image sensor assembly and the meta-lens such that a cavity is defined by an inner side surface of the spacer, a bottom surface of the meta-lens, and a top surface of the image sensor assembly. 
     According to various example embodiments disclosed herein, a camera can be reduced in size or miniaturized by using a meta-lens. 
     According to various example embodiments disclosed herein, the camera structure can be simplified and the overall size and volume of the camera can be reduced. 
     According to various example embodiments disclosed herein, in addition to simplifying the camera structure, a camera manufacturing process can be further simplified. 
     According to various example embodiments disclosed herein, since the camera can be reduced in size or minimized, there are few restrictions on the positions at which the camera can be mounted on an electronic device. Thus, the wearing sensation of the electronic device can be improved and a design with improved aesthetics can be made. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       In connection with the description of the drawings, the same or similar components may be denoted by the same or similar reference numerals. Further, the above and other aspects, features and advantages of certain embodiments of the present disclosure will be more apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a block diagram illustrating an example electronic device in a network environment according to various embodiments; 
         FIG. 2  is a view illustrating an overall configuration of an example electronic device including a plurality of cameras according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 3A  is a view illustrating an example electronic device according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 3B  is an exploded perspective view of an example electronic device and cameras according to various embodiments. 
         FIGS. 4A and 4B  are perspective views of an example camera according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 4C  is an exploded perspective view of the example camera illustrated in  FIG. 4A   
         FIG. 4D  is a cross-sectional view of the example camera of  FIG. 4A , taken along line A-A. 
         FIGS. 4E, 4F, and 4G  are views for describing the structure of a lens assembly of the example camera illustrated in  FIG. 4A . 
         FIG. 5A  is a perspective view of an example camera according to another embodiment. 
         FIG. 5B  is a cross-sectional view of the example camera of  FIG. 5A , taken along line A-A. 
         FIGS. 5C, 5D, and 5E  are views for describing the structure of a lens assembly of the example camera illustrated in  FIG. 5A . 
         FIGS. 6A, 6B, 6C, and 6D  are views for describing a structure of a lens assembly of an example camera and a manufacturing process thereof according to various embodiments. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     It should be appreciated that various example embodiments of the disclosure and the terms used therein are not intended to limit the technological features set forth herein to particular embodiments and include various changes, equivalents, or alternatives for a corresponding embodiment. 
     With regard to the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals may be used to designate similar or relevant elements. A singular form of a noun corresponding to an item may include one or more of the items, unless the relevant context clearly indicates otherwise. 
     As used herein, each of such phrases as “A or B,” “at least one of A and B,” “at least one of A or B,” “A, B, or C,” “at least one of A, B, and C,” and “at least one of A, B, or C,” may include all possible combinations of the items enumerated together in a corresponding one of the phrases. As used herein, such terms as “a first”, “a second”, “the first”, and “the second” may be used to simply distinguish a corresponding element from another, and do not limit the elements in other aspects (e.g., importance or order). It is to be understood that if an element (e.g., a first element) is referred to, with or without the term “operatively” or “communicatively”, as “coupled with,” “coupled to,” “connected with,” or “connected to” another element (e.g., a second element), the element may be coupled/connected with/to the other element directly (e.g., wiredly), wirelessly, or via a third element. 
       FIG. 1  is a block diagram illustrating an example electronic device  101  in a network environment  100  according to various embodiments. Referring to  FIG. 1 , the electronic device  101  in the network environment  100  may communicate with an electronic device  102  via a first network  198  (e.g., a short-range wireless communication network), or at least one of an electronic device  104  or a server  108  via a second network  199  (e.g., a long-range wireless communication network). According to an embodiment, the electronic device  101  may communicate with the electronic device  104  via the server  108 . According to an embodiment, the electronic device  101  may include a processor  120 , memory  130 , an input module  150 , a sound output module  155 , a display module  160 , an audio module  170 , a sensor module  176 , an interface  177 , a connection terminal  178 , a haptic module  179 , a camera module  180 , a power management module  188 , a battery  189 , a communication module  190 , a subscriber identification module (SIM)  196 , or an antenna module  197 . In various embodiments, at least one of the components (e.g., the connection terminal  178 ) may be omitted from the electronic device  101 , or one or more other components may be added in the electronic device  101 . In various embodiments, some of the components (e.g., the sensor module  176 , the camera module  180 , or the antenna module  197 ) may be implemented as a single component (e.g., the display module  160 ). 
     The processor  120  may execute, for example, software (e.g., a program  140 ) to control at least one other component (e.g., a hardware or software component) of the electronic device  101  coupled with the processor  120 , and may perform various data processing or computation. According to an embodiment, as at least part of the data processing or computation, the processor  120  may store a command or data received from another component (e.g., the sensor module  176  or the communication module  190 ) in volatile memory  132 , process the command or the data stored in the volatile memory  132 , and store resulting data in non-volatile memory  134 . According to an embodiment, the processor  120  may include a main processor  121  (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU) or an application processor (AP)), or an auxiliary processor  123  (e.g., a graphics processing unit (GPU), a neural processing unit (NPU), an image signal processor (ISP), a sensor hub processor, or a communication processor (CP)) that is operable independently from, or in conjunction with, the main processor  121 . For example, when the electronic device  101  includes the main processor  121  and the auxiliary processor  123 , the auxiliary processor  123  may be adapted to consume less power than the main processor  121 , or to be specific to a specified function. The auxiliary processor  123  may be implemented as separate from, or as part of, the main processor  121 . 
     The auxiliary processor  123  may control at least some of functions or states related to at least one component (e.g., the display module  160 , the sensor module  176 , or the communication module  190 ) among the components of the electronic device  101 , instead of the main processor  121 , while the main processor  121  is in an inactive (e.g., sleep) state, or together with the main processor  121 , while the main processor  121  is in an active state (e.g., executing an application). According to an embodiment, the auxiliary processor  123  (e.g., an image signal processor or a communication processor) may be implemented as part of another component (e.g., the camera module  180  or the communication module  190 ) functionally related to the auxiliary processor  123 . According to an embodiment, the auxiliary processor  123  (e.g., the neural processing unit) may include a hardware structure specified for artificial intelligence model processing. An artificial intelligence model may be generated by machine learning. Such learning may be performed, e.g., by the electronic device  101  where the artificial intelligence is performed or via a separate server (e.g., the server  108 ). Learning algorithms may include, but are not limited to, e.g., supervised learning, unsupervised learning, semi-supervised learning, or reinforcement learning. The artificial intelligence model may include a plurality of artificial neural network layers. The artificial neural network may be a deep neural network (DNN), a convolutional neural network (CNN), a recurrent neural network (RNN), a restricted boltzmann machine (RBM), a deep belief network (DBN), a bidirectional recurrent deep neural network (BRDNN), deep Q-network or a combination of two or more thereof, but is not limited thereto. The artificial intelligence model may, additionally or alternatively, include a software structure other than the hardware structure. 
     The memory  130  may store various data used by at least one component (e.g., the processor  120  or the sensor module  176 ) of the electronic device  101 . The various data may include, for example, software (e.g., the program  140 ) and input data or output data for a command related thereto. The memory  130  may include the volatile memory  132  or the non-volatile memory  134 . 
     The program  140  may be stored in the memory  130  as software, and may include, for example, an operating system (OS)  142 , middleware  144 , or an application(s)  146 . 
     The input module  150  may receive a command or data to be used by another component (e.g., the processor  120 ) of the electronic device  101 , from the outside (e.g., a user) of the electronic device  101 . The input module  150  may include, for example, a microphone, a mouse, a keyboard, a key (e.g., a button), or a digital pen (e.g., a stylus pen). 
     The sound output module  155  may output sound signals to the outside of the electronic device  101 . The sound output module  155  may include, for example, a speaker or a receiver. The speaker may be used for general purposes, such as playing multimedia or playing record. The receiver may be used for receiving incoming calls. According to an embodiment, the receiver may be implemented as separate from, or as part of, the speaker. 
     The display module  160  may visually provide information to the outside (e.g., a user) of the electronic device  101 . The display module  160  may include, for example, a display, a hologram device, or a projector and control circuitry to control a corresponding one of the display, hologram device, and projector. According to an embodiment, the display module  160  may include a touch sensor adapted to detect a touch, or a pressure sensor adapted to measure the intensity of force incurred by the touch. 
     The audio module  170  may convert a sound into an electrical signal and vice versa. According to an embodiment, the audio module  170  may obtain the sound via the input module  150 , or output the sound via the sound output module  155  or a headphone of an external electronic device (e.g., an electronic device  102 ) directly (e.g., wiredly) or wirelessly coupled with the electronic device  101 . 
     The sensor module  176  may detect an operational state (e.g., power or temperature) of the electronic device  101  or an environmental state (e.g., a state of a user) external to the electronic device  101 , and then generate an electrical signal or data value corresponding to the detected state. According to an embodiment, the sensor module  176  may include, for example, a gesture sensor, a gyro sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an acceleration sensor, a grip sensor, a proximity sensor, a color sensor, an infrared (IR) sensor, a biometric sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, or an illuminance sensor. 
     The interface  177  may support one or more specified protocols to be used for the electronic device  101  to be coupled with the external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  102 ) directly (e.g., wiredly) or wirelessly. According to an embodiment, the interface  177  may include, for example, a high definition multimedia interface (HDMI), a universal serial bus (USB) interface, a secure digital (SD) card interface, or an audio interface. 
     A connection terminal  178  may include a connector via which the electronic device  101  may be physically connected with the external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  102 ). According to an embodiment, the connection terminal  178  may include, for example, a HDMI connector, a USB connector, a SD card connector, or an audio connector (e.g., a headphone connector). 
     The haptic module  179  may convert an electrical signal into a mechanical stimulus (e.g., a vibration or a movement) or electrical stimulus which may be recognized by a user via his tactile sensation or kinesthetic sensation. According to an embodiment, the haptic module  179  may include, for example, a motor, a piezoelectric element, or an electric stimulator. 
     The camera module  180  may capture a still image or moving images. According to an embodiment, the camera module  180  may include one or more lenses, image sensors, image signal processors, or flashes. 
     The power management module  188  may manage power supplied to the electronic device  101 . According to an embodiment, the power management module  188  may be implemented as at least part of, for example, a power management integrated circuit (PMIC). 
     The battery  189  may supply power to at least one component of the electronic device  101 . According to an embodiment, the battery  189  may include, for example, a primary cell which is not rechargeable, a secondary cell which is rechargeable, or a fuel cell. 
     The communication module  190  may support establishing a direct (e.g., wired) communication channel or a wireless communication channel between the electronic device  101  and the external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  102 , the electronic device  104 , or the server  108 ) and performing communication via the established communication channel. The communication module  190  may include one or more communication processors that are operable independently from the processor  120  (e.g., the application processor (AP)) and supports a direct (e.g., wired) communication or a wireless communication. According to an embodiment, the communication module  190  may include a wireless communication module  192  (e.g., a cellular communication module, a short-range wireless communication module, or a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) communication module) or a wired communication module  194  (e.g., a local area network (LAN) communication module or a power line communication (PLC) module). A corresponding one of these communication modules may communicate with the external electronic device via the first network  198  (e.g., a short-range communication network, such as Bluetooth™, wireless-fidelity (Wi-Fi) direct, or infrared data association (IrDA)) or the second network  199  (e.g., a long-range communication network, such as a legacy cellular network, a 5G network, a next-generation communication network, the Internet, or a computer network (e.g., LAN or wide area network (WAN)). These various types of communication modules may be implemented as a single component (e.g., a single chip), or may be implemented as multi components (e.g., multi chips) separate from each other. The wireless communication module  192  may identify and authenticate the electronic device  101  in a communication network, such as the first network  198  or the second network  199 , using subscriber information (e.g., international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI)) stored in the subscriber identification module  196 . 
     The wireless communication module  192  may support a 5G network, after a 4G network, and next-generation communication technology, e.g., new radio (NR) access technology. The NR access technology may support enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine type communications (mMTC), or ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC). The wireless communication module  192  may support a high-frequency band (e.g., the mmWave band) to achieve, e.g., a high data transmission rate. The wireless communication module  192  may support various technologies for securing performance on a high-frequency band, such as, e.g., beamforming, massive multiple-input and multiple-output (massive MIMO), full dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antenna, analog beam-forming, or large scale antenna. The wireless communication module  192  may support various requirements specified in the electronic device  101 , an external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  104 ), or a network system (e.g., the second network  199 ). According to an embodiment, the wireless communication module  192  may support a peak data rate (e.g., 20 Gbps or more) for implementing eMBB, loss coverage (e.g., 164 dB or less) for implementing mMTC, or U-plane latency (e.g., 0.5 ms or less for each of downlink (DL) and uplink (UL), or a round trip of lms or less) for implementing URLLC. 
     The antenna module  197  may transmit or receive a signal or power to or from the outside (e.g., the external electronic device) of the electronic device  101 . According to an embodiment, the antenna module  197  may include an antenna including a radiating element including a conductive material or a conductive pattern formed in or on a substrate (e.g., a printed circuit board (PCB)). According to an embodiment, the antenna module  197  may include a plurality of antennas (e.g., array antennas). In such a case, at least one antenna appropriate for a communication scheme used in the communication network, such as the first network  198  or the second network  199 , may be selected, for example, by the communication module  190  (e.g., the wireless communication module  192 ) from the plurality of antennas. The signal or the power may then be transmitted or received between the communication module  190  and the external electronic device via the selected at least one antenna. According to an embodiment, another component (e.g., a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC)) other than the radiating element may be additionally formed as part of the antenna module  197 . 
     According to various embodiments, the antenna module  197  may form a mmWave antenna module. According to an embodiment, the mmWave antenna module may include a printed circuit board, an RFIC disposed on a first surface (e.g., the bottom surface) of the printed circuit board, or adjacent to the first surface and capable of supporting a designated high-frequency band (e.g., the mmWave band), and a plurality of antennas (e.g., array antennas) disposed on a second surface (e.g., the top or a side surface) of the printed circuit board, or adjacent to the second surface and capable of transmitting or receiving signals of the designated high-frequency band. 
     At least some of the above-described components may be coupled mutually and communicate signals (e.g., commands or data) therebetween via an inter-peripheral communication scheme (e.g., a bus, general purpose input and output (GPIO), serial peripheral interface (SPI), or mobile industry processor interface (MIPI)). 
     According to an embodiment, commands or data may be transmitted or received between the electronic device  101  and the external electronic device  104  via the server  108  coupled with the second network  199 . Each of the electronic devices  102  or  104  may be a device of a same type as, or a different type, from the electronic device  101 . According to an embodiment, all or some of operations to be executed at the electronic device  101  may be executed at one or more of the external electronic devices  102 ,  104 , or  108 . For example, if the electronic device  101  should perform a function or a service automatically, or in response to a request from a user or another device, the electronic device  101 , instead of, or in addition to, executing the function or the service, may request the one or more external electronic devices to perform at least part of the function or the service. The one or more external electronic devices receiving the request may perform the at least part of the function or the service requested, or an additional function or an additional service related to the request, and transfer an outcome of the performing to the electronic device  101 . The electronic device  101  may provide the outcome, with or without further processing of the outcome, as at least part of a reply to the request. To that end, a cloud computing, distributed computing, mobile edge computing (MEC), or client-server computing technology may be used, for example. The electronic device  101  may provide ultra low-latency services using, e.g., distributed computing or mobile edge computing. In an embodiment, the external electronic device  104  may include an internet-of-things (IoT) device. The server  108  may be an intelligent server using machine learning and/or a neural network. According to an embodiment, the external electronic device  104  or the server  108  may be included in the second network  199 . The electronic device  101  may be applied to intelligent services (e.g., smart home, smart city, smart car, or healthcare) based on 5G communication technology or IoT-related technology. 
     The electronic device according to various embodiments may be one of various types of electronic devices. The electronic devices may include, for example, a portable communication device (e.g., a smartphone), a computer device, a portable multimedia device, a portable medical device, a camera, a wearable device, a home appliance, or the like. According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the electronic devices are not limited to those described above. 
     It should be appreciated that various embodiments of the present disclosure and the terms used therein are not intended to limit the technological features set forth herein to particular embodiments and include various changes, equivalents, or replacements for a corresponding embodiment. With regard to the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals may be used to refer to similar or related elements. It is to be understood that a singular form of a noun corresponding to an item may include one or more of the things, unless the relevant context clearly indicates otherwise. As used herein, each of such phrases as “A or B,” “at least one of A and B,” “at least one of A or B,” “A, B, or C,” “at least one of A, B, and C,” and “at least one of A, B, or C,” may include any one of, or all possible combinations of the items enumerated together in a corresponding one of the phrases. As used herein, such terms as “1 st ” and “2nd,” or “first” and “second” may be used to simply distinguish a corresponding component from another, and does not limit the components in other aspects (e.g., importance or order). It is to be understood that if an element (e.g., a first element) is referred to, with or without the term “operatively” or “communicatively”, as “coupled with,” “coupled to,” “connected with,” or “connected to” another element (e.g., a second element), the element may be coupled with the other element directly (e.g., wiredly), wirelessly, or via a third element. 
     As used in connection with various embodiments of the disclosure, the term “module” may include a unit implemented in hardware, software, or firmware, or any combination thereof, and may interchangeably be used with other terms, for example, “logic,” “logic block,” “part,” or “circuitry”. A module may be a single integral component, or a minimum unit or part thereof, adapted to perform one or more functions. For example, according to an embodiment, the module may be implemented in a form of an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). 
     Various embodiments as set forth herein may be implemented as software (e.g., the program  140 ) including one or more instructions that are stored in a storage medium (e.g., internal memory  136  or external memory  138 ) that is readable by a machine (e.g., the electronic device  101 ). For example, a processor (e.g., the processor  120 ) of the machine (e.g., the electronic device  101 ) may invoke at least one of the one or more instructions stored in the storage medium, and execute it, with or without using one or more other components under the control of the processor. This allows the machine to be operated to perform at least one function according to the at least one instruction invoked. The one or more instructions may include a code generated by a complier or a code executable by an interpreter. The machine-readable storage medium may be provided in the form of a non-transitory storage medium. Wherein, the “non-transitory” storage medium is a tangible device, and may not include a signal (e.g., an electromagnetic wave), but this term does not differentiate between where data is semi-permanently stored in the storage medium and where the data is temporarily stored in the storage medium. 
     According to an embodiment, a method according to various embodiments of the disclosure may be included and provided in a computer program product. The computer program product may be traded as a product between a seller and a buyer. The computer program product may be distributed in the form of a machine-readable storage medium (e.g., compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM)), or be distributed (e.g., downloaded or uploaded) online via an application store (e.g., PlayStore™), or between two user devices (e.g., smart phones) directly. If distributed online, at least part of the computer program product may be temporarily generated or at least temporarily stored in the machine-readable storage medium, such as memory of the manufacturer&#39;s server, a server of the application store, or a relay server. 
     According to various embodiments, each component (e.g., a module or a program) of the above-described components may include a single entity or multiple entities, and some of the multiple entities may be separately disposed in different components. According to various embodiments, one or more of the above-described components may be omitted, or one or more other components may be added. Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of components (e.g., modules or programs) may be integrated into a single component. In such a case, according to various embodiments, the integrated component may still perform one or more functions of each of the plurality of components in the same or similar manner as they are performed by a corresponding one of the plurality of components before the integration. According to various embodiments, operations performed by the module, the program, or another component may be carried out sequentially, in parallel, repeatedly, or heuristically, or one or more of the operations may be executed in a different order or omitted, or one or more other operations may be added. 
       FIG. 2  is a view illustrating an overall configuration of an example electronic device  200  (e.g., the electronic device  101  in  FIG. 1 ) including a plurality of cameras according to various embodiments of the disclosure. 
     In various embodiments, the electronic device  200  may be a wearable electronic device manufactured to be worn on a user&#39;s head. For example, the electronic device  200  may be configured in the form of at least one of glasses, goggles, a helmet, or a hat, but is not limited thereto. According to an embodiment, the electronic device  200  may include a plurality of displays (e.g., the first display  220  and/or the second display  230 ) corresponding to both eyes (e.g., the left and/or right eyes) of the user. The displays  220  and  230  may, for example, be transparent to allow a user to see real objects (reality) and virtual objects may be projected or displayed thereon. 
     The electronic device  200  may, for example, provide an image related to an augmented reality (AR) service to the user. According to an embodiment, the electronic device  200  may cause at least one virtual object to be seen as being superimposed on the reality perceived by the user through the first display  220  and/or the second display  230  of the electronic device by projecting or displaying the virtual object on the first display  220  and/or the second display  230 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 2 , the electronic device  200  according to an embodiment may include a main body  223 , support parts (or supports) (e.g., a first support part  221  and a second support part  222 ), and hinge parts (or hinges) (e.g., a first hinge part  240 - 1  and a second hinge part  240 - 2 ). 
     According to various embodiments, the main body  223  and the support parts  221  and  222  may be operatively connected to each other via the hinge parts  240 - 1  and  240 - 2 . The main body  223  may include a portion provided to be at least partially mounted on the user&#39;s nose. 
     According to various embodiments, the support parts  221  and  222  may include support members having a shape that can be put over the user&#39;s ears, respectively. The support parts  221  and  222  may include a first support part  221  for mounting on the left ear and/or a second support part  222  for mounting on the right ear. 
     According to various embodiments, the first hinge part  240 - 1  may connect the first support part  221  and the main body  223  to each other such that the first support part  221  is rotatable with respect to the main body  223 . The second hinge part  240 - 2  may connect the second support part  222  and the main body  223  to each other such that the second support part  222  is rotatable with respect to the main body  223 . According to an embodiment, the hinge parts  240 - 1  and  240 - 2  of the electronic device  200  may be omitted. For example, the support parts  221  and  222  may be directly connected to the main body  223 . 
     According to various embodiments, the main body  223  may include at least one display (e.g., a first display  220  and a second display  230 ), at least one display module (e.g., a first display module  214 - 1  and a second display module  214 - 2 ), at least one camera module (e.g., a front imaging camera module  213 ), eye tracking camera modules (e.g., a first eye tracking camera module  212 - 1  and a second eye tracking camera module  212 - 2 ), recognition camera modules (e.g., a first recognition camera module  211 - 1  and a second recognition camera module  211 - 2 ), and at least one microphone (e.g., a first microphone  241 - 1  and a second microphone  241 - 2 ). 
     In the case of the electronic device  200  illustrated in  FIG. 2 , light generated by the display modules  214 - 1  and  214 - 2  may be projected on the displays  220  and  230  to display information. For example, the light generated by the first display module  214 - 1  may be projected on the first display  220 , and the light generated by the second display module  214 - 2  may be projected on the second display  230 . When light capable of displaying a virtual object is projected on the displays  220  and  230  at least partially formed of a transparent material, the user may perceive reality on which the virtual object is superimposed. In this case, it can be understood that the display module  160  described with reference to  FIG. 1  includes at least some of the display modules  214 - 1  and  214 - 2  and the displays  220  and  230  in the electronic device  200  illustrated in  FIG. 2 . However, the electronic device described in the disclosure is not limited to displaying information through the above-described method. A display module that may be included in the electronic device may be changed to a display module including various types of information display methods. For example, when a display panel including a light-emitting element made of a transparent material is built in the displays  220  and  230  themselves, it is possible to display information without separate display modules (e.g., the first display module  214 - 1  and the second display module  214 - 2 ). In this case, the display module  160  described with reference to  FIG. 1  may refer to the displays  220  and  230  and a display panel included in the glasses. 
     According to various embodiments, the virtual object output through the display modules  214 - 1  and  214 - 2  may include information related to an application program executed in the electronic device  200  and/or information related to an external object located in a real space and perceived by the user through the displays  220  and  230 . The external object may include an object existing in the real space. Hereinafter, the actual space perceived by the user through the displays  220  and  230  will be referred to as a field of view (FoV) area of the user. For example, the electronic device  200  may identify an external object included in at least a portion of the area determined by the user&#39;s field of view (FoV) from the image information related to the real space acquired through the camera module (e.g., the imaging camera module  213 ) of the electronic device  200 . The electronic device  200  may output a virtual object related to the identified external object through the display modules  214 - 1  and  214 - 2 . 
     According to various embodiments, the electronic device  200  may display a virtual object related to an augmented reality service based on image information related to a real space acquired through the imaging camera module  213  of the electronic device  200 . According to an embodiment, the electronic device  200  may display a virtual object based on the display modules disposed to correspond to the user&#39;s both eyes (e.g., the first display module  214 - 1  corresponding to the left eye and/or the second display module corresponding to the right eye  214 - 2 ). According to an embodiment, the electronic device  200  may display a virtual object based on preset setting information (e.g., resolution, frame rate, brightness, and/or display area). 
     According to various embodiments, the displays  220  and  230  may include a condensing lens (not illustrated) and/or a waveguide (e.g., the first waveguide  220 - 1  and/or the second waveguide  230 - 1 ). For example, the first waveguide  220 - 1  may be at least partially located on the first display  220 , and the second waveguide  230 - 1  may be at least partially located on the second display  230 . Light emitted from each of the display modules  214 - 1  and  214 - 2  may be incident on one surface of each of the displays  220  and  230 . The light incident on one surface of each of the displays  220  and  230  may be transmitted to the user through each of the waveguides  220 - 1  and  230 - 1  located in each of the displays  220  and  230 . Each of the waveguides  220 - 1  and  230 - 1  may be made of, for example, glass, plastic, or polymer, and may include a nanopattern formed on one surface of the inside or outside thereof. For example, the nanopattern may include a polygonal or curved grating structure. According to an embodiment, light incident on one surface of each of the displays  220  and  230  may be propagated or reflected inside each of the waveguides  220 - 1  and  230 - 1  by the nano-pattern to be transmitted to the user. According to an embodiment, each of the waveguides  220 - 1  and  230 - 1  may include at least one of at least one diffractive element (e.g., a diffractive optical element (DOE) or holographic optical element (HOE)) or a reflective element (e.g., a reflective mirror). According to an embodiment, the waveguides  220 - 1  and  230 - 1  may guide the light emitted from the display modules  214 - 1  and  214 - 2  to the user&#39;s eyes using at least one diffractive element or a reflective element. 
     According to various embodiments, the electronic device  200  may include an imaging camera module  213  (e.g., an RGB camera module) for capturing an image corresponding to the user&#39;s field of view (FoV) and/or for measuring a distance to an object, eye tracking camera modules  212 - 1  and  212 - 2  for identifying the direction of the user&#39;s gaze, and/or recognition camera modules (gesture camera modules)  211 - 1  and  211 - 2  for recognizing a predetermined space. For example, the imaging camera module  213  may image the front direction of the electronic device  200 , and the eye tracking camera modules  212 - 1  and  212 - 2  may image a direction opposite to the imaging direction of the imaging camera module  213 . For example, the first eye tracking camera module  212 - 1  may image at least part of the user&#39;s left eye, and the second eye tracking camera module  212 - 2  may image at least part of the user&#39;s right eye. According to an embodiment, the imaging camera module  213  may include a high-resolution (HR) camera module and/or a photo video (PV) camera module. According to an embodiment, the eye tracking camera modules  212 - 1  and  212 - 2  may detect the user&#39;s pupils to track the gaze direction. The tracked gaze direction may be used to move a center of a virtual image including a virtual object to correspond to the gaze direction. According to an embodiment, the recognition camera modules  211 - 1  and  211 - 2  may detect a user gesture within a preset distance (e.g., a predetermined space) and/or the predetermined space. Each of the recognition camera modules  211 - 1  and  211 - 2  may include a camera module including a global shutter (GS). For example, the recognition camera modules  211 - 1  and  211  may be camera modules each of which includes a GS in which a rolling shutter (RS) phenomenon can be reduced in order to detect and track quick hand movements and/or minute or small movements of a finger or the like. 
     According to various embodiments, the electronic device  200  may detect an eye corresponding to a dominant eye and/or an auxiliary eye from among the left eye and/or the right eye using at least one camera module  211 - 1 ,  211 - 2 ,  212 - 1 ,  212 - 2 , or  213 . For example, the electronic device  200  may detect an eye corresponding to the dominant eye and/or the auxiliary eye based on the user&#39;s gaze direction with respect to an external object or a virtual object. 
     The number and positions of one or more camera modules (e.g., the imaging camera module  213 , and the eye tracking camera modules  212 - 1  and  212 - 2  and/or the recognition camera modules  211 - 1  and  211 - 2 ) included in the electronic device  200  illustrated in  FIG. 2  are not limited. For example, based on the type (e.g., shape or size) of the electronic device  200 , the number and positions of one or more camera modules (e.g., the imaging camera module  213  and the eye tracking camera modules  212 - 1  and  212 - 2  and/or the recognition camera modules  211 - 1  and  211 - 2 ) may be variously changed. 
     According to various embodiments, the electronic device  200  may include one or more light-emitting devices (illumination LEDs) (e.g., the first light-emitting device  242 - 1  and the second light-emitting device  242 - 2 ) for improving the accuracy of the one or more camera modules (e.g., the imaging camera module  213  and the eye tracking camera modules  212 - 1  and  212 - 2  and/or the recognition camera modules  211 - 1  and  211 - 2 ). For example, the first light emitting device  242 - 1  may be disposed in a portion corresponding to the user&#39;s left eye, and the second light-emitting device  242 - 2  may be disposed in a portion corresponding to the user&#39;s right eye. In an embodiment, the light-emitting devices  242 - 1  and  242 - 2  may be used as auxiliary means (devices) for improving accuracy when imaging the user&#39;s pupils with the eye tracking camera modules  212 - 1  and  212 - 2 , and may include IR LEDs that generate light having an infrared wavelength. In addition, when it is not easy to detect a subject to be imaged in a dark environment or due to mixing and reflected light of various light sources when imaging the user&#39;s gesture using the recognition camera modules  211 - 1  and  211 - 2 , the light-emitting devices  242 - 1  and  242 - 2  may be used as auxiliary means. 
     According to various embodiments, the electronic device  101  may include a microphone (e.g., a first microphone  241 - 1  and a second microphone  241 - 2 ) for receiving the user&#39;s voice and ambient sounds. For example, the microphones  241 - 1  and  241 - 2  may be components included in the audio module  170  of  FIG. 1 . 
     According to various embodiments, the first support  221  and/or the second support  222  may include printed circuit boards (PCBs) (e.g., a first printed circuit board  231 - 1  and a second printed circuit board  231 - 2 ), speakers (e.g., a first speaker  232 - 1  and a second speaker  232 - 2 ), and/or batteries (e.g., a first battery  233 - 1  and a second battery  233 - 2 ). 
     According to various embodiments, the speakers  232 - 1  and  232 - 2  may include a first speaker  232 - 1  for transmitting an audio signal to the user&#39;s left ear and a second speaker  232 - 2  for transmitting an audio signal to the user&#39;s right ear. The speakers  232 - 1  and  232 - 2  may be components included in the audio module  170  of  FIG. 1 . 
     According to various embodiments, the electronic device  200  may be provided with a plurality of batteries  233 - 1  and  233 - 2 , and, via a power management module (e.g., the power management module  188  in  FIG. 1 ), power may be supplied to the printed circuit boards  231 - 1  and  231 - 2 . For example, the plurality of batteries  233 - 1  and  233 - 2  may be electrically connected to the power management module (e.g., the power management module  188  in  FIG. 1 ). 
     Although the electronic device  200  is described as a device that displays augmented reality, the electronic device  200  may be a device that displays virtual reality (VR). In this case, the displays  220  and  230  may be formed of an opaque material such that the user cannot recognize the actual space through the displays  220  and  230 . In addition, the displays  220  and  230  may function as a display module  160 . For example, each of the displays  220  and  230  may include a display panel for displaying information. 
       FIG. 3A  is a view illustrating an example electronic device according to various embodiments disclosed herein.  FIG. 3B  is an exploded perspective view of an example electronic device and cameras according to various embodiments disclosed herein. 
     According to various embodiments, the electronic device  300  may include a frame  310  (e.g., the main body  223  in  FIG. 2 ), a window member (or window)  330  (e.g., the first display  220  and the second display  230  in  FIG. 2 ), a temple (or support) member  320  (e.g., the first support  221  and the second support  222  in  FIG. 2 ), a display module (not illustrated) (e.g., the display module  160  in  FIG. 1 ), a camera  340  (e.g., the eye tracking cameras  212 - 1  and  212 - 2  in  FIG. 2 ), a light-emitting device (not illustrated) (e.g., the light-emitting devices  242 - 1  and  242 - 2  in  FIG. 2 ), and a processor (not illustrated) (e.g., the processor  120  in  FIG. 1 ). In an embodiment, the window member  330 , the temple member  320 , the display module, the cameras  340 , and the light-emitting device may be provided in pairs to correspond to the user&#39;s left eye and right eye. For example, the window member  330  may include a first window member  330 - 1  and a second window member  330 - 2 , and the temple member  320  may include the first temple member  320 - 1  and a second temple member  320 - 2 , and the camera  340  may include a first camera  340 - 1  and a second camera  340 - 2 . In some cases, in some of the above-described components, a configuration corresponding to the left eye and a configuration corresponding to the right eye may be different from each other. 
     According to various embodiments, the frame  310  may support the window member  330 . The frame  310  may be formed of or include a synthetic resin material. Since the window member  330  is fitted into the opening formed in the frame  310 , the frame  310  may support the window member  330 . 
     According to various embodiments, the temple member  320  may be rotatably connected to the frame  310 . The temple member  320  may include a first temple member  320 - 1  and a second temple member  320 - 2 . The first temple member  320 - 1  may be connected to the frame  310  on the left side of the frame  310  (e.g., the −X direction of  FIG. 3A ), and the second temple member  320 - 2  may be connected to the frame  310  on the right side of the frame  310  (e.g., in the +X direction of  FIG. 3A ). In an embodiment, the temple member  320  may be fixedly installed on the frame. For example, the first temple member  320 - 1  connected to the left side of the frame  310  and the second temple member  320 - 2  connected to the right side of the frame  310  may be connected to each other. The temple members connected to opposite sides of the frame  310  may form a ring shape and may be worn in a manner of being fitted on the user&#39;s head. In addition, the temple member  320  may be modified in various shapes that enable the electronic device  300  to be worn on the user&#39;s face. 
     According to various embodiments, as illustrated in  FIG. 3A , the temple member  320  may be configured to be put over the user&#39;s ears. The electronic device  300  may be worn on the user&#39;s face in such a way that the temple member  320  connected to the frame  310  is put over the user&#39;s ears. The temple member  320  may rotate relative to the frame  310 . The temple member  320  may be rotated in a direction approaching the frame  310  to reduce the volume (size) of the electronic device  300 . 
     According to various embodiments, the window member  330  may include a first window member  330 - 1  corresponding to the user&#39;s left eye and a second window member  330 - 2  corresponding to the user&#39;s right eye. The window member  330  may be supported by the frame  310 . For example, the window member  330  may be fitted into an opening formed in the frame  310 . An AR image emitted from the display module may be projected on the window member  330 . A waveguide (e.g., the first waveguide  220 - 1  and/or the second waveguide  230 - 1  of  FIG. 2 ) may be formed in at least a partial area of the window member  330 . The waveguide may guide the AR image emitted from the display module to the user&#39;s eyes. For a detailed description of the waveguide, refer to the description related to the first display  220  and the second display  230  of  FIG. 2 . 
     According to various embodiments, the display module may output an AR image generated by the processor. When the display module generates an AR image and projects the AR image on the window member  330 , an object included in the AR image is combined with the visible light L incident from the front (e.g., the −Y direction in  FIG. 3B ) through the window member  330  so that AR can be implemented. The display module may be a projector having a very small size (e.g., a micro projector or a pico-projector). For example, the display module may be a laser scanning display (LSD), a digital micro-minor display (DMD), and a liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS). In addition, the display module may be a transparent display. In this case, the light-emitting device included in the display module may be directly disposed on the window member  330 . In addition, the display module may be various display devices for implementing AR. 
     According to various embodiments, the camera  340  may include a first camera  340 - 1  corresponding to the user&#39;s left eye and a second camera  340 - 2  corresponding to the user&#39;s right eye. The camera  340  may be a camera  340  for imaging the user&#39;s eyes. The camera  340  may be, for example, the eye tracking cameras  212 - 1  and  212 - 2  of  FIG. 2 . The camera  340  may be used to identify the movement of the user&#39;s pupils by imaging the user&#39;s eyes in real time. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 3A , when the frame  310  is divided into a first area  310 A and a second area  310 B, the camera  340  may be disposed in the second area  310 B of the frame  310 . The second area  310 B of the frame  310  may be an area adjacent to the user&#39;s nose in a state in which the electronic device  300  is worn. For example, as illustrated in  FIG. 3A , an area extending in a first direction (e.g., the −Z direction in  FIG. 3A ) with reference to an imaginary line L crossing the frame  310  may be understood as the second area  310 B. Alternatively, the second area  310 B may be understood as an area located below the user&#39;s gaze direction gazing at the front. The camera  340  disposed in the second area  310 B of the frame  310  may image the user&#39;s eyes from below the user&#39;s eyes. The first area  310 A of the frame  310  may mean the remaining area of the frame  310  excluding the second area  310 B. For example, as illustrated in  FIG. 3A , an area extending in a second direction (e.g., the +Z direction in  FIG. 3A ) with reference to an imaginary line L crossing the frame  310  may be understood as the first area  310 A. 
     According to various embodiments, the camera  340  may be inserted into a camera hole  351  provided in an abutment  350  existing in the second area  310 B of the frame  310 . There may be provided a pair of abutments  350  to be in contact with the user&#39;s nose in the state in which the electronic device  300  is worn. The abutment  350  may include a first abutment  350 - 1  located on the left side (e.g., the −X direction in  FIG. 3A ) with reference to the center of the frame  310  and a second abutment  350 - 2  located on the right side (e.g., the +X direction in  FIG. 3A ) with reference to the center of the frame  310 . The abutment  350  may allow the frame  310  to be supported by the user&#39;s nose. In an embodiment, the abutment  350  may be integrated with the frame  310  as illustrated in  FIG. 3A . In an embodiment, the abutment  350  may be configured separately from the frame  310  and coupled to the frame  310 . The camera hole  351  may be a hole provided in the abutment  350 . The camera hole  351  may include a first camera hole  351 - 1  provided in the first abutment  350 - 1  and a second camera hole  351 - 2  provided in the second abutment  350 - 2 . The camera hole  351  may be provided to be inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the frame  310  such that the camera  340  disposed in the second area  310 B of the frame  310  may face the user&#39;s eyes. When the camera  340  is disposed by being inserted into the camera hole  351  provided to be inclined with respect to the frame  310 , the camera  340  may face the user&#39;s eyes. 
     According to various embodiments, the camera  340  may be inserted into the camera hole  351  provided in the abutment  350  at the front of the electronic device (e.g., the −Y direction in  FIG. 3B ). A first camera  340 - 1  may be inserted into the first camera hole  351 - 1 , and a second camera  340 - 2  may be inserted into the second camera hole  351 - 2 . In an embodiment, the first camera hole  351 - 1  may be provided in the first abutment  350 - 1  or in the frame  310  at a portion adjacent to the first abutment  350 - 1 . The second camera hole  351 - 2  may be provided in the second abutment  350 - 2  or in the frame  310  at a portion adjacent to the second abutment  350 - 2 . 
     According to various embodiments, the electronic device  300  may include an element for fixing the camera  340  such that the camera  340  does not move in the camera hole  351 . In an embodiment, as illustrated in  FIG. 3B , a camera cover  352  and a buffer member (or buffer)  353  may be inserted into the camera hole  351  together with the camera  340 . The camera cover  352  may include a first camera cover  352 - 1  inserted into the first camera hole  351 - 1  and a second camera cover  352 - 2  inserted into the second camera hole  351 - 2 . The buffer member  353  may include a first buffer member  353 - 1  inserted into the first camera hole  351 - 1  and a second buffer cover  353 - 2  inserted into the second camera hole  351 - 2 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 3B , the camera cover  352 , the camera  340 , and the buffer member  353  may be inserted into the camera hole  351  in that order. In an embodiment, the camera cover  352 , the buffer member  353 , and the camera  340  may be inserted into the camera hole  351  in that order, and when a plurality of buffer members  353  are used, the camera cover  352 , the buffer member  353 , the camera  340 , and the buffer member  353  may be inserted into the camera hole  351  in that order. 
     According to various embodiments, the camera cover  352  may have a shape naturally connected to the external shape of the abutment  350  or the external shape of the frame  310  in the state of being inserted into the camera hole  351 . At least a portion of the camera cover  352  (particularly, a portion visible to the outside in the state of being inserted into the camera hole  351 ) may be formed of the same material as the abutment  350  and/or the frame  310 . For this reason, in a state in which the camera cover  352  is inserted, the portion in which the camera hole  351  is provided may not have a different texture from other portions. 
     According to various embodiments, the buffer member  353  may be formed of an elastically deformable material. When the camera cover  352  and the camera  340  are pressed in the state in which the camera cover  352  is inserted into the camera hole  351 , the buffer member  353  may be partially deformed and support the camera  340  disposed in the camera hole  351 . 
     In the case of the camera  340  described below, in order to implement a compact camera  340 , a separate housing for protecting the main components of the camera  340  (e.g., an image sensor (e.g., the image sensor  342  in  FIG. 4A ) and a substrate (e.g., the substrate  341  in  FIG. 4A )) may not be provided. Since the camera  340  is inserted into the camera hole  351 , the camera hole  351  may become a housing that protects the main components of the camera  340 . For example, the camera hole  351  in which the camera  340  is located corresponds to the shape of the camera  340 , and when viewed from the front of the electronic device (e.g., in the −Y direction in  FIG. 3B ), the camera hole  351  may have a narrowing shape.  FIGS. 4A and 4B  are perspective views of an example camera according to an embodiment disclosed herein.  FIG. 4C  is an exploded perspective view of the example camera illustrated in  FIG. 4A .  FIG. 4D  is a cross-sectional view of the example camera of  FIG. 4A , taken along line A-A.  FIGS. 4E, 4F, and 4G  are views for describing the structure of the lens assembly of the camera illustrated in  FIG. 4A . 
     According to various embodiments, as illustrated in  FIGS. 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D , the camera  340  may include an image sensor assembly  348  including a substrate  341 , an image sensor  342 , a first adhesive layer  343 , and a protective glass  344 , and a lens assembly  349  including a meta-lens  346  and a spacer member (or spacer)  345 . For example, the image sensor assembly  348  and the lens assembly  349  may be bonded to each other by the second adhesive layer  347 . See, e.g.,  FIGS. 4C and 4D . The above-mentioned configuration of the camera  340  is merely an example, and the components included in the camera  340  disclosed herein are not limited to the above configurations. 
     According to various embodiments, the substrate  341  may be, for example, a printed circuit board (PCB). The substrate  341  may be electrically connected to a substrate on which a processor is disposed such that image information generated by the image sensor  342  of the camera  340  can be transmitted to the processor (e.g., the processor  120  in  FIG. 1 ) of the electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  101  of  FIG. 1 ). For example, the substrate  341  of the camera  340  and the substrate on which the processor is disposed may be electrically connected to each other via a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB). In an embodiment, the processor may be disposed on a printed circuit board (e.g., the first printed circuit board  231 - 1  or the second printed circuit board  232 - 2  in  FIG. 2 ) built in a temple member (e.g., the first support  221  or the second support  222  of  FIG. 2 ). A first connection member or connector (e.g., a flexible printed circuit board) (not illustrated) disposed inside the frame  310  and extending to the camera hole  351  into which the camera  340  is inserted and a second connection member or connector (e.g., a flexible printed circuit board) (not illustrated) connected to a printed circuit board built in the temple member  320  may be connected to each other. According to an embodiment, the first connection member may be a transparent electrode and may be located on the displays (e.g., the first display  220  and the second display  230  of  FIG. 2 ). By electrically connecting the camera  340  inserted into the camera hole  351  to the first connection member, and connecting the first connection member to the second connection member, the camera  340  can be electrically connected to the printed circuit board on which the processor is disposed. 
     According to various embodiments, the image sensor  342  may include a photoelectric device that converts light into an electrical signal. For example, the photoelectric device included in the image sensor  342  may be a charged coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS). The image sensor  342  may be disposed on the substrate  341  to be electrically connected to the substrate  341 . 
     According to various embodiments, the area of the substrate  341  may be substantially equal to the area of the image sensor  342 . In an embodiment, the area of the substrate  341  may be equal to or smaller than the area of the image sensor  342 . Since the camera  340  disclosed herein can be protected by the frame  310  or the abutment  350  of the electronic device  300  by being inserted into the camera hole  351 , a separate housing for protecting the camera  340  may not be required. Accordingly, a free space for disposing the housing around the substrate  341  may not be required. 
     According to various embodiments, a protective glass  344  may be disposed on the image sensor  342 . The protective glass  344  may be disposed on the image sensor  342  to protect the image sensor  342 . The image sensor  342  and the protective glass  344  may be bonded to each other by the first adhesive layer  343  disposed along the edges of the image sensor  342 . 
     According to various embodiments, the lens assembly  349  may include a meta-lens  346  and a spacer member  345 . Referring to  FIGS. 4E, 4F, and 4G , the spacer member  345  may include therein a cavity  345   d  to have a structure that provides an optical path through which light incident on the meta-lens  346  passes to enter the image sensor  342 . For example, the spacer member  345  may include an inner side surface  345   a  defining the cavity  345   d  therein. For example, the inner side surface  345   a  of the spacer member  345  defines the cavity  345   d  together with the bottom surface of the meta-lens  346  and the top surface of the image sensor  342  (the top surface of the protective glass  344 ). For example, the inner side surface  345   a  of the spacer member  345  may be subjected to matte treatment to minimize internal reflection of light passing through the cavity  345   d.  For example, the inner side surface  345   a  of the spacer member  345  may have a through-type cylindrical shape. For example, the inner side surface  345   a  of the spacer member  345  may have a circular cross section, and the diameter thereof may be substantially equal to or larger than the effective diameter  346   a  of the meta-lens  346 . For example, the diameter of the inner side surface  345   a  of the spacer member  345  may be configured to be 0.1 mm larger than the effective diameter  346   a  of the meta-lens  346 . For example, the spacer member  345  may be made by processing a glass wafer. 
     According to various embodiments, the spacer member  345  may be configured such that the outer side surface  345   b  thereof is substantially flush with the outer side surface  346   b  of the meta-lens  346 . 
     According to various embodiments, the lens assembly  349  may have a cross section that is at least smaller than the cross section of the image sensor assembly  348  such that the lens assembly is located within the effective detection area of the image sensor assembly  348 . Accordingly, for example, when the camera  340  is disposed in the groove  351  of  FIG. 3B , the buffer member  353  may be inserted to be disposed between the outer side surface of the lens assembly  349  and the top surface of the image sensor assembly  348  to prevent the camera  340  from moving. 
     According to various embodiments, a light blocking agent (e.g., black paint) may be applied to at least a part of the outer side surface  345   b  of the spacer member  345 , the outer side surface  346   b  of the meta-lens  346 , and the top surface of the protective glass  344  (e.g., outside of the area to which the spacer member  345  is attached) in order to block external light. 
     According to various embodiments, the lens assembly  349  including the meta-lens  346  and the spacer member  345  may be disposed on the protective glass  344 . For example, the protective glass  344  and the lens assembly  349  may be bonded to each other by the second adhesive layer  347  disposed along the edges of the spacer member  345 . In this case, the protective glass  344  and the lens assembly  349  may be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined interval. This interval may be utilized to compensate for a difference between cameras  340  in the manufacturing process of the cameras  340  so that the cameras  340  can generate image information having a predetermined quality at the time of assembling the cameras  340 . Such a difference may be caused by various factors (e.g., an assembly tolerance, a specification error of the image sensor  342 , or the like). For example, the difference may occur due to minute changes in optical design factors such as thickness, interval, and eccentricity of lens layers constituting the meta-lens  346 . In order for the camera  340  disclosed herein to be disposed in an electronic device to image the user&#39;s eyes with a predetermined quality, it is necessary to compensate for this difference. When an interval is provided between the protective glass  344  and the lens assembly  349  and the interval is applied differently for each camera  340  when assembling the camera  340 , it is possible to compensate for the difference between cameras  340  in the process of assembling the cameras  340 . In an embodiment, the second adhesive layer  347  disposed between the protective glass  344  and the lens assembly  349  may be formed of a light or heat curable material. The second adhesive layer  347  may have a certain level of fluidity before being cured. The position of the lens assembly  349  may be adjusted with respect to the protective glass  344  (e.g., adjusted through rotation about the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis of  FIG. 4B ) to compensate for the error of the camera  340 . When the position of the lens assembly  349  with respect to the protective glass  344  is aligned, the second adhesive layer  347  may be cured using light or heat. 
       FIG. 5A  is a perspective view of an example camera according to an embodiment disclosed herein.  FIG. 5B  is a cross-sectional view of the example camera of  FIG. 5A , taken along line A-A.  FIGS. 5C, 5D, and 5E  are views for describing the structure of the lens assembly of the example camera illustrated in FIG.  5 A. 
     According to various embodiments, as illustrated in  FIGS. 5A and 5B , the camera  340  may include a sensor assembly  348  including a substrate  341 , an image sensor  342 , a first adhesive layer  343 , and a protective glass  344 , and a lens assembly  349  including a meta-lens  346  and a spacer member  345 . For example, the sensor assembly  348  and the lens assembly  349  may be bonded to each other by the second adhesive layer  347 . The above-mentioned configuration of the camera  340  is merely an example, and the components included in the camera  340  disclosed herein are not limited to the above configurations. Hereinafter, a description of a configuration the same as or similar to a configuration described with reference to  FIGS. 4A to 4F  will not be repeated. 
     According to various embodiments, referring to  FIG. 5B , the spacer member  345  attached to the meta-lens  346  of the lens assembly  349  may include a protrusion  345   c  provided in a portion of the surface thereof, which is attached to the sensor assembly  348 , opposite to the surface to which the meta-lens  346  is attached. 
     According to various embodiments, referring to  FIGS. 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, and 5E , the spacer member  345  may include a first area  345 - 3  including an inner side surface  345   a  configured in a cylindrical shape to define therein a through-type cavity  345   d  and an outer side surface  345   b  configured to be substantially flush with the outer side surface  346   b  of the meta-lens  346 , and may include a top surface  345   e  attached to the meta-lens  346  as illustrated in  FIG. 5C  and a bottom surface  345   f  attached to the sensor assembly  348  as illustrated in  FIG. 5D . The spacer member  345  may include the protrusion  345   c  in the second area  345 - 4 , and the protrusion  345   c  provided in the second area may be configured in a cylindrical shape on the bottom surface  345   f  of the spacer member  345  along the cylindrical shape of the inner side surface  345   a.    
     Referring to  FIG. 5E , according to various embodiments, the outer side surface (B in  FIG. 5E ) of the protrusion  345   c  in the second area  345 - 4  of the spacer member  345  may be configured to provide a step inwardly recessed from the outer side surface  345   b  of the spacer member  345 . For example, at the time of bonding the second sensor assembly  348  and the lens assembly  349  to each other, when an adhesive is applied along the outer side surface of the spacer member in order to form the second adhesive layer  347  and has a certain level of fluidity before being cured, the step provide by the outer side surface B of the protrusion  345   a  can reduce or prevent the adhesive from flowing toward the inner side surface  345   a  of the spacer member  345  into the optical path of the meta-lens  346 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 5E , according to various embodiments, the inner side surface (A of  FIG. 5E ) of the second area  345 - 4  in which the protrusion  345   c  of the spacer member  345  is provided may be flush with or may be recessed from the inner side surface of the first area  345 - 3  of the spacer member  345 . Thus, the inner diameter  345 - 2  of the protrusion  345   c  may be equal to or greater than the inner diameter of the main body of the spacer member  345 . For example, since the diameter  345 - 2  of the inner side surface A of the protrusion  345   c  is configured to be equal to or greater than the diameter  345 - 1  of the inner side surface  345   a  of the spacer member  345 , effects on the optical path of light passing through the meta-lens  346  and spacer member  345  and incident to sensor assembly  348  may be reduced or eliminated. 
       FIGS. 6A, 6B, 6C, and 6D  are views for describing a structure of an example lens assembly of a camera and a manufacturing process thereof according to various embodiments disclosed herein. 
     According to various embodiments, referring to  FIG. 6A , the lens assembly  600  (e.g., the lens assembly  349  in  FIGS. 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D, 4E, 4F, 4G, 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, and 5E ) may have a structure in which an array of multiple meta-lenses (e.g., a first meta-lens  601 , a second meta-lens  602 , and a third meta-lens  603 ) are stacked, a cover glass  604  is attached to the top surface of the array, and a spacer member  605  (e.g., the spacer member  345  in  FIGS. 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D, 4E, 4F, 4G, 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, and 5E ) is attached to the bottom surface of the array. Here, an example in which the lens assembly  600  includes three meta-lenses has been described, but the disclosure is not limited in this respect. The lens assembly  600  according to various embodiments may be configured by stacking various numbers of meta-lenses. 
     According to various embodiments, the first meta-lens  601 , the second meta-lens  602 , and the third meta-lens  603  may have respective planar polarization-insensitive meta-surfaces (e.g., a first meta-surface  601   a,  a second meta-surface  602   a , and a third meta-surface  603   a ). 
     According to various embodiments, the first meta-surface  601   a,  the second meta-surface  602   a,  and the third meta-surface  603   a  of the first meta lens  610 , the second meta lens  602 , and the third meta lens  603  may be formed on respective substrates (e.g., the first substrate  601   b,  the second substrate  602   b,  and the third substrate  603   c ). 
     Referring to  FIG. 6B , in order to manufacture the lens assembly  600  of  FIG. 6A , each of the first meta-lens  601 , the second meta-lens  602 , and the third meta-lens  603  may be prepared. 
     According to various embodiments, the first meta-lens  601 , the second meta-lens  602 , and the third meta-lens  603  may be formed by attaching the first meta-surface  601   a,  the second meta-surface  602   a,  and the third meta-surface  603   a  to the first substrate  601   b,  the second substrate  602   b,  and the third substrate  603   b,  respectively. For example, the substrate may be made of silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), but the material of the substrate  110  is not limited thereto. For example, the substrate may be made of silicon or polydimethylsiloxane. For example, the meta-surfaces may be made of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H), but is not limited thereto. 
     According to various embodiments, each meta-lens may be manufactured by depositing hydrogenated amorphous silicon on a substrate, coating the same with a resist, forming a pattern by emitting an electron beam, depositing a metal layer (e.g., chromium (Cr) or aluminum (Al)), and removing the metal layer after a lift-off process and an etching process. For example, hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) may be laminated on the substrate through plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). For example, a pattern on a meta-surface may be formed by coating a resist layer and performing electron beam lithography (EBL). For example, after exposure is performed, chromium (Cr) or aluminum (Al) is deposited through electron beam deposition, and then a lift-off process may be performed. For example, the silicon layer may be removed through dry etching using a patterned chromium (Cr) or aluminum (Al) layer as a mask for etching the silicon, and by removing the chromium (Cr) or aluminum (Al) mask, a meta-surface including nano-structures may be provided on a substrate. 
     According to various embodiments, a cover glass  604  may be provided, and a bonding process may be performed together with the prepared first meta-lens  601 , the second meta-lens  602 , and the third meta-lens  603 . For example, after bonding the second meta-lens  602  and the third meta-lens  603  and bonding the cover glass  604  and the first meta-lens  601 , these bonded layers may be stacked and bonded. The order of stacking and bonding of the meta-lenses is not limited, and the stacking and bonding may be performed in various ways. For example, a grinding process may be additionally performed on the surface of the substrate or the cover glass to make the meta-lens or the cover glass have a predetermined thickness during the bonding process. 
     Referring to  FIG. 6C , as the cover glass  604  layer, the first meta-lens  601  layer, the second meta-lens  602  layer, and the third meta-lens  603  layer are stacked and bonded according to the bonding process, the meta-lens layers can be configured. 
     Referring to  FIG. 6D , a spacer member  605  may be attached to the meta lens layers in which the cover glass  604  layer, the first meta-lens  601  layer, the second meta-lens  602  layer, and the third meta-lens  603  layer configured according to the bonding process are stacked. For example, the spacer member  605  layer may be provided as a glass wafer and may have a through-type cavity formed therein, for example in a physical manner. For example, the spacer member  605  layer may be attached to the third substrate  603   b  of the third meta-lens  603  opposite to the cover glass  604 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 6D , after the spacer member  605  layer is attached to the cover glass  604  layer, the first meta-lens  601  layer, the second meta-lens layer  602  and the third meta-lens  603  layer, an individual lens assembly  600  may be manufactured through a dicing process. 
     As described above, the camera  340  included in the electronic device disclosed herein may have a simplified structure and a reduced overall size or volume compared to a conventional camera. According to various embodiments disclosed herein, a camera manufacturing process can be further simplified. According to various embodiments disclosed herein, since the camera size can be reduced or minimized, restrictions on the position at which the camera can be mounted on an electronic device can be relaxed or eliminated. Thus, the wearing sensation of the electronic device can be improved and a design with improved aesthetics can be made. 
     According to various embodiments, an electronic device (e.g., the camera  340 ) may include a lens assembly (e.g., the lens assembly  349 ) having a stacked structure including at least one meta-lens (e.g., the meta-lens  346 ) and a spacer (e.g., the spacer member  345 ), and an image sensor assembly (e.g., the image sensor assembly  348 ) attached to one side of the lens assembly and configured to receive light passing through the lens assembly and convert the light into an optical signal. The spacer may be disposed between the meta-lens and the image sensor assembly such that a cavity (e.g., the cavity  345   d ) is defined by an inner side surface (e.g., the inner side surface  345   a ) of the spacer, a bottom surface of the meta-lens, and a top surface of the image sensor assembly. 
     According to various embodiments, the inner side surface of the spacer member may have a cylindrical shape and a cross-section thereof may have a diameter equal to or greater than an effective diameter outline of the at least one meta-lens. 
     According to various embodiments, the lens assembly may have a cross section that is equal to or smaller than the cross section of the image sensor assembly so as to be located inside an effective detection area of the image sensor assembly. 
     According to various embodiments, the spacer includes an outer side surface substantially flush with outer side surface of the at least one meta-lens. 
     According to various embodiments, a light blocking agent may be applied to at least a portion of the outer side surface of the spacer, the outer side surface of the at least one meta-lens, and the top surface of the image sensor assembly. 
     According to various embodiments, the inner side surface of the spacer member may be subjected to matte treatment and comprise a matte surface. 
     According to an embodiment, the spacer may include a first portion having an (e.g.,  345 - 3 ) outer side surface substantially flush with an outer side surface of the at least one meta-lens and a protruding second portion (e.g.,  345 - 4 ) protruding from the first portion. 
     According to an embodiment, the inner side surface of the second portion has a cross section having a diameter equal to or greater than that of the cross section of the inner side surface of the first portion of the spacer. 
     According to an embodiment, the protrusion forms a step recessed inward from the outer side surface of the first portion of the spacer. 
     According to an embodiment, the step is configured to reduce or prevent an adhesive applied along the outer side surface of the spacer attached to the image sensor assembly from flowing into the spacer. 
     According to an embodiment, in a process of manufacturing the lens assembly, the spacer member may be attached to the at least one meta-lens and then diced together with the at least one meta-lens to form the lens assembly. 
     According to various embodiments, an electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  200 ) may include a frame (e.g., the frame  310 ) including a first portion (e.g., the first area  310 A) and a second portion (e.g., the second area  310 B), a window (e.g., the window member  330 ) supported by the frame, a temple (support) member (e.g., temple member  320 ) rotatably connected to the frame, a display module configured to project an image on the window, and a camera (e.g., the camera  340 ) disposed in the second portion of the frame to image at least a portion of a user&#39;s eye. The camera may include a lens assembly (e.g., the lens assembly  349 ) including a stacked structure including at least one meta-lens (e.g., the meta-lens  346 ) and a spacer (e.g., the spacer member  345 ), and an image sensor assembly (e.g., the image sensor assembly  348 ) attached to one side of the lens assembly and configured to receive light passing through the lens assembly and convert the light into an optical signal. The spacer may be disposed between the at least one meta-lens and the image sensor assembly such that a cavity (e.g., the cavity  345   d ) is defined by an inner side surface (e.g., the inner side surface  345   a ) of the spacer, a bottom surface of the meta-lens, and a top surface of the image sensor assembly. 
     According to an embodiment, the camera may be disposed in a groove (e.g., the camera hole  351 ) provided in an abutment (e.g., the abutment  350 ) inclined by a predetermined angle relative to the frame such that the camera faces a user&#39;s eye, wherein the abutment is provided in the second portion of the frame to be in contact with a nose of a user wearing the electronic device. 
     According to an embodiment, the lens assembly may have a cross section that is equal to or smaller than the cross section of the image sensor assembly such that the lens assembly is located inside an effective detection area of the image sensor assembly, and the electronic device may further include a buffer disposed (e.g., the buffer member  353 ) between the outer side surface of the lens assembly and the top surface of the image sensor assembly to fix the camera in the groove. 
     According to an embodiment, the spacer may be configured such that an outer side surface thereof is substantially flush with outer side surface of the at least one meta-lens. 
     According to an embodiment, in a process of manufacturing the lens assembly, the spacer member may be attached to the at least one meta-lens and then diced together with the at least one meta-lens to configure the outer side surface thereof. 
     According to an embodiment, a light blocking agent may be applied to at least a portion of the outer side surface of the spacer, the outer side surface of the at least one meta-lens, and the top surface of the image sensor assembly. 
     According to an embodiment, the inner side surface of the spacer may be subjected to matte treatment and comprise a matte surface. 
     According to an embodiment, the spacer may include a protrusion provided on a bottom surface thereof. 
     According to an embodiment, the protrusion may form a step recessed inward from the outer side surface of the spacer member to reduce prevent flow of an adhesive applied along the outer side surface of the spacer member attached to the image sensor assembly into the spacer member. 
     The embodiments disclosed herein are merely presented as examples for easy description of technical features and helping the understanding of the technical features, and are not intended to limit the scope of the technology disclosed herein. Therefore, the scope of the technology disclosed herein should be construed to include all changes or modifications derived from the technical ideas of various embodiments disclosed herein in addition to the embodiments disclosed herein.