Patent Publication Number: US-8984778-B2

Title: Plow blade and method

Description:
BACKGROUND 
     Plowing vehicles, such as snowplowing vehicles, generally have a curved, shovel like device commonly known as a moldboard disposed on the front, side underneath, and/or rear of the vehicle. A plow blade is generally removably attached to a lower portion of the moldboard. The plow blade acts as the cutting edge by scraping along the upper surface of a roadway to remove snow or other materials from the roadway. As such, the plow blade often wears quickly and requires replacement. Further, certain segments of the plow blade may wear more quickly than others due to various factors beyond the control of a plow vehicle operator such as uneven or crowned roadways or the plow blade striking objects in or on the roadway. 
     SUMMARY 
     The present application discloses a plow, a plow blade for mounting to a plow moldboard, and methods of installing a plow blade to a plow moldboard. In certain embodiments, the plow comprises a moldboard, an adapter blade attached to the moldboard, and a plow blade removably attached to the adapter blade. In one exemplary embodiment, the plow blade comprises one or more blade segments; an elastomeric portion that at least partially surrounds the one or more blade segments and permits the one or more blade segments to move relative to the moldboard; and one or more bushings disposed in the elastomeric portion for attaching the plow blade to the adapter blade and/or the moldboard. The one or more blade segments are generally shaped and positioned within the elastomeric portion such that a portion of each blade segment is disposed between at least one bushing and a top edge of the plow blade. These and additional embodiments will become apparent in the course of the following detailed description. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       In the accompanying drawings which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, embodiments of the invention are illustrated, which, together with a general description of the invention given above, and the detailed description given below, serve to example the principles of the inventions. 
         FIG. 1A  is a perspective view of a plow according to an embodiment of the present application. 
         FIG. 1B  is an exploded perspective view of the plow of  FIG. 1A  illustrating assembly of the plow. 
         FIG. 2A  is a front perspective view of a plow blade according to an embodiment of the present application. 
         FIG. 2B  is a front view of the plow blade of  FIG. 2A . 
         FIG. 2C  is a cross sectional view of the plow blade of  FIG. 2A  taken along line  2 C- 2 C shown in  FIG. 2B . 
         FIG. 2D  is a cross sectional view of the plow blade of  FIG. 2A  taken along line  2 D- 2 D shown in  FIG. 2B . 
         FIG. 3  is a front perspective view of a plow blade according to an embodiment of the present application. 
         FIG. 4  is a front perspective view of a blade segment according to an embodiment of the present application. 
         FIGS. 5A and 5B  are front perspective views of blade segments according to embodiments of the present application. 
         FIG. 6  is a front perspective view of a blade segment according to an embodiment of the present application. 
         FIG. 7  is a partial front view of a plow blade according to an embodiment of the present application. 
         FIG. 8  is a perspective view of a bushing according to an embodiment of the present application. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     The present application discloses a plow blade having blade edge segments encased in an elastomeric material that permits the blade segments to move independently relative to the moldboard of the plow. The elastomeric material permits the blade edge segments to adjust to various irregularities in the roadway. As such, the plow blade edge is capable of conforming to the road surface and/or objects in or on the road surface, such as road markers. Further, the elastomeric material reduces or suppresses the forces experienced by the blade edge segments and at least partially absorbs the noise, shock, and vibration from the blade edge. As a result, the amount of wear (e.g., uneven wear) and damage to the blade edge segments is reduced and the useful life of the plow blade is increased. 
     The plow blade of the present application is intended to be universal in that it may be configured for use with any (or most) plowing systems. For example, the plow blade may be used with front plows, underbody plows, wing plows, or tow plows. Exemplary front plow configurations include bottom trip, trip plow, one-way, section trip, slide trip, V-plow, or folding V-plow configurations ranging from 8 to 32 feet in blade length. Exemplary underbody plow configurations include high speed hinged, folding moldboard, fixed, or reversible configurations ranging from 9 to 14 feet in blade length. Exemplary wing plow configurations include patrol wing, benching leveling wing, mid mount wing, front mount wing, extendable mid mount wing, or rear mount wing configurations ranging from 6 to 14 feet in blade length. The plow blade may also be used with a variety of tow plow configurations ranging from 5 to 32 feet in blade length. 
     A plow of the present application generally comprises a moldboard, and adapter blade attached to the moldboard, and a plow blade removably attached to the adapter blade. However, in certain embodiments, various other members may be used to attach the plow blade to the moldboard or the plow blade of the present application may be attached directly to the moldboard. 
       FIGS. 1A and 1B  illustrate an exemplary plow  100  according to an embodiment of the present application. The plow  100  comprises a moldboard  102  and a plow blade  104  removably attached to the moldboard. As shown, the moldboard  102  includes a curved, concave portion for directing snow or other material up and away from the roadway. A lower portion of the moldboard  102  includes spaced openings  106  for attachment of the plow blade  104  to the moldboard. In certain embodiments, the spaced openings  106  of the moldboard  102  are disposed in a separate member attached to a lower edge of the curved portion. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 1A and 1B , an adapter blade  108  is used to attach the plow blade  104  to the moldboard  102 . As shown, the adapter blade  108  comprises spaced openings  110  that substantially align with the spaced openings  106  in the moldboard  102  and fasteners  112  are used to removably attach the adapter blade to the moldboard. The layout of the spaced openings  106  in the moldboard  102  and the spaced openings  110  in the adapter blade  108  (i.e., punch layout) shown in the Figures is commonly referred to as a 3″-3″-12″ layout. However, it should be noted that the adapter blade  108  configurations shown in  FIGS. 1A and 1B  are merely exemplary and the adapter blade may be configured for use with a variety of punch layouts, including 2″-8″-8″, 4″-8″-8″, or any other layout to fit any plow configuration. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 1A and 1B , the plow blade  104  comprises spaced openings  114  that substantially align with spaced openings  120  of the adapter blade  108 . The layout of the spaced openings  114  in the plow blade  104  and the spaced openings  120  in the adapter blade shown in the Figures is commonly referred to as a 6″-12″-12″-12″ layout. However, it should be noted that the plow blade  104  and adapter blade  108  configurations shown in  FIGS. 1A and 1B  are merely exemplary and the plow blade may be configured for use with a variety of punch layouts, including 6″-12″-12″, 3″-3″-12″, 2″-8″-8″, 4″-8″-8″, or any other layout to fit any plow configuration. Further, a mounting member  140  comprises spaced openings  116  extending through an elongate member of the mounting member. When the plow blade  104  is mounted to the adapter blade  108 , fasteners  118  are inserted through the spaced openings  116  in the mounting member  140 , the spaced openings  114  in the plow blade  104 , and the spaced openings  120  in the adapter blade  108  to removably attach the plow blade to the adapter blade. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 1A and 1B , threaded bolts (e.g., carriage bolts), washers and nuts are used to fasten the plow blade  104  to the adapter blade  108  and the adapter blade to the moldboard  102 . However, a variety of other suitable fasteners may be used, such as for example, pins, studs, posts, or the like. For example, in one embodiment, the mounting member  140  comprises posts or studs (e.g., threaded posts or studs) extending from a longitudinal surface of the elongate member. In this embodiment, it is contemplated that one end of the posts or studs may be welded or otherwise affixed to the mounting member  140 . The projecting end of the posts or studs is inserted through the spaced openings  114  in the plow blade  104  and the spaced openings  120  in the adapter blade  108  to attach the plow blade to the adapter blade. A nut may be used with each post or stud to fasten the plow blade  104  to the adapter blade  108 . 
     The adapter blade  108  shown in  FIGS. 1A and 1B  comprises one or more stops  130  extending outward from the face of the adapter blade and positioned above the plow blade  104 . The stops  130  may be integrally formed with the adapter blade  108  or attached to the adapter blade in a variety ways, such as with fasteners or a weld. If the plow blade  104  is forced or otherwise moved upward relative to the adapter blade  108  a certain distance, the top edge  132  of the plow blade  104  contacts the one or more of the stops  130  to prohibit any further upward movement of the plow blade relative to adapter blade. As such, the stops  130  prohibit over travel of the blade segments and over compression of the elastomeric material that may damage the plow blade  104 . As shown in  FIG. 1A , the stops  130  are positioned a distance D 1  above the top edge  132  of the plow blade  104 . The distance D 1  is generally between about ½ inch and about 1½ inch. In certain embodiments, the distance D 1  is about 1 inch. 
     Further, the adapter blade  108  acts as a secondary or backup blade for the plow  100 . For example, should the plow blade  104  become damaged (e.g., one or more blade segments are removed) and/or is worn down, the cutting edge of the adapter blade  108  is exposed and will scrape along the roadway to remove snow or other materials from the roadway. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 1A and 1B , the plow blade  100  is formed as a single elongate member positioned between the adapter blade  108  and the mounting member  140 . However, in other embodiments, the plow blade  100  is formed from a plurality of components positioned between the adapter blade  108  and the mounting member  140 . For example, the plow blade  100  may be divided into a plurality of segments (e.g., 6, 10 or 12 inch segments) that are positioned end to end along the length of the adapter blade  108  or moldboard  102 . These segments may or may not be sized to the length of the individual blade segments. Further, gaps may exist between two or more plow blade segments such that the plow blade is not contiguous. Further still, two or more of the plow blade segments may be removably attached together, such as for example, with a tongue/groove connection, male/female connection, straps, buckles, pins, screws, bolts, Velcro®, or other fastener. Further, one or more plow blade segments may comprise male and/or female parts to facilitate proper alignment of the plow blade with the adapter blade  108 . 
     One exemplary method of installing a plow blade to a plow moldboard includes utilizing an adapter blade having one or more first openings and one or more second openings. The one or more first openings of the adapter blade are aligned with one or more openings of a moldboard. One or more first fasteners are inserted through the one or more first openings of the adapter blade and the one or more openings in the moldboard to attach the adapter blade to the moldboard. Further, a plow blade is utilized comprising one or more blade segments; an elastomeric portion that at least partially surrounds the one or more blade segments and permits the one or more blade segments to move relative to the moldboard when the plow blade is attached to the adapter blade; and one or more bushings disposed in the elastomeric portion for attaching the plow blade to the adapter blade. The one or more blade segments are shaped and positioned within the elastomeric portion such that a portion of each blade segment is disposed between at least one bushing and a top edge of the plow blade. The one or more bushings of the plow blade are aligned with the one or more second openings of the adapter blade. One or more second fasteners are inserted through the one or more bushings of the plow blade and the one or more second openings of the adapter blade to attach the plow blade to the adapter blade. In certain embodiments, one or more openings of a mounting member are aligned with the one or more bushings of the plow blade and the one or more second fasteners are inserted through the one or more openings of the mounting member. 
     The plow blade of the present application generally comprises at least one blade segment, an elastomeric portion that at least partially surrounds the at least one blade segment, and at least one insert or bushing disposed in the elastomeric portion and having an opening for directly or indirectly mounting the plow blade to a moldboard. The elastomeric portion permits the blade segment to move relative to the moldboard when the plow blade is mounted to the moldboard. 
     The blade segments of the present application are generally shaped and positioned within the elastomeric portion such that at least a portion of the blade segment is disposed between a bushing and a top edge of the plow blade. In certain embodiments, the blade segments are also shaped and positioned within the elastomeric portion such that at least a portion of the blade segment is disposed between the bushing and a bottom edge of the plow blade. As such, the blade segments will interfere with the bushings should the blade segments move upward and/or downward a certain distance relative to the bushings. As a result, should a blade segment or a section of the plow blade that includes a blade segment become dislodged or removed from the elastomeric portion or the remainder of the plow blade, the blade segment or section will catch on the bushing such that it is not deposited on the roadway. This may occur, for example, if a portion of the plow blade (e.g., the elastomeric portion) is cut, ripped or otherwise damaged during use of the plow blade. Further, the bushings act as stops that prohibit over travel of the blade segments and over compression of the elastomeric material that may damage the plow blade. 
       FIGS. 2A-2D  illustrate a plow blade  200  according to an embodiment the present application. The plow blade  200  comprises three center blade segments  204  and two end blade segments  202 A and  202 B encased in an elastomeric material  206 . Also encased in the elastomeric material  206  are four inserts or bushings  208  with openings for mounting the plow blade  200  directly or indirectly to a moldboard. Further, the elastomeric material  206  holds the blade segments  202 A,  202 B, and  204  in position and permits the blade segments to move independently relative to the moldboard of the plow, as described above. 
     In certain embodiments, the plow blade  200  is about four feet in length and the spaced bushing openings have a 6″-12″-12″-12″ layout. However, the plow blade of the present application may be sized and configured in a variety of ways to fit various plows or portions of a plow. For example, the plow blade  300  illustrated in  FIG. 3  comprises two center blade segments  304  and two end blade segments  302 A and  302 B encased in an elastomeric material  306 . Further, three inserts or bushings  308  with openings for mounting the plow blade  300  to a moldboard are encased in the elastomeric material  306 . In certain embodiments, the plow blade  300  is about three feet in length and the spaced bushing openings have a 6″-12″-12″ layout. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 2A-2D  and  4 , the elastomeric material  206  encases the right and left vertical sides  220 A and  220 B, top edge  406 , rear face, and a top portion  402  of the front face  410  of each center blade segment  204  to hold the blade segments in position and permit the blade segments to move independently relative to the moldboard of the plow. The bottom edge  408  and a bottom portion  404  of the front face  410  of each center blade segment  204  is exposed and not encased by the elastomeric material  206 . As such, the cutting edge of each center blade segment  204  is visible such that the amount of damage and/or wear to the blade segment may be assessed. Further, as illustrated in  FIG. 4 , the top portion  402  of the front face  410  of each center blade segment  204  is recessed relative to the bottom portion  404  of the front face. As such, the elastomeric material  206  covering the front face  410  of the center blade segments  204  forms a substantially smooth transition with the exposed portions of the blade segments to prohibit materials from catching on the front face of the plow blade. 
       FIGS. 5A and 5B  illustrate the right and left end blade segments  202 A and  202 B, respectively. As shown, the right and left end blade segments  202 A and  202 B are mirror images of each other. As illustrated in  FIGS. 2A-2D ,  5 A and  5 B, the elastomeric material  206  encases the vertical sides  280  and  282 , top edge  506 , rear face, and a top portion  502  of the front face  510  of each end blade segment  202 A and  202 B to hold the blade segments in position and permit the blade segments to move independently relative to the moldboard of the plow. The bottom edge  508  and a bottom portion  504  of the front face  510  of each end blade segment  202 A and  202 B is exposed and not encased by the elastomeric material  206 . As such, the cutting edge of each end blade segment  202 A and  202 B is visible such that the amount of damage and/or wear to the blade segment may be assessed. Further, as illustrated in  FIGS. 2D ,  5 A and  5 B, the top portion  502  of the front face  510  of each end blade segment  202 A and  202 B is recessed relative to the bottom portion  504  of the front face. As such, the elastomeric material  206  covering the front face  510  of the end blade segments  202 A and  202 B forms a substantially smooth transition with the exposed portions of the blade segments to prohibit materials from catching on the front face of the plow blade. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 2C and 8 , the bushings  208  of the plow blade  200  comprise a reduced outer diameter or recessed portion  292  between the ends of the bushing. As shown in  FIG. 2C , the elastomeric material  206  is disposed within the recessed portion  292  of the bushing  208  to hold the bushing in position and secured within the elastomeric material. The outer diameter D 2  of the bushings  208  is between about 1 inch and about 2 inches and the diameter D 3  of the recessed portion  292  is between about ⅞ inch and about 1½ inches. In certain embodiments, the outer diameter D 2  is about 1¼ inches and the diameter D 3  of the recessed portion  292  is about 31/32 inch. In certain embodiments, the inner diameter of the bushing  208  (or diameter of the opening) is about 11/16 inch and the center of the bushing is about 1½ inch from a top edge  294  of the plow blade  200 . In certain embodiments, the outer surface of one or more of the bushings  208  may be square, rectangular, oval, hexagonal, triangular, or any other shape. 
     Further, as illustrated in  FIGS. 2B ,  2 D, and  4 - 5 B, each of the blade segments  202 A,  202 B, and  204  comprise at least one opening  262  in the top portion  402 ,  502  of the blade segment. As shown in  FIGS. 2B and 2D . The elastomeric material  206  is disposed within the opening  262  of the blade segments  202 A,  202 B, and  204  to hold the blade segment in position and secured within the elastomeric material. The diameter of the opening  262  is between about ½ inch and about 1½ inch. In certain embodiments, the diameter of the opening  262  is about ¾ inch. 
     As illustrated in FIGS.  2 B and  4 - 5 B, at least one vertical side or edge  220 A,  220 B, and  282  of each blade segment  202 A,  202 B, and  204  extends inward toward the center of the blade segment to form a recessed portion  250 . The recessed portions  250  at least partially surround the bushings  208  of the plow blade  200  and are shaped such that a first section  270  of the recessed portion is positioned between the bushing and the top edge  294  of the plow blade and a second section  272  of the recessed portion is positioned between the bushing and a bottom edge  296  of the plow blade. As such, the first and second sections  270  and  272  of the recessed portions  250  interfere with the bushings  208  when the blade segments  202 A,  202 B, and  204  move upward and/or downward a certain distance relative to the bushings. 
     The center blade segments  204  illustrated in  FIGS. 2B and 4  comprise recessed portions  250  on both the right and left vertical sides  220 A and  220 B of the blade segment. As shown, the recessed portions  250  are mirror images of each other about the vertical centerline of the blade segment  204 . However, in other embodiments, the center blade segment  204  may or may not comprise recessed portions on both the right and left vertical sides and/or the recessed portions may or may not be mirror images. Further, the right and left end blade segments  202 A and  202 B illustrated in  FIGS. 5A and 5B , respectively, comprise a recessed portion  250  on the interior vertical side  282  of the blade segment. As illustrated in  FIG. 2B , the recessed portions  250  of the center and end blade segments  202 A,  202 B, and  204  are the same size and shape. However, in other embodiments, the recessed portions of the center and end blade segments are not the same size and/or shape. 
     The recessed portions of the blade segments may be a variety of sizes and shapes. For example, the recessed portions may comprise one or more curved, arcuate, or straight edges forming a variety of shapes, including, but not limited to, circular, rectangular, oval, elliptical, square, triangular, and hour glass shapes. In certain embodiments, the blade segments may be positioned within the elastomeric material such that the recessed portions of adjacent blade segments collectively substantially surround one or more of the bushings. Further, one or more of the recessed portions may be configured such that only the first section is positioned between the bushing and the top edge of the plow blade, only the second section is positioned between the bushing and the bottom edge of the plow blade, or both. The recessed portions may also be sized and shaped to permit certain amounts of vertical, horizontal and rotational movement of the blade segments relative to the bushings. 
     As illustrated FIGS.  2 B and  4 - 5 B, the first section  270  of the recessed portions  250  of the center and end blade segments  202 A,  202 B, and  204  is curved and the second section  272  is straight. Further, the portion of the vertical side  220 A,  220 B, and  282  extending between the first section  270  of the recessed portion  250  and the top edge  406  and  506  of the blade segments  202 A,  202 B, and  204  forms a protruding end  460  and  560  that is disposed between the bushing  208  and the top edge  294  of the plow blade  200 . Similarly, the portion of the vertical side  220 A,  220 B, and  282  extending between the second section  272  of the recessed portion  250  and the bottom edge  296  of the blade segment  202 A,  202 B, and  204  forms a protruding side  462  and  562  that is disposed between the bushing  208  and the bottom edge  296  of the plow blade  200 . As illustrated in  FIG. 2B , the vertical length D 4  of the recessed portion  250  is generally between about 3 inches and about 3½ inches. In certain embodiments, the vertical length D 4  is about 3¼ inches. Further, the radius of the curved first section  270  is generally between about ¾ inch and about 1¼ inches. In certain embodiments, the radius of the curved first section  270  is about 1 inch. 
     The recessed portions  250  permit the blade segments  202 A,  202 B, and  204  to move vertically downward relative to the bushings  208  (from the neutral position shown in  FIG. 2B ) between about ⅜ inch and about ⅝ inch before the first section  270  contacts the bushing. Further, the recessed portions  250  permit the blade segments  202 A,  202 B, and  204  to move vertically upward relative to the bushings  208  (from the neutral position shown in  FIG. 2B ) between about 1 inch and about 1¾ inches before the second section  272  contacts the bushing. In certain embodiments, the permitted downward movement of the blade segments  202 A,  202 B, and  204  is about ½ inch and the permitted upward movement is about 1½ inches. As a result, should a blade segment  202 A,  202 B, and  204  or a section of the plow blade  200  that includes a blade segment become dislodged or removed from the elastomeric portion  206  or the remainder of the plow blade, the blade segment or section will only move upward or downward by these amounts before the blade segment catches on the bushing. Further, the bushings  208  act as stops that prohibit travel of the blade segment  202 A,  202 B, and  204  beyond these amounts and over compression of the elastomeric material  206  that may damage the plow blade  200 . 
       FIG. 6  illustrates a blade segment  600  according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown, the blade segment  600  comprises a central opening  602 . In certain embodiments, the blade segment  600  is positioned within the elastomeric material of the plow blade such that the opening  602  surrounds a bushing of the plow blade. As such, the sides of the opening  602 , including the top and bottom portions of the opening, will interfere with the bushing should the blade segment  600  move upward and/or downward a certain distance relative to the bushing. 
       FIG. 7  illustrates a plow blade  700  according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown, the plow blade  700  comprises adjacent blade segments  702  encased in an elastomeric material  706 . The vertical side of each blade segment  702  comprises a recessed portion  750 . As shown, the blade segments  702  are positioned within the elastomeric material  706  such that the recessed portions  750  collectively substantially surround the bushing  708 . As such, the top and bottom portions of the recessed portions  750  will interfere with the bushing should the blade segments  702  move upward and/or downward a certain distance relative to the bushing  708 . 
     The blade segments of the present application are generally constructed of steel. In certain embodiments, the end blade segments are about ¾ inch thick, about 5¾ inch wide, and about 5 inches long and the center blade segments are about ¾ inch thick, about 5¾ inch wide, and about 11 inches long. 
     One or more of the blade segments may have a milled groove in the bottom edge for an insert that is generally made of a harder material than the blade segment. For example,  FIGS. 2D ,  5 A and  5 B illustrate the insert  290  disposed in a groove in the bottom edge  508  of the end blade segments  202 A and  202 B. Further,  FIG. 4  illustrates the insert  490  disposed in a groove in the bottom edge  408  of the center blade segments  204 . In certain embodiments, the insert is constructed of tungsten carbide or functional equivalents, such as WC grade tungsten carbide grade K3030C. Certain tungsten carbide inserts have a cobalt content between about 11 and 12.5%, a density between about 14.1 minimum and 14.6 maximum, a hardness between about 87.5 and 89 Rockwell A, and a transverse rupture strength of about 350,000 psi. Brazing may or may not be used to secure the insert in the milled groove of the blade segment. 
     The elastomeric material of the present application may be a variety of materials capable of holding the blade segments in position and permitting the blade segments to move independently relative to the moldboard of the plow. Exemplary materials include, but are not limited to, rubber, plastic or polyurethane materials that do not corrode in the presence of salt and water and are compatible with steel. Further, the properties of the elastomeric material and the overall thickness of the plow blade may vary between embodiments and/or be tuned to a specific plow, moldboard, or plow blade edge. For example, the hardness, stiffness, thickness, and/or density of the elastomeric material may vary based on the size, type, and/or configuration of the plow, moldboard, or plow blade edge. 
     In certain embodiments, the elastomeric material comprises a polyurethane material having a hardness between about 75 and 96 Durometer A and a density between about 1038 and 1235 kg/m 3 . In one particular embodiment, the elastomeric material comprises a polyurethane material having a hardness of about 85 Durometer A and a density of about 1163 kg/m 3 . Further, the polyurethane material may have an ultimate elongation of about 650%, a secant modulus of about 300% at 900 psi, a tensile strength of about 5500 psi, a tear strength (die C) of about 400 pli, a compression set of about 35%, and a bayshore rebound of about 30%. 
     In certain embodiments, the elastomeric material comprises a rubber compound having a hardness between about 50 and 80 Durometer A and a density between about 1107 and 1301 kg/m 3 . In one particular embodiment, the elastomeric material comprises a rubber compound having a hardness of about 67 Durometer A and a density of about 1160 kg/m 3 . 
     The elastomeric material of the present application may also comprise one or more materials joined or otherwise secured together to form the plow blade. For example, one or more portions of the elastomeric material may comprise a first material that is different than a second material found in one or more other portions of the elastomeric material. The type, hardness, stiffness, thickness, and/or density of the first material may be different than the second material. Different types of materials include, for example, various types of polyurethane, rubber or plastic. 
     The bushings of the of the present application may be constructed of a variety materials such as, for example, steel, powdered metal, plastic or urethane. For example, in certain embodiments, the bushings are constructed of steel or powdered metal. Further, the overall size of the plow blade may vary depending on the plow or plowing system. For example, in certain embodiments, the plow blade is about ⅞ inch thick, about 6 inches wide, and about 3 feet long. In other embodiments, the plow blade is about ⅞ inch thick, about 6 inches wide, and about 4 feet long. 
     The words used in the claims have their full ordinary meaning and are not limited in any way by the description of the embodiments in the specification. Further, as described herein, when one or more components are described as being connected, joined, affixed, coupled, attached, or otherwise interconnected, such interconnection may be direct as between the components or may be in direct such as through the use of one or more intermediary components. Also as described herein, reference to a “member,” “component,” or “portion” shall not be limited to a single structural member, component, or element but can include an assembly of components, members or elements. 
     While the present invention has been illustrated by the description of embodiments thereof, and while the embodiments have been described in considerable detail, it is not the intention of the applicants to restrict or in any way limit the scope of the invention to such details. Additional advantages and modifications will readily appear to those skilled in the art. For example, where components are releasably or removably connected or attached together, any type of releasable connection may be suitable including for example, locking connections, fastened connections, tongue and groove connections, etc. Still further, component geometries, shapes, and dimensions can be modified without changing the overall role or function of the components. Therefore, the inventive concept, in its broader aspects, is not limited to the specific details, the representative apparatus, and illustrative examples shown and described. Accordingly, departures may be made from such details without departing from the spirit or scope of the applicant&#39;s general inventive concept. 
     While various inventive aspects, concepts and features of the inventions may be described and illustrated herein as embodied in combination in the exemplary embodiments, these various aspects, concepts and features may be used in many alternative embodiments, either individually or in various combinations and sub-combinations thereof. Unless expressly excluded herein all such combinations and sub-combinations are intended to be within the scope of the present inventions. Still further, while various alternative embodiments as to the various aspects, concepts and features of the inventions—such as alternative materials, structures, configurations, methods, devices and components, alternatives as to form, fit and function, and so on—may be described herein, such descriptions are not intended to be a complete or exhaustive list of available alternative embodiments, whether presently known or later developed. Those skilled in the art may readily adopt one or more of the inventive aspects, concepts or features into additional embodiments and uses within the scope of the present inventions even if such embodiments are not expressly disclosed herein. Additionally, even though some features, concepts or aspects of the inventions may be described herein as being a preferred arrangement or method, such description is not intended to suggest that such feature is required or necessary unless expressly so stated. Still further, exemplary or representative values and ranges may be included to assist in understanding the present disclosure, however, such values and ranges are not to be construed in a limiting sense and are intended to be critical values or ranges only if so expressly stated. Moreover, while various aspects, features and concepts may be expressly identified herein as being inventive or forming part of an invention, such identification is not intended to be exclusive, but rather there may be inventive aspects, concepts and features that are fully described herein without being expressly identified as such or as part of a specific invention, the inventions instead being set forth in the appended claims. Descriptions of exemplary methods or processes are not limited to inclusion of all steps as being required in all cases, nor is the order that the steps are presented to be construed as required or necessary unless expressly so stated.