Title: Background information

Context:
A comprehensive pain assessment includes a biopsychosocial interview and focused physical exam. Elements of the biopsychosocial pain interview include a pain-related history, assessment of pertinent  medical and psychiatric comorbidities including personal and family history of SUD, functional status and  functional goals, coping strategies, and a variety of psychosocial factors such as the patient’s beliefs and  expectations about chronic pain and its treatment. Patients with chronic pain may also experience  worsened quality of life, mental health, immune system function, physical function, sleep, employment  status, and impaired personal relationships. Worsening of some of these factors (e.g., quality of  life, change in employment status) seems to also be associated with pain severity and the presence of  psychiatric comorbidities. Patients with chronic pain report psychological complaints (e.g.,  depression, anxiety, poor self-efficacy, poor general emotional functioning) more often than patients  without chronic pain. Further, there can be social and psychological consequences such as decreased  ability to successfully maintain relationship and career roles and increased depression, fear, and anxiety as  a result of pain.

Question: What is reported more often by the patients with chronic pain than patients without chronic pain?

Answer: psychological complaints (e.g.,  depression, anxiety, poor self-efficacy, poor general emotional functioning)