PATENT ABSTRACT
An optical probe is provided. The optical probe includes a lens extending along an axis between a first end and a second end. A spacer extends along the axis between a first end and a second end. The first end of the spacer is connected to the second end of the lens. A prism is connected to the second end of the spacer such that the prism is spaced apart from the lens by the spacer.

PATENT DESCRIPTION
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present disclosure generally relates to medical devices, systems and methods for imaging in biomedical and other medical and non-medical applications, and more particularly, to optical probes for Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) imaging where a short working distance is needed with a large confocal parameter to image deep into tissue. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Various forms of imaging systems are used in healthcare to produce images of a patient. Often, an image of an internal cavity of a patient is required. These cavities can include areas of the digestive system or the respiratory system. When imaging tissue features of these systems, fiber optic endoscopy is often utilized. 
     One type of fiber optic probe used in an endoscope is based on Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) techniques. OCT provides structural information on tissue with high resolution. OCT can provide this information in real time and in a non-invasive manner. Many different lens types have been used to construct fiber optic probes. These lenses include fiber lenses, ball lenses and Gradient Index (GRIN) lenses. Lens materials can vary from glass to plastic to silicon. 
     As shown in  FIG. 1 , one type of OCT probe  10  is comprised of an optical fiber  11  having a casing  11   a , a fiber core  11   b , a proximal end  12  and a distal end  13 , a GRIN lens  14  connected directly to distal end  13  of the optical fiber  11 , and a prism  15  connected directly to GRIN lens  14  and configured to deflect light into surrounding tissue T. Probe  10  is typically connected to a coherent light source at proximal end  12  of optical fiber  11 . Probe  10  is typically contained within a sheath S. Sheath S containing probe  10  is inserted into a cavity of a patient to image into tissue T surrounding probe  10 . Sheath S protects probe  10  and tissue T from damage. Fiber core  11   b , GRIN lens  14  and prism  15  are typically connected by fusing the components together or using an epoxy to glue the components together. 
     An optical probe must be specifically manufactured to conform to optical parameters required for a specific use. Esophageal imaging requires probes of specific design to properly image into surrounding tissue. Typical prior art probes do not provide the specific optical operating parameters required in esophageal imaging. This disclosure describes an improvement over these prior art technologies. 
     SUMMARY 
     Accordingly, an optical probe is provided which includes a lens extending along an axis between a first end and a second end. A spacer extends along the axis between a first end and a second end. The first end of the spacer is connected directly to the second end of the lens. A prism is connected directly to the second end of the spacer such that the prism is spaced apart from the lens by the spacer. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The present disclosure will become more readily apparent from the specific description accompanied by the following drawings, in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a side, cross-sectional view of a conventional optical probe using a gradient index lens; 
         FIG. 2  is a side, cross-sectional view illustrating various operating parameters of an optical probe; 
         FIG. 3  is a side, cross-sectional view of an optical probe having a lens and a prism; 
         FIG. 4  is a side, cross-sectional view of an optical probe having a spacer, a lens and a prism; 
         FIG. 5  is a side, cross-sectional view of an optical probe having an elongated lens and a prism; 
         FIG. 6  is a side, cross-sectional view of an optical probe having a large spacer, a small lens and a prism; 
         FIG. 7  is a side, cross-sectional view of an optical probe in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; and 
         FIG. 8  is a side, cross-sectional view of an optical probe in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     Like reference numerals indicate similar parts throughout the figures. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The present disclosure may be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description of the disclosure taken in connection with the accompanying drawing figures, which form a part of this disclosure. It is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the specific devices, methods, conditions or parameters described and/or shown herein, and that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments by way of example only and is not intended to be limiting of the claimed disclosure. 
     Also, as used in the specification and including the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include the plural, and reference to a particular numerical value includes at least that particular value, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Ranges may be expressed herein as from “about” or “approximately” one particular value and/or to “about” or “approximately” another particular value. When such a range is expressed, another embodiment includes from the one particular value and/or to the other particular value. Similarly, when values are expressed as approximations, by use of the antecedent “about,” it will be understood that the particular value forms another embodiment. It is also understood that all spatial references, such as, for example, horizontal, vertical, top, upper, lower, bottom, left and right, are for illustrative purposes only and can be varied within the scope of the disclosure. For example, the references “superior” and “inferior” are relative and used only in the context to the other, and are not necessarily “upper” and “lower”. 
     Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, which are illustrated in the accompanying figures. 
     Proper imaging into tissue using an OCT probe requires strict compliance to probe specifications in order to precisely set the optical parameters in a manner that is effective for esophageal imaging. These parameters can include the Rayleigh Range Rz, the confocal parameter b, the waist w, the focal point fp, and the working distance wd. In some embodiments, the parameters include the focal length fl. The term “beam waist” or “waist” as used herein refers to a location along a beam where the beam radius is a local minimum and where the wavefront of the beam is planar over a substantial length (i.e., a confocal length). The term “working distance” as used herein means the distance between the optical axis of the fiber and the waist w. 
     As stated above, an optical probe must be specifically manufactured to conform to the optical parameters required for effective esophageal imaging. Indeed, esophageal imaging requires probes of specific design to properly image into surrounding tissue T. When using an optical probe without a balloon for esophageal imaging, a short working distance with large confocal parameter is required. In esophageal imaging there is generally about a 1 millimeter (mm) distance between an outer surface of sheath S and tissue T. In attempts to manufacture an optical probe that conforms to these parameters, several designs have been utilized. 
     One design utilizes a ball lens. A ball lens is difficult to manufacture with little control and correction over aberrations caused by sheaths covering the optical probe. Another design uses a GRIN lens. Unfortunately, the particular GRIN lens/fiber with a significantly greater index of refraction gradient is costly to manufacture with extremely tight tolerances due to the fast gradient index change. Another design utilizes an outer balloon structure to increase the working distance. However, the use of a balloon often deforms the surrounding tissue and also flattens the natural surface features. 
     Detailed experimentation conducted by the inventor of the present disclosure has produced an optical probe that conforms to the specific requirements of esophageal imaging. Certain aspects of the inventor&#39;s experimentation will now be discussed. 
       FIG. 3  illustrates an optical probe  300  having a GRIN lens  310  directly connected to a prism  320  using epoxy  315 . One or more optical fibers (not shown) would be connected to the end of GRIN lens  310 . The optical fiber(s) may be connected to a light source. A sheath  330  is also illustrated in  FIG. 3 . Sheath  330  includes an inner surface  332  defining a passageway  334  having lens  310  and prism  320  removably disposed therein. An end  336  of sheath  330  defines a blunt tip. 
     Table 1A lists the specifications of the components of optical probe  300 . As shown in Table 1A, GRIN lens  310  has a thickness of 3.2810 mm defined by the distance between an end  335  of lens  310  and an opposite end  340  of lens  310 . Table 1B lists the resulting beam characteristics of probe  300 . As shown in Table 1B, the configuration of probe  300  of  FIG. 3  results in a long working distance and a very small waist. Although this results in an acceptable Rayleigh Range Rz of 0.408 mm, the long working distance is unacceptable since the area in focus is to far away from the probe. The area in focus is the confocal parameter centered around the waist. 
     In attempts to correct for aberration and adjust the optical parameters, the use of a spacer placed between the optical fiber(s) and the lens has been attempted. Indeed, the variance of the spacer is an important factor for determining the waist and the working distance of a probe because as a spacer length increases, the waist becomes smaller and the working distance becomes shorter. 
       FIG. 4  illustrates an optical probe  400  having a GRIN lens  410  directly connected to a prism  420  using epoxy  415 . Positioned prior to GRIN lens  410  is a spacer  430 , and connected thereto also using an epoxy  425 . One or more optical fibers (not shown) would be connected to an end  435  of spacer  430 . A sheath  440  is also illustrated in  FIG. 4 . Sheath  440  includes an inner surface  442  defining a passageway  444  having lens  410 , prism  420  and spacer  430  removably disposed therein. An end  446  of sheath  440  defines a blunt tip. 
     Table 2A lists the specifications of the components of optical probe  400 . As shown in Table 2A, GRIN lens  410  has a thickness of 3.0000 mm defined by the distance between an end  445  of lens  410  and an opposite end  450  of lens  410  and spacer  430  has a thickness of 1.000 mm defined by the distance between end  455  and an opposite end  460  of spacer  430 . As shown in  FIG. 4 , end  445  directly engages end  460  and end  455  is positioned opposite end  450 . Table 2B lists the resulting beam characteristics of probe  400 . As shown in Table 2B, the configuration of probe  400  of  FIG. 4  results in a very short focal length and thus a very short working distance and a very small waist. The resulting unacceptable Rayleigh Range Rz is approximately 0.06 mm. 
     Another attempt was made to adjust the optical parameters into proper working ranges.  FIG. 5  illustrates an optical probe  500  having a GRIN lens  510  directly connected to a prism  520  using epoxy  515 . One or more optical fibers (not shown) would be connected to an end  535  of GRIN lens  510 . A sheath  530  is also illustrated in  FIG. 5 . Sheath  530  includes an inner surface  532  defining a passageway  534  having lens  510  and prism  520  removably disposed therein. An end  536  of sheath  530  defines a blunt tip. 
     Table 3A lists the specifications of the components of optical probe  500 . As shown in Table 3A, GRIN lens  510  has a thickness of 3.9200 mm defined by the distance between end  535  an opposite end  540  of lens  510 . Table 3B lists the resulting beam characteristics of probe  500 . As shown in Table 3B, the configuration of probe  500  of  FIG. 5  results in a very short focal length and thus a very short working distance and a very small waist. The resulting unacceptable Rayleigh Range Rz is approximately 0.1 mm. 
     A further attempt was made to adjust the optical parameters into proper working ranges.  FIG. 6  illustrates an optical probe  600  having a GRIN lens  610  connected directly to a prism  620  using epoxy  615 . Positioned prior to GRIN lens  610  is spacer  630 , and connected thereto also using an epoxy  625  or fusion spliced. One or more optical fibers (not shown) would be connected to an end  650  of spacer  630 . A sheath  635  is also illustrated in  FIG. 6 . Sheath  635  includes an inner surface  660  defining a passageway  662  having lens  610 , prism  620  and spacer  630  removably disposed therein. An end  664  of sheath  635  defines a blunt tip. 
     Table 4A lists the specifications of the components of optical probe  600 . As shown in Table 4A, GRIN lens/fiber  610  has a thickness of 0.1200 mm defined by the distance between an end  640  of lens  610  and an opposite end  645  of lens  610  and spacer  630  has a thickness of 0.6000 mm defined by the distance between end  650  and an opposite end  655  of spacer  630 . As shown in  FIG. 6 , end  640  directly engages end  655  and end  650  is positioned opposite end  645 . Table 4B lists the resulting beam characteristics of probe  600 . As shown in Table 4B, the configuration of probe  600  of  FIG. 6  results in a long focal length with a short working distance, achieving close to the desired optical performance. However, issues arise from manufacturing with tight tolerances of the GRIN lens and spacer (less than +/−1.2 micron for the GRIN and less than +/−10 micron for the spacer). 
     An optical probe must be specifically manufactured to conform to the optical parameters discussed above to be effective for esophageal imaging. Indeed, esophageal imaging requires probes of specific design to properly image into surrounding tissue T. When using an optical probe for esophageal imaging, a short working distance with large confocal parameter is required. In all of the prior attempts the manufacturing tolerances are extremely tight and do not allow for the production of an optical probe that is simple to manufacture and conforms to the optical parameters required in esophageal imaging. 
     The claimed optical probes differ from the experimental designs discussed above in that a spacer is positioned between a GRIN lens and a prism in each of the optical probes. This design allows for a probe with aberration correction of the outer sheath that is inexpensive to manufacture, possesses much lower tolerances to the manufacturing specifications, and has a short working distance with a large confocal parameter. In some embodiments, the spacer is fused to at least one of the GRIN lens and the prism and the spacer is formed of fused silica. 
       FIG. 7  illustrates an optical probe  700  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. Probe  700  includes at least one lens, such as, for example, a GRIN lens  710  extending between an end  712  and an opposite end  714  along an axis A. One or more optical fibers (not shown) may be connected to end  712 . The optical fiber(s) may be connected to a light source, such as, for example, a coherent light source. End  714  is directly connected to an end  722  of a spacer  720  that extends between end  722  and an opposite end  724  In some embodiments, end  714  is connected to end  722  by fusing end  714  to end  722  together or using an epoxy to glue the components together. End  712  is positioned opposite end  724  such that lens  710  and spacer  720  are coaxial. In one embodiment, an outer surface of lens  710  is flush with an outer surface of spacer  720  when spacer  720  is connected to lens  710 . In some embodiments, lens  710  is a ball lens, conventional lens, or molded lens with a given thickness to perform similar to the GRIN lens. In some embodiments, probe  700  includes one lens  710  or a plurality of lenses  710 . In some embodiments, spacer  720  is formed from a material that is different from a material from which lens  710  is formed. In some embodiments, spacer  720  comprises fused silica. In some embodiments, spacer  720  comprises glass. In some embodiments, spacer  720  comprises an air gap, plastic, index controlled liquid, or any other substance highly transmissive and close to the index of refraction of the prism and lens which aids in manufacturing. 
     In some embodiments, lens  710  is fused to spacer  720 . In some embodiments, lens  710  is connected to spacer  720  using epoxy  715 . In some embodiments, epoxy  715  is selected to match closely to the index of refraction of the adjoining components to reduce Fresnel Reflection and maintain high transmission In some embodiments, epoxy  715  is an epoxy manufactured by optical adhesive manufactured by Norland Products Inc. or an EpoTek optical adhesive. In some embodiments, epoxy  715  closely matches the index of refraction of at least one of lens  710  and spacer  720 . In one embodiment, the index of refraction of GRIN lens  710  is 1.52 and the index of refraction spacer  720  is 1.467. In some embodiments, epoxy  715  is curable by, for example, UV light. In some embodiments, lens  710  is connected to spacer  720  by frictional engagement, threaded engagement, mutual grooves, screws, adhesive, nails, barbs and/or raised element. 
     Positioned after spacer  720  is a prism  730 . Prism  730  extends between an end  731  and an opposite end  733  along axis A such that prism  730  is coaxial with lens  710  and spacer  720 . End  731  directly connected to end  724  by fusing end  731  to end  724  or using an epoxy to glue end  731  to end  724 . In one embodiment, prism  730  is a mirror. In some embodiments, prism  730  comprises glass, plastic or fluorite. In some embodiments, prism  730  is, an Amici roof prism, or a Bauernfeind prism. 
     In some embodiments, prism  730  is fused to spacer  720 . In some embodiments, prism  730  is connected to spacer  720  using epoxy  725 . In some embodiments, epoxy  725  is selected to match closely to the index of refraction of the adjoining components to reduce Fresnel Reflection and maintain high transmission. That is, in some embodiments, epoxy  725  closely matches the index of refraction of at least one of spacer  720  and prism  730 . In some embodiments, epoxy  725  is curable by, for example, UV light and/or heat. In some embodiments, spacer  720  is connected to prism  730  by frictional engagement, threaded engagement, mutual grooves, screws, adhesive, nails, barbs and/or raised element. 
     In one embodiment, lens  710  has a thickness defined by the distance between ends  712 ,  714  that is equivalent or approximately equivalent to (i.e. within 0 to 1%) a thickness of spacer  720 , the thickness of spacer  720  being defined by the distance between ends  722 ,  724 . In one embodiment, the thickness of lens  710  is greater than the thickness of spacer  720 . In one embodiment, the thickness of spacer  720  is between about 50% to about 99% of the thickness of lens. In one embodiment, the thickness of spacer  720  is between about 75% to about 95% of the thickness of lens. In one embodiment, the thickness of spacer  720  is between about 85% to about 90% of the thickness of lens. In one embodiment, the thickness of lens  710  is less than the thickness of spacer  720 . In some embodiments, lens  710  has a thickness between about 0.5 mm and about 5.0 mm and spacer  720  has a thickness between about 0.5 mm and about 5.0 mm. 
     A sheath  740  is also illustrated in  FIG. 7 . Sheath  740  includes an inner surface  742  defining a passageway  744  having lens  710 , spacer  720  and prism  730  removably disposed therein such that lens  710 , spacer  720  and prism  730  are rotatable within passageway  744 . An end  746  of sheath  740  is closed so as to define a blunt tip. In some embodiments, at least one of lens  710 , spacer  720  and prism  730  are fixed to sheath  740  by, for example, adhesive applied to an outer surface of lens  710 , spacer  720  and/or prism  730  and surface  742 . In some embodiments, sheath  740  comprises a flexible material. In some embodiments, sheath  740  comprises a rigid material. In some embodiments, sheath  740  comprises at least one section comprising a rigid material and at least one section that comprises a flexible material, the section(s) that comprise(s) the rigid material being distinct from the section(s) that comprise(s) the flexible material. In some embodiments, sheath  740  comprises a non-metal material. In some embodiments, sheath  740  is transparent. In some embodiments, sheath  740  is not transparent and includes one or more openings extending through surface  742  and an outer surface of sheath  740  configured for passage of optical energy, such as, for example, a light path. 
     Table 5A lists the specifications of the components of one embodiment of optical probe  700 . As shown in Table 5A, in one embodiment of optical probe  700 , GRIN lens  710  has a thickness of 3.0000 mm defined by the distance between ends  712 ,  714  and spacer  720  has a thickness of 2.6500 mm defined by the distance between ends  722 ,  724 . The combined length of GRIN lens  710  and spacer  720  of 5.6500 mm is prohibitive in most applications since a long optical probe would damage surrounding tissue in tight locations, e.g. an artery. However, esophageal imaging allows for a probe having a greater length thus permitting the dimensions associated with a probe in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. 
     Table 5B lists the resulting beam characteristics of the embodiment of probe  700  detailed in Table 5A. As shown in Table 5B, the configuration of probe  700  of  FIG. 7  results in a large waist and a short working distance with a large confocal parameter. For example, the beam of the embodiment of probe  700  detailed in Table 5A yields a waist 1/e 2  radius of 20.6 μm-20.0 μm, a working distance of 1.6 mm after sheath  740 , and a confocal parameter of 2.0 mm in air (2.8 mm in tissue). The confocal parameter allows for imaging 2-3 mm deep into surrounding tissue when optical probe  700  is positioned within the anatomy of a patient, such as, for example, in the patient&#39;s esophagus. The resulting Rayleigh Range Rz is approximately 1.0 mm in air (1.4 mm in tissue). 
     Adjustments to the lengths of GRIN lens  710  and spacer  720  within the parameters discussed above allow for adjustment with very tight tolerances to the spot size (i.e. waist) and working distance. Increasing the thickness of GRIN lens  710  decreases the spot size and a decreasing the thickness of GRIN lens  710  increases the spot size. Increasing the thickness of spacer  720  decreases the working distance and a decreasing the thickness of spacer  720  increases the working distance. The tolerances are proportional to the thickness of GRIN lens  710  and thus may be adjusted for by keeping GRIN lens  710  within a preferred range of +/−1% effective focal length from nominal. In one embodiment, lens  710  has a thickness of 3.000 mm will have +/−30 μm). 
     Problems with aberrations and back reflection are typical in conventional probes. This typically occurs when mating and other surfaces are perpendicular to a light path. Conventional optical probes force this correction by maintaining tight tolerances to component design, while maintaining the perpendicular surfaces. This is usual in the designing of conventional optical probes because the assembly of perpendicular surfaces makes for easier manufacturing. 
     In order to address the aberrations and back reflection issues, optical probe  700  has been designed such that mating surfaces of probe  700 , such as, for example, end surfaces defined by ends  710 ,  712 ,  722 ,  724 ,  731  are not perpendicular to a light path L after light path L reflects from or pass through prism  730 . In some embodiments, surfaces of one or more optical fibers  745 , end surfaces of ends  712 ,  714  of GRIN lens  710 , end surfaces of ends  722 ,  724  of spacer  720  and upper and lower surfaces  732 ,  734  of prism  730  are all off perpendicular to light path L. Optical fiber(s)  745  is/are connected to end  712 . In some embodiments, optical fiber(s)  745  are surrounded by a casing  750 . In some embodiments, end surfaces of ends  710 ,  712 ,  722 ,  724  are all angled between about 1 and about 10 degrees relative to light path L. In one embodiment, end surfaces of ends  710 ,  712 ,  722 ,  724  are all angled relative to axis A such that none of ends  710 ,  712 ,  722 ,  724  are perpendicular to axis A. In some embodiments, ends  710 ,  712 ,  722 ,  724  are angled 4 degrees relative to light path L. In some embodiments, prism  730  is a cylindrical right angle prism. Any gaps or defects that may exist between components of probe  700 , such as, for example, between lens  710  and spacer  720  and/or between spacer  720  and prism  730  are corrected for by epoxies, such as, for example, epoxy  715  and/or epoxy  725 , between the mating surfaces. 
     The present disclosure has been described herein in connection with an optical imaging system including an OCT probe. Other applications are contemplated. For example, it is envisioned that the devices disclosed herein may be used for imaging any portion of a patient&#39;s anatomy, such as, for example, a patient&#39;s esophagus, lungs, liver and/or portions related to the patient&#39;s esophagus, lungs or liver, such as, for example, bile ducts. 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 1A 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Lens Data Manager 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                 Surface 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Refract 
                 Y 
                 X 
                 Non-Centered 
               
               
                 Surface # 
                 Surface Name 
                 Type 
                 Y Radius 
                 X Radius 
                 Thickness 
                 Glass 
                 Mode 
                 Semi-Aperture 
                 Semi-Aperture 
                 Data 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Object 
                   
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 1 
                   
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.0000 
                 0.0000 
               
               
                 Stop 
                 SMF26_EN 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0100 
                 SILICA_S 
                 Refract 
                 0.1000 
                 0.1000 
               
               
                 3 
                 Spacer 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                 SILICA_S 
                 Refract 
                 0.5000 
                 0.5000 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                 4 
                 Grin Len 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 3.2810 
                 SLW10_NS 
                 Refract 
                 0.3000 
                 0.3000 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                 5 
                 Dummy Su 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.5000 
                 0.5000 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                 6 
                 Right An 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.3550 
                 SILICA_S 
                 Refract 
                 0.3550 
                 0.3550 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                 7 
                 Right An 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 −0.3550 
                 SILICA_S 
                 Reflect 
                 0.5020 
                 0.3550 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Bend 
               
               
                 8 
                   
                 X Toroid 
                 Infinity 
                 3.8480 
                 −0.3450 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.3550 
                 0.3550 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Bend 
               
               
                 9 
                 Inner_Tu 
                 X Toroid 
                 Infinity 
                 0.7000 
                 −0.2000 
                 Vestami 
                 Refract 
                 0.3550 
                 0.5000 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Bend 
               
               
                 10  
                   
                 X Toroid 
                 Infinity 
                 0.9000 
                 −1.6000 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.3550 
                 0.5000 
               
               
                 11  
                   
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.3917 
                 0.3917 
               
               
                 Image 
                   
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.3805 
                 0.3805 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 1B 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Gaussian Beam Propagation 
               
               
                 Zemax Optical Probe Converted 
               
               
                 WAVELENGTH = 1300.0 nm 
               
               
                 Dimensions = Millimeters 
               
               
                 POSITION 
               
               
                 FIELD POSITION = (0.00, 0.00) 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 WAVEFRONT 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 RADIUS OF 
               
               
                   
                   
                 BEAM 
                   
                 CURVATURE 
                   
                 WAIST RADIUS 
               
               
                   
                   
                 RADIUS ON 
                 BEAM 
                 BEFORE 
                 PHASE 
                 BEFORE 
               
               
                   
                 PROPAGATION DISTANCE 
                 SURFACE 
                 ORIENTATION 
                 REFRACTION 
                 ORIENTATION 
                 REFRACTION 
               
             
          
           
               
                 SUR 
                 TO NEXT SURFACE 
                 X 
                 Y 
                 (DEGREES) 
                 X 
                 Y 
                 (DEGREES) 
                 X 
                 Y 
                 DISTANCE 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 OBJ 
                 0.0000 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0 
                 INF 
                 INF 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 −0.0000 
               
               
                 1 
                 0.0000 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0 
                 INF 
                 INF 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 −0.0000 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.0100 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0 
                 INF 
                 INF 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 −0.0000 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.0000 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0047 
                 0.0 
                 −0.5574 
                 −0.5574 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0000 
               
               
                 4 
                 3.2803 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0047 
                 0.0 
                 −0.5574 
                 −0.5574 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0000 
               
               
                 5 
                 0.0000 
                 0.0874 
                 0.0876 
                 0.0 
                 4.0374 
                 4.0366 
                 0.0 
                 0.0119 
                 0.0119 
                 −3.9627 
               
               
                 6 
                 0.3482 
                 0.0874 
                 0.0876 
                 0.0 
                 2.5367 
                 2.5211 
                 0.0 
                 0.0119 
                 0.0119 
                 −2.4898 
               
               
                 7 
                 −0.3623 
                 0.0791 
                 0.1219 
                 0.0 
                 3.3295 
                 3.3323 
                 0.0 
                 0.0119 
                 0.0119 
                 −3.2543 
               
               
                 8 
                 −0.3508 
                 0.0705 
                 0.0707 
                 0.0 
                 −2.9766 
                 −2.9795 
                 0.0 
                 0.0119 
                 0.0119 
                 2.8920 
               
               
                 9 
                 −0.2015 
                 0.0557 
                 0.0592 
                 0.0 
                 −1.3168 
                 −1.7067 
                 0.0 
                 0.0096 
                 0.0119 
                 1.2772 
               
               
                 10  
                 −1.6277 
                 0.0554 
                 0.0547 
                 0.0 
                 −40.8499 
                 −2.4153 
                 0.0 
                 0.0534 
                 0.0120 
                 2.8127 
               
               
                 11  
                 0.0663 
                 0.0123 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0 
                 3.8118 
                 1.0606 
                 0.0 
                 0.0122 
                 0.0119 
                 −0.0343 
               
               
                 IMG 
                   
                 0.0123 
                 0.0120 
                 0.0 
                 −4.0899 
                 2.0701 
                 0.0 
                 0.0122 
                 0.0119 
                 0.0319 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 2A 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Y 
                 X 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Surface 
                 Surface 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Refract 
                 Semi- 
                 Semi- 
                 Non-Centered 
               
               
                 Surface # 
                 Name 
                 Type 
                 Y Radius 
                 X Radius 
                 Thickness 
                 Glass 
                 Mode 
                 Aperture 
                 Aperture 
                 Data 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Object 
                   
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 1 
                   
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.0000 
                 0.0000 
               
               
                 Stop 
                 SMF28_En 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.1000 
                 SILICA_S 
                 Refract 
                 0.1000 
                 0.1000 
               
               
                 3 
                 Spacer 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 1.0000 
                 SILICA_S 
                 Refract 
                 0.5000 
                 0.5000 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                 4 
                 Grin Len 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 3.0000 
                 SLO10_NS 
                 Refract 
                 0.3000 
                 0.3000 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                 5 
                 Dummy Su 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.5000 
                 0.5000 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                 6 
                 Right An 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.3550 
                 SILICA_S 
                 Refract 
                 0.3550 
                 0.3550 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                 7 
                 Right An 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 −0.3550 
                 SILICA_S 
                 Reflect 
                 0.5020 
                 0.5020 
                 Becenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Bend 
               
               
                 8 
                   
                 X Toroid 
                 Infinity 
                 3.8480 
                 −0.3450 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.3550 
                 0.3550 
                 Becenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Bend 
               
               
                 9 
                 Inner_Tu 
                 X Toroid 
                 Infinity 
                 0.7000 
                 −0.2000 
                 Vestami 
                 Refract 
                 0.5000 
                 0.5000 
                 Becenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Bend 
               
               
                 10  
                   
                 X Toroid 
                 Infinity 
                 0.9000 
                 −0.0500 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.5000 
                 0.5000 
               
               
                 11  
                   
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.1008 
                 0.1008 
               
               
                 Image 
                   
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.0965 
                 0.0965 
                 Decenter 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 2B 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Gaussian Beam Propagation 
               
               
                 WAVELENGTH = 1300.0 NM 
               
               
                 Dimensions = Millimeters 
               
               
                 POSITION 
               
               
                 FIELD POSITION = (0.00, 0.00) 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 WAVEFRONT 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 RADIUS OF 
               
               
                   
                   
                 BEAM 
                   
                 CURVATURE 
                   
                 WAIST RADIUS 
               
               
                   
                   
                 RADIUS ON 
                 BEAM 
                 BEFORE 
                 PHASE 
                 BEFORE 
               
               
                   
                 PROPAGATION DISTANCE 
                 SURFACE 
                 ORIENTATION 
                 REFRACTION 
                 ORIENTATION 
                 REFRACTION 
               
             
          
           
               
                 SUR 
                 TO NEXT SURFACE 
                 X 
                 Y 
                 (DEGREES) 
                 X 
                 Y 
                 (DEGREES) 
                 X 
                 Y 
                 DISTANCE X 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 OBJ 
                 0.0000 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0 
                 INF 
                 INF 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 −0.0000 
               
               
                 1 
                 0.0000 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0 
                 INF 
                 INF 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 −0.0000 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.0100 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0 
                 INF 
                 INF 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 −0.0000 
               
               
                 3 
                 1.0000 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0047 
                 0.0 
                 −0.5574 
                 −0.5574 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0100 
               
               
                 4 
                 2.9993 
                 0.0630 
                 0.0631 
                 0.0 
                 −1.0154 
                 −1.0154 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 1.0100 
               
               
                 5 
                 0.0000 
                 0.0787 
                 0.0789 
                 0.0 
                 1.6102 
                 1.6088 
                 0.0 
                 0.0053 
                 0.0053 
                 −1.6029 
               
               
                 6 
                 0.3472 
                 0.0787 
                 0.0789 
                 0.0 
                 1.0117 
                 1.0038 
                 0.0 
                 0.0053 
                 0.0053 
                 −1.0071 
               
               
                 7 
                 −0.3633 
                 0.0600 
                 0.0923 
                 0.0 
                 1.1188 
                 1.1172 
                 0.0 
                 0.0053 
                 0.0053 
                 −1.1100 
               
               
                 8 
                 −0.3506 
                 0.406 
                 0.0406 
                 0.0 
                 −0.7597 
                 −0.7282 
                 0.0 
                 0.0053 
                 0.0053 
                 0.7468 
               
               
                 9 
                 −0.2015 
                 0.0124 
                 0.0139 
                 0.0 
                 −0.1635 
                 −0.1894 
                 0.0 
                 0.0050 
                 0.0053 
                 0.1367 
               
               
                 10  
                 −0.0509 
                 0.0056 
                 0.0059 
                 0.0 
                 −0.6310 
                 −0.2849 
                 0.0 
                 0.0055 
                 0.0053 
                 0.0203 
               
               
                 11  
                 0.0160 
                 0.0061 
                 0.0057 
                 0.0 
                 0.1898 
                 0.2313 
                 0.0 
                 0.0055 
                 0.0053 
                 −0.0344 
               
               
                 IMG 
                   
                 0.0057 
                 0.0053 
                 0.0 
                 0.3097 
                 0.7957 
                 0.0 
                 0.0055 
                 0.0053 
                 −0.0183 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 3A 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Lens Data Manager 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                 Surface 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Refract 
                 Y 
                 X 
                 Non-Centered 
               
               
                 Surface # 
                 Surface Name 
                 Type 
                 Y Radius 
                 X Radius 
                 Thickness 
                 Glass 
                 Mode 
                 Semi-Aperture 
                 Semi-Aperture 
                 Data 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Object 
                   
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 1 
                   
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.0000 
                 0.0000 
               
               
                 Stop 
                 SMF28_EN 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0100 
                 SILICA_S 
                 Refract 
                 0.1000 
                 0.1000 
               
               
                 3 
                 Spacer 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                 SILICA_S 
                 Refract 
                 0.5000 
                 0.5000 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                 4 
                 Grin Len 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 3.9200 
                 SLW10_NS 
                 Refract 
                 0.3000 
                 0.3000 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                 5 
                 Dummy Su 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.5000 
                 0.5000 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                 6 
                 Right An 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.3550 
                 SILICA_S 
                 Refract 
                 0.3550 
                 0.3550 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                 7 
                 Right An 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 −0.3550 
                 SILICA_S 
                 Reflect 
                 0.5020 
                 0.3550 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Bend 
               
               
                 8 
                   
                 X Toroid 
                 Infinity 
                 3.8480 
                 −0.3450 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.3550 
                 0.3550 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Bend 
               
               
                 9 
                 Inner_Tu 
                 X Toroid 
                 Infinity 
                 0.7000 
                 −0.2000 
                 Vestami 
                 Refract 
                 0.5000 
                 0.5000 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Bend 
               
               
                 10  
                   
                 X Toroid 
                 Infinity 
                 0.9000 
                 −1.1000 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.5000 
                 0.5000 
               
               
                 11  
                   
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.1145 
                 0.1145 
               
               
                 Image 
                   
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.1101 
                 0.1101 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 3B 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Gaussian Beam Propagation 
               
               
                 WAVELENGTH = 1300.0 NM 
               
               
                 Dimensions = Millimeters 
               
               
                 POSITION 
               
               
                 FIELD POSITION = (0.00, 0.00) 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 WAVEFRONT 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 RADIUS OF 
               
               
                   
                   
                 BEAM 
                   
                 CURVATURE 
                   
                 WAIST RADIUS 
               
               
                   
                   
                 RADIUS ON 
                 BEAM 
                 BEFORE 
                 PHASE 
                 BEFORE 
               
               
                   
                 PROPAGATION DISTANCE 
                 SURFACE 
                 ORIENTATION 
                 REFRACTION 
                 ORIENTATION 
                 REFRACTION 
               
             
          
           
               
                 SUR 
                 TO NEXT SURFACE 
                 X 
                 Y 
                 (DEGREES) 
                 X 
                 Y 
                 (DEGREES) 
                 X 
                 Y 
                 DISTANCE X 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 OBJ 
                 0.0000 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0 
                 INF 
                 INF 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 −0.0000 
               
               
                 1 
                 0.0000 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0 
                 INF 
                 INF 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 −0.0000 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.0100 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0 
                 INF 
                 INF 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 −0.0000 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.0000 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0047 
                 0.0 
                 −0.5574 
                 −0.5574 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0100 
               
               
                 4 
                 3.9195 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0047 
                 0.0 
                 −0.5574 
                 −0.5574 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0100 
               
               
                 5 
                 0.0000 
                 0.0677 
                 0.0678 
                 0.0 
                 1.7153 
                 1.7150 
                 0.0 
                 0.0066 
                 0.0066 
                 −1.6992 
               
               
                 6 
                 0.3516 
                 0.0677 
                 0.0678 
                 0.0 
                 1.0777 
                 1.0691 
                 0.0 
                 0.0066 
                 0.0065 
                 −1.0676 
               
               
                 7 
                 −0.3591 
                 0.0524 
                 0.0809 
                 0.0 
                 1.2121 
                 1.2111 
                 0.0 
                 0.0066 
                 0.0066 
                 −1.1931 
               
               
                 8 
                 −0.3513 
                 0.369 
                 0.0370 
                 0.0 
                 −0.8612 
                 −0.8603 
                 0.0 
                 0.0066 
                 0.0066 
                 0.8341 
               
               
                 9 
                 −0.2016 
                 0.0142 
                 0.0157 
                 0.0 
                 −0.2338 
                 −0.2687 
                 0.0 
                 0.0061 
                 0.0065 
                 0.1899 
               
               
                 10  
                 −0.1018 
                 0.0084 
                 0.0088 
                 0.0 
                 −0.4062 
                 −0.3198 
                 0.0 
                 0.0071 
                 0.0066 
                 0.1142 
               
               
                 11  
                 0.0190 
                 0.0069 
                 0.0067 
                 0.0 
                 0.631 
                 0.8110 
                 0.0 
                 0.0068 
                 0.0065 
                 −0.0214 
               
               
                 IMG 
                   
                 0.0068 
                 0.0065 
                 0.0 
                 5.0095 
                 −1.9007 
                 0.0 
                 0.0068 
                 0.0065 
                 −0.0024 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 4A 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Lens Data Manager 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                 Surface 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Refract 
                 Y 
                 X 
                 Non-Centered 
               
               
                 Surface # 
                 Surface Name 
                 Type 
                 Y Radius 
                 X Radius 
                 Thickness 
                 Glass 
                 Mode 
                 Semi-Aperture 
                 Semi-Aperture 
                 Data 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Object 
                   
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 1 
                   
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.0000 
                 0.0000 
               
               
                 Stop 
                 SMF28_EN 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0100 
                 SILICA_S 
                 Refract 
                 0.1000 
                 0.1000 
               
               
                 3 
                 Spacer 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.6000 
                 SILICA_S 
                 Refract 
                 0.1000 
                 0.1000 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                 4 
                 Grin Len 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.1200 
                 SLW10_NS 
                 Refract 
                 0.1000 
                 0.1000 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                 5 
                 Dummy Su 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.1000 
                 0.1000 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                 6 
                 Right An 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.3550 
                 SILICA_S 
                 Refract 
                 0.3550 
                 0.3550 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                 7 
                 Right An 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 −0.3550 
                 SILICA_S 
                 Reflect 
                 0.5020 
                 0.3550 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Bend 
               
               
                 8 
                   
                 X Toroid 
                 Infinity 
                 3.8480 
                 −0.3450 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.3550 
                 0.3550 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Bend 
               
               
                 9 
                 Inner_Tu 
                 X Toroid 
                 Infinity 
                 0.7000 
                 −0.2000 
                 Vestami 
                 Refract 
                 0.5000 
                 0.5000 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Bend 
               
               
                 10  
                   
                 X Toroid 
                 Infinity 
                 0.9000 
                 −1.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.5000 
                 0.5000 
               
               
                 11  
                   
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 −1.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.2820 
                 0.2820 
               
               
                 Image 
                   
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.4220 
                 0.4220 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 4B 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Gaussian Beam Propagation 
               
               
                 WAVELENGTH = 1300.0 NM 
               
               
                 Dimensions = Millimeters 
               
               
                 POSITION 
               
               
                 FIELD POSITION = (0.00, 0.00) 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 WAVEFRONT 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 RADIUS OF 
               
               
                   
                   
                 BEAM 
                   
                 CURVATURE 
                   
                 WAIST RADIUS 
               
               
                   
                 PROPAGATION 
                 RADIUS ON 
                   
                 BEFORE 
                 PHASE 
                 BEFORE 
               
               
                   
                 DISTANCE TO 
                 SURFACE 
                 BEAM ORIENTATION 
                 REFRACTION 
                 ORIENTATION 
                 REFRACTION 
                 DISTANCE 
               
             
          
           
               
                 SUR 
                 NEXT SURFACE 
                 X 
                 Y 
                 (DEGREES) 
                 X 
                 Y 
                 (DEGREES) 
                 X 
                 Y 
                 X 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 OBJ 
                 0.0000 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0 
                 INF 
                 INF 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 −0.0000 
               
               
                 1 
                 0.0000 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0 
                 INF 
                 INF 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 −0.0000 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.0100 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0 
                 INF 
                 INF 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 −0.0000 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.6000 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0047 
                 0.0 
                 −0.5574 
                 −0.5574 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0100 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.1200 
                 0.0382 
                 0.0383 
                 0.0 
                 −0.6190 
                 −0.6190 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.6100 
               
               
                 5 
                 0.0000 
                 0.0414 
                 0.0415 
                 0.0 
                 4.8938 
                 4.8855 
                 0.0 
                 0.0258 
                 0.0257 
                 −2.9944 
               
               
                 6 
                 0.3548 
                 0.0414 
                 0.0415 
                 0.0 
                 3.2911 
                 3.237 
                 0.0 
                 0.0258 
                 0.0258 
                 −2.0137 
               
               
                 7 
                 −0.3552 
                 0.0383 
                 0.0585 
                 0.0 
                 4.6633 
                 4.6639 
                 0.0 
                 0.0258 
                 0.0258 
                 −2.5589 
               
               
                 8 
                 −0.3501 
                 0.0355 
                 0.0356 
                 0.0 
                 −4.6473 
                 −4.6481 
                 0.0 
                 0.0258 
                 0.0258 
                 2.2037 
               
               
                 9 
                 −0.2013 
                 0.0305 
                 0.0323 
                 0.0 
                 −2.2565 
                 −3.3502 
                 0.0 
                 0.0216 
                 0.0257 
                 1.1224 
               
               
                 10  
                 −1.0148 
                 0.0317 
                 0.0311 
                 0.0 
                 5.1654 
                 −5.3288 
                 0.0 
                 0.0259 
                 0.0259 
                 −1.7080 
               
               
                 11  
                 −0.9412 
                 0.0266 
                 0.0261 
                 0.0 
                 −30.8349 
                 −143.9934 
                 0.0 
                 0.0256 
                 0.0257 
                 0.0939 
               
               
                 IMG 
                   
                 0.0296 
                 0.0297 
                 0.0 
                 4.2543 
                 3.6796 
                 0.0 
                 0.0256 
                 0.0257 
                 −08473 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 5A 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Lens Data Manager 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                 Surface 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Refract 
                 Y 
                 X 
                 Non-Centered 
               
               
                 Surface # 
                 Surface Name 
                 Type 
                 Y Radius 
                 X Radius 
                 Thickness 
                 Glass 
                 Mode 
                 Semi-Aperture 
                 Semi-Aperture 
                 Data 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Object 
                   
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 1 
                   
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.0000 
                 0.0000 
               
               
                 Stop 
                 SMF28_EN 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0100 
                 SILICA_S 
                 Refract 
                 0.1000 
                 0.1000 
               
               
                 3 
                 Spacer 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                 SILICA_S 
                 Refract 
                 0.5000 
                 0.5000 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                 4 
                 Grin Len 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 3.0000 
                 SLW10_NS 
                 Refract 
                 0.3000 
                 0.3000 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                 5 
                 Dummy Su 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 2.6500 
                 SILICA_S 
                 Refract 
                 0.1961 
                 0.1961 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                 6 
                 Right An 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.5000 
                 0.5000 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                 7 
                 Right An 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.3550 
                 SILICA_S 
                 Refract 
                 0.3550 
                 0.3550 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Bend 
               
               
                 8 
                 Right An 
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                   
                 −0.3550 
                 SILICA_S 
                 Reflect 
                 0.5020 
                 0.3550 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Bend 
               
               
                 9 
                   
                 X Toroid 
                 Infinity 
                 3.8480 
                 −0.3450 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.3550 
                 0.3550 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Bend 
               
               
                 10  
                 Inner_Tu 
                 X Toroid 
                 Infinity 
                 0.7000 
                 −0.2000 
                 Vestami 
                 Refract 
                 0.5000 
                 0.5000 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Bend 
               
               
                 11  
                   
                 XToroid 
                 Infinity 
                 0.9000 
                 −1.6000 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.5000 
                 0.5000 
               
               
                 12  
                   
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                 Refract 
                 0.4035 
                 0.4035 
               
               
                 Image 
                   
                 Sphere 
                 Infinity 
                 Infinity 
                 0.0000 
                   
                   
                 0.3968 
                 0.3968 
                 Decenter &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Return 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 5B 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Gaussian Beam Propagation 
               
               
                 WAVELENGTH = 1300.0 NM 
               
               
                 Dimensions = Millimeters 
               
               
                 POSITION 
               
               
                 FIELD POSITION = (0.00, 0.00) 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 WAVEFRONT 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 RADIUS OF 
               
               
                   
                   
                 BEAM 
                   
                 CURVATURE 
                   
                 WAIST RADIUS 
               
               
                   
                 PROPAGATION 
                 RADIUS ON 
                 BEAM 
                 BEFORE 
                 PHASE 
                 BEFORE 
               
               
                   
                 DISTANCE TO NEXT 
                 SURFACE 
                 ORIENTATION 
                 REFRACTION 
                 ORIENTATION 
                 REFRACTION 
               
             
          
           
               
                 SUR 
                 SURFACE 
                 X 
                 Y 
                 (DEGREES) 
                 X 
                 Y 
                 (DEGREES) 
                 X 
                 Y 
                 DISTANCE X 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 OBJ 
                 0.0000 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0 
                 INF 
                 INF 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 −0.0000 
               
               
                 1 
                 0.0000 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0 
                 INF 
                 INF 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 −0.0000 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.0100 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0 
                 INF 
                 INF 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 −0.0000 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.0000 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0047 
                 0.0 
                 −0.5574 
                 −0.5574 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0100 
               
               
                 4 
                 2.9993 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0047 
                 0.0 
                 −0.5574 
                 −0.5574 
                 0.0 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0046 
                 0.0100 
               
               
                 5 
                 2.6517 
                 0.0923 
                 0.0925 
                 0.0 
                 7.2881 
                 7.2860 
                 0.0 
                 0.0200 
                 0.0201 
                 −6.9440 
               
               
                 6 
                 0.0000 
                 0.0559 
                 0.0562 
                 0.0 
                 4.2005 
                 4.2188 
                 0.0 
                 0.0200 
                 0.0201 
                 −3.6611 
               
               
                 7 
                 0.3718 
                 0.0559 
                 0.0562 
                 0.0 
                 2.9031 
                 2.8961 
                 0.0 
                 0.0200 
                 0.0200 
                 −2.5303 
               
               
                 8 
                 −0.3386 
                 0.0510 
                 0.0786 
                 0.0 
                 3.8897 
                 3.9083 
                 0.0 
                 0.0200 
                 0.0201 
                 −3.2893 
               
               
                 9 
                 −0.3522 
                 0.0466 
                 0.0468 
                 0.0 
                 −3.6199 
                 −3.6389 
                 0.0 
                 0.0200 
                 0.0201 
                 2.9506 
               
               
                 10  
                 −0.2015 
                 0.0383 
                 0.0408 
                 0.0 
                 −1.6448 
                 −2.2429 
                 0.0 
                 0.0161 
                 0.0200 
                 1.3527 
               
               
                 11  
                 −1.6273 
                 0.0389 
                 0.0384 
                 0.0 
                 12.3893 
                 −3.2966 
                 0.0 
                 0.0356 
                 0.0202 
                 −2.0236 
               
               
                 12  
                 0.0694 
                 0.0206 
                 0.0205 
                 0.0 
                 −85.0579 
                 12.3541 
                 0.0 
                 0.0206 
                 0.0200 
                 0.0123 
               
               
                 IMG 
                   
                 0.0206 
                 0.0200 
                 0.0 
                 −12.8684 
                 126.6894 
                 0.0 
                 0.0206 
                 0.0200 
                 0.0816 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     While the preferred embodiments of the devices have been described in reference to the environment in which they were developed, they are merely illustrative of the principles of the devices. Modification or combinations of the above-described devices, other embodiments, configurations, and methods for carrying out the invention, and variations of aspects of the invention that are obvious to those of skill in the art are intended to be within the scope of the claims.