PATENT ABSTRACT
A system for preventing timeout of a client interface accessing a main Java Servlet executing in a first thread which monitors an application executing in a second thread. A task status object is accessed by the application to post its completion state and by the client interface responsive to a state refresh request to post a state refresh response including the completion state to the client. The state refresh response selectively includes a refresh attribute instructing the client to periodically post the state refresh request. Upon the application going to completion or error state, subsequent state refresh responses do not include the refresh attribute.

PATENT DESCRIPTION
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   1. Technical Field of the Invention 
   This invention relates to preventing timeout. More particularly, it relates to preventing timeout of a browser in a client/server system. 
   2. Background Art 
   Java Servlets are used in conjunction with web browsers. The web browser acts as the client. The servlet resides on the server side. When an event occurs on a web page, such as clicking on a “submit” button, user-entered data on the page, such as information to make an on-line purchase of goods, may be sent to the servlet for processing. The servlet then receives that data and takes appropriate actions, such as verifing the credit card number and checking inventory to make sure the purchase can be fulfilled. 
   If the servlet takes a lengthy period of time to process that data, the web browser may time-out and show an error message to the effect that the page being requested can not be obtained or that communication was lost with the web server. The servlet will eventually finish processing the user&#39;s data, but because of the timeout, the web page that the servlet returns to the browser after the data has been processed will go undisplayed. 
   Even if the data is able to be processed within the time-out period enforced by the browser, the processing may still be lengthy. Without a monitoring system that uses words and/or a pictorial to indicate the progress of the data processing to the user, the user would only see an hourglass while the mouse is hovering over the browser. This has been a source of frustration for users encountering this phenomenon. 
   It is an object of the invention to provide a system and method for avoiding premature timeout of a browser while awaiting completion of an application. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   A system and method for preventing timeout by initializing an application for execution; initializing a client state with a refresh attribute, the refresh attribute specifying a time interval for posting state refresh requests; responsive to the state refresh request from the client, returning to the client a refreshed application state selectively including a refresh attribute while the application is executing and not including the refresh attribute upon said application completing execution or going into an error state. 
   Other features and advantages of this invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the presently preferred embodiment of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       FIG. 1  represents a server/client system in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention. 
       FIG. 2  is a diagrammatic representation of the threads of  FIG. 1 . 
       FIGS. 3A-3C  are a flow chart of an exemplary embodiment of the method of the invention. 
       FIG. 4  is class diagram illustrating thread I of  FIG. 2 . 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
   In accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention, a system and method for monitoring task progress in a Java servlet is used to avoid premature timeout of a browser. In an exemplary embodiment, on periodic request from the browser, a bar graph representation of percentage of the task completion is returned from the servlet in a hypertext language markup, such as a JavaScript/HTML markup, on short time intervals (i.e., every 5 seconds). This bar graph can also be accompanied by text displaying any pertinent progress information. The instruction to request an updated representation of the progress is received by the browser in a meta tag from the servlet. This time interval is set to be less than the browser time-out value, so the browser will never time-out. The progress representation allows the user to see and understand how much progress has been made in completing the task, the browser does not timeout, and the user can estimate when the task will be completed. 
   Referring to  FIG. 1 , server  20  and client  30  are coupled through a network  22 . Server  20  has a servlet  24  running in thread I and an application task  26  running in thread II. Client  30  has a browser, in which progress bar  34  may be displayed responsive to servlet  24  indicating the state of completion of application task  26  in thread II. 
   In accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention, a meta tag is sent by servlet  24  in a first thread to keep a browser  32  from timing out during execution of application task  26  in a second thread. 
   A meta tag is a piece of html markup that describes a document, and can define an interval that sets a refresh interval: after that interval, a client returns to the server to get a new copy of the page being displayed at client. This meta tag is an existing part of html, and is used by the preferred embodiment of the present invention to refresh an html page with information from a Java servlet. 
   HTML and JavaScript at client browser displays progress bar/text at browser. Each time interval t the client goes to the server servlet  24  for an update for the progress bar  34 . That progress bar is tracking the progress of an application on a separate thread II. 
   Servlet  24  responds by building a new HTML page with JavaScript to send back to client  30  a new display for browser display  32  with progress bar  34  updated to reflect current progress of application  26 . When application  26  on thread II completes or goes to error state, the response from servlet  24  does not include the meta tag—so the page is done and no further refreshing is done in response to a meta tag. 
   Referring to  FIG. 2 , application  28  runs in thread II  26 , and as is represented by line  35  periodically posts its status (completion or error state) to task status  23 , which runs in thread  124 . Thread I also includes user interface  25 . As is represented by line  36 , user interface accesses task status  23  to ascertain the current status of application  28 . As is represented by line  37 , user interface initializes user  31  to an initial state which includes a meta tag having a refresh attribute t. As is further represented by line  37 , user  31 , responsive to that refresh attribute t, periodically posts a refresh request to user interface  25 , which responds with a new state including an updated representation of the status of application  28 . Until application  28  posts completion or error to task status  23 , user interface  25  will respond to refresh requests from user  31  with a state refresh that includes the refresh attribute. Upon task status  23  being posted by application  28  to error or complete state, the response from user interface  25  to user  31  will not include the refresh attribute t and user  31  ceases posting periodic refresh requests to user interface  25 . Refresh attribute t is set at a time interval less than the timeout period for user  31  so that, as long as user  31  receives and responds to a state refresh including the meta tag, user  31  will not timeout. 
   Referring to  FIGS. 3A-3C  in connection with  FIG. 1 , an exemplary embodiment of the invention is presented. In step  40 , a Java user interface class presents a series of HTML screens (a wizard) to the user, each for collecting data from him for setting up an application task  28  in thread II. Between each screen, in step  42 , the data on the page is submitted to the Java Servlet  24  and is stored in this Java class. In an exemplary embodiment, this servlet class  24  is represented by B2BCatalogPublishWizardForm. Once all data has been collected from the user, in step  44 , a subclass of ProgressBarTask is created (in this example, PublishTask). All data needed to perform the publish task is passed on to this newly created object. 
   In step  46 , the new ProgressBarTask creates a TaskStatus object, which holds the percentage complete of the task to run, and some message text set by the object user. The ProgressBarTask also owns a ProgressBar object. 
   Once all data is sent to the ProgressBarTask subclass (i.e. PublishTask) from the user interface class, the actual long task (such as a publishing application  28 ) is ready to be run. In step  48 , application task  28  is run in a separate thread II from servlet  24 , which runs in thread I. The ProgressBarTask subclass object is sent to the classes handling the long operation (publish) in that separate thread. Those classes are in charge of using the PublishTask object to set the TaskStatus that it owns with new percentages and messages when it reaches specific milestones. In step  50 , updates to task status are periodically posted to the progress bar object by progress bar task. This is the data that will be read every t seconds when an update is required. In step  52 , servlet  24  sends to browser  32  an HTML page with progress indicator  34  (initially set to 0% completion) and a meta tag with a refresh attribute of t. In step  54 , browser  32  displays progress bar  34 . 
   In step  56 , periodically, such as when an update is required to the HTML page with progress indicator  34 , the ProgressBar task takes the data from the TaskStatus object, and gives it to the ProgressBar object. The ProgressBar object uses that data to create a new HTML page to be returned in step  60  by the Java Servlet  24  to browser  32 . In step  60 , this HTML page contains a meta tag with a refresh attribute set to a default of t seconds. This will cause in step  54  a post to the Java Servlet  24  in t seconds, causing in step  56  the user interface class (i.e. B2BCatalogPublishWizardForm) to ask the ProgressBarTask subclass to get a new HTML page from ProgressBar. The meta tag with the refresh attribute is returned in step  60  in the HTML markup until in step  58  an error in or completion of task  26  is detected and, at that time, in step  62  the interface returns the HTML markup without the meta tag. This prevents an infinite refresh of the progress HTML page. When all updates are finished, in step  64  a button is presented on the HTML page that takes the user to another page so that he can continue with his use of the browser. 
   Summarizing, in this embodiment of the invention, a ProgressBarTask subclass is shared between two threads I and II. Thread I consumes the TaskStatus data from it, and user interface thread II updates it. Thread I is the user interface class which can make calls to get a new HTML page to show the user the current task status, and the thread II is the class or classes performing the actual task  26 . 
   The object model of  FIG. 4  and Tables I-IV illustrate how a progress indicator meta tag having a refresh attribute is used to prevent browser time-out during application execution when publishing large electronic catalog in Connect for the IBM iSeries. All objects of  FIG. 4  reside within Java servlet  24  (iSeries Connect is one Java Servlet). The Java code of Tables I-IV illustrate an exemplary embodiment of the invention for iSeries Connect. 
   Referring to  FIG. 4 , a class diagram illustrates progress bar task  10  (Table I), task status  12  (Table II), progress bar  14  (Table III), publish task  16  (Table IV), and application wizard  18 . As is represented by line  11 , progress bar task class  10  has a progress bar class  14 . As is represented by line  13 , progress bar task class  10  has a task status class  12 . As is represented by line  15 , publish task  16  extends progress bar task class  10 . As is represented by line  17 , application wizard class  18  has a publish task class  16 . 
   Progress bar task class  10  returns html to browser  32  which contains progress bar  34  information. Table I sets forth a Java code statement of an exemplary progress bar task class  10 . 
   
     
       
             
           
             
             
           
         
             
               TABLE I 
             
             
                 
             
             
               PROGRESSBAR TASK 
             
             
                 
             
           
           
             
                 
             
           
        
         
             
                 
               #status:TaskStatus 
             
             
                 
               #progressBar:ProgressBar 
             
             
                 
               #m_taskException:B2BCatalogExeption=null 
             
             
                 
               #m_trace:B2BServletTraceLogger 
             
             
                 
               #m_catBundle:CatalogResourceBundle 
             
             
                 
               #ProgressBarTask( ) 
             
             
                 
               #ProgressBarTask(refreshRate:int) 
             
             
                 
               +getProgressHTML( ):String 
             
             
                 
               +getProgressHTMLForError( ):String 
             
             
                 
               +getStatus( ):TaskStatus 
             
             
                 
               +getTaskException( ):B2BCatalogException 
             
             
                 
               +setTaskException(taskException:B2BCatalogException) 
             
             
                 
                 
             
           
        
       
     
   
   Task status class  12  contains information on how complete is thread II  26 , or its error state. A Java code representation of an exemplary task status class  12  is set forth in Table II. 
   
     
       
             
           
             
             
           
         
             
               TABLE II 
             
             
                 
             
             
               TASKSTATUS 
             
             
                 
             
           
           
             
                 
             
           
        
         
             
                 
               −m_statusMsg:String=“” 
             
             
                 
               −m_percentComplete:Integer 
             
             
                 
               −m_onLastStep:Boolean 
             
             
                 
               −m_catBundle:CatalogResourceBundle 
             
             
                 
               +TaskStatus( ) 
             
             
                 
               +setTaskStatus(statusMsg:String.percentComplete:int):void 
             
             
                 
               +onLastStep( ):boolean 
             
             
                 
               statusMsg:String 
             
             
                 
               percentComplete:int 
             
             
                 
               onLastStep:boolean 
             
             
                 
                 
             
           
        
       
     
   
   Progress bar class  14  is a data holder for the refresh rate on the meta tag of browser  32 , and is also used as an interface to update application task  28  thread II  26  progress. A Java code representation of an exemplary progress bar class  14  is set forth in Table III. 
   
     
       
             
           
             
           
         
             
               TABLE III 
             
             
                 
             
             
               PROGRESS BAR 
             
             
                 
             
           
           
             
                 
             
           
        
         
             
               −REFRESH_URL:String=B2BPaths.getServletURLpath( )+“/Content” 
             
             
               −m_refreshRate:Int=5 
             
             
               −m_trace:B2BServletTraceLogger 
             
             
               −m_catBundle:CatalogResourceBundle 
             
             
               −progressHTMLStr:String 
             
             
               +ProgressBar( ) 
             
             
               +ProgressBar(refreshRate:int) 
             
             
               +updateProgress(percentComplete:int,statusMsg:String, 
             
             
                 isFinalStep:boolean):String 
             
             
               +updateProgress(percentComplete:int,statusMsg: 
             
             
                 String,errorOccurred:boolean,isFinalStep:boolean) 
             
             
               refreshRate:Int 
             
             
                 
             
           
        
       
     
   
   Publish task class  16  is an extended class of progress bar task class  10  with specific information for application task  28  thread II  26  (what is it and what kind of data does it need.) A publish task is a subclass of progress bar task. It is needed because a publish is a long operation that needs to be monitored by a progress bar. The kind of data it needs, for example, is the catalog format that will be published, who the catalog supplier is, if it is a local or remote catalog, etc. Table IV contains a Java code representation of an exemplary publish task class  16 . 
   
     
       
             
           
             
             
           
         
             
               TABLE IV 
             
             
                 
             
             
               PUBLISH TASK 
             
             
                 
             
           
           
             
                 
             
           
        
         
             
                 
               −m_mpFormat:MarketplaceFormat=null 
             
             
                 
               −m_result:PublishResult=null 
             
             
                 
               −m_catalog:Catalog=null 
             
             
                 
               −m_associateMP:B2BSupplierMarketplaceAssociationElemen... 
             
             
                 
               −m_priceProfiles:Vector=null 
             
             
                 
               −m_destination:PublishDestination=null 
             
             
                 
               −m_localOrRemote:int 
             
             
                 
               −resultsSet:Boolean 
             
             
                 
               −resultIsSet:Boolean 
             
             
                 
               −m_catBundle: CatalogResourceBundle 
             
             
                 
               +PublishTask(mpFormat:MarketplaceFormat) 
             
             
                 
               +publish(catalog:Catalog,associateMP: 
             
             
                 
                 B2BSupplierMarketplaceAssociation) 
             
             
                 
               +run( ):void 
             
             
                 
               publishResult:PublishResult 
             
             
                 
                 
             
           
        
       
     
   
   Application wizard class  18  is a method for starting application task  28  thread II  26 . Upon completing, application wizard class  18  induces progress bar  34 . Class  18  is a wizard that interacts with the user to obtain information on how to publish, for example, an electronic catalog. At the end of the wizard, when a finish button is clicked, publish task class  16  is instantiated. An example of such a wizard is the B2BCatalogPublishWizardForm at
 
com.ibm.connect.config.B2BWizardForm.
 
for the IBM iSeries Connect product, a product that allows suppliers to operate in secure market places to leverage the Internet. In publish task class  16 , the statement
 
+run( ):void
 
is what spawns thread II  26 .
 
   When publish task class  16  is created, progress bar class  10  gets created as a consequence (publish task class  16  is a sub class of progress bar task  10 ). When progress bar task  10  is created, task status class  12  gets created as a consequence with an initial progress state of null. In publish task class  16 , there is a run statement
 
+run( ):void
 
that spawns application task  28  in thread II  26  (the task that will take a long time (that is, a time longer than the timeout time of client browser  32 ), the progress of which will be displayed in progress bar  34 .) At this point there exists a task (progress bar task  10 ) in application task  28  thread II  26 , which has a reference to task status class  12  in a separate thread which updates task status whenever it is necessary. Both servlet thread  24  and application task  28  have access to task status class  12 , with thread  24  being the consumer and thread  26  being the maintainer of task status class  12 .
 
   Thread II  26 , once spawned, sets/resets its progress bar by executing the Java code
 
+setTaskStatus(statusMsg:String.percentComplete:int):void
 
on the task status class  12 .
 
   When task status class  12  is set up, no progress is complete, and a status bar  34  with zero complete is returned to client  30  by servlet thread  124  which includes the metatag to refresh the page. This metatag is contained in progress bar task class  10  at
 
+getProgressHTML( ): String
 
   Application task  28  on thread II updates task status class  12 , and progress bar task class  10  builds an HTML response to client  30  showing in the statement
 
+getProgressHTML( ):String
 
the new state of progress which had been set in task status class  12  by thread II  26  at
 
+setTaskStatus(statusMsg:String.percentComplete:int):void
 
That new
 
+getProgressHTML( ):String
 
includes a new meta tag which instructs client  30  to refresh again in time t.
 
   If application task  28  on thread II is 100% complete or in error state, progress bar task class  10  returns HTML without the refresh meta tag and a progress bar which shows a completion or stopped state. 
   Advantages over the Prior Art 
   It is an advantage of the invention that there is provided a system and method for avoiding premature timeout of a browser while awaiting completion of an application. 
   Alternative Embodiments 
   It will be appreciated that, although specific embodiments of the invention have been described herein for purposes of illustration, various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In particular, it is within the scope of the invention to provide a computer program product or program element, or a program storage or memory device such as a solid or fluid transmission medium, magnetic or optical wire, tape or disc, or the like, for storing signals readable by a machine, for controlling the operation of a computer according to the method of the invention and/or to structure its components in accordance with the system of the invention. 
   Further, each step of the method may be executed on any general computer, such as IBM Systems designated as zSeries, iSeries, series, and pseries, or the like and pursuant to one or more, or a part of one or more, program elements, modules or objects generated from any programming language, such as C++, Java, Pl./1, Fortran or the like. And still further, each said step, or a file or object or the like implementing each said step, may be executed by special purpose hardware or a circuit module designed for that purpose. 
   Accordingly, the scope of protection of this invention is limited only by the following claims and their equivalents.