PATENT ABSTRACT
A method of configuring a programmable pump for delivering an agent to a patient. The method comprises generating a user interface having a plurality of pages, at least one of the pages being a home page; retrieving at least one banner from memory; and displaying the retrieved at least one banner in the home page.

PATENT DESCRIPTION
REFERENCE TO CO-PENDING APPLICATIONS 
     This application is being filed concurrently with the following six commonly assigned patent applications: “Cartridge and Pump with Axial Loading” U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/152,880, “Syringe Pump Control Systems and Methods” U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/089,994, “Child Safety Cap for Syringe Pump” U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/086,993, “Programmable Medical Infusion Pump” U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/087,449, “Insulin Pump Having Missed Meal Bolus Alarm” U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/087,460, and “Programmable Insulin Pump” U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/086,641. The disclosures of these six patent applications are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention is directed to a programmable medical infusion pump, and more particularly to a programmable medical infusion pump programmed to display a banner. 
     BACKGROUND 
     A large portion of the world&#39;s population suffers from diabetes. Many of these people need to take injections of insulin to normalize the level of sugar in their bodies to prevent complications. Such complications can include kidney failure, loss of circulation, and blindness. The need to manually take injections with a syringe and the process of determining the dose for various shots can be a great inconvenience and can limit a diabetic&#39;s activities and restrict their movements. Furthermore, it can be difficult to maintain a consistent level of blood glucose because there is a practical limit to the number of injections that most patient&#39;s can receive. 
     One solution to reduce some of the problems associated with the manual injection of insulin is an ambulatory pump that delivers insulin to the diabetic user. Such insulin pumps can provide a more consistently normal level of blood glucose, which reduces the risk of complications from diabetes. However, current pumps still have practical limits to their programming that make them cumbersome to program and that limits the potential of the pump to provide even greater control over blood glucose levels. 
     SUMMARY 
     One aspect of the present invention is a method of configuring a programmable pump for delivering an agent to a patient. The method comprises generating a user interface having a plurality of pages, at least one of the pages being a home page; retrieving at least one banner from memory; and displaying the retrieved at least one banner in the home page. 
     Another aspect of the present invention is a pump for delivering insulin. The pump comprises memory storing a banner, a screen, and a processor in data communication with the memory and the screen. The processor is programmed to retrieve the banner from the memory and display the banner on the screen. The banner identifies the pump as an insulin pump. 
     Yet another aspect of the present invention is a pump for delivering insulin. The pump comprises a data port, memory, a screen, and a processor in data communication with the data port, the memory, and the screen. The processor is programmed to (a) generate a user interface having a plurality of pages, at least one of the pages being a home page, (b) retrieve a banner from the data port, (c) store the banner in memory, and (d) display the banner in the home page. 
     Still another aspect of the present invention is directed to a pump for delivering insulin. The pump comprises a data port, memory storing a list of selectively available banners, a screen; and a processor in data communication with the data port, the memory, and the screen. The processor is programmed to (a) generate a user interface having a plurality of pages, at least one of the pages being a home page, (b) map one of the banners from the list of selectively available banners to the home page, and (c) display the banner in the home page. 
    
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  illustrates the architecture of a pump that embodies the present invention; 
         FIG. 2  is a top view of the pump shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 3  illustrates a suspend operation executed by the pump shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 ; 
         FIG. 4  illustrates setting time and date operating parameters in the pump shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 ; 
         FIG. 5  illustrates setting alert styles in the pump shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 ; 
         FIGS. 6 and 7  illustrate lock and unlock operations executed by the pump shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 ; 
         FIG. 8  illustrates setting time and date formats in the pump shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 ; 
         FIG. 9  illustrates setting alerts and reminders in the pump shown in FIGS. I and  2 ; 
         FIGS. 10 and 11  illustrate setting operational parameters related to the pump history for the pump shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 ; 
         FIGS. 12-14  illustrate setting operational parameters for the basal rate delivery programs executed by the pump shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 ; 
         FIGS. 15-17  illustrate setting operational parameters for the temporary rate delivery programs executed by the pump shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 ; 
         FIGS. 18 and 19  illustrate setting the operational parameters for the correction bolus delivery programs executed by the pump shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 ; 
         FIGS. 20-27  illustrate setting the operational parameters for the meal bolus delivery programs executed by the pump shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 ; 
         FIG. 28  illustrates the operations of setting and delivering an audio bolus on the pump shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 ; 
         FIG. 29  illustrates the pump shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2  communicating with a computer; 
         FIGS. 30A-30E  illustrate a user interface on the computer illustrated in  FIG. 15 . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals represent like parts and assemblies throughout the several views. Reference to various embodiments does not limit the scope of the invention, which is limited only by the scope of the claims attached hereto. Additionally, any examples set forth in this specification are not intended to be limiting and merely set forth some of the many possible embodiments for the claimed invention. 
     The logical operations of the various embodiments of the invention described herein are implemented as: (1) a sequence of computer implemented steps, operations, or procedures running on a programmable circuit within a computer, (2) a sequence of computer implemented steps, operations, or procedures running on a programmable circuit within a pump for delivering insulin; and/or (3) interconnected machine modules or program engines within the programmable circuits. 
     The various embodiments execute or utilize operating parameters, which customize or personalize operation of the computer implemented steps, machine modules, and programs to meet the requirements of individual pump users. The operating parameters can be numerical values, text strings, flags, argument names, or any other aspect of the insulin pump programming that the user can set to control operation of the pump. 
     Additionally, the pump generates and presents information and fields in user interfaces, which are also referred to as displays. The user interfaces can include fields, alpha/numeric character strings, times, and dates. The fields, also referred to as cells, prompt users to enter and or select information. Because there is not an alpha/numeric keyboard on the pump, each of the field is associated with a spin box that includes values the user can enter into the field. The user spins or scrolls through values until the desired value is visible within the field. When the user selects the visible value it is entered into the field. The user selects a value with a Next function, Edit function, or Select function as identified herein. When the pump displays a field and the field has focus, it is said to prompt the user to select a value. Additionally, selecting a value in a field causes the pump to index focus to the next field as defined by the programmed operations or to display the next user interface as defined by the programmed operations. In an alternative embodiment, the pump has an alpha/numeric keyboard from which operating parameters can be typed directly into the pump. 
     The description set forth herein discussed pumping insulin. One skilled in the art will realize that many of the features, structures, and methods disclosed herein can be used with medical infusion pumps for delivering agents other than insulin. The term “user” generally applies o the person who is receiving insulin from the pump. In many contexts, however, the user could also refer to any other person such as a caregiver that is operating the pump. 
     A. Pump Architecture 
       FIG. 1  is a functional block diagram illustrating one of many possible embodiments of an insulin pump, generally identified as  100 . A microprocessor  102  is in electrical communication with and controls a pump motor  104 , a screen  106 , an audible alarm  108 , and a vibratory alarm  110 . Other embodiments can use a microcomputer, or any other type of programmable circuit, in place of the microprocessor. 
     The pump motor  104  drives a drive mechanism  112  that pushes a plunger mechanism  114 . The plunger mechanism  114  ejects insulin from an insulin cartridge (not shown). The insulin cartridge contains a supply of insulin for delivery to a patient. These mechanical components are illustrated and discussed in commonly assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/152,880, entitled Cartridge and Pump With Axial Loading, the disclosure of which was hereby incorporated by reference above. 
     The screen  106  can have many different configurations such as an LCD screen. As explained in more detail herein, the screen  106  displays a user interface that presents various items of information useful to a patient or caregiver. The audible alarm  108  is a beeper, and an alarm provides actual alarms, warnings, and reminders. Similar to other portable electronic devices such as a cellular telephone, the vibratory alarm  110  provides an alarm to either supplement the audio alarms or replace the audio alarm when an audible beep would be disruptive or not heard. A user can selectively enable or disable the audible  108  and vibratory  110  alarms. In one possible embodiment, however, both the audible  108  and vibratory  110  alarms cannot be disabled at the same time. 
     The microprocessor  102  is in electrical communication with both a random access memory (RAM)  116  and a read only memory (ROM)  118 , which are onboard the pump  100  but external to the microprocessor  102  itself. In one possible embodiment, the microprocessor  102  includes internal memory as well. The RAM  116  is a static RAM stores data that can change over time such as pump settings and a historical log of events experienced by the insulin pump  100 . The ROM  118  stores code for the operating system and the application programs. The ROM  118  can be any type of programmable ROM such as an EPROM. In one possible embodiment, the RAM  116  has 500 kilobytes of memory capacity and the ROM  118  has 2 megabytes of memory capacity. 
     An infrared (IR) port  120  is in electrical communication with the microprocessor. As explained in more detail below, the IR port  120  provides data communication with an external device such as a computer for programming an application program, programming pump settings, and downloading historical data logs. The insulin pump  100  can include other types of communication ports in place or in addition to the IR port  120 . Examples of other possible communication ports include a radio frequency (RF) port or a port that provides a hard-wired data communication link such as an RS-232 port, a USB port, or the like. 
     A real-time clock  122  provides a clock signal to the microprocessor  102 . An advantage of having a real-time clock  122  is that it provides the program with the actual time in real-time so that the programs executed by the insulin pump can track and control the actual time of day that insulin delivery and other events occur. Various durations described here are used for alerts, alarms, reminders, and other functions. In one possible embodiment, the timers are formed by the real-time clock  122  and software executed by the microprocessor  102 . 
     A keypad  124  also provides input to the microprocessor  102 . Although other possible types of keypads are possible, one type of keypad has four buttons and is a membrane-type of keypad, which provides resistance to water and other environmental conditions. The keypad  124  contains soft keys for which the function of the keys can change as a user executes different menu selections and commands. 
     Other inputs into the microprocessor  102  is a pressure sensor  126 , which is sensitive to the pressure within a reservoir of insulin; a cartridge sensor  128 , which is sensitive to the presence of an insulin cartridge; and a motion detector  130 , which detects motion of a gear (not shown) in the drive mechanism  112 . The pressure sensor  126 , cartridge sensor  128 , and motion detector  130  are described in more detail in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/152.880 , which is entitled Cartridge and Pump With Axial Loading, the disclosure of which was incorporated by reference above. 
     Referring to  FIG. 2 , the pump  100  is packaged in a housing  132 . The keypad  124  is positioned on a first portion of the housing  132 , and the screen  106  is positioned on a second portion of the housing  132 . Additionally, the screen  106  has two portions, a display portion  134  and a template portion  136 . A user interface is presented in the display portion  134  of the screen  106 . 
     The template portion  136  provides a template that indicates the function assigned to each of the keys on the keypad. In the embodiment illustrated in the drawings, the keypad  124  has a first function key  138  and a second function key  140 , and an up key  142  and a down key  144 . The up and down keys  142  and  144  are for scrolling or spinning through operating parameters that are presented in a spin box associated with a field or between pages present within a user interface such as the home pages as described below. Additionally, a first portion  146  in the template identifies the function assigned to the first function key  138 , and a second portion  148  identifies the function assigned to the second function key  140 . A center portion  150  of the template presents an up arrow corresponding to the scroll direction of the up key  142 , and a down arrow corresponding to the scroll direction of the down key  144 . 
     B. Home Page 
     In one possible embodiment, the insulin pump  100  is controlled by a menu-driven application program that is stored in the ROM  118  and executed by the processor  102 . The application program also is parameter-driven in that the outcome or steps executed by the various application programs depend on the operating parameters set by the user. Examples of outcomes and steps that depend on the operating parameters include delivery rates, delivery schedules, delivery amounts, the generation and presentation of menus, and the like. 
     The application program presents a home page  152  in the display portion  134  of the screen  106 . The home page  152  includes a first icon  154  that illustrates the amount of insulin remaining in the insulin cartridge. This first icon  154  has the shape of syringe and a bar  156  arranged relative to the syringe shape to illustrate the amount of remaining insulin. The amount of remaining insulin also is quantified and listed below the first icon  154 . A second icon  158  has the shape of a battery and has a bar  160  arranged relative to the battery-shape to illustrate the amount of remaining battery life. The percentage of remaining life on the battery is positioned below the second icon  158 . 
     In one possible embodiment, the home page  152  presents the current status  162  of the insulin pump&#39;s  100  operation. In the example set forth in the illustration, the insulin pump  100  is delivering insulin at a rate of 1.15 units per hour according to a first basal schedule. The home page  152  also presents the name  166  of the active delivery program it is executing and personal information  168  as programmed by the user. In the illustrated example, the personal information it displays is a banner “Mary&#39;s Pump,” which identifies the owner of the insulin pump  100 . Other examples of information that might be included in the personal field includes medical information about the pump user similar to that information included on a medical alert bracelet such as allergies and the fact that the patient is diabetic, more detailed information about the patient including the patient&#39;s full name, telephone number, and address, detailed information about the user&#39;s caregiver such as the name and telephone number of the user&#39;s physician, and a warning that the pump  100  is an insulin pump and should not be removed from the user. 
     Furthermore, the pump  100  can be configured to present more than one home page. In this embodiment, the user scrolls through the home pages using the up and down keys  142  and  144 . For example, other home pages might include the date, time, and amount of the last bolus delivered by the insulin pump; contact information about the patient&#39;s caregiver; medical information about the patient such as a list of the user&#39;s allergies, a warning that the user is a diabetic, and a warning that the pump is an insulin pump and should not be removed. 
     The pump  100  displays an icon  170  in the home page  152  to identify the displayed page as the home page. Additionally, the icon  170  can include a page number to indicate which home page is currently being displayed. One possible shape for the home page icon is an icon having the shape of a house. 
     C. Suspending Delivery 
     Referring to  FIG. 3 , when the pump  100  is displaying the home page it assigns a suspend function  172  to the first function key  138  and a menu function  174  to the second function key  140 . Accordingly, pressing the first function key  138  initiates a suspend pumping operation. If the pump  100  has an active delivery program in addition to the standard basal delivery program, the pump  100  displays a list of options that prompts  173  the user to select whether to suspend all active delivery programs or just one of the active delivery programs other than the standard delivery program. In one embodiment of the pump  100 , there are three possible ways to deliver additional amounts of insulin over an extended period an extended bolus, a combination bolus, and a temporary rate, all of which are described in more detail herein. 
     In the example set forth in  FIG. 3 , the pump  100  has an active temporary rate delivery program so the pump  100  prompts the user to select whether to suspend all active delivery programs or just the temporary rate delivery program by scrolling to the desired delivery program to suspend and activating a Select function  194 , which is assigned to the second function key  140 . 
     After the user activates the Select function  194 , the insulin pump  100  prompts  176  the user to confirm suspension of the selected delivery, whether it is all delivery, the extended bolus, the combination bolus, or the temporary rate. The user can confirm the suspend operation by activating the yes function  178  by pressing the second function key  140  or cancel the suspend operation by activating the no function  180  by pressing the first function key  138 . If there is no insulin being delivered in addition to the standard basal rate, the insulin pump will automatically skip from the home page  152  to the prompt  176  asking the user to confirm suspension of the all delivery. 
     When the user activates the yes function  178 , the pump  100  displays a warning  182  that the insulin pump  100  is stopping delivery. The user then activates an o.k. function  184  and the pump  100  stops delivery, returns to the home page  152  and displays a banner  186  stating the pump  100  is stopped. On the home page  152 , the pump  100  assigns a Resume function  188  in place of the suspend function  172 . In one possible alternative embodiment, the insulin pump  100  merely displays the warning that the pump  100  is stopping delivery for a predetermined period of time (e.g., 5 seconds) and then stops the pump  100  and returns to the home page  152 . 
     To resume pumping, the user activates the Resume function. The insulin pump  100  then prompts  189  the user to either confirm or cancel the resume function by activating either a yes function  178  or a no function  180 . 
     Alternatively, at the list that prompts  173  the user to select whether to suspend all active delivery programs or just one of the active delivery programs other than the standard delivery program, the user can return to the previous display (i.e., the home page  152 ) by activating a Back function  170 , which is assigned to the first function key  138 . Activating the Back function, whenever it is assigned to the first function key  138 , always returns the pump  100  back to the previous display. 
     D. Main Menu and Time/Date 
     Referring to  FIG. 4 , the user accesses a main menu  190  by activating a menu function  192  assigned to the second function key  140 . The insulin pump  100  then displays the main menu  190 , which includes a plurality of menu items that the user can select for setting operation parameters and performing various tasks as described herein. In one possible embodiment, the menu items in the main menu are Basal Programs, New Cartridge, History, and Pump Settings. In other possible embodiments, the main menu  190  can be customized to include other menu items such as Correction Bolus, Temporary Rate, Meal Bolus, and others. Furthermore, the user can customize at least some of the labels for various menu items in both the main menu  190  and submenus. 
     The New Cartridge menu item is selected to access the cartridge or syringe of insulin loaded in the pump  100 . In one possible embodiment, selecting the New Cartridge menu item automatically sequences the user through the steps of loading the new cartridge, priming the tubing for the infusion set, priming the cannula, and setting the display site reminder, if the display site reminder is enabled. The display site reminder is discussed below in more detail. In yet another embodiment the user must affirmatively acknowledge each of these steps by pressing a predetermined key, either the first or second function keys  138  or  140  on the keypad  124 , at the conclusion of each step, which causes the pump to index to the next step. After sequencing through each of these steps, the pump  100  prompts the user to enter an instruction whether to resume delivery of insulin. 
     Accessing the cartridge is discussed in more detail in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/152,880, entitled Cartridge and Pump With Axial Loading, the disclosure of which was incorporated by reference above. 
     The user selects the desired menu item by using the up and down keys  142  and  144  until the desired menu item is highlighted or otherwise marked. The user then activates the highlighted menu item by activating a select function  194  assigned to the second function key  140 . 
     By selecting the Pump Settings menu item, the pump brings up a Pump Settings submenu  196  of several submenu items, including Time and Date, Beep/Vibrate, Program Lock, and Personalize. The Time and Date menu option is selected to set the time and date of the clock. This time and date is set in real time. When the Time and Date menu option is selected, the screen displays the time and date, and focus is placed on the hour field  198 . The user scrolls through values for the hour until the desired value is set. The user then activates a next function  200  assigned to the second function key  140  to index through the remaining fields for the time and date (e.g., the minute field  202 , the am/pm field  204 , the month field  206 , the day field  208 , and the year field  210 ) and set the desired values for each of these fields. The user exits the Time and Date function at any time by activating the Done function  212  assigned to the first function key  138 . Activating the Done function  212  saves the current time and date settings and returns the pump to the Pump Settings submenu  196 . 
     E. Beep/Vibrate 
     Referring to  FIG. 5 , to configure an alarm function to generate either an audible or vibratory signal, the user selects the Beep/Vibrate menu option within the Pump Settings submenu  196 . The pump  100  then indexes to the next user interface and places focus on a choose-alert field  214 . The user scrolls to the desired beep setting or vibrate setting and selects that setting by activating the Next function  200  to select the desired setting. If the Beep setting is selected, focus changes to a beep-volume field  216  and the user scrolls to and selects the desired volume level. In one possible embodiment, the volume levels from which the user can select are low, medium, and high. Other embodiments use a numbered volume scale, labels such as indoor and outdoor, and the like. Upon selecting the desired volume level, the alert and volume settings are saved and the Pump Setting submenu  196  is displayed on the screen  106 . If the user selects vibrate in the choose-alert field  214 , the pump  100  will return directly to the Pump Setting submenu  196 . 
     F. Lock 
     Referring to  FIG. 6 , to lock out the pump  100  and prevent anyone from entering the main menu  190 , the user selects the Program Lock menu item in the Pump Settings submenu  196 . Focus then indexes to a lockout user interface having a lock-out field  218 , which is placed in focus. The user scrolls and selects to the desired yes or no value. If the user selects no, the pump  100  continues operating and the pump  100  is not locked out. If the user selects yes, the pump  100  is locked and must be unlocked to access the main  190  menu from the home page  152 . In one possible embodiment, if there are multiple home pages, the user can still scroll through all of the home pages without unlocking the main menu  190 . In another possible embodiment, the user can still troubleshoot alarms without unlocking the pump  100 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 7 , to unlock the pump  100  the user activates the menu function  174  and the pump  100  indexes to a user interface having a lockout-code field  220 , which is placed in focus. The user scrolls to and selects the lockout code. In one possible embodiment, the lockout code is a number and the user enters the lockout code by scrolling through possible codes. Upon selecting the proper lock-out code, the main menu  190  is unlocked and the main menu is displayed. 
     In alternative embodiments, there are separate fields for each digit in the lockout code. In this embodiment, the user indexes through the digits using the Next function  200  until the last digit is set at which time the pump  100  either unlocks the main menu or admonishes the user that the wrong code was entered. 
     Yet another embodiment of the pump  100  has lock levels in which the different (codes can be entered into the pump  100 , each code permitting access to a different set of commands and functions. Lock levels are described in more detail in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 5,935,099, which is entitled DRUG PUMP SYSTEMS AND METHODS and issued on Aug. 10, 1999, the complete disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference. 
     G. Customizing Time and Date Formats 
     Referring to  FIG. 8 , to customize the time and date formats, the user selects a Personalize menu item in the Pump Settings submenu  196 . The pump  100  then indexes to a Personalize submenu  222  in which the user selects a Localization menu item. The pump then indexes to a time-format field  224 , which is placed in focus. The user scrolls to and selects the desired time format (e.g., 12-hour or 24-hour). The pump  100  then indexes focus to a date-format field  226 . The user scrolls to and selects the desired date format (e.g., mm/dd/yy or dd/mm/yy). The pump  100  then indexes focus to a numeric-format field  228 . The user scrolls to and selects the desired numeric format (e.g., xx.xx or xx,xx). The pump  100  then returns to the Personalize submenu  222 . In an alternative embodiment, the user can also set a flag that causes the pump to automatically change time at the beginning and end of daylight savings time. 
     H. Customizing and Setting Alerts and Reminders 
     Referring to  FIG. 9 , to customize and set various alerts and reminders the user selects the Alerts item from the Personalize submenu  222 . When the user selects the Alert menu item, the pump  100  indexes to a low-cartridge-alert field  230 , which is placed into focus. The user scrolls to and selects the desired volume (i.e., remaining volume within the cartridge) at which the pump  100  will generate a low cartridge alert. In one possible embodiment, the user can select whether to set the threshold for the low volume alert in the range from 5 units to 50 units. Upon selecting the desired volume, focus indexes to a delivery-limit field  232 . The user scrolls to and selects the desired delivery limit at which an alarm is generated when there is an attempt to deliver more insulin than is allowed in a one-hour period of time. In one possible embodiment, the user can select whether to set the threshold for the delivery limit alarm in the range from 2 units to 100 units. 
     The insulin pump  100  then indexes focus to a glucose-reminder field  234 , which is an alert that reminds the pump user to check their blood glucose level, based on a triggering event such as when the user last loaded a new insulin cartridge into the pump  100  or administered a meal bolus. The user scrolls to the desired yes and no values or settings. The yes value enables the glucose reminder and the no value disables the glucose reminder. 
     The pump  100  then indexes focus to a duration field  236  in which the user sets the duration between the triggering event and when the glucose reminder signals an alert. The user scrolls to and selects the desired duration. In one possible embodiment, the user scrolls through values in the range from 1 hour to 5 hours in a predetermined increment, such as 15 minute, half hours, or one hour increments. The pump  100  then indexes focus to an automatic-off field  238 . If the user selects no in the glucose-reminder field  234 , the pump  100  will skip over the duration field  236  and index focus directly to the automatic-off field  238 . 
     In this embodiment occurrence of the triggering event will begin a timer running, which will time out and generate an alarm when the duration lapses. When the alert is signaled, the pump displays a message reminding the user to check their blood glucose levels. The user activates a predetermined key, either the first or second function key  138  or  140  on the keypad  124 , to clear the alert and the message. 
     Within the automatic-off field  238 , the user sets an automatic-off alarm that is generated when no keys or buttons on the insulin pump or a remote control unit associated with the pump  100  are pressed within a predetermined period of time. The pump  100  also suspends delivery when the automatic off alarm is generated and generates an alarm display. In one possible embodiment, when the automatic off alarm is generated, the user must acknowledge the alarm while the alarm display is presented and then must reinitialize the pump  100  to resume delivery. Another embodiment, the alarm display includes a message stating that the pump is an insulin pump. 
     When the automatic-off field  238  is in focus, the user scrolls to and selects the desired yes or no value. If the user selects the yes value, the pump  100  enables the automatic-off alarm, and the pump  100  indexes focus to a duration field  240  in which the user scrolls to the desired duration corresponding to the delay before the automatic-off alarm is sounded and delivery is suspended. After the delay is set, the pump  100  indexes focus to a display-site-reminder field  242 . If the user selects the no value in the automatic-off field  238 , the pump  100  disables the automatic-off alarm, and indexes focus to the display-site-reminder field  242  and skips the duration field  240 . 
     The display-site reminder is an alert that reminds the user to change their infusion set and access site (i.e., where on their body the insulin is injected). Within the display-site-reminder field  242 , the user scrolls to and selects the desired yes and no values. If the user selects the yes function the pump  100  enables the display-site reminder, and if the user selects the no value, the user will disable the display-site reminder. In one possible embodiment, the display-site reminder will generate an alarm at a predetermined interval after the last time that the user changed their infusion set and access site. Upon selecting the yes or no value, focus indexes to a review/edit-meal-bolus-alarm field  246 . 
     If the user enables the display site reminder, the pump  100  prompts the user to enter the interval (i.e., the number of days) after which to generate a reminder or alarm and the time of day at which to generate the reminder. For example, setting an interval of 2 days and a time of 4:00 pm, would cause the pump  100  to generate a display-site reminder at 4:00 pm on the second day after the interval starts to run. When the pump  100  generates the display-site reminder to change the user&#39;s infusion set and access site, it generates an audio and/or vibratory alarm and displays a banner or other visual reminder that the user acknowledges by pressing a designated function key  138  or  140  on the key pad  124 . The pump  100  includes a display-site reminder menu item that the user selects to reset the display site reminder and to adjust the interval and time of day if so desired. The user would access this menu item and reset the display-site reminder when changing his or her infusion set and access site. 
     In one possible embodiment, the pump automatically takes the user through the process of setting the interval and time of day for the display site reminder when going through the sequence of loading the new cartridge or syringe into the pump  100  and priming the infusion set. 
     A meal bolus alarm is an alarm that reminds the user to deliver a meal bolus (during a predetermined time interval. For example, if the user eats breakfast every day between 7:00 am and 8:00 am every day, the user may set a missed-meal-bolus alarm for an interval between 6:15 am and 8 am. In this example, an alarm sounds if a meal bolus is not delivered within this interval. In one possible embodiment, the user can set up to four separate missed-meal-bolus alarms. 
     Within the review/edit-meal-bolus-alarm field  246 , the user scrolls to and selects the desired yes or no value. If the user selects the no value, the pump  100  returns to the Personalize submenu  222 . If the user selects the yes value, the pump  100  presents a user interface  248  entitled “Meal Bolus Alarm,” which lists the names  250  of the available alarms (Alarms  1 - 4  in the illustrated embodiment) and a check box  252  next to the name of each alarm. If a missed-meal-bolus alarm is enabled, the check box  252  is set. If a missed-meal-bolus alarm is not enabled, the check box  252  is cleared. 
     To set an alarm, the user scrolls to the name  250  of the desired alarm and activates an edit function  254 , which is assigned to the second function key  140 . The pump  100  then displays a user interface  256  entitled “Meal Bolus Alarm: Alarm X”, where X identifies the alarm to which the screen relates. In the illustrated embodiment, the display  256  relates to Alarm  1 . There is one Meal Bolus Alarm: Alarm X display  256  associated with each of the alarms  250 . Within the Meal Bolus Alarm: Alarm X display  256 , there are three fields, a give-alert field  258 , an interval-start field  260 , and an interval-end field  262 . 
     The give-alert field  258  is the first field placed in focus. The user scrolls to and selects the desired yes or no value. The yes value enables the meal bolus alarm, and the no value disables the meal bolus alarm. If the user selects the no value, the pump  100  returns to the “Meal Bolus Alarm” user interface  248 . If the user selects the yes value, the pump indexes focus to the interval-start field  260 . The user then scrolls to and selects the desired start time for the interval. The pump  100  then indexes focus to the interval-end field  262 . The user scrolls to and selects the desired end time for the interval. In one possible embodiment, the time values through which the use scrolls are set at 15 minute increments, although other embodiments will have other time increments. 
     The pump  100  then saves interval start and stop times for that meal bolus alarm and returns to the Meal Bolus Alarm display  248 . The user can then select another meal bolus alarm to enable and set or to disable using the procedures discussed above. Alternatively, the user can activate the Done function  212  and the pump  100  will save the settings for all of the meal bolus alarms and return to the Personalize submenu  222 . 
     I. Pump History 
     Referring to  FIG. 10 , one possible embodiment of the insulin pump  100  tracks historical information related to the pump  100  such as delivery information and other events related to the pump  100 . Historical information can be viewed on the screen  106  of the pump  100  or uploaded to a computer as discussed in more detail herein. The pump  100  can be customized to view historical delivery and event information in individual history screens or under the History item of the main menu  190 . Additionally, the pump  100  can display delivery information either as individual events or as averages. These alternatives are only some of the possible embodiments. 
     The pump  100  can be programmed to track many different types of historical information, to present the historical information in many different ways, and to provide different ways to access historical information. In one possible embodiment, the historical information that the pump  100  tracks includes:
         (1) The aggregate insulin delivered by the pump  100  as well as the amount of insulin broken down by insulin delivered as a meal bolus, insulin delivered to counteract estimated carbohydrates consumed by the user (if the carbohydrate estimator is used), delivered as a correction bolus, and delivered according to basal delivery protocols. In various embodiments, the pump  100  will record delivery according to basal delivery protocols as a total for all basal delivery protocols, or if the pump  100  is programmed with multiple delivery basal protocols, the delivered insulin can be broken down by each basal protocol used by the pump  100 . In one possible embodiment, this data is stored as a daily total and an average daily total for a predetermined number of days. Additionally, in various embodiments, the average data can be recorded as actual average values or the average data can be calculated from the daily totals when requested for display or upon other requests.   (2) The amount of insulin delivered by the pump  100  according to a basal protocol as a percent of the total insulin delivered by the pump  100 . In one possible embodiment, this data is stored as a daily percentage and an average daily percentage for a predetermined number of days. Additionally, in various embodiments, the average data can be recorded as actual average values or the average data can be calculated from the daily totals when requested for display or upon other requests.   (3) The date, time, and amount of each bolus delivered.   (4) The 500-Rule factor, which is used to estimate the grams of carbohydrates that are covered by each unit of insulin. To determine the grams of carbohydrates that are covered by each unit of insulin, the 500-Rule factor is divided by the total daily dose of insulin required to maintain the user blood sugar level in an acceptable range. The typical 500-Rule factor is 500, and hence the ratio is called the 500 Rule. However, the factor may vary for different types of insulin and from user to user and the value for the 500-Rule factor is calculated and stored. In one possible embodiment, the 500-Rule factor is stored as a daily value depending on the total delivery dose and an average value for a predetermined number of days. In an alternative embodiment, the 500-Rule factor is not stored but is calculated as the 500-Rule factor is required for a display, calculation, or other function. (5) The 1800-Rule factor, which is used to estimate the number of units of insulin required for each mg/dL (or mmol/L) drop in blood glucose. To determine the drop in blood glucose for each unit if insulin delivered to the user, the 1800-Rule factor is divided by the total daily dose of insulin required to maintain the user blood sugar level in an acceptable range. The typical 1800-Rule factor is 1800, and hence the ratio is called the 1800 Rule. However, the factor may vary for different types of insulin and from user to user and the value for the 1800-Rule factor is calculated and stored. In one possible embodiment, the 1800-Rule factor is stored as a daily value depending on the total delivery dose and an average value for a predetermined number of days. In an alternative embodiment, the 1800-Rule factor is not stored but is calculated as the 1800-Rule factor is required for a display, calculation, or other function.   (6) The complete history, which in one possible embodiment is the last 2000 events that are experienced by the pump, including all daily delivery totals, all alerts, all errors, all battery changes, all insulin cartridge changes, all changes to the pump program, and the like. Each record of an event includes the date and time that the event occurred. In other embodiments, a predetermined number of events other than 2000 are recorded. In yet another possible embodiment, the pump  100  records the events for a predetermined number of days rather than an absolute quantity, although there might be a limit to the total number of events that are recorded depending on available memory and other factors.       

     In one possible embodiment, as used herein total daily dose, also referred to as Total Daily Dose or TDD, refers to the total amount of insulin delivered during a single day excluding the amount of insulin delivered as a correction bolus. Other embodiments might includes the amount of insulin delivered as a correction bolus in the total daily dose of insulin. 
     To customize how the historical information is displayed on the pump  100 , the user selects the History menu item from the Personalize submenu  222 . The pump  100  indexes to a delivery-summary field  264 , which is placed in focus. The user scrolls to and selects the desired yes or no value. The yes value enables the Delivery Summary menu item in the History submenu  290  ( FIG. 11 ), and the no value disables the Delivery Summary menu item in the History submenu  290 . Disabled menu items are not displayed as part of the menu. In one possible embodiment, the delivery summary displayed under this menu item includes the total daily dose of insulin delivered by the pump  100  as well as the amount of insulin broken down by insulin delivered as a meal bolus, insulin delivered to counteract estimated carbohydrates consumed by the user (if the carbohydrate estimator is used), delivered as a correction bolus, and delivered according to basal delivery protocols. In an alternative embodiment, the delivery summary includes the total or aggregate amount of insulin, including insulin delivered as a correction bolus. 
     Upon selecting the yes or no value in the delivery-summary field  264 , focus indexes to an average-delivery-summary field  266 , in which the user scrolls to and selects either a yes value or a no value. The yes value enables the Average Delivery Summary menu item in the History submenu  290 , and the no value disables the Average Delivery Summary menu item in the History submenu  290 . In one possible embodiment, the Average Delivery Summary displayed under this menu item includes the average daily total for a predetermined number of days for the aggregate insulin delivered by the pump as well as the amount of insulin broken down by insulin delivered as a meal bolus, insulin delivered to counteract estimated carbohydrates consumed by the user (if the carbohydrate estimator is used), delivered as a correction bolus, and delivered according to basal delivery protocols. 
     Upon selecting the yes or no value in the average-delivery-summary field  266 , focus indexes to basal-as-percent-of-TDD field  268 . In one possible embodiment, basal is a percent of TDD is the amount of insulin delivered by the pump  100  according to a basal protocol as a daily percent of the total insulin delivered by the pump  100 . The user selects whether to display the Basal as a Percent of TDD menu item in the History submenu  290  using a procedure similar to that described for the Delivery Summary. Under this menu item, the pump  100  lists the total daily amount of insulin delivered as a basal as a percent of the total daily dose of insulin delivered. In an alternative embodiment, the pump  100  lists the total daily amount of insulin delivered as a bolus as a percent of the total daily dose of insulin delivered. In various embodiments, the bolus as a percent can be listed as the meal bolus as a percent of the total daily dose of insulin delivered, correction bolus as a percent of the total daily dose of insulin delivered, or total bolus as a percent of the total daily dose of insulin delivered. The pump  100  then indexes focus to an average-basal-as-percent-of-TDD field  270 . In one possible embodiment, average basal as a percent of total daily delivery (TDD) is the amount of insulin delivered by the pump  100  according to a basal protocol as an average daily percent over a predetermined number of days of the total insulin delivered by the pump  100 . The user selects whether to display the Avg Basal as a Percent of TDD menu item in the History submenu  290  using a procedure similar to that described for the Delivery Summary. The pump  100  lists the average basal as a percent of the total daily delivery under this menu item. 
     The pump  100  then indexes focus to a bolus-history field  272 . In one possible embodiment, the Bolus History is the date, time, and amount of each bolus delivered. The user selects whether to display a Bolus History menu item in the History submenu  290  using a procedure similar to that described for the Delivery Summary. The pump  100  lists the pump&#39;s  100  Bolus History under the Bolus History menu item. 
     The pump  100  then indexes focus to an edit-display-of-more-history field  274 . The user scrolls to a yes value or a no value as desired and then activates the next function. If the user selects the no value, the pump returns to the Personalize submenu  222 . If the user selects the yes value, the focus indexes to a carbohydrate-ratio field  276  in which the user scrolls to a yes value or a no value as desired and activates the Next function. Selecting the yes value causes the pump  100  to display a Calc 500 Rule menu item in the history submenu  290  and to display the calculated carbohydrate ratio. The pump indexes focus to a 500-rule-factor field  278  when the user selects yes in the 500-rule-factor field  276 . The user then scrolls to the desired 500-Rule factor to use in various calculations and activates the Next function. In one possible embodiment, the potential factors are in the range from 400 to 600 in increments of 15. The pump  100  then indexes focus from the 500-rule-factor field to an average-carb-ratio field  280 . Selecting the no value in the 500-Rule-factor field  276  disables display of the Calc 500 Rule menu item in the History submenu  290  and causes the pump  100  to index directly from the 500-rule-factor field  276  to the average-carb-ratio field  280 . 
     Within the average-carb-ratio field  280 , the user scrolls to and selects either a yes value or a no value. If the user selects the yes value, the pump  100  will enable an Avg Calc 500 Rule menu item in the History submenu  290 . Under the Avg Calc 500 Rule menu item, the pump displays the average carbohydrate ratio for a predetermined number of days. In one possible embodiment, the pump  100  calculates the average carbohydrate ratio for a 7-day period. Upon selecting the yes or no value, the pump indexes focus to a correction-factor field  282 . 
     In other embodiments, the pump calculates the average carbohydrate ratio for periods other than 7 days. For example, the range could be in the range from 2 to 90 days. In another possible embodiment, the pump  100  calculates the average carbohydrate ratio for however number of days it stores historical data. In yet another embodiment, the user can select a predetermined number of days over which to calculate and average the carbohydrate ratio. 
     If the user selects the yes value in the correction-factor field  282 , the focus indexes to an 1800-rule-factor field  284 . The user then scrolls to and selects the desired 1800-Rule factor to use in various calculations. In one possible embodiment, the potential 1800-Rule factors are in the range from 1500 to 2200 in increments of 100. The pump then indexes focus to an average-correction-factor field  286 . Selecting the no value in the correction-factor field  282  disables display of the Calc 1800-Rule menu item in the History submenu  290  and causes the pump to index directly from the correction-factor field  282  to the average-correction-factor field  286 . 
     Within the average-correction-factor field  286 , the user scrolls to and selects a yes value or a no value. If the user selects the yes value, the pump  100  will enable the Avg. Calc 1800 Rule menu item in the History submenu  290 . Under the Avg. Calc 1800 Rule menu item, the pump  100  displays the average correction factor for a predetermined number of days. In one possible embodiment, the pump  100  calculates the average correction factor for a 7-day period. Upon selecting the yes or no value, in the average-correction-factor field  286 , the pump indexes focus to a complete-history field  288 . 
     In other embodiments, the pump calculates the average correction factor for periods other than 7 days. For example, the range could be in the range from 2 to 90 days. In another possible embodiment, the pump  100  calculate the average correction factor for however number of days it stores historical data. In yet another embodiment, the user can select a predetermined number of days over which to calculate and average the correction factor. 
     Within the complete-history field  288 , the user scrolls between either a yes value or a no value. The user selects yes to enable a Complete History menu item in the History submenu  290  and selects the no value to disable the Complete History menu item. Upon selecting either the yes or no value, the pump returns to the Personalize submenu. Under the Complete History menu item, the pump displays the complete body of historical information stored in RAM  116 . 
     Referring now to  FIG. 11 , viewing historical information about the pump  100  is accomplished through the main menu  190 . The user activates the Menu function  174  to access the main menu  190 . Within the Main Menu  190 , the user selects and activates the History menu item. The pump then indexes to the History submenu  290  that lists the historical information that is available to view on the pump  100 . As described above, the historical information that is available, depending on the setting made within the History item of the Personalize submenu  222  as described above, are Delivery Summary, Avg Delivery Summary, Basal as a Percent of TDD, Avg Basal as a percent of TDD, Calc 500 Rule, Avg Calc 500 Rule, Calc 1800 Rule, and Avg Calc 1800 rule. 
     If the user selects Delivery Summary, the pump indexes to a Delivery Summary  292  that has a date field  294  in which the current date is listed and a Total field in which the total number of insulin units delivered is listed, a Meal Bolus field in which the number of insulin units delivered as a meal bolus is listed, a Carbs field in which the total number carbohydrates that the user entered as an estimate of carbohydrate consumption is listed, Corr. Bolus field in which the total number of insulin units delivered as a correction bolus are listed, and a Basal field in which the total number of insulin units delivered according to the basal protocols employed by the pump are listed. 
     The user can scroll through dates in the date field  294  and see this historical information for dates other than the current date. In one possible embodiment, the user can scroll through the seven different dates, including the current date and the six previous dates. When the user scrolls to a different date, the pump automatically updates the historical delivery information relating to delivery that occurred on the date now listed in the date field. In an alternative embodiment, the user can scroll through the previous 90 days of data. In yet another possible embodiment, the user can scroll through however many days of data are stored on the pump  100 . 
     If the user selects the Avg Delivery Summary menu item in the History submenu  290 , the pump  100  indexes to a display  296  entitled “7 Day Average,”  293  and displays the same fields (Total field, Meal Bolus field, Carbs field, Corr. Bolus field, Basal field) as the Delivery Summary display  292 . However, rather than daily totals, the fields present that average number of insulin units delivered over a predetermined number of days. Additionally, in place of the date field  294 , the screen for the Avg Delivery Summary presents an avg-over field  298 , which contains the number of days for which the historical data is being averaged. The user can change the number of days by scrolling up or down using the up or down keys, respectively. In one possible embodiment, the number of days that can be averaged are in the range from 2-30. In another possible embodiment, the number of days that can be averaged are in the range from 2-90 days. In yet another possible embodiment, the number of days that can be averaged are in the range from 2 days to however many days of historical data are stored on the pump  100 . After scrolling to a new number of days to average, the user activates an Update Function  300  and the pump  100  recalculates the averages. 
     If the user changes the number of days over which the average data is calculated, the title “7 Day Average”  293  changes to “X Day Average,” where X is the selected number of days over which the data is averaged. 
     If the use selects the Basal as % of TDD item menu from the History submenu  290 , the pump  100  will display a “Basal as % of TDD” display (not shown) and present the percent of total insulin delivered by the pump according to the basal delivery protocols on any given day. The Basal as % of TDD display will present a date field in which the user can change the day for which the historical information is presented in a manner similar to the Delivery Summary display  292  as described above. 
     If the use selects the Avg Basal as % of TDD item menu from the History submenu  290 , the pump  100  will display an “Avg Basal as % of TDD” display (not shown) and present the average percent of total insulin delivered by the pump  100  according to the basal delivery protocols for a predefined number of days. The Basal as % of TDD screen will display an avg-over field  298  in which the user can change the number of days for which the historical information averaged in a manner similar to the 7 Day Summary display  296  as described above. 
     If the user selects Calc 500 Rule, the pump will index to a “Carb Ratio—500 Rule” display and present a table of information. In each row of the table, the pump will list a date and the calculated carbohydrate ratio for that date. The carbohydrate ratio is calculated by dividing the 500-Rule factor by the total number of insulin units delivered for that day. In one possible embodiment, the pump  100  will calculate and list the carbohydrate ratio for 30 days and the user can scroll through those values using the up and down keys. However, other embodiments will calculate and list the carbohydrate ratio for any other number of days. 
     If the user selects Avg Calc 500 Rule, the pump  100  indexes to an “Avg Carb Ratio—500 Rule” display. The pump  100  calculates and presents the average carbohydrate ratio for a predetermined number of days. The “Avg Carb Ratio—500 Rule” display includes an avg-over field  298  in which the user can change the number of days for which the average carbohydrate ratio is averaged in a manner similar to the “Avg Delivery Summary” display as described above. 
     If the user selects Calc 1800 Rule, the pump  100  will index to a “Correction Factor—1800 Rule” display and present a table of information. In each row of the table, the pump  100  will list a date and the calculated correction factor for that date. The correction factor is calculated by dividing the 1800-Rule factor by the total daily dose of insulin required to maintain the user blood sugar level in an acceptable range. In one possible embodiment, the pump  100  will calculate and list the correction factor for 30 days and the user can scroll through those values using the up and down keys  142  and  144 . However, other embodiments will calculate and list the correction factor for other numbers of days. 
     If the user selects Avg Calc 1800 Rule, the pump  100  indexes to an “Avg Correction Factor—1800 Rule” display. The pump  100  calculates and presents the average correction factor for a predetermined number of days. The Avg Correction Factor—1800 Rule screen includes an avg-over field  298  in which the user can change the number of days for which the average correction factor is averaged in a manner similar to the “Avg Delivery Summary” display as described above. 
     J. Basal Rates 
     Referring to  FIG. 12 , the insulin pump  100  can deliver insulin either according to a basal rate or as a bolus. In one possible embodiment, the pump  100  can deliver insulin according to four different basal delivery programs. To customize the basal delivery programs, the user accesses the Personalize Delivery submenu  222 . 
     Selecting the Delivery menu item in the Personalize submenu  222  causes the pump to index to a Personalize Delivery submenu  302  in which the user can select the type of bolus or basal delivery protocol to edit. Selecting the Basal Program menu item causes the pump  100  to index a maximum-basal-rate field  304 , which is placed in focus. Within the maximum-basal-rate field  304 , the user scrolls to and selects the desired maximum basal rate. In one possible embodiment, the maximum basal rate values are in the units of 0.5 u/hr and the user can scroll through values in the range from 0.5 u/hr to 36 u/hr in increments of 0.5 u/hr. When the desired maximum basal rate is selected, focus indexes to a review/edit-basal-programs field  306  in which the user selects either a yes or a no value. If the user selects the no value, the insulin pump  100  returns to the Personalize Delivery submenu  302 . 
     If the user selects the yes value, the pump  100  indexes to a display  308  entitled “Select Program” and lists the name  310  for each of the basal programs, Basal  1 , Basal  2 , Basal  3 , and Basal  4 . A check box  312  is also displayed next to each name  310  for the basal delivery programs. If a Basal program is enabled, the check box  312  next to its name is set. If a Basal program is not enabled, the check box  312  next to its name is cleared. The name  310  of each enabled basal-delivery program is displayed as a menu item in the Basal Programs submenu  318  ( FIG. 13 ) and the user can selectively activate the enabled programs. 
     To enable or disable a basal program, the user scrolls to the desired basal program and activates the Edit function  254 . The pump  100  indexes to a display  313  entitled “My Program X,” where X is the number of the basal program being edited. In the illustrated example, the title of the display is My Program  1  because Basal program  1  is being edited. The display has two fields, an enable field  314  and a name field  316 . Within the enable field  314 , the user selects either a yes value or a no value. If the user selects the no value, the pump  100  disables the basal program associated with the screen  313  (Basal Program  1  in the illustrated example) and returns to the Select Program display  308 . The check box  312  for the disabled program is cleared. In one possible embodiment, if the pump  100  is actually executing the basal program that the user attempts to disable, the pump  100  will not disable the program and will present an error message stating, “You may not disable the active program.” 
     If the user selects the yes value in the enable field  314 , the pump  100  indexes focus to the name field  316 . Within the name field  316 , the user can assign a custom name to the basal delivery program. In one possible embodiment, the user can scroll through names that are preloaded into the pump  100 . Examples of names might include Weekday, Weekend, Sick Day, Travel, Monthly, and the generic name Basal X, where X is the number of the basal program being edited. When the user has scrolled to the desired name, the user activates the Next function and the pump  100  returns to the Select Program display  308 . The check box  312  for the program that was just edited is set to indicate that the basal program is enabled. Additionally, the name selected in the name field  316  is displayed in the Select Program display  308  in place of the previously assigned name. The name selected in the name field  316  is also displayed as a menu item in the Basal Programs submenu  318 . 
     The user repeats this procedure from the Select Program display  308  for each basal program  310  for which he or she desires to change the enabled state and/or name. When the user is done changing the enabled states and program names for the various basal programs  310 , the user activates the Done function  212 . The pump  100  then returns to the Personalize Delivery submenu  302 . As described below, the names of the enabled basal delivery programs will then appear the Basal Programs submenu  318 . 
     In an alternative embodiment, with in the display entitled “My Program X,” the user can access a spin box in which they scroll through a list of optional names and select a custom name for the enabled basal delivery programs. The selected name would then replace the generic name (e.g., Basal  1 , Basal  2 , Basal  3 , and Basal  4  in the illustrated example) for the program associated with the display. Examples of optional names that might be loaded in the pump  100  include weekday, weekend, sick, and monthly (which is to designate a basal delivery program set for a woman&#39;s menstrual cycle). 
     Referring now to  FIG. 13 , the user can edit the operating parameters for the delivery protocols assigned to each of the enabled basal programs. From the main menu, the user selects the Basal Programs menu item. The pump then indexes to a Basal Programs submenu  318  that lists those basal programs  317  that have been enabled as menu items. Each Basal Delivery program listed in the submenu  318  is identified by the name assigned to that particular program (e.g., Basal X, Weekend, Weekday, Sick Day, Travel, Monthly). In the illustrated example, all four basal programs are enabled and identified by the generic name Basal X. Additionally, there is button  320  next to each of the menu items (names for the enabled basal programs). The buttons  320  associated with the active basal program are set, and the buttons for the other basal delivery programs are cleared. 
     To edit a basal program, the user scrolls to and selects the desired basal program. The pump  100  indexes to a submenu  322  for which the title is the same name as the selected basal program. The menu has two menu items, an Edit menu item and a Start Using menu item. The user selects the edit menu item and the pump  100  indexes to a Summary user interface  324  that presents a table in which each row identifies a start time  326  and a scheduled delivery rate  328  for each time interval in the basal program. In the illustrated embodiment, there is a first time interval  330  having a start time and a delivery rate, a second time interval  332  having a start time and a delivery rate, and a third time interval having  334  a start time and a delivery rate. The start times are listed in a start-time field, and the delivery rates, are listed in a delivery-rate field. 
     To edit the start times and the delivery rates, the user activates the edit function  254  in the Summary user interface  324  and the pump  100  indexes to an Edit user interface  336  and assigns the Done function  212  to the first function key  138 . Additionally, the pump  100  places focus on the delivery-rate field  340  for the first interval  330 . The user scrolls to and selects the desired delivery rate. The user selects the desired delivery by scrolling to the desired value and activating the Next function  200 . In one possible embodiment, the pump  100  scrolls through delivery rates in the range from 0 u/hr to 2 u/hr in increments of 0.05 units per hour. The delivery rate does not exceed the maximum delivery rate ( FIG. 12 , Item  304 ). 
     When the desired delivery rate is selected, the pump  100  indexes focus to the start-time field  342  for the second time interval  332 . The user scrolls to and selects the desired start time. In one possible embodiment, the pump  100  scrolls through start times in increments of 30 minutes. In one possible embodiment, the start time cannot be earlier than or equal to the start time of the previous time interval and cannot be later than or equal to the start time of the next subsequent time interval. Other embodiments will implement different scrolling increments and limitations on the start time that can be selected. In another embodiment, if a selected start time is not in sequence, the pump  100  will automatically reposition the delivery intervals so they are in chronological order. 
     When the desired start time is selected, pump  100  then indexes focus to the delivery-rate field  340  for the second time interval  332 , which the user sets using the procedures described above with respect to the first time interval  330 . The user continues this procedure indexing through the start times for each of the time intervals and their associated delivery rates until the start time for each of the delivery intervals and their associated delivery rates are set. When the user is finished setting and/or editing the start times and delivery rates for the various intervals, he or she activates the Done function  212  and the pump  100  returns to the Summary Display  324 . 
     In one possible embodiment, the first time interval  330  always starts at  12 : 00  midnight. In this embodiment, the last time interval will terminate at 12:00 midnight. If, within the Summary Display  324 , the user highlights and selects the first time interval  330  for editing, the pump  100  indexes to the Edit display  336  and initially highlights the delivery rate  328  for the first time interval  330  rather than the start time  326 . In other embodiment, however, the user can change the start time  320  for the first time interval  330 . The last time interval would then extend until the start time for the first time interval  330 . Additionally, within the Summary Display  324 , the user can scroll to a delivery interval other than the first interval  330  and activate the Edit function  254 . In this situation, the start-time field  342  for the selected interval is initially placed into focus rather than the delivery-rate field  340 . 
     To add a time interval to the basal program, the user continues to index through all of the time intervals and associated fields until the pump generates a new delivery interval and displays the characters “—:—”  344  in the start-time field  342  of the new interval, which occurs after indexing through the delivery-rate field  340  for the last time interval. The user then scrolls through desired start times for the new time interval. After the desired start time is selected, the user activates the Next function  200  and the pump  100  indexes to the delivery-rate field  340  for the new time interval, which the user sets by scrolling through available delivery rate values. The user can then activate the Next function  200  to add yet another new time interval or can activate the Done function  212  to return to the Summary display  324 . In one embodiment, the pump  100  can include up to 48 time segments, although other embodiment will include more or fewer time segments. 
     To delete a time interval from the basal program, the user places the start-time field  342  for the desired interval into focus and scrolls down until the time reads “—:—”  344 . The user then activates the Next function  200  to index focus to the delivery-rate Field  340 . The user then scrolls the delivery rate down to 0.00  348  and either activates the Next function  200  to index to another time interval for editing or activates the Done function  212  to return to the Summary display  324 . 
     Additionally, both the Summary user interface  324  and the Edit user interface  336  include a total field  346  in which the total insulin scheduled to be delivered over a 24-hour period for that basal program is listed. The total insulin scheduled to be delivered is calculated by multiplying the delivery rate by the length of each time interval to calculate the total insulin to be delivered for each time interval by the basal program being edited. The total insulin to be delivered for each time interval is then summed to calculate the total insulin scheduled to be delivered over a 24-hour period. 
     Referring to  FIG. 14 , to begin a basal program the user indexes to the Basal Programs submenu  318  and selects the name of the desired basal program. The pump indexes to the Basal X submenu  322  and selects the Start Using menu item. The pump returns to the Basal Programs submenu  318  and sets the button  320 ′ for the newly activated basal program. The pump  100  also clears the button  320  for the previously active basal program. 
     K. Temporary Rate 
     A temporary rate allows the user to temporarily raise or lower the delivery rate being administered by the active bolus program. The user can personalize or customize the temporary rate programs and how they are present in the user interface. Referring to  FIG. 15 , to personalize the temporary rate programs, the user accesses the Personalize Delivery submenu  302 . 
     Selecting the Delivery menu item in the Personalize submenu  222  causes the pump  100  to index to the Personalize Delivery submenu  302  and the user selects the Temporary Rate menu item. The pump  100  then displays a display-temporary-rate field  350 , which is placed in focus. The user scrolls to and selects either a yes value or a no value. If the user selects the no value, the pump  100  returns to the Personalize Delivery submenu  302 . If the user selects the yes value, the pump  100  indexes focus to program-temporary-rate-using field  352  in which the user scrolls between and selects either a Percent value and a Units/hr value. If the user selects the Percent value, the pump  100  sets the temporary rate delivery programs to increase and decrease the basal rate in terms of a percentage of the programmed basal rate and indexes focus to a give-reminder field. If the user selects the Units/hr value, the pump  100  sets the temporary rate delivery programs to increase and decrease the basal rate in terms of absolute units per hour and indexes focus to the give-reminder field. 
     When focus is on the give-reminder field  354 , the user scrolls to and selects either a yes value or a no value. Selecting the yes value enables a temporary-rate reminder (either audible or vibratory) that that is periodically generated while the pump  100  is delivering a temporary rate. Focus then indexes to an interval field  356  in which the user scrolls to and selects an interval that sets how frequently the pump  100  gives a reminder. In one possible embodiment, the user scrolls between 5 minutes and 1 hour in increments such as 5 minutes, 10 minutes, or 15 minutes. Upon selection of the interval, focus indexes to an end-temporary-rate-reminder field  358 . Selecting the no value in the give-reminder field  358  disables the temporary-rate reminder and indexes focus directly from the give-reminder field  354  to the end-temporary-rate-reminder field  358 . 
     Within the end-temporary-rate-reminder field  358 , the user scrolls to and selects either a yes value or a no value. If the user selects the yes value, the pump  100  enables generation of the reminder upon completion of the temporary rate. The reminder is either an audible or vibratory reminder when delivery at the temporary rate is complete. In one possible embodiment, the reminder upon completion of the temporary rate is different than the reminder given to indicate that the temporary rate is still running. For example, an audible alarm might be longer, louder, or have a different sequence of beeps. Similarly, a vibratory alarm might be longer, stronger, or have a different sequence of vibrations. If the user selects the no value, the pump  100  disables the reminder. 
     The pump  100  next indexes focus to a review/edit-custom-temporary-rate field  360 . The user scrolls to and selects either a yes value or a no value. If the user selects the no value, the pump returns to the Personalize Delivery submenu  302 . If the user selects the yes value, the pump indexes to a display  362  entitled “Custom Temp Rate” and lists the name  364  of each customized temporary rate delivery program and displays a check box  366  next to each name  364 . In one possible embodiment, there are four separate temporary rate programs. If a customized temporary rate program is enabled, the check box  366  for that delivery program is set. If a customized temporary rate program is disabled, the check box  366  for that temporary rate delivery program is cleared. When a customized temporary rate delivery program is enabled, it is displayed in the Temporary Basal Rates submenu  376  ( FIG. 116 ) as described below and the user (can then selectively execute the temporary rate delivery program through the Temporary Rates submenu  376 . If the customized temporary rate delivery program is not enabled, it is not displayed in the Temporary Rates submenu  376  as described below and it cannot be executed. 
     To enable or disable a customized temporary rate program, the user scrolls to the name  364  of the desired program and activates the Edit function  254 . The pump  100  indexes to a display  367  entitled “Custom Temp Rate: Temp Rate X,” where X is the number of the customized temporary rate program being edited. In the illustrated example, the title of the screen is “Custom Temp Rate: Temp Rate 3” because temporary rate 3 is being edited. The screen has four fields, an in-menu field  368 , a name field  370 , a rate field  372 , and a duration field  374 . 
     The in-menu field  368  is initially placed in focus. Within this field, the user scrolls to and selects either a yes value and a no value. If the user activates the no value, the pump  100  disables the customized temporary rate program associated with the screen  367  (Temporary Rate Program  3  in the illustrated example) and returns to the Custom Temp Rate display  362 . The check box  366  for the disabled temporary rate program is cleared. In one possible embodiment, if the pump  100  is actually executing the temporary rate program that the user attempts to disable, the pump  100  will not disable the program and will present an error message stating, “You may not disable the active temporary rate program.” 
     If the user selects the yes value in the in-menu field  368 , focus indexes to the name field  370 . Within the name field  370 , the user scrolls to and selects a name to assign the program. In one possible embodiment, the user can scroll through names such as Sick, Travel, Exercise, and the generic name Temp Rate X, where X is the number of the temporary rate program being edited. When the user has scrolled to the desired name, the user activates the Next function  200  and the pump  100  indexes to the rate field  372 . 
     Within the rate field  372 , the user scrolls to and selects a percentage to modify the basal rate. In one possible embodiment, the user can scroll through percentages in the range from 0% to 250%. When the desired percentage is selected, focus indexes to the duration field  374 . Within the duration field  374 , the user scrolls to and selects a duration for which they would like the temporary rate to be active once it begins. In one possible embodiment, the user can scroll through rates in the range from 30 minutes to 72 hours. When the duration is selected, the pump  100  returns to the Custom Temp Rate display  362 . 
     The user repeats this procedure from the Custom Temp Rate display  362  for each custom temporary rate program  364  for which they desire to edit the enabled state, name, rate, or duration. When the user is done editing custom temporary rate programs, he or she activates the Done function  212 . The pump  100  then returns to the Personalize Delivery submenu  302 . As described below, the names of the enabled custom temporary rate delivery programs will then appear in a submenu  376  entitled “Temporary Basal Rate”. 
     Referring to  FIG. 16 , a user activates a temporary rate by selecting the Temporary Rate menu item from the main menu  190 . If the user has enabled any customized temporary rates as described above with reference to  FIG. 15 , the pump indexes to a Temporary Basal Rate submenu  376 , which lists the standard temporary rate delivery program  377  and all of the custom temporary rate delivery programs  364  that are enabled. In the illustrated example, the two custom temporary rate delivery programs  364  are 5 mile run and aerobics. The user scrolls to and selects the desired delivery program. 
     When the user selects a temporary rate program for execution, the pump  100  indexes from the Temporary Basal Rate submenu  376  to an edit screen  379 . In an alternative embodiment, if there are not any custom temporary rate programs  364  enabled (i.e., only the standard program  377  can be used), the pump  100  indexes directly from the main menu  190  to the edit screen  379  and skips the Temporary Basal Rate display  376 . 
     The edit screen  379  has a duration field  378  that contains the duration for the temporary rate and a rate field  380  that contain data to set the temporary rate. If the temporary rate is one that was customized as described in conjunction with  FIG. 15 , the duration field  378  contain the duration as it was initially set in the “Custom Temp Rate: Temp Rate X” display  367 . Similarly, the rate field  380  initially contains the rate data originally set in the “Custom Temp Rate: Temp Rate X” display  367 . The user can then adjust these values by using the scroll keys to change the values and the Next function to index from the duration field  378  to the rate field  380 . In one possible embodiment, for example, the duration can be set in the range from 0 minutes to 72 hours, and the rate can be set in the range from about 0% to about 400% if percent is the rate factor (or from a rate of 0 units per hour to the maximum basal rate if the units per hour is the rate factor). 
     If the user selects the Standard temporary basal rate program, the duration field  378  and rate field  380  are preprogrammed with a predetermined value that the user then adjusts to desired levels. If the temporary basal program is set to receive a percentage by which to adjust the basal rate, values in the rate field  380  are percentages  381 . If the temporary basal program is set to receive a new basal rate, values in the rate field  380  are in units/hr  381 ′. In one possible embodiment, for example, the rate field  378  might be set at 100% (the current basal rate if units per hour is used) and the duration field  380  at 30 minutes. In another possible embodiment, the duration field  380  is preprogrammed at 0 minutes. 
     The user sets the duration, activates the Next function  200 , sets the rate, activates the next function  200 , and then the pump  100  indexes to a confirmation screen  382  that lists the set duration and rate (as a percentage  383  or in units/hr  383 ′ depending on settings for the temporary rate program, for the temporary basal rate program. The user then activates a Deliver function  384  assigned to the second function key  140  and the pump  100  begins delivering insulin according to the operating parameters set in the temporary rate program. While the temporary rate is being delivered, the home page  152  will display the delivery rate  383 ′ as modified  162 ′ by the temporary rate and display a banner  384  stating that a temporary rate is active. In an alternative embodiment, if a custom temporary rate is active, the pump will display the name  364  assigned to the active custom temporary rate. 
     Referring to  FIG. 17 , the user can suspend an active temporary rate program by activating the Suspend function  172  on the home page  152 . As described above, the pump  100  prompts the user to select suspension of all delivery or just the temporary rate. The user highlights and selects the temporary rate. The pump  100  then prints a banner  386  indicating how much time remains in the duration of the temporary rate and prompting the user to confirm suspension. The user confirms suspension by activating the yes function  178 . The pump  100  then suspends delivery at the temporary rate and returns to pumping that according to the normal basal rate  160 . If the user activates the no function  180 , the pump  100  will continue delivering according to the temporary rate and will return to the home page  152  with a banner  384  stating that the temporary rate is active and a display of the temporary basal rate  162 ′. 
     L. Correction Bolus 
     In addition to delivering a basal rate the pump  100  may administer a bolus to lower the user&#39;s blood glucose level. One possible embodiment of the pump  100  can deliver two types of boluses, a correction bolus and a meal bolus. The correction bolus delivers a dose of insulin over and above the basal rate to lower or correct the user&#39;s blood glucose level if it becomes too high. A meal bolus is a dose of insulin delivered in anticipation of consuming a meal to counteract the effects that the meal may have on the user&#39;s blood glucose. 
     Referring to  FIG. 18 , the user can personalize or customize the correction bolus program and how the program is presented in the user interface. To personalize the temporary rate programs, the user accesses the Personalize Delivery submenu  302 . 
     Selecting the Correction Bolus menu item causes the pump  100  to display a main-menu field  388 , and places it in focus. The user scrolls to and selects either a yes value or a no value. The yes value enables a Correction Bolus menu item in the main menu  190 , and a no value disables the Correction Bolus menu item in the main menu  190 . Upon selecting the yes or no value, focus indexes to a meal-bolus field  390  in which the user scrolls to and selects either a yes value or a no value. A yes value enables the user to set a correction bolus through the meal bolus delivery program as described below. A no value disables the ability to set a correction bolus through the meal bolus delivery program. 
     Upon selecting a yes or no value in the meal-bolus field  390 , focus indexes to a units field  392  in which the user scrolls to and selects units for measuring blood glucose levels in either mg/dL and mmol/L. Upon selecting the units, focus indexes to a correction-bolus-factor field  394  in which the user scrolls to and selects a desired correction factor. The correction factor is the amount that the user&#39;s blood glucose drops for each unit of delivered insulin. In one possible embodiment, the user scrolls through values ranging from 5 mg/dL to 200 mg/dL (or 0.2 mmol/L to 12 mmol/L). When the desired correction factor is set, focus indexes to a duration-of-activity field  398 . 
     Additionally, the pump  100  calculates the average correction value for a predetermined number of days beginning with the previous day and extending backwards in time, and then displays  396  the average correction factor together with the correction-bolus-factor field  394 . In the illustrated example, the pump  100  displays the average correction factor for the previous seven days. As discussed above, other embodiments average the correction factor over other periods of time. In yet other embodiments the user can select the period of time over which to average the correction factor. Within the duration-of-activity field  398 , the user scrolls to and selects the duration of time over which insulin remains in the user&#39;s body. This amount will vary from user to user depending on a variety of factors including physical traits of the user and the type of insulin that is used. In one possible embodiment, the user scrolls through durations in the range from 2 hours to 6 hours. When the duration is set, the pump  100  returns to the Personalize Delivery submenu  302 . 
     Referring now to  FIG. 19 , the user delivers a correction bolus by selecting the correction bolus menu item from the main menu  190 . The pump  100  then displays an amount field  400  in which the user enters the amount by which they would like to lower their blood glucose. The user scrolls to and selects the desired amount. The pump  100  then calculates a recommended bolus and indexes focus to a recommend-bolus field  402 . The pump  100  also displays a banner  403  with the recommend-bolus field  402  which reads “Bolus to Lower BG X?” where X is the amount that the user entered to lower his or her blood glucose. The pump  100  calculates the recommended bolus according to the equation: 
                     Correction   ⁢           ⁢   Bolus     =       Drop   ⁢           ⁢   in   ⁢           ⁢   Glucose   ⁢           ⁢   Level       Correction   ⁢           ⁢   Factor               (   1   )               
and displays the recommended correction bolus in the recommend-bolus field  402 . The user can adjust the recommended correction bolus by incrementing the recommend amount up or down using the up and down keys  142  and  144 , respectively.
 
     When the desired correction bolus is displayed in the recommend-bolus field  402 , the user activates the Deliver function  384  and the pump  100  presents a verification display  404  that presents the bolus amount and a countdown timer. The pump  100  also assigns a stop function  406  to the first function key  138 . The pump  100  then counts down a predetermined period of time, such as 5 seconds, and begins to deliver the bolus after the countdown timer times out. If the user activates the Stop function  406  while the timer is still counting down, the pump  100  will cancel delivery of the bolus and return to the home page  152 . 
     During delivery of the bolus, the pump  100  displays a banner  408  in the screen stating the bolus is delivering and the amount of the bolus. The pump  100  then returns to the home page  152  after delivery of the bolus is complete. 
     Additionally, the pump  100  has a duration of activity program that determines whether any bolus that was previously delivered is still active. If a previous bolus is still active, the pump  100  calculates the estimated amount of insulin that is still active in the patient&#39;s body according to the equation: 
     
       
         
           
             
               
                 
                   
                     Residual 
                     ⁢ 
                     
                         
                     
                     ⁢ 
                     Insulin 
                   
                   = 
                   
                     
                       Last 
                       ⁢ 
                       
                           
                       
                       ⁢ 
                       Bolus 
                       ⁢ 
                       
                           
                       
                       ⁢ 
                       Amount 
                       × 
                       
                         ( 
                         
                           Duration 
                           - 
                           
                             Time 
                             ⁢ 
                             
                                 
                             
                             ⁢ 
                             Since 
                             ⁢ 
                             
                                 
                             
                             ⁢ 
                             Last 
                             ⁢ 
                             
                                 
                             
                             ⁢ 
                             Bolus 
                           
                         
                         ) 
                       
                     
                     Duration 
                   
                 
               
               
                 
                   ( 
                   2 
                   ) 
                 
               
             
           
         
       
         
         
           
             if (Duration−Time Since Last Bolus)≧0, 
             otherwise Residual Insulin=0.
 
where Residual Insulin is the amount of insulin from a previous correction bolus still active within the user&#39;s body, Last Bolus Amount is the amount of the last correction bolus, Duration is the duration of insulin, which is set as described in conjunction with  FIG. 15 , and Time Since Last Bolus is the amount of time lapsed since the last correction bolus was delivered. Additionally, there could be more than one correction boluses still active within the user&#39;s body. In this situation, equation 2 is used to calculate the residual insulin from each of the still active correction boluses and the amount of residual insulin for each of the previous correction boluses is summed to determine Residual Insulin.
 
           
         
       
    
     The pump  100  then calculates an adjusted correction bolus according to the equation:
 
Reduced Correction Bolus=Correction Bolus−Residual Insulin   (3)
 
The pump  100  then displays the reduced recommended corrected bolus in the correction-bolus field  402  rather than the recommended correction bolus. The display also presents a banner (not shown) with the recommended-bolus field that indicates that the recommended bolus is reduced to accommodate residual bolus insulin that is still working in the user&#39;s body. An example of such a banner is “*reduced for insulin onboard”.
 
     In an alternative embodiment, when the user selects the Correction Bolus menu item from the main menu  190 , the pump  100  indexes to a display that presents the correction factor, displays the user&#39;s target blood glucose level, and displays a current-blood-glucose field that prompts the user to enter the user&#39;s current blood glucose level. The user scrolls to and selects their current blood glucose level. The pump  100  then calculates the appropriate amount of the bolus to lower the user&#39;s blood glucose level to the target value and then presents the verification display. In this embodiment, the pump  100  calculates the desired drop in the glucose level, and the pump  100  calculates the correction bolus according to the equation: 
                     Correction   ⁢           ⁢   Bolus     =         Current   ⁢           ⁢   Glucose   ⁢           ⁢   Level     -     Target   ⁢           ⁢   Glucose   ⁢           ⁢   Level         Correction   ⁢           ⁢   Factor               (   4   )               
M. Meal Bolus Programs
 
     A meal bolus is a bolus that the pump delivers in anticipation of a meal that the user plans to consume. In one possible embodiment, the amount of the meal bolus is based on how much insulin is required to work against the carbohydrates that the user plans to consume. There are several types of meal bolus programs that the pump  100  may include. One type is a standard bolus in which the pump  100  delivers the meal bolus a predetermined time prior to when the user consumes the meal or snack. The standard program delivers the bolus at the maximum rate that the pump  100  is able to deliver it. As explained below, the standard program can be set for programming in either units of insulin or number of carbohydrates. Another type of meal bolus that the pump  100  can be programmed to deliver is an extended bolus in which the pump  100  delivers the meal bolus over an extended period. Yet another type of meal bolus that the pump  100  can be programmed to deliver is a combination bolus in which the pump  100  immediately delivers a portion of the meal bolus and the balance of the meal bolus over an extended period of time. 
     Referring to  FIG. 20 , to instruct the pump  100  to program the standard meal bolus in units of insulin and to otherwise personalize the meal bolus program, the user accesses the Personalize Delivery submenu  302 . From the Personalize Delivery submenu  302 , the user selects the Meal Bolus menu item and the pump  100  prompts  410  the user to select whether to program in units of insulin or carbohydrates. The user selects units of insulin. The pump  100  then prompts  412  the user to select the maximum bolus that can be delivered. In one possible embodiment, the user scrolls through values in the range between 0 units and 40 units of insulin in increments of 1 until the desired value is highlighted. Next, the pump  100  prompts  414  the user to select the increments in which the user can select the actual bolus to be delivered. In one possible embodiment, the user scrolls between 0.05 units, 0.10 units, 0.50 units, and 1.00 units. 
     The pump  100  then prompts  416  the user to select whether to enable an extended bolus program and to display an Extended Bolus menu item within a Meal Bolus submenu  434  ( FIG. 21 ). The extended bolus program is selected by selecting a yes value and disabled by selecting a no value. The pump  100  also prompts  418  the user to select whether to enable a combination bolus program and to display a Combo Bolus menu item within the Meal Bolus submenu  434 . The combination bolus program is activated by selecting a yes value and is disabled by selecting a no value. The pump  100  then prompts  420  the user to choose whether to enable an audio bolus program. The user selects a yes value to enable the audio bolus program and selects a no value to disable the audio bolus program. 
     If the pump  100  is preprogrammed with one or more custom meal boluses, the pump prompts  422  the user to select whether to review or edit a custom bolus. If the user does not want to review or edit a custom bolus, the user selects no and the pump  100  returns to the Personalize Delivery submenu  302 . If the user selects yes, the pump  100  presents a display  424  entitled “Custom Bolus,” which lists the names  426  of the available custom meal bolus programs. The display  424  also presents a check box  428  for each of the custom meal bolus programs  426 . If a custom meal bolus program  426  is enabled, the check box  428  is set. If a custom meal bolus program  426  is not enabled, the check box  428  is cleared. When a custom meal bolus is enabled, it is displayed in the Meal Bolus submenu  434  as a separate menu item. If the custom meal bolus program is not enabled, it is not displayed in the Meal Bolus submenu  434  and the user cannot execute the program. 
     To enable or disable a meal bolus program, the user scrolls to the desired custom meal bolus program and activates the Edit function  254 . The pump  100  presents a display  430  entitled “Custom Bolus: X,” where X is the name of the selected custom meal bolus program. In the illustrated example, the title of the display is Custom Meal Bolus: Pizza”. Upon activating the Edit function  254 , the pump  100  prompts  432  the user to select either a yes value or no value. If the user selects the yes value, the pump  100  enables the custom meal bolus program  426  and displays the name of the program as a menu item in the Meal Bolus submenu  434 . If the user selects the no value, the pump  100  disables the custom meal bolus program  426  and does not display the name of the program as menu item in the Meal Bolus submenu  434 . After the yes or no value is selected, the pump  100  returns to the “Custom Bolus” display  424 . 
     The user repeats this procedure from the “Custom Bolus” display  424  for each custom meal bolus program  426  for which they desire to change the enabled state. When the user is done changing the enabled states for the available custom meal bolus programs  426 , the user activates the Done function  212  in the “Custom Bolus” display  424 . The pump  100  then returns to the Personalize Delivery submenu  302 . 
     Additionally, in one possible embodiment, if there are no custom meal bolus programs available for the user to enable, the pump  100  automatically returns to the Personalize Delivery submenu  302  after the user instructs  420  the pump  100  whether to enable an Audio Bolus. 
       FIG. 21  illustrates administration of a standard meal bolus when the pump  100  is set to program meal boluses using units of insulin. The user selects the meal bolus menu item from the main menu, and the pump indexes to a Meal Bolus submenu  434 . The meal bolus submenu  434  lists the available meal bolus programs. Examples include the standard meal bolus program, the extended meal bolus program, the combination meal bolus program, and any enabled custom meal bolus programs. In the illustrated example, only the extended meal bolus program is enabled and thus the Meal Bolus submenu  434  includes a Standard Bolus and an Extended Bolus. The user highlights the Standard Menu item and the pump  100  prompts  436  the user to enter the number of units to deliver. In one possible embodiment, the user can scroll through values in the range from 0 units to 17 units in increments of 0.5 units. 
     If the pump  100  is programmed to enable administration of a correction bolus through the Meal Bolus program, the pump  100  prompts  436  the user to enter the number of units to deliver as a meal bolus. The user then activates the Deliver function  384  and the pump  100  prompts  438  the user to enter the amount by which they want to lower their blood glucose level. In one possible embodiment, the user enters the amount by scrolling through values in units of either mg/dL or mmol/L. When the desired drop in blood glucose is entered, the user activates the Next function  200 , which causes the pump  100  to calculate a recommended bolus amount and to display a user interface with the banner  439  stating “Bolus to Lower BG X plus Y meal bolus.” X is the amount by which the user entered to lower the blood glucose level, and Y is the amount of the meal bolus entered by the user. 
     The user interface also displays the recommended bolus amount  440  to deliver. The recommended bolus amount  440  is the recommended correction bolus as calculated above, plus the amount of the meal bolus. This feature allows the user to correct a high blood glucose level and deliver additional insulin to work against carbohydrates that they plan to consume. The user can adjust the recommended bolus amount by increasing or decreasing the recommended bolus amount by scrolling up or down. In one possible embodiment, the user scrolls in increments of 0.5 units. Once the desired bolus amount is set, the user activates the Deliver function  384 . 
     Activating the Deliver function  384  causes the pump  100  to start a countdown timer and display a banner  404  that states a bolus will be delivered in predetermined time. In one possible embodiment, that time is 5 seconds and the pump  100  displays the bolus amount in the banner  404 . An example of a possible banner states “Bolus X Delivery Starts in 5 Seconds,” where X is the bolus amount. The pump  100  also assigns a Stop function  406  to the first function key  138 . 
     If the user activates the Stop function  406  before the countdown timer times out, the pump  100  will terminate delivery of the bolus and return to the home page  152 . If the user does not activate the Stop function  406 , when the timer times out, the pump I  00  will begin to deliver the bolus and display a banner  408  stating that the bolus is being delivered. An example of such a banner is “Bolus X is Delivering”, where X is the bolus amount. When delivery of the bolus is complete, the pump  100  returns to the home page  152 . 
     In an alternative embodiment, when the pump  100  is programmed to enable administration of a correction bolus through a Meal Bolus, the pump  100  displays a user interface entitled Current Blood Glucose.” The pump  100  calculates the current correction factor and displays the correction factor in the user interface. The pump  100  also displays the target blood glucose level. The user then enters his or her current blood glucose level in units of either mg/dL or mmol/L, by scrolling through a range of values until the current blood glucose level is displayed. In this embodiment, the target blood glucose level and the appropriate units are programmed into the pump  100  when personalizing the correction bolus program as described herein. Once the user enters the current blood glucose level, the user activates the Next function  200  and the pump  100  calculates a recommended bolus amount, using the equations set forth above, and adds it to the meal bolus. The pump  100  displays the user interface with the banner “Bolus to Lower BG X plus Y Meal Bolus”  439 . The user can then change the amount  440  and activate the Deliver function  384  to begin delivery of the bolus as described above. 
     Additionally, in one possible embodiment, the pump  100  adjusts the recommended bolus based on the meal bolus or the meal bolus plus the correction bolus to accommodate insulin on board or residual insulin that is still working within the user&#39;s body. In this embodiment, the amount of the adjusted correction bolus is adjusted using the equations described above in conjunction with the duration-of-activity function. The methods of adjusting the bolus amount for insulin on board is described above. 
     Referring to  FIG. 22 , to instruct the pump  100  to program the standard meal bolus in number of carbohydrates consumed and to otherwise personalize the meal bolus program, the user accesses the Personalize Delivery submenu  302 . From the Personalize Delivery submenu  302 , the user selects the Meal Bolus menu item and the pump  100  then prompts  442  the user to select whether to program in units of insulin or carbohydrates. The user highlights units of carbohydrates and activates the Next function  200 . The pump  100  prompts  444  the user to enter their carbohydrate ratio, which is the number or grams of carbohydrates that each unit of insulin will counteract. The pump  100  also calculates the historical average carbohydrate ratio  445  for a predetermined time-period and displays that historical average with the prompt  444 . In one possible embodiment, the historical average is for the previous 7-day period. As discussed above, other embodiments average the carbohydrate ratio over other periods of time. In yet other embodiments the user can select the period of time over which to average the carbohydrate ratio. 
     The user enters the carbohydrate ratio by scrolling through values in a predetermined range such as from 0 gm/u to 50 gm/u in increments of 1. When the desired number of carbohydrates is set, the user activates the Next function  200  and the pump  100  prompts  446  the user to set the increment by which the user would like to be able to scroll through the number of carbohydrates when programming the pump  100  to deliver a meal bolus. In one possible embodiment, the user can set the desired increment between 1 and 15 grams. 
     The pump  100  prompts  448  the user to enter the maximum bolus that can be delivered. In one possible embodiment, the user scrolls through values in the range between 0 units and 40 units of insulin in increments of 1 until the desired value is highlighted. The pump  100  then prompts  450  the user to enter the increments in which the user can select the actual bolus to be delivered. In one possible embodiment, the user scrolls between 0.05 units, 0.10 units, 0.50 units, and 1.00 units and activates the Next function  200 . 
     The pump prompts  452  the user to select whether to enable an extended bolus program and to display an Extended Bolus menu item within the Meal Bolus submenu  434 . The extended bolus program is enabled by highlighting and activating a yes value and not enabled by highlighting and selecting a no value. The pump  100  also prompts  454  the user to select whether to enable a combination bolus program and to display a Combo Bolus menu item within a Meal Bolus submenu  434 . The combination bolus program is enabled by highlighting and activating a yes value and not enabled by highlighting and selecting a no value. The user activates the Next function  200  to index through these prompts  452  and  454 . The pump  100  then prompts  456  the user to choose whether to enable an audio bolus program. The user selects a yes value to enable the audio bolus program and selects a no value to not enable the audio bolus program and then activates the next function  200 . 
     If the pump  100  is preprogrammed with one or more custom meal boluses, the pump  100  then prompts  458  the user to select whether to review or edit a custom bolus. the user does not want to review or edit a custom bolus, the user selects no and the pump  100  returns to the Personalize Delivery submenu  302 . If the user selects yes, the pump indexes to a display  460  entitled “Custom Bolus,” which lists the names  462  of the available custom programs. In the illustrated example, there are four custom boluses available on the pump, Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner, and Snack. 
     The screen also presents a check box  464  for each of the custom meal bolus programs  462 . If a custom meal bolus program is enabled, the pump  100  sets the check box  464 . If a custom meal bolus program is not enabled, the pump  100  clears the check box  464 . When a custom meal bolus program is enabled, it is displayed in the Meal Bolus submenu  434  as a separate menu item. If the custom meal bolus program is not enabled, it is not displayed in the Meal Bolus submenu  434  and the user cannot execute the custom meal bolus program. 
     To enable or disable a custom meal bolus program, the user selects the desired custom meal bolus program and activates the Edit function  254 . The pump  100  indexes to a display  466  entitled “Custom Bolus: X,” where X is the name  462  of the selected custom meal bolus program. In the illustrated example, the title of the display  466  is Custom Meal Bolus: Breakfast”. The user interface  466  prompts  468  the user to instruct the pump  100  whether to display the custom meal bolus in the Meal Bolus submenu  434  by entering either a yes value or no value. If the user selects the yes value and activates the next function  200 , the pump  100  prompts  470  the user to enter the carbohydrate ratio to use with the custom meal bolus program. The value of the carbohydrate ratio  470  may or may not be the same value as the carbohydrate ratio  444 . The user enters the carbohydrate ratio by scrolling through values in a predetermined range such as from 0 gm/u to 50 gm/u in increments of 1. When the desired number of carbohydrates is set, the user activates the Next function  200  and the pump  100  returns to the “Custom Bolus” submenu  434 . 
     If the user selects the no value at the prompt  468 , the pump  100  will not enable the custom meal bolus program and will not display menu item for the program in the Meal Bolus submenu  434 . After the no value is entered, the pump  100  returns to the “Custom Bolus” display  460 . 
     The user repeats this procedure from the “Custom Bolus” display  460  for each custom bolus program for which they desire to change the enabled state. When the user is done changing the enabled states for the available custom meal bolus programs, the user activates the Done function  212 . The pump  100  then returns to the Personalize Delivery submenu  302 . 
     Additionally, in one possible embodiment, if there are no custom meal bolus programs available for the user to enable, the pump  100  automatically returns to the Personalize Delivery submenu  302  after the user instructs  456  the pump  100  whether to enable an Audio Bolus. 
       FIG. 23  illustrates administration of a standard meal bolus when the pump  100  is set to program meal boluses using grams of carbohydrates. The user selects the meal bolus menu item from the main menu  190 , and the pump indexes to the Meal Bolus submenu  434 . The meal bolus submenu  434  lists the available meal bolus programs. Examples include the standard meal bolus program, the extended meal bolus program, the combination meal bolus program, and any enabled custom meal bolus programs. In the illustrated example, only the extended meal bolus program is enabled and thus the meal bolus submenu includes a Standard Bolus and an Extended Bolus. 
     The user selects the Standard Menu item and the pump  100  prompts  472  the user to enter the number of carbohydrates that the user plans to consume. The user interface also displays the current carbohydrate ratio  473 . The user sets the desired number of carbohydrates. In one possible embodiment, the user scrolls through carbohydrates in the range from 0 grams to 225 grams. 
     The user then activates the Next function  200  and the pump  100  calculates a recommended size for the meal bolus using the equation: 
                     Recommended   ⁢           ⁢   Meal   ⁢           ⁢   Bolus     =       Grams   ⁢           ⁢   of   ⁢           ⁢   Carbohydrates       Carbohydrate   ⁢           ⁢   Ratio               (   5   )               
The pump  100  displays  474  the recommended meal bolus. The user can then adjust the size of the meal bolus by scrolling up or down. In one possible embodiment, the pump  100  scrolls in increments of  1 . Once the desired bolus amount is set the user activates the Deliver function  384 .
 
     When the pump  100  is programmed to enable administration of a correction bolus through a Meal Bolus, the pump  100  prompts  472  the user to enter the number of carbohydrates to be consumed. The user then activates the Next function  200 , and the pump  100  prompts  478  the user to enter the amount by which they want to lower their blood glucose level. The user then activates the Next function  200 , which causes the pump  100  to calculate a recommended bolus amount and to display a user interface with a banner  482  stating “Bolus to Lower BG X plus Y grams of carbohydrates.” X is the amount by which the user entered to lower the blood glucose level, and Y is the number of carbohydrates that the user entered. 
     The pump  100  also displays the recommended bolus amount  480  to deliver. The recommended bolus amount  480  is the recommended correction bolus plus the amount of the meal bolus. This feature allows the user to correct a high blood glucose level and deliver additional insulin to work against carbohydrates that they plan to consume. The user can adjust the recommended bolus amount by increasing or decreasing the recommended bolus amount by scrolling up or down. In one possible embodiment, the user scrolls in increments of 0.5 units. Once the desired bolus amount is set, the user activates the Deliver function  384 . 
     Activating the Deliver function  384  causes the pump  100  to start the countdown X timer and display the banner  404  that states a bolus will be delivered in predetermined time. In one possible embodiment, that time is 5 seconds and the banner  404  also states the bolus amount. An example of a possible banner  404  states “Bolus X Delivery Starts in 5 Seconds,” where X is the bolus amount. The pump  100  also assigns a Stop function  406  to the first function key  138 . 
     If the user activates the Stop function  406  before the countdown timer times out, the pump  100  will terminate delivery of the bolus and return to the home page  152 . If the user does not activate the Stop function  406 , when the timer times out, the pump  100  will begin to deliver the bolus and display the banner  408  stating that the bolus is being delivered. An example of such a banner is “Bolus X is Delivering”, where X is the bolus amount. When delivery of the bolus is complete, the pump returns to the home page  152 . 
     In an alternative embodiment, when the pump  100  is programmed to enable administration of a correction bolus through a Meal Bolus, the pump  100  prompts the user to enter their current blood glucose measurement. The pump  100  calculates the current correction factor and also displays the correction factor and the target blood glucose level with the prompt. The user then enters his or her current blood glucose level in units of either mg/dL or mmol/L, by scrolling through a range of values until the current blood glucose level is displayed. In this embodiment, the target blood glucose level and the appropriate units are programmed into the pump when personalizing or customizing the correction bolus program. Once the user enters the current blood glucose level, the user activates the Next function  200  and the pump  100  calculates a recommended bolus amount and adds it to the meal bolus. The pump  100  displays the user interface with the banner  482  “Bolus to Lower BG X plus Y grams of carbohydrates.” The user can then change the amount and activate the Deliver function  384  to begin delivery of the bolus as described above. 
     Additionally, in one possible embodiment, the pump  100  adjusts the recommended bolus based on the meal bolus or the meal bolus plus the correction bolus to accommodate insulin on board or residual insulin that is still working within the user&#39;s body. In this embodiment, the amount of the adjusted correction bolus is adjusted using the equations described above in conjunction with the duration-of-activity function. The methods of adjusting the bolus amount for insulin on board is described herein. 
       FIG. 24  illustrates administration of an extended bolus. The user selects the meal bolus menu item from the main menu  190 , and the pump  100  indexes to a Meal Bolus submenu  434 . The meal bolus submenu  434  lists the available meal bolus programs including the extended bolus program. In the illustrated example, the extended meal bolus program and the combination bolus program are enabled and thus the meal bolus submenu includes menu items for a standard bolus, an extended bolus, and a combination bolus. 
     The user selects the Extended Bolus menu item and, when the pump  100  is set to program in units of insulin, the pump prompts  484  the user to enter the number of units to deliver. In one possible embodiment, the user can scroll through values in the range from 0 units to 17 units in increments of 0.5 units. When the number of units for delivery are entered, the user activates the Next function  200  and the pump  100  prompts  486  the user to enter the duration of length of time over which the extended bolus is to be delivered. In one possible embodiment, the user enters a duration in the range of 0 minutes to 6 hours in increments of 30 minutes. 
     When the duration is set, the pump  100  displays a user interface  488  that presents the programmed amount  490  of the extended bolus and the duration  492  over which it is to be delivered. To begin delivery of the extended bolus, the user activates the Deliver Function  384 . The pump  100  then begins delivering the extended bolus and will complete delivery upon expiration of the duration. 
     Alternatively, when the pump  100  is set to program in grams of carbohydrates, the pump  100  prompts  484 ′ the user to enter the grams of carbohydrates that the user plans to consume rather than the units of insulin to deliver as an extended bolus. The pump  100  also prompts  486  the user to enter the duration for the extended bolus The pump  100  displays  485  the carbohydrate ratio while prompting the user to enter the grams of carbohydrates  484 ′ and the duration  486 . The pump  100  then calculates a recommended bolus amount  490 ′ using the carbohydrate ratio as described above and displays the recommended bolus amount  490 ′, together with the duration  492  in a user interface that confirms the parameters for delivery of the extended bolus. The user can adjust the recommended amount  490 ′ for the extended bolus by scrolling with the up and down keys  142  and  144 . The user activates the Deliver function  384  to begin delivery of the extended bolus using the parameters displayed in the user interface. 
     After delivery of the extended bolus begins, if the pump  100  is programmed to enable administration of a correction bolus through the Meal Bolus program, the pump  100  prompts  494  the user to enter the amount by which they want to lower their blood glucose level. The user then activates the Next function  200  and the pump  100  prompts  496  the user to enter the number of units to deliver as a meal bolus. In one possible embodiment, the user enters the amount by scrolling through values in units of either mg/dL or mmol/L. When the desired drop in blood glucose is entered, the user activates the Next function  200 , which causes the pump  100  to calculate a recommended bolus amount and to display the banner  497  “Bolus to Lower BG X.” X is the amount by which the user entered to lower the blood glucose level. 
     The prompt  496  initially displays the recommended bolus amount to deliver. The recommended bolus amount is the recommended correction bolus  490  or  490 ′, which the pump  100  calculates using the correction factor as discussed above. This feature allows the user to correct a high blood glucose level and deliver additional insulin to work against carbohydrates that they plan to consume. The user can adjust the recommended bolus amount  496  by increasing or decreasing the recommended bolus amount  496  by using the up and down keys  142  and  144 . In one possible embodiment, the user scrolls in increments of 0.5 units. Once the desired bolus amount is set, the user activates the Deliver function  384 . 
     Activating the Deliver function  384  causes the pump  100  to display the banner  404  that states a bolus will be delivered in predetermined time. In one possible embodiment, that time is 5 seconds and the pump  100  displays the bolus amount  496  in the banner. An example of a possible user interface states “Bolus X Delivery Starts in 5 Seconds,” where X is the amount of the correction bolus. The pump  100  also assigns the Stop function  406  to the first function key  138 . 
     If the user activates the Stop function  406  before the countdown timer times out, the pump  100  will terminate delivery of the correction bolus and return to the home page  152 . In one possible embodiment, activating the Stop function  406  will terminate delivery of the correction bolus, but not the extended bolus. If the user does not activate the Stop function  406 , when the timer times out, the pump  100  will begin to deliver the bolus and display the banner  408  stating that the bolus is being delivered. An example of such a banner is “Bolus X is Delivering”, where X is the bolus amount. When delivery of the bolus is complete, the pump  100  returns to the home page  152 . 
     In an alternative embodiment, when the pump  100  is programmed to enable administration of a correction bolus through a Meal Bolus, the pump  100  prompts the user to enter their current blood glucose measurement. The pump  100  calculates the current correction factor and displays the correction factor in the user interface. The pump  100  also displays the target blood glucose level. The user then enters his or her current blood glucose level in units of either mg/dL or mmol/L, by scrolling through a range of values until the current blood glucose level is displayed. In this embodiment, the target blood glucose level and the appropriate units are programmed into the pump  100  when personalizing the correction bolus program. Once the user enters the current blood glucose level, the user activates the Next function  200  and the pump  100  calculates a recommend bolus amount and adds it to the meal bolus. The pump  100  displays the user interface with the banner “Bolus to Lower BG X plus Y Meal Bolus.” The user can then change the amount and activate the Deliver function  384  to begin delivery of the bolus as described above. 
     Additionally, in one possible embodiment, the pump  100  adjusts the recommended correction bolus based on the meal bolus or the meal bolus plus the correction bolus to accommodate insulin on board or residual insulin that is still working within the user&#39;s body. In this embodiment, the amount of the adjusted correction bolus is adjusted using the equations described above in conjunction with the duration-of-activity function. The methods of adjusting the bolus amount for insulin on board is described herein. 
     Referring to  FIG. 25 , the user can suspend delivery of an extended bolus by activating the Suspend function  172  on the home page  152 . As described above, the pump  100  prompts the user to select suspension of all delivery or just the extended bolus. The user selects the extended bolus. The pump  100  then prints the banner  386  indicating how much time remains in the duration for the extended bolus and how much of the extended bolus remains to be delivered. The pump  100  also prompts the user to confirm suspension. The user confirms suspension by activating the Yes function  178 . The pump  100  then suspends delivery of the extended bolus and returns to pumping according to the normal basal rate. If the user activates the No function  180 , the pump  100  will continue delivering according to the extended bolus and will return to the home page  152 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 26 , delivery of a combination bolus is programmed into the pump in a manner similar to that of an extended bolus. However, the pump also prompts  498  the user to enter the proportion or percent of the bolus that the pump  100  delivers immediately upon activation of the Deliver function  384 . To enter the proportion of the amount that is delivered immediately, the user scrolls through percentages until the desired percentage of the bolus for immediate delivery is set. In one possible embodiment, the user scrolls through percentages in the range from 0% to 100% in increments of 1. Additionally when programming the pump to deliver a combination bolus, the pump  100  displays  500  the percentage of the bolus is to be delivered immediately in the confirmation user interface  488 . In an alternative embodiment, the user enters the proportion or percent of the bolus that the pump  100  delivers over an extended period. 
     Referring to  FIG. 27 , the user can suspend delivery of a combination bolus in a manner substantially similar to that of the extended bolus except that the pump  100  displays a combination bolus menu item in the suspend menu. The user selects the combination bolus menu item to suspend delivery of the combination bolus, and then confirms suspension of the combination bolus. 
     N. Audio Bolus 
     Referring to  FIG. 28 , if audio bolus delivery is enabled, the user can program delivery of a standard meal bolus using a single button. To program an audio bolus, the user presses  502  the audio bolus button  125  once and the pump  100  begins the program for delivering a standard meal bolus. The pump  100  then generates an audible signal  504  in the form of a beep and starts a button-detection timer  506 . In an alternative embodiment, the pump  100  does not generate the audible signal  504  and starts the button-detection timer  506  immediately upon initially pressing the audio bolus button  502 . 
     The user then presses  512  the audio bolus button again to increment the amount to be delivered starting from 0. The user stops pressing the audible bolus button  125  when the desired bolus amount is reached  518  and  520 . The amount of the increment is the increment size the user set when personalizing the meal bolus program. Each time the audio bolus button is pressed, the amount of the bolus increases by one increment. 
     The button-detection timer is reset  514  every time the audible bolus button is pressed. If the audible bolus button  125  is not pressed before the button-detection timer times out after the first time the audible bolus button  125  is pressed, the pump  100  cancels  510  the programming sequence. If the button-detection timer times out  516  while the user is incrementing the bolus amount, the pump  100  determines that the proper bolus amount is set. The audio alarm  108  then generates a series of beeps  524  that includes one beep for each bolus increment that was entered. This series of beeps provides an audible confirmation regarding the amount of the meal bolus. 
     In one possible embodiment, after the last beep in the series of beeps, the pump  100  generates a final beep  526  to signal the end of the series. The final beep  526  has a different tone or volume than the beeps in the series of beeps  524 . In an alternative embodiment, the pump  100  does not generate the final beep  524 . 
     If the amount of the bolus is correct, the user presses the audio bolus button  125  again and the meal bolus program starts a countdown timer  528 , which gives the user time to cancel delivery of the bolus. When the countdown timer times out  530 , the pump  100  delivers  532  the meal bolus. 
     In an example, if the increment count is set at 0.5 units and the user desires to program a standard meal bolus of 2 units, the user would press the audio bolus once to initiate programming the standard meal bolus and then four more times to increment the bolus amount to 2 units. After the fourth button push, the user pauses and the audible-button timer times out. The pump  100  then generates a series of four beeps to signal that the bolus amount was incremented four times and a final beep to signal completion of the series of beeps. The countdown time would then begin to run, and the pump  100  would deliver a meal bolus of 2 units when the countdown timer times out. 
     Additionally, the bolus is set in either units of insulin or grams of carbohydrates depending on whether the pump  100  is set for programming in units of insulin or grams of carbohydrates, respectively. If the pump is set to program meal boluses in units of insulin, then each increment using the meal bolus button increments the bolus amount in units of insulin. If the bolus is set in to program meal boluses in grams of carbohydrates, then each increment using the meal bolus button  125  increments the bolus amount in grams of carbohydrates. 
     In one possible embodiment, the pump  100  displays the user interface that corresponds to the programming step being performed. For example, the user interface for entering the bolus amount is displayed after the user initiates the Audible bolus function by pressing the audible bolus button a first time. The bolus amount is initially set at 0. Every time the user presses the audible bolus button  125  after the first time and before the audible-button timer times out, the bolus amount displayed in the user interface will increment one time. A confirmation banner  404  ( FIG. 19 ) will be displayed while the series of confirmation beeps are generated, and the user interface displaying the countdown timer is displayed while the countdown timer is running. Additionally, the Stop function is assigned to the first function key  138 . The pump  100  delivers the bolus and returns to the home page  152  after the countdown timer times-out. 
     O. Computer-Pump Communication and Programming 
     In one possible embodiment, the pump  100  can communicate with a computer. The computer can upload information from the pump  100 , including the historical information generated by and stored on the pump  100 . The computer can archive the historical information and maintain a complete historical record about the pump  100 . Additionally, the computer can generate various reports regarding use of the pump  100 , including information about delivery rates, bolus amounts, and alarms. Additionally, the computer can operate a program that allows the user to enter operating parameters for the various delivery programs that are loaded on the pump  100  and to download those operating parameters to the pump  100 . In yet another possible embodiment, the computer can be used to download delivery programs and software updates to the pump  100 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 29 , in one possible embodiment, a computer  534  is a desktop computer that is IBM PC compatible, although other computers can be used. For example, the computer  534  could be an Apple computer, portable computer, a hand-held computer, a mainframe computer, a computer that is connected to a network. The computer  534  has a monitor  536 , a storage device  538 , and an infrared (IR) communication port  540 . The pump  100  communicates with the computer through the IR port  120  on the pump  100  and the IR communication port  540  of the computer  534 . In other embodiments, the pump  100  and computer  534  communicate through other types of data links such as a wireless or radio frequency (RF) connection or a wired connection such as USB, RS232, Fire wire, etc. 
     Communication between a medical pump and a computer is also discussed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,935,099, the disclosure of which was incorporated by reference above. 
     Referring to  FIG. 30A , the software operating on the computer  534  generates a user interface  542  that allows a user to view, edit, and enter operating parameters for the various delivery programs that are loaded on the insulin pump  100 . In one possible embodiment, the user interface  542  has a plurality of stacked primary windows  544   a - 544   e.  Each primary window includes a tab  546   a - 546   e  and data entry features for entering profile settings for the delivery programs. A basal programs primary window  544   a  is associated with the basal delivery programs, and is marked with a tab  546   a  bearing the name Basal Programs. A meal boluses primary window  544   b  is associated with the meal bolus delivery programs, and is marked with a tab  546   b  bearing the name Meal Boluses. A correction boluses primary window  544   c  is associated with the correction bolus deliver programs, and is marked with a tab  546   c  bearing the name Correction Boluses. A temporary rates primary window  544   d  is associated with the temporary rate delivery programs, and is marked with tab  546   d  bearing the name Temporary Rates. 
     A primary window  544  can include a variety of different data entry features for entering the operating parameters including text, numbers, flags, or the like. Examples of the data entry features include buttons, check boxes, spin boxes, text fields, numeric fields, and tables. The buttons and check boxes are alternatively set and cleared by clicking on them with a pointing device such as a mouse. Each spin box is associated with up and down buttons and contains a list of values. The user sets the desired value by spinning though the list of values with the up and down keys until the desired value is visible in the spin box. The tables have rows of cells and a scroll bar. The user can manipulate the scroll bar with a pointing device to scroll through the available rows within the table. Additionally, each primary window has a download button, an upload button, and a save button. 
     The primary window on the top of the stack is active, and the user can enter, edit, and view operating parameters in the active primary window. The user can bring any one of the primary windows to the top of the stack by clicking on the primary window&#39;s tab. 
     Still referring to  FIG. 30A , the first primary window  544   a , which is for setting the operating parameters for the basal programs, has three panels. The first panel  548  has a spin box  550  for setting the maximum basal rate for the insulin pump. The spin box  550  is displayed in a first group box  549 . The user spins though available values until the desired maximum basal rate is visible within the spin box  550 . The maximum basal rate set in the spin box will apply to all of the basal delivery programs. In the illustrated example, there are four possible basal delivery programs. The first spin box  550  is present in a first group box. 
     The second panel  552  of the screen has one secondary window  554   a - 554   d  for each of the basal delivery programs. The secondary windows are stacked and are marked with tabs  556   a - 556   d . Each tab  556  is marked with the name of the basal program associated with the tab&#39;s secondary window  554 . The secondary window  554  on the top of the stack is active, and the user can enter, edit, and view operating parameters in the active secondary window. The user clicks on the tab  556  for any given secondary window to bring it to the top of the stack. In the illustrated example, there are four basal delivery programs and hence four secondary windows named Basal  1   554   a , Basal  2   554   b,  Basal  3   554   c , and Basal  4   554   d.    
     Each secondary window  554  has a button  558 , a check box  560 , and a text field  562  organized into a second group box  564  for setting program preferences. A table  566  and a graph  568  are organized into a third group box  570  and are for naming, setting, and viewing the basal delivery rates. To activate a basal delivery program, the user sets the button  558  by clicking on it. Any other basal program that was active becomes inactive and the button for the previously active basal delivery program is cleared. Additionally, ;an asterisk is placed in the tab  556  for the active basal delivery program so that the user an easily identify the active basal delivery program if the secondary window  554  for that basal delivery program is not on top of the stack. When the operating parameters for the basal delivery programs are downloaded to the pump  100 , the basal delivery program in which the button  558  is set will become the active basal delivery program on the pump  100 . 
     To display the basal delivery program as a menu item in the Basal Program submenu  318  ( FIG. 13 ) on the pump  100 , the user sets the checkbox  560 . When the operating parameters for the basal programs are downloaded to the pump  100 , the name for the basal program is displayed as a menu item in the Basal Program submenu  318 . 
     To customize the name of the basal delivery program, the user types the custom name into the text field  562 . The custom name is assigned to the basal delivery program and appears in the tab  556  for that program. Additionally, the custom name is the name downloaded into the pump  100  and appears in the Basal Program submenu  318 , if the checkbox  560  is set. In an alternative embodiment, a spin box is associated with the text field  562 . The spin box presents preprogrammed, optional names for the basal delivery programs that the user can select. The selected name would then replace the generic name (e.g., Basal  1 , Basal  2 , Basal  3 , and Basal  4  in the illustrated example) for the program associated with the display. Examples of optional names that might be loaded in the pump  100  include weekday, weekend, sick, and monthly (which is to designate a basal delivery program set for a woman&#39;s menstrual cycle). 
     The basal rate table  566  or grid has a plurality of rows  572  and each row has two (cells  574  and  576 . When a cell within the table  566  has focus and the user presses the enter key or the tab key, the focus shifts to the next cell to the right. If the current cell is the last cell in the row, focus shifts to the first cell in the next row. If the user presses the enter key while the last cell in the last row is in focus, a new row is created. In this manner, the user can expand the length of the table  572 . If the user presses the enter key while the last cell of a row is in focus and there is no data in any cell within that row, the computer will delete the row. The one exception is the first row in the table, which cannot be deleted. 
     The first cell within a row is a start-time cell  574 , and the second cell within a row is a delivery-rate cell  576 . Each row corresponds to a different interval in the delivery protocol for the basal delivery program. To set the delivery protocol for a basal program, the user enters the start time for each delivery interval in the start-time cell  574  and the delivery rate in the delivery-rate cell  576 . The pump  100  will then deliver at the set delivery rate beginning at the set start time and until the start time for the next delivery interval. In one possible embodiment, the start time for the first interval is 12:00 midnight and cannot be changed. 
     Accordingly, to set the delivery protocol for the basal delivery program, the user types the start time in the start-time cell  574 , hits the enter key and changes the focus to the delivery-rate cell  576  to the right. The user then types in the delivery rate for that interval, hits the cell key, and changes the focus to the start-time cell in the next row (creating the row if the next row does not already exist). A new row will appear in which the user can enter the operating parameters for another delivery interval. The user continues this process until the operating parameters for all of the desired intervals are entered into the table. 
     In an alternative embodiment, when a cell has focus, a spin box having up and down buttons is presented in that cell. The user can either type a value into the spin box or spin through values until a desired value is visible in the spin box. When the cell and hence the spin box loses focus, the visible value from the spin box is entered into the corresponding cell and the spin box becomes invisible. 
     The graph  568  provides a graphical illustration of the delivery rate for the basal delivery program over a 24-hour period. In one possible embodiment, the graph  568  is a bar chart illustrating the delivery rate in a resolution of 30 minutes. In the illustrated example, Basal  1  is set to deliver 2 units/hour from 12:00 midnight to 2:00 am, 2.5 units/hour from 2:00 am to 3:00 am, etc. 
     In one possible embodiment, the graph  568  is automatically updated as the user completes entering the start time and delivery rate for each delivery interval. Additionally, the total daily basal rate is displayed  578 , and is automatically calculated and updated as the user completes entering the start time and delivery rate for each delivery interval. Entry of data for an interval is complete when the user enters the start time and delivery rate for the interval and exits both the start-time cell  574  and the delivery-rate cell  576 . 
     The third panel  580  presents instructions to the user. In one possible embodiment, the user interface presents a help label  582  (e.g., the question mark in the illustrated example) in each of the group boxes  549 ,  564 , and  570 . When the user clicks on a help label  582 , instructions specific to the group box or other aspect of the user interface associated with the help label are presented in the third panel. Alternatively, the user can point to a particular aspect of the user interface and right click on the mouse to present field-specific instructions in the third panel. 
       FIG. 30B  illustrates the second primary window  544   b , which is for setting the operating parameters of the meal bolus delivery programs. The meal bolus primary window includes two panels. The first panel  584  has a pair buttons  586 , a first spin box  588 , a second spin box  590 , a third spin box  592 , a fourth spin box  594 , a first check box  596 , a second check box  598 , a third check box  600 , and a meal bolus table  602 . 
     The pair of buttons  586  and spin boxes  588 ,  590 ,  592 , and  594  are present in a first group box  604 , the check boxes  596 ,  598 , and  600  are presented in a second group box  606 , and the table  602  is present in a third group box  608 . The pair of buttons  586  is for setting the meal bolus delivery program to use either units of insulin or grams of carbohydrates. The pair of buttons  586  toggle between set and cleared states so that when one is set the other cleared. The user set the first button to program the meal bolus programs in units of insulin and sets the second button to program the meal bolus programs in grams of carbohydrates 
     The first spin box  588  is for setting the maximum bolus that the pump  100  can deliver when executing the meal bolus program. The second spin box  590  is for setting the users carbohydrate ratio. The third spin box  592  is for programming in units of insulin and is for setting the increments at which a user can spin through bolus amounts. The fourth spin box  594  is for programming in grams of carbohydrates and is for setting the increments at which a user can spin through grams of carbohydrates to be consumed in a meal. 
     When the user sets the first button for programming in units of insulin, the third spin box  592  is enabled, and the second  590  and fourth  594  spin boxes are disabled. When the user sets the second button for programming in grams of carbohydrates, the second  590  and fourth  594  spin boxes are enabled, and the third spin box  592  is disabled. 
     To enable the extended bolus program, the user sets the first check box  596 . To enable the combination bolus program, the user sets the second check box  598 . To enable the audio bolus function, the user sets the third check box  600 . 
     The custom meal bolus table  602  has a plurality of rows  610 , each row has a plurality of cells. The user navigates through the meal bolus table  602  using procedures substantially similar to that of the basal rate table. Also similar to the basal rate table, the custom meal bolus table  602  can have various spin boxes that become visible when a cell has focus. The spin boxes are for entering values and pre-typed text into the cell with which it is associated. 
     Within the meal bolus table  602 , each row has seven cells. The first cell  612  has a check box  613 . To enable the custom meal bolus defined by that row, the user sets the check box  613 . The second cell  614  has a text field in which the user types a name to identify the custom meal bolus defined by that row. An example includes pizza, when the operating parameters for the custom meal bolus are customized to deliver insulin for working against a meal of pizza. Other examples, might include breakfast, lunch, dinner, snack, or any other specific type of food, drink, or meal. 
     The third cell  616  contain a text field for entering the type of custom meal bolus, whether it is a standard bolus, an extend bolus, or a combination bolus. In one possible embodiment, a spin box is presented in the third cell  616  when focus is placed on the cell. The user can then spin through the types of bolus (e.g., standard, extended, or combination) and set the desired type. The fourth cell  618  is a numeric field for entering the number of units to be delivered by the bolus program defined by that row. The fifth cell  620  is a time field in which the user enters the duration of the bolus delivery if the bolus program defined by that row is an extended bolus or a combination bolus. The sixth cell  622  is a numeric field in which the user enters the percent of the bolus to be delivered immediately if the bolus program defined by that row is a combination bolus. 
     The seventh cell  624  is a numeric field in which the user enters the carbohydrate ratio the pump  100  is to use when calculating the bolus amount to deliver. The seventh cell  624  allows the user to enter a customized carbohydrate ratio independent of the value set in the second spin box  590 . For example, a user might use one carbohydrate for a custom meal bolus to be delivered before an early morning breakfast and a different carbohydrate ratio for a custom meal bolus to be delivered before an evening dinner or snack. 
     If the type of meal bolus set in the third cell (Type of Meal Bolus)  616  is standard, the fifth cell (Duration)  620  and sixth cell (% as Immediate)  622  are disabled and cleared. If the type of meal bolus set in the third cell  616  is an extended bolus, the fifth cell  620  is enabled and the sixth cell  622  is disabled and cleared. If the type of meal bolus set in the third cell  616  is set as a combination bolus, the fifth  620  and sixth  622  cells are enabled. 
     Additionally, because a meal bolus delivery program execute operating parameters that are in either units of insulin or grams of carbohydrate, any given row  610  in the meal bolus table  602  can accept a value in either the fourth cell  618  for units of insulin or the seventh cell  624  for the carbohydrate ratio. If the fourth cell  618  is populated with a value, the seventh cell  624  is disabled. If the seventh cell  624  is populated with a value, the fourth cell  618  is disabled. In one possible embodiment, when the user sets the first button for programming in units of insulin, the check box  613  is set in the first cell  612  for each row  610  in which there is a units of insulin value in the fourth cell  618 . The check box  613  in the first cell  612  is cleared for each row  610  in which there is a carbohydrate value in the seventh cell  624 . Similarly, when the user sets the second button for programming in grams of carbohydrates, the check box  613  is set in the first cell  612  for each row  610  in which there is a carbohydrate value in the seventh cell  624 . The check box  613  in the first cell  612  is cleared for each row  610  in which there is a units of insulin value in the fourth cell  618 . 
     The second panel  626  in the primary window  544   b  for the meal bolus delivery programs presents instructions. It operates in a manner substantially similar to the third, instruction panel  580  in the first primary window  544   a  for the basal rate delivery programs as described above. 
       FIG. 30C  illustrates the third primary window  544   c , which is for setting the operating parameters for the correction bolus delivery program. The primary window  544   c  contains two panels. The first panel  628  has buttons, check boxes, and spin boxes. A first group box  630  in the first panel  628  has first and second check boxes  632  and  634 . To control the pump  100  to make the correction bolus delivery program available through the main menu  190  and to display a correction bolus menu item in the main menu  190 , the first check box  632  is set. To make the correction bolus program available through the meal bolus delivery programs described above, the second check box  634  is set. 
     A pair of buttons  636  set the units for the operating parameters used by the correction bolus program. The pair of buttons  636  toggle between set and cleared states so that when one is set the other is cleared. The first button is set to use mg/dL and the second button is set to use mmol/l. A first spin box  638  is for setting the correction bolus factor. When the first spin box  638  is in focus, the user spins through value until the desired correction factor is set. The pair of buttons  636  and the first spin box  638  are organized into a second group box  640 . 
     A second spin box  642  is for setting the duration of activity or action for the insulin. As discussed above, the duration of activity is the length of time that each bolus remains working in the user&#39;s body. To enter the duration of activity, the user spins through values in the second spin box  642  until the desired value is set. The second spin box  642  is in a third group box  644 . 
     The second panel  646  in the primary window  544   c  for the correction bolus delivery program presents instructions. It operates in a manner substantially similar to the third, instruction panel  580  in the first primary window  544   a  for the basal rate delivery programs as described above. 
       FIG. 30D  illustrates the fourth primary window  544   d , which is for setting operating parameters for the temporary rate programs. The primary window  544   d  has two panels. The first panel  648  has a first check box  650 , a second check box  652 , a third check box  654 , a pair of buttons  656 , a spin box  658 , and a temporary rate table  660 . The first check box  650  and pair of buttons  656  are in a first group box  662 . The second  652  and third  654  check boxes and the spin box  658  are in a second group box  664 . The table  660  is in a third group box  666 . 
     The pair of buttons  656  sets the temporary rate either as a percentage of the running basal rate or as a new temporary basal rate. The pair of buttons  656  toggle between set and cleared states so that when one button is set the other button is cleared. The user sets the first button to set the temporary rate as a percent of the basal rate. The user sets the second button to set the temporary rate as a new, temporary basal rate. 
     To set a reminder so that the pump  100  intermittently generates a reminder (audible and/or vibratory) while the temporary rate program is running, the user sets the second check box  652 . When the second check box  652  is set, the spin box  658  is enabled. The spin box  658  is for setting the interval between reminders. The spin box  658  is disabled when the second check box  652  is cleared. To set the pump  100  to generate a final reminder upon completion of the temporary rate, the user sets the third check box  654 . 
     The temporary rate table  660  has a plurality of rows  668 , and each row  668  contains a plurality of cells. The user navigates through the temporary rate table  660  using procedures substantially similar to that of the basal rate table. Also similar to the basal rate table  602 , the temporary rate table  660  can have various spin boxes that become visible when a cell has focus. The spin boxes are for entering values and pre-typed text into the cell with which it is associated. 
     Within the temporary rate table  660 , each row has six cells. The first cell  670  has a check box  672 . To enable the temporary rate defined by that row, the user sets the check box  672 . The second cell  674  has a text field in which the user types a name to identify the temporary rate defined by that row. Examples might include exercise, 5-mile run, sick, evening, and the like. The third cell  676  is a text field to set the temporary rate to be programmed as a percent of current basal rate or as a new rate. In one possible embodiment a spin is present in the third cell  676  when focus is place on the cell. The user can then spin through the types of temporary rates (e.g., % of Basal or New Rate) and set the desired type. 
     The fourth cell  678  is for assigning the percentage of the running basal rate to set as the temporary rate. The fifth cell  680  is for setting a new rate for the temporary rate. When the user enters % of basal in the third cell  676 , the fourth cell  678  is enabled and the fifth cell  680  is disabled. When the user enters New Rate in the third cell  676 , the fourth cell  678  is disabled, and the fifth cell  680  is enabled. The sixth cell  682  is for setting the duration of the temporary rate. 
     Additionally, in one possible embodiment, when the user sets the first button to adjust the delivery rate as a percent of the basal rate, the check box  672  is set in the first cell  670  for each row  668  in which there is a percentage in the fourth cell  678 . The check box  672  in the first cell  670  is cleared for each row  668  in which there is a delivery rate value in the fifth cell  680 . Similarly, when the user sets the second button to use a new delivery rate, the check box  672  is set in the first cell  670  for each row  668  in which there is a delivery rate value in the fifth cell  680 . The check box  672  in the first cell  670  is cleared for each row  668  in which there is a percentage value in the fourth cell  678 . 
     The second panel  684  in the primary window  544   d  for the temporary rate delivery programs presents instructions. It operates in a manner substantially similar to the third, instruction panel  580  in the first primary window  544   a  for the basal rate delivery programs as described above. 
     In addition to operating parameters, one possible embodiment of the user interface  542  also enables a user to view, edit, and enter other data, character strings, and settings that are loaded on the insulin pump  100 . 
     For example,  FIG. 30E  illustrates the fifth primary window  544   e , which is for setting the banner displayed in the home page  152  of the pump  100 . Primary window  544   e  is in the stack of primary windows  544 . The fifth primary window  544   e  includes two panels. The first panel  690  has a field check box  692  and a text field  694  mated to the checkbox  692 . To enter text into the home page  152 , the use sets the checkbox  692  and enters text (numbers and letters as desired) into the text field  694 . If the pump  100  includes multiple home pages  152  through which the user can scroll, an embodiment of the primary window  544   e  includes a checkbox  692  and mating text field  694  for each of the home pages  152 . The user can then designate certain text for a particular home page  152  by setting the checkbox  692  associated with that home page  152  and entering text into the mating text field  694 . In an alternative embodiment, if the text in the text field  694  is too long to fit into one display, the pump  100  automatically generates multiple home pages  152  through which the user can scroll and divides the text from the text field  694  between the multiple home pages  152 . In another embodiment, similar text fields and associated checkboxes can be used to customize displays and messages for particular alarms, alerts, and reminders. 
     The second panel  696  in the primary window  544   e  presents instructions. It operates in a manner substantially similar to the third, instruction panel  580  in the first primary window  544   a  for the basal rate delivery programs as described above. 
     Yet other embodiments of the user interface  542  includes various windows, buttons, checkboxes, spin boxes, and fields for setting other parameters used to operate the pump  100 . Examples of such other parameters that can be set through the user interface  542  include various format settings, alarms, reminders, operating limits, report formats, security settings, character strings, and indeed any other operating parameters, data, settings, and character strings that can be programmed into the pump  100 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 30A-30E , to download the operating parameters displayed in an active primary window  544 , the user clicks on the download button  686 . The operating parameters relating to the active primary windows are then downloaded into the pump  100  over the communication link. The pump  100  returns the downloaded operating parameters to the computer  534 , which compares the returned operating parameters to the sent operating parameters. If the returned and sent operating parameters match, the computer  534  sends a handshake signal to the pump  100  and the microprocessor  102  maps each of the downloaded operating parameters to its designated memory addresses in RAM  116  and saves the downloaded operating parameters in RAM  116 . If the returned and sent operating parameters do not match, the computer  534  generates an error signal and sends the error signal to the pump  100 . The pump  100  then discards the downloaded operating parameters and preserves the preexisting operating parameters already stored in RAM  116 . 
     To upload operating parameters from the pump  100  into the active primary window  544 , the user clicks the upload button  688 . The profile settings in RAM  116  that correspond to the active primary window  544  are then retrieved from RAM  116  on the pump  100  and are sent to the computer  534 . The uploaded operating parameters are then populated into the fields of the active primary window  544 , including all secondary windows  554 . To save the profile settings, the user clicks the save button  690 . The profile settings that populate the active primary window  544  then are saved in the storage device  538 . In one possible embodiment, the name of the file that includes the saved data is the name of the pump user. 
     Furthermore, the user interface  542  can be used on the computer  534  to program and manage pumps  100  for several different pump users. In one such embodiment, the computer  534  is programmed with an initial interface that includes a text field in which the name of the pump user is entered either through the computer keyboard or through a spin box. Upon entering the name of the pump user, the computer  534  populates the data saved for that pump user&#39;s pump  100  into the user interface  542 . In an alternative embodiment, the computer  534  is loaded with a menu in which the name of each pump user having stored data is included as a menu item. Selecting the name/menu item causes the computer  534  to populate the user interface  542  with data. 
     The various embodiments described above are provided by way of illustration only and should not be construed to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize various modifications and changes that may be made to the present invention without following the example embodiments and applications illustrated and described herein, and without departing from the true spirit and scope of the present invention, which is set forth in the following claims.