PATENT ABSTRACT
Systems and methods for dynamic installation of modular software applications and operating system components are provided. A wireless communication device sends a request to a software module server identifying a requested software module. The software module server responds with an instruction set for installing the software module and the software module itself. Upon receipt, the handset executes the instruction set to install the software module, making any necessary adjustments or deletions to data in persistent storage in order to accommodate the new software module. Subsequently, the wireless communication device is reconfigured or rebooted to complete the installation and configuration.

PATENT DESCRIPTION
RELATED APPLICATIONS  
       [0001]    This application is a continuation in part application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/665,962, filed on Sep. 18, 2003, which is a continuation in part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/917,026, filed on Jul. 26, 2001, of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/916,900, filed on Jul. 26, 2001, and of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/916,460, filed on Jul. 26, 2001, which are hereby incorporated by reference.  
         [0002]    This application is also related to U.S. Application Serial No. unknown entitled “System and Method for Interchangeable Modular Hardware Components for Wireless Communication Devices” and to U.S. Application Serial No. unknown entitled “Dynamic Interface Software for Wireless Communication Devices ”, which are filed concurrently herewith. Additionally, this application is related to U.S. application Ser. No. 09/927,131, filed on Aug. 10, 2001; to U.S. application Ser. No. 09/969,305, filed on Oct. 2, 2001; to U.S. application Ser. No. 09/970,188, filed on Oct. 3, 2001; to U.S. application Ser. No. 09/972,519, filed on Oct. 5, 2001; to U.S. application Ser. No. 10/206,780, filed on Jul. 25, 2002; to U.S. application Ser. No. 10/206,781, filed on Jul. 25, 2002; and to U.S. application Ser. No. 10/206,516, filed on Jul. 25, 2002, which are hereby incorporated by reference. 
     
    
     
       FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
         [0003]    The present invention generally relates to the field of wireless communications and more particularly relates to interchangeable software applications and components of the operating system in a wireless communication device.  
         BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0004]    Conventional wireless communication devices typically become isolated computing platforms once they are deployed (i.e., sold to a consumer). Consumers typically must bring the wireless communication device (also referred to herein as “wireless device,” “handset,” and “mobile device”) to a service station for upgrades to the operating system or any integral software application such as a phonebook.  
           [0005]    Additionally, if the consumer wants to replace a hardware component of a wireless communication device, the wireless device must be brought into a service station. Generally, hardware replacements are prohibitively expensive if the wireless device is not broken and under warranty. Even so, when a wireless device under warranty has a hardware component replaced, the new component is merely a working version of the component being replaced. Thus, when a consumer purchases a wireless communication device, the consumer is locked into the physical configuration of the wireless device for the life of the wireless communication device.  
           [0006]    An additional drawback of conventional wireless communication devices is that new external devices, such as a digital cameras, are limited to the specific, proprietary device that is offered by the manufacturer of the handset. Thus, a consumer&#39;s choice of external devices that enhance a wireless communication device is severely limited. Therefore, what is needed is a system and method that overcomes these significant problems found in the conventional systems as described above.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0007]    Conventional wireless communication devices are isolated computing platforms. Once a wireless communication device has been deployed, updates to the software on the device require that the handset be brought into a service station where the software suit can be upgraded and the handset reconfigured. This is particularly true where updates to the operating system are involved or integral applications such as the address book. Additionally, the software suite on a deployed handset is static and inflexible and does not allow a user to customize the various applications to suit his or her needs.  
           [0008]    The present invention provides systems and methods for dynamic installation of modular software applications and operating system components. When a handset is instructed to install a new software module, the handset sends a request to a software module server identifying the new application or software module to be installed. The software module server responds with an instruction set for installing the software module and the software module itself. Upon receipt, the handset installs the software module, making any necessary deletions to applications or modules in persistent storage on the handset. Finally, the handset can be reconfigured or rebooted to complete the installation and configuration. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0009]    The details of the present invention, both as to its structure and operation, may be gleaned in part by study of the accompanying drawings described below, in which like reference numerals refer to like parts.  
         [0010]    [0010]FIG. 1 is a high level block diagram illustrating an example wireless communication network.  
         [0011]    [0011]FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example representation of data in persistent storage on a wireless communication device.  
         [0012]    [0012]FIG. 3A is a block diagram illustrating components of a data storage area in an example embodiment.  
         [0013]    [0013]FIG. 3B is a block diagram illustrating an example operation code library and corresponding runtime instruction set.  
         [0014]    [0014]FIG. 3C is a block diagram illustrating an example set of runtime instructions.  
         [0015]    [0015]FIG. 4 is a flow diagram illustrating an example process for a user initiated software module download.  
         [0016]    [0016]FIG. 5 is a flow diagram illustrating an example process for activating a resident software module on a wireless communication device.  
         [0017]    [0017]FIG. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating an example process for a network initiated software module download.  
         [0018]    [0018]FIG. 7 is flow diagram illustrating an example process for installing a software module on a wireless communication device.  
         [0019]    [0019]FIG. 8 is flow diagram illustrating an example process for expiring a software module on a wireless communication device.  
         [0020]    [0020]FIG. 9 is flow diagram illustrating an example process for paying for using a software module on a wireless communication device.  
         [0021]    [0021]FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary wireless communication device that may be used in connection with the various embodiments described herein.  
         [0022]    [0022]FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary computer system as may be used in connection with various embodiments described herein. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION  
       [0023]    Disclosed herein are systems and methods for dynamically updating software modules and software applications on a wireless communication device via an over-the-air link. For example, one method as disclosed herein allows for a wireless communication device to request a new software module from a software server and receive that new module in an wireless communication data package. Upon receipt of the data package, the wireless device installs the requested software module and if necessary, deletes other modules to make space for the new module in persistent storage. If necessary, the wireless device also reconfigures the wireless device for use of the new software module and may also initiate a reboot of the device.  
         [0024]    After reading this description it will become apparent to one skilled in the art how to implement the invention in various alternative embodiments and alternative applications. However, although various embodiments of the present invention will be described herein, it is understood that these embodiments are presented by way of example only, and are not limitations. As such, this detailed description of various alternative embodiments should not be construed to limit the scope or breadth of the present invention as set forth in the appended claims.  
         [0025]    [0025]FIG. 1 is a high level block diagram illustrating an example wireless communication network  10 . In the illustrated embodiment, the wireless communication network  10  comprises a plurality of wireless communication devices  20  and  30  communicatively coupled with a network  50  via a plurality of base stations  40  and  42 . Additional wireless communication devices and base stations can also be employed as part of the wireless communication network  10 . The wireless communication network  10  also comprises a software module server  60 , which is coupled with a data storage area  70 . The wireless communication devices  20  and  30  are communicatively coupled with the software module server  60  via the base stations  40  and  42  and the network  50 .  
         [0026]    Wireless communication device  20  can be any sort of device with the ability to communicate within the wireless communication network  10  and execute software modules. Preferably, wireless communication device  20  also has a persistent storage area. For example, wireless communication device  20  may be a cell phone, a personal digital assistant (“PDA”), a laptop computer, wristwatch, or any other device configured for wireless communication. Wireless communication devices may also be referred to herein as “handsets” or “mobile phones” or “mobile devices.” 
         [0027]    Base station  40  is configured to communicate over-the-air with a plurality of wireless communication devices and includes a transceiver (not shown) that converts the over-the-air communications to wired communications that travel over network  50 . Preferably, network  50  is a private network operated by a wireless carrier which provides the infrastructure for handoffs between base stations such as base station  40  and  42 . Additionally, network  50  preferably provides the communication link between various applications, services, and other computer based servers such as software module server  60 .  
         [0028]    Network  50  may also serve as the conduit for connections to other networks (not pictured) such as an Integrated Services Digital Network (“ISDN”), Public Switched Telephone Network (“PSTN”), Public Land Mobile Network (“PLMN”), Packet Switched Public Data Network (“PSPDN”), and the Internet, just to name a few.  
         [0029]    Software module server  60  can be implemented as a single computer or as a plurality of servers logically arranged to provide dynamic instruction sets and software modules to mobile devices and to execute dynamic instruction sets received from mobile devices. In the illustrated embodiment, software module server  60  is coupled with a data storage area  70  that preferably houses a plurality of executable interfaces and a set of server operation codes, handset operation codes and executable instructions corresponding to the server operation codes. The features of a general purpose computer that may implement the software module server  60  are later described with respect to FIG. 11. One function of the software module server  60  is to receive requests from a handset  20 ,  30  and respond to those requests by providing the handset with an executable software module that the handset can offer for use by a user.  
         [0030]    [0030]FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example representation of data in persistent storage  240  on a wireless communication device  20 . The general features of wireless communication device  20 ,  30  that allow it to function as such are later described with respect to FIG. 10. In the illustrated embodiment, the operating system  100  is resident in persistent storage  240 . The operating system  100  preferably comprises the fundamental executable program or programs that allow the device to function. In addition to the operating system  100 , application data  110  and user interface  120  are in persistent storage  240 . The application data  110  preferably comprises the user information and application information that an application needs to function or that an application uses to provide its service.  
         [0031]    The user interface  120  may comprise both the executable user interface application and the user interface data that is used by the application. In an alternative embodiment, the user interface application portion may be included as part of the operating system and the user interface  120  may comprise ancillary user data or custom data or other data usable by the user interface application or the user. The persistent storage area  240  additionally comprises one or more device drivers such as device driver  130 , device driver  132 , all the way up to device driver n. These device drivers are preferably executable applications that facilitate communication between the handset and another device, or possibly between the core handset and an integral device such as the display, keypad, speaker, microphone, or earphones, just to name a few.  
         [0032]    Additionally shown as part of the persistent storage  240  are a series of software applications or modules such as applications  140 ,  142 ,  144 ,  146 , and on up to application n. As illustrated, a large number of applications may be resident as part of the persistent storage  240 . The only limit on the number of applications that can be stored in persistent storage  240  is the physical limit of the storage  240 .  
         [0033]    [0033]FIG. 3 a  is a block diagram illustrating elements of data  240  of an example wireless communication device  20 . In the illustrated embodiment, the data  240  has a number of applications  242  comprising a modular software interface  200 , a software license manager  205 , and a runtime engine  230 . Other data elements  244 , which may be included in the application data  110  as illustrated in FIG. 2, comprise a server operation code (“opcode”) library  210 , handset opcode library  220 , and runtime instructions  260 .  
         [0034]    The modular software interface  200  is preferably configured to receive user requests to install new software modules and applications. Additionally, the modular software interface  200  is preferably configured to receive network initiated software module downloads and software application downloads. The modular software interface  200  may comprise a user interface module that is adaptable to accept commands from a user for user initiated downloads. Additionally, the modular software interface  200  may comprise a communication module adaptable to receive communications from a network server for network initiated downloads.  
         [0035]    In one embodiment, the modular software interface  200  receives a command from a user to download a particular software module. The modular software interface  200  is preferably configured to communicate with the runtime engine  230  to create a request for the software module to be downloaded from a network server. In an alternative embodiment, the modular software interface  200  receives a command that originated from a network server. The modular software interface  200  is preferably configured to parse and interpret the command to determine what software module the network server is requesting that the handset download and install. Upon validation of the request from the network, the modular software interface  200  then proceeds to communicate with the runtime engine  230  to effect the download.  
         [0036]    Additionally, the modular software interface  200  can be configured to determine the available space in persistent storage  240  where the software module is to be installed. For example, upon receiving a request to install a new software module, the modular software interface  200  determines the amount of disk space (or other persistent storage space) available on the handset. In one embodiment, to determine the available storage space, the modular software interface  200  may query the operating system  100  of the handset, as discussed above with reference to FIG. 2. If enough space is available, then the modular software interface  200  can proceed to communicate with the runtime engine  230  as described above.  
         [0037]    If there is not enough persistent storage space to install the requested software module, the modular software interface  200  queries the user or the network  50  (depending on where the request originated) to identify a software module or other data in persistent storage that can be deleted. Alternatively, the modular software interface  200  may determine what data can be deleted, for example, by querying the operating system or identifying older versions of the requested software module.  
         [0038]    Additionally, the modular software interface  200  is preferably configured to instruct the operating system  100  to delete the identified software module or other data in persistent storage  240  in order to provide enough availability for the new software module. If no persistent storage space is available, and none can be obtained by deleting data or software modules already occupying space in persistent storage, then the modular software interface  200  can notify the user or network that space is not available to install the requested software module.  
         [0039]    Continuing with FIG. 3A, the handset opcode library  220  preferably includes the universe of operation codes that represent each function or executable code segment that the handset can be instructed to execute by the software module server  60 , illustrated in FIG. 1. Advantageously, handset opcode library  220  includes the operation codes that serve as place holders for the actual executable machine code functions or code segments. As such, the handset opcode library  220  preferably contains a list of all available operation codes that correspond to each and every function that can be executed by the handset  20 ,  30 .  
         [0040]    Similarly, the server opcode library  210  preferably includes the universe of operation codes that represent each server side function or executable code segment. Advantageously, server opcode library  210  may only include the operation codes for the actual executable machine code functions or code segments, which do not reside on the wireless communication device  20 . As such, the server opcode library  220  contains a list of all the operation codes for each available server function that can be executed by the software module server  60  on behalf of the handset  20 ,  30 . In the preferred embodiment, the number of available server functions can well exceed the number of available handset functions because the software module server  60  does not suffer from the minimal resources typically found on mobile devices such as, for example, cell phones and PDAs.  
         [0041]    Runtime engine  230  is preferably configured to process dynamic instructions sets. One example of a dynamic instruction set is a set of instructions to install a software module. The processing of dynamic instruction sets includes translation of opcodes into executable instruction sets and execution of those instruction sets. For example, a set of handset opcodes may be received from the software module server  60  along with a data payload. The opcodes are then translated into executable instructions for the handset. The processing of dynamic instruction sets also includes compilation of opcodes and corresponding data payloads for delivery to the software module server  60 . Preferably, runtime engine  230  can be launched by wireless communication device  20 ,  30  on an as needed basis so that it runs only when necessary and consumes a minimal amount of system resources (e.g. memory, CPU cycles, etc.) on the handset  20 ,  30 .  
         [0042]    [0042]FIG. 3B is a block diagram illustrating an example operation code library and corresponding runtime instruction set  260 . The handset opcode library  220  and runtime instruction set  260  are preferably housed in the data storage area  240  of the handset  20 ,  30 . In one embodiment, the executable instructions in the runtime instruction set  260  correspond in a one-to-one relationship with the opcodes contained in the handset opcode library  220 . Alternatively, a single opcode in the handset opcode library  220  may correspond to a sequence of many executable instructions in the runtime instructions  260 .  
         [0043]    [0043]FIG. 3C is a block diagram illustrating an example set of runtime instructions  260 . In the illustrated embodiment, any number of executable instructions can be included in runtime instructions  260 , from instruction  1  through instruction n. Optimally, a large number of functions are available in runtime instructions  260  and yet consume very little resources (e.g. persistent memory) of the handset  20 ,  30 .  
         [0044]    [0044]FIG. 4 is a flow diagram illustrating an example process for a user initiated software module download. Initially, in step  300  the handset receives the application request from the user. The request may be received, for example, by the modular software interface  200 . Next, in step  302  the runtime engine is launched. Once the runtime engine is running, the engine can compile a set of server opcodes according to the action that needs to be taken, as shown in step  304 . In this case, the set of server opcodes to be compiled is preferably for downloading the requested software application or module. The set of server opcodes may be obtained from a background process running on the wireless device. Alternatively, the server opcode set may be obtained from a process running on the wireless device under the direction of a user. The compiled set of server opcodes preferably causes the server to reply with the requested software module, as previously described.  
         [0045]    For example, the wireless device receives an instruction from a user to download an extension module to the phone book application so that a total of  500  contacts can be maintained rather than the previous  100  contacts. The user provides the name or identification of the new software module to be downloaded. A server opcode set is then compiled that instructs the modular software server to provide the handset with the appropriate software module so that the handset may increase the total number of contacts. In such a case, the result is a server opcode set generated by the runtime engine, as shown in step  304 .  
         [0046]    Once the server opcode set has been generated, the runtime engine includes the name or identification information in the data payload that will be delivered with the server opcode set. For example, the runtime engine may fetch the application or software module data from persistent or volatile memory, or execute an instruction that returns the data needed, for example through the modular software interface  200 . Once the data has been obtained, the run time engine  230  next inserts the data into the server opcode set, as illustrated in step  306 . One simple way to achieve this is to append the data payload to the server opcode set in a single data packet.  
         [0047]    Once the data payload has been combined with the server opcode set, then the runtime engine sends the server opcode set with the corresponding data payload to the server, as shown in step  308 . After the server opcode set and data payload has been sent, the runtime engine may be terminated to free up resources on the wireless device, as illustrated in step  310 .  
         [0048]    [0048]FIG. 5 is a flow diagram illustrating an example process for activating a resident software module on a wireless communication device. The process shown in FIG. 5 may be carried out through the use of opcode sets or through the use of some other wireless data communication means. Initially, in step  320 , the handset requests a license from a network license server. The software license manager  205 , illustrated in FIG. 3A, preferably initiates this step. The network license server can be the same server as the software module server  60  or it may be a different and separate server. Once the request has been sent, the handset  20 ,  30  next receives payment requirements from the network license server as shown in step  322 . In response, the handset provides payment details to the network license server, as illustrated in step  324 .  
         [0049]    In one embodiment, the handset may be configured to provide payment details automatically. Alternatively, the handset may be configured to request this information from the user to ensure that the user is willing to pay for the requested license. After sending the payment details, in step  326  the handset receives an acknowledgement of the license server&#39;s receipt of the payment details. In one embodiment, this acknowledgement may also serve as a confirmation that the payment has been processed.  
         [0050]    Once the acknowledgement has been received, in step  328  the handset next receives a license or activation key from the license server. Preferably, the activation key is configured to allow use of the application on the handset. Once the key has been received, then the application can be activated as illustrated in step  330 .  
         [0051]    [0051]FIG. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating an example process for a network initiated software module download. Initially, in step  336 , the wireless device receives a set of handset opcodes. The set of handset opcodes can be received via an over-the-air communication link, for example a link with a wireless communication network. Preferably, the opcodes are optimized to minimize the amount of data sent over-the-air. Additionally, a data payload can be included with the set of opcodes received by the handset. In the illustrated embodiment, the handset opcode set is received from a network software module server  60 .  
         [0052]    In step  338 , the wireless device launches its runtime engine to process the handset opcode set. Alternatively, the handset may first authenticate the network server sending the handset opcode set. As illustrated in step  340 , the runtime engine parses the handset opcode set and then extracts the data payload in step  342 . If no data payload exists, then this step can be skipped, however, the network software module server  60  may include the executable software application in the initial transmission. Alternatively, the handset opcode set may instruct the handset to request the software module from the server. If a data payload does exist, then the resulting data can be stored in an available portion of volatile memory for later use.  
         [0053]    Next, in step  344 , the runtime engine obtains the executable instructions that correspond to the opcodes in the handset opcode set. These instructions can be obtained from the remote runtime instructions set stored in persistent storage on the data storage area of the handset.  
         [0054]    Once the executable instructions corresponding to the opcodes in the handset opcode set have been obtained, the runtime engine executes the instructions, as illustrated in step  346 . When the instructions are being executed, any necessary data to be operated on (or installed) can be obtained from volatile memory where the data payload is stored. Alternatively, or additionally, any necessary data to be operated on may be obtained as the result of an executed instruction.  
         [0055]    For example, the data payload may comprise the software application that the network has requested the handset to install. Additionally, one or more of the opcodes in the handset opcode set preferably correspond to one or more executable instructions for storing the data payload in persistent memory on the handset. In this example, once the data payload comprising the software module is stored in persistent memory, the handset may thereafter allow the application to be used by a user, or alternatively by a remote network command. Alternatively, the data payload may replace a portion of persistent memory that contains an outdated software application or module or one selected for deletion in order to make room for the new software module. Thus, the handset opcode set and data payload operate on the wireless device to install new software modules for the handset. Additional opcodes and instructions may also be employed to configure the new module or application once it has been installed, if necessary.  
         [0056]    Once the instruction set has been executed in its entirety by the runtime engine, the runtime engine can be terminated, and then the application may be executed, as shown in step  348 . A particularly illustrative example will explain how the network initiated download may be employed. If a handset is in a vehicle that has been lost or stolen, the handset may be contacted by the network and instructed to download a GPS module (assuming the handset has GPS capable hardware). Once the GPS module is downloaded and installed, the GPS module may begin reporting location information to the network, which in turn may be provide to the owner of the vehicle or the authorities to facilitate tracking of the vehicle. Advantageously, this may all be accomplished without the knowledge of the people in proximity to the handset.  
         [0057]    [0057]FIG. 7 is flow diagram illustrating an example process for installing a software module on a wireless communication device. Initially, in step  350 , the wireless device receives a set of handset opcodes. The set of handset opcodes can be received via an over-the-air communication link, for example a link with a wireless communication network. Preferably, the opcodes are optimized to minimize the amount of data sent over-the-air. Additionally, a data payload can be included with the set of opcodes received by the handset. In the illustrated embodiment, the handset opcode set is received from a network software module server.  
         [0058]    In step  352 , the wireless device launches its runtime engine to process the handset opcode set. Alternatively, the handset may first authenticate the network server sending the handset opcode set. As illustrated in step  354 , the runtime engine parses the handset opcode set and then extracts the data payload in step  356 . If no data payload exists, then this step can be skipped, however, the network software module server may include the executable software application in the initial transmission. Alternatively, the handset opcode set may instruct the handset to request the software module from the server. If a data payload does exist, then the resulting data can be stored in an available portion of volatile memory for later use.  
         [0059]    Next, in step  358 , the runtime engine obtains the executable instructions that correspond to the opcodes in the handset opcode set. These instructions can be obtained from the remote runtime instructions set stored in persistent storage on the data storage area of the handset. Once the executable instructions corresponding to the opcodes in the handset opcode set have been obtained, the runtime engine executes the instructions, as illustrated in step  360 . When the instructions are being executed, any necessary data to be operated on (or installed) can be obtained from volatile memory where the data payload is stored. Alternatively, or additionally, any necessary data to be operated on may be obtained as the result of an executed instruction. Once the instruction set has been executed in its entirety by the runtime engine, in step  362  the runtime engine can be terminated, and then the application is available for use, as shown in step  364 .  
         [0060]    [0060]FIG. 8 is flow diagram illustrating an example process for expiring a software module on a wireless communication device. Initially, in step  370 , the handset receives an expiration notice. The expiration notice can be received via a wireless communication network and originate from a licensing server communicatively coupled with the handset via the network. In one embodiment, the expiration notice may be linked to a trial period for the software module or may be linked to an annual license fee for the module.  
         [0061]    Once the expiration notice is received by the handset, the handset determines in step  372  whether it has been instructed to automatically renew the license or make an initial payment for the module. If the handset determines that it is not authorized or has not been instructed to automatically renew or pay, then in step  374  the handset notifies the user of the expiration notice for the software module.  
         [0062]    The notification can be made by presenting a message on the display of the handset or by generating a text message that is stored in memory on the handset for later review. The notification may also be visual such as a message on the display or a blinking light or it may also be audio such as a prerecorded message or tone. Alternatively, the blinking light or audio tone (or vibration of the handset) may indicate that a message is available for the user and the message may provide the detail of the expiration notice. Additionally, the handset may also send a message to the network (or the network may initiate the process) such that a pre-recorded voice message is left in the user&#39;s voice mail box that informs the user of the expiration notice. A variety of other notification methods may also be employed, as will be understood by those having skill in the art.  
         [0063]    Once the user has been informed of the expiration notice, the handset receives an instruction from the user in step  376 . This instruction is examined by the handset in step  378  to determine if the license should be renewed (or if the initial payment should be made). If the instruction from the user is to not renew (or pay), then in step  380  the handset deactivates the software module. In one embodiment, the handset may wait until the end of the license period or evaluation period before deactivation. Additionally, if no instruction is received from the user as determined by step  378 , the lack of an instruction can be interpreted as a negative response and the software module deactivated in step  380 .  
         [0064]    If the handset, in step  378  determines that the instruction from the user is to renew or pay, then the handset sends a renewal instruction (or initial payment instruction) to the network or license server, as illustrated in step  382 . Additionally, if, in step  372  the handset determines that it is authorized to automatically renew or pay, then the handset also sends the appropriate instruction in step  382 . On the receiving end of the renewal instruction (e.g., the license server), the payment may be effected by a credit card charge or the addition of a line item on the customer&#39;s bill for the handset service.  
         [0065]    In response to the instruction to pay or renew, the handset may receive a license or a key that can be employed to instruct the software to continue operation or to allow additional functionality, as shown in step  384 . In step  386 , the application is activated with the license or key so that the user may thereafter use the software module or application for the new license period.  
         [0066]    [0066]FIG. 9 is flow diagram illustrating an example process for paying for using a software module on a wireless communication device. Initially, in step  390 , an application may collect usage data for the application itself or for other applications on the handset. This data can preferably be stored in persistent memory on the handset. Next, in step  392  the runtime engine is launched. Once the runtime engine is running, the engine can compile a set of server opcodes, as shown in step  394 . The compiled set of server opcodes preferably causes the server to process the usage data contained in the corresponding data payload, which is inserted into the opcode set (or appended to the opcode set) in step  396 .  
         [0067]    Once the data payload has been combined with the server opcode set, then the runtime engine sends the server opcode set with the corresponding data payload to the server, as shown in step  398 . After the server opcode set and data payload has been sent, the handset preferably receives billing details from the server, as shown in step  399 . Preferably, the billing details relate to the usage data provided with the server opcode set. Finally, the runtime engine may be terminated to free up resources on the wireless device.  
         [0068]    [0068]FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary wireless communication device  450  that may be used in connection with the various embodiments described herein. For example, the wireless communication device  450  may be used in conjunction with a handset or PDA network device or as a part of a sensor node in a wireless mesh network. However, other wireless communication devices and/or architectures may also be used, as will be clear to those skilled in the art.  
         [0069]    In the illustrated embodiment, wireless communication device  450  comprises an antenna  452 , a multiplexor  454 , a low noise amplifier (“LNA”)  456 , a power amplifier (“PA”)  458 , a modulation circuit  460 , a baseband processor  462 , a speaker  464 , a microphone  466 , a central processing unit (“CPU”)  468 , a data storage area  470 , and a hardware interface  472 . In the wireless communication device  450 , radio frequency (“RF”) signals are transmitted and received by antenna  452 . Multiplexor  454  acts as a switch, coupling antenna  452  between the transmit and receive signal paths. In the receive path, received RF signals are coupled from a multiplexor  454  to LNA  456 . LNA  456  amplifies the received RF signal and couples the amplified signal to a demodulation portion of the modulation circuit  460 .  
         [0070]    Typically modulation circuit  460  will combine a demodulator and modulator in one integrated circuit (“IC”). The demodulator and modulator can also be separate components. The demodulator strips away the RF carrier signal leaving a base-band receive signal, which is sent from the demodulator output to the base-band processor  462 .  
         [0071]    If the base-band receive audio signal contains audio information, then base-band processor  462  decodes the signal and converts it to an analog signal. Then the signal is amplified and sent to the speaker  464 . The base-band processor  462  also receives analog audio signals from the microphone  466 . These analog audio signals are converted to digital signals and encoded by the base-band processor  462 . The base-band processor  462  also codes the digital signals for transmission and generates a base-band transmit audio signal that is routed to the modulator portion of modulation circuit  460 . The modulator mixes the base-band transmit audio signal with an RF carrier signal generating an RF transmit signal that is routed to the power amplifier  458 . The power amplifier  458  amplifies the RF transmit signal and routes it to the multiplexor  454  where the signal is switched to the antenna port for transmission by antenna  452 .  
         [0072]    The baseband processor  462  is also communicatively coupled with the central processing unit  468 . The central processing unit  468  has access to a data storage area  470 . The central processing unit  468  is preferably configured to execute instructions (i.e., computer programs or software) that can be stored in the data storage area  470 . Computer programs can also be received from the baseband processor  462  and stored in the data storage area  470  or executed upon receipt. Such computer programs, when executed, enable the wireless communication device  450  to perform the various functions of the present invention as previously described.  
         [0073]    In this description, the term “computer readable medium” is used to refer to any media used to provide executable instructions (e.g., software and computer programs) to the wireless communication device  450  for execution by the central processing unit  468 . Examples of these media include the data storage area  470 , microphone  466  (via the baseband processor  462 ), antenna  452  (also via the baseband processor  462 ), and hardware interface  472 . These computer readable mediums are means for providing executable code, programming instructions, and software to the wireless communication device  450 . The executable code, programming instructions, and software, when executed by the central processing unit  468 , preferably cause the central processing unit  468  to perform the inventive features and functions previously described herein.  
         [0074]    The central processing unit is also preferably configured to receive notifications from the hardware interface  472  when new devices are detected by the hardware interface. Hardware interface  472  can be a combination electromechanical detector with controlling software that communicates with the CPU  468  and interacts with new devices.  
         [0075]    [0075]FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary computer system  550  that may be used in connection with the various embodiments described herein. For example, the computer system  550  may be used in conjunction with a remote server configured to process server opcode sets and create and send handset opcode sets. However, other computer systems and/or architectures may be used, as will be clear to those skilled in the art.  
         [0076]    The computer system  550  preferably includes one or more processors, such as processor  552 . Additional processors may be provided, such as an auxiliary processor to manage input/output, an auxiliary processor to perform floating point mathematical operations, a special-purpose microprocessor having an architecture suitable for fast execution of signal processing algorithms (e.g., digital signal processor), a slave processor subordinate to the main processing system (e.g., back-end processor), an additional microprocessor or controller for dual or multiple processor systems, or a coprocessor. Such auxiliary processors may be discrete processors or may be integrated with the processor  552 .  
         [0077]    The processor  552  is preferably connected to a communication bus  554 . The communication bus  554  may include a data channel for facilitating information transfer between storage and other peripheral components of the computer system  550 . The communication bus  554  further may provide a set of signals used for communication with the processor  552 , including a data bus, address bus, and control bus (not shown). The communication bus  554  may comprise any standard or non-standard bus architecture such as, for example, bus architectures compliant with industry standard architecture (“ISA”), extended industry standard architecture (“EISA”), Micro Channel Architecture (“MCA”), peripheral component interconnect (“PCI”) local bus, or standards promulgated by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (“IEEE”) including IEEE 488 general-purpose interface bus (“GPIB”), IEEE 696/S-100, and the like.  
         [0078]    Computer system  550  preferably includes a main memory  556  and may also include a secondary memory  558 . The main memory  556  provides storage of instructions and data for programs executing on the processor  552 . The main memory  556  is typically semiconductor-based memory such as dynamic random access memory (“DRAM”) and/or static random access memory (“SRAM”). Other semiconductor-based memory types include, for example, synchronous dynamic random access memory (“SDRAM”), Rambus dynamic random access memory (“RDRAM”), ferroelectric random access memory (“FRAM”), and the like, including read only memory (“ROM”).  
         [0079]    The secondary memory  558  may optionally include a hard disk drive  560  and/or a removable storage drive  562 , for example a floppy disk drive, a magnetic tape drive, a compact disc (“CD”) drive, a digital versatile disc (“DVD”) drive, etc. The removable storage drive  562  reads from and/or writes to a removable storage medium  564  in a well-known manner. Removable storage medium  564  may be, for example, a floppy disk, magnetic tape, CD, DVD, etc.  
         [0080]    The removable storage medium  564  is preferably a computer readable medium having stored thereon computer executable code (i.e., software) and/or data. The computer software or data stored on the removable storage medium  564  is read into the computer system  550  as electrical communication signals  578 .  
         [0081]    In alternative embodiments, secondary memory  558  may include other similar means for allowing computer programs or other data or instructions to be loaded into the computer system  550 . Such means may include, for example, an external storage medium  572  and an interface  570 . Examples of external storage medium  572  may include an external hard disk drive or an external optical drive, or and external magneto-optical drive.  
         [0082]    Other examples of secondary memory  558  may include semiconductor-based memory such as programmable read-only memory (“PROM”), erasable programmable read-only memory (“EPROM”), electrically erasable read-only memory (“EEPROM”), or flash memory (block oriented memory similar to EEPROM). Also included are any other removable storage units  572  and interfaces  570 , which allow software and data to be transferred from the removable storage unit  572  to the computer system  550 .  
         [0083]    Computer system  550  may also include a communication interface  574 . The communication interface  574  allows software and data to be transferred between computer system  550  and external devices (e.g. printers), networks, or information sources. For example, computer software or executable code may be transferred to computer system  550  from a network server via communication interface  574 . Examples of communication interface  574  include a modem, a network interface card (“NIC”), a communications port, a PCMCIA slot and card, an infrared interface, and an IEEE 1394 fire-wire, just to name a few.  
         [0084]    Communication interface  574  preferably implements industry promulgated protocol standards, such as Ethernet IEEE 802 standards, Fiber Channel, digital subscriber line (“DSL”), asynchronous digital subscriber line (“ADSL”), frame relay, asynchronous transfer mode (“ATM”), integrated digital services network (“ISDN”), personal communications services (“PCS”), transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (“TCP/IP”), serial line Internet protocol/point to point protocol (“SLIP/PPP”), and so on, but may also implement customized or non-standard interface protocols as well.  
         [0085]    Software and data transferred via communication interface  574  are generally in the form of electrical communication signals  578 . These signals  578  are preferably provided to communication interface  574  via a communication channel  576 . Communication channel  576  carries signals  578  and can be implemented using a variety of communication means including wire or cable, fiber optics, conventional phone line, cellular phone link, radio frequency (RF) link, or infrared link, just to name a few.  
         [0086]    Computer executable code (i.e., computer programs or software) is stored in the main memory  556  and/or the secondary memory  558 . Computer programs can also be received via communication interface  574  and stored in the main memory  556  and/or the secondary memory  558 . Such computer programs, when executed, enable the computer system  550  to perform the various functions of the present invention as previously described.  
         [0087]    In this description, the term “computer readable medium” is used to refer to any media used to provide computer executable code (e.g., software and computer programs) to the computer system  550 . Examples of these media include main memory  556 , secondary memory  558  (including hard disk drive  560 , removable storage medium  564 , and external storage medium  572 ), and any peripheral device communicatively coupled with communication interface  574  (including a network information server or other network device). These computer readable mediums are means for providing executable code, programming instructions, and software to the computer system  550 .  
         [0088]    In an embodiment that is implemented using software, the software may be stored on a computer readable. medium and loaded into computer system  550  by way of removable storage drive  562 , interface  570 , or communication interface  574 . In such an embodiment, the software is loaded into the computer system  550  in the form of electrical communication signals  578 . The software, when executed by the processor  552 , preferably causes the processor  552  to perform the inventive features and functions previously described herein.  
         [0089]    Various embodiments may also be implemented primarily in hardware using, for example, components such as application specific integrated circuits (“ASICs”), or field programmable gate arrays (“FPGAs”). Implementation of a hardware state machine capable of performing the functions described herein will also be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. Various embodiments may also be implemented using a combination of both hardware and software.  
         [0090]    While the particular modular software components for wireless communication devices herein shown and described in detail is fully capable of attaining the above described objects of this invention, it is to be understood that the description and drawings presented herein represent a presently preferred embodiment of the invention and are therefore representative of the subject matter which is broadly contemplated by the present invention. It is further understood that the scope of the present invention fully encompasses other embodiments that may become obvious to those skilled in the art and that the scope of the present invention is accordingly limited by nothing other than the appended claims.