PATENT ABSTRACT
The present disclosure is directed to a solution providing active thermal management that has multiple innovations and advantages. In some aspects, the design of the active thermal management (ATM) device is not a threshold clamp and instead, is a non-linear equation that proportionally changes relative to the dimming input. In some aspects, the innovation of the ATM design is how ATM works while the light is being dimmed. The design anticipates overheating by reducing power before the product gets to the maximum temperature threshold. The design also may include an equation that predicts the LED die temperature as a function of product case temperature. The ATM may operate responsive to one or more of a plurality of profile or power curves

PATENT DESCRIPTION
RELATED APPLICATION 
       [0001]    This application claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/482,972, entitled “Systems and Methods For Advanced Lighting System Management” and filed on May 5, 2011, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    The present application is generally related to lighting systems. In particular, the present application is directed to systems and methods for controlling and modulating intensity of the light emitted by a light emitting device. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0003]    Lighting systems may include light emitting devices organized in various configurations depending on the illumination applications. The lighting system may include a heat sink to help manage heat from the light emitting device. The heat sinks for many lighting systems are designed for the worst case scenario or maximum temperatures, even if they occur rarely or infrequently. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0004]    The present disclosure is directed to an active thermal management solution that has multiple innovations and advantages. In some aspects, the design of the active thermal management (ATM) device is not a threshold clamp and instead, is a non-linear equation that proportionally changes relative to the dimming input. In some aspects, the innovation of the ATM design is how ATM works while the light is being dimmed. The design anticipates overheating by reducing power before the product gets to the maximum temperature threshold. The design also may include an equation that predicts the LED die temperature as a function of product case temperature. The ATM may operate responsive to one or more of a plurality of profile or power curves. As the power curve goes down, the design gets less aggressive in its power reduction with heat. For example, when one dims the light to a reduced intensity, the design knows that both the power in the LED is less, and thus, the temperature rise due to thermal resistance is less (based on degree C./W), and also knows that the product heat sinking is more influential. 
         [0005]    Products that use such an innovative ATM design may require less heat sinking than competitors without this ATM solution. With the present solution, the lighting system can provide 100% intensity for what may be considered ‘typical’ ambient temperature and then back off the power for higher than typical temperatures. In this aspect, active thermal isn&#39;t just about protecting the product—it&#39;s about maximizing the intensity of the product. Without this ATM design, one would need to design for their worst case ambient temperature. So if a manufacturer knows the light could reach 50 C ambient, worst case, then the manufacturer would have to design for this scenario, even if that only happens 10× a year. With the ATM of the present solution, a manufacture can design the heat sink for 30 C and then dim the lights when it may be needed. The dimming can be very discrete, so the user doesn&#39;t notice and the dimming per any dimming curves still works as such curves should. 
         [0006]    In some aspects, the present invention is directed to a method for managing intensity to a light source responsive to a temperature of a light fixture comprising the light source. The method includes receiving, by a device such as embodiments of an active thermal management device described herein, an incoming signal for a lighting fixture comprising a light source. The incoming signal identifies a first intensity for the light source. The method also includes measuring, by the active thermal management device, a temperature of the lighting fixture and determining, by the active thermal management device, a second intensity from a function of both the first intensity and the temperature of the lighting fixture. The method further includes outputting, by the active thermal management device responsive to the determination, a second signal as input to the light source, the second signal identifying the second intensity. 
         [0007]    In some embodiments, the method includes receiving, by the active thermal management device, the incoming signal comprising a dimming signal. In some embodiments, the method includes measuring, by the active thermal management (ATM) device, the temperature of air within an enclosure of the lighting fixture. In some embodiments, the method includes measuring, by the active thermal management device, the temperature of an enclosure of the lighting fixture. In some embodiments, the method includes predicting a temperature of a LED of the light source based on the measured temperature of the light fixture and using the predicted LED temperature as the temperature. In some embodiments, the method includes determining the second intensity from the function comprising an intensity curve comprising a curve of a selection of second intensity values based on values of the first intensity and the temperature. 
         [0008]    In some embodiments, the method includes the ATM device determining the second intensity from the function comprising a non-linear relationship between the first signal and the second signal. In some embodiments, the method includes the ATM device determining the second intensity from the function comprising a temperature compensation factor applied to a dimming level of the first intensity. 
         [0009]    In some embodiments, the method includes the ATM device outputting the second intensity to reduce power to the light source prior to reaching a predetermined threshold of a maximum temperature. In some embodiments, the method includes the ATM device outputting the second intensity to reduce power to the light source while dimming the light source. In some embodiments, the active thermal management device is enclosed within the light fixture. In some embodiments, the active thermal management device comprises a diode for measuring the temperature. 
         [0010]    In some aspects, the present solution is directed to a system for managing intensity to a light source responsive to a temperature of a light fixture comprising the light source. The system includes a device, such as embodiments an active thermal management device described herein, that receives an incoming signal for a lighting fixture comprising a light source. The incoming signal identifies a first intensity for the light source. The system also includes a temperature measuring component of the active thermal management device that measures a temperature of the lighting fixture. The system also includes a processor of the active thermal management device that determines a second intensity from a function of both the first intensity and the temperature of the lighting fixture. In operation of the system, the active thermal management device, responsive to the determination, outputs a second signal as input to the light source. The second signal identifies the second intensity. 
         [0011]    In some embodiments, the active thermal management device receives the incoming signal comprising a dimming signal. In some embodiments, the temperature measuring component measures the temperature of air within an enclosure of the lighting fixture. In some embodiments, the temperature measuring component measures the temperature of an enclosure of the lighting fixture. In some embodiments, the processor predicts a temperature of a LED of the light source based on the measured temperature of the light fixture and uses the predicted LED temperature as the temperature. In some embodiments, the processor determines the second intensity from the function comprising an intensity curve comprising a curve of a selection of second intensity values based on values of the first intensity and the temperature. In some embodiments, the processor determines the second intensity from the function comprising a non-linear relationship between the first signal and the second signal. In some embodiments, the processor determines the second intensity from the function comprising a temperature compensation factor applied to a dimming level of the first intensity. 
         [0012]    In some embodiments, the active thermal management device outputs the second intensity to reduce power to the light source prior to reaching a predetermined threshold of a maximum temperature. In some embodiments, the active thermal management device outputs the second intensity to reduce power to the light source while dimming the light. In some embodiments, the temperature measurement component comprises a diode. In some embodiments, wherein the active thermal management device is enclosed within the light fixture. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0013]    The foregoing and other objects, aspects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and better understood by referring to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: 
           [0014]      FIG. 1A  is a block diagram that depicts an embodiment of an environment of a lighting system and components of the lighting system; 
           [0015]      FIG. 1B  is a block diagram that depicts another embodiment of a lighting system and components of the lighting system; 
           [0016]      FIG. 1C  is a block diagram that depicts an embodiment of a communication system between light sources; 
           [0017]      FIG. 1D  is a block diagram that depicts an embodiment of a light source control and communication; 
           [0018]      FIG. 2A  and  FIG. 2B  are block diagrams of embodiments of digital communication between light sources, intensity control and master/slave control; 
           [0019]      FIG. 3  is a flow chart illustrating steps of a method for communicating between devices using a duty cycle of a signal. 
           [0020]      FIG. 4A  and  FIG. 4B  are block diagrams of embodiments of additional light intensity control embodiments; 
           [0021]      FIG. 4C  is a flow chart illustrating steps of an embodiment of a method for modulating intensity of light using a digital pattern of a signal; 
           [0022]      FIG. 5A  is a block diagram of a system or an apparatus, such as a non-contact switch for selecting and controlling one or more light sources; 
           [0023]      FIG. 5B  is a flow chart illustrating steps of an embodiment of a method for detecting presence of an object or a person via a non-contact switch. 
           [0024]      FIG. 6A  is a block diagram of an embodiment for lighting devices transmitting power, intensity and instructions for assigning a status to a lighting device via a connection; 
           [0025]      FIG. 6B  is a flow chart illustrating steps of an embodiment of method for assigning a status to a lighting device via a connection used by the lighting device for receiving intensity and/or power; 
           [0026]      FIG. 7A  is a block diagram of an embodiment of a system for active thermal management; 
           [0027]      FIG. 7B  is a functional diagram of a plot of different temperature and intensity curves for a lighting device; and 
           [0028]      FIG. 7C  is a flow diagram of an embodiment of a method of performing active thermal management techniques. 
       
    
    
       [0029]    The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description set forth below when taken in conjunction with the drawings, in which like reference characters identify corresponding elements throughout. 
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0030]    For purposes of reading the description of the various embodiments of the present invention below, the following descriptions of the sections of the specification and their respective contents may be helpful:
       Section A describes lighting system environment and components of the lighting system;   Section B relates to systems and methods for communication among lighting system components;   Section C relates to embodiments for status assignment of the light sources;   Section D relates to embodiments for lighting system intensity control with digital patterning and color mixing;   Section E relates to embodiments for non-contact selection and control of lighting system components;   Section F relates to systems and methods for status assignment of the light sources; and   Section G relates to embodiments of an active thermal management.       
 
       A. Lighting System and Lighting System Components 
       [0038]    Lighting system  100  comprises a number of lighting system components which may be used for a variety of lighting or illumination applications in numerous environments.  FIG. 1A  illustrates a block diagram of an environment within which lighting system  100  may be used.  FIG. 1A  illustrates a lighting system  100  comprising lighting system components called lighting devices, or light sources  110 A,  110 B and  110 C. The lighting system  100  also includes additional lighting system components: a communicator  125 , a controller  120 , a master/slave addressor  130  and a power supply  140 . All the lighting system components illustrated by  FIG. 1A  are connected to each other via connections  105 . Connections  105  are depicted running into or running through a network  104 . In many embodiments, network  104  comprises a plurality of connections  105  through which signals, information or data packets, or electrical power are propagated. In a plurality of embodiments, network  104  and connections  105  provide connections between any of the lighting system components. 
         [0039]      FIG. 1A  depicts light sources  110  comprising various components.  FIG. 1A  presents a light source  110 A comprising: a controller  120 A, a communicator  125 A which further comprises an address  127 A, a master/slave addressor  130 A, and a power supply  140 A.  FIG. 1A  also illustrates a light source  110 B which includes only a communicator  125 B. Light source  110 C is shown by  FIG. 1A  comprising a controller  120 C and an address  127 C. Other lighting system components, such as a communicator  125 , controller  120 , power supply  140  and master/slave addressor  130  are illustrated in  FIG. 1A  as individual and independent lighting system components not comprising any additional subcomponents. 
         [0040]    In some embodiments, however, any of the communicator  125 , controller  120 , power supply  140  and master/slave addressor  130  may comprise any number of lighting system components or subcomponents. Herein, the term lighting system component, may be used interchangeably for any component or subcomponent within a lighting system  100  or for any component related to a lighting system  100 . Furthermore, terms lighting device, device, light source, lighting fixture or a lighting unit may also be used interchangeably and may comprise any number of similar or other lighting system  100  components. 
         [0041]    Lighting system  100 , illustrated in  FIG. 1A , may be any system including one or more lighting devices  100 , also referred to as light sources  110 . Sometimes, lighting system  100  is a system comprising one or more light sources or light fixtures controlled by one or more lighting system components. In a plurality of embodiments, a lighting system  100  includes a number of light sources  110  connected to each other. In a number of embodiments, a lighting system  100  includes a number of light sources  110  connected to a power supply  140  or a source of electricity, such as an electrical outlet. In many embodiments, lighting system  100  is a system comprising a plurality of light sources  110  or other lighting system components connected to each other and communicating with each other. In a number of embodiments, lighting system  100  comprises a plurality of lighting system components electrically connected to each other in parallel. In some embodiments, lighting system  100  comprises a plurality of lighting system components electrically connected to each other in series. In a plurality of embodiments, lighting system  100  comprises components, such as light sources  110  or power supplies  140  connected to each other in parallel or in series or in a combination of parallel and series electrical connections. Sometimes, lighting system  100  includes any number of systems, products, components or devices assisting any functionality, operation or control of light sources  110 . In a number of embodiments, lighting system  100  includes one or more components, systems, products or devices assisting or controlling communication between a light source  110  and another light source  110  or another component, device, system or product. In a plurality of embodiments, lighting system  100  is any system comprising a plurality of light sources  110 , such as light fixtures for example, illuminating or lighting an area or a space. In many embodiments, lighting system  100  is any system comprising a plurality of light sources  110 , providing illumination or lighting an area or a space as controlled by one or more lighting system components. 
         [0042]    In some embodiments, lighting system  100  comprises one or more lighting devices, or light sources  110 . In numerous embodiments, lighting system  100  comprises one or more light sources  110  comprising a power supply  140 . In a number of embodiments, lighting system  100  comprises a master/slave addressor  130 , a controller  120 , a power supply  140  and a communicator  125  as separate and independent components of the lighting system  100 . In a plurality of embodiments, lighting system components are electrically connected to one or more light sources  110  via connections, cables, wires, lines or any electrically conductive mediums. In some embodiments, lighting system components are electrically connected to one or more light sources  110  via network  104 . In a number of embodiments, lighting system  100  comprises any number of lighting system components connected to each other or other lighting system components either directly via connections  105 , via combinations of connections  105  and network  104  or via one or more networks  104 . 
         [0043]    In one embodiment, the lighting system  100  is installed, deployed or otherwise provided in any type or form of indoor, outdoor, residential or commercial environment. In one embodiment, lighting system  100  is deployed, installed or provided in any type of indoor environment. In some embodiments, lighting system  100  is deployed, installed or provided in a residential building or a room. In a number of embodiments, lighting system  100  is deployed, installed or provided in a commercial building or an office area. In many embodiments, lighting system  100  is deployed, installed or provided in a store or a mall. In a plurality of embodiments, lighting system  100  is deployed, installed or provided in a hallway, or a parking garage. In numerous embodiments, lighting system  100  is deployed, installed or provided in a restaurant or a museum. In some embodiments, the lighting system  100  is installed in a laboratory or a research or development laboratory, area or an institution. In some embodiments, lighting system  100  is deployed in an outside environment, such as a stadium, or a concert stage. In a plurality of embodiments, lighting system  100  is deployed, installed or provided in a town square, residential area, or section of a town or city. 
         [0044]    In many embodiments, lighting system  100  comprises one or more light sources  110  which are different from other light sources  110  of the lighting system  100 . In a number of embodiments, lighting system  100  comprises one or more light sources  110  which are same or similar to other light sources  110  of the lighting system  100 . In some embodiments, lighting system  100  includes only one or two light sources  110  while in other embodiments, lighting system  100  includes a very large number of light sources  110 , such as tens or hundreds. In a plurality of embodiments, a plurality of lighting systems  100  are electrically connected to each other and form one larger lighting system  100  or a lighting system farm. In some embodiments, lighting system  100  includes a plurality of separate lighting systems  100  or lighting system farms. 
         [0045]    Connections  105  are represented in  FIG. 1A  by lines connecting components of lighting system  100  to other lighting system  100  components via network  104 . Connections  105  may comprise any type of medium or means for transferring, transporting or propagating electrical power, electronic analog or digital signals, or any other type of communication signal between any two components or devices of the lighting system  100 . In some embodiments, connection  105  is a wire or a plurality of wires of any size or gauge capable of conducting electricity or an electronic signal. In a plurality of embodiments, connection  105  is a cable including one or more electrical conductors electrically insulated from each other and other conductors. In many embodiments, connection  105  comprises a plurality of separate and mutually insulated conductive mediums, each one transmitting a separate signal or information. In some embodiments, connection  105  is a cable including a plurality of wires insulated with any non-conductive material, the wires being used for electrical power distribution in residential or commercial areas. In certain embodiments, connection  105  includes a cable or a group of wires of any size and gauge comprising any electrical current conducting material. In some embodiments, connection  105  comprises an optical fiber transmitting an optical signal. In a number of embodiments, connection  105  is a coaxial cable. In a plurality of embodiments, connection  105  is a wire harness comprising any number of sheathed or unsheathed wires, each wire transmitting a separate signal without interference from an outside wire. In a plurality of embodiments, connection  105  is a wire harness comprising a plurality of mediums for transmitting electrical signals and optical signals. In some embodiments, connection  105  is a wire harness comprising three separate mediums for transmitting electrical signals or conducting electricity. In a number of embodiments, connection  105  comprises a plurality of current conducting mediums wherein each of the mediums is sheathed or electrically insulated from other conducting mediums of the connection  105 . 
         [0046]    Connection  105 , in some embodiments, is a wireless connection between two or more lighting system  100  components. In many embodiments, connection  105  comprises a medium for wireless communication between two or more lighting system  100  components. In some embodiments, the connection  105  is a wireless communication link between two or more lighting system  100  components. In many embodiments, the connection  105  is a medium through which wireless communication of two or more lighting system  100  components is propagated. The connection  105  may comprise any number of wireless communication links and wired communication links. In a plurality of embodiments, connection  105  comprises a number of connection  105  components each of which may further comprise any number of wireless communication links for communication between two or more lighting system  100  components. The wireless communication link or the wireless communication propagated via connection  105  may refer to any transfer of information between any two or more lighting system  100  components without the use of electrical conductors or wires. In some embodiments, connection  105  comprises any one, or any combination of: a metal wire, a metal line, a cable having one or more wires or lines, a light guide, an optical fiber and a wireless link or wireless connection system. In some of embodiments, connection  105  comprises a plurality of connection  105  components comprising metal lines or wires, wireless links, optical fibers or cables. 
         [0047]    Network  104  may be any medium or means for transferring electrical power, electronic data, electromagnetic waves, electrical signals, or communication signals between two or more lighting system  100  components. In some embodiments, network  104  is a mesh of connections  105  connecting any lighting system component with any other component of the lighting system  100 . In a plurality of embodiments, network  104  comprises a number of connections  105  connecting light sources  110 , with each other. In many embodiments, network  104  comprises a number of connections  105  connecting any lighting system  100  component to any other lighting system  100  component. Network  104 , in some embodiments, is plurality of connections  105  connecting specific lighting system  100  components to other specific lighting system  100  components. In a plurality of embodiments, lighting system components are connected to other lighting system components via one or more connections  105 . The network  104  may also be a wireless network and comprise any number of wireless communication links between any number of lighting system  100  components. In some embodiments, the network  104  comprises wireless links and non-wireless links, such as connections via wires. Network  104 , in some embodiments, is a plurality of connections  105  connecting any of the lighting system  100  components to any other lighting system  100  components, such as a lighting device  110 A to lighting devices  110 B and  110 C and vice versa. 
         [0048]    A device  110 , also referred to as a lighting device  110  or a light source  110 , is any device performing or executing a function or an instruction, or any device operating, outputting or performing as instructed or commanded by an instruction or information received by the device via a connection  105 . In many embodiments, device  110  is any device or an apparatus performing a functionality as directed by a signal. The device  110  may be any electrical, electromechanical or mechanical component, such as a motor for example. The device  110  may be an engine, a turbine, or may be any apparatus or a system comprising a motor or an engine. In some embodiments, device  110  is a device, apparatus or a material capable of producing, emitting or emanating light or electromagnetic radiation. In a plurality of embodiments, a device  110  is any device performing any functionality as instructed via a connection  105  or any device transmitting instruction to other devices  110 , even if the device  110  or the devices  110  receiving or transmitting instructions are not light emitting devices. Devices  110  may be any electronic or electrical components, devices, products or apparatuses performing a function or an operation in response to an electrical or electronic signal. 
         [0049]    In many embodiments, device  110  is a lighting device  110  or a lighting fixture, a light source, or any device producing or emitting light. In a plurality of embodiments, device  110  or a light source  110  is a fluorescent light. In a number of embodiments, light source  110  is a lamp or a light bulb. In many embodiments, light source is a white light emitting diode. In some embodiments, light source  110  is a semiconductor light emitting device, such as a light emitting diode of any spectral or wavelength range. In a plurality of embodiments, the light source  110  is a broadband lamp or a broadband light source. In number of embodiments, the light source  110  is a black light. In a plurality of embodiments, light source  110  is a hollow cathode lamp. In a number of embodiments, light source  110  is a fluorescent tube light source. In some embodiments, the light source  110  is a neon or argon lamp. In a plurality of embodiments, light source  110  is a plasma lamp. In certain embodiments, light source  110  is a xenon flash lamp. In a plurality of embodiments, light source  110  is a mercury lamp. In some embodiments, light source  110  is a metal halide lamp. In certain embodiments, light source  110  is a sulfur lamp. In a number of embodiments, light source  110  is a laser, or a laser diode. In some embodiments, light source  110  is an OLED, PHOLED, QDLED, or any other variation of a light source  110  utilizing an organic material. In certain embodiments, light source  110  is a monochromatic light source. In a number of embodiments, light source  110  is a polychromatic light source. In a plurality of embodiments, light source  110  is a light source emitting light partially in the spectral range of ultraviolet light. In some embodiments, light source  110  is a device, product or a material emitting light partially in the spectral range of visible light. In a number of embodiments, light source  110  is a device, product or a material partially emanating or emitting light in the spectral range of the infra red light. In a number of embodiments, light source  110  is a device, product or a material emanating or emitting light in the visible spectral range. In some embodiments, light source  110  includes a filter to control the spectral range of the light emitted from the light source  110 . In certain embodiments, light source  110  includes a light guide, an optical fiber or a waveguide through which light is emitted from the light source  110 . In some embodiments, light source  110  includes one or more mirrors for reflecting or redirecting of light. In some embodiments, lighting device  110  reflects light emitted from another light source. In some embodiments, light source  110  includes a light reactive material affecting the light emitted, such as a polarizer, filter or a prism. In a plurality of embodiments, light source  110  is a coherent light source. In some embodiments, light source  110 , or a lighting device  110 , is an incoherent light source. 
         [0050]    The device  110 , or the lighting device  110 , may be any light emitting device, comprising one or more light sources and capable of providing light to an area or a space. In other embodiments, lighting device  110  is a semiconductor light emitting diode producing an incoherent light of any given spectral or power range. In another embodiment, lighting device  110  is an ultra-violet light emitting source used for illuminating a light reactive material. A light reactive material sometimes, in response to the illuminated light absorbs the light, and in response to the absorbed light, produces a light of its own. In some embodiments, lighting device  110  is an LED or a light source used for color rendering of the fruits, vegetables, meats or any light reactive materials. In a number of embodiments, lighting device  110  emits light which alters the color of the object illuminated by the light source  110  as perceived by the human eye. In some embodiments, lighting system  100  is used for illuminating an object whose appearance of color pigment is shifted as perceived by a human eye in response to the illumination of the object using a specific spectral range of light. For example, an object of a yellow pigment may appear orange to a human eye when illuminated by purple light. In another example, a blue pigment may appear black to a human eye when illuminated by orange light. In some embodiments, an object of a red pigment, when illuminated by a deep red light may be perceived by human eye as a even more red. In some embodiments, light source  110  emits a light having a specific spectral range tailored for illuminating a specific object and creating a perception to a human observer of an object having a different color pigment as the result of the illumination. In some embodiments, an array of light sources  110  are used to vary the wavelength and intensity of the light emitted. In a number of embodiments, light source  110  is a monochromatic light source, emitting only a single wavelength of light. In some embodiments, light source  110  is a tunable light source, emitting a light of varying spectral range. In a plurality of embodiments, light source  110  is a broadband light utilizing a filter for narrowing down the light spectral range. Light source  110 , in some embodiments, is any device, product or material emitting, emanating or illuminating light of any spectral or power range, any constant output or varying intensity output, and any type of coherent or incoherent light. 
         [0051]    Light source  110  or a lighting device  110  may comprise a plurality of light sources  110  of emitting a same or a different wavelength, color or hue of light. In some embodiment, light source  110  creates color of the light emitted from the light source  110  using a plurality of light sources emitting specific wavelengths of light which individually or mixed produce the color of the light emitted. Light source  110  may comprise a number of same or similar light sources  110 , each emitting a light of a same or similar color, hue, wavelength or spectral range. In a number of embodiments, light source  110  includes one or more light sources emitting a monochromatic light. In many embodiments, light source  110  includes one or more light sources emitting a relatively monochromatic light, wherein relatively means about ninety percent monochromatic. In a plurality of embodiments, light source  110  includes one or more light sources emitting a light having a narrow spectral range which when mixed with other light produces white light or light of a color different from the original color. In a plurality of embodiments, monochromatic light is a light having only a single wavelength of light. Relatively monochromatic light is a light similar to a light emitted by a monochromatic laser or a laser diode and it may have a spectral wavelength range of one or a few nanometers. Narrow spectral range, in some embodiments, means a range of about five to fifty nanometers of wavelength range. In some embodiments, light source  110  emits one or more of any of the monochromatic, relatively monochromatic or a narrow spectral range light individually or in any combination. In a number of embodiments, light source  110  emits blue light, such as the light having wavelength length between 460 nanometers and 490 nanometers. Light emanated or emitted from the light source, in some embodiments, has shorter wavelengths or a higher energy than the visible light. In some embodiments, light emitted or emanated from a light source  110  has a spectral range at least partially in the ultraviolet range and at least partially in a visible range. In a plurality of embodiments, the light emitted or emanated from a light source  110  has a spectral range at least partially in the visible range and at least partially in the infrared range. In a number of embodiments, light emitted from a light source  110  is pulsed or varying in intensity, or continuous and/or without any interruption in emission. In some embodiments, light emitted from light source  110  is periodically or non-periodically pulsed. In some embodiments, a light source  110  comprises a plurality of light sources, each of which emits a light having a partially different wavelength from light emitted by other light sources of the light source  110 . In a number of embodiments, light source  110  comprises a plurality of light sources each emitting a light of different color or a different wavelength or wavelength range. In a number of embodiments, light source  110  comprises a plurality of light sources, wherein each of the light sources emits a light having a different intensity or power range. 
         [0052]    The device  110 , also referred to as the light source  110 , may also comprise a wireless device, such as a wireless signal receiver or a wireless signal transmitter. In some embodiments, light source  110  comprises an antenna for receiving or for transmitting wireless communication. In a plurality of embodiments, light source  110  comprises a wireless connector, a wireless receiver or a wireless signal emitter. In many embodiments, light source  110  comprises a device or a unit controlling and implementing wireless communication between two or more light sources  110 . In some embodiments, the light source  110  may comprise a wireless link, such as an infrared channel or satellite band. In many embodiments, the light source  110  comprises a wireless RF network port, such as a network port supporting IEEE 802.11 wireless communication protocols or Bluetooth technology. In a plurality of embodiments, any lighting system  100  component may comprise any number of wireless communication devices, such as wireless network ports, wireless transmitters or receivers or wireless transceiver used for wireless communication between the lighting system  100  components. 
         [0053]    In a number of embodiments, the light source  110  comprises a controller  120 . In a plurality of embodiments, light source  110  comprises a communicator  125 . In a number of embodiments, light source  110  comprises a master/slave addressor  130 . In some embodiments, light source  110  comprises a power supply  140 . In certain embodiments, light source  110  comprises any of, or any combination of: controller  120 , communicator  125 , master/slave addressor  130  and power supply  140 . In a plurality of embodiments, light source  110  comprises an enclosure which encloses any of or any combination of: controller  120 , communicator  125 , master/slave addressor  130  and power supply  140 . In a plurality of embodiments, light source  110  comprises a connection  105  which can be used to connect the light source  110  with any other light sources  110  or other lighting system components. 
         [0054]    Light system components may transmit to the light sources  110  signals comprising any number of instructions. Instructions, such as the instruction  650 , may include any type and form of instruction or command for operating, configuring, controlling or managing on or more light sources  110 . In some embodiments, an instruction comprises a command to set a master or slave status to a lighting device. In other embodiments, instruction includes an instruction to turn a lighting device on or off. In further embodiments, instruction instructs a lighting device to change intensity of light, wavelength of light, pulse of light. In some embodiments, instruction comprises a command to change or set up a configuration of a device, such as a pulsing illumination mode or a constant illumination mode. The instruction may also include a command to include a lighting device  110  into a zone or a group of a plurality of lighting devices. In some embodiments, instruction comprises a command to assign an address to the lighting device. In further embodiments, instruction comprises a command to operate the light for a duration of time identified by the instruction. For example, a lighting device may receive an instruction to maintain an operation at a current intensity for a specific duration of time. In further embodiments, the instruction identifies a command to turn off a lighting device. The instruction may also identify when to turn off the lighting device. The instruction may include any type and form of command, configuration, request, setting or data needed by the lighting device to implement any function of the lighting system described herein. 
         [0055]    Still referring to  FIG. 1A , controller  120  is any unit, system, device or component capable of controlling, modulating light emitted or emanated from any light source  110 . In some embodiments, controller  120  includes software, hardware, or any combination of software and hardware for controlling, managing or otherwise directing the operation and/or performance of one or more light sources  110 . Controller  120  may include any type and form of logic, electronic circuitry, logic operations or functions, software or hardware embodied in forming instructions or enabling control of one or more light sources  110 . In some embodiments, controller  120  comprises any type and form of digital and/or analog circuitry, any device, system, unit or a program for performing any of the operations described herein. Controller  120  may include any type and form of executable instructions, including an application, a program, a library, a process, a service, a task or a thread. In one embodiment, controller  120  provides, includes or controls power output for one or more of light sources  110 . Herein, terms light emanated from a light source, light produced from a light source or light emitted from a light source may be used interchangeably and may comprise the meaning of any of these terms. 
         [0056]    In some embodiments, controller  120  is any unit used for controlling one or more light sources  110 . Sometimes, controller  120  is any device, system, structure, circuit, piece or hardware or software used for controlling a light source  110  or any other lighting system component. In a plurality of embodiments, controller  120  comprises a combination of any device, system structure, circuit, piece of hardware or software, computer program, structure or algorithm used for controlling a light source  110  or any other lighting system component. In some embodiments, controller  120  includes logic, functions or operations to establish, determine, adapt, coordinate, manage or control any characteristics of light emitted from one or more light sources  110 . In numerous embodiments, controller  120  includes logic, functions or operations to establish, determine, adapt, coordinate, manage or control any characteristics of any output of any lighting system component. In a plurality of embodiments, controller  120  controls a light source  110  which produces a light of a predetermined wavelength. In another embodiment, the controller  120  directs the light source to emit a light having a wavelength in a predetermined range. In some embodiments, the controller  120  directs the light source to emanate a light at a predetermined frequency or within a predetermined frequency range. In other embodiments, controller  120  adjusts one or more characteristics of the light to be emitted or emanated from the light source  110 . In a plurality of embodiments, controller  120  establishes or adjusts the color and/or color temperature of the light to emanate from the light source. For example, the color may be established or adjusted based on a color rendering index or value thereof. In another example, the color temperate may be established or adjusted based on a temperature value, such as for example, Kelvin scale. In some embodiments, controller  120  comprises functionality for detecting, or detects a duty cycle of a signal. 
         [0057]    In some embodiments, responsive to information from any one of a light source  110 , communicator  125 , master/slave addressor  130  or a power supply  140 , controller  120  establishes or adjusts intensity of the light emitted from a light source  110 . In a number of embodiments, responsive to information from any one of a light source  110 , communicator  125 , master/slave addressor  130  or a power supply  140 , controller  120  establishes or adjusts spectral range of the light emitted from a light source  110 . In many embodiments, responsive to information from any one of a light source  110 , communicator  125 , master/slave addressor  130  or a power supply  140 , controller  120  establishes or adjusts wavelength of the light emitted from a light source  110 . In numerous embodiments, responsive to information from any one of a light source  110 , communicator  125 , master/slave addressor  130  or a power supply  140 , controller  120  establishes or adjusts frequency of pulses of the light emitted from a light source  110 . In certain embodiments, responsive to information from any one of a light source  110 , communicator  125 , master/slave addressor  130  or a power supply  140 , controller  120  establishes or adjusts brightness or luminance of the light emitted from a light source  110 . In some embodiments, responsive to information from any one of a light source  110 , communicator  125 , master/slave addressor  130  or a power supply  140 , controller  120  establishes or adjusts chromaticity of the light emitted from a light source  110 . In many embodiments, any lighting system  100  component may comprise any number of other lighting system  100  components, such as, for example light source  110 A illustrated in  FIG. 1A . In a plurality of embodiments, lighting system  100  components comprising other lighting system  100  components are still controlled, modified, affected or adjusted by other lighting system  100  components not comprised by them. For example, light source  110 A in  FIG. 1A  having a master/slave addressor  130 A, in some embodiments, is affected, adjusted, modified or controlled by a master/slave addressor  130 . Similarly, in some embodiments, light source  110 A having a controller  120 A is affected, adjusted, controlled or modified by a controller  120  not comprised by light source  110 A. 
         [0058]    In a number of embodiments, controller  120  comprises functionality for detecting an instruction within a duty cycle of a signal. In a number of embodiments, controller  120  comprises functionality for detecting a time interval associated with a duty cycle. In a plurality of embodiments, controller  120  receives, decodes or processes a signal comprising a duty cycle of a time interval or within a time interval. In some embodiments, controller  120  receives, decodes or processes an instruction comprised within the duty cycle. In some embodiments, controller  120  receives, decodes or processes a duty cycle within a time interval wherein the duty cycle comprises a plurality of separated portions within the time interval. The controller  120  may detect or process the duty cycle within the time interval regardless if the duty cycle is a single active signal portion within the time interval or a plurality of separated active signal portions within the time interval. 
         [0059]    In some embodiments, controller  120  receives an information from another lighting system  100  component and adjusts the output or the light emitted from the light source  110  in response to the communication or information received. In some embodiments, information received by a controller  120  or any other lighting system  100  component comprises any one, or any combination of: a command, a signal, an instruction, a digital or analog code, a pulse, a data bit, a data byte, data or any form of electronic or electrical signal. In a number of embodiments, controller  120 A of light source  110 A receives an information from light source  110 B or light source  110 C and changes, amends or adjusts the control of the light source  110 A in response to the received information. In a plurality of embodiments, controller  120 A of light source  110 A receives an information from any one of communicator  125 , controller  120 , power supply  140  or master/slave addressor  130  and changes, amends or adjusts the control of light source  110 A in response to the received information. In certain embodiments, controller  120 A of light source  110 A receives an information from any one of communicator  125 A, address  127 A, master/slave addressor  130 A and adjusts, changes or amends the control of the light source  110 A in response to the received information. 
         [0060]    In some embodiments, the controller  120  includes a central processing unit (CPU), a memory unit, a power supply and a current driving circuitry for powering and controlling one or more light sources  110 . In a plurality of embodiments, controller  120  comprises a software application controlling a logic unit for managing the circuitry which powers up or controls one or more light sources  110  or an array of light sources within the light source  110 . In a number of embodiments, controller  120  is a module comprising a CPU or a microprocessor, a memory and a digital logic circuit subsystem associated with control and management of the light sources  110 . In some embodiments, controller  120  controls intensity of the light emitted from a light source  110  using electronic circuitry, software, or a combination of electronic circuitry and software of the controller  120 . In certain embodiments, controller  120  controls wavelength of the light emitted from a light source  110  using electronic circuitry, software, or a combination of electronic circuitry and software of the controller  120 . In a number of embodiments, controller  120  controls a duty cycle of the intensity varying light emitted from the light source  110  using hardware, software or a combination of the hardware and software of the controller  120 . In some embodiments, controller  120  controls or modulates the light emitted from light source  110  using a microprocessor or a processing unit, such as a central processing unit. In a number of embodiments, controller  120  modulates or controls intensity or wavelength of a light source  110  using a combination of hardware and software to control or modulate current through the light source  110 . In a plurality of embodiments, controller  120  modulates or controls intensity or wavelength of a light source  110  using hardware or software or any combination of hardware or software to control or modulate voltage of light source  110 . In some embodiments, controller  120  modulates or controls intensity or wavelength of a light source  110  using hardware or software or any combination of hardware and software. In a plurality of embodiments, controller  120  modulates or controls frequency of pulses of light emitted by light source  110  using hardware or software or any combination of hardware and software. 
         [0061]    Controller  120  may include any type and form of device, circuitry or a function for generating a signal to be transmitted to a remote lighting device. Such a component of the controller  120  may be referred to as a signal generator  155 . The signal generator may further include a function, component or a device for generating digital patterns. Signal generator  155  generating data stream of bits forming digital patterns may also be referred to as a digital pattern generator. Signal generator  155  or the digital pattern generator may generate digital patterns within time intervals or time periods in order to maintain a predetermined intensity of the light to be emitted by the receiving lighting device. The signal generated by the signal generator  155  may include digital patterns or instructions any number of remote lighting devices. Digital patterns of the signal may include data bits having high and low values. The signal generator  155  of the controller  120  may include any type and form of processors, functions or components that generate the signals, including the digital patterns of the signal, such that the total duration of the signal for which the digital patterns have a high value within a predetermined time interval is predetermined. Controller  120  may generate the signal such that the digital patterns and instructions are included and embedded into the signal. The signal may further be generated to have a ratio of a duration of the signal for which the digital patterns have a high value within a time interval over the total duration of the time interval. The signal may be generated to ensure that this ratio, which may also be referred to as the duty cycle within the time interval, stays at a level indicating the intended intensity of light to be emitted by the remote lighting device. This ratio may be included in the signal and remain at the intended level regardless of the instructions or commands for the remote lighting device inserted into the signal. The signal generator of the controller  120  may include any functionality to generate digital patterns, instructions, or any other component of the signal. The signal generator may embed the digital patterns and the instructions into the signal. In some embodiments, the signal generator  155  may be comprised by any component of the lighting device  110 , such as a communicator  125  for example. 
         [0062]    Controller  120  may include any type and form of device, circuitry or a function for filtering or processing the signal received from another lighting system component. Such a component of the controller  120  may be referred as a signal processor  157 . The signal processor  157  may include any type and form of a filter for filtering the signal. The filters may include frequency filter, optical filter, power filter, intensity filter, phase filter or any other type and form of filter for filtering the signal. The signal processor  157  of the controller  120  may include circuitry for identifying the duty cycle of the signal within a time interval. The signal processor may determine the duty cycle by determining a sum of all portions of the digital pattern of the signal having a high value within a time interval. In some embodiments, the signal processor determines the duty cycle by determining a ratio of a sum of all durations the digital pattern of the signal within a time interval for which the digital pattern has a high value and the entire duration of the time interval. The signal processor  157  may use the ratio to establish the percentage of the maximum intensity with which to operate the lighting device. In some embodiments, the signal processor determines an average value of the signal for the time duration of the signal. In further embodiments, the signal processor of the controller  120  determines a duty cycle by summing all the portions of any number of digital patterns of the signal having a high value within a time interval and establishing a ratio of the sum to a total duration of the time interval. The signal processor  157  of the controller  120  may include any functionality to generate digital patterns, instructions, or any other component of the signal. The signal processor  157  may embed the digital patterns and the instructions into the signal. In some embodiments, the signal processor  157  may be comprised by any component of the lighting device  110 , such as a communicator  125  for example. 
         [0063]    The controller  120 , in some embodiments, is a commercial off the shelf system or comprises a commercial off the shelf product, component or a system. In many embodiments, controller  120  is a customized or a proprietary system for controlling light sources  110  or any other lighting system components. In some embodiments, controller  120  comprises controller components such as control circuits, analog or digital logic circuitry, processors or microprocessors, memory units, software or firmware which individually, or in combination, control the output of a light source  110 . In a number of embodiments, controller  120  includes any of the products or modules manufactured or provided by Integrated Illumination Systems, Inc. referred to as I2Systems, of Morris, Conn. In some embodiments, controller  120  includes user interface modules and light source control modules to control and drive one or more light sources  110 . 
         [0064]      FIG. 1A  also displays a stand-alone communicator  125  connected to other lighting system  100  components via network  104 . In some embodiments, communicator  125  and communicator  125 A comprise or share any embodiments of any communicator  125 . In some embodiments, communicator  125  comprises all the functionality and performance characteristics of communicator  125 A and vice versa. Communicator  125 A or any other communicator  125 , may be any device, unit or a component capable of communicating with any other lighting system  100  component. In some embodiments, communicator  125 A receives an information from any component inside of light source  110 A, such as controller  120 A, address  127 A, master/slave  130 A or a power supply  140 A and in response to the received information transmits an information to any component inside of light source  110 A or any lighting system  100  component. 
         [0065]    In some embodiments, communicator  125  includes software, hardware, or any combination of software and hardware for receiving or sending information or communication, processing received information and sending information. In some embodiments, communicator  125  includes any one of, or any combination of: analog or digital logic circuitry, processing units or microprocessors, memory, hardware or software for receive and processing information, performing and implementing logical functions or algorithms or transmitting information to other lighting system  100  components. In some embodiments, communicator  125  includes any one of, or any combination of: analog or digital logic circuitry, processing units or microprocessors, memory, hardware or software for receive and processing information, performing and implementing logical functions or algorithms or transmitting information to other components within light source  110 A. Communicator  125  may include any type and form of logic, electronic circuitry, logic operations or functions, software or hardware embodied in forming instructions or enabling control of one or more light sources  110 . In some embodiments, communicator  125 A or any other communicator  125  comprises any type and form of digital and/or analog circuitry, any device, system, unit or a program for performing any of the operations described herein. Communicator  125 , in some embodiments, includes any type or form of executable instructions, including an application, program, library, process, service, task or thread. 
         [0066]    In a number of embodiments, communicator  125  detects and processes an instruction within a duty cycle of a signal. In a number of embodiments, communicator  125  detects a time interval associated with a duty cycle. In a plurality of embodiments, communicator  125  receives, decodes or processes a signal comprising a duty cycle of a time interval or within a time interval. In some embodiments, communicator  125  receives, decodes or processes an instruction comprised within the duty cycle. In some embodiments, communicator  125  receives, decodes or processes a duty cycle within a time interval wherein the duty cycle comprises a plurality of separated portions within the time interval. The communicator  125  may detect or process the duty cycle within the time interval regardless if the duty cycle is a single active signal portion within the time interval or a plurality of separated active signal portions within the time interval. 
         [0067]    In a number of embodiments, communicator  125 A receives all communication or information external to the light source  110 A and distributes the received communication to any of the components within the light source  110 A. In a plurality of embodiments, communicator  125 A receives all communication or information from outside of light source  110  and processes, decodes, interprets or reformats the received information. In certain embodiments, communicator  125 A transmits the processed, decoded or interpreted received information to one or more components within the light source  110 A. In some embodiments, communicator  125 A receives all communication or information from one or more components inside of light source  110 A and processes, decodes, interprets or reformats the received information. In certain embodiments, communicator  125 A transmits the processed, decoded or interpreted received information to one or more lighting system  100  components, such as another light source  110  or another communicator  125  outside of light source  110 A. It will be understood by those with ordinary skill in the art that communicator  125 A may comprise all the functionality of any other communicator  125 , and vice versa. 
         [0068]    Address  127 A is an address, piece of data, or a piece of information uniquely identifying a lighting system  100  component having the address  127 A from other lighting system  100  components. In some embodiments, address  127 A is a number. In many embodiments, address  127 A is an electronic data, a number, an electronic code, a binary code or a binary number. In a plurality of embodiments, address  127 A is a piece of electronic information stored in a memory location. In some embodiments, address  127 A is a setting of a switch or a key. In certain embodiments, address  127 A is a setting of a logical circuitry set by a user. In a number of embodiments, address  127 A is a digital signal or a digital code. In a plurality of embodiments, address  127 A is an internet protocol address. 
         [0069]    In some embodiments, address  127  is a unique identifier used for network communication of a lighting system component comprising the address  127 . In certain embodiments, address  127  comprises a host name, an internet protocol address or a unique identifier. In a plurality of embodiments, address  127  is used by a lighting system component comprising the address  127  to distinguish a message addressed to the lighting system component from a plurality of messages. In many embodiments, address  127  is used by a lighting system component comprising the address  127  to distinguish an information addressed to the lighting system component from a plurality of information. In numerous embodiments, address  127  is used by a lighting system component comprising the address  127  to distinguish a communication addressed to the lighting system component from a plurality of communications. In some embodiments, address  127 A is used as a unique network identifier of a lighting system  100  component comprising the address  127 A for network communications of the lighting system  100  component. In a number of embodiments, address  127 A is used as a unique network identifier of a lighting system  100  component comprising the address  127 A for communication between the lighting system  100  component and a lighting system  100  component comprising an address  127  different than an address  127 A. It will be understood by those with ordinary skill in the art that address  127 A may comprise all the functionality of any other address  127 , and vice versa. 
         [0070]    Master/slave addressor  130  may be any unit, circuit, device, software or a system capable of setting, resetting or establishing a master or a slave status of any lighting system component. In many embodiments, master/slave addressor  130  is any device, unit or a system setting, resetting or establishing a status of a master or a slave of one of lighting system components from a plurality of lighting system components. In some embodiments, master/slave addressor  130  is a component independent from any light source  110 . In a plurality of embodiments, master/slave addressor  130  is a component within a light source  110  and specifically used by the same light source  110 . In a plurality of embodiments, master/slave addressor  130  is associated with a specific lighting system component and used by the same specific lighting system component. In numerous embodiments, master/slave addressor  130  is associated with a group of lighting system components within a plurality of groups of lighting system components, and is used by the group of lighting system components for setting or resetting the statuses of the lighting systems components within the group. In a number of embodiments, any master/slave addressor  130  performs any functionality and comprises any embodiments of a master/slave addressor  130 A, and vice versa. In a plurality of embodiments, master/slave addressor  130  is used interchangeably with master/slave addressor  130 A. 
         [0071]      FIG. 1A  illustrates master/slave addressor  130  as a lighting system  100  component while illustrating master/slave addressor  130 A as a light source  110 A component. Master/slave addressor  130 A, in a number of embodiments, is any device, unit, setting, monitoring or recognizing a master or a slave status of light source  110 A among a plurality of lighting system  100  components. Master/slave addressor  130 , in a plurality of embodiments, is any is any device, unit, circuit, software or a system setting, resetting, monitoring or recognizing a master or a slave status of any light source  110  of a lighting system  100  among a plurality of light sources  110  of the lighting system  100  components. 
         [0072]    In many embodiments, one lighting system component of a plurality of lighting system components has a status of a master, while all the remaining lighting system components have status of a slave. In numerous embodiments, all lighting system components of a lighting system  100  have a status of a slave. In a plurality of embodiments, all light sources  110  of a lighting system  100  have a status of a slave. In many embodiments, all lighting system components of a lighting system  100  have a status of a master. In some embodiments, all light sources  110  of a lighting system  100  have a status of a master. In many embodiments, master/slave addressor  130  is independent of any other lighting system component and has a status of a master. In many embodiments, master/slave addressor  130  is independent of any other lighting system component and has a status of a master and all other lighting system components have a status of a slave. In numerous embodiments, master/slave addressor  130  is independent of any other lighting system component and has a status of a slave. In some embodiments, master/slave addressor  130  is independent of any other lighting system component and has a status of a slave and one or more of other lighting system components have a status of a master. In a plurality of embodiments, plurality of light sources  110  of a lighting system  100  have a status of a master or a slave. In some embodiments, all light sources  110  of a lighting system  100  have a status of a master or a slave. In certain embodiments, none of light sources  110  of a lighting system  100  have a status of a master or a slave. In a number of embodiments, one of a plurality of light sources  110  has a status of a master and all the remaining lighting system  100  components have a status of a slave. 
         [0073]    In some embodiments, a lighting system component having a status of a master controls one or more tasks, actions, functionalities or performances of one or more light sources  100  having a slave status. Sometimes, a lighting system component having a status of a master controls one or more tasks, actions, functionalities or performances of any lighting system components having a slave status. In many embodiments, a lighting system  100  component having a status of a master sends commands or instructions to one or more light sources  100  having a slave status. In certain embodiments, a lighting system  100  component having a status of a master adjusts performance or functionality of one or more components of the lighting system  100  components having a status of a slave. In many embodiments, a lighting system  100  component having a status of a master assigns another component which used to have a status of a slave a status of a master. In a plurality of embodiments, a lighting system  100  component having a status of a master assigns a status of a slave to itself or any other lighting system  100  component. In some embodiments, wherein all of lighting system components have a status of a slave, a status of a master is assigned to one of a plurality of lighting system  100  components by a lighting system  100  component having a status of a slave. 
         [0074]    Still referring to  FIG. 1A , power supply  140  is illustrated as an independent lighting system component. Power supply  140  may be any component, device, apparatus or a source supplying one of, or any combination of: electrical current, voltage and power, to one or more lighting system  100  components. In many embodiments, power supply  140  performs any functionality and comprises any embodiments of a power supply  140 A, and vice versa. In some embodiments, power supply  140  may be used interchangeably with power supply  140 A. Power supply  140  may be a part of any lighting system components. In some embodiments power supply  140  is comprised by a lighting system component and it supplies any of or any combination of power, current or voltage to the lighting system  100  component. In a number of embodiments, power supply  140  is a subsystem of a lighting system component and it supplies power, current or voltage to a plurality of lighting system components. In many embodiments, power, current or voltage is transferred or supplied from a power supply  140  to one or more lighting system  100  components via one or more connections  105 . In some embodiments, power supply  140  is an electrical outlet supplying electrical current, voltage or power to a lighting system  100  component, such as a light source  110 . In a plurality of embodiments, power supply  140  comprises a battery. In a number of embodiments, power supply  140  comprises a transformer. In many embodiments, power supply  140  is a device, system or a unit supplying an alternating current or a current changing through time to one or more lighting system  100  components. In certain embodiments, power supply  140  supplies a constant current to one or more lighting system  100  components. In a plurality of embodiments, power supply  140  supplies an alternating power or a power changing through time to one or more lighting system  100  components. In some embodiments, power supply  140  supplies a constant power to one or more lighting system  100  components. In many embodiments, power supply  140  supplies an alternating voltage or a voltage varying through time to one or more lighting system  100  components. In certain embodiments, power supply  140  supplies a constant voltage to one or more lighting system  100  components. In a plurality of embodiments, power supply  140  supplies a plurality of different power, voltage or source signals to one or more lighting system  100  components. 
         [0075]    Power supply  140  may comprise any number of the lighting system  100  components or may be connected to or service any number of lighting system  100  components. In some embodiments, power supply  140  allows or enables the power to be transferred between a plurality of lighting system components. In certain embodiments, power supply  140  transmits, propagates or sends commands and communication to other components of the lighting system  100 . In numerous embodiments, power supply  140  receives or accepts commands and communication from other components of the lighting system  100 . In some embodiments, power supply  140  includes software, hardware, or any combination of software and hardware. In many embodiments, power supply  140  uses software, hardware or the combination of software and hardware to control, manage or supply power, electrical current or voltage to one or more lighting system  100  components. In many embodiments, power supply  140  utilizes any one of or any combination of hardware, circuitry, or software to supply, manage or control the flow of current, voltage or power to any one of lighting system  100  components. Power supply  140  may comprise any type or form of logic, electronic circuitry, logic operations or functions, software or hardware. In some embodiments, power supply  140  comprises any type and form of digital and/or analog circuitry, any device, system, unit or a program for performing any of the operations described herein. 
         [0076]    In a number of embodiments, power supply  140  supplies two alternating current signals to one or more lighting system  100  components, first one of the two having a phase different than a second one of the two. In a number of embodiments, power supply  140  supplies a constant power signal to one or more lighting system components. In numerous embodiments, power supply  140  supplies a varying power signal to one or more lighting system components. In certain embodiments, power supply  140  supplies a constant current signal to one or more lighting system components. In a plurality of embodiments, power supply  140  supplies a constant voltage signal to one or more lighting system components. In some embodiments, power supply  140  supplies a varying current signal, to one or more lighting system components. In certain embodiments, power supply  140  supplies a varying voltage signal, to one or more lighting system components. In some embodiments, power supply  140  supplies any combination of one or more alternate or constant current signals, alternate or constant voltage signals and alternate or constant power signals to one or more lighting system  100  components. 
         [0077]    In further reference to  FIG. 1A , light source  110 A may includes any of, or any combination of: a controller  120 , a communicator  125 , master/slave addressor  130  and a power supply  140 . In many embodiments, communicator  125 A of light source  110 A comprises an address  127 A. In a plurality of embodiments, communicator  125 A does not comprise an address  127 A. Light source  110 A, sometimes, comprises a controller  120 A which controls functionality, performance or features of light source  110 A or any other component within the light source  110 A. In many embodiments, light source  110 A comprises a controller  120 A which controls one or more lighting system components. In many embodiments, controller  120 A is any controller  120 . In a plurality of embodiments, communicator  125 A is any communicator  125 . In a number of embodiments, master/slave addressor  130 A is any master/slave addressor  130 . In a plurality of embodiments, power supply  140 A is any power supply  140 . 
         [0078]    Communicator  125 A is illustrated by  FIG. 1A  as a component of light source  110 A. Communicator  125 A may communicate or enable communication with any other components of the lighting system  100 . In a number of embodiments, communicator  125 A is a unit or a device communicating with one or more lighting system  100  components. In some embodiments, communicator  125 A communicates to a plurality of components within light source  110 A. In a number of embodiments, communicator  125 A communicates to other systems or components within any other lighting system component, also referred to as lighting system  100  component. Communicator  125 A, in some embodiments, is used for communication between any components within the light source  110 A or within any other lighting system component. Communicator  125 A, in a number of embodiments, includes an address  127  used to uniquely identify a light source  110 A in a network  110 . Communicator  125 A, in many embodiments, uses address  127  for communication between two or more lighting system components. In a number of embodiments, communicator  125 A uses address  127  to distinguish which information out of a plurality of information reaching the light source  110  is intended for the light source  110 A. In a plurality of embodiments, communicator  125 A comprises address  127  which is used for receiving or transmitting information, communication, commands or instructions between the communicator  125 A and any lighting system component. In many embodiments, communicator  125 A comprises address  127  which is used for receiving or transmitting information, communication, commands or instructions between light source  110 A and any other lighting system component. 
         [0079]      FIG. 1A  also illustrates another component of a light source  110 A, called a master/slave addressor  130 A. A master/slave addressor  130 A comprises any functionality of any master/slave addressor  130 , and vice versa. In many embodiments, master/slave addressor  130 A controls the status of the light source  110 A in relation to other lighting system components. In a number of embodiments, master/slave addressor  130 A receives an instruction from a lighting system component and sets a status of a light source  110 A to master. In a plurality of embodiments, master/slave addressor  130 A receives an instruction from a lighting system component and sets a status of a light source  110 A to a slave. In some embodiments, master/slave addressor  130 A sends an instruction to set a status of another lighting system component to a status of a master or a slave. In a plurality of embodiments, master/slave addressor  130 A receives an information from one of a controller  120 A, communicator  125 A, power supply  140 A or a light source  110 A and sets a status of another lighting system component to a master or a slave. In a plurality of embodiments, master/slave addressor  130 A comprises any functionality or embodiments of a controller  120 , and vice versa. In a plurality of embodiments, master/slave addressor  130 A comprises any functionality or embodiments of a communicator  125 , and vice versa. In a number of embodiments, master/slave addressor  130 A comprises any functionality or embodiments of a power supply  140 , and vice versa. 
         [0080]    In addition to light source  110 A,  FIG. 1A  also presents light sources  110 B and  110 C connected to light source  110 A via network  104 . Light source  110 B includes a communicator  125 B, while light source  110 C includes controller  120 C and an address  127 C. Light source  110  may comprise any number of components of the lighting system  100 . Some light sources  110  sometimes comprise all of components of the lighting system  100 , while other light sources  110  do not comprise any of the lighting system  100  components. In some embodiments, light source  110  comprises a plurality of other light sources  110 . In a number of embodiments, a light source  110  comprises an array of light sources  110 . In many embodiments, any of the lighting system  100  components comprise any of the functionality or embodiments of any other lighting system  100  components. In some embodiments, any of the lighting system  100  components comprise any number of any other lighting system  100  components. 
         [0081]      FIG. 1B  uses a block diagram to illustrate other embodiments of environment of a lighting system  100 .  FIG. 1B  depicts a lighting system  100  having a light source  110 A and light source  110 B connected to each other and also connected to a power supply  140  via connections  105 . Each light source  110  includes one or more controllers  120  for controlling features or functionalities of the light source  110 . Light sources  110  also include communicators  125  for communicating to other components of the lighting system  100  or other light sources  110 . The communicators  125  in each of the two light sources  110  include addresses  127 . Addresses  127  comprised by lighting system components are be used, in many configurations, to uniquely identify communications directed to the specific lighting system  100  components. A light source  110  also includes a master/slave addressor  130  for controlling the status of the light source in terms of control within a lighting system  110 . The power supply  140  is connected to one or more light sources  110  and it may be used to provide power or electricity to each of the light sources  110  or any other component within lighting system  100 . Connections  115  connect one or more of components of the lighting system  100  and allow for the transfer of power or communication between the components of the lighting system  100 . 
         [0082]      FIG. 1B  presents a configuration involving light sources  110 A and  110 B connected to each other and a power supply  140 . In many embodiments, controllers  120 A and  120 B control, adjust, modify or affect light emitted or functionality of light sources  110 A and  110 B, respectively. In some embodiments, light sources  110 A and  110 B receive all of their power, voltage or current from power supply  140 . In some embodiments, light source  110 A has an address  127 A which is different from address  127 B of light source  110 B. In other embodiments, light source  110 A has an address  127 A which is different from address  127 B of light source  110 B. In a number of embodiments, light sources  110 A and  110 B communicate with each other using their addresses  127 . In many embodiments, master/slave addressors  130 A and  130 B control, adjust, monitor, set or reset the master or slave status of light sources  110 A and  110 B, respectively. In a plurality of embodiments, light source  110 A having a master status adjusts the status of a light source  110 B to a status of a master or a slave. In numerous embodiments, light source  110 A having a master status controls, adjusts or modifies the functionality of a light source  110 B having a status of a slave. In a number of embodiments, light source  110 B having a master status adjusts the status of a light source  110 A to a status of a master or a slave. In some embodiments, light source  110 A having a master status controls, adjusts or modifies the functionality of a light source  110 B having a status of a slave. In a number of embodiments, light source  110 A having a master status controls, modifies, affects or governs functionality, performance or light emitted from light source  110 B. In a plurality of embodiments, light source  110 B has a status of master and a light source  110 A has a status of a slave, and light source  110 B controls, modifies, affects or governs functionality, performance or light emitted from light source  110 A. 
         [0083]    Still referring to  FIG. 1B , power supply  140  may sometimes comprise an address  127 C which is different than address  127 A and address  127 B. In a plurality of embodiments, address  127 C of power supply  140  is used by the power supply  140  to communicate with light source  110 A and  110 B. In a number of embodiments, address  127 C is used for communication between light sources  110 A and  110 B and power supply  140 . Addresses  127 C, for example, may be used to distinguish information, data or commands directed to the power supply  140  from the information, data or commands directed to light sources  110 A and  110 B. In many embodiments, light sources  110 A and  110 B and power supply  140  are connected in any electrical connection configuration. In some embodiments, lighting system  100  components are connected in series, in parallel or in a combination of series and parallel configurations. In some embodiments, information transmitted between lighting system components comprises an address  127  of a specific lighting system  100  component the transmitted information is intended for. In some embodiments, light sources  110 A and  110 B and power supply  140  are connected in series and information transmitted comprising an instruction, a command or data is accessible to all three lighting system  100  components while the address  127  within the information transmitted defines which of the lighting system  100  components is the information addressed to. 
         [0084]    In some embodiments, light source  110 A transmits an information via connection  105  which connects light source  110 A with light source  110 B and power supply  140 . The information transmitted by the light source  110 A sometimes comprises instructions, commands, data and an address  127 B. The communicator  125 B of the light source  110 B may receive the address  127 B from the transmitted information and confirm that it matches with address  127 B of the communicator  125 B. The communicator  125 B, in response to the confirmed match, then may receive the entire transmitted information. 
         [0085]    In many embodiments, master/slave addressor  130  performs all functionality of a communicator  125 , or vice versa. In a number of embodiments, light source  110  performs all functionality of a master/slave addressor  130  or a communicator  125 , and vice versa. In a plurality of embodiments, any lighting system  100  components performs any functionality of any other lighting system  100  component, and vice versa. In many embodiments, any subcomponent of a lighting system  100  component performs any functionality of any other lighting system  100  component, and vice versa. In certain embodiments, any subcomponent of a lighting system  100  component performs any functionality of any other subcomponent of a lighting system  100  component, and vice versa. 
         [0086]    Referring now to  FIG. 1C  embodiments of systems and methods for digital communication of lighting system components is illustrated.  FIG. 1C  presents light sources  110 A,  110 B and  110 C connected to each other via connections  105 . Connection  105  is illustrated as a shaded region within which connection  105  components are comprised. In some embodiments, connection  105  is a wire or a cable harness comprising an enclosure enclosing three separate wires or three electrical conducting lines. Each of the three separate wires or conducting lines may sometimes be referred to as connection  105  components.  FIG. 1C  illustrates connection  105  components: connection  105 A, connection  105 B and connection  105 C, as independent conducting lines propagating through the connection  105 . Connection  105 , however, may also be a wireless communication link. In some embodiments, connection  105  is a wireless communication band comprising a number of wireless communication links. Illustrated as separated from each other, connection  105  components are shown as electrically insulated from each other or mutually independent. In some embodiments, however, connection  105  components are not electrically insulated from each other and are not mutually independent.  FIG. 1C  depicts connection  105 A marked with a bold line, a connection  105 B with a dashed line and a connection  105 C illustrated with a thin non-dashed line. Herein, the terms connections  105 A,  105 B and  105 C and the term connection  105  components may sometimes be used interchangeably. 
         [0087]    One or more connections  105  may be used as means for transmitting communication between a plurality of lighting system components, such as light sources  110 A,  110 B and  110 C. In some embodiments, connections  105  connect all of the lighting system components within a lighting system  100 . In a number of embodiments, one or more connection  105  components, such as connections  105 A,  105 B and  105 C connect two or more lighting system  100  components. In many embodiments, all connection  105  components connect two or more lighting system  100  components. In a plurality of embodiments, all connection  105  components connect all of the lighting system  100  components. In many embodiments, connection  105  comprises any number of connection  105  components connecting any number of lighting system  100  components. 
         [0088]    Sometimes, connection  105  components transmit electrical current, voltage or power between two or more lighting system  100  components. In some embodiments, connection  105  comprises one or more connection  105  components transmitting information or communication between two or more lighting system  100  components. In many embodiments, connection  105  comprises one or more connection  105  components which serve as mediums or means for delivering, supplying or transmitting electrical current, power or voltage to one or more lighting system components. In some embodiments, connection  105  comprises one or more connection  105  components which serve as mediums or means for delivering, supplying or transmitting information transmitted between the lighting system  100  components. 
         [0089]    Connection  105  components, such as connections  105 A,  105 B or  105 C are, in many embodiments, means for delivering electrical power, voltage or current together with electronic analog or digital communication signals. In a number of embodiments, one or more connection  105  components are means through which electrical power is delivered to a lighting system  100  component along with analog or digital information or communication. In a plurality of embodiments, two or more lighting system components are connected to each other via one or more connections  105  or one or more components of connections  105 . In some embodiments, connection  105  components are means, paths or mediums through which electrical power, voltage or current is transmitted to a group of lighting system  100  components. Sometimes, connection  105  components are means, paths or mediums through which electrical power, voltage, current or information is transmitted to a lighting system  100 . In a number of embodiments, one or more connection  105  components are means, paths or mediums through which analog or digital information is transmitted between the two or more lighting system components. The connection  105  components may also comprise means, paths or mediums through which wireless information is transmitted between the two or more lighting system components. 
         [0090]    In some embodiments, light source  110 A comprises a power supply  140  and light source  110 A provides electrical power to light source  110 B via one or more connection  105  components. In a number of embodiments, light source  110 A supplies power to light source  110 B via connections  105 A and  105 B, while providing information, such as digital communication for example, via connection  105 C. In a some embodiments, light source  110 A supplies power to light source  110 B via connections  105 A and  105 B while receiving information or communication from light source  110 B. In a plurality of embodiments, light source  110 A communicates with light source  110 C and light source  110 B via connection  105 C. In a number of embodiments, light source  110 A provides electrical power to light sources  110 B and  110 C via connections  105 A and  105 B, while communicating with light sources  110 B and  110 C via connection  105 C. In a number of embodiments, light source  110 A provides electrical power to light sources  110 B and  110 C via connections  105 A and  105 B, while light sources  110 B and  110 C communicate to each other via connection  105 C. In many embodiments, any one or more of light sources  110 A,  110 B and  110 C provide electrical power to any one or more of light sources  110 A,  110 B and  110 C via any one or more of connections  105 A,  105 B, or  105 C while light sources  110 A,  110 B and  110 C communicate to each other via any one of connections  105 A,  105 B or  105 C. 
         [0091]    In a plurality of embodiments, light source  110 A comprises a power supply  140  and provides light sources  110 B and  110 C with electrical power via connections  105 A and  105 B. In some embodiments, light source  110 A comprises a power supply  140  and provides electrical power and communication to light sources  110 B and  110 C via any combination of connections  105 A,  105 B and  105 C. In a number of embodiments, light source  110 A comprises a power supply  140  and provides light sources  110 B and  110 C with electrical power via connections  105 B and  105 C, while light source  110 A communicates with light sources  110 B and  110 C via connections  105 B and  105 A. In a plurality of embodiments, light source  110 B, comprising a power supply  140 , provides light sources  110 A and  110 C with electrical power via connections  105 B and  105 C, while light source  110 A communicates with light sources  110 B and  110 C via connections  105 B and  105 A. In a number of embodiments, any one or more of light sources  110 A,  110 B and  110 C provides electrical power to any one or more of light sources  110 A,  110 B and  110 C via any one or more of connections  105 A,  105 B, or  105 C while light sources  110 A,  110 B and  110 C communicate to each other via any one or more of connections  105 A,  105 B or  105 C. 
         [0092]      FIG. 1D  presents an embodiment of connection  105  comprising connection  105  components used for transmission of electrical power and digital data.  FIG. 1D  illustrates a light source  110 A having a controller  120 A, a communicator  125 A with an address  127 A and a master slave  130 A. Light source  110 A is connected to by connection  105  which comprises connection  105 A, connection  105 B and connection  105 C. Connection  105 A is also labeled as VAC or V+. Connection  105 B is also labeled Ground, which can sometimes be referred to as electrical ground or a ground potential wire. Connection  105 C, in many cases, may be labeled as a neutral, a control, or a control line. 
         [0093]    Connection  105 A, may sometimes be used for transmitting or propagating alternate voltage or voltage varying through time. Sometimes, connection  105  is also used for transmitting or propagating alternate current or power or current or power varying through time. Connection  105 A, in some embodiments, is used for transmission or propagation of a constant voltage which is positive relative to ground. In such cases, the connection  105 A may be labeled V+. In a number of embodiments, connection  105 A is also used for transmission or propagation of a negative voltage potential relative to ground. In a plurality of embodiments, connection  105 A is a medium through which constant power, constant current or constant voltage are propagated or transmitted. Connection  105 B is also labeled Ground, and is sometimes used for transmission or propagation of electrical ground or a ground potential. In some embodiments, connection  105 B is used for same purposes as connection  105 A. In a plurality of embodiments, connection  105 B is used for grounding and has a zero voltage potential relative to ground. In many embodiments, connection  105 B is a medium through which alternate voltage or constant voltage, alternate or constant current or alternate or constant power signals are propagated or transmitted. Connection  105 C is sometimes used as a neutral wire which may have any potential relative to ground, or zero potential relative to ground. Connection  105 C is sometimes used as a control wire or a control line which may have any potential relative to ground, or not have any potential relative to ground. In some embodiments, connection  105 C is a control line used as a medium through which lighting system  100  components send information, controls, signals, commands or instructions among each other. In some embodiments, connection  105 C performs all the functionality of connection  105 A. In a plurality of embodiments, connection  105 C performs all the functionality of connection  105 B. 
         [0094]    Connection  105 C is sometimes used for transmission or propagation of electronic signals. In some embodiments, connection  105 C is a medium or a means for transmitting or propagating a digital electronic signal. In various embodiments, connection  105 C is a control line connecting two or more light sources  110  or any other lighting system components. Sometimes, connection  105 C is a wireless communication link between two or more lighting system  100  components. In a number of embodiments, connection  105 C is a control line or a control wire connecting two or more lighting system  100  components. In a number of embodiments, connection  105 C is a control line used as a medium through which information, instructions, signals or commands are propagated between two or more lighting system  100  components. In a plurality of embodiments, connection  105 C is a medium or means for transmitting or propagating an analog electronic signal. 
         [0095]    In many embodiments, connection  105 C is a medium through which digital or analog information or data is transmitted or propagated. Digital data sometimes comprises a high voltage level and a low voltage level which defines communication transmitted as binary values of 1 or 0, respectively. In some embodiments, a signal comprises a high value, or a 1, which is defined by a predetermined threshold having a predetermined voltage value. The voltage of the signal may cross above the voltage value of the predetermined threshold resulting in the signal having a high value, or a value of 1. In some embodiments, a signal comprises a low value, or a 0, which is defined by a predetermined threshold having a predetermined voltage value. The voltage of the signal may cross below the voltage value of the predetermined threshold resulting in the signal having a low value, or a value of 0. In some embodiments, a signal has only one threshold value defining a low and a high value of the signal, the signals below the threshold value being low, or 0, and signals above the threshold value being high, or 1. In a number of embodiments, digital data transmitted via connection  105 C comprises digital representation of bits. In a plurality of embodiments, digital data transmitted through connection  105 C comprises digital representation of pluralities of bits or bytes. In a number of embodiments, digital data transmitted via connection  105 C comprises square waves, wherein the low value of the square wave equals the low voltage value and the high value of the square wave equals a high voltage value. In many embodiments, digital data transmitted via connection  105 C comprises square waves wherein the low value of the square wave equals zero volts and the high value of the square wave equals any positive voltage value, such as three volts or five volts, for example. 
         [0096]    Connection  105  may comprise any number connection  105  components, such as connection  105 A,  105 B through  105 N where N is any number. Any of connection  105  components of the connection  105  may be a wire, a conductor line, a wireless link, a frequency range for a wireless signal, a fiber optic or any other medium capable of transmitting a signal. Any one of the connection  105  components may comprise a control signal or a return for a control signal. In some embodiments, a connection  105  component is a control line. Sometimes, a connection  105  component is a return line. Sometimes, a connection  105  is a differential line wherein one line of the connection  105  comprises a voltage above a certain threshold and another line of the connection  105  comprises a voltage below a certain threshold. In some embodiments, connection  105  comprises any number of connection  105  components which may be dedicated to transmitting any one or any number of signals from any components of lighting system  100 . 
         [0097]    Digital data, such as data bits  215  may be generated using any device capable of generating signals. Sometimes, a controller  120  or a communicator  125  generates signals which are transmitted to other lighting system  100  components. In many embodiments, a controller  120  receives or processes signals from other devices  110  and generates or sends signals to other devices  110 . In a plurality of embodiments, a communicator  125  receives or processes from other devices  110  and generates or sends signals to other devices  110 . In some embodiments, digital data may be generated using a phase control dimmer for example. In a number of embodiments, a device generating a pulsed waveform may be combined with a circuitry clipping top portions of the waveform and creating digital bits using portions of the clipped waveform. In many embodiments, a device producing a square-wave waveform may be used in conjunction with an electronic circuit which controls or adjusts the waveform to produce bits of digital signal, such as data bits  215  for example. Digital data may be produced or generated using any electronic signal generating device providing means for generating a digital signal having high values corresponding to digital value of 1 (one) and low values corresponding to a digital value of a 0 (zero). In some embodiments, digital signal having high and low values may resemble a square wave having sharp edges. In other embodiments, digital signal may comprise portions of waveforms having rounded edges. 
         [0098]    In some embodiments, connection  105 C is a medium through which pulse width modulated information is propagated. In a number of embodiments, connection  105 C is a medium through which pulse code modulated data is propagated or transmitted. In many embodiments, connection  105 C is a medium through which pulse density modulated data is transmitted or propagated. In a number of embodiments, connection  105 C is a medium through which pulse amplitude modulated data is transmitted or propagated. In some embodiments, connection  105 C is a medium through which pulse position modulated data is transmitted or propagated. In many embodiments, connection  105 C is a medium through which sigma delta modulated data is transmitted or propagated. Connection  105 C may be used as a medium through which any type of an electronic or electrical signal is propagated. The propagated signal may be a digital signal of any modulation, such as frequency or phase modulation, amplitude modulation, pulse width modulation or any other type of modulation available. In some embodiments, any one of connections  105 A,  105 B or  105 C can be used interchangeably with any other connection  105  or any other connection  105  component, such as connections  105 A,  105 B or  105 C. 
       B. Communication Between Lighting System Components 
       [0099]    Referring now to  FIG. 2A , an embodiment of communication between devices  110 A and  110 B is illustrated.  FIG. 2A  depicts devices  110 A and  110 B, also referred to as light sources  110 A and  110 B, connected to each other via connection  105 . Connection  105  may be used by light sources  110 A and  110 B as a medium for transmission of communication between the light sources  110 A and  110 B.  FIG. 2A  also illustrates a signal transmitted and represented as data  210 . Data  210  may be transmitted via a connection  105  and may comprise a plurality of data bits  215 . In some instances, active portions of the signal, such as data bits  215  having high values may define a duty cycle of the signal. Data  210  illustrated in  FIG. 2A  comprises five data bits  215  having high values grouped together. Time Interval  205 , also referred to as a period  205 , is a time interval within which portions of data  210  are transmitted via communication  105 .  FIG. 2A  presents an embodiment showing two time intervals  205 , each time interval  205 , also known as period  205 , having a group of data  210  comprising an equal amount of bits  215  having a high value. Amount of bits transmitted within each time interval  205  may vary between different embodiments or different applications. 
         [0100]    Data  210  may be any information, communication, instruction or data transmitted via connection  105 . In some embodiments, data  210  comprises a digital signal. In a plurality of embodiments, data  210  comprises an analog signal. In some embodiment, data  210  comprises a mix of an analog or a digital signal. In a number of embodiments, data  210  comprises a square wave signal. In many embodiments, data  210  comprises a pulse. In some embodiments, data  210  comprises a pulse width modulated signal or data. In a plurality of embodiments, data  210  comprises a pulse amplitude modulated data or signal. In some embodiments, the data  210  is a wirelessly communicated digital data. In numerous embodiments, data  210  comprises data which is encoded using a binary system and comprises only high values and low values. In some embodiments, high value corresponds to a square-shaped signal whose peak is flat over a period of time and has a value of voltage which is higher than a square-shaped signal of a low value. In a number of embodiments, low value corresponds to a square-shaped wave whose lowest point is flat over a period of time and has a value of voltage which is lower than a square-shaped signal of a high value. 
         [0101]    Duty cycle of a signal may be any ratio or fraction of a time interval  205  in an active state. The active state may be any state of bits of data  210  or any portions of the signal which may have high values or low values. In some embodiments, active state comprises bits of data  210  having high values, or values equivalent to digital value of 1. In other embodiments, active state comprises bits of data  210  having low values, or values equivalent to digital value of 0. Duty cycle may be a ratio of a portion of a time interval  205  for which the signal comprises high values, such as a digital value of 1, to a duration of that same the whole time interval  205 . For example, a duty cycle for a time interval  205  of 1 millisecond may be a ratio of a fraction of the period  205  for which data bits  210  have a value of 1, e.g. for which the signal is high, to the whole duration period of the time interval  205 , e.g. 1 millisecond. In some embodiments, duty cycle is a ratio of time interval  205  for which the signal has low values, or values of 0, to the entire duration of the whole same time interval  205 . In another example, a duty cycle for a time interval  205  of 1 millisecond may be a ratio of a fraction of the period  205  for which data bits  210  have a value of 0, e.g. for which the signal is low, to the whole duration period of the time interval  205 , e.g. 1 millisecond. In a number of embodiments, data  210  comprises bits or portions of signal having high values within a time interval  205 , and the bits or portions of signal having high values within the time interval  205  define a duty cycle of the signal or a duty cycle of the time interval  205 . Sometimes, data  210  comprises bits or portions of signal having low values within a time interval  205 , and the bits or portions of signal having low values within the time interval  205  define a duty cycle of the signal or a duty cycle of the time interval  205 . In some embodiments, duty cycle of a signal within a time interval  205  is defined by a total amount of bits or portions of the signal having high values and transmitted with the time interval  205 , regardless if the portions are separated or bunched together. In many embodiments, duty cycle of a signal within a time interval  205  is defined by a total amount of bits or portions of the signal having low values and transmitted with the time interval  205 , regardless if the portions are separated or bunched together. The duty cycle may include a ratio of a duration of a period  205  for which the signal or communication have a high value to a duration of the entire period  205 . The duty cycle of a period  205  may further include an average value of the signal within the period  205 . 
         [0102]    In a number of embodiments, data  210  is transmitted via connection  105  in respect to the time interval  205 . Sometimes, time interval  205  is a predetermined period of time within which a communication or an information comprising a specified amount of data bits is transmitted over a connection  105 . In some embodiments, time interval  205 , also referred to as period  205 , is a period of time within which a communication or an information comprising an unspecified amount of data bits is transmitted over a connection  105 . In a number of embodiments, data  210  is a predetermined amount of data transmitted between light source  110 A and light source  110 B within a time range defined by the period  205 . In many embodiments, data  210  is an amount of data having a predetermined amount of bits having a high or a low value transmitted through connection  105  within a time range defined by a period  205 . In a plurality of embodiments, data  210  transmitted between devices  110 A and  110 B remains constant for a plurality of periods, or time intervals  205 . In many embodiments, data  210  having portions having a high value may remain constant through a plurality of time intervals  205 . In many embodiments, data  210  transmitted between devices  110 A and  110 B in a first period  205  is different than data  210  transmitted between light sources  110 A and  110 B in a second period  205 . In some embodiments, data  210  transmitted between light sources  110 A and  110 B via connection  105  has a constant amount of bits through plurality of periods  205 . Sometimes, data  210  transmitted between devices  110 A and  110 B via connection  105  has a constant amount of bits having a high value through plurality of periods  205 . In a number of embodiments, data  210  transmitted between devices  110 A and  110 B via connection  105  has a constant amount of bits having a low value through plurality of periods  205 . In a number of embodiments, data  210  transmitted between devices  110 A and  110 B via connection  105  comprises an amount of bits transmitted within a first period  205  which is different than the amount of bits transmitted within a second period  205 . Data  210  transmitted between devices  110 A and  110 B may also comprise an amount of bits having a high value transmitted within a first time interval  205  different than the amount of bits having a high value transmitted within a second time interval  205 . Similarly, data  210  transmitted between devices  110 A and  110 B may also comprise an amount of bits having a low value transmitted within a first time interval  205  different than the amount of bits having a low value transmitted within a second time interval  205 . 
         [0103]    In a number of embodiments, time interval  205 , or a period  205 , is a predetermined period or a duration of time. In a plurality of embodiments, period  205  is constant period or a duration of time. In many embodiments, period  205  is a changing or undetermined period of time. In many embodiments, period  205  is a period of time or a duration of time determined by data  210 . In a plurality of embodiments, period  205  is a period of time or a duration of time determined by one or more data bits  215 . In many embodiments, period  205  is a period of time or a duration of time determined by light source  110 A. In some embodiments, period  205  is a period of time or a duration of time determined by light source  110 B. In many embodiments, period  205  is period of time or a duration of time determined by any lighting system  100  component. In a plurality of embodiments, period  205  is a period of time or a duration of time determined by a clock or a circuit. In some embodiments, period  205  is a period of time within which a predetermined amount of information such as one or more bits  215  is transmitted. 
         [0104]    In a number of embodiments, lighting system  100  component receiving information or a signal determines period  205  based on the statistics of previous periods  205 . In a plurality of embodiments, lighting system  100  component receiving information or a signal anticipates a next period  205  based on the duration of a previous period  205 . In many embodiments, lighting system  100  component receiving information or a signal anticipates a period  205  based on an algorithm which uses durations of previous periods  205  to determine the next period  205 . In a number of embodiments, lighting system  100  component receiving information or a signal anticipates a period  205  based on a weighted statistics of recently arrived periods  205  or cycles of information. In many embodiments, one or more lighting system  100  components maintains statistics such as average data bits per period  205 , tolerance for variation of a period  205 , or duration of periods  205 . In some embodiments, statistics relating periods  205  or data bits  215  maintained by one or more lighting system  100  components are used to anticipate or predict the next period  205 . 
         [0105]    In some embodiments, time interval  205 , or a period  205 , is a period of time determined by an event or a signal. In a plurality of embodiments, a first period  205  is immediately followed by a second period  205  and a time duration of the first period  205  is different from a time duration of the second period  205 . In many embodiments, a first period  205  is immediately followed by a second period  205  and a time duration of the first period  205  is the same as the time duration of the second period  205 . In a number of embodiments, a number of data bits  215  transmitted via connection  105  within a period  205  is predetermined. In a plurality of embodiments, a number of data bits  215  transmitted within a first period  205  is same as a number of data bits  215  transmitted within a second period  205 , the second period immediately following the first. In many embodiments, a number of data bits  215  transmitted within a first period  205  is different from a number of data bits  215  transmitted within a second period  205 , the second period immediately following the first. In some embodiments, time duration of period  205  in a first connection  105  component, such as connection  105 B, is different from a time duration of a period  205  in a second connection  105  component, such as connection  105 C. In many embodiments, time duration of a period  205  relating an information transmitted by a first connection  105  component is the same as a time duration of a period  205  relating an information transmitted by a second connection  105  component. In some embodiments, one or more connection  105  components do not have a period  205 . 
         [0106]    Referring now to  FIG. 2B  another embodiment of communication between devices  110 A and  110 B is illustrated.  FIG. 2B  presents devices  110 A and  110 B connected to each other via connection  105 . Connection  105  is used by the devices  110 A and  110 B as a medium of communication between the light sources  110 A and  110 B.  FIG. 2B  also illustrates data  210  transmitted via connection  105 . In comparison to the embodiment illustrated by  FIG. 2A , the embodiments illustrated in  FIG. 2B  shows data bits  215  spread out through the time interval, or the period  205 . Time intervals  205  and an amount of  215  data bits having a high value in each time interval  205  remain the same in the embodiments depicted  FIG. 2A  and  FIG. 2B , illustrating a same or a similar duty cycle for both embodiments. Some data bits  215 , however, are also marked as instruction bits  220 , and may be used for a variety of communication related purposes, such as instructions or commands. 
         [0107]    Still referring to  FIG. 2B , data bits  215  are spread out through the period  205 . First period  205 , in some embodiments, comprises data bits  215  spaced out differently than data bits  215  in second period  205 , the second period  205  immediately following the first period  205 . In many embodiments, first period  205  comprises data bits  215  having a high or a low value spaced out differently than data bits  215  in second period  205  having a high or a low value, the second period  205  immediately following the first period  205 . When two periods comprise a same amount of data bits  215  having a high value, which includes instruction bits  220 , then the two periods may have a same duty cycle. Similarly, when two periods comprise a same amount of data bits  215  having a low value, which includes instruction bits  220 , then the two periods may also have a same duty cycle. 
         [0108]    Sometimes, data bits  215  may be transmitted within a specific time range within period  205 . In many embodiments, some data bits  215  having a high or a low value are transmitted outside of a specific time range within period  205  and other data bits  215  are transmitted within the specific time range within period  205 . In a plurality of embodiments, data bits  215  having a high or a low value are transmitted outside of a specific time range within period  205 . In many embodiments, a specific time range within period  205  is predetermined by any lighting system  100  component. In a plurality of embodiments, a specific time range is always within a same time period for any period  205 . In many embodiments, a specific time range within a first  205  period is within a different time period than a second specific time range of a second  205  period, the second period  205  immediately following the first period  205 . 
         [0109]    Referring now to  FIG. 2A  and  FIG. 2B  together, combinations of two embodiments of communication between light sources  110 A and  110 B are discussed. In  FIG. 2A  data bits  215  having a high value are sequentially combined together and data  210  therefore resembles a periodic square wave having high value during a first portion of period  205  and a low value during the remainder of period  205 . In some embodiments, a first bit  215 , which may or may not be instruction bit  220 , of data  210  within period  205  triggers or causes the period  205  to start. In many embodiments, a first bit  215 , which may or may not be instruction bit  220 , of data  210  within period  205  is aligned with period  205 . In some embodiments, one or more lighting system  100  components uses the first bit  215  of data  210  within period  205  to define the beginning of a new period  205 . In a number of embodiments, one or more lighting system  100  components uses the last bit  215  of data  210  within period  205  to define beginning or end of period  205 . In many embodiments, one or more lighting system components uses one or more bits  215  of period  205  to define a specific part of period  205 . In some embodiments, communication or information between one or more lighting system components is transmitted within the specific part of period  205  defined by one or more bits  215  of period  205 . In embodiments in which data  210  or data bits  215  or  220  are transmitted wirelessly, periods  205 ,  305  or  315  may be periods of time within which an amount of data is wirelessly transmitted. 
         [0110]    In a plurality of embodiments, one or more lighting system  100  components use one or more bits  215  or  220  of data  210  within a period  205  to synchronize communication, transmission of communication or information transmitted via connection  105 . In many embodiments, one or more lighting system  100  components use one or more bits  215  or  220  of data  210  within a period  205  to specify a timing within period  205  within which communication or information between two or more lighting system  100  components is transmitted. In a plurality of embodiments, one or more lighting system  100  components communicate information within a part of a period  205  which is defined by one or more bits  215  or  220  of data  210  within the period  205 . In many embodiments, one or more bits  215  or  220  within period  205  are used to identify a specific time period within any of a plurality of  205  periods, wherein the specific time period is a period within which communication between two or more lighting system  100  components takes place. In some embodiments, one or more bits  215  or  220  within period  205  are used to identify a specific time period within any of a plurality of concatenated  205  periods. The specific time period is sometimes designated for communication between two or more lighting system  100  components. 
         [0111]      FIGS. 2A and 2B  illustrate an embodiment wherein information relating intensity of light sources  110 A and  110 B is transmitted over a connection  105 . In some embodiments, light source  110 A is sending information, status, instruction or command to light source  110 B regarding intensity of light emitted by light source  110 A. In many embodiments, light source  110  may be sending any information including information relating: humidity of a room, temperature of a light source  110 , temperature of a room, presence of a person in a room, intensity of a light, color of a light or more. In many embodiments, light source  110 A is sending information, status, instruction or command to light source  110 B regarding intensity or color of light emitted by light source  110 B. In a some embodiments, light source  110 B is sending information, status, instruction or command to light source  110 A regarding temperature or any other characteristic relating specifically to light source  110 A. In many embodiments, light source  110 B is sending information, status, instruction or command to light source  110 A regarding intensity of light emitted by light source  110 B. 
         [0112]    In some embodiments,  FIG. 2A  depicts an embodiment wherein light source  110 B is sending five  215  bits having a high value or a value of 1, to light source  110 . The five  215  bits communicated within period  205  having a high value, in some embodiments, specifies an amount of intensity light source  110 A should emit. In many embodiments, the amount of bits  215  within a period  205  having a high value, or a value of 1, is proportional to the intensity of light to be emitted. In a number of embodiments, an instruction comprising an amount of bits  215  having a high value of a value of 1, within a period  205  specifies an intensity a light source  110  receiving the instruction should emit. In a number of embodiments, the higher the proportion of bits  215  having a high value within a period  205 , the higher the intensity of the light to be emitted. In a plurality of embodiments, an amount of bits transmitted by light source  110 B to light source  110 A signifies an instruction for light source  110 A to emit a specific intensity of light as specified by the amount of bits  215  or  220  transmitted. In a number of embodiments, bits transmitted by light source  110 B to light source  110 A signify an instruction for light source  110 A to emit a specific intensity of light as specified by the bits transmitted. 
         [0113]    In many embodiments, a total amount of bits  215  having a high value within a period  205 , transmitted by light source  110 B to light source  110 A, is an instruction for light source  110 A to emit. In many embodiments, a total amount of bits  215  having a low value within a period  205 , transmitted by light source  110 B to light source  110 A, is an instruction for light source  110 A to emit. In a plurality of embodiments, amount of data bits  215  having a value of 1 within a period  205  transmitted by light source  110 B indicates or signifies intensity of light source  110 A. In some embodiments, amount of data bits  215  having a value of 0 within a period  205  transmitted by light source  110 B indicates or signifies the intensity of light source  110 A. 
         [0114]    In  FIG. 2A  light source  110 B transmits five bits  215  within each period  205 , wherein the five bits specifies intensity with which light source  110 A should emit light.  FIG. 2A  also illustrates five bits  215  of data  210  within period  205  positioned at the beginning of each period  205 . In many embodiments, all bits  215  positioned at the beginning of period  205  specify intensity of light but do not carry any additional information. In a number of embodiments, five bits  215  positioned at the beginning of period  205  specify the beginning of a period  205 . 
         [0115]    In  FIG. 2B , five bits  215  are spread out within period  205 , wherein first two bits  215  are at the beginning of each period  205  and remaining bits  215 , also referred to as instruction bits  220 , are spread out within a latter portion of period  205 . In many embodiments, wherein the instruction bits  220  are spread out within a latter portion of period  205 , the instruction bits  220  signify information which is not related to intensity of light. In many embodiments, wherein the instruction bits  220  are spread out within a latter portion of period  205 , the instruction bits  220  signify information which are related to intensity of light as well as another information transmitted to the lighting system component. In a plurality of embodiments, wherein the instruction bits  220  are spread out within a latter portion of period  205 , the instruction bits  220  signify an instruction to one or more lighting system  100  components. In many embodiments, wherein the instruction bits  220  are spread out within a latter portion of period  205 , the instruction bits  220  are information transmitted to one more lighting system  100  components. In some embodiments, instruction bits  220  are bits  215  spread out through any part or portion of a period  205 . In many embodiments, instruction bits  220  are bits  215  performing a specific task. In a variety of embodiments, instruction bits  220  are bits  215  are data  210  emitted by a lighting system  100  component which sends an information within a specific time frame within period  205 . In many embodiments, instruction bits  220  are data  210  emitted within any one or more sections or portions of period  205 . 
         [0116]    In many embodiments, data bits  215  spread out within a latter portion of period  205  are referred to as the instruction bits  220 . In a number of embodiments, data bits  215  spread out within a first portion of period  205  are referred to as the instruction bits  220 . Instruction bits  220 , in some embodiments form an address of a lighting system  100  component. In many embodiments, instruction bits  220  form a command or an instruction addressed to a specific lighting system  100  component to change status from master to slave. In a plurality of embodiments, instruction bits  220  are a part of an instruction or a command addressed to a specific lighting system  100  component to change status from slave to master. In many embodiments, instruction bits  220  form an instruction addressed to a specific lighting system  100  component relating control of the specific lighting system  100  component. In a number of embodiments, instruction bits  220  form an instruction addressed to a specific lighting system  100  component to change a spectral range of light emitted. 
         [0117]    In a plurality of embodiments, instruction bits  220  form an instruction addressed to a specific lighting system  100  component to change, adjust or amend intensity of light emitted. In some embodiments, instruction bits  220  form an instruction addressed to a specific lighting system  100  component to maintain or confirm intensity of light emitted. In many embodiments, instruction bits  220  form an instruction addressed to a specific lighting system  100  component to adjust address  127  of the lighting system  100  component. In numerous embodiments, instruction bits  220  form an instruction addressed to a specific lighting system  100  component to turn the lighting system  100  component on. In some embodiments, instruction bits  220  form an instruction addressed to a specific lighting system  100  component to start emitting light. In numerous embodiments, instruction bits  220  form an instruction addressed to a specific lighting system  100  component to turn the lighting system  100  component off. In some embodiments, instruction bits  220  form an instruction addressed to a specific lighting system  100  component to stop emitting light. In numerous embodiments, instruction bits  220  form an instruction addressed to a specific lighting system  100  component to turn the lighting system  100  component on. In some embodiments, instruction bits  220  form an information, instruction or command addressed to a specific lighting system  100  component to perform a task, an action or an adjustment of any kind. 
         [0118]    In some embodiments, instruction bits  220  are positioned in a very first portion of period  205 . In many embodiments, instruction bits  220  are positioned in central or middle portion of period  205 . In a number of embodiments, instruction bits  220  are positioned in last or final portion of period  205 . In numerous embodiments, instruction bits  220  are transmitted within any portion of period  205  or within a plurality of portions of period  205 . In a number of embodiments, the portion of period  205  within which instruction bits  220  are transmitted remains the same for all periods  205 . In many embodiments, the portion of period  205  within which instruction bits  22  are transmitted varies between periods  205 . 
         [0119]      FIG. 2A  and  FIG. 2B  also illustrate how a lighting system  100  component, in some embodiments, maintains a same light intensity regardless of whether data  210  is in a group or dispersed through period  205 . As illustrated by  FIG. 2A , in some embodiments, light source  110 B transmits an amount of data bits  215  having a high value within a period  205  to light source  110 A to indicate a light intensity light source  110 A should emit light with. In some embodiments, as illustrated by  FIG. 2B , light source  110 B transmits the same amount of data bits  215  having a high value within the period  205  as in  FIG. 2A , while transmitting instruction bits  220  further specifying additional information to light source  110 A. In such embodiments, light source  110 B is sometimes a master sending instructions to a slave light source  110 A. Light source  110 B, in some embodiments, maintains the same intensity of light source  110 A while sending additional information to light source  110 A. The additional information may be any information, such as instructions, commands, settings, calibrations, tasks, actions, statuses or any other information light sources  110 A and  110 B are capable of communicating. 
         [0120]    In some embodiments, it is a position of data bits  220 , or instruction bits  220 , in relation to the period  205  which defines the instruction or information transmitted by instruction bits  220 . In a number of embodiments, instruction bits  220  form or define a digital instruction, such as a digital number, a digital sequence of values or a digital value pattern. In a plurality of embodiments, information comprises data bits  215  which are not instruction bits  220 , wherein data bits  215  are positioned within a specific portion of period  205  and signify intensity of light to be emitted by light source  110  receiving the information. In numerous embodiments, data bits  215  which are not instruction bits  220 , transmitted within a period  205  and comprising both bits  215  and bits  220 , form or define information relating intensity of light to be emitted by a light source  110  receiving the information. In many embodiments, information relating intensity of light to be emitted by the light source  110  is a command or an instruction indicating the intensity of light the light source  110  will emit. In some embodiments, information relating intensity of light to be emitted by the light source  110  is a command or an instruction indicating to turn light source  110  on or off. In some embodiments, instruction bits  220  form or define an information or instruction which is different from an instruction relating intensity of light for a lighting system  100  device. 
         [0121]    In some embodiments, information transmitted by data bits  215  is digital communication information. In a number of embodiments, information transmitted by instruction bits  220  is digital communication information. In a plurality of embodiments, data bits  215  comprise digital communication. In many embodiments, data bits  215  comprise one or more digital values of 0&#39;s and 1&#39;s. In many embodiments, bits  215  are digital communication wherein digital value of 1 is marked by a square wave having a height signifying a digital value of 1 and a square wave having a lack of height signifying a digital value of 0. In many embodiments, height of the square wave is defined by a voltage signal, such as a voltage step or a voltage impulse. In a plurality of embodiments, data bits  215  are digital communication wherein digital value of 0 is marked by a square-like wave having a height and a digital value of 0 is marked by a lack of a square-like wave. In a plurality of embodiments, high to low transition of a digital communication, a wave or an electronic signal indicates or signifies a data bit  210 , a bit  215  or a bit  220 . In a number of embodiments, low to high transition of a digital communication, a wave or an electronic signal indicates or signifies a data bit  210 , a bit  215  or bit  220 . In a plurality of embodiments, a missing, or a lack of, high to low transition of a digital communication, a wave or an electronic signal indicates or signifies a data bit  210 , a bit  215  or a bit  220 . In a number of embodiments, a missing, or a lack of, low to high transition of a digital communication, a wave or an electronic signal indicates or signifies a data bit  210 , a bit  215  or bit  220 . 
         [0122]    Duty cycle of period  205 , in some embodiments, is defined as amount of data bits  215  having a value of 1 within a period  205 . Duty cycle of period  205 , in other embodiments, is defined as amount of data bits  215  having a value of 0 within a period  205 . Duty cycle of period  205 , in many embodiments, is defined as amount of data bits  215  having any value. In many embodiments, duty cycle of period  205  signifies or defines intensity light source  110  should emit light with. In a number of embodiments, light source  110 B with a master status transmits information to light source  110 A with a slave status, wherein duty cycle of period  205  of the transmitted information signal, signifies or defines intensity instructions for light source  110 A. Light source  110 A, in some embodiments, in response to the duty cycle of period  205  of the transmitted information signal adjusts, changes or amends intensity of the light emitted. Light source  110 A, in a number of embodiments, in response to the duty cycle of period  205  of the transmitted information signal maintains or remains unchanged intensity of the light emitted. In many embodiments, duty cycle of a signal or an information is related to the intensity of the light to be emitted by a light source  110  receiving the signal or the information. In a plurality of embodiments, duty cycle of a signal or an information is proportional to the intensity of the light to be emitted by a light source  110  receiving the signal or the information. In many embodiments, duty cycle of a signal or an information is inversely proportional to the intensity of the light to be emitted by a light source  110  receiving the signal or the information. 
         [0123]    In some embodiments, a duty cycle may be comprised within a time interval of a signal transmitted between two or more lighting system components. The duty cycle within a time interval may be ratio or a fraction of a duration of time within which signal has a certain value to the entire duration of the time interval  205 . In some embodiments, the duty cycle is a duration of time within a time interval  205  for which the signal has high values, such as a digital value 1 in digital signals for example, over the entire duration of the time interval  205 . In some embodiments, duty cycle is a fraction of time within a time interval  205  for which the signal has a high value over the entire duration of the time interval  205 . The duty cycle within a time interval, in some embodiments, may be ratio or a fraction of a time within a time interval  205  for which signal is low values, such as a digital value 0 in digital signals for example, over the entire duration of the time interval  205 . In some embodiments, duty cycle is a fraction of time within a time interval  205  for which the signal has a low value over the entire duration of the time interval  205 . Sometimes, the duty cycle may comprise a plurality of portions. Sometimes, each of the portions of the plurality of portions of the duty cycle of the signal may further comprise a duration of the duty cycle. In some embodiments, a duty cycle of a time interval may be a ratio of total amount of time for which the signal within the time interval  205  was high to the total time interval  205  duration. For example, a duty cycle may comprise a duration of time within which a plurality of separated data bits  215  having high values are dispersed within a time interval  205  and separated from each other by portions of time interval  205  which does not comprise high values. Therefore, a duty cycle may be the duty cycle of the entire time interval  205 , regardless of the number of portions of time within the time interval  205  for which signal was high or low and regardless of whether the signal having certain values is separated by portions of the signal having certain other values. 
         [0124]    In some embodiments, a length of a period  205  is adjusted to modulate intensity of a light source  110  receiving the information. In a number of embodiments, a length of a preceding or a succeeding period  205  is adjusted to modulate intensity of a light source  110  receiving the information. Sometimes, an instruction in a preceding period  205  causes a duty cycle of the preceding period  205  to temporarily increase the light intensity. In such embodiments, a period  205  succeeding the preceding period  205  is adjusted to compensate for the duty cycle in the preceding period  205  and maintain intensity or brightness of light to be emitted unchanged. In many embodiments, an instruction in a preceding period  205  causes the duty cycle of the preceding period  205  to temporarily decrease the light intensity. In such embodiments, a period  205  succeeding the preceding period  205  is adjusted to compensate for the duty cycle in the preceding period  205  and adjust the duty cycle in the succeeding period  205  to maintain intensity or brightness of light to be emitted unchanged or as intended. In a number of embodiments, lighting system  100  component transmitting or sending information or communication to another lighting system  100  component maintains a queue of data to be sent. In a number of embodiments, period  205  or amount of data bits  215  or instruction bits  220  is adjusted or changed to compensate for the information queued. 
         [0125]    In a plurality of embodiments, lighting system  100  comprises one or more lighting system  100  components, such as light source  110 , receiving, reading, interpreting or understanding information transmitted via data bits  215  or instruction bits  220 . In many embodiments, lighting system  100  comprises one or more lighting system  100  components not receiving, reading, interpreting or understanding information transmitted via data bits  215  or instruction bits  220 . In some embodiments, lighting system  100  comprises one or more lighting system  100  components receiving, reading, interpreting or understanding duty cycle of a period  205 . In many embodiments, lighting system  100  comprises one or more light sources  110  which in response to understanding duty cycle of period  205  adjust intensity of the one or more light sources  110 . In some embodiments, lighting system  100  comprises one or more light sources  110  which in response to understanding duty cycle of period  205  maintain intensity of the one or more light sources  110 . 
         [0126]      FIG. 2A  and  FIG. 2B , in some respect, illustrate embodiments of a lighting system  100  wherein duty cycle within any of a plurality of concatenated periods  205  remains equal with or without instruction bits  220 . In such embodiments, light source  110 B controls intensity of light source  110 A by transmitting within any period  205  a duty cycle having a specific time duration. Time duration of a duty cycle may be defined or specified by a number of bits, number of bits having a value 1 or a value 0. In some embodiments, time duration of a duty cycle is defined or specified by a number of bits transmitted within a period  205 . In many embodiments, time duration of a duty cycle is defined or specified by a number of bits having a value of 1 transmitted within a period  205 . In some embodiments, communication or information transmitted using a duty cycle may be referred to as pulse width modulation. 
         [0127]    Referring now to  FIG. 3 , a flow chart of a method for communicating between devices using a duty cycle of a signal is illustrated. In some embodiments,  FIG. 3  also relates to a method for communicating between devices using a duty cycle of a signal while a device maintains operation which is responsive to the duty cycle. In brief overview of method  300 , at step  305  a first device receives a signal comprising a duty cycle within a time interval. The duty cycle may comprise a plurality of portions and each of which may further comprise a duration of the duty cycle. At step  310  the first device operates responsive to the duty cycle. At step  315  the first device detects an instruction identified by at least one portion of the duty cycle. At step  320  the first device performs a function based on the instruction while the first device maintains operating responsive to the duty cycle. At step  325  the first device receives a second signal comprising a second duty cycle within a second time interval. The second duty cycle of the second signal may comprise a plurality of portions and each of the plurality of portions of the second duty cycle of the second signal may further comprise a duration of the second duty cycle. At step  330  the first device operates responsive to the second duty cycle of the second signal. At step  335  the first device detects that at least a portion of the second duty cycle of the second signal comprises a second instruction. At step  340  the first device performs, responsive to the detection, a function based on the second instruction while maintaining operating responsive to the duty cycle of the second signal. 
         [0128]    At step  305  of the method  300  a first device receives a signal comprising a duty cycle within a time interval. In some embodiments, the first device receives a signal from a second device  110 . In many embodiments, the first device receives a plurality of signals from a plurality of devices  110 . In some embodiments, the first device receives a signal from a controller, a switch or a source external to the lighting system  100 . In various embodiments, the first device receives a signal via a wireless link. In a number of embodiments, the first device receives a signal comprising a plurality of duty cycles within a time interval. In various embodiments, the first device receives a signal comprising a plurality of duty cycles within a time interval, the plurality of duty cycles comprising portions of the signal having high values whose sum defines the total duty cycle of the time interval. 
         [0129]    At step  310  the first device operates responsive to the duty cycle. In some embodiments, the first device operates in any manner and at any time, in response to the duty cycle. The first device, also referred to as a device  110 , may perform any operation which is responsive to, or modified by the duty cycle of the signal. In some embodiments, the first device spins a motor and a rotational speed or an acceleration of the motor spin is controlled by the duty cycle. In a plurality of embodiments, the first device operates an engine which performs or runs in response to the duty cycle of the signal. In many embodiments, the first device operates an emission of light having an intensity, wherein the intensity is responsive to, modified by, or related to the duty cycle. Sometimes, the first device emits a light having a specific feature, such as a pulse of light, periodicity of pulse, wavelength of light, phase of light, spectral range of light emitted or even power of light, and any of which may be modulated or be responsive to the duty cycle of the signal. The first device may receive a signal comprising a duty cycle within a time interval  205  of the signal and perform a function or an operation modulated, controlled or instructed by the duty cycle within the time interval  205  of the signal. In some embodiments, the first device operates a second device in response to the duty cycle. In many embodiments, the first device operates a plurality of devices in response to the duty cycle. The plurality of devices may perform as instructed by the duty cycle of the signal received by the first device. In some embodiments, the first device operates based on a threshold or a plurality of thresholds of the duty cycle. The duty cycle may be within or past a threshold point which defines an action or an operation which the first device has to perform. For example, the first device may receive a signal having a duty cycle within a threshold range for which the first device does not perform any function, such as the device is shut off or on standby. In a number of embodiments, the first device receives a signal having a duty cycle within a threshold range for which the first device emits a light at a specific intensity or brightness. In many embodiments, the duty cycle of a signal received is within a threshold range which defines a spin speed of a motor, an intensity range of a light source, a wavelength range of a light source, a power output, a current output, a voltage output, or any other operation by any other device. 
         [0130]    At step  315  the first device detects an instruction identified by at least one portion of the duty cycle. The first device may detect an instruction using any number of components, units or functions capable of detecting, decoding and processing instructions. In some embodiments, the communicator  125  or the controller  120  detects an instruction comprising instruction bits  220 , data bits  215  or any data  210 . In a number of embodiments, the first device detects an instruction using a function, structure or an unit of the first device for intercepting and decoding the instruction. The instruction, in such embodiments, may be a codeword, a number of data bits or a pattern of data bits. In some embodiments, the first device detects an instruction using a detector which detects or decodes the signal. The detector may observe, monitor or detect instructions by monitoring a portion of a signal within a predetermined time interval within the time interval  205 . The detector may observe, monitor or detect instructions by monitoring a data bits  215  or instruction bits  220  of the signal within a predetermined time interval within the time interval  205 . In some embodiments, the first device detects an instruction by receiving, decoding or monitoring any data bits  215 ,  220  or  210  which are within a predetermined portion of a time interval  205  of the signal. In some embodiments, the first device detects an instruction by recognizing, reading or detecting a portion of a signal within a predetermined portion of a time interval  205 , or period  205 . In a plurality of embodiments, the first device detects instructions by observing a specific portion or a specific plurality of portions of the time interval  205  of the signal. In many embodiments, the instruction is detected by the first device which observes a latter portion of the time interval to search for instruction bits. The first device may detect a codeword, a digital pattern or an instruction comprising any number of data bits  215 , which may be positioned within any portion of specific time interval within the time interval  205 . In a variety of embodiments, a portion of the duty cycle of the signal comprises a portion of the instruction. In many embodiments, the first device detects that at least a portion of the duty cycle of the signal comprises a portion of the instruction. 
         [0131]    At step  320  the first device performs a function based on the instruction while the first device maintains operating responsive to the duty cycle. In some embodiments, the first device performs any type and form of function or operation while maintaining operating of the first device responsive to the duty cycle. In some embodiments, the first device performs any type and form of function or operation while maintaining operating of a second device responsive to the duty cycle. In some embodiments, the first device performs any type and form of function or operation while maintaining operating of a plurality of devices responsive to the duty cycle. In some embodiments, the first device performs a function based on the instruction without maintaining operating responsive to the duty cycle. In some embodiments, the first device instructs a second device to perform a function and operates, or maintains operating, of the second device in response to the duty cycle. In some embodiments, the first device was emitting light having an intensity, brightness or pulse frequency as instructed by the previous duty cycle and upon receiving the signal and the duty cycle of the signal, the first device maintains the intensity, the brightness or the pulse frequency of the light emitted as instructed by the duty cycle of the signal. In a variety of embodiments, the first device was operating any one, or any combination of: a light source, a motor, an engine, a power supply or a unit supplying electrical power as instructed by the previous duty cycle as instructed by previous duty cycles, and upon receiving the duty cycle of the signal, the first device maintains operating of the light source, the motor, the engine, the power supply or the unit supplying electrical power of the light emitted as instructed by the duty cycle of the signal. The function may be any action executed upon receiving an instruction, such as for example, turning on or off of a first device. In some embodiments, the function is setting an intensity of the light emitted by the first device. In a plurality of embodiments, the function performed is setting a status, such as a master or a slave status to the first device. In a variety of embodiments, the function performed is processing a communication, data or a command comprised by the instruction. In a number of embodiments, the function is any function or any operation performed by the first device or any device  110 , or any lighting system component described herein. In some embodiments, the first device performs the function based on the instruction and maintains operating of the first device responsive to the duty cycle. Operating may refer to performing operation of any device  110  or any function or operation of any lighting system  100  component described herein. 
         [0132]    At step  325  the first device receives a second signal comprising a second duty cycle within a second time interval. In some embodiments, the first device receives a second signal which is a signal immediately following the signal. In some embodiments, the second duty cycle of the second signal comprises a plurality of portions. Each of the plurality of portions of the second duty cycle of the second signal may further comprise a duration of the second duty cycle. A second signal may comprise any functionality or any characteristics of the first signal. In some embodiments, the second signal is identical or substantially similar to the first signal. In a variety of embodiments, the second signal comprises a second duty cycle which is different than a first duty cycle. In many embodiments, the second duty cycle is the same as the first duty cycle. The plurality of portions of the second duty cycle may comprise any number of data bits  215  comprising any number of digital portions of the signal having high or low values. The second duty cycle may comprise a plurality of portions which are similar or identical to the plurality of portions of the first duty cycle. The plurality of portions may comprise a portion of a time interval  205  within which a signal has a high value for the cases in which high value is the active value of the signal, or low value for the cases in which the low value is the active value of the signal. The second time interval may be same as the time interval or any other previous time interval  205  in the chain of time intervals  205 . In some embodiments, the second time interval is a different time interval than the time interval, or the preceding time interval  205 . In a number of embodiments, the second time interval is a longer period of time than the time interval. In a plurality of embodiments, the second time interval is a shorter period of time than the time interval. 
         [0133]    At step  330  the first device operates responsive to the second duty cycle of the second signal. The first device operating responsive to the second duty cycle of the second signal may be similar to the first device operating responsive to the duty cycle of the signal. In a number of embodiments, the first device operates or performs an operation of the first device or any other device  110  in response to the duty cycle of the signal received. In many embodiments, the second duty cycle of the second signal is different than the duty cycle of the signal. The first device may change or modify the operating of, or operation performed by, the first device, the second device or any device which operates in response to the second duty cycle of the second signal. In a number of embodiments, the first device instructs a second device or a plurality of devices to perform in response to the second duty cycle of the second signal. The operating may comprise emitting a light having a specific brightness, intensity, spectral range or pulse duration. In a variety of embodiments, the operating comprises supplying electricity or power to a component or a plurality of components of the first device or any number of devices  110 , the electricity or power responsive to the duty cycle or the second duty cycle. 
         [0134]    At step  335  the first device detects that at least a portion of the second duty cycle of the second signal comprises a second instruction. The first device may detect the second instruction in a same way as detecting the instruction. In many embodiments, the second instruction is detected differently than the first instruction. In a number of embodiments, the second instruction comprises a number of data bits  215  positioned within a specific time interval within time interval  205 . In a variety of embodiments, a portion of the second duty cycle of the second signal comprises a portion of the second instruction. In many embodiments, the first device detects that at least a portion of the second duty cycle of the second signal comprises a portion of the second instruction. 
         [0135]    At step  340  the first device performs, responsive to the detection, a function based on the second instruction while maintaining operating responsive to the duty cycle of the second signal. In some embodiments, the first device performs a function based on the second instruction without maintaining operating responsive to the second duty cycle. The function may be any action executed upon receiving an instruction. In a number of embodiments, the function is any function or any operation performed by the first device or any other device  110  described herein. In some embodiments, the first device performs the function based on the second instruction and maintains operating of the first device responsive to the second duty cycle. In a variety of embodiments, the first device performs the function based on the second instruction and maintains operating of a second device responsive to the second duty cycle. Sometimes, the first device performs the function by any device  110  based on the second instruction for any device  110  and maintains operating of any device  110  in response to the second duty cycle. In some embodiments, the first device instructs a second device to perform a function and operates or maintains operating of the second device in response to the second duty cycle. Operating may refer to performing operation of any device  110  described herein. 
       C. Status Assignment of Lighting System Components 
       [0136]    Further referring to figures  FIG. 2A  and  FIG. 2B  discussed in the earlier sections,  FIGS. 2A and 2B  further refer to embodiments within which light sources  110  may transmit among each other instructions to assign statuses of masters and slaves. In one example, a first lighting system  100  component, such as a lighting device  110  may have a status of a master. The master first lighting device  110  may transmit a first information using data bits  215  or  220  to a second lighting system  100  component, such as a second lighting device  110 . The second lighting device component having a slave status. The second lighting system  100  component receives the first information and in response to the first information adjusts the status of the second lighting system  100  component to a master status. The second lighting system  100  component having a master status transmits a second information using data bits  215  or  220  to the first lighting system  100  component. The first lighting system  100  component receives the second information and in response to the second information adjusts the status of the first lighting system  100  component to a status of a slave. 
         [0137]    In some embodiments, light source  110 B, having a master status, transmits a first information using data bits  215  or instruction bits  220  to light source  110 A which has a slave status. Light source  110 A receives the first information and in response to the first information adjusts the status of the light source  110 A to a master status. Light source  110 A, having a master status, transmits a second information using data bits  215  or instruction bits  220  to the light source  110 B. Light source  110 B receives the second information and in response to the second information adjusts the status of the first light source  110 B to a slave status. In a number of embodiments, light source  110 A, having a master status, transmits a third information via data bits  215  or instruction bits  220  to a plurality of lighting system components, one of which is light source  110 B. The third information transmitted by light source  110 A comprises address  127 B. The plurality of lighting system components receive the third information and light source  110 B receives the third information. Light source  110 B matches address  127 B within the third information to address  127 B of the light source  110 B. In some embodiments, light source  110 B, in response to the third information, adjusts the status of light source  110 B to a status of a master. In a number of embodiments, light source  110 B, in response to the address  127 B matching the address  127 B of the light source  110 B, adjusts the status of light source  110 B to a status of a master. In a plurality of embodiments, light source  110 B, in response to the received third information and in response to the address  127 B matching the address  127 B of the light source  110 B, adjusts the status of light source  110 B to a status of a master. 
         [0138]    In some embodiments, a plurality of light sources  110 , each having a status of a master or a slave, communicate using a same connection  105  component, such as a wire or an electrical current conducting line. In such embodiments, any of the light sources  110  may become a master or a slave. Sometimes, the plurality of light sources  110  communicating over a same connection  105  component include only a single master, while all other light sources  110  have a status of a slave. In such embodiments, one of the light sources  110  having a status of a slave pulls the voltage potential within the connection  105  component low for a period of time, such as a microsecond, a millisecond or a second. The light source  110  having a status of a master interprets the low voltage signal in the connection  105  component as a signal to change status from master to slave. The light source  110  having a status of a master accepts the status of a slave, and the light source  110  which pulled the voltage potential low accepts the status of a master. Thus the signal across the connection  105  component signals a change in the status of one or more light sources  110  communicating over the same connection  105  component. In some embodiments, the signal that changes the status of one or more lighting system components may be a high voltage potential signal, a low voltage signal, an impulse, a digital pattern, a ground signal, or any other analog or digital signal transmitted over connection  105 . 
         [0139]    In a number of embodiments, when a group of light sources  110  are all off, upon being turned on, each one of the group of light sources  110  turns on with a status of a master. In some embodiments, upon receiving a signal that a light source  110  having a master status, also called a master, already exists, a light source that has just turned on changes its own status to a status of a slave. Thus, when a group of light sources  110  are all turned on at once it is ensured that at least one master exists. In some embodiments, light source  110  upon turning on and automatically changing its own status to a master, the light source  110  listens for a period of time if there is another master on the network. If the light source  110  does not receive any messages that there is another master on the network, the light source  110  remains the master. 
         [0140]    In some embodiments, a lighting system  100  component receiving instruction from a sender assembles received bits  215  from a plurality of periods  205 . In some embodiments, the lighting system  100  component receiving information from a sender parses the bits and bytes of the received information and forms instruction, data or commands. In a plurality of embodiments, lighting system  100  component receiving instruction from a sender interprets the forms instructions, data or commands and implements the same formed instructions, data or commands. 
         [0141]    Therefore, in many embodiments, lighting system  100  components use bidirectional digital pulse width modulated communication to transmit and receive information. Furthermore, in some embodiments, lighting system  100  components use digital pulse width modulated communication to control performance and functionality of one or more lighting system  100  components. Light brightness, also referred to as intensity, in many embodiments is controlled, communicated or instructed using a pulse width modulated communication. In many embodiments, light brightness or intensity is controlled, communicated or instructed using a duty cycle of a period  205 . Pulse width modulated signals may therefore be referred to as transport mechanism of the digital communication between lighting system  100  components. 
         [0000]    D. Lighting System Intensity Control with Digital Patterning and Color Mixing 
         [0142]    Referring back to  FIG. 2A  and  FIG. 2B , embodiments of systems and methods for controlling intensity or brightness of light devices  110  using digital patterns are depicted. A digital pattern may be any order or any formation of data  210 , data bits  215  or instruction bits  220 . A digital pattern may include an order or a formation of a specific number of data bits within a period  205 . Data bits, such as data bits  215 , may include bits having a high value, or a digital value of 1, and a number of data bits having a low value, or a digital value of 0. Data bits may form a duty cycle within the period  205 . The duty cycle formed by the data bits of the digital pattern may identify the intensity or brightness of the light emitted. Duty cycle may be determined by summing up all time durations of the digital patterns for which data bits had high values within the time interval. For example, if the signal comprising a data stream made up of digital patterns has data bits having high values 70 percent of the time within a time interval, the duty cycle for the time interval may be 0.7. The duty cycle may be determined by summing portions of the signal within the time interval for which the signal was high and dividing the signal by the total duration of the time interval. In some embodiments, duty cycle is determined based on a sum of time durations of the signal having low values. 
         [0143]    Data bits  215  may be transmitted via a connection  105  within one or more time intervals  205 . A number of data bits having a value of 1 (and/or a value of zero) within the time interval may determine the intensity of light or brightness of light emitted by the light device  110 . The intensity may be determined for the duration of that time interval. A digital pattern may include an order or a formation of data bits  215  or instruction bits  220  within a predetermined number of concatenated periods  205 . For example, a stream of data bits  215  may be transmitted to a light device  110  within a chain of a predetermined number of periods  205 , such as for example 128 periods  205 . Each period  205  may include a separate digital pattern. A lighting device  110  receiving the data stream may calculate a duty cycle for all of 128 periods  205  using all the digital data patterns within each period. The duty cycle of the 128 periods may indicate the brightness or intensity at which light device  110  will emit. In one instance, duty cycle of 128 periods may be 0.8, indicating that the light device  110  will emit at 80% of it&#39;s maximum brightness. 
         [0144]    A digital pattern may comprise a ratio of high to low values which encode or identify an intensity or brightness of light. The intensity or brightness of light emitted may defined by a total number of bits having a value of 1 within a period of time per a period of time. Digital patterns may include one or more predetermined patterns of data bits  215  that are oriented to have any high value signal to low value signal ratio. In some embodiments, the ratio of high signal to a total duration of period may encode or identify the brightness or intensity. For example, if a period  205  has six bits of data having a value of 1 and two bits of data having a value of zero, the intensity or brightness may indicate 6/8 of maximum intensity or brightness for that period  205 . 
         [0145]    In some embodiments, a digital pattern may identify a specific ratio of bits having high values to bits having low values within a period  205 . A specific ratio may include a duration of time for which a portion of a period  205  includes high values, such as digital bits with a value of 1 divided by the entire time duration of period  205 . Similarly, the specific ratio may include a duration of time for which a portion of the period  205  includes low values having a digital value of zero divided by the entire time duration of period  205 . The specific ratio may identify a duty cycle. The duty cycle may be proportional or inversely proportional to the brightness or intensity of the light emitted. Similarly, the specific ratio of the signal may include a ratio of a duration of time for which signal is high in relation to the duration of time for which the signal is low. An algorithm may be used to identify the intensity or brightness based on the ratio of the duration of time for which the signal is high in relation to the time duration for which the signal is low. A digital pattern may identify or form an average value of the signal within one or more periods  205 . In some embodiments, a digital pattern forms an average value of the bits within a period  205 . The average value of the bits within a period  205  may determine or identify the intensity or brightness of the light emitted. Any of the duty cycle, average signal, and the specific ratios may be formed by digital signals, as well as analog signals, pulses, PWM signals, encoded data bit signals, encoded digital number signals, or any other type and form of signals having at least a high value and a low value. 
         [0146]    A digital pattern may be random or predetermined and may include any number of digital bits of any pattern of format. Digital bits may be formed by a switch or a transistor. The switch or the transistor may transmit high and low signals. The high and low signals may be received by the light devices  110 , and may be processed by filters to determine the specific ratios, average values or the duty cycles. In one example, a digital pattern may include a predetermined total number of data bits of which 10 data bits have a high value within a period  205 . The brightness or intensity of the light emitted by the light device may be determined by dividing 10 bits with the total predetermined number of data bits within the period that can be transmitted within the period  205 . In some embodiments, digital pattern may include a predetermined order of bits. In other embodiments, digital pattern includes a random order of the bits. 
         [0147]    Digital pattern may be altered to accommodate instructions or information transmitted to the light device  110  using instruction bits  220 . For example, if a transmission includes a number of bits having a high value within a period  205 , the digital pattern may add a number of bits that accommodates the already transmitted instruction bits  220  within the period  205 . If transmission bits  220  carry an instruction to the light device  220 , the digital pattern within the same period  205  may include a number of bits determined by subtracting the number of instruction bits having a high value from the originally intended digital pattern bits. Then, a digital pattern that has a number of data bits that is determined by subtracting the number of already sent instruction bits having a high value from the total intended number of data bits having a high value. As such, the number of bits having a high value from the instruction within the period  205  would be included in the overall digital pattern, thereby maintaining the duty cycle unchanged even if an instruction is transmitted within same period  205 . Using this technique, a digital pattern may maintain the intensity or brightness of the light device  110 , while an instruction could be transmitted within the period  205  without affecting the total number of data bits having a high value. In a similar embodiment, in techniques where data bits determining intensity have a low value, a number of bits having the low value would be maintained within the period to accommodate the transmitted instruction. 
         [0148]    In some embodiments, a digital pattern comprises a number of data bits  215  or instruction bits  220  which is equal over all periods  205 . As the data bits are transmitted through a plurality of periods  205 , the lighting device  110  may continuously receive intensity information and instructions via digital patterns of the periods  205 . The digital patterns may instruct the lighting device  110  to emit light at the intensity or brightness indicated by the digital pattern of each period. As periods may include predetermined durations of time a continuous data stream of digital patterns may be received to maintain desired intensity. Each digital pattern may include a predetermined number of data bits or a varying or random number of data bits within each time period. In some embodiments, periods  205  may have a varying number of data bits  215  or instruction bits  220 . As periods  205  may be indicated by a specific signal, such as one or more bits, pause or an impulse, periods  205  may vary in time duration as well as the number of bits transmitted. In some embodiments, digital pattern affects or defines duty cycle of a period  205 . 
         [0149]    A digital pattern of a period  205  may include any number of data bits, such as between 1 and 1024 data bits. In some embodiments, a digital pattern includes more than 1024 data bits within a period  205 . In further embodiments, a digital pattern includes between 4 and 512 data bits, such as 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 24, 32, 48, 64, 96, 128, 256 and 512 data bits. In one example, eight data bits  215  may be transmitted within a period  205 . An 8-bit digital patterning for generating the digital pattern may include any number of sequences or distinct digital patterns of any variation of 8 bits. In some embodiments, a digital pattern includes a single bit having a high value, or a value of 1, and seven remaining bits within the period  205  having a low value or a value of zero. In these embodiments, duty cycle of the period  205  may be ⅛. In some embodiments, a digital pattern includes two out of eight bits having a high value or a bit having a value of 1, and six remaining bits having a value of zero or a low value. In these embodiments, duty cycle may be ¼. In still further embodiments, a digital pattern may include 4 bits of high value and 4 bits of low value. In these embodiments, duty cycle may be ½. These bits may be ordered in a predetermined fashion to maintain a desired duty cycle. In some embodiments, digital patterns are randomized while maintaining the desired duty cycle. For example, a duty cycle of ½ may be generated by an 8-bit digital pattern of 01010101, 00001111, 11001100, 01100110 or any other digital pattern having 4 high bits and 4 low bits within a period  205 . Similarly, any digital patterns may be generated, including five, six, seven or eight bits having high values. As period  205  may include any number of bits, such as a total of 16 bits, a digital pattern may have any number of variations to accommodate any number of bits. In the example of a digital pattern for a 16 bit period  205 , a duty cycle of 15/16 may be implemented by a pattern of 0111111111111111, 1110111111111111, 1111111101111111, 1111111111111101, or any other configuration of the similar kind Such concepts may apply to embodiments of digital patterns of any number of bits  215  within a period  205 , such as a 4 bit digital pattern, 6 bit digital pattern, 8 bit digital pattern, 10 bit digital pattern, 12 bit digital pattern, 16 bit digital pattern, 24 bit digital pattern, 32 bit digital pattern, 64 bit digital pattern or a digital pattern comprising any number of data bits within one or more periods  205 . 
         [0150]    A digital pattern may also include a numbering format or a code. In some embodiments, a digital pattern includes a data bits identifying a number. For example, a digital pattern may include code 0001 identifying the number 1, 0010 identifying a number 2, 0100 identifying a number 4 or a 1000 identifying a number 8. In further embodiments, a digital pattern may include code 0101 identifying a number 5 or a 1010 identifying a number 10. The light source  110  may receive the codes and interpret the numbers accordingly. The light source may determine a value of 10 to mean an intensity of 10/16 of the maximum intensity of the light for the lighting device. In some embodiments, the light source may determine the value of 10 to mean a level 10 of a total of 16 levels of intensity for the light emitted. Similarly, a digital pattern may include any type and form of code that may be mapped, encoded, decoded or interpreted by the light source  110  to identify a brightness or intensity of the light emitted. 
         [0151]    Referring now to  FIGS. 4A-B  embodiments of a digital pattern having a smaller number of bits within a period  305  is illustrated.  FIGS. 4A-B  illustrate digital data transmitted between light sources  110 A and  110 B divided into periods  305 , each of which includes 8 bits of data. Period  305  include a period of time within which 8 bits of data  215  are transmitted, sent or received by lighting device  110 . Similarly, period  305  may be modified so that any number of data bits are transmitted within the period  305 , such as 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 24, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512 or any other number of data bits. In some embodiments, period  305  is a period  205 . In further embodiments, period  305  is a duration of time within which 8 bits are transmitted. In still further embodiments, a period  205  includes a plurality of periods  305 . A period  305  may include a number of bits of data one or more lighting system  100  components use or receive in a single instruction or a single instruction set. Periods  205  or  305  may have any duration of time between 1 microsecond and 100 seconds. Periods  205  or  305  may include one or more durations of time, such as 0.1 microsecond, 1 microsecond, 10 microseconds, 50 microseconds, 100 microseconds, 1 millisecond, 10 milliseconds, 50 milliseconds, 0.1 seconds, 0.2 seconds, 0.5 seconds, 1 second, 10 seconds or a 100 seconds. In some embodiments, 8-bit period  305  is a period of time defined by, determined by, or corresponding to a duration of time within which lighting system  100  components communicated via connection  105  transmit 8 bits of data  210 . In some embodiments, period  305  is a period of time defined by, determined by, or corresponding to a duration of time within which lighting system  100  components communicated via connection  105  receive any predetermined number of data bits, such as 8, 16, 24, 32, 48, 64, 96, 128, 256, or 512. Periods  305  may include same or different durations of time. In some embodiments, some periods  305  are longer or shorter than other periods  305 . In further embodiments, all periods  305  are of a same predetermined length of time. Each period  305  may include a same predetermined number of data bits. In some embodiments, some periods  305  include a number of data bits that is different than the number of data bits of another period  305 . A period  205  may include a predetermined number of periods  305 . For example, a period  205  may include a duration of time within which a predetermined number of periods  205  is enclosed. Each period  205  may include a digital pattern having any number of bits. In some embodiments, some periods  305  of a period  205  may have different average value of the data bits within the period  205  from the average values of data bits of other periods  305  of the same period  205 . Similarly, some periods  305  of a period  205  may include a different number of data bits having a high value from a number of data bits having a high value within other periods  305  of the same periods  205 . As such, a total duration of time for which the signal has a high value within a period  305  may vary from other periods  305  of the same period  205 . A ratio of a duration of time within which the signal has a high value per a total duration of a period  305  may be also referred to as the duty cycle of the period  305 . Duty cycles of some periods  305  of a period  205  may differ from the duty cycles of other periods  305  of the same period  205 . 
         [0152]    In one example, a period  205  may include 128 periods  205  each of which further includes an 8 bit digital pattern. The period  205  along with all the bits from each of the periods  305  within the period  205  may form or identify a specific ratio of a number of bits having a high value to a number of bits having a low value within the period  205 . The period  205  may have a duty cycle determined by a total duration of time within the period  205  for which the signal is high (or for which the bits have a value of 1) divided by the total duration of time of the period  205 . The duty cycle of the period  205  may be used to scale the maximum intensity or brightness of the light emitted by the light source  110  to the desired intensity. A new period  205  immediately following the period  205  may identify another duty cycle for a changed or modified intensity or brightness. The light source may modify the light intensity emitted based on the new duty cycle for the new period  205 . Should the light source  110  receive an instruction or a command within one or more periods  305  of a period  205 , digital patterns of other periods  305  within the period  205  may be modified by the pattern generator of the communicator  125  of the sender to maintain the desired intensity for the light source  110  at a predetermined level. Using the real time update via a stream of bits divided into periods  305  within a period  205 , light devices  110  may receive real-time updated intensity or brightness while receiving instructions or commands for other functions or purposes of the light device  110 . 
         [0153]    Still referring to  FIGS. 4A-B , an embodiment of a digital pattern determining intensity or brightness via a period  315  for a 16-bit transmission is illustrated.  FIGS. 4A-B  illustrate a light source  110 A connected to light source  110 B via connection  105 . Connection  105  transmits information or communication transmitted between light sources  110 A and  110 B.  FIG. 4B  illustrates embodiments where digital data transmitted between light sources  110 A and  110 B divided into 8-bit periods  305  and 16-bit periods  315 . In some embodiments, 8-bit period  305  may be modified to accommodate a 16-bit period  315  for a finer control of the brightness and intensity range. As such, instead of dividing the total brightness in 8 shades of brightness, the brightness intensity may be divided into 16 shades, or any other number of shades. In this example, a 16-bit period  315  is a period  205  whose time length is tailored to allow transmission of 16 bits of data  215  within the period  205 . 
         [0154]    The plurality of periods  305  or periods  315  within a period  205  may include any digital pattern. In one example, a period  305  of a period  205  may have 4 bits having a high value and 4 bits having a low value, while another period  305  from the same period  205  may include 8 bits having a high value and no bits having a low value. Duty cycles of periods  305 , average values of signal within the period  305  or specific ratios of the high to low bits within periods  305  may vary while the overall duty cycle, average value or specific ratio of the period  205  as a whole may be maintained at a particular predetermined level. In further example, a period  205  comprising 50 periods  305  may include one or more periods comprising instructions and commands for the light device  110 . The periods  305  within which the instructions were transmitted may have duty cycles altered from other duty cycles. (Duty cycles of periods  305  may be defined as durations of time for which the signal had a high value divided by the total duration of time of period  305 ) A pattern generator of the communicator  125  sending the data bits to the light device  110  may compensate for the transmitted instructions by increasing or decreasing the number of data bits having a high value in order to maintain the intensity or brightness of the entire period  205  at a predetermined level. The pattern generator may keep a track of the number of data bits having a high value within a period  205 . As instructions and commands are transmitted to the light device  110 , pattern generator of the communicator  125  of the sender may determine how many data bits having a high value need to be added in the periods  305  following the periods  305  that included the instructions. By keeping track of the overall number of data bits  215  within a period  205 , intensity and brightness may remained controlled by the number of data bits having a high value even when the instructions are transmitted within the period  205 . 
         [0155]    In some embodiments, lighting system  100  components, such as light source  110 B and light source  110 A, communicate using data bits  215 , instruction bits  220  or a combination of data bits  215  and instruction bits  220 . The light devices  110  may receive real time adjustments for the brightness or intensity for each light source  110  via the stream of data bits per each receiving period  205 . Sometimes, lighting system components using 8-bit periods  305  are capable of transmitting or receiving information twice as fast. In such embodiments, lighting system components, such as light sources  110 A and  110 B 16 bit send or transmit a 16-bit digital pattern within an 8 bit period. In further embodiments, light source  110 B communicates with light source  110 A transmitting or receiving information within 8-bit periods  305 . In many embodiments, light source  110 B transmits a 16-bit digital pattern comprising data bits  215  or instruction bits  220  within an 8-bit period  305  to light source  110 A. Light source  110 A receives 16-bit digital pattern within the 8-bit period  305  and in response to the received 16-bit digital pattern adjusts, changes or maintains the intensity of the light emitted by the light source  110 A. 
         [0156]    Duration of periods  205 ,  305  or  315  may be adjusted to affect intensity. In some embodiments, periods  205 ,  305  or  315  are increased or decreased to modulate average intensity of a light source  110  receiving the information. In some embodiments, preceding periods  305  or  315  are increased or decreased and succeeding periods  305  or  315  are adjusted accordingly to maintain a desired intensity over a  205  period. 
         [0157]    Digital patterns comprising any number of bits may have duty cycles of periods  205 ,  305  or  315 , defined by a number of bits having values of 1 or 0. In many embodiments, two different digital patterns comprising a same total number of bits within a period, such as period  205 ,  305  or  315 , may have a same or a different duty cycle. The duty cycle of a period may be determined by a ratio of the number of bits having a high value to the number of bits having a low value of that same period. Duty cycle of a period may also be determined by summing up all durations of time for which the signal (data bits) had a high value and divide this sum of the durations of time with a total duration of time of the period. Duty cycle may also be determined by taking an average value of all portions of the signal (bits having a high value and bits having a low value). Duty cycle may be used to identify or determine the brightness or the intensity of the light emitted. The light device  110  may include a filter within a controller  120  or a communicator  125  that determines the duty cycle and controls the brightness or intensity of the light emitted. The filter may determine the duty cycle of each period  205  by counting the instructions from within the period  205 . In some embodiments, the filter of the controller  120  or the communicator  125  of the receiving light source  110  may determine the duty cycle of the period  205  while not including the instructions within the period  205 . 
         [0158]    Digital patterns within periods  305 ,  315  and  205  may be used to control light intensity or color mixing of light sources  110  emitting different color light or having different spectral ranges. In some embodiments, lighting system  100  comprises a plurality of light sources  110  each emitting a light of a different spectral range or a different color. The plurality of light sources may be within a single lighting fixture, or they may comprise separate lighting devices. The lighting system  100  may include a light source  110 A emitting a red light, a light source  110 B emitting a green light and a light source  110 C emitting a blue light. In such a configuration, the lighting system  100  may use digital patterns within periods  305 ,  315  and  205  to govern or control the overall color of light emitted by all of the light sources  110 A-C. For example, digital patterns may govern the intensity of each of the light devices  110 A-C in order to establish a specific hue of light, such as a white color for example. The lighting system may transmit digital patterns and vary the number of data bits within each period of time to produce any particular color by mixing light at intensities determined via digital patterning from each one of the sources  110 A-C. The light sources  110 A-C may receive digital patterns within varying durations of time, or varying periods  205  for each of the light source  110 A-C in order to produce the white light. The light sources  110 A-C may receive real-time updates of the intensity at periods of  205  and receive instructions within periods  305  which are within periods  205 . Sometimes, a lighting system  100  controls the total color output of the light emitted by all three light sources  110  by using a feedback to adjust intensity of some light sources via digital patterning in order to adjust the total hue of the output light. In one example, a plurality of light sources  110 A-N may each emit light of a different spectral range or a different color. In such embodiments, a lighting system  100  component controlling the light sources  110 A-N may emit separate data streams comprising digital patterns within periods  305  and  205  to each of the light sources  110  in order to control the color rendering or the total color output produced by the light sources  110 A-N. 
         [0159]    Referring now to  FIG. 4C , an embodiment of steps of a method  400  for modulating intensity of light emitted by a lighting device using a digital pattern is depicted. In some embodiments, method  400  relates to a method of color mixing of a plurality of light sources emitting different light color. At step  405  of the method  400 , a controller receives or generates an instruction for a remote lighting device and a setting for an intensity of light to be emitted by the remote lighting device. At step  410 , the controller generates a signal that comprises the instruction, a time period and a duty cycle of the signal within a time interval of the time period. The duty cycle of the signal may be based on a sum of portions of a digital pattern of the signal which have a high value within the time interval. At step  415 , the remote lighting device receives the signal via a wire used for supplying electrical power to the remote lighting device. At step  420 , the remote lighting device establishes intensity of light or performs color mixing of a plurality of lights emitting different colors of light, based on a determination of the duty cycle of the signal within the time interval. At step  425 , the remote lighting device emits light based on the determined intensity of the light or mixes colors of light based on intensities of each of the plurality of light sources emitting a different color of light. At step  430 , the remote lighting device takes or implements an action based on the instruction from the signal. 
         [0160]    Further referring to step  405 , a controller acquires an instruction and a setting for a remote lighting device. The remote lighting device may include a single light source or a plurality of light sources. The instruction may include an instruction for a single light source or for each of the plurality of light sources. In some embodiments, the controller generates the instruction or the setting. In further embodiments, the controller receives the instruction or the setting from another lighting system component. In still further embodiments, the controller generates an instruction or a setting based on a configuration set by a user. In further embodiments, the controller receives an instruction or a setting from a user input or an instruction file. In some embodiments, a controller generates instructions based on a program, script, prior instruction file or a user input identifying actions to be taken by the remote lighting device. 
         [0161]    The acquired instruction may include any type and form of a command for an action implemented by a lighting device. In some embodiments, the instruction includes a command to send an error message. In other embodiments, the instruction includes a command to send an acknowledgement message or an alert when an address of an instruction matches the address of the lighting device. In further embodiments, the instruction includes a command to send an acknowledgement if ambient light detector of the lighting device is active. In still further embodiments, the instruction includes a command to send an acknowledgement if a presence of an object is detected in the vicinity of a light switch enclosure. 
         [0162]    In further embodiments, the instruction includes a command to set a brightness value of the remote lighting device or a light source within the remote lighting device, such as a green light source, blue light source or a red light source of the remote lighting device. In further embodiments, the instruction includes a command to use an external source for PWM signal to control the intensity of the light. In further embodiments, the instruction includes a command to use a value sent to the remote lighting device as a maximum intensity or maximum brightness value of the remote lighting device. In still further embodiments, the instruction includes a command to turn the light emitted by the remote lighting device off by dimming. 
         [0163]    In some embodiments, the instruction includes a setting for the remote lighting device as a master or a slave. In still further embodiments, the instruction includes a setting for the remote lighting device as a member of a group or a zone. The setting for the remote lighting device may include a setting for an intensity or brightness of the light to be emitted by the remote lighting device. In some embodiments, the setting identifies an intensity or brightness of light relative to the maximum intensity set for the remote lighting device. The setting may identify the dimness or brightness of light to be emitted by the remote lighting device for a predetermined duration of time. 
         [0164]    At step  410 , the controller generates a signal comprising the instruction, a time period and a duty cycle of the signal within a time interval. The controller may generate a signal comprising one or more digital patterns. Digital patterns may be generated to compensate for any instructions to be embedded with the signal. Digital patterns may further be generated to ensure that a duty cycle within a time interval remains at a predetermined level. In some embodiments, digital patterns comprise one or more portions of the signal having high and low values within a time interval. In further embodiments, a digital pattern that includes a plurality of high and low data bits is located within a predetermined time interval of a plurality of time intervals of a time period of a signal. Each time interval may or may not include an instruction. Each time interval may include one or more digital patterns generated to ensure that the duty cycle of the signal remains at a level indicating a predetermined light intensity for the time interval, regardless of the presence of the instruction within the time interval. The duty cycle of the signal may be based upon a sum of portions of one or more digital patterns having a high value within a predetermined time interval. In one embodiment, the controller generates the signal that has a digital pattern that includes digital bits having high values and low values within a time interval of the time period. In some embodiments, digital patterns may include any variation or order of high and low data bits within a time interval. The digital pattern may be generated such that a sum of time durations of the digital bits having high values within a time interval divided by the duration of the time interval corresponds to the setting for the intensity of the light. 
         [0165]    In one example, a generated digital pattern includes a sum of time durations of the signal having high values 65 percent of the time within the time interval. In such example, the sum of the time durations having high values divided by the total duration of the time interval may equal 0.65. This result may correspond to the setting for the intensity of light to be emitted by the remote lighting device identifying an intensity of about 65% of the maximum light intensity. 
         [0166]    In other embodiments, digital patterns of the signal may be generated to identify any intensity of light. The intensity may be in percentages of the maximum light intensity, in Watts, Watts per meter square, lumens, nits or any other unit of light intensity or brightness. In some embodiments, a signal generator of the controller generates the signal comprising the digital patterns and a plurality of time intervals within a time period. The signal may be generated to further include the instruction into one or more of the time intervals of the time period of the signal. In some embodiments, the controller generates a signal to be comprised by a first time interval of the time period while generating one or more digital patterns of the first time interval. 
         [0167]    The digital patterns may be generated to account for the number of the portions of the instruction having high values so that the total duty cycle within the first time interval remains at a predetermined level regardless of the instruction being present. In further embodiments, the controller generates the signal to include the instruction in the first time interval of the time period. In such embodiments, digital patterns are included into other time intervals of the time period to compensate or account for the instruction and maintain the duty cycle within the period at a predetermined level. 
         [0168]    At step  415 , the remote lighting device receives the signal via a wire of the remote lighting device. In some embodiments, the remote lighting device receives the signal via a power supplying line or an active wire of a standard power distribution system powering the lighting device. In other embodiments, the remote lighting device receives the signal via a common wire of a traditional power distribution system. In further embodiments, the remote lighting device receives the signal via a ground wire, or a conductive sheathing of a cable. In still further embodiments, the remote lighting device receives the signal via a wireless signal, such as a WIFI signal or a radio signal. In yet further embodiments, the remote lighting device receives the signal via a network, such as a computing network or a communication network of the plurality of lighting devices. In still further embodiments, the remote lighting device receives the signal via an infrared channel. In still further embodiments, the remote lighting device receives the signal via an optical channel, such as a fiber optic or an optical wireless receiving system. The remote lighting device may receive the signal via a controller or a communicator. In some embodiments, the remote lighting device uses a signal processor or a signal processing unit to receive and process the signal. In other embodiments, controller filters the signal using filters, such as frequency filters, power filters or optical filters. The filtered signal may be processed for the duty cycle and for the instructions for the remote lighting device. 
         [0169]    At step  420 , the remote lighting device establishes intensity of light based on a determination of the duty cycle of the signal within the time interval. The remote lighting device may establish the intensity based on a determination of the duty cycle of the signal within the time period. In some embodiments, the remote lighting device determines the ratio of the sum of the portions of the digital patterns within the time interval having high values and a duration of the time interval. In other embodiments, the duty cycle is determined based on a ratio of the sum of the portions of the digital patterns within a plurality of time intervals of the time period and the entire duration of the time period. In some embodiments, a signal processor of a controller of the remote lighting device processes the signal to determine the duty cycle. The signal may be processed using any type of function, script or an algorithm operating of the signal processor to determine the duty cycle. In further embodiments, the controller of the remote lighting device determines the duty cycle. In further embodiments, the communicator of the remote lighting device determines the duty cycle within the time period. In still further embodiments, the controller of the remote lighting device screens for any instructions within the received signal and determines the duty cycle of the signal. In other embodiments, the remote lighting device determines the intensity of light in terms of the Watts of the light emitted. In other embodiments, the remote lighting device determines the intensity of light in terms of Watts per unit of area. In some embodiments, the remote lighting device determines the intensity of light by determining the duty cycle within each single time period. In other embodiments, the remote lighting device determines the intensity of light by determining the duty cycle over a plurality of time periods. In some embodiments, the remote lighting device determines the intensity of light by determining the duty cycle over a plurality of time intervals within a single time period. In other embodiments, the remote lighting device determines the intensity of light by determining the duty cycle within each individual time interval of each individual time period. In further embodiments, the remote lighting device determines the intensity of light in terms of the relative light intensity of the remote lighting device, such as the maximum light intensity. For example, the remote lighting device may determine the intensity of light based on the duty cycle identifying 0.85 or 85% of the maximum light intensity of the remote lighting device. 
         [0170]    At step  425 , the remote lighting device emits light based on the determined intensity of light. In some embodiments, the remote lighting device emits light based on the determined ratio. In further embodiments, the remote lighting device multiplies the ratio with the maximum intensity to determine the intensity of light at which the remote lighting device will emit. In further embodiments, the remote lighting device continuously receives the signal and determines the intensity for each time period of the signal. In such embodiments, the remote lighting device updates or adjusts the intensity of the light emitted in real-time. For example, in an instance where a time period comprises time a duration of a millisecond, the intensity of the light emitted may be determined for the millisecond. The intensity of light at which the remote lighting device would operate the following millisecond may be determined based on the duty cycle of the signal within the following time period. In further embodiments, the remote lighting device maintains the intensity of light until a signal comprising a different duty cycle within a time period or time interval is detected. 
         [0171]    At step  430 , the remote lighting device takes an action based on the instruction. In some embodiments, the remote lighting device sends an error message out in response to the instruction. In other embodiments, the remote lighting device sends an acknowledgement message or an alert when an address of an instruction matches the address of the lighting device in response to the instruction. In further embodiments, the remote lighting device sends an acknowledgement if ambient light detector of the lighting device is active. In still further embodiments, the remote lighting device sends an acknowledgement if a presence of an object is the object is detected in the vicinity of a light switch enclosure. In further embodiments, the remote lighting device sets a brightness value of the remote lighting device or a light source within the remote lighting device. In some embodiments, the remote lighting device sets a brightness or intensity value for a green light source, a blue light source or a red light source within the remote lighting device. In further embodiments, the remote lighting device begins to use an external source for PWM signal to control the intensity of the light. In further embodiments, the remote lighting device begins to use a value sent to the remote lighting device as a maximum intensity or maximum brightness value of the remote lighting device. In still further embodiments, the remote lighting device turns the light emitted by the remote lighting device off by dimming. In some embodiments, the remote lighting device sets a status for the remote lighting device as a master or a slave in response to the instruction. In still further embodiments, the remote lighting device sets the remote lighting device as a member of a group or a zone in response to the instruction. The remote lighting device may implement any instruction received or set any configuration or setting in response to the instruction received from the signal. Any portion of the controller of the remote lighting device may receive and process the instruction. In some embodiments, a communicator of the remote lighting device processes the instruction. The remote lighting device may implement any action or a function instructed by any instruction of a command received. 
         [0172]    In one example, a lighting device, such as a standard fluorescent lighting fixture or a source comprising a plurality of light emitting diodes is installed in an office, a building or at a home. The lighting device may include a single color light source or a plurality of light sources, each of which may emit light of a different color. The lighting device may be used in communication with one or more other lighting devices which may use controllers to send control signals coordinating operations between the light sources. The intensity of light emitted by a lighting device, or a light source, may be controlled via a received signal that includes one or more digital patterns indentifying the intensity or brightness. The signal may be delivered to the lighting device via standard wiring components commonly used for providing power to the lighting fixtures. Such standard wiring components may include electrical wires or power lines used for providing electrical power for the light sources. More specifically, the signal may be delivered via traditional wires, such as active lines, common lines or ground lines of the standard power distribution electrical wiring system. The signal may include analog or digital components and may include any type, form or format of signal. The signal may comprise digital patterns that may be made up of pulse width modulated signals, square wave signals, datagram, data packets, or any other type or form of digital information. The signal may further comprise a stream of data bits divided into time intervals, each comprising one or more portions of the signal. The portions of the signal may include digital patterns identifying intensity or brightness of the light to be emitted by the remote lighting device receiving the signal. In some embodiments, digital patterns identify a duty cycle within a time interval. Such duty cycle within the time interval may be based on a sum of all time durations of the signal for which the signal is high within the time interval. The sum of the time durations may be divided by the total duration of the time interval to determine the ratio of the intensity. The ratio may be the ratio of the maximum intensity of light that can be emitted by the remote lighting device. The lighting device may filter and process the digital patterns and identify the intensity of the light from the digital patterns by determining the duty cycle or the ratio based on the duty cycle. The remote lighting device may emit the light as identified by the duty cycle or the ratio based on the duty cycle. 
       E. Non-Contact Switch and Selection 
       [0173]    Referring now to  FIG. 5A , an embodiment of a non-contact selection and control device of a lighting system  100  is illustrated.  FIG. 5A  depicts a lighting system  100  comprising a non-contact device  400  or a light non-contact switch  400  that includes a light source LED  405 , LED controller  410 , power supply  140 , light detector  420  and detector controller  425 . The non-contact device  400  is in connection with one or more LED devices, such as lighting devices or sources  110  or any other components of the lighting system  100 . LED  405  and light detector  420  further comprise gain circuit  470 . LED  405  of the non-contact switch  400  is a light source that may emit an electromagnetic signal, such as a light, a wireless or an optical signal. LED  405  is controlled by a LED Controller  410  via a connection  105 . The components of the non-contact device  400  may also be connected to a power supply  140 . Non-contact switch  400  may further include a light detector  420  that may be connected to detector controller  425  via connection  105 . The non-contact device  400  may detect an object  450  located outside of the light non-contact switch  400  by detecting any interference, effect or reflection of the signal emitted by LED  405  caused by the object  450 . Object  405  may also generate or emit an electromagnetic or other type or form signal to be detected by the non-contact device  400 . Light detector  420  of the non-contact device  400  may be controlled or modulated by the detector controller  425  in any number of configurations to detect the signal reflected or emitted by the object  450 . Non-contact device  400  may transmit any detected signals to any number of lighting devices  110  or any other components of the lighting system  100 . 
         [0174]    Referring to  FIG. 5A  in further detail, non-contact switch  400  may be any device, apparatus or a unit comprising any type and form of hardware, software, or any combination of hardware and software for non-contact selection or detection by any object. In some embodiments, non-contact switch  400  is a light switch box or a light switch device or package. Non-contact switch  400  may be any unit, apparatus, system or a component detecting an object  450 , a signal, a person or any living being within a distance from the non-contact switch. In further embodiments, non-contact switch  400  detects an object  450 , a person or a living being without the object  450 , the person or the living being touching the non-contact switch  400  physically. In still further embodiments, non-contact switch  400  detects an object  450 , a person or a living being with the object  450 , the person or the living being physically touching or nearly touching the non-contact switch  400 . Non-contact switch  400  may comprise a box enclosing a LED  405 , a light detector  420  or any other lighting system  100  component, or more specifically a light non-contact switch  400  component, such as those displayed in  FIG. 5 . In some embodiments, a non-contact switch  400  comprises, or is a component of a light fixture installed in a room. The non-contact device  400  may include any type of processor or processors configured to implement specialized functions for controlling, modulating or configuring any component of the non-contact device  400 , such as the light detector  420  or LED  405 . Non-contact device  400  may include any type and form of firmware or software instructions operating on the processor or the processors configured for controlling any of the non-contact device  400  components. In addition to the components illustrated by  FIG. 5 , non-contact switch  400  may further include any number of hardware components detecting of any type and form of object, person or a user located at any distance from the non-contact device  400 . Non-contact device  400  may be used by a user to control one or more lighting devices, adjust brightness of the light emitted or to select specific lighting devices. In some embodiments, non-contact device  400  is used to select a particular light source  110  or a group of light sources  110  during the configuration the lighting system  100 . In further embodiments, the user selects one or more light sources  110  to select or identify specific light sources to be configured a certain way, to be assigned a particular address or to be processed, programmed or controlled in a way determined by the system or the user. 
         [0175]    Transparent cover  460  may be any portion of non-contact switch  400  comprising a material that is transparent to a portion of the light emitted by LED  405 . Non-contact switch  400  may comprise an enclosure that may further include any number of additional components, such as the transparent cover  460 . In some embodiments, transparent cover  460  comprises a material transparent in the visible or infrared range, such as for example, a glass, a clear plastic or a plexiglass cover. Transparent cover  460  may further comprise any other material that is transparent or semi-transparent to any light or signal emitted by the LED  405 . The transparent cover may comprise a filter that filters out wavelengths of light outside of a predetermined range. The transparent cover may reflect a portion of a light, such as for example 0.01, 0.1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 percent of the light, or any other percentage of light between 10 and 90 percent that reach the transparent cover  460 . The transparent cover  460  may further include any component or a part of the non-contact switch  400  that reflects or is capable of reflecting signal emitted from the LED  405 . Transparent cover  460  may be opaque to any wavelength of light aside from the light emitted by the LED  405 . Transparent cover  460  may comprise an optical filter, filtering, absorbing or reflecting some wavelengths of light and allowing others to pass through. Transparent cover  460  may be positioned on the enclosure of the non-contact switch  400  to reflect a specific portion of light from the LED  405  towards the light detector  420 . Transparent cover  460  may comprise a reflective coating to ensure a specific reflectivity, or a reflectivity of a specific percentage or portion of the signal from LED  405 . In some embodiments, transparent cover  460  comprises a reflective surface, such as a mirror for example. Transparent cover may be positioned anywhere within the non-contact switch  400  or outside of the switch  400 . In some embodiments, transparent cover  460  is a component of the enclosure of the non-contact switch  400 . 
         [0176]    Transparent cover  460  may allow only a portion of light to propagate through the transparent cover while reflecting a fraction of the light. In some embodiments, transparent cover reflects between 10 and 20, 20 and 30, 30 and 40, 40 and 50, 50 and 60, 60 and 70, 70 and 80, 80 and 90 and 90 and 99.99 percent of the signal. The transparent cover may also propagate, transmit or allow transmission of any portion of the signal such as for example, 99.99 and 95, 95 and 90, 90 and 80, 80 and 70, 70 and 60, 60 and 50, 50 and 40, 40 and 30, 30 and 20, 20 and 10, or 10 and 0.01 percent of the signal. In some embodiments, the transparent cover reflects between about 0 and 1 percent of light, such as for example 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 or 0.8 percent of light emitted by the LED  405  reaching the transparent cover. In some embodiments, the transparent cover reflects between about 1 and 2 percent of light, such as for example 1.2, 1.4, 1.6 or 1.8 percent of light emitted by the LED  405  reaching the transparent cover. In some embodiments, the transparent cover reflects between about 2 and 3 percent of light, such as for example 2.2, 2.4, 2.6 or 2.8 percent of light emitted by the LED  405  reaching the transparent cover. In some embodiments, the transparent cover reflects between about 3 and 4 percent of light, such as for example 3.2, 3.4, 3.6 or 3.8 percent of light emitted by the LED  405  reaching the transparent cover. In some embodiments, the transparent cover reflects between about 4 and 5 percent of light, such as for example 4.2, 4.4, 4.6 or 4.8 percent of light emitted by the LED  405  reaching the transparent cover. In some embodiments, the transparent cover reflects between about 5 and 6 percent of light, such as for example 5.2, 5.4, 5.6 or 5.8 percent of light emitted by the LED  405  reaching the transparent cover. In some embodiments, the transparent cover reflects between about 6 and 7 percent of light, such as for example 6.2, 6.4, 6.6 or 6.8 percent of light emitted by the LED  405  reaching the transparent cover. In further embodiments, the transparent cover reflects between about 7-10 percent of light emitted by the LED  405 . In further embodiments, the transparent cover reflects between about 10 and 20 percent of light, or between 20 and 30, 30 and 40, 40 and 50, 50 and 60, 60 and 70, 70 and 80, 80 and 90 or 90 and 99.99 percent for example. Transparent cover  460  may comprise any component, or any group of components of the non-contact switch  400  that reflect, refract, permeate or propagate any portion of the signal emitted by LED  405 . 
         [0177]    LED  405  of the non-contact device  400  may be any type and form of an apparatus, component or a device emitting or producing an electromagnetic signal. LED  405  may be positioned or deployed anywhere within or around any lighting system  110  component. In some embodiments, LED  405  is light source  110 . In other embodiments, LED  405  is a semiconductor light emitting diode. In further embodiments, LED  405  is a component producing a wireless signal. In still further embodiments, LED  405  is a unit producing a radio or an RF (radio frequency) signal. LED  405  may emit or generate an electromagnetic wave of any wavelength, power or spectral range. In still further embodiments, LED  405  is an infra red light emitting diode or source. LED  405  may be a light emitting source that emits light of constant intensity or varying intensity. In some embodiments, LED  405  is a light emitting diode emitting a time dependent intensity or power varying signal. In further embodiments, LED  405  is a flickering light emitting device. LED  405  may emit an amplitude modulated, frequency modulated, phase modulated, pulse width modulated or any signal or output of single or multi-level modulation scheme or type. LED  405  may further comprise any number of light sources or light emitting devices. In some embodiments, LED  405  comprises an array of light emitting diodes, laser diodes, lamps, bulbs or any other type or form of electromagnetic wave emitting devices. LED  405  may include a number of similar or different light emitting devices, sources, diodes or any other components which may or may not be associated with a light source  110 . 
         [0178]    Different light sources within the LED  405  may emit signals at different power ranges, different spectral ranges, different intensities and signals with no modulations or signals modulated with various types of modulation schemes. LED  405  may further include a second light emitting source emitting a light signal intended to help control or modulate the gain circuitry, such as gain circuit  470 , of the light detector  420 . The noise signal light source may emit light at a specific average intensity and a specific spectral range to maintain the gain feedback circuitry, such as the gain circuit  470 , of the light detector  420  within a specific sensitivity range. Such sensitivity range of the light detector  420 , based on the intensity and the spectral range of the signal, may enable the light detector  420  to detect an object  450  at a specific distance or distance range from the non-contact device  400 . The total light of the LED  405  may include the first light source emitting the modulated and controlled signal and the second light source emitting the noise or the background signal for modulating the gain of the light detector  420 . In some embodiments, LED  405  includes two or more LED  405  components, each of which may include any functionality or embodiment of any other LED  405 . 
         [0179]    LED  405  may include any number of sources that emit pulsed signals at a specific frequency or at a number of specific frequencies or frequency ranges. For example, light emitted by one or more sources of the LED  405  may have a spectral ranges in the visible, near infra red, infra red or far infra red range. The light emitted may also be modulated in bursts or pulses occurring for a specific duration of time at a specific frequency or a range of frequencies. In some embodiments, light emitted may be random and constant light. In further embodiments, signal comprises light in x-ray range, visible range, near infrared range, mid infrared range, a far infrared range or radio wavelength range. 
         [0180]    The signal may comprise light having any spectral range, such as between 1 and 5 nanometers, 5 and 10 nanometers, 10 and 15 nanometers, 15 and 20 nanometers, 20 and 25 nanometers, 25 and 30 nanometers, 30 and 40 nanometers, 40 and 60 nanometers, 60 and 80 nanometers, 80 and 100 nanometers, 100 and 400 nanometers or 400 and 2000 or more nanometers. In still further embodiments, signal comprises pulses or bursts of signal which may occur at a carrier frequency. The carrier frequency may be any frequency, such as for example, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59 or 60 kilohertz. In still further embodiments, the carrier frequency may include any frequency between 100 hertz and 1 kilohertz, 1 kilohertz and 5 kilohertz, 5 kilohertz and 20 kilohertz, 20 kilohertz and 50 kilohertz, 50 kilohertz and 70 kilohertz, 70 kilohertz and 150 kilohertz, 150 kilohertz and 300 kilohertz, 300 kilohertz and 1 megahertz, 1 megahertz and 10 megahertz, 10 megahertz and 100 megahertz, or 100 megahertz and 1000 megahertz. The signal may comprise modulation such as frequency, phase, amplitude or pulse width modulation. In some embodiments, the carrier frequency of the signal is in the range of 30-35 kilohertz. In further embodiments, the signal has a carrier frequency of 35-40 kilohertz. In still further embodiments, the signal has a carrier frequency of 40-45 kilohertz. In yet further embodiments, the signal has a carrier frequency of 45-100 kilohertz. The signal may be emitted within any conical angle from the LED, such as between 1 and 3 degrees, 3 and 5 degrees, 5 and 10 degrees, 10 and 20 degrees, 20 and 30 degrees, 30 and 40 degrees, 40 and 50 degrees, 50 and 60 degrees, 60 and 70 degrees, 70 and 80 degrees, 80 and 90 degrees, 90 and 100 degrees, 100 and 110 degrees, 110 and 120 degrees, 120 and 130 degrees, 130 and 140 degrees, 140 and 150 degrees, 150 and 180 degrees, 180 and 220 degrees, 220 and 250 degrees, 250 and 270 degrees and 270 and 360 degrees. In a plurality of embodiments, LED  405  emits pulses of light wherein the pulses occur within any frequency range. In some embodiments, LED  405  emits pulses of light wherein the pulses have a specific duty cycle. In some embodiments, LED  405  emits an electromagnetic signal that is modulated and controlled by LED controller  410 . In some embodiments, LED  405  is positioned inside the non-contact switch  400 . In other embodiments, LED  405  is positioned outside of the non-contact switch  400 . In some embodiments, LED  405  is positioned or installed on or within a lighting device  110 . In further embodiments, LED  405  is positioned near a lighting system  100  component, such as a lighting device  110 . In still further embodiments, LED  405  is positioned on a wall of a room that is illuminated by a lighting device  110 . 
         [0181]    Gain circuit  470  may be any hardware, software or a combination of hardware and software that controls, modulates or maintains performance or operation of LED  405  or light detector  420 . Gain circuit  470  may include logic circuits, or software operating on one or more processors to control or manage how signals from the LED  405  are detected by light source  410 . Gain circuit  470  may utilize a fraction of light reflected by the transparent cover  460  towards the light detector  420  to maintain the light detector  420  within a specific detection range. In some embodiments, gain circuit  470  manages or controls detection of light detector  410  of any signal, including the signal from the LED  405  or from any other light source, such as for example an emitter of object  450 . In some embodiments, gain circuit may be comprised by any component of the non-contact switch  400 , such as an LED  405 , light detector  420 , LED controller  410  or detector controller  425 . Gain circuit  470  may be connected in a feedback loop with the light detector  420  or the LED  405 . 
         [0182]    The gain circuit  470  may maintain the light detector  420  at a specific detection threshold or detection range. The gain circuit may be configured to provide real-time adjustments to the light detector  420  so that the signal detected by the light detector  420  may be maintained within a specific operating range of the light detector  420 . In some embodiments, the gain circuit  470  maintains a feedback loop with the light detector  420  to maintain the detecting range of the light detector  420  at a specific detection range, such as slightly below a threshold level of the detection of the light detector  420 . As ambient light, such as background noise light, increases in intensity, the gain circuit  470  may compensate and adjust to still maintain the gain of the light detector  420  within the specific range. Following the adjustment by the gain circuit  470 , light detector  420  would still adjust and maintain the sensitivity to the presence of object  450 . For example, when there is a lot of ambient light in the room where non-contact switch  400  is installed, gain circuit  470  may decrease the gain of the light detector  420  to compensate for the increased ambient light. In the instance where the object  450  is brought within a specific distance from the non-contact device  400 , the reflected portion of the LED  405  signal may increase the amount of the detected signal slightly above the threshold. The light detector  420  may then detect the presence of the object  450  as the threshold has been exceeded by the portion of the signal reflected by the object  450 . Normally, the gain circuit  470  may compensate for any changes in ambient light by setting and maintain the light detector  420  within the detection range just below the detectable threshold. However, as the present object  450  reflects a substantial amount of light towards the light detector  420 , the gain circuit  470  may not compensate for such a great increase in light intensity fast enough and the object  450  may be detected by the light detector  420 . As such, gain circuit  470  may control the sensitivity of the signal detected by light detector  420  such that compensates for changes in ambient light or background noise but does not lose sensitivity to the presence of the object  450 . The gain circuit  470  may control the light detector  420  such that the light detector  420  it is not oversensitive to detect the presence of the object  450  when the object  450  is not present within a predetermined distance from the non-contact device  400 . The gain circuit of any of the LED  405 , LED controller  410 , detector controller  425  or light detector  420  may perform any functionality or include any embodiments of any of the gain circuits of the LED  405 , LED controller  410 , light detector  420  and detector controller  425 . 
         [0183]    In some embodiments, gain circuit  470  includes an average intensity filter, a frequency filter and a comparator. The average intensity filter of the gain circuit  470  may monitor the average intensity of the signal detected by the light detector  420 . The average intensity filter may further filter out intensity of signal that is below or above a predetermined threshold intensity. In some embodiments, average intensity filter may only allow the signals that are within a predetermined range of the average intensities to pass through the filter. For example, if average intensity of light received by the light detector  420  is below a predetermined intensity threshold, the average intensity may filter out the signal. As such, the average intensity filter may filter out signals outside of the predetermined range. Just as with average intensity filter, the frequency filter of the gain circuit  470  may filter out any signal that is outside of a predetermined frequency range. In some embodiments, the frequency signal filters out signals that have carrier frequency outside of the allowed frequency range. In some embodiments, the carrier frequency range of allowed signals may be any signals that have pulses or carrier frequency between 30 and 50 kilohertz. In some embodiments, the carrier frequency range of allowed signals may be around 40 kilohertz, such as 41 or 42 kilohertz for example. Comparator of the gain circuit  470  may compare the signals that passed through the average intensity filter and the frequency filter against a threshold. The comparator may compare the signal filtered by the average intensity filter and the frequency filter against a predetermined threshold or a predetermined threshold range. If the comparator detects that the signal exceeds the threshold the object  450  is detected. Similarly, in set-ups where the comparator compares the signal that is lower than a predetermined threshold, the object  450  is detected if the signal is lower than the predetermined threshold. Gain circuit  470  may use any one of, or any combination of, the average intensity filter, frequency filter and a comparator together with any automatic gain controller circuit to control the detection of the light detector  420 . 
         [0184]    LED controller  410  may be any device, unit, component or a function for controlling, managing or driving LED  405 . LED controller  410  may include any hardware, software or any combination of hardware and software for controlling, driving or enabling emitting of light by one or more LED  405 . LED controller  410  may be a device, product or a system controlling, maintaining or enabling functionality or operation of LED  405 . In some embodiments, LED controller  410  comprises a processing unit configured or comprising specific instructions for controlling, adjusting, maintaining or enabling functionality or operation of LED  405 , such as signal or light emitting. In many embodiments, LED controller  410  comprises analog or digital circuitry for controlling, maintaining, adjusting or enabling functionality of LED  405 . In further embodiments, LED controller  410  comprises switches, latches or transistor circuitry which switch LED  405  on or off. In a plurality or embodiments, LED controller  410  comprises monitoring circuitry monitoring and observing performance or functionality of LED  405 . In many embodiments, LED controller  410  comprises modulating circuitry, gain circuitry or circuitry for maintaining the detector within a specific gain range or detection range. Sometimes, LED controller  410  modulates, adjusts or changes state, status or performance of LED  405  in response to the monitored or observed performance or functionality of LED  405 . 
         [0185]    In some embodiments, LED controller  410  may include gain circuitry, such as gain circuit  470 , adjustment of gain of the signal emitted by the LED and detected by the light detector  420  in order to maintain the light detector  420  within a specific detection range. The adjustment may be real-time adjustment. Gain circuit  470  may be comprised by any component of the non-contact switch  400 . For example, a gain circuitry of the LED controller  410  may maintain the output at a specific threshold or within a specific range. The gain circuit  470  of the LED controller  410  may control the properties of the electromagnetic signal emitted by the LED  405  such that the light detector  420  is maintained slightly below a detection range threshold. By maintaining the light detector  420  within a specific range, the light detector  420  may be controlled such that the reflected signal reaching the detector is below the detectable threshold unless an object  450  is placed within a predetermined distance from the non-contact switch  400 . LED controller  410  may modulate current, voltage or power to LED  405  to maintain the light detector  420  within a specific threshold or operating range as desired by the configuration of distance within which the object  450  may be detected. In some embodiments, gain circuitry may be adjusted so that object  450  is detected at a greater distance. In other embodiments, gain circuitry is adjusted so that the object  450  is detected at a distance very close to the non-contact switch  400 . The distance may be any distance ranging from 1 millimeter, 2 millimeters, 5 millimeters, 1 centimeter, 2 centimeters, 5 centimeters, 10 centimeters, 20 centimeters, 50 centimeters, 70 centimeters, 1 meter, 2 meters, 5 meters, 10 meters, 20 meters or any other distance desired by the user. In some embodiments, LED controller  410  comprises functionality which scales up or scales down the gain of the LED  405  using a dial, a button or a setting. In some embodiments, software operating on a processor of the LED controller  410  monitors and modulates the gain of the light emitted by one or more light sources of the LED  405  to maintain light detector  420  within a specific operating detection range. The gain circuitry of the LED controller  410  may be adjusted in response to background noise to compensate for increased or decreased background noise. 
         [0186]    LED controller  410  may modulate, control or adjust LED  405  operation such that LED  405  emits or generates light of a specific wavelength, power or intensity range as controlled by the LED controller  410 . In a number of embodiments, LED controller  410  modulates, adjusts or controls LED  405  such that LED  405  emits one or more signals of a specific intensity controlled by LED controller  410 . In many embodiments, LED controller  410  modulates, adjusts or controls LED  405  such that LED  405  emits light in pulses occurring at a specific frequency. In some embodiments, LED controller  410  modulates LED  405  to emit light within the infra red wavelength range. In many embodiments, LED  405  emits light within infra-red wavelength range. In a plurality of embodiments, LED  405  emits light having a spectral range of less than 100 nanometers. In many embodiments, LED  405  emits light having a spectral range of less than 50 nanometers. In some embodiments, LED  405  emits light having a spectral range of less than 10 nanometers. In a number of embodiments, LED  405  emits light having a spectral range of about 5 nanometers or less than 5 nanometers. In some embodiments, LED  405  emits light having a spectral range of about one or two nanometers of full width at half maximum of the signal. In a number of embodiments, LED  405  emits light having a spectral range of less than one nanometer. 
         [0187]    LED  405  may include a plurality of light sources, one of which acts as a light source emitting a background noise signal. In some embodiments, a non-contact switch  400  comprises a plurality of LEDs  405 . A first one of the LEDs  405  may emit a pulsed signal designated to be the signal that the light detector  420  detects and interprets. This signal may be the signal to be reflected off of the object  450  and detected by the light detector  420 . The second one of the LEDs  405  may emit a constant low intensity signal, such as a synthetic background noise signal. Synthetic noise may be noise generated by LED  405  to suppress any background noise created by the environment. The synthetic noise signal may be in the general intensity or power range or in an intensity or power range that is larger than the intensity or power range of the background signal of the environment coming from outside of the non-contact switch  400 . The synthetic background noise or background noise signal produced by the second LED  405  may be any signal within a wavelength and power range detectable by the light detector  420 . By having a stronger synthetic constant background noise signal transmitted by one or more LEDs  405 , any additional less intense background noise signals from the environment may be not as damaging to the communications of the LED  405 . In one example, a first LED  405  emits a high intensity signal via which the light switch enclosure  400  detects the presence of the object  450 . The second LED  405  of the same or a different light switch enclosure may emit a lower intensity signal than the signal emitted by the first LED  405 . The second LED  405  signal may have an intensity that is higher than a common or expected background noise from the environment. Both, the first and the second LEDs  405 , may emit signals that are electromagnetic signals within a frequency, power or intensity range that is detected by the light detector  420 . The light detector  420  may detect both signals. As background noise is generated from the environment, the second LED  405  emitting a stronger signal in this wavelength range than the background noise, may in suppress the background noise. In some embodiments, LED  405  comprises a Rohm or Sharp surface mount infrared emitting component, such as for example a Rohm palm device component emitting infrared light at pulses of around 40 kilohertz. 
         [0188]    Light detector  420  may be any device, component or a unit detecting or sensing any electromagnetic signal or wave. Light detector  420  may include or comprise any type and form of hardware, software or combination of software and hardware for sensing or detecting light or optical signal. In some embodiments, light detector  420  senses light or an electromagnetic wave and produces a voltage or a current proportional to the intensity or the power of the light or the electromagnetic wave sensed. The light detector  420  may detect emission or radiation of any type and form, of any frequency and of any power or wavelength range. Light detector  420  includes a semiconductor detector, such as a silicon detector or a Gallium Arsenide detector. In some embodiments, light detector  420  includes a diode, such as a photodiode. In some embodiments, light detector  420  detects or senses heat or infra red radiation or signals. In other embodiments, light detector  420  includes a sensor for detecting light within a room that is illuminated by a lighting device  110 . In another embodiment, light detector  420  includes a sensor detecting ambient light. In other embodiments, light detector  420  includes a color sensor for sensing a color of light or a wavelength of light. In yet further embodiments, light detector  420  is a color temperature sensor for detecting color temperature of a light source. In still further embodiments, light detector  420  senses or detects chromaticity of light. In a number of embodiments, light detector  420  detects an electromagnetic signal within the frequency or wavelength range of the signal emitted by the LED  405 . For example, light detector  420  may be tuned to collect any radiation having spectral or modulation characteristics of the signal emitted by LED  405  in order to detect if an object  450  is present. The object  450  may be detected by the detector  420  due to the object  450  reflecting the signal from the LED  405  to the light detector  420 . In such instances, light detector  420  may detect the presence of an object  450  when object  450  is within a specific distance from the light detector  420 . In some embodiments, light source  420  is a sound or acoustic wave sensor detecting sound or acoustic signals. In some embodiments, light detector  420  detects RF or radio frequency signals. 
         [0189]    In still further embodiments, light source  420  detects any type, form or configuration of a signal that may be affected by presence of an object  450  within a perimeter of the light detector  420 . In some embodiments, light detector  420  detects or senses near infra red signals, such as the signals emitted by a remote control. In still further embodiments, light detector  420  detects or senses wireless transmission signals, such as the signals of a wireless internet connection generally received by wireless network cards of computers and laptops. In various embodiments, light detector  420  comprises any functionality of any other lighting system  100  component. Light detector  420  may be detecting modulation of the light oscillating at a carrier frequency. The carrier frequency may be any carrier frequency, such as a carrier frequency of about 40 kilohertz. In some embodiments, light detector  420  comprises a Panasonic receiver, such PNA4602 receiver. 
         [0190]    Detector controller  425  may be any device controlling or managing operation or functionality of the light detector  420 . Detector controller  425  may be any device, unit or component processing or modifying the output signal of the light detector  420 . In some embodiments, detector controller  425  is a device, product or a system controlling, configuring or managing the light detector  420 . In other embodiments, detector controller  425  comprises hardware, software or a combination of hardware and software for controlling, adjusting or maintaining functionality of one or more light detectors  420 . In some embodiments, detector controller  425  comprises analog or digital circuitry for controlling, maintaining, adjusting or enabling functionality of the light detector  420 . In further embodiments, detector controller  425  comprises switches, latches or transistor circuitry which controls or modulates light detector  420 . Detector controller  425  may comprise monitoring circuitry which uses a software running on a processor of the detector controller  425  to receive, process or modify the output signal of the light detector  420 . For example, output signal of a light detector  420  may be sent to the detector controller  425 , which may use any functionality to determine if the received signal signifies the presence of an object  450  within a predetermined perimeter from the light detector  420 . In some embodiments, light detector controller  425  may use the light detector  420  output signal to determine performance, operation or action of the lighting device  110 . For example, if a light detector  420  detects a signal affected by an object  450 , detector controller  425  may process the signal and determine that an object  450  is present. The detector controller  425  may in response to the determination that the object  450  is present sent a signal to the lighting device  110  or any other component of the lighting system  100 . The lighting device  110  may, in response to the signal from the detector controller  425 , start emitting light, stop emitting light or change the intensity, color or any other configuration of the light emitted. 
         [0191]    Detector controller  425  may receive and monitor current or voltage output signals from any number of light detectors  420 . In some embodiments, detector controller  425  receives current or voltage output signal from one or more light detectors  420  and converts the current or the voltage signal into a digital signal. Sometimes, detector controller  425  processes current or voltage output signal from one or more light detectors  420 . In various embodiments, detector controller  425  adjusts one or more functionalities or performance characteristics of one or more light detectors  420  in response to the received current or voltage output signal received. In a plurality of embodiments, detector controller  425  may form and transmit commands or instructions, such as instructions  650 , to any lighting device  110 . Detector controller  425  may send communication or receive communication from other lighting system  100  components, as desired or as necessary. In some embodiments, detector controller  425  includes any functionality of any other lighting system  100  component, such as the lighting device  110 . 
         [0192]    Object  450  may be any type and form of an object, such as a book, a chair, a door, a pen, a signal, a human being or any other living being. Object  450  may be an object capable of changing, modifying or affecting the signal detected by the light detector  420 . Object  450  may be a person or a part of a person, such as a person&#39;s hand. Object  450  may be a signal emitter emitting an electromagnetic signal, such as a remote controller, light emitter or a radio emitter. In some embodiments, object  450  is a person that reflects a signal into the light detector  420  of the non-contact switch  400  by walking into a room that has a light non-contact switch  400  installed on a wall. In some embodiments, LED  405  emits an electromagnetic signal which is reflected off of the person and detected by the light detector  420 . The light detector  420  may detect the presence of the person in the room and send the signal to the detector controller  425  which in turn may send an instruction to lighting devices  110  in the room to turn on and emit light. 
         [0193]    Object  450  may be a device or an apparatus emitting a signal. In some embodiments, object  450  is an emitter such as a remote controller that emits an infra red signal detected by the non-contact switch  400 . The signal may be detected by the light detector  420  and the light from the lighting devices  110  may be turned on. In still further embodiments, object  450  may be any object, person or a device intercepting, reflecting or affecting the signal detected or sensed by the light detector  420 . Object  450  may be any object reflecting a portion of light emitted by LED  405  toward light detector  420 . In some embodiments, object  450  emits an electromagnetic signal, heat, acoustic or sound signal, a wireless signal, radio signal or any type and form of signal that the light detector  420  detects. In some embodiments, object  450  creates an interference or obstruction to an intensity, phase, frequency or amplitude of a signal detected by light detector  420 . Object  450  may create an obstruction or a lapse in the signal amplitude, phase, frequency or intensity, which may be detected by a light detector  420 . In some embodiments, object  450  reflects a signal such that the light detector  420  detects the reflected signal in an increasing fashion as the object  450  approaches the light detector  420 . 
         [0194]    The components of the non-contact switch  400 , such as the LED  405 , LED controller  410 , light detector  420  and the detector controller  425  may each include one or more gain circuits to adjust the amount of light from the LED  405  to be detected by the light detector  410 . In one example, a gain circuit of a LED  405  may adjust and control the output light of the LED  405  to maintain the light detector  420  within a specific operating range. The specific operating range may be a range of operation of the LED  405  or light detector  420  or both such that the light detector  410  detects the light from the LED  405  with a specific sensitivity. For example, the gain circuit may cause the LED  405  to emit just enough light to enable the light detector  420  to barely detect portions of the light from the LED  405  reaching the light detector  410 . The portions of light may be the fraction of light reflected from a transparent or a semi-transparent portion of an enclosure of the non-contact switch  400 , such as a transparent cover. The transparent cover may include glass or a plexiglass portion that reflects the light towards detector  420 . The gain circuit may maintain the amount of light detected by the light detector  420  just below the threshold of the presence of the object  450 . The presence of the object  450  may then provide an additional amount of reflection reaching the light detector  420 , thus exceeding the threshold of detection. Once the threshold is exceeded the light detector  420  may send the signal that object  450  has been detected. 
         [0195]    Similarly in another example, a gain circuit of light detector  420  may adjust and control the detection settings of the light detector  420  to maintain the light detector  420  within a specific operating range. The gain circuit may cause the light detector  420  to detect light with a specific sensitivity or configuration to enable the light detector  420  to detect portions of the light from the LED  405  just below the detection threshold of the light detector  420 . As such, the light detector  420  may detect absence of any object  450  from the perimeter of the non-contact switch  450 . In the instance that the object  450  approaches the non-contact switch  400 , the object  450  will detect an additional amount of the signal from the LED  405  back into the light detector  420 . The gain circuit maintaining the amount of light detected by the light detector  420 , may experience a rising signal which will be too strong to be compensated for by the gain circuit quickly enough and the light detector  410  will detect the presence of the object  450 . Similarly, gain circuits may be deployed in the led controller  410  or detector controller  425  in any orientation. The gain circuits may control the sensitivity of the light detector  420  or the gain circuits may control the intensity, power, pulse frequency, carrier frequency or even wavelength of the light emitted from LED  405  to enable and control the detection of the object  450  when present. 
         [0196]    Non-contact switch  400  may be used by any number of users to control, manage or configure a lighting system  100  as well as to communicate with one or more of lighting system  100  components. Sometimes, light non-contact switch  400  is configured to perform a set of tasks enabling user communication with a lighting system  100 . In some embodiments, non-contact switch  400  is configured or tuned to perform sensing of a user&#39;s presence. In many embodiments, non-contact switch  400  is configured or tuned to enable a user to control light intensity, light color, pulsing or other performance characteristics of light sources  110 . In many embodiments, non-contact switch  400  is configured or tuned to enable a user to select a group of light sources  110  and control them separately from other light sources  100 . In some embodiments, non-contact switch  400  components are tuned and configured to operate based on frequency of pulses of signal at a specific predetermined frequency. In some embodiments, light non-contact switch  400  components are tuned and configured to emit and/or detect pulses of signal at a specific predetermined intensity. In still further embodiments, light non-contact switch  400  components are tuned and configured to emit and/or detect pulses of signal within a specific predetermined spectral range. 
         [0197]    For example, non-contact switch  400  components may be tuned and configured to emit and/or detect the signal at a specific predetermined combination of frequency, intensity, wavelength or modulation. Upon placing an object  450  in the vicinity of the non-contact switch  400  component, any feature of the signal, such as the intensity, frequency, wavelength or format, may be interrupted and the interruption may be detected by the light detector  420 . In some embodiments, LED controller  410  modulates LED  405  to emit or generate pulses or bursts of electromagnetic, acoustic or other wireless signal at a specific frequency and a specific intensity. Light detector  420  may be modulated by detector controller  425  to detect the signals emitted by the LED  405  at the frequency and intensity range emitted by the LED  405 . The detector controller  425  may modulate the light detector  420  by user configuration, frequency or resistance adjustment, programming of the detector controller  425 , setting up configuration inputs or any other user action or activity. Detector controller  425  may process the signals from the light detector  420  in accordance with configuration settings and alert other lighting system  100  components when the object  450  is in the vicinity. In some embodiments, signals emitted by LED  405  may be adjusted to include pulse frequency, signal intensity, signal wavelength and modulation format which are all within detectable range of the light detector  410 . The light detector  410  may continuously, periodically or randomly check for the signal presence. The signal being maintained by the gain circuit within a specific range just below a detectable threshold range of the light detector  410  may signify that the object  450  is not within the vicinity. However, when the object  450  is within the vicinity the signal reflected off of the object  450  and reaching the light detector  410  may increase and exceed the threshold. Light detector  410  may then detect the presence of the object  450 . In some embodiments, object  450  may interrupt or change the intensity, power, frequency, wavelength or modulation of the signal emitted from the LED  405 . Light detector  410  may detect such changes and interpret the detection as the presence of the object  450 . 
         [0198]    The threshold distance or distance range within which the non-contact switch  400  components detect the presence of object  450  may be configured by any configuration method. In some embodiments, the user configures the threshold or distance range by setting the distance or relative position or direction of the non-contact switch  400  components, such as the LED  405  and light detector  420 . In further embodiments, the threshold or distance range may be set by choosing a duration of pulse and the frequency of pulses emitted by LED  405 . In still further embodiments, the threshold or distance range may be set by selecting a spectral range of the light emitted by LED  405 , as well as the average intensity of the light emitted. In other embodiments, lighting system  100  includes a configuration tool which enables the user to configure the vicinity range or threshold within which the object  450  is detected. In some embodiments, the threshold or the range of the vicinity or distance within which the object  450  is detected is preset or preconfigured by the manufacturer. In further embodiments, the threshold range or the distance range of the vicinity may be adjusted by a button, setting, dial or an input on the light switch enclosure  400  or any other lighting system  100  component. 
         [0199]    The vicinity or range within which the object  450  is detected by the non-contact switch  400  may be as any range or threshold of distance. In some embodiments, the vicinity is any length between the object  450  and the non-contact switch  400 . In some embodiments, the vicinity is any distance or range of about 1, 2, 5, 10 or 15 centimeters. In further embodiments, the vicinity is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 millimeters. In further embodiments, vicinity is a distance of 15, 20, 20, 30, 40 or 50 centimeters. In other embodiments, vicinity is a range or a threshold of distance of between 50 centimeters and 1 meter. In further embodiments, vicinity is a range of between 1 and 10 meters. Vicinity may be configured by configuring or adjusting the output signal characteristics of the LED  405  and detectable range and performance of light detector  420 . In some embodiments, vicinity may be altered by the user using configuration schemes, settings, programs or inputs for the light switch enclosure  400  or lighting system  100 . In many embodiments, vicinity is a range or threshold of distance which is constant and predetermined for a specific non-contact switch  400 . In other embodiments, vicinity is a range or threshold of distance which may vary depending on the configuration, user inputs and signals or instructions from other lighting system  100  components. 
         [0200]    Non-contact switch  400  may communicate to other lighting system  100  components by sending or receiving signals or instructions. In some embodiments, LED  405  of a first light switch enclosure transmits communication to a second light switch enclosure  400 . The light detector  420  of the second light switch enclosure  400  may detect the signal emitted by the LED  405  of the first light switch enclosure  400 . The second light switch enclosure  400  may process or forward the instruction  650  to one or more lighting devices  110 . In some embodiments, both the first and the second enclosures  650  are associated with one or more lighting devices  110 . When a first light switch enclosure  400  transmits a transmission, such as an instruction  650  via LED  405 , the second light switch enclosure  400  may receive the transmission and forward it to the one or more lighting devices  110  associated with the second light switch enclosure  400 . The one or more lighting devices  110  may implement the instruction  650  or operate in accordance to the instructions received. In some embodiments, a plurality of light switch enclosures  400  are configured to be in communication with one or more lighting devices  110 . The master lighting device  110  may transmit an instruction  650  to any number of the plurality of lighting devices  110  via it&#39;s own non-contact switch  400 . The signal, such as the instruction  650 , may be transmitted wirelessly via the LED  405  and the plurality of light switch enclosures  400  may receive the instruction  650  and forward the instructions  650  to the lighting devices  110  to implement the instruction  650 . 
         [0201]    Non-contact switch  400  may further communicate with one or more light sources  110 . In some embodiments, components of the non-contact switch  400  may be associated with one or more light sources  110 . For example, a light source  110  may comprise components of the non-contact switch  400 , such as the LED  405  or the light detector  420 . Non-contact switches  400  may be used for assigning of unique digital addresses to one or more lighting system  100  components. In some embodiments, a non-contact switch  400  is used to assign a unique digital address to a lighting device  110  that is connected to a switch  400 . In further embodiments, a non-contact switch  400  is used to assign a unique digital address to a plurality of lighting devices  110  that are connected to or in communication with the light switch enclosure  400 . Assigning of the unique digital address may be done by sending an instruction or a command via connections  105  to all the lighting devices  110  connected. The instruction or the command may be any instruction  650  that indicates that a lighting device  110  will be assigned an unique digital address. The same or another instruction may be transmitted identifying a first unique digital address, or the first address  127  to all the lighting devices  110 . A user may place a hand, or any other object  450 , within the vicinity of a switch  400  associated with a particular lighting device  110 . The light detector  420  of the light switch enclosure  400  may detect the presence of the hand and send the signal to the lighting device  110  associated with the light switch enclosure  400 . The receipt of the signal by the lighting device  110  will indicate to the lighting device  110  that the user has identified that particular lighting device  110  as the lighting device  110  to be assigned the first address  127 . This particular lighting device  110  may then save the address  127  and use the address  127  for communicating with any other lighting devices  110  on the network of lighting devices  110 . In such or similar manner the user may identify other lighting devices  110  and assign to them any particular unique digital addresses or addresses  127 . The user may also assign to a group of lighting devices  110  one address  127 , such that entire group will behave and act in accordance with instructions or commands transmitted along with that particular address  127 . 
         [0202]    Non-contact switch  400  may be used for assigning a master or slave status to any lighting device  110 . In some embodiments, the user may select a master or slave status by placing a hand in the vicinity of the light switch enclosures  400  associated with particular lighting devices  110 . A component of a lighting system  100  may receive an instruction or a signal that the lighting system  110  is placed into an assignment mode. An assignment mode may be any mode of operation of the lighting system  100  wherein the lighting system  100  assigns an addresses  127  or a status, such as slave or master status, to one or more lighting system  100  components. In some embodiments, an assignment mode is a mode, a function, a feature of a lighting system  100  to assign an addresses  127  to any lighting system  100  component. In other embodiments, an assignment mode is a mode, a function, a feature of a lighting system  100  to assign an master or a slave status to any lighting system  100  component. In yet further embodiments, an assignment mode is a mode, a function, a feature of a lighting system  100  to assign any number of lighting devices to a group. Assignment mode may be a mode of operation or configuration in which the lighting system  100  allows the user to select via non-contact switch  400  associated with light sources  110  the light sources  110  will be assigned to specific statuses, specific groups or specific addresses  127 . When the lighting system  100  is placed in the assignment mode, the lighting system may send a group assigning instruction to each lighting device  110 . The user may select via non-contact switch  400  which of the lighting devices will be assigned to this particular group. Following the selection, the user may exit the assignment mode and each selected light source  110  may be saved into the group as selected. Similarly, the user may assign addresses  127  or master and slave statuses to each of the lighting devices  110 . 
         [0203]    Assignment mode, implemented by a non-contact switch  400 , may be any function or a setting of any of the lighting system  100  components, such as a function, a feature or a setting implemented by any of a controller  120 , a communicator  125 , a master/slave addressor  130 , a power supply  140  or a light source  110 . Assignment mode may include a software, a hardware or a combination of software and hardware for implementing tasks relating to assignment of addresses  127  for each of the lighting system  100  components. Assignment mode may include a means for transmitting or receiving messages from each of the lighting system  100  components who have received and accepted the addresses  127 . Assignment mode may further receive confirmation messages from the lighting devices  110  that were selected by the user via non-contact switch  400 . In some embodiments, lighting system  100  components store the address  127  received from the master and transmit the confirmation messages to the master lighting device  110 . The master lighting device  110  may then be aware which lighting devices have accepted and saved the address  127  the user has selected. The master lighting device  127  may send any further communication of these devices using the addresses  127  assigned. In some embodiments, the master lighting device  110  transmits one of a plurality of addresses  127  to each of the lighting system  100  components and waits for the lighting system  100  components to accept the address  127  transmitted. The lighting system  100  components may accept the address  127  upon receiving the signal from a non-contact switch  400  as selected by the user. Those lighting system  100  components selected by the user may return to the master lighting device  110  the confirmation messages indicating that these lighting system  100  component have accepted the addresses  127 . Similarly, the master lighting device  110  may send out group assignment signals to the lighting devices  110  in the network. The lighting devices  110  may, upon receiving signals from the non-contact switch  400  that an object  450  was detected, send to the master lighting device the confirmation signals that the user has selected these lighting devices  110  to be in the same group. The group may be assigned a special group address  127 , or a group identifier. Such a group address or a group identifier may be used to control the group of lighting devices  110  selected by the user in the future. In one example, light source  110 A accepting address  127 A previously sent by the master receives a signal from a light switch enclosure that a user&#39;s presence, or an object  450 , was detected. The light source  110 A sends a confirmation message confirming that light source  110 A has accepted the address  127 . The master lighting device  110 , in response to the received confirmation message, associates address  127  with the lighting system  100  component for any future communication. In some embodiments, assignment mode entails the master receiving messages from one or more lighting system  100  components and assigning addresses  127  in response to the received messages. 
         [0204]    In one example, a non-contact switch  400  may be utilized with associated lighting system  100  components for assignment of addresses  127 . In some embodiments, a master communicates with a plurality of lighting system  100  components which may or may not have a master status. One of the plurality of lighting system  100  components is a light source  110 A. In a number of embodiments, lighting system  100  components send information to the master using non-contact switch  400  associated with lighting system  100  components. A master may be placed in an assignment mode and may be available to receive any information from any one or more of lighting system  100  components. A user may select a light source  110 A by placing an object  450 , such as a hand, in front of a non-contact switch  400  associated with the light source  110 A. Light detector  420  of the non-contact switch  400 , in response to the placed object  450 , detects light emitted by LED  405  and non-contact switch  400  sends a signal indicating that the light source  110 A is selected. Light source  110 A transmits a signal to the master indicating the user&#39;s selection and the master assigns an address  127 , such as address  127 A, to light source  110 A. The master transmits information notifying light source  110 A of the new address  127  assigned to the light source  110 A. The light source  110 A uses the assigned address  127  to receive for communication with master or any other lighting system  100  component. In some embodiments, light source  110 A uses the assigned address  127  to recognize which information transmitted by any other lighting system  100  component is addressed to light source  110 A. 
         [0205]    In a similar example, the user may proceed to select any number of lighting system  100  components by placing an object  450  in front of a non-contact switch  400  associated of each selected lighting system  100  component. The master, in response to user&#39;s selections via a non-contact switch  400 , may assign an address  127  to each of the user selected lighting  100  system components. Upon completing all the selections, the user may terminate the assignment mode and the master may store all the addresses  127  and lighting system  100  components associated with each of the addresses  127 . The lighting system  100  components may use addresses  127  assigned to transmit or receive information or communication among the lighting system  100  components assigned. In some embodiments, similar methods may be used to create a group of lighting system  100  components, or a group of light sources  100 . A user may configure the group by selecting via non-contact switch  400  the light sources  110  that are the members of the group. In further embodiments, non-contact switch  400  may be used to distinguish a group of light sources  110  from another group of light sources  110 . In some embodiments, each of the groups selected may be controlled separately by the lighting system  100 . Each lighting system  100  component may store an addresses  127  of the group or a zone. As the commands or instructions are received for the light sources  110  of the specific group, the address  127  may be used as a key to address the members of the specific group to perform a certain function without affecting light sources  110  of other groups. Such addresses may also be referred to as group identifiers. Non-contact switch  400  may be used in any combination with any other lighting system  100  component to select, set up or configure any number of lighting system  100  components. 
         [0206]    Referring now to  FIG. 5B , an embodiment of steps of a method for detecting an object is depicted. At step  505 , an LED of a device emits a signal. At step  510 , a first portion of the signal reflects off of a transparent cover towards a detector of the device and a second portion of the signal propagates through the transparent cover. At step  515 , a gain circuit maintains a predetermined operation of the detector. At step  520 , the detector determines that a reflected first portion of the signal is below a threshold of the detector. At step  525 , the second portion of the signal reflects off of an object outside of the device towards the detector of the device. At step  530 , the device determines that the object is present responsive to the detector determining that the reflected first and second portions of the signal exceed the threshold of the detector. 
         [0207]    Further referring to step  505  of  FIG. 5B , a LED of a device emits a signal. The signal emitted may be any signal, such has an electromagnetic signal. In some embodiments, the signal is an infrared signal or a radio signal. In further embodiments, the signal is a modulated signal comprising a carrier frequency between 20 and 60 kilohertz, such as 40 kilohertz for example. The carrier frequency may be a frequency of pulses of bursts of light emitted by the LED. The signal may further be amplitude, frequency, phase or pulse width modulated. In some embodiments, the signal may further be modulated in any additional way. In some embodiments, the signal comprises high components of the signal and low components of the signal. In some embodiments, high components of the signal correspond to pulses of light emitted from the LED. In further embodiments, low components of the signal correspond to durations of time when there are no pulses of the signal. In still further embodiments, low components of the signal correspond to durations of time where LED emits light having a lower intensity than the intensity of light emitted during the emission of high components of the signal. The high components of the signal may comprise or correspond to portions of the signal comprising voltage, current, power or intensity that is higher or larger than the voltage, current, power or intensity of the portions of the signal that are comprised by, or correspond to, the low components. The signal may comprise portions of the signal comprising any number of pulses such as 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 80, 90 or 100 pulses for example. In some embodiments, the portions of the signal comprise more than 100 pulses, such as 200, 500 or 1000 pulses. Each pulse may be a part of a period comprising high and low components. In some embodiments, a pulse may comprise any number of periods comprising high and low components. In further embodiments, a pulse comprises a high component and a duration of signal not having a pulse comprises a low component. The signal may be emitted within any conical angle from the LED, such as 180 degrees, for example. The signal may be emitted from within an enclosure of the device. The signal may comprise any type and form of communication comprising instructions, commands or data. The signal may comprise communication for any component of the lighting system  100 , such as for example a lighting device  100  or another non-contact switch  400 . 
         [0208]    At step  510 , a transparent cover of the device reflects a first portion of the signal and allows a second portion of the signal to propagate through or transmit through the transparent cover. In some embodiments, the first portion is emitted by a first light source of the LED  405  and the second portion is emitted by a second light source of the LED  405 . In further embodiments, the first and the second portions are emitted by the same light source of the LED  405 . In other embodiments, the first and second portions of the signal are emitted by different light sources of the LED  405 . In still further embodiments, some portions of the first or second portions of the signal are emitted by multiple light sources of the LED  405 , which may be same or different light sources. In some embodiments, the signal may be reflected from components, such as enclosure of the device, led controller  410 , power supply  140 , light detector  420 , detector controller  425 , connections  105  or any other component of the non-contact switch  400 . In some embodiments, a first portion of the signal is reflected off of the transparent cover  460 . A portion of the first portion of the signal may be reflected towards a light detector, such as the light detector  420 . In some embodiments, the second portion of the signal propagates through the transparent cover and exit the non-contact switch  400 . The transparent cover may reflect a percentage of the signal, such as 2, 4, 6, 8 or 10 percent and propagate the remainder of the signal. 
         [0209]    At step  520 , a gain circuit maintains, monitors, controls or adjusts operation of the detector. Gain circuit may be gain circuit  470 . The detector may be light detector  420 . Gain circuit may maintain operation of the detector to ensure that the detector operates within a predetermined sensitivity range. In some embodiments, predetermined sensitivity range may be an average intensity range of the detector that is below the threshold for detecting a presence of an object  450 . In some embodiments, specific sensitivity range may be an average intensity range of the light detected that is above the detection threshold for detecting a presence of an object  450 . In other embodiments, specific sensitivity range may be an average intensity range of the light detected that includes a detection threshold for detecting a presence of an object  450 . In some embodiments, specific sensitivity range may be an intensity or power range of the detector that is below the detection threshold for detecting of the presence of the object  450 . Gain circuit may maintain operation of the detector a specific percentage of the detection threshold intensity or power for detecting the presence of the object  450 . In some embodiments, gain circuit maintains operation of the detector between below the detection threshold for detecting the object  450  by a predetermined percentage of the threshold. The predetermined percentage of the threshold may be any percentage of the intensity or power of light detected to meet or exceed the threshold for detecting of the object  450 . In some embodiments, the predetermined percentage of the threshold may be between 0 and 5 percent, 5 and 10 percent, 10 and 20 percent, 20 and 30, 30 and 40 percent, 40 and 50, 50 and 60 percent, 60 and 70 percent, 70 and 80 percent, 80 and 90 percent, 90 and 95 percent, or 95 and 100 percent of the detection threshold. In some embodiments, the gain circuit determines that the signal or a portion of the signal detected by the detector is below the specific sensitivity range. The portion of the signal may be a duration of any number of pulses, such as between 1 and 10 pulses, 10 and 20 pulses, 20 and 30 pulses, 30 and 40 pulses, 40 and 50 pulses, 50 and 60 pulses, 60 and 80 pulses, 80 and 100 pulses, 100 and 200 pulses, 200 and 2000 pulses or any other number of pulses. In some embodiments, the gain circuit determines that a portion of the signal comprising any number of high components and low components is below the specific sensitivity range. The gain circuit may adjust or increase the gain to ensure that the detector detects the portion of the signal within the specific sensitivity range or within a specific percentage range of the detection threshold. Similarly, the gain circuit may determine that a portion of the signal comprising any number of high components and low components is above the specific sensitivity range. The gain circuit may adjust or decrease the gain to ensure that the detector detects the portion of the signal within the specific sensitivity range or within a specific percentage range of the detection threshold. Adjustment of gain may be done by varying pulse width of the signal. In some embodiments, adjustment of gain is implemented by increasing or decreasing a duration high components of each pulse. In further embodiments, adjustment is implemented by increasing or decreasing a duration of low components of each pulse. By adjusting the high component to low component duration ratio of the pulses of the signal the device may adjust the gain of the detector. Adjustment of gain may be done at a specific rate to allow the gain not to be adjusted fast enough in embodiments when object  450  approaches the device. In such instances, the object  450  may cause the portion of the signal detected to exceed the detection threshold of the detector faster than the gain circuit would adjust the gain of the signal. 
         [0210]    At step  520 , the detector determines that a reflected first portion of the signal is below a threshold of the detector. The threshold of the detector may be a sufficient the power or intensity of signal detected by the detector to recognize the presence of the object  450 . In some embodiments, the reflected first portion of the signal includes the portion of the signal reflected by the transparent cover  460 . In further embodiments, the reflected portion of the signal includes the portions of the signal reflected by any segment or component of the non-contact switch  400 . In still further embodiments, detector determines that the total signal reaching the detector is below the threshold, in response to actions, adjustments or maintaining of performance performed by the gain circuit. 
         [0211]    At step  525 , the second portion of the signal reflects off of an object outside of the device. The second portion of the signal may comprise a portion of the signal that has propagated through the transparent cover. The second portion of the signal may comprise a portion of the signal that has propagated through the transparent cover and has reflected off of an object, such as an object  450 . In some embodiments, the second portion of the signal or a portion of the second portion of the signal reflects towards detector, such as the light detector  420 . In further embodiments, the second portion of the signal or a portion of the second portion of the signal reflects off the object and through the transparent cover towards the detector. The object may be a portion of a body of a person, such as a user, or any embodiment of the object  450 . 
         [0212]    At step  530 , the device determines that the object is present responsive to the detector determining that the reflected first and second portions of the signal exceed the threshold of the detector. In some embodiments, the detector determines that the reflected first and second portions of the signal exceed the threshold of the detector. In some embodiments, the detector receives the reflected second portion of the signal reflected off of the object  450  in addition to the received first portion of the signal. The detector may detect the sum of the reflected first and second portions of the signal. In some embodiments, the detector detects average intensity or power of the reflected first and second portions of the signal. In further embodiments, the detector determines that the sum of the received first and second portions of the signal exceeds the threshold intensity or power needed for the detector to recognize the presence of the object  450 . In still further embodiments, the device determines that the object is present responsive to the determination of the detector that the reflected first and second portions of the signal exceed the intensity or power threshold of the detector needed to detect the presence of the object. In still further embodiments, the determination that the object is present is responsive to the actions or adjustments by the gain circuit. In still further embodiments, the determination that the reflected first and second portions of the signal exceed the threshold is further based on the average intensity of the plurality of pulses of the reflected first and second portions of signal exceeding the threshold established by the gain circuit. 
       F. Systems and Methods for Assigning of Master and Slave Status 
       [0213]    Referring now to  FIG. 6A , an embodiment of a system for assigning of master or slave status to a light device  110  is illustrated.  FIG. 6A  depicts lighting devices  110 A and  110 B exchanging communication signals via a connection  105 . Lighting device  110 A comprises controller  120 A, master/slave addressor  130 A and a communicator  125 A that further includes address  127 A and detector  605 A. Lighting device  110 B includes a controller  110 B that comprises communicator  125 B, address  127 B and master/slave addressor  123 B. The signals or communication transmitted between the lighting devices  110 A and  110 B include data  210 , data bits  215  and instruction bits  220  that are divided into time intervals or periods  205 . Data  210 , data bits  215  and instruction bits  220  within each period  205  define a duty cycle of each period  205 . The duty cycle of each period  205  may further define or identify power  655  or intensity  658  for the lighting devices  110 . Data  210 , data bits  215  and instruction bits  220  of the signals may form instructions  650  for assigning master or slave status to the lighting devices  110 . The instructions  650  in addition to providing instructions for assigning status, such as a master or slave status, may also be included within the duty cycle that may also provide power  655  and/or intensity  658  for the lighting device  110 . 
         [0214]    In further detail,  FIG. 6A  illustrates a detector  605  that receives, detects and identifies instructions  650 . Detector  605  may include any type and form of hardware, software or a combination of hardware and software. Detector  605  may include any type and form of a device, a unit, a structure, an apparatus, a function, an algorithm, a script, an executable file, a software application or a software program that operates on a computing device such as a lighting device with a processor. In some embodiments, detector  605  includes any type and form of a function, application, device, unit or a structure for receiving, detecting, identifying, managing or manipulating instructions  650 . Detector  605  may comprise any unit, function or a component for identifying or recognizing instructions  650  from any type and form of data  210 , such as data bits  215  or instruction bits  220 . In some embodiments, detector  605  includes any type and form of a policy or a policy engine. In further embodiments, detector  605  includes a rule or a rule engine. The policy or policy engine or the rule or the rule engine may determine or identify actions to be taken in response to the instructions  650 . In further embodiments, detector  605  includes a parser that parses incoming data  210 , data bits  215  and instruction bits  220 . The parsed data may be used by any component of the lighting device  110  to implement or execute actions as defined by the received instructions  650 . In some embodiments, the parsed data is used to operate the lighting device  110  as identified by the power  655  or intensity  658 . In further embodiments, detector  605  determines the duty cycle within each of the time interval or period  205 . In still further embodiments, detector  605  determines the starting or ending point of each of the time intervals or periods  205 . 
         [0215]    Power  650  may be any rate of delivery of electrical energy to a lighting device  110 . In some embodiments, power  650  is a product of voltage and current delivered to a lighting device  110 . The power  650  may be delivered to the lighting device  110  from another lighting device  110 , from a power supply  140  or from any power outlet or plug. In some embodiments, power  650  is defined by the duty cycle of a signal or communication received by the lighting device  110  via connection  105 . In some embodiments, power  650  within a period  205  is defined by a ratio of a duration of a period  205  for which the signal or communication have a high value to a duration of the entire duration of the period  205 . In further embodiments, power  650  within a period  205  is defined by an average voltage, current or power value of the signal within the period  205 . In some embodiments, power  650  may be defined by a signal that comprises a plurality of periods  205 . The lighting device  110  may emit light or otherwise operate in accordance with power  650 . The power  650  may change from period  205  to period  205 . In some embodiments, the power  650  may remain unchanged over any number of consecutive periods  205 , regardless if some periods  205  comprise one or more instructions  650 . 
         [0216]    Intensity  658  may be any amount of electromagnetic radiation emitted or emanated or to be emitted or emanated from the lighting device  110 . In some embodiments, intensity  658  identifies an amount of photons of light emitted from the lighting device  110 . In further embodiments, intensity  658  is an amount of light emitted by lighting device  110  per a predetermined amount of time. In some embodiments, intensity  658  is defined by the duty cycle of a signal or communication received by the lighting device  110  via connection  105 . In some embodiments, intensity  658  within a period  205  is defined by a ratio of a duration of a period  205  for which the signal or communication have a high value to a duration of the entire duration of the period  205 . In further embodiments, intensity  658  within a period  205  is defined by an average voltage, current or power value of the signal within the period  205 . In some embodiments, intensity  658  may be defined by a signal that comprises a plurality of periods  205 . The lighting device  110  may emit light or otherwise operate in accordance with intensity  658 . The intensity  658  may change from period  205  to period  205 . In some embodiments, intensity  658  may remain unchanged over any number of consecutive periods  205 , regardless if some periods  205  comprise one or more instructions  650 . 
         [0217]    Instructions  650  may include any type and form of commands, instructions, or configurations, such as for assigning a status to a lighting device  110 . Instructions  650  may include data  210 , data bits  215  or instruction bits  220 . In some embodiment, instructions  650  includes any combination of data  220 , data bits  215  or instruction bits  220 . In some embodiments, instructions  650  include any type and form or commands and instructions for assigning a status of a master or a slave to a lighting device  110 . The status of a master may enable the lighting device  110  to send out instructions or commands to one or more lighting devices on a network. The status of a master may further enable the lighting device to control, manage or modify operation, functionality or output of other lighting devices  110  connected to the lighting devices  110  via the connection  105 . The status of a slave may enable the lighting device  110  to receive instructions and commands from a lighting device  110  that is assigned a status of the master. The status of a slave may enable the lighting device to be controlled, managed or have its operation, functionality or output modified by the lighting device that is assigned a status of the master. The lighting device  110  assigned the status of a slave may be modified, commanded, operated or have its operation or functionality controlled or modified by the lighting device  110  having the status of the master by receiving instructions  650  via the connection  105 . 
         [0218]    In some embodiments, instructions  650  include messages used to diagnose problems of lighting devices  110 . Instructions  650  may include requests and responses to the requests and may be sent by master or slave lighting devices  650 , such as: 
         [0000]    LC_ACK_ON_ALERTS sending an acknowledgement to check for an error, such as humidity, temperature or voltage error;
 
LC_CLEAR_ALERTS clearing alert flags from the lighting device  110 ;
 
LC_SET_ALERT_HISTORY setting alert flag if permanent history exists.
 
LC_DRIVE_LED_ALERT setting an alert light or alert LED if an alert is set;
 
LC_DRIVE_LED_ADDRESS setting alert light to on when a match between an address  127  of a previously received instruction  650  and an address  127  of the lighting device  110  is detected;
 
LC_NO_DRIVE_LED to set alert light to off;
 
LC_ACK_ON_AMBIENT sending an acknowledgement if ambient light detector is active;
 
LC_ACK_ON_PIR sending an acknowledgement if an object  450  is detected on a light switch enclosure.
 
         [0219]    In some embodiments, instructions  650  include messages that include commands for controlling or managing of the lighting devices  110 . Instructions  650  may include dimming or brightness level instructions, color settings, flashing instructions, timing instructions, or any other control instructions, such as: 
         [0000]    LC_SET_DIM commanding a setting of a dimming or a brightness value
 
LC_SET_RED setting a value of brightness of red light;
 
LC_SET_GREEN setting a value of brightness of green light;
 
LC_SET_BLUE setting a value of brightness of blue light;
 
LC_LATCH_RGB setting a value of brightness or intensity using a previous value for a specific zone or a specific group of lighting devices  110 ;
 
LC_LATCH_RGB_SHORT setting a value of brightness or intensity for all zones or all groups of lighting devices  110 ;
 
LC_MOVING_DOWN decreasing dim or brightness, intensity level;
 
LC_MOVING_UP increasing dim or brightness, intensity level;
 
LC_FOLLOW_DIM_LINE using external source for PWM signal to modify the dim or brightness and intensity level. Such external signal control may be cancelled with LC_SET_DIM instruction;
 
LC_SELECT_LED1 selecting a lighting device  110   a  of the plurality of lighting devices  110 ;
 
LC_SELECT_LED2 selecting a lighting device  110   b  of the plurality of lighting devices  110 ;
 
LC_SELECT_LED3 selecting a lighting device  110   c  of the plurality of lighting devices  110 ;
 
LC_LATCH_FADE_SPEED using a previously sent value to set speed of fading light between 0% and 100%;
 
LC_LATCH_MAX_LEVEL using a previously sent value as maximum dim or intensity, brightness level;
 
LC_LATCH_SMOOTH_TIME using a previously sent value as dim number last sent as DIM transition time for “smooth DIM”
 
LC_LATCH_ON_TIME using a value sent as a time interval during which the lighting device  110  will be turned on during the strobe or flashing effect;
 
LC_LATCH_OFF_TIME using a value sent as a time interval during which the lighting device  110  will be turned off during the strobe or flashing effect;
 
LC_START_FLASH starting a flashing or strobe effect by counting PWM pulses from the master lighting device  110 ;
 
LC_STOP_FLASH stopping the flashing or strobe effect.
 
         [0220]    In some embodiments, instructions  650  include messages that set or check addresses of the lighting devices  110 . Instructions  650  may include any requests for address matches, setting of addresses, such as: 
         [0000]    LC_ACK_ADDRESS requesting response from specific address. The address may include a number between 1 and 511. This instruction may send 0 to clear the addresses;
 
LC_ENTER_LEARN_MODE turning on the learn mode or the addressing assignment mode and allowing the lighting devices  110  to learn set addresses, be assigned addresses or modify addresses; LC_CANCEL_LEARN_MODE ignoring learn mode and not saving the modified addresses;
 
LC_EXIT_LEARN_MODE turning off the learn mode or the addressing assignment mode;
 
LC_ACK_ZONE_MATCH sending acknowledgement if a one-wire zone or group of lighting devices  110  was recognized;
 
LC_FLASH_ZONE_ID flashing a zone identifier;
 
LC_RESET_ZONE setting the zone to default, such as value of 0 for example.
 
         [0221]    In some embodiments, instructions  650  include messages that activate or deactivate light switch enclosure detection of an object  450 , such as: 
         [0000]    LC_IR_TOUCH_SENSE commanding to use infrared, or IR, touch sensing;
 
LC_IR_CODE_SENSE commanding to use IR receive code sensing;
 
LC_PIR_SENSE commanding to use passive IR person sensing
 
LC_KEY_FOB_SENSE commanding to use wireless key fob sensing
 
LC_OTHER_SENSE commanding to use unlisted or an auxiliary technology for sensing
 
LC_NO_SENSE commanding to turn off all sensing, and instead use the line communication between the lighting devices  110  only.
 
         [0222]    In some embodiments, instructions  650  include messages that set or check for master or slave statuses of the lighting devices  110 . Instructions  650  may assign or verify master and slave statuses of the lighting devices using any number of commands, such as: 
         [0000]    LC_ACK_MASTER sending a global request to all the lighting devices  110  to acknowledge a master status of a lighting device  110 .
 
LC_ACK_GRANT_MASTER granting or assigning a master status to a lighting device  110  previously having a slave status;
 
LC_ACK_DECODE_ERR sending an acknowledgement response stating that the instruction  650  to acknowledge a master status was not recognized;
 
LC_CHECK_FOR_SLAVE sending a request to set a status of a lighting device  110  to slave status;
 
LC_ACK_REQ_SHORT sending a default request to set a hardware to clear.
 
         [0223]    In some embodiments, instructions  650  include messages that configure options, such as clock and timing of the lighting devices. Such instructions may grant or assign generic status or be used for control of communications, such as: 
         [0000]    LC_POWER_ON_FULL powering on the lighting devices  110  to full 100% brightness or intensity;
 
LC_POWER_ON_LAST remembering a previous setting for next power-on
 
LC_SET_NUMBER setting current value to be used for intensity, addresses, status, commands or communication to any value between 0 and 1023.
 
LC_LATCH_COUNT using a value previously sent as count for upload/download bytes in packet, time setting;
 
LC_LATCH_CLOCK_TIME using a value previously sent for a time and date, such as years/days/hours/seconds of time;
 
LC_SET_ACTION using a value previously sent to assign the date and time of the event;
 
LC_RESET_HARDWARE resetting hardware of the lighting devices  110 ;
 
LC_RAW_DATA sending raw data, such as higher-level protocol for extended commands;
 
LC_REQUEST_STATUS asking for configuration string.
 
         [0224]    Instructions  650  may include status responses for lighting devices  110  such as, 12″ V-Line “Gen2.1”, 18″ V-Line “Gen-2.1”, Touch V1, Aperion V2, TriLight V3, Lightlink 105 V3, LightLink 101 V3, Super LightLink, or any other lighting device  110 . The instructions  650  may further include current software version or revision. In some embodiments, instructions  650  include software interfaces used for communication, such as the line, DMX communication interface, differential serial communication line or a wireless connection. Instructions  650  may further include hardware features installed, such as InfraRed, or IR detect present, light switch enclosure  400  or PIR detect present, ambient light sensor present, fire sensor present, DMZ interface present or wireless radio present. Instructions  650  may further include input selections, such as: 0 to 10 volt input, 10 volt current source, MOM switch, DMX address, PWM signal input, inverted PWM signal input, preset switch input, IR touch or IR command line. Instructions  650  may further include a time, such as current time of day, total on duration of time, lighting device  110  on running time, and event timers. Instructions  650  may include humidity, temperature and voltage error readings, such as: humidity reading, minimum lifetime humidity reading with time stamp, maximum lifetime humidity reading with time stamp, temperature reading, minimum lifetime temperature reading with time stamp, maximum lifetime temperature reading with time stamp and over voltage detection with time stamp. Sometimes, instructions  650  may further include current status of sensors, such as: IR detect, PIR detect, PIR person detector tripped since last request, current state of ambient light sensor, and current state of the fire or smoke sensor. 
         [0225]    Connection  105 , which may also be referred to as the line, may be any medium through which signals, communications, instructions, power and intensity are transmitted. In some embodiments, the line is a I2Systems Lightlink™ of I2Systems Inc. In further embodiments, the line is I2Systems or I2System Lightlink Control Bus, also referred to as LLCB by I2Systems Inc. The line may comprise a single active wire connection between two or more lighting devices  110  and a single ground return wire. Two or more lighting devices  110  may be connected via the line in parallel connection, in series connection or in any combination of parallel and series connections. In some embodiments, the lighting devices are connected in a parallel connection pattern in which the communication receiving pins of the lighting devices  110  are connected to the active wire of the line and ground pins of the lighting devices  110  are connected to the ground wire of the line. In some embodiments, the line includes a medium for controlling lighting devices  110  via a lighting dimmer scheme, such as a DMX-512 protocol for a DMX connection. In further embodiments, the line includes a RS-232 connection, a wireless connection or an Ethernet connection. In still further embodiments, the line is any medium supporting or handling any 8/16 bit digital communication. 
         [0226]    In one embodiment, a master lighting device  110   a  communicates with a plurality of slave lighting devices  110  via the line. The line may include an active wire via which the communications are transmitted, and a ground return wire. Communications transmitted may include signals, instructions, request and response messages, power or intensity modulating signals, commands, configurations, settings, read-backs or any other type and form of transmissions. The communications may be digital transmissions of any voltage or current characteristics or range. In some embodiments, digital pulse width modulated (PWM) signals based on a 5 volt digital logic are transmitted via the line. The PWM signals may use a 5 volt signal to indicate a high state, while a 0 volt transmission may indicate a low state. A threshold distinguishing between the high and the low levels may be any value between 0 and 5 volts, such as 2.5 volts for example. In some embodiments, the signal in addition to only two levels, a high level and a low level, may further include additional levels, such as a third level, a fourth level, a fifth level, and so on. The line may transmit communication using a half-duplex channel allowing a single lighting device  110   a  to send a communication at one time. The lighting devices  110  receiving the communication may send acknowledgement transmissions in response to the received communication. The acknowledgement may include a response that a received instruction  650  was implemented or an indication that the received communication was acknowledged. In some embodiments, acknowledgements include a response that an error occurred or that that the received instruction  650  was not acknowledged. For example, the master lighting device  110   a  may send an instruction  650  to set a first slave lighting device  110   b  as a master lighting device. In response to the received instruction  650 , the master lighting device  110   a  may receive acknowledgements from each of the lighting devices  110 . Once each of the lighting devices  110  has acknowledged affirmatively, the first slave lighting device  110   b  may be assigned a master status and all the remaining lighting devices  110 , including the master lighting device  110   a , may be assigned a slave status. The first slave lighting device  110   b  is from that point on recognized as the master and may send any instructions  650  or commands to any of the lighting devices  110 . Thus, the group of lighting devices  110  in this embodiment only have a single master lighting device  110  at a given time. 
         [0227]    Instructions and acknowledgements transmitted between the lighting devices  110  may be sent via the line using any communication, such as DMX communication that uses DMX-512 protocol. In some embodiments, the DMX communication may be used or modified to enable two-way communication between lighting devices  110  by using RS-232 connections to listen for incoming communication, such as instructions or acknowledgements. Instructions or commands may be of any bit length, such as 2 bits, 4 bits, 8 bits, 16 bits or 32 bits. In some embodiments, instructions include a command of 4 bits, 8 bits of data and 4 bit checksum. In further embodiments, an additional instruction may be used to check for activity over the line. The rate of the communication transmitted via the line may vary. In some embodiments, communication is transmitted via the line at a rate of 250 cps. In further embodiments, communication transmitted may be at speed of 500 cps or clocks per second, 1000 cps, 4000 cps, 16000 cps or any other rate. 
         [0228]    Referring now to  FIG. 6B , an embodiment of steps for a method for assigning a status to a lighting device over a single line or a connection used by the lighting device to communicate with one or more of other lighting devices is illustrated. At step  605 , a first lighting device receives via a line a signal comprising an instruction within a first duty cycle. At step  610 , a detector of the first lighting device detects the instruction. At step  615 , a master/slave addressor assigns a status identified by the instruction to the first lighting device. At step  620 , the first lighting device emits light identified by the first duty cycle. At step  625 , the first lighting device receives via the line a second signal comprising a second duty cycle. At step  630 , the detector detects that the second signal comprises no instruction and the first lighting device emits light identified by the second duty cycle. 
         [0229]    At step  605 , a first lighting device, such as the lighting device  110 , receives via a line a signal comprising an instruction within a first duty cycle. The first lighting device may receive the signal via any line, such as a connection  105  for example. In some embodiments, the signal is transmitted to the first lighting device via a conducting wire. In further embodiments, the first lighting device receives the signal via a wireless link. In yet further embodiments, the first lighting device receives the signal in the form of an electromagnetic wireless transmission that can be of any bandwidth or spectral range. In still further embodiments, the first lighting device receives the signal via an optical fiber or via any type and form of a waveguide. The signal received may include any type and form of a communication or a transmission, such as digital, analog, optical, wireless, electromagnetic or electrical signal or transmission. The signal may be divided into any number of periods  205 . In some embodiments, the signal is of a duration of a single period  205 . In other embodiments, the signal is of a duration of a plurality of periods  205 . The signal may include any number of instructions, such as the instructions  650 . In some embodiments, the instruction includes an instruction  650  to set or establish a status of the first lighting device. In further embodiments, the instruction includes an instruction or a command to set or establish a master status to the first lighting device. In other embodiments, the instruction includes an instruction or a command to establish a slave status to the first lighting device. In still further embodiments, the instruction includes an instruction or a command to set or establish an intermediary status to the first lighting device. The intermediary status may be a status different from the master status or the slave status. The intermediary status may enable the first lighting device to act or operate as a master to a first number of lighting devices and to act or operate as a slave to a second number of lighting devices. The first number of lighting devices and the second number of lighting devices may be connected to the first lighting device via the same line, such as a connection  105 . The instructions comprised by the signal may be included within the first duty cycle of the signal. The first duty cycle may be a duty cycle of a first period  205  of a plurality of periods  205  of the signal. The first duty cycle may be any fraction or a ratio of a duration of a period  205  for which the signal includes a high voltage value over the total duration of the period  205 . In some embodiments, first duty cycle is a fraction or a ratio of a duration of a period  205  for which the signal includes a high current value over the total duration of the period  205 . In further embodiments, first duty cycle is a fraction or a ratio of a duration of a period  205  for which the signal includes a high power value over the total duration of the period  205 . In some embodiments, duty cycle includes an average value of the signal averaged over the period  205 . The total duration of the period  205  may include portions of the signal having any number of values. 
         [0230]    At step  610 , any component of the first lighting device detects the instruction. The instruction may be any instruction  650 . In some embodiments, detector  605  detects the instruction  650 . In further embodiments, communicator  125  detects the instruction  650 . In still further embodiments, controller  120  detects the instruction  650 . In yet further embodiments, master/slave addressor  130  detects the instruction  650 . The first lighting device may detect the instruction using any type and form of a detecting mechanism, apparatus, application or a device. In some embodiments, the first lighting device detects the instruction  650  using a detector that monitors the receiving signal detects the instruction  650  within the signal. In further embodiments, the first lighting device monitors the incoming signal for a specific signal profile in order to detect the instruction. The lighting device  110  may detect the instruction  650  by matching an address or an identifier comprised by the incoming instruction  650  to address  127  stored on the lighting device  110 . The address or the identifier of the instruction  650  may include any set of characters, numbers, symbols, data  210 , data bits  215  or instruction bits  220 . In some embodiments, the address or the identifier of the instruction  650  includes a set of data bits  215 , characters, numbers or symbols that that match data bits  215 , characters, numbers or symbols of the address  127  stored on the lighting device  110 . The first lighting device may detect the instruction  650  by parsing the received instruction into components, one of which may be an address comprised by the instruction  650 . The address or the identifier of the parsed instruction  650  may be matched to the address  127  of the first lighting device by the detector  605 . In some embodiments, detector  605  matches the address or the identifier of the instruction  650  to the address  127  of the lighting device using any type and form of a logic comparator, a policy or a rule. In further embodiments, the lighting device uses a policy engine to match an address or the identifier of the instruction  650  to the address  127  of the lighting device. In still further embodiments, the lighting device uses a rule engine to match an address or the identifier of the instruction  650  to the address  127  of the lighting device. In yet further embodiments, the lighting device  110  uses any combination of a comparator, a logic component a parser, a rule engine, a policy engine or any other matching or detecting unit to detect the instruction  650 . Detector  605  may further identify the type of instruction, such as an instruction  650  to assign a master status, a slave status or any other type of status to the first lighting device  110 . In some embodiments, the first lighting device  110  identifies the instruction to assign a master status to the first lighting device. In other embodiments, the first lighting device identifies the instruction to assign a slave status to the first lighting device. In further embodiments, the first lighting device identifies the instruction to assign any other status, such as an intermediary status, to the first lighting device. 
         [0231]    At step  615 , a component of the first lighting device assigns a status to the first lighting device. The status may be assigned to the first lighting device  110  in response to the identification of the received instruction  650  by the detector  605 . The status may be assigned to the first lighting device  110  in response to the matching of the address or the identifier of the instruction  650 . In some embodiments, master/slave addressor  130  of the first lighting device assigns the status to the first lighting device  110 . In other embodiments, any component of the lighting device  110  assigns the status to the first lighting device  110 . In further embodiments, the status assigned to the first lighting device  110  is identified by the instruction  650  received by the first lighting device  110 . The status may be assigned in response to the detection of the instruction  650 . In some embodiments, the status is assigned in response to the matching of the address or the identifier of the instruction  650  with the address  127  of the first lighting device  110 . In still further embodiments, master/slave addressor  130  modifies or edits configuration of the first lighting device  110  in accordance with the status identified by the instruction  650 . Master/slave addressor  130  may edit or modify settings or configuration of the first lighting device  110  to a specific configuration of the status identified by the instruction  650 . In some embodiments, master/slave addressor  130  edits or modifies the configuration of the first lighting device to the master configuration in response to the detection  650  of the instruction to set the first lighting device  110  to the status of the master. In further embodiments, master/slave addressor  130  edits or modifies the configuration of the first lighting device  110  to the slave configuration in response to the detection of the instruction  650  to set the first lighting device  110  to the status of a slave. In yet further embodiments, master/slave addressor  130  edits or modifies the configuration of the first lighting device to the intermediary configuration in response to the detection of the instruction to set the first lighting device to the intermediary status. Modified configuration in response to the detection of the instruction  650  to set up or assign a master status to the first lighting device  110  may change operation of the first lighting device  110  to control or manage other lighting devices connected via the line. In some embodiments, modified configuration in response to the detection of the instruction  650  to assign or set up a slave status to the first lighting device  110  changes or modifies the operation of the first lighting device  110  to be controlled or managed by another lighting device  110  that is connected via the line, or the connection  105 , to the first lighting device  110 . 
         [0232]    At step  620 , the first lighting device emits light identified by the first duty cycle. The first lighting device  110  may emit the light having the intensity  650  or the power  655  as defined by the first duty cycle or as defined by the signal within the first duty cycle. In some embodiments, the first lighting device emits light that has intensity  658  that is identified by the first duty cycle. In further embodiments, first lighting device emits light that has intensity  658  that is identified by the plurality of successive duty cycles, such as the first duty cycle. In still further embodiments, the first lighting device emits light that has intensity  658  that is proportional to the first duty cycle. In still further embodiments, the first lighting device emits light that has intensity  658  that is proportional to the maximum intensity of light emitted by the first lighting device multiplied by the first duty cycle. In some embodiments, the first lighting device emits light that has power  655  identified by the first duty cycle. In further embodiments, first lighting device emits light that has power  655  identified by the plurality of successive duty cycles. In still further embodiments, the first lighting device emits light that has power  655  that is proportional to the first duty cycle. In still further embodiments, the first lighting device emits light that has power  655  that is proportional to the maximum power used by the first lighting device multiplied by the first duty cycle. In further embodiments, the first lighting device  110  emits light that has pulse or intensity variation that is defined or identified by the first duty cycle or by a plurality of duty cycles such as the first duty cycle. 
         [0233]    At step  625 , the first lighting device receives via the line a second signal comprising a second duty cycle. The second signal may be divided into any number of periods  205 . In some embodiments, the second signal is of a duration of a single period  205 . In other embodiments, the second signal is of a duration of a plurality of consecutive periods  205 . The first lighting device may receive via the line a second signal comprising any functionality or any feature of the signal received by the first lighting device in step  605 . In some embodiments, the second signal comprises a second duty cycle that is same as the first duty cycle or substantially similar to the first duty cycle. In other embodiments, the second duty cycle is different from the first duty cycle. The second duty cycle may include any embodiments and any functionality of any duty cycle. The second duty cycle may not include any instructions  650  but may still define or identify the same power  655  or the same intensity  658  as defined by the first duty cycle. In some embodiments, the second duty cycle does not include any instructions  650  but still identifies or defines power  655  that is the same or substantially similar as the power  655  defined or identified by the first duty cycle. In further embodiments, the second duty cycle does not include any instructions  650  but still identifies or defines power  655  that is the same or substantially similar as the power  655  defined or identified by the first duty cycle. 
         [0234]    At step  630 , first lighting device detects that the second signal comprises no instructions and emits light identified by the second duty cycle. In some embodiments, detector  605  detects no instructions  650  within the second signal. The first lighting device may emit light identified by the second duty cycle. The first lighting device  110  may emit the light as identified by the second duty cycle regardless of the presence or absence of the instruction  650  from the signal within the second duty cycle. The first lighting device  110  may emit the light having the intensity  650  or the power  655  as defined by the second duty cycle or as defined by the signal within the second duty cycle. In some embodiments, the first lighting device emits light that has intensity  658  that is proportional to the second duty cycle. In still further embodiments, the first lighting device emits light that has intensity  658  that is proportional to the maximum intensity of light emitted by the first lighting device multiplied by the second duty cycle. In some embodiments, the first lighting device emits light that has power  655  identified by the second duty cycle. In further embodiments, first lighting device emits light that has power  655  identified by the plurality of successive duty cycles. In still further embodiments, the first lighting device emits light that has power  655  that is proportional to the second duty cycle. In still further embodiments, the first lighting device emits light that has power  655  that is proportional to the maximum power used by the first lighting device multiplied by the second duty cycle. In further embodiments, the first lighting device  110  emits light that has pulse or intensity variation that is defined or identified by the second duty cycle or by a plurality of duty cycles such as the second duty cycle. 
       G. Active Thermal Management Via Profile Curves 
       [0235]    Referring now to  FIGS. 7A-7C , embodiments of systems and methods for active thermal management (ATM) techniques of the present solution will be described. As a brief introduction, a lighting device may comprise one or more components for protecting the lighting device and ensuring that the lighting device operates as long as possible and as efficiently as possible. In one aspect, the lighting device may comprise an active thermal management (ATM) device for monitoring the temperature of the lighting device and adjusting the intensity of the light emitted from the lighting device based on the temperature measured. As the lighting devices deployed in various environments may be exposed to temperatures in which they may overheat and thus have a reduced lifetime, the ATM device may monitor the temperature of the lighting device in order to reduce the temperature as necessary to preserve the lighting device. Alleviating the temperature by reducing the intensity of the light emitted, the lighting device may prolong the lifetime of the lighting unit of the lighting device by reducing the intensity of the light emitted and thus alleviating the device and prolonging its life. 
         [0236]    Referring now to  FIG. 7A , an embodiment of a lighting device with ATM is depicted. The lighting device  110  may include a light source, such as LED  405 , driven or controlled by a driver or controller, such as LED controller  410 . A lighting device  110  may comprise an active thermal management (ATM) device  710  for adjusting brightness and intensity of light based on the temperature of the lighting device. The ATM may include a temperature measuring component  715  and a processor  720  for executing a function or equation  725  for adjusting an incoming signal to an adjusted signal. Responsive to profile curves  730 , the processor may also determine the adjusted signal based on the incoming signal and temperature. 
         [0237]    In further details, an ATM device  710  may be attached to a lighting device, comprised within a lighting device or be external to the lighting device. Embodiments of the ATM device may be referred to as device or ATM. The ATM device may comprise hardware, software or a combination of hardware and software for monitoring lighting device temperature and adjusting brightness or intensity of the lighting device responsive to the temperature. The ATM device may comprise memory and storage for storing information, processor  720 , processing units and logic units, logical circuitry as well as analog and digital circuitry for implementing any functionality described herein. The ATM device may comprise functionality to intercept or monitor incoming signals having instructions to instruct the lighting device to emit at a commanded intensity. The ATM device may comprise functionality to intercept the incoming intensity commands from a PWM signal and modify the commands or the signal (e.g., adjusted signal) to achieve the intensity of light needed to modify the temperature of the device. 
         [0238]    The ATM device may comprise a temperature measuring component  715 . In some embodiments, the ATM device may include a processor or microprocessor having a temperature measurement component. The temperature measurement component may comprise a dual diode, a thermometer, a heat sensor or any other electronic or mechanical temperature measuring device. The ATM and/or temperature measuring component may be designed and constructed and/or attached to measure the ambient temperature within lighting device. The ATM and/or temperature measuring component may be designed and constructed and/or attached to measure the temperature of the lighting device. The ATM and/or temperature measuring component may be designed and constructed and/or attached to measure the temperature of the enclosure of the lighting device. The ATM and/or temperature measuring component may be designed and constructed and/or attached to measure the temperature of the ATM device itself. The ATM and/or temperature measuring component may be designed and constructed and/or attached to measure the temperature of the light source  405 . 
         [0239]    The ATM and/or temperature measuring component may be designed and constructed and/or attached to predict, estimate or extrapolate the temperature of an LED based on the ambient temperature. The ATM may apply factors and/or equations to take a reading of the ambient temperature within the light device and generate an estimated or predicted temperature of the LED. For example, the ATM may increase the ambient temperature by a predetermined factor, such as by addition or multiplication, to arrive at an estimated or predicted temperature of the LED. 
         [0240]    ATM device may use the temperature measurement component to monitor the temperature periodically. ATM may use the temperature measurement component to establish how hot or cool the temperature under measurement is getting. ATM device may comprise functionality for reducing the intensity of the lighting device when the lighting device temperature gets substantially hot, such as greater than a predetermined threshold. In some embodiments, ATM device may operate based on thresholds, thus setting temperature of the lighting device based on temperature thresholds measured. 
         [0241]    In some embodiments, ATM device comprises functionality for adjusting the intensity of the lighting device proportionally to the temperature. ATM device may implement such proportional adjustment based on a mathematical equation  725 . In some embodiments, ATM device may determine a new light intensity level based on a temperature reading and a mathematical equation  725 . For example, ATM device may continuously read the temperature of the lighting device and use a processing unit to calculate the new intensity of light value utilizing a mathematical function or a formula and the value of the measured temperature. In some embodiments, ATM device may determine a new light intensity level based on a temperature reading and the incoming signal with a mathematical equation  725 . In some embodiments, ATM device may determine a new light intensity level by using a temperature reading and an intensity value from incoming signal as inputs into a mathematical equation  725 . 
         [0242]    In other embodiments, ATM device may determine a new light intensity based on a chart  730  comprising the value for the new light intensity setting for each temperature reading. In one embodiment, ATM device determines a temperature of the lighting device by using tables and charts comprising temperature and intensity values to determine the new intensity of light value. A table or a chart may be stored in a memory or storage of a device and may comprise values of all temperatures of the lighting device and their corresponding intensity of light values. The chart or the table may reflect a relationship between the temperature and the intensity of light based on a mathematical equation. ATM device may read the values from the chart or table and match a value of the determined temperature of the lighting device to a temperature value in the table. ATM device may then identify a value for the intensity of light that corresponds to the matched temperature value. As the table may comprise temperature intensity value pairs, the ATM device may use this new identified intensity of light corresponding to the temperature value and set the brightness or the intensity of the device as the intensity value to which the lighting device will be set. Therefore, in some embodiments, the mathematical function may be used either for determining the new intensity value in real time or it may be implemented in a table form for each of the intensity and temperature values so that the ATM device may access the values as appropriate. 
         [0243]    The ATM device may include any type and form of processor  720 , such as a microprocessor. Via the processor, the ATM may execute one or more ATM functions  725  to determine a new intensity or adjusted signal based on both the incoming signal/intensity level and temperature read by or based on the temperature measured by the temperature measuring component. In some embodiments, the ATM function or equation  725  for determining a new intensity level, or a new dim level is: 
         [0000]      New DIM_level=Original DIM_level*((temperature_comp*(256−Original DIM_level)/256)+(256−temperature_comp))/256.
 
         [0000]    In such an equation, the ‘temperature_comp’ may be any number, such as a number between 0 to 9, where 9 represents the highest temperature compensation and 0 represents the lowest temperature compensation. Original DIM_level may represent a number between 0 to 255 corresponding to the level intensity where 0 is the lowest intensity and 255 is the highest intensity. The output may correspond to the New DIM_Level, which may be the new level intensity which has been adjusted to address the temperature factor. ATM device may pick the variables, such as the temperature_comp based on the temperature range measured. For example, if ATM measures the temperature of the lighting device to be within a specific range, the ATM device may pick 1 as the temperature_comp. In other embodiments, if ATM device measures the temperature to be within a different range, the ATM device may pick 3 as the temperature_comp. In some embodiments, instead of being divided between 0 and 9, temperature_comp may correspond to numbers within any number range, such as 0-255 or any other number range used in the arts. In addition, temperature_comp may not only be integer numbers, but may rather be fractional numbers, float numbers with any number of decimal numbers. 
         [0244]    In some embodiments, the ATM function  725  may implement, use or comprise one or more profile curves. A profile curve may comprise a chart or map having an input intensity level on one axis and output intensity level on another axis to obtain a new intensity level based on the input intensity level. A profile curve may be selected based on a temperature, power and/or other operational condition of the lighting device. A profile curve may comprise a chart or map having an input intensity level on one axis and temperatures on another axis to obtain a new intensity level based on the input intensity level and input temperature. The profile curve(s) may be stored in storage, such a in a file, table or database, and accessed by the processor. The profile curve(s) may be stored in memory and accessed by the processor. The profile curves may be represented by data and/or executable instructions accessed and/or executed by the processor. In some embodiments, the ATM function is an implementation of a profile curve. In some embodiments, the ATM function accesses and uses a profile curve. 
         [0245]    Referring now to  FIG. 7B , an embodiment of a chart illustrating different intensity curves for different temperatures. As shown by the illustration, intensity curves of lighting devices that are operating at a high temperature are more curved in contrast to the intensity curves of lighting devices operating at a lower temperature. The mathematical function used to determine the new light intensity value may be any function, such as a logarithmic function, a binomial functional, a trinomial function, or any nonlinear function. In some embodiments, the mathematical function may be used to slide the entire intensity curve over the entire intensity range based on the inverse square law. The inverse square law function may be used to scale all the other values based on the new maximum. The function may affect the higher intensity side more than the low intensity side. 
         [0246]    The profile curves  730  may comprise a non-linear relationship between input intensity and output intensity. In some embodiments, a different profile curve with a different non-linear relationship may be used based on the temperature and/or power level. For example, for one range of temperatures, a first profile curve may be used while for another range of temperatures a second profile curve may be used. In another example, for one range of input intensity levels, a first profile curve may be used while for another range of input intensity levels a second profile curve may be used. 
         [0247]    Referring now to  FIG. 7C , embodiments of a method  750  of performing ATM techniques of the present solution are depicted. In brief overview, at step  755 , the ATM device receives an incoming signal, which may provide an intensity level to a light source. At step  760 , the ATM device measures or received a measurement of a temperature, such as the temperature of the light fixture enclosure or the ambient temperature within the light fixture. At step  765 , the ATM device determines a new intensity level based on a function of the both the intensity level of incoming signal and the temperature. At step  770 , the ATM device outputs or provides the new intensity level as an input signal to the light source. 
         [0248]    In further details of step  755 , the ATM device, generally referred to as a device, receives any type and form of incoming signal. The ATM may receive the incoming signal from the light fixture or lighting device. The ATM device may receive an input signal comprising an analog signal. The ATM device may receive an input signal comprising a digital signal. An input signal may provide or represent a level of brightness or output for a lighting source, such as an LED. The ATM device may receive the input signal via one of the following types of signals: pulse width modulation signal, a one-wire signal, a dimming protocol signal, and a wireless protocol. ATM signal may comprise an instruction or command identifying an intensity level. ATM signal may comprise an instruction or command identifying a dim level. 
         [0249]    At step  760 , the ATM device measures or receives a measurement of a temperature. In some embodiments, the temperature measuring component within the ATM device measures the temperature. In some embodiments, the ATM device receives the temperature measurement from an external temperature measuring component. The ATM device may measure the ambient temperature or the temperature of air within the lighting device. The ATM device may measure the temperature of the ATM device. The ATM device may measure the temperature of the enclosure of the lighting device, such as any surface or wall of the enclosure. The ATM device may measure the temperature of the light  405 . The ATM device may measure the temperature of any combination of the ambient temperatures, the ATM device, the enclosure of the lighting device and/or the light source. The ATM device may obtain the temperature or measure the temperature responsive to receipt of the incoming signal. The ATM device may obtain the temperature or measure the temperature on a predetermined frequency, such as responsive to a timer. The ATM device may obtain the temperature or measure the temperature on a continuous basis. 
         [0250]    The ATM device may scale, interpret, extrapolate or otherwise adjust the temperature measurement to provide an adjusted temperature measurement that is used for the functions and operations described herein. The ATM device may interpret, estimate from or extrapolate the temperature measurement of one item or entity such as ambient temperature, to provide a temperature measurement for a second item or entity, such as a light source, that is used for the functions and operations described herein. For example, based on the temperature reading of the ambient temperature or the enclosure, the ATM device may determine an estimated temperature of the LED of the light source. 
         [0251]    At step  765 , the ATM device applies an ATM function  725  and/or responsive to a profile curve  730  determines a new intensity level. The ATM device may use the intensity level from the incoming level and the temperature as inputs to the ATM function to determine a new intensity level. The ATM device may determine a second intensity from a function  725  of both the incoming intensity and the temperature of the lighting fixture. The ATM device may use the temperature to select or identify a profile curve and use the intensity level from the input signal to determine the new intensity signal from the profile curve. The ATM device may determine a second intensity from the function comprising an intensity curve comprising a curve of a selection of second intensity values based on values of the first intensity and the temperature. The ATM device may determine the second intensity from the function comprising a non-linear relationship between the incoming or input signal and the adjusted or second signal. The ATM device may determine the second intensity from the function comprising a temperature compensation factor applied to a dimming level of the incoming intensity. 
         [0252]    At step  770 , the ATM device provides or outputs a new or adjusted signal for input to the lighting source. The output signal from the ATM device may be used as the input or incoming signal to the light source. The output signal from the ATM device may be used as the input or incoming signal to the controller or driver of the light source. In some embodiments, the ATM device outputs the adjusted signal to the controller, which in turn controls the light sources based on the adjusted signal. The output signal from the ATM device may be used to dim the light source. 
         [0253]    The ATM device may provide or output an adjusted signal comprising an analog signal. ATM may provide or output an adjusted signal comprising a digital signal. The adjusted signal may provide or represent a level of brightness or output for a lighting source, such as an LED. 1. The ATM device may provide or output the signal via one of the following types of signals: pulse width modulation signal, a one-wire signal, a dimming protocol signal, and a wireless protocol. The output or adjusted signal may be of the same type as the incoming signal. The output or adjusted signal may a different type as the incoming signal. In such embodiments, the ATM device converts or translates the incoming signal of first type to an adjusted signal of a second type. The output or adjusted signal may comprise an instruction or command identifying an intensity level. The output or adjusted signal may comprise an instruction or command identifying a dim level. The output or adjusted signal may be of the same type as the incoming signal. 
         [0254]    The ATM device may output the adjusted signal or second intensity to reduce power to the light source prior to reaching a predetermined threshold of a maximum temperature. The ATM device may output the adjusted signal or second intensity to reduce power to the light source while dimming the light source.