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Falling, receiving a blow to the face, or biting down on something hard -- particularly if a tooth already has some decay -- can cause a tooth to chip or break. If you discover you have broken or chipped a tooth, don't panic. There are many things your dentist can do to fix it. How to Care for a Chipped or Broken Tooth

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The possible causes of a chipped tooth include: 1 Falling and hitting your mouth. 2 Biting on a hard object or food, such as a hard candy or a bone. 3 Suffering trauma to the face from a sports injury or accident. Cavities which can weaken the teeth and predispose you to a chipped tooth.

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Weak tooth enamel, which can be caused by diet, dry mouth, gastrointestinal issues, and stress, leaves you susceptible to tooth problems like cavities, chipping, and sensitivity. Demineralization, or weakening, can be turned around through...

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Weak tooth enamel, which can be caused by diet, dry mouth, gastrointestinal issues, and stress, leaves you susceptible to tooth problems like cavities, chipping, and sensitivity. Demineralization, or...

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An injury could crack, chip, or break a tooth, or make a tooth change color. A tooth also may be loose or moved in position (dental luxation) or jammed into the gum (intruded). Other dental injuries may be caused by grinding your teeth, especially at night. Your teeth may hurt, chip, or become loose.Biting surfaces may become flat and worn down. A broken or loose dental appliance or an orthodontic wire or bracket may poke or rub the inside of your mouth and make your mouth sore.ther dental injuries may be caused by grinding your teeth, especially at night. Your teeth may hurt, chip, or become loose. Biting surfaces may become flat and worn down. A broken or loose dental appliance or an orthodontic wire or bracket may poke or rub the inside of your mouth and make your mouth sore.

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Chipped teeth account for the majority of dental injuries. Most chipped teeth can be repaired either by reattaching the broken piece of tooth enamel or by bonding a tooth-colored filling or crown in place.See your dentist as soon as possible after the injury to treat your chipped tooth and keep it from worsening.hipped teeth account for the majority of dental injuries. Most chipped teeth can be repaired either by reattaching the broken piece of tooth enamel or by bonding a tooth-colored filling or crown in place.

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Chipped teeth account for the majority of dental injuries. Most chipped teeth can be repaired either by reattaching the broken piece of tooth enamel or by bonding a tooth-colored filling or crown in place.

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How Does a Dentist Treat a: Chipped tooth If there is no pain and the chip is small, it's up to you to decide if, when and how the tooth should be repaired. Depending on the size of the chip, it can be smoothed or cosmetically corrected. Other options include veneers, crowns and fillings.

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If the chip is small, you are not feeling any pain, and no nerve is exposed, it is possible for a tooth-colored bonded composite filling to be placed to repair the chipped area. However, depending on where the chip is located, how your bite looks, and what shows up on the x-ray of that tooth, the best long-term solution could possibly be a crown. The potential problem with placing a filling in a chipped tooth that would be better served by a crown is that over time, the stresses of your bite and other forces on the tooth may cause the tooth the crack or chip even worse.

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Knowing why your teeth might chip can help you prevent dental damage and maintain a beautiful smile. If you do suffer from chips or cracks, Dr. Flanagan can restore your smile with dental bonding, crowns, or even porcelain veneers. Contact our Clear Lake dental practice today to learn more or schedule a consultation.

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Porcelain laminate veneers are probably the most aesthetic means of creating a more pleasing and beautiful smile. They do require some tooth reduction. In most cases, veneers are a much more conservative restoration than a crown.The porcelain veneer allows us to alter the tooth position, shape, size, and color.Porcelain veneers require tooth reduction so this is not a reversible procedure.The first visit is a preparation and impression appointment.n most cases, veneers are a much more conservative restoration than a crown. The porcelain veneer allows us to alter the tooth position, shape, size, and color. Porcelain veneers require tooth reduction so this is not a reversible procedure. The first visit is a preparation and impression appointment.

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Crowns, Bridges, and Veneers Care. A crown covers most or all of a damaged tooth, and a bridge attaches to two or more crowns to fill the space of a missing tooth.A veneer is a thin, tooth-colored piece cemented onto the front of a tooth. It can improve the look of stained or badly shaped teeth and close small spaces or gaps between teeth.rowns, Bridges, and Veneers Care. A crown covers most or all of a damaged tooth, and a bridge attaches to two or more crowns to fill the space of a missing tooth.

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Porcelain Crowns vs. Porcelain Veneers. There are several fundamental differences between porcelain crowns and veneers: Porcelain veneers are considered the less invasive, more conservative option because they only require the removal of a small portion of the tooth to apply.

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Less tooth reduction is needed for a veneer as opposed to a dental crown. Though this is a positive thing, there are situations, like tooth decay, or broken tooth, where a teeth veneer simply won't do. That is why dental crowns exist. Also, dental crowns are much stronger when compared to veneers.

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This restoration is chosen as a conservative measure to preserve as much tooth structure as possible. When conditions allow, this is the preferred type of crown restoration. Dental veneer: Porcelain veneers are partial crowns that cover only the front and biting edge of teeth. These all-ceramic restorations are usually placed on front teeth to change the color or shape of teeth or add symmetry and balance to a smile.

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1) The implant: A screw that serves as a root for your new teeth. This is what permanently attaches to your jaw. 2) The abutment: A permanent, but removable by your doctor, connector that supports and holds a tooth or set of teeth. 3) The crown (or prosthetic tooth): This is the part of the tooth that you can see. It's usually made of zirconium or porcelain for durability and good looks. You can use dental implants to replace a single tooth, multiple teeth or a full upper and/or lower set of teeth.

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Find Dental Implant abroad with MEDIGO from $ 445. Dental implants abroad. Dental implants are widely considered the best solution for missing teeth or teeth that must be extracted and cannot be saved. Dental implants are made up of a screw-like implant, a crown, and an abutment which attaches the crown to the implant. The implant is fused into the jawbone, making it a permanent replacement almost indistinguishable from natural teeth. Dental implants are used in place of a conventional bridge or crown.

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Dental Implant Procedure. After an implant is surgically placed into the jawbone, an abutment is then attached to the titanium implant. It's to the abutment(s) that the custom-fitted crowns are attached. Dental implant procedures are increasingly two-step processes, but they can take three -- and often it's by choice. After an implant goes into the bone, a post, or abutment, needs to be attached to the titanium implant.

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A crown is used to entirely cover or cap a damaged tooth. Besides strengthening a damaged tooth, a crown can be used to improve its appearance, shape or alignment. A crown can also be placed on top of an implant to provide a tooth-like shape and structure for function. Porcelain or ceramic crowns can be matched to the color of your natural teeth. Other materials include gold and metal alloys, acrylic and ceramic.

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Dental implant surgery. What you can expect. Dental implant surgery A dental implant is a metal post that replaces the root portion of a missing tooth. An artificial tooth (crown) is placed on an extension of the post (abutment) on the dental implant, giving you the look of a real tooth. Your damaged tooth is removed.

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A single dental implant in the hands of a hight trained, busy, outstanding, quality based specialist should cost in the range of $2200 to $2500. The crown should cost between $2000 to $3000 performed by a skilled specialist such a prosthodontist.

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1 A single implant typically costs $2,400-$3,000, but can be $4,000-$10,000 or more if additional procedures like extractions, bone grafts, 2 Placing an abutment and a dental crown on a single implant typically adds $500-$3,000 to the cost of just the implant, for a total of $1,500-$13,000 or more. metal abutment is connected to the implant, and then a crown, bridge or denture is attached to the abutment. The work is typically done in stages, often with separate prices for the implant surgery, the abutment placement and the replacement tooth or teeth.

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LEIGH SMILE CENTER NEW 2015 FEE SUMMARY: TOTAL FEES 1. Single Dental Implant Surgical Fee: (includes ONLY the Surgical Placement and Implant Cost) $1,000. 2. Single Dental Implant (Root Form) with Implant CROWN and Abutment (Complete) EACH $3,600.Additional Implant / Crowns (Complete) EACH $3,200.e will place any other brand of dental implant the patient wishes for an additional fee of $300 each. Unfortunately, the final results of Dental Implant Treatments, as well as all other dental treatments, cannot be 'guaranteed'.

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Of all the tooth replacement choices available, dental implants are the most costly. Paying for dental implants can be challenging, because they are also rarely covered by dental insurance plans. However, more dental plans are covering at least some of the cost of dental implants than they did about a decade ago.On average, it costs anywhere from $1500 to $2800 to replace a single tooth.The price range is so broad because there are many different factors associated with it.owever, more dental plans are covering at least some of the cost of dental implants than they did about a decade ago. On average, it costs anywhere from $1500 to $2800 to replace a single tooth.

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How much does a crown cost for a tooth? Dental crowns usually start around $600 per tooth and go up from there. The exact cost of a dental crown depends on what the crown is for and what type of material is used. For example, a crown for a dental implant might be more expensive than a regular crown.

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1 Dental insurance might cover about 50% of the cost if the crown is needed for medical reasons, but dental crowns are typically not covered if they are considered cosmetic, and many dental plans have a maximum annual coverage limit of $1,000-$1,500. Porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns can cost $500-$1,500 or more per tooth. For example, CostHelper readers without insurance coverage report paying $875-$1,400 for porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns, at an average cost of $1,093.

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Patients with insurance generally had copays of $280 to $1,000 per crown with an average payment of $620. Those without coverage paid $875 to $1,400 per tooth with an average cost of nearly $1,100. All-porcelain crowns are the most delicate, most lifelike and most expensive and the cost reflects this.

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Best Answer: the charge for a crown in my office is $1,000. IF you have 80% coverage you will have to pay $200 plus your deductable (usually $50 yearly) However I have found that most insurances consider crowns to be major work and only cover 50%.hat this means to you is that your dentist may charge you, say, $1000 for a crown. However your insurance company may consider $1000 to be unreasonable and will only pay 80% of the first $800.

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Insurance generally covers crowns at 50% 1 . Metal crowns made of gold alloy or of base-metal alloys and generally cost $600 to $2,500 per tooth depending on the metal and the size of the tooth. 2 People with insurance typically paid $520 $1,140 out of pocket with an average of $882 per crown. People with insurance typically paid $520 $1,140 out of pocket with an average of $882 per crown. 2 Those without insurance generally paid between $830 and $2,465 per crown with an average cost of $1,350. 3 Porcelain-fused to-metal crowns are the most popular type of crown. 4 Costs run from $500 to $1,500 or more per tooth.

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Crowns can be made from porcelain (a dental ceramic), metal or a combination called porcelain-fused-to-metal. Typical costs: The cost of a dental crown depends on the materials used; the size, location and condition of the tooth; local rates; and the dentist's training and experience. Dental insurance might cover about 50% of the cost if the crown is needed for medical reasons, but dental crowns are typically not covered if they are considered cosmetic, and many dental plans have a maximum annual coverage limit of $1,000-$1,500. Porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns can cost $500-$1,500 or more per tooth.

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How often is it covered? Medicare doesn't cover most dental care, dental procedures, or supplies, like cleanings, fillings, tooth extractions, dentures, dental plates, or other dental devices. Medicare Part A (Hospital Insurance) will pay for certain dental services that you get when you're in a hospital.

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Search Medicare.gov for covered items. Medicare doesn't cover most dental care, dental procedures, or supplies, like cleanings, fillings, tooth extractions, dentures, dental plates, or other dental devices. Medicare Part A (Hospital Insurance) will pay for certain dental services that you get when you're in a hospital. Part A can pay for inpatient hospital care if you need to have emergency or complicated dental procedures, even though the dental care isn't covered.

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Original Medicare (Parts A & B) provides some dental and vision coverage, but only in limited situations. If you need dental and vision coverage, you can enroll in a Medicare Advantage plan that includes these benefits. Original Medicare covers limited dental care. It does not cover procedures such as cleaning, fillings, extractions, dentures, and other services. However, Medicare Part A (hospital insurance) will cover some dental services if they are performed in a hospital.

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Medicare Dental Coverage. Currently, Medicare will pay for dental services that are an integral part either of a covered procedure (e.g., reconstruction of the jaw following accidental injury), or for extractions done in preparation for radiation treatment for neoplastic diseases involving the jaw.

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Medicare doesn't cover most dental care, dental procedures, or supplies, like cleanings, fillings, tooth extractions, dentures, dental plates, or other dental devices.Medicare Part A (Hospital Insurance) will pay for certain dental services that you get when you're in a hospital.Part A can pay for inpatient hospital care if you need to have emergency or complicated dental procedures, even though the dental care isn't covered.edicare doesn't cover most dental care, dental procedures, or supplies, like cleanings, fillings, tooth extractions, dentures, dental plates, or other dental devices.

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Most people don't brush the tongue side of the teeth, says Andy Marashi, a Seattle dentist. It's very easy to tell. You get a line of inflammation. Not to mention the debris that sits there and becomes what we call calculus. .

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General Dentist w/ Great Opportunity. The Dentist has 17 years experience and has been at the office location for nearly 14 years-The Dentist not only provides General Dentistry treatment but has... Easily apply. 7 days ago-save job-email-more... 1 View all Greenlake Dental jobs in Seattle, WA-Seattle jobs.

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Whether you want fewer issues with your teeth, fewer trips to the dentist, lower costs, or help finding the best dentist near you, count on Dental Optimizer. Best Dentist Finder The Best Dentist Finder takes your information and matches it with the best dentists near your home or work.

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Rhys Spoor, DDS, FAGD, an international expert in Aesthetic and Restorative Dentistry, has been selected by his peers as one of the Top 10 Dentists for Cosmetic Dentistry in the Puget Sound region, as published in the January 2006 edition of Seattle magazine.

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Welcome to Our Office. Here at Smile by the Station Dentistry, Dr. David Silver strives to provide the highest quality dental care to our patients in and around the Seattle, Washington area, with our brand new, beautiful building located on the light rail line at Othello Station.

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Seed capital can be distinguished from venture capital in that venture capital investments tend to come from institutional investors, involve significantly more money, are arm's length transactions, and involve much greater complexity in the contracts and corporate structure accompanying the investment. Seed funding involves a higher risk than normal venture capital funding since the investor does not see any existing projects to evaluate for funding. Hence, the investments made are usually lower (in the tens of thousands to the hundreds of thousands of dollars range) as against normal venture capital investment (in the hundreds of thousands to the millions of dollars range), for similar levels of stake in the company. Seed funding can be raised online using equity crowdfunding platforms such as SeedInvest, Seedrs and Angels Den. Investors make their decision whether to fund a project based on the perceived strength of the idea and the capabilities, skills and history of the founders.

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Micro venture capital is money invested to seed early-stage emerging companies with amounts of finance that is typically less than that of traditional venture capital. In contrast to traditional venture capital which is money used to invest in companies looking to fund growth (also referred to as a Series A round of funding), micro venture capital consists of smaller seed investments, typically between $25K to $500K, in companies that have yet to gain traction. In the United States, the number of micro venture capital firms have continued to rise rapidly over the last 5 years, and have become an important source of finance for startup companies.

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Startup investing is the action of making an investment in an early-stage company (the startup company). Beyond founders' own contributions, some startups raise additional investment at some or several stages of their growth. Not all startups trying to raise investments are successful in their fundraising. The solicitation of funds became easier for startups as result of the JOBS Act. Prior to the advent of equity crowdfunding, a form of online investing that has been legalized in several nations, startups did not advertise themselves to the general public as investment opportunities until and unless they first obtained approval from regulators for an initial public offering (IPO) that typically involved a listing of the startup's securities on a stock exchange. Today, there are many alternative forms of IPO commonly employed by startups and startup promoters that do not include an exchange listing, so they may avoid certain regulatory compliance obligations, including mandatory periodic disclosures of financial information and factual discussion of business conditions by management that investors and potential investors routinely receive from registered public companies.

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Social Venture Accelerators is a form of Seed accelerators that fixed termed, cohort-based entrepreneurial development programs designed to transform validated idea of the social startups companies to seed funding. Hence, increase the outcomes for sustainability and growth of startup companies that have potential to scale(usually tech-based companies). Such programs allows startup companies to gain exclusive visibility to early- stage investors and other resources such as providing initial investment, technical facilities/development, to office accommodation and under the guidance of experienced mentors, all of which in return of a minor share in the invested startups companies, or under grant funding to support participating companies. Seed Accelerator companies will assess based on startup companies' business model and ensure market/customer sector validated, to develop a commercial validity of the social startup companies to investment ready and prepare to scale their impact.

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Seed money, sometimes known as seed funding or seed capital, is a form of securities offering in which an investor invests capital in exchange for an equity stake in the company. The term seed suggests that this is a very early investment, meant to support the business until it can generate cash of its own (see cash flow), or until it is ready for further investments. Seed money options include friends and family funding, angel funding, and crowdfunding.

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The Techstars experience has also been turned into a reality TV show on Bloomberg TV. Techstars invests $118,000 in each of its program startups. The startups also receive mentorship and pitch opportunities during the program. Techstars accepts approximately 1% of applicants. The company focuses on transparency and publishes detailed success and failure information of all companies that have gone through Techstars. Cohen controls two private seed-equity funds. He raised his first $5 million fund in 2009. In 2012, he raised $28 million for a second fund. Cohen currently manages about $70 million in investments across these funds and Techstars. He tends to fund early stage software and internet companies. To date, Cohen has invested in more than 100 startups as an angel investor.

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As a serial angel investor, Grinda and his team analyze more than 100 companies a week and make a new investment about every 15 days. As of June 2015, he has made more than 200 start-up investments.His most recent investments are focused on marketplaces connecting buyers to sellers, such as Beepi, a used car marketplace, and Lofty, a marketplace for works of art. His portfolio is about 70% in the United States and 30% in the rest of the world, including Brazil, France, Germany, UK, Russia, China, and Turkey.

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Angel investments bear extremely high risks and are usually subject to dilution from future investment rounds. As such, they require a very high return on investment. Because a large percentage of angel investments are lost completely when early stage companies fail, professional angel investors seek investments that have the potential to return at least ten or more times their original investment within 5 years, through a defined exit strategy, such as plans for an initial public offering or an acquisition. Current 'best practices' suggest that angels might do better setting their sights even higher, looking for companies that will have at least the potential to provide a 20x-30x return over a five- to seven-year holding period. After taking into account the need to cover failed investments and the multi-year holding time for even the successful ones, however, the actual effective internal rate of return for a typical successful portfolio of angel investments is, in reality, typically as 'low' as 20–30%. While the investor's need for high rates of return on any given investment can thus make angel financing an expensive source of funds, cheaper sources of capital, such as bank financing, are usually not available for most early-stage ventures.

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A business angel is a private investor that invests part of his or her own wealth and time in early-stage innovative companies. Apart from getting a good return, business angels expect to have fun. It is estimated that angel investment amounts to three times venture capital. Its beginnings can be traced to Frederick Terman, widely credited to be the 'Father of Silicon Valley' (together with William Shockley), who invested $500 to help starting up the venture of Bill Hewlett and Fred Packard.

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An angel investor or angel (also known as a business angel, informal investor, angel funder, private investor, or seed investor) is an affluent individual who provides capital for a business start-up, usually in exchange for convertible debt or ownership equity. A small but increasing number of angel investors invest online through equity crowdfunding or organize themselves into angel groups or angel networks to share research and pool their investment capital, as well as to provide advice to their portfolio companies.

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Crowdfunding is an alternative method of financing a business, which allows everyday investors, professionals and venture capitalists to invest as little or as much as they like, typically through an online platform. It is where a community of likeminded people pool their money and knowledge together to back startup, early and growth stage businesses. Crowdcube gives everyone the opportunity to become ‘armchair Dragons’, building upon their own investment portfolio and supporting British businesses. Developed as an alternative to banks, business angel, or venture capital funding, start-ups can use the Crowdcube platform to obtain finance from the public.

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When investing in a startup, there are different types of stages in which the investor can participate. The first round is called seed round. The seed round generally is when the startup is still in the very early phase of execution when their product is still in the prototype phase. At this level angel investors will be the ones participating. The next round is called Series A. At this point the company already has traction and may be making revenue. In Series A rounds venture capital firms will be participating alongside angels or super angel investors. The next rounds are Series B, C, and D. These three rounds are the ones leading towards the IPO. Venture capital firms and private equity firms will be participating.

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Startups have several options for funding. Venture capital firms and angel investors may help startup companies begin operations, exchanging seed money for an equity stake in the firm. Venture capitalists and angel investors provide financing to a range of startups (a portfolio), with the expectation that a very small number of the start-ups will become viable and make money. In practice though, many startups are initially funded by the founders themselves using 'bootstrapping', in which loans or monetary gifts from friends and family are combined with savings and credit card debt to finance the venture. Factoring is another option, though it is not unique to startups. Other funding opportunities include various forms of crowdfunding, for example equity crowdfunding, in which the startup seeks funding from a large number of individuals, typically by pitching their idea on the Internet

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The investor-led crowdfunding model differentiates itself from the usual company-led model by necessitating the participation of an experienced business angel in every round. This 'lead investor' conducts due diligence on the investment opportunity and negotiates the economic terms of the investment before contributing at least 25% of the round. The intended benefit is that any less experienced investors will 1) have the reassurance of knowing that an experienced investor has already assessed the round and 2) invest on the same economic terms as the lead investor.

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There are also financial benefits to the creator. For one, crowdfunding allows creators to attain low-cost capital. Traditionally, a creator would need to look to 'personal savings, home equity loans, personal credit cards, friends and family members, angel investors, and venture capitalists.' With crowdfunding, creators can find funders from around the world, sell both their product and equity, and benefit from increased information flow. Additionally, crowdfunding that supports pre-buying allows creators to obtain early feedback on the product. Proponents of the crowdfunding approach argue that it allows good ideas which do not fit the pattern required by conventional financiers to break through and attract cash through the wisdom of the crowd. If it does achieve 'traction' in this way, not only can the enterprise secure seed funding to begin its project, but it may also secure evidence of backing from potential customers and benefit from word of mouth promotion in order to reach the fundraising goal. Another potential positive effect is the propensity of groups to 'produce an accurate aggregate prediction' about market outcomes as identified by author James Surowiecki in his book The Wisdom of Crowds, thereby placing financial backing behind ventures likely to succeed.

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For angel investors investing in technology companies that are involved in sectors that they have been successful in offers an opportunity to make informed bets and to leverage their networks and experience as advisors so as to leverage their intellectual capital as well as their financial capital. However they often face scope and scale issues. Many are limited to relatively small investment amounts, often in the $50K-$250K range. That therefore usually requires investing in very early-stage companies so as to have a relevant investment. They often struggle to maintain their pro-rata investment through subsequent venture capital rounds. Others with more capital to invest fare better but still lack significant leverage. Only the 'super angels' can truly leverage their investment and they often lack the time to manage the investment effectively.

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Series A rounds are traditionally a critical stage in the funding of new companies. A typical series A round is in the range of $2 million to $10 million, purchasing 10% to 30% of the company. The capital raised during a series A is usually intended to capitalize the company for 6 months to 2 years as it develops its products, performs initial marketing and branding, hires its initial employees, and otherwise undertakes early stage business operations.

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Smaller investment amounts are usually not worth the legal and financial expense, the burden on a company of adjusting its capital structure to serve new investors, and the analysis and due diligence on the part of institutional investors. A company that needs money for operations but is not yet ready for venture capital will typically seek angel capital. Larger amounts are usually unwarranted given the cost of business in fields such as software, data services, telecommunications, and so on. However, there are routinely series A rounds in excess of $10 million in fields such as pharmaceuticals, semiconductors, and real estate development.

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Angel investors invest in early stage or start-up companies in exchange for an equity ownership interest. Angel investing in start-ups has been accelerating. High-profile success stories like Uber, WhatsApp, and Facebook have spurred angel investors to make multiple bets with the hopes of getting outsized returns. Here are my thoughts on frequently asked questions from entrepreneurs about angel financing. 1. How much do angel investors invest in a company? The typical angel investment is $25,000 to $100,000 a company, but can go higher. 2. What are the six most important things for angel investors? Here is what angels particularly care about: The quality, passion, commitment, and integrity of the founders.

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Because the high-tech sector of the economy develops or uses the most advanced technology known, it is often seen as having the most potential for future growth. This perception has led to high investment in high-tech sectors of the economy. High-tech startup enterprises receive a large portion of venture capital; However, if investment exceeds actual potential, as has happened in the past, then investors can lose all or most of their investment. High tech is often viewed as high risk, but offering the opportunity for high profits.

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At this stage, the risk of losing the investment is shrinking because the nature of any uncertainty is becoming clearer. The VC firm's risk of losing the investment has dropped to 53.0%. However, the causation of major risk becomes higher (75.8%), because the prototype was not fully developed and tested at the seed stage. The VC firm could have underestimated the risk involved, or the product and the purpose of the product could have changed during development.

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At this stage, the risk decreases because the start-up is no longer developing its product, but is now concentrating on promoting and selling it. These risks can be estimated. The risk to the VC firm of losing the investment drops from 53.0% to 33.7%, and the causation of major risk by stage of development also drops at this stage, from 75.8% to 53.0%.

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If you find yourself with the opportunity to invest in a business startup, tread carefully. Think about liability, the valuation of the business, your timeline and your exit strategy. Before you even consider taking a partnership or jumping on board, here are some basics to know prior to investing in a new business. Beware of the opportunity.

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In order to create and maintain a sufficient deal flow, venture capitalists and angels spend much of their time doing business development, raising their profiles by giving speeches, writing blogs, and networking with others who also work with early-stage companies. VCs and angels also regularly attend conferences and 'venture fairs' where multiple companies pitch their businesses to investors.

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In the case of smaller firms, venture capitalists help clients enter the stock market for obtaining substantially larger funds for development, maturation of technology, product promotion and to meet marketing costs. A major route is through initial public offering (IPO) which invites risk funding by the public for potential high gain. At the same time, the IPOs enable venture capitalists to attempt to recover expenditures already incurred by them through part sale of the stock pre-allotted to them (subsequent to the listing of the stock on the stock exchange). When the IPO is fully subscribed, the assisted enterprise becomes a corporation and can more easily obtain bank loans, etc. if needed.

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In the case of small and medium firms, entities such as venture capitalists ('angels'), can enter the scene and help to materialize technologies. Venture capitalists accept both the costs and uncertainties of R&D, and that of market acceptance, in reward for high returns when the technology proves itself. Apart from finance, they may provide networking, management and marketing support. Venture capital connotes financial as well as human capital.

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In addition to angel investing, equity crowdfunding and other seed funding options, venture capital is attractive for new companies with limited operating history that are too small to raise capital in the public markets and have not reached the point where they are able to secure a bank loan or complete a debt offering. In exchange for the high risk that venture capitalists assume by investing in smaller and early-stage companies, venture capitalists usually get significant control over company decisions, in addition to a significant portion of the companies' ownership (and consequently value). Start-ups like Uber, Airbnb, Flipkart, ReviewAdda, Xiaomi & Didi Chuxing are highly valued startups, where venture capitalists contribute more than financing to these early-stage firms; they also often provide strategic advice to the firm's executives on its business model and marketing strategies.

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What does 'going public' mean? Going public refers to a private company's initial public offering (IPO), thus becoming a publicly traded and owned entity. Businesses usually go public to raise capital in hopes of expanding; venture capitalists may use IPOs as an exit strategy - that is, a way of getting out of their investment in a company.

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On 15 May 2016, the world's largest commercial jet airliner, the Antonov Design Bureau AN-225 Mriya landed at Perth Airport, making its first visit to Perth and Australia.

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The double-deck A380 is the world's largest commercial aircraft flying today, with capacity to carry 544 passengers in a comfortable four-class configuration, and up to 853 in a single-class configuration that provides wider seats than its competitor.

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The airliner that holds the current record of highest passenger capacity is the Airbus A380. The Airbus A380 is a four-engine aircraft and is the largest commercial plane in the world. The A380 took the first flight in April 2005 and commercial service began in October 25th, 2007 with Singapore Airlines.

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Airbus and Boeing currently build the biggest passenger airplanes in the world, with the mighty Airbus A380-800 and its rival the Boeing 777-300, while Russia's Ilyushin also stands out as the only other company to make the list.

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Airbus A-380 - The Largest Plane in the World The Airbus A380 is the largest passenger plane that has ever been built. It can carry more passengers and cargo than any other airplane and its designers say that it uses less fuel and make less noise. The A 380 is a giant in the skies. Its wings span about 80 metres and it has a length of 73 metres. When filled with passengers the A 380 weighs over 500 000 kg. It has three decks - two passenger decks and one for cargo. Up to 840 passengers can fly on the plane if all the seats are built in it.

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An A380's hourly cost is about $26,000, or around $50 per seat hour, which compares to $44 per seat hour for a Boeing 777-300ER, and $90 per seat hour for a Boeing 747-400 as of November 2015.

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Rival performance claims by Airbus and Boeing appear to be contradictory, their methodologies unclear and neither are validated by a third party source. Boeing claims the 747-8I to be over 10% lighter per seat and have 11% less fuel consumption per passenger, with a trip-cost reduction of 21% and a seat-mile cost reduction of more than 6%, compared to the A380. The 747-8F's empty weight is expected to be 80 tonnes (88 tons) lighter and 24% lower fuel burnt per ton with 21% lower trip costs and 23% lower ton-mile costs than the A380F. On the other hand, Airbus claims the A380 to have 8% less fuel consumption per passenger than the 747-8I and in 2007 Singapore Airlines CEO Chew Choong Seng stated the A380 was performing better than both the airline and Airbus had anticipated, burning 20% less fuel per passenger than the airline's 747-400 fleet. Emirates' Tim Clark also claims that the A380 is more fuel economic at Mach 0.86 than at 0.83. One independent, industry analysis shows fuel consumption in litres per seat per 100 kilometres flown (L/seat/100 km) as 3.27 for the A380 and 3.35 for the B747-8I, or a fuel cost per seat mile of $0.055 and $0.057 respectively. A possible, as yet uncommitted, re-engined A380neo is expected to achieve 2.82 or 2.65 L/seat/100 km depending on the options taken.

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The Airbus A380, the largest passenger jet, costs between $26,000 and $29,000 per hour, using roughly $17,467 of fuel, approximately $40.19 to $44.82 per mile. The engines on these aircraft account for 5% of the operating expenses.ith limited data on the dual engine widebodies, it appears that the Boeing 767 costs around $9,138.19 per hour to operate, the 777 costs around $8,383.15 per hour, and the Airbus A330 costs around $5937.91 per hour. More engines lead to higher prices.

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It costs about $2,300 per flight hour. Boeing 737-700 costs US$3,958.00 per flight hour, which its average speed in the first hour of flight is 720 km/h. About $4,000 every 720 km. A Boeing 747-8i or Airbus A380, cost around 30% less per flight hour, but fly longer haul routes. $4,000.00 / 120 passengers = $33.33 per passenger flight hour.

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The Airbus A380, the largest passenger jet, costs between $26,000 and $29,000 per hour, using roughly $17,467 of fuel, approximately $40.19 to $44.82 per mile. The engines on these aircraft account for 5% of the operating expenses.

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Passenger airplanes averaged 4.8 l/100 km per passenger (1.4 MJ/passenger-km) (49 passenger-miles per gallon) in 1998. Note that on average 20% of seats are left unoccupied. Jet aircraft efficiencies are improving: Between 1960 and 2000 there was a 55% overall fuel efficiency gain (if one were to exclude the inefficient and limited fleet of the DH Comet 4 and to consider the Boeing 707 as the base case). Most of the improvements in efficiency were gained in the first decade when jet craft first came into widespread commercial use. Compared to advanced piston engine airliners of the 1950s, current jet airliners are only marginally more efficient per passenger-mile. Between 1971 and 1998 the fleet-average annual improvement per available seat-kilometre was estimated at 2.4%. Concorde the supersonic transport managed about 17 passenger-miles to the Imperial gallon; similar to a business jet, but much worse than a subsonic turbofan aircraft. Airbus puts the fuel rate consumption of their A380 at less than 3 l/100 km per passenger (78 passenger-miles per US gallon).

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The 280 tons MTOW A350-900 is the first A350 model and typically seats 325 passengers over a range. Airbus says that per seat, the Boeing 777-200ER should have a 16% heavier MWE, a 30% higher block fuel consumption and 25% higher cash operating costs than the A350-900. The −900 is designed to compete with the Boeing 777, and 787, while replacing the Airbus A340-300 and A340-500.

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On August 30, 2011, Boeing confirmed the launch of the 737 new engine variant, called the 737 MAX. Its new CFM International LEAP-1B engines are expected to provide a 16% lower fuel burn than the current Airbus A320. The 737 MAX is to compete with the Airbus A320neo.

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Compared to the average Turbofan-powered Wide-body Commercial Passenger Plane, which costs $34.16* per nautical mile and 11.38¢* per seat per nautical mile to operate, the Airbus A380-800 is: 1 $25.57 more expensive per nautical mile (a 75% premium).2 0.01¢ more expensive per seat per nautical mile (a 0% premium).ompared to the average fuel costs for all Commercial aircraft, which are $16.79* per nautical mile and 11.63¢* per seat per nautical mile, the Airbus A380-800 costs: 1 $42.93 more expensive per nautical mile (a 256% premium). 2 0.24¢ less per seat per nautical mile (a 2.1% margin).

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As of November 2016, Airbus had delivered 36 aircraft with six unfilled orders. The list price is $203.6 million. As well as new-build freighters, Airbus has proposed passenger-to-freighter conversions of existing −200 airliners. The A330-200F is sized between the 767-300F and 777F, but trails both Boeing models in orders and deliveries.

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Boeing launched the 777 Freighter in May 2005 with an order from Air France. The freighter variant is based on the −200LR. Other customers include FedEx and Emirates. Boeing officially announced in November 2005 that it would produce a larger variant of the 747, the 747-8, in two versions, commencing with the Freighter version with firm orders for two cargo carriers. The second version, named the Intercontinental, is for passenger airlines. Both 747-8 versions feature a lengthened fuselage, new, advanced engines and wings, and the incorporation of other technologies developed for the 787.

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Besides the applications on the Airbus A380 fuselage, GLARE has multiple 'secondary' applications. GLARE is also the material used in the ECOS3 blast-resistant Unit Load Device. This is freight container shown to completely contain the explosion and fire resulting from a bomb such as that used over Lockerbie. Other applications include among others the application in the Learjet 45 and in the past also in cargo floors of the Boeing 737.

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The biggest difference between the two is size as the A380 is certainly much bigger than the 747. The Airbus A380 has a wingspan that is 15m longer to that of the 747. It is also about 50% heavier than the 747 even when empty.

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Airbus A380 vs Boeing 747. In their race for dominance in the commercial airliner market, Boeing and Airbus produced two very large aircrafts, revolutionizing the commercial aviation. They are able to carry more than 400 passenger and able to fly Trans-Atlantic without refueling.

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Airbus announced the first delay in June 2005 and notified airlines that deliveries would be delayed by six months. This reduced the total number of planned deliveries by the end of 2009 from about 120 to 90–100. On 13 June 2006, Airbus announced a second delay, with the delivery schedule slipping an additional six to seven months. Although the first delivery was still planned before the end of 2006, deliveries in 2007 would drop to only 9 aircraft, and deliveries by the end of 2009 would be cut to 70–80 aircraft. The announcement caused a 26% drop in the share price of Airbus' parent, EADS, and led to the departure of EADS CEO Noël Forgeard, Airbus CEO Gustav Humbert, and A380 programme manager Charles Champion. On 3 October 2006, upon completion of a review of the A380 program, Airbus CEO Christian Streiff announced a third delay, pushing the first delivery to October 2007, to be followed by 13 deliveries in 2008, 25 in 2009, and the full production rate of 45 aircraft per year in 2010. The delay also increased the earnings shortfall projected by Airbus through 2010 to €4.8 billion.

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In recent years the Boeing 777 has outsold its Airbus counterparts, which include the A340 family as well as the A330-300. The smaller A330-200 competes with the 767, outselling its Boeing counterpart in recent years. The A380 is anticipated to further reduce sales of the Boeing 747, gaining Airbus a share of the market in very large aircraft, though frequent delays in the A380 programme have caused several customers to consider the refreshed 747–8. Airbus has also proposed the A350 XWB to compete with the Boeing 787 Dreamliner, after being under great pressure from airlines to produce a competing model.

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Airbus says that some A380s may not be delivered to customers or even built. This decision came when Airbus had not met the 'Accord and Satisfaction' for three already built aircraft for an undisclosed Japanese airline. 'Without referring to any specific airline, I can assure you that we have cases where airlines are in the order backlog but not in the production plan,' chief executive officer Tom Enders said in August 2014 during a conference call to discuss earnings with Bloomberg. 'We are watching the situation carefully, and know about the strengths and weaknesses of customers.' Among customers that have ordered superjumbos yet remain undecided about actually taking them is Virgin Atlantic, with six units on the order book. Qantas had also planned to top up its existing fleet by as many as eight airplanes, an expansion that has been thrown into doubt amid a cost-cutting drive. Amedeo, an aircraft lessor that ordered 20 A380s, has yet to find a single client for the jet.

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On 11 December 2014, after slower than expected orders for the aircraft in 2014, Harald Wilhelm, the company's Chief Finance Officer, voiced the possibility to end the program in 2018. His statement was met by protests from customers and a fall in share prices. Airbus responded to the protests by playing down the possibility the A380 would be abandoned, instead emphasizing that enhancing the airplane was a likelier scenario. On 22 December 2014, CEO Fabrice Brégier ruled out the cancellation of the A380 program, stating that it will break even in 2015 but also that the A380 was introduced a decade too early. While no longer losing money on each plane sold, Airbus admits that the company will never recoup the $25 billion investment it made in the project.

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Advertisement. Airbus, which is under increasing pressure to prove the viability of its A380 production rates, yesterday conceded that it still needs to fill a single-digit number of production slots for the type in 2015.dvertisement. Airbus, which is under increasing pressure to prove the viability of its A380 production rates, yesterday conceded that it still needs to fill a single-digit number of production slots for the type in 2015.

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Subsequently, Boeing streamlined its production and turned its attention to a new model, the Boeing 787 Dreamliner, using much of the technology developed for the Sonic Cruiser, but in a more conventional aircraft designed for maximum efficiency. The company also launched new variants of its successful 737 and 777 models. The 787 proved to be highly popular choice with airlines, and won a record number of pre-launch orders. With delays to Airbus' A380 program several airlines threatened to switch their A380 orders to Boeing's new 747 version, the 747-8. Airbus's response to the 787, the A350, received a lukewarm response at first when it was announced as an improved version of the A330, and then gained significant orders when Airbus promised an entirely new design. The 787 program has encountered delays, with the first flight not occurring until late 2009.

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Boeing initially ruled out producing a re-engined version of its 737 to compete with the Airbus A320neo family launch planned for 2015, believing airlines would be looking towards the Boeing Y1 and a 30% fuel saving, instead of paying 10% more for fuel efficiency gains of only a few percent. Industry sources believe that the 737's design makes re-engining considerably more expensive for Boeing than it was for the Airbus A320. However, there did prove to be considerable demand. Southwest Airlines, who use the 737 for their entire fleet (680 in service or on order), said they were not prepared to wait 20 years or more for a new 737 model and threatened to convert to Airbus. Boeing eventually bowed to airline pressure and in 2011 approved the 737 MAX project, scheduled for first delivery in 2017.

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The order in question had long been pending, and both Boeing and Airbus had been competing heavily for the contract. Both offered shared production in Canada, and Boeing went so far as to buy de Havilland Canada to further strengthen their bargaining position, as well as gain access to the feederliner market where they, at that time, had no presence. The contract was eventually won by Airbus in 1988, with an order for 34 Airbus A320s, as well as the sale of some of Air Canada's existing Boeing 747 fleet. Boeing immediately put de Havilland up for sale, thereby putting that company in jeopardy, but the blame for this was generally placed on the government.

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The 777 ranks as one of Boeing's best-selling models. Airlines have acquired the type as a comparatively fuel-efficient alternative to other wide-body jets and have increasingly deployed the aircraft on long-haul transoceanic routes. Direct market competitors include the Airbus A330-300, newly launched Airbus A350 XWB, and the out-of-production A340 and McDonnell Douglas MD-11. The 787 Dreamliner, which entered service in 2011, shares design features with the 777. In November 2013, Boeing announced the development of upgraded 777-8 and 777-9 variants, collectively named 777X, featuring composite wings and GE9X engines and further technologies developed for the 787. The new 777X series is planned to enter service by 2020.

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The A320 has been selected by 222 operators (Dec. 2008), among these several low-cost operators, gaining ground against the previously well established 737 in this sector; it has also been selected as a replacement for 727s and aging 737s by many full-service airlines such as Star Alliance members United Airlines, Air Canada and Lufthansa. After dominating the very large aircraft market for four decades, the Boeing 747 now faces a challenge from the A380. In response, Boeing now offer the stretched and updated 747-8, with greater capacity, fuel efficiency, and longer range. Frequent delays to the Airbus A380 program caused several customers to consider cancelling their orders in favour of the refreshed 747-8. However, all orders for the A380F freight variant have been cancelled. To date, Boeing has secured orders for 78 747-8F and 51 747-8I aircraft with first deliveries originally scheduled for 2011 and 2012 as the 747-8I is only in service with Lufthansa, while Airbus has orders for 318 A380s, the first of which entered service in 2007 and has delivered a total of 152 to customers (as of December 31, 2014).

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The 777X will have a new larger wingspan composite wing with folding wing tips. The internal cabin width is increased to from the width of previous 777 models, through the use of thinner interior cabin walls and better insulation. This will allow 10-abreast economy seating with wide seats.

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In the 1980s the Boeing 727 was discontinued, as its central engine bay would require a prohibitively expensive redesign to accommodate quieter high-bypass turbofans, and it was soon supplanted by twinjets for the narrow-body market; Airbus with the A320, and Boeing with the 757 and updated 'classic' variants of the 737. During that decade only McDonnell Douglas continued development of the trijet design with an update to the DC-10, the MD-11, which initially had a range advantage over its closest medium wide-body competitors which were twinjets, the in-production Boeing 767 and upcoming Airbus 330. In contrast to McDonnell Douglas sticking with their existing trijet configuration, Airbus (which never produced a trijet aircraft) and Boeing worked on new widebody twinjet designs that would become the Airbus A330 and Boeing 777, respectively. The MD-11's long range advantage was brief as it was soon nullified by the Airbus A330's four-engine derivative, the Airbus A340, and the extended-range Boeing 767-300ER and Boeing 777-200ER.

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Premium Economy, is Air France's premium economy product for long haul flights, which became available on the Boeing 777-200ER, 777-300ER, Airbus A340-300 and Airbus A330-200 in late 2009 and early 2010, and on the A380-800 in late 2010 and early 2011. It is a dedicated cabin section with a 2-4-2 (2-3-2 on the long haul Airbus fleet and 3-3-3 for Alize on the 777-300 serving Indian Ocean and Caribbean routes) configuration with 38″ pitch (36″ for long haul Alize seats), 123° reclining fixed shell seats, including an adjustable headrest, a 10.4″ touchscreen, personal reading lamp, universal power ports, and an adjustable leg rest (40% more space, compared to Voyageur seats; the seats are 20% wider and offer 20% more legroom). There are 38 seats on the Airbus A380, 32 on the Boeing 777-300ER, 24 on the Boeing 777-200 and 21 on the Airbus A340-300 & A330-200 (between the Business and Economy cabin; behind Business on the A380 upper deck). Passengers receive double baggage allowance, priority airport services, lounge access, and extra frequent flier mileage. On board, business class amenities include Sennheiser noise-cancelling headphones, an amenity kit (featuring socks, eye mask, toothbrush & toothpaste, and earplugs), improved blankets, and an enhanced meal service with second hot meal, candies, and ice-cream all served with real glass and metal cutlery. A new improved Premium Economy seat using the same shell will be introduced from June 2014 on the Boeing 777 aircraft, featuring better cushioning and improved foot rest, adding comfort to the passenger.