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library_name: transformers
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tags: []
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---
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# Model Card for Phenom CA-MAE-S/16
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Channel-agnostic image encoding model designed for microscopy image featurization.
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The model uses a vision transformer backbone with channelwise cross-attention over patch tokens to create contextualized representations separately for each channel.
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## Model Details
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### Model Description
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This model is a [channel-agnostic masked autoencoder](https://openaccess.thecvf.com/content/CVPR2024/html/Kraus_Masked_Autoencoders_for_Microscopy_are_Scalable_Learners_of_Cellular_Biology_CVPR_2024_paper.html) trained to reconstruct microscopy images over three datasets:
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1. RxRx3
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2. JUMP-CP overexpression
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3. JUMP-CP gene-knockouts
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- **Developed, funded, and shared by:** Recursion
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- **Model type:** Vision transformer CA-MAE
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- **Image modality:** Optimized for microscopy images from the CellPainting assay
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- **License:**
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### Model Sources
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- **Repository:** [https://github.com/recursionpharma/maes_microscopy](https://github.com/recursionpharma/maes_microscopy)
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- **Paper:** [Masked Autoencoders for Microscopy are Scalable Learners of Cellular Biology](https://openaccess.thecvf.com/content/CVPR2024/html/Kraus_Masked_Autoencoders_for_Microscopy_are_Scalable_Learners_of_Cellular_Biology_CVPR_2024_paper.html)
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## Uses
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NOTE: model embeddings tend to extract features only after using standard batch correction post-processing techniques. **We recommend**, at a *minimum*, after inferencing the model over your images, to do the standard `PCA-CenterScale` pattern or better yet Typical Variation Normalization:
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1. Fit a PCA kernel on all the *control images* (or all images if no controls) from across all experimental batches (e.g. the plates of wells from your assay),
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2. Transform all the embeddings with that PCA kernel,
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3. For each experimental batch, fit a separate StandardScaler on the transformed embeddings of the controls from step 2, then transform the rest of the embeddings from that batch with that StandardScaler.
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### Direct Use
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- Create biologically useful embeddings of microscopy images
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- Create contextualized embeddings of each channel of a microscopy image (set `return_channelwise_embeddings=True`)
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- Leverage the full MAE encoder + decoder to predict new channels / stains for images without all 6 CellPainting channels
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### Downstream Use
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- A determined ML expert could fine-tune the encoder for downstream tasks such as classification
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### Out-of-Scope Use
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- Unlikely to be especially performant on brightfield microscopy images
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- Out-of-domain medical images, such as H&E (maybe it would be a decent baseline though)
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## Bias, Risks, and Limitations
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- Primary limitation is that the embeddings tend to be more useful at scale. For example, if you only have 1 plate of microscopy images, the embeddings might underperform compared to a supervised bespoke model.
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## How to Get Started with the Model
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You should be able to successfully run the below tests, which demonstrate how to use the model at inference time.
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```python
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import pytest
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import torch
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from huggingface_mae import MAEModel
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huggingface_phenombeta_model_dir = "."
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# huggingface_modelpath = "recursionpharma/test-pb-model"
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@pytest.fixture
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def huggingface_model():
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# Make sure you have the model/config downloaded from https://huggingface.co/recursionpharma/test-pb-model to this directory
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# huggingface-cli download recursionpharma/test-pb-model --local-dir=.
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huggingface_model = MAEModel.from_pretrained(huggingface_phenombeta_model_dir)
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huggingface_model.eval()
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return huggingface_model
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@pytest.mark.parametrize("C", [1, 4, 6, 11])
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@pytest.mark.parametrize("return_channelwise_embeddings", [True, False])
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def test_model_predict(huggingface_model, C, return_channelwise_embeddings):
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example_input_array = torch.randint(
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low=0,
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high=255,
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size=(2, C, 256, 256),
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dtype=torch.uint8,
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device=huggingface_model.device,
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)
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huggingface_model.return_channelwise_embeddings = return_channelwise_embeddings
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embeddings = huggingface_model.predict(example_input_array)
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expected_output_dim = 384 * C if return_channelwise_embeddings else 384
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assert embeddings.shape == (2, expected_output_dim)
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```
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## Training, evaluation and testing details
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See paper linked above for details on model training and evaluation. Primary hyperparameters are included in the repo linked above.
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## Environmental Impact
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- **Hardware Type:** Nvidia H100 Hopper nodes
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- **Hours used:** 400
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- **Cloud Provider:** private cloud
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- **Carbon Emitted:** 138.24 kg co2 (roughly the equivalent of one car driving from Toronto to Montreal)
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**BibTeX:**
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```TeX
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@inproceedings{kraus2024masked,
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title={Masked Autoencoders for Microscopy are Scalable Learners of Cellular Biology},
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author={Kraus, Oren and Kenyon-Dean, Kian and Saberian, Saber and Fallah, Maryam and McLean, Peter and Leung, Jess and Sharma, Vasudev and Khan, Ayla and Balakrishnan, Jia and Celik, Safiye and others},
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booktitle={Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition},
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pages={11757--11768},
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year={2024}
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}
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```
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## Model Card Contact
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- Kian Kenyon-Dean: kian.kd@recursion.com
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- Oren Kraus: oren.kraus@recursion.com
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- Or, email: info@rxrx.ai
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