source
stringlengths 2
400
| target
stringlengths 2
400
| intent
stringclasses 4
values |
|---|---|---|
Astrophysicist Matthew E. Caplan of Illinois State University has proposed a type of stellar engine that uses a Dyson swarm of mirrors to concentrate stellar energy onto certain regions of a Sun-like star, producing beams of solar wind to be collected by a multi-ramjet assembly producing directed jets of plasma to stabilize its orbit and oxygen-14 to push the star. | Astrophysicist Matthew E. Caplan of Illinois State University has proposed a type of stellar engine that uses a Dyson swarm of mirrors to concentrate stellar energy onto certain regions of a Sun-like star, producing beams of solar wind to be collected by a multi-ramjet assembly which in turn produces directed jets of plasma to stabilize its orbit and oxygen-14 to push the star. | Readability |
The apparent additional complexity is because embedded in the manipulations is also the derivation of the formula_18 transform pair. | The apparent additional complexity is because the derivation of the formula_18 transform pair is also embedded in the manipulations. | Readability |
Any frequency component above formula_2 creates a lower-frequency component, called "alias", associated with one of the copies. The reconstruction technique described below produces the alias, rather than the original component. | Any frequency component above formula_2 is indistinguishable from a lower-frequency component, called an "alias", associated with one of the copies. The reconstruction technique described below produces the alias, rather than the original component, in such cases. | Readability |
and in addition more than a dozen staff offices, like theOffice of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorology, the NOAA Central Library, the Office of Program Planning and Integration (PPI). | and in addition more than a dozen staff offices, like the Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorology, the NOAA Central Library, the Office of Program Planning and Integration (PPI). NOAA Commissioned Officer Corps is a uniformed service of men and women who operate NOAA ships and aircraft, and serve in scientific and administrative posts. | Readability |
Crocodiles when first hatched reach sizes of up to 20 cm, obviously sizes vary depending on the season and health and or blood composition of the mother. | Crocodiles when first hatched reach sizes of up to 20 cm. Sizes vary depending on the season and health and or blood composition of the mother. | Readability |
As for appearance, one generally reliable rule is that alligators have U-shaped heads, while crocodiles are V-shaped - which can be remembered by noting that "A" in alligator comes before "C" in crocodile, and "U" comes before "V". | As for appearance, one generally reliable rule is that alligators have U-shaped heads, while crocodiles' heads are V-shaped. | Readability |
Salt glands are present in the tongues of crocodiles and they have a pore opening on the surface of the tongue, which is a trait that separates them from alligator. They often sleep with their mouths open and may even pant like a dog. Several freshwater species are known to climb trees, some up to 4m high. It's thought the crocodiles do this to bask and to servey territory. | Salt glands are present in the tongues of crocodiles and they have a pore opening on the surface of the tongue, which is a trait that separates them from alligators. They often sleep with their mouths open and may pant like a dog. Four species of freshwater crocodile climb trees to bask in areas lacking a shoreline. | Readability |
Crocodiles mostly eat fish, amphibians, crustaceans, molluscs, birds, reptiles, mammals and occasionally cannibalize on smaller crocodiles. | Crocodiles mostly eat fish, amphibians, crustaceans, molluscs, birds, reptiles, and mammals, and they occasionally cannibalize on smaller crocodiles. | Readability |
Salt glands are present in the tongues of crocodiles and they have a pore opening on the surface of the tongue, which is a trait that separates them from alligators. | Salt glands are present in the tongues of crocodiles and they have a pore opening on the surface of the tongue, a trait that separates them from alligators. | Readability |
During a performance of Aida in Rio de Janeiro in 1886, there was a strugle between the performers of an Italian touring opera company and the local conductor, with the result that subsitute conductors were rejected by the public. | During a performance of Aida in Rio de Janeiro in 1886, there was an ongoing quarrel between the performers of the Italian touring opera company and the local inept conductor, with the result that subsitute conductors were rejected by the audience. | Readability |
The premiere was delayed because of the Siege of Paris (1870–71), during the Franco-Prussian War, when the scenery and costumes were stuck in the French capital, and Verdi's "Rigoletto" was performed instead. Instead music by Jacques Offenbach was performed at the inauguration. | Because the scenery and costumes were stuck in the French capital during the Siege of Paris (1870–71) of the ongoing Franco-Prussian War, the premiere was delayed and Verdi's "Rigoletto" was performed instead. Rather, music by Jacques Offenbach was performed at the inauguration. | Readability |
Dolenz purchased the third 25 Moog synthesizer commercially sold. | Dolenz purchased the third modular Moog synthesizer sold commercially. | Readability |
Terence Tao (2019) improved this result by showing, using logarithmic density, that almost all Collatz orbits are descending below any function that diverges to infinity. | Terence Tao (2019) improved this result by showing, using logarithmic density, that almost all Collatz orbits are descending below any function of the starting point, provided that this function diverges to infinity. | Readability |
It has been recommended for epilepsy but that is not supported by research (although an analogue of one of Valerian's constituents (valeric acid), valproic acid, is used as an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing drug). | It has been recommended for epilepsy but that is not supported by research (although valproic acid, an analogue of one of Valerian's constituents (valeric acid), is used as an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing drug). | Readability |
Valerian is used for insomnia and other disorders as an alternative to benzodiazepine drugs, and as a sedative for nervous tension, excitability, stress and intestinal colic or cramps. | Valerian is used to treat insomnia instead of hypnotic drugs and also to true some other disorders, such as some anxiety disorders, instead of using sedatives, such as benzodiazapenes. Valerian has also been used to treat symptoms such as nervous tension, excitability, stress, and intestinal colic or cramps. | Readability |
The performance by the Paris cast (March 1996), conducted by Antonio Pappano with Roberto Alagna as Don Carlos, Karita Mattila as Elisabeth, Thomas Hampson as Rodrigue, José Van Dam as Philippe II and Waltraud Meier as Eboli, was recorded on videotape and is now available in a remastered HD video format. | The performance by the Paris cast (March 1996), was conducted by Antonio Pappano with Roberto Alagna as Don Carlos, Karita Mattila as Elisabeth, Thomas Hampson as Rodrigue, José Van Dam as Philippe II and Waltraud Meier as Eboli. It was recorded on videotape and is now available in a remastered HD video format. | Readability |
A refined calculation would take into account the fact that the Earth's mass is not uniformly distributed as the center is approached. | A refined calculation would take into account the fact that the Earth's mass is not uniformly distributed near its core. | Readability |
This speed approaches 0 as "r" gets closer to infinity. | This speed approaches 0 as the distance "r" approaches the value of infinity. | Readability |
Escape velocity is a velocity in that it is the speed directed radially away from the mass it is escaping. The escaping object may have a component of velocity normal to the radial velocity but in order to escape the planet's gravitational pull it must have a speed in the radial direction at least as great as the "escape velocity." | Escape velocity is a velocity in that it is the speed an object must have as it is directed radially away from the mass it is to escape. The escaping object may have a an additional component of velocity normal to the radial velocity but in order to escape the planet's gravitational pull it must have a speed in the radial direction at least as great as the mass's "escape velocity." | Readability |
"Carmen"s popularity has endured into the 21st century; according to Macdonald: "The memorability of Bizet's tunes will keep the music of Carmen alive in perpetuity", and its status as a popular classic is unchallenged by any other French opera. | Meanwhile, "Carmen"s popularity endures; according to Macdonald: "The memorability of Bizet's tunes will keep the music of Carmen alive in perpetuity", and its status as a popular classic is unchallenged by any other French opera. | Readability |
They tell him they were responsible for saving him. | They tell Tamino that they were responsible for saving him. | Readability |
After the Queen leaves, the ladies give Tamino a magic flute that can change men's hearts, remove the padlock from Papageno, and present him with a chime of bells to protect him. | After the Queen leaves, the ladies remove the padlock from Papageno, and give Tamino a magic flute. They also give Papageno a chime of magic bells to protect him. | Readability |
"The Magic Flute" is presently the top 10 most frequently performed opera worldwide. | "The Magic Flute" is presently among the top 10 most frequently performed operas worldwide. | Readability |
He describes his life as a bird-catcher, complaining he has no wife or girlfriend (aria: "" / The birdcatcher am I). | He describes his life as a bird-catcher, complaining he has no wife or girlfriend (aria: "" / The birdcatcher am I indeed). | Readability |
Amongst them is Mimì, coughing violently. She tries to find Marcello, who lives in a little tavern nearby where he paints signs for the innkeeper. Meanwhile, Marcello has joined Musetta, and the couple quarrel fiercely about Musetta's flirtatiousness: an antithetical counterpoint to the other pair's reconciliation (quartet: Mimì, Rodolfo, Musetta, Marcello: "Addio dolce svegliare alla mattina!" | Mimì appears, coughing violently. She tries to find Marcello, currently living in a little tavern where he paints signs for the innkeeper. Meanwhile, Marcello has found Musetta, and the couple quarrel fiercely about Musetta's flirtatiousness: an antithetical counterpoint to the other pair's reconciliation (quartet: Mimì, Rodolfo, Musetta, Marcello: "Addio dolce svegliare alla mattina!" | Readability |
On January 17, 1901, Le maschere was premiered in six Italian theaters. He signed a contract with the French editor Choudens in 1903. Amica, with libretto by Choudens, was premiered on March 16, 1905, in Monte-Carlo. He also had the Livornese première of Le maschere. | On January 17, 1901, "Le maschere "was premiered in six Italian theaters. In the same year he signed a contract with the French editor Choudens. "Amica", with libretto by Choudens, was premiered on March 16, 1905, in Monte-Carlo. He also had the Livornese première of "Le maschere". | Readability |
After visits from friends, including Giuseppe Verdi, Donizetti was sent back to Bergamo, his hometown, where he died in 1848 in the house of the noble family Scotti, after several years in the grip of insanity. | After visits from friends, including Giuseppe Verdi, Donizetti was sent back to Bergamo, his hometown. After several years in the grip of insanity, he died in 1848 in the house of the noble family Scotti. | Readability |
It's primary mission was to locate the enemy and report the location and/or conduct calls for fire from artillery units nearby to destroy, disrupt or disable the enemy. | It's primary mission is to locate the enemy and report the location and/or conduct calls for fire from artillery units nearby to destroy, disrupt or disable the enemy. | Readability |
It is currently in service with the: Originally, such countries as the United Kingdom and Canada purchased the design, but it was traded in when the smaller AgustaWestland EH101 were produced. | It is currently in service with the militaries of: Originally, such countries as the United Kingdom and Canada purchased the design, but it was traded in when the smaller AgustaWestland EH101 were produced. | Readability |
The external tank system (ETS) with unswept stub wings to carry two fuel tanks was developed to alleviate the issue. | To alleviate the issue, the external tank system (ETS) with unswept stub wings to carry two fuel tanks was developed. | Readability |
Production of the UH-60M began in 2006. The first of 22 new UH-60Ms was delivered in July 2006. | Production of the UH-60M began in 2006, with the first of 22 new UH-60Ms delivered in July 2006. | Readability |
The IAF first used the UH-60s in combat in April 1996, during operation "Grapes of Wrath" against the Hezbollah in southern Lebanon. | The IAF first used the UH-60s in combat during Operation "Grapes of Wrath" in April 1996, against the Hezbollah in southern Lebanon. | Readability |
Violet dyes for the common people were made from the blackberry or other red fruit of the genus rubus, or from the mulberry. | Violet and purple appeared frequently in Renaissance paintings in the costumes of the Virgin Mary and and of angels. During the Middle Ages, violet dyes for the clothing of common people were usually made from the blackberry or other red fruit of the genus rubus, or from the mulberry. | Readability |
The snails were left to soak for a while, and then a tiny gland was removed. and left to soak for a while. | The snails were left to soak for a while. | Readability |
Monochromatic violet light cannot be produced by the red-green-blue (RGB) color system, the method used to create colors on a television screen or computer display (a fact that is, indeed, true of any monochromatic color of the spectrum besides the shades of red, green, and blue chosen for the primaries). | Monochromatic violet light cannot be produced by the red-green-blue (RGB) color system, the method used to create colors on a television screen or computer display. (In fact, the only monochromatic colors of light that can be produced by this color system are the red, green, and blue that define it.) | Readability |
The greater the distance from the eye to mountains, the lighter and more blue they appear. This effect, long recognized by Leonardo da Vinci and other painters, is called aerial perspective or atmospheric perspective. | It has been observed that the greater the distance between a viewers eyes and mountains, the lighter and more blue or purple they will appear. This phenomenon, long recognized by Leonardo da Vinci and other painters, is called aerial perspective or atmospheric perspective. | Readability |
Grapes, eggplants, pansies and other fruits, vegetables and flowers are purple because they contain natural pigments called anthocyanins. | Certain grapes, eggplants, pansies and other fruits, vegetables and flowers may appear purple due to the presence of natural pigments called anthocyanins. | Readability |
In optics, violet is a spectral color: It refers to the color of any different single wavelength of light on the short wavelength end of the visible spectrum between approximately 380 and 450 nanometers, whereas purple is the color of various combinations of red, blue, and violet light, some of which humans perceive as similar to violet. | In optics, violet is a spectral color: It refers to the color of any different single wavelength of light on the short wavelength end of the visible spectrum, between approximately 380 and 450 nanometers, whereas purple is the color of various combinations of red, blue, and violet light, some of which humans perceive as similar to violet. | Readability |
These uncertainties are sufficient to explain the surprise of the prisoner if he is hanged on any of these days. | These uncertainties are sufficient to explain the surprise of the prisoner if he is hanged between Monday and Thursday. | Readability |
The change of spelling was influenced by the English word "spar", this being a synonym for "mineral." | The change from "Spat" to "-spar" was influenced by the English word "spar", a synonym for "mineral". | Readability |
Similarly, the Pir Panjal range acts as a barrier to the monsoon winds reaching the Kashmir valley, resulting in the monsoon no longer being a dominant factor there, and Srinagar receives less than one-third of its annual precipitation during the monsoon season. | Similarly, the Pir Panjal range acts as a barrier to the monsoon winds reaching the Kashmir valley, resulting in the monsoon no longer being a dominant factor there, and the monsoon season accounts for less than one-third of Srinagar's total annual precipitation. | Readability |
"Sin" (辛), lit.hot, is one of the most popular brands from Korea. In 1960s, instant ramen was introduced from Japan in South Korea and its quick and easy preparation as well as cheap price caught on. Most South Korean food stalls make instant ramen and add toppings to its customers. Instant ramen is often added to Tchigae (stew) to make them filling. | "Sin" (辛) (literally, "hot") is one of the most popular brands in Korea. In 1960s, instant ramen was introduced from Japan to South Korea and its quick and easy preparation as well as cheap price caught on. Most South Korean food stalls make instant ramen and add toppings for their customers. Instant ramen is often added to Tchigae (stew) to make them more filling. | Readability |
A serving of ramen noodle is high in carbohydrates and low in vitamins and minerals. E.g., instant ramen with only an egg as topping, or eating a cup of instant ramen for every meal are not wise choices. Ramen noodles themselves contain very little sodium so one can avoid drinking soup if a low sodium diet is recommended for health reasons. | A serving of ramen noodle is high in carbohydrates and low in vitamins and minerals, so eating instant ramen with only an egg as topping or eating a cup of instant ramen for every meal are not wise choices. Ramen noodles themselves contain very little sodium so one can avoid drinking soup if a low-sodium diet is recommended for health reasons. | Readability |
A basic ramen can be topped with Chashū (叉焼 or 焼豚), Menma (pickled bamboo), Naruto kamaboko, a boiled egg, Nori, and spinach. | A basic ramen can be topped with a boiled egg, Menma (pickled bamboo), Naruto kamaboko, Nori, spinach and Chashū (叉焼 or 焼豚). | Readability |
Keynes had been in homosexual relationships while at Eton and Cambridge; significant among these early partners were Dilly Knox and Daniel Macmillan. Keynes was open about his homosexual affairs, and between 1901 to 1915, kept separate diaries in which he tabulated his many sexual encounters. | Keynes had been in relationships while at Eton and Cambridge; significant among these early partners were Dilly Knox and Daniel Macmillan. Keynes was open about his affairs, and between 1901 to 1915, kept separate diaries in which he tabulated his many sexual encounters. | Readability |
National Guard units can be mobilized for active duty to supplement regular armed forces during times of war or national emergency. | National Guard units can be mobilized for active duty to supplement regular armed forces during times of war or national emergency declared by Congress, the President or the Secretary of Defense. | Readability |
In France, it is common for new medical graduates to sign a written oath.<ref name="Letters, BMJ 8/8/1994"> The majority of osteopathic medical schools use the Osteopathic Oath as well as the Hippocratic Oath, in the United States. The oath was first used in 1938, and the current version has been in use since 1954. | In France, it is common for new medical graduates to sign a written oath.<ref name="Letters, BMJ 8/8/1994"> In the United States, the majority of osteopathic medical schools use the Osteopathic Oath as well as the Hippocratic Oath. The Osteopathic Oath was first used in 1938, and the current version has been in use since 1954. | Readability |
As with Scribonius Largus, there seems to be no question to Soranus that the Hippocratic Oath prohibits abortion, although apparently not all doctors adhered to it strictly in his time. | As with Scribonius Largus, there seemed to be no question to Soranus that the Hippocratic Oath prohibits abortion, although apparently not all doctors adhered to it strictly in his time. | Readability |
At high doses, niacin produces marked anti-inflammatory effects in a variety of tissues – including the brain, gastrointestinal tract, skin, and vascular tissue – through the activation of NIACR1. | In animal models and in vitro, niacin produces marked anti-inflammatory effects in a variety of tissues – including the brain, gastrointestinal tract, skin, and vascular tissue – through the activation of NIACR1. | Readability |
The American Heart Association advises against the substitution of dietary supplement niacin for prescription niacin because of potentially serious side effects, which means that niacin should be used under the supervision of a health care professional, and because manufacture of dietary supplement niacin is not as well-regulated by the FDA as prescription niacin. | The American Heart Association strongly advises against the substitution of dietary supplement niacin for prescription niacin because of potentially serious side effects, which means that niacin should only be used under the supervision of a health care professional, and because manufacture of dietary supplement niacin is not as well-regulated by the FDA as prescription niacin. | Readability |
The high doses of niacin used to improve the lipid profile have been shown to elevate fasting blood glucose in people with type 2 diabetes. Reviews reported that long-term niacin therapy was also associated with an increase in the risk of new-onset type 2 diabetes. | The high doses of niacin used to treat hyperlipidemia have been shown to elevate fasting blood glucose in people with type 2 diabetes. Long-term niacin therapy was also associated with an increase in the risk of new-onset type 2 diabetes. | Readability |
However, unemployment continued to grow and three devaluations of the franc were decided upon. This policy more or less came to an end with the March 1983 liberal turn. At the same time, the Savary Bill to limit the financing of private schools by local communities, caused a political crisis. | However, unemployment continued to grow and the franc was devalued three times. After two years in office, Mitterand made a substantial u-turn in economic policies, with the March 1983 adoption of the so-called liberal turn. At the same time, the Savary Bill, to limit the financing of private schools by local communities, caused a political crisis. | Readability |
The RAF later ordered eight Chinook HC3s, which is a low cost version of the MH-47E for the special forces operations role. These have not yet been pronounced airworthy for their intended purpose. | The RAF later ordered eight Chinook HC3s, which is a low cost version of the MH-47E for the special forces operations role, although they have still to enter operational service. | Readability |
The Argentine Air Force and the Argentine Army deployed 4 CH-47C (2 each), losing 2 of them (1+1). | The Argentine Air Force and the Argentine Army deployed 4 CH-47C (2 each) which were widely used in general transport duties. Of the Army's airframes one was destroyed on ground by a Harrier whilst the other was captured (and reused after the war) by the British. Both Air Force's examples return to Argentina and remain in service until 2002 . | Readability |
On 10 August 2009, Canada signed a contract to purchase 15 CH-47Fs for delivery in 2013-14, entering service in the Canadian Forces after a planned withdrawal from combat operations in Afghanistan. | On 10 August 2009, Canada signed a contract to purchase 15 CH-47Fs for delivery in 2013-14, entering service with the Canadian Forces after its planned withdrawal from combat operations in Afghanistan. | Readability |
They were fitted with a power hoist above the crew door, as well a flight engineer station in the rear cabin and other modifications, a configuration referred to by Boeing as the "Super C". One helicopter was lost in 1982 and when the others were withdrawn from service in the early 1990s for cost reasons the surviving seven were sold to the Netherlands. | They were fitted with a power hoist above the crew door, as well a flight engineer station in the rear cabin and other modifications in a configuration referred to by Boeing as the "Super C". One helicopter was lost in 1982. The seven other C-models were withdrawn from service in the early 1990s for cost reasons, and later sold to the Netherlands. | Readability |
As of 2011, the Netherlands shall upgrade 11 of these which will be updated to the CH-47F standard at a later date. | In 2021, the Netherlands upgraded t to the CH-47F standard. | Readability |
The algorithm is valid for all values of Y ≥ −4712, that is, for all JD ≥ 0. JDN = 367 × Y − (7 × (Y + 5001 + (M − 9)/7))/4 + (275 × M)/9 + D + 1729777 | The algorithm is valid for all values of Y ≥ −4712, that is, for all JD ≥ 0. formula_1 | Readability |
The statement ""f" = "f" + 1" indicates the variable "f" is assigned a new value which is one greater than its previous value. "f" = J + "j" 1a. "f" = "f" + (((4 * J + "B")/146097) * 3)/4 + "C" 2. | "f" = J + "j" + (((4 * J + "B")/146097) * 3)/4 + "C" 2. | Readability |
In July 2009, Yemen recieved Four of the UH-1H variant of these helicopters, but these remained grounded for almost all the time they have spent in Yemen and at least one of these helicopters was heavily damaged during Saudi-led airstrikes on Al Daylami and Al Anad Air bases. | In July 2009, Yemen received four UH-1Hs. These remained grounded for almost all the time they were in Yemen; at least one helicopter was heavily damaged during Saudi-led airstrikes on Al Daylami and Al Anad Air bases. | Readability |
This is done by sucking water into the mantle cavity and quickly expelling it out of the siphon in a fast, strong jet. The direction of the siphon can be changed in order to suit the direction of travel. | IN this form of locomotion, water is sucked into the mantle cavity and expelled out of the siphon in a fast, strong jet. The direction of the siphon can be changed, in order to suit the direction of travel. | Readability |
In English-speaking countries, it is often known by the name "calamari". Individual species of squid are found abundantly in certain areas and provide large catches for fisheries. The body can be stuffed whole, cut into flat pieces or sliced into rings. | In English-speaking countries, squid as food is often known by the Mediterranean (Spanish and Italian) word "calamari". Individual species of squid are found abundantly in certain areas, and provide large catches for fisheries. The body of squid can be stuffed whole, cut into flat pieces or sliced into rings. | Readability |
According to the restoration by The ceremony of the triumph began with the triumphator waiting outside the Servian Walls in the Campus Martius, on the western bank of the Tiber. | According to the restoration by <sup>to be supplied. This section to be re-written.</sup>The ceremony of the triumph began with the triumphator waiting outside the Servian Walls in the Campus Martius, on the western bank of the Tiber. | Readability |
It was reluctantly granted by a cowed and divided Senate when Pompey was aged only 24, and a mere equestrian.. For Roman conservatives, this was an unseemly honour for the "teenage butcher". If he was too young for senatorial rank, he was too young for the rewards of military prestige. | It was reluctantly granted by a cowed and divided Senate when Pompey was aged only 24, and a mere equestrian.. For Roman conservatives, this was an unseemly honour for the "teenage butcher", too young for senatorial rank or the rewards of military prestige. | Readability |
Beard notes that the decline of the "peasant virtues" of ancient Rome matched the growth in triumphal ostentation.. Dionysius of Halicarnassus' imaginative account of Romulus' triumph led him to reflect that the triumphs of his own day (Ca 60 BCE – after 7 BCE) "departed in every respect from the ancient tradition of frugality".. | Beard notes that the decline of the "peasant virtues" of ancient Rome was said to match the growth in triumphal ostentation.. Dionysius of Halicarnassus' imaginative account of Romulus' triumph led him to reflect that the triumphs of his own day (Ca 60 BCE – after 7 BCE) "departed in every respect from the ancient tradition of frugality".. | Readability |
Some offer a critique of the triumph and its values, preoccupied more by the lessons to be drawn from what was exceptional or strange than by the "obvious" ritual details. Accordingly, these are tantalisingly sketchy, interpretive or absent. | Most are preoccupied more by the lessons to be drawn from what was exceptional or strange than by the "obvious" ritual details, which accordingly are sketchy, interpretive or absent. | Readability |
A captured enemy ruler or general might be taken to the Tullianum and executed: Jugurtha was starved to death there, and Vercingetorix was strangled. | A captured enemy ruler or general might be paraded then taken to the Tullianum for execution: Jugurtha was starved to death there, and Vercingetorix was strangled. | Readability |
Once disposed. t he wealth on display injected huge sums into the Roman economy; the amount brought in by Octavian's Triumph over Egypt triggered a fall in interest rates, and a sharp rise in land prices. | Once disposed, this portable wealth display injected huge sums into the Roman economy; the amount brought in by Octavian's Triumph over Egypt triggered a fall in interest rates, and a sharp rise in land prices. | Readability |
Gregory's early policies as bishop often went against those of his brother: for instance, while Basil condemned the Sabellianist followers of Marcellus of Ancyra as heretics, Gregory may have tried to reconcile them with the church. | Gregory's early policies as bishop often went against those of Basil : for instance, while his brother condemned the Sabellianist followers of Marcellus of Ancyra as heretics, Gregory may have tried to reconcile them with the church. | Readability |
The gun was used extensively beginning with the Vietnam War and continues today. | The gun was first used extensively beginning with the Vietnam War and is still used to the present day. | Readability |
Between 1933 and 1945 the BIS board of directors included Walther Funk, a prominent Nazi official, and Emil Puhl responsible for processing dental gold looted from concentration camp victims, as well as Hermann Schmitz, the director of IG Farben, and Baron von Schroeder, the owner of the , all of whom have been later convicted of war crimes or crimes against humanity. | Between 1933 and 1945 the BIS board of directors included Walther Funk, a prominent Nazi official, and Emil Puhl responsible for processing dental gold looted from concentration camp victims, as well as Hermann Schmitz, the director of IG Farben, and Baron von Schroeder, the owner of the , all of whom were later convicted of war crimes or crimes against humanity. | Readability |
However, the opera also defies the stereotyped expectations of a despotic Turkish culture, since its climax entails a selfless act of forgiveness on the part of the Pasha. | However, the opera also defies the stereotype of despotic Turkish culture, since its climax entails a selfless act of forgiveness on the part of the Pasha. | Readability |
In those with a history of stones, presenting with the symptoms of stones who are less than 50 years of age without any concerning signs helical CT scaning is not required. | In people with a history of stones, those who are less than 50 years of age and are presenting with the symptoms of stones without any concerning signs, do not require helical CT scan imaging. | Readability |
However, some have theorized that certain behaviors associated with frequent and binge drinking can lead to dehydration, which can, in turn, lead to the development of kidney stones. People with lymphoproliferative/myeloproliferative disorders who were treated with chemotherapy developed symptomatic kidney stones 1.8% of the time in one study. | However, some people have theorized that certain behaviors associated with frequent and binge drinking can lead to dehydration, which can, in turn, lead to the development of kidney stones. In one study, people with lymphoproliferative/myeloproliferative disorders who were treated with chemotherapy developed symptomatic kidney stones 1.8% of the time. | Readability |
suppose the state recognises gender transitions, but the | suppose the state recognises gender transitions, but the federal government does not). | Readability |
"Gender" comes from Middle English "gendre", via Middle French "gendre" ultimately from Latin "genus", all meaning "kind," "sort," or "type." Ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European root "gen", which is also the root for "kind," "king" and many others. | "Gender" comes from Middle English "gendre", via Middle French "gendre", ultimately from Latin "genus", all meaning "kind," "sort," or "type." The Proto-Indo-European root "gen" is very widely attested, and is also the root for "kind," "king" and many others. | Readability |
Since the 1950s, the term "gender" has been increasingly used to distinguish a social role (gender role) and/or personal identity (gender identity) distinct from biological sex. | Since the 1950s, the term "gender" has gained an additional technical usage, in distinguishing social role (gender role) and personal identity (gender identity) distinct from biological sex. | Readability |
Part of the Y chromosome (Sex-determining Region Y = SRY) causes what would normally become ovaries to become testes. | Part of the Y chromosome, Sex-determining Region Y (SRY) causes what would normally become ovaries to become testes. | Readability |
Some species, like the toxic herb "Datisca glomerata", only have males and hermaphrodites, a rare reproductive system called "androdioecy". | Some species, like the Japanese ash tree "Fraxinus lanuginosa", only have males and hermaphrodites, a rare reproductive system called "androdioecy". | Readability |
The tribes ("genē") of the nouns are males, females and things. | The classes ("genē") of the nouns are males, females and things. | Readability |
The way we behave as masculine, feminine, or any combination reflects the highly detailed gender maps that we have laid out in our society. | The way we behave as masculine or feminine interacts with social expectations. | Readability |
Given how ingrained and detailed these gender schemas are, it is hard to imagine that we create and reinforce them ourselves. | Given how ingrained and detailed these expectations are, it is hard to imagine that we create and reinforce them ourselves. | Readability |
It is to empower women and decrease the level of inequality between men and women. | It is a program focused on the gender development of women to empower them and decrease the level of inequality between men and women. | Readability |
The following systematic list gender taxonomy illustrates the kinds of diversity that have been studied and reported in medical literature. | The following gender taxonomy illustrates the kinds of diversity that have been studied and reported in medical literature. | Readability |
Although there was a pronouncement by NASA during the mission, that the Viking lander results did not demonstrate conclusive biosignatures in soils at the two landing sites, the test results and their limitations are still under assessment. | Although there was a pronouncement by NASA during the mission saying that the Viking lander results did not demonstrate conclusive biosignatures in soils at the two landing sites, the test results and their limitations are still under assessment. | Readability |
The program did save some money by cutting out a third lander and reducing the number of experiments on the lander. | The program did however save some money by cutting out a third lander and reducing the number of experiments on the lander. | Readability |
The score was completed on 28 October 1787 after Da Ponte was recalled to Vienna to work on another opera. | The score was completed on 28 or 29 October 1787 after Da Ponte was recalled to Vienna to work on another opera. | Readability |
Objects, such as the nails used in the execution of criminals, were sought as amulets. | Objects, such as nails, used in the execution of criminals were sought as amulets. | Readability |
Crucifixion on a single pole with no transom, with hands affixed over one's head, would precipitate rapid asphyxiation if no block was provided to stand on, once the legs were broken. | Crucifixion on a single pole with no transom, with hands affixed over one's head, would precipitate rapid asphyxiation if no block was provided to stand on, or once the legs were broken. | Readability |
The contemporary American photographer Andres Serrano produced in 1989 the controversial composition Piss Christ. | The contemporary American photographer Andres Serrano produced the controversial composition Piss Christ in 1989. | Readability |
Firaun(Pharaoh) said: "Ye believe in Him before I give you leave! | Firaun said: "Ye believe in Him before I give you leave! | Readability |
Despite this, the practice persists in the Philippines, where some Catholics are voluntarily, non-lethally crucified for a limited time on Good Friday to imitate the sufferings of Christ. | Despite this, the practice persists in the Philippines, where some Catholics are voluntarily, non-lethally crucified for a limited time on Good Friday to imitate their believed sufferings of Christ. | Readability |
He was criticised for perpetrating the so-called Irish slaves myth, which falsely equates the indentured servitude of the Irish with the chattel slavery of African Americans. | He was criticised for perpetrating the so-called Irish slaves myth, which equates the indentured servitude of the Irish with the chattel slavery of African Americans. | Readability |
Seals are used to authenticate documents, applied directly to the face of the document, or attached to the document, by cords in the owner's Tincture (heraldry)=(heraldic colors)-, or to a narrow strip of the document, sliced and folded down, as a tail but not detached from the document. | Seals are used to authenticate documents, applied directly to the face of the document, or attached to the document by cords or ribbons (often in the owner's liveries), or to a narrow strip of the document, sliced and folded down, as a tail but not detached from the document. | Readability |
Thus we are concisely told: "There died in this year Robert de Insula, Bishop of Durham. | Thus it is told: "There died in this year Robert de Insula, Bishop of Durham. | Readability |
He suggests that after an African origin of "Homo sapiens" (including "Homo ergaster"/"Homo erectus") and the subsequent migration of "H. erectus" throughout much of the globe with the exception of the Americas, local evolutionary events took place across the world (Africa, Europe, Asia), and when they were advantageous, they spread everywhere else. | He suggests that after an African origin of "Homo sapiens" (including "Homo ergaster"/"Homo erectus") and the subsequent migration of "H. erectus" throughout much of the globe (Africa, Europe, Asia), local evolutionary events took place, and when they were advantageous, they spread everywhere else. | Readability |
Wagner's original draft set the action in Scotland, but he changed the location to Norway shortly before the first production staged in Dresden in January 1843 with Wagner himself conducting. | In his original draft Wagner set the action in Scotland, but he changed the location to Norway shortly before the first production which he conducted in Dresden in January 1843. | Readability |
In his original draft Wagner set the action in Scotland, but he changed the location to Norway shortly before the first production which he conducted in Dresden in January 1843. | In his original draft Wagner set the action in Scotland, but he changed the location to Norway shortly before the first production staged in Dresden and conducted by himself in January 1843. | Readability |
Even though the Dominion of Canada was recognized as independent of and equal to the United Kingdom, non-Canadian-born persons continued to be appointed to the post. The first Canadian-born Governor General, Vincent Massey, was not appointed until 1952. | Even though the Dominion of Canada was recognized as independent of and equal to the United Kingdom, non-Canadian-born persons continued to be appointed to the post of Governor General; The first to break this was Vincent Massey, appointed in 1952. | Readability |
He or she also upon installation automatically becomes a Knight or Dame of Justice and the Prior and Chief Officer in Canada of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem. | The governor general also upon installation automatically becomes a Knight or Dame of Justice and the Prior and Chief Officer in Canada of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem. | Readability |
End of preview. Expand
in Dataset Viewer.
The pre-training dataset of paper "G-SPEED: General SParse Efficient Editing MoDel".
Visit https://github.com/Banner-Z/G-SPEED.git for more details.
- Downloads last month
- 0